ECONOMICAL RECOVERY OF ETHYL

ACETATE AND TETRAHYDROFURAN

FROM THE PRODUCTION OF
CEFUROXIME ACID

V.RAGHUNATH
11707203026
N.SESHA GOPALAN 11707203038

INTERNAL GUIDE : S.JENISH

EXTERNAL GUIDE : SATISH

ABOUT ORCHID CHEMICALS &

PHARMACEUTICALS LTD.

Orchid Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals Ltd (Orchid) was established in

1992 as a 100% Export Oriented Unit (EOU). Commencing
operations in 1994, Orchid has achieved amazing and consistent
growth, quantitatively and qualitatively to emerge among the Top-15
companies in the Indian pharmaceutical industry in a short span of
fifteen years of operations.
Orchid has an established end-to-end connected infrastructure for
drug discovery and development. Orchid has two manufacturing sites
for APIs (at Alathur near Chennai and at Aurangabad, near Mumbai)
and three manufacturing sites for Dosage forms (at Irungattukottai
and Alathur in Chennai), besides a world-class R&D centre (at
Sholinganallur, Chennai).
In Alathur, Separation of complex solvent mixtures, residual from
production processes, are done in order to get single high purity
fractions to be reused or to be sold with economical benefit.

Mixture Pre-treatment plant

Multipurpose solvent recovery plant

ABSTRACT

Recovery of complex solvent mixtures in the production of

pharmaceutical components is very complicated.
This is due to the presence of TDS and solvents mixtures having
the tendency to form azeotropes.
Ethyl Acetate and TetraHydroFuran, are the by-products during
the production of cefuroxime acid.
The solvents are recycled & recovered in order to get single high
purity fractions to be reused or to be sold with economical benefit.
Several operations like distillation, flashing, dehydration are
involved here.
The percentage recovery & percentage loss for every operation
involved is studied and estimated.

ETHYL ACETATE

Ethyl acetate is the ester of ethanol and acetic acid; it is

manufactured on a large scale for use as a solvent.
CAS No: 141-78-6
Properties Molecular formula : C4H8O2
Molar mass : 88.105 g/mol
Appearance : colorless liquid
Density : 0.897 g/cm,
Melting point : 83.6 C, 190 K, -118 F
Boiling point : 77.1 C, 350 K, 171 F
Solubility in water : 8.3 g/100 mL (20 C)
Refractive index (nD) : 1.3720
Viscosity : 0.426 cP at 25 C
Vapour density: 3.04
Vapour pressure: 100 mm Hg at 27 C
Flash point: -4 C

TETRAHYDROFURAN

IUPAC name : Oxolane

CAS No.: 109-99-9
Molecular formula : C4H8O
Molar mass : 72.11 g/mol
Appearance : colorless liquid
Density : 0.8892 g/cm3 (g/mL) @ 20 C,
Melting point : 108.4 C (164.75 K)
Boiling point : 66 C (339.15 K)
Solubility in water Miscible Viscosity : 0.48 cP at 25 C
Vapor Density (Air=1): 2.5
Vapor Pressure (mm Hg): 129 @ 20C (68F)
Evaporation Rate (BuAc=1): 8.0
Flash point : 14 C

RECOVERY PROCESS
REMOVAL OF TDS
EA AND THF ENRICHMENT
RECOVERY OF EA
RECOVERY OF THF

PROCESS DESCRIPTION

REMOVAL OF TDS
FLASHING
EA AND THF ENRICHMENT
DISTILLATION
RECOVERY OF EA
DEHYDRATION USING CaCl2
DISTILLATION (THF REMOVAL)
RECOVERY OF THF
DISTILLATION (EA REMOVAL)
DEHYDRATION USING NaOH
DISTILLATION (ANHYDROUS THF RECOVERY)

NOMENCLATURE
EA = Ethyl Acetate
THF = Tetrahydrofuran
OI = Other Impurities
MC = Moisture Content
F = Feed
R = Residue
T = Top Product
B = Bottom Product
V = Vent
CaCl2 = Calcium Chloride
CAS = Chemical Abstract Service

MASS BALANCE

STUDY

Calculation of amount of Feed, Top product, Bottom

Product/Residue in every operation.
Analysis of Composition of the above, in terms of Percentage.
The major components to be separated are Ethyl Acetete &
TetraHydroFuran and other components are termed as Other
Impurities.
The composition is analysed through chromatography, The
peak value is noted.
The amount of EA, THF, OI & MC in Feed, Top product, Bottom
Product/Residue in every operation is calculated.
Loss in flashing/dehydration is mainly by residue.
Loss in distillation is mainly attributed to loss by vent owing to
the fact that the column is closed & continuous.
The percentage recovery of THF & EA for every process is
calculated
The percentage loss of THF & EA for every process is
calculated

TDS REMOVAL
FLASHING

MOTHER LIQUOR = 7530 L

EA = 51 %
THF = 43 %
OI = 6 %
MC = 4 %

TOP PRODUCT = 7150 L

EA = 52 %
THF = 43.5 %
OI = 4.5 %
MC = 4 %

TOP TEMP.=80 OC
BOTTOM TEMP.=100
OC

RESIDUE = 380 L

MASS BALANCE
F=T+R
Fxf = Txt + Rxr
% of EA in Residue :
7530*(51/100) = 7150*(52/100) + 380*(x/100)
3840.3 = 3718 + 3.8x
x = 32.18%

% of THF in residue :
7530*(43/100) = 7150*(43.5/100) + 380*(x/100)
3237.9 = 3110.25 + 3.8x
x = 33.59%
% of OI in residue :
7530*(6/100) = 7150*(4.5/100) + 380*(x/100)
451.80 = 321.75 + 3.8x
x = 34.22%

RESULT
EA

THF

OI

MC

MOTHER LIQUOR (
FEED)
TOP PRODUCT

3840.30

3237.9

451.80

301.20

3718

3110.25

321.75

286

RESIDUE

122.3

127.65

130.35

15.2

Percentage of recovery of EA = ((3718/3840.3)*100) = 96.8%

Percentage of recovery of THF = ((3110.25/3237.9)*100) = 96.05%
Percentage of loss of EA in residue = ((122.3/3840.3)*100) = 3.18%
Percentage of loss of THF in residue = ((127.65/3237.9)*100) = 3.94%

EA AND THF ENRICHMENT

FEED = 7150 L
EA = 52 %
THF = 43.5 %
OI = 4.5%
MC = 4 %

CONTINOUS
COLUMN
TOP TEMP.=64.5 OC
BOTTOM
TEMP.=70OC

TOP PRODUCT = 2281.25 L

EA = 3.5 %
THF = 92.65 %
OI = 3.85 %
MC = 4 %

BOTTOM PRODUCT = 4372.91 L

EA = 78 %
THF = 19.2 %
OI = 2.8 %
MC = 3.6 %

MASS BALANCE
F=T+B+V
Fxf = Txt + Bxb + Vxv

% of EA lost by vent
7150*(52/100) = 2281.5*(3.5/100)+4372.91*(78/100) + 495.86*(x/100)
x = 45.889%
% of THF lost by vent
7150*(43.5/100) = 2281.5*(92.65/100)+4372.91*(19.2/100) + 495.86*(x/100)
x = 31.622%
% of OI lost by vent
7150*(4.5/100) = 2281.5*(3.85/100)+4372.91*(2.8/100) + 495.86*(x/100)
x = 22.484%

RESULT
EA

THF

OI

MC

FEED

3718

3110.25

321.75

286

TOP PRODUCT

79.84

2113.57

87.82

91.25

BOTTOM PRODUCT

3410.61

839.85

122.44

157.42

VENT

227.55

156.83

111.49

37.33

Percentage of recovery of EA = ((3490.45/3718)*100) = 93.83%

Percentage of recovery of THF = ((2953.16/3110.25)*100) = 94.94%
Percentage of loss of EA by vent = ((227.55/3718)*100) = 6.12%
Percentage of loss of THF by vent = ((157.09/3110.25)*100) = 5.05%

EA ENRICHMENT

RECOVERY OF ETHYL ACETATE

DEHYDRATION USING CACL2

FEED = 9500 L + 532 L (MC)

CACL2 = 390 L
EA = 78.5 %
THF = 1.15 %
OI = 6.8%
MC = 5.6 %

PRODUCT = 8950 L
EA = 80 %
THF = 15.2 %
OI = 4.8 %
MC = 1.35 %
DEHYDRATION
USING CaCl2

RESIDUE = 549.35 L + 415.65 L (MC)

MASS BALANCE
F=T+R
Fxf = Txt + Rxr
% of EA in Residue :
9500*(78.2/100) = 8950*(80/100) + 549.35*(x/100)
7429 = 7160 + 5.49x
x = 48.99%
% of THF in residue :
9500*(1.15/100) = 8950*(15.2/100) + 549.35*(x/100)
1425 = 1360.4 + 5.49x
x = 11.76%
% of OI in residue :
9500*(6.8/100) = 8950*(4.8/100) + 549.35*(x/100)
646 = 429.6 + 5.49x
x = 39.415%

RESULT
EA

THF

OI

MC

FEED

7429

1425

646

532

PRODUCT

7160

1360.4

429.6

116.35

RESIDUE

269

64.6

216.4

415.65

Percentage of recovery of EA = ((7160/7429)*100) = 96.37%

Percentage of loss of EA in residue = ((269/7429)*100) = 3.62%

RECOVERY OF ETHYL ACETATE

DISTILLATION (THF REMOVAL)

DISTILLATION
COLUMN
FEED = 8950 L + 116.35 (MC) L
EA = 80 %
THF = 15.2 %
OI = 4.8%
MC = 1.35 %

TOP PRODUCT = 1691 L + 40.58 (MC) L

EA = 7.1 %
THF = 78.5 %
OI = 14.4 %
MC = 2.4 %

TOP TEMP.=64.5 OC
BOTTOM
TEMP.=70.4 OC

BOTTOM PRODUCT = 6809 L + 7.48 (MC) L

EA = 99.46 %
THF = 0.20 %
OI = 0.33 %
MC = 0.11 %

MASS BALANCE
F=T+B+V
Fxf = Txt + Bxb + Vxv
% of EA lost by vent
8950*(80/100) = 1691*(7.1/100)+6809*(99.46/100) + 450.71*(x/100)
x = 59.39%
% of THF lost by vent
8950*(15.2/100) = 1691*(78.5/100)+6809*(19.2/100) + 450.71 *(x/100)
x = 4.29%
% of OI lost by vent
8950*(4.8/100) = 1691*(14.4/100)+6809*(0.33/100) + 450.71*(x/100)
x = 36.30%

RESULT
EA

THF

OI

MC

FEED

7160

1360.4

429.6

116.35

TOP PRODUCT

120.06

1327.43

243.5

40.5

BOTTOM PRODUCT

6772.23

13.61

22.46

7.48

VENT

267.71

19.36

163.34

68.37

Percentage of recovery of EA = ((6892.29/7160)*100) = 96.26%

Percentage of loss of EA = ((267.71/7160)*100) = 3.73%

THF ENRICHMENT

RECOVERY OF TETRAHYDROFURAN
DISTILLATION - (EA REMOVAL)

FEED = 17593 L
EA = 2.13 %
THF = 96.76 %
OI = 1.11 %
MC = 6.3 %

DISTILLATION
COLUMN

TOP PRODUCT = 12660 L

EA = 0.02 %
THF = 99.28 %
OI = 0.7 %
MC = 5 %

TOP TEMP.=64OC
BOTTOM
TEMP.=70OC

BOTTOM PRODUCT = 4030 L

EA = 8.17 %
THF = 89.80 %
OI = 2.03 %
MC = 3.5 %

MASS BALANCE
F=T+B+V
Fxf = Txt + Bxb + Vxv
% of EA lost by vent
17593*(2.13/100) = 12600*(0.02/100)+4030*(8.17/100) + 902.03*(x/100)
x = 59.39%

% of THF lost by vent

17593*(96.76/100) = 12600*(99.28/100)+4030*(89.80/100) + 902.03*(x/100)
x = 92.48%
% of OI lost by vent
17593*(1.11/100) = 12600*(0.7/100)+4030*(2.03/100) + 902.03*(x/100)
x = 2.75%

RESULT
EA

THF

OI

MC

FEED

374.73

17022

195.28

1108.359

TOP PRODUCT

2.53

12568.84

88.62

633

BOTTOM PRODUCT

329.25

3618.94

81.80

141.05

VENT

42.95

834.22

24.86

334.309

Percentage of recovery of THF= ((16187.78/17022)*100) = 95.09%

Percentage of loss of THF = ((834.22/17022)*100) = 4.9%

RECOVERY OF TETRAHYDROFURAN
DEHYDRATION USING CAUSTICS

FEED = 12660 L
EA = 0.035 %
THF = 99.28 %
OI = 0.69 %
MC = 4 %

DEHYDRATION
USING
CAUSTICS
FLAKES

TOP PRODUCT = 12160 L

EA = 0.02 %
THF = 99.33 %
OI = 0.45 %
MC = 0.25 %

RESIDUE = 500.61 L

MASS BALANCE
F=T+R
Fxf = Txt + Rxr
% of EA in Residue :
12660*(0.035/100) = 12160*(0.02/100) + 500.61*(x/100)
4.43 = 2.43 + 5.00x
x = 0.4%
% of THF in residue :
12660*(0.035/100) = 12160*(0.02/100) + 500.61*(x/100)
12568.8 = 12078.5 + 5.00x
x = 98.06%
% of OI in residue :
12660*(0.035/100) = 12160*(0.02/100) + 500.61*(x/100)
87.35 = 79.04 + 5.00x
x = 1.662%

RESULT
EA

THF

OI

MC

FEED

374.73

17022

195.28

1108.359

TOP PRODUCT

2.53

12568.84

88.62

633

BOTTOM PRODUCT

329.25

3618.94

81.80

141.05

Percentage of recovery of THF= ((12078.5/12660)*100) = 96.09%

Percentage of loss of THF = ((490.3/12660)*100) = 3.9%

RECOVERY OF TETRAHYDROFURAN
DISTILLATION (THF RECOVERY)

DISTILLATION
COLUMN
FEED = 8165.4 L
EA = 0.02 %
THF = 99.33 %
OI = 0.65 %
MC = 0.5 %

TOP PRODUCT = 575.42 L

EA = 0.1 %
THF = 96.2 %
OI = 0.7 %
MC = 3.4%

TOP TEMP.=63OC
BOTTOM
TEMP.=68OC

BOTTOM PRODUCT = 7200 L

(ANHYDROUS THF)
EA = 0.017 %
THF = 99.74 %
OI = 0.243 %
MC = 0.04 %

MASS BALANCE
F=T+B+V
Fxf = Txt + Bxb + Vxv
% of EA lost by vent
8165.1*(0.02/100) = 575.42*(0.1/100)+7200*(0.017/100) + 407.73*(x/100)
x = 0.076%

% of THF lost by vent

8165.1*(99.3/100) = 575.42*(96.2/100)+7200*(99.74/100) + 407.73*(x/100)
x = 92.18%
% of OI lost by vent
8165.1*(0.65/100) = 575.42*(0.7/100)+7200*(0.243/100) + 407.73*(x/100)
x = 7.7389%

RESULT
EA

THF

OI

MC

FEED

1.63

8110.69

53.07

40.82

BOTTOM PRODUCT

1.224

7181.28

17.496

19.56

TOP PRODUCT

0.09

553.55

4.02

2.88

Percentage of recovery of THF= ((7734.83/8110.69)*100) = 95.36%

Percentage of loss of THF = ((375.86/8110.69)*100) = 4.6%

ENERGY BALANCE

STUDY
Calculation of amount of Feed, Top product, Bottom
Product/Residue in every operation.
Analysis of Composition of the above, in terms of
Percentage.
The energy supplied initially calculated.
The energy out with the product is also calculated.
The difference between the energy in and energy out is
the energy lost.
Energy loss is due to 3 reasons Barebody losses,
Insulation losses, Natural condensation.

EA - 52% = 341.3
THF - 43.5% = 285.51
MC - 4% = 38.59

TDS REMOVAL
TOP TEMP =
83.2 C
84.5
- 35

EA - 52% = 2987.4
THF - 43.5% = 2499.1
MC - 4% = 239.38

6969.76 Kg
EA - 51% = 3417.86
THF - 43% = 2881.73
MC - 4% = 301.20

83.2
- 55

BOTTOM
TEMP = 84.5

83.2
- 50

ENERGY BALANCE
m+mCpT
ENERGY IN:

Qf = (6294.59*0.5*49.5) + (3417.86*87.6) + (2881.73*98) + (268.068*19.5) + (268.08*540)

Qf = 895755.014 KCal
ENERGY OUT:
Qc1 = (5486.5*0.5*28.2) + (2987.4*87.6) + (2499.1*98) + (239.38*28) + (239.38*540)
Qc1 = 719983.406 KCal

Qc2 = (626.81*0.5*33.2) + (341.30*87.6) + (285.51*98) + (38.54*33.2) + (38.54*540)

Qc2 = 90402.64 KCal
Qc1 +Qc2 = 810386.1 KCal

RESULT
Qf (Qc1 + Qc2) = 85368.91 Kcal
The net loss in flashing stage is 85368.91 Kcal

EA THF ENRICHMENT

TOP TEMP.=64.5
OC

64 - 55

64 - 50

CONTINOUS
COLUMN

77.8
- 35

79
77

BOTTOM
TEMP.=70OC

55
35
78
55

ENERGY BALANCE
m+mCpT
ENERGY IN:
Qf = (1152*0.5*42.8) + (599.04*87.6) + (501.12*98) + (48*1*42.8) +
(48*540)

Qf = 154170.6 KCal
Qr = (4369.92*0.5*7.2) + (152.32*87.6) + (4048.7*98) + (182.08*7.2) +
(182.08*540)
Qr = 525449.32 Kcal
Qi = Qf+ Qr = 679619.38 KCal

ENERGY BALANCE
ENERGY OUT:
Qc1 = (4320*0.5*9) + (151.5*87.6) + (4002.4*98) + (180*9) + (180*540)
Qc1 = 523740.3 KCal
Qc2 = (480*0.5*14) + (16.8*87.6) + (444.72*98) + (120*14) + (120*540)

Qc2 = 59494.24 KCal

Qc3 = (430.08*0.5*20) + (17.92*20)
Qc3 = 8960 KCal
Qphe = (966*0.5*23) + (36.072*23)
Qphe = 11938.6 KCal

Qo = Qc1 +Qc2 +Qc3 +Qphe = 604133.196 KCal

RESULT
Qi Qo = 75486.184 Kcal
The net loss in EA & THF enrichment is 75486.184 Kcal

EA ENRICHMENT

THF REMOVAL
TOP TEMP.=68
OC

68 - 55

68 - 50

CONTINOUS
COLUMN

78 35

80
72

BOTTOM
TEMP.=80OC

55
35
80
55

ENERGY BALANCE
m+mCpT
ENERGY IN:
Qf = (1183*0.5*43) + (947.4*87.6) + (179.93*98) + (16.2*43) +
(116.2*540)
Qf = 135521.68 KCal
Qr = (4694.56*0.5*8) + (333.31*87.6) + (3685.22*98) + (115.44*8)
+ (115.44*540)
Qr = 472388.876 Kcal

Qi = Qf+ Qr = 607910.566 KCal

ENERGY BALANCE
ENERGY OUT:
Qc1 = (4392*0.5*13) + (311.8*87.6) + (3447.92*98) + (1108*1*13) + (108*540)
Qc1 = 453462.24 KCal
Qc2 = (448*0.5*18) + (34.64*87.6) + (351.68*98) + (12*18) + (12*540)

Qc2 = 48227.10 KCal

Qc3 = (185.44*0.5*20) + (4.56*20)
Qc3 = 1945.6 KCal
Qphe = (2746.98*0.5*25) + (3.02*25)
Qphe = 34412.75 KCal

Qo = Qc1 +Qc2 +Qc3 +Qphe = 538047.69 KCal

RESULT
Qi Qo = 69862.56 Kcal
The net loss in THF removal is 69862.56 Kcal

THF ENRICHMENT

EA REMOVAL
TOP TEMP.=63.5
OC

63.8 55

68.3 50

CONTINOUS
COLUMN

71 35

71
63

BOTTOM
TEMP.=69.2OC

55
35

69.2
- 55

ENERGY BALANCE
m+mCpT
ENERGY IN:
Qf = (1124.4*0.5*36) + (23.94*87.6) + (1087.96*98) + (75.6*43) +
(75.6*540)
Qf = 172426.42 KCal
Qr = (3800*0.5*8) + (76*87.6) + (3772.64*98) + (200*8) +
(200*540)
Qr = 494585.2 Kcal

Qi = Qf+ Qr = 667011.716 KCal

ENERGY BALANCE
ENERGY OUT:
Qc1 = (4275*0.5*8.8) + (0.85*87.6) + (4244.22*98) + (225*8.8) + (225*540)
Qc1 = 558078.02 KCal
Qc2 = (475*0.5*13.8) + (0.09*87.6) + (471.58*98) + (25*13.8) + (25*540)

Qc2 = 63345.224 KCal

Qc3 = (950*0.5*20) + (50*20)
Qc3 = 10500 KCal
Qphe = (579*0.5*14.2) + (21*14.2)
Qphe = 4409.1 KCal

Qo = Qc1 +Qc2 +Qc3 +Qphe = 636332.34 KCal

RESULT
Qi Qo = 30679.370 Kcal
The net loss in THF removal is 30679.370Kcal

ANHYDROUS THF RECOVERY

TOP TEMP.=65.3
OC

65.33 55

65.33 50

CONTINOUS
COLUMN

66 35

78
63

BOTTOM
TEMP.=70OC

55
35

70 55

ENERGY BALANCE
m+mCpT
ENERGY IN:
Qf = (1194*0.5*31) + (0.23*87.6) + (1186*98) + (6*31) + (6*540)

Qf = 138181.1 KCal
Qr = (3960*0.5*8) + (3.96*87.6) + (3812.07*98) + (139.4*8) +
(139.4*540)
Qr = 466163.356 Kcal
Qi = Qf+ Qr = 604344.456 KCal

ENERGY BALANCE
ENERGY OUT:
Qc1 = (4347*0.5*10.3) + (4181.81*98) + (4.37*87.6) + (153*10.3) + (153*540)
Qc1 = 516780.5 KCal
Qc2 = (483*0.5*15.3) + (464.64*98) + (1.48*87.6) + (17*540) + (17*15.3)

Qc2 = 58711.8 KCal

Qc3 = (72.45*0.5*20) + (2.55*20)
Qc3 = 775.5 KCal
Qphe = (1199.28*0.5*15) + (0.72*15)
Qphe = 9005.4 KCal

Qo = Qc1 +Qc2 +Qc3 +Qphe = 585273.2 KCal

RESULT
Qi Qo = 19071.2 Kcal
The net loss in THF removal is 19071.2 KCal

POWER CONSUMPTION

STUDY
Power consumption in the recovery process is
mainly due to the usage of agitator in the flashing
and dehydration process.
The power consumed is determined by finding the
capacity of the motor used for agitation.
From the motor capacity, the power consumed for
the specific batch is found out.

REMOVAL OF TDS

Motor capacity = 22 KW
Motor error = 0.75
Batch timing = 10 Hrs
Cost per unit = 4.12 Rs.

22 KW * 0.75 = 16.5 KW
Batch Timing = 10 Hr
16.5*10 = 165 KW/Hr
Cost = 165 * 4.12
Cost = 679.8 Rs.

CACL2 DEHYDRATION

Motor capacity = 22 KW
Motor error = 0.75
Batch timing = 10 Hrs
Cost per unit = 4.12 Rs.

22 KW * 0.75 = 16.5 KW
Batch Timing = 10 Hr
16.5*10 = 165 KW/Hr
Cost = 165 * 4.12
Cost = 679.8 Rs.

NAOH DEHYDRATION

Motor capacity = 22 KW
Motor error = 0.75
Batch timing = 15 Hrs
Cost per unit = 4.12 Rs.

22 KW * 0.75 = 16.5 KW
Batch Timing = 15 Hr
16.5*15 = 247.5 KW/Hr
Cost = 247.5 * 4.12
Cost = 1019.7 Rs.

COST ESTIMATION

STUDY
The cost is estimated by evaluating the cost of
steam, cooling water and power consumed by the
agitator.
The cost incurred by every process is studied.
The cost of all the process is evaluated to find the
money spent for the entire recovery process per
batch.

TDS REMOVAL
Mass of steam = 1658.8 Kg
Cold water (condensor 1) = 238.08 Kg
Cold water (condensor 2) = 29.89 Kg

Cost of steam = 1658.8 * 1.160.6 = 1925.2032 Rs

Cold water (condensor 1) = 238.08 * 9.6 = 2285.65 Rs.
Cold water (condensor 2) = 29.89 * 0.96 = 28.694 Rs.

Power consumed = 679.8 Rs.

Total cost = 4919.3472 Rs.

EA & THF ENRICHMENT

Mass of steam = 1260 Kg
Cold water (condensor 1) = 180.10 Kg
Cold water (condensor 2) = 19.67 Kg

Cost of steam = 1260 * 1.1606 = 1496.4 Rs

Cold water (condensor 1) = 180.10 * 9.6 = 1728.96 Rs.
Cold water (condensor 2) = 19.67 * 0.96 = 18.8832 Rs.
Total cost = 3244.2432 Rs.

EA ENRICHMENT

CACL2 DEHYDRATION
Power consumption cost= 679.8 Rs.
Total Cost = 679.8 Rs.

THF REMOVAL
Mass of steam = 1125 Kg
Cold water (condensor 1) = 161.9 Kg
Cold water (condensor 2) = 15.94 Kg

Cost of steam = 1125 * 1.1606 = 1305.675 Rs

Cold water (condensor 1) = 161.9 * 9.6 = 1554.24 Rs.
Cold water (condensor 2) = 15.94 * 0.96 = 15.3024 Rs.
Total cost = 2875.22 Rs.

THF ENRICHMENT

EA REMOVAL
Mass of steam = 1250 Kg
Cold water (condensor 1) = 189.47 Kg
Cold water (condensor 2) = 20.94 Kg

Cost of steam = 1250 * 1.1606 = 1450.75 Rs

Cold water (condensor 1) = 189.47 * 9.6 = 1818.912 Rs.
Cold water (condensor 2) = 20.94 * 0.96 = 20.1024 Rs.
Total cost = 3289.76 Rs.

NAOH DEHYDRATION
Power consumption Cost = 1019.7 Rs.
Total Cost = 1019.7 Rs.

ANHYDROUS THF RECOVERY

Mass of steam = 1120 Kg
Cold water (condensor 1) = 174.17 Kg
Cold water (condensor 2) = 19.41 Kg

Cost of steam = 1120 * 1.1606 = 1299.87 Rs.

Cold water (condensor 1) = 174.17 * 9.6 = 1672.032 Rs.
Cold water (condensor 2) = 19.41 * 0.96 = 19.6336 Rs.
Total cost = 2991.536 Rs.

TOTAL COST
PROCESS

COST (Rs.)

FLASHING

4919.3472

EA & THF ENRICHMENT

3244.2432

CACL2 DEHYDRATION

679.8

THF REMOVAL

2875.22

EA REMOVAL

3289.76

NAOH DEHDYRATION

1019.7

ANHYDROUS THF REC.

2991.536

TOTAL

19019.6058

THANK YOU