kumar (kk24268) HW04 - Equil 1 mccord (51580) This print-out should have 14 questions.

ns. Multiple-choice questions may continue on the next column or page nd all choices before answering. 001 10.0 points An equilibrium in which processes occur continuously, with NO NET change, is called 1. heterogeneous equilibrium. 2. static equilibrium. 3. homogeneous equilibrium. 4. dynamic equilibrium. correct Explanation: For a system at dynamic equilibrium, although the concentrations of the components do not change, the processes continue to occur in the foward and reverse directions at the same rate. 002 10.0 points Explain why equilibium constants are dimensionless. 1. They are not really dimensionless but we must treat them as such in order to be able to take ln K in the expression G0 = R T ln K. 2. Every concentration or pressure that enters into Kc or Kp is really divided by the corresponding concentration or pressure of the substance in its standard state. correct 3. They are dimensionless because the pressures or concentrations we put in are all for the substances in their standard states. 4. The statement is not true. Equilibrium constants have units that involve some multiple of atmospheres or moles per liter. 5. They are dimensionless because concentrations and pressures have no units. Explanation:

The amount of each component is in terms of activity, which is the measured amount (concentration, pressure) divided by the amount of that component in its standard state in that unit. The units in the numerator and denominator are identical and cancel out. 003 10.0 points The expression for Kc for the reaction at equilibrium is 4 NH3 (g) + 5 O2 (g) 4 NO(g) + 6 H2 O(g) 1. [NH3 ]4 [O2 ]5 [NO]4 [H2 O]6

2. [NH3 ]4 [O2 ]5 3. [NO]4 [H2 O]6 correct [NH3 ]4 [O2 ]5

4. [NO]4 [H2 O ]6 Explanation: The equation must be written with the appropriate formula and correctly balanced. Kc is the equilibrium constant for species in solution and equals the mathematical product of the concentrations of the chemical products, divided by the mathematical product of the concentrations of the chemical reactants. In this mathematical expression, each concentration is raised to the power of its coecient in the balanced equation. For Kc the molar concentrations are used for the activities of the components. 004 10.0 points Consider the following reactions at 25 C: reaction 2 NO(g) N2 (g) + O2 (g) 2 H2 O(g) 2 H2 (g) + O2 (g) 2 CO(g) + O2 (g) 2 CO2 (g) Kc 1 1030 5 1082 3 1091

Which compound is most likely to dissociate and give O2 (g) at 25 C? 1. CO2 2. H2 O

kumar (kk24268) HW04 - Equil 1 mccord (51580) 3. NO correct 4. CO Explanation: Only two are dissociation reactions: dissociation of NO and dissociation of H2 O. Kc is greater for dissociation of NO. 005 10.0 points At 600 C, the equilibrium constant for the reaction
1 Kc =

[A] 1 1 = = 2 [B] Kc 2.78 105 = 3.59712 106

007 10.0 points Calculate the equilibrium constant at 25 C for a reaction for which G0 = 2.92 kcal/mol. 1. 138.228 2. 138.228 correct 3. 1382.28 4. 69.1138 5. 276.455 Explanation: T = 25 C + 273 = 298 K G0 = 2920 cal/mol At equilibrium G0 = R T ln K 2920 = (1.987 cal/mol K) (298.15 K)(ln K) K = 138.228

2 HgO(s) 2 Hg() + O2 (g) is 2.8. Calculate the equilibrium constant for the reaction 1 O2 (g) + Hg() HgO(s) . 2 1. 1.7 2. 0.36 3. 1.7 4. 0.60 correct 5. 1.1 Explanation:

008 006 10.0 points If Kc = 2.78 105 for the reaction A(g) 2 B(g) , what is Kc for the reaction written as 2 B(g) A(g) ? Correct answer: 3.59712 106 . Explanation: Kc, ini = 2.78 105 A(g) 2 B(g) , Kc = [B]2 [A] = 2.78 105 The reaction

10.0 points

A+ B C+ 2D has an equilibrium constant of 3.7 103 . Consider a reaction mixture with [A] = 2.0 102 M [C] = 2.4 106 M [B] = 1.7 104 M [D] = 3.5 103 M Which of the following statements is denitely true? 1. Heat will be evolved. 2. The system is at equilibrium. 3. The reverse reaction can occur to a

2 B(g) A(g)

kumar (kk24268) HW04 - Equil 1 mccord (51580) greater extent than the forward reaction until equilibrium is established. 4. The forward reaction can occur to a greater extent than the reverse reaction until equilibrium is established. correct 5. No conclusions about the system can be made without additional information. Explanation: [C] [D]2 (2.4 106 M) (0.0035 M)2 = [A] [B] (0.02 M) (0.00017 M) = 8.64706 106

010 10.0 points A 10.0 L vessel contains 0.0015 mole CO2 and 0.10 mole CO. If a small amount of carbon is added to this vessel and the temperature is raised to 1000 C CO2 (g) + C(s) 2 CO(g) , will more CO form? The value of Kc for this reaction is 1.17 at 1000 C. Assume that the volume of the gas in the vessel is 10.0 L. 1. No, the rate of the reverse reaction will increase to produce more CO2 . 2. Yes, the rate of the forward reaction will increase to produce more CO. correct 3. Unable to determine this from the data provided. Explanation: 0.1 mol 0.0015 mol [CO] = [CO2 ] = 10 L 10 L Carbon, being a solid, has no eect on equilibrium. 0.1 M 2 [CO] 10.0 [Q] = = 0.0015 [CO2 ] M 10.0 = 0.666667 < Kc = 1.17 Therefore equilibrium will shift to the right.
2

Q=

Since Q < K the foward reaction is favored. 009 The reaction N2 (g) + 3 H2 (g) 2 NH3 (g) , has an equilibrium constant of 4.0 108 at 25 C. What will eventually happen if 44.0 moles of NH3 , 0.452 moles of N2 , and 0.108 moles of H2 are put in a 10.0 liter container at 25 C? 1. Nothing; the system is at equilibrium. 2. More N2 and H2 will be formed. 3. More NH3 will be formed. correct Explanation: K = 4.0 108 0.452 mol [N2] = 10 L Q= [NH3 ] = 44.0 mol 10 L 0.108 mol [H2 ] = 10 L 10.0 points

011 10.0 points Kc = 2.6 108 at 825 K for the reaction 2 H2(g) + S2 (g) 2 H2S(g) The equilibrium concentration of H2 is 0.0020 M and that of S2 is 0.0010 M. What is the equilibrium concentration of H2 S? 1. 10 M 2. 1.02 M correct 3. 0.10 M 4. 0.0010 M

[NH3]2 [N2 ] [H2 ]3 (4.40 M)2 = (0.0452 M) (0.0108 M)3 = 3.4 108

Since Q < K equilibrium will shift to the right, forming more NH3 .

kumar (kk24268) HW04 - Equil 1 mccord (51580) Explanation: Kc = 2.6 108 [S2 ]eq = 0.0010 M [H2]eq = 0.0020 M 1. 0.171 2. 0.289 2 H2(g) + S2 2 H2 S [H2 S]2 Kc = [H2 ]2 [S2 ] [H2 S] = = Kc [H2 ]2 [S2 ] (2.6 108 ) (0.0020 M)2 (0.0010 M) 3. 3.46 correct 4. 2.64 5. 5.83 Explanation: PSO3 = 0.332 atm PO2 = 0.101 atm Kp =
2 PSO3 2 PSO2 PO2

= 1.0 M 012 10.0 points A mixture of PCl5 (g) and Cl2 (g) is placed into a closed container. At equilibrium it is found that [PCl5 ] = 0.7 M, [Cl2] = 0.41 M and [PCl3] = 0.1 M. PCl5 PCl3 + Cl2 What is the value of Kc for the reaction? 1. 0.0292857 2. 0.0585714 correct 3. 0.117143 4. 0.175714 5. 100 Explanation: [PCl5] = 0.7 M [PCl3] = 0.1 M [Cl2 ] = 0.41 M

PSO2 = 0.562 atm (0.332)2 = 3.46 (0.562)2(0.101)

014 10.0 points Consider the reaction 2 HgO(s) 2 Hg() + O2 (g) . What is the form of the equilibrium constant Kc for the reaction? 1. Kc = [Hg]2 [O2 ] [HgO]2

2. Kc = [Hg]2 [O2 ] 3. Kc = [O2 ] [HgO]2

4. None of the other answers is correct. 5. Kc = [O2 ] correct Explanation: Solids and liquids are not included in the K expression.

[Cl2] [PCl3] (0.41 M)(0.1 M) Kc = = [PCl5 ] 0.7 M = 0.0585714 M 013 10.0 points At 1000 K the equilibrium pressure of the three gases in one mixture 2 SO2 (g) + O2 (g) 2 SO3 (g) were found to be 0.562 atm SO2 , 0.101 atm O2 , and 0.332 atm SO3 . Calculate the value of Kp for the reaction as written.