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www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
24
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25
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www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
26
1. :
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33
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www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
34
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www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
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35
1. :
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www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
36
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41
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www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
42
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4-5|-3|-6(3|-3|-3)=24|-3|-72
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3. |()|=()
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0 ()=()
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0.
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()<0.
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
43
: |x-4|=5-2x
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4,:
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3=9
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.
. 2 (-1)=4(-+1)
2-2 =4-4+4
2-4=2 -4+4
2:
(2 -4)=(-2)2
(-2)(+2)=(-2)2
(1)
3:
)
.
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
44
(-2)(+2)
-2
2 +2
(-2)2
(-2)(+2)
-2
-2
+2
) ,
.
( (1) )
=2 : 0=0
=-2 : 0=16
= :
>0,
<0, .
>0,
= .
<0,
=- || .
:
1. x3
64
x=3 64
2. x
81
x=
3. x6
4. x5
x=4 ( 3)
81
x=
3 ( 1)
81 ( 2)
-32
5. x7 +8x4
x=- 5 |-32|
x4 (x 3
8)
x=-2 ( 4)
x4 =0
x=0 3 +8=0
3 =-8
=- 3 |-8|
( )
2 ++=0
0 . =0
1 .
2 ,
.
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
=-2
45
(=0)
2 +=0
2 =-
2 = 0
0, =
- .
0, .
(=0) ,
-
2 +=0
=0
(+)=0
+=0
=-
2 ++=0
=-
2 0
0 2 2 2
2
2
2 4
2
4 2
2
4 2
4 2
2
= - 4, :
2 (2)
2
4
2
> 0, :
(2), (1), :
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
46
= 0, (2) :
2
0
0
0 0
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
>0
=0
<0
1,2
-
2
1,2
-
:
>0 .
<0 (
).
:
) 2 , >0
) 1 , =0
.
) , <0
.
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
47
1.
42 +8=0
4(+2)=0
4=0
=0
+2=0
=-2
2.
32-9=0
32=9
2=3
3.
2-1=(-6)(+6)
=2 -4
2-1=2 -36
2 -2-35=0
=(-2)2 -4 1 (-35)=4+140=144
-
2 144
2
2 1
14
-10
1 =
=7 2 =
=-5
2
2
1,2 =
212
2
, :
2 +(+1)++4=0
.
=0
(+1)2
4 1 (+4)=0
2 +2+1-4-16=0
2 -2-15=0
=(-2)2 -4 1 (-15)=64
1,2
64
2 1
8
2
5 -3
A
2++-0
0 =
1
S= + =1 2
= =
1 2
Vieta.
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
-+
--
=
,:
2
2
2
48
2++-0
0 1 2 S= 1+ 2
= 1 2 Q
x2-Sx+P=0
:
S= 1+ 2 = 1 2
,
1 2,:
) (, ..)
) :
12+22=(1+2)2-212
13+23=(1+2)(12-12+22)
. 2+3-5=0.
) 1,2 .
) :
) 1+ 2 ) 1 2
) 12+22
) 13+23 )
) 2 +
) =32-4 1 (-5)=9+20=29>0 .
3
) ) + =- =- =-3
1 2
1
-5
=-5
) =1 2 = =
1
) 12+22=(1+2)2-212=(-3)2-2 (-5)=19
) 13+23=(1+2)(12-12+22)=(-3)[19-(-5)]=-72
+
1
1
-3 3
+
= 1 2 =
=
)
-5
5
1
2
1 2
2
2
+
19 19
2
1
1
2
+
=
=
=)
-5
5
1
2
1 2
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
49
2++-0
0 :
1. 0 S=0
2. 0 =1
. 32+(+2)+-1=0.
:
)
)=(+2)2-4 3(-1)=2+4+4-12+12=2-8+16=(-4)20
S= -
=0
+2
=0
3
+2=0
=-2 .
) =(+2)2-4 3(-1)=2+4+4-12+12=2-8+16=(-4)20
=
=1
-1
3
=1
-1=3
=4
[()]2 +()+=0
()=y y2+y+=0 ,
, ()=y .
(2+1)2-7(2+1)+10=0
2+1=y y2-7y+10=0
=(-7)2
4 1 10
49
40
7 9 73
=
=5 2
2 1
2
T
y1,2 =
2 +1=5
4
2
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
50
2+||+=0
|| 2=2
,
||2+||+=0 y=||. y
y=|| .
2-6||+8=0
y1,2
1 8=4
4 2
2
2
||=4 ||=2
=
2++=0
4 =
=
2++=0. =
.
4-22-8=0 (
=2)
=2 2-2-8=0
=(-2)2-4 1 (-8)=36
1,2
36
2
2 =4
=
6
2
-2
2 =-2
:
.
.. (
.. ).
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
51
.. .
.
.
+10
2
- 2
=
+2 -4 -2
-10 2
=
+2 2 -4 -2
-10
2
=
+2 (-2)(+2) -2
-10
2
-(-2)(+2)
=(-2)(+2)
+2
(-2)(+2)
-2
2
(-2)-(-10)=2(+2)
-2-+10=2+4
(-2)(+2)
2 -5+6=0 =(-5)2
4 1 6
5 1 51
=
=
= 3 2
1,2
2
2
=2 .
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
: +2
0 -2
52
5
4 5 2 1
12
3
5
3 2 5
4
2 _ 3 2
3
)
)
4
6
12
10
2
5
1. : )
5 14
7
3( 3)
2
4
3
3 2 8
1
3
5
2. : )
)
2
2 3 3 2
2 2 4
)
1
3 4
2( 1)
)
2
5 6 3 2
1 2 3 2
2
1
1
1
2
2
3 2 2 4
2
3.N :
) 2 3x 6 18 0
4 x 2
2
x 1 4
4 x 10
9
2 )
x 3
2
x3
2
6 2x
3
x3
3 x
6
) 10 5 5x 20 4 x 4 6 x 6 ) 2 x 1 x 4
) x 3 7 x ) 2 x 3 4 x 5 0 )
x 1
4
3x 2
6
4.N :
) x 3 1 ) |||-2|=5 ) |5-|2-1||=4 ) ||-1|+4|=7
) |1-|3-2||=6 ) ||+3| -2|=|-5| ) 7 2 x 3 6 4
) x 2 3x x 2 9 0 ) x 2 4 x 2 4 x 4 0 ) x3 x x 2 x 0
) x 3 x 2 x 0
5.N :
)|2-8|=2-8 )|2|-4|-+3=0 ) -2|+4|=1
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
53
6.N :
) ( 6) 2 9(1 )
) 2 ( 1) (1 )
) (2 1) 2(1 2 ) 2 ( 1) ) 2( 2 2 ) (4 ) 0
) 2 ( 2) ( 1) 0 ) 2 2 2 ( 2 1) 2 ( 1)
) 3( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( 1) ) ( 2 8)( 1) 2 (3 ) 2 2
7. : ) x 64 ) x 81 ) x 21
4
) x 32
) 25x 16 x
) x 8x 0
) 2 x 16 x 0
) 8x x 0 .
4
8. : )
)
)
) 9
) 2
2
6
0 )
6
2
) 36 16
) (
)
)
2)
2)2
0 ) 2
18
2)(
0 ) (
32)
10)
3)(
1)(
1)
3(
3)2
3 (7
5
1)
1) 2
6
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
10
30
27
6)
8)(
7)
2)
(3 5 )
4 )(
1)2
10
12
) (
)
12
0 ) 5
) 1
3)
2)
) 3
0 ) (
4)
0 )
(2
0 ) 2
0 ) 4
4 (
2)
3
0 ) 2
4(1 7 ) 2
25
(3
11
11.: ) (3
) 4(
0 ) 2
48)(
0 )
35
0 ) 2
16
10. : ) (
) (3
0 ) 3
9.: )
) 7
0 )
4 5(2
1)
1)(
3
1)
3
2
54
12. :
) x2
(2
(2
) 2
(3
0 ) 2
2)
2
2)
3)
0
1
13.
:
)
2
2
14.
0
(
1)
0 )
0 ,
0.
0 4. )
) .
15.
0 (1)
12
(2
9)
18
21
0 6. :
) ) .
17.
16
20
0 10. :
) ) .
18.
: )
19.
)2 )
1
2
1
1
2
3
1
0 ,
2
1
2
2
3
1
3
2
: )
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
5
1
4
2
0 ,
2
1
2
2
3
1
3
2
55
20.
: )
1)(
21.
) (2
1)
0 ,
4
)
2
1
2
2
2
1
2
2
3) .
: )
3)(2
0 ,
4
)
2
1
2
2
22. : )2
1
-2
2
4 ) -3 5 ) -6 1 ) -4 -1 )
2
6.
3
23. : )-2
+2 ) 1+ 1- ) 2 .
24.
0 ,
:
)
2
1
2
2
25.
2
2
0 ,
:
) 3
26.
2
1
2
2
0 ,
:
)
1
2
1
2
2
1
1
1
3
2
1
2
1
2
2
2
2
1
.
3
27. :
x2
1)
) .
) : )
).
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
56
28. : 2 x2
5)
0 .
.
29. : x 2
0 .
1)
.
30. : x2
4(
1)
0 . )
) =(
.)
2
1
-2)(
-2)
64 .
2
2
31. :
) x 2
2| | 3
) 3
) x 2
| | 2
5| | 4
)
3(| | 1)
0
2
| 6 | 40
x2
3| |
32. :
)
5
4
4
2
10
9
2
) 4
17
33. :
)
) 16
8
15
) 8
0
4
17
16
34. :
)
2(2
1) 15
35. :
) (
) (
) (
5)2
2
1)2
5)2
2(
7(
3| 5
5) 3
2
) (2
1) 10
| 10
) (
) 5
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
1)2
1)2
3|
1| 4
(2
1) 2
4 |1 2 |
57
36.:
) 1
)
6
2
2
10
4
2
2
4
2
1
1
1
1
20
4
14
2
37.:
1
)
2
1
1
2
4
1
7
.
3
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
58
4
1
,
1 :
, )
(
,
).
: x-3
5
2
10
4
2x-4 x+5
10+x
2x-4
x+5
10+x
<-14
-4
<4 (-1)-4
4
2
4
4
2
4
2x-4-2(x+5)<-4-(10+x)
2x-4-2x-10<-4-10-x
2x-2x+x<-10+10-4+4
x<0
0 <
0>
0<0
0>0
0>
<
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
59
,
.
4-5(x-2)
13-3(x+1)
1-
7-
4
:
4-5(x-2) 13-3(x+1)
4-5+10
-2
-4
13-3-3
-5+3
:
7-
7-
1>
4 1-4
>4
4
2
4
2
-2>7-4
->3
<-3
4-(7-)>2
-3
<-3
(-
()
()
()
()
()
:
-4<2(-1)-3(4-)<11
2(-1)-3(4-)>-4
2+3>-4+14
5>10
2-2-12+3>-4
>2.
2(-1)-3(4-)<11
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
4-7+>2
,-3) .
()
()
13-3-4-10
60
2-2-12+3<11
5<25
<5
:
0
2<<5 x
(2,5)
|()|< |()|
>0
||<
||
-<<
: |1-2|<7
|1-2|<7
-7<1-2<7
2x
2
-8
-2
-8<-2<6
-7-1<1-2-1<7-1
6
2
4>>-3
-3<<4
:
()> ()
||>
||
> <-
: |2+4|>8
2+4>8
2+4<-8
2>8-4
2<-8-4
2>4
2<-12
>2
<-6
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
61
|()|< |()|
|()|> |()|
|()|<0
|()|
|()|>0 x
|()|
0 ()=0
R- x/A(x)=0
0 .
<|()|< ,
<|()| |()|<
.
: 1<|+5|<3
|+5|>3
|+5|>1
-3<+5<3
+5>1 +5<-1
-8<<-2
-8
>-4 <-6
-6
-4
-2
: -8<<-6 -4<<-2
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
62
x2 + x + , 0 :
2
2
2
2 4
) 2 2
2
2 4
4
2
(1)
: 2
4 2
2 ( 2
>0 .
, :
2
2
2
2
2
4 2
2 2
2 2
2
2
= 0 . (1) : 2
, = 0,
.
<0 . || = -, :
2
2
4
2
x , ,
.
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
63
2
2 ++ =24 :
>0 , 1,2
++
2
+
2
=0 , 1,2
++
2
1,2
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
64
,
2
,
2
2
= 0, : 2
<0,
++
2
<0, :
2
2
4
2
x.
.
2
2 ++<
++
2 ++
2 ++>0 2
0:
( )
,
.
) 2+3-10>0 ) -2+2-1<0
) 2+4+16<0 ) 22-4+3>0
)2+2+1
) 2+3-10>0 , =32-4 1
x1,2
49
2
(-10)=49
3 7 =-5 =2
1
2
2
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
) 32+2+4>0
65
+3-10
2
.x
(-
(2,+
, =2 -4(-1)(-1)=4-4=0
2
1
2( 1)
x1,2
- +2-1
2
+ -
) - +2-1<0
,-5)
-5
(-
,1)
(1,+
1
).
) 3 +2+4<0 , =2 -4 3 4=4-48=-44<0
,
=3>0 .
3 +2+4
.
2
4
2 1
x1,2
+4+16
+
.
2
) 22-4+3>0
-2
+
, =(-4)2 -4 2 3=16-24<0
=2>0 .
+
2 -4+3
+
2
) +2+1
0 , =2 -4 1 1=4-4=0
2
2 1
x1,2
-1
+2+1
+
+
,
2
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
66
2++>0 ( )
:
<0 ( ) >0 ( )
2++<0 (
) :
<0 ( ) <0 ( )
2++
0 :
0 >0
2++
0 :
0 <0
1. (-2)-2+2-3
R.
(-2) -4(-2)(2-3)
42-4(22-3-4+6)
2
-4 +28-24
2
- +7-6
(-2)<0
<2
(1)
0( +4)
=72-4(-1)(-6)=49-24=25
7
25
2( 1)
1,2
7
2
5 =1 =6
1
2
1
6
- +7-6
- +
1 6 (2) (1) (2)
2
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
1 (-
,1].
67
2. 42+4(2-1)+4-3>0 R.
<0
[4(2-1)]2-4(4-3)4<0
4>0
16(2-1)2-16(4-3)<0
(2-1)2 (4-3)<0 ( +16)
42-4+1-4+3<0
42--3<0
=(-1)2-4(-3)4=1+48=49
1,2
49
2 4
42--3
6
8
3
4
2
1
-
+
+
3 <<1 ( 3 ,1) .
4
4
()()......()<0 ()().....()>
:
( ) (),(),.......() .
()().......() .
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
68
(-2)(2+6+9)(2-3-4)(2-+2)<0
:
-2=0
=2
,=0 =-3
,=25 =-1 =4
,=-7<0
+6+9=0
-3-4=0
--2=0
-2
2
-3-4
2+6+9
2--2
(-
-3
+
+
+
-
,-3)
(-3,-1)
-1
+
0
+
+
(2,4) .
2
-
4
+
+
+
+
+
-
+
+
-
A(x)
>0
B(x)
+
+
+
+
+
A(x)
<0
B(x)
, :
A(x) >0
()()>0 ,
B(x)
A(x)
<0
B(x)
()
()()<0 , ()
:
.
:
)
x-3
x2 3x 10
(x+2)(x2 9)
x2 2x 3
) :
x2
3x
10
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
-2
0
( A(x)
B(x)
A(x)
B(x)
0)
69
x-3
x2 3x 10
3x
(-3)(x
10)
=3 2-3-10=0
-3=0
-3-10
-3
( -
=5 =-2
-2
+
-
3
+
,-2)
5
-
(3,5).
)
2+2-3
-3 .
(x+2)(x2 9)
x2 2x 3
(x+2)(x2
9)(x2
2x
3)
+2
2-9
2+2-3
( -
,-3)
-3
+
+
-
0
0
(-3,-2]
-2
- 0
(1,3].
1
+
+
3
+
0
+
0
+
+
+
-
-3 1
.
A(x)
B(x)
...
:
( ).
A(x) ,
B(x)
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
70
2x-1
x2 4
: )
1 )
4
x+1
x
x 1
10
x2 1
) 2-4
2x-1
x2 4
2x-1
-1
x2 -4
2x-1-x2 +4
x2 -4
2
- +2+3
2-4
2x-1
x2 4
-x2 2x 3
x2 4
-2
+
-
x2 4
x2 4
2
(-x
-1
+
(-2,-1]
2x
2
0
3
+
+
+
+
-
2
3)(x
4)
+
0
+
-
(2,3]
-2 2
.
) 2-1
4
x+1
10
2
x
1
4(-1)
(x+1)(-1)
x
x 1
1
4
x+1
10
(x-1)(+1)
4(-1)-10+(+1)
(x+1)(-1)
10
(x+1)(-1)
(+1)
(-1)
x
x 1
4(-1)
10
(+1)
+
(x+1)(-1) (x-1)(+1) (-1)
4-4-10+2 +
(x+1)(-1)
2 +5-14
(x+1)(-1)
(2 +5-14)(-1)(+1)
2+5-14=0
=-7 =2
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
-1=0
=1 +1=0
=-1
71
+5-14
-1
+1
+
+
-7
o
-1
-
1
o
(-
,-7]
o
+
(-1,1)
[2,+
2
+
+
-
+
o
+
+
+
+
-1 1
.
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
72
1. : ) 3( 2) 5( 1) 3 2( 3)
)
)
3 5
3 2
3 5
) 3
4
2
10
1
4
2.
:
) 3( 1) 2
1 2( 3) 2
1
2
4 4
4
8
) 1
) 3
)
1 2 1
20 3 30
6
2
2
7
7
4 3
6
5
15
4 2 4
3. :
) 3 5 1 7 5 ) 2( 1) 3
) 5 4( 2)
)
)
2( 3) 5(2 ) 4
4 2
2( 1)
3
5( 3)
6
3( 1)
3 2
2
4. :
) 3
x 1
3
1 ) x 4 5
) x 1 2 x 2
2 x4 4
3
5x 5 6 ) 2 x 1 2
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
15 x 2 9
2
6x 3
8
8 x2 7
4x 8 3
5
73
5.:
x5
) 1
2 x 1 5 ) 5 3x 1
3 ) 3
8 ) 4 6 2 x 10
6.:
) x 4 x 1
0 ) 4 x 2 3x ) 3
x 3
x2
2
7. :
) f ( x)
x2
5x 2
5x 2
) f ( x)
) f ( x)
) f ( x) 4 x 20
x 3
x 13
x 2 2x 1
) f ( x)
x 6
) f ( x)
x 3
) f ( x)
x 3
) f ( x)
x 5
x 2 6 x ) f ( x)
3 x
1
x6
2
) f ( x)
x 2x x 9
2
1
5 x
x3
8. :
) x2
2x 3
) 3x2
4x
) x2
) 3x2
) x2
0
4
) x2
3x
4x
0 ) x2
8x 16
4
4
0
0
2x 3
) x2
4 x 12
) 2 x 2
4x
) 3x2
3x 1 0
0.
6x 3
9.:
)
)
0 )
) 2
) 2
0 )
5
2
0 )
10.:
)
) 4(
5) (
4)(
4)
) 2(
3)(
1)2
3) (
11. :
)
)
)
2
2
4
5
5
4
0
0
2
2
4
2
0 )
)
0
8
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
0.
2
2
0
0
2
2
0
0
74
12. :
) 3
) 4(
1)
7)
2(2
13.
5)
50
14
5 26.
14.a :
) f ( x)
x2
) f ( x)
) f ( x)
) f ( x)
x2
7x
3x 10
.
4x 3
15. , f
:
) f ( x)
x2
3x 10 )
f ( x)
3x 2
4.
4x
16. , f
:
) f ( x)
x2
3x
4 ) f ( x)
2 x2
3x
5.
17. , f
g:
) f ( x)
) f ( x)
4 x 6 g ( x)
x2
x2
4x
8 g ( x)
2x 3
x2
3x
4.
18. x 2
3)
0 2
.
19 .
x2
5)
1) x2
.
20. (
0,
.
21.
.
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
x2
3)
0,
75
22 . 4
4(2
3)
1)
4 3
.
23. :
2)
0.
24. :
) (
4)(
2)(
) (
3)
3
) (
0 ) (
10)
3)(
4)(
0
2)
25.:
)
6)(
) (16
2)
)(4 2 )(
1)
(9
)(2
26. :
2
4
)
2
0 )
5
1
0 )
1
4
3
2
0 )
25
0.
27.:
)
(
2
2)(9
2
0 )
1)(
2
6)
0 )
3)(
2
1)
4
28.:
)
)
5
2
1
1
4
2
1
8
1
4
2
1.
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
5
2
1 )
3
3
13
2
76
5
A
: *
R.
a: *
H
:
+1,.-1,
.
(.)
: ,
.
.
+1=+
- . :
+1-=
=1+(-1)
=1+(-1)
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
77
. : ,, .
:
2=+
+
2
, ,
, :
, , ,
, , .
: ,,
:
1. ,
+
2
+ +......+
2. O 1,2,3,........., 1 2
.
2
. :
- ,
: S =
( + )
1
,
, : S =
[2 +(-1)] .
1
.
i) - , +1
+1- .
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
78
S :
S-1
ii) S =1 +2 +....+-1 +
S =S-1 +
S -S-1
.
. : ) =3-5 .
) ()
2
S =2 - , ..
) +1 +1=3(-1)-5=3-2.
+1- =3-2-(3-5)=3-2-3+5=3
. =3 =1: 1 =-2
) S-1 =2 -1
=S -S-1
2
-(-1)=2 -5+3
2
2
=2 --(2 -5-3)
+1=4(+1)-3=4+1
=4-3
+1-=4+1-(4-3)=4
. =4 1 =1
.
.
=1+(-1) 1,.
.
. 7 9, 4
9 16. .
= +6
7 1
+ =16
4 9
+6=9
1
1 +3+1 +8=16
+6=9
1
21 +11=16
3
1
=2
,
,, .:
i.
, 1=, +2=
ii.
=1+(-1)
.
iii.
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
79
.
7 2 50
..
50=2+8
8=48
=6.
2,8,14,20,26,32,38,44,50.
.
i.
1, 3,5,...... .
=2
ii.
2, 4,6,...... .
=2 .
.,
i.
. :
.....,-3,-2,-,,+,+2,+3,......
ii.
.
-, +
:
.....,-5,-3,-,+,+3,+5,......
.
) .
20 -560.
) .
4 105.
) : -2,-,,+,+2
-2+-+++++2=20
(-2)(-)(+)(+2)=-560
4(16-2)(16-42)=-560
5=20
=4.
(4-2)(4-)4(4+)(4+2)=-560
16(16-2)(4-2)=-560
(16-2)(4-2)=-35
4-202+99=0.
2= 2-20+99=0
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
80
2
=11 =9
11
=
11
.
2
9
= 3 . =3 =4 -2,1,4,7,10
=-3 =4 10,7,4,1,-2
-2,1,4,7,10
) -3,-,+,+3
-3+-++++3=4 4=4 =1
(-3)(-)(+)(+3)=105 (2-92)(2-2)=105 94-102-104=0
26
2 =
2=4 = 2
9
=2 =1 -5,-1,3,7
=-2 =1 7,3,-1,-5
-5,-1,3,7
: ,
. .
+1
- . :
+1
=1-1
, =1-1
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
81
. 1
0( 0)
0( 0)
. : ,, .
:
2=
, , ,
, , , 0 2 = ,
, ,
.
.
: , ,
, 2 =
,.
4 . ,,, 2= 2=
=.
. :
S =
1
-1
-1
. 1 , :
- - -
1
1 = +1 1 = 1
S =
=
1 -1
-1
-1
-1
-1
(1)
(1)
(2)
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
82
(2) (1) :
, 1, :
: -1,
Sv = 1 1.
.
- , +1
+1
S :
S-1
S =1 +2 +....+-1 +
S =S-1 +
S -S-1
.
.
+1
3
) - =
.
-1
2
. 1,.
) S=2(3-1).
. 1,.
) +1 =
+1
+2
3
+1 = 2
+1
3
-1
2
+2 -1
3
2
+1
3
2
. =
+2
3
.
+2-(+1) -(-1)
3
2
-1
3 2
3
2
3
1=9
2
) -1 S-1=2(3-1-1)
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
83
-1
4 +1
3
3
4
3
3
+1
3 .
3 . . =3 1=4.
, ,
.,:
1,2,...., .
. , 1,2,....,,.
1= +2= +2=1+1
+1
=+1
+1 ,
=1-1
.
.
2
9
162 5 ,
1,2,3,4,5
. 1=
7=162
16=162
=3 :
=-3 :
2
9
2
9
7=162 , :
6=162
6=729
2 2
, ,2,6,18,54,162
9 3
2
9
,-
2
3
,2,-6,18,-54,162
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
3.
2
9
, 1,2,3,4,5,162
84
.
() . ,:
1,3,5,....., .
=2.
2,4,6,....., .
=2.
1,2,3,..... . =
.,
., .
2
: .....,
,
, ,,, ,....
3
2
.,
2 .,
3
.....,
,
, ,, ,....
5 3
.
) 3 .
8, 21/8.
) 4 .
64, .
,,
=8
=2
21
2 2 2
=2 =4:
=2 =
1
4
1
2
21
8
2
4 +4+4=21
2
4 -17+4=0
=4 =
1
4
,2,8
: 8,2,
1
2
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
1
2
,2,8
85
1. 15 : 7, 15, 23, 31, ..
2. () : 8 = 22 14 = 40.
.
3. 2 92.
20 .
4. 1 = 23, = - 2 = 5.
S.
5. : 1 = 3, = 4 S = 136.
.
6. : 1 = 1, = 25 S = 91. .
7. ( ) :
1 42 + 43 5 = 0
8. . : 4+12=0 7+19=-30.
:
) ,
) =.
9. . 3+4+12=10 13 8.
:
) ,
) 23
) =2.
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
86
10. R + 1 2 + 3
1 .
11.
16. .
12. , :3+, 2(-), -5,
.
13. ,, .
(+)2-2 , (+)2-2, (+)2-2.
14. ,, :
+
+
+
+
.. :
2 , 2 , 2
.
15. :
)1+4+7+....+94 )-5-1+3+7+....+135
)-6-9-12-.....-114
16. :
) 50 3.
) 40 5.
) 21 153.
) 5 31 206.
17. . 16 50, 6 11
40. 31 .
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
87
25
24
27. :
) (x + 2) + (x + 4) + (x + 6) + .. + (x + 60) = 1050
) 1 + 7 + 13 + .. + x = 280, x >0
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
88
28. 20 .
. 1
16 , 7 28 .
) 10 ;
) 4 10 ;
) 6 , 9
, 12 ,
;
) ;
29. 12
1200/m2 100/m2
.
) m2 ;
) 82 m2 ;
) 200 m2,
;
30. . 1=48 5=3. 5 .
31. . 6=-108 3=4. :
)
) 5
32. : 1 = 6, = 2 = 3072. .
33. x R :
.
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
x 1 ,
5x 1 ,
x 3
89
34. , , 23-2 , ., ,,
0,
, , , ..
35. 7
192,96,48,......
36. :
)5+10+20+....+640
)4-8+16-.....-8192
37. x, , z 147, x, , z
, x, z,
.
38. :
) 3 + 32 + 33 + .. + 3x = 120, x N*
) 1 + x + x2 + x3 + .. + x39 = 0
39. 21
27.
40. - =3 2.
) .
.
) 6 .
41. - = 24-, R .
) .
) 7 127, .
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
90
42. 2 486 4 ,
.
43.
42 512.
44. 4
4096 .
45. .
) 10 ,
6 .
)
33 . 10 .
i. 20 .
ii.
;
46.
.
20 .
) 7 ;
) 5 ;
) 7
1000 ,
.
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
91
47.
.:
)4,2,1,...
)9,-3,1.... )18,12,8,...
50.)
2+|x| (2+|x|)2
x
2
x +1
+.....=
2|x|
3
1
2
x
x
) :
+
2
2
x +1 x +1
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
x
+
2
x +1
3
+......=
2
3
92
:
()
.
,:
y f(x) f .
, y .
=f(A) .
:
f:
f(x)
f:
, :
A
A
( ),
f(x) ( ).
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
93
:f()=+-1-1+......+1+0
, =
: f(x)=
P(x)
() Q(x) ,
Q(x)
/ Q(x)
={
0}
: f(x)= A(x) ,
A= x
/A(x) 0
: f(x)=
:
A= x
1
A(x)
/A(x)>0
:
,
,
.
: :
) f(x)=
x-5
1
3-x-2
) f(x)= 2x-6+x-1 ) f(x)=
) f(x)= x+22
x-3
2x+8
x +2x-3
) 2+2-3
=
-3.
-{-3,1}
) 2-60
[3,+
26
) 3-0
3 2+8>0
2>-8
>-4
-4<3.
=(-4,3].
) +20
-2 -3
3.
=[-2,3)
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
(3,+
).
94
().:
f(x)=
3x-2,
a 1
-x2 +2x+8,
<1
,
,:
=(-
,1]
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
(1,+
)=
95
1. :
3x 2
f ( x)
12 4 x
1
f ( x) 2
x 4
x
3x 6
) f ( x) 3
x 1
x 1
2x 3
4
) f ( x) 2
2
4x 9 x 4x 3
5x 3
x2
) f ( x) 4
) f ( x)
x 27 x
16 x 6 x 2
)
f ( x)
x2 9
f ( x) 2
x 3x 4
2x 3
4
x 3x 4 x 3
5x 3
) f ( x) 3
x 4x2 4x
) f ( x)
2..:
) f ( x)
x2
5x 2
5x 2
) f ( x)
) f ( x)
) f ( x) 4 x 20
x 3
x 13
x 2 2x 1
) f ( x)
x 6
) f ( x)
) f ( x)
x 3
) f ( x)
x 5
x 2 6 x ) f ( x)
x 3
3 x
1
x6
2
) f ( x)
x 2x x 9
2
1
5 x
x3
3.:
2
f(x)= x -4x-5
2
f(x)= 2x -4x+3
2
f(x)= 9-x
f(x)=
f(x)=
x+2
x2 -7x
f(x)=
2x-1
-2x2 +x+6
5-x
2
9x -6x+1
4.:
f(x)=
2
-x +3x+10
x-2
3
f(x)= x2 -x-2+ -x2 +2x+15
3 2
x +2x-3
f(x)=
x2 -16
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
f(x)=
-x2 -3x+10
x2 +4x+3
96
5. :
f(x)=
2x-5,
x 0
-x2 +3, x 0
) f;
) :
)f(-3) )f
5
2
)f(-1) )f(0) )f
1
2
)f( - 3 ).
6. :
3x-1,
x<1
f(x)= -x+3 1 x 2
0
x 2
a) f ;
) :
f(-1), f
1
2
, f(5), f(2).
7. f(x)=x2-4x+5.
) f;
) :
)f(-2)
)f(0) )f(5).
) :
)f(-3a)
)f(2a2) )f(a-)
) f(x)=2
8. :
f(x)=ax- x+3
f(6)=9.
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
97
a)Na f.
) f(-2) f(13).
9. f:
:
f(x+2)=3f(2)-2(x-3)
. :
) f(2)
) f() .
10. f:
:
f(2-1)=42-6 -f(3)
. :
) f(3)
) f() .
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
98
-
: yy
y,
, .
yy .
(,) ,
.
yy xy
.
y=0,
(,0).
yy =0,
(0,y).
(x,y) ,:
y=0
yy =0.
(0,0).
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
99
4 ,
:
(,y) :
1 , ,y>0.
2 , <0 y>0.
3 , ,y<0.
4 , >0 y<0.
(,) ,:
(-,) yy.
(,-) .
(-,-) (0,0).
(,)
y=x.
A
(1,y1) (2,y2) , (
) :
= (x2 -x1 )2 +(y2 -y1 )2
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
100
1. (2+4,3-) .
.
2.
: )( a 2 9 , a 2 2a 3 ) )(||-2, a 2 5a 6 )
)( |2-5|-3 ,|-3|-2).
3. (3,5) (-1,2)
(-1,-2)
:) ) yy ) )
1 3 .
4. (2-7,3-y) (-5,1). ,y ,
: ) ) yy )
) 1 3 .
5. :
)(2,4) (5,8) )(-3,-4) (3,4) )(-5,1) (7,6) )(-7,-3) (-3,0)
6. (-1,-2) (,1) =5.
7. (1,4) ,(5,2) (-2,-2)
.
8. (-2,3) (1,5).
) .
) .
) .
9. (2,6) 10.
10. yy (-2,1)
13 .
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
101
: f A
y, (,f(x)),
f.
H f Cf.
: (,) f
, : f()=
;
f
f(x). f
. (
) f .
. (
).
:
y=f(x) y=0 f(x)=0
( ) .
yy:
y=f(x) =0. y=f(0)
.
: 0 ,
yy.
:
Cf , yy
( ).
Cf f(x)>0 k f(x)<0.
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
102
. ) f(x)=2x-4.
)
:
)
: f(x)=0
2x-4=0
2x=4
x=2.A (2,0).
yy: =0 f(0)=-4.A
yy B(0,-4).
) Cf f(x)>0
2x-4>0
2x>4
x>2.
Cf f(x)<0
2x-4<0
2x<4
x<2.
f (2,+
(-,
2).
f,g Cf,Cg ,:
f(x)=g(x), Cf,Cg .
f(x)>g(x), Cf Cg.
f(x)<g(x), Cg Cf.
.
f(x)=x2+8x-12
g(x)=-x2+2x+8.
f(x)=g(x)
x2+8x-12=-x2+2x+8
2x2+6x-20
x=2 =-5 .
=2 f(2)=8 =-5 f(-5)=-27
(2,8)
(-5,-27).
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
103
1.
:
) f ( x) 2 3 4 ) f ( x) | 2 x 5 | ) f ( x)
x6
x 5
) f ( x) 3
x2
x
) f ( x) 4 x ) f ( x) | x 1| | 2 x |
2. :
f(x)=
2x-6,
x 2
2
x -3x-10, x<2
:
) f.
) f .
3.
:
)f(x)=|-2|-|2+1| )f(x)=4-52+4
)f(x)=5+272
)f(x)=5-16.
4. :
f(x)=
(2,-
a
3a
2
x -1 x+1
2
). :
3
) .
) .
) .
5.
f ( x) 2 x 5 g ( x) x 3 .
: ) C f , C g ) :
) C g ) C f C g .
6. f ( x) | x 2 | 5 . : ) C f
. ) C f : )
) .
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
104
7. :
f(x)=x2-x+2
g(x)=x2+x+8
Cf 2, Cg
(-2,2). :
) .
) Cf Cg.
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
105
f(x)=ax+
:
=0, .
: 00<180
:
.
(1,y1) (2,y2) ,
:
=
y2 -y
1
x2 -x1
f(x)=ax+
A - ,0 .
yy (0,).
=0 f(x)=
.
(>0)
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
(<0)
( =0)
106
y=0 .
f(x)=ax
(0,0).
=.
y=ax+.
=1 (=45 ) y=x
.
=-1 (=135 ) y=-x
.
1:y=a1x+1 2:y=a2x+2 , :
1=2 .
1=2 1=2 .
12 =-1 .
) , 1:y=(22+4)-7 2:y=(2+4)+13
.
) , 1:y=(+1)-3 2:y=
-2
2
+4 .
) 22+4=2+4
) +1
-2
2
=-1
2-4+4=0
(+1)(-2)=-2
=0 =1
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
=2
2--2=-2
2-=0
(-1)=0
107
1. y=(+2) +2+8 .
) ) .
2. y=(2-6)+-1 .
) ) .
3. y=(3-)++1 450 .
) ) .
4. :
5
2 1
x2
)f(x)=
)f()=||-2
x2
2 2 x 3
2 x 8 x 3
) f ( x)
)f()=|+2| -|-1|
5. :
) :y=(3-5)+2 :y=4-1
): y=(-3)-1 :y=(5-)+4
) : y=|-3|-2 : y=|3+7|
6. :
) :y=(+1) : y=(+3)-2 ) :y=(+8) : y=(+8) -4
): y=(-1) -2 : y
) : y= 2 2 4
2
3
6 ): y=(-2)-1 : y=
2
3
: y= 3 4 5 .
7. : y=(+3)+5 : y=(+8)+2+1.
: ) ).
8. :
)(-4,0) (0,2) )(0,-2) (3,1) )(0,3) (2,1) )(0,-1) (4,-1)
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108
9. :
) :y=-3+2 (2,-1)
) :y=2+5 (2,-13).
10. :y=2+7
(-4,-1).
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109
-
f,:
f(x)=(x)+c, c>0,
c .( 1)
f(x)=(x)-c, c>0,
c .( 2)
( 1)
( 2)
f,:
f(x)=(x-c), c>0,
c .( 3)
f(x)=(x+c), c>0,
c .( 4)
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110
( 3)
( 4)
:
f, :
f(x)=(x+c)+d, c,d>0
c
d .
f(x)=(x+c)-d, c,d>0
c
d .
f(x)=(x-c)+d, c,d>0
c
d .
f(x)=(x-c)-d, c,d>0
c
d .
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111
1. f
, 1,2 :
1<2, f(1)<f(2)
f ,
( ), .
( 1)
2. f
, 1,2 :
1<2, f(1)>f(2)
f ,
( ), .
( 2)
( 1)
( 2)
3.
.
1,2 1<2
f(1),f(2) ( ).
f(1)-f(2)
1,2 1<2
f(1)-f(2).
f(1)-f(2)>0,
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112
f(1)-f(2)<0, ( ).
1,2 1
=
f(x1 )-f(x2 )
.
x1 -x2
>0, f .
<0, f . ( )
: :
) f(x)=2- x-5
) f(x)=
)f(x)=x2+4x-5 (-2,+
3x+1
( x-2
,2).
) f. 5-0
=(-
,5]
1,2( <
1 2
- >-
1 2
5- >5-
1
2
5- > 5-
1
2
- 5- <- 5-
1
2
) 1,2(- 2,+
2- 5- <2- 5-
1
2
,5].
) 1<2
f(1)-f(2):
f(1)-f(2)=12+4x1-5 -( 22+4x2-5 )= 12- 22+4x1-4x2=( 1-2)( 1+2)+4(1-2)=
( 1-2)( 1+2+4). :
1<2
1-2<0(1)
1,2(- 2,+
1+2+4>0(2)
(1),(2)
( 1-2)( 1+2+4)<0
f(1)-f(2)<0
f (-2,+
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
).
f(1)<f(2).
113
) 1,2( -
,2) 1
f(x1 )-f(x2 )
=
x1 -x2
3x +1 3x +1
1 - 2
(3x1 +1)(x2 -2)-(3x2 +1)(x1 -2)
x -2 x -2
(x1 -2)(x2 -2)
1
2
=
=
x 1 -x2
x -x
1 2
7x2 -7x1
-7(x 1 -x2 )
3x1x2 -6x1 +x2 -2-3x1 x2 +6x2 -x1 +2
=
=
=
(x1 -2)(x2 -2)(x 1 -x2 ) (x1 -2)(x2 -2)(x 1 -x2 )
(x1 -2)(x2 -2)(x1 -x2 )
-7
. 1<2
(x1 -2)(x2 -2)
1-2<0
2<2
<0 f (
:
1 2,
1 2 .
:
f 1 2,
1 2.
f 1 2,
1 2.
(,) (,) ,
(,)
(,) :
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114
A
:
1. f 0,
f(x)f(x0) 0
f(x0) f.
2. f 0,
f(x)f(x0) 0
f(x0) f.
, :
f(x)M f(x) .
f(x)=M f(x)= ,
.
. f(x)=
1.
H f =
:
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
2x
-1
2
x +1
115
f(x)
2x
2
x +1
-1
2x
+1
2
x +1
-1
2
2x+x +1
2
x +1
2
(x+1)
2
x +1
E f (x )
2x
2
x +1
2x
2
x +1
2
2x-x -1
2
x +1
2
-(x-1)
2
x +1
:
f(x)=-1
2x
=-1
2
x +1
f (x )=1
2x
=1
2
x +1
2x
+1=0
2
x +1
2x
2
x +1
1=0
2
2x+x +1
=0
2
x +1
2
2x-x -1
=0
2
x +1
2
(x+1)
=0
2
x +1
2
(x+1) =0
x=-1
2
-(x-1)
=0
2
x +1
2
-(x-1) =0
x=1
f =-1 -1 =1
1.
:
1) f ,:
f(-x)=f(x) .
2) f ,:
f(-x)=f(x) .
,
0. :
(-,)
[-,]
(-
(-
,-) (,+
,-] [,+
)
)
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116
(-,-)
(,)
[-,-]
[,]
a ,a
,
yy.
,
.
;
,
:
0,
.
f(-x),
:
f(-x)=f(x), f ,
f(-x)=-f(x), f .
f(-x)
f(x) f(-x)
-f(x) .
: ,
) -
f(-x)
) f(-x)
-f(x).
, .
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
f(x)
117
1.
:
f(x)=|x|
, g(x)=|x|+2
, h(x)=|x|-2
2.
:
f(x)=|x|
, g(x)=|x-2|
, h(x)=|x+2|
3.
:
a)f(x)=|x| g(x)=|x+2|+1
)f(x)=|x| g(x)=|x-1|-2.
4. :
) f ( x) x3 5x ) f ( x) 2 x x ) f ( x) 12 3x 4 x ) f ( x) 4 x 3
5. f
f ( x) 5 2( x 1)
) f ( x) 1 x 2 ) f ( x) 2 x 4 6
) f ( x) 3( x 5)2 11
8. f(x)=
2
4x -4x+5
2
. f
2
3
4x +3
2.
9. :
2
) f ( x) x 4 2 x 2 ) f ( x) x3 3x ) f ( x) 5 x 4 x ) f ( x) x x
www.georgefrang-math-trip.blogspot.com
118
x2 x
) f ( x) 3
) f ( x) x 3 x 3
x 9x
x2 4
2x 4 x 1
) f ( x)
) f ( x) x 2 4 x 2 x 2 4 x 4
x 3 x 3
) f ( x)
10. f :
f ( y x) f ( y) f ( x) x, y
) f(0) ) .
11. f :
x, y
f ( y x) f ( y x) 2 f ( x) f ( y)
. ) f(0) ) .
12. f:
. :
g(x)=xf(x)-|f(x)|
.
13. f:
. :
g(x)=f(f(x))-x4f(x)
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119
7
f(x)=ax2
: =
: ,
yy.
: ([0,+
,0]
).
: =0 f(0)=0.
:
,
f(x)
A ,
f(x)
: f(x)=ax ,
(0.0) .
f(x)=-ax2
: =
: ,
yy.
: ([0,+
,0]
).
: =0 f(0)=0.
:
,
f(x)
A ,
f(x)
: f(x)=ax ,
(0.0) .
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120
f(x)=ax2 g(x)=-ax2
|| yy (
)
f(x)=
a
>0
x
: =(-
,0)
(0,+
: ,
(0,0).
: y=x y=-x
: ((0,+
,0)
).
: .
:
,
f(x)
A ,
f(x)
0.
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121
( ,
).
0 ,
, f(x)
0 ,
0 , f(x)
( ,
).
: f(x)= a >0
x
, , 1
3 .
f(x)=
a
>0
x
: =(-
,0)
(0,+
: ,
(0,0).
: y=x y=-x
: ((0,+
,0)
).
: .
:
,
f(x)
A ,
f(x)
0.
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122
( ,
).
0 ,
, f(x)
0 ,
0 , f(x)
( ,
).
: f(x)=-
a
x
>0
,
, 2 4 .
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123
1.Na , :
)f(x)=(8-2)2 .
)f(x)=(||-3)2 .
2. , :
)f(x)=(3-)x2 (-
,0].
)f(x)=(||-1)2 [0,+
).
)f(x)=(2+3+2)2 (
-,0]
)f(x)=(62+7+1)2 [0,+
3. , :
a) f(x)=
3+6
) f(x)=
2 5-14
(-
) f(x)=
42 4+1
(0,+
) f(x)=
(0,+
2 4+10
(
).
,0).
,0).
4. , :
) f(x)=
1-|+3|
1 3 .
) f(x)=
2 +4+3
2 4 .
5. :
a)f(x)=x2
g(x)=x2+1 h(x)=(x-1)2
)f(x)=-x2 g(x)=-x2-2
h(x)=-(x+1)2
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124
6. :
a) f(x)=
4
x
g(x)=
4
x
-3
h(x)=
4
x+1
7. :
f(x)=
|a-1|-1
x
(-2,-1) g(x)=ax2 .
) .
) f g.
8. :
2x -2 x<1
f(x)= 2
x
x 1
) f.
) .
)
.
9. :
x2
f(x)= 1
x
x [-2,1)
x [1,+
) f .
)
.
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125
f(x)=ax2+x+ >0
: =-
: (-
,-
.
2
]
2
,+ ).
2
: = f()= .
2
2
4
To K(,) .
2 4
- :
[-
: ,
f(x)=ax2+x+ >0
:
yy: (0,)
. f(x)=x2-4x+3.
: =
: =-
: ( [2,+
,2]
-4
==2
2
21
).
: =2 f(2)=-1
To K(2,-1)
:
: y=0 f(x)=0
x2-4x+3=0
x=1 =3
(1,0) (3,0).
yy: =0 f(0)=3.
(0,3).
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126
f(x)=ax2+x+ <0
: =-
: (-
,-
]
2
.
2
,+ ).
2
: = f()= .
2
2
4
To K(,) .
2 4
- :
[-
: ,
f(x)=ax2+x+ >0
:
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127
. f(x)=-x2-2x+3
: =-
: (-
,-1]
=-1
2
[-1,+ ).
: = f(-1)=4.
2
To K(-1,4) .
:
: y=0
f(x)=0
-x2-2x+3=0
x=1 =-3
(1,0) (-3,0).
yy: =0 f(0)=3.
(0,3).
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128
.
1. :
)f(x)=x2+4x-2
) f(x)=-x2+6x-4
) f(x)=-4x2+4x-1
2.Na
:
) f(x)=x2-2x-3
) f(x)=2x2+4x+3
) f(x)=-3x2-4
3. f(x)=x2-6x+5.
a)Na .
) .
) .
) .
4. f(x)=-2x2+8x-6.
a)Na .
) .
) .
) .
5. f(x)=x2++ (3,-5).
.
6. f(x)=2+(+2)-2(2-1) =-1.
) ,
) .
7. f(x)=-2+(+2)-2 . :
) ,
) .
8. , :
f(x)=x2+(-2)x-+1
:
)
)yy.
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129
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