CC HM THNG K - STATISTICAL FUNCTIONS ----------------------Cc hm thng k c th chia thnh 3 nhm: Nhm hm v Thng K, Nhm hm v Phn Phi Xc Sut, Nhm

hm v Tng Quan v hi Quy Tuyn Tnh TNG QUAN CC HM TRONG EXCEL I. Gii thiu: - Ti liu ny s hng dn bn s dng cc hm Excel gii mt bi ton t n gin n phc tp nh ma trn, thng k,... mt cch d dng v nhanh chng. - Nhng hm m bn tip xc trong Excel cng l nhng hm s m bn thng xuyn gp trong cc ng dng khc nh Access, SQL,... v trong k thut lp trnh PASCAL, C+ +, C#, VB.NET,.... S dng v hiu cc hm Excel s gip bn c nn tng c bn khi lm vic vi cc phn mm tnh ton khc, tin xa hn trong k thut lp trnh, ... II. C bn v hm s trong Excel: - Mt s kin thc c bn v hm s v cch tnh ton trong Excel m bn cn nm r khi lm vic vi bng tnh Excel. 2.1 Ton t: Microsoft Excel s dng cc ton t ton hc + , -, *, /, ^ (ly tha). Microsoft Excel s dng cc ton t so snh >, >=, <, =<, <>. 2.2 Hm s: Mi cng thc, hm s trong Excel u bt u vi du bng = Cu trc hm Excel: =([<i s 1>,<i s 2>,..]) Trong : do Excel cung cp. Nu bn nhp sai s bo li #NAME! <i s 1>,<i s 2> c th l tham chiu n , dy , a ch mng, hay kt qu tr v ca mt cng thc hoc hm khc. Excel cho php ti a 30 i s v tng chiu di ca cng thc ti a l 255 k t. Cc i s phi c t trong du ngoc n ( ). i vi nhng i s kiu k t, chui nhp vo cng thc th phi c t trong du ngoc kp " ". Tuyt i khng dng 2 du ngoc n to du ngoc kp. Lc ny Excel s bo li nghim trng. Du phn cch gi cc i s l du phy (,) hoc du chm phy (;) ty vo thit lp trong h thng ca bn. Cn xem k phn hng dn bn di. 2.3 a ch: - Hm s Excel s dng cc a ch i din cho cc gi tr bn trong v gi l tham chiu. V vy c th s dng c thc cho nhiu c cng dng cng thc bng copy cng thc. a ch c 3 loi: a ch tng i . V d AA10.

a ch tuyt i $$. V d $IV$65536 a ch hn hp $ hoc $. V d $A10 Ty loi cng thc, mc ch s dng m c th s dng cc loi a ch khc nhau cho ph hp. V d tnh ton cho tt c cc u tham chiu n mt th a ch c nh trong cng thc phi l a ch tuyt i. chuyn i gia cc loi a ch trong cng thc, sau khi chn vng tham chiu (a ch ) nhn phm F4. a cc a ch (tham chiu) vo trong cng thc khng nn nhp trc tip t bn phm m ch cn dng chut chn hoc dng cc phm mi tn (hoc kt hp vi phm Shift chn nhiu ). 2.4 D liu kiu s trong Excel: - Mc nh d liu kiu s ca Excel l h s ca USA: Dng du chm phn phn thp phn v phn nguyn (Decimal symbol : .), Dng du phy nhm 3 k s i vi nhng s hng nghn tr ln (Digit grouping symbol: ,). Quy cch hin th kiu s ca Excel lin quan trc tip n cng thc v c thit lp trong Regional Options ca Control Panel. Nu h s ca USA th cng thc s dng du phy phn cch cc i s. Nu h s ca VN th cng thc s dng du chm phy (;) phn cch cc i s. Khi nhp mt d liu kiu s vo Excel nu cha nh dng th d liu t ng c canh l bn phi. Nu s bn nhp vo nhy qua bn phi l mt s khng hp l. C th do bn nhm vi kiu s ca Vit Nam. Khi cng thc thng tr v li #VALUE! Nn dng bn phm s nhp mt s vo Excel. i h s thnh h s ca VN: Vo Regional Options trong Control Panel. Chn th Number. Sa Decimal symbol (k t phn cch phn nguyn v phn thp phn) l du phy (,). Sa Digit grouping symbol (k t dng nhm s i vi s > 1000) l du chm (.) 2.5 D liu kiu ngy thng trong Excel: D liu kiu ngy thng trong Excel ph thuc vo thit lp trong Regional Options ca Control Panel v mc nh dng quy cch ngy thng ca USA: M/d/YYYY. Khi nhp mt gi tr ngy thng vo Excel n t ng canh tri th Excel hiu l mt gi tr kiu text, dng cng thc cho gi tr ngy thng s tr v li #VALUE! chuyn i sang quy cch hin th ngy thng ca VN, vo Control Panel, Regional Options. Chn th Date. Nhp nh dngn dd/mm/yyyy vo mc Short Date Format. CC HM THNG K - STATISTICAL FUNCTIONS Cc hm thng k c th chia thnh 3 nhm nh sau: Nhm hm v Thng K, nhm hm v Phn Phi Xc Sut, v nhm hm v Tng Quan v Hi Quy Tuyn Tnh 1. NHM HM V THNG K:AVEDEV (number1, number2, ...) : Tnh trung bnh lch tuyt i cc im d liu theo trung bnh ca chng. Thng dng lm thc o v s bin i ca tp s liu

AVERAGE (number1, number2, ...) : Tnh trung bnh cng AVERAGEA (number1, number2, ...) : Tnh trung bnh cng ca cc gi tr, bao gm c nhng gi tr logic AVERAGEIF (range, criteria1) : Tnh trung bnh cng ca cc gi tr trong mt mng theo mt iu kin AVERAGEIFS (range, criteria1, criteria2, ...) : Tnh trung bnh cng ca cc gi tr trong mt mng theo nhiu iu kin COUNT (value1, value2, ...) : m s trong danh sch COUNTA (value1, value2, ...) : m s c cha gi tr (khng rng) trong danh sch COUNTBLANK (range) : m cc rng trong mt vng COUNTIF (range, criteria) : m s tha mt iu kin cho trc bn trong mt dy COUNTIFS (range1, criteria1, range2, criteria2, ...) : m s tha nhiu iu kin cho trc DEVSQ (number1, number2, ...) : Tnh bnh phng lch cc im d liu t trung bnh mu ca chng, ri cng cc bnh phng li. FREQUENCY (data_array, bins_array) : Tnh xem c bao nhiu gi tr thng xuyn xut hin bn trong mt dy gi tr, ri tr v mt mng ng cc s. Lun s dng hm ny dng cng thc mng GEOMEAN (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v trung bnh nhn ca mt dy cc s dng. Thng dng tnh mc tng trng trung bnh, trong li kp c cc li bin i c cho trc... HARMEAN (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v trung bnh iu ha (nghch o ca trung bnh cng) ca cc s KURT (number1, number2, ...) : Tnh nhn ca tp s liu, biu th mc nhn hay mc phng tng i ca mt phn b so vi phn b chun LARGE (array, k) : Tr v gi tr ln nht th k trong mt tp s liu MAX (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v gi tr ln nht ca mt tp gi tr MAXA (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v gi tr ln nht ca mt tp gi tr, bao gm c cc gi tr logic v text

MEDIAN (number1, number2, ...) : Tnh trung bnh v ca cc s. MIN (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v gi tr nh nht ca mt tp gi tr MINA (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v gi tr nh nht ca mt tp gi tr, bao gm c cc gi tr logic v text MODE (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v gi tr xut hin nhiu nht trong mt mng gi tr PERCENTILE (array, k) : Tm phn v th k ca cc gi tr trong mt mng d liu PERCENTRANK (array, x, significance) : Tr v th hng (v tr tng i) ca mt tr trong mt mng d liu, l s phn trm ca mng d liu PERMUT (number, number_chosen) : Tr v hon v ca cc i tng. QUARTILE (array, quart) : Tnh im t phn v ca tp d liu. Thng c dng trong kho st d liu chia cc tp hp thnh nhiu nhm... RANK (number, ref, order) : Tnh th hng ca mt s trong danh sch cc s SKEW (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v lch ca phn phi, m t khng i xng ca phn phi quanh tr trung bnh ca n SMALL (array, k) : Tr v gi tr nh nht th k trong mt tp s STDEV (number1, number2, ...) : c lng lch chun trn c s mu STDEVA (value1, value2, ...) : c lng lch chun trn c s mu, bao gm c nhng gi tr logic STDEVP (number1, number2, ...) : Tnh lch chun theo ton th tp hp STDEVPA (value1, value2, ...) : Tnh lch chun theo ton th tp hp, k c ch v cc gi tr logic VAR (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v phng sai da trn mu VARA (value1, value2, ...) : Tr v phng sai da trn mu, bao gm c cc tr logic v text VARP (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v phng sai da trn ton th tp hp VARPA (value1, value2, ...) : Tr v phng sai da trn ton th tp hp, bao gm c cc tr logic v text. TRIMMEAN (array, percent) : Tnh trung bnh phn trong ca mt tp d liu, bng cch

loi t l phn trm ca cc im d liu u v cui tp d liu. 2. NHM HM V PHN PHI XC SUT: BETADIST (x, alpha, beta, A, B) : Tr v gi tr ca hm tnh mt phn phi xc sut tch ly beta. BETAINV (probability, alpha, beta, A, B) : Tr v nghch o ca hm tnh mt phn phi xc sut tch ly beta. BINOMDIST (number_s, trials, probability_s, cumulative) : Tr v xc sut ca nhng ln th thnh cng ca phn phi nh phn. CHIDIST (x, degrees_freedom) : Tr v xc xut mt pha ca phn phi chi-squared. CHIINV (probability, degrees_freedom) : Tr v nghch o ca xc xut mt pha ca phn phi chi-squared. CHITEST (actual_range, expected_range) : Tr v gi tr ca xc xut t phn phi chisquared v s bc t do tng ng. CONFIDENCE (alpha, standard_dev, size) : Tnh khong tin cy cho mt k vng l thuyt CRITBINOM (trials, probability_s, alpha) : Tr v gi tr nh nht sao cho phn phi nh thc tch ly ln hn hay bng gi tr tiu chun. Thng dng bo m cc ng dng t cht lng... EXPONDIST (x, lambda, cumulative) : Tnh phn phi m. Thng dng m phng thi gian gia cc bin c... FDIST (x, degrees_freedom1, degrees_freedom2) : Tnh phn phi xc sut F. Thng dng tm xem hai tp s liu c nhiu mc khc nhau hay khng... FINV (probability, degrees_freedom1, degrees_freedom2) : Tnh nghch o ca phn phi xc sut F. Thng dng so snh bin thin trong hai tp s liu FTEST (array1, array2) : Tr v kt qu ca mt php th F. Thng dng xc nh xem hai mu c cc phng sai khc nhau hay khng... FISHER (x) : Tr v php bin i Fisher ti x. Thng dng kim tra gi thuyt da trn h s tng quan... FISHERINV (y) : Tnh nghch o php bin i Fisher. Thng dng phn tch mi tng quan gia cc mng s liu...

GAMMADIST (x, alpha, beta, cumulative) : Tr v phn phi tch ly gamma. C th dng nghin cu c phn b lch GAMMAINV (probability, alpha, beta) : Tr v nghch o ca phn phi tch ly gamma. GAMMLN (x) : Tnh logarit t nhin ca hm gamma HYPGEOMDIST (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v phn phi siu bi (xc sut ca mt s ln thnh cng no ...) LOGINV (probability, mean, standard_dev) : Tnh nghch o ca hm phn phi tch ly lognormal ca x (LOGNORMDIST) LOGNORMDIST (x, mean, standard_dev) : Tr v phn phi tch ly lognormal ca x, trong logarit t nhin ca x thng c phn phi vi cc tham s mean v standard_dev. NEGBINOMDIST (number_f, number_s, probability_s) : Tr v phn phi nh thc m (tr v xc sut m s c number_f ln tht bi trc khi c number_s ln thnh cng, khi xc sut khng i ca mt ln thnh cng l probability_s) NORMDIST (x, mean, standard_dev, cumulative) : Tr v phn phi chun (normal distribution). Thng c s dng trong vic thng k, gm c vic kim tra gi thuyt NORMINV (probability, mean, standard_dev) : Tnh nghch o phn phi tch ly chun NORMSDIST (z) : Tr v hm phn phi tch ly chun tc (standard normal cumulative distribution function), l phn phi c tr trung bnh cng l zero (0) v lch chun l 1 NORMSINV (probability) : Tnh nghch o ca hm phn phi tch ly chun tc POISSON (x, mean, cumulative) : Tr v phn phi poisson. Thng dng c tnh s lng bin c s xy ra trong mt khong thi gian nht nh PROB (x_range, prob_range, lower_limit, upper_limit) : Tnh xc sut ca cc tr trong dy nm gia hai gii hn STANDARDIZE (x, mean, standard_dev) : Tr v tr chun ha t phn phi biu th bi mean v standard_dev TDIST (x, degrees_freedom, tails) : Tr v xc sut ca phn phi Student (phn phi t), trong x l gi tr tnh t t v c dng tnh xc sut. TINV (probability, degrees_freedom) : Tr v gi tr t ca phn phi Student.

TTEST (array1, array2, tails, type) : Tnh xc xut kt hp vi php th Student. WEIBULL (x, alpha, beta, cumulative) : Tr v phn phi Weibull. Thng s dng trong phn tch tin cy, nh tnh tui th trung bnh ca mt thit b. ZTEST (array, x, sigma) : Tr v xc sut mt pha ca php th z. 3. NHM HM V TNG QUAN V HI QUY TUYN TNH: CORREL (array1, array2) : Tnh h s tng quan gia hai mng xc nh mi quan h ca hai c tnh COVAR (array1, array2) : Tnh tch s cc lch ca mi cp im d liu, ri tnh trung bnh cc tch s FORECAST (x, known_y's, known_x's) : Tnh ton hay d on mt gi tr tng lai bng cch s dng cc gi tr hin c, bng phng php hi quy tuyn tnh GROWTH (known_y's, known_x's, new_x's, const) : Tnh ton s tng trng d kin theo hm m, bng cch s dng cc d kin hin c. INTERCEPT (known_y's, known_x's) : Tm im giao nhau ca mt ng thng vi trc y bng cch s dng cc tr x v y cho trc LINEST (known_y's, known_x's, const, stats) : Tnh thng k cho mt ng bng cch dng phng php bnh phng ti thiu (least squares) tnh ng thng thch hp nht vi d liu, ri tr v mng m t ng thng . Lun dng hm ny dng cng thc mng. LOGEST (known_y's, known_x's, const, stats) : Dng trong phn tch hi quy. Hm s tnh ng cong hm m ph hp vi d liu c cung cp, ri tr v mng ga tr m t ng cong . Lun dng hm ny dng cng thc mng PEARSON (array1, array2) : Tnh h s tng quan momen tch pearson (r), mt ch mc khng th nguyn, trong khong t -1 n 1, phn nh s m rng quan h tuyn tnh gia hai tp s liu RSQ (known_y's, known_x's) : Tnh bnh phng h s tng quan momen tch Pearson (r), thng qua cc im d liu trong known_y's v known_x's SLOPE (known_y's, known_x's) : Tnh h s gc ca ng hi quy tuyn tnh thng qua cc im d liu STEYX (known_y's, known_x's) : Tr v sai s chun ca tr d on y i vi mi tr x trong hi quy.

TREND (known_y's, known_x's, new_x's, const) : Tr v cc tr theo xu th tuyn tnh CC HM TI CHNH - FINANCIAN FUNCTIONS: ACCRINT (issue, first_interest, settlement, rate, par, frequency, basis, calc_method) : Tnh li tch ly cho mt chng khon tr li theo nh k ACCRINTM (issue, settlement, rate, par, basis) : Tnh li tch ly i vi chng khon tr li theo k hn AMORDEGRC (cost, date_purchased, first_period, salvage, period, rate, basis) : Tnh khu hao trong mi ti kha k ton ty theo thi hn s dng ca ti sn (s dng trong cc h thng k ton theo kiu Php) AMORLINC (cost, date_purchased, first_period, salvage, period, rate, basis) : Tnh khu hao trong mi ti kha k ton (s dng trong cc h thng k ton theo kiu Php) COUPDAYBS (settlement, maturity, frequency, basis) : Tnh s ngy k t u k li ti ngy kt ton COUPDAYS (settlement, maturity, frequency, basis) : Tnh s ngy trong k li bao gm c ngy kt ton COUPDAYSCN (settlement, maturity, frequency, basis) : Tnh s ngy t ngy kt ton ti ngy tnh li k tip COUPNCD (settlement, maturity, frequency, basis) : Tr v mt con s th hin ngy tnh li k tip k t sau ngy kt ton COUPNUM (settlement, maturity, frequency, basis) : Tnh s ln li sut phi tr trong khong t ngy kt ton n ngy o hn COUPPCD (settlement, maturity, frequency, basis) : Tr v mt con s th hin ngy thanh ton li ln trc, trc ngy kt ton CUMIPMT (rate, nper, pv, start_period, end_period, type) : Tnh li tc tch ly phi tr i vi khon vay trong khong thi gian gia start_period v end_period CUMPRINC (rate, nper, pv, start_period, end_period, type) : Tr v tin vn tch ly phi tr i vi khon vay trong khong thi gian gia start_period v end_period DB (cost, salvage, life, period, month) : Tnh khu hao cho mt ti sn s dng phng php s d gim dn theo mt mc c nh (fixed-declining balance method) trong mt khong thi gian xc nh.

DDB (cost, salvage, life, period, factor) : Tnh khu hao cho mt ti sn s dng phng php s d gim dn kp (double-declining balance method), hay gim dn theo mt t l no , trong mt khong thi gian xc nh. DISC (settlement, maturity, pr, redemption, basis) : Tnh t l chit khu ca mt chng khon DOLLARDE (fractional_dollar, fraction) : Chuyn i gi dollar dng phn s sang gi dollar dng thp phn DOLLARFR (decimal_dollar, fraction) : Chuyn i gi dollar dng thp phn s sang gi dollar dng phn s DURATION (settlement, maturity, coupon, yld, frequency, basis) : Tnh thi hn hiu lc Macauley da trn ng mnh gi $100 (thi hn hiu lc l trung bnh trng gi tr hin ti ca dng lun chuyn tin mt v c dng lm thc o v s phn hi lm thay i li nhun ca gi tr tri phiu) EFFECT (nominal_rate, npery) : Tnh li sut thc t hng nm, bit trc li sut danh ngha hng nm v tng s k thanh ton li kp mi nm FV (rate, nper, pmt, pv, type) : Tnh gi tr k hn ca s u t da trn vic chi tr c nh theo k v li sut c nh FVSCHEDULE (principal, schedule) : Tnh gi tr k hn ca mt vn ban u sau khi p dng mt chui cc li sut kp (tnh gi tr k hn cho mt u t c li sut thay i) INTRATE (settlement, maturity, investment, redemption, basis) : Tnh li sut cho mt chng khon u t ton b IPMT (rate, per, nper, pv, fv, type) : Tr v khon thanh ton li cho mt u t da trn vic chi tr c nh theo k v da trn li sut khng i IRR (values, guess) : Tnh li sut ni hm cho mt chui cc lu ng tin mt c th hin bi cc tr s ISPMT (rate, per, nper, pv) : Tnh s tin li tr ti mt k no i vi mt khon vay c li sut khng i, sau khi tr s tin gc phi tr cho k . MDURATION (settlement, maturity, coupon, yld, frequency, basis) : Tnh thi hn Macauley sa i cho chng khon da trn ng mnh gi $100 MIRR (values, finance_rate, reinvest_rate) : Tnh t sut doanh li ni ti trong mt chui lun chuyn tin mt theo chu k NOMINAL (effect_rate, npery) : Tnh li sut danh ngha hng nm, bit trc li sut

thc t v cc k tnh li kp mi nm NPER (rate, pmt, pv, fv, type) : Tnh s k hn tr khon vay trong u t da trn tng chu k, s tin tr v t sut li tc c nh NPV (rate, value1, value2, ...) : Tnh hin gi rng ca mt khon u t bng cch s dng t l chiu khu vi cc chi khon tr k hn (tr m) v thu nhp (tr dng) ODDFPRICE (settlement, maturity, issue, first_coupon, rate, yld, redemption, frequency, basis) : Tnh gi tr trn mi ng mnh gi $100 ca chng khon c k u tin l (ngn hn hay di hn) ODDFYIELD (settlement, maturity, issue, first_coupon, rate, pr, redemption, frequency, basis) : Tr v li nhun ca mt chng khon c k tnh li u tin l l (ngn hn hay di hn) ODDLPRICE (settlement, maturity, last_interest, rate, yld, redemption, frequency, basis) : Tnh gi tr trn mi ng mnh gi $100 ca chng khon c k tnh li phiu cui cng l l (ngn hn hay di hn) ODDLYIELD (settlement, maturity, last_interest, rate, pr, redemption, frequency, basis) : Tnh li nhun ca chng khon c k cui cng l l (ngn hn hay di hn) PMT (rate, nper, pv, fv, type) : Tnh tin phi tr i vi khon vay c li sut khng i v chi tr u n PPMT (rate, per, nper, pv, fv, type) : Tnh khon vn thanh ton trong mt k hn cho i vi mt khon u t, trong vic chi tr c thc hin u n theo nh k vi mt li sut khng i PRICE (settlement, maturity, rate, yld, redemption, frequency, basis) : Tnh gi tr chng khon trn ng mnh gi $100, thanh ton li tc theo chu k PRICEDISC (settlement, maturity, discount, redemption, basis) : Tnh gi tr trn ng mnh gi $100 ca mt chng khon chit khu PRICEMAT (settlement, maturity, issue, rate, yld, basis) : Tnh gi tr trn ng mnh gi $100 ca mt chng khon phi thanh ton li vo ngy o hn PV (rate, nper, pmt, fv, type) : Tnh gi tr hin ti ca mt khon u t RATE (nper, pmt, pv, fv, type, guess) : Tnh li sut mi k trong mt nin kim REVEICED (settlement, maturity, investment, discount, basis) : Tnh s tin nhn c vo k hn thanh ton cho mt chng khon u t ton b

SLN (cost, salvage, life) : Tnh chi ph khu hao (theo phng php ng thng) ca mt ti sn trong mt k SYD (cost, salvage, life, per) : Tnh khu hao theo gi tr cn li ca ti sn trong nh k xc nh TBILLEQ (settlement, maturity, discount) : Tnh li nhun tng ng vi tri phiu cho tri phiu kho bc TBILLPRICE (settlement, maturity, discount) : Tnh gi tr ng mnh gi $100 cho tri phiu kho bc TBILLYIELD (settlement, maturity, pr) : Tnh li nhun cho tri phiu kho bc VDB (cost, salvage, life, start_period, end_period, factor, no_switch) : Tnh khu hao ti sn s dng trong nhiu k XIRR (values, dates, guess) : Tnh li sut ni hm cho mt lot lu ng tin mt khng nh k XNPV (rate, values, dates) : Tnh t gi rng cho mt dy lu ng tin mt khng nh k YIELD (settlement, maturity, rate, pr, redemption, frequency, basis) : Tnh li nhun i vi chng khon tr li theo nh k YIELDDISC (settlement, maturity, pr, redemption, basis) : Tnh li nhun hng nm cho chng khon chit khu YIELDMAT (settlement, maturity, issue, rate, pr, basis) : Tnh li nhun hng nm ca chng khon tr li vo ngy o hn Danh mc cc Cc Hm Qun l C s d liu v Danh sch DAVERAGE (database, field, criteria) : Tnh trung bnh cc gi tr trong mt ct ca danh sch hay cc tr ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. DCOUNT (database, field, criteria) : m cc cha s liu trong mt ct ca danh sch hay cc tr ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. DCOUNTA (database, field, criteria) : m cc "khng rng" trong mt ct ca danh sch hay cc tr ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. DGET (database, field, criteria) : Trch mt gi tr t mt ct ca mt danh sch hay c s d liu, khp vi iu kin c ch nh.

DMAX (database, field, criteria) : Tr v tr ln nht trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. DMIN (database, field, criteria) : Tr v tr nh nht trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. DRODUCT (database, field, criteria) : Nhn cc gi tr trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. DSTDEV (database, field, criteria) : c lng lch chun ca mt tp hp theo mu, bng cch s dng cc s liu trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. DSTDEVP (database, field, criteria) : Tnh lch chun ca mt tp hp theo ton th cc tp hp, bng cch s dng cc s liu trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. DSUM (database, field, criteria) : Cng cc s trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. DVAR (database, field, criteria) : c lng s bin thin ca mt tp hp da trn mt mu, bng cch s dng cc s liu trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. DVARP (database, field, criteria) : Tnh ton s bin thin ca mt tp hp da trn ton th tp hp, bng cch s dng cc s liu trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. GETPIVOTDATA (data_field, pivot_table, field1, item1, field2, item2,...) : Tr v d liu c lu gi trong bo co PivotTable. C th dng GETPIVOTDATA ly d liu tng kt t mt bo co PivotTable, vi iu kin l phi thy c d liu tng kt t trong bo co . Ni chung v Cc Hm Qun l C s d liu v Danh sch Microsoft Excel cung cp nhiu hm dng cho vic phn tch d liu trong danh sch hay c s d liu. Nhng hm ny bt u bng ch D. Mi hm u s dng 3 i s l database, field v criteria; nhng i s ny l cc tham chiu n cc mng trong bng tnh. * database : L mt dy cc to nn danh sch hay c s d liu. Mt c s d liu l mt danh sch d liu gm nhng mu tin, v c ct d liu l cc trng (field). Dng u tin trong danh sch lun cha tn trng. * field : Cho bit ct no c s dng trong hm. field c th c cho dng text vi tn ct c trong cp du ngoc kp (nh "Age", "Yield"...) hay l s i din cho v tr ca ct (1, 2, ...) * criteria : L mt dy cc cha iu kin. C th dng bt c dy no cho phn iu

kin ny, min l dy c t nht mt tn ct v mt bn di tn ct lm iu kin cho hm (xem thm bi Mt s v d v cch dng Criteria nhp iu kin sau y). HM NGY THNG V THI GIAN Mt s lu khi s dng ngy thng v thi gian trong Excel: Excel h tr tnh ton ngy thng cho Windows v Macintosh. Windows dng h ngy bt u t 1900. Macitosh dng h ngy bt u t 1904. Ti liu ny c din gii theo h ngy 1900 dnh cho Windows. H thng ngy gi Excel ph thuc vo thit lp trong Regional Options ca Control Panel. Mc nh l h thng ca M "Thng/Ngy/Nm" (M/d/yyyy). Bn c th sa li thnh h thng ngy ca VN "Ngy/Thng/Nm" (dd/MM/yyyy). Khi bn nhp mt gi tr ngy thng khng hp l n s tr thnh mt chui vn bn. Cng thc tham chiu ti gi tr s tr v li. =NOW() Cho hin ngy gi ca h thng =TODAY() Cho ngy ca h thng =DAY(D) Cho gi tr ngy ca D (Tr v th t ca ngy trong thng t mt gi tr kiu ngy thng) =MONTH(D) Cho gi tr thng ca D =YEAR(D) Cho gi tr nm ca D =DAYS360(BTNT1, BTNT2) Tnh s ngy gia 2 mc ngy thng da trn c s mt nm c 360 ngy. =EDATE Tr v mc thi gian xy ra trc hoc sau mc ch nh =EOMONTH Tr v ngy cui cng ca thng xy ra trc hoc sau mc ch nh Hm HOUR() Cho bit s ch gi trong mt gi tr thi gian C php: = HOUR(serial_number) serial_number: Biu thc thi gian hoc l mt con s ch gi tr thi gian V d: HOUR(0.5) = 12 (gi) Hm MINUTE() Cho bit s ch pht trong mt gi tr thi gian C php: = MINUTE(serial_number) serial_number: Biu thc thi gian hoc l mt con s ch gi tr thi gian V d: By gi l 10:20 PM, MINUTE(NOW()) = 20 (pht) =MONTH Tr v s thng ca mt gi tr kiu ngy thng.

=NETWORKDAYS Tr v s ngy lm vic trong mc thi gian a ra sau khi tr i ngy ngh v ngy l. =NOW Tr v ngy gi hin ti trong h thng ca bn. Hm SECOND() Cho bit s ch giy trong mt gi tr thi gian C php: = SECOND(serial_number) serial_number: Biu thc thi gian hoc l mt con s ch gi tr thi gian V d: SECOND("2:45:30 PM") = 30 (giy) Hm TIME() Tr v mt gi tr thi gian no C php: = TIME(hour, minute, second) hour: S ch gi, l mt con s t 0 n 23. Nu ln hn 23, Excel s t tr i mt bi s ca 24. minute: S ch pht, l mt con s t 0 n 59. Nu ln hn 59, Excel s tnh li v tng s gi ln tng ng. second: S ch giy, l mt con s t 0 n 59. Nu ln hn 59, Excel s tnh li v tng s pht, s gi ln tng ng. V d: TIME(14, 45, 30) = 2:45:30 PM TIME(14, 65, 30) = 3:05:30 PM TIME(25, 85, 75) = 2:26:15 AM * Cng nh DATE(), hm TIME() rt hu dng khi hour, minute, second l nhng cng thc m khng phi l mt con s, n s gip chng ta tnh ton chnh xc hn Hm TIMEVALUE() Chuyn i mt chui vn bn c dng thi gian thnh mt gi tr thi gian c th tnh ton c C php: = TIMEVALUE(time_text) time_text: Chui vn bn cn chuyn i V d: TIMEVALUE("26:15") = 0.09375 (= 2:15:00 AM) =WEEKDAY Tr v s th t ca ngy trong tun t gi tr ngy thng. =WEEKNUM Tr v s th t ca tun trong nm t gi tr ngy thng. =WORKDAY Tr v ngy lm vic xy ra trc hoc sau mc thi gian a ra. Trong cng vic hng ngy, chc hn chng ta hay ngh n chuyn vic lm ny ca mnh mt ht my phn trm ca mt nm, v d, mt ngy ng ht 6 ting, l 1/4 ngy, vy mt nm chng ta ng ht 25% (hic) thi gian... Hoc mt nhn vin ca cng ty xin ngh vic vo thng 5, lng tnh theo nm, vy cng

ty phi tr cho ngi bao nhiu phn trm lng khi cho ngh vic? Excel c mt hm tnh t l ca mt khong thi gian trong mt nm, v cho php tnh theo nhiu kiu (nm 365 ngy, hay nm 360 ngy, tnh theo kiu M hay theo kiu chu u...): Hm YEARFRAC() (Dch t ch Year: nm, v Frac = Fraction: t l) C php: = YEARFRAC(start_date, end_date [, basis]) start_date, end_date: Ngy thng i din cho ngy bt u v ngy kt thc ca khong thi gian cn tnh ton. Nn nhp bng hm DATE(), hoc dng mt kt qu tr v ca mt cng thc khc, v c th s xy ra li nu bn nhp trc tip ngy thng di dng text. basis: Mt con s, quy nh kiu tnh: * 0 : (hoc khng nhp) Tnh ton theo kiu Bc M, mt nm c 360 ngy chia cho 12 thng, mt thng c 30 ngy. * 1 : Tnh ton theo s ngy thc t ca nm v s ngy thc t ca tng thng * 2 : Tnh ton theo mt nm c 360 ngy, nhng s ngy l s ngy thc t ca tng thng * 3 : Tnh ton theo mt nm c 365 ngy, v s ngy l s ngy thc t ca tng thng * 4 : Tnh ton theo kiu Chu u,mi thng c 30 ngy (nu start_date hoc end_date m ri vo ngy 31 ca mt thng th chng s c i thnh ngy 30 ca thng ) V d: Tnh t l gia ngy 15/3/2007 v ngy 30/7/2007 so vi 1 nm: YEARFRAC("15/3/2007", "30/7/2007") = 37% Tnh s ngy chnh lch theo kiu mt nm c 360 ngy Hin nay, vn cn mt s h thng k ton dng kiu tnh thi gian l mt thng coi nh c 30 ngy v mt nm coi nh c 360 ngy! Gp trng hp ny, vic tnh ton thi gian s khng n gin, v thc t th s ngy trong mi thng u c ging nhau. C l v ngh n chuyn , nn Excel c mt hm dnh ring cho cc h thng k ton da trn c s mt nm c 360 ngy, l hm DAYS360. Hm DAYS360() C php: = DAYS360(start_date, end_date [, method]) start_date, end_date: Ngy thng i din cho ngy bt u v ngy kt thc ca khong thi gian cn tnh ton. Nn nhp bng hm DATE(), hoc dng mt kt qu tr v ca mt cng thc khc, v c th s xy ra li nu bn nhp trc tip ngy thng di dng text. method: Mt gi tr logic (TRUE, FALSE) ch cch tnh ton, theo kiu chu u hay theo kiu M. * FALSE: (hoc khng nhp) Tnh ton theo kiu M: Nu start_date l ngy 31 ca thng, th n c i thnh ngy 30 ca thng . Nu end_date l ngy 31 ca thng v start_date nh hn 30, th end_date c i thnh ngy 1 ca thng k tip. * TRUE: Tnh ton theo kiu chu u: H start_date hoc end_date m ri vo ngy 31 ca mt thng th chng s c i thnh ngy 30 ca thng .

V d: So snh s ngy chnh lch gia 01/01/2008 v 31/5/2008 theo kiu mt nm c 360 ngy v theo kiu thng (dng hm DATEDIF) DAYS360("01/01/2008", "31/5/2008") = 150 DAYS360("01/01/2008", "31/5/2008", TRUE) = 149 DATEDIF("01/01/2008", "31/5/2008", "d") = 151 Tnh s ngy lm vic gia hai khong thi gian Bnh thng, nu ly ngy thng tr ngy thng, kt qu s bao gm lun nhng ngy l, ngy ngh, v.v... Cn nu tnh s ngy lm vic trong mt khong thi gian, th phi tr bt i nhng ngy khng lm vic. Trong Excel c mt hm chuyn tnh ton nhng ngy lm vic gia hai khong thi gian m khng bao gm cc ngy th By, Ch Nht v nhng ngy ngh khc c ch nh: Hm NETWORKDAYS (ng nguyn ngha ca n: net workdays). D nhin hm ny ch thch hp vi nhng c quan lm vic 5 ngy mt tun, ch nh chng ta, lm tut, c khi l 365 ngy mt nm (hic) th hm ny v tc dng! Hm NETWORKDAYS() C php: = NETWORKDAYS(start_date, end_date [, holidays]) start_date, end_date: Ngy thng i din cho ngy bt u v ngy kt thc cng vic. Nn nhp bng hm DATE(), hoc dng mt kt qu tr v ca mt cng thc khc, v c th s xy ra li nu bn nhp trc tip ngy thng di dng text. holidays: Danh sch nhng ngy ngh ngoi nhng ngy th By v Ch Nht. Danh sch ny c th l mt vng c t tn. Nu nhp trc tip th phi b trong cp du mc {}. V d: Cng thc tnh s ngy lm vic gia ngy 1/12/2007 v ngy 10/1/2008, trong c ngh ngy Noel (25/12) v ngy Tt Ty (1/1): = NETWORKDAYS("01/12/2007", "10/01/2008", {"12/25/2007", "1/1/2008"}) Hm DATEDIF() C l cch d nht khi mun tnh ton ngy thng nm l dng hm DATEDIF(). Nhng c mt iu ti khng hiu l: hm ny dng tt, nhng khng h c trong danh sch hm ca Excel (Excel 2007 cng khng), v cng khng c mt ci help no cho n c! Cho nn, c mt s ngi s dng Excel phi ni l c thm nin, m vn khng h bit Excel c hm DATEDIF()... C php: = DATEDIF(start_day, end_day, unit) start_day: Ngy u end_day: Ngy cui (phi ln hn ngy u) unit: Chn loi kt qu tr v (khi dng trong hm phi g trong du ngoc kp) y : s nm chnh lch gia ngy u v ngy cui m : s thng chnh lch gia ngy u v ngy cui d : s ngy chnh lch gia ngy u v ngy cui md : s ngy chnh lch gia ngy u v thng ngy cui, m khng ph thuc vo s nm v s thng ym : s thng chnh lch gia ngy u v ngy cui, m khng ph thuc vo s nm v

s ngy yd : s ngy chnh lch gia ngy u v ngy cui, m khng ph thuc vo s nm V d: DATEDIF("01/01/2000", "31/12/2100", "y") = 100 (nm) DATEDIF("01/01/2000", "31/12/2100", "m") = 1211 (thng) DATEDIF("01/01/2000", "31/12/2100", "d") = 36889 (ngy) DATEDIF("01/01/2000", "31/12/2100", "md") = 30 (= ngy 31 - ngy 1) DATEDIF("01/01/2000", "31/12/2100", "ym") = 11 (= thng 12 - thng 1) DATEDIF("01/01/2000", "31/12/2100", "yd") = 365 (= ngy 31/12 - ngy 1/1) *Tnh tui (2): bi trc, ti a ra mt ci cng thc tnh tui di thong nh vy: = YEAR(NOW() - YEAR(Birthdate) - (DATE(YEAR(NOW()), MONTH(Birthdate), DAY(Birthdate)) > TODAY()) l khi cha bit n hm DATEDIF(). By gi, vi DATEDIF(), cng thc trn ch ngn nh vy thi, m ra kt qu vn chnh xc: = DATEDIF(Birthdate, TODAY(), "y") V d, hm nay l ngy 09/01/2007: * Vi ngy sinh l 05/01/1969 ( t chc sinh nht ri), DATEDIF("05/01/1969", TODAY(), "y") = 39 * Nhng vi ngy sinh l 11/1/1969 (cha t chc sinh nht), DATEDIF("11/01/1969", TODAY(), "y") = 38 *Tm mt gi, pht, giy no tnh t lc ny Nh ti ni trn, hm TIME() s t ng iu chnh kt qu ca mt gi tr thi gian khi nhng thng s trong hm khng hp l (gi > 24, pht v giy > 60). V do , khi cn tnh ton hoc tm mt gi tr thi gian no k t lc ny (hoc bt k lc no), ngi ta thng s dng hm TIME(). V d, cng thc sau y s cho ra kt qu l thi gian vo 12 ting na k t lc ny: = TIME(HOUR(NOW()) + 12, MINUTE(NOW()), SECOND(NOW())) Khng ging nh hm DATE(), bn khng th n gin cng thm gi, pht, hay giy trong hm TIME(). V d cng thc sau y ch lm mi chuyn l tng thm 1 ngy vo ngy thng nm v thi gian hin ti: = NOW() + 1 Nu bn mun cng thm gi, pht, hay giy vo mt gi tr thi gian, bn phi tnh thi gian cng thm theo mt t l ca mt ngy. V d, bi v mt ngy th c 24 gi, nn mt gi c tnh nh l 1/24. Cng vy, bi v mt gi th c 60 pht, nn mt pht s c tnh nh l 1/24/60 (ca mt ngy). V cui cng, bi v c 60 giy trong mt pht, nn 1 giy trong mt ngy s c tnh bng 1/24/60/60. *Tnh tng thi gian Khi tnh tng thi gian, bn nn phn bit hai trng hp sau y: * Cng thm gi, pht, giy: V d, by gi l 8 gi, cng thm 2 ting na, l 10 gi... Hoc by gi l 23 gi, cng thm 3 ting na l 2 gi sng (ch khng phi 26 gi)... Nu cng kiu ny th bn c cng bnh thng, dng hm TIME() v nu cn th theo bng

hng dn trn. * Cng tng thi gian lm vic: Mi ngy ti lm vic 18 ting, vy hai ngy ti lm my ting? l 36 ting. Nhng nu bn dng format bnh thng dng thi gian th Excel n s t quy ra (36-24) = 12:00... c kt qu l 36:00, bn phi nh dng thi gian cho theo kiu: [h]:mm:ss (gi nm trong mt cp du ngoc vung) Ly li nh dng ngy thng i khi, bn nhn c mt ci database m khng hiu v mt l do g , cell cha ngy thng nm n nh sau: 20070823, ngha l n c nh dng theo kiu YYYYMMDD. Trng hp ny, khng th dng Format Cell ca Excel nh dng li, m bn phi dng n hm DATE(year, month, day) v cc hm x l text, v d hm LEFT(), MID() v RIGHT() ly cc tr s ngy, thng, nm cho hm DATE(): Ti gi s con s 20070823 ny ang nm cell A1, th cng thc LEFT(A1, 4) s cho ta tr s ca nm, MID(A1, 3, 2) s cho tr s ca thng v RIGHT(A1, 2) s cho tr s ca ngy. Gi s trong Control Panel ca bn nh dng ngy thng nm theo kiu dd/mm/yyyy, v cell nhn kt qu ca bn c nh dng theo kiu ngy thng nm, bn dng hm DATE(year, month, day) vi 3 tham s l 3 cng thc va lm trn, ta s c: =DATE(LEFT(A1, 4), MID(A1, 5, 2), RIGHT(A1, 2)) 23/8/2007 HM TM KIM V THAM CHIU Bao gm cc hm tm kim v tham chiu rt hu ch khi bn lm vic vi CSDL ln trong EXCEL nh k ton, tnh lng, thu... =ADDRESS(row_num, column_num [, abs_num] [, a1] [, sheet_text]) Dng to a ch dng chui k t, theo ch s dng v ch s ct c cung cp. row_num: S th t dng ca a ch column_num: S th t ct ca a ch abs_num: Kiu a ch (tuyt i hay tng i) - mc nh l tuyt i a1: Dng a ch (=TRUE: dng A1; =FALSE: dng R1C1) - mc nh l TRUE sheet_text: Tn ca sheet cha a ch - mc nh l khng c =AREAS(reference) Tr v s vng tham chiu trong mt tham chiu. Mi vng tham chiu c th l mt ri rc hoc l mt dy lin tc trong bng tnh. reference: L mt hoc nhiu vng tham chiu m bn cn m. Nu mun a nhiu vng ri rc nhau vo cng thc th bn phn cch chng bng du phy, nu khng ngn bng du phy, Excel s khng m (xem v d 3 di y) =CHOOSE Tr v gi tr trong mng gi tr ti v tr c ch nh.

=COLUMN(reference) Tr v s th t ct ca u tin gc trn bn tri ca vng tham chiu. reference: L hoc mt vng nhiu . Nu reference b trng th COLUMN() tr v s th t ct ca cha cng thc. =COLUMNS(array) Tr v s ct ca vng tham chiu. array: L hoc mt vng nhiu , mng tham chiu =HYPERLINK(link_location, friendly_name) To mt siu lin kt, mt lin kt m mt ti liu... link_location: ng dn n ti liu cn m, nhp dng chui k t. Link_location c th ch n mt c bit, tn ca mt dy trong mt trang bng tnh hoc mt bng tnh, hoc ch n mt nh du (bookmark) trong Microsoft Excel. Link_location cng c th ch n mt tp tin lu trn cng, hoc mt ng dn truy xut ni b trn mt my ch hoc mt ng dn ti nguyn URL trn mng intranet, internet. - Link_location c th l mt chui k t t trong du nhy kp, hoc mt no cha ng dn di dng chui k t. - Nu link_location lin kt n mt ti nguyn khng tn ti, s xut hin li khi bn kch vo cha hm HYPERLINK() ny. firendly_name: L ni dung hin th trong cha hm HYPERLINK(), c th l mt s, hoc chui k t. Ni dung ny s hin th bng mu xanh v c gch chn, nu khng c firendly_name th chnh link_location s hin th. - Firendly_name c th l mt gi tr, mt chui k t, mt tn mng, hoc mt lin kt n mt gi tr hoc mt chui vn bn. - Nu firendly_name lin kt n mt gi tr b li, th chnh tn ci li s c hin th thay th cho ni dung bn cn. V d: =HYPERLINK("http://example.microsoft.com/report/bu dget report.xls", "Click for report") s hin th: Click for report, v khi bn click vo ny, Excel s m bng tnh budget report.xls ca trang web http://example.microsoft.com/report =HYPERLINK("F:GPEbook2.xls",F10) s hin th ni dung ca F10 v khi bn click vo ny, Excel s m bng tnh book2.xls th mc GPE ca F =HYPERLINK("F:GPEbook2.xls",F10) s hin th ni dung ca F10 v khi bn click vo ny, Excel s m bng tnh book2.xls th mc GPE ca F =MATCH Tr v v tr ca mt gi tr trong bng d liu =INDEX Tr v mt gi tr trong bng d liu tng ng vi ch mc ca n. Tm kim trong nhiu ct i khi, cc d liu dng tm kim khng nm mt ct m trong nhiu ct. V d, bn c mt danh sch c tch sn h v tn ring ra hai ct.

Ngi ta yu cu da vo h v tn xc nh chc v. Chng ta c th dng mt ct ph ni h v tn li ri tm theo ct ph... Nhng c l khng cn, v ti s dng hm INDEX() v MATCH() vi cng thc mng. Hm MATCH() c mt c php t ngi bit n, l: =MATCH(value1 & value2, array1 & array2, match_type) value1 & value2 l cc d liu tm (v d h v tn) array1 & array2 l cc ct (hoc hng) cha cc d liu dng tm kim V y l c php dng INDEX() ghp vi MATCH() trong cng thc mng: {=INDEX(reference, MATCH(value1 & value2, array1 & array2, match_type))} =INDIRECT(ref_text [, a1]) ref_text l tham chiu ti mt (c th l dng A1 hoc dng R1C1), l tn nh ngha ca mt tham chiu, hoc l mt tham chiu dng chui. -Nu ref_text khng hp l, INDIRECT() s bo li #REF! -Nu ref_text cha tham chiu n mt bng tnh khc th bng tnh ny phi ang m, nu khng, INDIRECT() cng bo li #REF! a1 l gi tr logic xc nh dng tham chiu bn trong ref_text. a1 = TRUE (hoc l 1, hoc khng nhp) l kiu tham chiu A1 a1 = FALSE (hoc l 2) l kiu tham chiu R1C1 Tr v gi tr ca mt tham chiu t chui k t. Tham chiu c tr v ngay tc thi hin th ni dung ca chng. Cng c th dng hm INDIRECT khi mun thay i tham chiu ti mt bn trong mt cng thc m khng cn thay i cng thc . =LOOKUP D tm mt gi tr Hm LOOKUP Dng d tm mt gi tr t mt dng hoc mt ct trong mt dy hoc mt mng gi tr. Hm LOOKUP() c hai dng: Vec-t (vector form) v Mng (array form) * Dng Vec-t: LOOKUP() tm kim trn mt dng hoc mt ct, nu tm thy s tr v gi tr ca cng v tr trn dng (hoc ct) c ch nh. * Dng Mng: LOOKUP() tm kim trn dng (hoc ct) u tin ca mt mng gi tr, nu tm thy s tr v gi tr ca cng v tr trn dng (hoc ct) cui cng trong mng . ^^ Vector form (dng vec-t) C php: LOOKUP(lookup_value, lookup_vector, result_vector) lookup_value: L gi tr LOOKUP() s tm kim trong lookup_vector. N c th l mt s, mt k t, mt gi tr logic, mt tn c nh ngha ca mt vng hoc mt tham chiu n mt gi tr.

lookup_vector: L mt vng m ch gm mt dng (hoc mt ct) c cha lookup_value. Nhng gi tr cha trong vng ny c th l mt s, mt k t hoc mt gi tr logic. - lookup_vector phi c sp xp theo th t tng dn, nu khng, LOOKUP() c th cho kt qu khng chnh xc. - Nu khng tm thy lookup_value trong lookup_vector th LOOKUP() s ly gi tr ln nht m nh hn hoc bng lookup_value. - Nu lookup_value nh hn gi tr nh nht trong lookup_vector th LOOKUP() s bo li #NA! result_vector: L mt vng m ch gm mt dng (hoc mt ct) cha gi tr tr v. Kch thc ca result_vector bt buc phi bng kch thc ca lookup_vector. ^^ Array form (dng mng) C php: LOOKUP(lookup_value, array) lookup_value: L gi tr LOOKUP() s tm kim trong array. N c th l mt s, mt k t, mt gi tr logic, mt tn c nh ngha ca mt vng hoc mt tham chiu n mt gi tr. - Nu khng tm thy lookup_value trong array th LOOKUP() s ly gi tr ln nht m nh hn hoc bng lookup_value. - Nu lookup_value nh hn gi tr nh nht trong ct hoc hng u tin trong array th LOOKUP() s bo li #NA! array: L mt vng cha lookup_value, c th l s, k t, hoc gi tr logic. Dng mng ca LOOKUP() gn tng ng nh hm VLOOKUP() hoc HLOOKUP(). Khc bit ch VLOOKUP() v HLOOKUP() tm kim trn ct (hoc dng) u tin, cn LOOKUP() tm kim trn ct hoc trn dng ty thuc vo dng mng c khai bo: - Nu array l mng c s ct nhiu hn s dng th LOOKUP() s tm trn dng u tin. - Nu array l mng c s dng nhiu hn s ct th LOOKUP() s tm trn ct u tin. - Trng hp array l mng c s dng bng s ct th LOOKUP() s tm trn ct u tin. - VLOOKUP() v HLOOKUP() ly kt qu trn ct (hoc) dng c ch nh, cn LOOKUP() lun lun ly kt qu trn dng (hoc ct) cui cng. - Cc gi tr trn dng (hoc ct) u tin ca array phi c sp xp theo th t tng dn, nu khng, LOOKUP() c th cho kt qu khng chnh xc. Hm GETPIVOTDATA() Tr v d liu c lu gi trong bo co PivotTable. C th dng GETPIVOTDATA() ly d liu tng kt t mt bo co PivotTable, vi iu kin l phi thy c d liu tng kt t trong bo co . nhanh chng nhp cng thc GETPIVOTDATA(), bn c th g du = vo mun nhn d liu tng kt, ri nhp vo cha s liu tng kt ca bo co PivotTable. C php: = GETPIVOTDATA(data_field, pivot_table, field1, item1, field2, item2,...) data_field : Tn trng cha d liu tng kt ca bo co PivotTable. Tn ny phi c t trong mt cp du nhy kp.

pivot_data : Tham chiu n mt , dy , hoc tn dy bn trong mt bo co PivotTable. Thng tin ny c dng xc nh bo co PivotTable no cha d liu tr v. field1, item1, field2, item2,... : C th c t 1 n 126 (vi Excel 2003 tr v trc th con s ny ch l 14) cp tn field v item m t d liu mun tr v. Nhng cp ny c th thuc bt c loi no. Nu tn field v item khng l ngy thng hoc s liu, cn phi t chng trong cp du nhy kp. i vi loi bo co OLAP PivotTable, items c th bao gm y ng dn ln tn ca item. Mt cp field v item ca OLAP PivotTable c th nh sau: "[Product]","[Product].[All Products].[Foods].[Baked Goods]" Lu : * Cc field hay item tnh ton v cc php tnh t to c th c t trong php tnh GETPIVOTDATA. * Nu pivot_table l mt dy c cha nhiu hn 1 bo co PivotTable, d liu tr v s l t bo co c to ra sau cng. * Nu i s field v cc i s ca item m t ch mi mt , gi tr ca s c tr v m khng cn bit gi tr l chui, l s, l li, hay l mt th g ... * Nu item cha ngy thng, gi tr phi c biu din di dng mt chui s hoc c thit lp bng cch dng hm DATE() gi tr s khng bin i khi bng tnh c m mt my khc, c h thng nh dng ngy thng khc vi ni to ra n. V d, mt item tham chiu ti ngy 5 thng 3 nm 1999 c th c nhp l 36224 hay DATE(1999, 3, 5). Thi gian c th c nhp nh mt gi tr thp phn hoc bng cch dng hm TIME(). * Nu pivot_table khng phi l mt dy c cha bo co PivotTable, GETPIVOTDATA() s tr v li #REF! * Nu cc i s miu t mt field khng th thy c, hoc nu chng gm mt trng khng hin th, GETPIVOTDATA() cng s tr v li #REF! Hm DGET() Trch mt gi tr t mt ct ca mt danh sch hay c s d liu, khp vi iu kin c ch nh. C php: = DGET(database, field, criteria) =OFFSET(reference, rows, cols [, height] [, width]) Tr v mt vng tham chiu t mt vng xut pht. y l mt trong nhng hm rt hay ca Excel, v c ng dng rt nhiu. N dng tham chiu n mt vng no , bt u t mt , hoc mt dy , vi mt khong cch c ch nh. reference: L vng m bn mun lm im xut pht tham chiu n vng khc. Reference phi ch n mt hoc mt dy lin tc, nu khng, hm s bo li #VALUE! rows: S dng di ln (hoc xung) tnh t reference, nhp s dng nu mun di xung, hoc s m nu mun di ln.

cols: S ct di sang phi tri (hoc phi) tnh t reference, nhp s dng nu mun di sang phi, hoc s m nu mun di sang tri. height: L s dng ( cao) ca vng tham chiu cn tr v. width: L s ct ( rng) ca vng tham chiu cn tr v. Ghi ch: * Nu s dng (rows) hoc ct (cols) vt ra ngoi phm vi bng tnh, hm s bo li #REF! * cao (height) v rng (width) nu khng nhp, th xem nh n bng vi cao v rng ca vng xut pht (reference) =ROW(reference) Tr v s th t dng ca u tin trong dy . Tr v s th t dng ca u tin gc trn bn tri ca vng tham chiu. reference: L hoc mt vng nhiu . Nu reference b trng th ROW() tr v s th t ct ca cha cng thc. =ROWS(array) Tr v s dng ca vng tham chiu. array: L hoc mt vng nhiu , mng tham chiu =TRANSPOSE(array) Chuyn mt vng d liu ngang thnh dc v ngc li. Hm TRANSPOSE() lun lun c nhp dng cng thc mng (nhn Ctrl-Shift-Enter sau khi nhp) array: L mng d liu cn hon chuyn Nu s ct trong vng nhp cng thc nhiu hn s hng ca array, hoc s hng trong vng nhp cng thc nhiu hn s ct ca array, hm s bo li #NA ti nhng b d ra. =VLOOKUP(gi tr tm, vng cn tm, ct cn ly, cch tm) D tm mt gi tr trn ct u tin v tr v ... Hm tm kim v tham chiu theo ct. Vng cn tm: thng ch gi tr tuyt i: $ Ct cn ly: vng cn tm. Cch tm: Tm theo 2 gi tr: 0: Ct bn tri ca vng cn tm khng sp xp (ngm nh) 1: Sp xp tng dn. =HLOOKUP(gi tr tm, vng cn tm, hng cn ly, cch tm) D tm mt gi tr trn hng u tin v tr v ... - ging hm VLOOKUP HM TON HC V LNG GIC Bao gm cc hm v ton hc v lng gic gip bn c th gii mt bi ton i s, gii tch, hoc lng gic t tiu hc n i hc... Lu n quy cch hin th s ca VN v ca US. lun nhp p mt gi tr kiu s bn hy s dng bn phm s. =ABS Tnh tr tuyt i ca mt s

=ACOS Tnh nghch o cosin =ACOSH Tnh nghch o cosin hyperbol =ASIN Tnh nghch o sin =ASINH Tnh nghch o sin hyperbol =ATAN Tnh nghch o tang =ATAN2 Tnh nghch o tang vi ta =ATANH Tnh nghch o tang hyperbol =CEILING L trn n bi s gn nht =COMBIN Tnh t hp t s phn t chn =COS Tnh cosin ca mt gc =COSH Tnh cosin hyperbol =DEGREES i radians sang =EVEN Lm trn mt s n s nguyn chn gn nht. =EXP Tnh ly tha c s e =FACT Tnh giai tha ca mt s =FACTDOUBLE Tnh ly tha cp 2 =FLOOR Lm trn xung n bi s gn nht do bn ch. =GCD Tm c s chung ln nht =INT(X) Lm trn xung s nguyn gn nht (Hm ly gi tr l phn nguyn-Hm cho gi tr l phn nguyn ca X) =LCM Tm bi s chung nh nht =LN Tnh logarit c s t nhin ca mt s =LOG Tnh logarit

=LOG10 Tnh logarit c s 10 =MDETERM Tnh nh thc ca ma trn =MINVERSE Tm ma trn nghch o =MMULT Tnh tch 2 ma trn =MOD(a,b) Hm cho gi tr l phn d ca php chia a:b =MROUND Lm trn mt s n bi s ca s khc. =MULTINOMIAL T l giai tha tng vi tch cc giai tha ca cc s. =ODD Lm trn n mt s nguyn l gn nht. =PI Tr v gi tr pi =POWER Tnh ly tha ca mt s =PRODUCT Tnh tch cc s =QUOTIENT Ly phn nguyn ca php chia =RADIANS i sang radians. =RAND Tr v mt s ngu nhin trong khong 0 v 1 =RANDBETWEEN Tr v mt s ngu nhin trong khong do bn ch nh Hm ROMAN() Dng chuyn i mt s dng -rp sang dng s La-m C php: = ROMAN(number, form) number: S cn chuyn i form: dng chuyn i 0 (hoc TRUE, hoc khng nhp): Dng c in 1 cho n 3: Dng c in nhng c rt gn, s cng ln rt gn cng nhiu (xem thm v d) 4 (hoc FALSE): Dng hin i Ch : * number phi l s dng, nu number < 0 hm s bo li #VALUE! * Nu number l s thp phn, ROMAN() ch chuyn i phn nguyn ca n * Hm ROMAN() ch x l c ti s ln nht l 3999, nu number > 3999 hm s bo li #VALUE! * Sau khi chuyn i, kt qu s l mt d liu dng text, v khng th tnh ton vi n

c na V d: ROMAN(499, 0) = CDXCIX = ROMAN(499) = ROMAN(499, TRUE) ROMAN(499, 1) = LDVLIV ROMAN(499, 2) = XDIX ROMAN(499, 3) = VDIV ROMAN(499, 4) = ID = ROMAN(499, FALSE) ROMAN(2008) = MMVIII =ROUND(X,n) Hm lm trn n s ca X Nu n dng (n>0) s lm trn s bn phi k t v tr du chm thp phn. Nu n m (n<0) s lm trn s bn tri k t v tr du chm thp phn. =ROUNDDOWN Lm trn mt s hng xung zero =ROUNDUP Lm trn mt s hng ra xa zero. =SIN Tnh sin ca mt gc =SINH Tnh sin hyperbol ca mt s =SUM Tnh tng ca cc s =DSUM (vng d liu, ct gi tr, vng tiu chun) Hm tnh tng trong ct gi tr tho mn iu kin ca vng tiu chun trong vng d liu. VD: Tnh tng tin lng nhng ngi 26 tui. Hm SUMIF() Tnh tng cc trong mt vng tha mt iu kin cho trc. C php: = SUMIF(range, criteria, sum_range) Range : Dy cc tnh tng, c th l cha s, tn, mng, hay tham chiu n cc cha s. rng v cha gi tr text s c b qua. Criteria : iu kin tnh tng. C th dng s, biu thc, hoc text. V d, criteria c th l 32, "32", "> 32", hoc "apple", v.v... Sum_range : L vng thc s tnh tng. Nu b qua, Excel s coi nh sum_range = range. Lu : * Sum_range khng nht thit phi cng kch thc vi range. Vng thc s tnh tng c xc nh bng u tin pha trn bn tri ca sum_range, v bao gm thm nhng tng ng vi kch thc ca range. V d: - Nu Range l A1:A5, Sum_range l B1:B5, th vng thc s tnh tng l B1:B5 - Nu Range l A1:A5, Sum_range l B1:B3, th vng thc s tnh tng l B1:B5 - Nu Range l A1:B4, Sum_range l C1:D4, th vng thc s tnh tng l C1:D4

- Nu Range l A1:B4, Sum_range l C1:D2, th vng thc s tnh tng l C1:D4 * C th dng cc k t i din trong iu kin: du ? i din cho mt k t, du * i din cho nhiu k t (nu nh iu kin l tm nhng du ? hoc *, th g thm du ~ trc du ? hay *). * Khi iu kin tnh tng l nhng k t, SUMIF() khng phn bit ch thng hay ch hoa. Hm SUMIFS() Tnh tng cc trong mt vng tha nhiu iu kin cho trc. C php: = SUMIFS(sum_range, criteria_range1, criteria1, criteria_range2, criteria2, ...) Sum_range : Dy cc tnh tng, c th l cha s, tn, mng, hay tham chiu n cc cha s. rng v cha gi tr text s c b qua. Criteria_range1, criteria_range2... : C th c t 1 n 127 vng dng lin kt vi cc iu kin cho vng. Criteria1, criteria2... : C th c t 1 n 127 iu kin tnh tng. Chng c th dng s, biu thc, hoc text. V d, criteria c th l 32, "32", "> 32", hoc "apple", v.v... Lu : * Mi trong sum_range ch c tnh tng nu tt c cc iu kin tng ng vi u ng. Nu tha cc iu kin, n s bng 1, cn khng, th n bng 0. * Khng ging nh nhng i s range v criteria ca hm SUMIF, trong hm SUMIFS, mi vng criteria_range phi c cng kch thc v hnh dng ging nh sum_range. * C th dng cc k t i din trong cc iu kin: du ? i din cho mt k t, du * i din cho nhiu k t (nu nh iu kin l tm nhng du ? hoc *, th g thm du ~ trc du ? hay *) * Khi iu kin m l nhng k t, SUMIFS() khng phn bit ch thng hay ch hoa. Hm SUMSQ() Dng tnh tng cc bnh phng ca cc s C php: = SUMSQ(number1, number2, ...) number1, number2, ... : C th dng n 255 tham s (vi Excel 2003 tr v trc, con s ny ch l 30) Cc tham s (number) c th l mt s, l mt mng, mt tn, hay l mt tham chiu n mt cha s, v.v... V d: SUMSQ(3, 4) = (3^2) + (4^2) = 9 + 16 = 25 Ba hm sau y c cch dng v c php tng t nhau: Hm SUMX2MY2(), Hm SUMXPY2() v Hm SUMXMY2() d nh tn ca ba hm ny, bn c chng t tri sang phi vi cc quy c sau: SUM = Tng, M (Minus) = Tr (hiu s), P (Plus) = Cng (tng s), 2 = Bnh phng, X v Y l hai mng g , c cha nhiu phn t x v y Vy, nh ngha v cch tnh ton ca 3 hm ny l: = SUMX2MY2: Tng ca hiu hai bnh phng ca cc phn t tng ng trong 2 mng d liu

= SUMX2PY2: Tng ca tng hai bnh phng ca cc phn t tng ng trong 2 mng d liu = SUMXMY2: Tng ca bnh phng ca hiu cc phn t tng ng trong 2 mng d liu C php: = SUMX2MY2(array_x, array_y) = SUMX2PY2(array_x, array_y) = SUMXMY2(array_x, array_y) array_x v array_y l cc dy hoc gi tr kiu mng Lu : * array_x v array_y bt buc phi c cng kch thc, nu khng, hm s bo li #NA! * Nu trong array_x hoc array_y c nhng gi tr kiu text, kiu logic hoc rng, th s c b qua (khng tnh), tuy nhin cc gi tr = 0 vn c tnh. =TAN Tnh tang ca mt gc =TANH Tnh tang hyperbol ca mt s =TRUNC Ct bt phn thp phn ca s Hm SUMPRODUCT() Tnh tng cc tch cc phn t tng ng trong cc mng gi tr Sum = Tng-Product = Tch SUMPRODUCT = Tng ca tch (cc mng d liu) C php: = SUMPRODUCT(array1, array2, ...) array1, array2, ... : C th dng t 2 ti 255 mng (vi Excel 2003 tr v trc th con s ny ch l 30) v cc mng ny phi cng kch thc vi nhau Lu : * Nu cc mng khng cng kch thc, SUMPRODUCT s bo li #VALUE! * Bt k mt phn t no trong mng khng phi l d liu kiu s, s c SUMPRODUCT coi nh bng 0 (zero) Hm SUBTOTAL L mt hm rt linh hot nhng cng l mt trong cc hm hi kh s dng ca Excel. iu kh hiu th nht chnh l ci tn ca n, v n thc s lm c nhiu th hn ngha ca tn hm. i s th nht ca hm bt buc bn phi nh con s i din cho php tnh cn thc hin trn tp s liu (trong Excel 2007 c tnh nng AutoComplete gip chng ta khi nh cc con s ny). Hm SUBTOTAL c Microsoft nng cp k t phin bn Excel 2003 vi s gia tng cc tu chn cho i s th nht ca hm, tuy nhin iu ny dn n s khng tng thch vi cc phin bn c nu chng ta s dng cc tnh nng mi b sung ny. i s u tin ca ca hm SUBTOTAL xc nh hm thc s no s c s dng khi tnh ton (xem trong danh sch bn di). V d nu i s l 1 th hm SUBTOTAL hot ng ging nhng hm AVERAGE, nu i s th nht l 9 th hm hm SUBTOTAL hot ng ging nhng hm SUM.

SUBTOTAL l hm tnh ton cho mt nhm con trong mt danh sch hoc bng d liu tu theo php tnh m bn chn la trong i s th nht. C php: = SUBTOTAL(function_num, ref1, ref2,...) Function_num: Cc con s t 1 n 11 (hay 101 n 111) qui nh hm no s c dng tnh ton trong SUBTOTAL Ref1, ref2: Cc vng a ch tham chiu m bn mun thc hin php tnh trn . Trong Excel 2007, bn c th dng n 254 ref (vi Excel 2003 tr v trc th con s ny ch l 29) Ghi ch: * Nu c hm SUBTOTAL khc t lng trong cc i s ref1, ref2,... th cc hm lng ny s b b qua khng c tnh, nhm trnh trng hp tnh ton 2 ln. * i s function_num nu t 1 n 11 th hm SUBTOTAL tnh ton bao gm c cc gi tr n trong tp s liu (hng n). i s function_num nu t 101 n 111 th hm SUBTOTAL ch tnh ton cho cc gi tr khng n trong tp s liu (b qua cc gi tr n). * Hm SUBTOTAL s b qua khng tnh ton tt c cc hng b n bi lnh Filter (Auto Filter) m khng ph thuc vo i s function_num c dng (1 ging 101...). * Hm SUBTOTAL c thit k tnh ton cho cc ct s liu theo chiu dc, n khng c thit k tnh theo chiu ngang. * Hm ny ch tnh ton cho d liu 2-D, do vy nu d liu tham chiu dng 3-D (V d v tham chiu 3-D: =SUM(Sheet2:Sheet13!B5) th hm SUBTOTAL bo li #VALUE! Hm SQRT() Dng tnh cn bc hai ca mt s C php: = SQRT(number) number: S thc, dng (nu number < 0 hm s bo li #NUM!) V d: Gi s A2, c con s -16 SQRT(16) = 4 SQRT(A2) = #NUM! SQRT(ABS(A2)) = 4 Hm SQRTPI() Dng tnh cn bc hai ca mt s nhn vi Pi (= 3.14159265358979) C php: = SQRTPI(number) number: S thc, dng nhn vi Pi (nu number < 0 hm s bo li #NUM!) V d: Gi s A2, c con s -16 SQRT(1) = 1.772454 (cn bc hai ca Pi) SQRT(2) = 2.506628 (cn bc hai ca 2*Pi) Hm SIGN() Tr v du ca s: 1 nu l s dng, 0 (zero) nu l s 0 v -1 nu l s m. C php: = SIGN(number) V d: SIGN(10) = 1

SIGN(4-4) = 0 SIGN(-0.057) = -1 Hm SERIESSUM() Dng tnh tng ly tha ca mt chui s, theo cng thc sau y: series (x, n, m, a) = a1*x^n + a2*x^(n+m) + a3*x^(n+2m) + ... + ai*x^(n+(i-1)m) C php: = SERIESSUM(x, n, m, coefficients) x : gi tr nhp vo cho chui ly tha n : ly tha khi to tng ti x m : bc tng cho mi phn t trong chui coefficients : tp hp h s s c nhn vi mi ly tha ca x Cc thng s ny phi l cc d liu kiu s, nu khng, hm s bo li #VALUE! V d: SERIESSUM(5, 0, 2, {1, 2, 3, 4}) = 64,426 Din gii chi tit: (x = 5, n = 0, m = 2, coefficients = 1, 2, 3, 4) =1*5^0 + 2*5^(0+2) + 3*5^(0+2*2) + 4*5^(0+3*2) = 64426 HM THNG K Bao gm cc hm s gip bn gii quyt cc bi ton thng k t n gin n phc tp. =AVEDEV Tnh bnh qun phn cc =AVERAGE(vng) Tnh trung bnh cng cc s. =AVERAGEA Tnh trung bnh cng cc gi tr =DAVERAGE (vng d liu, ct cn tnh, vng tiu chun) Hm tnh trung bnh cc gi tr trong ct tho mn iu kin ca vng tiu chun trong vng d liu. Hm AVERAGEIF() Tr v trung bnh cng (s hc) ca tt c cc c chn tha mn mt iu kin cho trc. C php: = AVERAGEIF(range, criteria, average_range) range : L mt hoc nhiu cn tnh trung bnh, c th bao gm cc con s, cc tn vng, cc mng hoc cc tham chiu n cc gi tr... criteria : L iu kin di dng mt s, mt biu thc, a ch hoc chui, qui nh vic tnh trung bnh cho nhng no... average_range : L tp hp cc tht s c tnh trung bnh. Nu b trng th Excel dng range tnh. Lu : * Cc trong range nu c cha nhng gi tr lun l (TRUE hoc FALSE) th s c b qua. * Nhng rng trong average_range cng s c b qua. * Nu range rng hoc c cha d liu text, AVERAGEIF s bo li #DIV/0!

* Nu c mt no trong criteria rng, AVERAGEIF s xem nh n bng 0. * Nu khng c no trong range tha mn iu kiu ca criteria, AVERAGEIF s bo li #DIV/0! * Bn c th cc k t i din nh ?, * trong criteria (du ? thay cho mt k t no , v du * thay cho mt chui no ). Khi iu kin trong criteria l chnh cc du ? hoc *, th bn g thm du ~ trc n. * average_range khng nht thit phi c cng kch thc vi range, m cc thc s c tnh trung bnh s dng trn cng bn tri ca average_range lm bt u, v bao gm thm nhng tng ng vi kch thc ca range. Hm AVERAGEIFS() Tr v trung bnh cng (s hc) ca tt c cc c chn tha mn nhiu iu kin cho trc. C php: = AVERAGEIFS(average_range, criteria_range1, criteria1, criteria_range2, criteria2, ...) average_range : Vng cn tnh trung bnh, c th bao gm cc con s, cc tn vng, cc mng hoc cc tham chiu n cc gi tr... criteria_range1, criteria_range2, ... : Vng cha nhng iu kin tnh trung bnh. C th khai bo t 1 n 127 vng. criteria1, criteria2, ... : L cc iu kin tnh trung bnh. C th khai bo t 1 n 127 iu kin, di dng s, biu thc, tham chiu hoc chui... Lu : * Nu average_range rng hoc c cha d liu text, AVERAGEIFS s bo li #DIV/0! * Nu c mt no trong nhng vng criteria_range rng, AVERAGEIFS s xem nh n bng 0. * Nhng gi tr logic: TRUE s c xem l 1, v FALSE s c xem l 0. * Mi trong average_range ch c tnh trung bnh nu tha tt c iu kin quy nh cho * Khng ging nh AVERAGEIF(), mi vng criteria_range phi c cng kch thc vi average_range * Nu c mt no trong average_range khng th chuyn i sang dng s, hoc nu khng c no tha tt c cc iu kin, AVERAGEIFS s bo li #DIV/0! * C th cc k t i din nh ?, * cho cc iu kin (du ? thay cho mt k t no , v du * thay cho mt chui no ). Khi iu kin trong criteria l chnh cc du ? hoc *, th bn g thm du ~ trc n. Hm COUNT() m d liu cha s (m s khng trng) - m s c trong vng. Nhng ch m nhng c kiu d liu l kiu s. C php=COUNT(vng) =COUNTA m s cha d liu =COUNTIF(Vng cn m, iu kin) Hm m c iu kin - m s c trong vng vi iu kin ch ra iu kin.

Hm COUNTIF m c kiu d liu l kiu s v c kiu k t. =DCOUNT(vng d liu, ct cn m, vng tiu chun) m s cha lng gi tr s trong ct tho mn k trong vng tiu chun tm kim trong vng d liu. VD: m xem c bao nhiu ngi c mc lng l 500000. =MAX(vng) Tm s ln nht trong vng =MAXA Tm gi tr ln nht Hm DMAX() C php: = DMAX(database, field, criteria)=DMAX (vng d liu, ct gi tr, vng tiu chun) Hm tnh gi tr cao nht trong ct gi tr tho mn iu kin ca vng tiu chun trong vng d liu. VD: Tm xem nhng ngi 26 tui ai cao lng nht. =MIN(vng) Tm s nh nht trong vng =MINA Tm gi tr nh nht Hm DMIN() C php: =DMIN(database, field, criteria)=DMIN (vng d liu, ct gi tr, vng tiu chun) Hm tnh gi tr nh nht trong ct gi tr tho mn iu kin ca vng tiu chun trong vng d liu. VD: Tm xem nhng ngi 26 tui ai thp lng nht. =RANK( cn xp th, vng cn so snh) Tm v th ca mt s trong dy s. Vng cn so snh: Thng ch gi tr tuyt i: $ Hm DVARP() C php: = DVARP(database, [field,] criteria) Tnh ton s bin thin ca mt tp hp da trn ton th tp hp, bng cch s dng cc s liu trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. Hm DVAR() C php: = DVAR(database, [field,] criteria) c lng s bin thin ca mt tp hp da trn mt mu, bng cch s dng cc s liu trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh.

Hm DSUM() C php: = DSUM(database, field, criteria) Cng cc s trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. Hm DSTDEVP() C php: = DSTDEVP(database, field, criteria) Tnh lch chun ca mt tp hp theo ton th cc tp hp, bng cch s dng cc s liu trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. Hm DSTDEV() C php: = DSTDEV(database, field, criteria) c lng lch chun ca mt tp hp theo mu, bng cch s dng cc s liu trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. Hm DPRODUCT() C php: = DPRODUCT(database, field, criteria) Nhn cc gi tr trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. m s rng trong bng tnh Dng cng thc mng: {=SUM(IF(ISBLANK(range), 1, 0))} vi range l vng d liu cn kim tra. m s cha nhng gi tr khng phi l kiu s Dng cng thc mng: {=SUM(IF(ISNUMBER(range), 0, 1))} vi range l vng d liu cn kim tra. m s b li Dng cng thc mng: {=SUM(IF(ISERROR(range), 1, 0))} vi range l vng d liu cn kim tra. HM X L VN BN V D LIU Bao gm cc hm x l chui vn bn nh trch lc, tm kim, thay th, chuyn i chui vn bn trong Excel. Hm ASC() Dng i cc k t double-byte sang cc k t single-byte cho nhng ngn ng s dng b k t double-byte.

C php: = ASC(text) text : L ch hoc tham chiu n mt c cha ch. Nu text khng cha bt k mu t no thuc loi double-byte, th text s khng c chuyn i. V d: = ASC("Excel") = Excel =CHAR Chuyn s thnh k t =CLEAN Xa k t khng ph hp =CODE Tr v m s ca k t u tin Hm CONCATENATE Cng dng: Dng ni nhiu chui li vi nhau Cng thc: =CONCATENATE(text1,text2,...) V d: =CONCATENATE("Gii php", "Excel", " - ", "Cng c tuyt vi ca bn) Gii php Excel - Cng c tuyt vi ca bn =DOLLAR Chuyn nh dng s thnh tin t Hm EXACT Cng dng: Dng so snh hai chui vi nhau. Cng thc: =EXACT(text1,text2) Hm EXACT phn bit ch thng v ch hoa. Nu 2 chui text1, text2 ging nhau hon ton, hm s tr v TRUE; nu khng, s tr v tr FALSE V d: =EXACT("Gii php", "Gii php") TRUE =EXACT("Gii php", "Gii Php") FALSE =FIXED Chuyn mt s sang nh dng vn bn =LEFT(X,n) Hm LEFT ly n k t t bn tri sang ca vn bn X =LEN Tnh di mt chui =LOWER Chuyn thnh ch thng. =PROPER Chuyn k t u mi t thnh ch hoa Hm MID Dng trch xut mt chui con (substring) t mt chui Cng thc: =MID(text, start_num, num_chars])=MID(X, m, n) Hm MID ly n k t trong chui X bt u t v tr m. text: chui vn bn cn trch xut

start_num: v tr bt u trch ra chui con, tnh t bn tri sang num_chars: s k t ca chui con cn trch ra - num_chars phi l s nguyn dng - start_num phi l s nguyn dng - Nu start_num ln hn di ca chui th kt qu tr v s l chui rng V d: =MID("Karen Elizabeth Hammond", 7, 9) Elizabeth Hm REPLACE Cng dng: Dng thay th mt phn ca chui bng mt chui khc, da vo s k t c ch nh Cng thc: =REPLACE(old_text, start_num, num_chars, new_text) old_text: chui vn bn cn c x l start_num: v tr bt u tm ci s thay th, tnh t bn tri sang num_chars: s k t ca chui cn c thay th new_text: chui vn bn s thay th cho s k t chn bi start_num v num_chars Ci kh ca hm ny l xc nh c bi start_num v num_chars. Lm sao bit c bt u t u v thay th bao nhiu ch? Ti gi nh: - Bn dng hm FIND() hoc SEARCH() xc nh v tr bt u (start_num) - Dng hm LEN() xc nh s k t ca chui s c thay th (num_chars) V d: thay s 2007 bng 2008 trong cu Expense Budget for 2007 Dng cng thc nh sau: =REPLACE(A1, FIND("2007", A1), LEN("2007"), "2008") Expense Budget for 2008 Vi A1 = Expense Budget for 2007 Hm RIGHT Dng trch xut phn bn phi ca mt chui mt hoc nhiu k t ty theo s ch nh ca bn Cng thc: =RIGHT(text [,num_chars])=RIGHT(X,n) Hm RIGHT ly n k t t bn phi sang ca vn bn X text: chui vn bn cn trch xut k t num_chars: s k t cn trch ra pha bn phi ca chui text, mc nh l 1 - num_chars phi l s nguyn dng - Nu num_chars ln hn di ca chui th kt qu tr v s l ton b chui text V d: =RIGHT("Karen Elizabeth Hammond", 7) Hammond =REPT Lp li mt chui =SUBSTITUTE Thay th mt chui xc nh Hm FIND v Hm SEARCH Cng dng: Dng tm v tr bt u ca mt chui con (substring) trong mt chui Cng thc: =FIND(find_text, within_text [, start_num]) =SEARCH(find_text, within_text [, start_num])

find_text: chui vn bn cn tm (chui con) within_text: chui vn bn cha chui cn tm (chui m) start_num: v tr bt u tm trong chui within_text (mc nh l 1) Mt s lu : - Kt qu ca hai hm ny l mt con s, ch v tr bt u (tnh t start_num) ca find_text trong within_text - Dng SEARCH() khi mun tm mt chui bt k. V d: SEARCH("e", "Expenses") s cho kt qu l 1. - Dng FIND() khi mun tm chnh xc mt chui c phn bit ch hoa, ch thng. V d: FIND("e", "Expenses") s cho kt qu l 4. - Nu khng tm thy find_text, hm s bo li #VALUE - C th dng nhng k t i din nh *, ? trong find_text ca hm SEARCH() - Vi hm SEARCH(), nu mun tm chnh k t * hoc ? th g du ~ trc k t ( ~* hoc l ~?) =TEXT Chuyn mt s sang text. Hm T Cng dng: Tr v mt chui nu tr tham chiu l chui, ngc li, s tr v chui rng Kim tra d liu kiu text Cng thc: =T(value) Hm ny t khi c dng. Hm SUBSTITUTE Cng dng: Dng thay th mt chui ny bng mt chui khc. Hm ny cng tng t hm REPLACE(), nhng d s dng hn. Cng thc: =SUBSTITUTE(text, old_text, new_text [,instance_num]) text: chui vn bn gc, cn c x l old_text: chui vn bn cn c thay th new_text: chui vn bn s thay th vo instance_num: s ln thay th old_text bng new_text, nu b qua th tt c old_text tm c s c thay th bng new_text V d: thay s 2007 bng 2008 trong cu Expense Budget for 2007 Dng cng thc nh sau: =SUBSTITUTE("Expense Budget for 2007", "2007", "2008") Expense Budget for 2008 HM THAY TH CHUI NY BNG CHUI KHC (Substituting One Substring for Another) C nhiu chng trnh c kh nng tm kim mt s on vn v thay th n bng on vn khc.

Excel cng c kh nng lm chuyn bng cch dng hm. l hm REPLACE v hm SUBSTITUTE. =TRIM Xa nhng k t trng bn trong chui. =UPPER Chuyn k t thng thnh hoa. Hm VALUE Cng dng: Dng i mt chui i din cho mt s thnh kiu s Cng thc: =VALUE(text) text phi l nh dng s, ngy thng hoc bt k mt thi gian no min l c Excel cng nhn. Nu 2 chui text1, text2 ging nhau hon ton, hm s tr v TRUE; nu khng, s tr v tr FALSE V d: trch ra s 6500 trong SQA6500, bn c th dng hm RIGHT() =RIGHT("SQA6500", 4) 6500 Tuy nhin kt qu do hm RIGHT() c c s dng text, bn khng th nhn chia cng tr g vi ci "6500" ny c. c th tnh ton vi "6500", bn phi i n sang dng s: =VALUE(RIGHT("SQA6500",4)) 6500 Cng l 6500, nhng by gi bn c th cng tr nhn chia vi n. *Trch xut h v tn (v d dng trch cho tn ting Anh, b qua tn m) Cch lm l dng hm FIND() tm nhng khong trng phn cch gia h v tn, sau dng hm LEFT() tch phn tn, v hm RIGHT() tch phn h. ly phn tn (First Name), chng ta dng cng thc sau (gi s h tn nm cell A2): =LEFT(A2, FIND(" ", A2) - 1) Ngha l dng hm FIND() tm v tr ca k t trng u tin k t bn tri, v d n l v tr th 5, khi hm LEFT() s xc nh c ci tn ny gm c 4 ch (= 5-1). ly phn h (Last Name), chng ta dng cng thc: =RIGHT(A2, LEN(A2) - FIND(" ", A2)) Bn t dch cu ny nh! *Trch xut h, tn m v tn (v d vi tn ting Anh, phn tn m c vit tt) Cch lm ging nh bi Trch xut h v tn trn, tuy nhin c khc mt cht, trch thm phn tn m. Gi s H v Tn (full name) nm cell A2, v ang c gi tr l Karen E. Hammond u tin, nh bi trn, dng cng thc sau tch phn Tn (first name): =LEFT(A2, FIND(" ", A2) - 1) Karen Cng thc FIND(" ", A2) s cho kt qu l 6, l v tr ca khong trng u tin (sau ch Karen). tm v tr ca khong trng th hai, th bn phi gn v tr bt u tm (start_num) l 7,

hoc l bng kt qu ca FIND(" ", A2) cng thm 1: =FIND(" ", A2, FIND(" ",A2) + 1) Ri dng kt qu ca cng thc ny lm tham s cho hm RIGHT() trch ra phn H (last name): =RIGHT(A2, LEN(A2) - FIND(" ", A2, FIND(" ", A2) +1)) Hammond trch phn tn m, dng hm FIND() tm v tr ca du chm (.) ri a vo trong cng thc ca hm MID() tm k t ng trc du chm: =MID(A2, FIND(".", A2) - 1, 1) E * HM LOGIC Hm AND C l khi gii thch nh. AND c ngha l V. Vy thi. Dng hm ny khi mun ni n ci ny v ci ny v ci ny...... C php: AND(logical1 [, logical2] [, logical3]...) logical: Nhng biu thc s c xt xem ng (TRUE) hay sai (FALSE) Nu tt c cc biu thc u ng, hm AND() s tr v gi tr TRUE, v ch cn 1 trong cc biu thc sai, hm AND() s tr v gi tr FALSE. Bn c th dng hm AND() bt c ch no bn mun, nhng thng th hm AND() hay c dng chung vi hm IF(). V d: =IF(AND(B2 > 0, C2 > 0), "1000", "No bonus") Nu gi tr B2 v C2 ln hn 0, th (thng) 1.000, cn nu ch cn mt trong 2 B2 hoc C2 nh hn 0, th khng thng chi c. =FALSE(): C th nhp trc tip FALSE vo trong cng thc, Excel s hiu l mt biu thc c gi tr FALSE m khng cn dng n c php ca hm ny Hm IF =IF (logical_test, value_if_true, value_if_false) : Dng kim tra iu kin theo gi tr v cng thc C php: IF (iu kin, gi tr 1, gi tr 2) Nu iu kin ng th hm tr v gi tr 1, ngc li hm nhn gi tr 2 Ci lp lun: "Nu ti ng th lm cho ti ci ny, nu ti sai th lm cho ti ci kia".. C l trong chng ta ai cng hiu. Mt tnh hung n gin nht C php: IF(logical_test, value_is_true) logical_test: Mt biu thc s c xt xem ng (TRUE) hay sai (FALSE) value_is_true: gi tr tr v khi biu thc logical_test c kim tra l ng (TRUE) V d: =IF(A1 >= 1000, "It's big!") Ngha l, nu gi tr A1 ln hn hoc bng 1000, th kt qu nhn c s l "It's big!", cn khng, nu A1 nh hn 1000, kt qu s l FALSE.

Mt v d khc, gi s bn c mt bng nh gi mc bn ra, mua vo ca mt danh mc hng ha di, v bn mun theo di nhng mt hng c doanh s bn ra khng t yu cu iu chnh chin lc kinh doanh ca mnh, bng cch gn nhng du "<" bn cnh n, h phn trm doanh s cng thp th nhng du hiu "<" cng nhiu... Bn c th dng hm IF(), theo mu: =IF(cell<0, flag) Vi cell l gi tr doanh s m bn mun theo di, v flag l du hiu m t, v d, cell cha gi tr doanh s l B2: =IF(B2<0, "<<<<<") nhng du "<" t l thun vi mc st gim doanh s bn hng, bn c th dng hm REPT(), vi cng thc: REPT("<" , B2 * -100) y, phi nhn gi tr ca B2 vi -100, bi v chng ta ch xt nhng trng hp B2<0 V cng thc hon chnh th hin mc st gim doanh s ca tng mt hng s l: =IF(B2<0, REPT("<" , B2 * -100)) Nhng hm IF lng nhau Trong cuc sng i thng, c my ai d dng chp nhn chuyn "mt ci nu", phi khng cc bn. Chng ta thng s dng kiu, nu... ri nhng m nu... nhiu khi ko di n v tn! Trong Excel cng vy. Gi s, chng ta xp loi hc tp, nu im trung bnh (TB) ln hn 9 th gii, vy TB nh hn 9 th d? Cha, TB nh hn 9 nhng ln hn 7 th kh ci , ri TB nh hn 7 nhng cha b im 5 th trung bnh, ch khi no TB nh hn 4 th mi gi l d (ci ny ti ch v d thi, cc bn ng s dng xp loi nh). Khi , chng ta s dng nhng hm IF() lng nhau, IF() ny nm trong IF() kia. Sau ny chng ta s hc cch ghp thm nhiu iu kin khc vo na. V d, ti ly li v d ni bi trc: =IF(A1 >= 1000, "Big!", "Not big") Bi gi thm cht, A1 ln hn 1000 l "big" ri, nhng chng l 10000 th cng ch l "big" ? C l nn tng thm mt danh hiu cao hn: =IF(A1 >= 1000, IF(A1 >= 10000, "Really big!!", Big!"), "Not big") Hoc l, ng rng <1000 l "Not big", nhng n khc "Small" ch (tui khng ln, cha chc tui nh), vy chng ta thm mt nh ngha "Small" th xem: =IF(A1 >= 1000, "Big!", IF(A1 < 100, "Small", "Not big")) Bn nh, y ti t ci IF "con" khng ging nh trn, sao cng c bn , min l ng sai c php ca IF(). V nu thch, bn c th ghp tt c li: =IF(A1 >= 1000, IF(A1 >= 10000, "Really big!!", Big!"), IF(A1 < 100, "Small", "Not big")) Ch cn mt lu , l nhng du ng m ngoc n. Nu bn ng v m khng ng lc hoc khng , Excel s khng hiu, hoc l cho cc bn kt qu sai y.

Hm IFERROR Trong qu trnh thao tc vi bng tnh, khng t ln chng ta gp li, v cng kh m trnh c li. V d, mt cng thc n gin thi =A/B c th gy li #DIV/0! nu nh B bng 0, hoc gy li #NAME? nu A hoc B khng tn ti, gy li #REF! nu c no lin kt vi A hoc B b xa i... Tuy nhin, i lc chng ta li cn phi li dng chnh nhng ci li ny, v d s t ra mt tnh hung: nu c li th lm g ... Gi nm na l BY LI. C l v vy m hm ny c hai ch u l IF; IFERROR = nu xy ra li (th)... MS Excel 2003 tr v trc c hm ISERROR(value), vi value l mt biu thc. Nu biu thc ny gp li, ISERROR() s tr v gi tr TRUE, cn nu biu thc khng c li, ISERROR() tr v gi tr FALSE. V chng ta thng dng ISERROR() km vi IF: =IF(ISERROR(expression), ErrorResult, expression) Nu nh biu thc (expression) c li, cng thc trn s ly gi tr ErrorResult (mt rng, hoc mt thng bo li, v.v..), ngc li, s ly chnh gi tr biu thc . V d: =IF(ISERROR(A/B), "", A/B) Ci bt tin khi phi dng va IF() va ISERROR() l chng ta phi nhp ci biu thc hai ln: mt ln trong hm ISERROR() v mt ln tham s value_is_False ca IF() C th ci bt tin va ni trn khng ng k, tuy nhin cch s dng ny lm cho cng thc ca chng ta tr nn kh dng hn, bi v nu thay ci biu thc(expression), th chng ta phi thay i nguyn c cng thc. Excel 2007 dng nh hiu c s bt tin , nn gp hai hm IF() v ISERROR li thnh mt, l IFERROR() C php: IFERROR(value, value_if_error) _____value: Biu thc c th s gy ra li _____value_if_error: kt qu tr v nu value gy ra li Nu biu thc value khng gy li, IFERROR() s ly biu thc , cn nu n c li th ly ci biu thc value_if_error. V d, cng thc =IF(ISERROR(A/B), "", A/B) nu dng IFERROR() th s l =IFERROR(A/B, "") Bn thy y, IFERROR() ngn gn v d hiu hn nhiu. =NOT (logical) : o ngc gi tr ca cc i s Hm OR OR c ngha l HOC. Dng hm ny khi mun ni n ci ny hoc ci ny hay ci kia... ci no cng c, min l phi c t nht 1 ci! C php: OR(logical1 [, logical2] [, logical3]...) logical: Nhng biu thc s c xt xem ng (TRUE) hay sai (FALSE) Nu tt c cc biu thc u sai, hm OR() s tr v gi tr FALSE, v ch cn 1 trong cc biu thc ng, hm OR() s tr v gi tr TRUE. Ging nh hm AND(), bn c th dng hm OR() bt c ch no bn mun, nhng

thng th hm OR() hay c dng chung vi hm IF(). V d: =IF(OR(B2 > 0, C2 > 0), "1000", "No bonus") Nu gi tr B2 hoc C2 ln hn 0 (tc l ch cn 1 trong 2 ln hn 0), th (thng) 1.000, cn nu c 2 B2 hoc C2 u nh hn 0, th khng thng chi c. =TRUE(): C th nhp trc tip TRUE vo trong cng thc, Excel s hiu l mt biu thc c gi tr TRUE m khng cn dng n c php ca hm ny B qua nhng b li khi chy cng thc V d: Ct Gross Margin (ct D) ca bng tnh di y c cha mt s gp li chia cho 0 (#DIV/0!), do bn ct C c nhng trng. tnh trung bnh cng ca ct D, k nhng c li #DIV/0!, phi dng cng thc mng nh sau: {=AVERAGE(IF(ISERROR(D3:D12), "", D3:D12))} (ngha l nu gp nhng c li th coi nh n bng rng) Xc nh tn ca ct (Determining the Column Letter) Trong Excel c hm COLUMN(), cho ra kt qu l s ca ct (v d, g hm ny trong ct B th kt qu s l 2). Nhng i khi bn mun kt qu l tn ca ct ch khng mun l con s (B ch khng phi l 2), th lm sao? y l mt vn i hi s khn kho mt cht, v tn ct trong bng tnh chy t A n Z, t AA n AZ... v cho ti tn cng l XFD (!) C mt hm gip chng ta tm a ch tuyt i ca mt cell, l hm CELL("address"), v d $A$2, hoc $B$10... Hm CELL(info_type [,reference]) Vi info_type l mt tham s c nh ngha (s ni k hn trong nhng bi sau) V reference l cell m bn ch nh, nu b trng th Excel s ly ngay ci cell c cha cng thc CELL(). Trong bi ny, tm a ch tuyt i ca mt cell, chng ta s dng cng thc CELL() vi info_type l "address" Tinh mt cht, ta thy tn ca ct chnh l nhng ch ci nm gia hai du dollar ($) trong ci a ch tuyt i ny. Bt u lm nh: dng hm MID() trch ra ch ci t v tr th 2 trong a ch tuyt i ca cell: =MID(CELL("Address"), 2, num_chars) Ci kh l ci num_chars ny y, v tn ct th c th l 1, 2, hoc 3 k t (v d: A, AA hoc AAA). Vn dng hm FIND thi: FIND("$", CELL("address"",A2), 3) - 2 Gii thch cht nh: Dng hm FIND(), tm v tr ca du $ trong ci a ch tuyt i ca cell, v bt u tm t v tr th 3 trong ci a ch ny.

Ti sao phi tr i 2? Cng thc trn s ch ra v tr (l mt con s) ca du $ th hai trong a ch tuyt i ca cell, tc l ci du $ pha sau tn ct, phi tr i 2 tc l tr bt i 2 ci $, lc ny kt qu s chnh l s k t ca tn ct (1 ch, 2 ch hoc 3 ch) By gi, cng thc hon chnh s nh sau: =MID(CELL("Address"), 2, FIND("$", CELL("address"), 3) - 2) Cng thc ny p dng cho chnh cell cha cng thc. Nu mun tm tn ct ti mt cell no , bn ch vic thm a ch (hoc mt ci g tham chiu n a ch ny) ca cell mun tm vo pha sau ci "address" V d, mun tm tn ca cell AGH68, bn g: =MID(CELL("Address", AGH68), 2, FIND("$", CELL("address", AGH68), 3) - 2) AGH Lp m s t ng C nhiu danh mc khch hng hoc danh mc hng ha c lp m s bng cch dng vi k t u ca tn khch hng (hoc tn hng ha) kt hp vi mt con s. Cch t m s t ng nh vy rt d lm trong Excel, bng cch s dng nhng hm x l vn bn v chui. Gi s danh mc ca chng ta nm ct A v bt u ti cell A2. Trc tin, chng ta hy tch 3 k t u tin ca danh mc v nh dng cho n thnh nhng ch in hoa, bng cng thc: UPPER(LEFT(A2, 3)) Tip theo, tn dng chnh s ca nhng hng trong bng tnh lp m s t ng: ROW(A2), v nh dng sao cho nhng con s ny lun c 4 ch s, bng cng thc: TEXT(ROW(A2),"0000") V y l cng thc hon chnh: =UPPER(LEFT(A2, 3)) & TEXT(ROW(A2), "0000") Hm BETADIST() Tr v gi tr ca hm tnh mt phn phi xc sut tch ly beta. Thng thng hm ny c dng nghin cu s bin thin v phn trm cc mu, v d nh khong thi gian m ngi ta dng xem TV trong mt ngy chng hn. C php: = BETADIST(x, alpha, beta, A, B) x : Gi tr gia A v B, dng tnh mt hm. alpha & beta : Tham s ca phn phi. A : Cn di ca khong x, mc nh l 0. B : Cn trn ca khong x, mc nh l 1. Lu : * Nu c bt k i s no khng phi l s, BETADIST() tr v gi tr li #VALUE! * Nu alpha 0 hay beta 0, BETADIST() tr v gi tr li #NUM! * Nu x < A, x > B hay A = B, BETADIST() tr v gi tr li #NUM! * Nu b qua A v B, ngha l mc nh A = 0 v B = 1, BETADIST() s s dng phn phi tch ly beta chun ha.

Hm BETAINV() Tr v nghch o ca hm tnh mt phn phi xc sut tch ly beta. Ngha l nu xc sut = BETADIST(x, ...) th x = BETAINV(xc sut, ...) Thng dng trong vic ln k hoch d n, m phng s ln m rng xc sut, bit trc thi gian b sung k vng v bin i. C php: = BETAINV(probability, alpha, beta, A, B) Probability : Xc sut ca bin c x trong phn phi xc sut tch ly beta. alpha & beta : Tham s ca phn phi. A : Cn di ca khong x, mc nh l 0. B : Cn trn ca khong x, mc nh l 1. Lu : * Nu c bt k i s no khng phi l s, BETAINV() tr v gi tr li #VALUE! * Nu alpha 0 hay beta 0, BETAINV() tr v gi tr li #NUM! * Nu probability 0 hay probability > 1, BETAINV() tr v gi tr li #NUM! * Nu b qua A v B, ngha l mc nh A = 0 v B = 1, BETAINV() s s dng phn phi tch ly beta chun ha. * BETAINV() s dng phng php lp khi tnh mt phn phi. Vi probability cho trc, BETAINV() lp cho ti khi kt qu chnh xc trong khong 0.0000003. Nu BETAINV() khng hi t sau 100 ln lp, n s tr v gi tr li #NA! V d: BETAINV(0.6854706, 8, 10, 1, 3) = 2 Hm BINOMDIST() Tr v xc sut ca nhng ln th thnh cng ca phn phi nh phn. BINOMDIST() thng c dng trong cc bi ton c s lng c nh cc php th, khi kt qu ca cc php th ch l thnh cng hay tht bi, khi cc php th l c lp, v khi xc xut thnh cng l khng i qua cc cuc th nghim. V d, c th dng BINOMDIST() tnh xc sut khong hai phn ba a tr c sinh ra l b trai. C php: = BINOMDIST(number_s, trials, probability_s, cumulative) Number_s : S ln th thnh cng trong cc php th. Trials : S ln th. Probability_s : Xc sut thnh cng ca mi php th. Cumulative : Mt gi tr logic xc nh hm tnh xc sut. = 1 (TRUE) : BINOMDIST() tr v hm tnh xc sut tch ly, l xc sut c s ln thnh cng number_s ln nht. = 0 (FALSE) : BINOMDIST() tr v hm tnh xc sut im (hay l hm khi lng xc sut), l xc sut m s ln thnh cng l number_s.

Lu : * Nu number_s v trials l s thp phn, chng s c ct b phn l tr thnh s nguyn. * Nu number_s, trials hay probability_s khng phi l s, BINOMDIST() tr v gi tr li #VALUE! * Nu number_s < 0 hay number_s > trials, BINOMDIST() tr v gi tr li #NUM! * Nu probability_s < 0 hay probability_s > 1, BINOMDIST() tr v gi tr li #NUM! V d: BINOMDIST(6, 10, 0.5, 0) = 0.2050781 BINOMDIST(6, 10, 0.5, 1) = 0.828125 Hm CHIDIST() Tr v xc xut mt pha ca phn phi chi-squared. Phn phi chi-squared kt hp vi php th chi-squared dng so snh cc gi tr quan st vi cc gi tr k vng. V d, mt th nghim v di truyn c th gi thit rng th h k tip ca cc cy trng s tha hng mt tp hp cc mu sc no ; bng cch so snh cc gi tr quan st c vi cc gi tr k vng, c th thy c gi thit ban u l ng hay sai. C php: = CHIDIST(x, degrees_freedom) x : Gi tr dng tnh phn phi. degrees_freedom : S bc t do. Lu : * Nu cc i s khng phi l s, CHIDIST() tr v gi tr li #VALUE! * Nu x < 0, CHIDIST() tr v gi tr li #NUM! * Nu degrees_freedom khng phi l s nguyn, phn thp phn ca n s b ct b tr thnh s nguyn. * Nu degrees_freedom < 1 hay degrees_freedom > 10^10, CHIDIST() tr v gi tr li #NUM! * CHIDIST() c tnh ton theo cng thc: CHIDIST = P(X > x), vi X l bin ngu nhin chi-squared. V d: CHIDIST(18.307, 10) = 0.050001 Hm NORMINV() Tr v nghch o ca phn phi tch ly chun. C php: = NORMINV(probability, mean, standard_dev) probability : Xc sut ng vi phn phi chun mean : Gi tr trung bnh cng ca phn phi standard_dev : lch chun ca phn phi Lu : * Nu c bt k i s no khng phi l s, NORMINV() s bo li #VALUE!

* Nu probability nh hn 0 hoc ln hn 1, NORMINV() s bo li #NUM! * Nu standard_dev nh hn hoc bng 0, NORMDINV() s bo li #NUM! * Nu mean = 0 v standard_dev = 1, NORMINV() s dng phn b chun. * NORMINV() s dng phng php lp i lp li tnh hm. Nu NORMINV() khng hi t sau 100 ln lp, hm s bo li #NA! Dng hm trong Word cho Windows C th to c nhiu hm th v bng Word-Basic. Nhng gi hm bn phi chy mt macro hi cng knh. Trong nhiu trng hp, nu c th nh ngha hm nh mt trng c l tin hn. V d, hm: Function TargetDate$ (delay) TargetDate$=Date$(Today() + delay) End Function c th c dng trong cu nh " ngh tr tin trc ngy "TargetDate$(21)"." Trng kt qu s l 21 ngy sau ngy hin ti. C cch no gi hm nh th khng? ng tic l Word khng cho php bn nh ngha hm nh l trng. Nhng dng macro u c cng knh. Chn thng tin bng macro kh d, nu khng mun ni d hn chn thng tin bng trng. dng mt macro chn thng tin t hm vo vn bn, chng ta bt u vic to macro. Ly v d macro ny dng hm Input-Box$() cho bn mt hp thoi v s ngy thm vo ngy h thng. Sau khi bn nhp s ngy v chn OK, macro s tnh ton v chn vo ngy thch hp. lm cho macro d dng hy gn n vo trong trnh n, thanh cng c hay t hp phm thng qua lnh Tools/Customize. Thn ch bn c th to c mt trnh n ring bit cho nhng hm mi b sung ny. to nhng trnh n hm, chn Tools/Customize/Menu. Nhn vo nt Menu Bar v g tn, nh l &User Functions, trong hp c dng ch Name On Menu Bar. (Du & trc ch U s gn Alt-U lm phm kch hot m trnh n - U l ch gi nh cho UserFunction). Ri ch r v tr ca trnh n trn thanh trnh n. Nu bn mun trnh n UserFunctions nm gia sau trnh n Window, hy t sng Window trong hp danh sch Position On Menu Bar v chn Add After. Thm mt macro vo trnh n User Functions s ging nh thm macro hay lnh vo bt k thanh trnh n no khc. Trc tin chn Tools/Customize/Menus. T sng loi Macro trong hp Macro Category, ti hp danh sch Macro t sng macro bn mun thm vo v &User Functions phi c chn trong hp Change What Menu. Nu bn thch, bn c th sa i tn trong hp c dng ch Name On Menu Bar. Sau ny bn c th dng hm mt cch d dng bt c lc no bng cch chn n t trnh n.