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    A Study Guide for Anna Akhmatova's "Voronezh"
    A Study Guide for Anna Akhmatova's "Voronezh"
    A Study Guide for Anna Akhmatova's "Voronezh"
    Ebook41 pages39 minutes

    A Study Guide for Anna Akhmatova's "Voronezh"

    By Gale and Cengage

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    About this ebook

    A Study Guide for Anna Akhmatova's "Voronezh," excerpted from Gale's acclaimed Poetry for Students. This concise study guide includes plot summary; character analysis; author biography; study questions; historical context; suggestions for further reading; and much more. For any literature project, trust Poetry for Students for all of your research needs.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherCengage Learning - Gale
    Release dateSep 28, 2016
    ISBN9781535842204
    A Study Guide for Anna Akhmatova's "Voronezh"

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      A Study Guide for Anna Akhmatova's "Voronezh" - Gale

      13

      Voronezh

      Anna Akhmatova

      1940

      Introduction

      Voronezh, a seventeen-line poem by the twentieth-century Russian master Anna Akhmatova, is emblematic not only of the city that provides the title but also of the man to whom the poem is dedicated, the Soviet era in which it was written, and the greater body of work of the renowned author herself. In terms of her persona, Akhmatova might be conceived as the Russian equivalent of early twentieth-century American poet Edna St. Vincent Millay: each woman was first published while still in her teens, was widely admired by her contemporaries for both her verse and her magnetic charms, and led a bohemian lifestyle that signalled the onset of the new modernist era. Yet where Millay was free to write poems about love while enjoying a peaceful existence on democratic American soil (and in fact was seen to compromise her verse by adopting a political agenda regarding World War II), Akhmatova lived through a tumultuous series of decades in her nation's history. Her life spanned the Russian Revolution of 1917, the ensuing civil war, the rise of Soviet Communism, Joseph Stalin's infamous reign of terror, and the spread of World War II onto Soviet soil. For Russian poets like Akhmatova, political undercurrents were on the one hand something of an ethical necessity—the inescapable truth of life in the shadowy Soviet Union simply had to be spoken—and on the other hand a potentially fatal gamble. Osip Mandelstam, for one, effectively signed his own death warrant in 1933 by composing and sharing a highly unflattering poem about the notorious Soviet leader known as The Stalin Epigram. After years marked by torture, suppression, and internal exile, Mandelstam died in captivity in 1938.

      Akhmatova's Voronezh, written in 1936 and first published in 1940, portrays the Russian city of Mandelstam's exile as one frozen in time, a symbol of the cultural stagnation accomplished by the totalitarian Soviet regime. Versions of Voronezh can be found in the Akhmatova collections Poems, translated by Lyn Coffin, and You Will Hear Thunder, translated by D. M. Thomas, as well as in Richard McKane's preface to The Voronezh Notebooks: Poems, 1935–1937, by Osip Mandelstam.

      Author Biography

      Anna Andreevna Gorenko was born in Bolshoy Fontan, near Odessa, Russia (now in Ukraine), on June 11, 1889, as the third of six children in an upper-class landholding family with status among the nobility. Gorenko was raised in Tsarskoe Selo (or Tsar's Village), a suburb of St. Petersburg sprinkled with mansions. She was a carefree youth who appreciated solitude, and she wrote her first poem at age eleven; she was

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