Giao trnh C s Ky thut in I Trang

72
CHUONG 6
MANG MT CUA TUYN TINH
Khai nim :
Trn thc t hay gp nhng thit b trao i nng lng, tn hiu qua mt cp cc
nh may phat in, dung cu o lng ... Nhng thit b, mach co 2 cc o goi la mang
mt ca (hay mang 2 cc)
Vi mang mt ca a bit kt cu, thng s, kch thch th co th tnh ap ng cn
thit theo cac phng phap tnh mach a nu.
Ngi ta quan tm chu yu n qua trnh trao i nng lng, tn hiu trn ca nn
nu mang 1 ca vi cu truc, thng s cu th bn trong th vic lp quan h trn cac
bin trn ca se rt phc tap. Vi muc tiu o cn dn ra m t thng s co tnh toan cuc
c trng cho mang 1 ca, t o m ta qua trnh trao i nng lng, tn hiu t
ca ra ngoai qua cac bin trang thai trn ca. Phng trnh trang thai o chnh la
phng trnh m ta hanh vi, phan ng cua mang mt ca. Qua phan ng o co th bit
ai v mang 1 ca ma khng cn bit cu truc bn trong.
Trn thc t co th gp nhng khi mt ca ch co cha ra 2 cc con khng bit g
v bn trong (nh la hp en). Luc nay nu nh ngha c mt thng s c trng
cho mang 1 ca th co th bng o lng xac nh thng s nay cho hp en. Khi a
bit thng s c trng cu a no th ta co th tm mt mach co cu truc va thng s cu
th thc hin quan h truyn at cua hp en. Vic lam nh vy tc la tng hp
mang mt ca.
Vy vic a ra ly thuyt mang 1 ca la a ra thng s c trng cho no t o
nu ch quan tm n s truyn at nng lng trn ca th ta thay th mang 1 ca
bng thng s c trng lam cho mach in n gian, tin li cho tnh toan, ngoai ra
trn c s a bit thng s c trng ta thc hin bai toan tng hp mach in, tc la
thit k ra nhng mach in vi mt quan h truyn at bit trc.
Co th phn mang 1 ca ra cac loai sau y :
Mang 1 ca tuyn tnh.
Mang 1 ca phi tuyn.
Mang 1 ca khng ngun (con goi la mang 1 ca thu ng).
Mang 1 ca co ngun (con goi la mang 1 ca tch cc).
Trong chng trnh chu yu xet mang 1 ca tuyn tnh co va khng co ngun.
Mang mt cua tuyn tinh khng ngun o ch d xac lp diu hoa.
Phng trnh trang thai :
Mang 1 ca tuyn tnh khng ngun c biu din nh hnh ve (h.6-1). No la
mang 1 ca bn trong khng co ngun, tc la khi ngn mach ca th dong I
ng
= 0, hay
h mach th U
h
= 0.
V mach khng ngun, tuyn tnh iu hoa nn
ap va dong trn ca lin h nhau trong biu thc lut
m cua nhanh khng ngun tc la :
I

tuyn tnh
khng ngun
U

h.6-1
Trng ai Hoc Bach Khoa - Khoa in - B mn Thit b in
Giao trnh C s Ky thut in I Trang
73
.
V
. .
V
.
U . Y I hay I . Z U = = (6-1).
Trong o, Z
V
, Y
V
la thng s c trng cho hanh vi, phan ng cua mang 1 ca.
Z
V
, Y
V
la thng s co tnh toan cuc cua mang 1 ca.
= = =

V
j
V .
.
V
z e . z
I
U
Z la tng tr vao cua mang 1 ca
i u V
;
I
U
z = =
Vy mang 1 ca tuyn tnh khng ngun c c trng bi Z
V
hay cp (z
V
, )
hoc bi Y
V
hay cp (y
V
, - ).
S thay th mang mt ca tuyn tnh khng ngun :
T cac c trng cua mang 1 ca khng ngun :
+ = + = = sin jz cos . z jX R z Z
V V V V

Thy rng co th dn ra s thay th tng ng cho mang 1 ca khng ngun
la mt nhanh co tng tr Z
V
gm in tr R ni tip vi in khang jX nh hnh ve
(h.6-2).
Khi c trng mang mt ca khng ngun bng
tng dn phc :
jb g sin jy cos . y y Y
V V V V
= = =
Th s thay th tng ng luc nay la Y
V

gm in dn g ni song song vi -jb nh hnh ve (h.6-3)
V du : Th nghim phan ng cua mang 1 ca
khng ngun mt tn s c U = 220V, I = 5A, P =
550W, > 0 nh hnh (h.6-4). Hay xac nh s thay
th mang 1 ca o.
T ap, dong, cng sut o c ta xac nh : tng
tr u vao ; 44
5
220
I
U
Z
V
= = = Goc lch pha =
0
60
5 . 220
550
arccos
I . U
P
arccos = =
jX R
I

h.6-2
-jb
h.6-3
g
I

U

Tng tr vao phc : ) ( 38 j 22 60 sin 44 j 60 cos 44 60 44 z Z

0 0 0
V V
+ = + = = =
Vy s thay th nh hnh (h.6-5)
Biu din tng dn phc :
0
0
V
V
60 0227 , 0
60 44
1
Z
1
Y =

= =

A
h.6-4
j38
U

h.6-5
22
W

V
tuyn tnh
khng
ngun
I

U

0114 , 0 j 0196 , 0 Y
V
=
S thay th nh hnh ve (h.6-6) :
Trng ai Hoc Bach Khoa - Khoa in - B mn Thit b in
Giao trnh C s Ky thut in I Trang
74
Mang mt cua tuyn tinh co ngun o ch d
xac lp diu hoa.
Phng trnh trang thai :
Mang 1 ca co ngun c biu din trn
hnh (h.6-7). No la mang 1 ca gm nhng phn t
tuyn tnh bn trong co ngun, tc la khi ngn mach ca th I
ng
0 va khi h mach ca
th U
h
0.
V co ngun nn ap ng ca phu thuc ngun,
vi kch thch iu hoa ta co quan h (4-5) nn quan h
gia va trn ca la quan h bc nht :
.
U
.
I
B I . A U
. .
+ = (6-2) hay (6-3) D U . C I
. .
+ =
Cn xac nh cac h s c trng A, B, C, D.
Vy c trng cho mang 1 ca co ngun la cp h s A, B hoc cp h s C, D.
Ta thy quan h trn phai ung cho moi ch cua mach in nn xet hai ch
c bit dn ra cac h s xac nh A, B :
-j0,0114 0,0196
h.6-6
I

tuyn tnh
co ngun
U

h.6-7
Trng hp khi h mach ca :
h
. . .
U U , 0 I = = thay vao (6-2) ta co :
B 0 . A Uh
.
+ = B = h
.
U
Cac ngun bn trong mang 1 ca la xac nh th la xac nh nn B la xac
nh vi mt mang 1 ca.
h
.
U
Trng hp ngn mach ca :
ngn
. . .
I I , 0 U = = thay vao (6-2) ta co :
B I . A 0 ngn
.
+

= A =
V
ngn
.
h
.
ngn
.
Z
I
U
I
B
= =
Nn ta c dang phng trnh trang thai th nht : (6-4) h
. .
V
.
U I . Z U + =
Xac nh C, D :
Trng hp khi ngn mach ca :
ngn
. . .
I I , 0 U = = thay vao (6-3) ta co :
D 0 . C Ingn
.
+ = D = ; D hoan toan c xac nh vi mang 1 ca co ngun
xac nh.
ngn
.
I
Trng hp khi h mach ca :
h
. . .
U U , 0 I = = thay vao (6-3) ta co :
D U . C 0 h
.
+

= C =
V
V
h
.
bgn
.
h
.
Z
1
Y
U
I
U
D
= = =
Ta c dang phng trnh trang thai th hai : (6-5) ngn
. .
V
.
I U . Y I + =
Trng ai Hoc Bach Khoa - Khoa in - B mn Thit b in
Giao trnh C s Ky thut in I Trang
75
S tng ng va cac nh ly v mang mt ca tuyn tnh tch cc :
Cac phng trnh trang thai (6-4), (6-5) ch ro co th m ta mang 1 ca tuyn tnh
co ngun bng hai s mang 1 ca tng ng di y :
S Thevenin - nh ly Thevenin : ( Thevenin (1857-1926) Ky s vin thng
Phap) :
Phng trnh trang thai dang (6-4) co dang lut Kirhof 2, no ng vi s ni
tip mang 1 ca khng ngun co tng tr vao Z
V
vi ngun ap ,
nh hnh ve (h.6-8)
h
.
U h
. .
V
.
U I . Z U + =
Trong o Z
V
la tng tr vao cua mang 1 ca
khng ngun tng ng tc la bo ngun ap bng
cach ni tt, bo ngun dong bng cach ct t mach
dong trong s mang 1 ca co ngun se c s
mang 1 ca khng ngun tng ng. T o co
nh ly Tvnin " Co th thay tng ng mt mang 1 ca tuyn tnh co ngun bng
mt ngun in co S bng in ap trn hai cc khi h mach, ni ni tip vi mt
tng tr trong bng tng tr vao cua mang 1 ca khng ngun tng ng".
U
h
.
Z
V
U

h.6-8
S Norton - nh ly Norton :
T dang phng trnh trang thai (6-5) , co dang nh lut Kirhof 1
cho 3 dong in , , , no ng vi s ngun dong gm ngun dong ni
song song vi tng dn vao Y
ngn
. .
V
.
I U . Y I + =
.
I
.
V
U . Y ngn
.
I
V
nh hnh ve (h.6-9).
Trong o, chnh la dong ngn
mach trn ca, Y
ng
.
I n
V
la tng dn vao cua
mang 1 ca khng ngun tng ng
V
V
Z
1
Y = .
I

Y
V
U

I
ngn

h.6-9
T o co nh ly Norton (Norton 1898 Ky s in, Cng ty in thoai Bell - My) :
" Co th thay th mang 1 ca tuyn tnh co ngun bng ngun in tng ng ghep
bi ngun dong bng dong in ngn mach trn ca ni song song vi tng dn vao
Y
V
cua mang 1 ca khng ngun tng ng.
Ta thy hai s trn la tng ng nhau, co th bin i qua lai cho nhau,
chon dung s nao la tuy s tin li. Tt nhin khi khng ngun : ,
th ta tr lai s va phng trnh mang mt ca tuyn tnh khng ngun a xet.
0 Ingn
.
= 0 Uh
.
=
Ung dung cac phuong trinh trang thai va so d tuong duong cua mang mt
cua tuyn tinh co ngun.
Khi gp mt mach in phc tap co nhiu nhanh nhiu nut nhng ch cn tm ap
hoc dong mt nhanh nao o th vn dung phng trnh va s Tvnin - Nortn
tnh toan se c thun li. Tht vy v du nh ta cn tnh dong in nhanh co
tng tr Z
k
trong mach nh hnh ve (h.6-10)
Trng ai Hoc Bach Khoa - Khoa in - B mn Thit b in
Giao trnh C s Ky thut in I Trang
76
b
Z
k
a
Nu nh theo cac phng phap a hoc ta cn phai
giai h 13 phng trnh mi xac nh c dong qua
Z
k
.
I
k
. ng dung Tvnin (Nortn) ta ct nhanh cn quan
tm ra, phn con lai cua mach se la mang mt ca vi
hai cc a, b ni vao nhanh Z
k
cn xet. Ta se co c
mach in n gian va tnh c dong :
h.6-10
K V
h
.
k
.
Z Z
U
I
+
= ( 6-6)
Hoc co th
dung s
Nortn nh hnh
ve (h.6-12):
a
Z
V
Z
k
U
h
b b
a
Y
k
I
ngn
Y
V
h.6-12 h.6-11

T s ta tnh c dong qua Z
k
la :
K V
V
ngn
.
k
.
Z Z
Z
I I
+
= (6-7)

T o co cac bc tnh dong mt nhanh theo phng phap may phat in ng tr
nh sau :
Tnh ngun ap hoc ngun dong cua mang mt ca a tach ra khoi nhanh
cn xet.
h
.
U ngn
.
I
Tnh tng tr Z
V
hoc tng dn Y
V
cua mang mt ca khng ngun tng ng (T
mang 1 ca sau khi ct nhanh cn xet ta ngn mach cac ngun ap va ct mach cac
ngun dong co mang 1 ca khng ngun) nu mang mt ca a bit cu truc, thng
s th dung cac cach bin i tng ng xac nh Z
V
, Y
V
nu la hp en th dung
cac phng phap o lng xac nh = = =
V
V
V V V
y
Z
1
Y ; z Z
Cui cung tnh dong nhanh xet bng cng thc (6-6), (6-7).
V du : Cho s cu nh hnh (h.6-13). Hay tnh dong in qua in k bng
phng phap Tvnin
b
G
Z
1
Z
2
Z
4
Z
3
Z
G
d

E
.
h.6-13
a c
Z
1
Z
2
Z
4
Z
3
h.6-14

E
.
a
I
3
.
I
1
.
c
b
d
Z
1
Z
2
Z
4
Z
3
a
b
d
U
h
.
c
h.6-15
Trng ai Hoc Bach Khoa - Khoa in - B mn Thit b in
Giao trnh C s Ky thut in I Trang
77
Ta quan tm n dong qua in k nn ct nhanh Z G
.
I
G
ra tai hai cc b va d se
c mang mt ca co ngun nh hnh (h.6-14). T o tnh c : bd
.
h
.
U U =

+ +
+ +
=
+

+
=
+
=
+
=
= = =
) Z Z )( Z Z (
) Z Z ( Z ) Z Z ( Z
E
Z Z
Z E
Z Z
Z E
U : nn
Z Z
E
I ;
Z Z
E
I : ma
Z I Z I U U U U
4 3 2 1
4 3 1 2 1 3
.
2 !
1
.
4 3
3
.
h
.
2 !
.
1
.
4 3
.
3
.
1
1
.
3
3
.
ab
.
ad
.
bd
.
h
.

Ni tt ngun ap E trong s (h.6-14) ta c s (h.6-15) dung tnh tng
tr vao. T hai cc b, d nhn vao mach ta xac nh c tng tr tng ng:
Z
V
= (Z
1
//Z
2
) nt (Z
3
//Z
4
)
) Z Z )( Z Z (
) Z Z ( Z Z ) Z Z ( Z Z
Z Z
Z Z
Z Z
Z Z
Z
4 3 2 1
2 1 4 3 4 3 2 1
4 3
4 3
2 1
2 1
V
+ +
+ + +
=
+
+
+
=
Theo (6-6) ta tnh c dong in qua in k :

+ + + + + +
+ +
=
+ + + + + +
+ +

+ +
+ +
=
+ +
+ + +
+

+ +
+ +
=
+
=
) Z Z ( Z Z ) Z Z ( Z Z ) Z Z )( Z Z ( Z
) Z Z ( Z ) Z Z ( Z
E I
) Z Z ( Z Z ) Z Z ( Z Z ) Z Z )( Z Z ( Z
) Z Z )( Z Z (
) Z Z )( Z Z (
) Z Z ( Z ) Z Z ( Z
E I
) Z Z )( Z Z (
) Z Z ( Z Z ) Z Z ( Z Z
Z
1
) Z Z )( Z Z (
) Z Z ( Z ) Z Z ( Z
E
Z Z
U
I
2 1 4 3 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 G
4 3 1 2 1 3
.
G
.
2 1 4 3 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 G
4 3 2 1
4 3 2 1
4 3 1 2 1 3
.
G
.
4 3 2 1
2 1 4 3 4 3 2 1
G
4 3 2 1
4 3 1 2 1 3
.
G V
h
.
G
.
Qua biu thc ta thy cu se cn bng (tc = 0) khi tc la khi : G
.
I G
.
I 0 Uh
.
=
Z
3
(Z
1
+ Z
2
) - Z
1
(Z
3
+ Z
4
) = 0 Z
3
Z
2
- Z
1
Z
4
= 0 hoc
4
2
3
1
Z
Z
Z
Z
= (6-8)
Vy cu cn bng th phai thoa man (6-8).
Co th vn dung nh ly Tvnin - Nortn tnh dong trong tt ca cac nhanh
chng minh iu o theo nh ly bu ta thay mt nhanh bt ky bng mt ngun dong
nh hnh (h.6-16). Theo tnh cht xp chng, dong trong mi nhanh bt ky cua mach
in trong (h.6-16) se la tng hai thanh phn do cac ngun trong mang mt ca (h.6 -
17) gy ra cng vi do ngun dong (h.6-18) gy ra.
.
I
.
I
Co ngun
= +
I
.
Khng
ngun
I
.
Co ngun
h.6-16 h.6-17 h.6-18
Chu y khi tnh cac dong gy ra bi cac ngun bn trong mang mt ca (h6-17)
cn ngt mach ngun dong .
.
I
Trng ai Hoc Bach Khoa - Khoa in - B mn Thit b in
Giao trnh C s Ky thut in I Trang
78
Khi xet ring ngun dong (h.6-18) ta co ngun dong
.
I
Z Z
U
I
V
h
.
.
+
= y la
ap h mach (h.6-17), Z
h
.
U
V
tnh t s hnh (h.6-17)
nhng loai bo cac ngun bn trong, Z la tng tr nhanh ta
ct thay th bng ngun dong. V nn
ta co th thay ngun dong bng ngun ap nh hnh
(h.6-19) tnh.
) Z Z ( I U
V
.
h
.
+ =
.
I h
.
U
U
h
.
Z
V

Khng
ngun
Z
h.6-19
Cac bc tnh toan nh sau :
Ct h mach mt nhanh bt ky, tm cac dong gy bi cac ngun trong mach, ng
thi tnh . h
.
U
Trit tiu cac ngun trong mach, t vao nhanh a ct S sau o tnh dong do
no gy ra trong cac nhanh cua mach.
h
.
U
Cng ai s cac dong thanh phn trong mi nhanh ng vi hai trng hp ta c
cac dong in.
Diu kin dua cng sut cuc dai ra khoi mang mt cua
Cho mang mt ca co ngun cung cp cho mt tai co th bin ng Z
t
. Xac nh
iu kin tai Z
t
cn thoa man mang mt ca a c n tai cng sut cc ai.
H thng c m ta nh hnh (h.6-20a)
Theo nh ly Thevenin ta thay mang mt ca bng mt ngun tng ng ,
Z
h
.
U
ng
, y Z
ng
la tng tr vao mang mt ca. Noi chung : Z
ng
= r
ng
+ jx
ng
ta c s
hnh (h.6-20b) vi Z
t
= r
t
+ jx
t
.
Cng sut a n tai bng :
2
ng t
2
ng t
t 2
h 2
2
h
t
2
t t
) x x ( ) r r (
r
U
z
U
r I . r P
+ + +
= = =
T biu thc cua P thy rng mun a n tai cng sut ln nht cn co hai iu
kin :
h.6-20b
U
h
.
I, P
Z
t
Z
ng
h.6-20a
Z
ng

Ngun
Z
t
Thoa man : x
ng
+ x
t
= 0 x
ng
= -x
t

Thoa man :
2
t ng
t
) r r (
r
+
ln nht.
V r
ng
= const nn iu kin (b) c thoa man khi : =

+
0
) r r (
r
dr
d
2
t ng
t
t
giai
ra ta c r
ng
= r
t
.
Vit gp hai iu kin di dang phc : r
ng
+ jx
ng
= r
t
- jx
t
hay (6-9)

=
t ng
Z Z
Khi iu kin nay thoa man th cng sut a ra n tai se cc ai va bng :
Trng ai Hoc Bach Khoa - Khoa in - B mn Thit b in
Giao trnh C s Ky thut in I Trang
79
4
U
) r . 2 (
r . U
) r r (
r . U
P
2
h
2
t
t
2
h
2
t ng
t
2
h
= =
+
=
Luc nay hiu sut truyn tai nng lng t ngun in tng ng n tai bng :
5 , 0
r 2
r
I ) r r (
I r
P
P
t
t
2
t ng
2
t
ng
= =
+
= =
T cng thc cho thy se co hiu sut cao hn khi r
t
> r
ng
. Khi cng sut truyn
n tai at ln nht th hiu sut at c rt nho. Cn nm ro c im nay tuy
trng hp yu cu cu th ma cn i la chon gia hai mt. V du nh khi truyn tn
hiu thng tin, khi thit k cac b khuch ai cng sut nho, khi phat tn hiu co cng
sut nho, ta quan tm sao cho cng sut phat ra la cc ai con khng lu tm n hiu
sut.
Trn thc t Z
t
va Z
ng
thng khng t thoa man quan h (6-9), v vy thoa
man iu kin o ta phai ni thm gia ngun va tai mt b phn trung gian co thng
s thch hp tao quan h trn. Vic lam nh vy goi la hoa hp ngun vi tai.
Dc tinh tn mang mt cua thun khang gm L-C ni song song nhau (Fosto
song song)
Nhanh L-C ni song song nhau c Fost a ra goi la s Fost.
c tnh tn nhanh L
k
- C
k
:
Biu thc : V L
k
ni tip vi C
k
nn tng tr cua nhanh L
k
-C
k
bng :
k
k k
L j
1
L j ) ( Z

+ = (6-10) chia ca t va mu cho L

k
C
k
ta c :

+
=
j
C L
1
) j (
L ) ( Z
k k
2
k k
. Trong o :
k k
C L
1
la bnh phng tn s cng hng
ap cua nhanh L
k
-C
k
, tn s nay tng tr Z
k
() = 0 ta goi o la im khng cua
tng tr va ng nhin o la im cc cua tng dn (im co tn s lam cho tng dn
Y
k
() = ). Qui c anh s nhng im zro cua ham tng dn Y
k
() bng ch s le
t thp n cao
1
,
3
,...,
2n-1
va cac im cc cua no bng cac ch s chn :
2
,
4
,
...,
2n
. Vi nhanh th k co im cc cua tng dn
k k
2
k 2
C L
1
=
Vy no c c trng bi im cc
2k
va mt trong hai h s L
k
, C
k
.
Ta k hiu : = = j ,... N
L
1
,..., N
L
1
1
1
k
k
k hiu la S
S
S
L ) S ( Z ) j ( Z
2
k 2
2
k k k
+
= = (6-10)
2
k 2
2
k
2
k 2
2
k k
k
S
S
N
S
S
L
1
) S ( Z
1
) S ( Y
+
=
+
= = (6-11)
2 2
k 2
k k
jN ) ( Y


= (6-12)
Ve c tnh cua Z(), Y() :
Trng ai Hoc Bach Khoa - Khoa in - B mn Thit b in
Giao trnh C s Ky thut in I Trang
80
V thun khang nn [ ] ) ( x ) ( x j ) ( jx ) ( Z
C L
= =
ng x() nh hnh (h.6-21) t o da vao cng thc
) ( x
1
) ( y ) ( Y

= = ve
ng y() nh hnh (h.6-22)
h.6-22
0
2k

1
j

y
1
x
C
x
x
L
y
1
h.6-21
x()

2k
x
C
x
x
L
L
k
C
k
Ta thy :
Tng dn Y() thun khang la mt ham gia tr ao cua bin
Ham Y() moi nhanh u trit tiu
1
= 0 va = , mi nhanh u co ring mt
im cc
k k
k 2
C L
1
= tn s thp <
2k
nhanh co tnh dung vi Y
k
() > 0, tn
s cao >
2k
nhanh co tnh cam vi Y
k
() < 0.
Z
k
= jx
k
z = x
k
z() la nghch ao cua y() nn moi nhanh u co tng tr v
cung ln
1
va

va mi nhanh u co im zro ring cua tng tr la
2k

Z() cua nhanh thun khang la ham gia tr ao cua tn s
Z() lun tng theo tn s nh hnh (h.6-22).
c tnh tn cua s L-C ni song song : (goi la Fost song song)
Biu thc : Nu s gm n nhanh L-C song song th ham tng dn co dang :
) 14 6 (
1
N j ) S ( Y : hoc
) 13 6 (
S
S
N ...
S
S
N
S
S
N ) S ( Y
Y ) S ( Y
n
1
2 2
k 2
k
n
1
2
k 2
2
k
2
4
2
2
2
2
2
1
n
1
k

+
= +
+
+
+
=
=

Qui ng mu s cho (6-13) ri cng lai ta c mt phn thc i vi bin S.
Mu thc la mt a thc bc n i vi bin S
2
. Sp xp lai t thc no se co dang tch
cua S vi mt a thc co bc (n-1) i vi S
2
. H s cua S
2
trong mu thc va t thc
u dng va thc.
Vi nhn xet o, co th vit ham Y(S) Fost song song di dang phn thc hu
t i vi S
2
(bc chn i vi S).
Trng ai Hoc Bach Khoa - Khoa in - B mn Thit b in
Giao trnh C s Ky thut in I Trang
81
) s )...( s )( s (
a ... s a s a
s ) s ( Y
2
n 2
2 2
4
2 2
2
2
0
4 n 2
4 n 2
2 n 2
2 n 2
+ + +
+ + +
=

(6-15)
hoc
0
2
2
2 n 2
2 n 2
n 2
0
4 n 2
4 n 2
2 n 2
2 n 2
b s b ... s b s
a ... s a s a
s ) s ( Y
+ + + +
+ + +
=

(6-16)
Trong o cac h s a, b co quan h vi N
k
:

2
n 2
2
4
2
2 0
2
k 2
2
k 2
2
4
2
2
n
1
k 0
n
1
k 2 n 2
... b ;
...
N a ; N a =

= =


Ngoai nhng nhanh u L
k
- C
k
s con co th thm mt nhanh thun cam k
hiu L
0
(ly ch s 0 v in dn nhanh nay
0
0
L j
1
Y

= co cc
0
= 0, va thm mt
nhanh thun dung k hiu C

(v
cc cua in dn
= =

C j Y ). o la
nhng nhanh thiu va ngoai l
nh hnh ve (6-23)
C

C
1
C
2
C
3
L
3
L
2
L
1
h.6-23
L
0
Luc o c tnh tn co dang :

+ +
+
=

sC
s
N
s
1
N s ) s ( Y
n
1
0
2
k 2
2
k
(6-17)
Trong o :
0
0
L
1
N =

=

C j
N
j
N
j ) ( Y
n
1
0
2 2
k 2
k
(6-18)
Phn tch cac c tnh tn trn ta thy ham tng dn Fost thun khang song song
co nhng tnh cht sau :
Vi s Fost song song gm nhng nhanh u hoc co thm nhanh thun cam th
t thc kem mu thc mt bc i vi bin s. Ring khi co thm nhanh thun dung th
t thc cao hn mu thc mt bc. Noi chung bc t thc va mu thc lun sai khac
nhau khng qua mt bc i vi bin s.
T thc va mu thc la nhng a thc h s dng, thc i vi bin s (s = j).
Trng hp y nghim mu thc la nhng s thc m ...(hoc
). o la nhng im cc cua ham tng dn.
2
4
2 2
2
2
s ; s = =
,... j , j s
4 2
=
Suy ra nghim cua t thc i vi s cung la nhng s thc m : o la
nhng im zro cua ham tng dn Y(s).
,... ,
2
3
2
1

) s )...( s )( s (
) s )...( s )( s (
sa ) s ( Y
2
n 2
2 2
4
2 2
2
2
2
1 n 2
2 2
3
2 2
1
2
2 n 2
+ + +
+ + +
=

(6-19)
Nn chu y :
n 2 n 2 8 8 4 4 10 10 6 6 2 2 2
s ,..., s , s va ... s , s , ) j ( s = = = = = = = khi chuyn
sang vi bin th c tnh tn Y() la mt ham gia tr ao cua tn s vi mu va t
thc la nhng a thc an du.
Trng ai Hoc Bach Khoa - Khoa in - B mn Thit b in
Giao trnh C s Ky thut in I Trang
82
0
2 n 2
2 n 2
n 2
0
4 n 2
4 n 2
2 n 2
2 n 2
b ... b
a ... a a
j ) ( Y
+ +
+ +
=

(6-20)
) )...( )( (
) )...( )( (
a j ) ( Y
2 2
n 2
2 2
4
2 2
2
2 2
3 n 2
2 2
3
2 2
1
2 n 2


=

(6-21)
c tnh tn s Fost song song vi cac nhanh u.
Theo (6-14) co

=
n
1
2 2
k 2
k
1
N j ) ( Y co bao nhiu nhanh u co by nhiu
s hang :
2 2
n 2
k
2 2
4
2
2 2
2
1
1
N j ...
1
N j
1
N j ) ( Y

+ +

+

=
Cac ng c tnh Y
1
(), Y
2
(),...,Y
k
() a bit trn th nn bng cach cng
tung cac c tnh tn Y
k
() ta c c tnh tn cua nhiu nhanh u song song.
V du : Ve c tnh tn cua s 2 nhanh u song song nh hnh (h.6-24)











Ta rut ra nhn xet :
Y

h.6-24b
0
Y

Y
1
Y
1
Y
2

Y

4

3
Y
2

2
1
C
1
L
1
h.6-24a
L
2
C
2
Y() thun khang la mt ham gia tr ao cua tn s vi nhng im cc
2
,
4
,...,

2k
. im
1
= 0 va

= la hai im zro cua mi nhanh.

Tng dn Y() lun tng theo tn s v no la tng cac ham Y
k
() tng theo tn s.
V vy suy ra cac im zro va cac im cc cua tng dn Y() xen ke nhau trn truc
tn s. V Y() lun tng nn khi tng t - n + gia hai im cc no phai ct
truc mt im zro nao o.
Vi s m nhanh song song co m im cc nn ng Y() co m+1 im zro la

1
= 0,
3
,
5
,...,

=
c tnh tn cua s Fost song song co thm nhanh L
0
, C
0
:
Khi co thm nhanh L
0
vi
0
L
L
1
) ( Y

= ng
hypebol Y() se tao c bng cach cng tung
cua cac Y
k
() vi Y
L
() nh hnh ve (h.6-25)
Nhanh L
0
lam thay i im zro = 0 v
0
L
L
1
) ( Y

= nn tai = 0 no bin thanh im cc,

h.6-25a
L
1
C
1
L
2
C
2
L
0
Trng ai Hoc Bach Khoa - Khoa in - B mn Thit b in
Giao trnh C s Ky thut in I Trang
83
do o im zro u tin se nm gia
2 im cc
0
= 0 va
2
.
j
Y
L

Y

Y
L

0
Khi co thm nhanh C

co
dang ng thng.
Ta tng hp c Y() nh hnh ve
(h.6-26).
C ) ( Y
C
=
Nhanh C

lam thay i tnh cht
im zro

= bin no thanh mt
im cc, do o im zro cui cung
se nm gia hai cc
2n
va

= .







Khi co thm ca L
0
, C

ta se c
c tnh tn Y() nh hnh ve (h.6-
27)
Trng ai Hoc Bach Khoa - Khoa in - B mn Thit b in
V du : Xac nh c tnh tn Y() cua mang
mt ca hnh (h.6-28). Cho C

= C
1
= C
2
=
0,1F, L
1
= 25mH, L
2
= 4mH.
h.6-25b
h.6-26a
L
1
C
1
C
2
L
2
C

h.6-27a
L
1
C
1
L
0
L
2
C
2
h.6-26b
0

1

2

3

4
Y
c
( )
Y

5
Y

Y
Y
L

5
0
0

h.6-28
L
1
C
1
C

L
2
C
2






2 2
4
2
2 2
2
1
N
j
N
j C j ) ( Y


+


+ =



C

= 10
-7
F,
h.6-27b
= = =

/ s 40
10 . 25
1
L
1
N
3
1
1

Giao trnh C s Ky thut in I Trang
84
= = =

/ s 250
10 . 4
1
L
1
N
3
2
2
, s / Rad 10 . 4
10 10 . 25
1
C L
1
8
7 3
1 1
2
2
= = =


s / Rad 10 . 25
10 10 . 4
1
C L
1
8
7 3
2 2
2
4
= = =


Vy :
2 8 2 8
7
10 . 25
250
j
10 . 4
40
j 10 . j ) ( Y

+ =


Dc tinh tn cua mang mt cua thun khang L
k
// C
k
ni tip nhau (Fosto ni
tip)
c tnh tn nhanh L
k
// C
k
:
Hnh (h.6-29) ve s L
k
// C
k
la nguyn t c ban cua s Fost ni tip. Biu
thc c tnh tn :
k
k
k
k k
sL
1
sC
L j
1
C j ) ( Y + =

+ = (6-22)
Cng thc (6-22) hoan toan ging c tnh Z
k
() cua nhanh L
k
-C
k
trong (6-10)
trong o lng C
k
, L
k
i ch cho nhau. Ta goi hai mang mt ca co ham Y() cua cai
no bng ham Z() cua cai kia nh vy la i ngu nhau.






Ta thy c tnh tn Z() hnh
(h.6-29b) ging ht dang Y() hnh
(h.6-22). Vy c tnh tn tng dn cua
L
k
-C
k
ging ht c tnh tn tng tr cua
L
k
// C
k.
.
Suy ra c tnh tn tng tr Z
k
()
cua L
k
// C
k
la :

=
+
=
2 2
k 2
k k
2 2
k 2
k k
jS ) ( Z
s
s
S ) s ( Z
(6-23)
Trong o :
k k
2
k 2
k
k
C L
1
;
C
1
s = = (6-24)
T biu thc thy c tnh tn Z
k
() cua nhanh L
k
// C
k
co 3 im bt thng :

0
= 0 Z(
0
) = 0
k k
k 2
C L
1
= Z(
2k
) = va

= Z(

) = 0,
2k
la
im zro cua tng dn Y
k
(
2k
) = 0 nhng la im cc cua tng tr Z
k
(
2k
) = j. Luc
o L
k
// C
k
co cng hng dong. P
k
(
2k
) = 0, Q
k
(
2k
) = 0. Khng co s trao i nng
lng gia nhanh vi bn ngoai ma ch co dao ng ni b gia hai kho L
k
, C
k
.
L
1
Y
h.6-29b
0
2

1
Z

Z
1
Y
L
Y
Y
C
Z
1
C
1
h.6-29a
Trng ai Hoc Bach Khoa - Khoa in - B mn Thit b in
Giao trnh C s Ky thut in I Trang
85
c tnh tn mang mt ca thun khang gm L
k
// C
k
ni tip nhau :
Mang mt ca L
k
// C
k
ni tip nhau la s Fost ni tip. Co th co cac trng
hp sau y :
Khi Fost ni tip gm cac nhanh y u :
Ta co biu thc c tnh tn va ng cong th nh hnh ve (h.6-30) :

=
+
= =

n
1
2 2
k 2
k
n
1
2 2
k 2
k
n
1
k
1
S j ) ( Z
s
1
S s ) s ( Z ) s ( Z
(6-25)
So sanh Z() (6-25) vi Y() (6-14) ta thy chung i ngu nhau, do o co
th vn dung tt ca kt qua xet tng dn cua s Fost song song cho vic xet tng
tr cua s Fost ni tip. T o ta vit c Z(s
2
) di dang phn thc hu t i vi
s
2
:

+ + +
+ + +
=
+ + + +
+ + +
=

) s )...( s )( s (
a ... s a s a
s ) s ( Z
b s b ... s b s
a ... s a s a
s ) s ( Z
2
n 2
2 2
4
2 2
2
2
0
4 n 2
4 n 2
2 n 2
2 n 2
0
2
2
2 n 2
2 n 2
n 2
0
4 n 2
4 n 2
2 n 2
2 n 2
(6-26)
Khi s Fost ni tip con thm nhanh n thun dung C
0
:
Ly ch s 0 v tng tr
0
0
C j
1
Z

= co cc
0
= 0.
Luc nay ta co c tnh tn la :
s
S
s
1
S s
s
S
) s ( Z ) s ( Z
0
n
1
2 2
k 2
k
0
n
1
k
+
+
= + =


Hoc :
h.6-30a
Z()
0
Z

Z
1

3
4

Z

Z
2

Z
1
Z
2
h.6-30b
Z

2
1
C
2
L
2
C
1
L
1
h.6-31a
C
0
C
2
L
2
C
1
L
1

=

0
n
1
2 2
k 2
k
S
j
1
S j ) ( Z (6-27)
y
0
0
C
1
S = . ng c tnh Z() nh
Trng ai Hoc Bach Khoa - Khoa in - B mn Thit b in
Giao trnh C s Ky thut in I Trang
86
hnh ve (h.6-31)
Khi s Fost ni tip con
thm nhanh n thun cam L

:
Ly L

v Y
L
= jL

co
cc tai

= . T o ta co biu
thc c tnh tn la :

+

=
+
+
=

L j
1
S j ) ( Z
sL
s
1
S s ) s ( Z
n
1
2 2
k 2
k
n
1
2
k 2
2
k
(6-28)
c tnh nh hnh ve (h.6-32)
Z()
0

0

1

2

3
h.6-31b
h.6-32a
Z()

5
0
L

C
2
L
2
C
1
L
1

4
h.6-32b
Khi s Fost ni tip con thm ca L

, C
0
ni tip:
Biu thc c tnh tn la :

+

=
+ +
+
=

0
n
1
2 2
k 2
k
0
n
1
2
k 2
2
k
S
j L j
1
S j ) ( Z
s
S
sL
s
1
S s ) s ( Z
(6-29)
th c tnh tn nh hnh (h.6-33)
h.6-33

0
Z()

5
0
L

L
1
C
1
C
2
L
2
C
0
Trng ai Hoc Bach Khoa - Khoa in - B mn Thit b in
Giao trnh C s Ky thut in I Trang
87
Do tnh i ngu gia hai s Fost song song va Fost ni tip nn co th
chuyn cac c tnh tn Y() cua s song song lam ng c tnh Z() cua cac s
ni tip.
Khi chuyn cn lu y trao i nhng thng s L
k
, C
k
vi nhau trong 2 s va
trao i cach ghep ni tip cp L
k
, C
k
thanh cach ghep song song.
V du : Lp biu thc c tnh tn cua mang mt ca hnh (h.6-34). Xac nh
nhng im bt thng ca chung.
Bit L
1
= L
2
=1mH, C
1
= 25.10
-7
F, C
2
=
4.10
-7
F.
h.6-34
C
2
L
2
C
1
L
1
Theo cng thc (6-25) ta co :
2 2
4
3
2 2
2
1
S
j
S
j ) ( Z

+

=
2 2 4
5
2 2 4
5
4
7 3
2 2
4
4
7 3
1 1
2
5
7
2
3
5
7
1
1
) 10 . 5 (
10 . 25
j
) 10 . 2 (
10 . 4
j ) ( Z
s / Rad 10 . 5
10 . 4 . 10
1
C L
1
s / Rad 10 . 2
10 . 25 . 10
1
C L
1
s / 10 . 25
10 . 4
1
C
1
S ; s / 10 . 4
10 . 25
1
C
1
S

+

=
= = =
= = =
= = = = = =




Qui ng mu s a v dang (6-26) ta c :
[ ]
[ ][ ]
2 4 2 2 4 2
2 4 2 5
) 10 . 5 ( ) 10 . 2 (
) 10 . 61 , 2 ( 10 . 29
j ) ( Z


=
T y thy tng tr Z() co cac im zr tn s
1
= 0,
3
= 2,61.10
4
,
5

Z() co cac im cc
2
= 2.10
4
,
4
= 5.10
4
.
Tng hop mang mt cua
Bai toan tng hp mach in theo ngha n gian nht la xac nh kt cu, thng
s cac phn t cua mang mt ca thc hin mt quan h truyn at a cho nh Z()
hay Y() , K
u
(), K
i
()... Nh vy ro rang mun thc hin bai toan tng hp cn nm
chc cac c tnh tn mang mt ca nh a xet trn. Bai toan tng hp thng co nhiu
li giai, tc la co nhiu s cung thc hin mt ham Z() hay K(). V vy thng
t thm yu cu tm li giai ti u theo mt ngha nao o chon s thch hp. V
du chon s d thc hin nht, s t phn t nht hay co tin cy cao...
Ta xet s lc v tng hp mang mt ca tuyn tnh.
Tng hp mang mt ca thun khang theo s Fost :
Ta chng to mang mt ca thun khang L
k
va C
k
ni song song nhau co c tnh
tn tng dn

n
1
2 2
2
k
1
N j ) ( Y . Va mang mt ca thun khang L
k
// C
k
ni
tip nhau th c tnh tn tng tr :
Trng ai Hoc Bach Khoa - Khoa in - B mn Thit b in
Giao trnh C s Ky thut in I Trang
88

=
n
1
2 2
k 2
k
1
S j ) ( Z cho nn ngc lai khi bit cac ham truyn at Y(),
Z() nu ta phn tch ra dang chun nh trn th ta c s Fost vi cu truc va
thng s xac nh thoa man quan h truyn at o.
Thc hin s Fost song song:
Ta phn tch c tnh tn tng dn a bit Y(s) ra dang chun
) s ( F
) s ( F
s ) s ( Y
2
1
=
thanh nhng phn thc ti gian :

+
=
n
1
2 2
k 2
k
s
1
N s ) s ( Y
Trong o N
k
la nhng h s khai trin cac phn thc. T N
k
xac nh
2
k 2
k
k
,
N
1
L = la nghim cua phng trnh F
2
(s) = 0. Bit
k k
2
k 2
C L
1
= va
k
k
L
1
N =
xac nh L
k
, C
k
; ngoai ra nu co s hang jB va
j
N
0
th tng ng co thm nhanh
khng u C

= B va
0
0
N
1
L = .
Co th khai trin Y(s) thanh phn thc ti gian bng phng phap cn bng hai
v vi h s N
k
bt nh hoc nhng phng phap ai s khac.
Thc hin s Fost ni tip
Cung tng t nh trn t truyn at Z(s) a bit :
) s ( F
) s ( F
s ) s ( Z
1
2
= ta khai trin no
thanh nhng phn thc ti gian dang

=
n
1
2 2
k 2
k
1
S s ) s ( Z . Trong o la nghim
cua phng trnh F
2
k 2

1
(s) = 0.
T S
k
co c
k
k
S
1
C = cung vi
k k
2
k 2
C L
1
= giai c L
k
ta se oc cac nhanh
L
k
// C
k
ni tip nhau. Khi trong biu thc khai trin co thm s hang
j
S
0
ta suy ra co
thm nhanh
0
0
S
1
C = ni tip thm vao, khi trong biu thc co thm s hang jA ta
suy ra L

= A la cun cam ni thm vao.
V du : Tm cac s Fost thoa man c tnh tn :
) 10 . 4 )( 10 (
) 10 . 5 10 . 2 ( j
) ( Z
8 2 8 2
14 2 6


=
S Fost ni tip :
Phn tch Z() :
8 2
3
8 2
1
8 2 8 2
14 2 6
10 . 4
S
j
10
S
j
) 10 . 4 )( 10 (
10 . 5 10 . 2
j ) ( Z

=


=
Cn bng cac s hang cung bc i vi
2
ta c hai phng trnh cho S
1
, S
3
:
Trng ai Hoc Bach Khoa - Khoa in - B mn Thit b in
Giao trnh C s Ky thut in I Trang
89

= +
= +
14
3
8
1
8
6
3 1
10 . 5 S 10 S 10 . 4
10 . 2 S S
Giai h nay ta c S
1
= S
3
= 10
6
/s
Nn cng thc :
2 4 2
6
2 4 2
6
) 10 . 2 (
10
j
) 10 (
10
j ) ( Z

= t y xac nh theo
cng thc ta c : F 10
S
1
C ; F 10
10
1
S
1
C
6
3
2
6
6
1
1

= = = = =
H 0025 , 0
10 ) 10 . 2 (
1
C
1
L ; H 01 , 0
10 10
1
C
1
L
6 2 4
2
2
4
2
6 8
1
2
2
1
= =

= = =

=


C

C
1
L
1
(A)
C
2
L
2
C
1
L
1
L
0
(B)
S Fost song song :
T Z() rut Y() cng thc :
) 10 . 5 10 . 2 (
) 10 . 4 )( 10 (
j
) ( Z
1
) ( Y
4 2 6
8 2 8 2


=

=
V bc t cao hn bc mu nn chia t thc cho mu thc ta c :
) 10 . 5 , 2 (
10 . 2 125
j 10 . 5 j ) ( Y
8 2
10 2
7


=


Khai trin thanh phn thc ti gian :

=


=
0
8 2
1 7
8 2
10 2
7
N
j
10 . 5 , 2
N
j 10 . 5 j
) 10 . 5 , 2 (
10 . 2 125
j 10 . 5 j ) ( Y
Cn bng cac s hang cung bc i vi
2
ta c hai phng trnh cho N
1
, N
0

Giai ra ta c : N

=
= +
10
0
8
0 1
10 . 2 N 10 . 5 , 2
125 N N
0
= 80 1/s ; N
1
= 45 1/s
T o suy ra :
H 022 , 0
45
1
N
1
L
F 18 , 0 F 10 . 18
022 , 0 . 10 . 5 , 2
1
L
1
C
H 0125 , 0
80
1
N
1
L ; 10 . 5 C
1
1
8
8
1
2
k 2
1
0
0
7
= = =
= = =

=
= = = =

ng vi s (B).
Tng hp mang mt ca theo s Cauer :
Cng thc tr, dn s Cauer :
Khoang nm 1927 Cauer a a ra s mc xch (nh hnh cai thang) trong o cac
tng tr doc mang ch s la : Z
1
, Z
3
, Z
5
, ...cac tng dn ngang mang ch s chn : Y
2
,
Y
4
, Y
6
, ... nh hnh ve (h.6-35). Xet s n gian hnh (h.6-36) ta co tng dn la Z =
Z
1
+ Z
C1
Trong o : Z la tng tr tng ng ca mach, Z
C1
la tng tr tng ng phn mach
Trng ai Hoc Bach Khoa - Khoa in - B mn Thit b in
Giao trnh C s Ky thut in I Trang
90
sau nhat ct C
1
.
C
1
Y
2
Y
2n
Y
2n-2
Y
4
Y
2
Z
3
Z
1
Z
2n-1
Z
3
Z
1
Trng ai Hoc Bach Khoa - Khoa in - B mn Thit b in

3
2
1
3
2
3 2
1 C
Z
1
Y
1
Z Z ;
Z
1
Y
1
Y Y
1
Z
+
+ =
+
=
+
=
h.6-35 h.6-36
Tng tr tng cua mach la :

3
2
1
Z
1
Y
1
Z
1
Z
1
Y
+
+
= =
Cung nh vy vi dy chuyn gm n phn t (gia s n chn) ta co cng thc (6-30) :
n
1 n
2 n
5
4
3
2
1
Y
1
Z
1
Y
...
1
Z
1
Y
1
Z
1
Y
1
Z Z
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ =

Vi
Z
1
Y = cung co dang phn thc dy chuyn nh vy.
Vy vi quy c anh s va k hiu cac phn t doc, ngang s moc xch Cauer
co dang phn thc dy chuyn. y la c s phin dch mt phn thc dy chuyn
sang dang s moc xch, tc la thc hin bai toan tng hp mach.
Tng hp theo s Cauer :
T phn tch trn cho thy vic tng hp mach thc hin quan h truyn at Z,Y a
cho theo s Cauer la tm cach vit chung di dang phn thc dy chuyn, sau o
phin dch sang s gm cac tng tr, tng dn ni moc xch (con goi la ni xu
chui).
Lu y rng phn thc dy chuyn (6-30) ung cho ca tr ng hp co tiu tan.
Vi Z(), Y() a bit ta thc hin phep chia ht phn thc hu t theo thut toan
chia clid co phn thc dy chuyn.
Giao trnh C s Ky thut in I Trang
91
Khi Z() hay Y() co bc cua t s va mu s lun sai khac nhau 1 bc (vi Z,
Y thun khang), gia s bc cua t thc la n + 1, bc cua mu thc la n th :
) ( F
) ( F
) ( Z
n
1 n

=
+
(6-31) t y ta thc hin phep chia clid nh sau :
Ly s hang bc cao nht cua F
n+1
chia cho mu thc F
n
ta c mt s hang bc
nht i vi .
1 d 1
n
1 n
R a
) ( F
) ( F
+ =

+
d thy
n
1 n
1 d
F
F
R

= nn
) ( F
) ( F
a
) ( F
) ( F
n
1 n
1
n
1 n

+ =

+

Co th vit di dang sau va thc hin phep chia th 2 :
2 d 2
1
1 n
n
1
n
1 n
R a
1
a
) ( F
) ( F
1
a
) ( F
) ( F
+
+ =

+ =

+
vi :
) ( F
) ( F
1
) ( F
) ( F
R
2 n
1 n
1 n
2 n
2 d

Nn :
) ( F
) ( F
1
a
1
a
) ( F
) ( F
2 n
1 n
2
1
n
1 n

+
+ =

+
. C nh th tip tuc ta se c phn thc
dy chuyn.
Sau khi co phn thc dy chuyn tuy vao
) ( F
) ( F
n
1 n

+
la tng tr hay tng dn suy
ra a la in khang Z
k
= jL
k
hay in dung Y
k
= jC
k
ta se c s Cauer. Hoan
toan tng t co cach chia t va mu theo th t tng dn bc cua . Ro rang phng
phap tng hp Cauer n gian hn phng phap Fost v khoi phai giai phng trnh
ai s F
2
() = 0 la mt vic lam kho khn khi no la phng trnh bc cao. Luc F
2
() =
0 bc cao mun giai phai dung cac phng phap gn ung hoc may tnh s. Phng
phap Cauer con co u im la co th dung cho trng hp Z(), Y() co tiu tan. V
du : Xac nh s Cauer thc hin quan h truyn at :
) S ( F
) S ( F
S 3 S
8 S 9 S
) S ( Z
2
1
3
2 4
=
+
+ +
= trong o S = j
Thc hin thut chia clid theo th t giam dn :

0
48 / 10 . j Y 48 / s 10
8 0
6 / s 10
6 / s 10
6 , 3 . j Z 10 / s 36
6 / s 10 0
s 6
8 s 6
6 / j Y 6 / s
8 s 6 0
6 / s 8 s
s 3 s
L j Z s
s 3 s
s 3 s
8 s 9 s
4
3
2
2
2
2
3
3
1 1
3
2 4
2 4
= =
+
= =
+
+
= =
+ +
+
+
= =
+
+
+ +

Trng ai Hoc Bach Khoa - Khoa in - B mn Thit b in
Giao trnh C s Ky thut in I Trang
92
T Z
1
= S = jL
1
H 6 , 3 L 6 , 3 j Z , F
6
1
C
6
1
j Y ; H 1 L
3 3 2 2 1
= = = = =
F
48
10
C
48
10
j Y
4 4
= = suy ra dang s Cauer nh hnh ve (h.6-37a)
Y
4
Z
3
L
2
Z
1
Y
2
C
3
C
1
C
2
= 10/48F C
2
= 1/6F
Y
4
Y
2
Z
1
Z
1
L
1
= 3,6H L
1
= 1H
L
4
h.6-37a h.6-37b
Thc hin thut chia clid theo th t tng dn :

=
j 3
8
Z
1
Z
1
phai la cua tu in co F
8
3
C
1
=
9
19
j
1
j 19
9
Y
2

= Y
2
phai la cun dy
9
19
L
2
= H

=
361
30
j
1
Z
3
Z
3
phai la cua tu in co F
361
30
C
3
=
10
19
j
1
Y
4

= Y
4
phai la cun dy
10
19
L
4
= H
T o co dang s Cauer nh hnh ve (h.6-37b).

Trng ai Hoc Bach Khoa - Khoa in - B mn Thit b in