ABSTRACT Nowadays automation is being used in each and every field to reduce Workforce and to improve cost efficiency.

In present scenario we use Switches like SPST to control fans, lights etc. And we know electricity conservation is the need of the hour. Manually operated switches when forgot to switch it off by a person who was there in the hall wastes more energy. To avoid this conditions we can automate where more power consuming apparatus are used so that it can be sensed and made ON and OFF depending upon requirement. In this project we automate all electric equipments present in a room, it is done from PC using a specific Software and Hardware arrangement. Normally, for automation purpose PLC, PAC are employed but as it has less inbuilt memory and high cost involved in it in it ,so we use LabVIEW software and ELVIS II for performing this task, as the System memory is being used by this. In this project we create a prototype of room to be automated which consists of lights, fans, ACs and LCD projector. Temperature sensor switches or opts for whether fan or AC units to be switched ON. While LCD projector is used for presentation, automatically all lights are switched off. Moreover lights and fans are switched ON depending on the present position of the persons in the hall.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO.

ABSTRACT LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 1 2 3 INTRODUCTION SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT LITERATURE REVIEW 3.1 CHOOSING PROPER PLATFORM 3.1.1 MANUAL SWITCH OPERATED SYSTEM 3.1.2 AUTOMATE USING PLC SYSYTEM 3.1.3 LabVIEW BASED AUTOMATION 3.2 METHODS FOR DETECTING PERSONS 3.2.1 IMAGE PROCESSING TECHNIQUE 3.2.2 THERMOPILE ARRAY DETECTION 3.2.3 USE IR SENSORS 3.2.4 PIEZO ELECTRIC SENSOR

i vi vii ix 1 2 3 3 3 4 6 7 7 8 10 11

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CHAPTER NO. 4

TITLE LabVIEW PLATFORM 4.1 INTRODUTION 4.1.1 MEASUREMENT & ANALYSIS 4.1.2 ADVANCED CONTROL 4.1.3 COMMUNICATION 4.1.4 HMI/SCADA 4.2 BASICS OF LabVIEW 4.3 VIRTUAL INSTRUMENTS 4.4 ADVANTAGES OF LabVIEW

PAGE NO. 13 13 14 14 14 15 15 16 18 20 20 20 20 21 21 21 23 23 25

ELVIS-II 5.1 NI ELVIS 5.2 PLATFORM FEATURES 5.3 TWELVE INTEGRATED INSTRUMENTS IN ELVIS 5.4 RECOMMENDED SOFTWARE 5.5 DRIVER SOFTWARE 5.6 OVERVIEW 5.7 NI ELECTRONICS EDUCATION PLATFORM 5.8 NI ELVISmx DRIVER AND LabVIEW ACCESSIBLITY 5.9 NI ELVIS FACILATATES PLUG IN BOARDS

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CHAPTER NO. 6

TITLE TEMPRATURE SENSORS 6.1 TEMPRATURE SENSORS 6.1.1 LM-35 TEMPERATURE SENSOR 6.1.2 DESCRIPTION 6.1.3 FEATURES 6.1.4 PIN DIAGRAM 6.1.5 BLOCK DIAGRAM 6.1.6 APPLICATIONS

PAGE NO. 27 27 27 27 28 29 30 32 33 33 34 35 36 37 37 37 40 40 42 44 44 45 47

PIEZO ELECTRIC SENSORS 7.1 INTRODUCTION 7.2 COMPARISON OF SENSING PRINCIPLES 7.3 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION 7.3.1 TRANSVERSE EFFECT 7.3.2 LONGITUDINAL EFFECT 7.3.3 SHEAR EFFECT 7.4 SENSOR DESIGN

BLOCK DIAGRAM AND MODELS 8.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF MODULE 8.2 MODEL OF HALL TO BE AUTOMATED

ELECTRO MAGNETIC RELAY 9.1 INTRODUCTION 9.2 RELAY SPECIFICATION 9.3 WORKING OF RELAY

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CHAPTER NO.

TITLE

PAGE NO. 48 50 51 51 51 52 52 52 52 53 53 53 54 55 57 57 59 59 59 60 63 64 65
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9.4 TYPICAL DIAGRAM FOR ELECTRO-MAGNETIC RELAY 9.5 APPLICATION EXAMPLES 9.6 PRECATIONS 9.6.1 HANDLING 9.6.2 INSTALLATION 9.6.3 CLEANING PCB TERMINALS 9.6.4 CONNECTING 9.6.5 RATED CURRENT FLOW 9.6.6 OPERATING COIL 9.7 DIN TRACK MOUNTING ADAPTER & FRONT CONNECTING SOCKET 9.7.1 DIN TRACK MOUNTING 9.7.2 SCREW MOUNTING 10 ULN-2003 10.1 FEATURES 10.2 PRECAUTIONS FOR USING 10.3 IC USAGE CONSIDERATIONS 10.4 POINTS TO REMEMBER ON HANDLING OF ICs 10.4.1 HEAT RADIATION DESIGN 10.4.2 BACK EMF 11 12 LabVIEW GRAPHICAL CODING CONCLUSION REFERENCE AND BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDIX

LIST OF TABLES TABLE NO 7.1 9.1 10.1 TITLE COMPARISON OF SENSING PRINCIPLES CONTACT SYMBOLS ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS OF ULN 2003 PAGE NO 34 49 55

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LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE NO 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 5.1 5.2 5.3 6.1 6.2 6.3 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 8.1 8.2 9.1 9.2 TITLE MANUAL SWITCH PLC AND ITS WIRING LabVIEW PANE CAMERA FOR IMAGE PROCESSING THERMOPILE ARRAY IR TRANSMITTER & RECEIVER PIEZO ELECTRIC SENSOR ELVIS-II BOARD BLOCK OR FLOW THROUGH ELVIS-II ELVIS-II OP-AMP DESIGN PIN DIAGRAM OF LM-35 SENSOR BLOCK DIAGRAM OF LM-35 SENSOR CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF LM-35 SENSOR PIEZO ELECTRICITY OF QUARTZ GALLIUM PHOSPHATE SENSING ELEMENTS SENSOR DESIGN OF PRESSURE ACCELARATION SENSOR BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PROJECT MODEL OF HALL TO BE AUTOMATED PICTURE OF ELECTRO-MAGNETIC RELAY BOSCH RELAY 47 38 38 41 42 45 PAGE NO 3 5 6 8 9 10 11 22 23 25 29 30 31 33 36

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FIGURE NO 9.3 10.1 10.2 11.1 11.2

TITLE TYPICAL BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR ELECTRO-MAGNETIC RELAY ULN-2003 PIN CONFIGURATION OF ULN-2003 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF AUTOMATION PROGRAM BLOCK DIAGRAM OF SENSOR

PAGE NO 48 55 56 59 60

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LIST OF ABBREVATIONS S.NO 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. PCPLCELVISPACABBREVATIONS PERSONAL COMPUTER PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER EDUCATIONAL LABORATORY VIRTUAL INSTRUMENTATION SUITE PROGRAMMABLE AUTOMATION CONTROLLER

LabVIEW- LABORATORY VIRTUAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS WORK BENCH LEDCPUDAQFPGAGPSIRNIVILIGHT EMITTING DIODE CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT DATA ACQUISITION FIELD PROGRAMMABLE GATE ARRAY GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM INFRA RED NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS` VIRTUAL INSTRUMENTATION

6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.

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