1000

c;

319
80

1975

~(u< {, y
!

L oiJ L 6L6." " ." '

L L.",

."

~rL

L L
iJ
L
~L 6L6L." L
L." ." , -LtL
." L ." r.",
."LL L L.". L ." ." ~ ." ."
." ~ /L ~
L L
.i
[ ." L L L
." 6L6." L.".

L ~

- ." r." L.",

, L, ~ .
." L . ." L , [L L
L, LL L L L."
LL .

."

L L L Jensen's, L [
L L 6L6." ii L
L6L.".

L ."L LL
LL L Cauchy ." 6L L
. L ~
L
LL L~ L, LL ~
L 6L6." "' - ."
LL L~". ." OtL L ." ~ ~ ."
6L6." ~ ." ." ~
6L6L~ LL ~L.

1
: C>. 6 6,w\'J :. c!nr6 6 ~ C1~.~

w
)ktr
x=(2k-1)- +(-1 -

w.,

2 kw-, owou k

, __

. 6 ~6.
'ac;:.

k=2

=(4-1) _!_ + _!_ =21[- ~ + _!_ =2- ~

'

k=2+l

=(4+2-1) ~ - _!_ =21[+ ~- ~ =21[+ ~

2
3
2
3
6

=21[

1[

.~.-

2
'1rC C> 6 1 1 1' >v lrr6 6~ d-

d~:

+)w:tl

x=(2k +

v=k,..+(-l)k(;

-)~<>wouk-

'
~ 1 v
6 .
'c;.

k=2,

y=2+ "i -=(2+

' k=2+l

; )

-=(2+

; )

--

y:(2+l)-(; -) =2+-; +=2+; +

= (2+ ;
w

)+

y= ( 2+ ; )

3
'E6v -= kw+(-l)k 1 wC C> =2w++
k 1 .
1 C>wou

= (2+ 1),r + -

',' k=2
~-=2+

k=2+l

~=2++

~-=(2+l)-

~=(2+l)+-

4
C C> 6 1rp v 6v

2k11'

"
-5- (1) 011'0U

- ''vy C .
u ( vv

L u L L uL

L ~

k5+u u

(1)

L:
=2+

u=0,1,2,3,4,

-2U1t
-,
5

2u

- 5

2k

- 5

(2)

1L

u=0,1,2,3,4,

. .

, 2!!_ , ~ , 6
5
5
5

5
6 v at ( C ~ cvc1.~
=

4k''

"

''

kt::Z

. L y: 2 ~ = (2 + 2 ~) : 4 u k
+u u=0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7, t LLL LL

L ,

1 ,

6
C cv6c1~ y=

k''
W

6v

6~ 6 6~ ~C.~ 6~
n. : L{}

(k+)

(1)

(2) L:

= ~

(k+)

OtL

u L

(1). L
k

=+ 2

(2)

tu

u .

8
k

-=' + V2 =+

k
l/2

,;;

=> v2= i11

c;:

;c;:

7
(c:1-)(-~)(+Ckp)
~~. ~LL { ,

1- - -1(

1-
=-----'-2

=1

C d:

) (
)
- +- =

1- . 2 + = __...,,--__.-'-c..,,..._ =1
2
2

~.

8
C1

C1-1

C1

e1+ 1

2 2

~. C dL {

2 ++ 2 -

-1

9
( 1 + Ckpa-c:fa ) ( 1 + + ) = 2
~~. LL { , C d

( + _ _
1_) ( 1 +
1

= (+) -1 =

+ _1_)= +-1

+ 2 +2
~

+-1 =

1 = 2

10

~+<'

;:. ''i: ~~f.i

=
=2=

11
(

2a-C1U v2a

c 2- 2a

;:. ~~~ ~ .

2 . 2 =

1+ 2 + 1+ 2

4 + 4 + 2 4 + 2 4

(1+ 2 )(1+ 2 )

= 4 + 4 + 2 2 ~( 2 + 2 ) =
2+

( 2 + 2 ) 2 -2 2 2 + 2 2

- ---

2+r 2 2

1- 2 2

2+ 2 2

10

12

+ -1

- + 1
.

1+
dv

w .:

= +-1
-+1

v
~
v

+-1- _ 1
v

__1_ +
1

+1-v

-1+v

. ( +v+1 ( :

= (+1-v)(+v+1)
= (l+) -v 2 =
7
2

~(~~---~1-+___v- )~(~~__+__~v-+~1)

= 1+

+2-v 2
+v 2 +2-1
2

(+v) 2 -1

= 2

+2
2 v
2

= 2(+1) =
2

+1
--

13
2

(+c:t~) 2 -(~-) = 2 ~ (+~)

.

w .

2+ 2 +2

:(

- 2 - 2 +2 =

-2)+( 2 - 2 )+2 +2 i=

=1-1+2

(___2_6 + - 1-)
v

=2 (+)

14
~,

v.~.w ~w ~ -

11

15
( 1 +<1+)(-'Uv)
.

_ d
2a

w :
2

+ + (
)

-

(-)=

( 1 +--+-~

1
=

-~ =

16
1-

1+

1-

1
1---

1+-

1-

1+

1+

2dlva(d+C12a)

1+

1-

(l-)

(l+)
-1

+1

-1--~~__

1--+ +1+++

1-

2+2 2
( 1
)
( 1+ )

=
2
=2 2 +

~2( 2 +)

12

17
+~
d+d
t;.

+ d-d =
-

~ :

(+)(-)+(+)(-)

~~~~(~~~~~+~~~~~)~(~~~-~~~~)~~~~~~=

1-1
= --;-------:--=-::-7-----,..-=

(+v)(-)

(+)(-)

18
1-d

1+d
-

t;.

2 (1+ )

~ C :

++

-+

+-

2 - 2
=2+2 =2+2=2(1+).

19
(1-c2) + C1(1-2) =
t;. - 2 +U- 2 =
=(+)- (+)=(+)-(+)=
=1.

E1tEL-

20
2

( + ) + (~+ <1) = (l+ ) 2

2

1t s y~:

+ __ )

(+ __ )

( + )
2
+
2

+ ) 2

2- + --:-:-:-r: } :( +)2 2+2

-2
2

:( +) 2 {

=(

)2

=(+ )2.

21
1-~

1 +~

= (cp-)

. ~; s s s
s C - C
-

(-) 2

-+.::....::....:...:.::...: (l+)(l-)

-2 -- +

- 2

2
2

-2+ 2
- 2

-2+ 2

= 2 -2 + 2 =

=(-)
2

22
1

1+
.
:

1-

= - 4

~ s C

14
1-

1+

1+ - 1- =

(1-) 2 -(1+) 2

1- 2

= 1+ 2 -2-1- 2 -2 __ 4 __ ~._1_ _
4 2
- 2 =-

23
(1+) + ~(1+e1)

"'-J+

=(+)

-) +
( 1+

= -- + --

2 + 2

= +

c:f

( 1+
-)

+ ) __
= ( + ) (

--'-'-"-'-__

+ --=--=--=--=-=

=+.

24
(+c:1U)(-c:1U) = 2 + 2
2

. (+)(-)= 2 - 2 = +1-1+
+ 2 = 2 + 2 .

25
(1 c:1U)(2-c:1U 2)
c:1U(-c:1)(3a + c:1U3a)
. lL:

15
--~---=(:,:1:.._-...:.~:.::........:;~:..;:..::...:)~(:..:..~:.::....:+:..::..:...:.:..::...:)....:(...:.~-=:..._-:..::..:....:.-=....:.)_ _ _ _ _ =
--1-- - --1 -)(+)( 2 - + 2 )

(-)

(-)

1
1 )
( ---- - -

(-)
_;_;_;__
___'

26
3a
1+2a

'6.

c?3a
l+c?2a

= 1-22a c:1Uv2a

tL:
3

3
1+ 2

c:1Uva

1+ 2

"5U

=---+

1-2 2 2

27
'E6v + =
( 8.: x2 -y 2
'6.

Et L

( - =, cmou

= 4VxY
2 -y 2 = ( + )2 - ( - )2 =
2

= + 2 +2 - 2 - 2 +2 =4 =4 v
2

16

28
C < < ;

( ~ ='2(1)
y

~
=-/3 (2) 6 UwoMyl.dov 6 6
y

~~

(3) y n~ (2) y~:

=1

y=-

1t

1t

=4'

y=6

29
'E6v ( w ) = ( w) (1) v6 i

1 {2+

1 :t Y4\14iv-15

- v lt.c l&6c ( v6 UJv ot 6ac

J v 6 v6 uv v6 ~w>.y.d) 6 6v

.-. ' f\~

(1)

: (~)= ( ; -~)
=+

=+

(2)

21

2+l

2 -

2+1

+1=0

-+=--

tc

(3)

17

~ y<2 +1)
~

= ~

(3)

{ 2+14 2 +4-15

_4

~. L L~;

, 4 2 +4-15;;,: - :;;~L !L ~

=-3 -4, -5,

;;,:

xaL

:;-

=2, 3, 4, 5,

30
'6

..

<

<

ct: L

2 ~>2~-2 2 ~
2

~-2~+1>0 -

''a :.~~.
..a"
...n .

> 2(1-dlv).

(1)
1 ~

(1) L - - - > 2-2~ i

~

1-2 ~>2~-2 2 ~

(1-~) > , 11 .L.

2

31
'6

= ~ + ", c!mC .

2a 6 -3a 4 + 1 =
6a 10 -15a 8 + 10a 6 -1

=.

=2-6 2 ~ 2 ~-3+6 2 ~ 2 ~+1=0

~ 2 ~= .' 2 ~=1-

18

32
'6 lcfou { ~e1t:
C1u(2x+y)

= (-2)

e1uv(x +2) = (2-)

:, 6 6

. . 1r

, .

~. ' s; ~s; :

u(2+y) =u [ ~
fi 2x+y=2kx (

-(x-2y)J

-x+2y)

C u(+2y)=u [ ~

C +2y=2 11 ( ~

-2x+y)

-(2x-y)J

'Ef;

u:

1t
3x-y=2kx+ 2

x+3y=2kx-

21t

3+y=211+

3+y=211+

1t

21t

x+3y=21<1t-

1(

1(

3x-y=21<1t+2

2
1t

-x+3y=21t-

-x+3y=21t-

1<=0.1

1<=1.2

1<=1.2

1<=0.1

=.1

=.1

=.1

=.1

L L u~ C L L <.
1toxu1tou
1~L yL u.

33
'6 2>~2 ,6 U { [o,2w]aC
6u .

19
~. wtL L
:

<)/ > <Dii>l

txvL L
t

3t

4<<4

)lC

511:

<

7'fC

<4

34
6 3" += 10 2, 6 ~ .
2

~~. ~ y L 3 ( 1+ 2 ~ ) +8=10 ( 1+ 2 ~)
~ 3(1+2 2 ~+ 4 ~)+8=10+10 2 ~ ~ 3 4 ~-4 2 ~+1=0

35
~c:. s yL:

20

36
6

6,y.

.;;; <::~) ~ 1
2

,;

+ )

4xy
2

~ (x+y) 2 ~

4xy

, y R

ota

~~

xy

J X2+y 2 +2xy"4xy -(x-y) 2 ~0

2
, (x-y) =0 ( x=y.

- _r

t.su

>. 'EF; ii\.

a tu

37
e ,ct.s: 22 - 2 2

= y2,

6 {11

. ~: ~

2 - 2 u 2 = 2 (1- 2 )

( 2 - 2 )u 2 :2- 2

=>

2 - 2 u 2 = 2 - 2 2

y2 -2

2 = '-'

( t~ ~~

2-2

~~ <1

38
6 {~ tC .fj s ~s

t()

= 2 + 2
2

C>wo , ctraoC 6 lC.

. : .

f(-&):(-&-~) +2
2

-&: ~:

a ( ~ u-

!~ 2 ( u(~

"" ,, ~= :~ = 2 -&=
.

'

:_l,;=V:

-&-~=

21
. ~. .a ~ .an~~ C
~ ~v ~ ~ 2 .a ~~:
2

f( .a )= 2 2 ~t ~ - - 2 4 .a-f( .a ) 2 .at~ = .a

s;!~

f(.a)

~ -2

f (.a)-42 2 ;;..,;
2

(1)

.,;

~ C ~

f(.a)
(2)

~ 2

f 2 (.a);;.4 2 2

~~ (1) C

(2)
min

f(.a)=2.

39
6 ~ a <')(t<'LC = 1+2 ( = 1 + ~2,
' lr1 g 2(a3 + 3 ) + 9 2 27(1+~v4 )
(1)

~~. ~ ~~

(1)

+18v 2 .a+9v 4 .a=27-18v 2 .a(l-v 2 .a)

y~:

+ 18v 2 .a+9v 4 ~=

40
lrv ~OUV a <')(t<'LC. = dcpa ( (~v-)=
g ( + ) -2

= (+~v), lr(

~~. ~ ~ .aC~ n C

(v- )= (n+ v)

v- n= ~ ( n+ av)
n

(n+ u)= n v- n2a.

v

22

(+): - 2

(+):- 2

41
6 6 , y :) lu
du(2x +3y )=

21

aL

~tdc.c

i3

dJV(3x + 2y )=

:. '1t ~; ~; .ii y.ii -.ii :

2x+3y=2k1t ~

3x+2y=21t ~ t .ii

1t
2x+3y=2k1t+ 3

1t
2x+3y=2k1t- 3

2x+3y=2k1t-

31t

61t

3x+2y=21t-

61t

~C 1t y -& .ii -&

2x+3y, 3x+2y

1t

3x+2y=21t+

1t
2x+3y=2k1t+ 3
3x+2y=21t-

1t1t ! ~

61t

2x+3y ~

3x+2y=21t+

251t

51t

~ 3x+2y~--

1t

k 1 , 1t ! ~;.

k=O,l

k=O,l

k=l

k=l

=,l

=l

=,l

=l

1t y 1t- .

23

42
'6

<<

<y<2
,..

(1)

+ + y

< du + duV + auy

xe- .,

'
',_
011'
.
11

<

(2)

~. (1) :

<~

<

<y

<

(++y) < ++ -

<

y<y

<

++

++y

' (1) :

<y

<y

< y

<y. u-:

~<y

~= y

= y

++y < y(++y) -

<

. .

y.y

++

++y < y

43
6 6 6 , y
.J..

,_

1r ~ C)(d.: y
.,

- dux Jduy r 0 1 01\'( . 1'6dd.~

1
=-----,2"-i-::----.2)(-

2 l. lr6~ w 6

du

24
. ' ~ w~~

=-..!

ny=-

ny

(1)

=---

wL~ yL:

1+ 2 +

1
Ef2:i: +
1+ 2 y

Ef2X

1+
2

1+ 2

2 +

1+2y

1+~ 2 y

(2)

2 y+

n ,y i\~ ~ (1),yL

1+
=

82
2!2:i:

2 2

2 ~ 2 ;:t+ 2 ++
(+ 2 y)

1+~ 2 ;:
2 y+

Ef2:i:

2 2 ;:t+2
2+22y

( + )( +.~ 2 :) =
+ 2 y)

1+ 2 :t
2 y+

..

1'1

44
'6 oL yC~ , \.yc:ivou c:J ~ d)(

~ ~
2
VL.OV

- ..!!!_
-

(1),

( gn 6 Cy l yc:i

., :cbek~~
'
...

'\

(1)

yL:

1+ 2
2

-~
- r

1+ 2 r
2 (1+ 2 )

2 (1+ 2 ) = r
(2) yL

(2)

C ~L L ~. f~

(1+ 2 )-(1+ 2 )=

25
(-)(l- )=
=r

(4)

(3). " (3) ~L

=l

(5).

B=k+r

C L !L

k=O -

( 5) -

= - r- =r=

(....!. -r)
2

+=k+ ;

C L !L

L:

tL ( 4 ) -

B=r. tL

C =k+ 2

-r,

+=....!.
2

k=O -

45
'6 , wy( l( (

a 2 +

u6 6 ' lw

~ + <'U .,.; a2 + 2

. L-&~

<=>

2 (1- 2 )+ 2

<=>

(-) 2 ;.

j+ ~ 2 + 2

( 1- 2 )-2

;.

t L.

46
6 ~ ~td~: 'ly
..;:"
"'

=
2

.,
-
on + ) +~=1
2.

(1) 6

' cnro'

(2) ( l.d6~.

. ii " (2) L:
2
-

(l+ ) +

1+ 2
2

1+ 2

-
(l+ )

+ 2 y(l+ 2 ) =
2 ~(1+ 2 y)

26
-

(l+ 2 )

2 (l+l)

2 - + 2 + 2 2

2 (l+ 2 )

: (l+y)
=1
2
2

2 (l+ 2 )

L s: (2) yL:

(l+ y)

(-)(l+ 2 y)+ 2 y(l+ 2 )(l+ )

= 2 (l+ 2 y)(l+ )

2 { 2 - +l+ + 2 + 3 - 2 - 3 }

2 y( 2 +l)= (l+ 2 )- 2 y=

47
'E6v
(

~ < < w, v6 ~

on z + C12CF

+ ).

= 2 + 2 +2=(+) 2 =l+l=-(+),LL !v
+ <

48
'E6v l~ Cyvov le1x11 Cf)(ef~:

v 3

C1Uv 3 2

, v6

on

(yvv

lv ldott~.
c;:. 1tL !'L u
L:

'# -&! -

27

.2

--
2

1+2

+ ( 2
( 2

= -----=..-

= 2

.2

=>

+3

-=

= 2

1+2

+3

2=>

)( -

--

)(1+ -

--

) = =>

+- - + 2 -

+- - + 2 -

) =
2

(1). Ll

!; !L 1+ 2 -+--+ 2 -> (LC;).

= -=

=k1t+

-1t<-<

!!

-=2k ] A-B=2k1t
-= 1-<2k< -= 1_; <k<;

49
'6 ~ + ~

1
=- +
-

~ + ~
3

Ti'\!;

= _1_
(cr+)3

~f.: '\!; (1) :

(1) , 6
(2)

.] .

28

=>

(+)" 4 +(+)-2(+)" 2 +(+)"=

(+) 2 " 4 -2(+)" 2 + 2 =

(+)"2:

=>

(2)

=>

2 = : :i-

=> "2: __

~ ~~

[(+)" 2 -} 2

(+) 4 + (+) 4 = (+)4 =

1
(+)3

50
'E6v x,y u6v 6,v6 i ~L
1+ ~v 2 x+ ~v 2 ;.~vx+ ~vy+ ~vx~vy
{,g,. ~~ y~ ! :v

~{ =l,

=v,

y=y

C "~.

51
'E6v , , & yv(a C ~ouv
~

=,

al

dXtdc:

= , ~v = v6 , j 3.:
-1+s
= = =
2

~v

~. ! :

29

O<A,B,r < 21t

<A,B,r < 21t

2 = 2

2 = 2

:r= 2

<=>

<=>

1+ 2 -

1- 2

1t

<A,B,r <

1
1+ 2
~ 2 r

2
1- 2 r
2 r

:~

=>
-s-1

r=---

< <;
~

at

a. ..

52
. lr6 ~6ct c!&. ~~~<1
{1)
v

I I<
C1UVV

{2)

ldx 1 I < 1,

{3) wwu at ~. .

30

I <
y

<=> \l

<ly\

<=>

1 ~1<1

(2)

': !

.2
1+ 2

<-=---1
<=>
2
1+ y

2 +2 2 < 1+~

<=>

<=> j y\ < 1

(3)

53
'E6v

+ y += k1f ~ou kEZ,v6 Lj on

(+){+y) = (y+)$+)

~.

i) '

+=21t-(y+)

k=2

(+)=-(y+)

=>

+y=21t-(+)

ii)

(+y):-(+)

k=2+1

+=21t+1t-( y+)
+y=21t+1t-(+)

=>

=>

=>

(+)(+y)=
(y+)(+)

=>
(+)=(y+)
(+)(+y)=
(+y):(+)

=>=(y+)(+)

31

54
..2-2

'E6v <JX6a.c -~

~v2+2
~v2

=1

~~ .6

= 1,

6 v6 .i g. ~. .6 6 6v v.
~c;. ~ =l

(2)

on

4 e

v 4 e

- -2- +

2 =1

(2)

(v 2 ,-v 2 ~) 2 =0- v 2 =v 2 ~
2 =2

e.

~ ~ t~ ~ =k
v 2 k2

+ v 2 k

~~~ ~~ t~ ~ =k+1.

(3)

~ ~ y~

~ ~ =k+l.

=1

(3)

----------------------------------

55
'6 6 ~~ yc16 ! .u<'. oyLCSoU
6 .u<'.6 p.d ..w CW<'6 1 6 yL6
lwC ~u<' C 6 .~ f w<'~, 6 L...a
,
" OL w.:
~(+) =~ ~- ~,
'&:;:.

LL ~(~

~.) ~oC

ou

=u +n ( 1)
=u +n '(2)
:u(90.+)+n(90+)

=-n +u

( 3)

=u(+)+n(+))(4)
(2)

xaC (4)

(+)= ~-+~ ~

33

(+)+(+)= + '
Ls

(5)

(1)

x~C

(5)

(3)

L:

(+)+(+)=( + )+

+(- + ) => (+)+(+)=

=( - )+( + )
=

(+)

(+): + .

LL iis ka+=

pL C (k,)

a,
R

L C

L k==.

~pC, ~ 'L pCtL t t

i ii .

!L

<n>=,

<on>OB=on,

-- -- --

()=,

=+,

<> =.

56
. t~ , . Cd .:

ud6 ' w J twC v6 ~ 'J6 l

w ~ d)(d:
) d

+ d(120+) + d(240+) ~

) d5+ d77+ d149+ d221

d293:::

'6 p L

BF, fA,

Cr; tp p C-

vC & L
pvL ns xopiis

C Cr;
C

. ~ :

--- -

++

(1)

34
C

: Ls

(1)

CL

+ (120+)+(240+)=
) p Lyr C

p {,}=5 ~

5+77+149+
+221+293=0

5+77+149+
+221+293=0.

57
'6 [ (, y, )
+ y += k'll'

I w + ~

6 ) ~

(1) <=> + + = y

(2)

&rou ( k , ) e .
'66. L

(2)

+y=-(l- y)

ts ypL:
+y

<=>

1- y

=-

L y~l

~ (+y)=(-)

<=>

+y=k-

' '
- 1rpo6 C1' '
' - "w
"
L
,..; ' .... 6 ~

y Cy le1 <1e1' ++= ,

KaC L6 6 Cy <1e1~

e1cpA

e1B+e1cpB e1 +<1 e1= 1

35

58
'6 l. (, y, )# , 6 .~ g.

+ y+ = k + ;
3

(1) <=> + y + =1 (2)

( k , )

'&::. i) C

1t
=> x+y=k1t+ 2

(1)
=

1-

(+y)=

=>

+y =1- y

y+y + =1.

on

ii) C

( 2 ) <=>

(+y)= (; -)

1
=-=>

+y

=>

=>

(1) => (2)

(2)

=> (1)
+y

( +y ) =1- y

<=> 1 -

_
-

(3)

LL tL ~ ~1t C +y~, LL
L

+y:

=>

y=1

t-

1t.

(3) :
+y

1-

<=>

(+y)= (; -)
x+y+=lat+

<=>

x+y=l<1!+ -1!
2

<=>

21t

u L L L ~ Cy
tL L:

A,B,r

xaC

- +

~-~-+~-~-~--

=1

36

59
'E6v lctouv l <')(~ < < ;

<

<

"
')-

21f

+ - y=

= 43

4r

(1)

= 53

< < ;
y

8
= 19

'. (1) ~ +=: +

:L;{-8~

on (+)= ( : +)

+=k+ : +

+-:k+ :

(3)

2 < . k+ ..!!....
4

_!_

<

11

~ :

-< k <4- - - k=O.

4
(+)=

(2).'t

(4). !f s '\!> 1t~-

- ..!.. <+ -<

''~
r-

L iis

(3).

1-

__9_
1
90

1-

+y

= 4+5

27
=u

8
1 + 19

= --s-=

1 - 19

u27

...

60
'

6 < <
l6 l <')(~

2f

= ( 2 + + 1)
6 ~ C>.: +

=y

<

<

2r

< <

>

/+-+1

y=

37

':c:.

! L

+=

(1) ~

(+)=!
+=k+

(2)

k=O

s :

tx_t_ -1

(+)=

- 1 =--.:...c..:..
~ _ _ = (t 2 -1) _ (+1)1/- =
+
t
t(+1)
- t(+1)--

tx+Vx

=-t-=

L !L -

...!_

Vx 2 +x+1=t.

<+-<
1

-2 <k<1

=>

- .!!_ <k<
2

=>

=> k=O.

61
'6 6 (, , ) (,

.tt: ~ = 3
., + = 2

;)

(1)

C ~v t dXf

C = 2 ,

(2)

(3) v6

.~ -

(4).

'&:c:. .s (4) L:
~+m
-=...:....L.. =

-~=~

-&+ = k+

k=O
-&

!L :

6+ =
2

+
~

-. 2

1-

_!_

3 ~ + _!f..

--

-~-----

1- _!_
2

1- 2 _!_
2

38

1
=2

2 ..!.
2 = 2
1

1-2

' ....

=.

( 1) ..

1:

~+

- 2 < -2- -

1:

< => -

1:

1:

2 < kx < 2

=>

1
1
--<k<2
2

=> k=O

62
' : .:
.,
2 + 4 -- 23(2)
2
1- 23

"An8c<MJ:. ! :

3-~

1+3

2+~~(3-)+(3+)=

3+
1-3

3- 2 3 -+z 3+3++ 2 3 +3 2
1- 2 3 2

23+23 z

1-z 3 2

= 23(1+ 2 ) =
1- 3
2

23 2

1- 2 3 2

! , v
~Q , t t ,
a v~v ".

63
w: ~ Sctr32a - 6c1re2a

=3a + ~

! : 8 3 2-62=

-:--=-3----=-8 v 3

1-3 2 v 2
3 v3

39

1 + 1

n11 3
....:..u::.....
3

+ - -3

=3+ 3

64
'r( g.: 3 3a
68tc:.

! ~:

+ d3 <1Uv3

= d32

3 3 +3 3 =

3,- 11 3
3+3
,. ~ ,.
+3
~

= 2 3- 2 3+3(3 +3 )= 6+32 =32

~
4

65
'( g.: 2 =

1-2 (f -)

1+2 (: -)

2=

1- 2 (~ -)
(

1+ 2 ~ -

(;

1- 2

1+ 2

=>

-2) :2

66
'6
'6c:.

= '+y
6 .i . 2
+ y
! ~:

2+2y

1+22y

40

2 =

1+ 2

c+y

l+

l+ ( +y ) 2

2(+y)(1+ )

(l+ ) 2 +(+) 2

(l+y)l

2(l+2y)+2y(l+2)
(1+ 2 )(l+ 2 y)+4

2
1+ 2

2y
1+2y

::

4 y

l+

(1+ 2 )(l+2)
2+2y

= 1+2

2y

67
'6 22(+)
dua du

r.L , 6

= 2 + :l-2 d(-)
'' ;"'1
..- .:
"

1 :t
1 :;:

'lc:. ~~i 2 2 C
:

2(+) 2 = 2 (l+ 2 )+ 2 (l+ 2 )-2 (l+ )

=> 2(+)2=(-)2-

- =+

= i.i

68
:L .: y = dux
2
1-

~c:

(-) = {1-)

(1). 6 lr~

{2)

'6:. i ;

(2)

y~:

1+1

( x-y )=

-y

~ 2

1-

= ---=---=-...:..u:~~- =

1+ y

+
1- 2

- 2 -
1- 2 +

+ 3 - 3 -

-
1-

(1-)(1+ 2 )

2
1+2

- ~
2
1+

q1+2

(1-)+(1-)3

1+ 2 - 2 + 2

1+ 2

(1+2)

=(1-)

1+ 2

69
'( ()

'8ec: !L:

-=3-~4..:,;c:Ju=-.:v-=2=-+.....:c:Ju=-.:v...:.4=- =4
3+4<1uv2

c:Ju4

3-+2~+2 2 2~-1

3++2~+2 2 2~-1

2-+(2 2 ~-1)+2(2 2 ~-1) 2 _

2+1+(2 2 ~-1)+2(2u 2 ~-1) 2 -

2-8 2 ~+1++8 4 ~- 2 ~+2

= 2+8 2 ~-4+8~~8 2 ~+2 =

4 ~-16 2 ~+8

8 4 ~

70
6 ~u at ~tc~: 1/2 cJux = c:Ju + c:Ju 3 (1) C
2 = -3 (2) , ' lr~ :

( - ) = c:Juv2

= 31

42
66ct

C; a~L (1)2 +(2)) C -

1
l;L i's tLs (3) !L 2y=- C 2y=-3 1t 3
t(L.

ii)
1

=:;

(-y): y-y =

y(y- 3 y)-

1
-:y:;

y(y+ 3 y)=

Wy y( 2 y+ 2 y)

y 3 y-* y 3 y:.:..

=--ir=-

!L:

1 2y=- 2V2
1
iV2

( V1- 2 2y)=-

m1

( -2"'1/2
- ) = 31
3

71
C ~
d)(~

(: + ; )

= 3 ( :

+ ; )

'wt

y = ~
~

et. ' ~t L:

1+f =( 1+f

1--

1--

L+L
(
2
2 L -.L
2
2

+2

C :

1+y - ( 1+ )

---1-y

1-

1+y-1+y

= (1+)3 -(1-)3

1+y+1-y

(1+) 3 +(1-) 3

1+3+3 2 +3-1+3-32+3

y= 1+3+32+3+1-3+3 2 - 3

43
2y= 6+23

3+2

xaC

2+6 2

y: 1+3 2

72
'Elv + + = 'I' C ~u { !c1.. u = ccp y,
u = y , u = , 6 ' lr.i ;.:
2 + 2 + 2y = 1
'c ~ L L 1t/
1t :

= 2 y

y=
2

y=

= ....::...::...:~'-::.;::..,;.:;...

=r 2 y

xaC

':

-2 t
l+ y

_ _ _ =
= _..:....;_-'-=_.o....;__:_::c
+r

-(+)

2 y=

xaC

:::

2 = r

2 = r
2 + 2 + 2 y= + + r

2+2+2y:1

73
'Elv <1! Cy ~ ~ c1..:
u u + = 1, ' c!nr.i .: = = 45
'c,

1t

;:

L - C

y ABr tL <r:;;. L <<l ~: y

L + >l (-)>l a1t.
L r: 1tL r=90 ~: yL (-)
. -= xaC ==45.

=1

s:

~ L:

=l- , !L ~L s.
ts C t L:

..

- 2 2 2 =l+ 2 2 -2 -1+ 2 + 2 -2 2

- 2 2 2 r=(-)

r=

's t L

= ~

r=90

=.

74
'6 , , y

l ( 6 6 + + y = 60,

' c!r] C>.:

~ y

+ 2 ( + y + y )

=2

'. ' ii s ++=60-(++)= ;

- - - ,, =
2 =1+2 +2 +

+~

1+2 +2

y 8+2

2= +2( + y+ )

..

21

45

75
'6 dt (y .lcsx~ ~ dd~: d + + CJ='3
(1), 6 lnr~ g 6 (y ld''.
'6;. ii (1) :
2 + 2 +~r+2 +2 r+2 r=3

(2)

~ !:

+ r+ r=1.

(2) ypQ ii:

(-) 2 +(-r) 2 +(r-) = 2

==r => A=B=r

' cSnoc;

+-(+)=1/3 => + - - 1

:V3

=>

2 + 2 +2 - + 1=1/3 +1/3 =>

2 -(lf:3-)+ 2 +1-V3 =
L ' ~ ~ 11p

~p
.

("/3-)2 -4( 2 +1-/3 ) ~

3-2"V3+ 2 -4 2 -4+41/3 ~

-3 2 +2'3-1 ~

(/3-1) 2 ~ => /3-1=0

76
( g .6 6 (y lcs dd~:
3

'I

'8ec:. ~ ! 't!;.
~

ABr !:

++r= r~.

v,

:
3 + 3 + 3 -3 r=

= ; ( ++r) (( -) 2 +( -r )2 +( -) 2 ]
~

3 + 3 + 3 =,

()

() :

-3= ; ((-)2 +(-) 2 +(-) 2 ] 1t,

3 + 3 + 3 r~.

77
'6

=
(1)

'n:~.

u vv

2 2~ = -v~
+v~

' -.- v'-

"

~s; :

v-v

_!_ =
2

- -v v =

-v v-v+v

-v v+v-v

v-v

-v v

(-v)(+v)
(+v)(-v)

-~

=2

47

78

Cv. al (1Xld.s: ~v2a + 2~y

(1)
uv2 + 2y
(-2)
~v2y + 2~
(3)
, ~ , y -1
' &..C i . ! wv l a3wv w. C.

=
=

An6e~c;: t

~ s

( 1) ( 2)

~ C .

2y{-}=2-2

2y{-}=-2{+}{-} ~
y:-(+)

:-(+y)

(4)

(4)

C ~~~

C 2(-y) ~ :

2(-y):2 2 y-22

2(-y)=2-2y

2y+2 =2+2 y=

79
'E6v ldxU~ (1Xtd.s ~v(a ++ y)
v6 .~ .:

=~va ~v ~vy, (1)

( + y)(y + )( + )+2 2 2y =
'6ec;:. l'is !>

(1)

(2)

(+y)- (+y)= y

=>

y- y- (+y)= y

=>
l'is
~.

( +y )=- y

(3)

=>

y=

( 3)
C

(2)

t-

48
' ~ 1~ ~, ~ ~~ ~~
ii~

(3),
(+)=-

(4)

(+)=~

(5)

~~~ ~ ~~

(3), (4), (5)

:
(+)(+)(+)=-

81

2 2 2

=>

8(+)(+)(+)+2 2 2=

80
'6 (,,y) (, ; ) C ~. t~.s
<'U2a + cr2 + ~2y

=1

(1), '&..~ . + + y <

1r

'.nc ''t ~ -&Q

++ ~

i) ++=1t
=r.

=>

=> (+)=- => +=

2 + 2 +2 =
2

:( 1- 2 ) ( 1- 2

=>

2 2 + 2 +2

=1- 2 - 2 + 2 2

=> ii~ ( 1) => :

2 =_? ,~ (,,) (, ~
++>

ii)

.!... <- <

(+)

+ 2

(2) C ~ !-

C +< ii~ (2) ~

=> +>1t-

<

=>

+2

< (

2 <

1- 2

<

=>

) ( 1- )

1t.

=>

49

81
'6 (+y) + Chlv(y+a)
uva

w.~ CS.

u(+) (1),6 v'-

=2

uvy

= y

(2) r

=2y

(3)

'~;: t !> ( 1) -& ++=t ,

(t-)

(t-)

t+t

+t+t

(t-)

=>

=2t+2t

=>

t(+-2):

) Ti'\!>
t=

(4)

(4) L:

<=> t=kx <=>

++=k

<=>

++=

+-2=

<=>

+=2

82
. at <')(c:.c:

6 6a (,) e (,
~~.

2-&=

32-1

3-2

2-4 2

2+4z

<=>

6 .i lS.: <=>

1+ -&

= ~2-1

2-&(3-2)=32-1

-2

1- 2 -&

;)

1- 2 -&

1+ 2 -&

: 2(3-2)

: =f

<=>

3 1-z -1
=

1-2 2

1+2 2

1+ 2

- _ 1- 2
3
1+ 2

<=>

2 -&=2 2

<=>

j-&:"'/21:) I
,

) (

,-&,. ~2

50

83

- +
- 1+

' ' ~ L

(2)
L:

(1)

1-(f+) _ 1-(f+) .1-(f+s)

1+ (; +) 1+ (; +) 1+ (; +)
1+
1-

_
-

=>

(1+)(1+) =>= (1+)(1+)-(1-)(1-)

(1-)(1-)
(l+)(1+)i(1-)(1-)

=>

= 2+2
2+2

=>

1+

84
'6 lc1)(ou { c1)(e1~t: S = (+2) (1) (
e1u <'u(+)i (2),'c!m] 2(+)=3
(3)
'. ' L

(1)

L:

S[(+)-]=((+)+] ~ S(+)u-S u(+)

(+)uv+ (+) ~
L ~
2(+)u

4(+)6=6 u(+)(4)

(2)

L:

3 u(+)

uu(+) = u u(+)

85
'w( :

=>

2 (+)= 3

(3)

51
5-c5 _

5+du5.

'&:;:.

(e- ..!..)
.
4

1-22-422 .,

1+22-422

~
J01'"

..

k'W-

! L: 5-&=16 5 -&-20 3 -&+5-&

5~=16 5 -&-20 3 -&+5-&

' wL:
5~-5~
5-&+5-&

16(s-&-s-&)-20( 3 -&- 3 -&)+5(-&-~)

16( 5 -&+ 5 -&)-20( 3 -&+ 3 -&)+5(-&+~)

_
-

-&--&
-&+-&

1-22~-4 2 2~

1+22-&-4 2 2-&

~-1

1-22-&-4 2 2-&

-&+1

1+22-&-4 2 2-&

1-22-&-4 2 2~

1+22~-422-&

86
'w: ~.: 2 4
'8c;:.

4(2

1214

=4 (2 2:

5r
24

7..
24

"24 = 1

ww s yL:

2:) ( 2 ;:

..
24

2: ) (

~:) =
;:

;: )

=4

11

12

i; =

87
'..aL ~.:

cuv" ()+ cuv"

(c + :) + cu 4 (x+ ~) + cu" (+

:) =

(1)

52
,

.e. s: , -=

!L ( v(; +)=-
(1)

; ;

v(t

1[

2 =>

3
4)

..

v=-.

=-(t

:)

.(

L:

88
6 j .:

"~.

-- 4

1t

+v

!L

16 +

7'11.

l6

3'11.

6 +v

16

=v

3'11.
l6

= (

'JI.
l6

+v

)
l6

-2

16

16 +

3
16

C 1tLLs; L 'J.L
v

16

4 -

+v

3'JI.
16

+v 4

5
16

i:v 4

7'JI.
3
=16
2

+v

3);

16

53

89
'wC C5L

&:c;

' 2=2 u ~

= 2

p s yp~.

= 16

90
'wC

on:

nc:. ! ~: 2 + 2 (+120 )+ 2 (-120 )=

7

=u 2 +( u120- 120 ) +( u120+120 )

=u 2 +2u 2 2 12i1-2 2 2 120 =2 +- u 2 +- 2

91
w(

c:.

1
2

! ~

10

54

92
': :
':<:. ! ~: u 3 3+ 3 u3=
=u 3 (3-43)+ 3 (4u 3 -3u)=3u 3 -3 3 u
=3 u(u 2 - 2 )=

2 u2=44.

93
6 6 6
6v

... ~

A~v (+)+(+)

~(+)+'c1Uv(+) ~6v -

6 6 ,,.. v vC v ''pv

~v, v6 ~ '- '= ('-' )(-).

'

~~

"

u(+)+(+) =
~(+)+'u(+)

u(+)+(+){'(+)+'u(+)}

(uu-)+(u+u)
'(u+u)+'(uu-)
(u+)u+(u-)

('+'u)u+('u-~)
~ ~ ~:

55
u+=('+'u)
u-=('u-')

u+

'+'u

u+ = 'u-'

'u 2 -'u+'u-' 2 6=

'u+'u 2 6-' 2 -'u

'- ':( '- ')(-6)

94
'6 ~ = ~ y, ~= ~y , ~z = ~~v
x+y+Z='If aC ~ ~ ~y I,6 lnrq :

++ 1

y++ 1

. L x+y+z=~t

u 2 +u 2 y+u 2

1 (1)

y +;y+ 1

+2u uy uz:1
(1), L~L L
u, uy, uz, ~ :

(1)

z+

u 2 6 2 +u 2 2 +u 2 2 6+2 uuu

=1

LL L u Lu u 2 u 2 6 u 2 # C

2 (1+ 2 )+ 2 (1+ 2 )+ 2 6(1+ 2 )+2 =

=(1+ 2 )(1+ 2 6)(1+ 2 )

L C :

( -1) = 2

11

(2)

L:

++1

(1)

=1

+ +

++1

56
+

1+ + + +1+

t +1

++1

=
1

95
6v ~ 11 d)(<':

v6 1' ;; (1+32 )

~-:;e
y-

3l

+ yJv 2

e
2

= V'"1....,.+3-"""""2"-,

= 23 .
3

'. '

Vx tVy +Vz =

=>

(x+y+z) =27xyz L {L:

3

M+V

2 ~- + V-(1+3 2 )=

2~

1+ 2

=>

1+4 2

~ (1+2)

=>

4 6 (1+ 2 ~)=(1+ 2 ) 2 (1+4 2 )2~

4 6

= 2

~[(1+ 2

4 6

= 2

~(1+6

=>

) (1+4 )-4 ]

+9 4

=>
2

)= ~(1+3 )

=>

2 =~(1+3 ).

96
'E6v

~ aL d)(c1 (~-) =

(-)

(y-) ;10 (1)

57
O'lrCU

k,,/0 C

(-y),

k(-) c1(- y )+(2

'~. 'E)I i'\s;

(~-)=kt
(-)=t

(y-), -/w ( ~

k)

..

(1)

~-

l+~

::>

l+
y-

(y-)=t

l+y

c1cp( y -)+( k -) 2c1(-)=

~-kt

=kt

=t

=t

g= kt~+l

::>

-t

(2)

= t+l

(3)

(4)

y-t

ty+l

'

(2)=(3)
(3)=(4)
(2)=(4)

::> k t

-(k-)(~-)t+l=

(5)

=>

t -(-)(-y)t+l=

(6)

=>

kt -(-k)(y-~)t+l=O

(7)

2
2

i'\s; a (5)-(6)

=>

(k-)t +

+ [( -k ) ( ~- )- (- )(-y)] =
. Cs; (6 )-( 7)

()

=> (-k )t+ [(-)(-y)-(k-)(y-~ )] =

(9)

() C (9) :
2

( - )(-k )(-y )-(k-) (~- )=(k-) (y-~ )+

+(k- )(- ) ( -y)

=> (k- ) (y-~ )+(k- ) 2 (~- )+

2

+k(-) (-y)=

97
t , , yC~ ~ &y( y C
)( d)(d": (+)-+ (+)

l-

+ (+) = (1) (
~ .: (+) 2 +(+) 2 +(+)t=(-)2c1cp+(-)2 c1cp8+
+ (-)2c1cp
(2)

58
.An68ctc;.

Ls; (2)

ts; yL:
2

(+) 2 2 -(-) + (+) 2 -(-) + (+) 2 2 r-(-) =

2

~(+) 2 2 r+(+) r+(+) 2 2 r2

- ((-) r+(-)-z rt(-) 2 ]=

[< +)

+(+ ) 2 +( + ) 2 r]

-[() r+(-) 2 r+(-)2 ]= ~

2

tL s;

: r

a yL

n Ls;:

( ++r) [(+ ) +( + ) +( + ) 2 r]2

- [(-) r+(-) 2 r+(-) 2 ]= ~

2

( + ) 2 2 +( + ) 2 2 +( + ) 2 2 r+

[< + ) 2 +(+ ) 2 -

(- )'J

+ [(+) 2 +(+) 2 -(-) 2] r+ [(+) 2 +(+) 2 -(-) 2] r=

=

(t ) 2 2 +(+ ) 2 2 +(+ ) 2 2 r+2(+ )(+ )+

+2(+)(+) r+2(+)(+) r=

[(+)+(+)+(+)r] 2 =0

...

98
'wC CS.:

2e7~

2 8 ~ -~'

,.m2(+ 6 ) 2f- 6 )
-

CSav ~ (2<'Uv+ 1)(2~-1) F

(1)

59
7~=64 ~-112
7

~ ~~

26 7

~+7~

~-7~

(1)

~+56 3

L:

~(7-56 2 ~+112 4 ~)

~-7~

~(7-56 2 ~+112 4 ~)

-~

16 4 ~-8 2 ~+1

-~

16~-8 2 ~+1

(4 2 ~-1 )

4 2 ~-1

99
'E6v

(x,y,z)R

3- 3 + 3y- y3
1-32

1-3y2

( + y+ z = xyz

(1) vlr-
2

"

.:

+ 3z- z3 = xyz (3-x )(3-y )(3-z )

1-3z 2
(1-3x 2 )(1-3y2}(1-3z 2 )

(2)

.6 ~ &-r6. ~ (2) pdw~d yc:J6~ y .6~ d~L~.

(1)

'.sc~. =,
=y
C (2) L LC~:

=z

C . L~

++=

(3)

3+3+3=3 3 3

(3)

(4)

L C L~ ++=k k.

L LL ~
3+3+3=k
(5) .
3+3+3=3(++):3k

(4)
(5)
.

~ L~~ L:
~ tL,LL
=3k

'~ !L LL~

_JJ_

2z

xyz

1- 2 + 1-y 2 + 1-z 2 = (1- 2 H1-y 2

2

x(1-y )(1-z )+y(1-z )(1-x )+z(l-x )(1-y

2

)(
2 )

1-z 2

4xyz.

60

100
'C ~:
"""2
= _:::!:.....__;;._
"

(]+2)(1+2 )(1+23) (1+2)

;I k C

k1r

+ ;

12=

1
--v2

= 1v2

2v 2

= ..::....:....:....:,;,.-'-

-;;..__,~
v2

v2

r=

v 2 v 2 2 vv 2 2 2 v2 2-

v2 v22 v23 v2

=2v 2 v2 v2 2 v2 3 ...

=~

v2-

2 v 2v2 2v2 ...

=

=-

1
v2

101
'E4y ''py.6s .6s,lnrC ~ 6
2-2

dUva+1

2 -2 dUv+1

6v 6s '11'6 \1 wv Wv,

22

2.f

61
,

,
..
r(

-2+1
2

_
-k
- 2 +

(k-l) 2 -2(k-)+k-1=0

[ ~ 'tL ~

( k- )7 - ( k-1 ) 2 ~

-(1- 2 )k 2 -2k +2k-(1-2) ~

(1)

k= 1-( 1- ) -2ml
2

ot

C (1) 1L

k= 1- !(-)

k _

1- _+-

1-

>

= (l+)-(l+) =

(l+)(l-)

=~-----~2~~~~

2 ~
2 2 ~ 22 .1_

2
. 2
k,=
=
4 2 .1_ 2 .1_
2 _!_
2
2
2

2 ~
C

k2=

2--

102
'w( .6 6 Cyv lc16 l va-

c
~

\j.A
a 2

4"'13.

+5 +

a 2 2

+5 +

a 2 5

+5

62
'&:<~

z 2 =

r
2

[ ~

+5

+15

}{ ~ ~ +5~

L !L

/ ~2 ~p>..!2 +5

+1

L L;:

ycpL:

xaC

r
2

+5

=1 =>

/..!2 _!_2

; +5+

+5 + 1

/ _!_2 ~2 :; 4V3

103
6 (a,)eR

Va 2 +

C x,y

2 +

6,6 L~ :

2~( + y) ~ + ~y

'n:<. L ; u; L; i\;

Vt(x) ~ ()

i\;

!L -&t\ f(x) ;: 2 ()

(LC; )~

; ! L-&~ 2 + 2 +2u(+y)
~(u+uy) 2
2

+ +2u uy-2 y- 2 u 2 - 2 u 2 y-2uuy~C

~

2 2 + 2 2 y-2 1"\J ;: ~ (-y ) 2 ;:

u tL .

63

104
! 6
. LJ."'1

(, y, z }eR

aC , , yC Lyu

"
.:

2 + y2

+ z2 -2 yz

~-2 xz ~-2 xy C1U

'&:c;.. ' s;

(1)

;;.

{1}

! ( s; S~ ~ . ~ 1
, ~Q (
~ .

! :

~ =y 2 2 +z 2 2 +2yz -y 2 -z 2 +2yz
=-y 2 (1- 2 )-z 2 (1- 2 )+2yz[+]

:-y2 2 r-z 2 2 B+2yz (-(+ )]

:-y 2 2 r-z 2 2

+2yz

=-(y-z) 2 ~ .

' ~v

1. ' , ( ! t ( iis; s;
2 +k+=, ~Q :
2 (+S)+k(+S)(+S)+ 2 (+S)
k,.
2. +S+=, C ++=,

~~

3. ' (x,y,z) !
~~ :
(+y) ~ +y

, ;],

( x+y+z) ~ +y+z

64
4.

~ u , . 2 1 3

j(, +2+3+ +)j

5.

=1t

C ~:

j, l+j2+,I]~+ j I

C~ t ~~=
1 : u(+)=u u.

'11C; ~

6.

C ~:

(2u-1)(2u2-1)(2u2 -1)

7.
i.

-1)=

2u2 +l

2u+ 1

( ~:
4 (60-)(60+):3

4u u(60-)u(60+)=u3

ii.

32u-48u 4 +lu 2 -1=u6

iii.
.

. (2u2

C ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~

2 ~+~ u~+yu 2 ~

~ ~~ u

~-&

+y + _!._ l/2+(-y)2
2
2 .

9.

C ~ u~~

+y- _!_-2+(-y)2
2
2

(+)

- (-)

~ ~~ ~ u ~~ ~-&

2
10.

'

2 :

(:

-) C

u2 u2
u

2 ( + )

2 ~ =

2(: +)

,
,
11 ~ :

--------------------------------

105
Elc 6a Cyvov v 'lrLi 8.:
1

(1)

~vA ~vB ~v 4t
'c:;;:..

Ls;

yL:

(1)

2 r" ~ ..;:: [()+(-r)]

.:;

2 - (B-r ) +- ;;.
~

<=>
(2)

~'(~) t d ~ :

= 2 (-r)-4 ~" => 2 (-r)"1 tL .

106

66

'&e.

~L!;

2 "' 41

2 --

= 2

B-r
1
- - -4 - .;;
2

<=>
B-r
-2

(1) L

-2- - -2-

1
:::.:
4 ....

-+-

J~ 41

<=>
(2)

B-r
- "'1 11 tL 11.
2

=> 2 -

107
Els 6a Cy 6 L~ 8.:

~ + d + ~ ;. 3
'e.

L!;

(1)

(1)

1- +2 + 2 +2 -'3-"fi ~<=>
2 -(3-)+2 r-V3+1 ~
'ct' L~ ()'3-) -4( 2 -...;3+1) :; <=>
2

3+2 r-'3-4a +4'3-4"' <=>

3 2 -2~+1;;. <=>
<3r-1) 2 ;;. .

108
Els 6 uy Cy 6 L~ gn:
+ + tJ 3'3

(1)

67
".

~ s ~s L

++y ;. 3 V
5y i's

( 2)

(2) t.
3,--..,-----~

++r ;. 3V r

( 3)

1t s ~ ~y ."y
++r=

(3) :

(++) 3 ;. 27(++r) => (++r) ;. 27 =>

2

++r ;. 31/3

109
6 i g d 6 Cy l.:
dUvm~mB + dUm-1

= :!:4

mA
mB
m
- - -- ~ou 6
2
2

m l ~ ~ 4k + 1 4k + 3.

2
2

1)

m(A+B)
2

~(4k+l) -2-

2mr

m;

m=4k+l

m(A-B)
mr
- 2 2- - =
2
2

1[-r]

2{ ~-

m(A-B)
2

mr =
2

-22-

) m(~-B) -2[(4k+l)( ~- ; )}

m(A-B)
[ 1t
+
2
-2 -m-2-

2mr

m;

68
2t11

mr
- 2

m(A-B)
2

J=4

rn(A+B)
2

2mr

mB
2

mA

2) m=4k+3 .
2

31t
mr)
( - 2- - 2

mr
2

m(A-B)
2

m(A-B)

-2

mr
2

+2-

2mr

m(A+B)
2

[2
3w- m+]
-- =
2

_ 2 mr [ m(A-B) - m(A+B) }- 4 mr mB
2

110

. !~ 2 ( ~

~ )=[2

(:

)]

111
' ;).:

uv6 =

1
uv6 +
32

3
1'6

u4 +

15

32

uv2 +

5
16

mA

69
'c:.

1+6

)2

11 yL:
(

3+3 )
4

2 3+9 2 +63
16

1+2

+63
+9
2
2
=--~--------~---------------=
16

= 1+6+9+92+6(4+2) =
32

32

6+

3
16

u4+

15

32 2+ 16

112
'raC ~. : 20 + 240 + 4 1 0
'~c:.

e =20

= 70

(1 )

(1) yL

(2)

+22+44=

1t n
2-1

(2)

vL

+22+4

22

=+22+22-22=+2

2 -1

-----=

-2

=+-=

113

= 1,

'6 l~ Cy l111 ~ <1!<1~ c1U3A ~38+tJ3

120.

6 ( y( yCu
c:.

2u

6:' L yL:

(~+)

(~-) +1-2r 2 ~r

=1 =>

(1)

70
3

'~L c3!; !L

(~+)

~r

=270 =>

(~)=- ~r

~6 (1) yL:

-2 ~r

u 3 (~-) -u 3 (~) ]=

=>

-2 ~r 2 ~ ~ = =>

!l

1 3~ =k~

-2-=0 <=>

<< ~

<=>

3A=2k~

<=>

~
3

1< k<
i

-=

J 3A=2k~

<;:>

<3<3~

3A=2k~

l 0<2k~ <3~

= ~1
1
k=

<=> = .1!_
3

3r

2 =

<=> r=..!.!..
3

114
'6 l Cy lc1x11 dXt<1Lft
c1 c1 d+4<1c18<1p=

+4 2
ToU

2+

~ O'rL
u
"'""
''-
cnr ;'"f
( u,....cf
y(

pLyCIVOU ~VOL f:JJ 0

6e'=c;:.

-&: yL:

1
+ 4uuur :
1

---:----'----::r:- +
u

71
l++r

l++- --

=---~2--~2--~2~

l+~ r=

= 2

2 +32 2 2 2 2 2

2r

lr=

=2(++r-1)+~(1-)(1-)(1-r)

r-~(+r+r)+

+2( ++r )-1=0 <=>

c 'i\s: s: uiis:
.

(2-1)( 2-1)(2r-)=.

s:

~ y !~

=2k+ 3

2-1=0

j <<

<=>

1t

j j
<=>

=2k+

0<2k+ ~ <

=...!..
3

115
'6 lc Cy l111 d)(te1LC :

~+~
d.J

= ( .....,
)
.. ,

d.J

+
2

6 lrL~ ~ 6 Cy [L ~tc.
'6~.

-&t ~s: y~:

.+-

-- =

72

( - - +)
2

( --

=~

=k

-
-2- =

-2

(-)=

-2-

----=--::-+3

--

-
-2-

uu

-!:!=2k

-~<k<~
2

r -=2k
k =

=k+
= ~

{ =k+

}
~

-< -<

-< k <

} ~

A=k+Bl
j~A=B

116
yC pc1c1~ :

= 2 {e12( ~

" "'.
--..:

-+

;)
='

+ c1u2(

-1-)

c1u2(;

~)} -3

C ; c16~.

6 ; & c1c1; yy c1

pc1 Cy 6 b lc1 c1c1;:

2 {e12(; -

~)

+ C1U2(; -

.() ~:

5
:) +

c1u2( ~

~)}=3(1)

73
=2 2 (

1t
) -1+2 ( 4-2
) -1+2
4-2
2

( ;--2
1t
) -1=

= ( ~ -)+ ( ; - )+ ( ~ -)=()+()+()
(+)

=2

=>

(+)

=- -2-

(-)

+2 2

."

2-2

(2) pL:

(+)

(-)

(+)

=4-

+2

(+)

(+)

(1)

pL:

SA
2

4-

2=0

2SB

() L. L pC ABr. L ++=

(2)

rL pL L,

=2

rL:

." L

."

sr
2

..

= '

2sr

74

' :-

.,

, _

..

2SA

..

..

L:

~ :1 ~ =, < < 1t ~
lL L ~ :

~~ =k+ ~

< < 1t, k ~

~ { 5=2k+t, < SA < S, k}

~ { 5=2k+, < 2k+ < S ,k}

~~5=2k+,

-+<k<2,

~ { 5=2k+}

5=2k+ }

k=O

kzf

k=l

L L L~ L LL~:

117
'( gn 6 Cy lnroCou at yCaL
, , l01'. ~ ~~L:
42

2""

laL yL C ~~.
'.

(1)

!L:

(1-){(-r)-(+))=l

(1}

75
~ (1-u){u~-)+u}=1

~ u 2 -{1-u(-)}u+1-u(-) =

(2)

p (L:
2 -{1-u(-)}+1-u(-)=

y ~

(2) (L L p( u.

1! rL ~. .

{1-u(-)} -4{1-u(-)} ~

<=> {1-u(-)} {3+u(-)} ~

<=> 1-u(-r) ~

<=> 1 ~ u(-r)

<=> u(-):1 ( L rL /-/< ,

L

B-r=o => B=r.

rL =, . u=

1-u(-)

=> u=

(, L rL 0<<11, L =90.

118
'6

< a< r

2 ,

<' <' ~(+) ='6::c;:.

'

< < r

C ~
' ,
' '-"

UU~

(1)

(1)

ypL:2uuu(+)+ ~=

'lr~

<=> [u(+)+u(-)]u(+)+

41

<=> u2 (+)+u(- )u(+)+

41

gn

= = ;

(2)

(2) s C~s ." -& . .

pL 1pyL iL u 2 (-)-1 ~~ u 2 (-) ~1 ap

u 2 (-):1 L 1!L rL

-/2<-</2 L

u(-)=1

(3)

76
'u L rL = (2) L L p.' iL

w (3)

(+)=- u(-)

(4)

2
.' (4) u(-)=1

u(+)=-

=>

==

.'

119
' l; Cy l <'<'; ~<'u~= 81

(1) ,

''cmo v
..:-

"

'c;:.

(1)

'-.- u.
LVUll

L:

u 2u u= 4-<=> u[u(+)+u(-)]=

u[-u+u(-)]=

41

1
41

-<=> u 2 -(-)u+ 4=0 (2)

s:

L (2) (L
~ pL Q u
L p.' yL iL:
u

(-)-1 ~

=60

()..

-<=>

=>

u(-)=1

(-)~

,
L L '
PL

1 =>

u 2 (-)=1

( 3)

u()= u(-) : 1 =>

2
2

( = .

120
' ,,, lva at yv( u cm
C ld <'<';:

+'

-2-

~v

+--

+--

=1

(1)

' lrr~ 6 r lva yCv w/

77
''6:.
+

2-2-

L~
2

+ --

+
2-2- [ --
2
+

2-2,

L~

( 1)

+ --

- + - - - 180 =>
2
2

+ _

=4 =>

--]
=4 =>
2

-
+
-- +2 --

L.

- - =4
2

(2)

-- = -

(2) pL

+++=4

<=>

::==1

=>

====

90

121
'w: C>.:

+ C1U 3y(-)

C1U3a (-y)

+ e1v3 (y-}+

= <'.(++y)(-y)(y-)(-).

l.6c;.
L CL 3=4 3 -3
=3+3 :

=>

4 3 =

8 3 (-)=2(3+3]~(-)=
=2(-)3+32(-)

=((- 3)+(--3)]+3((-+)+(--)]
pL~

(1)

8 3 (-)=((3+-)+(--3)]+3.2 (-)

(2)

8 3 (-):((-+3)+(--3)]+3.2(-)

(3)

p~~

~ L~

(1), (2), (3)

83(-):(-+3)+(--3)+(-+3)+(--3)
+(-+)+(--3)

(4)

78
LL

(-y)=

L lL L
(-y+3)+(--3y)=22(-y)(++y)
(-y-3)+(3+y-)=22(-)(++y)
(y--3)+(-+3y)=22(y-)(++y)

(4)

yL:

8 3 (-y)=2(++y)(2(-y)+2(-)+2(y-)]

=2(++y)(2(-y)(2--y)-2 ( -) ( ( -y )]

=4 (++y ) ( -y) (( 2- -y )- ( -y )]
=8(++y)(-y)(-y)(-)

122
'6 l:
(2-2 y )dcp + (2y -2 )cp + (2-2)dy = 0

6 at ( , I 6

!
' UQd

1r0 '
d 1r.

c;:. lL:

(2y-2)-& y+

+(2-&-2y) -& y+(~2-2-&)y -&=0

2-& -& (-y)+2y y (-&-)+

+2 (y--&)=0

=>

(3-&--&)(-y)+(3y-y)(-&-)+(3-)(y--&)=-43-& (-y)+43y (-&-)+43 (y--&)=~

(3-&-3-&)(-y)+(3y-3y)(-&-)+(3-3)(y--&)= =>

3(-& (-y)+y (-&-)+ (y--&)](3-& ( -y )+3y( -&- )+3 (y--&)] =

79
L L

~ (-y)=

L L

3~ (-y)=

~1)

L:
(3~+y)-(3~+-y)+(3y-~+)-(3y+~-)+
+(3-y+~)-(3+y-~)=,

(2)

!L
(3~-+y)-(3+y-~)=2(~++y)2(-~)

(3y-~+)-(3~+-y)=2(y+~+)2(~-y)
(3-y+~)-(3y+~-)=2(+y+~)2(y-)

(2)

2 <~++y) [ 2( -~ )+2 <~-y) +2 (y- >]= =>

(~++y)(-~)(~-y)(y-):

L
L

(3)

(3)

L ~
.

123
'6 42a 2 2y + 4 + 43 + 4y-22a 2
-22a 2y-22 2y = lm( 8. lc. C u6.
d c!nr6 (~ dd.~ y = k 1r.
.

~ =

=~

=z

~:'

( 2 + 2 - 2 +2 )( 2 + 2 - 2 -2)=

(1)
L

80

- 2 u 2 =(+ u+ u)(+ u-u)

=[+(+)] [+(-)] =
++

=4--- u

--

- -2

+-

--- u

-+

- -2

."

[- u+ u] [- u- u]

[-(-)] [-(+)]=
-+

+-

- -2

--

(++)(+-)(-+)(--)=

- -2

." ~r

-.-2

++

=4 - -2

(1)

...

124
a lcx11 dc C1U(-)C1U(-y)~(y-) + 1 =.'
w: C> c!m 6 , (-), (-y), (y-)

C 6 C l rj (2+ 1) 1r owou .
f. ~ :
u(-)u(-)u(-)=-1

u."

( 1)

(1) ~
-1 ~." OL 1
." OL ~ -1,

81
(-)=-1- -=2k+

-=(2k+1).

125
~xU'l cc~ c:Ju(-y)+ ~(y-)+cJu(-)+l=,

lrC v v6L<1 lnr 6 -y, y-, -, l

.~ ~ k '11' O'II'OU k v

& LO~

'11' ~.

~.' '~ :
2

- 2

+-2

- {
2 --
2
4

+~-2 "'-'" 2- } =
v

; =.

+2 2

~ ~ ~ l~ .
.

; =2k

_;_

-=(4k1)

126
'

x+y
- -

+ -

y+z

x+z
2

.,
= lnro C

+ y+ z+ 3(+y+z) =.

'6.

l~:

y+z

~
2

---=-- +
x+y

2
i

x+y
- 2

x+z
2 +

x+z
2

y+z
- 2

y+z

+--

x+y
2

x+z
-2y+z + ~z-=0
- 2
2

-2-

y+z
-.
2

x+y
- 2

x+z
- - +
2

82

+
+2y [u +y+2z
2
+z [ u +2y+z

+--

-y

+u

J+

-Y+z
- [ u
2

- - -z
2

2+y+z +u y2-z
2

(+y+z)-z++y+(+y+z)-+y+z+(+y+z)-y++z=

=>

+y+z+3(+y+z)=

127
'E6v + + y
(1+2vy)

= 2

c!mC on:

+ y(1+2<1v) + (1+2<1v) =
y-

a-y

= 4 - -2- -2'c;.

!L:

+++(+)+(-)+(+)+(-)+(+)+(-)

:(-)+(-)+(-)=2

:2

=4

-
- [
2
-

-2

+-2
2

-2

-u

-
2

+-2

2
-
2

=2-

-2

--
2

128
'E6v + +

c!mC on:

1) (-)<1v3 =- (-) (-) (-)

2) v2(2 + 2)

= 2

--
2

83
'.

1) ! ~:

{-r)u 3 +{r-)u 3 +{-)u 3 r=

(- r)

u3+3u

(r ) u3+3u +{-)u3r+3ur
4
4

41

43 ( {-r )u+{ r-)u+{- )ur]

({-r)u3+(r-)u3+{-)u3r] +

= ({-r+3)+{-r-3)+{r-+3)+{r--3)+

+ {-+3r)+{--3r)] =

1
=

1
"4

[ 2{ r-A )+2{- )+2{ -)+2{-r )+2{ B-r )+2{r- )]

(2{-)+2{-r)+2( r-A)] :-{-){-r){ r-A)
{-r)u=

2) !~:

1+u2

u 2 {2+2r)=

{2+2r)=

1+~2 { 2 + 2 r)+ 1+~2 { 2 + 2 r)+

1+u2r

{2+2)=

2 + 2 + 2 r +

{2+2)+{2+2r)+{2r+2)

:2+2+2r- 2 r+;+ 2 = ; (2+2+2r)

1
=2

4 . r=2 ur.

84

129
'( :

i)

(+

60)

(-60)+ (+60)+(

-60)=-3

( i + ; )
ii)

cs( +60)cs( -60)+( +60)+cp(

(
',:.

(+60 )(-60)

(+60 )(-60)

600 +22
60

+ (+60 )(-60) =

3(1- 2 )- 2 60

2 - 2 60

2 - 2

3-3 2 --

w)

+ [(+60 )+(-60 )]

(+60 )(-60)

i) r.:

(+60)(-60)

2 -2

-60) =-3

9-12 2 _ -3(42-3)
4 2 -3 - (4 2 - 3)

=- 3

(+60 )(-60) +
(":t"60 )(-60)
(+60 )(-60)

+ [ ( +60 )+ ( -60 ) ] = ( + 60 ) ( -60 )

2 - 2 6if+2 2

+- (+60 )(-60) = (+60 )(-60)

3 2 - ~
4

---=-3-=
;.2-

-3 (
1

- 2 )_

--

. --3.
2

85

130
'1rC : 6 42 66 78 = 1
't;.

1tpiJo s pL:

(60 -72 )(36 -120

= (60 +72 )(36 +120)

(+- ~)( ~:1

=(; + VS~1)(ys-:1
( 3-1./5)( 3+1./5)
-)

= (VS+l)(V5

~)

_;)
4

=-4- =

131
'1rC .: 20 40 60 80 =
.

2 (220

3
16

'p:' L~~ ~~L:

40 260 80] = ~ . :: s pL:

2(20-60 )(20-14~ )=2 2 20-220140-

-220 60 +260 140 =1t40 -160 -120-80 -40 +200 +80 =1-120

=1+=2
2

132
'6 laL =
)
)

~S 'wLu al l<'~
1

~2a+c1u4a+C1U8a+du16a
2+4++16

=2

v'f5

=-2

86
'.

i) El L: 2+4+8+16=

=(2+8)+(~4+16)=253+2106=
=26036+212072=260[36-72~

=260 254 18

1 2 Ys+1
s-1
=2- - - = -4 = -1
2

ii) lL: 2+4+8+6~=(2+8)+

+(4+16)=25 3+210 6=25(3+6)

=260[(36 +72 ~=2 l/32 ( 14+Ys+ Vs-4 1

) :1[3

2s
4

YlS
2

133
'6 = _!_ &C on:
20
4+43+47+49+411 +413+417+419

13

'6.
lL =19,
3=17,
7=13, 9=11 pL.

w yL:
2(+3+7+9)=2(+3+3+)=

2 [1-2 2 2 +1-2 2 3 2 3] =4- 2 2- 2 6=

4- (Vs-1)2+(Vs+1)2
16

=4-~=4-~=~
16

54=

l/5+1
-4

134
'r( "' 4(d2+C16}(~6+~)=l+15e1~
'6.

w yL:

87
2

4(u2 u6+u2 u+u 6+u6 u)=

2 [1+u2+u4+u6+ +u14]. =
=

2+2 u2+2 u4+

+2

u12+2 u14

2+3-+5-3++13-11+15-13

+15

=l+15

135
'rC (): 2~+4v(+)+~v2(+)~2
'~.

1ti s; L.

2 2 +2u(+)[u(-)-u(+)]+2u 2 (+)-1=
2 2 +2u(+)u(-)-2u 2 (+)+2u 2 (+)-1=
2 2 +u2+u2-1=u2.

136
'6 la. u3 <481uv+~3+suv5+7u9
6 .~ ().:

,'~.

As-

2
7 = 35

!L:

3~.2~-~.6~

32

3.2~.2~-2~.6~

64

88
= 3(u~-u3~)-(u5~-u7~) =
64
=

3
64

u~-

6"4

u3.-

1
64

u5~+

64

u7~

' rL

= 64

140-12
35

As=-

128

54 ,

7=--

64

-64 35-35

137
'6 - I 2kw-i-

wC <5.:

~~;~)~f =(:1+c)(1(+)-(+)(+).
'6c;:.

L:

u~.u(~+)-~.(~+)+u.u(~+)-~.(~+)=

=u(2~+)+u(~+2)=2u

3~+3

~-

u--

L~~ Ln L:
2u

3(~+)

' u

3 (~+)

u
u

3(~-)

- -2

=
3

=2u

L:

3~+3

'

~-

2u(~-)-1

3 ( ~+ ) ..,.
2

(~-) =u ~; [4u 2 ~;

-3]

3
- (~-)
- - =4u 3 ~- -3u ~
2
2
2

<>

...

89

138
'rC gn :

(y-)
(-)

+ ~ + ~ + (y-)(-)(-y) =
----ra:yr

(-}

g a-,, a-y, -
c;:,

(-)(-y)(-)

k.

'r L-i'\ :

(-) [( - )(-) +(- )( -)]+

+( -) [(-)(-)+(-)(-)] =

y=1-

..

+y

)
x+y =

+y

y=

( +)

1 -y

-y

(2)

)
x-y =
.'

----1
(-y)

-y

1+y

(2)

=>

L:

(-)[1-{(-)+(-)}(-)-1+{(-)-(-)}(-~
(-)[-1+{(-)-(-)}(-)+1-{(-)+

+(-)}(-6)] =

(-)-(-)-(-)-(-)+(-)-(-6)+
+(-)-(-6) +(y-)+(-6)=0

139
'rC

gn :

(-y-) {(--) + (--)(--y)

(-) y- )
(-y)(-)

=-1
'c;:.

g -, -y,

+ (--y)(-y-)
(y-)(-y)

y-a

k.

' L-&~ :

4(--)(--)(-)+4(--)(--}(-)+
+4(-:)(--)(-)=-4(-)(-)(-).

90
w y~ y~

2(-y)[u(-y)-u(2-2--y)]=
=2(-y)-(2-2-2y) (2-2-2)

~w y~

C u-

y~=

:2(y-)-(2-2-2)+(2-2-2y)

y~ C y~

=2(-)-(2-2y-2)+(2-2y-2)

4(-y-)(--)(-y)=2(-y)+2(y-)+2(-)
=2(-)u(+-2y)-2(-)u(-)=

=2(-)[u(+-2y)-u(-~2(-)2(-y)(y-)=
=-4(-)(-y)(y-)

140
'v (+}(-)

- (+)(-) = ;

(~+ 2)

&rou -

f 2kw

-
-2-

(~-2)

&-C g 2

c;:. ;

2 -2 =

(1)

= t

(1)

~:

( -2+

+2~

2-2 = ; ( ; -2~) =>

u(2~+)-u(2~+)+2 2 =u(2~-)-u(-2~)+2 2

=>

91
[u(2~+)-u(2~-)]+[u(2~-)-u(2~+8)]+2(2- 2 8)=0

=>

-22~+22~8+2(+)(-8)=0

=>

-22~( -

)+2 ( + ) ( -) =

=>

2~=+8

141
'

dv(-)

6v Ld){J1 d)(< dv(+) =

(l)

,, -"
v cnro '1 -

: (a2+.2 -2dv2}(a2+2-2dv2 }=(2-2) 2

':;;

'j

(2)

(2) ~:

( 2 -8 2 ) +4 2 8 2 u 2 (+~)+422~ u 2 (+~)-

-4(2+82) ~u2 (+~)=

(2-2 )2 +u 2 (+~) [422+4-4-4 2 8 2 ] =(2- 2 ) 2

142
'-1

"

'E6v , , , yvCa cnr v6

6 <1<1~:

92

(<'2 + <'2 + <'2 + u2- 2<'.<'.u.<'-2) 2

l .~.
c;:.

r~: (+)=(+)

::::>

- = -

=>

- = -

::::>

( - ) 2 =(1-2)(1- 2 )+(1-2)(1- 2 )

-2i/( 1- 2 ) ( 1- 2 ) ( 1- 2 ) ( 1- 2 )

::::>

=(2-( 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 )+2 . )

~ r ~
, ~ l~ ~ l
~

(1- 2 )(1- 2 )(1- 2 )(1- 2 )=

2 =1

=> =1

180 .

143

'6 l; Cy lc,cov at <1Q.; = 3

6 .' g. 6 y l. y.
c;:.

_ 3
4
)3
- = > - - = - =>

=-

2222=

(3-4 3 )

8 2=3 (3-4 2 ) =>

8(2 2 -1)=3(4 2 -1) => 16 3 -43 2 -8+

(1)

93

1/3 1/3
- - . --

Ai. ."L '\!; L.J!; (1) L

'L !; L L

4B<l80=>

31/3

<45 >~

V3

L ." L =- => =30 =90

144
'6 lu t !cJ~:
~( + y +)+ ~ + ~y = 1

(1)

~(y ++ )+ ~y +~= 1

(2)

- F2kw

C y +

(2k+ 1),r lmC g:

~( ++ )+ ~+ ~
. ( 1 )-( 2) =>( ++)-
2

-++
(2

L ; '10 -

--=

( ++)=-

= 1

2----

( ; ++) : (1t+ ;

, ,

!;

L on:
+
2

++=2k+ -2- +

--

++=(2k+l)--

L
+=(2k+l) ."L
V~!; ( L .

+++=2k- =2k-(++)

." L

[2k---++]+ [2k---] +=l+(++)+=l

--

...

!;

94

145
'

, , t
uva
nua
v LdXU!1 c1)(~: -- + ~ =-1
uv

11'

11-

"

v3
v

.
=- u

fi

n.~
~

<=> (+)=-

u 3 +u 3

=1

lr-

(2)

2
(2)

(3)

L:

u( 1-n2 )+u(1-u2 )

. u

(1 ), 6 v'

u+u=

(1)

w fi

t't'

. u

u-u2+u-uu2

= (+)-u(u.u+ j
.u

(+)-uu(-)

2(+)-2u(-)

.u

~ ~

(3)

(4)

-2+2(+)u(-)

' ( 4)

L:

--'-'-:.:::2::.2"-+:...:..c.:::.::2:..::c..:.+.:.!.!:.2=-!:....:

146
(+-y)

'

v c1~: (-+y)
(-y)

-
+

(1)

(2). ' Jv v6 c!r~ 2+2+2y=

. '

-~

( )
1

(+-)-(-+)
L (+-)+(-+)

2(-)

- (-)
- (+)

2(-)u(-)(+)+(-)2=

95
2(-)(+)+2= C 2+2+2=

147
'6 +

r+;-

1 - y = 1 =>

2 + 2 + 2y = 4c Cf Cfvy
c;:

+-

- -2

! ~ :

+-

- -2

+-

- -2

+-

- -2

+-

- -2

+-

- -2

[( -

)-

+-
-= [ (
2

( -) (-+ ++-)++
2+2+ 2 -4

- )+

(+-+

-+-
2

=>

) = '

J
2(-) [(+)-(; -)] -2[(+)-2(; -)]
=2( + )( - )-2 [( - )+(+ )-

=2; (++-)[(-); (+-+)

(+-+ ~

)]

=>

2+2+2=4

148
' 6 + + y =

=1

1r

(1) ( +

r-a

rr

(2) 6 lnr~~ <S.: 1 + Cfva + Cf + Cfvy = .

'nc;:.

;, (1), (2) :

a+-y

---

96

( ~

~ ) ( ~

(:- ~)(~

~ ) ( ~

~ ) = ( ~

-t)- 2(:-

~ ) 2 (:

-+)

2( ~ -f)=2( ~- ~ ) 2 ( ~ -f) 2 (:- ~)(1-)(l-)(l-)=(l+)(l+)(l+)

+++

_
4- - - +8- - -- -- -0

1+2- -

-=
2

++=1+4

+++l=

149
u , , y ~ g:
3a 3(-y)

= 3..y.(-)(-y)(y-)

~. s; x+y+z=O
~ ~ l~:

x 3 +y 3 +z 3 =3xyz

.(-)+.(-)+.(-)=

~ ~~ Rs; s; ~~ .

150

97
c; s

=>

x+y+z=2

+y+z= 4

:L
2

2z

' = 1.
2 +-2+ ._
2 y= 1.r..
2 +-28+..!..
2
z=

23

+8-2+

!:
3

+y+z=-<+8+)+(+8+)-2(+8+)+=

+8+

+ 2 =2

s :

( 3: +- 2 + ; ) = 4 38+2~4+ 3+2~-48+ 3+28- 4+

(1)
' s !
38+2-4+

(1)

S-28-

+8++

:2

...

( 3 8 +-2)=4 s-~8 -
2

58 -~-

sr- 2 -8
-

151
'6 lc1x11 <'d- 4~{y-z)~(z-x)~(x-y)= 1, '
' 11 .:
cnr
1+ 12~2( y-z )C1U2(z- )~2(-y )=4~3{y- z )C1U3(z-x)C1U3(x-y)

xe- "

. ' ~ : y-z=

z-x=6

+8+=

(1)

-y=

(1)~ 2 + 2 8+ 2 -2.8.=1 ~
2 + 2 8+ 2 =

23

( 2)

(s; :
333=(4 2 -3)(4 2 -3)(42-3)

=4 { 64 2 . 2
=

. 2 -4 2 . 2 6+36 2 -27}

~ {4-27+36-}-4 2 . 2 }= ~ {31-4 2 . 2 }

={

2.2.2=(2 2 -1)(2 2 6-1)(22-1)

1
16

+2-}-1-4 2 . 2 } ={-f-4 2 . 2 }

43.3.3-122.2.2=1

152
'6 , , yC y 6 ~ 8

4 ~ + 2 C1u2!.ou2.i_ =8cfu2~ e1u2!.C1J2l.

2

';:

! L:

1+2+

+~ 2

=> 4 -

!L

2 =

3+4 +2

s; L L

9+4(++)+2+2+2

2 2
2

1+

1+r

+ + + !'

=~~~~~~~~~4~~~~~~~

( )
1

99

..

2 2

2 2=

41

[2(++)+6+

+4(++r)]

(1), (2)

~~

u ~ +2 u 2 ~ 2 ...!:.
2

(2)

1
= [9+8(++)+

+2+2+2+12+(++~

= ~ [9+8(++)-1-4+12+
+(+.+]
=1+(++)+(++)+
+ r=(l+)(l+)(1+)

=2 2 2 2 2 2 l. = 2 .!:.. 2 .!. 2 ...!:.

153
'6 lduq d<'. cJU(a-)+cJU(-y)+cJU(y-a)=- ~

(1)

' lnr.j ~. .6 6 6 l.:

cJU3 (a+)+cJU3 (+)+cJU3 (y+)=3du(+ )cJU(+)<' (y+)

(2)

'c(,:.
'[ '\~ (2) !
(+~)~(+~)~(y+~)#(+~) t ~~ :
(+~)+(+~)+(y+~)=

(3) 4 :

(3)

V~.

100
(++)~-(++)~

(4)

~ txul'J (4) ~ ~ ~~i:

u ~ C u ~ ~ r~ .
u ~~i: ~:

(++) 2 +(++) = .
2

r~

+ 2 + 2 +2( + + )
2

+2+26+2+2( + + )=

=3+2[(-)+(-)+(-)]=3+2(-;

)=3-3=0

154
'6 ~v t dd:

~2 = (+1)

= (+2)

(1) cmov (+ 1) -:/

( 1, 6 q ~:

~~~ = <1(+ 1)
22-(+)
(-)
( v

'c;:.
:

<1(~2)
-2'2

= (-t\1

(2) owov (, , , )R

; (1) C ~ C

=t(),

:t(+1),

C u ;

=t(+2)

(2).

2 2 -(+)=t 2 [2 2 (+1)- 2 ()-()(+2)]=

~t 2 [ 2 (+1)+(2+1)-()(+2)]

t2
=2
=

1-(2+2 )+(2 )-(2+2 )-2+(2+2 )]

2" [

2 2 ( )-2( +2 )( )] =t 2 ( )2(+1)

t2

=>

( )
2 2 -(+)

1
= 2t 2 (+1)

(3)

101
(-)=t 2 (p+1)[(p+2)-(p)]

=t (p+1)2 u(p+1) =>

2

u(p+1)

(-)

- ~,-.--_..__,1
- 2t (+l)
(4)

(+)-2~=t 2 [(p+2)(p)+ 2 (p+2)-2 2 (p+l)]

=t 2 ((p+2)(p)+(2p+3)- 2 (p+l)]

t2
= 2[u2-u(2p+2)+u(2p+2)-u(2+4)-1+
+u(2p+2 )]

t2

= 2[2u( p+2 )u( p )-2u2 ( p+2 )]

=t 2 u(+2) 2(p+1)
u(p+2)

=>

= ---c~~=---,1_ _

(+)-2

(5)

2t 2 (+1)

155
3

'6 l (y ~l'j <1e1

3

31,--_ _ _ __

V+ -S + V+ -S + +-S =

(1)

6 ~ 6 Cy l ldw. 6 &Cc
,

d)(;

.,31

,3r- ,3r

3
=> ( x+y+z) =27xyz

+ vy + vz=O

[-6(++)] =27(+-8)(+-8)(+
+-)

<=> -8(++) 3 :

:(+-8)(+-8)(n+-8)
' -8

++= .

=>

(-9)(-9)(-9)=- 3 ~
3

-9 2 (++)+81(++)
-729=-3

<=>

102
(++)(++)-9=
(+)+2(+)+
2

(+)-6=~

(-) +(-) +(-) 2 =0

2

=>

-=
::

<=>

-=

-=

tL.

~...

CL

OtL

(1)

lL C L L Ls lL
. LL L ~
L k ~ L k=> lL
~ L.

156
'E6v xvouv al ~c1~: c1Uv2(-y)(+y)=

= c1Uv2(y-)(y+)=cuv2y(-)(+) = t I

&wC-

"

1) c1Uv2a +

c1Uv2

+ c1Uv2y

2) 2(+y)+2(y+)+2(+) =
3) c1Uv2(+y-a) + c1Uv2(a+y-) + c1Uv2(a+-y) =
' ,
():(+)=

~ :

'2( -)
t

(+)= 2(-)
t
L L:

2(-)

( + ) = --'-t-:-'-'-'-'--'-

103
2(+)(-)

2(+)(-)

2(+)(-)=

2 2(-)

t
2

2(-)

=>

t
2

2(-)

2+2= 2 (+-)+ 2 (--)

2t
2(-+)+2(--)

=>

2+2=~~~--~~t~~~--~

2+26= 2 (-+)+ 2 (--)

2t

2(2+2+2)=
2(+-)+2(--)+2(-+)+2(--)+2(-+)

=----------------------~~--~+~~2~(~~-~~-~~)__________
2t

=>

2(2+2+2)=

2) At

2t
=

L () L L(:

-=
2 ( + )( + )= 2 [2-2]
t

2 ( + ) = u2 [u2-u2S]
t

2 (+)u(+)= 2[~-u2] -=

2 ( + ) = 2[u2-u2]
t

-=
2 (+ )(+ )= 2 [2-2]
t
2 (+)= 2[u2-2]
t

104
w

2(+)+2(+)+2(+)=

C t L ~ L:

2=t (+)

=>

(+)

(-)

(+)

2=t

(-)

(+)

+ (-)

(+)

(-)

, 2=t (-)

(+)

+ (-)

=>

(+)(-)(-)+()t)(-)(-)+
+(+)(-)(-)=

=>

( +) [ ( + -2) - (-)] + ( +) [ ( 2 -- )- (-)]

+(+)[(+-2) -(-)]= ~
2(+-)+2-26-2+2+2(+-)
-2-2+2(+-)+2-2-2=

=>

2(+-)+2(+-)+2(+-)=2+2+2
2(+-)+2(+-)+2(+-)

=>

157
'1r( :

1)

+ (+ ) + (+

2)

2 + 2( +

2
; ) +

2
; ) = 33

2( +

4
; )

1) w CL 3~=3
L L C
1L =~
CL

(1)
3t-t 3

=923
L
LL -

(1).

=~+

-3-

L L :

3~= 1- 3t2

=t

.,

105
t 3 -3t 3 3~-3t+3~=0

~. ( ~+

(2)

C~

(~+ 23)

; ) ,

(2)

'

,+ 2 + 3 =~+(~+ ~)+(~+ 23)=33~

2)

~(1+ 2 ~~1+ 2 (~+ 23)) +(1+2( ~+~))=

=9(1+ 2 3~)--- 2 ~+ 2 (~+-t) + 2 ( ~+ 23) =6+9 2 3~.

~ +~ +;=\ 1 + 2 + 3 ) -2 (, 2 +, 3 + 2 3 )=9 2 3~-2 ( -3 ):
2

=9 2 3~+6

158
w: ():

+ (+

2
;)

+ (+

4
;)

+ (+ ~) + (+

s;)

= 5 5
&c;..

w .". 5=5 (1)~ Sx=k+S~

x=k ~ + ~ L f'1 (1) ~~ ~

=

54

=,=

52

+,

53

+.

."~

(1) y~ C ~:

'~ ~ S= S- 1
+
C ~ =t
2
4
3

1-10 +S

~:

5t-10t3 +t 5
_ t2 +St =S ~
1 10

St-10t 3 +t 5 =5-105t 2 +55t 4

106
(2)

,=, 2 =(~ +)=( 65 +), 3 =( 25 +)

+) = ( 85 .+)

(5

4 =

'

, + 2 +~+~ + 5 =55.

L 5s

s Ls Lw L ~
L Ls ts Ls s
LL.

159
'6 =

C1U-C1U

d:td
~

2
,
~=---~~
1+2 2

c; ~t'

L (l+) 2

2~

2 =

(1-~

(l+

s Ls ,

~=

2 =-2

-(1+)
(l+)

2
~
1-2 2
2

1+2

2~

+2 2-(1-)

s Ls s L

, =

~=

2 (1-)(1+)
2 ( 1 + )2 - 2 ( 1-

~=

(l-)

( 1 + )

2(1-J-

1 - 2 ( 1+)2
)2

1-2

107

160
'w( t i: <1~
~(-3)

= ~(-3)

tf

t1

.:

~(-3y)

~3

~3

~v3y

(1)

(-y )(y-}(-) { ~(++y )-4~.~.~y } =

(-&-3)

'6;:

=t

(2)
(3)

~C L:
;t

{-&.3+-&.3=t 3 }
+ -&( 3-~ 3 )=t 3

-&(~3-3)+

4-&. 3 -3-&. ( 2+ 2 )

+3-&.( 2 + 2 )-4-&. 3 =t 3 LL L 3 ;t

L
-&. 3 +3-&. 2 -3-&.+(t--&)=

(4).

~~

~-&~ (3) lL =, =, x=r t pCL s

(4) lL 1 =, 2 =, 3 = ' -B;tk~ B;tk~

r-;tk~

(5)

, 2 + 2 3 + 3 , = . +. +. =-3=>

(+r)
.

=-3

+..=-3..

=>

=>

(+)+

108
..-..- {+)=4
:::;>-

.( + )-{ + )=4. .

=>

(++)=4.. LL

(2)

LL ( L L (5)
-=k => {-)= L LL (2).

161
'6 lu

at

<1d.~: d+d+dy = ~+y =

~(-++y)

= t I 6 &r4.ij ().
1) t = d(+y)+d(y+)+~(-+)
2)

(+)+(+y)+(y+) =
'c;:.

( 1

a++y)

( 2 )

' ~ L :

t(++)=++

(1)

t{++):++

(2)

L L C ~
L:

t 2 =3+2 [u(- )+{+)+(-)]

(1), {2)

(3)

t(+)-t{+))=++

{4)

t(+)+t {+)=++

(5)

L'L L
(+),

{+)

(4), (5)

109
tu(+)=u(-)+u(-)+1

( 6)

t(+):(-)+(-) ><( upcw

(7)

tu(+)=u(-)+u(-)+1

(8)

t(+):(-)+(-)

(9)

tu(+)=u(-)+u(-6)+1

( 10)

t(+):(-)+(-)

(11)

(7), (9), (11) c:

t [(+)+(+)+(+)] = => (+)+(+)+(+)

=

(6), (8), (10)

( 2

t [u(+)+u(+)+u(+)] =3+2[u(-)+u(-)+
+u(-)] (12)

; (3) C (12) c c:
t=u(+)+u(+)+u(+)

(,)

162
'r( C> ~v

'ec;:.

()

6(+)=3(+y)=2(+z)

32(-y)+S2(y-z)-22(z-)=

(1) -

(2)

Lp( ( Lc:

(+)=(+y)=(+z)=.

+=k, +y=, +z= u k,,

C vL i. (:
-y=(-),

." w:

y-z=(-),

z-=(-k)

110
(-y)=,

(z-)=

(y-z)=,

i.L

( 2).
)

L rL:

(+)

,(+y)

(+)(+y)(~+z)~. 6

=>

(1)
1

=>

(+)-(+y)

(+)+(+y) =-

(1)

=>

(+y)

(+z)

= 3

=>

5(y-z):-(2+y+z)
(

(+z)
(+)

=
3

=>

(3), (4), (5)

(2++y) =- -=>
3

(3)

3(-y)=-(2++y)

(-y)

=>

2(z-)=(2++z)

(4)
(5)

L:

3 2 (-y):-(2++y)(-y)

5 2 (y-z)=-(2+y+z)(y-z)
2 2 (z-):(2+z+)(z-)

C L
32 (-y)+52 (y-z)-2 2

(z-x)=- 1

2 [ u(2+2y)-u(2+2)

+u(2+2z)-u(2+2y)+u(2+2)-u(2+2z)]=
CuL

(+)

= (+y) = (+z)

2(-y)+ +
-

2(y-z)+ + 2(z-)=
-

111

163
'6 ~ <1< 2<1 = <1

<1 ~ I

(1 )

' &r-

-"
.
[1+2-2 <1(-)] [1+2-2.<1(-)] =4 (2)
'.

LL L L

1+ 2 ~-2~.(-~)

2 ~-1

1+2~-2~.(-~)

2 ~-1

(3)

LL 2 ~= 2 ~-1 ( L LL

L LUL

(3)

(2).

t L:

1-~. (-~)

= _,.:..;~.::.~.:..:::..:::..:..;(:...=:....--=~-7)_-.::.1-..,..

2~-~.(~-)

8
L

(4)

~ 2 ~-~.(-~)

(4)

+ - +

2 ~-~.(-~)
1-~.(-~)
~-(-~)

1-~.(-~)

~.(-~)- 2 ~
1-~.(-~)

(-~)-~
1-~(-~)

~-(-~)+1-~(-~)
1-~(-~)-~+(-~)
(-~)-~+1-~ (-~)
1-~(-~)-(-~)+~

112
2 2 __-_.(} 2 2 __-.(}_

1+i}) = -----=-2-=------=---2( 1-.(}

-.(}
-.(}
22

22

-2-

-.(}
-2
-.(}
-2

=
2

<=>

-2-

1+.(}
1-.(}

-.(}
-2 <=> .(}= +
-.(}
2

( +
)
- - -.(}
2
( 5)
-
- 2

(5) t (1)
~ .(} t

( 5).

(1)

2 2

=.(} [ ; - ;]
+i}

-2-

=>

-2-

i}

+
-2-

.(} - ; =.(} ;

=>

.(}.

=>

--2

( -+- -.(} )
2

164
'C :
i)

( -)(-)

..,

( -)(-)
<' .du

<'Uvx.<'\J

----:---:-'--+---:-

( -)(-)

( -)(-)

i)

( -)( -)

<'Uv2x

-....,.-.C..:....,.---,--,...

( -}( -)

[.(l)-.(-)]
(-)(-)(-)

_
-

= [(-- )- (+- )-(-- )+(-+ )] =

2(-)(-)(-)

113

=
ii)

.2.(-)

2( - )(- )(-)

---;-(---'-7)--7"(---...,.)

~ y~:

u[u.(-)-u (-)]
(-)(-)(-)

_
-

u ((+- )+ (-- )-(-+ )-(-- )]

2(-)(-)(-)

u.2(-)

u 2

= --~(--=---=7)....:.::..(,----~)

-2(-)(-)(-)

165
~n
., -rapcJacJ~

cJcJ ~ ~ AcJ(x -a)+BcJ(x -)

cJ c! v .

r~

(-)(-)
uu

~~

1
(-)(-)

."

'

-r-

< , cJu -

(-)(-)

u2
_
uu
(-)(-) - (-)(-) +

~ ." .

(-)(-)

(-)(-)

(-)(-)

1
) (- )

= (-)

(-)+ (-)

(-)

= u(-) + u(-)
(-)
(-)

u(-)(-)+u(-)(-)::

<=>

=>

114
~(2--)+(-)]+[(2--)+(-)] 2

(-)(-)+(+)(2--)2

(-)

--(---~)-~(~--~
8 )

=>

(-)(-) =21

=>

+=

~L L

(-)

(-) (-)+ (-) (-)

166
'6 x+y+z= 11' C ~= ~C1cpy, ~y =C1cpy da,
~z =d ~ cnrou ,,y u6 6 C ~ ~ ~y
~ ~ ~z-:/ ' lrL) (;.:

1} 2 + 2 + 2y ; 9
2} 2 2 2y ; 8du2a ~v2 ~v2y
'e.
y -

1)
=>

- 2

=>

y=1+2

f!

~Li ~L
(+y)

- y - 2

=>

x+y+z= =>

y= 2 .

=> - 1 +y= 2
Li

y+yz+z=1

2 + 2 + 2 =1

!L ( 2 +2+2)(
a 2 + 2 + 2 ;;:

2)

u L

9.

1
2

1
2

);g

115

- 2 2 2 ~ 2 2 2

=>

2 . 2 + 2 2 + 2 2 ~ 9 2 2 2 ::;.

1 - + - -1- + - 1-2
2

9 =>

+ +

,,

~9

'

~~.

167
' < < tr
~.

~
- -~=

(~-~)

~ rv~

----'-,~,.-

1+2

34~

--

~
3-4 2 -

<1cp

4 - d > 2

w !> ~

~.

"
v ''atro ""'"

2~

=
2

~.;;:

-43

=
~

1+2

4~

2~
~

2 <

4~
=

4~
1
~

1
+-

2
1

- + - -~ >2
~

168
'v ~ Cyvov d c<'~
3(2+28+2)

> + + v fJj
Cyvov lva yvv.
~.

w!> C ~~.

~ !>

+~+ ~

~
(,,)>
1
1
-+-+

C.

116

-------"--r--r--A

+ +

~.

=3

f 2 + 2 + 2

r > 3 &-

r .

~.

~ :

3 ( 2 + 2 r) > r+r+r
r
~

6 (+ r) >
(++r )=-

=>

r+

()

-=r-r-r-r

' l 6 r F; f!~ ()

>i

=>

& 6 r r~i

169
a( ~ .. ~ 6a Cyvov lxda. (f)(td.~:
9

Ch'aA + Ch' + Ch'a;a4 a

8e<~.

2r

--.-::..-.,--____::_

(1)

l~ () Cu~ :

+B+-r-<Jo

r
4- --

2- -

2 +

2 ..!.. ~
2

2 ;;.9

-=

117
+

--+

-- +--

>-

~~

--

(2)

--

--

-- --

--

- 2

= +

22"

,
, ~

(2) L:

+ + + ~ + ~ +

&L~ (,)

tdL

~ 6

( 3)

-+->-2

170
: t cc~:

owou

(, , y)R

=h

' lnrj

1
2 ) .z~ 2

=
=

1) L

(-)(-)(-)

-
...J....-=..

z=

_
-

1) c + + z =- z

+y+z=
(-)+y 2 -2+2- 2

(-)-(+)(-)+l(-)

(Elcay. '6c~

(-)+(-)+(-)

= (-){--+

1971)

118
yz= (-y)(j-)(-)

=>

+y+z=

=-yz

2) :L
x3-tx 2 +kx+t
1t6

C~s v Leovs , y, z

'y:k

=t,

: yz=-t

(2) d-

L:

3 2 2 y 2 z "1+( ) -2y+( y) 2

-2()(yz)

3t 2 :;; 1+t 2 -2k+k 2 -2t(-t) ~

3t 2 c; (l-k) 2 +3t 2 ~ (1-k) 2 ;

1tov txvL.

171
El~ l Cy 6 ii g

C1 + C1 + C1 ;a 2 1/3
'8c<<..

(1)

Ls (1) tuds dL:

;Jio

,r2 r3

++ ;.

21/3- r

Ld eLxd (,,) s 6 tvL ++ ;. 3~

(2)

(3)

1s tvL Ls

++ ;. 31 2 2 2 r
pt L1t6

(4)

d Le~ aL

31 2 2 2 r ;. 21/3 ~

(5)

119
27 2

r ~ 241/3

r ~

31/3
- 8

( 6)

L .L LL L:

3 (++
) -- 3 60 -(
3
- -l[3
2 -)3-- -31/3
8-

( ( 162 )

172
'E6v < < '
2 [

lnr( C>

1v J[C1vt + C1v ~ 2

t + ~2++

. ~

~.

( 1

+2 +1 + .. +) ~

L ~-

.~L L

lJ 1 2 3

( Ll L <~<

C1v ~]

~-1

fj

L~ 1 , 21 , 0

++

( Cauchy)

L . L~C

L =1,2 L ~(. ~ .-

. L:

2"2+

l/

..

2'

L
~

iJ
.

? ? ~ 1 2~ 2 2 ... 2 ---r'
v=1

v=1

=>

120

-&-&

-2. -2.
=1

:;?;

ij-

-&

-&

2 -2v ~ -2 2-

=>

s1

173
6 , , yC~ yC ,
aC

(x,y,z)ER xyz;/0

lc1 c:Je1~.

_::....:...:;_-=-~z.J.;;.;--:~
x-y~-zC1uB

=----=-z...J:......,...--..;..::.;_-=
y-zC1UA-x~

6 &w] .
__=

'r&:c;.

__1_

= _z_

' ~ k C

L~ ~ ~ C~~:
y-z=k-kyr-kz

<=>

z-=ky-kz-kr

k(

-(

+kr) ( f) =k-

( -kr) (

~ ) + k~~ ) =k+

' CL ~ () ~,
z

.:L a CL
z

..:L:

-z=

~ L ~L
~=_y__

()

~eC

121

174
6 ~yv 6 6 yvv

C1uv75uv80dv85

e1uv8S 0 C1uv8 7C1u v89

C1uv80dv84ovv88

"'-~.,...
,.....

"1/2

"

' L '

7
LL

u4 5 =~'

'
y,L:

u5 u10 u15~ u40 40 15 10 5.

( 2=2 u u yL:

28

=10203040u40u30u20u10

\f2

2 12 lf2 :20 40 60 80.

7

L LL 20 40 60 80 =

3
3
15
=y

31/2
2'7
L:

2 22

1/2

=u88 u84 u80 u8 u4

22

1f2

= ( yL

-& :

2 22 2

22

"'fi

=4 12 20 172
=4812

Q8

=u86u82 u2=

=>

22

.'

r= 2"

=>

yL ~L yL~ .'
~C~ ~ ~~:

'

L L~~ t~ C 27 '
yC~ L:

' ~ =80

a.C =36

5 0 5 85 :

1t

V36~ :

32
31/2
2{ : "2" :

2 7

(-)

S1t

""2"" 2 2

=--

-1

2""

' ~~ =80

a.C =90

ro 3 5 89 = ---.-=
22

44

--

C~ L tL~~ L

31t

2 2 2

' ~ =80

a.C =45

(-2)
2

2-2-

123
~

1. tu t L~:
2 ~- 2 ~
~

'L~~ L:
2 6- 2

2.

= 2 - 2 =(+)

tu t L~:

2 (~+)=2(~-~)+ 2 ,
.

,.k+

2 ,

-'#,

2u(~+)=2(-~) 1

(k,), ' L~~ L:

2 (+)=2(-)+ 1

3.

tu~ L~

(++~)

(+) 2 y

_
-

' L ~~

(y++~)

(y+) 2 6

6-yik C (+y)'#

(y++~)
(y+) 2 6

(+y+~)

(+y) 2

lL C (+)(+y)(y+)
~=

>0

L~~

on

(+y)(y+)(+)
(+)(+y)(y+)+ 2 (++y)

4. CL L:

t=l+

= ,

2 2+ 2 2+ 2 2

y= ,=

,, yCL Ly

'L~~ L: (+y+)=t
C ~ t ~
~ x+y+=k+t k, ~ [
LC

124

cS (x,y,,t)e(-y)

5. d A,B,r ~ ~ ABr, '~~~~ ~~

4 ~
+2 2 ~
2 -r:;;~
2
2
2

6. C~ ~ 2~=2-2., ~-1. '~~~

-1

~~: (2~-)= +l .

7. ' Cn ' l~~ (+)-(+)

(+)-(y+)

--

(+)

(+)

-~k, +~+y (k,)

-

'

+++

- 2-
( + )
( +)
2
~~~ :---=-----=--=
- ~"

8. '1tCt :
9. Ct ~

10. ' (x,y,z)ER

2

++2

3 (-)

3 (-) =(++)
3 2-2 2 (-3)

(2-4)+22

C ~

11.

A,B,r

= (-)

'~~~

x+y+z=1 ,

+y +z r ;. r
2

(+)

cS~

C~ ;

ABr.

' (,)e(,y) C C~ Cs;

[(-)+(+2) ] =4 (+), C ~2

~:

= [ <W~- 1 )2

-1

125
12.

Jt." L:

y 2 (-y):-(-y)(y-)(-)

13.

'1t."

(1+2~)(1+4~)(1+8~)

(1+2~)=2~ ~

,
,
, L L

2 2

2 =

14. '

2 ( + )

2 ...!._ =
2

15.

."L: ."L~ :

(-y)+(y-z)+

(z-)=- ~ ." :{+y+z==+y+z}

'JtL~~ L

<=>

16. '1t'
'
'

17.

'

18.

'

(-)(-y)

(-)(-y)

y."~ Ly

A,B,r

+ +

r=

23

+2+

x+y+z=21t

(-)( -)

ABr

21

2(

- =

L~~ L:
222r

." t t L~:
(-)(y-)

y= (+)(y+)

= (+)(+y)

' JtL ~~

; +-} +

(-y)(u-)

, z(+y)(+)

=1.

19. Jt."
2 ~ +2 z-x +2 ~ +2 ]!::. z-x .l5::L

=2

26

20. " ++y=;

'1tL~~ on

(- f) (- f) (- f)_
( +
21.

~) ( + ~ ) (+ f)-

rL ==

++y-

++y

6 'L~~

L:

(2++y)==(2++y)

22.

++r= RC L:

23.

L~~

A,B,r

yC~ ~yC.Ly, '1t

on:

(++r)(++r)

24.

= C =

~6

1tC L:

4(;) [(+20 )+] [(-2 )+] =3+3f

25.

'. , ~ -2~+ 2
L ~ : -2+2

~~ :

(-2~+ 2 )(-2+ 2 )=(-2)

26.
=

~+

- 2

(+)+(+~)+(~+)=

~+~k1t,k:EZ

~-

- 2

'11L~~

on:

~+

- 2

~-

- 2

++=.

27. t L L~:

(~+)

(~+2)

127

~ = (~+) = (~+ 2 )

L~~ L

=y2-2+4 2 -(+y)

y=2(y-),

28. ~L L:
=2 2y

29.

z:y2- 2 -4 2 +(+y)

{2(y-z)2(y+z)}

{2(y-z) 2 (y+z)}

n
2

2z

C~ C

(+y)+(y+)+(+)=(+y)+(y+)+(+) ~~

L , ,,y,.

30.

++y=2

n( L

[3(-)(-y)]=4 (-y)(y-)(-)

4
'

175
6 t''ij 'd~:

() 3+ ~= + ~3

. ! :
3-+-3=

2u

u3u

2u = ~ ~
3

3u3#

=k

6;t
u2=

u3u+~3=

1t

u3

u3u

~ =

6;t 1t

12=k1t+ ~

1t

1ts ~ () ! ~

1
(1)
(1).

129

176
6 v' d~

{ 2

2 "/.
( 1-~2) ( 1+~2

"/.

"/.

u+ 2 = 2 2 ~

+ ( 1+~2) ( 1-~2

= ~ 2 2

(1-2)(l+2) 2 +(1+2)(1-2) 2 =2 2 2

2"/.0

~ { 2 2-22 2+ 2 2=
2"/.0

j (2-2) 2 =0

12"/.0

2=2

2#

2=2k2

(k,)

177
6 ' CCd~ ():

+2+3= .

130

()

2 + 3

<=>

= 0 <=> 3

3+2)

23

=0

(1)

L~ ~ L~ (1) rL t L~ 1 : 3= <=> 3=k. C

AL
~L

2 :

3=-2~

6 2 =4
<=>

2~ f

<=>

<=>

4 3 -3 =-(2 2 -1) ~~
--

2~

=Vf

178
6 lwu' lCdd~
():

1+u

c;.

<=>

+ u2 = +2 + 3

ErcL

() <=>

+2 2 -( 2+22 )=

( 2u+1 )-2( 2+1 )=

(2+1)(-2 u)=

<=>

x=k~t+

=k+(-1)

1t

=-

<=>

<=>

u(2u+1)(1-2)=

2t

<=> =2k 3

1t

179
6

lw u'

l Cdd~

(1)

uv3a + 3 u= u

c;.

CL~ (1) L

Cp~.

131
(1- 2 )+ (1- 2 )= .~

- 2 + - 2 = ~
(+)- (-)= ~

2(+)-2

22 2 -

[ 1-2

-
-

=2 ~

+2(+)-(2+2)= ~

22 2 --+2(+)-2(+)(-)= ~

2 2

2 2

+(+) [1-(-)] = ~

2
-

+(+)2 2

[2(+)+2] =

(2)

At JLs s (2) C s (1) lL t

Ls

1 : ; =

; =k <=> =2k+

2 : (+)=- <=>

+=k+(-1)k

C
0 (- )

180
c;..

CLs () yL

(3+2)( 2 3-32+ 2 2)- 2 (3+2)= ~

(3+2)( 2 3-32+ 2 2- 2 )=

L LS ~ L~ () rL L LS

132
:

1 : 3+2=

~ 3=(-2)

3[3-2+]=

3 2(- ~) =

AL

3=k,

2=k,

~ 3x=k+(-l)k (-2) !(

3[22-2]= ~

L fi 2 lL

1!

=2k

181
1r.j d~
(2d+d2) + (2-2)d
:..
2

(L (1) L

+2 +

= 3

( 1)

C.

2-2 =3

2(+)-(2-)=3 ~
(+)-(2-)+(+)-3=
2

2-

+2

-2

- -2

~2 [ +24 - 32
-2
--2-

4+4

J =

2-4

--4-

=0

~
+4

~
(2)

' L 'SL fi (2) !( fi (1) lL L

.
-2

2 :

(+)=

=2k+2

=k-

133

182
6 l~ lCdd~:
r,.

i)
ii)

.7= 23

(1)

:' L f (1) rL

<=>

=k

I3= I <=> \3= I <=>

7=

7=

<=>

= ._

=~

(,).

rL 3~ ~ rL C ~. (1)
yL:

_ 3
- -

~= 2 ~

10

7-3

{ ~1~

~10~

7+3

2 ~=102
}

3-
3+

!{
~

~1~

1-u=u-u12

{ ~10~

~ u12-2u~1=0 ~ ~u 3 ~-3u~-2(2u 2 ~-1)+1=0

~10~

I
I

!
I

~ { ~u 3 ~-~u 2 ~-3u~+3=0 ~
~10~
~

V3

~ u~=1, ,u~=

~u 2 ~(u~-1)-3(u~-1)=0

3
u~=-

134

183
6 lw~ tCdc:J':
4(u3+d5)(u 6+ u7)
;. CL!;

(1)

=-1

L:

(1)

4(36+37+56+57)=-1 ~

2[9+3+10+4+11++12+2]=-1 ~

2[+2+3+4+9+10+11+12]=-1 ~

2 ~
]

- - -+

-2

25

-2

17

-2

25

=--

2 ~
9
17
+ - - --=

17

-2

4-

17

-2

2~0

17-

- ( 24-1 )=
2

C uL!;.

184
6 t~ tCdc:J':
(2

+ y2 )(u-u) 2 + 2 (-) 2 = y 2 (2+u+d) 2 0)

d ~ #

135
c;.. L'L

(1) L t

6 2 [ ( - )2 +( - ) 2] = 2 [( 2++ )2 -(- ) 2]

-=

2 [2-2-2]

:2[4+ 2 + 2 +4+4+2- 2 - 2 +2]

26 2 [1-(-)]=4 2 (1+++)

-=

4 2 2

2 2

-2

-=

- =4 2 (l+)( 1+)

=4 2 2

-=

-=

=2

2 -=

:+.1L

-2

(2). 1t (2)

JtL ~
(2)

(-

~) ~= ~

=~

-=

=2k1t+2~

185
6 w.u~ C~cJL~

(+ ~) (1+
c;..
(+)

1
~

)+ + cJx+2 =

(1) L:

(l+)

(+) 2

6 R

L,

136
;!

-= {

(+)(1+++)=

;!

} <=>

<->

=-1 -=

-=

+=

{ (+)(1+)(1+)=
<=> =-

<=>

=k- ~
4

186
6 ~ C
c;..

'

( 1)

v(r )

(1)

'\ ,:

'<=>

=2k+

=2k-

+=2k+

= -4k+1
2

(ouvx)

()= ( ~ -)-=

,~
v L ( - 4)

( - 4 )

<=>

: 4k+1
2lf2

-1

,;;;

42~~21
VL

,;;; 1

=>

(-....!:_) = 4k+1
4
2V2

<=>

(- ~

) =

k=O

~ ::: ( 69 12 ') ( -45 )= ( 69 12 ')

<=>

-45 =

= 360 k69 12 ,

-=2k- ~
4k-1

,
= - - . ~
2

k=O

<=>

)
4

'12 (- ~
=- l[2

) =

137

187
6 '~ Cdd~ :

c1uva

dv 2 -(-)c1- dv 2 =

c, v ' ~ Jt ,

t (L 2 ++= #
L

i)

JtLJtL

= ~ L ( =

' Jt
'

'

k 11+ 11

'

ii) #, LLw 2
(
2 -(-)- =. ( 6
L
= <--> =k11+
(
=- <=:> =kJt-.

188
6 "~ Cdd~
22-(\6 + .) (c1-)-(2 + 1/3) =

J:.. L: -=+

2: (+: )='2(+

:)

(2)

=-(2 2 (+:) -1)=1-2 2 (+:)

L~L

+)=

(;

( 2=-

(2), (3)

: ) - V2 ( ~+ V2" ) (+ : ) -2- 1/3=0

(+

: ) =- ;

(+

: ) =-

<=:> +

(;

+2)=

(3)

2-4 2 (+

(1 )

41t
1t

=2kJt

4=2k11

<=:>

21!

3
51!

(1)

138

189

u. : L (1) L:

3+3

3-3

3
= 4

33+33+33-33=3
3+3=1

(4)=1

4=2k+

1t
2 .

190
6 wu~ Cdd~ :
c:Juv3x<'Uv-+ y = ~v(3x-)~v(3x-y)
u.

:L (1) L:

23+v(-)-(+)=(6--)+(-)
23=(6--)+(+)

23=23(3--)

uL L

=>

(1)

3=k+

21t

)(L

I
I(3--1=(2 )

(1)

3=

( )

L t uL L-

=>

3--=2k.

191
6 wu~ tCdd~ :
4c1Uv ~v(+)~v(-) = <'Uv3
.

(1)

(1)

L:2(2+2)=4 3 -3

(1)

139
L( LLs

i)
ii)

' =

' #

(1) :L Vx
(1) L

2222=2(12)-3

<=>

21

2=-

<=> 2=2k - -

192
6 lw~ Cdd: (+)(-)
~. (Ls

= 3

(1)

(1) L
3- 2

()(-)= ~~~~
1-3 2

(2)

i) = :L Vx ( -;!..!!...

ii)

' ;!

(2) L

j (1- )(1-3 );! <=>

2

<=>

2 - 2

_, 3- 2
1- 2 2 - 1-3 2

(1- 4 ) 2 =3(1- 4 )

(1- 2 2 )(1-3 2 )#

(1- 2 ) 2 =3(1- 2 )

' 2 =1 :L

' 2 #1

=>

Vx !L 2 ;!1

2 =3 <=> =l/3 <=> =k

193
'w tj Cdd

~2+ d2(-)+~2(-)+C12(-y)
U.

L:

= 4c

dUC1Uy(l)

140
2(2-)+2(2--)(-)=2~(+)+(-~
~ [(2-)-(+)]+(-)[(2--)-]=

2++-

++-2

+(-)2 2+;- +;-2 = ~

++-2 [ 2 2++- +2 ( - ) 2--+

2
2
2

J=( 1 )

' ~ ~ (1) l~ ~ ~
:

2 :

2-(++) = <=>

( +

+-
-- )
2

+-

--

- -2

+-
-2

+-

---2

+-

- -2

--2-

--

+-

+-

-2--

--

<=>

+(-)

+( - )

--
--2

--
.--
= ---2-- -( - ) - - 2 -

=k+ ++

<=>

-- )
2

+( - ) ( +

- -2

+( - )

2-(++) =k

-+

---2

--

--2-

(2)

~ (2) l~:
=

<=>

= k +

+-

---2

+-

- -2

-+

141
C

+-

- -2

+-

6+-

+-

+-
-2

-+ ~

.,.

194
twu~ t(~C1L~
C1u2x-C1u2a = 2C1 3 (C1-C1U)-23(-)

(1)

c:.. C~ (1) ~:
2 2 -2 2 =4 3 (-)-4 3 (-) ~
2-2=(3+3)(-)-(3-3)(-)

2-2=3-3+3 2 -3-

-3 2 +3+3-3

2-2=

=(3+3)+3( 2 - 2 )-(3+3)-

-3(-)

-( 3- )-3(+)

<=>

3.2

3+

-2-

3+ [
-
- 2 - 3 -2-

2-2=2+32-

<=> 3 [2-(+ )] -[( 3- )-2]

-

3+

-2--2 -2-

3( -)

t ~ ~ ~

J__ 0
(1)

3(-)

3+ [
-2-,

3+

-2-

=0

<=>

3+ =<
2

; =< <=>

- ]-
-2--

r~ t ~ ~

:
,:

21<-

=---

=2<+

142

195
6 lra~ C>., at .( ' v ~v
tdv

2 ~v2(-}-2 <'v 2 (+}-2 2(+} = (}

= (2k + 1} ;

'

lva:

k+ r k ~ ~.
!)

! v L

2~ [uvuv+ -2 [uvuv~-rj~
-2 [ uv~+~uv] 2 =0
2~.uv~[uv cruv+ -2 uv[uv uv~- ~
-2 uv( uv~+~ uv] 2 =0 ~

2~.uv~.uv 2 uv 2 [1+ ] 2
-2 uv uv 2 uv 2 ~[1- ~] 2
-2 uv uv 2 uv 2 ~ [~+] 2 =
v 2uv 2 ~ uv 2 uv 2 # ~ uv
)(L vv

~(1+ ) 2 -(1- ~) 2 -(~+) 2 = =>

2 ~(1+ )-[~(l+ ) 2 ]+(l+ )= =>

(1+ )( 2 ~ -~(1+ )+]= =>

(1+ )(~-)(~ -1)=0 =>
~=

~== ( ~ -)
:

()

<=:>

=>

=>

~=k+

~=k+ ~ -=(2k+1) ~ -.
!v:

22~[uv 2 (-)-2(1+uv2(+~)]
-2 [1-uv2(+~ )] = ~

143
42~ 2 (-)-2{2+2)-2{++~)-2{--~)+
2{++~)-2{~+-)= ~
42~ 2 (-)-4{+)(-)-22{-)2~=0 ~

(-) [n:.2~(- )-{+ )-{- )2~

J =

(-) [{2~-+)-(+)] =

(1)

, :(-)=

~ 2:{2~-+):{+) 1~=k+
2~-+=2k++ 2~-+=2k+--

1t

~=k+

CL 2 a L :

L ~ () tL C ~= (-)=
L ~ (,). LL

(-): (1) tL
V~ a C L
~=k+/2 ~~=

196
'wcJ ~v ~~v
cuv(x-a)cuv(x-) cuv(x-y)=a ~ y +<1v <1v cuvy cuvx
c;. '

yL:

(-){(2--y)+(-y)}:{(-y)-(+y)}+
+ ((+y)+(-y)} ~

(-)(2--y)+

+(-)(-y)=(-y){ + }+
+v(+y){ - }

(-)v(2--y)+

+(-)(-y)=(-y)(-)+(+y)(+)

(-)(2--y):(+y)(+) (3---y)+
+(+--y):(+++y)+(+--y)

(3---y)=v.(+++y)

3---y=2k(+++y)k

l+

~ {~ u{ ~ ~
=k+(++)
.

~.

(l)-= u(-)

x=k

d u;t w u 3 :

u(-)

u(-)

rto !:

: (l+ 2 )+u u u(l+ 2 )

(u+ )(u+
-

)(

-u u u 2 =

-=

u+ )-

3 -u u

u-

2 u(++)-(++)=

-=

-= [u(++ )-(++ )] = -=
= =(++)

AL

-=

=k

=k+(++) u

~ ~ ! ~.{u

L ~ =+ ;

u u~ w

~ { u~ u;t w u =
~. u ( ( ~ u ! .
~ ~ (
L,
~ ~ .

197
6 uv
.

at

C1

u3 u-u 2 =

u=
u3=u

2)

1) 2 + dv3x C1uvx= 1

=2k

u(u3-u)=

3=2k

u uc+ =u(-)u(-)

145

2) u uc+ f43

= u(-)u(-)

c:,.

c=
=

(2--8)+(-8)]-

(2--8

)+

= (--8)

(+8)

1!
2

x=2k~t

(--8)=c

x-(+8)=2k~tC

51!
8

[(-8)-(+8)]

~+-=

( 3-21! )=2

3~+

151!
-8- =3 -

-3 3=2

4 2 =5

3~-

1t

=3-21t

--- 3+4 3 =2 -

=~ 1!L1!
198

6 al C , w l e1~ ~
~ .C1c:s~
C1cp(+a) = e1cp(+a)
c:..

' ~ -=t

8=8 -

(t-8) { (+8)t-(1-8)}=0

-&= 1- 8
+8

( 21!

-(+8))

-=k1t+ ~ -(+8)
2

146

199
'1r :
"
t.C1C1.
2

' . u

+ 3 =

C13

lm6 6. C1e1., (4+1)

,:rou

ue1.

+ C1U2
1r

10

(4 1)

1r

.,

,o:rou

u &..

-eru 2 v"'

+3-=

- 3 v"'

+2-

<=>

(3~-2-)+3-2~(3--2~)=0

(3--2-) {1+3- 2-}=

-3~) -2-=

1+3~ 2-=

<=>

2 ( 52~

5~+~+2=0

<=>

<=>

- : )

( ~

<=>

S-=~=-1.

- : )

200
6 u' tCC1C1.o
(+3)(-y)+(+3)(y-)+(~3y)(-) =

= 4(-y)(y-)(-)

!:

( 3+ 3)(-)+

+( 3+ 3)(-)+( 3+3)(-)

=4(-)(-)(-)

<=>

[3 (-)+3(-)+3 (-)]+

+[3 (-)+3(-)+3 (-)] =

=4(-)(-)(-)

147
!L ;:
(-)3+(-)3+(-)3=
=4(-)(-)(-)(++)
(-)3+(-)

3+(-)3=

=4(-)(-)(-)(++).

~ CL;

L; L.

(++)+ (++)=1
+++=2k+

<=>

(+++)=

2 <=>

201
' ~ ~.c1e1~

~ C
'

-a

-3

L:

~
TOv

'
v

3- 3-3
1-3 2

=(2+'3)3

(2).

(1)

f'j; (2) L

{ 2

=2+1/3

<=>

3
<=>

<=>

(1} 6 ~ -

1-3 2

~= <=> ~ = k <=> =3k

3-2

1-3 2

= (2 + V3}

2 3 =(2-3) 2

V3-1

~ ;

3-1

= 3'3+5

3- 3"'/3+5 -7-4'3

<=>

3 =(2-'3)=

(+- ...!.....)
12

148
<=> ~ =k + __!_

- 12

<=>

=3k

41t

>C

=1

202
6 ~'lfLij ~Cc1<'":
()

(ye1Ux+Vy2 C1U 2 x+2 -2y)C1Ux=x(yx+

1) '6

< < ;

C!ux

-y'y2C1U2x+2-2y

, ,y at 6 w( y( -

y,6 6 wL' lc ac:JL" 2 = +y.

2)

(, y) 6" wy( c?C.

c;.. CL!;

() L

W ~ L n L () lL L L!;
L:
,:

- - = - - + - - =>

149
2(+-)(+-)=(+-)[+-++-]
2 2 -2(-) 2 =(+-)(2)

(3) ,

=>

(--)(2-)=

=>

2u= , 2

~ u=

=>

=2

=>

=>

2 =1

=1

(3)

2) , ~

-u ~

-2=
2

-2= ~ Vx u-u~

' 2

2 -2#

~
u

>0
=u 2

u >

u >

2 u 2 + 2 #2

2 u 2 + 2 #2

u2 =

2 = 2 u 4 +( 2 -2)u 2

2 +J~ - )2
2

~1
< 2 +(- )2 ~

=k+

203
'' () tCc1<1~:
, ~, v
"
"
' ,
' 6 vov v
~:XU'l

x(C)Jvx+ ) =
~:

150

1-1/2
- -2

~ ~

l+ff
- -
2

.,

6 d~ =

~. - :

(1-) 2 + u-u 2 =

! u= ~ =1 r. !
u;!

(1-) 2 +-=

~

=>

1+4( 1-) ~

4 2 -4-1 :>;

..

43

1+4-4 2 ;:,

~
:

x=-2lfi

2 +4-3=0

1)

x=-2+lfi:::::-2+2 ,646=0 ,646;::,: ( 32 50')

2)

x=-2-tfi::::: -2-2 ,646=-4 ,646;::,: ( -77 50')

204
: Cc1c1

: (+l)2+(2-l)(+d)+3-=

6 u ~ C u ,.Jd Cdd 6 ~XIl C -

d (

, )

~. ' l 2=2 =2 2 (-

( +u=2 u(-

(+1)[2 2 (-:
f[(-

)-1

:)

() :

J+(2-V'2 (-: )+3-=

)]2(+1) 2 (-

: ) -1

)+2(2-1)(-

<=:>

)+2-2=
( 1)

151

l s ~<<

~<-~< 34

=>

/2

=>

""r >u(- ~)

>--

~ (s () ( Ls -

~ , )

Ls

(1)

~ ( ( (

(- ~, ""r ).

(1)

C~:

f(~)f(- ~)<=> (+24-3)<

=>

<-2,

>~
3

205
6 :

at

C ' R, i.c tCc:1C1~

() : (+ 1)<:'- = 2- 1
Jc;.

6 ":

'e1,
"
<<2
r

l:

()

<<

< <~

3 2 ~ +2 ~+-2=0
2

0<<2

<=>

f( ~) 3 2 ~ +2 ~ +-2=0

<

2<1

. ;1 ( < 1 < 1

152
f(O)f(1)<0
.l

.,.

r ~L

(-2)(6-2)<0

=>

-2
~

<

=>
.l

..

<<2

;
,

.,.

L ~L

L-

. L xfJ L, . <,< 2 <1L

u~u . L >,
f()>,
f(1)>0 ,

< , +2 < 1

L L Ci CL >
<<3,
f()>

<, >2,
f(l)>O

< ~<1

<, >;
L

=>

<-1._
6

<1

:-

L.

iii . C L (
u t L

1
3

CL -

(0,1).

206
6 v ( R

: (1-) +(1 +)c1Uvx = 2

Jc:..

~Xr:l <1, l

<<~

lL:

_!__
4
3

v6

i.Se1 Cc1d'"

<<-2-

]
<=>

<~
2 <~
4

(-1) 2 ~-2(1-)~+3+1=0
2
2

153

<=>

f( ~ ):(-1) 2 ~ -2(1-) ~ +3+1=0

-.i.<~<1
2

f(1)f(-1)

<

?>

(6-2)(2+2)<0

(-1-2+2+3+1)(-1+2-2+3+1) <<=>

<=>

(-;) (+1)<0

-1<<;

=>

~ ~ l~
1 + 2 < => ,<-1 < 2 < 1
~ l~ ~ ~.

ii. ~ 'Q ~, . -1<, < 2 <: 1

~ ~ t ~:
>,
f(1)>0, f(-1)>0
-1 < ,2+2 < 1.
' ~ , ?t~
~~, ~ ~.

iii.

~ ~~ ~ ~ ~-

207
6 1 , 2 l c~ ~ .cc~

(1+)+(1-)cv =+

(1) owou 1

6 at ( i.c

~.

2 ( < 2

1 -2 =

< 1 <w

1r

3
~

~~ (1) ~ 2 -

-(+1)- +=

(2). ~ ~ ~ fi (2) l~ ~. ,~ 2 ~

t ~~ 'i

(2)

l~ ,= ~~ ,. 2 = ~ 2

P,>PJ

154

L
~~-~2

uL

"'
"'.
~,-v
L '.,.
L2 =

~ 1 -~ 2
-

=-

~, -~ 2 =k+ ~
2
6
k=O

<--2~~ -~ 2

=>

<

< k+ ...!:_
6 < ~
2 =>

~~ -~2

1/3
-2-=-3

k=O
~~

1+

~~

~2

1{3

y~2

~='13
1+

L fi

> 1

(3)

(3)

-1

=>--=-=>
+1
3

3-3=fu+i3 =>

(3-\f:3)=3+\f:3 =>
<

1- 1/3
. . ~ ,r::
1 => - - = - => 3+3=3-3
+1
3

=>

- 3+1/3

-~

3-'13
3+V3

208
6 .j Cdc1: (rc1Uvx)=c1(vt )
~;,

L:

l/3 =k+

<=>

()

(J)=(; -)<=>

2
V3

+=k+

V32

;!
(k,)

21

w;t
(k,)

(1)
(2)

-u

155

(k + 21) 34 +1
2

1)

(3)

( 3)

k ~

k=-2,-1,

' 1.
(1) ~ L
.. k=1 (1) :

AL
(2)

~ +=VcJ
2

1/3

=2+

= 5

=>

Lr

,,;;
15 2 --83 -

1/3

+3=0

2=-3 =>2=+5

3.
2

1
2.

."

1/3
2 = 3

=>

r ().

(2)

'
f()= (),
f()= ()
, ." C
.

~C
( ."

'

100.

209
6 tw.~ tCd~:
:

c1Uvx+

+ <1+ + d=

+u+

1
-- + -- +-- +
u

+--=

+u+

1++u

().

u +u=v'2 u(- : ) ." =

=u 2 (-

:) -

~ ." ()

/2(-

)
v'2u (-- +
4

u (-

: ) +1
: )-

156

=- V2 (-:

(-

: )

2 2 (-

-1

)+

:)

i2

(-

: ) -1

;
-2(+1)(-

~ (-

: )

)++2=0

=>

~ C C~ ~u
~ C t ~ [-1,1].

1) 1 =1 f(l):O

=>

4-/2
2-1

!~

2) 1 =-1 f(-1)=0

7
~~

=> 2-'2<"+1)++2=0
2-

4- fi.=(l/2-1)

+2 2 -
- + _l_
2 > 1 ' n'.

-- 4+fi

=> 2+'2(+1)++2=0 =>

+2
(1 )
2 =- - 2- =- +

3) -1< 1 < 1 ~ f(1)f(-1)<0

( -1,1 )

=>

~+1

n.
4+'12

<- ~+

4-1/2
~-1

J<C J<~~ u 1 + 2 ~
~ CJ<, J< !~ ~J<
C ~.

4) -1<,< 2 <1 ~ ~ ~ ~:

157
> -

> 1+2V2,

f(1)>0 -

< 1-22

<3V2+2

f(-1)>0- >-(31/2-2)

-1< ~
<. 1 2

-(2'2+1)<<2'2-1

L ~1.5 , -( al/2-2) << 1-2'12

5)

1 = 2 =- : =. ' ( L

:1-2-2 i'j L1ti'j p( rL ( C L

=): ; -1

[-1,1].

210

aL

l.cs<'~ :
=~ y

=
=

+
+
+

y
y

6 ~ "' <'~ ! J. ( 6 ~ g

( <'L~ ~ (~. ('~ <' "'

y l.).
uc;..

. LL L:

2 +

(-)

(-)

J [ _.!2 + +
(+) J -
J [2 + +
(+) J _0

158

211
t1ruij Ccw~: +2 + '3 2 =
'c!mj g: 1) 20 + 80 + 140 = 3v'3.
2) 20 80 140 =-'3.
~c;..

L:
2;t1

+2=3(1- 2)

<=>

+2

=l/3

<=>

3=

1-2

3=k+ ..!:.

<=>

lf3.

=k ~ + ~

<=>

<=>

(L L

3=3 <=>

3-'

=l/3 <=>

1-3 2

1!

(1)

=k. 60 +20

( 2)

( :

1
3

2 ;t-

3- 3

<=>

=l/3(

1-3 2

1
3

(1) <=> (3) ( L (3) L 6(2).

, (L

L L k (2) ( LL
C LL .

OXL

LL L
k=0,1,2 ~
[ (L (3) L LL L~

1 =20, 2 =~80,

3 =140.

1 + 2 + 3 =3l/3

1 2 3 :-l/3.

212
'6
(+)
3

at

c:u(+)
3

c:~:
(y+)
3y

C -

y-a

I , -y fi
I .

159
' lrj C>.:

1) + + y = w.

u,.
w C~:
._

2) = e1 + <'+~y

(+~)
=t (1).
3

~ C~ (1) ~u =,
=, =
###.

y~:

(1)

~- ~=t 3 ~

(t+~) 3 -~ 2 +~ -~=

(2)

~ l~ (1) ~ (2) ~ ~ C~
l~ 1 =, 2 =, 3 = l~ :

(2)

.l~ ++=

++=k.

t+~

=~

t+~

213
'6 6 , 2 3

'
u<1~

<1+

2+<1U2+2
~-

"

' <1<1~.

owou ,

2/= 3-/ ,

_ 4(<1U-)(<1u2-2)
(1) lr- 4(<1U2-2)2-(-)2

160

i) 1 + 2 +3 = 9

ii) ,+2+3

,i32i33 =
'6c;..

."L

(1)

vr

'

kr+

L:

(u~+~)(3-44~+2~)=4~u~-~)(2u2~-22~+u4~)(2)

." t ~L

(2)

." :
7~+7u~-33~-5u3~-45~+4u5~=16u~-123~+4u3~+

+4u5~-45~

7~-9u~+93~-9u3~=0

7~-9u~+9(3~-43~)-9(4u 3 ~-3u~)=
34~-36 3 ~-36u 3 ~+18u~=

34~( 2 ~+u ~)-36 3 ~-36u 3 ~+18u~( 2 ~+u 2 ~)=0

2

3 ~-9u~ 2 ~-17~ u 2 ~+9u 3 ~=0

3~-9 2 ~-17~+9=0

( 3)

AL LL (1), (3) L t, t ."L

(3) L oL L~." ~t, ~ 2 , ~ 3 , uu

i)

~ + 2 +~=9=~t +~2+~3

iii) L

2 ~~

( 1+ 2
2 ~~

2 ~3

~~

2 ~2

)( 1+ 2

= 81

2 ~3
~2

)( 1+ 2 ~ 3

= 1+ 2 ~~ + 2 ~~ 2 ~ 2 + 2 ~~ 2 ~ 2 ~ 648 = 8
2
2
3

=>

161

214
'6 , , zR

(, , y)

( lc t C1)(e1.:

( 1 -) + ( 1 -} y+ ( 1 -y) 2 z=( 1 -) 2
2

(2-) 2 + (2-)2y+ (2-y }2z=(2-)2

(3-)2 + (3-)2y+ (3-y)2z=(3-)2

c;:.

w ;:CL:

(1)
' ~, ( ~u t~ LL~ L
.
~t ;t~2;t~3;t~t.

(1) L u6~ ~ 6 .'{~ ~d

~UQ d~ L , ( =(~+~2+~3)R.

215
'6 le1 t C1)(e1.:
e1 C1uy
e1 cuz
e1uz cux

+
+
+

=
z
z

=y
=y

'' 6 C1 ~ cc. x-y/2k'', y-zf. 2k''

z -/2k''

'lr~

c;:

y + + y =.

w ;:CL: uz u~+z ~=
( 1)

( 1) 6 ~- fj u~
L L x,y. ' L (1) Ld
dL:

t= !._
2

162
(+z)t 2 -(2z)t+-z=

'

~
2

x+y = t,+t 2 =
-21-t, t 2

x+z

-z

-2-

_ x+ z
1-22

y-z

y-z

+z

J x+y

-z

=-

+z

x+y

-2- -

:
1+

x+y
- 2

x+z

--

1+

zy
2

y-z
2

2 zy+ 2 zy

~ (z-y)
= __--::------

-2-

2 ~ ~

-2-

2,

y . l :

= :

-2-

(2).

t-o--

y-z

2 z y+ 2 z y=-2 2 --

2 z + 2 zy =-{1+(y-z)}
(+){y z+y z}+=

~ (+)+=

++:s=

216
'E6v <'uv3x=-

~ '/6 -C

at

~ C 6

6 <' lva:

1 ,,
10 , 6

_!_ 6
2

~
-

~ =4 ( ~

= ~
l/6y

-3 ~

6'

aC-

l/6y-

l/6y -

,,

1Q

3=4 3 -3

8y 3 -4y+1=0

163
(2y-1) (4y 2 +2y-1)=0 y:18.
=-

y=

y=-36

1{6
2

l./6

-1+ 5
~

y=

1!

l/6

1!

31!

lo

217
1> t <110 :
3

= 3 = 3y

(1)

) 'r( ( + + y)(d + + y) = 9
ii)

'6 l'l C 10: cr

-"

'l =

-v

~ = ~y 6

-32

xy+zx+z

i) w {C~ 3-8=k

(2).

( 3)

At ~~ (2) (3) !~ t ( ~
n (1) ( ~ (3) !~ ot ~-8( ,,
.

~~ ~ ~:

( + + )

( 8+8 + )

=3k -

-3
=9
-k

ii) =, y=8, z= C :
xy+yz+xz= 2 ( 8+8 +y )

-32
- -32 2 xy+xz+yz 2 -

-v

!~

-3 2
-3

=jj

. ',,2, 3 , ,. ~3~
~
n ~ (2+1)=k
,~2~ ~~,.
u

( :

:1

=(2+1)

164

218

'E6v a, , y lv at ~ C ~

, v , '
, e"
v yvc:J
~ :

"

1) c:Juva c:Juv c:Juvy .(++y)+ y c:Juv(++y) =

2) (+y)(y+)(+)

= 2

c;:. v lv
~

2 2y.

~=k

~ :

3- - 3 -

3 ---___::._
3-=k 11
--::.1-3

11ws; 3

3~

-3k 2 3-3

3~

+k=O( 1)

~ ..

1)

(++)+= (++)- +
1-(++

t, !v
,=++=3k.
3 =

2)

2 =

6+

=-3.

=-k

:
(+)(+)(+) =

(3k-)(3k-)(3k-)

= 27k 3+3k 2 -9k 2 ,-3 =

-Bk
-- ---e
-k -

165

219
' ,,y w ~ cc~:
2- = 2- = 2y- y C 'I 'I y

xe- .,

~+

'I

+y= (2 k+ 1> 2
w wkc.~.
"
t

J. :w C~
2-=t

3+t 2 +-t=
C~ ~ ~~~ ,,
C ~ r~
++-

_ -t-t

(++)= 1-(++) ---=++=k+

=(2k+1)

220
' < < C
:
+ 7 = ( y -1 } 2

3 = 9(+ 1}

C y3= 9(y + 1} c!mC

'c;:.
w C~ t 3 =9(t+1) <=> t 3 -9t-9=0
C ~ ~ C~ x,y.

' ~

,c

2 3

~( 12 2 ~-9

~=10

t=21fi ~
)=9 =>

~=-50

70 =-( 60

=> t 2 =12 2 ~ =>

3~=

l/3

=30

~=-70

+50 )=

1[3

50-

=>

50

=>

7+=7-2'13 50 =7+4 V3 (70- ; 40) =

=7+4V3 70 -640 =1+4370t-12 2 20 =(1+2Viu70 ) 2
=( 1-y/ .

166

221
'6 e1 a C1C1; :
2 cru(~}

2 C1( +)= y 2y C1u(y +)=

= 2 C1( +) I I y I
~ : + + + + = k1f 01fOU k z .
~c; ' - 2 uv(+i1)=t

2 u(+-)=t

1 - 2

1- 2

2
1-

(u ui1- -

( - -1
2
[

(1)

ui1

2-i1 2 )

1+ 2

i1

)=t

..;::>

=t

1+ 2

J-t
-

( 2)
fj (2) : ,=,
,

= 2_-
t

2u-

---t-- ,

=-1.

2=, 3=,.=

2- -

( + ++ ) =
~

-
1-

1-

2u-

=--

-1

+S++=k-i1.

222
'6 6 6 , 2 3 4 la C1; ; C1C1;

(-)+(-) = C1(+) (1) 1 I 2 =I 3 I 4

I , . ' &~ , + 2 +3 + 4 = 2 k VkZ .

167
&~. ~t (~ y:

(~-): (+) _ (~-)

(+)
(~-)

(~-):

(+)(~-)-(+)(~-)

(+)(~-)
(+~)

---7-----,--:--:--~..,..._,_"'--'-7-'---:-

(~-)

(+)(~-)

2(+){~+~}=2~+2

' '
=

~
~

( 2 )
,,

~ ~=

2
l+x
2

(2)

~ ~=

1-2
l+x2

y~.

[ 2+1+2 ( + )] - [4 ( +)] 3 + [22-6] 2 (4 (+)] +[26+1-2 (+)]=

(~

~2

i'is; ~ !~
~3

~.

. ~~ :

~~

( ~2, + ~22+ 2~3+ ~2.) = s, -s3

1-S2 +S

~~+~2+~3+~. =k

223
'E6v ,, y lv ( cxv.oo ( 2
( tuv 'jv tCC1<1v d + b<1 + c = (l). '
( C> (+y) + (y+) + (+) =.

168
.

(1) L:
d+b+c

( 2)

d+b+c

( 3)

d+b+c

(4)

( L ( 2)' ( 3) '

( 5)'

[ ; -

+c

+
--=

( 5)

+c

+ =

( 6)

( 6)

( 4) (

-2-

36

2+ J

-2- =

-
-
3+
- - [ ---
2
2
2

3+2-

3+

-2

+ _l_:-_r_ =
2

3+

- 2

3+2-

+S+2

3+

- - - =
2

2 (+) S; + 2 2+~S+4 (-)=

(+)+2

- =

(+S)+(+)+(+)=

-
2

--

- +

169

224
'6 , , y [ pCa 6 ~d C
2w w tw 6 dd :
d duy + (+y) +=
Ac1uy du~ + (y+) +

d d + (+) + =
01f0U

(, ' ) R

'1!~

'

1) = ,

2) d + d + (1Uy =d(++y)
2

3) (++y)-(+3+y) =
'.

w (

(1)

+(+)+=

( :

(--) 2 -2 2-(++):

(2)

(1) u , (

=,

=.

. p( fj

-2-

(2)

p1

= ~

1-

2 = ~

2
--y+++

= --:----

(3)

w ~ CL
+(+)+=

(4)

=>

-2--

( 5)

170
+

J_

- _

l~ s;

=>

- . - = (-)
- - = ---'-...:..-'.-'----~.:....e.:=--2

2 + 2
1 + 2

[ +
+
-2-- -2 - - - - - - 2 2
2
+
+
l+ -2- -2-

=>

-2-

-------=

-2 __+_ __-_

=>

=-~-~~-~~
2

2 +

[ +( + )] =- 2 => -=- 2 => = 2

2) (3), (5)

--

- ( +)

-+- =>
2

=>

(+)

=>

L:
+

+ )

\+--

+
-=

--2

J=

=> 2 (+ + \_ + - =
2

2(+ ;) ; =-(+)

;...(++)=-(+)

=>

(++)=

=++.

3) s; (3) L L
lL ~s; ."

-2- =

-2-

171
+

(++)--(+)=2 --u

++2

- 2

=2 ___ u + u ++ 2 -2 ___ u + u -
u
2
2
u
2
2

=
=

[u(++)+u-u-u]
2

[2u] -

...

225
'6 lc1~

l~~ cua+cu+duy=-dua d duy (1)

' c! ~ C1 2+C1 2+C1 2y= 1 2C1 C1 C1y.

w ,; ~,; u, u, u
l ~ ,; ,; x 3 -kx 2 +x+k=O
(2) l
u+u+u=k=-~ u u,

+u u=.

' >; ~L>;

( 2 +)+k(1- 2 )=0

(1-

(4)

u u+u u+

~ ,;

~) ( 1- ~ + =k

( ,;

2 ( 2 +

=>

(3)

(2)

) 2 =k 2 (1-x 2 ) 2

(4)

<=>

(y-1)(y-1+y) 2 =k

(+1) 2 y 3 - [(+1) 2 +2(+1)]y 2 +(2-k 2 +3)y-1=0

' L ( ,; ,;
2 , 2

(5)

2 +ci 2 + 2 =1+ ~ 1

OL

y =>
(5)

~( 2

(6)

172

(6)

(8)

= f'

(8)

2 + 2 + 2 =12

226
"

'6 lc1x611 ~d~ 3-=3-=3y-y= t

wou ;!';!' y;!' 6 ij g:

1) a++y=(2k + 1) ;
~

gwou

keZ ( C> 2)

=2 y

w CL 3-=t

3-

( 1)

-=t

1-3 2

L (L ~

t
2

2 3 +3t

2 +2-t=

++=(2k+1)

(~ rL

t=2 .

227
'6 , 2, 3 , 4 l d~ ~ e1c1~
(+l)=2+b
~.

(2)

(2) rL OL L~C , , C L

( )=1 ~

6 &rij g +e2+e3+e4, =(2k + 1)1r.

rL

~
1- 2 -

2-2
~=
1+

~=2~ u~+b

~=

~
l+ 2 -

'

~
2

=t

173
:

1-t2

2t

"""'i+t2 +""""l'+t2

=2

2t(1-t 2 )
( 1 +t2 )2 +b -

(b+)t 4 -2(2+u)t 3 +2bt 2 +2(2-u)t+b-=. ~~,

~2.~ 3 .~4 !L uLs. =>

2(2+u)

,=

b+

-, +~2 +~3 +~4

_ ..,....=-:2b=----:--

2-

'
=

~1 +-2 +~~ +~4

1 -

1- 2 + 4

=k+...!..
2

3=

b+

2(u-2)

b+

4+2u-2u+4

b+-2b+b-

~~+~2+~3+-4=(2k+1)

228
'6 1 , 2 l \J C 6 , -2I2m
wo\J lw\J ~ lCd<1 a d(+)+ b(-) = c (1) &
( gn:

~. ~:' CLs

(1)

(au-b)u-+(bu-d)-=c
-=

- + 2 ,
1

-=

1-2

- + 2
1

2~

L:

(2)

' -

(2)

(c+du-b) 2 -2(bu-d)+c-du+b=

' CLs
!L :

(3)

(3)

L s C:;;s L- ~~ , ~ 2

17~

~,+~ 2

--2-

.!!_+ ~

2(b-d)

c+d-b
_ c-du+b
----=-=----=~=---:,-.~-.-:~-&
~
1 -

-2- 2

c+du-b

_ bu-d
- d u-b

(a 2 -b 2 )u2

'

Ls;

d 2 +b 2 -2bd2

=1+
2 -&,--&2
2
=1+ 2 -&,--&2
2

= C2 {d2 +b 2 -2db2}

229
':r ( .
"

t , .
OL wC

71r

2w

4w

-y

lv (' l.dC:f 3+17 2 -7 +17 =

~t;:.

=--

L'

i CL 7=

'

Ls;

k =0,1,2, ,6

(1) =>
'

7=k

C-

LLs; s;.

(1)

s; yL (~+3)= ~+3=

~-~3
1-6 2 + 4

3 - 3 =
1-3 2

= :

7 -21 5 +35 3 -7=

(2). At LLs; s; (1) L
L s;. s; Ls; ~s; f;Ls;
8 -21 4 +35 2 -7=0
(3) rL ot L-&C:

(2)

175

7 ;

(3)

-7- '

-7-'

s pL

'

-7-'

-7-

."

OL

pL~(

p Lp6p s

(2-7)=-(2+1)~
pL~(

(4)

7'

-7-

-=3<7
3

!L p(s

3 +7 2 -7x+lfi=o

--=-

=-7'

!L ~L." -

-7

fis

( 5). OL

!L p."s

s (4) ( L L6 pLw s (5) !L p

L - L L p( p." r;s (5) !L pL~6s

230
6 tdq yf\ d.~ ;r 6 ~)(11 C~
1r

~ .~: 2 7

2w

7 ,

3r

pw ."L 7~=0

k=l 2

3 ~

~ ~=

~=

(1)

7.

( 1) <=> 7~=k <=>

<>:+~ -+~
v - 7
7

pL:

~= ~
7

176

231

"

'

e
2 ' 2 '
4 2~ 7a
( 2~

OL

l C ~ t.de1~
~c;:.

w ."L 4-&=3-&

4-&=2k3-&

41!

-&- 2
- 7 '

3 +4 -4-1=0

61!

(1)

<=>

-& -& =

(1)

!; ."L i;!;

-7-

3+ 2 -2 -1 =.

L:

~L

OL

L-&L

2
7
,

, -7- = -7-. LL rL ."-

3 + 2 -2-1=0

232
'6 l:

~(+)2=~ (+)2 =

=y (y+)2y=~(+)2 (;v -l k a-y

-y I k 6 ' () ++y++ =k.
~.

k,

,,, rL ."L ii!; :u!;.

(+-&)2=p

2 (-&--& )=p(1-)
p-2-& +2-& -p=
3

=
'

2-&

__.
~."

.=-L=1

'

= -----=-----"---=--=--&
_ 2-& _
1
1

+++

=k+(-6)

+6+++-&=(k+1)=k

177

233
'6 , , y

- wy!~ ( 6~ !~
~

w &t01r ~ C1)(te1

(-} + (-) + (-} =

,,
V O'lrO

xe- .,
~

(1) ! (-), (-y)/y-);t'kw

OTL

(++y) = (++ )

c:.,

(1) L:

(~ +~ y+ y) 3 -[3 ~ y

-2(+~+y)]2+ [3-2(~ +~ y+ y)}t-

-( ~++ y)=O
~ C L s ~s s L~s, ~ , .
L:

( + + )=

1-

3~ y-2(~++y)-(~++y)

~ -(3-2~ )

= ~++y-~ y

1-(~+~y+y)

=(~++y) _

++=k+(~+y)

234
'wC 6 w f (C1U ) 2C1U5x + 1 ~
6 6 w(C1Ux)2C1Ux+ 1. ( ~j 6
wC fi~ !e1~ ' wj 1>
212

224

248

296

=96

'6nc;.. !L 25+1=(2)s -5(2) 3

+5(2)+1.

178

f()

( )

=16 4 -8 3 -16 2 +8+1.

-8 ."L:
5=-

1
2 -

5=2k

2k

=--

25+1=0

+~
- 15 '

(1) __.

kEZ.

LL ." rL
."L fj (1) lL =24, 48, 96, 120, 168 ."
L 120 lL L (), L L OL
L
-8." 24, 48, 96, 168 lL ."L i;
16; 4 -8 3 -16 2 +8+1=0, ." :
L 4 +83-16 2 -8+16=0 L ."

L-8 24, 48, 96, 168=- 12

:+~ +~+~:(, +2+3 +4 )2 -2(, 2 +, 3+, 4 +2 3 +2 4+

+]4

)=64-2(-16)=64+32=96

235
,

(j ~v ~C1v:

2=

C1e1v, 10 50 70 =

l+~
_

13

C &,;.C

S'

'~. ii L
L -8 ." :
2-8
1+-:---'-'-----,~

1-2 -8
2-8= ---='---'-'.~2-::--8-=---

(1)

3- 1-2 -8
1
2{3-8-4 3 -8}=1- 3-8= : L i'j L lL
6 3-8=360k+30 3-8=(2k+1)180-30, kEZ ~L [
L L ."

-8=120 k+10

-8=120 k+50 ,kEZ.

-8 LL ." ."
L ." L L k=0,1,2 , -8=10 ,130,
250 -8=50 ,170 ,290 ." L 6

179
pL~U 10, 5Q 0 , -7Q 0 p( n
L (1). L Lw lL:

10 50 ( -70 ):- _.!_ ( 10 50 70: _.!_

236
~ C1

r,:

C1U{x+2 y )C1(- y)+C1uy =

+ y=

~.
(

~ lC D

2x+y )+u3y+2uy= <=>

-3uy+2uy=O

<=>

[ud d

u2uy-2y+4u 3

y-

u2uy-2y+4u 3 y-y=

( 1)

' uy# (1) d

u2-2y+4u 2

-1=0
=

<=>

<=>

y-1=0

<=>

1- 2

1+ 2

2y

1+ 2

-~~
1+~ 2 y

( 1- 2 -2 y )( 1+ 2 y )+4 ( 1+ 2 )-( 1+ 2 ) (l+ 2y)

2 -y- 2 y( +y

)+2=0 <=>

2 -y-

181
L rL y=2-

(2)

2 2 y+2=0

(2)

L:
3 -5 2 +5-1=0 ~ (-1)( 2 ++1)-5(-1)=0

(-1)( 2 -'++1)=0

~ =1, =2+3,

1 L

=2-3.

=1

=k+

=2+'3

=k+
~

y=1

S
12

y=+

y=-3

y=--

=2-l/3

=k+ ....::__

y=V3

y=+

12

237
6 w.v~ <1\Jc:fa
(+y)
2(-

= (-y)

y) =

c;.. ."L L:
2 (-y)
(-y)

= (-y)

(1). ' ii L

." ( L

=(k+);,
L L 1

(+y)=

(k+),

(1)

)=1

x-y=kl
+y=

(k-)=2 .

rL 2y=(-y)10

(+y)+(-y)=(-y)

(+y

y=(-k);. . C x,y l

L ii
~

(-y)=

(-y)=

(+y)=

=>

182
-
(-ty

)=1

x+y=2k+

(+y)=-1

21t

-y=+ ~
4

(-y)=-1

x+y=2k-;

-y=--

L L (L.

238
6 twl' 6 dUC1a

,:

cJx-cJy =

2 y

21

=1

(y-) =2
y

(y-)=1

u(y-)-u(+y)=1

2y=1

(y-)=1

II

y-x=2k+

21

(+y)=-1 ~ +y=2+

y"(k). :
=(-k)+4

1t

a3

239
!w.~ 6 <1<1:

<' + euy = ;

,:

2y=

..;::;.

(-y)-(+y)=

2 2~ --2 2 ~+=
2

? ?
..;::;.
xaC

1 2

x;y

x-y

-2-

- 2
=

x;y

x+v

~l ~ =

Ls yL ~s

= 34
2 -2 = ..!_
2

2:

as L y

xaC

x+y

- - =
2
2
x-y = V3
2
2

=-

- 2- ,

..;::;.

=-

2 .

x+y =2k11:
3
2
- 2C
+..!_
~
2 =211: - 6

= V32 ,= J:..
2

xaC

184

x+y
2

x+y -2k 1t ~
-2-3

=- _!_
2

3:

<=>

1/3
=--

x-y
2

=2

~
6

~ ~ (~
~ &~~ C ~
x,y.

~ C~.

240
6 l''~ 6 .

+~ =2(+ )

,:

~ - =2( +)

r~

, <=>

+3y=2(+y)

V'3"+l

<=>

""-=>

V3-y=+3y

+3y=2(+y)
= 3-l y

<=>

+3y=2y-2y
=(2+'13)y

(2+3)y+3y=2(2+3)yy-2y

=(2+3)y

~ ~ ~ y= =(2+~)y
-(~+l)

t ,

r ~ ~

y=

185

j
<:::>

y=kx

= + ~

=(2+~)y~!+1)1--

C 3 :

_..

=(2+~)y

=(2+3)y-('3+1)

=(2+3)y~3+1)1

=(2+3)y

1=(2+3) 2 +(3+1) 2 -2(3+1)(2+3)y

<:::>

~~:~~
y=1

<:::>

=(2+3)y

y=1

x=2kx+ ;
y::2kx

241
6 !wu 6 dctra
:

c;..

<:::>

Er

5 -2y= 1
~vx-2C1Uvv=

J
4

5=1+2y

L:

<:::>

5=4+2y

5=1+2y

5=4+2y

5=1+2y

<:::>

25=1+4 2 y+4y+16+4 2 y+16y

I
5=4+2y

y+4y=1

." ."L yL:

5 2 L-2L-3=0
=> ..L=1
2
2
2

i'j ni'j

=s

L =1 .;::.. L =k1t+ 2:..

2
2
4

<:::>

3
=-5

y=2k+

( 1)

(1) ." ."L CL

(2).

f'\

(1)

." f'\(2)

186
~ C C~ ~

!~ ~~ .
'~ yC ~

2 =- 5

242
6 !) 6 ~<'

+ =

= 2~

J ~~~~~~;

=
I ~
l (-y)-(+y)=4

(~~~~~;~~( x-y) = ~
l (-y)=4+(+y)

(-y)=4+(+y)

y;i
~

.,- 4-- '~: c:-'-'~=-:~:-:-~: . : .z. ~. .:.~,.(-x+-y--) = I

(+y)= (+y)+2

(-y)=4+(+y)

y;i
~

(+y)-(+y)=2

1(-y)=4+(+y)
~~ C~~ ~ y~ (+y-)
=2

+y-=2k+2

+y-=2k+-2.

L L~ ~ !~ L L~
:

y;t

+y=2k+-

187

(-y)=4+(+y)

y;t
2 :

+y=2k+3

(-y)=4+(+y)

uLs s ,.

y;t

y;t

x+y=2kw +-

(-y)=4-

+y=2k+-

(-y)=3

y;t

x+y=2k+-
r:(-y)=~

-1" 3

;;

;t
0~~~-

' CL oL LLC
s uLs wou u :

+y=2k+-
-y=2+~

+y=2k+-
-y=2-~

ys uLs s 2

188

243
6 t''.j 6 d<'

+ =

ty =1,2

2+ 2= 2

'

=(-y)

x+y=k

.;:::.

2=(-2y)

2+2y=

x+y=k:
x+y=

x=G
<==-

'

x+y= ;

=2

:
+y=

1- 2

2y
1- 2 y

=2 I

+y=

I
I

2(+y)-2y(+y)=2{l- 2 - 2 y+ 2 2 y}
(1- 2 )(l- 2 y)#

<==-

+y:
2-2 y=2 [l+ 2 2 y- 2 2 +2y]
(1- 2 )(l- 2 y)#

CL~ u~ yL
(y) 2 +(3- 2 )(y)- 2 2 + 2 =

().

fj~

189
~toCs C d yLd y=, , 2 rL
yd
L d a~L y= a rL u uLs
,

y.

=2.

() yL

(y) 2 -( 2 -3)(y)-3 2 =
y=

=>

-3-+:(

-3 )2 12 2

=>

( -3)( 2 3)
2

2
C

y=2,

y=-3.

L vLS L =2 rL L vLS L

,: t 2 -2 2 =

=y=

=>

C f'\s

2 : t -23=0
2

244
6 bru~ 6 ~ct

cv

.
L

Eaorfi =

6f , = 3f

i. d = vL!; s r

=-1,

y=l

C d

..::;.

l-2 y=22

. : ;. Iy= 2~~~

I I-

x,y.

y- 2

y= 2

'

+cuv2y = 2cuv2a

ii. ' ~ rL

= 2~va y

l-2

4 2

2 (l2)-2(l22)=

190
(~L s ~( Ls L =2
( =-(1+22).

t Ls L t Ls .
s

,:

=2yl

2 :

.'

=2

=2y

<=>
1

=2y
=-(1+22)

=2y

=2k+2

<=>

=2k2

=2y

=2k-2

Ls L L .'

s .'

L.

vt:JLt; 2
2

<=>

<=>

=2y

=-(1+22)

=-(1+22)

( 1)

y=-22

(2)

(1)

.'

x,y

1=4 2 y 2 +(1+22

I (3)

=2y

= 2y
=-(1+22)

(2)

' L

1
-2

~ 2~ -

( ~ .'

L Ls 2
(L

L ,

(3)

191

245
6 lw~ <c:J
d =

y= 2

#'

c;..

<=>

y=
y=2

<=>

{1)

y=

(2)

y= 2

( 3)

2 = 2 2 +~

(4)

1- 2 = 2 2 +~

CL!; (4) L

( 2 +1) 2 =(1+ 2 )(1- 2 )

2 =1- 2

<=>

<=>

<=>

{=~}
<1- 2 .;;;

=~ f

-1<

<

1
y=.

Ai.

=1-

~ C

C y= .JtL i

(2).

246
6 lw~ dc:J
+y + = e1vx +e1vy +e1va

c;.

L :

+ =

2a

192

<=>

<=>

<=>

-x+y
2

2x-v

+=2

-x+y
2

- x-y
2

+y=2

J 2

x;y +=2 x;y +]

+y=2

2(-) x;y =-(-)

<=>

+y=2

i)

-=

=k+..!. r

=>

x+y=2k+ ;

I
ii)

& .

x-y=G
-~

x;r =2 23

x;y =- ;

+y=2

+y=2

:
4

+y=2

41t
3

-y=4--

-y=4+-

x+y=2a

I_

193

247
6 !1r.u~ 6 i<h

(, ,z) (,;)

x+y+z

'

...!.. _:_= -1/3

.L ...!... ="'13-!fi.

uc;..

EtaL:

(x,y,z)(o, ;)

<=>

~ ~

-"'/3
3

=1/3-1/2

(x,y,z)(o,T)

<=>

z
2

22=

L ~=
2
2

- (1/2+1)1/3("\f3-1/2)
3
-

1/3

('/2-)

V3-V2

194

(x,y,z)

(, ~)

( ,y, z) (, ~ )
z
2 =

3(V3-"fi>
9

~ ~ = 3-2

z
"'/3("1/3~)
2 =
3

_ V3<V2->

22

=3-2

22

( ,y, z) (, ~

2=3

248
'w( &. 6 <'J~

42 ; z=1
:

cpx + +z = z

(,

,z)

v ~ -

(O,w)

~LV.

'~. ' !:
(x,y,z)iH
--y--z=yz}

(x,y,z)(0,1t)

<=>
x-ty--z=k

1t

195
1t

(x,y,z);t 2

<=>

L:

x+y+z=

(x,y,z)E(O,)

4 2

yz=1

'( 1)

(2)

x+y+z=

<=>

(x,y ,z);t

1t

,( ,)

(3)

CL~ ~ C~ L
(1-)[(y-z)-(y+z)]=1

<=>

(1-)[(y-z)+]

=1 <=>

2 -[1-(y-z)]+[1-(y-z)]=

~ L ~ L (~ L~

(4)

[1-(y-z)] -4[1-(y-z)]~ =>

[1-(y-z)][1-(y-z)-4] ~
(y-z) ~1
=

21t

(4)

=>

(y-z)=1

=>

( i'i~

..

1t.

249
6 lw.u~ 6 ~41

x+v+z = r
,

~=~=~

y/0
6.

lL:

(4)

L =,

196

x+y+z=1t
+y+z=yz

<=>

=t

y=t
z=t

(L~ u~ L

6t 3

t =

(a+B+)t=

(1). Ai. (L '~ L~ (1) L t=O (

V!!--'!fs~

' (++)>. L

t=O

x=k1t

<=>

<=>

y=

y=

z=

t=

z=1t

-v ++ .

x=k1t

x+y+z=1t

x+y+z=

<=>

y=t
z=

k++=l

x+y+z=t

=~
:\ +i+
---aiY

y: I

y++
---

z=

L L (t, t, t)ER 1tu

(~, .~2 .~3 ) (-

; , ;)

-&, =t, -&2=6t -&3=t.

Cu~ L.

197

x+y+z=1!

x+y+z=

=-,

<=>

y=-&2

=k+-&,

y=+-&2
z:+-&2

z=-&3

250
6 br.urj C111ctra
++

=11'

~ = ...!lHY._ = ~

y-/0
J

! L
+y+=

2+2y+ 2 -2y=2

<=>

=t,

1-

y=t,

=yt

L-L d~ Ld~ , y, t~
p CL ~ C .
t 2 ( 2 + 2 +y 2 )-2y=2

().

'\~_ L~ ()

p L~ t -& a~ r,J ~ ~ r,
y, ap x,y, .

!L ()

<=>

<=>

2y=t 2 ( 2 + 2

y [ t 2 ( 2 + 2 +y 2 )-2] ~

+y 2 )-2

(, )

4 2 2 y 2 =t 4 ( 2 + 2 +y 2 ) 2 +4-4t 2 ( 2 + 2 +y 2 ), 2

198
L~ ~~ L~ 2.
2 ~ 4(1- 2 )(l- 2 y)(1- 2 )=t 4 ( 2 +2

EiaL

+4-4t2

t2 =

(2 +2

42 2

4 2

+y2)

~ 4(1-2

+y 2 ) 2 +

t2 )( 1-2 t2 )(l-y2 t2 )=t4 (a2 +2 +y2 )2

-( 2 )2

82 y2

Ai. .' t, ,t2 .t3 raL .' ' i.xao1tOL00

( 1 ) .

L t, = tp{n:L uuyu~ , 1t 1t1tL

L~ L .

y:

x=k

y=

y=

~ =1t

uyu ~

uuyu <

~ L~ L ~

u ai. {L~. ,,

lrt2

I~ 1

x=k1t

+y+=

+y+=t

.'

k++=l

!uuy <

t, ,t2 ' 42 2 -( 2 ) 2 ~0, /at,,2j,jst,,2j,

199

251
6 lWLu~ 6 ~c:1

(,,z)(,
c:1U(y+z)

__:___:...:....___.:_+

;)

c:1U(x+z)

c:1Ux

(+)

-'--'-

2c:1U

c:1U

c:1z

+ -z =1+2V3
z = 2V3 + 3

(x,y,z)e(o, ;)

;: l.. :

<=>

+y-z=1+2\:3

(1)

yz=2"3+3

(2)

u(t-)

u(t-y)

uy

(t-z)
2--

(3)

t=x+y+z
C CL tu L
t+t

tuy+ty

=
2

tz+tz

ut+t+t+ty=2ut+2tz

t(+y-2z)=

<=>

t=

<=>

+y=2z

<=>

+y=2z

L L rL L L

(x,y,z)e(o, ; )
+y-z=1+23
yz=23+3

x+y+z=

x+y+z=

<=>

200

(x,y,z)

;)

(,

+y=2z

+y-z=1+2V3
yz=2'3+3
icJL~ U cJucJ-tjao~

(x,y,z)(o, ~)

(x,y,z)(o, ~)
l. :

<=>

+y+z=yz

+y-z=1+2V3

<:>

+y+z=2V3+3

+y-z=1+2V3
yz=213+3

yz=2V3+3

(x,y,z)(o, ~)

(x,y,z)(o,

z=l

z=l

+y=2V3+2
y=2V3+3

=2+'3

;)

y=3

z=..!..
4

1t

=-

y:

(x,y,z)

5'11

12

(, ~)

z=1+23
+ y=2+4V3
y=

01tOU

41/3+9
22

raL 1t~ Uy~ ~ ,y.

201

252
6 !1r.u~ 6 ~d
(+) + +) =2

( +)

( +)

~(+)

+ ~(+)

~(a+y)

~(+y)

-
.

k'lr

=2

+~
2

!L:

-;tk+ .!.
2
2(+y)2(+y);t
:<=>

(+)(+y)+(+)(+y)=2(+y)(+y)
(+)(+y)+(+)(+y)=2(+y)(+y)

-;tk+ .!.
2

2(+y)2(8+y);t0

(+--y)+v(+--y)=2(-)
(+++y)+(+++y)=2(+8+2y)

-;tk+..!.
2

2(+y)2(+y);t

2(-y)(-8)=2(-)
(+y++)=(2y++)

-;tk+ .!.

-;tk+ .!.

2(+y)2(+y);t

2(+y)2(+y);t

(-y)=l

-y=2

(+y++)=(2y++)

+y++8=2(2y++)

202
u!; xpoxl.fxou l.fo u,
il'\!;:

:,

-~+..!.
2

-~k+ ..!.
2

2(+y)2(+y)~

2(y)2(+y)~

x-y=2kx

-y=2

+3y=2p-2()

x-y=2px

253
C. 6 ~c1
,:

~v~(+)+~(+)=

~+~+ 1=0

+(+)+(+) =

+=

1) 6 g 1 <=> 2
2) 6 l at c1~ 2
3) 6 g 6 TW\1 6v , + , + ,
~ tj ~tj ltj, l uC l.doXeou -y(
u ,

e1 ! y

-6-

<=>

:,

1) l:

u+u u- u uy- y=

<=>

+ u+ u+ uy+yu=

u(l+u+uy )-(+y )=

(l+uuy)+u(+y)=

<=>

p yu10

u!; 10 wpL! (l+u+uy), (+y)

p 10 !; .

l:

203

1++y=

2 + 2

I
I=

2 + 2

---
-

-- _Q_
1 --

i. L

rL i. L 1++y: C +y:

2.

rL:

<=>

+y=-1
:(-y)

i. L

4:

<=>

+y=-1

3:

C L

x=2k-y

x=2k-y

<=>

=y

y=2+

y=2

32
211

=2--

+y=-1]
x=2k-y

' 4

=2k++y

2y=-1

I
rL

3.

'

2
y=2--

."
=2+

321t

3. ." ~ '<2. ~
L =2t+ =2t+
~ rL:

r-

201+
-2t 1t+a
+-

21t')
' +2 Jt- 2 '1! = 2 1t+\
{ ' - 3-

+y=2t1t+ '+21t+

=2 '+ '+

21t

'

...

'-0 ,.,.--+tt:

1tls, 2 1tls
+

1tls

+y' r

r.

r.

r. .

I (, 2 ) I= I (, 3 ) I= I (~ 2 ) I=120.
254
6 lu1 6 ~cf

(+)-(-v)

= 2~

(+v}+(-v)

= 2~y

c;.

' :

&rov (, , , )R C
(1-2)(1- 2 ) ~

: \S S r 1tu.

;t r:

1
<=>

[(+y)-(-y)] =2u

_..!.._

(,

((+y)+(-y)] =2uy

(2 ) 2 -(, ~3

~ CE2 ) 2 -( ) 2 =3

~2 ((+y)+(-y)]2

=+(+y)(-y):

~2 [(+y)-(-y):
(3)

(-y)= <=> x-y=k1t Jt

(+y)=2u=2uy

Jt u Jtox~Jtou ~ \Ss.

' s (-y);t,
{ s 2 (-y).

3 y, ~

205

[a (+) +1 _....!_ [a (y) -] =4 (y):()

(-y)
J 2
(-y)
(-y)' 4

..

3 ~

EL~ 1 4

.L

~~

' ( ) L L L f
5

(y)

( x-y ) = t

y L

t= (y) = +y
(-y)

-y

( 8 )

lL

42 2

(1- 2 )(1- 2 ) ;;!'

2 2
t=

tL &

22 2 -(2 + 2 )2V(1- 2 )(1..: 2 )

2 ( 2 -2 )

& t.

f'j~ L
!!._ ~
2

v\iy

1
~=
t+
y
t-1

_ at-B
- at+B

' L ~f'j

(7 ), ElaL ~

().

1 , & :
=

,:

t+l

-t-1

v=

(t-)
(t+)

t+l

t-1

v= (t-)

(t+)

206
( C~
2 (t-) 2

C.

= --"'7(-t-+~)2,---2- AL C ~~ y

2 (t+ )2

(t-)2

~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~.L

C ~ C ~ xaC = (t-)
(t+)

255
6 lw.u~ 6 ~d:

(x,y ,z)

{,)

x+y+z=w

2 ~ =f ~
2 = +z

U. ' 2y:+z<=> 2(2 ~~~

=2

<=>

x+z
- 2

x-z
- - <=>
2

z
2

y
2

z
2

-=--=3--

x-z
- - <=>
2

<=>

- -

x+z
- 2

=3

t~ y.

(x.y.z)

<=>

(.)

2 + y+

=2

2=
<=>

x-z
- 2

207
(x,y,z)(O,)

(x,y,z)(0,1t)

<=>

2 +2 =

2 ~ =

3'
<=>

L ..!.
2

<=>

<=>

(x,y,z)(0,1t)

v
z "\'3
- =~ =- =~

2 =3

2 =3

..!...:L
2
2

~2=3

3 ~ = ..!. L

2 =3

3 ~=..!.L
2

(x,y ,z )( ,11)

(x,y,z)(O,)

2 +34

258
6 l'

at

lt.. .C w x,y wa.3 l. ~

Cf.t; ~cJt;.

x2+y2= ~3+ y3
~3

= y~3- 3
3

~c: ! :

x2+y2:
=

~(u3~+yn3~)+u~(yu3~-3~)
~u3 ~+u~3 ~

~(~u3~-u~3~)+(~3~+u~u3~)

eut(u 2 e+2t)

-2~+yu2~

1/2

2~

208

(1)
(!; :

2 +

2=

u~(u3~+y3~)-~(yu3~-3~)

u4~-4~

= (u~

u3~+~ 3~)+y(3~ u~-u3~ ~)

(u 2 ~- 2 ~)(u 2 ~+2~)

_ u2~+y2~
u2~

(2+y2-)u 2 ~=y 2 ~

(2)

~t (1), (2) ~:

x=y=O

=1 }

{ =-2

y:O

257
'( 6 lnr6 6~ !~.~.

;:.

3 ( : + )

3 ( : + ) = 2

(1)

3 ( :

(2)

(: -

(1)+(2) => u3~+3u~='i(+)

(3)

(1)-(2) => -3~+3~=2<a-)

(4)

~ (3) ~t

4u 3 ~="'fi( + )

~ (4) ~t

43 ~=2(-S)

'

209
4t

u 2 ~=2t (+)t

4t 2 ~=2t (-);
:

1~i )( i J."

V(+ )2 +V(-) 2 =2

i~s 1ti ts 1 &L

~ ." s i'is:

258
'r( 6 lnr6 6~ l~.~.
d

+ .,S

- ~

(1)

= 2f1 "+ ~
2

(2}

f'ls (1) :

2 2 u 2 ~+ 2 y 2 2 ~+2y~~= 2 2 <=>
2 (y 2 - 2 ) 2 ~+2y~+ 2 ( 2 - 2
i'is

).=0

( 3)

(2) :
2 2 ~+y 2 2 ~-2y~~- 2 2 ~- 2 u 2 ~=

( 2 - 2 ) 2 ~-2y~~+(y 2 - 2 ) 2 ~=0

L i s LLs
R:Q
.

(3), (4) ~ 1~ txuQ

LS

[2 (y2 -2 )2 -2 (2 -2 )2y +[ 2 2 xy(y2 -2 )+ 2 y(2 -2]

[28xy(y 2 -8 2 )+2xy8 2 (x 2 - 2 >]=

2 v2) [( 82 -y2
2 -2
-- --( +---_,_
2
82

4x2v2]
)2 +--"--

_
-0

210

259
'r( 6 6'b c?nr6 6c !~.~
e1+ y=2

(1)

+ e1=e12

(2)

c;;.
i yu!; i L x,y C
pC !; L!; i,L:

2-&

Iu2-&

u-&

--&

u-&

--,-~--u--=--&---&

j u-

2-&

--

u2-

y=

2 -& + 2 -

I
I_

(2-u---u2-&)

=>

=-&(3)

I
=(u2-& u-&+2- -&)

=> y=u-&
(4)

260
'r( 6 6 lnr6 6~ ~~.~

- e1

=Vx2+y2

~+ ctu

(1)

02

c;;.
:2 +y2

2 2 -&+y 2 u 2 -&-2y-u-&

'\!; (1) 1tL

2 ( 1-2-& )+y2 ( 1-u2-& )+2y-u-&=

=>

(2)

= x2+y2

=>

=> ( u-&+y-& ) 2 = =>

=> 2u2-&:y22-& => 2(l-2-&)=y22-& =>

2 u 2 -&+y 2 2 -&+2y-u-&=
u-=-y-&
2

2 -&- ___
- x2+y2

u 2 -&=

x2+y2

L !; L!; !; L!;

(2),

211
:

261
6 yC~ lmao~ v lm6 6

t.dc:J:

(2)

2 +< = & {}+u {}+ 2 +2 ( u 4 {}+ 4 {})

2 +

=1-3 2

{}u 2

{}+ 2

+2(

1-2 2

2 +2 = ( l+ )2 -2 {}u2 {}( 3+4)

=:>-

{}u 2

{}) =:>( 1 + )2 - ( 2 +2 )
2 {}u2 {}: --'----'-:-3+_4.:..:.--'---'-

=:>-

(3)
'.' rL:
=(u 3 {}+u{})( 3 {}+{})

=:>-

=3 {}u3 {}+2 {}u{}+{}u{}

=:>-

={}u{}( 2 {}u 2 {}+ 2 +)

2

( 4)
2

fi (4) JtL L
=
u, fi (3),rL

{}u 2

{}( 2

'e 6 lm6 6 t.dc:J

xc:Ju +~= --

~""

+)

( l+ )2 _ ( 62 +2 )
2
( 3+4 )
+ +j =:>-

262

. - yc:Ju

{}u2{}+ 2

ac:Ju
= --'-~2

212
.

pli L yU!;
LC rL

x,y. AL

u-&
1
-&

--&

u-&

-&

-&

--&

__ ( -u-&-u~)

-&

=>

-u 2 ~- 2 ~

(1)

=2-&

-&

-&

-&

-&

--

-1

( u 2 ~-2-&)
2-&

=>

y=-( 2 --1)

(1)

(2)

(2)

263
C ~ L'lmM..;~ lr6 6~ !~L~

d3(9-) - C1u"3(+a-y) - d3
d (-) -

d (+-y) -

6 dt<' l-

6 6u .
.

;CL~

u =-&
(1) L

x=y--&

(1)

u3(-)

=k=

u(-8)

= rL L!; ~!;

u3
u

(1).

u3 u3+3 3=k(uu+)

~ u3=~u 3 -3u
3=3-~ 3 -&L
y Cu ~ C LL~!; u 3
(k+3) 3 +(ku+3u3) 2 +(k-33)+
+ku-u3=

213
L

ku-u3=.

CL

(k+3)t 2 +(ku+3u3)t+(k-33)=
L

o~ou =t

( L~ ~, (-~).
w

~+(-~)=-

=(~+(-~)

= (

ku+3u3

k-33

' ~ (-~)= k+3

k+3

= ~+(-~)

-(ku+3u3)

43

1-~(-~)

+3)

=k~+ ~ +3

=-3

-3=k~+ _..!...
2

264
'r( 6 lnr6 6~ t.c1c1~
2 = k~+

(1)

~2= k~-

(2)

c;:. LL

~ 2 ~= k+~

k-~

(1),(2)

=>

2e~(k-~)

_
-

k+~

k-~

= (1- 2 ~)(k+~)

=>
=>

8 3 ~-(2-k) 2 ~+8(2k-)~-k=
L

(3)

(1),(2) yL #
k

2~= -~+- ~

( 4),

u2~= u~-. ~

(5)

214

1=k 2 2 ~(~ 2 + ~ 2 ) + 2 2 ~(~ 2 + ~ 2 )+2k(~ 2 - ~z)~~=>

At

L (3),(6) L L LL
R Q ~ .
w
L 3 + 2 ++=, 2 +6+= LQ
L Q .

265
'r c c!nr6 6" dd"
(+):+(+)+ z(+y) =

(1 )

(-)+(-)+ z(-y) =

(2)

fj

(1) 1tL

(+y+z)~+(+y+z)~=

~=- +y+z

(4)

+y+z

fj

( 2)

(~-)

+
+

(~-)

(~-)

+-

+( +

=>

+~

z
+~

(+ ~)(+ ~)=

).<

=>

+y

+z

=>

~=

t(+)-+ z ~=
(

(3) =>

=>
=>

)2~+

[(+)+y(+)+z(+)]~+ +y +
+z =

(5)

215

( 4)

( )

(5 )

()

( )2 -

=>

~ (+

+ =.

266
'c &6 6!; L~dL!;

c;:.
L

d + = ~3

(1)

- d = 33

(2)

L!;

=22~-4~

(3)

y=-22~-4~

x,y 1i
(4).

(3) C (4) L 2 +y 2 =5-46~ =>

4 [ 4 3 2~-32~] =5-( 2 +y 2 ) => 16 3 2~-122~=5- ( 2 +y 2 )

( 5)
f' (3) L

=22~-[2 2 2~-1]

=>

222~=

( 6)

=22~+1-

(5),~ (6),L:

82~ [2 2 2~] -122~=5-( 2 + 2 )

-122~=5-(

+y 2 )

=>

162 2~-(4-8)2~+ 2

C 2 2 2~-22~+(-1)=0

L LL

=> 82~ [22~+1-]

+y2 -5=0 (7)

(6)

(7) C (6) L R=O =>

[16(x-l)-2(x 2 +Y 2 -5 )- [-32+2(4-)] [(-l)(-4 )+2( 2 +

=

=>

L C

(x 2 +y 2 )(x 2 +y 2 +18)+8x(x 2 -3y 2 )=27

216

267
'wUj 6 , ~6 6~ ld~

= 2

= 2 +

(J)

(2)

=- J

(3}

. ~ ~~ t 2 -yt+=O,
t
(1) ~ (2) ~ ~
~
~

1 =-&

2 =

1 2 =-&

=>

=-1 =>

+=.

268
'wUj x,y 1 ~6 6~ !.c:fcJ~

(J)

(2)
(3)

+ =

. ij'

"
{+y)
'
{1) ~ -----=, ii (2)
y

+y = ~ w

+ = x- y
2

ij'

x-y

(3)

=>

2 --=~

x+y
2

x-y
- 2

u~ i'j

(4) =>

{5).

(-y)=2 2

x-y
- - -1=
2

....::...J... -~

=--

~ {4),~ ii (6),~

{4)

~
:21L
=> 22 ~~ => (+y)=
2
2
2 -

(6)

217

=1-2 2 x+y =1- ~

2

=> u(+y)= -

( 7)

(1)

(+y)= ~ (u(+y)+u(-y)]
=>

( x+y

(+y)= ~

=>

- (- 2 + 2 '-]
)2

(+y)=

=>

(2-2)

- J =>
(8)

(7) ( (8) S

269
v 3 + 3 = ~u3a

'6 ~ at c1)(<'tt
3+ 3y= 3

(2),

+ = 2

(1 ),

(3), v6 j :

83 3(+) = 272 2 4 u(3+)

6.

. ~

(1) .' (2) ~

(:

u3+u3y+3(u+uy)=4u3l =>
3(+y)-(3+3y)=43

2u

=>

3(x+y)
2

6 ~
2

x+y

+6u-- u

~ - 2 3 (x+y)
2

u3u

3(x-y)
2

-3u

3(x-y)
2

=>

3(x-y)
2

3uu

2
x-y

x-y
2

3 (x-y)
2

=2u3

+3u --=23

=4u3

=43

=>

218
w

3(x-y)

x-y

3(x-y) = 2(-3)

'L L
2(-3)
4

32 3 3(+)

=
4

32 3 3(+)

2.., : ,,,

~= 23(+)

34

3 (x-y) =4 3 -y -3 x-y
2
2
2

8 3 3(+)

27 3 4

23(+)
34

= 2((-3)+3(+)]

27 3 4

:::>-

=42(3+) :::>-

8 3 3(+)=27 2 42(3+)

270
''-. ld)(ouv at dd~

x=yduvy+ze1Uv

y=ze1Uva+ xe1Uvy
z=xe1Uv+ e1Uva
v '
C1Uvtouda dd 6 a,,y, oav xvz .

L ~ - l

~ - L =-
z
z
~ + l=1
z
z

-1

: ~

yL L

L

-

:::>-

2 + 2 + 2 +
+2v-1=0

:::>-

219
(u+v u) 2 -(1-u 2 )(l-u 2 )=<=> (u+vu) 2
- 2 2 =

<=>

(+vu+ )(v+uu....,)

= <:::::::> [u+v(-)] [u+v(+y)] =

+-

+-=2k+

-+

- -2

++

- -2

<=>

-- =

++=2k+ -+=2k+.

271
6 & ' 6 & 6~ dd ~

/32+y2

)")2+2

yd 2 +d 2

d 2 +d 2

2~+ 2 =ku 2 ~+ku 2

~+ 2

=ku ~+ku

(+k) 2 ~+(+k) 2 =(+)k

=> ( +k ) 2

2 ~+ 2 =ku 2 ~+ku 2 :

~+( +k ) 2 =( +

)k

(+k) 2 ~+(+k) 2 =(+)k

u 2 ~, 2
u u u
~ ,

+k,

+k,

(+)

+k.

+k,

(+)

+k,

+k,

(+)

=>

(+k)[(+k)(+)-(+)(+k))-(+k)[(+)(+k)-(+)

( +k )] +( +) [ ( +k) ( +k )-( +k )( +k )] = => 3 + 3 + 3 =3

272
' 6 6 & 6 dd:

: d+

=l (1 )

ci d+ =l (2) - = 2

(3)

220
~.

LL

(1)

(2) u

( u( ,

L:

li

-&1

-~

= --,-c=_.,.-~~~ = --8

(--)

u- -&1

--

2-- u

.!!!.

2 = u

--

--

(4)

2 ~ --
= u--u =
2
2
( --)
2 -~ --

+-

2 - - u - = ----=2~_ _....:2::........,~ =>

=>

..!!!...
= L u
2

(5)

(4. ) L' ( 5)

( a + y2)
2
2

u = 1

273
'r( 6 6 C

+ =

e1

lnr6 6~ 1.C:C1.~

(1)

e1uv =

(2)

!._ ..!.. = 2 .L
2

~. (1) (
-+m

2 u

--q

-2-

(4)

(2) L:

-+m
-8-m
2u~u~=

-8-m

4u 2 ~= 2 + 2

(6) L
L

(3)

(5)

(6). (5)

4 u 2.!!!_ -2+2_2=>
u2~:1__(7)
2 +2
2
4 2
(3) L:

221

!. ..!..
_

2
2
___.::..__--=._

!.
..1.
2
2
1-2

1+2

= 2

~ ..!.. - ~ ..!..

=>

----~2____2~--~2~~2=--=

~ ..1. + !. ..!..
2

{}+
2

---{}~-'-- =y

=>

=>

- -2

2_74
'6 l.
:

(2) (-3)
2 + <h = 2

= 2 3

6 Ji ()-

(1) ~(-3) = ~ 3 (

(1)

( 3{}+3{})

C~ ~

y~

(-3{}):

3{}( 2- )+23{}=36{}

(2), 3{}(2)-3{}(2-6)=3{}-

t~ yC ~{} .

275
2 + 2 '+2'~v = 1 (1), 2+ 2 '+ 2'~ =1
+''+( '+')~ = (3) ' lr.'i ():
'6

. .2+ 2
~

= _1
__ ~ 1
2

(2)

222
.

(' +-6 ) 2 - 2 2 -6=1- 2 - (' +-6 ) 2

( 1) -

(3) ~:

('+-6)('+-6)+ 2 -6=0-

('+-6) 2 ('+-6) 2 =(1- 2 2 ~)(1-2 2 ~)

22~=(

22~= 1 -22~-22~+22~
(2+2)2~= 1

2+\12 l

1 -22~)( 1 -22~)

276
.

rL

<=>

2 +2- 2 <

-('2+1) <<'2-1
31t

'r::
=v2+l

2 -2+32 >2( 2 + 2 )<=>

<=>

2 +2-1 <

." L r~

<=>

..!... =Yi-1
8

=> Ls; fjs; () rL

_l.!_<t<_!_
8
8

x=k+t

277
e-

' . l'j r ~~~:

'
6
uc;:.
-2+-1

()

>0 <=>

<=>

~2 +<1u

<1u2

2+-1
2

-1

> 2

2>0 <=>

2(-2+-1) ><=>

(2 2 -1)(-2 2 +1+-1)>0
(2 2 -1)(2 2 -) <

<=>

."

223

( + ~ ) ( 11- ~ ) ( -

; ) <

w L~ ~~ () lL

x=2k+t

< t <

3'

..!.. < t<l..!_

2

~<t<~
4

278
6 at <1.10 j10 .d610:
: "V3-4~ 2 > 1+3

~. lL

<=>

<=>

~ ~ 2w

II

1J4 2 -1 > 1+3 <=> ~:

4 -1 ~-

1+3 <

w . L~ f~ ()

~-

4 2 -1 > ( 1 +3 ) 2

!
31f
;

<-

~-

1+3~

lL . L~ , , 2

<=>

lL

<=>

31

4 2 -1 >i+9 2 +6

<=>

~-

~-

<=>

2-<=>

5 2 +6+2<

224
L ~ rL 5 2 +6+2 > L
2 L L.

279
: ~ (l+~)

>

1+2~

u.

rL <=>

(1+)(1-)>

(1+)
1+2

1-2

;t-1

I
I

(1-2)-(1-)(1+2)

(1+2)(1-2)

;t-1

;t-1

-2 2 -1-+2 2

(1+2)(1-2)

;t -1

(2+1)(2-1) >

>0 <=>

1
(2J+1)(2-1)

#-1

>

<-

L~ '~ () rL

x=2k+t 1 ,

2
1

2
x=2k+t 2 -

- ~ <t 1 <...!..
6

280

6 tw} &.dcS;
~ < 2w
u.

<=>

Er L

<=>

3 +3+23 >

<=> 24-2> <=> 422

<=> 2(42-1)>0 Cq. L~.

4+4-2>

-2>

: .v 3 +3 d3 >

>

225

281
6 t''u .dcS : ; + 2 >

"

O'II'OU

~<211'

l~

-3 3 -+2-6 2 -

3 '

<=>

-2 3 ~-6 2 ~-2 ~+2

----~3______~3____~3~-->
1-3 2

( ~

+1)

-3

-3-

+2- - - - - - - - >
1-3 2 ~
3

-3- +3

1-3 2

<=>

3 >0 <=>

<=>

[+(2+1)] [-('2-1)] [+ ~] [- ~] >

' ~

V3

;< <

s;

()

f'\s;

2'

c:l~

3
+;<<

12-1

<<

V3

- 1

+ <
S

< +

<<,

:::;<

- Vz+1

'
3

ll

-6-<

::; 2

226

282
t'L.~ v~~

( -~vx )( +~vx

-1) >

(;

c; <_2-r

c:. rL ~ (- ~) ((- ~)- ~]>

(1)
L L ~~ (1) C !
~ ~ ~ 0 L L

1)

> ~

2)

(- ~)>0 ~ <- ~<~ ~<<

3)

(- ~ )> ; ~

<<

-~<- ~

<

<=>

< < ~

C C Lw L

[,2)

C C L ~ !.~ ~.
!

LC

~~

(- ~)

(- ~)- ~

1t

4
2

283
6 ~wu~ .cf6~

: 23 < 3~ + ~3

"

0.; x<2w
c:.

<=>

rL

<=> 2(3-4 3 )< 3v+4v 3 -3v

3( 2 +v 2 )-4 3 < 2v 3

-43 < 2v 3

<=>

<=>

3 3 +3v 2 -

3 -3v 2 +2v 3 >

,: !v>

<=>!v>

3 -3+2>0

(-1) 2 (+2)>0

<=>

~<=>~~~~;;
+2>0

~~ ~

lL 5L ~L rL ~ ~

L ,

Lv

+-<<2.

~<4

-2

228

284
6 lw.~ ~s

: 3<'. 2 -1 > 2 + 10 [~ 2 -(-1)k<'.(kw+2)-1]

k=2p

c;:. 1tL lL (-1)k(k1t+2!xJ )=2

C (-1)k(k1t+2!xl )=2 k=2p+1. yp

L:

V3 2 -1 > 2+ 10 ( 2 -2-1] <=> 32 -1 > 2-10 2

( /"'' lv V3vv'x-1>2-10vv'x =- j~~1

3 :-1 ~ 1
j 2-10 ~
<=>
<=>

11

C 2

3 2 -1>(2-10 2 )2

2-10 2 <

11L L L L~ ~~ () lL L L~

C 2.

L~ .

31

>-

<=>

2 ~

3 <=>

.~

V3
3

~-f

L~ 2.
2 <-

32 -1 ~ 4+ 1004 -402 I
1

<=>

2 <-

I
4
2
I100 :43 <
1

x+S

1tL ~ lL Jt 100 4 -43 2 +5 > ltL

L 2

L L.

229

285
6 lw.u~ 6 dCJ w aLCS

O<x<w
(3-24 )~ +48 t ~ ..

{ ~v3 (+;) +~3(-

)~

;:. ' L ! L

~3

-2

t=+22+4

=>

=+22+22-22

"

0'1\'0U

+ 22 + 4~

t=

=>

'!'13

t=+2

2 2-1

2 2

2.-1

=+-

t=.

L~ L:

( 3 -24)+48 ~ ~ ~ [ 3 -24+48 ~J~o

(1)
L L~ ~ .

157

' L(~ L

L <~<~ !L ~+ ~ ~ 3 -~>0
L ~ < < 1t => ~

n~

(1)

,.--0-<_x_<_f---.,1

n~ (~ ~ L
1t
) +4 3 (
4u 3 ( 3+

31t

:!;; - 31/3
2

-)

-23

+3 ( 1t +) +(-3)+3 ( 1t - )

-u3+3 [ ( ~ +)+
(; +)+ ( ~ -):!;;
:!;; V3
2

(+3)+

-23

<=>.

-)}3 :!;; 3~ -23 ~

<=> 2 ~ :!;; ; ~
=> r 61t "':: < 21t ~

{;

1'f

31/3
:!;;2

<=>

286
'(

'c;.

(1)

54
3
5
27

-=

ll

<=>

(1)

3
5
27

(,)

ll

<=>

( 2)

+::y

+
1-

u=

(+)=

27

Cu~ J

(+ )=

+=k+

k=O

4 +5

1- _1_
20

27
= 11 =

( 2 ) .

231
> (,

0<<4

<<4,

< + -
-2

< 4

) 11:

>' ' '-

4<
;<2

< k
-2

=>

< ..!_
=>
lj.

- _!<
=> k=O
2 k <.!.
lj.

287
'rC C>:
( + r+ zF dcp(o d + dcpy + dcpz )

c;.

~~~ ::;~~

'

y=

z=r

z=

I <=>

-,

'

=+

-,

=y

(,

=z

=
=y

=z

> ,
=k+

<=>

(1)

>' 2

:p+; -

Ol!OU

(k,,p)EZ,

{1)

(++ )= [<k++p )+ 32 -(++ >] =

-(++ >] =

=(++).

288
'rC ():

32

5+3d +

(~) =
4

(1)

.,

0 << 4

(2)

232
'6e.

32

5+32

( ~ )
.'

32

= -:5-=+~3~=-=-2-:--

=y

(3)

+y=

y=4

L:

(1)

3m

=~

(+y )=

+y=k+

k=O

rL (+y)=

+y

~
4

= (16+

16+ 2

) =

(2) .' 2
0<<

O<y<2
<

4+ 2

1 - 4(4+ 2 )

<<

- - - +-3 2

1-y

=> -

k < => - ..!_

<
4

- 4t <

'I[

+y-<

k < 1 => k=O.

289
'rC .:

( ~

~ ~ -J-) + ( ~

~ ~ f) = ~
(1)

~ =

.' ~

(1)

~~:

=-

233

290
C .C aCxy= :~ 1 v6 q

'E6v a,x,y

c;:.

1
-;+:;

+ a+y = --;-

1
=+

--=

--=

+y

-+y

<=>

( 2)

=r

(1) ~

+=

(1 )

C ~~

"

.:

( + )=

+=k1+

k=O

~ (2)

(+)=

1-

y-1= 2

=>

+y

--+-1-

(+)=

2++y
2 + ( x+y )+xy-1

(+)(+y)
2

++y

(2++y)

=_!_=

234
~ ~ 2

<<~,
=>

<<~,

-1 < k <

<<~ => -~<+-<

=> - ; < k < 1

=>

k:Q

291
6 a,,y b6<1L &&C,6 ao,Lxii gL:

' I a(a++y) + (++y) + V,....y....,..(a+____,....+y---.-) =W

(1)
'cC;.

{ :

y{++5 =
Br
VB{+B+rJ

<=>

yJ..<++) =r

A+B+r=x

(1)

(++)
Br

=\/ (++)

v-

~:

++r=r

(2)

<=>

++=k

k=1

r~ ++r=\j<:~?) (li+IBI+Irl)
r=

()

r= y<++)

( {~

- ++

l+B+xl

(3)

(4)

~ r~ ,, ~ ~ ~ li+IBI+Irl=
=l+B+rl a (3) ( (4) r~ = r.

235

O<r<~

< A+B+r

<

3
"
2

o<k" <

3'1

JCC:;

=>

k=1

O<k <;

292
6 ~v at ve blr 6" broC" ~.
l16":
v
1

(1)
+1 + 2+1 =
'c~;:.

= +1
(

<=>
2+1=
JCL L~

1
= 2+1

ypL

(1)

"

(+)= ~=1

+=....!.. ( 2) <=>
~

+6=k1t+...!..
~

k=O

''L +1~.

L 2

(+)=

1-

2+1~0

+1 + 2+1 _ _ _
:.....:..:....=..._.=....:....:....::.

1- (+1)(2+1)

2
= 2 + 2+ 1 =1
2 2 +2+1

pL~ Li keZ~

i)' rL

<-1

JtL > ,

<

JCL

236

0<a<

'I

_ _!._< k'l+_!_<...!... ~
2

-2<k<J:.... ~
4

a\ (1) C-

k=O

ii)

-+< <,

1
2

-1<<--

' <, <

-+<< ~ -t<+< ~ -'l<k1t+

=<

~ _2._<k<-...!...
~ k=-1. ' (1) C.
4
4
iii)

' >- ;

' R >

<<-} ~ - ...!... < + <

2

k=O

1t

C.

(1) C S r -1~~-

293
~:

y=

- - 2+2 +2

(1}

~ (,}R

i} 6 u at C R .d ~~ (1)

l wy~ <1U6e1 ~ i~ y = f ()

ii} 6 &t] C> <16e1~ 6 l <1U6

e1~

i~ y=c=C16.

237
U~

x;to

i) L rL L L L
C

( 2)

- 2 +26+ 2

B-VB2 + 2 ~ ~ +~

;;.

2 -2- 2 ~

=>

=>

(3)

' L tu

(2)

x;to

.( 3)

(1)

r-

L.

' L

ii)
-&

(1)

rL

- l/-x2 +2+2

-~~~+~

+V- 2 +2+~

<=>
=

-l/-x2 +26+2

+ V-2+2+2

L
2

y=A+B

=> y=1-

(4)

=
y=k+ ( ~)

(5)

y= --,--2--'(--~2'+"2'"""c---:-+-"2')

=>

1-

y= '""'2"

=>

-=..______.....:..:._--;;2-=..::..::..:..:...:::._:_

y=

=>

k.

t L

(5) -& u (
LL L L

CL.

294
: C16d~:

v=C1U [--j-{ }]

cnrou

xl<l

6 u at .C naC ~ ~d~ aC '

"
-
-
' -
~ 6 ri
on
6 y 6

: =

116

(2-1).

=>

238

~ !L

{ }=2k+ { }=2k+~-. C

~: p L L y=
y=

2k

~)

( 2)

ELTE

(3)

( -3-+3-3

' t L (2) C (3) ~ L

LpL L L

k=

=0.1,2

= ~

2 = ( 23

~)

, y3

= ( 43

4 =(f- ~) 5 =(~- ~ J=-+,

=- ( 23~

Ya

~ ) =- ( ~

=( - ~

~)

yL !L

=- 2 -f ( 2
=-2

=-

~ ) ( 2

2
31t.

- 2 -f) ~

( 41 -2 3 )2 =-2 3 ( 2 3

- 1 ( 4 3 -
16
3

+-

= ~ ( 2 -1)

-33

)2

C l'\

=>

=-

(1) =>

16

- 43 )2 =>

=>

= 1 ( 2 -1)
16

~)

239

295
'C

on

V2+~+-

2 Va 2 - 2
v

C >>.

'.

~+-
l.j2-B2
l./2

."

-62

<=>

(1)

/2_2
'a2-2
=k
+ x2+a1+a2 +

(1}

(2) <=>

L 2++=k

(+)=-2

{} =2{} ." =2
(, ) L

< < :

."

' : ----'-....:....,.-"'2-'-{}___,_c2::.....__

= {}+2

2+2{}

=2

Lw
2{} 2

(+):

1-

2+2{}

2{}

2
2

2(2+2{})

= 2(2{}

2+2+2{})

2 2+v22{}-2{} 2 2
2=

2({}+2)2

1- 2 - 2 2-({}+2)2-

= --~~2~~=2~~(::...L{}~+~~~~27~)~--~
2 2-2 {}-2 2-2{}2

(3)

240

__-=,.._2_\1__--=,..2_,_+_--=,...,_2_,_+--=:...c_2_\1----=---=-- =

2 2+2 2\1-2\1 2 2

2\1+2(l+2\1)

22 \1+2 2-2 2+2 \1)]-

2\1(\1+\1 2)

2\1[22 \1+22-22+2~
2(\1+2)

(+)=-2.

=>

22+2\1+2\1 2- 2 2

296
'6 l<'V c:

< ~ + < =

' C
"
~

02 -

6.

..1!1...
<y

= ~

~ =

=_L

=>

fl

(1) ~:

+=

=>

y
+~=
2...
1

~=

(1)

( 2) =>

(+ )=

=>

-=

2 +2 -2= 2

2
~

..r...

+ 2 -

:2.

=>

=>

241

297
.,

'6 <' 'V1- x2-y2

= 2

3-4 2

3-4 2

(1), 6 ~ ~ &( ~L uua 6 ,y

c;.

yi-x2 -y2
3-4 2
2

3-4 2

C ~

i'\
=

(1)
(2)

yf..-x2 -y
3-4 2

pL

~2-y

2~-y+~ 2 ~
1- 2 +2

2=

(2).

::::;:..

1+2

::::;:..

3-4 2

=2-

( 1 )

1-2 -
=

::::;:..

1+

2 y
1- 2

::::;:..

2! 3
1- 2 +4 2

::::;:..

(3-4 2 )~

23

1+3 2

::::;:.. Y1-x2.;.y2 - _2_ _ _.:::.8::.--=-3-3-4 2

::::;:..

1+3~

=27y 2 (1-x 2 )

'> f'i (1) rL

3-4 2

(3)

< 2

(3) p~ 2 (9-8 2 ) 2 =27y 2 .

;;; ~

ap

1- 2 ;!

242

298.
1

V:5

~ = =

+ k &rou k l~.

1
'6c;. +

1
i}= Pv+

:;}.. -

..._

(p+1)i}v=1- i}v=1-i}- p~ 5 i}:(l-;}) 5

2 5 ;}-5 4 i}v+10 3 i}v-10 2 i}v+5i}v-1=0

L,

, (L ~ l

;}, ,i} 2 , ,;}s.

1
- -,+ 1

1
- -2+ 1

- -Ps+ 1

=k+

1
-3+ 1

1
-- +
p.+1

299
C:
t >

=+

't

t +

3t- t 3
1- 3 t2

3
t > V3 1 < t < V3 (
3
3t_-t 3t
"

33 < t < 1
1 32

<

'6c;.

t=.

2t
_t 2

=,

243
3t-t3

_ t =y
1 3 2

2t

= t,=-ty=

~t s LL yL

(+)=

1-

OTL +=k+y

t
1 ) <

+=y

2t
t + ""1-"t2
=
2t

C -

+=+y.

3t-t 3
= 1-3t2

""""1-"t2

1-t

3t-t3
_ t2
1 3

=y

(1). s OTL:

V3 ,.

<--LL>

y>,L

>

y..'L ,,y lL LL .' (1) ~L lk:I.

2)
<<

. -V3-<t< 1
.
3

,.
~L

<+-y<----<k

>,

<< ,

<,

_....!._<<

.' :

y>

'

- < +-y < ..2!....

.2
s lL

y<. &-

- ..2!.... < k <

2

t>l/3 >,

- - < y <

- ~ < +-y < 2

< ----~

_ _!_<<

1t

y<

0<-y < 2 '

1<t<'3 lL >, <,

<<

4) '

--<y<O
2

<<

3) '

>

I k=O /

k=O s ~ Ls:

V3
-3-<t<1.

300
" 2, 3 ,

uC:
1+._ 1

= - -

J (

1--1

8n

7"

2) At C w ,, 2 ,
3) .d

al

.,

'U

)
-1, 0,1.

'fl ~ 1 l

1)

.+ 2 .=_ 1
.

br6 w.-

6.C C Uw 8 ,= v'2-1

t;.

{)

~ ~

1+

(1)

1-.

.'

1+.

1++

(2) =>

+2- 1-+

+2

2) '
_

1-~

=>

=>

-2

1-.

.=-1

+2

-1 +1-.

_ 1 + . _

.+,-.+,-

.=.

1-.

( t

1t

01tOU

+.

=>

...,

1t

=4

1
= (~+.)
=-. =- - .
2

3) !~

x,="'fi-1

. =1+2
3 =-( 1+"""1/2)
, =1-"'fi

5 =1fi-1=x

-<. <

1
=- -
-

.'

.'

245

301
C ~v6pc1.c = ~ (+)+ G (1) cmou

V3 ) , = ( 3
3 ~vx ) , = ( 1+2
= ( 2
1f'J 2 )
v
a~

-'lf

~ :s; 1f

6 lv at 6 C ~ <1-

G
.

u~;

; C; ~

V3

l/3
3u

1+2
y

EraL (+)=

V3
1-

1-

1
2

3+2u

1- 2

3 3+2-2' 2
V3
(+ )= - 3 (2-)(u) - - 3
(1+2)

1+ 2

(+)=

2y-2c

( 4)

1- 2 ~
2

1+2y2c

(2-)(u)

2 +4 2

= (+)

(2-)u

0+2)(2-)

=>

(3)

V3
3

-u

+u

= 3

1/3
) = -3-

1/3
+

1/3

( +

(2)

2(y-c)=(+6)

(1) y~ 2(y-c)=+

01tOU

=>

=>

246

2y

2y= 1-2y

3( 1+2 )

22c ( 4 -+23 -+3 2 - +2-

.,r;:-(

( 5)

1-2 2 ~-2 ~
2
2

)
+1 =

:y;j 4 -+2 3 -+3 2 -+2-+1

i'is

-2<2y-(+)<2
L

c=

12'

2 -+-+1>0

=>

(1)

(6)

2c= 33 (7)

=>
L L

=>

c= 2'

2y-(+B)=2c

.' L L
.' i'j!; (7) L

-<C<
S

c=- 2'

ll

c=- - 12

302
6 ( ) > C

c!nr~( e g:

r;;, <y-

.,

y-x

1 + 2

.'

( 1)

1+ 2

r:=2

(1)

~
1 +y

=y

<=>

=y

y-x

y=

<

yL <-y<

y=

(,)

= ~
1+

(2). L

247

(,)(-;,;)

(,) (, ~) ."

11

--<-<-

lL pLS ." ELS

(-; , ; ) ,

pt' ELX~Q

<( -) <

<3 >

-=

on:

y-\ <~- < y-\ <4 >

+y
+xy
+

LL.

x>y > (4) pL

LL

303
6 l.vii !~.~ :
(-1) + + (+l)

c;:.

= 3

(-l)=

=-1

(+l)=

<=>

3=

( 2)

<=>

(,)

=+l
=3

." ."L (1) pL

++=

(1)

(+ )=( -)
+=k+-

k=O

L u s 2.

lL

+
1-

l+

1- ( 2 -) = 1 +3 2

(3)

2~8

= = =-
L

1 ,

=-1

=--

=1

=-

=-

- ~ < <
~

< < ~

3
2

l< <.!!....
~
2

=-

-.!. < k < ~

2
2
=-

=-

- -1< k < 12
2

=>

2 < ++- < 2

=>

k=O

2
21
1

=-

=> -

=-

++=

=>

=-

.'L

-..!...< <
~

<

<4

=> -

-~<<-..!...
2
~

(L n~ (1) fL =, = ;

2 <

++-

< 2 =>

k=O,

249

304
6 lw.u~ tCdcJ.~

2~d(2)

(1)

c;:. L ypL pL (1) rL

f4x 2 -(l-x2 )2 (l-x2)

+2

L 1- 2 =

(2)

p L L

C 4 2 -(1- 2 )2 =

w C p(L r-

x=l C x=(lV'2).

305
6 lw.un ' tCdcJ.~

1+ 2 - 1- 2
=
1+ 2 + 1- 2

(1)

c;:.

rL

-~<<~
2
2
~ ~

<=>

<=>

<=>

11

1-t3 _ Yl-x 2
l+ - ~

~ ~

<=>

1- 2

11

4
<=>

(1-) 2

l+x 2 = (1+)2

2 _ (1+) 2 -(1-) 2
- (1+) 2 +(1-) 2

<=>

2 _

- 1+
2

<=>

250

306
6

lw .uJi

c;.

l ~.~:

+1
-

-1

- + - - =r . + (-7)
1
+1

-1

--

L~ ~

+6=k+

k:::"1

2.
+1

1-

<=>

-1

=-7

2-1

<=>

1- -7(---=17)

L =2 L

.!.<<.!..

=3

= _!_

< < :

=-7

--<<--

1
5
- < k < -

----1 +--

!L

=-7

(+ )=

<=>

( 2)

= --

(1) L

+=+

+1
-1

<=>

=6

(-7)=

C CL~

(1}

=>

=>

k=1.

2
t

<+-

-<
2

kt

<
5t

<4

=2 !L .

5t

I)

251

307
6 lu) l~Lc:

2- V3x =
~.

2=

"3=

=2

<=>

C C~
-=

(2)

~ u

! ~

<=>

(- ):

=-3

( 1)

(1)

(1)

-=2k+

k=O

2.

-= ~ 2V1-3x2 -"V3V1-4x2 =

~ ~

(3)

!~ = C t ~

2Y1-3x 2 -Y3V1-4x 2 =1 ~ 2Y1-3x 2 :1+Y3V1-4x 2

4(1-3 2 )=1+3(1-4 2 )+2lf3V1-4x 2

2 = l

1-42 =

=
=

:::::-

I= I
.=

:::::-

C~

--=

1
2

.=-

C~
1t

=1

=-

;
=

<=>

~ =

21

:::::-

= .!..

=-

:::::-

( 3)

-=

<=>

252
=-

.'

=--

=-1

=-

V3
-

y:-

=-....!!...
3

=-

~ -=-

=-

~ (1) r =, = ;

308
6 l,u at &t C :C d~ ~ t.d-

d~:

;:.

=vfr + vf-r

.' .'

+=

(2)<=>

(1)

= ;

(1)

Yr7

.:/r.? =

Yf7

<=>
:

(,

"W"

(,)(. ~)

<=>

(,)(.%)

<=>

u=

j<,)(, f)
I - 2
- 17

(,)(. ~)
<=>

:L

x 2+y 2 =17

17

(1) r

<=>

2 =16

'

i =1 '
=4,

y=1

'

y2:1
y2 =16
x=1,y=4

253

309
6 U' [ c?t&. C C U~.; ; ~.,~;:

(1)

+ <'y = 3

;.

y=3

3=y

(~s

(1)

(+):y

(2)

+=y

()

=y

y=

+=l<:+y

(z)

1<:=0

! ~

+-

,...~...;.;_+..:...!.~ =y
-::1-

_ __..__ =3
1-

-=

xy+1 =3
y-x

-=

y~x

xy +1=3y-3x

x~y

=~

x~y

j=3- ....!.Q_
y+3

y+3

(3)

~LJ( LLpL u 10 !L ot pL~( 1,2,5,10

L s !L > : > ~ y+3=5 ~ y=2
i y+3=10 ~ y=7.

Ot

~!L ly=2. =1 : ly=7, =2

t L( ~ , ++y:k

(u

1<::0.

310
6 . !Cdc1.ta: (+1)
;.

(+1)=
(-1)=6

( CLS

(1)

yL:

= 3(-1)
=+1

=-1

(1)
()

254
=3

<=>

(2)

=3

=k+3

k:O

L~ u~ 2.

!L

<=>

3-3

+1=

1-32

(-1)' ;t t 1 <=>

3(-1)-(-1) 3
1-3(-1) 2

=, x=lfi,

<::>

=-12

3 -2=

~ LC

i)

=>

!_<<.!.

x:l/2

=1+f2

iii)

1t

;t3

=>

=- !..
4

=>

=2-1

=>

Cu

=-

=-1

ii)

1t

=1

L ,'

=>

- 2!.. < -3 < ..!.=>

< < :

< k < 2!..

2

- .!_ < k < 1_ => k=O

2
2

=>

=-"'f2

=-('2-1)

=>

=-(V'2+1)

=> 2!.. < -38 < ~

2
2

=>

=>
_.2:_<<-.2:.

!_

< k

311

<

wAp (L L (1) !L

=2.

255

311
'w( (;

d [ { (c1)}} =Vfii-

(1)

~. : = <=> =
<<

=>

w s ~s

[()J =
(

Vi+X""

<=>

)=8

8=

=>

1+ 1+2

=>

(2)

(1) ~s (2) yL

:=

0<8 <
=>

V1;x21

8=~

=>

...

312
.u
6 w

e-'1 ' -~

.u~

[ c1{ d( >}J>
c;.
L

(1)

yL s LS y -

L
L

[ { ( )}] =~
l 2+

s L L.

f2+1

v~-x-- >

(2).

Ls rl'!s (2) lL

Ls s:

Vx~O

( L -

256

>

+1

> 2 ( 2 +2)

I !
<=>

>
4 +2 -1 <

>

-1+5
2

-v-l+Vs

-2--

<<

313
6 l1r~ ~

1
1

= 71
1

02

(1) ~

~s us

( + )=

<=>

+=k+

r~

1-

2 -+1+

1
---,.-2-+1

k=O

+ 2 -+1
<=:>

( 2 -+1)

( )

(2)

~_,_=-:+:-''-''-:- =
-=-

-1

(2)

1
-1

<=>

2 -+ 1 =

=+

(1)

( (~s

_ +

<=>

1
-

-1

(-1)[2-(2+1)+1];t'

2-( 2 +1)+( 2 -+1)=0

(3)

257
~

= ,

C~

' <

_.JL<A<O
2

=-
-1

_1!.<<
2

' 0<<1

+-< 1t ~

<

1<::0

< r < ;

r= 2-+1

- 21t

_J!_<A<O
2
_!_<B<J!.
4
2

31t
+-<-

1<:=1

~ .

o<r <;
' >1

1t

-<
4

<<~
<< ~

- .!_

< +- < _!.

2

1<:=0

o<r < ~

314
6 !u l~.~:

___2_

""""2+1+ ~

2(+1)

(+1)2 +

1 +

(7+10) = (1)

14

258
c;.

{:

2 +

(+1) 2

(7+10)

1-2

(2)

=>

l+x2

2(+1)

= (+1)2 +1

14

a= 1-2

14

+=k-

(,

( 2 +1) 2 -1
= (+1) 2 +1

C ~ (2

k=O

,)

(7+10)

(+ )=-

' ~

+1

++=

= 2+1

"

.,

(1)

2(+1)

ru

C C

=>

(+2)

= 2(+1)

).

~+ (+2)

+=~

1-

1- 2

2(+1)

22(+2)

1-

(7+10) =( 3 )

14

2(1- 2 )(+1)

C f'\

(3)

r =.

= L C ,
=

=1~

= ~ =

f'\
-52-52=0

C.

= r C' f'\

(3)
( 4).

( 2) => k=O

(1)

~ C 14 4 +34~ 3 +9 2 -

f'\ (4) ~
~C l
C f'\ , C.

259

315
6 1-ruJ l(dcf.c:

= (3 -2)

-~
.

I I

~: =

(3-2)=y

C C~

(1)

(1)
-=y

(2)

y=3-2

=(+y)

=2kw+(+y)

k:O

~ ~ (2

).

! =y+y ~

3(1-):y

x(l-x);;:O

j 92 (1-~=(1- )2(1-(3-2)2]

<=>

' (3) s s

lx(1-x);;.O

~ (-1)2(- ~)= )

=1,

= ~

=1 ()

=1 ~ =..!.
2

=1

y=1

y=

C 2 w k=O
=

21

21

=-

C 2

/i

u= ~ ~

8= ;

y=-

k=O
x=l

=.2

21

y=-

260

316
6 .uq tC<'$:
2- 1
~ ~

c;:,

2-1

(1)

<=>

(,

+ cs ~ =

2-1

~ =

~ C~

(1) ~
(+ )=

+=

( 2)

<=>

+=k+

32

32

k:O

i'\ Li'\ (3) < ~ += ~ +=.

' < r~ u~ i'\ (1).
>

=>

(2-1)2 -42

4( 2 -1)

~;~

=-(2+1/3)

3-1
-3+1

2
+=-

2-1

==-2

1/3 :Q

2 -1
2

=>

( 5) r ~

1t

3'

(4)

<=>

3.+43 3 -18 2 -43+3=0

=3,

1/3

=--

,3

~ ~ r~ >. ~

= -12

lf3

=--3-

lx(x'-l);o

<=>

3-1

= 21%

=3

x=l/3,

=>

( 5)

=2--..3,

=2-3.

= ..!.
3

x=2-V3 !L

u=-

-13

651t

( ~~ (1) !L &

xaL

=~

=-'3

+=

351t

x=V3.

317
6 r.u~ l~L~:

(+1}+dcp(-1)= ~ +<1
t;:.

(+1)=

=+1

(-1)=8

=-1

I+

s =

xaC

CL~

(1)

53

(1)

( )

5I+

+=2

(2)

(+ )=2/

+=k+2

k:O

L~ ui~ (2_)

!L

1-

2
1- 2

+1+ -

1
--.....:..:.---7--=

~
= ~ ~ 2 = ~+78 ~ ="' fi87s
-2
-1
=
1t ~ L~ ,

' = \jif-

+1

-1

2~
3

1- 1_
9

262

=
= -1
=

< < :

311

- -

=> -

- ~ < k < _!_

4

=>

'

x=-W

11

11

<

+-2<-

<

k11

< : =>

k=O

!L

=1- W

1t
1t
-2<<-4

=-(1+W)

4<<

54

3t
-4

=>

<+-

< 41t

=>

318

= (2 2) - 21
t,:.

: (2 2 ~)=

32~

5+42~ =

32

(1)

5+~2

=2 2 ~
~

32~

2 = 5+42-
( , )

( CLs

-=-

(1)

(2). L s ~ lL

263
u~~ C~' ~=(-)

CI2 ).

~ ul C~ (,
2

1+2

(3). ~, fl' ~' (3)

C~.

31

~=

~ ~ 2

<=>

l+

f.,

1
2 2 ~- 3~
~=----:---=--3 ~
1 + .1.
3,

<=>

6 2 ~-~
3+2 3 ~

~=

(4)

-!'~

~=

1+

<=>

<=> ~=

~=1.

<=>

1+6~

(~+1)(4 2 ~-3~+3)=0

~
~=.

2 2 ~- - ~=

2 3 ~-3

<=>

~+6 2 ~

(5)

(4) xaC (5) "

~'

~=-2, ~=-1.

319
6 hi lOcJLC

dU (+ -t) +odUvx+ dU (-~) = ~

-:. l: u(+

; )

=
<=>

u=

u(+

u=+

; ) =y

21

u=
uy=-

(1)

(,

<=>

264
C CL~

(1)

ypL

v(+y)=

31t

++y=

(2)

<=>

+=21+

231t

3
( 1t
2

-)
( 2 )

k::O
~L~ ~
L

2.

y- y::-

y= y-<=>

<=>

<=> { y( y-)~

y=(1- )(1- y)+(1- S)-2y

<=>

y( :y-) ~
2 y=

-3 2

y( y-) ~

<=>

~ 2 2
(16-2 2 +13)=

I
I

<=>

<=>

:: LL

L = a~ CL

= ;
ap

=>

++y=

1t

f , =

21t
31t
+2 + 3 = 2

=>

= ~ , y=- ; => y= 231t

265

':

1.

~ wL~~ CL~

V1+ 2 2 =Va

2.

>

wL~~ CL~

2233 4= S- 2

3.

wL~~ CL~
... ~
uv-

n=2 -

! L 21[

<<

23

4. p~u at LC u R CL~
4(-1)(+2)n 4 -8( -1)n2 +(4+l)(-2)=0

t~ Ln
5.

(- : , :

J.

u wL~~ L:

7+l=(1)( 8 3 -4 2 -41) 2

, .,. ,
OL, apLv'tJOL
~

w
7,

73w ,

7Sw

L~~

! L PLi;aL
.

n~

.,L-

8x 3 -4x 2 -4x+l=O.
' #

xaC

+#-y L~~ L:

(-)2+yn2=+ ~

7.

~ L~

+=y

wL~~ CL~:

(+)(+)(+y)

(-)(-}(-y)

_ (+,) (+ )(+y,)
- (-, )(- 1 ) (x-y,)

266

.,

~L

OL L-L
1

L-~ Ls

211

211

4- 2 -

+ ------:-4:-11- +
4- 2

411

611

.?

1
4- 2

611 =1

-2-1+2=2

10. -&, .-&2 .-&3 -& 11u -&, ;l-&2 ; ;

-&;l~,

!L Ls iis Ls:

-+_,- -+ +2 2 -+ 1 -&+ :Q L-i)

1~L 1 2k 2+1 Ls s -& ." L a L

L L." ." !L 11pyL." 11
-&."s 11 L Ls s Ls

s iis ~ !L
11.

;:

11L-&~ ."Ls: 3 + 3 = "'fi2 (3-23 )

l>. ." (.

;)

12. p-&
iis Ls:

x.y

11 !L

Ls

22y+2(+y):(+y)2

13.

'11.".

11 f()~2-

-() !L LLp L 11
():22+1 =6k-1 011 k.

267
14. ~L~~ CL: 2+= 2
~L~~ L 7,5+37~5 +97,5 +127~5 :-8.

15.

v 2-2 ( ~ )+ 2

+ 2~. v -
2

~ ( L

v- 1 +(2+2) 1

LL

C~ ~C L -2~~+
v

16.

~L~~ :
2y=
2=y

17. ~C L L:
y+yz=l
+y=l
x+y+z=~

L L L ~L (x,y,z). ~~
CL x,y,z !L .

18. L~~

O<y <2
23:y

2 3 =y

19. L~~ iL.

2=2

2y=2

20. L~~ L
> 2y

2y<

:;;:<2.

:;;

y<

268

21.

C ci

y 2 +2y+=,

ci ~L~L 2 +2y+=

x,y

+y=2 ~.

22. ci [ . L:
(-)~+y~=,

(-)+y=,

~ - _ =2
2

23. Nci L~~

(x,y,z)(o,

;)

+y+z=yz

+y+z=lf3
24. Nci L~u . L~L
i) {+3)=3

ii) +(l-)=2(l-)
25. ci t\ . L :
=y~+~
:y~-~
:y~

2+ 2+

26.

y2

~=1.

' w
={y-z),

L~

y:(z-),

z=(-y)

x,y,z.

27. ." ~ ci L~L:

4=5~-5~,

4y=5~-5~

269
28. .' f~ .'
f L 3xty=

u L, ~L

u(2tl)

t2t(-l)

6lt

_ _ _ _ _:.__

lt

29. L~f
-y=

30.

2
3 ,

-y=

L~ L

31. L~

xty=

lt
2 ,

32. L~) .'L

Vlt 2 xtYlt 2 =
33. L~) .'
2()=(2)

34. ~ ~ lL

35. ,, ~L L f L
t=
L~~ L

iSii

()(t)()=.

36. L~)

270
37. :~Q

38. :

=(-1)

{.
:+v 1

(l+)

[6 []=

39. : : Cr,; ii
~ ~

-:

2:
.,2-

3:

40. ' x,y l ( ~ : :~

~=661-k 2 2 ~ iy,
r : :

26