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1024

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.......................................................................... 
1.1

1.2

1.3

4
4
4
5

()5

()5

()5

()5

()6

7
1.4

.............................................. 
2.1

15
15
16

()16

()17

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()17

()18

()19

19

()19

()23

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30

()30

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2.2

33
33

()33

()33

()34

34

()34

()35

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37

()37

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()41

43

()43

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()45

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()45

()46

49

()49

()50

()50

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51

()51

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()C/N53

54

()54

()55

2.3

56
56
57

()57

()57

()57

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()TTC2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride57

58

()58

()60

61

()61

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()61

()62

62
64

()65

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2.4

66
66
66

()66

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68
74
2.5

74
74

()74

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76

()76

()80

83
85

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()85

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()harding85

.................................................. 
3.1

89
89

()89

()89

()89

89

()oxygenation90

()90

()90

()91

91
91
92
3.2

92
92
94

()canopy interception95

()96

()98

()99

3.3

99
101
101

3.4

106
106

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107
110
116
117
3.5

118

..................................... 
4.1

126
126
151

4.2

157

4.3

171

................... 
5.1

177
177

()177

()178

179

()179

()180

()183

()186

()189

192

()192

()192

()193

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()193

()194

()195

()195

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5.2

200
200
201
207

()207

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5.3

211
211

()211

()211

212

()212

()213

()214

215

()215

()217

()218

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222

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5.4

225
225
227

()227

()227

()229

230
5.5

231

...................... 
6.1

237
237
237

6.2

238
238
239
240
241

()241

()243

244

()245

()245

246
6.3

247
247
248

()248

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()248

250

()251

()256

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259
6.4

261
261
261

()261

()262

()262

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()265

265

()266

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269
6.5

270
270
271

()271

()271

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()272

()273

281

()281

()281

()282

289

()289

()289

()291

()295

()296

()297

............... 0
7.1

307
307
307

()307

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309
7.2

310
310

()310

()311

()315

315

()315

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()322

()323

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325

()325

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333
7.3

334
334
335

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336

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......................................... 
8.1

341

()341

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8.2

342
343

()343

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()344

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12

36cm345

()345

()345

348

()348

()348

351

()351

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355

()355

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()355

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8.3

360
360
361

()361

()361

363
363

()363

()364

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13

365

()365

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8.4

366
366

()366

()366

368

()368

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373

()373

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374

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8.5

377
377
377
382
387

()387

()388

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8.6

389
389

()389

()390

392

()392

()392

......................................... 
9.1

397
397
397
399

9.2

403
403

()403

()403

()404

405
9.3

405
405

()405

()412

()414

415

()415

()417

()418

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9-4

()419

420
420
421

()421

()422

424

()424

()425

()425

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9.5

428
428
429
430
431

()Jaccard Sj432

()Sorensen So432

()Motyka Smo432

()433

437
441

()441

()442

()443

446

()447

()447

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................................................ 
10.1 451
451
453
10.2 459
459
460
460
461
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10.3 462
462

()462

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466

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10.4 468
468

()468

()470

()471

()471

471

()471

()472

()474

476

()476

()479

.......................................................................... 
........................................................................................ 

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 www.wunan.com.tw
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chapter

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Chapter 2
15

2.1

1969Whittaker
moneraprotistsfungiplantaeanimalia
subkingdom thallophytasubkingdom embryophyta

1.

2.

3.

4.

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16

5.

6.

7.

Flora of Taiwan
4200
4000200

life form

1934Raunkier's
life form2-1
()phanerophytes

megaphanerophytes
mesophanerophytesmicrophanerophytes
nanophanerophytes

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Chapter 2
17

2-1
123459

()chamaephytes
25cm

()hemicryptophytes

1. proto-hemicryptophytes

2. partial rosette plants

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18

3. half-creeping partial rosette plants

4. rosette plants
radical

()cryptophytes

hydrophytes
submerged plantsemerged plants
floating plant
geophytes

1. rhizome geophytes

2. stem-tuber geophytes

3. root-tuber geophytes

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Chapter 2
19

4. corm geophytes

()therophytes

succulent-stemmed plantsepiphytes

growth form

()
1.
arboreus plants

2.
(1)trees

A. 12m

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20

B. 612m

C. 4 . 5 6 m

(2)shrubs
5m

2m
A. 2 4 . 5 m

B. 12m

C. 1 m
30cm
(3)lianas

(4)

deciduous trees
evergreen trees

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Chapter 2
21

3.
(1)

19937

A. P-type

B. H-type

C. P H - t y p e

D. R-type

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22

E. V H - t y p e

F. V-type
G. M-type

(2)

1/10

A. 15%1.0
B.
0.6
0.8
1.0
C.
1.0
1.5
1.5
2.0

1.5
0.750.5

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Chapter 2
23

3040cm
3m
()
1.
herbaceous plants

(1)
(2)
(3)

(4)
(5)

2.

(1)lawn

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24

(2)ground covers, ground cover plants

(3)turf

(4)turf grass

(5)sod

(6)grassland
50%

3.

2-2

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Chapter 2
25

2-2

(1)

stolon

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runner

rhizome

fibrous roots
radicleadventitious roots
(2)

sheath node

()
1.

2.

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Chapter 2
27

growth form

2-3
2-4
(1)decumbent vine

(2)prostrate vine

(3)creeping vine

(4)twining vine

(5)climbing vine

A.

B.

C.

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28

2-3

3.
(1)

A.

B.
C.
D.
E.
F.

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Chapter 2
29

2-4

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30

G.
H.
(2)

()

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Chapter 2
31

()
S

exponential phase

(1)

k 1 wdw
dt(1)
(2)

(3)

w 1 t 1 w 2 t 2 k 1
relative growth rate, RGR

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32

(4)

linear phase

phase of maximum growth rate

(5)

k 2 absolute growth rate, AGR

(6)

AGRwRGR
AGR

senescence phase

Senescence phase

Linear phase
Exponential phase
Lag phase

2-5

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. .
, 2013.05

ISBN 978-957-11-7088-6 ()
1.2.3.
436.2

102006750

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