10.

1 Early Ideas About Evolution

There were many important naturalists in the 18th century. Linnaeus: classification system from kingdom to species Buffon: species shared ancestors rather than arising separately E. Darwin: more-complex forms developed from lesscomplex forms Lamarck: environmental change leads to use or disuse of a structure

10.2 Darwins Observations

Darwin observed fossil and geologic evidence supporting an ancient Earth. Darwin found fossils of extinct animals that resemble modern animals. Darwin found fossil shells high up in the Andes mountains.

10.2 Darwins Observations

Darwin observed differences among island species. Variation is a difference in a physical trait. Galpagos tortoises that live in areas with tall plants have long necks and legs. Galpagos finches that live in areas with hard-shelled nuts have strong beaks.

10.2 Darwins Observations

Mr. Rosen asks: Did the tall plants create the tortoises longer necks or did the tortoises create the taller plants? Harriet, one of Darwins three tortoises/shipmates that he captured, died on June 23, 2006, just shy of her 176th birthday. The oldest tortoise so far has been 188 years old.