Polymer Handbook PDF

POLYMER HANDBOOK
FOURTH EDITION
Editors
J. BRANDRUP, E. H. IMMERGUT, and E. A. GRULKE

Associate Editors
A. ABE
D. R. BLOCH
A WILEY-INTERSCIENCE PUBLICATION
JOHNWlLEY & SONS, INC.

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Puhlication Data:
Polymer Handbook / Editors: J. Brandrup, E. H. Immergut, and
E. A. Grulke;
Associate Editors, A. Abe, D. R. Bloch. - 4th ed.
p.
cm.
"A Wiley-Interscience Publication."
Includes index.
ISBN 0-471-16628-6 (cloth : alk. paper)
1. PolymersTables. 2. PolymerizationTables. I. Brandrup, J.
II. Immergut, E. H. III. Grulke, Eric A.
QD388.P65 1999
547.7-dc21
98-37261
Printed in the United States of America.
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2
Contributors
Abe, A.
Tokyo Institute of Polytechnics, Atsugi, Japan
Allegra, G.
Dipartimento di Chimica del Politecnico, Milano, Italy
Andreeva, L. N.
Institute of High Molecular Weight Compounds, Russian
Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Andrews, R, J.
Chemical and Materials Engineering Department, University of
Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
Bai, F.
The Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, Univeristy
of Akron, Akron, USA
Bareiss, R. E.
Editorial Office, Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics,
Mainz, FR Germany
Barrales-Rienda, J. M.
Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Polfmeros, Madrid, Spain
Bello, A.
Bello, P.
Bloch, D. R.
Lakeshore Research, Racine, Wisconsin, USA
Brandrup, J.
Wiesbaden, FR Germany
Calhoun, B. H.
The Maurice Morton Institute of Polymers Science, University
of Akron, Akron USA
Casassa, E. F.
Department of Chemistry, Carneagfe-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
Cheng, S. Z. D.
The Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, University
of Akron, Akron, Ohio, USA
Chiu, F.-C.
Cho, J.
Polymer Science and Engineering Department, Dankook
University, Seoul, South Korea
Collins, E. A.
Avon Lake, Ohio, USA
Daniels, C. A.
The Geon Company, Avon Lake, Ohio, USA
DeLassus, P. T.
The Dow Chemical Company, Freeport, Texas, USA
Dixon, K. W.
Akzo Nobel Chemicals, Inc., Dobbs Ferry, New York, USA
Elias, H.-G.
Michigan Molecular Institute, Midland, Michigan, USA
Fink, G.
Max-Planck-Institut fur Kohlenforschung, Miilheim an der
Ruhr, FR Germany
Fink, H.-P.
Fraunhofer Institut fiir angewandte Polymerforschung, TeltowSeehof, FR Germany
Fouassier, J. P.
Laboratoire de Photochimie Generate, Ecole Nationale
Superieure de Chimie, Mulhouse, France
Fu, Q.
The Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer
Science, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, USA
Furuta, I.
Japan Synthetic Rubber Company Ltd., Yokkaichi, Mie,
Japan
Ganster, J.
Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research, TeltowSeehof, Germany
Greenley, R. Z.
Monsanto Corporation (retired), St. Louis, Missouri, USA
Grulke, E. A.
Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky,
Lexington, Kentucky, USA
Goh, S. H.
Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore,
Singapore
Guzman G. M.
Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologfa de Polfmeros, Madrid,
Spain
Hill, D. J. T.
Department of Chemistry, University of Queensland, St. Lucia,
Australia
Hiltner, A.
Department of Macromolecular Science, School of Engineering
Case Western University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
Inomata, K.
Department of Polymer Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Iwama, M.
Japan
Jenkins, A. D.
School of Chemistry, Physics and Environmental Science,
University of Sussex, Brighton, Sussex, UK
Jenkins, J.
University of Sussex, Brighton, Sussex, UK
Johnson, M.
Chemistry/Physics Library, University of Kentucky, Lexington,
Kentucky, USA
Kamachi, M.
Department of Applied Physics and Chemistry, Fukui University of Technology, Gakuen, Fukui, Japan
Kerbow, D. L.
DuPont Fluoroproducts, Wilmington, Delaware, USA
Kimura, S.-L
Japan
Korte, S.
Zentrale Ferschung, Bayer AG, Leverkunsen, FR Germany
Krause, S.
Department of Chemistry, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,
Troy, New York, USA
Kurata, M.
Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto,
Japan
Lechner, M. D.
Physikalische Chemie, Universitat Osnabriick, Osnabriick, FR
Germany
Leonard, J.
Department de Chimie and CERSIM, Universite Laval,
Quebec, Canada
Li, F.
Muck, K.-F.
Ticona GmbH, Kelsterbach, FR Germany
Nagai, S.
Plastics Technical Association, Osaka, Japan
Nordmeier, E.
Physikalische Chemie, Universitat Osnabriick, Osnabriick
FR Germany
Ogo, Y.
Research Institute for Solvothermal Technology, Hayashi,
Takamatsu, Kagawa, Japan
Orwoll, R. A.
College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, USA
Pauly, S.
Fachlaboratorium fur Permeationspriifung, Wiesbaden,
FR Germany
Peebles, L. H., Jr.
Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington,
DC, USA
Perera, M. C. S.
Magnetic Resonance Facility, School of Science, Griffith
University, Nathan, Australia
Porzio, W.
Instituto di Chimica delle Macromolecole del C.N.R., Milano,
Italy
Pyda, M.
Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville,
Tennessee, USA
Liggat, J.
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of
Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland
Quirk, R. P.
Lindemann, M.
Greenville, South Carolina, USA
Luft, G.
Institut fur Chemische Technologie, Technische Hochschule,
Darmstadt, FR Germany
Riande, E.
Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Polimeros, Madrid,
Spain
Magill, J. H.
School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania, USA
McKenna, T. F.
Centre Nationale de Ia Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire de
Chimie et Procedes de Polymerisation/Departement Genie des
Procedes, Villeurbanne, France
Mehta, R. H.
Dupont Nylon, Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA
Mettle, S. V.
Dipartimento di Chimica del Politecnico, Milano, Italy
Metanomski, W. V.
Chemical Abstracts Service, Columbus, Ohio, USA
Michielsen, S.
School of Textile and Fiber Engineering, Georgia Institute of
Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Miller, R. L.
Michigan Molecular Institute, Midland, Michigan, USA
Morita, Y.
Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Takasaki,
Gunma-ken, Japan
Richter, W. J.
Max-Planck-Institut fur Kohlenforschung, Miilheim an der
Ruhr, FR Germany
Rothe, M.
University of UIm, UIm, FR Germany
Rule, M.
Coca Cola Company, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Salort, J. F.
Madrid, Spain
Salom, C.
Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieros Aeronauticos, Universidad Politecnica, Madrid, Spain
Sanchez, I. C.
Chemical Engineering Department, University of Texas at
Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
Santos, A. M.
Faculdade de Engenharia Quimica de Lorena - FAENQUIL,
Lorena, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Schoff, C. K.
PPG Industries, Allison Park, Pennsylvania, USA
Schuld, N.
Institut fur Physikalische Chemie, Universitat Mainz, Mainz,
FR Germany
Seferis, J. C.
Chemical Engineering Department, University of Washington,
Seattle, Washington, USA
Seguchi, T.
Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Takasaki, Gunma-ken,
Japan
Wagener, K. B.
Department of Chemistry and Center for Macromolecular
Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville,
Florida, USA
Whiteman, N. F.
The Dow Chemical Company, Freeport, Texas, USA
Schrader, D.
The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan, USA
Witenhafer, D. E.
Dublin, Ohio, USA
Sperati, C. A.
Chemical Engineering Department, Ohio University, Athens,
Ohio, USA
Wolf, B. A.
Institut fur Physikalische Chemie, Universitat Mainz, Mainz,
FR Germany
Steinmeier, D. G.
Physikalische Chemie, Universitat Osnabriick, Osnabruck,
FR Germany
Wu, S.
E. I. DuPont de Nemours, Central Research and Development
Department, Experimental Station, Wilmington, Delaware
Tsunashima, Y.
Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto,
Japan
Wunderlich, B.
Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville,
Tennessee, USA
Tsvetkov, N. V.
Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Wunderlich, W.
ROHM GmbH, Darmstadt, FR Germany
Tsvetkov, V. N.
Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Yamada, B.
Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Technology,
Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, Japan
Ueda, A.
Osaka Municipal Technical Research Institute, Morinomiya,
Joto-ku, Osaka, Japan
Zhu, L.
Preface
The purpose of the Polymer Handbook is to bring together
the data and constants needed in theoretical and experimental polymer research. All polymer researchers have
experienced the frustration of searching for data in the everexpanding polymer literature and know the difficulties
involved in trying to locate a particular constant that is
buried in a long journal article. The contributors to this
Handbook have taken on the arduous task of searching the
literature and compiling the data and constants that polymer
chemists, polymer physicists, and polymer engineers are
likely to need.
The 520 and odd tables in this Handbook are divided into
eight sections. The first lists the IUPAC nomenclature rules
for polymers and the International System of Units.
Although several naming conventions exist in the technical
literature, IUPAC names permit a consistent listing of all
polymers. Section II contains data and constants needed for
polymer synthesis, kinetic mechanisms, and thermodynamic studies of polymerization and depolymerization
reactions. Sections III and IV contain physical constants
of monomers, solvents, and oligomers. Section V lists the
physical constants of many important commercial polymers. Section VI and VII cover the solid state properties of
polymers and the properties of polymer solutions. Section
VIII of the Handbook lists the commonly used abbreviations or acronyms for polymers and Chemical Abstract
Registry Numbers, and gives suggestions for electronic data
searching for polymer information. This section should also
be consulted in the few cases where contributors have not
used IUPAC nomenclature.
As in the previous editions, the Polymer Handbook
concentrates on synthetic polymers, poly(saccharides) and
derivatives, and oligomers. Few data on biopolymers are
included. Spectroscopic data as well as data needed by
engineers and designers, such as mechanical and rheological data, are minimized, since many excellent compilations
exist elsewhere. Only fundamental constants and parameters that refer to the polymer molecule, that describe the
solid state of polymer molecules, or that describe polymer
solutions, were compiled. Constants that depend on
processing conditions or on sample history were not
emphasized, as they can be found in existing plastics
handbooks and encyclopedias.
A critical evaluation of the values published in the

literature was not attempted, since such a task would have
required an inordinate amount of time and a sizable staff.
Therefore, the users of this Handbook should consult the
original literature for details when in doubt about the
validity of any data. (The authors of the individual tables
were nevertheless requested to eliminate obviously erroneous data from otherwise complete compilations.)
The Fourth Edition revisions have focused on data
generated in the ten years since the publication of the Third
Edition. Therefore, a completely revised Polymer Handbook has been prepared. We have added new tables and
incorporated a large amount of new data into existing
tables. As a result, the Fourth Edition contains approximately twenty-five percent more data, and the number of
pages has increased from about 1850 in the Third Edition to
about 2250.
We hope that this new edition will be as useful to the
polymer research community as the three earlier editions
and that many of the Polymer Handbook's previous users
will also obtain the Fourth Edition for their laboratory and
library.
The publisher plans a CD-ROM for the Polymer
Handbook in the near future. We would be grateful if our
contributors and users send us any new data they
accumulate in the course of their research, and any errors,
misprints, omissions and other flaws. We will pass on such
data to the publisher, for the polymer database, and for
future editions of this Handbook.
We would like to thank all of the contributors to the
Polymer Handbook for their help and continued patience.
The staff at John Wiley, especially Carla Fjerstad, Shirley
Thomas, and Jacqueline Kroschwitz, have provided excellent help and support in getting all the work done. We hope
that the outstanding efforts of all these people will find due
appreciation among the users of this Handbook.
July, 1998
J. Brandrup
E. H. Immergut
E. A. Grulke
A. Abe
D. R. Bloch
Contents
Contributors .............................................................................................................................
Preface ....................................................................................................................................
ix
I.
Nomenclature Rules Units
Nomenclature ...............................................................................................................................................
I/1
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
I/1
B. IUPAC Recommendations ..................................................................................................

1.
Source-based Nomenclature ..................................................................................
1.1
Homopolymers ........................................................................................
1.2
Copolymers .............................................................................................
1.3
Nonlinear Macromolecules and Macromolecular Assemblies ................
2.
Structure-based Nomenclature ...............................................................................
2.1
Regular Single-strand Organic Polymers ...............................................
2.2
Regular Double-strand Organic Polymers ..............................................
2.3
Regular Single-strand Inorganic and Coordination Polymers .................
2.4
Regular Quasi-single-strand Coordination Polymers ..............................
2.5
Irregular Single-strand Organic Polymers ...............................................
I/1
I/2
I/2
I/2
I/3
I/3
I/3
I/6
I/6
I/7
I/7
C. Use of Common and Semisystematic Names .....................................................................
I/8
D. Chemical Abstracts (CA) Index Names ...............................................................................
I/8
E. Polymer Class Names ........................................................................................................
I/11
F. References .........................................................................................................................
I/12
Units .............................................................................................................................................................
I/13
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
I/13
B. International Units ..............................................................................................................
I/13
C. SI-prefixes ..........................................................................................................................
I/14
D. Conversion Factors ............................................................................................................
I/14
E. Conversion Table for SI vs. English-american Units ...........................................................
I/17
II.
Polymerization and Depolymerization
Decomposition Rates of Organic Free Radical Initiators ............................................................................
II/1
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
II/1
B. Tables of Decomposition Rates of Organic Free Radical Initiators .....................................

Table 1. Azonitriles ...............................................................................................................
Table 2. Miscellaneous Azo-derivatives ................................................................................
II/2
II/2
II/9
This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.
xi
xii
Contents
Table 3.
Table 4.
Table 5.
Table 6.
Table 7.
Alkyl Peroxides .......................................................................................................

Acyl Peroxides ........................................................................................................
Hydroperoxides and Ketone Peroxides ..................................................................
Peresters and Peroxycarbonates ............................................................................
Miscellaneous Initiators ...........................................................................................
II/23
II/29
II/43
II/48
II/67
C. Notes ..................................................................................................................................
II/69
D. References .........................................................................................................................
II/70
Propagation and Termination Constants in Free Radical Polymerization ..................................................
II/77
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
II/77
B. Tables of
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 4.
Table 5.
Table 6.
Table 7.
Table 8.
Table 9.
Table 10.
Table 11.
Table 12.
Table 13.
Propagation and Termination Constants .............................................................

Dienes .....................................................................................................................
Olefins .....................................................................................................................
Acrylic Derivatives ...................................................................................................
Methacrylic Derivatives ...........................................................................................
Itaconic Derivatives .................................................................................................
Fumaric Derivatives ................................................................................................
Vinyl Halides ...........................................................................................................
Vinyl Esters .............................................................................................................
Vinyl Ethers .............................................................................................................
Styrene Derivatives .................................................................................................
Vinyl Heteroaromatics .............................................................................................
Aldehydes ...............................................................................................................
Others .....................................................................................................................
II/79
II/79
II/79
II/80
II/82
II/85
II/87
II/87
II/87
II/88
II/88
II/90
II/90
II/90
C. References .........................................................................................................................
II/91
Transfer Constants to Monomers, Polymers, Catalysts and Initiators, Solvents and Additives, and
Sulfur Compounds in Free Radical Polymerization ...........................................................................
II/97
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
II/97
B. Tables of Transfer Constants .............................................................................................

Table 1. Transfer Constants to Monomers ...........................................................................
Table 2. Transfer Constants to Polymers .............................................................................
Table 3. Transfer Constants to Catalysts and Initiators ........................................................
Table 4. Transfer Constants to Solvents and Additives ........................................................
Table 5. Transfer Constants to Sulfur Compounds ...............................................................
II/98
II/98
II/103
II/106
II/110
II/150
C. Remarks .............................................................................................................................
II/157
D. References .........................................................................................................................
II/159
Photopolymerization Reactions ...................................................................................................................
II/169
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
II/169
B. Tables ................................................................................................................................
Table 1. Rate Constants of Cleavage, Electron Transfer and Monomer Quenching in
Radical Photoinitiators ............................................................................................
Annex to Table 1. Photoinitiator Compound Chemistries ......................................
II/170
II/170
II/173
Contents
Table 2. Bimolecular Rate Constants for the Reaction of Phosphonyl Radicals with
Various Monomers in Cyclohexane at Room Temperature ....................................
Table 3. Bimolecular Rate Constants for the Reaction of Various Radicals with
Various Olefinic Monomers at Room Temperature .................................................
Table 4. Bimolecular Rate Constants for the Reaction of Ph2P = O and Ph2P = S with
Various Monomers ..................................................................................................
Table 5. Electron Transfer Reaction of Radicals with Diphenyliodonium Salts ....................
Table 6. Electron Transfer Rate Constants (ke) between Photosensitizers and
Cationic Photoinitiators and Quenching Rate Constants (kq) for Cyclohexene
Oxide in Methanol (M) and Acetonitrile (AN) ..........................................................
Table 7. Excitation Transfer Rate Constants (kT) for Thioxanthones and
Photoinitiators .........................................................................................................
Annex to Table 7. Compound Chemistries ............................................................
Table 8. Triplet State Lifetimes (T) of the Sensitizer (TXI) in Different Media, and
Rate Constant (kT) of the Interaction between TXI and TPMK ...............................
Table 9. Some Values of the Triplet State Energy Levels of Photoinitiators and
Monomers ...............................................................................................................
Table 10. Values of 0T, T, and kba in Solution ........................................................................
Table 11. Rate Constant of Interaction of Ketones and Light Stabilizers in Solution ..............
Annex to Table 11 ...................................................................................................
xiii
II/176
II/176
II/176
II/176
II/177
II/178
II/178
II/179
II/179
II/179
II/179
II/179
C. References .........................................................................................................................
II/180
Free Radical Copolymerization Reactivity Ratios .......................................................................................
II/181
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
II/181
B. Tables ................................................................................................................................
Table 1. Copolymer Reactivity Ratios ...................................................................................
Acenaphthalene to Fumarate, bis(3-chloro-2-butyl) ................................................
Fumarate, di-(2-chloroethyl) to N-N-divinylaniline ...................................................
N-vinylimidazole to Styrene, p-2-(2-hydroxypropyl)- ...............................................
Styrene, p-4-methoxyphenyl ketone to Vinylbenzoate, p-, sodium .........................
Vinylbenzoic acid, p- to Xanthate, S-methacryloyl O-ethyl .....................................
Table 2. Listing of Quick Basic (Microsoft) Program for Calculating Reactivity Ratios .........
II/182
II/182
II/182
II/212
II/241
II/268
II/285
II/288
C. References .........................................................................................................................
II/290
Q and e Values for Free Radical Copolymerizations of Vinyl Monomers and Telogens ...........................
II/309
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
II/309
B. Q and e
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 4.
Values for Free Radical Copolymerizations ..........................................................

Monomers ...............................................................................................................
Telogens .................................................................................................................
Monomers Arranged by Q Values ...........................................................................
Monomers Arranged by e Values ...........................................................................
II/310
II/310
II/314
II/314
II/317
C. References .........................................................................................................................
II/319
Patterns of Reactivity (U,V) Parameters for the Prediction of Monomer Reactivity Ratios and
Transfer Constants in Radical Polymerization ...................................................................................
II/321
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
II/321
xiv
Contents
B. Example .............................................................................................................................
II/322
C. Transfer Constants .............................................................................................................
II/322
D. Tables of Parameters .........................................................................................................

Table 1. Monomers ...............................................................................................................
Table 2. Transfer Agent ........................................................................................................
II/323
II/323
II/326
E. References .........................................................................................................................
II/327
Copolymerization Parameters of Metallocene-catalyzed Copolymerizations ............................................
II/329
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
II/329
B. A Brief Theoretical Outline of Copolymerization Reactions .................................................

1.
First-order Markov Model ........................................................................................
2.
Second-order Markov Model ...................................................................................
II/329
II/330
II/330
C. Calculation of the Copolymerization Parameters ................................................................

1.
First-order Markov Model ........................................................................................
1.1.
Copolymerization Parameters Deduced from the Mayo-lewis
Equation ..................................................................................................
1.2.
Determination of Copolymerization Parameters from the
Sequence Distribution (Triad Distribution) ..............................................
2.
Second-order Markov Model ...................................................................................
3.
Example ..................................................................................................................
II/331
II/331
D. Table of Copolymerization Parameters ...............................................................................
II/333
E. List of Catalysts/Cocatalysts Used .....................................................................................
II/336
F. References .........................................................................................................................
II/336
Rates of Polymerization and Depolymerization, Average Molecular Weights, and Molecular

Weight Distribution of Polymers .........................................................................................................
II/339
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
II/339
B. Reference Tables for the Calculation of Rates of Polymerization, Average Molecular

Weights, and Molecular Weight Distributions of Polymers for Various Types of
Polymerization ....................................................................................................................
Table 1. Addition Polymerization with Termination ...............................................................
Table 2. Addition Polymerization - "Living" Polymers with Partial Deactivation ....................
Table 3. Linear Condensation Polymerization without Ring Formation ................................
Table 4. Equilibrium Polymerization ......................................................................................
Table 5. Nonlinear Polymerization Systems .........................................................................
Table 6. Degradation of Polymers - May Be Accompanied by Crosslinking .........................
Table 7. Influence of Reactor Conditions and Design on the Molecular Weight
Distribution ..............................................................................................................
II/340
II/341
II/344
II/346
II/347
II/348
II/350
C. Some Distribution Functions and Their Properties ..............................................................

1.
Normal Distribution Function (Gaussian Distribution) .............................................
2.
Logarithmic Normal Distribution Function ...............................................................
3.
Generalized Exponential Distribution ......................................................................
4.
Poisson Distribution ................................................................................................
II/352
II/353
II/353
II/354
II/354
II/331
II/331
II/332
II/332
II/352
Contents
xv
D. Molecular Weight Distribution in Condensation Polymers: the Stockmayer

Distribution Function ...........................................................................................................
II/354
E. References .........................................................................................................................
II/356
Heats and Entropies of Polymerization, Ceiling Temperatures, Equilibrium Monomer

Concentrations, and Polymerizability of Heterocyclic Compounds ...................................................
II/363
A. Heats of Polymerization ......................................................................................................

Table 1. Monomers Giving Polymers Containing Carbon Atoms Only in the Main
Chain .......................................................................................................................
1.1
With Acyclic Carbons Only in the Main Chain ........................................
II/365
1.1.1 Dienes ..............................................................................................
II/365
1.1.2 Monomers Giving Polymers with or without Aliphatic Side

Chains That Contain Only C, H ........................................................
II/365
1.1.3 Monomers Giving Polymers with Aliphatic Side Chains That

Contain Heteroatoms .......................................................................
II/368
1.1.4 Monomers Giving Polymers with Aromatic Side Chains That

Contain Only C, H ............................................................................
II/371
1.1.5 Monomers Giving Polymers with Aromatic Side Chains and

That Contain Heteroatoms ...............................................................
1.2
With Aromatic or Cyclic Carbons in the Main Chain ...............................
Table 2. Monomers Giving Polymers Containing Heteroatoms in the Main Chain ...............
2.1
Monomers Giving Polymers Containing O in the Main Chain,
Bonded to Carbon Only ..........................................................................
II/365
II/365
II/371
II/372
II/373
II/373
2.1.1 Ethers and Acetals ...........................................................................
II/373
2.1.2 Cyclic Esters .....................................................................................

2.2
Bonded to Other Heteroatoms (S, Si, P) ................................................
2.3
Monomers Giving Polymers Containing S in the Main Chain,
Bonded in the Chain to Carbon Only ......................................................
2.4
Monomers Giving Polymers Containing N in the Main Chain,
2.5
Bonded to Other Heteroatoms (P) ..........................................................
2.6
Other Monomers Giving Polymers Not Listed Above .............................
Table 3. Copolymers .............................................................................................................
II/376
II/377
II/378
II/378
II/379
II/379
II/380
B. Entropies of Polymerization ................................................................................................

Table 4. Monomers Giving Polymers Containing Main Chain Carbon Only .........................
4.1
Main Chain Acyclic Carbon Only ............................................................
II/381
II/382
II/382
4.1.1 Dienes ..............................................................................................
II/382
4.1.2 Monomers Giving Polymers without or with Aliphatic Side

Chains That Contain Only C, H ........................................................
II/382
4.1.3 Monomers Giving Polymers with Aliphatic Side Chains That

II/384
xvi
Contents
Contain Only C, H ............................................................................
II/385

II/385
4.1.6 Other Monomers Giving Polymers Not Listed Above ......................

4.2
With Aromatic or Cyclic Carbons in the Main Chain ...............................
Table 5. Monomers Giving Polymers Containing Heteroatoms in the Main Chain ...............
5.1
Bonded to Carbon Only ..........................................................................
II/386
II/386
II/387
5.1.1 Ethers and Acetals ...........................................................................
II/387
5.1.2 Cyclic Esters .....................................................................................

5.2
Bonded to Other Heteroatoms (S, Si, P) ................................................
5.3
5.4
Other Monomers Giving Polymers Not Listed Above .............................
II/390
C. Ceiling Temperatures and Equilibrium Monomer Concentrations .......................................

1.
Equilibria Involving Pure Liquid Monomers .............................................................
Table 7. Monomers Giving Polymers Containing Main Chain Acyclic
Carbon Only ............................................................................................
Table 8. Monomers Giving Polymers Containing Heteroatoms in the Main
Chain ......................................................................................................
8.1
II/391
II/391
II/392
II/392
II/393
II/394
II/394
II/395

Bonded to Carbon Only ....................................................................
II/395

Bonded to Other Heteroatoms (S, P, Si) .........................................
II/396
Monomers Giving Polymers Containing S in the Main Chain,

Bonded in the Chain to Carbon Only ...............................................
II/396

II/397
8.5 Other Monomers Giving Polymers Not Listed Above ......................

Equilibria Involving Gaseous Monomers .................................................................
Equilibria Involving Monomers in Solution ..............................................................
Table 9. Monomers Giving Polymers Containing Main Chain Carbon Only .........
II/397
II/397
II/398
II/398
8.2
8.3
8.4
2.
3.
II/387
9.1
Monomers Giving Polymers Containing Main Chain Acyclic

Carbon Only .....................................................................................
II/398
9.2
Monomers Giving Polymers Containing Main Chain Cyclic

Carbon ..............................................................................................
Table 10. Monomers Giving Polymers Containing Heteroatoms in the Main
Chain ......................................................................................................
II/399
10.1 Monomers Giving Polymers Containing O in the Main Chain,

Bonded to Carbon Only ....................................................................
II/399
II/399
Contents
xvii
10.2 Monomers Giving Polymers Containing O in the Main Chain,

Bonded to Other Heteroatoms (Si, P) ..............................................
II/400
10.3 Monomers Giving Polymers Containing S in the Main Chain,

II/400
10.4 Monomers Giving Polymers Containing N in the Main Chain,

Table 11. Copolymers .............................................................................................
II/400
II/401
11.1 1:1 Copolymers ................................................................................
II/401
11.2 General Copolymers ........................................................................
II/401
D. Polymerizability of 5-, 6-, and 7-membered Heterocyclic Ring Compounds ........................

Table 12. 5-membered Ring Compounds ...............................................................................
Table 15. Comparison of Polymerizability (+ or -)of Unsubstituted 5-, 6- and
7-membered Ring Compounds ...............................................................................
II/401
II/402
II/403
II/404
E. Notes ..................................................................................................................................
II/406
F. References .........................................................................................................................
II/407
Activation Energies of Propagation and Termination in Free Radical Polymerization ...............................
II/415
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
II/415
B. Tables ................................................................................................................................
Table 1. Dienes .....................................................................................................................
Table 2. Olefins .....................................................................................................................
Table 3. Acrylic Derivatives ...................................................................................................
Table 4. Methacrylic Derivatives ...........................................................................................
Table 5. Vinyl Halogens ........................................................................................................
Table 6. Vinyl Ethers and Vinyl Esters ..................................................................................
Table 7. Styrene and Derivatives ..........................................................................................
Table 8. Vinyl Heteroaromatics .............................................................................................
Table 9. Miscellaneous Compounds .....................................................................................
II/416
II/416
II/416
II/417
II/418
II/420
II/421
II/421
II/422
II/423
C. References .........................................................................................................................
II/424
Activation Volumes of Polymerization Reactions ........................................................................................
II/429
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
II/429
II/405
B. Activation Volumes (sm /mol) of Some Polymerization Reactions ......................................
II/432
C. Activation Volumes of Initiator Decomposition ....................................................................
II/435
D. Activation Volumes of Chain Propagation ...........................................................................
II/435
E. Activation Volumes of Chain Termination ...........................................................................
II/436
F. Activation Volumes of Chain Transfer Reactions ................................................................
II/436
G. Influence of Pressure on Copolymerization ........................................................................

Table 1. Copolymerization Parameters .................................................................................
Table 2. Reactivity Ratios of Terpolymerization ....................................................................
Table 3. Activation Volumes .................................................................................................
Table 4. Q, e Values .............................................................................................................
II/437
II/437
II/438
II/439
II/440
xviii
Contents
H. References .........................................................................................................................
II/440
Activation Enthalpies and Entropies of Stereocontrol in Free Radical Polymerizations .............................
II/445
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
II/445
B. Tables ................................................................................................................................
Table 1. Ratios of Some i-ADS for Different Mechanisms ....................................................
Table 2. Ratios of Rate Constants for Markov First Order Mechanisms ...............................
Table 3. H++s/i - H++i/s and S++s/i - S++i/s of Free Radical Polymerizations in
Different Solvents ....................................................................................................
Table 4. Activation Enthalpy Differences (H++A - H++B) Calculated from Various
Literature Data ........................................................................................................
Table 5. Activation Entropy Differences (S++A - S++B) Calculated from Various
Literature Data ........................................................................................................
Table 6. Calculated Compensation Temperatures T0 and Compensation Enthalpies
H++0 for Various Monomers and Modes of Addition, Assuming Markov
First Order Trials .....................................................................................................
II/446
II/446
II/446
C. References .........................................................................................................................
II/450
Products of Thermal Degradation of Polymers ...........................................................................................
II/451
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
II/451
B. Tables ................................................................................................................................
Table 1. Main-chain Acyclic Carbon Polymers .....................................................................
Table 2. Main-chain Carbocyclic Polymers ...........................................................................
Table 3. Main-chain Heteroatom Polymers ...........................................................................
Table 4. Main-chain Heterocyclic Polymers ..........................................................................
Table 5. Cellulose and Its Derivatives ...................................................................................
II/451
II/451
II/464
II/465
II/473
II/475
C. References .........................................................................................................................
II/475
Radiation Chemical Yields: G Values ..........................................................................................................
II/481
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
II/481
B. Tables of G Values .............................................................................................................

Table 1. Homopolymers ........................................................................................................
1.1
Polydienes ..............................................................................................
1.2
Polyolefins ..............................................................................................
1.3
Polyacrylates ..........................................................................................
1.4
Poly(methacrylates) ................................................................................
1.5
Poly(styrenes) .........................................................................................
1.6
Poly(vinyls) .............................................................................................
II/481
II/482
II/482
II/482
II/483
II/484
II/485
II/486
1.6.1 Acrylamides and Nitriles ...................................................................
II/486
1.6.2 Vinyl Monomers ................................................................................

Miscellaneous Polymers .........................................................................
II/486
II/487
1.7.1 Cellulose and Derivatives .................................................................
II/487
1.7.2 Poly(siloxanes) .................................................................................
II/487
1.7.3 Poly(amino Acids) ............................................................................
II/487
1.7.4 Polyesters .........................................................................................
II/488
1.7
II/447
II/448
II/449
II/449
Contents
III.
xix
1.7.5 Polysulfones .....................................................................................
II/488
1.7.6 Polyketones ......................................................................................
II/488
1.7.7 Fluoropolymers .................................................................................
II/488
1.7.8 Others ...............................................................................................

2.1
Copolymers with Ethylene ......................................................................
2.2
Copolymers with Methyl Methacrylate ....................................................
2.3
Copolymers with Styrene ........................................................................
2.4
Copolymers with Sulfur Dioxide ..............................................................
2.5
Other Copolymers ...................................................................................
Table 3. Polymers Blends .....................................................................................................
Table 4. Composites .............................................................................................................
II/489
II/490
II/490
II/490
II/491
II/491
II/492
II/493
II/493
C. References .........................................................................................................................
II/493
Physical Properties of Monomers and Solvents
Physical Properties of Monomers ................................................................................................................
III/1
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
III/1
B. Tables of
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 4.
Table 5.
Table 6.
Table 7.
Table 8.
Table 9.
Table 10.
Table 11.
Physical Properties .............................................................................................

Acetylenes ..............................................................................................................
Acid Dichlorides ......................................................................................................
Acroleins .................................................................................................................
Acrylamides/Methacrylamides ................................................................................
4.1
Acrylamides ............................................................................................
4.2
Methacrylamide ......................................................................................
Acrylates/Methacrylates ..........................................................................................
5.1
Acrylate, Acids/Esters .............................................................................
5.2
Methacrylate, Acids/Esters .....................................................................
Alcohols ..................................................................................................................
6.1
Alkanediols .............................................................................................
6.2
Ether Diols ..............................................................................................
Allyl Functional ........................................................................................................
Amines, Difunctional ...............................................................................................
Anhydrides ..............................................................................................................
9.1
Monoanhydrides .....................................................................................
9.2
Dianhydrides ...........................................................................................
Butadienes ..............................................................................................................
10.1
1,2-butadienes ........................................................................................
10.2
1,3-butadienes ........................................................................................
Butenes ...................................................................................................................
11.1
1-butenes ................................................................................................
11.2
2-butenes ................................................................................................
III/4
III/4
III/4
III/4
III/4
III/4
III/6
III/8
III/8
III/12
III/16
III/16
III/18
III/18
III/20
III/20
III/20
III/24
III/24
III/24
III/24
III/26
III/26
III/26
xx
Contents
Table 12. Epoxides .................................................................................................................
12.1
Monoepoxides ........................................................................................
12.2
Diepoxides ..............................................................................................
Table 13. Ethylene Halides .....................................................................................................
Table 14. Fumaric, Acids/Esters .............................................................................................
Table 15. lsocyanates .............................................................................................................
Table 16. Lactams ..................................................................................................................
Table 17. Lactones .................................................................................................................
Table 18. Maleate, Acids/Esters .............................................................................................
Table 19. Propenes .................................................................................................................
Table 20. Styrenes ..................................................................................................................
Table 21. Vinyl Functional .......................................................................................................
21.1
Aryl ..........................................................................................................
21.2
Esters ......................................................................................................
21.3
Ethers .....................................................................................................
21.4
N-substituted ...........................................................................................
21.5
Sulfonates ...............................................................................................
III/26
III/26
III/28
III/28
III/30
III/30
III/32
III/32
III/32
III/32
III/34
III/36
III/36
III/36
III/38
III/38
III/40
Isorefractive and Isopycnic Solvent Pairs ....................................................................................................
III/43
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
III/43
B. Table of Isorefractive and Isopycnic Solvent Pairs ..............................................................
III/43
Refractive Indices of Common Solvents .....................................................................................................
III/55
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
III/55
B. Table of Refractive Indices of Common Solvents ...............................................................
III/55
Physical Constants of the Most Common Solvents for Polymers ...............................................................
III/59
IV.
Physical Data of Oligomers
Physical Data of Oligomers .........................................................................................................................
IV/1
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
IV/2
B. Oligomers Containing Main Chain Acyclic Carbon Only .....................................................

Table 1. Oligo(olefins) ...........................................................................................................
1.1.
Oligo(methylenes) and Oligo(ethylenes) ................................................
1.2.
Oligo(perfluoromethylenes) and Oligo(perfluoroethylenes) ....................
1.3.
Oligo(isobutenes) ....................................................................................
1.4.
Oligo(1-alkenylenes) ...............................................................................
References ..............................................................................................................
Table 2. Oligo(dienes) ...........................................................................................................
2.1.
Oligomers of 1,3-butadiene ....................................................................
2.2.
Oligomers of lsoprene .............................................................................
2.3.
Oligomers of 1,3-butadiene Derivatives ..................................................
2.4.
1,4-oligo(alkadienes) ..............................................................................
2.5.
Oligomers of Cyclopentadiene and 1,3-cyclohexadiene .........................
IV/3
IV/3
IV/3
IV/6
IV/8
IV/9
IV/9
IV/14
IV/14
IV/15
IV/16
IV/16
IV/17
Contents
xxi
2.6.
Oligomers of Allene ................................................................................
References ..............................................................................................................
Table 3. Oligo(acetylenes) ....................................................................................................
3.1.
Linear Oligomers of Acetylene ................................................................
3.2.
Polyenyne Oligomers ..............................................................................
3.3.
Oligomeric --diynes ............................................................................
3.4.
Oligo(alkynes) .........................................................................................
3.5.
Cyclic Oligo(alkynes) ..............................................................................
3.6.
Pericyclynes ............................................................................................
References ..............................................................................................................
Table 4. Oligomers with Aliphatic Side Chains Which in Addition Contain
Heteroatoms ...........................................................................................................
4.1.
Oligomeric Acrylic Derivatives ................................................................
4.2.
Oligomeric Methacrylic Derivatives .........................................................
4.3.
Oligomers of -alkyl Substituted Vinyl Derivatives .................................
4.4.
Oligo(vinyl) Derivatives ...........................................................................
References ..............................................................................................................
Table 5. Oligo(styrenes) ........................................................................................................
References ..............................................................................................................
IV/17
IV/18
IV/19
IV/19
IV/20
IV/20
IV/20
IV/20
IV/21
IV/21
C. Oligomers Contaning Heteroatoms in the Main Chain ........................................................

Table 6. Oligomers Containing O in the Main Chain .............................................................
6.1.
Oligo(ethers) and Oligo(acetals) .............................................................
IV/33
IV/33
IV/33
6.2.
References ..................................................................................................
Oligo(carbonates) ...................................................................................
IV/43
IV/47
6.3.
References ..................................................................................................
Oligo(esters) ...........................................................................................
IV/47
IV/48
6.4.
References ..................................................................................................
Oligo(urethanes) .....................................................................................
IV/56
IV/58
References ..................................................................................................
Table 7. Oligo(sulfides) and Oligo(selenides) .......................................................................
7.1.
Cyclic Oligo(thiomethylenes) and Oligo(Selenomethylenes) ..................
7.2.
Cyclic Oligo(thioalkylenes) ......................................................................
7.3.
Substituted Cyclic(thioethylenes) ............................................................
7.4.
Cyclic Co-oligomers of Formaldehyde and Thioformaldehyde ...............
7.5.
Cyclic Oligo(ether Sulfides) ....................................................................
7.6.
Thiacyclophanes .....................................................................................
References ..............................................................................................................
Table 8. Oligomers Containing N in the Main Chain .............................................................
8.1.
Oligo(amides) .........................................................................................
IV/61
IV/62
IV/62
IV/62
IV/62
IV/62
IV/63
IV/63
IV/63
IV/64
IV/64
References ..................................................................................................
Oligo(peptides) .......................................................................................
IV/70
IV/72
References ..................................................................................................
IV/84
8.2.
IV/22
IV/22
IV/24
IV/26
IV/27
IV/28
IV/30
IV/32
xxii
Contents
8.3.
Oligo(imines) ...........................................................................................
IV/88
8.4.
References ..................................................................................................
Oligo(ureas) ............................................................................................
IV/89
IV/89
References ..................................................................................................
IV/90
D. Carbon Chain Oligomers Containing Main Chain Cyclic Units ............................................

Table 9. Oligo(cyclopentylenes) ............................................................................................
Table 10. Oligo(spiranes) ........................................................................................................
Table 11. Oligo(xylylenes) ......................................................................................................
11.1.
Linear Oligo(xylenes) ..............................................................................
11.2.
Cyclic Oligo(xylylenes) ............................................................................
Table 12. Oligo(stilbenes) .......................................................................................................
Table 13. Oligo(benzyls) .........................................................................................................
Table 14. Oigo(2,5-dimethyl-benzyls) .....................................................................................
Table 15. Oligo(2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-benzyls) ..........................................................................
Table 16. Oligo(p-phenylene Oxides) .....................................................................................
Table 17. Oligo(p-phenylene Sulfides) ....................................................................................
Table 18. Oligo(p-phenoxyphenylmethanes) ..........................................................................
Table 19. Oligo(diphenylmethanes) ........................................................................................
References ..............................................................................................................
Table 20. Phenol-formaldehyde and Related Oligomers ........................................................
20.1.
Linear Phenol-formaldehyde Oligomers .................................................
20.2.
Oligomeric Phenol Alcohols ....................................................................
20.3.
Cyclic Phenol-formaldehyde Oligomers ..................................................
20.4.
Branched Phenol-formaldehyde Oligomers ............................................
20.5.
Hydroquinone Oligomers ........................................................................
References ..............................................................................................................
Table 21. Oligo(phenylenes) ...................................................................................................
21.1.
o-oligo(phenylenes) ................................................................................
21.2.
m-oligo(phenylenes) ...............................................................................
21.3.
p-oligo(phenylenes) ................................................................................
21.4.
Oligo(p-quinones) ...................................................................................
References ..............................................................................................................
IV/90
IV/90
IV/90
IV/90
IV/90
IV/90
IV/91
IV/91
IV/91
IV/91
IV/91
IV/91
IV/91
IV/91
IV/91
IV/92
IV/92
IV/93
IV/94
IV/94
IV/95
IV/95
IV/96
IV/96
IV/96
IV/97
IV/98
IV/98
E. Oligomers Containing Heterocyclic Rings in the Main Chain ..............................................

Table 22. Heterocyclic Oligomers ...........................................................................................
22.1
Oligo(furan) Derivatives ..........................................................................
22.2.
Oligo(thiophene) Derivatives ..................................................................
22.3.
Oligo(pyrrole) Derivatives .......................................................................
22.4.
Oligo(pyridine) Derivatives ......................................................................
22.5.
Cyclic Oligo(heterocyclics) ......................................................................
References ..............................................................................................................
Table 23. Oligo(saccharides) ..................................................................................................
23.1.
Oligomeric Pentoses ...............................................................................
IV/99
IV/99
IV/99
IV/100
IV/100
IV/100
IV/101
IV/101
IV/102
IV/102
Contents
xxiii
23.2.
Oligomeric Hexoses ................................................................................ IV/102
23.3.
Oligomeric Amino Sugars ....................................................................... IV/103
References .............................................................................................................. IV/104
V.
Physical Constants of Some Important Polymers
Physical Constants of Rubbery Polymers ...................................................................................................
V/1
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
V/1
B. Tables ................................................................................................................................
Table 1. 1,4-cis(96-98%)Poly(butadiene) .............................................................................
Table 2. Poly(butadiene-co-acrylonitrile) ..............................................................................
Table 3. Poly(butadiene-co-styrene) .....................................................................................
Table 4. Poly(chloroprene)(CR Neoprene) ...........................................................................
Table 5. Poly(isobutene)-co-isoprene) Butyl Rubber (IIR) ....................................................
Table 6. Polyisoprene, Natural Rubber .................................................................................
Table 7. Ethylene-propylene-diene-terpolymer (EPDM) .......................................................
V/1
V/1
V/2
V/3
V/3
V/4
V/5
V/6
C. References .........................................................................................................................
V/6
Physical Constants of Poly(ethylene) ..........................................................................................................
V/9
A. Crystallographic Data and Crystallographic Modifications ..................................................
V/9
B. Molecular Parameters and Solution Properties ...................................................................
V/9
C. Crystallinity, Crystal Size and Crystallization Kinetics .........................................................
V/10
D. Equilibrium Thermodynamic Properties ..............................................................................
V/11
E. Other General Physical Properties .....................................................................................
V/12
F. Effect of Chain Branching (Short) on Physical Properties ...................................................
V/15
G. Properties of a Series of Selected Poly(ethylene) Samples ................................................
V/16
H. Properties of Typical Poly(ethylenes) .................................................................................
V/17
I.
References .........................................................................................................................
V/17
Physical Constants of Poly(propylene) ........................................................................................................
V/21
A. Crystallographic Data and Modifications of Isotactic Polypropylenes ..................................
V/21
B. Crystallographic Data and Modifications of Syndiotactic Polypropylenes ............................
V/21
C. Dimensions of Poly(propylene) Molecules ..........................................................................
V/22
D. Crystallinity and Crystallization Kinetics ..............................................................................
V/22
E. Equilibrium Thermodynamic Properties ..............................................................................
V/23
F. Other General Properties ...................................................................................................
V/24
G. Properties of Typical Mainly Isotactic Poly(propylenes) ......................................................
V/26
H. Properties of Some Commercial Poly(propylene) Grades ...................................................
V/26
I.
Mechanical Properties of Poly(propylene) Homopolymers ..................................................
V/27
J. Mechanical Properties of Poly(propylene) Random Copolymers ........................................
V/28
K. Mechanical Properties of Poly(propylene) Impact Copolymers ...........................................
V/28
L. References .........................................................................................................................
V/28
Physical Constants of Fluoropolymers ........................................................................................................
V/31
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
V/31
xxiv
Contents
B. Physical Constants of Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) .................................................................
Notes .......................................................................................................................................
Infrared Absorption Spectrum of Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) .....................................................
References ..............................................................................................................................
V/31
V/37
V/38
V/39
C. Physical Constants of Melt Processible Fluorocarbon Polymers PFA and FEP ..................
Notes .......................................................................................................................................
References ..............................................................................................................................
V/41
V/44
V/45
D. Physical Constants of Modified Poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene) ................................

Notes .......................................................................................................................................
References ..............................................................................................................................
V/45
V/48
V/48
E. Physical Constants of Poly(vinylidene Fluoride) .................................................................

Notes .......................................................................................................................................
References ..............................................................................................................................
V/48
V/51
V/52
F. Physical Constants of Amorphous Fluoropolymers .............................................................

Notes .......................................................................................................................................
References ..............................................................................................................................
V/52
V/54
V/54
G. Physical Constants of Poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) ............................................................

Notes .......................................................................................................................................
References ..............................................................................................................................
V/55
V/57
V/58
Physical Constants of Poly(acrylonitrile) .....................................................................................................
V/59
A. Tables of
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 4.
Table 5.
Table 6.
Table 7.
Table 8.
Table 9.
Physical Constants .............................................................................................

Crystallinity/Crystallization Behavior .......................................................................
Electric and Electronic Properties ...........................................................................
Fiber Properties ......................................................................................................
Further Properties of Acrylic Fibers ........................................................................
Optical Properties ...................................................................................................
Polymerization: Kinetic and Thermodynamic Data .................................................
Solubility/Solution Properties ..................................................................................
Special Solid State Properties ................................................................................
Thermal and Thermodynamic Data ........................................................................
V/59
V/59
V/60
V/61
V/61
V/61
V/62
V/62
V/63
V/64
B. References .........................................................................................................................
V/64
Physical Constants of Poly(vinyl Chloride) ..................................................................................................
V/67
Physical Constants of Poly(vinyl Acetate) ...................................................................................................
V/77
Physical Constants of Poly(methyl Methacrylate) .......................................................................................
V/87
Physical Constants of Poly(styrene) ............................................................................................................
V/91
Physical Constants of Poly(oxymethylene) .................................................................................................
V/97
Physical Constants of Poly(oxyethylene-oxyterephthaloyl), (Poly(ethylene Terephthalate)) .....................
V/113
Physical Constants of Poly(oxytetramethylene-oxyterephthaloyl) and Copolymers with

Tetramethylene Oxide Thermoplastic Elastomers .............................................................................
V/119
Physical Constants of Various Polyamides: Poly[imino(1-oxohexamethylene)], (Polyamide 6)

Poly(iminoadipoyl-iminohexamethylene), (Polyamide 66), Poly(iminohexamethyleneiminosebacoyl), (Polyamide 610), Poly[imino(1-oxododecamethylene)], Poly(amide 12) ................
V/121
Contents
xxv
Physical Constants of Cellulose ..................................................................................................................
V/135
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
V/135
B. Solid State Properties .........................................................................................................

Table 1. Unit Cell Dimensions ...............................................................................................
Table 2. Density ....................................................................................................................
Table 3. Average Ordered Fraction of Cotton and Linters Measured by Various
Techniques .............................................................................................................
Table 4. Average Ordered Fraction Measured by Various Techniques ................................
Table 5. Degree of Crystallinity .............................................................................................
Table 6. Crystallite Sizes ......................................................................................................
Table 7. X-ray Orientation of Cellulose Fibers ......................................................................
Table 8. Heat Capacity .........................................................................................................
Table 9. Thermal Expansion Coefficient ...............................................................................
Table 10. Other Thermal Properties .......................................................................................
Table 11. Refractive Index and Birefringence .........................................................................
Table 12. Resistivity ................................................................................................................
Table 13. Dielectric Constant and Loss Factor at 1 kHz .........................................................
Table 14. Other Electrical Properties ......................................................................................
Table 15. Crystal Elastic Modulus E1 in Chain Direction .........................................................
Table 16. Fiber Strength, Elongation and Modulus .................................................................
V/136
V/136
V/136
C. Solution Properties .............................................................................................................

Table 17. Typical Non-aqueous Cellulose Solvents ...............................................................
Table 18. Other Solvents ........................................................................................................
Table 19. Viscosity - Molecular Weight Relationships ............................................................
Table 20. Second Virial Coefficients .......................................................................................
Table 21. Sedimentation and Diffusion Coefficients ...............................................................
Table 22. Partial Specific Volumes, 2 ....................................................................................
Table 23. Geometrical Chain Characteristics .........................................................................
Table 24. Polymer-solvent Interaction Parameters .................................................................
V/147
V/147
V/148
V/148
V/150
V/150
V/151
V/151
V/152
D. References .........................................................................................................................
V/152
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Some Important Polymers ............................................................
V/159
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
V/159
B. Narrative Descriptions ........................................................................................................

1.
Multipurpose Polymers ...........................................................................................
2.
Polyolefins and Barrier Polymers ............................................................................
3.
Styrenics and Engineering Thermoplastics .............................................................
4.
Elastomers ..............................................................................................................
V/159
V/159
V/160
V/160
V/161
C. Properties of Commercial Polymers ...................................................................................

Table 1. Multipurpose Thermoplastics ..................................................................................
Table 2. Polyolefins and Barrier Polymers ............................................................................
Table 3. Styrenics and Engineering Thermoplastics .............................................................
Table 4. Elastomers ..............................................................................................................
V/162
V/162
V/164
V/166
V/168
V/136
V/137
V/137
V/138
V/140
V/140
V/141
V/141
V/144
V/144
V/145
V/146
V/146
V/147
xxvi
VI.
Contents
Solid State Properties
Crystallographic Data and Melting Points for Various Polymers ................................................................
VI/1
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
1.
Nomenclature ..........................................................................................................
2.
Examples of Polymer Names ..................................................................................
2.1.
Polymer Names Based on Source ..........................................................
2.2.
Polymer Names Based on Structure ......................................................
References for Introduction .....................................................................................
VI/1
VI/1
VI/2
VI/2
VI/3
VI/5
B. Crystallographic Data for Various Polymers .......................................................................

Table 1. Poly(olefins) ............................................................................................................
Table 2. Poly(vinyls) and Poly(vinylidenes) ..........................................................................
Table 3. Poly(aromatics) and Poly(imides) ...........................................................................
Table 4. Poly(dienes) and Poly(diynes) ................................................................................
Table 5. Poly(peptides) .........................................................................................................
Table 6. Poly(amides) ...........................................................................................................
Table 7. Poly(esters) .............................................................................................................
Table 8. Poly(urethanes) and Poly(ureas) ............................................................................
Table 9. Poly(ethers) .............................................................................................................
Table 10. Poly(oxides) ............................................................................................................
Table 11. Poly(sulfides) and Poly(sulfones) ............................................................................
Table 12. Poly(saccharides) ...................................................................................................
Table 13. Other Polymers .......................................................................................................
VI/5
VI/6
VI/13
VI/15
VI/22
VI/26
VI/33
VI/40
VI/49
VI/51
VI/52
VI/57
VI/59
VI/64
C. Melting Points of Polymers .................................................................................................

Cellulose, see Poly (1,4--D-glucose) to Poly(4,4'-methylenediphenylene
isophthalamide) .......................................................................................................
Poly(4,4'-methylenediphenylene octadecamethylenediurea) to Poly(p-xylylene
undecanediamide) ..................................................................................................
VI/71
VI/71
VI/94
D. Appendix: Formula Index to the Tables .............................................................................. VI/113

0 to 4 ....................................................................................................................................... VI/114
5 to 30 ..................................................................................................................................... VI/133
E. References ......................................................................................................................... VI/159
1 to 839 ................................................................................................................................... VI/159
840 to 1946 ............................................................................................................................. VI/174
Glass Transition Temperatures of Polymers ............................................................................................... VI/193
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ VI/194
1.
Example of a Property Change at Tg ...................................................................... VI/194
2.
Tg: a "Non-Equilibrium" Transition ........................................................................... VI/195
B. Tg Measurement Methods .................................................................................................. VI/195
1.
Data Interpretation .................................................................................................. VI/195
2.
Oscillating Load Methods ........................................................................................ VI/196
C. Other Factors Affecting Tg .................................................................................................. VI/196
1.
Structure ................................................................................................................. VI/196
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Contents
xxvii
Crystallinity/Crosslinking .........................................................................................
Diluents ...................................................................................................................
Molecular Weight ....................................................................................................
Thermal History .......................................................................................................
Pressure ..................................................................................................................
VI/196
VI/197
VI/197
VI/197
VI/197
D. Estimation Methods for the Glass Transition Temperature ................................................. VI/197

E. Classification, Nomenclature, and Abbreviations ................................................................ VI/197
1.
Naming Conventions ............................................................................................... VI/198
2.
Abbreviations .......................................................................................................... VI/198
F. Tables of Glass Transition Temperatures of Polymers ....................................................... VI/198
Table 1. Main-chain Acyclic Carbon Polymers ..................................................................... VI/198
1.1
Poly(acrylics) and Poly(methacrylics) ..................................................... VI/198
1.1.1 Poly(acrylic acid) and Poly(acrylic Acid Esters) ............................... VI/198
1.1.2 Poly(acrylamides) ............................................................................. VI/201
1.1.3 Poly(methacrylic Acid) and Poly(methacrylic Acid Esters) .............. VI/201
1.1.4 Poly(methacrylamides) ..................................................................... VI/205
1.1.5 Other - and -substituted Poly(acrylics) and
Poly(methacrylics) ............................................................................
1.2
Poly(alkenes) ..........................................................................................
1.3
Poly(dienes) ............................................................................................
1.4
Poly(styrenes) .........................................................................................
1.5
Poly(vinyl Alcohol) and Poly(vinyl Ketones) ............................................
1.6
PoIy(vinyl Esters) ....................................................................................
1.7
Poly(vinyl Ethers) and Poly(vinyl Thioethers) .........................................
1.8
Poly(vinyl Halides) and Poly(vinyl Nitriles) ..............................................
1.9
Others .....................................................................................................
2.1
Poly(phenylenes) ....................................................................................
2.2
Others .....................................................................................................
Table 3. Main-chain Acyclic Heteroatom Polymers ..............................................................
3.1
Main-chain COC Polymers .............................................................
VI/205
VI/205
VI/207
VI/209
VI/212
VI/213
VI/214
VI/215
VI/216
VI/218
VI/218
VI/218
VI/219
VI/219
3.1.1 Poly(anhydrides) .............................................................................. VI/219

3.1.2 Poly(carbonates) .............................................................................. VI/219
3.1.3 Poly(esters) ...................................................................................... VI/221
3.1.4 Poly(ether Ketones) ......................................................................... VI/226
3.1.5 Poly(oxides) ...................................................................................... VI/226
3.2
3.1.6 Poly(urethanes) ................................................................................ VI/229

Main-chain O-heteroatom Polymers ....................................................... VI/231
3.2.1 Nitroso-polymers .............................................................................. VI/231
3.2.2 PoIy(siloxanes) ................................................................................. VI/231
3.2.3 Poly(sulfonates) ................................................................................ VI/233
xxviii
Contents
3.3
Main-chain C(S)nC- and CSN Polymers ................................... VI/233

3.3.1 Poly(sulfides) .................................................................................... VI/233
3.3.2 Poly(sulfones) and Poly(sulfonamides) ........................................... VI/234
3.4
3.3.3 Poly(thioesters) ................................................................................ VI/235

Main-chain CNC Polymers ............................................................... VI/235
3.4.1 Poly(amides) .................................................................................... VI/235
3.4.2 Poly(anilines) .................................................................................... VI/241
3.4.3 Poly(imides) ...................................................................................... VI/241
3.4.4 Poly(imines) ...................................................................................... VI/241
3.4.5 Poly(ureas) .......................................................................................

3.5
Poly(phosphazenes) ...............................................................................
3.6
Poly(silanes) and Poly(silazanes) ...........................................................
4.1
Carbohydrates ........................................................................................
4.2
Liquid Crystals ........................................................................................
4.3
Natural Polymers ....................................................................................
4.4
Poly(acetals) ...........................................................................................
4.5
Poly(anhydrides) .....................................................................................
4.6
Poly(benzimidazoles) ..............................................................................
4.7
Poly(benzothiazinophenothiazines) ........................................................
4.8
Poly(benzothiazoles) ..............................................................................
4.9
Poly(benzoxazlnes) ................................................................................
4.10
Poly(benzoxazoles) ................................................................................
4.11
Poly(carboranes) ....................................................................................
4.12
Poly(dibenzofurans) ................................................................................
4.13
Poly(dioxoisoindolines) ...........................................................................
4.14
Poly(fluoresceins) ...................................................................................
4.15
Poly(furan Tetracarboxylic Acid Diimides) ..............................................
4.16
Poly(oxabicyclononanes) ........................................................................
4.17
Poly(oxadiazoles) ...................................................................................
4.18
Poly(oxindoles) .......................................................................................
4.19
Poly(oxoisoindolines) ..............................................................................
4.20
Poly(phthalazines) ..................................................................................
4.21
Poly(phthalides) ......................................................................................
4.22
Poly(piperazines) ....................................................................................
4.23
Poly(piperidines) .....................................................................................
4.24
Poly(pyrazinoquinoxalines) .....................................................................
4.25
Poly(pyrazoles) .......................................................................................
4.26
Poly(pyridazines) ....................................................................................
4.27
Poly(pyridines) ........................................................................................
4.28
Poly(pyromellitimides) .............................................................................
4.29
Poly(pyrrolidines) ....................................................................................
VI/242
VI/242
VI/243
VI/243
VI/243
VI/244
VI/244
VI/244
VI/244
VI/245
VI/245
VI/245
VI/245
VI/245
VI/245
VI/246
VI/246
VI/247
VI/247
VI/247
VI/248
VI/248
VI/248
VI/248
VI/248
VI/248
VI/249
VI/249
VI/249
VI/249
VI/249
VI/249
VI/250
Contents
4.30
Poly(quinones) ........................................................................................
4.31
Poly(quinoxalines) ..................................................................................
4.32
Poly(triazines) .........................................................................................
4.33
Poly(triazoles) .........................................................................................
xxix
VI/250
VI/250
VI/252
VI/252
VI/252
G. References ......................................................................................................................... VI/253

1 to 953 ................................................................................................................................... VI/253
954 to 1560 ............................................................................................................................. VI/268
Rates of Crystallization of Polymers ............................................................................................................ VI/279
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
1.
Background .............................................................................................................
1.1
General Remarks ....................................................................................
1.2
Background .............................................................................................
1.3
Morphological Outline/Growth Features .................................................
2.
General Principles and Techniques Involved in Crystallization Rate Studies .........
2.1
Kinetics of Bulk Transformations ............................................................
2.2
Thermodynamic Crystallization Models ..................................................
2.3
Growth Kinetics of Lamellar Structures: Crystals and Spherulites .........
3.
Other Significant Aspects of Crystallization ............................................................
3.1
Nonisothermal Crystallization .................................................................
3.2
Crystallization of Blends .........................................................................
3.3
Solvent and Pressure-induced Crystallization ........................................
3.4
Crystallization of Mesophases ................................................................
3.5
Flow Induced Crystallization ...................................................................
3.6
Epitaxial Crystallization ...........................................................................
3.7
Orientational Crystallization ....................................................................
3.8
Crystallization of Copolymers .................................................................
3.9
Computer Simulations ............................................................................
VI/280
VI/280
VI/280
VI/280
VI/281
VI/282
VI/282
VI/284
VI/284
VI/286
VI/286
VI/287
VI/288
VI/288
VI/289
VI/289
VI/289
VI/290
VI/290
B. Tables of Rates of Crystallization of Various Polymers ....................................................... VI/291

1.
Rates of Crystal Growth .......................................................................................... VI/291
Table 1. Poly(alkenes), Poly(dienes), Poly(vinyls) ................................................ VI/291
1.1
2.
Homopolymer Melts ......................................................................... VI/291
1.2 Solutions ...........................................................................................

Table 2. Poly(oxides) ............................................................................................
Rates of Radial Spherulitic Growth .........................................................................
Table 3. Poly(dienes), Poly(alkenes), Poly(vinyls) ................................................
3.1
VI/296
VI/300
VI/304
VI/304
3.2 Blends ............................................................................................... VI/312

Table 4. Poly(oxides) ............................................................................................ VI/315
4.1
4.2
Complexes ....................................................................................... VI/318
4.3
Blends ............................................................................................... VI/319
xxx
Contents
Table 5. Poly(carbonates) ..................................................................................... VI/326
Table 6. Poly(esters) ............................................................................................. VI/327
6.1
6.2
Blends ............................................................................................... VI/329
6.3 Copolymers ...................................................................................... VI/331

Table 7. Poly(amides) ........................................................................................... VI/331
Table 8. Poly(siloxanes) ....................................................................................... VI/334
8.1
8.2 Copolymers ...................................................................................... VI/334

Table 9. Others ..................................................................................................... VI/336
9.1
3.
Homopolymers Melts ....................................................................... VI/336
9.2 lonomers ........................................................................................... VI/340

Rates of Bulk Crystallization (Avrami Constants) ................................................... VI/341
Table 10. Poly(dienes), Poly(alkenes), Poly(vinyls) ................................................ VI/341
10.1 Melts and Solutions .......................................................................... VI/341
10.2 Blends and Copolymers ................................................................... VI/353
Table 11. Poly(oxides) ............................................................................................ VI/365
11.1 Homopolymer Melts ......................................................................... VI/365
11.2 Blends ............................................................................................... VI/371
Table 12. Poly(carbonates) ..................................................................................... VI/372
Table 13. Poly(esters) ............................................................................................. VI/373
13.1 Homopolymer melts ......................................................................... VI/373
13.2 Blends and Copolymers ................................................................... VI/377
Table 14. Poly(amides) ........................................................................................... VI/379
14.1 Blends of Poly(amides) .................................................................... VI/382
Table 15. Poly(urethanes) ...................................................................................... VI/383
Table 16.
Table 17.
Table 18.
Table 19.
15.1 Blends of Poly(urethanes) ................................................................

Poly(siloxanes) .......................................................................................
Others .....................................................................................................
Composites .............................................................................................
VI/383
VI/384
VI/384
VI/385
VI/389
19.1 Composites of Blends ...................................................................... VI/390

C. References ......................................................................................................................... VI/391
Isomorphous Polymers Pairs ....................................................................................................................... VI/399
B. Techniques ......................................................................................................................... VI/400
C. Tables of lsomorphous Pairs of Monomer Units .................................................................
Table 1. lsomorphous Units Within the Same Macromolecules (Copolymers) .....................
1.1
lsomorphous Units with Different Chemical Constitution ........................
1.2
lsomorphous Units with Different Configurations and/or with Headto-head, Head-to-tail Constitutional Disorder ..........................................
VI/401
VI/401
VI/401
VI/405
Contents
xxxi
Table 2. Isomorphism of Macromolecules ............................................................................ VI/405

D. References ......................................................................................................................... VI/406
Miscible Polymers ........................................................................................................................................ VI/409
A. Definition of Miscibility ........................................................................................................ VI/409
B. Data Collection ................................................................................................................... VI/410
C. Arrangement of the Tables ................................................................................................. VI/410
D. Tables ................................................................................................................................
Table 1. Chemically Dissimilar Polymer Pairs Miscible in the Amorphous State at
Room Temperature .................................................................................................
Table 2. Polymer Pairs Containing One Monomer in Common, Miscible in the
Amorphous State at Room Temperature ................................................................
Table 3. Chemically Dissimilar Polymer Triads (and Tetrads) Miscible in the
Amorphous State at Room Temperature ................................................................
Table 4. Polymer Pairs Miscible in the Amorphous State at Room Temperature;
Molecular Weight Dependence Investigated ..........................................................
Table 5. Polymer Pairs That Appear to Have High Temperature Miscibility Although
Immiscible at or Below Room Temperature ............................................................
Table 6. Polymer Pairs Miscible at Room Temperature That Appear to Have a Lower
Critical Solution Temperature (LCST) Above Room Temperature .........................
Table 7. Polymer Pairs That Appear to Have Both a Lower Critical Solution
Temperature and a Upper Critical Solution Temperature .......................................
Table 8. Polymer Pairs That Cocrystallize ............................................................................
VI/411
VI/411
VI/444
VI/448
VI/450
VI/452
VI/454
VI/458
VI/459
E. References ......................................................................................................................... VI/461

Heat Capacities of High Polymers ............................................................................................................... VI/483
B. Experimental Curves .......................................................................................................... VI/485
C. Data Tables for Solids and Liquids .....................................................................................
Table 1. cis-1,4-Poly(butadiene) (PBDc) ..............................................................................
Table 2. trans-1,4-Poly(butadiene) (PBDt) ............................................................................
Table 3. cis-1,4-Poly(2-methylbutadiene) (PMBD) ...............................................................
Table 4. Poly(ethylene) (PE) .................................................................................................
Table 5. Poly(propylene) (PP) ...............................................................................................
Table 6. PoIy(1-butene) (PB) ................................................................................................
Table 7. PoIy(1-pentene) (PPE) ............................................................................................
Table 8. PoIy(1-hexene) (PHE) .............................................................................................
Table 9. Poly(isobutene) (PIB) ..............................................................................................
Table 10. Poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) (P4MPE) ........................................................................
Table 11. Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) ............................................................................
Table 12. Poly(vinyl Fluoride) (PVF) .......................................................................................
Table 13. Poly(vinylidene Fluoride) (PVF2) ............................................................................
Table 14. Poly(trifluoroethylene) (P3FE) .................................................................................
Table 15. Poly(vinyl Chloride) (PVC) ......................................................................................
VI/486
VI/486
VI/487
VI/488
VI/488
VI/489
VI/490
VI/490
VI/491
VI/492
VI/492
VI/493
VI/494
VI/494
VI/495
VI/496
xxxii
Contents
Table 16.
Table 17.
Table 18.
Table 19.
Table 20.
Table 21.
Table 22.
Table 23.
Table 24.
Table 25.
Table 26.
Table 27.
Table 28.
Table 29.
Table 30.
Table 31.
Table 32.
Table 33.
Table 34.
Table 35.
Table 36.
Table 37.
Table 38.
Table 39.
Table 40.
Table 41.
Table 42.
Table 43.
Table 44.
Table 45.
Table 46.
Table 47.
Table 48.
Table 49.
Table 50.
Poly(vinylidene Chloride) (PVC2) ...........................................................................

Poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) (PC3FE) ....................................................................
Poly(vinyl Alcohol) (PVA) ........................................................................................
Poly(vinyl Acetate) (PVAc) ......................................................................................
Poly(styrene) (PS) ...................................................................................................
Poly(-methylstyrene) (PMS) ..................................................................................
Poly(vinyl Benzoate) (PVBZ) ..................................................................................
Poly(methyl Acrylate) (PMA) ...................................................................................
Poly(ethyl Acrylate) (PEA) ......................................................................................
Poly(n-butyl Acrylate) (PnBA) .................................................................................
Poly(iso-butyl Acrylate) (PIBA) ................................................................................
Poly(methacrylic Acid) (PMAA) ...............................................................................
Poly(methyl Methacrylate) (PMMA) ........................................................................
Poly(ethyl Methacrylate) (PEMA) ............................................................................
Poly(n-butyl Methacrylate) (PnBMA) .......................................................................
Poly(iso-butyl Methacrylate) (PIBMA) .....................................................................
Poly(hexyl Methacrylate) (PHMA) ...........................................................................
Poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) ..........................................................................................
Poly(methacrylamide) (PMAM) ...............................................................................
Poly(oxy-1-oxoethylene) (PCL) ...............................................................................
Poly(oxy-1-oxohexamethylene) (PCL) ....................................................................
Poly(oxyethyleneoxyterephthaloyl) (PET) ...............................................................
Poly(imino-(1-oxohexamethylene)) (Nylon 6) .........................................................
Poly(iminoadipoyliminohexamethylene) (Nylon 66) ................................................
Poly(iminoadipoyliminododecamethylene) (Nylon 612) ..........................................
Poly(oxymethylene) (POM) .....................................................................................
Poly(oxyethylene) ...................................................................................................
Poly(oxytrimethylene) (PO3M) ................................................................................
Poly(oxytetramethylene) (PO4M) ............................................................................
Poly(oxypropylene) (POPr) .....................................................................................
Poly(oxy-1,4-phenylene) (POPh) ............................................................................
Poly(oxy-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene) (PPO) .........................................................
Poly(oxy-2,6-diphenyl-1,4-phenylene) (POPPO) ....................................................
Poly(oxycarbonyloxy-1,4-phenylene-isopropylidene- 1,4-phenylene) (PC) ............
Trigonal Selenium (SeT) .........................................................................................
VI/496
VI/497
VI/498
VI/498
VI/499
VI/500
VI/500
VI/501
VI/502
VI/502
VI/503
VI/504
VI/504
VI/505
VI/506
VI/506
VI/507
VI/508
VI/508
VI/509
VI/510
VI/510
VI/511
VI/512
VI/512
VI/513
VI/514
VI/514
VI/515
VI/515
VI/516
VI/517
VI/517
VI/518
VI/519
D. References ......................................................................................................................... VI/519

Surface and Interfacial Tensions of Polymers, Oligomers, Plasticizers, and Organic Pigments ............... VI/521
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
1.
Definition .................................................................................................................
2.
Temperature Dependence ......................................................................................
3.
Macleod's Relation ..................................................................................................
4.
Molecular Weight Dependence ...............................................................................
5.
Effects of Glass and Crystal-melt Transitions .........................................................
VI/521
VI/521
VI/522
VI/522
VI/522
VI/522
Contents
6.
7.
xxxiii
Effect of Surface Chemical Constitution ................................................................. VI/523

Dispersion (Nonpolar) and Polar Components ....................................................... VI/523
B. Tables ................................................................................................................................ VI/523

Table 1. Surface Chemical Constitution and Surface Tension ............................. VI/524
1.1
Hydrocarbon Surfaces ..................................................................... VI/524
1.2
Fluorocarbon Surfaces ..................................................................... VI/524
1.3
Chlorocarbon Surfaces .................................................................... VI/524
1.4 Silicane Surfaces .............................................................................. VI/524

Table 2. Surface Tension, Polarity, and Macleod's Exponent for
Amorphous Surfaces .............................................................................. VI/524
2.1
Hydrocarbon Polymers ..................................................................... VI/524
2.2
Styrene Polymers ............................................................................. VI/525
2.3
Halogenated Hydrocarbon Polymers ............................................... VI/525
2.4
Vinyl Polymers - Esters .................................................................... VI/526
2.5
Vinyl Polymers - Others ................................................................... VI/526
2.6
Acrylic Polymers - Nonfluorinated .................................................... VI/526
2.7
Acrylic Polymers - Fluorinated ......................................................... VI/527
2.8
Methacrylic Polymers - Nonfluorinated ............................................ VI/527
2.9
Methacrylic Polymers - Fluorinated ................................................. VI/527
2.10 Methacrylic Hydrogels ...................................................................... VI/527

2.11 Poly(ethers) ...................................................................................... VI/528
2.12 Poly(ether) Copolymers ................................................................... VI/529
2.13 Poly(esters) ...................................................................................... VI/529
2.14 Poly(carbonates) .............................................................................. VI/530
2.15 Poly(sulfones) ................................................................................... VI/530
2.16 Phenoxy Resins ............................................................................... VI/530
2.17 Epoxy Resins ................................................................................... VI/530
2.18 Poly(amides) .................................................................................... VI/530
2.19 Poly(imides) ...................................................................................... VI/531
2.20 Poly(imines) ...................................................................................... VI/531
2.21 Poly(urethanes) ................................................................................ VI/531
2.22 Poly(siloxanes) ................................................................................. VI/531
2.23 Organosilanes - Hydrolyzed and Condensed Films ........................ VI/532
2.24 Cellulosics ........................................................................................ VI/533
2.25 Poly(peptides) .................................................................................. VI/533
2.26 Miscellaneous ................................................................................... VI/533
Table 3. lnterfacial Tension for Amorphous Interfaces ......................................... VI/535
3.1
Hydrocarbon Polymers vs. Others ................................................... VI/535
3.2
Styrene Polymers vs. Others ........................................................... VI/537
3.3
Vinyl Polymers vs. Others ................................................................ VI/537
3.4
Acrylic Polymers vs. Others ............................................................. VI/538
xxxiv
Contents
3.5
Methacrylic Polymers vs. Others ..................................................... VI/538
3.6
Poly(ethers) vs. Others .................................................................... VI/539
3.7
Poly(esters) vs. Others ..................................................................... VI/539
3.8
Poly(amides) vs. Others ................................................................... VI/539
3.9
Epoxy Resins vs. Others .................................................................. VI/539
3.10 Poly(Siloxanes) vs. Others ............................................................... VI/539

3.11 Miscellaneous ................................................................................... VI/540
C. References ......................................................................................................................... VI/540
Permeability and Diffusion Data .................................................................................................................. VI/543
B. Conversion Factors for Various Units of the Permeability Coefficient ................................. VI/545
C. Tables ................................................................................................................................
Table 1. Permeability Coefficients, Diffusion Coefficients, and Solubility Coefficients
of Polymers .............................................................................................................
1.1
Poly(alkanes) ..........................................................................................
1.2
Poly(styrenes) .........................................................................................
1.3
Poly(methacrylates) ................................................................................
1.4
Poly(nitriles) ............................................................................................
1.5
Poly(vinyls) .............................................................................................
1.6
Fluorine Containing Polymers .................................................................
1.7
Poly(dienes) ............................................................................................
1.8
Poly(xylylenes) ........................................................................................
1.9
Poly(oxides) ............................................................................................
1.10
Poly(esters), Poly(carbonates) ...............................................................
1.11
PoIy(siloxanes) .......................................................................................
1.12
Poly(amides), Poly(imides) .....................................................................
1.13
Poly(urethanes) ......................................................................................
1.14
Poly(sulfones) .........................................................................................
1.15
Poly(aryl Ether Ether Ketone) .................................................................
1.16
Cellulose and Derivatives .......................................................................
Table 2. Permeability Coefficients of Six Different Fluorinated Hydrocarbons through
Polymers .................................................................................................................
Table 3. Permeability Coefficients of Various Organic Compounds through Lowdensity Poly(ethylene) .............................................................................................
Table 4. Permeability Coefficients and Diffusion Coefficients of an Equimolar Mixture
of Various Compounds (1.25 M Each) through High-density Poly(ethylene) ..........
Table 5. Permeability Coefficients of Various Organic Compounds through Highdensity Poly(ethylene) and Poly(propylene) ...........................................................
Table 6. Permeability Coefficients of Various Organic Compounds through Irradiation
Crosslinked Low-density Poly(ethylene) .................................................................
Table 7. Permeability Coefficients of Cases through Irradiation Crosslinked Lowdensity Poly(ethylene) .............................................................................................
VI/545
VI/545
VI/545
VI/547
VI/548
VI/549
VI/549
VI/552
VI/553
VI/555
VI/555
VI/555
VI/558
VI/559
VI/560
VI/560
VI/561
VI/561
VI/562
VI/562
VI/564
VI/564
VI/564
VI/565
Contents
xxxv
Table 8. Permeability Coefficients of Chemically Crosslinked Poly(oxypropylene) ..............

Table 9. Permeability Coefficients of Gases through Various Elastomers ............................
Table 10. Permeability Coefficients of Gases through Various Commercial Elastomers
at 35C. ...................................................................................................................
Table 11. Permeability, Diffusion and Solubility Coefficients of Alkanes through
Santoprene (Blend of Ethylene-propylene Copolymer and lsotactic
Poly(propylene)) ......................................................................................................
Table 12. Permeability, Diffusion and Solubility Coefficients of Esters through
Poly(epichlorohydrin) (ECO) ...................................................................................
VI/565
VI/566
VI/566
VI/566
VI/567
D. References ......................................................................................................................... VI/568

Refractive Indices of Polymers .................................................................................................................... VI/571
B. Molar Refraction ................................................................................................................. VI/571
C. Refractive Indices of Heterogeneous Polymers .................................................................. VI/572
D. Optical Anisotropy .............................................................................................................. VI/572
E. Applications ........................................................................................................................
Table 1. Intrinsic Optical Properties of Selected Polymers ...................................................
Table 2. Average Refractive Indices of Polymers (in Order of Increasing n) ........................
Table 3. Average Refractive Indices of Polymers (in Alphabetical Order) ............................
VI/573
VI/573
VI/574
VI/578
F. References ......................................................................................................................... VI/582

Radiation Resistance of Plastics and Elastomers ....................................................................................... VI/583
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
1.
General Comments .................................................................................................
2.
Criterion for Radiation Resistance ..........................................................................
3.
Factors of Influence and Their Consideration in Tables .........................................
3.1
Type of Polymer and Formulation ...........................................................
3.2
Type of Radiation and Dosimetry ...........................................................
3.3
Dose Rate and the Atmosphere .............................................................
3.4
Temperature ...........................................................................................
3.5
Other Stresses ........................................................................................
VI/583
VI/583
VI/583
VI/583
VI/583
VI/584
VI/584
VI/584
VI/584
B. List of Symbols Used .......................................................................................................... VI/584

C. Tables of
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 4.
Radiation Resistance ..........................................................................................

Thermoplastics ........................................................................................................
Elastomers ..............................................................................................................
Aromatic Polymers ..................................................................................................
Organic Composite Materials ..................................................................................
VI/585
VI/585
VI/586
VI/587
VI/588
D. References ......................................................................................................................... VI/588

PVT Relationships and Equations of State of Polymers ............................................................................. VI/591
B. Isothermal Compressibility Equations ................................................................................. VI/592
C. Empirical or Semiempirical 3-Parameter Equations of State ............................................... VI/593
D. Lattice or Quasi Lattice Models .......................................................................................... VI/593
xxxvi
Contents
E. Continuum Models .............................................................................................................. VI/594
F. Tables ................................................................................................................................
Table 1. Zero Pressure Volume V0(T) and Bulk Modulus B0(T) ............................................
Table 2. Abbreviations of Polymer Names and the Experimental TemperaturePressure Range for Polymer Liquids ......................................................................
Table 3. PVT Properties of Other Polymers ..........................................................................
Table 4. Characteristic Parameters for the Sanchez-cho Equation of State .........................
Table 5. Characteristic Parameters for the Hartmann-haque Equation of State ...................
Table 6. Characteristic Parameters for the Simple Cell Model Equation of State .................
Table 7. Characteristic Parameters for the Flory, Orwoll and Vrij Equation of State ............
Table 8. Characteristic Parameters for the Simha-somcynsky Equation of State ................
Table 9. Characteristic Parameters for the Sanchez-lacombe Equation of State .................
Table 10. Characteristic Parameters for the AHS + vdW Equation of State ...........................
VI/595
VI/595
VI/596
VI/597
VI/597
VI/597
VI/598
VI/599
VI/599
VI/600
VI/600
G. References ......................................................................................................................... VI/601
VII. Solution Properties

Viscosity Molecular Weight Relationships and Unperturbed Dimensions of Linear Chain
Molecules ............................................................................................................................................
VII/1
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
1.
The Viscosity - Molecular Weight Relationship .......................................................
2.
Unperturbed Dimensions of Linear Chain Molecules ..............................................
VII/2
VII/2
VII/4
B. Effect of Molecular Weight Distribution on the Viscosity Constant K ...................................
VII/5
C. Tables of Viscosity - Molecular Weight Relationships, [] = KM ........................................

1.1
Poly(dienes) ............................................................................................
1.2
Poly(alkenes), Poly(acetylenes) .............................................................
1.3
Poly(acrylic Acid) and Derivatives ..........................................................
1.4
Poly(-substituted Acrylic Acid) and Derivatives ....................................
1.5
Poly(vinyl Ethers) ....................................................................................
1.6
Poly(vinyl Alcohol), Poly(vinyl Halides) ...................................................
1.7
Poly(vinyI Esters) ....................................................................................
1.8
Poly(styrene) and Derivatives .................................................................
1.9
Other Compounds ..................................................................................
1.10
Copolymers .............................................................................................
3.1
Poly(oxides), Poly(ethers) .......................................................................
3.2
3.3
Poly(amides) ...........................................................................................
3.4
Poly(amino Acids) ...................................................................................
3.5
Poly(ureas), Poly(urethanes), Poly(imines) ............................................
3.6
Poly(sulfides) ..........................................................................................
3.7
Poly(phosphates) ....................................................................................
VII/5
VII/5
VII/5
VII/7
VII/10
VII/13
VII/17
VII/17
VII/18
VII/19
VII/24
VII/27
VII/31
VII/32
VII/32
VII/34
VII/36
VII/38
VII/39
VII/39
VII/39
Contents
xxxvii
3.8
Poly(siloxanes), Poly(silsesquioxanes) ...................................................
3.9
Poly(heterocyclics) ..................................................................................
3.10
Copolymers (Maleic Anhydride, Sulfones) ..............................................
3.11
Other Compounds ..................................................................................
Table 4. Cellulose and Derivatives, Poly(saccharides) .........................................................
Table 5. Miscellaneous .........................................................................................................
VII/40
VII/41
VII/42
VII/42
VII/43
VII/46
D. Calculated Unperturbed Dimensions of Freely Rotating Chains .........................................
VII/46
E. Unperturbed Dimensions of Linear Polymer Molecules ......................................................

6.1
Poly(dienes) ............................................................................................
6.2
Poly(alkenes), Poly(acetylenes) .............................................................
6.3
6.4
Poly(-substituted Acrylic Acid) and Derivatives ....................................
6.5
Poly(vinyl Ethers), Poly(vinyl Alcohol), Poly(vinyl Esters),
Poly(vinyl Halides) ..................................................................................
6.6
Poly(styrene) and Derivatives .................................................................
6.7
Other Compounds ..................................................................................
6.8
Copolymers .............................................................................................
8.1
Poly(oxides), Poly(ethers) .......................................................................
8.2
8.3
Poly(amides) ...........................................................................................
8.4
Poly(amino Acids) ...................................................................................
8.5
Poly(urethanes) ......................................................................................
8.6
Poly(sulfides) ..........................................................................................
8.7
Poly(phosphates) ....................................................................................
8.8
Poly(siloxanes), Poly(silsesquioxanes), Poly(silmethylenes) .................
8.9
Poly(heterocyclics) ..................................................................................
8.10
Copolymers (Maleic Anhydride, Sulfones, Siloxanes) ............................
8.11
Other Compounds ..................................................................................
Table 9. Cellulose and Derivatives, Poly(saccharides) .........................................................
VII/47
VII/47
VII/47
VII/48
VII/49
VII/50
F. References .........................................................................................................................
VII/68
Sedimentation Coefficients, Diffusion Coefficients, Partial Specific Volumes, Frictional Ratios, and
Second Virial Coefficients of Polymers in Solution ............................................................................
VII/85
A. Sedimentation Coefficients, Diffusion Coefficients, Partial Specific Volumes, and

Frictional Ratios of Polymers in Solution ............................................................................
1.
Introduction .............................................................................................................
1.1.
Sedimentation Coefficient .......................................................................
1.2.
Diffusion Coefficient ................................................................................
1.3.
Molar Mass Averages Determined from Sedimentation and
Diffusion Coefficients ..............................................................................
1.4.
Partial Specific Volumes .........................................................................
VII/53
VII/54
VII/56
VII/58
VII/60
VII/60
VII/60
VII/61
VII/63
VII/63
VII/63
VII/63
VII/64
VII/64
VII/64
VII/65
VII/66
VII/66
VII/86
VII/86
VII/86
VII/87
VII/89
VII/89
xxxviii
Contents
1.5.
1.6.
1.7.
Frictional Ratios ......................................................................................

List of Symbols and Abbreviations ..........................................................
Miscellaneous .........................................................................................
B. Tables of Sedimentation Coefficients, Diffusion Coefficients, Partial Specific

Volumes, and Frictional Ratios of Polymers in Solution ......................................................
Table 1. Poly(alkenes) ..........................................................................................................
Table 2. Poly(dienes) ............................................................................................................
Table 3. Acrylic Polymers .....................................................................................................
Table 4. Vinyl Polymers ........................................................................................................
Table 5. Styrene Polymers ....................................................................................................
Table 6. (O, C)-Heterochain Polymers [Poly(ethers), Poly(esters), Poly(carbonates)] .........
Table 7. (N, C)- and (O, N, C)-Heterochain Polymers [Poly(amides), Poly(ureas),
Poly(urethanes)] ......................................................................................................
Table 8. Other Synthetic Polymers .......................................................................................
Table 9. Inorganic Polymers .................................................................................................
Table 11. Other Biopolymers [Proteins, Poly(nucleotides)] ....................................................
VII/89
VII/90
VII/91
VII/92
VII/92
VII/94
VII/96
VII/105
VII/109
VII/134
VII/137
VII/140
VII/141
VII/144
VII/157
C. Second Virial Coefficients of Polymers in Solution ..............................................................

1.
Introduction .............................................................................................................
1.1.
Colligative Properties ..............................................................................
1.2.
Scattering Methods .................................................................................
1.3.
Sedimentation Velocity ...........................................................................
1.4.
Sedimentation Equilibrium ......................................................................
1.5.
pVT Measurements ............................................................................
1.6.
Averages of the Second Virial Coefficient ..............................................
1.7.
Second Virial Coefficient Molar Mass Relationship .............................
1.8.
Temperature Dependence, Pressure Dependence ................................
1.9.
Abbreviations ..........................................................................................
1.10.
Miscellaneous .........................................................................................
VII/163
VII/163
VII/163
VII/163
VII/163
VII/164
VII/164
VII/164
VII/164
VII/164
VII/164
VII/164
D. Tables of
Table 12.
Table 13.
Table 14.
Table 15.
Table 16.
Table 17.
Table 18.
VII/165
VII/165
VII/168
VII/170
VII/177
VII/179
VII/188
Table 19.
Table 20.
Table 21.
Table 22.
Second Virial Coefficients of Polymers in Solution ..............................................

Poly(alkenes), Poly(alkynes) ...................................................................................
Poly(dienes) ............................................................................................................
Poly(acrylics) ...........................................................................................................
Poly(vlnyls) ..............................................................................................................
Poly(styrenes) .........................................................................................................
(O, C)-heterochain Polymers [Poly(ethers), Poly(esters), Poly(carbonates)] .........
(N, C)- and (O, N, C)-heterochain Polymers [Poly(amides), Poly(ureas),
Poly(urethanes)] ......................................................................................................
Other Synthetic Polymers .......................................................................................
Inorganic Polymers .................................................................................................
Poly(saccharides) ...................................................................................................
Other Biopolymers [Proteins, Poly(nucleotides)] ....................................................
VII/191
VII/192
VII/192
VII/194
VII/196
E. References ......................................................................................................................... VII/198

Contents
xxxix
Polymolecularity Correction Factors ............................................................................................................ VII/215

A. List of Symbols Used .......................................................................................................... VII/216
B. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ VII/217
Table 1 .................................................................................................................................... VII/223
C. Polymolecularity Correction Factors for Intrinsic Viscosity Versus Molecular Weight
Relationship .......................................................................................................................
Table 2 ....................................................................................................................................
Table 3 ....................................................................................................................................
Table 4 ....................................................................................................................................
Table 5 ....................................................................................................................................
Table 6 ....................................................................................................................................
Table 7 ....................................................................................................................................
Table 8 ....................................................................................................................................
Table 9 ....................................................................................................................................
Table 10 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 11 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 12 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 13 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 14 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 15 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 16 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 17 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 18 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 19 ..................................................................................................................................
VII/223
VII/223
VII/223
VII/223
VII/224
VII/224
VII/224
VII/224
VII/224
VII/225
VII/225
VII/225
VII/225
VII/225
VII/226
VII/226
VII/226
VII/226
VII/226
D. Polymolecularity Correction Factors for Sedimentation Coefficient Versus Molecular

Weight Relationship ...........................................................................................................
Table 20 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 21 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 22 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 23 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 24 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 25 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 26 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 27 ..................................................................................................................................
VII/227
VII/227
VII/227
VII/227
VII/227
VII/228
VII/228
VII/228
VII/229
E. Polymolecularity Correction Factors for Diffusion Coefficient Versus Molecular

Table 28 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 29 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 30 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 31 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 32 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 33 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 34 ..................................................................................................................................
VII/229
VII/229
VII/229
VII/229
VII/230
VII/230
VII/230
VII/230
xl
Contents
Table 35
Table 36
Table 37
Table 38
Table 39
Table 40
Table 41
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
VII/230
VII/231
VII/231
VII/231
VII/231
VII/232
VII/232
F. Polymolecularity Correction Factors for Mean-Square Radius of Gyration versus

Molecular Weight Relationship ...........................................................................................
Table 42 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 43 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 44 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 45 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 46 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 47 ..................................................................................................................................
VII/232
VII/232
VII/233
VII/233
VII/233
VII/234
VII/234
G. Polymolecularity Correction Factors for Second Virial Coefficient Versus Molecular

Table 48 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 49 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 50 ..................................................................................................................................
Table 51 ..................................................................................................................................
VII/234
VII/234
VII/235
VII/235
VII/235
H. Polymolecularity Correction Factors for the Determination of the Dimensions of

Macromolecules .................................................................................................................
1.
Fox-flory Relationship .............................................................................................
Table 52 ..................................................................................................................
Table 53 ..................................................................................................................
Table 54 ..................................................................................................................
Table 55 ..................................................................................................................
2.
Interconversion of Different Averages of the Mean-square Radius of
Gyration ..................................................................................................................
Table 56 ..................................................................................................................
Table 57 ..................................................................................................................
Table 58 ..................................................................................................................
Table 59 ..................................................................................................................
3.
Interconversion of Different Averages of the Mean-square End-to-end
Distance ..................................................................................................................
Table 60 ..................................................................................................................
Table 61 ..................................................................................................................
Table 62 ..................................................................................................................
Table 63 ..................................................................................................................
Table 64 ..................................................................................................................
Table 65 ..................................................................................................................
VII/235
VII/235
VII/235
VII/236
VII/236
VII/236
VII/236
VII/236
VII/237
VII/237
VII/238
VII/238
VII/238
VII/238
VII/239
VII/239
VII/239
VII/239
Contents
4.
I.
xli
The Effect of Polymolecularity on the Radius of Gyration of Stiff Polymer

Chains ..................................................................................................................... VII/240
Table 66 .................................................................................................................. VII/240
Table 67 .................................................................................................................. VII/240
Polymolecularity Correction Factors for the Determination of Unperturbed

Dimensions of Macromolecules ..........................................................................................
1.
Burchard-stockmayer-fixman Procedure ................................................................
Table 68 ..................................................................................................................
Table 69 ..................................................................................................................
Table 70 ..................................................................................................................
2.
Cowie-bywater Procedure .......................................................................................
Table 71 ..................................................................................................................
Table 72 ..................................................................................................................
Table 73 ..................................................................................................................
Table 74 ..................................................................................................................
3.
Baumann-stockmayer-fixman Procedure ................................................................
Table 75 ..................................................................................................................
Table 76 ..................................................................................................................
Table 77 ..................................................................................................................
Table 78 ..................................................................................................................
4.
Baumann-kurata-stockmayer Procedure ................................................................
Table 79 ..................................................................................................................
Table 80 ..................................................................................................................
Table 81 ..................................................................................................................
Table 82 ..................................................................................................................
VII/240
VII/240
VII/240
VII/240
VII/241
VII/241
VII/241
VII/241
VII/241
VII/241
VII/242
VII/242
VII/242
VII/242
VII/242
VII/243
VII/243
VII/243
VII/243
VII/244
J. References ......................................................................................................................... VII/244

Polymer-solvent Interaction Parameters ..................................................................................................... VII/247
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ VII/247
B. Concentration Variables ..................................................................................................... VII/247
C. Conversion of Concentration Variables .............................................................................. VII/247
D. Basic Equations .................................................................................................................. VII/247
E. Methods of Determination .................................................................................................. VII/248
F. Temperature Dependence .................................................................................................. VII/249
G. Concentration Dependence ................................................................................................ VII/249
H. Molecular Weight Dependence ........................................................................................... VII/250
I.
Polymer-solvent Interaction Parameters, ......................................................................... VII/250
J. References ......................................................................................................................... VII/262

Concentration Dependence of the Viscosity of Dilute Polymer Solutions: Huggins and Schulzblaschke Constants ............................................................................................................................ VII/265
B. Tables ................................................................................................................................ VII/266
xlii
Contents
Table 1. Huggins Constants .................................................................................................
1.1
Poly(dienes) and Poly(alkenes) ..............................................................
1.2
Poly(acrylic Acid) and Poly(methacrylic Acid) Derivatives ......................
1.3
Vinyl Polymers ........................................................................................
1.4
Poly(oxides) ............................................................................................
1.5
Poly(esters) .............................................................................................
1.6
Polyamides .............................................................................................
1.7
Other Compounds ..................................................................................
1.8
Cellulose, Cellulose Derivatives, and Polysaccharides ..........................
Table 2. Schulz-blaschke Constants .....................................................................................
VII/266
VII/266
VII/268
VII/272
VII/277
VII/278
VII/279
VII/280
VII/282
VII/284
C. References ......................................................................................................................... VII/285

Theta Solvents ............................................................................................................................................. VII/291
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
1.
Fundamentals .........................................................................................................
1.1
Thermodynamics ....................................................................................
1.2
Unperturbed Dimensions ........................................................................
2.
Methods to Determine Theta Solvents ....................................................................
2.1
Phase Equilibrium (PE) ...........................................................................
2.2
Second Virial Coefficient (A) ...................................................................
2.3
Cloud Point Titration (CP) .......................................................................
2.4
Cloud Temperature Titration (CT) ...........................................................
2.5
Unperturbed Dimensions (RGM, VM, DM, SM) ......................................
2.6
Other Methods ........................................................................................
VII/291
VII/291
VII/291
VII/292
VII/293
VII/293
VII/293
VII/294
VII/294
VII/294
VII/294
B. Tables of Theta Solvents for Polymers ...............................................................................

Table 1. Homochain Polymers ..............................................................................................
1.1
Poly(alkanes) ..........................................................................................
1.2
Poly(alkenes) ..........................................................................................
1.3
Poly(styrenes) .........................................................................................
1.4
Poly(vinyls) .............................................................................................
1.5
Poly(acrylics) and Related Compounds ..................................................
1.6
Poly(methacrylics) and Related Compounds ..........................................
1.7
Other Carbon Chains ..............................................................................
Table 2. Heterochain Polymers .............................................................................................
2.1
Poly(acetals) and Poly(ethers) ................................................................
2.2
Poly(esters) .............................................................................................
2.3
Poly(amides) ...........................................................................................
2.4
Polyureas and Polyurethanes .................................................................
2.5
Polysaccharides ......................................................................................
2.6
Carbon-sulfur Chains ..............................................................................
2.7
Silicon-oxygen Chains ............................................................................
2.8
Phosphorus-oxygen Chains ....................................................................
VII/295
VII/295
VII/295
VII/299
VII/300
VII/305
VII/307
VII/308
VII/312
VII/313
VII/313
VII/315
VII/316
VII/316
VII/316
VII/317
VII/317
VII/318
C. References ......................................................................................................................... VII/318
Contents
xliii
Fractionation of Polymers ............................................................................................................................ VII/327

A. Principles of Polymer Fractionation .................................................................................... VII/327
B. Fractionation Methods ........................................................................................................
1.
Fractionation by Solubility .......................................................................................
2.
Fractionation by Chromatography ...........................................................................
3.
Cross Fractionation .................................................................................................
4.
Fractionation by Sedimentation ..............................................................................
5.
Fractionation by Diffusion .......................................................................................
6.
Fractionation by Ultrafiltration through Porous Membranes ....................................
7.
Fractionation by Zone Melting .................................................................................
8.
Electron Microscopic Counting Method ..................................................................
VII/328
VII/328
VII/330
VII/332
VII/333
VII/333
VII/333
VII/333
VII/333
C. Tables of Fractionation Systems for Different Polymers .....................................................

1.1
Poly(dienes) ............................................................................................
1.2
Poly(alkenes) ..........................................................................................
1.3
1.4
Poly(methacrylic Acid) and Derivatives ..................................................
1.5
Other - and -Substituted Poly(acrylics) and Poly(methacrylics) .........
1.6
1.7
Poly(vinyl Alcohol), Poly(vinyl Ketones), Poly(vinyl Halides),
Poly(vinyl Nitriles) ...................................................................................
1.8
Poly(vinyl Esters) ....................................................................................
1.9
Poly(styrenes) .........................................................................................
1.10
Other Compounds ..................................................................................
1.11
Random and Alternating Copolymers .....................................................
1.12
Block Copolymers ...................................................................................
1.13
Graft Copolymers ....................................................................................
1.14
Mixture of Polymers ................................................................................
2.1
Poly(phenylenes) ....................................................................................
2.2
Formaldehyde Resins .............................................................................
3.1
Poly(oxides) ............................................................................................
3.2
Poly(carbonates) .....................................................................................
3.3
Poly(esters) .............................................................................................
3.4
Poly(urethanes) and Poly(ureas) ............................................................
3.5
Poly(amides) and Poly(imines) ...............................................................
3.6
Poly(amino Acids) ...................................................................................
3.7
Poly(sulfides), Poly(sulfones), Poly(sulfonamides) .................................
3.8
Poly(silanes) and Poly(siloxanes) ...........................................................
3.9
Poly(phosphazenes) and Related Polymers ...........................................
3.10
Other Compounds ..................................................................................
3.11
Random Copolymers ..............................................................................
VII/333
VII/333
VII/333
VII/336
VII/344
VII/346
VII/351
VII/353
VII/353
VII/355
VII/356
VII/363
VII/366
VII/382
VII/389
VII/395
VII/397
VII/397
VII/397
VII/398
VII/398
VII/404
VII/405
VII/410
VII/411
VII/414
VII/416
VII/418
VII/422
VII/423
VII/425
xliv
Contents
3.12
Block Copolymers ...................................................................................
3.13
4.1
Poly(saccharides) ...................................................................................
4.2
4.3
Mixtures of Polymers ..............................................................................
VII/427
VII/430
VII/431
VII/431
VII/436
VII/438
D. References .........................................................................................................................
1 to 1188 .................................................................................................................................
1189 to 2452 ...........................................................................................................................
2453 to 3608 ...........................................................................................................................
VII/438
VII/438
VII/458
VII/478
Solvents and Non Solvents for Polymers .................................................................................................... VII/497

B. Abbreviations ..................................................................................................................... VII/498
C. Tables of Solvents and Nonsolvents ...................................................................................
1.1
Poly(dienes), Poly(acetylenes) ...............................................................
1.2
Poly(alkenes) ..........................................................................................
1.3
Poly(acrylics), Poly(methacrylics) ...........................................................
VII/499
VII/499
VII/499
VII/500
VII/501
1.3.1 Poly(acrylic Acids) ............................................................................ VII/501

1.3.2 Poly(acrylates) .................................................................................. VII/501
1.3.3 Poly(methacrylates) ......................................................................... VII/501
1.3.4 Poly(disubstituted Esters) ................................................................ VII/502
1.3.5 Poly(acrylamides), Poly(methacrylamides) .....................................
1.4
1.5
Poly(vinyl Alcohols), Poly(acetals), Poly(vinyl Ketones) .........................
1.6
Poly(vinyl Halides) ..................................................................................
1.7
Poly(vinyl Nitrites) ...................................................................................
1.8
Poly(vinyl Esters) ....................................................................................
1.9
Poly(styrenes) .........................................................................................
1.10
Other Compounds ..................................................................................
2.1
Poly(phenylenes) ....................................................................................
2.2
Other Compounds ..................................................................................
Table 3. Main-chain Carbonyl Polymers ...............................................................................
4.1
Main-chain COC Polymers .............................................................
VII/503
VII/503
VII/504
VII/505
VII/506
VII/506
VII/507
VII/508
VII/509
VII/509
VII/510
VII/510
VII/511
VII/511
4.1.1 Poly(oxides) ...................................................................................... VII/511

4.1.2 Poly(carbonates) .............................................................................. VII/513
4.1.3 Poly(esters) ...................................................................................... VII/513
4.1.4 Poly(anhydrides) .............................................................................. VII/515
4.1.5 Poly(urethanes) ................................................................................ VII/515
Contents
4.2
xlv
Main-chain O Heteroatom Polymers ................................................... VII/515

4.2.1 Poly(sulfonates) ................................................................................ VII/515
4.3
4.2.2 Poly(siloxanes) ................................................................................. VII/516

Main-chain CSC and CSN Polymers ...................................... VII/516
4.3.1 Poly(sulfides) .................................................................................... VII/516
4.3.2 Poly(sulfones) ................................................................................... VII/517
4.4
4.3.3 Others ............................................................................................... VII/518

Main-chain CNC Polymers ............................................................. VII/518
4.4.1 Poly(amides) .................................................................................... VII/518
4.4.2 Poly(hydrazides) ............................................................................... VII/520
4.4.3 Poly(ureas) ....................................................................................... VII/521
4.4.4 Poly(carbodiimides) .......................................................................... VII/521
4.4.5 Other Compounds ............................................................................

4.5
Poly(phosphazenes) and Related Compounds ......................................
4.6
Poly(silanes), Poly(silazanes) .................................................................
5.1
Poly(benzoxazoles), Poly(oxadiazoles), Poly(oxadiazolidines) ..............
5.2
Poly(dithiazoles), Poly(benzothiazoles) ..................................................
5.3
Poly(imides) ............................................................................................
VII/521
VII/522
VII/522
VII/523
VII/523
VII/524
VII/524
5.3.1 Poly(benzimides) .............................................................................. VII/524

5.3.2 Poly(pyromellitides) .......................................................................... VII/525
5.3.3 Others ...............................................................................................
5.4
5.5
Poly(benzimidazoles) ..............................................................................
5.6
Poly(piperazines) ....................................................................................
5.7
Poly(anhydrides) .....................................................................................
5.8
Poly(thiophenes) .....................................................................................
5.9
Others .....................................................................................................
Table 6. Formaldehyde Resins .............................................................................................
Table 7. Natural Polymers and Modified Natural Polymers ..................................................
7.1
Natural Rubber and Derivatives ..............................................................
7.2
Cutta Percha ...........................................................................................
7.3
Cellulose and Derivatives .......................................................................
VII/525
VII/526
VII/526
VII/526
VII/527
VII/527
VII/527
VII/528
VII/528
VII/528
VII/529
VII/529
7.3.1 Cellulose ........................................................................................... VII/529

7.3.2 Cellulose Ethers ............................................................................... VII/529
7.3.3 Cellulose Esters ............................................................................... VII/530
7.3.4 Cellulose Nitrate and Sulfate ...........................................................
7.4
Starch and Derivatives ............................................................................
7.5
Other Poly(saccharides) .........................................................................
7.6
Natural Resins ........................................................................................
Table 8. Inorganic Polymers .................................................................................................
Table 9. Poly(electrolytes) ....................................................................................................
VII/531
VII/531
VII/531
VII/532
VII/532
VII/533
xlvi
Contents
Table 10. Block Polymers ....................................................................................................... VII/533
Table 11. Dendrimers ............................................................................................................. VII/534
D. References ......................................................................................................................... VII/536
Specific Refractive Index Increments of Polymers in Dilute Solution ......................................................... VII/547

B. Introduction from the Third Edition ...................................................................................... VII/547
C. Refractometric Calibration Data .......................................................................................... VII/550
D. Tables of Specific Refractive Index Increments of Polymer Solutions .................................
1.1
Poly(dienes) ............................................................................................
1.2
Poly(alkenes) ..........................................................................................
1.3
1.4
1.5
Other - or -Substituted Poly(acrylics) and Poly(methacrylics) ............
1.6
Poly(styrenes) .........................................................................................
1.7
Other Compounds ..................................................................................
Table 2. Main-chain Cyclic Carbon Polymers .......................................................................
3.1
COC Polymers (Poly(oxides), Poly(esters), and Others) ....................
3.2
CSC Polymers (Poly(sulfones) and Others) .......................................
3.3
CNC Polymers (Poly(amides), Poly(isocyanates),
Poly(urethanes), and Others) .................................................................
3.4
Poly(amino Acids) ...................................................................................
3.5
Poly(silanes) and Poly(silazanes) ...........................................................
3.6
Poly(heterocyclics) and Others ...............................................................
Table 4. Cellulose and Derivatives .......................................................................................
VII/551
VII/551
VII/551
VII/553
VII/557
VII/561
VII/573
VII/574
VII/588
VII/594
VII/594
VII/594
VII/599
VII/599
VII/604
VII/606
VII/608
VII/609
VII/611
E. References ......................................................................................................................... VII/615

Particle Scattering Factors in Rayleigh Scattering ...................................................................................... VII/629
A. Introduction: General Relations for a Homogeneous Solute ............................................... VII/629
B. Scattering Factors for Various Molecular Models ................................................................ VII/630
C. Effects of Dispersion in Molecular Weight .......................................................................... VII/631
D. Determination of Molecular Weight and Radius of Gyration ................................................ VII/632
E. Calculation of Scattering Factors ........................................................................................ VII/633
F. Particle Scattering Factors and Dissymmetries .................................................................. VII/633
Table 1. Dissymmetries for Monodisperse Systems ............................................................. VII/634
Table 2. Dissymmetries for Monodisperse and Polydisperse Coils ...................................... VII/634
G. References ......................................................................................................................... VII/635
Dipole Moments of Polymers in Solution ..................................................................................................... VII/637
B. Dipole Moments of Polymers In Solution ............................................................................ VII/638
Table 1. Polyoxides (Polyethers) .......................................................................................... VII/638
Contents
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 4.
Table 5.
Table 6.
Table 7.
Table 8.
Table 9.
Table 10.
Table 11.
Table 12.
Table 13.
Polysulfides (Polythioethers) ...................................................................................

Hydroxyl Terminated Oxide/Sulfide Copolymers ....................................................
Polyesters Derived from Aromatic Diacids ..............................................................
Aliphatic and Cycloaliphatic Polyesters ..................................................................
Polycarbonates .......................................................................................................
Vinyl Polymers ........................................................................................................
Acrylic Polymers .....................................................................................................
Methacrylic Polymers ..............................................................................................
Itaconate Polymers .................................................................................................
Polydienes ..............................................................................................................
Silicon Based Polymers ..........................................................................................
Styrene Copolymers ...............................................................................................
xlvii
VII/639
VII/640
VII/640
VII/641
VII/641
VII/642
VII/643
VII/644
VII/644
VII/644
VII/645
VII/645
C. References ......................................................................................................................... VII/646

Heat, Entropy and Volume Changes for Polymer-liquid Mixtures .............................................................. VII/649
1.
Scope of the Table .................................................................................................. VII/649
2.
Experimental Methods ............................................................................................ VII/649
B. Key for the Tables .............................................................................................................. VII/650
C. Tables of Literature References for Heat, Entropy, and Volume Changes for
Polymer-solvent Mixtures ...................................................................................................
Table 1. Main-chain Carbon Polymers ..................................................................................
1.1
Poly(dienes) ............................................................................................
1.2
Poly(alkenes) ..........................................................................................
1.3
Poly(acrylics) ..........................................................................................
1.4
Vinyl Polymers ........................................................................................
1.5
Poly(styrenes) .........................................................................................
1.6
Other Compounds ..................................................................................
Table 2. Main-chain Carbon Heteroatom Polymers ..............................................................
2.1
Poly(oxides) and Poly(esters) .................................................................
2.2
Poly(amides) ...........................................................................................
2.3
Poly(siloxanes) .......................................................................................
2.4
Derivatives of Cellulose ..........................................................................
2.5
Other Compounds ..................................................................................
VII/650
VII/650
VII/650
VII/651
VII/654
VII/655
VII/657
VII/659
VII/659
VII/659
VII/661
VII/661
VII/662
VII/663
D. References ......................................................................................................................... VII/663

Heats of Solution of Some Common Polymers ........................................................................................... VII/671
B. Table of Heats of Solution .................................................................................................. VII/671
C. References ......................................................................................................................... VII/673
Solubility Parameter Values ......................................................................................................................... VII/675
B. Miscibility of Solvents and Polymers ................................................................................... VII/676
1.
Cohesive Energy Density and the Solubility (Hildebrand) Parameter ..................... VII/676
xlviii
Contents
2.
3.
Cohesive Energy Parameters for Polar Systems .................................................... VII/677

Relationship Between Solubility Parameters and Other Thermodynamic
Parameters ............................................................................................................. VII/677
C. Solubility Parameter Measurements, Calculations, and Correlations ..................................

1.
Solvents ..................................................................................................................
2.
Polymers .................................................................................................................
2.1
Indirect Measurements ...........................................................................
2.2
Correlation Methods ...............................................................................
Table 1. Selected Solvents for Use in Polymer Solvency Testing ........................................
Table 2. Group Contribution to Cohesive Energy Density ....................................................
2.1
Carbon-containing Groups ......................................................................
2.2
Oxygen-containing Groups .....................................................................
2.3
Nitrogen-containing Groups ....................................................................
2.4
Other Groups ..........................................................................................
2.5
Structural Features .................................................................................
Table 3. Contribution to Ecoh and V .......................................................................................
Table 4. Solubility Parameter I: Component Group Contributions ........................................
Table 5. Solubility Parameter II: Component Group Contributions .......................................
Table 6. Equations to be Used for Hoy's System .................................................................
VII/679
VII/679
VII/680
VII/680
VII/682
VII/683
VII/684
VII/684
VII/684
VII/684
VII/684
VII/685
VII/685
VII/686
VII/686
VII/687
D. Solubility
Table 7.
Table 8.
Table 9.
VII/688
VII/688
VII/694
VII/698
VII/698
VII/698
VII/698
VII/699
VII/699
VII/699
VII/699
VII/700
VII/700
VII/700
VII/700
VII/701
VII/701
VII/701
VII/701
VII/702
VII/702
VII/708
VII/709
VII/710
Parameter Tables ................................................................................................

Solubility Parameters of Solvents in Alphabetical Order .........................................
Solubility Parameters of Solvents in Increasing Order of .....................................
Hansen Solubility Parameters of Liquids at 25C ...................................................
9.1
Paraffinic Hydrocarbons .........................................................................
9.2
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ..........................................................................
9.3
Halohydrocarbons ...................................................................................
9.4
Ethers .....................................................................................................
9.5
Ketones ...................................................................................................
9.6
Aldehydes ...............................................................................................
9.7
Esters ......................................................................................................
9.8
Nitrogen-containing Compounds ............................................................
9.9
Sulfur-containing Compounds ................................................................
9.10
Acid Halides and Anhydrides ..................................................................
9.11
Alcohols ..................................................................................................
9.12
Acids .......................................................................................................
9.13
Phenols ...................................................................................................
9.14
Water ......................................................................................................
9.15
Polyhydric Alcohols .................................................................................
Table 10. Solubility Parameters of Polymers ..........................................................................
10.1
Main Chain Carbon Polymers .................................................................
10.2
Main Chain CO Polymers .....................................................................
10.3
Main Chain CN Polymers .....................................................................
10.4
Other Polymers .......................................................................................
Contents
xlix
E. References ......................................................................................................................... VII/711

Optically Active Polymers ............................................................................................................................ VII/715
A. Abbreviations Used ............................................................................................................ VII/715
B. Optically Active Polymers from Chiral Monomers ...............................................................
1.1
Poly(alkenes) ..........................................................................................
1.2
Poly(acrylics) and Related Polymers ......................................................
1.3
Poly(methacrylics) and Related Polymers ..............................................
1.4
Poly(vinyl Ethers), Poly(vinyl Ketones), and Poly(vinyl Esters) ..............
1.5
Poly(styrenes), Poly(carbazoles) ............................................................
1.6
Poly(dienes) ............................................................................................
1.7
Poly(isonitriles) .......................................................................................
1.8
Poly(alkynes) ..........................................................................................
1.9
Poly(maleimides) and Related Polymers ................................................
1.10
Other Compounds ..................................................................................
2.1
Poly(oxides) ............................................................................................
2.2
Poly(esters) .............................................................................................
2.3
Poly (sulfides), Poly(thioesters) ..............................................................
2.4
Poly(urethanes), Poly(ureas) ..................................................................
2.5
Poly(amides) ...........................................................................................
2.6
Poly(isocyanates) ...................................................................................
2.7
Poly(imines) ............................................................................................
2.8
Poly(amino Acids) ...................................................................................
VII/716
VII/716
VII/716
VII/716
VII/717
VII/718
VII/719
VII/720
VII/720
VII/721
VII/722
VII/723
VII/723
VII/723
VII/724
VII/725
VII/725
VII/726
VII/728
VII/728
VII/729
VII/732
C. Optically Active Polymers from Achiral Monomers ..............................................................

4.1
Poly(acrylics) and Related Polymers ......................................................
4.2
Poly(methacrylics) and Related Polymers ..............................................
4.3
4.4
Poly(styrenes) .........................................................................................
4.5
Poly(dienes) ............................................................................................
4.6
Poly(isonitriles) .......................................................................................
4.7
Poly(maleimides) ....................................................................................
4.8
Other Compounds ..................................................................................
5.1
Poly(oxides) and Poly(sulfides) ..............................................................
5.2
Poly(isocyanates) ...................................................................................
VII/733
VII/733
VII/733
VII/734
VII/735
VII/735
VII/735
VII/736
VII/736
VII/737
VII/737
VII/737
VII/738
D. References ......................................................................................................................... VII/739

Anisotropy of Segments and Monomer Units of Polymer Molecules ......................................................... VII/745
Contents
B. Tables of Anisotropy of Segments and Monomer Units of Polymer Molecules ...................
1.1
Poly(dienes) ............................................................................................
1.2
Poly(alkenes) ..........................................................................................
1.3
1.4
1.5
Poly(acrylic Acid) Derivatives with Mesogenic Side Groups ...................
1.6
Poly(methacrylic Acid) Derivatives with Mesogenic Side Groups ...........
1.7
Vinyl Polymers ........................................................................................
1.8
Poly(vinyl) Derivatives with Mesogenic Side Groups ..............................
1.9
Copolymers, Graft and Block Copolymers ..............................................
3.1
Poly(oxides) ............................................................................................
3.2
Poly(esters) .............................................................................................
3.3
Poly(amides) ...........................................................................................
3.4
Poly(peptides) and Nucleic Acids ...........................................................
3.5
3.6
Poly(siloxanes) .......................................................................................
4.1
Poly(imides) ............................................................................................
4.2
Poly(pyrromellitimides) ...........................................................................
4.3
4.4
Poly(benzimidazoles), Poly(benzoxazoles) ............................................
4.5
Poly(saccharides) ...................................................................................
VII/746
VII/746
VII/746
VII/747
VII/747
VII/748
VII/748
VII/749
VII/750
VII/751
VII/751
VII/752
VII/752
VII/752
VII/752
VII/755
VII/755
VII/755
VII/756
VII/756
VII/756
VII/756
VII/757
VII/757
VII/758
C. References ......................................................................................................................... VII/760

Gelation Properties of Polymer Solutions .................................................................................................... VII/765
VIII. Abbreviations of Polymer Names and Chemical Abstract Numbers

Abbreviations for Thermoplastics, Thermosets, Fibers, Elastomers and Additives ...................................
VIII/1
A. Introduction ........................................................................................................................
VIII/1
B. Abbreviations in Alphabetical Order ....................................................................................
VIII/2
C. Abbreviations and Acronyms Based on Poly(monomer) Names ......................................... VIII/15

D. Abbreviations for Polymers Named after a Characteristic Polymer Croup .......................... VIII/17
E. Abbreviations for Polymers Produced by Chemical Transformation of Other
Polymers ............................................................................................................................ VIII/18
F. Abbreviations for Blends, Reinforced Polymers, etc. .......................................................... VIII/19
G. ISO Codes for Thermoplastic Materials ..............................................................................
1.
Codes for ISO Data Blocks 1-5 ...............................................................................
1.1
ISO and DIN Codes for Data Block 1 .....................................................
1.2
ISO Codes for Items in Data Block 2 ......................................................
1.3
ISO Codes for Items in Data Block 3 ......................................................
VIII/19
VIII/19
VIII/19
VIII/20
VIII/20
Contents
1.4
1.5
li
ISO Codes for Extending and Reinforcing Fillers (Data Block 4) ........... VIII/20
ISO Codes for Data Block 5 .................................................................... VIII/21
H. SPI Codes for the Recycling of Plastics .............................................................................. VIII/21

I.
Recommended Abbreviations and Acronyms for Names of Elastomers ............................. VIII/21
J. Abbreviations for Textile Fibers .......................................................................................... VIII/22

Chemical Abstract Registry Numbers and Online Database Searching for Polymer Literature ................ VIII/25
A. Nomenclature ..................................................................................................................... VIII/25
B. CAS Registry Numbers ...................................................................................................... VIII/25
C. Indexing and CAS Registry Number Assignment ................................................................ VIII/26
D. Example Searches .............................................................................................................
1.
Example of a Search Using the Polymer CAS Registry Number ............................
2.
Example of a Search Using the Monomer CAS Registry Number ..........................
3.
Example of a Combined Search .............................................................................
4.
Example of a Copolymer Search ............................................................................
5.
Example of an Engineering Database Search ........................................................
6.
Example of a Search with Punctuation in the Polymer Name .................................
7.
Example of an Engineering Materials Abstracts Search .........................................
8.
Example of a Polymer Trademark Search ..............................................................
VIII/26
VIII/26
VIII/26
VIII/26
VIII/28
VIII/29
VIII/29
VIII/29
VIII/29
E. List of CAS Regisry Numbers of Common Polymers .......................................................... VIII/32
Index .......................................................................................................................................
IX/1
S E C T I O N
R U L E S
N o m e n c l a t u r e
W . V. Metanomski
Chemical Abstracts Service, Columbus, Ohio, USA
A. Introduction
B. IUPAC Recommendations
1. Source-Based Nomenclature
1.1. Homopolymers
1.2. Copolymers
1.3. Nonlinear Macromolecules &
Macromolecular Assemblies
2. Structure-Based Nomenclature
2.1. Regular Single-Strand Organic Polymers
2.2. Regular Double-Strand Organic Polymers
2.3. Regular Single-Strand Inorganic and
Coordination Polymers
2.4. Regular Quasi-Single-Strand Coordination
Polymers
2.5. Irregular Single-Strand Organic Polymers
C. Use of Common and Semisystematic Names
D. Chemical Abstracts (CA) Index Names
E. Polymer Class Names
F. References
A.
1-1
1-1
I-2
I-2
I-2
I-3
I-3
I-6
I-6
I-7
I-7
I-8
I-8
1-11
1-12
INTRODUCTION
Macromolecular (polymer) nomenclature has an almost

50-year history. As early as 1949 there existed a
Subcommission on Nomenclature within the International
Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) under the
chairmanship of Maurice L. Huggins. The Subcommission
was part of the IUPAC Commission on Macromolecules,
chaired then by Herman F. Mark. Other notable pioneers in
polymer science, Jan Joseph Hermans, Otto Kratky, Harry
W. Melville, and George J. Smets, were members of the
Commission.
The Subcommission produced its first official report in
1952. It recognized then, what is just as true today, that the
practice in the field of small molecules of providing
rigorous definitions is impractical for polymers. The latter
consist of molecules not necessarily exactly of the same
size, chemical composition, or structure. The differences
result from the presence of end groups, branches, variation
in orientation of monomeric units, and irregularity in the
sequence of different types of units.
The American Chemical Society (ACS) Division of
Polymer Chemistry established its Nomenclature Commit-
tee in 1963 to try to unify earlier attempts to name polymers

in some coherent way. Their first major project resulted in a
structure-based nomenclature for regular linear polymers,
first published in ACS Polymer Preprints in 1967, adopted
by Chemical Abstracts in 1968, and incorporated in IUPAC
recommendations in 1975 [I].
When the IUPAC Commission on Macromolecules was
elevated to become the IUPAC Division of Macromolecular
Chemistry, the latter in turn established its Commission on
Macromolecular Nomenclature in 1968.
The Commission in the course of its nearly 30 years of
existence produced a series of major documents that have
shaped modern nomenclature and terminology of polymer
science. The recommendations are being published in the
IUPAC official journal, Pure and Applied Chemistry, and
occasionally are republished in the form of a "Compendium" which groups all the currently valid documents in a
single volume. The Commission published its "Compendium of Macromolecular Nomenclature" in 1991 [2]. The
book, which IUPAC has designated the "Purple Book", in
analogy to other IUPAC books ("Blue" - organic, "Red"
- inorganic, "Orange" - analytical, "Green"- physical,
and "Gold" - overall chemistry), has the two most basic
macromolecular nomenclature recommendations: "nomenclature of regular single-strand organic polymers" and
"source-based nomenclature for copolymers". In more
recent years, the Commission extended that basic nomenclature to double-strand (ladder and spiro) organic polymers, irregular and crosslinked polymers, and polymer
blends and interpenetrating networks.
In this article, the basic structure-based and source-based
nomenclature of polymers is explained and illustrated in
some detail. The continuing use of common and
semisystematic nomenclature with reference to specific
tables in this Handbook is highlighted. The current
Chemical Abstracts (CA) index names [3] are compared
and contrasted with the IUPAC practice and typical names
employed in the polymer journals and textbooks.
B.
IUPAC RECOMMENDATIONS
Since polymers, unlike low-molecular-weight compounds,

have no uniform structure and are mixtures of macromolecules of different length and different structural
arrangement, their graphical representation and their names

require a special approach.
Often enough, the structure of the polymer has not been
sufficiently characterized and the researcher cannot draw its
chemical structure. Consequently, no name of the polymer
reflecting its structure is possible.
A polymerization reaction for a polymer formed from
a monomer such as vinyl chloride can schematically be
represented by
polybutadiene
polyethylene
poly(methyl methacrylate)
poly(methyl vinyl ether)
polystyrene
poly(tetrafluoroethylene)
poly(vinyl alcohol)
poly(vinyl acetate)
poly(vinyl chloride)
poly(vinylidene dichloride)
That shows an idealized product. In fact, however, the

polymer consists of long-chains of various lengths. The
repeating units, - C H 2 - C H C l - , are not necessarily all
uniquely oriented and joined in a regular fashion as shown
in the idealized structure above. In addition to "head-totail" links
Parentheses are used when the name of the monomer

consists of two or more words, and when the monomer has
substituents.
These are all olefinic type reactants, from which two
carbon atoms originally linked by a double bond form a
bivalent group:
other links such as "head-to-head"
where R and R [ represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent

group. Many of these are joined, in turn, to each other but
their exact orientation or sequence is seldom known.
On the other hand, different polymers derived from a
single monomer and having identical constitutional units
can still be differentiated by additional information, such as
average molecular weight and other chemical and physical
characteristics.
and "tail-to-tail"
can occur, and the exact sequence of all these repeating

units usually is not known.
This becomes even more complicated when a copolymer
is derived from more than one monomer, such as styrene
and methyl acrylate, which contribute two constitutional or
monomeric units:
They can combine into a polymeric chain, resulting in

many types such as unspecified, statistical, random,
alternating, periodic, block, or graft copolymers.
Because the exact structure of the polymer is not always
known, two systems of naming polymers exist:
source-based nomenclature,
structure-based nomenclature.
1.
Source-Based Nomenclature
1.1. Homopolymers Homopolymers are derived from

only one species of monomer, which may be the actual
starting reactant (or source), or be a hypothetical monomer
if the homopolymer is formed by a modification of another
homopolymer.
The name of the polymer is formed by attaching the
prefix "poly" to the name of the actual or assumed
monomer, or the starting reactant (source), from which the
polymer is derived.
Examples: poly (acrylic acid)
polyacrylonitrile
1.2. Copolymers For copolymers, the names of monomers are cited after the prefix "poly". In addition, an
italicized connective (infix) is placed between the names of
monomers to denote the kind of sequential arrangement by
which the constitutional (monomeric) units, derived from
each monomer, are related in the structure [4].
Seven types of sequence arrangements are listed with
their corresponding connectives:
Type
Connective
unknown or unspecified
statistical (obeying known statistical laws)
random (obeying Bernoullian distribution)
alternating (for two monomeric units)
periodic (ordered sequence of more than two)
block (linear arrangement of blocks)
graft (side blocks chains connected to
main chain)
Examples:
-co-stat-raft-alt-per-block-graft-
poly[styrene-C(?-(methyl methacrylate)!
poly^tyrene-statf-acrylonitrile-statf-butadiene)
poly[ethylene-ran-(vinyl acetate)]
poly[(ethylene glycol)-tf/r-(terephthalic acid)]
poly[formaldehyde-/?er-(ethylene oxide)-per(ethylene oxide)]
polystyrene-&/oc&-polybutadiene
polybutadiene-gra/f-polystyrene
The names of the monomers are those common or

semisystematic names that are encountered most often in
the literature of polymer science. The order of citation of
monomers in copolymer names is arbitrary.
An equally acceptable alternative scheme for naming
copolymers utilizes the prefix "copoly", followed by
citation of the names of the monomers, separated by an
oblique stroke (a solidus). Parentheses are not needed to
enclose monomer names consisting of two or more words.
Examples:
the constituent macromolecules with an italicized connective between them.

Examples:
copoly(styrene/methyl methacrylate)
j"tatf-copoly(styrene/acrylonitrile/butadiene)
ran-copoly(ethylene/vinyl acetate)
a/f-copoly(ethylene glycol/terephthalic acid)
per-copoly(formaldehyde/ethyleneoxide/ethylene oxide)
Wtfc/:-copoly(styrene-butadiene)
gra/-copoly(butadiene-styrene)
1.3. Nonlinear Macromolecules and Macromolecular

Assemblies Most recently, the source-based nomenclature
has been extended for non-linear macromolecules and
macromolecular assemblies [5], The non-linear macromolecules comprise branched, graft, comb, star, cyclic, and
network macromolecules. The macromolecular assemblies
comprise polymer blends, interpenetrating polymer networks, and polymer-polymer complexes.
The following italicized qualifiers can be used as both
prefixes (e.g., blend-, net-) and infixes (connectives) (e.g.,
-blend-, -net-) to designate the skeletal structure of nonlinear macromolecules or macromolecular assemblies:
Type
cyclic
branched, unspecified
short-chain-branched
long-chain-branched
branched with branch point
of functionality /
comb
star
star with / arms
network
crosslink
polymer blend
interpenetrating polymer network
semi-interpenetrating polymer network
polymer-polymer complex
Connective
cyclo
branch
sh-branch
l-branch
f-branch
comb
star
f-star
net
t (Greek iota)
blend
ipn
sipn
compl
2.
poly styrene-com>-poly aery lonitrile

com&-poly(styrene~statf-acrylonitrile)
poly styrene-comZ?- [poly acrylonitrile;
poly(methyl methacrylate)]
4-sfar-polystyrene
star-(po\yA-block-polyB-block-polyC)
star-(polyA; polyB; polyC)
star-(polyacrylonitrile; polystyrene)
(M1 100000:20000)
fte-polystyrene--divinylbenzene
n^-poly[styrene-<3/Kmaleic anhydride)]^-(ethylene glycol)
polystyrene-Weftd-poly(2,6-dimethylphenol)
poly(methyl methacrylate)-We?i(i-poly(tt-butyl
acrylate)
(net-polystyrene)-sipn-poly(vinyl chloride)
[net-poly(styrenQ-stat-butSidiene]-ipn-[netpoly(ethyl acrylate)
Structure-Based Nomenclature
2.1. Regular Single-Strand Organic Polymers For

regular organic polymers which have only one species of
constitutional repeating unit (CRU) in a single sequential
arrangement and consist of single strands only, the name is
poly(constitutional repeating unit),
wherein the repeating group is named as a bivalent organic
group according to the IUPAC nomenclature rules for
organic compounds [I]. Each such repeating group can
consists of simple or substituted subunits such as:
methylene
ethylene
vinylene
hexane-l,6-diyl
1-chloroethylene
1 -oxopropane-1,3-diyl
adipoyl
1,4-phenylene
cyclohexane-1,4-diyl
oxy
thio
sulfonyl
imino
methylimino
hydrazo
piperidine-1,4-diyl
In naming non-linear homopolymer molecules, the

italicized prefix for the skeletal structure of the macromolecule is placed before the source-based name of the
constituent linear chain.
Assemblies of macromolecules held together by noncovalent bonds are named by a combination of the names of
silanediyl
dimethylsilanediyl
Before the total constitutional repeating unit (CRU) can
be given a unique name, a single preferred CRU must be
selected.
References page 1-12
For instance, in a polymer such as
it is immediately evident that a three-atom group (oxygen,

chlorine-substituted methylene group, and methylene
group) are being regularly repeated. Yet, the CRU can be
identified in at least three ways
d. for carbon-only acyclic chains, seniority is determined first by length, then by the number of
substituents, by the ascending order of locants,
and, finally, by the alphabetical order of the names of
the substituent groups.
c. carbocycles, e.g., 1,4-phenylene:
In all cases, the basic seniority rules apply only to those

atoms or groups of atoms that are in the main chain. The
kinds of substituents on the main chain (whether acyclic
carbon-only groups, or hetero-atom-containing groups, or
any ring systems) do not affect the selection of the CRU,
unless identical basic subunits in the chain have to be
further differentiated by the number of substituents and
their alphabetical order, but not by the type of the
substituent.
If completely identical subunits are separated by other
subunits, the direction of citation is determined by the
shorter part between them.
The preferred CRU is the one beginning with the subunit
of highest seniority. To establish direction, one proceeds
from this subunit to the neighboring subunit of the same
or next in seniority. In the example of a poly(chloroethylene oxide), shown above, where a regularly repeating
structure has been assumed, the subunit of the highest
seniority is the oxygen atom and the subunit next in
seniority is a substituted - C H 2 - C H 2 - . The substituted
subunit, - C H C l - C H 2 - , is oriented in such a way that the
substituent, chlorine atom, is assigned the lowest locant (1
rather than 2). The CRU is written to read from left to right.
Thus, the preferred CRU is
cyclobutane-1,3-diyl:
d. carbon-containing acyclic groups,
e.g., 1-chloroethylene: - C H C l - C H 2 propane-1,3-diyl: - C H 2 - C H 2 - C H 2 -
and the polymer
To obtain a unique name based on a preferred CRU, several

rules have to be applied. Rules have been developed to
specify both seniority among subunits, that is, the point at
which to begin writing the CRU, and also the direction in
which to move along the chain from left to right to reach
the end of the chain.
The order of seniority among the types of bivalent
groups that are parts of the chain of a single-strand polymer
is
a.
heterocycles, e.g., piperidine-l,4-diyl:

thiophene-2,5-diyl:
b. heteroatomic acyclic groups, e.g., oxy: - O - ,

sulfonyl: - S O 2 - , imino: - N H -
Within each structural type, the seniority is established by

further criteria:
a.
for heterocycles, a ring system containing nitrogen is

senior to a system containing a hetero atom other
than nitrogen, with further descending order of
seniority governed by the greatest number of rings in
the ring system, the largest individual ring in the ring
system, the largest number of hetero atoms, and the
greatest variety of hetero atoms;
b. for heteroatomic acyclic chains, oxygen is senior to
sulfur, sulfur to nitrogen, nitrogen to phosphorus,
phosphorus to silicon, silicon to germanium, etc.;
c. for carbocycles, a three-ring system is senior to a
two-ring system, a two-ring system containing two
6-membered rings is senior to one containing a 5and a 6-membered rings, a fused two-ring system
(two atoms common to both rings) is senior to a
spiro two-ring system (one atom in common), and an
unsaturated ring is senior to a saturated ring of the
same size;
is named
poly [oxy (1 -chloroethylene)]
The second example:
poly [(methylimino)methyleneimino-1,3-phenylene]
illustrates a polymer whose CRU starts with a substituted
nitrogen atom and proceeds through the shortest path to
the unsubstituted nitrogen atom and then through a
carbocycle.
The chemical structure of the CRU is enclosed in
parentheses or brackets. While dashes representing chemical bonds may be omitted within the formula unless
necessary for clarity, at the ends of the CRU, dashes must
be shown. They are drawn across the enclosing marks.
symbol a denoting the left-hand end group and the symbol

co denoting the other end group.
The third example:
Example:
poly(pyridine-3,5-diylcarbonyloxymethylene)
shows a polymer, whose CRU starts with a heterocycle and
then proceeds through a substituted carbon atom to a hetero
atom.
If the end groups of the chain are known, they may be
specified by adding prefixes to the polymer name, with the
Structure
a-(trichloromethyl)-co-chloropoly (1,4-phenylenemethylene)
The following table compares and contrasts structurebased and source-based names of some common polymers.
Structure-based name
Source-based or trivial name
Poly(methylene)
Poly(propylene)
Polyethylene
Polypropene
Poly (1,1 -dimethylethylene)

Poly (1 -methyl-1 -butenylene)
Polyisobutylene
Polyisoprene
Poly (1 -phenylethylene)
Polystyrene
PoIy(I -chloroethylene)
Poly(vinyl chloride)
Poly (1 -cyanoethylene)
Poly aery lonitrile
PoIy(I-acetoxyethylene)
Poly(vinyl acetate)
PoIy(1,1-difluoroethylene)
Poly(difluoromethylene)
Poly(vinylidene fluoride)
Polytetrafluoroethylene
Poly[(2-propyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-diyl)methylene]
Poly(vinyl butyral)
Poly[ 1 -(methoxycarbonyl)-1 -methylethylene]
Poly(methyl methacrylate)
Poly(oxyethylene)
Poly(ethylene oxide)
Poly(oxy-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(phenylene oxide)
Poly[imino(l-oxohexane-1,6-diyl)]
Poly(e-caprolactam)
Poly(oxyethyleneoxyterephthaloyl)
Poly(ethylene terephthalate)
Poly(iminoadipoyliminohexamethylene)
Poly(hexamethylenediamine-a/?-adipic acid)
or poly(hexamethylene adipamide)
Poly(maleic anhydride-a/r-styrene)
Poly[(2,5-dioxotetrahydrofuran-3,4-diyl)( 1 -phenylethylene)]
2.2. Regular Double-Strand Organic Polymers In a

double-strand polymer, the macromolecules consist of an
uninterrupted sequence of rings with adjacent rings having
two or more atoms in common (a ladder polymer) or one
atom in common (a spiro polymer).
As for a single-strand polymer, a single preferred
constitutional repeating unit (CRU) must be selected in
order to obtain a unique name [6]. The CRU is usually a
tetravalent group denoting attachment to four atoms and is
named according to the usual rules of organic nomenclature. Again, the name of the polymer is in the form of
common at each junction:
the name based on the preferred CRU is
poly(constitutional repeating unit)

Since the polymer has a sequence of rings, in order to
identify a preferred CRU, the rings must be broken by
observing the following criteria in decreasing order of
priority:
a. minimize the number of free valences in the CRU,
b. maximize the number of most preferred hetero atoms
in the ring system,
c. retain the most preferred ring system, and
d. choose the longest chain for acyclic CRU.
Further decisions are based on the seniority of ring
systems (indicated in the preceding section), on the
orientation of the CRU to give the lowest free valence
locant at the lower left of the structural diagram, and on
placing the acyclic subunits, if any, on the right side of the
ring system within the CRU.
For a polymer consisting of adjacent 6-membered
saturated carbon rings:
the name of the preferred CRU, which in this case is an

acyclic chain of four carbon atoms with four free valences
at each atom (the lowest at the lower left), is
poly (butane-1,4: 3,2-tetrayl)
poly(l,4-dithiin-2,3:5,6-tetrayl-5,6-dicarbonyl)
Here, by applying the seniority of the rings system, the
heterocycle was left intact, but the carbocycle was broken.
That left two bivalent acyclic subunits (carbonyl groups),
which according to the rule, have been placed on the right
side of the cyclic subunit, with attachments as in the
original polymer.
Another, still more complex ladder polymer, derived
from the polycondensation of 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride with 1,2,4,5-benzenetetramine:
poly[(7-oxo-7//,10//-benz[<ie]imidazo[4/,5/: 5,6]benzimidazo [2,l-a]isoquinoline-3,4:10,ll-tetrayl)-10-carbonyl]

illustrates a six-ring system with four free valences oriented
in such a way that the lowest free valence locant is at lower
left. It is followed within the total CRU by an acyclic group
at the upper right side of the diagram.
For a polymer consisting of regularly repeating adjacent
cyclohexane and 1,3-dioxane rings in a spiro sequence (one
atom in common at each junction):
the preferred CRU and the name are:
The free valence locants are always placed just in front of

the corresponding ending of the tetravalent unit and are
cited in the order
lower-left, upper-left: upper-right, lower-right
that is, in a clockwise direction, the left locants being
separated from the right locants by a colon.
For a more complex ladder polymer consisting of an
alternating sequence of 6-membered sulfur-containing rings
and keto-group containing carbocycles, with two atoms in
poly(2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro[5.5]undecane-3,3:9,9-tetrayl-9,9-diethylene)
2.3. Regular Single-Strand Inorganic and Coordination Polymers The names of inorganic and coordination
polymers are based on the fundamentals developed for
organic polymers [7]. As in the nomenclature of organic
polymers, these rules apply to structural representations
which may at times be idealized and do not take into

account irregularities, chain imperfections, or random
branching.
A constitutional repeating unit (CRU) is selected and
named. However, because of the basic difference between
the organic and inorganic nomenclature, the subunits of the
CRU are not named as bivalent groups, but as inorganic or
coordination groups indicating covalent and/or coordinate
bonding.
The name of the polymer is the name of the CRU
prefixed by the term "poly", "catena", or other structural
indicator. In order to arrive at the preferred CRU, seniorities
of the constitutent subunits are considered as well as the
preferred direction for the sequential citation.
The constituent subunit of the highest seniority must
contain one or more central atoms; bridging groups
between central atoms in the backbone of the polymer are
of lower seniority. This is consistent with the principle of
coordination nomenclature which puts the emphasis on the
coordination center.
Examples of homoatomic backbones are
catena-poly [dimethyltin]
caterca-poly[(difluorosilicon)
(dimethylsilicon)]
More common coordination polymers consist of a

mononuclear central atom with a bridging ligand. The
CRU of such a polymer cites the central atom first, which is
prefixed by its associated non-bridging ligands, followed in
turn by the name of the bridging ligand prefixed by the
Greek letter \i:
2.4. Regular
Quasi-Single-Strand
Coordination
Polymers In a regular quasi-single-strand coordination
polymer, the preferred CRU has one terminal constituent
subunit connected through a single atom to the next CRU
[7]. Such polymers are named as single-strand coordination
polymers:
catena-poly [palladiumdi-u-chloro]
catena-polyfsilicondi-u-thio]
catena-poly[platinum(ubromo-u-chloro)]
catena-poly [titaniumtri-u-chloro]
2.5. Irregular Single-Strand Organic Polymers Irregular polymers are named by placing the prefix "poly" before
the structure-based names of the constitutional units,
collectively enclosed in parentheses or brackets, with the
individual constitutional units separated by an oblique
stroke (a solidus) [8]. The stroke indicates the irregular or
unknown sequential arrangement of these units. The dashes
at each end of the formula are drawn fully inside the
enclosing marks to denote that these are not necessarily
terminal bonds of the macromolecule.
For instance, a partially hydrolyzed poly(vinyl acetate)
containing units:
is represented graphically and named:
catena-poly [(amminechlorozinc)-u-chloro]
catena-pory[(dihydroboron)-ju-(dimethylamido)]
poly( 1 -acetoxyethylene/1 -hydroxyethylene)
Multiple bridging ligands between the pair of central

atoms are cited in alphabetic order. Italicized element
symbols indicating the coordinating atoms in bridging
ligands are cited in the order of direction of the CRU and
are separated by a colon:
A copolymer of vinyl chloride and styrene joined head-totail is
poly (1 -chloroethy lene/1 -pheny lethylene)

A chlorinated polyethylene consisting of units
catena-poly [copper-[|i-chloro-bis-u-(diethyl
S')] -copper- u-chloro]
disulfide-S:
is shown and named as
poly(chloromethylene/dichloromethylene/methylene)
C.
USE OF COMMON AND SEMISYSTEMATIC NAMES
The main purpose of chemical nomenclature is to identify a

chemical species by means of written or spoken words for a
useful communication among chemists. A systematic
nomenclature arose from the need to provide a relationship
between the structure and the name. In other words, the
reader should be able to deduce and identify the structure
from the name.
Traditional names, however, not necessarily based on
structures, have been widely used for many common
compounds. These are the so-called common, trivial, or
semisystematic names, which are satisfactory for communication within a given special chemical field.
It was earlier stated that in the macromolecular
nomenclature IUPAC is recommending the use of common
and semisystematic names for monomers in the sourcebased polymer names. The structure-based names, on the
other hand, are more related to the structural characteristic
of the polymers. But even there, IUPAC allows for a limited
number of common names for such substituent groups as
"allyl" and "vinyl", and for bivalent groups such as
"adipoyl" and "terephthaloyl".
The authors in this Handbook for the most part are using
the IUPAC-recommended names, or very close variants
thereof. On the other hand, in some compilations such as
"Crystallographic Data for Various Polymers" (in Section
VI), the author provides an excellent introduction and
explanation of the names used. For some structure-based
names, reflecting constitutional repeating units (CRU),
especially for those with a center of symmetry, the naming
of linking bivalent groups begins with the central subunit
and proceeds in both directions. The IUPAC method selects
the most senior bivalent group and proceeds naming from
left to right.
In no case, there is any misunderstanding in either case as

to which structure is associated with each name.
Abbreviations and acronyms are also extensively used in
the chemical literature for monomers, polymers, as well as
for additives, modifiers, and fillers. Their extensive list is
provided in Section VIII of this Handbook.
As is clearly stated there, the same abbreviation is often
used for different monomers and polymers, and the same
polymer may have different abbreviations or acronyms.
Examples:
1. DPP
2. PVA
3. trioctyl phosphate
4. polyacrylonitrile
diphenyl phthalate
dipropyl phthalate
poly(vinyl alcohol)
poly(vinyl acetate)
TOF
TOP
PAC
PAN
The IUPAC policy [9] on the use of abbreviations in the

chemical literature states that there are great advantages in
defining all abbreviations in a single conspicuous place in
each paper, preferably near the beginning of the paper in a
single list. An alternative is to define each abbreviation
fully the first time it appears in the text. No abbreviations
should be used in the titles of publications. A chapter of this
Handbook contains a set of abbreviations recognized by
international organizations.
D.
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS (CA) INDEX NAMES
Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS), the publisher of printed

Chemical Abstracts (CA) and corresponding products and
services in microform, online databases, CD-ROM, and
World Wide Web also names the polymers, selected for
inclusion in the CAS Chemical Registry System and in the
CA Chemical Substance Indexes, in two ways:
a.
Examples:
Handbook name: poly(4,4'-sulfonyldiphenylene carbonate)

IUPAC name: poly(oxycarbonyloxy-l,4-phenylenesulfonyl-1,4-phenylene)
2.
Handbook name: poly (oxy die thy lene succinate)

IUPAC name: poly(oxyethyleneoxyethyleneoxysuccinyl)
in terms of the component monomer(s) from which

they are prepared
b. in terms of the final structure of the resulting
polymer.
There are definitive rules that govern when each type of
structure is recorded and named [3], The primary,
comprehensive representation of polymers by CAS is by
citation of the component monomer(s) because, in many
cases, the structure of the final polymer is either not known
or is not described in sufficient detail by the author.
When the polymer structure is well documented by the
author or can be confidently assumed, because one and only
one structure is chemically possible, then a supplementary
representation with a corresponding systematic name is
added to the CAS Registry System and included in the
printed indexes and online files.
The chemical nomenclature used by CAS has developed

in parallel, and generally in accordance, with the rules and
recommendations published by IUPAC. However, their
rules of systematic nomenclature do not necessarily lead to
a unique name for each compound, but do lead to an
unambiguous one. This causes no difficulty in normal
scientific communication, but is unacceptable in a formal,
rigidly controlled, alphabetic listing such as the CA
Chemical Substance Index.
The CA index names must not only be unambiguous,
unique, and totally reproducible, but also selected so as to
bring the names of structurally related substances into
juxtaposition in the alphabetic index. CAS has always
recognized that, while a unique name is needed for an index
and for substance identification, the use of such invariant
name in scientific papers is neither practicable nor
desirable.
In this section, it is intended to highlight the characteristics of the CA index names for polymers and compare
them with some of the typical names used in the scientific
community.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
IUPAC rules have been adapted to the specific needs

of a highly ordered alphabetical index.
Most common names were eliminated and exceptional treatment for various classes of substances
was discontinued.
A single preferred name is determined for each
identifiable substance.
A strict order of precedence of chemical functions
and compound classes is followed to determine the
preferred "index heading parent".
A total name is "inverted" by citing first the index
heading parent (usually, basic skeleton name with a
locant and suffix denoting the principal function),
followed by the comma of inversion, the substituents,
and the modification (derivative of the principal
function), e.g., 2-propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, methyl
ester
As mentioned above, most common names, including

those still sanctioned by IUPAC, have been replaced by
fully systematic names. The following is a short list of most
common monomers with both common names and CA
Index names:
Common
acrylamide
acrylic acid
acrylonitrile
adipic acid
8-caprolactam
8-caprolactone
ethylene glycol
ethylene oxide
fumaric acid
CA Index names (inverted form)

2-propenamide
2-propenoic acid
2-propenamide
hexanedioic acid
2//-azepin-2-one, hexahydro2-oxepanone
1,2-ethanediol
oxirane
2-butenedioic acid, (E)-
glycolic acid
hydroquinone
isophthalic acid
lactic acid
maleic acid
maleic anhydride
melamine
methacrylic acid
methyl acrylate
phthalic anhydride
propylene oxide
styrene
terephthalic acid
vinyl alcohol
vinyl chloride
vinylidene chloride
acetic acid, hydroxy1,4-benzenediol

1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid
propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy2-butenedioic acid, (Z)2,5-furandione
1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine
2-propenoic acid, 2-methyl2-propenoic acid, methyl ester
1,3-isobenzofurandione
oxirane, methylbenzene, ethenyl1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid
ethenol
ethene, chloroethene, 1,1-dichloro-
Similarly, commonly named substituent and multiplying

groups have their systematic equivalents in CA Indexes:
adipoyl
allyl
tert-butyl
ethylene
hexamethylene
isopropyl
succinyl
vinyl
vinylene
1,6-dioxo-1,6-hexanediyl
2-propenyl
1,1 -dimethylethyl
1,2-ethanediyl
1,6-hexanediyl
1-methylethyl
1,4-dioxo-1,4-butanediyl
ethenyl
1,2-ethenediyl
Homopolymers are described by the term "homopolymer" cited in the modification under the monomer name in
the index. In the structural diagram derived from the CAS
Registry System records, the structure of the monomer is
enclosed in parentheses followed by a subscript "x". The
corresponding empirical formula is also expressed in a
similar way.
Examples:
1. Poly (methacrylic acid):
(CH 2 =CH-COOH) x
CH3
(C 4 H 6 O 2 ),
CA name: 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, homopolymer
2. Polystyrene:
(CH2=CH)x
C6H5
(C 8 H 8 ),
CA name: Benzene, ethenyl-, homopolymer
3. PoIy(11-aminoundecanoic acid):
(H 2 N-(CH 2 )Io-COOH),
(C 11 H 23 NO 2 ),
CA name: Undecanoic acid, 11-amino-, homopolymer
4. Poly (lac tic acid):

(CH3-CH-COOH)x
OH
(C3H6O3)*
CA name: Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, homopolymer
Copolymers formed from two or more monomers are
described by the term "polymer with" (followed by the
other monomers in alphabetical order) cited in the
modification under each monomer name. In the structural
diagram derived from the CAS Registry System records, the
structures of monomers, separated by a period or periods,
are enclosed in parentheses followed by a subscript ' V .
The corresponding empirical formulas are similarly expressed. The descriptors alternating, block, and graft are
cited whenever applicable.
Examples:
1. Butadiene-vinyl ethyl ether copolymer:
(CH2=CH-CH=CH2CH2=CH-O-CH2CH3)X
(C4H8OC4H6)Jt (in Formula Index order)
CA names: 1,3-Butadiene, polymer with ethoxyethene
Ethene, ethoxy-, polymer with 1,3butadiene
2. Isophthalic acid-terephthalic acid-ethylene glycol
polyester:
(HOOC-m-C6H4-COOHHOOC-p-C6H4-COOHOH-(CH2)2-OH)X
(C 8 H 6 O 4 C 8 H 6 O 4 C 2 H 6 O 2 ),
CA names: 1,3-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, polymer
with 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid and
1,2-ethanediol
1,4-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, polymer
with 1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid and
1,2-ethanediol
1,2-Ethanediol, polymer with 1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid and 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid
Telomers are named as copolymers with the term
"telomer with" cited in the modification under both the
monomer (taxogen) and the chain-transfer agent (telogen).
In the structural representation, the monomer is enclosed in
parentheses with a subscript "*", followed by the telogen
structure. The corresponding empirical formula is
expressed in the same way.
Examples:
1. Vinylpyrrolidone homopolymer terminated with
mercaptopropionic acid:
CA names: 2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-ethenyl-, telomer

with 3-mercaptopropanoic acid
Propanoic acid, 3-mercapto-, telomer
with l-ethenyl-2-pyrrolidinone
2. Acrylic acid-vinyl choride copolymer terminated
with carbon tetrachloride:
(CH 2 =CH-COOH-CI-CH=CH 2 )X-CCI 4
(C3H4O2C2H3Cl)xCCl4
CA names: 2-Propenoic acid, telomer with chloroethene and tetrachloromethane
Ethene, chloro-, telomer with 2-propenoic acid and
tetrachloromethane
Methane, tetrachloro-, telomer with chloroethene
and 2-propenoic acid
Structural repeating units (SRU), equivalent to IUPAC
constitutional repeating units (CRU), are selected and
named for polymers that have well documented regular
structure, or can confidently be assumed. Assumptions are
made for
a. polyamides formed from a dibasic acid (ester or
halide) and a diamine; from an amino acid (ester or
halide); from a lactam;
b. polyesters formed from a dibasic acid (anhydride,
ester, or halide) and a dihydric alcohol (phenol);
from a hydroxy acid (ester, halide); from a lactone;
c. polycarbonates formed from carbonic acid (ester,
dihalide) and a dihydric alcohol (phenol);
d. polyurethanes formed from a diisocyanate and a
dihydric alcohol (phenol).
The structural repeating unit is named by citation of one
or more multivalent radicals of regular substitutive
nomenclature. The selection of the preferred SRU, its
orientation, and the construction of the name, proceeding
from left to right, follows the same rules as those in the
IUPAC recommendations for the CRU. In CA names,
however, the names of the radicals are fully systematic, as
explained and contrasted above. The empirical formula is
enclosed in parentheses followed by a subscript "n".
Examples:
1. Nylon 11:
CA name: Poly[imino(l-oxo-l,ll-undecanediyl)]
2. Poly(ethylene adipate):
CA name: Poly[oxy-1,2-ethanediyloxy(1,6-dioxo1,6-hexanediyl)]
3. Poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK):
CA name: Poly(oxy-1,4-phenyleneoxy-1,4-phenylenecarbonyl-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(alkylene glycols) and their ethers and esters are
indexed in CA as structural repeating units with the
specified end groups, if aplicable.
Examples:
1. Poly(ethylene glycol):
HfO-CH 2 -CH 2 ^ n OH
CA name: Poly(oxy-l,2-ethanediyl), a-hydroco-hydroxy2. Poly(trimethylene glycol) dimethyl ether:
CH3 4 0 - C H 2 - C H 2 - C H 2 ^ O - C H 3
CA name: Poly(oxy-1, 3-propanediyl), a-methylco-methoxy3. Poly(tetramethylene glycol) diacrylate:
CH2=CH-C(O) 40-CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 ^ n
0-C(O)-CH=CH 2
CA name: Poly(oxy-1, 4-butanediyl), a-(l-oxo2-propenyl)-co- [(1 -oxo-2-propenyl)oxy ] E. POLYMER CLASS NAMES
In most textbooks, handbooks, encyclopedias, and indexes
to polymer nomenclature, information on polymer is
grouped under polymer class names. The following is a
list of such terms extracted from these sources.
Acrylic Polymers
Alkyd resins
Aminoplasts
Coumarone-indene-resins
Epoxy resins
Fluoropolymers
Phenolic resins
Polyacetals
Polyacetylenes
Polyacrylics
Polyalkylenes
Polyalkenylenes
Polyalkynylenes
Polyamic acids
Polyamides
Polyamines
Polyanhydrides
Polyarylenealkenylenes
Polyarylenealkylenes
Polyarylenes
Polyazomethines
Polybenzimidazoles
Polybenzothiazoles
Polybenzoxazinones
Polybenzoxazoles
Polybenzyls
Polycarbodiimides
Polycarbonates
Polycarboranes
Polycarbosilanes
Polycyanurates
Polydienes
Polyester-polyurethanes
Polyesters
Polyetheretherketones
Polyether-polyurethanes
Polyethers
Polyhydrazides
Polyimidazoles
Polyimides
Polyimines
Polyisocyanurates
Polyketones
Polyolefins
Polyoxadiazoles
Polyoxides
Polyoxyalkylenes
Polyoxyarylenes
Polyoxymethylenes
Polyoxyphenylenes
Polyphenyls
Polyphosphazenes
Polypyrroles
Polypyrrones
Polyquinolines
Polyquinoxalines
Polysilanes
Polysilazanes
Polysiloxanes
Polysilsesquioxanes
Polysulfides
Polysulfonamides
Polysulfones
Polythiazoles
Polythioalkylenes
Polythioarylenes
Polythioethers
Polythiomethylenes
Polythiophenylenes
Polyureas
Polyurethanes
Polyvinyl acetals
Polyvinyl butyrals
Polyvinyl formals
Vinyl polymers
These classes are not mutually exclusive, some are

relatively generic and some more specific. Some of them
could be grouped and arranged in a hierarchy, e.g.,

Polyacetals
Polyvinyl acetals
polyvinyl butyrals
polyvinyl formals
Polyesters
polycarbonates
Polyethers
epoxy resins
polyetheretherketones
polyoxyalkylenes
polyoxymethylenes
polyoxyarylenes
polyoxyphenylenes
Some are synonymous or near synonymous, e.g.,

polyalkenylenes and polydienes, polyalkynylenes and
polyacetylenes, polyethers and polyoxides, polythioethers
and polysulfides.
F. REFERENCES
1. IUPAC, "Nomenclature of Regular Single-Strand Organic
Polymers (Recommendations 1975)", Pure Appl. Chem. 48,
373 (1976). Reprinted as Chapter 5 in Ref. 2.
2. IUPAC, "Compendium of Macromolecular Nomenclature".
W. V. Metanomski, (Ed.), Blackwell Scientific, Oxford,
1991.
3. Chemical Abstracts Service, "CA Index Guide 1997",

Appendix IV, "Chemical Substance Index Names",
Chemical Abstracts Service, Columbus, Ohio, 1997.
4. IUPAC, "Source-Based Nomenclature for Copolymers
(Recommendations 1985)", Pure Appl. Chem. 57, 1427
(1985). Reprinted as Chapter 7 in Ref. 2.
5. IUPAC, "Source-Based Nomenclature for Non-Linear
Macromolecules and Macromolecular Assemblies (Recommendations 1997)", Pure Appl. Chem. 69, 2511 (1997).
6. IUPAC, "Nomenclature of Regular Double-Strand (Ladder
and Spiro) Organic Polymers (Recommendations 1993)",
Pure Appl. Chem. 65, 1561 (1993).
7. IUPAC, "Nomenclature for Regular Single-Strand and
Quasi-Single-Strand Inorganic and Coordination Polymers
(1985). Reprinted as Chapter 6 in Ref. 2.
8. IUPAC, "Structure-Based Nomenclature for Irregular
Single-Strand Polymers (Recommendations 1994)", Pure
Appl. Chem. 66, 873 (1994).
9. IUPAC, "Use of Abbreviations in the Chemical Literature
(1980).
U n i t s
J. Brandrup
Wiesbaden, FR Germany
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
A.
Introduction
International Units
Si-Prefixes
Conversion Factors
Conversion Table for SI vs. English-American
Units
1-13
1-13
1-14
1-14
1-17
INTRODUCTION
The International System of Units (1) is used in this

Handbook as far as possible, since this system has become
obligatory in many European countries and since it is
supported by the National Bureau of Standards (2) and the
American Society for Testing and Materials (3). Only
cursory information is given here for units needed in this

Handbook. Detailed information may be found in the
following References:
1. "Si-units and recommendations for the use of their
multiples and of certain other units'', ISO 1000-1973.
2. "The International System of Units (SI)", Eds. C. H.
Page, P. Vigoreux, Natl. Bur. Std. Spec. Publ., 1981, 330.
3. "Standard Metric Practice Guide", ASTM E-380-85.
4. Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical Quantities and Units; Pergamon Press, Oxford 1979
(Pure Appl. Chem., 51, 1 (1979).
5. F. S. Conant, using the SI units, Polym. Eng. ScL, 17,
222 (1977) (further references).
B. INTERNATIONAL UNITS
Selection of multiples
of the Si-unit
Quantity
Si-unit
Length
Area
Volume
Time
Frequency
Mass
Density
Force
m (metre)
m2
m3
s (second)
Hz (hertz)
kg (kilogram)
kg/m3
N (newton)
km, cm, mm, jum, nm

km2, dm2, cm2, mm2
dm3, cm3, mm3
ks, ms, us, ns
THz, GHz, MHz, kHz
Mg, g, mg, jag
mg/m3; kg/dm3; g/cm3
MN, kN, mN, uN
Pressure
Pa (pascal)
or N/m2
GPa, MPa, kPa,

mPa, uPa
Stress
Viscosity (dynamic)
Viscosity (kinematic)
Surface tension
Energy, work, heat
Pa or N/m2
Pas
m2/s
N/m
J (joule)
Power
Temperature
Thermal conductivity
Heat capacity
Specific heat
Entropy
Amount of substance
Electrical resistance
Electrical conductivity
W (watt)
K (kelvin), 0C
W/mK
J/K
J/(kgK)
J/K
mol (mole)
ft
S (I/ft)
GPa; MPa or N/mm2; kPa

mPas
mm2/s
mN/m
TJ, GJ, MJ,
kJ, mJ
GW, MW, kW, mW, uW
Accepted units
used with SI
Units accepted
temporarily
1A = 10 ~10 m
Non SI units
that should not be used
1 JJ. = 10 ~6 m
litre (1, L) (1 1= 1 dm3)

d, h, min
Iy= 10 ~9 kg
t
t/m3; kg/1
1 bar = 105 Pa
1 atm = 101325 Pa
Electronvolt (eV)
IeV1.602 x 10" 19 J
1 dyn = 10 ~5 N;
pond, kilopond
101325
1 Torr =
Pa
/OU
= 133.32Pa
poise; 1P = 0.1 Pas
stokes; 1 St= 1 cm2/s
dyn/cm
lerg=10~ 7 J
lcal = 4.1868J
I0K=IK
0.86kcal/(mhgrd)
kJ/K
kJ/(kgK)
kJ/K
Mole
1/13
SI-PREFIXES
Factor
Prefix
Symbol
Factor
Prefix
Symbol
10 18
10 15
10 12
10 9
10 6
10 3
10 2
10 l
exa
peta
tera
giga
mega
kilo
hecto
deca
E
P
T
G
M
k
h
da
10 ~l
10 ~2
10 ~3
10 " 6
10 ~9
10 " 1 2
10 ~15
10 ~18
deci
centi
milli
micro
nano
pico
femto
atto
d
c
m
\i
n
p
f
a
in
ft
yd
thou or mil
3.281
8.333 x 10~2
1
3
8.334 xlO~ 5
1.094
2.778 x 10~2
3.333XlO" 1
1
2.778 x 10" 5
3.937 x 104
1.0 x l O 3
1.2 x 104
3.6 x 104
1
D.
CONVERSION FACTORS
Length
Im
in
ft
yd
thou or mil
1
2.540 xlO~ 2
3.048XlO- 1
9.144X10" 1
2.540 xlO~ 5
Area
m2
Im2
sq. in
sq. ft
sq. yd
ar
1
6.452 x 10 ~4
9.29OxIO" 2
8.361 x KT 1
1.0 x l O 2
Volume
m3
1 m3
1 (lit)
cu. in
cu. ft
cu. yd
gal (US)
gal (UK)
Mass
lkg
lbm
ton (metric)
ton (UK)
cwt (UK)
ton (US)
ounce
grain
Density
lkg/m 3
Mg/m 3 =g/cm 3
lbm/cu. ft
lbm/cu. in
lbm/gal (UK)
lbm/gal (US)
3.937XlO 1
1
12
36
1.0 x l O " 3
sq. in
1.55OxIO3
1
1.44OxIO2
1.296 x 103
1.55OxIO5
1 (lit)
1
10~3
1.639 x 10 ~5
2.832 x 10~2
7.646XlO" 1
3.785 x 10~3
4.546 xlO~ 3
sq. ft
103
1
1.639 x 10 ~2
2.832 x 101
7.645 x 102
3.785
4.546
kg
lbm
1
4.536 x 10" 1
1 x 103
1.016 x l O 3
5.080 x 101
9.072 x 102
2.835 x 10~2
6.480 x 10 " 5
2.205
1
2.205 x 103
2.24OxIO 3
1.120 x 102
2.0 x 103
6.250 x 10~2
1.429 x 10 ~8
kg/m3
1
1.OxIO3
1.602 x 101
2.768 x 104
9.978XlO 1
1.198 x 102
1.076XlO1
6.994 x 10 ~3
1
9
1.076 x 103
sq. yd
ar
1.196
7.716 x 10 ~4
1.111 x 10" 1
1
1.196 x l O 2
l.OxlO" 2
6.452 x 10 ~6
9.29OxIO" 4
8.361 x 10" 3
1
cu. in
cu. ft
cu. yd
gal (US)
gal (UK)
6.102 x 104
6.102 x 101
1
1.728 x 103
4.666 x 104
2.31OxIO2
2.774 x 102
3.531 x 10l
3.531 x 10~2
5.787 x 10 ~4
1
2JxIO1
1.337 xlO" 1
1.605 x 10 - 1
1.308
1.308 x 10~3
2.143 x 10~5
3.703 x 10" 2
1
4.951 x 10~3
5.946 x 10~3
2.642 x 102
2.642 x 10" 1
4.329 x 10 ~3
7.481
2.02OxIO2
1
1.201
2.20 x 102
2.20 x 10" 1
3.605 x 10~3
6.229
1.682 xlO 2
8.327 x 10"1
1
ton (UK)
(long ton)
9.842xlO~ 4
4.464 x 10~4
9.842XlO" 1
1
5.0 x 10~2
8.929 x 10" 1
2.790 x 10~5
6.378 x 10 ~8
Mg/m3 = g/cm3
1.0 XlO" 3
1
1.602 x 10" 2
2.768 x 101
9.978 x 10~2
1.198 x 10" 1
cwt (UK)
(long cwt)
ton (US)
(short ton)
ounce
grain
1.968xlO~ 2
8.929 x 10~3
19.68
2.OxIO 1
1
1.786 x 101
5.580 x 10" 4
1.276 x 10 ~6
1.102xl0~ 3
5.0 x 10~4
1.102
1.120
5.600 x 10" 2
1
3.125 x 10~5
7.143 x 10 ~8
3.527XlO 1
1.6 x 101
3.527 x 104
3.584 x 104
1.792 x 103
3.2 x 104
1
2.286 x 10 " 3
1.543 x 104
7.0 x 103
1.543 x 107
1.568 x 107
7.840 x 105
1.4 x 107
4.375 x 102
1
lbm/cu.ft
6.243 XlO" 2
6.243XlO 1
1
1.728 x 103
6.229
7.480
lbm/cu.in
lbm/gal (UK)
lbm/gal (US)
3.613 x 10" 5
3.613xlO~ 2
5.789 x 10~4
1
3.605 x 10~3
4.329 x 10~3
1.002 x 10~2
1.002XlO1
1.605 x 10" 1
2.774 x 102
1
1.201
8.345 x 10" 3
8.345
1.337 x 10" 1
2.310 x 102
8.327XlO" 1
1
Force
IN
kp
lbf
dyn
tonf (UK)
tonf (US)
N (kg m/s2)
kgf, kp
lbf
dyn
tonf (UK) (long ton)
tonf (US) (short ton)
1
9.807
4.448
1.0 x IO"5
9.964 x 103
8.896 x 103
1.02OxIO-1
1
4.536 x 10~!
1.020 x 10~6
1.016 x 103
9.072 x 102
2.248 x HT 1
2.205
1
2.248 x 10~6
2.240 x 103
2.0 x 103
1.0 xlO 5
9.807 x 105
4.448 x 105
1
9.964 x 108
8.896 x 108
1.004 x 10~4
9.842 x 10~4
4.464 x 10~4
1.004 x 10~9
1
8.929 x 10"1
1.124 x 10" 4
1.102 x 10~3
5.0 x 10~4
1.124 x 10~9
1.120
1
Pressure
lPa(=lN/m2)
IkPa
1 MPa (=1 N/mm2
1 bar ( = 0.1 MPa)
lp/cm 2 t
lkp/m 2 t
lat^lkp/cm2)+
1 atm( = 760Torr)t
lTorr(= 1/760atm)f
Psi (lbf/sq. in)
f
Pa
MPa (N/mm 2 )
kPa
1
103
106
105
9.8IxIO 1
9.81
9.8IxIO 4
1.01325 x 105
1.33 x 102
6.895 x 103
10~3
1
103
102
9.8IxIO" 2
9.8IxIO" 3
9.8IxIO 1
1.01325 xlO 2
1.33XlO"1
6.895
10- 6
10" 3
1
10"1
9.8IxIO" 5
9.8IxIO" 6
9.81 x 10~2
1.01325XlO"1
1.33 x 10" 4
6.895 x 10" 3
bar
p/cm 2
kp/m 2
at+
atm*
Torrt
Psi (lbf/sq. in)t
10" 5
10" 2
10 !
1
9.81 x 10"4
9.8IxIO" 5
9.8IxIO" 1
1.013
1.33 x 10" 3
6.895 xlO" 2
1.02 x 10" 2
1.02x10'
1.02 xlO 4
1.02 xlO 3
1
10" !
103
1.033 x 103
1.36
7.03IxIO" 5
1.02XlO-1
1.02 xlO 2
1.02 x 105
1.02 xlO 4
10]
1
104
1.033 x 104
1.36XlO1
7.03IxIO" 6
1.02 x 10~5
1.02 xlO" 2
1.02x10"
1.02
10" 3
10~4
1
1.033
1.36 x 10" 3
7.031 x 10~2
9.87 x 10" 6
9.87 x 10" 3
9.87
9.87 xlO" 1
9.68 x 10 " 4
9.68 x 10" 5
9.68 xlO" 1
1
1.32 x 10" 3
6.805 xlO" 2
7.50xl0~ 6
7.50
7.5OxIO3
7.5OxIO2
7.36x10"'
7.36 x 10"2
7.36 xlO 2
7.6OxIO2
1
5.17IxIO" 1
1.450xl0~ 4
1.45OxIO-1
1.45OxIO2
1.45OxIO1
1.422 x 10 ~2
1.422 x 10~3
1.422XlO1
1.47OxIO1
1.934 x 10"2
1
Non SI units.
Stress
l P a ( = lN/m 2 )
lN/mm 2 (= IMPa)
lkp/cm2 ( = 1 at)t
lkp/mm 2 t
Psi lbf/sq. in
Pa
N/mm2
kp/cm 2t
kp/mm2t
Psi (lbf/sq. in)1
1
106
9.8IxIO 4
9.8IxIO 6
6.895 x 103
10" 6
1
9.8IxIO- 2
9.81
6.895 x 10~3
1.02 XlO" 5
1.02XlO1
1
102
7.031 x 10~2
1.02 xlO" 7
1.02XlO-1
10~2
1
7.031 x 10~4
1.45OxIO-4
1.45OxIO2
1.422XlO1
1.422 xlO 3
1
Non SI units.
Viscosity (dynamic)
lPas
mPas
cP
kps/m2
kph/m2
lbm/(fts)
lbm/(fth)
lbf s/sq. ft
Viscosity (kinematic)
Im2Zs
mm2/s
m2/h
cSt
sq. ft/s
sq. ft/h
Pas
(Ns/rcm2)
(kg/(sm))
1
1.0 x 10- 3
1.0 xlO" 3
9.807
3.530 x 104
1.488
4.134 x 10~4
4.788XlO 1
mPas
(mNs/m2)
cP
1.0 xlO 3
1.0 xlO 3
1
1
1
1
9.807 x 103
9.807 x 103
3.530 x 107
3.530 x 107
1.488 x 103
1.488 x 103
1
4.134 x 10" 4.134 x 10" 1
4.788 x 104 4.788 x 104
m2/s
1
1.0 x 10" 6
2.778 x 10~4
1.0 x IO' 6
9.290 x 10~2
2.581 x 10" 5
mm2/s
1.0 xlO 6
1
2.778 x 102
1.0
9.290 x 104
2.581 x 10" 1
kps/m 2
kph/m2
lbm/(fts)
1.02OxIO-1
1.020 x 10" 4
1.02OxIO-4
1
3.60 x 103
1.518 x 10"1
4.215 x 10~5
4.882
2.833 x 10 ~5
2.833 x 10~8
2.833 xlO~ 8
2.778 x 10" 4
1
4.215 x 10" 5
1.171 x IO"8
1.356 x l O " 3
6.720 x KT 1
6.720 x 10~4
6.72OxIO- 4
6.590
2.372 x 104
1
2.778 x 10" 4
3.2HxIO 1
m2/h
3.6OxIO3
3.60 x 10" 3
1
3.60 x 10- 3
3.345 x 102
9.290 x 10~2
cSt
1.0 x 106
1.0
2.778 x 102
1
9.290 x 104
2.581 x IO1
lbm/(fth)
2.419 x 103
2.419
2.419
2.372 x 104
8.540 x 107
3.60 x 103
1
1.158 x 105
sq. ft/s
1.076 x 10l
1.076 x 10~5
2.990 x 10"3
1.076 x 10~5
1
2.778 x 10~4
lbf s/sq. ft
2.089XlO" 2
2.089 x 10~5
2.089 x 10~5
2.048XlO- 1
7.373 x 102
3.103 x 10~2
8.634 x 10" 6
1
sq. ft/h
3.875 x 104
3.875 x 10~2
1.076 x 101
3.875 x 10" 2
3.60 x IO3
1
N/m (kg/s2)
Surface tension
lN/m
mN/m
kp/m
dyn/cm
Energy
IJ
kWh
kpm
PSh
lbfft
erg
HPh
kcal
BTU
a
J(Nm)
(kgm 2 /s 2 )
1
3.6OxIO6
9.807
2.648 x 106
1.356
1.0 x 10" 7
2.685 x 106
4.187 xlO 3
1.055 x 103
dyn/cm
1.02OxIO-1
1.020 xlO~ 4
1
1.020 x 10 ~4
1.0 xlO 3
1.0
9.807 x 103
1
kgfm
kpm
Psh
lbfft
erg
HPh
kcal
BTUa
1.02OxIO-1
3.67IxIO 5
1
2.70 x 105
1.363 x 10"1
1.020 x 10 " 8
2.737 x 105
4.269 X^ 102
1.076 x 102
3.777xlO~ 7
1.360
3.704 xlO~ 6
1
5.120 x 10"7
3.777 x 10~14
1.014
1.581 x 10" 3
3.985 x 10" 4
7.376X10" 1
2.655 x 106
7.233
1.953 x 106
1
7.375 x 10" 8
1.980 x 106
3.088 x 103
7.782 x 102
1.OxIO7
3.6OxIO13
9.807 x 107
2.648 x 1013
1.356 x 107
1
2.685 x 1013
4.187 xlO 1 0
1.055 x 1010
3.725xlO~ 7
1.341
3.653 x 10~6
9.863 x 10"1
5.051 x 10~7
3.725 x 10~14
1
1.560 xlO~ 3
3.930 x 10~4
2.388xlO~ 4
8.598 x 102
2.342 x 10~3
6.324 x 102
3.238 x 10~4
2.388 x IO' 11
6.412 x 102
1
2.520 x 10"1
9.478xlO~ 4
3.412 x 103
9.295 x 10~3
2.510 x 103
1.285 x 10~3
9.478 x 10"11
2.544 x 103
3.968
1
kWh
2.778xlO~ 7
1
2.724 xlO" 6
7.355 x 10"1
3.766 x 10~7
2.778 x 10"14
7.457 x 10"1
1.163 xlO~ 3
2.931 x 10" 4
kgf/m (kp/m)
1.0 xlO 3
1
9.807 x 103
1.0
1
1.0 xlO~ 3
9.807
1.0 x 10 ~3
British thennal unit.
J (Nm) (kgm 2 /s 2 )
Heat
1J
kcal
BTU
CHU
Wh
a
mN/m
kca!
2.388 x 10" 4
1
2.520 x 10" 1
4.539XlO" 1
8.598XlO" 1
1
4.187 xlO 3
1.055 x 103
1.90OxIO3
3.6OxIO3
BTU
CHU
9.478 x 10~A
3.968
1
1.80
3.412
5.262 x 10" 4
2.203
5.552 x 10" 1
1
1.894
Centigrade heat unit.
Power
W (J/s)
(kgm 2 /s 3 )
kgf m/s
kpm/s
1W
kpm/s
PS
HP
erg/s
ft lbf/s
kcal/h
BTU/h
1
1.020 x IO"1
9.807
1
7.355 x IO2
7.5 x IO1
7.457 x IO2 7.604 x 10l
1.0 x 10" 7 1.020 x 10~8
1.356
1.383 x 10" 1
1.163
1.186 x 10"1
2.931 x 10" 1 2.988 x 10~2
PS
HP (metr)
1.360 x 10" 3
1.333 x 10~2
1
1.014
1.360 x IO"10
1.843 x 10" 3
1.581 x 10" 3
3.985 x 10" 4
HP
1.341 x
1.315 x
9.863 x
1
1.341 x
1.818 x
1.560 x
3.930 x
erg/s
10~3
10" 2
10" 1
10" 10
10" 3
10" 3
10" 4
1.0 x 107
9.807 x 107
7.355 x 109
7.457 x IO9
1 x 10~8
1.356 x IO7
1.163 x IO7
2.931 x IO6
ft lbffs
7.376 x 10"1
7.233
5.425 x IO2
5.50 x IO2
7.375
1
8.578 x 10" 1
2.162 x 10" 1
kcal/h
BTU/h
8.598 x 10" 1
8.432
6.324 x 102
6.412 x IO2
8.598 x 10~8
1.166
1
2.520 x 10" 1
3.412
3.346XlO1
2.510 x IO3
2.544 x IO3
3.412 x 10" 7
4.626
3.968
1
W/mK
(kgm/(s3K))
kcal/(mhC)
BTU/(fthF)
BTU/(inhF)
BTU in/
(sq.fthF)
1 W/(mK)
kcal/(mhC)
BTU/(fthF)
BTU/(inhF)
BTU in/(sq. fthF)
1
1.163
1.731
2.077 x IO1
1.442 x 10" 1
8.598 x 10~!
1
1.488
1.786 x IO1
1.24 x 10" 1
5.778 x 10~J
6.72OxIO" 1
1
1.2 x IO1
8.333 x 10~2
4.815 x 10~2
5.6OxIO" 2
8.333 x 10" 2
1
6.944 x 10~3
6.933
8.064
1.2XlO1
1.44 x IO2
1
Specific heat,
heat capacity
J/kgK
(m2Z(S2K))
kJ/(kgK)
kcal/(kgC)
BTU/(lbmF)
1 J/(kgK)
kJ/(kgK)
kcal/(kgC)
BTU/(lbmF)
Wh/(kgK)
1
1.0 x IO3
4.187 xlO 3
4.187 x IO3
3.6OxIO3
1.0 x 10 ~3
1
4.187
4.187
3.60
2.389 x 10 " 4
2.389 x 10" 1
1
1.0
8.598XlO" 1
2.389 x 10 ~4
2.389 x 10"1
1.0
1
0.8598
E.
C O N V E R S I O N TABLE FOR SI vs. E N G L I S H - A M E R I C A N U N I T S
SI to English-American unit
English-American unit to SI
Length
I m = 1.0936 yd = 3.28 ft
= 39.37 in
1 mm = 0.03937 in
lyd = 3 ft = 0.9144m
l f t = 12 in = 0.3048 m
Im = 25.4 mm
lkg = 2.20461b
lib = 0.45359 kg
1 N = l(kgm)/s 2 = 2.248 x 10" 1 lbf
I M = 4.448 N
1 Pa = 1 N/m 2 = 1.450 x 1O-4 lbf/in2
1 lbf /in 2 = 1 psi = 6.89475 x 103 Pa
Mass, weight
Force
Pressure
4
= 6.89475 x 10 ~2 bar
= 2.953 x 10 ~ in Hg
= 4.015 x 10~ 3 inH 2 O
HnHg = 3.38638 x 103Pa

= 3.38638 x 10"2 bar
1 bar = 105 Pa = 1.450 x 10l lbf /in 2

= 2.953 x 101UiHg
ImH 2 O = 2.49089 x 102Pa
= 4.015 x 10 HiH 2 O
= 2.49089 x 10 " 3 bar
Tension, stress
lN/mm 2 = 1.450 x 10 2 lbf/in 2
1 lbf/in2 = 6.89475 x 10 " 3 N/mm 2
Dynamic viscosity
IPas = (Ns)/m 2 = 2.089 x 10~2 (lbf s)/ft2
1
= lkg/(ms) = 6.72x 10" lbf/(ft s)
1 (lbf s)/ft2 = 4.78802 x 101 Pas

llb/(fts) = 1.488 Pa s
Kinematic viscosity
I m 2 / s = 1.076 x 101 ft 2 /s
Ift 2 /s = 9.29x 10~ 2 m 2 /s
U = I W s = INm = 7.376 x 10"1 ftlbf
1 ft lbf = 1.35582 J
Energy, quantity of heat
IkJ = 9.478 x 10- BTU
IBTU= 1.05506 kJ
Power, heat flow rate

I W = I Nm/s = 7.367 x 10 - 1 (ftlbf)/s
1
= 1 J/s = 4.425 x 10 (ftlbf)/min

= 3.412 BTU/h
l(ftlbf)/s= 1.35582 W
1 (ftlbf)/min = 2.25969 x 10~2 W
1 BTU/h = 2.93072 x 10" 1 W
Specific heat capacity

1 J/(kg K) = 2.388 x 10~ 4 BTU/(lb/ 0 F)
3
1 J/(m K) = 1.491 x 10~ BTU/(ft
3 0
F)
IBTU/(Ib 0F) =4.1868 x 10 3 J/(kgK)

IBTU/(ft 3 0F) =6.71 x 10 4 J/(m 3 K)
1 W/(mK) = 6.933 (BTUin)/(ft 2 h F)
= 5.778 x 10~ 1 BTU/(fthF)
= 4.815 x 10 " 2 BTU/(inh 0F)
1 (BTUin)/(ft2h F) = 1.442 x 10^1 W/(mK)

lBTU/(fthF) = 1.7307 W/(m K)
1 BTU/(in h F) = 2.07689 x 101 W/(mK)
English-American unit to SI
SI to English-American unit
Heat flux density
lBTU/(ft 2 h) = 3.1546 W/m 2
l W / m 2 = 3.17x 10- 1 BTU/(ft 2 h)
1BTU/(in2 h) =4.54263 x 10 2 W/m 2
= 2.201 x Kr 3 BTU/(in 2 h)
Heat transfer coefficient
lW/(m 2 K) = 1.761 x 10- 1 BTU/(ft 2 hF)
1 BTU/(ft2 h F) = 5.678 W/(m 2 K)
1 (m2 K)/W = 5.678 (ft2 h F)/BTU
1 (ft2h F)/BTU = 1.761 x 10- 1 (m 2 /K)/W
I K = I 0 C = 1.8 0 F
1 0F = 5.555 x 10" 1 K = 5.555 x 10" 1 0C
Thermal resistance
Temperature
Conversion:
Tc= ^(rF-32)
r F = | r c + 32
7 K = ^ Tp+ 255.372
TF = I (TK- 255.372)
TQ - Temperature in Celsius ( 0 C); T? - Temperature in fahrenheit (0F); TK -
Temperature in kelvin (K).
S E C T I O N
Z
E
A
R
T
I
Il
I
Z
O
A
N
T
A
I
N
N
D e c o m p o s i t i o n
F r e e
R a t e s
R a d i c a l
o f
O r g a n i c
I n i t i a t o r s
K. W . D i x o n
Akzo Nobel Chemicals Inc., Dobbs Ferry, NY, USA
A. Introduction
11-1
B. Tables of Decomposition Rates of Organic
Free Radical Initiators
II-2
Table 1. Azonitriles
II-2
Table 2. Miscellaneous AzoDerivatives
M-9
Table 3. Alkyl Peroxides
II-23
Table 4. Acyl Peroxides
II-29
Table 5. Hydroperoxides and Ketone Peroxides II-43
Table 6. Peresters and Peroxy Carbonates
II-48
Table 7. Miscellaneous Initiators
II-68
C. Notes
II-69
D. References
II-70
A.
INTRODUCTION
The decomposition of most organic free radical initiators

follows first order kinetics. With certain peroxides, however, higher order decompositions are observed. Generally,
the higher order reaction is caused by a reaction of radicals
with the initiator (induced decomposition). The value of the
rate for unimolecular decomposition may be determined
either by extrapolation of the rate back to zero initiator
concentration or by use of a monomer or other radical
"trap". Some of the peroxides may also decompose by
non-radical routes. Acids, bases, and polar solvents favor
ionic intermediates. Koenig (296) presents an excellent
discussion of azo and peroxide decomposition pathways.
Decomposition rate (kd) data in these tables are reported
for first order kinetics:
where / is the initiator concentration (mol/1) and t is the

time (s). The decomposition rate constant k^ is related to
half-life (t ^ 2 ) by the following equation:
Fig. 1 relates kd in s" 1 to half-life for the range of k^ found

in the tables.
For some of the initiators listed, the enthalpy (AH *) is
given (Note h) rather than the Arrhenius activation energy
(E2). The two quantities are related by the equation

a = AH* +RT, where R is the gas constant (in kJ/moldeg.) and T is the absolute temperature (94). Assuming that
k& is linear with respect to \/T and that the activation
energy, a , and the decomposition rate constant, kd, for one
temperature are known, kd for any temperature can be
calculated from the following expression:
Where given by the author, the overall equation for kd in

terms of the frequency factor (A) and activation energy ( a )
has been included. Thus for any temperature (converted to
K) the kd may be calculated:
Although a wide range of initiators is reported in the tables,

the author admits that the compilation is far from complete.
There are several purposeful omissions: (a) azo compounds,
where the azo group is part of a ring structure - these
recombine almost exclusively; (b) compounds that decompose at appreciable rates only above 200 degrees. Neither
class would be expected to be useful initiators. The data
have been arranged into seven tables. Within each table the
individual initiators are listed according to the following
criteria:
1. Initiators:
(a) according to increasing number of carbon atoms;
(b) alphabetically (neglecting trivial prefixes), for
compounds containing equal number of carbons;
(c) miscellaneous initiators are listed alphabetically in
Table 7.
2. For each initiator, solvents are listed alphabetically.
3. For a given solvent, all measurements reported by one
investigator are listed in a series, with the activation
energy listed opposite the lowest temperature.
Abbreviations: DMSO - dimethyl sulfoxide; DMAC dimethylacetamide; DMF - dimethylformamide; THF tetrahydrofuran; DCB - 1,2-dichlorobenzene.
20hrs.
100 days
120 min.
12 min.
10 days
100 sec.
200 min.
10 sec.
1 sec.
0.12 sec.
20 min.
40hrs.
200 days
_200 sec.
60 min.
1 year
50 days
100 hrs.
10 hrs.
40 sec.
0.5 sec.
5 sec.
10 min.
Rate constant (*d)
Figure 1. Relationship of half life to rate constant (k^) (half lives are to the right of each vertical line)
B.
TABLES O F D E C O M P O S I T I O N RATES O F O R G A N I C FREE R A D I C A L I N I T I A T O R S
TABLE 1. AZONITRILES
Number of
C atoms
5
Initiator
Solvent
N-Acetyl N'-oc-cyanoethyl diimide
Toluene
2-Cyano-2-propyl-azo-formamide
Chlorobenzene
Toluene
Xylene
2-(Carbamoylazo)isobutyronitrile
N-Acetyl N'-ot-cyanocyclopentyldiimide
Toluene
Toluene
2,2/-Azo-bis-isobutyronitrile
(2,2'-azo-bis-2-methylpropionitrile)
Acetic acid
Acetonitrile
tert-Amyl alcohol
Aniline
Benzene
T( 0 C)
60.8
68.6
82.0
100
100
110
104
100
120
104
65.7
76.8
91.5
79.9
79.9
79.9
80
82
82
79.9
79.9
80.2
80.2
40.0
45.2
50.0
55.0
60.5
69.5
^d(S"1)
2.46 x 10 " 5
5.45 x l 0 ~ 5
2.49 xlO~ 4
1.5 x 10 " 5
2.1 x 10 ~5
6.8 x l O " 5
1.9 XlO" 5
2.IxIO-5
2.4xlO-4
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.82 x l O " 5
7.29 x 10 ~5
3.65 x l O " 4
1.43 x 10 ~4
1.48 x 10 ~4
1.62 XlO" 4
1.52 x l O - 4
1.50xl0" 4
1.49 XlO" 4
1.25 x 10 " 4
1.24 xlO~ 4
1.40 x 10~4
1.68 x l O " 4
5.44 x l O " 7
1.12 XlO" 6
2.64 XlO" 6
5.19 x l O " 6
1.16 x l O " 5
3.78 x l 0 ~ 5
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
110.2
144.3
a
144.3
a
120.3
V2
V3
a
a
a
v2
128.4
a,t2
a,t2
a,t2
a,t2
a,t2
a,t2
Refs.
322
322
322
93
93
93
339
93
93
340
322
322
322
146
146
146
62
2
175
146
146
61
61
69
69
69
69
69
69
TABLE 1. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
S (cont'd)
Initiator
2,2'-Azo-bis-isobutyronitrile
Solvent
Benzene
Benzene or Toluene
H-Butanol
Isobutanol
Di-n-butyl phthalate
Carbon tetrachloride
Chlorobenzene
Cyclohexanone
Dichloroethane
Dichloroethane:
propionitrile (1:1)
Diethylene glycol
monobutylether
DMF
DMF
DMF/methyl
methacrylate (9/1)
(8/2)
(7/3)
(6/4)
(5/5)
(4/6)
(3/7)
(2/8)
(1/9)
N,iV-Dimethylaniline
Dioxane/Water (80/20)
pH7.0
Dioxane/Water (80/20)
pH 10.7
Dodecanethiol
T( 0 C)
40
50
60
70
78
37
43
50
60
100
T (K)
82
82
82
80.2
80
90
100
110
120
127
137
145
80
90
100
110
120
40
60
77
64
82
101
T (K)
82
70
^d(S"1)
Ea (kj/mol)
4.83 x 10~7
2.085 XlO" 6
8.45 xlO~ 6
3.166 XlO" 5
8.023 x l O " 5
2.83 x 10 ~7
7.35 x l O - 7
2.16 x l O " 6
9.15 x l O - 6
1.52 x l O - 3
1.58 x 1015
1.54 x 10~4
1.55 XlO" 4
1.66 x 10~4
(1.67-1.76) x 10~4
2.64 x 10 ~4
6.47 x l O - 4
1.78 XlO" 3
4.88 x l O - 3
1.43 XlO" 2
2.48 x l O " 2
5.43 XlO" 2
1.24XlO- 1
2.22 x l O " 4
4.23 XlO" 4
1.99 x l O - 3
5.3 x l O " 3
1.48 x l O - 2
2.15XlO" 7
4.0OxIO- 6
1.2IxIO- 4
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 x l O - 4
1.93 x l O - 3
2.89 x 1015
1.43 x 10 ~4
2.0IxIO- 5
1.64 x l O - 5
123.4
Notes
128.9
exp[- 128.9/#7]
a
a
a
122.2
y4
y4
y4
y4
y4
y 16
y 16
y 32
128.4
a,t2
a,t2
a
exp[- 130.23//?7]
a
m8
Refs.
66
66
66
66
66
39
39
39
19
39
39
175
2
2,175
61
236
236
236
236
236
236
236
236
375
375
375
375
375
69
69
62
344
344
344
344
2,175
293
293
1.94 x 10~5
2.442 x 10 ~5
293
26
6.2096 x l O - 5
6.45 x l O - 4
294
355
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
66.82
72.27
80
65.3
70.0
75.0
80.0
5.55 x 10~4
5.1OxIO- 4
5.1OxIO- 4
5.3OxIO- 4
5.65 x 10 ~A
5.35 x l O - 4
5.65 x l O - 4
6.25 x l O - 4
6.5OxIO- 4
3.483 x 10~5
6.914 XlO" 5
1.83 x l O - 4
2.53 x 10 " 5
3.20xl0~ 5
8.5 x l O - 5
1.62 x l O - 4
355
355
355
355
355
355
355
355
355
26
26
62
186
186
186
186
75.0
80
1.72 x l O " 4
1.46 x 10 ~4
70
66.82
71.2
60
a
141.0
186
62
Notes page 11-69; References page 11-70
TABLE 1. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
S (cont'd)
Initiator
2,2'-Azo-bis-isobutyronitrile
Solvent
Ethyl acetate
Ethyl acetate/
SnCl4 (1:1)
Glycerol/DMF 95/5, (v/v)
Maleimide (solid state)
Methyl methacrylate
Nitrobenzene
1-Nitrobutane
Propionitrile/SnCl4 (1:1)
Propylene carbonate
Styrene
Toluene
Toluene/SnCl4 (1:1)
Xylene
o-Xylene
3,6-Dicyano-3,6-dimethyl1,2-diazacyclohexene-l
Water
Dichloromethane
2,2/-Azo-bis[2-(hydroxymethyl)propionitrile
Methyl cellosolve
N-Acetyl W-a-cyanocyclohexyldiimide
Toluene
10
N-Acetyl N'-oc-cyanocycloheptyldiimide
Toluene
4,4/-Azo-bis-(4-cyanopentanol)
4,4/-Azo-bis-(4-cyanovaleric acid)
l,r-Azo-bis-l-cyclobutanenitrile
Acetone
Acetone
Mesitylene
2,2'-Azo-bis-2-methylbutyronitrile
Xylene
Toluene
Xylene
T( 0 C)
40
60
T (K)
71.2
65
72
50
50
60
70
70
80
100
82
T (K)
72.27
50
70
T (K)
68.4
60.00
60
65
70
80.4
90.0
100.0
105.0
69.8
80.2
80.3
60
50
77
82
80
80
82
85
95
105
T(K)
50
-6.06
0.03
2.52
77
82.0
92.8
100.6
59.4
66.1
79.6
70
70
130.4
141.6
120.4
69.8
80.2
80
kA (s^1)
4.7 x l O " 7
9.36 XlO- 6
8.56 x 1015
2.6054 x 10~5
4.97 x 10 ~5
2.07 x l O - 4
9.7 x 10 ~7
7.5 x l O - 6
7.2OxIO- 4
3.1 x 10" 5
1.27 x l O - 4
1.98 x l O " 4
2.24 x l O - 3
1.45 x l O " 4
9.10 x 1015
5.821 x 10 ~5
2.97 x 10~6
4.72 x l O - 5
1.29 x 1015
3.8 x l O - 5
9.03 x 10~6
9.8 x l O " 6
1.9 x l O - 5
4.OxIO- 5
1.55 x l O - 4
4.86 x 10- 4
1.6OxIO- 3
2.61 x 10 - 3
3.8 x l O - 5
(1.72-1.60) x 10- 4
1.3OxIO- 4
4.0 x 10" 5
2.OxIO- 6
9.46 x l O - 5
1.44 x l O - 4
1.53 xlO~ 4
1.5OxIO- 4
1.45 x l O " 5
2.75IxIO- 4
9.58IxIO- 4
2.782 x l O - 3
3.16xl0 1 5
1.56 x 10 ~6
4.6OxIO- 4
1.14 x l O " 3
1.64 x l O - 3
1.93 x 10 ~5
5.2IxIO- 5
1.7OxIO- 4
3.74 XlO" 4
4.44 x 10 ~5
9.82 x 10 ~5
4.51 x 10- 4
4.26 x 10~5
4.58 x 10 ~5
5.20xl0"5
1.6OxIO- 4
2.05 x 10 ~5
2.3 x IO"5
8.4-9.OxIO- 5
9.97 x 10~5
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
128.5
a,t2
a,t2
exp[- 121 A/RT]
a
a
a
a,v20
132.2
V4
a
a
a
exp[- 121.0/RT]
127.6
a
a
exp[- 127.6/RT]
c,m3
a
121.3
142.3
m2
131.0
a
a
a
a
a,t4
a
131.8
exp[-131.8//?7]
88.8
114.8
112.0
m7
ni7
134.3
129.7
123.0
Refs.
69
69
290
294
185
185
289
289
355
216
216
226
226
2,175
290
26
132
132
132
234
291
290
339
47
47
47
47
47
61
61
234
290
175
175
175
62
62
2
332
332
332
332
285
252
252
252
339
322
322
322
322
322
322
305
305
101
101
101
61
61
62
TABLE 1. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
Initiator
10 (cont'd)
2,2'-Azo-bis-2-ethylpropionitrile
Nitrobenzene
2,2'-Azo-bis-2-methylbutyronitrile
Cyclohexanone
Solvent
Chlorobenzene
Ethanol
Ethylbenzene
N-benzoyl iV'-a-cyanoethyldiimide
4-Bromophenyl-azo-2-methyl2-propionitrile
4-Bromophenyl-azo-(methylpropanedinitrile)
DCB
4-Nitrophenyl-azo-2-methyl2-propionitrile
4-Nitrophenyl-azo-2-(methylpropanedinitrile)
DCB
Phenyl-azo-2-methyl-2propionitrile
Phenyl-azo-2-(methylpropanedinitrile)
11
Toluene
Toluene
DCB
DCB
DCB
DMF
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
DCB
Phenyl-azo-2-(methylpropanedinitrile)
DCB
4-Bromophenyl-azo-2-(ethylpropanedinitrile)
DCB
4-Methoxyphenylazo-2(methylpropanedinitrile)
Butanol
Chlorobenzene
DCB
Decane
DMSO
Heptane
Hexanol
Octane
Octanol
Propanol
Toluene
Chlorobenzene
4-Methoxyphenyl-azo2-(methylpropanedinitrile)
DCB
T( 0 C)
80
100
79.9
90.0
100.1
66
84
104
T (K)
80.0
90.0
100.0
80.0
90.0
100.0
67
69.2
83.2
90.0
160
80
85
90
T (K)
160
80
85
90
T(K)
160
160
160
80
85
90
T (K)
80
85
90
T (K)
80
85
90
T (K)
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
78.1
85.3
90.2
75.0
85.1
95.1
104.9
kd (s"1)
8.3 x 10~5
1.08 x l O - 3
1.06 x l O " 4
3.7IxIO-4
1.27xlO- 3
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 x l O - 4
1.93 XlO" 3
1.38 x 1015
1.05 x 10 " 4
3.23 x l O - 4
9.87 x l O - 4
8.22 x l O " 5
2.94 x l O - 4
1.02 x l 0 ~ 3
1.9 x l O " 5
1.31 x 10 ~5
7.96 x l O - 5
1.744 xlO~ 4
2.85 x 10 ~5
2.4xlO" 5
4.8xlO-5
9.4 x 10 ~5
7.23 xlO 1 6
2.3 x 10 " 5
3.1 x 10~5
6.0xl0"5
1.14 x l O - 4
1.35 xlO 1 6
5.65 x 10~5
6.9xlO" 5
5.35 x 10 ~5
4.45 x 10 ~5
8.0xl0"5
1.42 x l O - 4
8.48 x 1013
2.4xlO~ 5
4.8xlO" 5
9.4 x l O - 5
7.23 x 1016
1.85 x 10 " 5
3.65 x 10 ~5
7.05 x l O - 5
3.00 x 1016
2.9xlO" 4
9.5 x 10" 5
8.35 x l 0 ~ 5
3.8xl0"5
4.87 XlO" 4
5.15 x l 0 ~ 5
1.6 x l O " 4
4.4xlO~ 5
1.5xlO~ 4
3.1 x 10~4
6.75 x l 0 ~ 5
5.76 x 10 ~5
9.52 x 10 ~5
1.307 xlO~ 4
2.73 x l 0 ~ 5
8.35 x l 0 ~ 5
2.236 xlO~ 4
6.397 xlO~ 4
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
143.1
131.6
a
a
h
exp[- 129.93//?7]
119.8
134.9
a
127.9
145.0
exp[-U5.0/RT]
139.1
exp[-139.1 /RT]
123.2
exp[- 123.2/RT]
145.0
exp[- 145.0/RT]
142.9
exp[- 142.9/RT]
110
71
115
142
114
136
102
140
112
103
137
71.5
116
Refs.
226
226
336
336
336
344
344
344
344
336
336
336
336
336
336
339
322
322
322
329
329
329
329
329
329
329
329
329
329
329
329
329
329
329
329
329
329
329
329
329
329
329
329
329
331
331
331
331
331
331
331
331
331
331
331
330
330
330
330
330
330
330
TABLE 1. confd
Number of
C atoms
11 {confd)
Initiator
4-Methoxyphenyl-azo2-(methylpropanedinitrile)
DCB
Phenyl-azo-2-(2-methylbutyronitrile)
DCB
DMF
DCB
4-Tolyl-azo-2-(methylpropanedinitrile)
12
13
14
Solvent
4,4/-Azo-bis-(l-bromo4-cyanopentane)
4,4/-Azo-bis-4-cyanopentanoic acid
4,4'-Azo-bis-(4-cyanopentanol)
Toluene
U'-Azo-bis-l-cyclopentanenitrile
Toluene
2,2'-Azo-bis-2-cyclopropylpropionitrile (mp 64-65)
Toluene
2,2'-Azo-bis-2-cyclopropylpropionitrile (mp 76-77)
Toluene
2,2'-Azo-bis-2,3dimethylbutyronitrile
2,2/-Azo-bis-2-methylvaleronitrile
4-Bromophenyl-azo-2(isopropylpropanedinitrile)
Toluene
T(K)
80
85
90
T (K)
160
160
160
80
85
90
T(K)
T(K)
kd (s"1)
5.67 x 1012
4.7xlO~ 5
8.1 x 10 " 5
1.38 x l O " 4
2.94 x 1012
5.OxIO" 5
5.2xl0~ 5
5.05 x 10 " 5
4.5xlO" 5
7.9xl0~5
1.365 XlO" 5
1.21 x 1013
1.OxIO11
1.9 x l O " 5
8.97 x 10 " 5
2.55 x 10 " 4
7.99 XlO" 4
2.81 x 10" 3
8.99 x l O " 3
2.6xlO-2
5.2 XlO" 2
7.45 x l O " 5
2.43 x 10 " 4
5.18 xlO~ 4
3.50 x 10~5
7.53 x 10 ~5
2.68 XlO" 4
3.90 x 10 ~5
8.17 x 10 " 5
2.46 XlO" 4
2.6 x l O " 5
1.02 x 10 " 4
4.2xlO~ 5
(1.65-1.74) x 10" 4
1.4xl0~ 5
2.80xl0"5
5.4 XlO" 5
1.73 xlO 1 6
3.06 x 10 " 5
1.177 x 10 ~A
4.594 XlO" 4
7.320xl0" 4
2.06 xlO 1 7
1.62 x l O " 5
3.17 x 10 " 5
2.252 XlO" 4
1.12 x l O " 4
2.21 x 10 " 4
4.26 XlO" 4
1.19 xlO 1 7
4.85 x 10 " 5
a (kj/mol)
Notes
exp[- U6/RT]
114.8
Refs.
330
329
329
329
329
329
329
329
329
329
329
329
307
exp[- 114.S/RT]
117.7
exp[- UlJ/RT]
exp[-104.7 /RT]
2,6-Dimethylphenyl-azo2-methylpropanedinitrile
DCB
N-Benzoyl W-a-cyanocyclopentyl diimide
Toluene
4-Bromophenyl-azoisobutylpropanedinitrile
DCB
4-Bromophenyl-azo-2(2-terf-butylpropionitrile)
4-Nitrophenyl-azo-2(2-terf-butylpropionitrile)
Phenyl-azo-2-(2-terf-butylpropionitrile)
DCB
69
80
80
90
100
110
120
130
80.3
89.2
95.1
44.2
49.5
59.2
44.2
49.5
59.3
69.8
80.2
69.8
80.2
80
85
90
T(K)
60.1
70.0
80.6
84.5
T(K)
76.7
82.0
98.4
80
85
90
T(K)
160
DCB
160
1.8 x l O " 5
329
DCB
Hexamethylphosphoramide
Toluene
160
160
160
9.35 x 10 " 5
9.65 x 10 ~5
9.5xl0~5
329
329
329
2,2'-Azo-bis-2-cyclobutylpropionitrile (mp 38-42)

2,2'-AzO-Ws^-CyClObUIyIpropionitrile (mp 81.5-82.5)
Water
T( 0 C)
Di-w-butyl phthalate
Toluene
DCB
Toluene
142.3
a
a
141.4
117.2
108.8
w
w
w
w
w
w
133.9
138.1
142.0
exp[- 142.0/RT]
130.5
exp[-130.5//?7]
131.9
141.6
exp[-141.6kJ//?7]
339
62
375
375
375
375
375
375
101
101
101
57
57
57
57
57
57
61
61
61
61
329
329
329
329
330
330
330
330
330
322
322
322
329
329
329
329
329
80.5
1.51 x 10 " 4
104
80.5
1.51 x 10 " 4
104
TABLE 1. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
Initiator
Solvent
14 {cont'd)
U'-Azo-bis-l-cyclohexanenitrile
Chlorobenzene
DMSO
Nitrobenzene
Toluene
2,2'-Azo-bis-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile
Dimethyl-4,4'-azo-bis-cyanopentanoate (meso)
Xylene
Toluene
Xylene
DMAC
(no+)
(nD_)
4,4'-Azo-bis-4-cyano-l-methylpiperidine
DMSO
2,2'-Azo-bis-2-propylbutyronitrile
Nitrobenzene
2,2/-Azo-bis-2,3,3-trimethylbutyronitrile(mp 114-116)
2,2'-Azo-bis-2,3,3-trimethylbutyronitrile (mp 116-118)
2,2/-Azo-bis-2-methylhexylnitrile
2,2'-Azo-bis-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile
Toluene
2,2/-Azo-bis-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile
(mp 56-57)
2,2/-Azo-bis-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile
(mp 74-76)
2,2/-Azo-bis-2-isopropylbutyronitrile
AH4-Chlorobenzoyl) N'-OLcyanocyclohexyl diimide
AHl-Cyanocyclohexyl)pentamethyleneketenimine
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Chlorobenzene
Cumene
Toluene
terf-Butylbenzene
15
2-Phenyl-azo-2,4-dimethyl4-methoxyvaleronitrile
JV-Benzoyl N'-ot-cyanocycloheptyl diimide
Xylene
Toluene
T( 0 C)
79.97
100.12
80
85
90
95
100
80.3
95.2
102.4
88
77
51
68
T(K)
77
77.9
85.0
90.2
99.7
77.6
85.9
90.0
99.2
77.9
85.4
90.2
99.0
80
85
90
95
80
100
79.9
89.0
79.9
88.9
80.2
69.8
80.2
59.7
69.9
69.8
80.2
80.5
79.1
86.4
99.7
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
122
74.6
82.8
89.2
A^(S"1)
8.42 x l O " 6
1.107 XlO" 4
1.01 x l O " 5
2.01 x 10 " 5
3.89 x l O " 5
6.83 x l O " 5
1.14 x l O " 4
6.5 x 10" 6
5.44 x l O " 5
1.26 x l O " 4
1.9 XlO" 5
5.31 x 10 ~6
1.9 x l O " 5
1.9xlO" 4
6.98 xlO 1 4
5.77 x 10 ~4
1.43 x l O " 4
3.76 x 10 " 4
6.8OxIO" 4
2.05 XlO" 3
1.46 x l O " 4
4.03 x l O " 4
6.9OxIO" 4
2.04X10- 3
1.49 XlO" 4
3.90 x 10 ~4
6.95 x l O " 4
1.97xl0- 3
9.7xlO~ 6
1.75 x 10 " 5
3.64 x l O " 5
6.47 XlO" 5
2.55 x 10" 4
2.72 XlO" 5
7.42 x 10 " 5
2.59 x l O " 4
1.05 x 10 " 4
3.09 x 10" 4
1.58 x l O " 4
1.98 xlO~ 4
7.1 x 10 " 4
8.05 x 10 ~5
2.89 x 10 " 4
1.98 x l O " 4
7.IxIO"4
1.01 x 10" 4
8.6 x l O " 6
2.01 x 10 ~5
1.044 x l O - 4
3.85 x 10 " 5
2.07 x 10 " 5
3.93 x 10~5
1.42 x 10 " 5
3.10x 10" 5
1.83 x l O " 5
2.39 x 10 " 5
1.22 x 10- 5
1.9 x 10~5
6.43 x 10 " 5
1.781 x 10" 4
3.519 x l O " 4
E* (kj/mol)
Notes
140.2
135.6
121.3
121
a
a
a
a
exp[-121//?7]
133.9
133.5
133.5
136.4
128.9
146.4
125.5
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
h
a
a
w
w
w
w
121.3
121.3
121.3
w
w
w
w
132.7
p,z (1)
p,z (3950)
p,z (1)
p,z (3950)
p,z (1)
p,z(3950)
p,z (1)
p,z (3950)
122.8
Refs.
179
179
135
135
135
135
226
101
101
101
339
175
343
343
343
175
205
205
205
205
205
205
205
205
205
205
205
205
135
135
135
135
226
226
57
57
57
57
61
61
61
57
57
57
57
50
322
322
322
299
299
299
299
299
299
299
299
339
322
322
322
Notes page 11-69; References page II - 70
TABLE 1. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
15 (cont'd)
16
Initiator
Solvent
N-(4-Methoxybenzoyl) N'-OLcyanocyclohexyldiimide
Toluene
JV-(4-Methylbenzoyl) jy'-otcyanocyclohexyl diimide
Toluene
iV-Phenylacetyl W-a-cyanocyclohexyl diimide
Toluene
4-Cyano-l-methylpiperidine-4,4'-azo4'-cyano-l,l'-dimethylpiperidinium
nitrate
DMSO
4,4'-Azo-bis-4-cyano-1,1'-dimethylpiperidinium nitrate
DMSO
4,4/-Azo-bis(4-cyanopentanoyl)bis2-aminoethanol
DMF
Toluene
2,2/-Azo-bis-2-methylheptylonitrile
Toluene
Xylene
Toluene
Xylene
80
Toluene
80.5
Toluene
80.5
Toluene
40
1.175
50
4.45
40
6.95
50
2.89
80.5 (1.3250.35)
l,l'-Azo-bis-l-(2-methylcyclohexane)nitrile
l,l'-Azo-bis-l-cyclohexanecarbonitrile
2,2/-Azo-bis-cyclopentylpropionitrile (mp 72.2-74.5)
2,2'-Azo-bis-2-cyclopentylpropionitrile (mp 96.3-97.6)
2,2/-Azo-bis-2,4,4-trimethylvaleronitrile (mp 67.5-69)
2,2'-Azo-bis-2,4,4-trimethylvaleronitrile (mp 94.5-95.5)
2,2'-Azo-bis-2-isopropyl-3-methylbutyronitrile
U'-Azo-bis-l-cyano-^' dimethyl cyclohexane
Acetic acid
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
133.9
132.6
124.7
115.1
a
a
exp[- 115/RT]
62
1.31 x 1O -4
104
1.30 x 10 ~4
104
w
w
w
w
50
50
50
50
50
135
135
135
135
61
104
101
101
101
357
357
357
357
x
x
x
x
x
10~4
10~4
10~5
10~4
10~4
Toluene
69
74
80
2.83 x l O - 5
4.65 x l O - 5
1.16 x l O " 4
DMF
134.1
322
322
322
322
322
322
322
322
322
135
135
135
135
135
135
135
135
357
357
357
357
357
357
101
101
101
101
343
343
343
50
62
101
166.9
4.7 x l O " 6
DMAC
4,4'-Azo-bis(4-cyanopentanoyl)bis2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol
Toluene
142.8
Refs.
1.5IxIO- 5
2.79XlO" 5
5.4OxIO- 5
9.77 XlO" 5
8.3 x 10 ~6
2.27 x 10 ~4
5.35 x 10~5
1.45 x l O - 4
2.6OxIO- 4
1.77 x 10~5
2.9OxIO- 5
4.9OxIO- 5
1.74 x l 0 ~ 5
Toluene
Notes
126.4
80
85
90
95
80.3
80.5
36.6
45.4
49.7
65
69
74
65
DMSO
2,2'-AzO-Ms^-CyClOhCXyIpropionitrile
l,l'-Azo-bis-l-cyclooctanenitrile
2,2'-Azo-bis-2-benzylpropionitrile
a (kj/mol)
7.1 x 1(T6
1.71 x 10 ~5
9.73 XlO- 5
1.06 x l O " 5
2.20 x 10 ~5
1.255 xlO~ 4
3.08 x 10 ~5
9.76 x 10 - 5
2.77xlO- 4
1.76 x 10~5
3.31 x 10~5
6.23 x 10 ~5
1.156xlO- 4
2.84 x l 0 ~ 5
5.1IxIO-5
9.87 x l 0 ~ 5
1.626xlO- 4
1.76 x 10 ~5
2.85 x 10 ~5
4.66 x l 0 ~ 5
1.73 x l O " 5
2.73 x l O - 5
4.53 x l O - 5
3.28 x 10~4
2.69 x l O " 5
9.72 x l O - 5
2.69X10- 4
1.9xlO" 5
1.9 x l O " 4
1.03 x 1015
1.63 x 10 ~4
1.78 x 10~4
7.43 x 10~6
2,2'-Azo-bis-(4-methoxy-2,4dimethylvaleronitrile)
l,r-Azo-bis-l-cycloheptane-nitrile
20
A:d (s"1)
80.8
87.9
101.2
81.4
87.3
101.9
74.3
82.9
91.2
80
85
90
95
80
85
90
95
65
69
74
65
69
74
69.5
48.9
58.9
67.3
30
47
T(K)
80.0
80.0
80.2
DMAC
18
T( 0 C)
113.5
121.3
132.2
108.4
357
357
54
TABLE 1. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
20 (cont'd)
22
34
Initiator
/
2,2 -Azo-bis-2-isobutyl-4-methylvaleronitrile
2,2'-Azo-bis-2-(4-chlorobenzyl)propionitrile
/
2,2 -Azo-bis-2-(4-nitrobenzyl)propionitrile
l,l'-Azo-bis-l-cyclodecanenitrile
4,4'-Azo-bis-(4-cyanopentanyl)bis(heptadecafluorododecanoate)
Solvent
Toluene
T( C)
kd (s" )
E* (kj/mol)
Notes
Refs.
Toluene
60.1
80.5
80
3.78 xlO~
3
5.28 x 10 "
5
8.8xl0~
50
50
54
Toluene
80
1.00 x 10 ~
54
Toluene
50.8
60.2
69.5
90
100
110
120
130
5.4OxIO"
4
1.7OxIO4
5.69xlO4
9.86 x 10 "
3
2.11 x 10 ~
3
4.4 x l 0 ~
2
1.1 x 10~
2
1.42 XlO"
101
101
101
375
375
375
375
375
TABLE 2. MISCELLANEOUS AZO-DERIVATIVES

Number of
C atoms
2
Initiator
l,l'-Azo-bis-formamide
Solvent
DMF
DMSO
Formamide
Methyl-azo-3-propene
Vapor
2,3-Diazobicyclo[2,2,l]hept-2-ene
Isooctane
2,2'-AzO-Ws-PrOPaHe
Toluene
Vapor
3,3'-Azo-bis-l-propene
Vapor
2,2'-Dichloro-2,2'-azo-bis-propane
Diphenyl ether
Siliconeoil
Methyl-azo-l,l-dimethyl-2-propene
(cw)
(trans)
Perfluoroazo-2-propane
Acetone
p-DiisopropylBenzene
Vapor
T( 0 C)
*d (s" 1 )
86.0
100.3
115.3
86.0
100.3
115.3
86.0
115.3
115.3
1.56 x 10 " 5
5.73 XlO" 5
1.14x10-4
5.48 XlO" 6
2.72 x l O - 5
1.01 XlO" 4
9.25 x 10 ~5
-2.0 x l O " 3
3.83 x 10~5
163.3
169.8
182.8
T (K)
131.5
142.3
164.1
180.8
164.1
250
260
270
280
290
142.65
152.68
167.12
158.5
167.9
178.5
185
199
221
-13.89
-5.04
4.00
114.55
123.83
133.33
T(K)
5.88 x 10 ~4
1.110 x l 0 ~ 3
3.36 XlO" 3
3.2 x 10 1 4
5.44 x 10~6
1.82 XlO" 5
1.66xlO- 4
8.35 x l O " 4
1.64 x l O " 4
7.67 x 10 " 3
1.67xlO- 2
3.35X10- 2
6.52X10- 2
1.28XlO-1
3.88 x l O " 4
1.10 x l O - 3
4.45 x l O - 3
1.03 x 10~4
4.54 x l O - 4
8.08 X l O " 4
4.8xlO"4
2.1 x 10" 3
1.6xlO- 2
3.62 x 10~5
1.7OxIO- 4
6.82 x l O - 4
1.02 x l O " 4
2.68 x l O " 4
8.44 XlO" 4
5.0IxIO16
Ea (kj/mol)
148
Notes
C2
C2
C2
c
c
c
268
268
268
268
268
268
268
268
268
298
298
298
298
180
180
180
180
180
110
110
110
110
110
319
319
319
297
297
297
240
240
240
252
252
252
252
252
252
360
exp[- /RT]
157.7
171.1
a
a
a
a
a
151.3
138.3
h,u 4
U4
U4
96.8
147.9
exp[-189.0//?7]
Refs.
TABLE 2. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
6 (cont'd)
Initiator
Solvent
l-Propyl-azo-3'-propene
Vapor
Triazobenzene
Nitrobenzene
Tetralin
terf-Butyl-azo-3-propene
2,2/-Azo-isobutyramide
Azo-bis-isobutyramidine
Azo-bis-isobutyramidine
2HCl (AIBA)
Vapor
Water
Water
Chloroform
DMSO
Methanol
Water (pH 1.9)
Water (pH 5.8)
Water (pH 9.5)
Water
AIBA
Water
AIBA-kaolin adduct
Water
AIBA-bentonite adduct
Water
Azo-bis(2-amidinopropane) 2HCl
2,2'-Azo-bis(2-amidinopropane) 2HCl
Azo-bis-isobutyramidine 2HNO3
Methanol
Water
Water
DMSO-cumene
2,2'-Azo-bis-isobutane
Vapor
Diphenyl ether/isoquinoline (90/10)
J( 0 C)
101.32
114.10
126.02
T (K)
105
115
130
145
105
115
130
145
80.88
90.90
106.81
T (K)
88
60
60
60
70
60
50
60
50
60
50
60
60.0
70.0
75.0
80.0
40.15
50.05
60.20
70.10
100.10
70
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
50.0
55.0
65.0
70.0
80.0
50
50
56
60
70
160
180
190
210
174.8
188.3
188.8
165
175
185
190
kd (s'1)
1.10 x 10~ 6
5.60 x l O ~ 6
2.11 x l O ~ 5
6.3 x 10 1 4
3.5 x 10~ 7
1.20 x l O ~ 6
6.25 x l O ~ 6
2.5OxIO-5
4.0xl0~7
1.34 x 10~6
6.01 x 10 ~6
2.47 x l 0 ~ 5
2.13 x l O ~ 6
7.27 x l O ~ 6
3.89 x l O ~ 5
5.4 x 10 12
1.9xl0~ 5
3.15 x 10~5
2.80xl0~ 5
7.1 x 10~6
3.68 xlO~ 6
1.45 x 10 ~6
8.3 x 10 ~6
3.42 x 10 ~5
8.0xl0~ 6
3.22 x l 0 ~ 5
4.7 x 10 ~6
2.53 x l 0 ~ 5
3.70 x 10 ~5
1.33 xlO~ 4
2.58 xlO~ 4
5.13 xlO~ 4
2.49 xlO~ 6
9.79 xlO~ 6
4.03 x l 0 ~ 5
1.52 xlO~ 4
4.96 x l 0 ~ 3
1.52 xlO~ 4
1.37 x l 0 ~ 5
6.16 xlO~ 5
2.28 xlO~ 4
9.53 xlO~ 4
1.8OxIO- 5
3.97 xlO~ 5
1.53 xlO~ 4
3.21 x 10~4
1.04 XlO- 3
1.45 x 10 ~5
8.1x 10 ~6
1.93 x 10 ~5
4.86 x l 0 ~ 5
1.53 xlO~ 4
1.9xlO~ 5
5.01 x l 0 ~ 5
1.53 xlO~ 4
1.05 x l 0 ~ 3
6.8 x l 0 ~ 5
1.75 xlO~ 4
1.14 xlO~ 4
2.782 x l 0 ~ 5
8.74 x l 0 ~ 5
2.513 x l O ~ 4
4.143 XlO" 4
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
149.2
v2i
V2I
V2I
e x p [ - 149.2/RT]
140.2
136.0
124.9
exp[- 124.9/RT]
v2i
V21
V2I
v2i
a
q2
q3
126.5
124.4
151.7
128.9
122.6
133.9
126.4
a
m4
m4
m4
176.6
m4
h
Refs.
298
298
298
298
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
298
298
298
298
342
288
288
184
21
184
341
341
341
341
341
341
233
233
233
233
237
237
237
237
237
21
233
233
233
233
233
233
233
233
233
356
356
340
21
21
339
221
221
221
243
243
243
171
171
171
171
TABLE 2. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
8 (cont'd)
Initiator
2,2'-Dimethoxy-2,2'-azopropane
10
Diphenyl ether/isoquinoline (90/10)

Diphenyl ether
2,2/-Dimethylmercapto-2,2/azopropane
Diphenyl ether
Isopropyl-azo-l,l-dimethyl-2propene (cis)
Acetone
(trans)
Solvent
Diisopropylbenzene
2,2/-Azo-bis(2-methylpropane)
2-(4-Bromophenyl-azo)-2nitropropane
Vapor
DCB
rm-Butyl-azo-U-dimethyl2-propene (trans)
Diisopropylbenzene
2-(4-Nitrophenylazo)-2-nitropropane
DCB
oc-Phenylethyl-azo-methane
Diphenyl ether
2,2'-Diacetylthio-2,2'-azopropane
Hexadecane
Diphenyl ether
2,2 '-Diacetoxy-2,2 '-azopropane
Diphenyl ether
Siliconeoil
Azo-bis( 1,1 -dimethyl-2-propene)
(trans)
Xylene
Azo-bis-(l,l-dimethyl)-2-propyne
(trans)
Xylene
2,2/-Azo-bis-2-methylbutane
Ethylbenzene
Isoamyl alcohol
2,2'-Azo-bis-2-methylbut-3-ene
n-Decane
2,2'-Azo-bis-2-(methylcarboxy)propane
2,2'-Azo-bis-methyl-2-methylpropionate
Water
2,2'-Azo-bis-methyl-2-methylpropionate
Collidine
1,2-Dichlorobenzene
Diethyl oxalate
Ethylene glycol
Nitrobenzene
Undecane
Xylene
T( 0 C)
A;d (s *)
195
200
150.1
159.9
174.6
125.0
135.0
145.0
-25.09
-16.65
-8.20
97.41
106.06
115.06
160
130
135
140
T(K)
73.72
80.31
87.08
130
140
145
T(K)
151
161
171
161
130.0
140.0
149.4
190.0
200.1
210.3
258
6.73IxIO- 4
1.093 x 10~3
4.02 x l O " 5
1.50xl0~ 4
6.67 XlO" 4
3.40xl0~ 4
7.10 xlO~ 4
1.15 x l 0 ~ 3
6.30x 10" 5
2.87 x 10 " 4
1.10 x l O - 3
1.15 x 10~4
3.19 x l O - 4
9.22 x l O - 4
1.93 x 10 " 5
1.62 x 10~4
2.59 x 10 ~4
4.3OxIO- 4
1.1 xlO 1 3
8.69 x 10 ~5
1.83 x 10~4
3.80xl0~ 4
LOOx 10~4
2.44 x 10 ~4
4.06 x l O - 4
1.1 x 1013
4.35 x 10 ~5
1.16 x l O - 4
3.48 XlO" 4
1.2OxIO- 4
1.33 x 10~4
4.4OxIO" 4
1.19 x l O - 5
8.23 x 10 ~5
2.6IxIO-4
6.38 x l O " 4
1.46 x 10 ~2
42.03
49.98
57.39
41.32
48.20
57.19
180.0
190.0
200.0
180.0
190.0
200.0
44.90
55.44
63.74
50
5.95 x 10~5
1.73 x l O - 4
4.54 x l O - 4
5.37 x l 0 ~ 5
1.3OxIO- 4
4.39 x l O - 4
1.36 x KT 4
3.89 x l O - 4
1.03 x l O - 3
1.14xlO- 4
3.5IxIO-4
9.26 xlO~ 4
6.73 x 10 ~5
2.631 x 10 ~4
7.045 x l O " 4
3.51 x 10~6
80
80
80
80
80
100
80
80
1.67 x 10 ~A
1.44 x 10 " 4
1.52 x 10 ~4
1.24 x 10 " 4
1.6IxIO- 4
1.73 x 10- 3
1.04 x 10 ~4
1.09 x 10 ~4
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
171.8
84.6
91.3
h,u5
U5
U5
h
137.8
a
130
exp[- 130/RT]
112.3
134
exp[- 134/RT]
161.5
151.3
171.4
109.4
111.9
176.4
176.0
107.3
129.3
149.8
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
Refs.
171
171
297
297
297
297
297
297
252
252
252
252
252
252
340
325
325
325
325
252
252
252
325
325
325
325
149
149
149
149
297
297
297
297
297
297
240
252
252
252
252
252
252
336
336
336
336
336
336
278
278
278
285
226
226
226
226
226
226
226
62
TABLE 2. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
10 (cont'd)
Initiator
Solvent
N,Af'-Azo-piperidine
Silicone oil
2-(4-Methoxyphenylazo)2-nitropropane
DCB
Dimethyl 2,2'-azo-isobutyrate
Acetic acid
Acetonitrile
Benzene
Cyclohexane
Dimethyl-2,2'-azo-isobutyrate
Methanol
Methanol/SnCl4
Methanol/ZnCl2
Paraffin
Toluene
11
2,3,7,8-Tetraazahexacyclo[7.4.1.04'12.0611.01013]tetradeca2,7-diene
2-(2,6-Dimethylphenylazo)2-nitropropane
a-Phenylethyl-azo-2-propane
12
Toluene/SnCl4
Acetonitrile-d3
DCB
Diphenyl ether/
benzoquinone
Diphenyl ether
Azo-bis-isobutanoldiacetate
Cyclohexane
Azo-bis-(l-carbomethoxy-3-methylpropane)
Benzene
4,4'-Azo-bis-(4-cyanopentanoic acid)
(meso)
DMAC
T( 0 C)
kA (s" 1 )
181
228
135
140
150
T(K)
40
50
60
70
40
50
60
70
50
60
70
40
50
60
80
40
50
60
40
50
60
60
99.2
60
60
66
70
80
60
215
230
250
135
140
150
T(K)
143.2
1.7 x l O " 3
4.3 XlO- 2
7.4xlO" 5
1.30 x 10 ~4
3.67 XlO" 4
2.5 XlO 15
8.61 x 10 ~7
3.16 xlO~ 6
1.56 XlO" 5
5.49 x l O " 5
5.44 x 10~7
2.68 XlO" 6
1.01 x 10 " 5
3.57 XlO- 5
2.22 x 10 " 6
8.85 XlO" 6
3.27 x l O " 5
2.89 x 10 " 7
1.38 x l O " 6
5.85 XlO" 6
2.22 x l O - 5
6.86 x 10 " 7
3.12 XlO" 6
1.44 XlO" 5
1.20 x 10 " 6
4.46 x l O " 6
1.98 XlO" 5
1.51 x 10 ~5
1.02 x 10 " 3
8.9xlO- 6
8.11xlO" 6
1.93 x l 0 ~ 5
3.17 x l O " 5
1.19xlO- 4
1.63 x 10 ~4
1.18 x l 0 ~ 5
6.65 x l O " 5
3.4OxIO" 4
9.OxIO" 5
1.44 x 10 ~4
3.86 x l O " 4
4.8 xlO 1 3
1.5OxIO"4
143.0
152.0
165.5
170.0
180.0
189.0
199.0
36
45
55
65
45
55
65
77.6
85.3
90.9
99.8
1.54 x 10 ~4
4.24 xlO~ 4
1.57Ox 10" 3
4.86 x 10 " 5
1.27 XlO" 4
3.47 x l O " 4
1.01 x 10" 3
3.05 x 10 ~7
1.31 x 10 " 6
4.54 x l O " 6
1.82 x l O - 5
7.18 x 10 " 7
3.79 xlO~ 6
1.02 x l O " 5
1.33 x 10 ~4
3.7OxIO" 4
7.17 XlO" 4
2.02 x l O " 3
a (kj/mol)
Notes
153
exp[-153//CT]
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
131.6
a
188.7
Xi
X1
Xi
exp[- 13S/RT]
113
ti 3
ti3
133.5
a
a
a
a
Refs.
240
240
325
325
325
325
326
326
326
326
326
326
326
326
326
326
326
326
326
326
326
326
326
326
326
326
326
326
240
290
340
340
340
340
290
174
174
174
325
325
325
325
220
310
310
310
189
189
189
189
68
68
68
68
68
68
68
205
205
205
205
TABLE 2. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
12 (cont'd)
Initiator
Solvent
4,4'-Azo-bis-(4-cyanopentanoic acid)
(nD)
Azo-bis-(AyV'-dimethylene
isobutyramidine) 2HCl
Azo-bis-(W-dimethyleneisobutyramidine)
tert-Butyl(2,2,4-trimethyl2-pentyl)diazene
60
70
75
70
60
44
2.06 x 10 " 4
6.64 x 10~4
1.08 XlO" 3
6.97 x 10 ~4
2.13 x 10 ~4
1.9xlO" 5
80
75
80
85
60
61
155
165.7
180.0
120.0
135.0
143.0
145.0
150.0
155.0
160.0
165.0
170.0
60
70
80
60
70
80
60
70
80
58
1.79 x 10~4
8.04 x 10 ~5
1.39 x l O - 4
2.6 x l O " 4
1.09 x 10~5
1.9xl0~ 5
1.6IxIO- 4
4.75 x 10 " 4
1.98 x l O - 3
1.06 x 10 ~4
5.94 x l O - 4
1.42IxIO- 3
7.56 xlO~ 5
1.273 xlO~ 4
2.147 x l O " 4
3.771 x 10~4
6.07 x l O - 4
1.033 x l O - 3
1.6IxIO- 5
5.88 x 10 ~5
2.02 XlO" 4
1.53xl0- 5
5.62 x l O - 5
2.OxIO- 4
1.62 x l O " 5
5.83 x l O - 5
2.066 XlO" 4
1.93 x 10 " 5
Methanol
Water
50
50
4.83 x 10 ~5
4.02 x 10 ~5
Methanol
-Decane
50
39.21
50.71
58.95
Chlorobenzene
Nitrobenzene
Water
DMSO
DMSO-cumene
DMSO-tetralin
Water
DMSO
DMSO-cumene
DMSO-tetralin
Methanol
Diphenyl ether
oc-Cumyl-azo-isopropane
Diphenyl ether
2,2/-Dicyclopropyl-2,2/-azopropane
Diphenyl ether/ ^
isoquinoline (90/10)
Di-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2,2'-azobis-isobutyrate
Dioxane
DMF
Toluene
14
2,2/-Azo-bis[AK2-hydroxyethyl)2-methylpropionamidine] 2HCl
2,2'-Azo-bis[2-(imidazoline-2-yl)propane 2HCl
2,2'-Azo-bis[2-(irnidazoline-2-yl)propane
2,2'-Azo-bis-(2-cyclobut1-enylpropane)
(s" 1 )
1.53 x l O - 4
4.1IxIO-4
7.0OxIO- 4
2.09 x l O - 3
1.55 x l O - 4
4.05 x l O " 4
6.98 x l O - 4
2.0OxIO- 3
1.51 x 10" 4
4.34 x l O - 4
7.33 xlO~ 4
2.24 x l O - 3
4.13 x l O " 5
5.93 x 10 ~4
1.56 x 10~4
1.9xl0" 5
(nD_)
2,2-Azo-bis-[2-methyl-J/V(2-hydroxyethyl) propionamide]
Azo-bis-(AyV'-dimethyleneisobutyramidine) 2HNO3
fcd
77.9
85.8
90.1
99.1
78.0
85.4
90.0
99.0
77.7
86.0
90.5
99.7
70
92.6
80
86
(n D + )
2,2-Azo-bis-(ethyl-2-methylpropionate)
T( 0 C)
Water
4.7xlO~ 6
1.286 x l O " 4
5.678 x 10 ~4
1.762 XlO" 3
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
134.3
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
205
205
205
205
205
205
205
205
205
205
205
205
139
139
226
342
21
21
21
21
21
339
134.3
134.3
123.0
159.6
a
h
158.2
125.7
129.9
129.9
Refs.
21
21
21
21
21
339
314
314
314
310
310
310
171
171
171
171
171
171
292
292
292
292
292
292
292
292
292
339
356
356
112.3
356
278
278
278
TABLE 2. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
Initiator
U (cont'd)
2,2'-Azo-bis-(2-methylhex-3-ene)
n-Decane
Di-(2-chloroethyl)-2,2'-azo-bisisobutyrate
Dioxane
Solvent
DMF
Di-(2-chloroethyl)-2,2'-azo-bisisobutyrate
Toluene
l,l'-bis-(4-Chlorophenyl)
azomethane
Diphenyl ether
Di-(2-hydroxypropyl)2,2/-azo-bis-isobutyrate
Dioxane
DMF
Toluene
15
16
2,2/,3,3,3',3/-Hexamethyl2,2'-azo-butane
Diphenyl ether
U'-Diphenyl-azo-methane
Diphenyl ether
2,2'-Azo-bis[2-methyl-N-(phenylWater
methyl)propionamidine] 2HCl
2,2'- Azo-bis[2-(4-methylimidazoline-2-yl)-propane
Methanol
2,2'-Azo-bis[2-(4-methylimidazolineMethanol
2-yl)-propane 2HCl
Water
2,2'-Azo-bis[2-(3,4,5-trihydroMethanol
pyrimidine-2-yl)propane
2,2'-Azo-bis[2-(3,4,5-trihydroMethanol
pyrimidine-2-yl)propane 2HCl
Water
1-Methylcyclopentyl-azoterf-Butyl
benzene
a-cumene
l,r-Azo-bis-l-chloro1-phenylethane
Acetophenone
Benzophenone
Paraffin
Toluene
!,r-Azo-bis-1-chloro-l(3-bromophenyl)ethane
l,r-Azo-bis-l-chloro-l(4-bromophenyl)ethane
Toluene
Toluene
J(0C)
* d (s" 1 )
39.25
49.52
58.95
60
70
80
60
70
80
60
70
80
145.56
155.56
165.56
175.56
60
70
80
60
70
80
60
70
80
170.0
180.0
190.0
145.0
155.0
165.0
175.0
53
5.33 xlO~ 5
2.256 xlO~ 4
7.584 XlO" 4
1.56 x 10~5
5.55 x 10 " 5
1.9672 x l O - 4
1.25 x l O " 5
4.902 x l O - 5
1.9125 x 10" 4
1.666 x 10 " 5
5.018 x l O - 5
1.99 x l O " 4
2.3OxIO- 4
7.6OxIO" 4
1.49 XlO" 3
4.4OxIO" 3
1.80 x 10 " 5
7.6xlO~ 5
2.22 XlO" 4
1.97 x l O - 5
6.55 x l O " 5
2.3OxIO- 4
1.9Ox 10" 5
7.72 x l O " 5
2.365 x l O - 4
2.37 xlO" 4
5.29 x l O " 4
1.00 x l 0 ~ 3
1.72 x l O " 4
4.93 x l O - 4
1.12 x l O " 3
2.34 x l O - 3
1.93 x 10 " 5
50
50
50
50
50
50
88.3
107.3
117.6
74.8
83
67.8
86.2
98.2
94.5
112.3
120.5
129.3
137
64
74
64
74
59
69
59
69
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
115.2
129.9
134.1
129.9
146.6
121.5
121.5
121.5
156.7
119.0
Refs.
278
278
278
292
292
292
292
292
292
292
292
292
297
297
297
297
292
292
292
292
292
292
292
292
292
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
339
10 ~5
10 " 5
10 " 5
10 ~6
356
356
356
356
7.8xlO~ 6
5.9xlO~ 6
5.00xl0" 5
4.95 x 10 " 4
1.43 x l O " 3
8.6xlO~ 4
1.95 x 10 " 3
2.8xlO" 4
3.3 x l O " 3
1.40xl0" 2
2.4xlO" 3
5.2 x l O - 2
1.03XlO"1
1.6XlO" 1
5.OxIO" 1
1.8 x 10 " 4
7.2 x l O " 4
1.79 xlO" 4
7.2OxIO" 4
1.64 x 10~4
6.64 x 10 ~4
1.77 xlO" 4
6.75 x 10 ~4
356
356
327
327
327
240
240
240
240
240
240
240
240
240
240
240
240
239
239
239
239
239
239
1.23 x
7.48 x
6.73 x
1.1 x
132.0
135.1
a
a
a
a
a
a
131.8
127.2
TABLE 2. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
16 (cont'd)
Initiator
U'-Azo-bis-l-chloro-l(4-chlorophenyl)ethane
2,2/-Azo-bis-(2-cyclopent-lenylpropane)
Solvent
Toluene
n-Decane
l,l'-Azo-bis-l,l-dicyclopropylethane
Diphenyl ether/
2,2/-Azo-bis-{2-methyk/V-[U(bis-hydroxymethyl)-2-hydroxyethyl]
propionamide}
2,2/-Azo-bis-{2-methyl-iV-[l,l(bis-hydroxymethyl)ethyl]
propionamide}
2,2'-Azo-bis[2-(4,
4-dimethylimidazoline-2-yl)
propane
2,2'-Azo-bis[2-(4,4-dimethylimidazoline-2-yl)propane 2HCl
2,2 '-Azo-bis[2-(4,5-dimethylimidazoline-2-yl)propane 2HCl
Water
2,2'-Azo-bis[2-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrolH-l,3-diazepine-2-yl)propane
2HCl
2,2/-Azo-bis-(2,2,4-trimethylpentane)
U'-Azo-bis-l-phenylethane
l,r-Azo-bis-l-phenylethane
l,l'-Di-(3-chlorophenyl)-l,razo-ethane
l,l'-Di-(4-chlorophenyl)-l,l'azo-ethane
1.97 x 10~4
6.93 x 10 " 4
9.98 x l O " 5
4.593 x 10 " 4
1.528 x l O - 3
6.33 x l O " 5
2.03 x 10 ~4
6.07 XlO" 4
1.695 x l O " 3
1.9 x 10~5
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
118.8
116.9
a
a
h
149.0
Refs.
239
239
278
278
278
171
171
171
171
342
342
82
1.9 x l O " 5
Methanol
50
9.3xlO" 6
356
Methanol
Water
50
50
9.55 x 10 ~5
9.30xl0"5
356
356
Methanol
Water
Methanol
Water
50
50
50
50
9.21
8.94
1.23
1.04
x 10 " 5
x 10 " 5
x 10~5
xlO"5
356
356
356
356
1.9 x 10~5
Diphenyl ether
110
Dodecane
Ethylbenzene
Toluene
Ethylbenzene
97.3
3.175 x l 0 ~ 5
100.4 (5.45 0.05) x 10~5
110.3 (1.69 0.01) x 10 ~4
105.02
8.473 x 10 " 5
105.28
9.02 x l O - 5
105.28
7.62 x l O " 5
105.02
7.623 x l O " 5
97.3
4.135 x 10 ~5
97.3
3.688 x 10 " 5
97.3
3.995 x 10 " 5
97.3
3.294 x 10 ~5
140.0
1.93 x l O " 4
150.1
5.29 x 10~4
164.8
2.18 x l O " 3
95
4.13 x l O " 5
105
1.218 x l O " 4
85
1.45 x 10~5
95
4.82 x l O " 5
105
1.650xl0~ 4
120.05
7.8xlO-5
130.0
2.63 xlO~ 4
139.0
7.38 XlO" 4
147.0
1.906 x l O - 3
105
1.121 x 10~4
N-Methyl-N-benzyl aniline
N-Methyl propionamide
Diphenylmethane
Propylene carbonate
Diphenyl ether
p-Cymene
p-Cymene
a,oc-Diethylbenzyl-azo-3-pentane
Diphenyl ether
l,l'-Di-(3-fluorophenyl)1,1'-azo-ethane
l,r-Di-(4-fluorophenyl)1,1'-azo-ethane
p-Cymene
Di-(3-hydroxybutyl)-2,2'-azo-bisisobutyrate
59
69
39.21
49.52
58.95
120
130
140
150
80
^d(S" 1 )
Water
(l,l'-d 2 )
(l,l,U',r,l'-d6)
terr-Butyl-(2,2,4,6,6-pentamethyl-4-heptyl)-diazine
T( 0 C)
/?-Cymene
Dioxane
DMF
85
95
105
60
70
80
60
70
80
5.5 x l O " 6
2.35 x 10 " 5
7.85 x l O - 5
2.22 x 10" 5
7.84 x 10 ~5
2.413 x l O " 4
1.83 x l O " 5
7.69 x l O " 5
2.424 XlO" 4
136.4
141.6
122.3
134.1
147.0
117.3
121.5
339
26
107,98
107,98
152
183
183
152
26
26
26
26
314
314
314
266,313
266,313
266.313
266,313
266,313
310
310
310
310
266,313
266,313
266,313
266,313
292
292
292
292
292
292
TABLE 2. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
16 (cont'd)
Initiator
Solvent
Di-(3-hydroxybutyl)-2,2'-azo-bisisobutyrate
Toluene
Di-(4-hydroxybutyl)-azo-bisisobutyrate
Dioxane
DMF
Toluene
l,r-Bis-(4-methoxyphenyl)azo-methane
Diphenyl ether
2,2',4,4,4',4'-Hexamethyl2,2'-azo-pentane
Diphenyl ether
1-Methylcyclohexyl-azo-a-cumene
17
18
terf-Butylbenzene
1,1 '-Diphenyl-l,l'-azo-ethane
p-Cymene
2-(Phenylazo)-2-propyl perbenzoate
Chlorobenzene
(l-Phenylethyl)-azo-diphenylmethane
l,l'-Bis(p-tolyl)-azo-methane
Chloroform-d
Chlorotoluene
Ethylbenzene
Diphenyl ether
3,7-Diphenyl-l,2-diaza-l-cycloheptene
l,l'-Azo-bis-cumene
Xylene
Benzene
terr-Butylbenzene
Chlorobenzene
Cumene
Dodecane
-Octane
Toluene
T( 0 C)
60
70
80
60
70
80
60
70
80
60
70
80
145.0
155.0
165.0
175.0
130.2
140.0
150.0
102.2
113.1
122.0
95
105
10
35
10
10
58
145.0
155.0
165.0
175.0
61.0
70.0
80.0
89.3
100.2
80
100.2
58.91
60
60
60
55
55
55
55
55
55
60
60
60
60.23
60
60
60
40.04
49.52
59.42
69.23
41.0
44.8
58.5
fcd
(s" 1 )
2.43 x 10 ~5
8.18 x 10 ~5
2.461xlO~ 4
2.12 x 10 ~5
6.57 x 10 ~5
2.539 x l 0 ~ 4
1.97 x l 0 ~ 5
6.19xlO- 5
2.50xl0~ 4
2.59 x l 0 ~ 5
6.66 XlO- 5
2.628 xlO~ 4
2.23 x 10~A
5.67 x 10 ~4
1.61 x 10~3
3.79 x l 0 ~ 3
1.82 xlO~ 4
4.51 x 10 ~4
1.28 x l 0 ~ 3
2.58 x 10 ~4
9.81xlO~ 4
2.2OxIO- 3
2.74 x l 0 ~ 5
8.21xl0~ 5
4.5 x 10~4
1.9 x l 0 ~ 3
5.IxIO-. 4
6.4xlO~ 4
1.9XlO" 5
2.00 x 10~4
4.69 xlO~ 4
1.22 x l O - 3
3.45 x l 0 ~ 3
3.80xl0~ 5
1.34 xlO~ 4
4.27 XlO" 4
1.59 x l O - 3
4.04 x 10 ~3
4.26 xlO~ 4
3.94 XlO" 3
1.94 xlO~ 4
1.03 x 10 ~4
4.03 x l 0 ~ 5
4.44 x l O - 6
8.50 x 10 " 5
6.88 x l 0 ~ 5
4.42 x l O - 5
8.1OxIO- 5
6.75 x l O " 5
3.83 x l O - 5
1.16 x l O - 4
4.73 x l 0 ~ 5
7.23X10- 6
1.47 x 10~4
1.14 x 10~4
4.44 x l 0 ~ 5
8.32xl0-6
9.46 x 10 ~6
4.33 x l O - 5
1.62 xlO~ 4
5.80xl0~ 4
9.6x10-6
1.98 xlO~ 5
1.28OxIO-4
E* (kj/mol)
Notes
117.3
125.7
125.7
121.5
145.0
132.8
131.1
124.0
145.4
a
h
a
a
V5
z (1256)
z (3890)
z (1013)
z (4154)
z (1013)
z (4154)
z (1256)
z (3890)
z (1256)
z (3890)
h
122.8
Refs.
292
292
292
292
292
292
292
292
292
292
292
292
297
297
297
297
297
297
297
327
327
327
266,313
266,313
372
372
372
372
339
297
297
297
297
138
138
138
138
138
44
44
217
333
333
333
280
280
280
280
280
280
333
333
333
217
333
333
333
217
217
217
217
309
309
309
TABLE 2. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
IS (cont'd)
Initiator
Solvent
l,l'-Azo-bis-4-bromocumene
Toluene
lJ'-Azo-bis-S-chlorocumene
Toluene
1,1'- Azo-bis-4-chlorocumene
Toluene
l,r-Azo-bis-l-chloro-l-(4-tolyl)ethane
Acetophenone
Paraffin
Toluene
2,2'-Azo-bis[2-(4-ethyl-4-methylimidazoline-2-yl)propane 2HCl
2,2/-Azo-bis[2-(4-ethyl-5-methylimidazoline-2-yl)propane 2HCl
2,2'-Azo-bis[2-(5,5-dimethyl-3,4,5-trihydropyrimidine-2-yl)propane
2,2/-Azo-bis[2-(5,5-dimethyl-3,4,5-trihydropyrimidine-2-yl)propane2HCl
l,l'-Azo-bis-4-fluorocumene
Methanol
Water
Methanol
Water
Methanol
l,l'-Di-3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-l,l'-azo-ethane
l,l/-Azo-bis-(2-methoxyphenyl)ethane
p-Cymene
Methanol
Water
Toluene
p-Cymene
l,l'-Azo-bis-(2-methoxyphenyl)ethane
Ethylbenzene
l,l/-Azo-bis-(3-methoxyphenyl)ethane
l,r-Azo-bis-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethane
l,r-Azo-bis-l-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethane
l,r-Azo-bis-l-phenylpropane
p-Cymene
2,2/-Azo-bis-2-phenyl-hexafluoropropane
Toluene
p-Cymene
Ethylbenzene
Ethylbenzene
U'-Dimethyl-azo-cyclooctane
Benzene
!,l'-Diphenyl-azo-cyclopropane
Benzene
Ethylbenzene
T( 0 C)
42.8
48.6
58.0
36.0
42.8
48.2
61.1
36.0
42.8
48.2
74.8
79.5
86
105
109.5
126
135.5
59
69
59
69
50
50
50
50
50
kd ( s 1 )
2.72 xlO~ 5
6.28 x l O " 5
2.189 x l O - 4
8.8 x 10~6
2.46 XlO" 5
5.55 x l 0 ~ 5
2.796xlO- 4
1.11 x 10 ~~5
2.9OxIO- 5
6.52 x l 0 ~ 5
2.1 x 10~3
3.OxIO" 3
7.4 x l O - 3
1.66 x l O " 3
2.5 x l O - 2
6.4 x l O - 2
UxlO"1
1.03 x 10 ~4
4.OxIO" 4
1.03 x l O - 4
3.93 XlO" 4
6.8OxIO" 5
7.38 x 10 " 5
9.48 x 10 " 5
1.1 x 10 " 4
9xlO"7
50
8.OxIO- 6
50
7.9xlO" 6
36.0
5.7xlO-6
42.8
1.31 x 10 ~5
48.2
2.94 XlO" 5
61.1
1.880xl0~ 4
95
4.13 x IO" 5
105
1.357 x 10~4
84.6
1.69 x 10~5
95
6.1IxIO-5
105
1.975 x l O - 4
106.06
2.29 x l O " 5
113.81
5.52 x 10~5
133.66
4.87 XlO" 4
95
1.53 x IO" 5
105
6.91 x 10 ~5
95
3.56 x l O " 5
105
1.09OxIO- 4
100.4
(7.15 0.1) x 10~5
110.3 (2.48 0.02) x 10 ~4
100.4
(2.35 0.1) x 10~5
110.3
(7.2 0.2) x 10- 5
45.0
8.36 x l O " 6
50.0
2.16 x l O " 5
55.0
4.92 x l O - 5
60.0
8.81xl0"5
67.0
2.46 x l O - 4
43.8
6.3 x l O - 5
53.8
2.4 x l O - 4
130.0
1.09 x l O " 4
140.0
3.05 x l O - 4
150.0
8.96 x l O " 4
165.0
9.6xlO" 5
175.0
2.2IxIO" 4
185.0
5.09 x l O - 4
170.0
1.67 x 10 ~4
180.0
3.48 x l O " 4
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
117.7
115.9
112.5
126.8
115.9
134.9
135.6
171.8
a
a
a
h
126.5
149.8
135.1
137.2
115.5
145.8
135.3
Refs.
309
309
309
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
240
240
240
240
240
240
240
240
240
239
239
356
356
356
356
356
356
356
200
200
200
200
266,313
266,313
266
266,313
266,313
300
300
300
266,313
266,313
266,313
266,313
98
98
98
98
173
173
173
173
173
42
42
327
327
327
323
323
323
323
323
TABLE 2. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
IS (cont'd)
19
20
Initiator
Solvent
3,8-Diphenyl-l,2-diaza-lcyclooctene
Tetralin
U'-Di-O-tolyO-U'-azo-ethane
l,l'-Di-(4-tolyl)-l,r-azo-ethane
/?-Cymene
p-Cymene
Phenyl-azo-diphenylmethane
Decalin
2-(2-Phenyl-4-methylpentyl)azo-2-(4-methylpentane)
Diphenyl ether
l,l'-Azo-bis-l-acetoxy1-phenylethane
Paraffin
U'-Azo-bis-U-dicyclopropylbutane
Diphenyl ether/
9-Azo-bis-decalin (cis)
Ethylbenzene
(trans)
oc,a'-Azo-bis(a-methylbenzyl) diacetate
Dichlorobenzene
Azo-bis-4-methylcumene
Cumene
Toluene
2,2'-Azo-bis[2-(4-ethyl-5-isopropylimidazoline-2-yl)propane 2HCl
2,2'-Azo-bis-2-(4-tolyl)-propane
Methanol
Water
Toluene
l,r-Azo-bis-l,l,l-tricyclopropylmethane
Diphenyl ether/
l,r~Di-(4-ethylphenyl)1,1-azo-ethane
l,l'-Diphenyl-azo-butane
l,l'-Diphenyl-azo-cyclobutane
Decalin/
Isoquinoline
Cumene/
p-Cymene
Ethylbenzene
Ethylbenzene
T( 0 C)
^d(S"1)
143
151
165
173
105
95
105
124.5
144.5
103.0
110.0
120.0
130.0
131
142
149.5
120.0
125.0
130.0
135.0
140.0
147.0
180.0
190.0
200.0
180.0
190.0
200.0
65
70
80
90
55
55
55
41.0
49.5
58.5
50
50
36.0
42.8
61.1
105.0
110.0
115.0
120.0
125.0
130.0
135.0
9.52 x 10~5
2.09 x l O " 4
8.77 XlO" 4
1.82 xlO~ 3
8.17 x l O " 5
3.06 x 10~5
9.35 x l O - 5
3.44 x 10 " 5
2.69 x l O - 4
1.17 x l O " 4
2.52 x 10 ~4
8.51 x 10- 4
2.611 x l O " 3
3.2 x l O " 2
4.3 x 10~2
8.OxIO- 2
4.26 x l O " 5
7.94 x l O " 5
1.49 x l O " 4
2.697 x l O - 4
4.774 x l O " 4
1.055 XlO" 3
1.41 x 10" 4
3.95 x l O " 4
1.05 XlO" 3
1.9Ox 10" 4
5.35 XlO" 4
1.41xlO" 3
1.86 x 10 ~5
4.0OxIO" 5
1.592 x l O " 4
5.525 x l O " 4
8.86 x 10 " 5
7.54 XlO" 5
4.47 x 10- 5
1.33 x 10~5
5.02 XlO" 5
1.690xl0" 4
7.72 x 10~5
1.01 x 10 ~4
8.4xlO~ 6
1.62 x l O - 5
2.08 x l O " 4
7.89 x l O " 5
1.374 x l O " 4
2.36 XlO" 4
4.58 x l O " 4
7.76 xlO~ 4
1.38 x l O " 3
2.39 x l O " 3
118.5
118.5
3.60 x 10 " 4
3.30 x l O " 4
118.5
95
105
93.88
105.68
119.55
63.2
73.8
79.1
87.7
445xlO" 4
3.02 x l O " 5
9.14 x l O " 5
1.67 x 10~5
6.96 XlO" 5
3.39 x l O " 4
8.2xlO~ 6
3.5 XlO" 5
6.9 x l O " 5
1.69 XlO" 4
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
153.6
126.5
142.3
159.0
175.1
175.1
z (1013)
z (4154)
120.7
110.0
143.5
Refs.
137
137
137
137
266,313
266,313
266,313
46
46
310
310
310
310
240
240
240
171
171
171
171
171
171
335
335
335
335
335
335
366
366
366
366
280,333
280,333
280,333
309
309
309
356
356
200
200
200
171
171
171
171
171
171
171
171
171
h
125.3
a
a
a
h
122.3
b,h
171
266,313
266,313
300
300
300
323
323
323
323
TABLE 2. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
20 (cont'd)
22
24
25
Initiator
(-HJ)-I,l'-Diphenyl-lmethyl-azo-methane
2,2'-Azo-bis(2-methyl-A^-phenylpropionamidine) 2HCl
2,2/-Azo-bis[A^-(4-chlorophenyl)2-methylpropionamidine] 2HCl
2,2'-Azo-bis[Af-(4-hydroxyphenyl)2-methylpropionamidine] 2HCl
l,r-Azo-bis-l-phenyl-3methylbutane
1,1'-Azo-bis-4-ethylcumene
Solvent
T( 0 C)
^d(S1)
Water
106.0
127.9
45
8.26 x l O " 6
1.18 x l O " 4
1.93 x 10 ~5
Water
45.5
Water
Cumene
Ethylbenzene
Toluene
l,r-Azo-bis-4-isopropylcumene
Toluene
U'-Diisopropyl-U'diphenyl-azo-ethane
l,l'-Diphenyl-azocyclopentane
Ethylbenzene
2,2'-Azo-bis[2-methyl-N-(phenylmethyl)propionamidine] 2HCl
2,2'-Azo-bis[2-(4-methyl-4-isobutylimidazoline-2-yl)propane 2HCl
2,2'-Azo-bis[2-(4-methyl-5-isobutylimidazoline-2-yl)propane 2HCl
2,2/-Azo-bis[2-(4-ethyl-5-propylimidazoline-2-yl)propane 2HCl
U'-Azo-bis-4-terf-butylcumene
Water
oc,a'-Azo-bis(a-methylbenzyl)dimethacrylate
Dichlorobenzene
Bis(2,2,4,6,6-pentamethyl4-heptyl)diazine
Diphenyl ether
l,r-Diphenyl-azo-cyclohexane
Benzene
3-Bromophenyl-azo-triphenylmethane
4-Bromophenyl-azo-triphenylmethane
4-Hydroxyphenyl-azo-triphenylmethane
Toluene
Benzene
Methanol
Water
Methanol
Water
Methanol
Water
Toluene
Toluene
Acetic acid
Pyridine
Toluene
2-Nitrophenyl-azo-9-phenylfluorene
Toluene
4-Nitrophenyl-azo-9-phenylfluorene
Toluene
2,4-Dinitrophenyl-azo-9-phenylfluorene
2-Nitrophenyl-azo-triphenylmethane
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Benzene
terf-Butylbenzene
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
149.2
Refs.
318
318
339
1.93 x 10 ~5
339
47.5
1.93 x 10~5
339
100.4
110.3
42.8
48.6
58.0
42.8
51.2
58.0
50
7.6xl0"5
2.42 x 10 " 4
1.29 x l O " 5
3.29 x l O " 5
1.24Ox 10~4
1.13 x l O " 5
4.26 x l 0 ~ 5
1.078 xlO~ 4
3.52 x l O ' 5
98
98
309
309
309
309
309
309
324
323
323
323
339
29.5
40.0
50.0
52
50
50
50
50
50
50
42.8
48.6
58.0
65
70
80
90
100.1
109.2
125.0
45.5
54.0
69.7
53.8
64.0
53.35
64.30
54.00
64.00
54.00
64.00
54.00
64.00
45.45
55.55
45.45
55.55
55.55
64.94
64.94
75.06
53.8
64.0
60
60
3.16
1.24
4.68
1.93
x 10~4
x 10 " 3
XlO" 3
x 10 ~5
5.54 x 10 " 5
7.08 x 10 ~5
7.72 x 10 ~5
9.78 x 10 ~5
1.06 x 10 " 4
1.41 x 10~4
1.16 x l 0 ~ 5
2.58 x l 0 ~ 5
1.080xl0" 4
3.65 x 10~5
7.98 x 10 ~5
2.313 xlO~ 4
1.344 XlO" 3
3.03 x 10 ~4
7.62 x l O " 4
3.90xl0~ 3
2.52 x 10~5
8.74 x l O - 5
7.12 xlO~ 4
1.14 x 10 " 4
4.58 x 10 " 4
1.05 x 10 " 4
4.28 x 10 " 4
1.42 x 10~4
6.2xlO~ 4
1.52 x l O " 4
6.7 XlO" 4
1.70 x 10~4
6.4 x l O " 4
1.01 x 10~4
3.71 x 10" 4
2.06 x 10 " 4
7.53 XlO" 4
2.06 x 10 " 4
6.92 x 10 ~4
1.46 x 10 ~4
5.26 XlO" 4
5.8 x 10 ~5
1.99 x l O " 4
9.92 x 10 ~5
9.18 x 10 ~5
139.3
108.9
124.4
113.6
103.1
123.6
h
125.7
h
125.7
125.1
117.2
133.9
133.9
121.3
119.7
111.7
119.2
123.8
110.9
356
356
356
356
356
356
309
309
309
366
366
366
366
314
314
314
323
323
323
42
42
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
42
42
263
263
TABLE 2. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
25 (cont'd)
Initiator
Solvent
Cumene
Ethylbenzene
Octane
Toluene
Benzene
tert-Butylbenzene
Chlorobenzene
Cumene
Decane
1-Decene
Dodecane
1-Eicosene
Heptane
Hexadecane
1-Hexadecene
Hexane
1-Hexene
Nonane
Octadecane
1-Octadecene
Octane
1-Octene
Pentane
Tetradecane
2,4-Dinitrophenyl-azo-triphenylmethane
Phenyl-azo-triphenylmethane
1-Tetradecene
Toluene
Toluene
Acetic acid
Anisole
T( 0 C)
A^(S"1)
60
60
60
45
60
60
60
60
60
55
55
55
55
55
55
60
60
60
50
60
70
77.5
60
50
60
70
60
50
60
70
50
60
70
77.5
60
50
60
60
50
60
70
1.04 x 10~4
1.10 x 10~ 4
1.01 x 10~4
1.25 x 10 " 5
1.22 x l O ~ 4
1.09 x 10 " 4
9.7xlO~ 5
4.03 x l O - 5
4.44 x 10 " 6
8.50xl0~ 5
6.88 x l O " 5
4.42 x l O - 5
8.1OxIO- 5
6.75 XlO" 5
2.62 x l O - 5
1.15 x l O " 4
4.73 x l O " 5
7.23 XlO" 6
2.017 x l O " 5
9.988 x l O " 4
3.35OxIO- 4
1.16 XlO" 3
1.038 x l O " 4
1.933 x 10 ~5
9.166 x l O " 5
3.25OxIO- 4
7.6OxIO- 5
2.716 x l O " 5
1.043 x l O - 4
3.900xl0"4
1.716 x l O " 5
8.133 x l O " 5
2.966 x l O - 4
1.09xl0-3
8.25 x 10 ~5
2.75OxIO- 5
1.195 x l O ~ 4
1.143 x 10 ~4
2.20OxIO- 5
9.900 x l O " 5
3.71OxIO- 4
60
70
60
60
70
77.5
60
50
60
50
60
70
60
64.94
75.06
53.35
64.30
75.06
84.98
43.30
64.00
25.0
7.78OxIO- 5
2.783 x l O - 4
7.58 x 10 ~5
1.015 x 10~4
3.65OxIO- 4
1.78 x l O - 3
1.123 x l O ~ 4
3.600xl0"5
1.28OxIO- 4
1.866 x l O " 5
8.80OxIO- 5
3.116 x l O ~ 4
9.02 x 10 " 5
2.58 x 10~4
9.19 x l O - 4
5.7 x l O - 5
2.25 XlO" 4
1.9OxIO- 4
6.13 x 10~4
5.7 x 10~5
8.4 x l O - 4
2.58 x l O " 6
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
z (1256)
z (3890)
z (1013)
z (4154)
z (1013)
z (6180)
z (1256)
z (3890)
123.0
113.0
122.6
117.2
120.5
b,h
Refs.
263
263
263
263
263
263
263
263
263
333
333
333
333
333
333
263
263
263
168,263
168,263
168
168
168
168,263
168,263
168
168
168
168,263
168
168,263
168,263
168
168
168
168,263
168,263
168
168,263
168,263
168
168,263
168
168
168,263
168
168
168
168,263
168,263
168,263
168,263
168
168
75
75
52
52
75
75
52
52
103
TABLE 2.
Number of
C atoms
25 (cont'd)
cont'd
Initiator
Phenyl-azo-triphenylmethane
Solvent
Anisole
Benzene
Benzonitrile
/m-Butylbenzene
Chlorobenzene
Cumene
Cyclohexane
Decane
Dodecane
Diethyl malonate
Ethylbenzene
Heptane
Hexadecane
Hexane
Nitrobenzene
Octane
Pyridine
Tetradecane
Toluene
26
2,2/-Azo-bis[2-(4-ethyl-5-propylimidazoline-2-yl)propane 2HCl
Azo-bis-diphenylmethane
Methanol
Water
Toluene
1,1'-Bis-biphenyl-azo-methane
Diphenyl ether
l,l'-Azo-bis-l-(4-tolyl)-cyclohexane
Toluene
T( 0 C)
50.2
74.7
25.0
74.5
80.1
85.9
25.0
49.6
74.7
50
25.0
50.3
74.7
50
50
50
25.0
49.6
74.7
50
50
50
25.0
49.6
74.7
60
60
25.1
74.5
80.1
85.9
50
60
60
60
25.0
74.5
80.1
85.9
50
50
50
60
53.35
64.00
60
43.8
53.8
45
50
45.45
55.55
43.30
53.35
53.3
50
50
54.0
64.0
135.0
145.0
155.0
165.0
36.0
^d(S1)
1.31 x 10~4
3.03 x l O ~ 3
3.0xl0~6
2.9 x l O ~ 3
6.8 x l 0 ~ 3
1.1 x l O ~ 2
4.29 x l O ~ 6
1.24 x l O - 4
3.12 x l 0 ~ 3
1.37 x l O ~ 4
2.62 x l O ~ 6
1.56 x l O ~ 4
3.14 x l 0 ~ 3
1.33 x 10 ~4
3.83 x l 0 ~ 5
9.53 x l O ~ 6
3.77 x l O ~ 6
1.67 x l O ~ 4
3.93 x l 0 ~ 3
1.50 x 10 ~4
6.82 x l 0 ~ 5
7.65 x l O ~ 6
4.22 x l O ~ 6
9.90 x l 0 ~ 5
1.75 x l 0 ~ 3
5.72 x 10~4
5.35 x 10 ~4
3.1 x 10~6
2.8 x 10 ~3
5.9 x l O " 3
1.0 x l 0 ~ 2
1.58 x 10 ~4
6.60xl0~4
4.76 x 10 ~4
7.60xl0~4
2.6xlO~ 6
3.0xl0~3
5.8 x l 0 ~ 3
9.8 x l 0 ~ 3
1.59 x 10 ~4
7.53 x l O ~ 5
1.17 x l 0 ~ 5
6.41 x l O ~ 4
1.74 x l 0 ~ 4
8.OxIO" 4
4.99 x 10 ~4
6.3 x 10" 5
2.4 x l O - 4
9.23 x l 0 ~ 5
1.73 x l O - 4
8.48 x l 0 ~ 5
3.5IxIO-4
6.0xl0~5
2.25 XlO" 4
2.25 x l O - 4
9.75 x 10 ~5
1.33 x 10 ~4
1.01 x 10 ~4
3.4OxIO- 4
1.23 x 10~4
3.58 x l O " 4
7.76 XlO" 4
2.09 x l O - 3
8.7xlO~ 6
E a (kj/mol)
Notes
Refs.
b
b
118.3
112.1
121.3
118.4
102.5
116.6
118.7
129.7
115.5
122.6
113.0
113.0
111.3
134.1
107.1
103
103
114
114
114
114
b,h
103
103
b
103
263
b,h
103
b
103
103
263
z (1140)
263
z (4265)
263
b,h
103
b
103
b
103
263
z (1140)
263
z (4265)
263
h
103
b
103
b
103
263
263
114
114
114
114
263
263
263
263
114
114
114
114
263
z (1140)
263
z (4265)
263
263
52
52
263
42
42
263
263
75
75
52
52
46
356
356
107,312
46,107,312
h
297
297
297
297
200
TABLE 2. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
26 (cont'd)
Initiator
l,l'-Azo-bis-l-(4-tolyl)-cyclohexane
Toluene
l,r-Diisopropyl-2,2'-dimethyl1,1 '-Diphenyl-azo-propane
Ethylbenzene
4-Methoxyphenyl-azo-triphenylmethane
l,r-Diphenyl-azo-cycloheptane
Toluene
3-Tolyl-azo-triphenylmethane
Benzene
terf-Butylbenzene
Cumene
Ethylbenzene
Octane
Toluene
4-Tolyl-azo-triphenylmethane
27
28
Solvent
4-Acetaminophenyl-azo-triphenylmethane
U'-Azo-bis-l,2-diphenylethane (meso)
Benzene
Benzene
tert-Butylbenzene
Cumene
Ethylbenzene
Octane
Toluene
Toluene
Ethylbenzene
(D,L)
30
l,l'-Dibutyl-l,l'-diphenylazo-pentane
Ethylbenzene
34
l,r-Azo-bis-(l,3-diphenylpentane)
3,10,13,20-Tetraphenyl-l,2,ll,12-tetraaza-Ul-cycloeicosadiene
Bromobenzene
Xylene
Xylene
3,12,15,24-Tetraphenyl-l,2,13,14-tetraaza-l,13-cyclotetracosadiene
Ethylbenzene
Xylene
40
44
Poly[oxyethylenexoxy(l-oxo-2,2-dimethylethylene)azo-(2-oxo-1,1 -dimethylethylene)
o-Xylene
T( 0 C)
42.8
61.1
50.0
60.0
70.0
54.00
64.00
16.2
24.8
33.4
41.1
50
50
50
50
45
43.8
53.8
45
50
50
50
50
50
45
43.30
53.35
45
50
54.00
64.00
96.56
106.47
115.28
96.56
106.47
115.28
50.0
60.0
70.0
89.7
118.8
110
120
130
112.95
110.8
119.8
110
120
130
85
95
105
T(K)
* d (s" 1 )
2.0IxIO" 5
2.009 x l O " 4
6.24 x l O " 5
2.49 x 10 " 4
7.77 XlO" 4
2.13 x l O " 4
7.6xlO" 4
1.65 x 10 " 4
5.52 xlO~ 4
1.66 x l 0 ~ 3
4.52 XlO" 3
1.3OxIO"4
1.3OxIO"4
1.51 x 10 " 4
1.72 x 10 " 4
8.9xl0"5
7.4 x l O " 5
2.77 XlO" 4
9.74 XlO" 5
1.81 x 10" 4
1.26 x 10 ~4
1.35 x 10 ~4
1.4OxIO"4
1.62 x 10 ~4
8.6xl0"5
6.9xlO" 5
2.25 XlO" 4
9.3 x l O " 5
1.52 x l O " 4
1.46 x 10" 4
5.9xlO" 4
2.75 x l O " 5
9.03 x 10" 5
2.42 XlO" 4
3.22 x l O " 5
1.04 XlO" 4
2.84 XlO" 4
5.05 x l O " 5
2.03 x 10~4
6.24 x l O " 4
1.5 x 10" 5
5.6 x 10 " 4
7.2OxIO" 5
2.3OxIO" 4
6.9OxIO" 4
8.76IxIO" 5
8.9 x 10"5
2.2 XlO" 4
7.63 xlO" 5
2.46 x 10"4
7.12 xlO" 4
2.106 x 10"4
7.312 x 10~4
1.995 x 10"3
1.99 x 1014
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
117.2
113.8
100.4
125.5
138.5
138.9
108.9
145.6
126.4
143.9
124.0
exp[-124.0//?7]
a,h
a
a
a,h
a
a
h
Refs.
200
200
324
324
324
52
52
323
323
323
323
263
263
263
263
263
42
42
263
263
263
263
263
263
263
52
52
263
263
52
52
162
162
162
162
162
162
324
324
324
311
311
38
38
38
158
48
48
38
38
38
332
332
332
332
TABLE 3. ALKYL PEROXIDES

Number of
C atoms
Initiator
Methyl peroxide
Ethyl peroxide
Solvent
Vapor
Methanol
Styrene
Vapor
Vapor (toluene)
2,4-Pentanedione peroxide
Triethyl phosphate
Propyl peroxide
Vapor
Isopropyl peroxide
Allyl
tert-butylperoxide
Styrene
Toluene
Dimethylaminomethyl
peroxide
ter/-butyl
tert-Butyl
peroxide
Acetic acid
Acetonitrile
Benzene
Benzhydrol
terf-Butanol
2-Butanol
n-Butyl mercaptan
Tri-n-butylamine
T( 0 C)
T(K)
T(K)
60
140.2
147.8
160.0
176.5
184.5
145.9
145.9
200
210
218
226
234
245
100
115
125
146.5
155.3
166.8
175.4
60
130
140
150
160
110
120
130
115
120
125
130
95
125
115
120
125
130
80
130
100
100
115
130
120
120
120
120
120
125
130
135
125
120
125
130
135
125
125
125
135
â(S1)
Ea (kj/mol)
1.6xlO 15
4.IxIO15
1.2xlO" 9
1.75 x 10 ~4
3.6OxIO- 4
1.08 x l O " 3
3.78 x l 0 ~ 3
7.16 x l O " 3
6.69 x l O - 4
5.02 x l O " 4
3.58 x 10 ~2
6.76xlO- 2
1.47XlO- 1
2.23XlO- 1
3.86XlO" 1
6.43XlO- 1
1.9X10" 6
6.IxIO"6
1.4 x l O " 5
2.50xl0~ 4
6.0OxIO- 4
1.95 x l O " 3
4.1OxIO- 3
6. xlO" 1 0
5.76 x l O " 5
1.785 XlO" 4
4.800xl0~ 4
1.27OxIO-3
5.5xl0~ 5
1.9 x l O " 4
4.76 x l O " 4
1.2 x l O " 5
2.19 x l O " 5
2.98 x l O " 5
6.29 x l O - 5
9.53 x 10 " 7
3.89 x l O - 5
1.19 x l O " 5
2.21 x 10~5
3.47 x l O - 5
5.63 x l O " 5
7.81xl0"8
(2.48-3.04) x 10~5
8.8 x l O " 7
8.75 XlO" 7
5.66 x l O " 6
3.0OxIO- 5
1.39 x l O - 5
7.6 x l O - 6
7.5 x l O - 6
3.7 XlO" 6
1.10 x l O - 5
1.99 x l O - 5
3.22 XlO" 5
6.19 x l O " 5
8.7xl0"5
1.41 x 10 ~5
2.49 x l O " 5
4.3OxIO- 5
7.32 x l 0 ~ 5
4.8xlO-5
1.5 x 10 ~5
(1.70.3) x 10" 5
(4.2 0.4) x 10 " 5
exp[- Ul.l/RT]
exp[-153.9//?7]
147.3
131.8
Notes
a
a
a
a
a
t8
132.6
92
132.2
154.8
139.1
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
h,m6
134.5
139.7
129.7
d
h
142.3
146.9
m 2 ,u 2
m 2 ,u 2
a
147.7
a
a
z (0.98)
z (864)
z (1620)
z (3480)
h
143.5
Refs.
72
225
92
127
127
127
127
127
187
187
87
87
87
87
87
87
337
337
337
128
128
128
128
92
321
321
321
321
303
303
303
192
192
192
192
208
208
192
192
192
192
129
129
126,337
197
126,337
126,337
33
33
33
33
192
192
192
192
140
192
192
192
192
140
140
64
64
Notes page II - 69; References page II - 70
TABLE 3. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
8 (cont'd)
Initiator
terf-Butyl
peroxide
Solvent
Tri-n-butylamine
tert-Butylbenzene
Chlorobenzene
Cumene
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexanol
Cyclohexene
Cyclohexylamine
Decane
Dodecane
Dimethylaniline
Ethyl benzoate
Af-Ethylcyclohexyl amine
Heptane
Hexadecane
Hexane
T( 0 C)
145
T (K)
125
135
145
T (K)
125
125
125
120
120
120
120
125
150
121
141
164
T (K)
125
135
145
T (K)
95
120
125
130
135
125
120
125
130
135
120
120
120
120
125
80
110
130
115
130
140
80
110
130
120
125
130
135
120
125
130
135
125
80
110
80
110
130
80
110
kd (s~l)
(1.600.21) x 10~4
2.8 x 1 0 u
(1.5 0.2) x 10~5
(5.00.3)xl0-5
(1.51 0.22) xlO~ 4
2.8 x 1014
2.1OxIO- 6
2.49 x l O - 6
2.03 xlO~ 6
9xlO"6
2.4 x l O - 6
2.3 x l O - 6
8.6 x l 0 ~ 7
1.4OxIO- 6
4.45 x 104
1.93 x l 0 ~ 5
1.93 x l O - 4
1.93 XlO" 3
4.20 x 1015
(1.60.1) x 10~5
(5.2 0.3) x 10- 5
(1.560.13)x 10~4
2.8 x 1014
2.48 x 10 ~7
6.3 x l O - 6
1.52 x l O - 5
2.59 XlO" 5
4.64 x l 0 ~ 5
2.4 x l O " 5
7.6 x 10~6
1.38 x l O - 5
2.81 x 10- 5
4.4IxIO-5
8.3 XlO" 6
6.2 XlO" 6
3.77 x l O " 6
2.65 XlO" 6
5.50xl0~ 5
1.39 x 10 ~8
2.0IxIO-6
2.48 XlO" 5
3.00xl0~ 6
2.16 xlO~ 5
6.66 x l 0 ~ 5
1.29 x 10 ~8
1.87 xlO~ 6
2.44 x l 0 ~ 5
9.6xlO~ 6
1.89 x l 0 ~ 5
3.41 x l 0 ~ 5
5.84 x l 0 ~ 5
1.07 x l 0 ~ 5
1.92 x l 0 ~ 5
3.39 x l 0 ~ 5
5.90xl0~ 5
4.01 x 10 ~5
1.44 x 10 ~8
2.19 xlO~ 6
1.07 x 10 ~8
1.82 xlO~ 6
2.33 xlO~ 5
1.64 x 10 ~8
2.17 xlO~ 6
EB (kj/mol)
Notes
exp[- U6A/RT\
exp[- 146A/RT]
U1
s
s,t6
z (0.98)
z (1930)
z (2890)
z (5525)
ui,t 6
exp[- 153.46/RT]
exp[- H6A/RT]
170.7
156.1
157.3
z (0.98)
z (1275)
z (2890)
z (5725)
h
163
a
a
a
148.5
Refs.
64
123
64
64
64
123
301
301
301
33
33
33
33
301
346
344
344
344
344
64
64
64
123
208
192
192
192
192
140
192
192
192
192
33
33
33
33
143
270
270
270
337
337
337
270
270
270
192
192
192
192
192
192
192
192
143
270
270
270
270
270
270
270
TABLE 3. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
S (cont'd)
Initiator
terf-Butyl
peroxide
Solvent
2-Methyl-2-butanol
Methyl methacrylate
AT-Methylpipendine
Mineral oil
Nonane
Norbornanol
Nujol
Octane
2-Octanol
Piperidine
1-Propanol
Styrene
Tetradecane
Tetrahydrofuran
Toluene
Triethylamine
Vapor (acetone)
Vapor (carbon
tetrachloride)
Vapor (chloroform)
Vapor (dichlorodifluoromethane)
Vapor (trichloro
ethylene)
Vapor (methylene
chloride)
Vapor (3-pentanone)
Vapor (silicon
tetrafluoride)
Vapor (toluene)
Vapor
T( 0 C)
^d(S"1)
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
149.4
Refs.
120
125
130
135
T (K)
125
T (K)
80
110
130
125
125
80
110
125
125
125
T(K)
80
110
130
120
125
130
135
125
100
120
120
120
120
125
125
T(K)
120
125
130
135
127.5
131
146
151.5
162
167
145
T (K)
150
1.26 xlO" 5
2.34 XlO" 5
4.47 xlO" 5
6.8OxIO"5
2.8 x 10 14
1.54 xlO" 5
1.31 x 1015
1.36 x 10 ~8
2.0IxIO" 6
2.54 x 10 ~5
4.4xlO" 5
7.8 XlO" 7
1.48 x 10 "8
2.19 xlO" 6
5.5xl0"5
3.49 x 10 ~5
2.8xl0"5
2.8xlO 1 4
1.12 xlO" 8
1.82 xlO" 6
2.38 xlO" 5
9.7xlO" 6
1.84 XlO" 5
3.39 xlO" 5
5.76 xlO" 5
1.5 x l 0 ~ 5
6.82 x 10 ~7
1.34 XlO" 5
9.5 xlO" 6
8.OxIO- 6
5.7 xlO" 6
1.6 xlO" 5
1.62 xlO" 5
1.3OxIO16
7.9xlO~ 6
1.69 xlO" 5
3.15 xlO" 5
5.55 XlO" 5
7.4 xlO" 6
1.13 XlO" 5
6.OxIO" 5
1.03 xlO" 4
3.6 xlO~ 4
5.2 xlO" 4
1.3 xlO" 4
5.9 x 10 16
8.58 x 10 "4
150
150
1.167 xlO" 3
>(2.00 x 10 ~4)
130
130
150
2.35 x 10"3
130
150
1.017 x 10 ~3
130
145
T (K)
160
160
160
148
158
103.2
111.9
1.5 x 10~ 4
6.8 x 10 16
1.05 xlO" 3
1.25 x l 0 ~ 3
1.27 xlO" 3
9.OxIO- 5
2.5 xlO" 4
5.6xlO" 7
2.03 XlO" 6
exp[- U6A/RT]
exp[- 154.6/RT]
exp[-146.4//?7]
155.2
z (0.98)
z (2000)
z (2850)
z (5170)
exp[- 15S3/RT]
169.9
165.3
exp[- 1653/RT]
1
165.3
exp[- 1653/RT]
113.0
a,i(2.6)
a,i(33)
a,i(100)
192
192
192
192
123
143
376
270
270
270
140
301
270
270
140
143
140
123
270
270
270
192
192
192
192
140
197
33
33
33
33
140
143
376
192
192
192
192
238
238
238
238
238
238
125
125
130
125
125
117
117
117
88
88
227
227
TABLE 3. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
S (cont'd)
Initiator
tert-Butyl peroxide
Solvent
Vapor
Vapor (He)
KBr pellets
terf-Butyl 2-chloro-l,l-dimethylethylperoxide
Cumene
sec-Butyl peroxide
Toluene
Vapor
Decane
Dodecane
Heptane
Hexadecane
Octane
Styrene
Tetradecane
Chlorobenzene
Chlorobenzene
Chlorobenzene
Chlorobenzene
Butyl peroxide
Bromo-terf-butyl peroxide
Chloro-terf-butyl peroxide
Bis(chloro-tert-butyl) peroxide
2-terf-Butyl peroxy-2-methyl1-propanol
T( 0 C)
120.2
129.5
138.5
145.4
125
135
145
129.6
141.0
152.5
166.8
130
140
150
160
170
129
138
149
152
139.7
147.2
154.6
159.8
T (K)
145
T(K)
149.5
160
160
160
130
140
150
160
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
109
127
149
120
130
140
150
100
100
80
80
80
80
80
60
80
150
150
150
150
A^(S" 1 )
6.39 x 10 " 6
1.98 XlO- 5
6.0OxIO- 5
1.24 x l O ~ 4
1.1 x K r 5
3.6 XlO- 5
1.15 x l O - 4
1.64 x l 0 ~ 5
6.28 XlO" 5
2.25 x l O - 4
8.92 x l O - 4
1.82 x l O - 5
5.75 x l O " 5
1.75 x l O - 4
4.88 x l O " 4
1.35 x l O - 3
1.97 x l O - 5
4.3 x l O - 5
1.30 x l O ~ 4
1.62 XlO" 4
6.OxIO- 5
1.43 x l O - 4
3.22 x l O - 4
5.53 x l O - 4
3.2 x 10 16
1.3 x l O - 4
1.9xlO 1 6
1.79 XlO" 4
4.0OxIO- 4
4.53 XlO" 4
4.83 x l O - 4
1.91 x 10" 5
5.95 x l 0 ~ 5
1.78 x l O " 4
4.96 x l 0 ~ 4
7.7
1.5IxIO 1
2.77X10 1
4.87XlO 1
8.34XlO 1
1.38 x l O 2
2.13 x l O 2
3.22 x l O 2
3.8 x 10" 7
2.96 x l O - 5
4.4 x l O " 4
8.82 x 10~6
2.8OxIO- 5
9.26 x l 0 ~ 5
2.78 x l O - 4
2.7 x 10 ~6
1.5 x 10" 6
1.43 x 10 " 8
1.17 x l O " 8
2.04 x 10~8
8.8 x 10 ~9
1.58 x l O " 8
3.3 x 10 ~9
9.6xlO-9
3.63 x 10 " 4
4.15 x 10 ~A
3.11 x 10 ~4
1.16 x 10 " 3
Ea (kj/mol)
159.0
Notes
a
a
a
a
a
163.6
exp[- 163.6/RT]
161.5
exp[-161.5//?7]
156.5
i(37-132)
154.8
a,i(2.6)
a,i(33)
a,i(100)
156.7
U3
U3
U3
U3
154.8
i(10)
i(10)
i(10)
i(10)
i(10)
KlO)
i(lO)
i(lO)
159.0
h
t6
t6
t6
t6
t6
142.3
t6
Refs.
227
227
227
227
64
64
64
86
86
86
86
96
96
96
96
96
88
88
88
88
63
63
63
63
63
125
175,125
83
117
117
117
277
277
277
277
111
111
111
111
111
111
111
111
241
241
241
363
363
363
363
197
197
270
270
270
270
270
92
270
346
346
346
346
TABLE 3. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
J(0C)
Initiator
Solvent
2-tert-Buty\ peroxy-2-methyl1-propanol-di
l-Hydroxybutyl--butyi peroxide
Chlorobenzene
150
a-Methylstyrene
1-Hydroxyisobutyl-isobutyl peroxide
a-Methylstyrene
1-Hydroxyisobutyl-l-di-isobutyll,l-d 2 peroxide
a-Methylstyrene
Dimethylaminomethylterf-amyl peroxide
Styrene
Diethylaminomethylterf-butyl peroxide
Styrene
N-Piperidinomethyltert-buty\ peroxide
Styrene
tert-Butyl tert-amyl peroxide
Cumene
10
tert-Amyl peroxide
Bulk
79.4
99.4
109.9
79.4
99.4
109.9
99.5
109.8
122.0
110
120
130
110
120
130
110
120
130
110
120
130
140
125
132.2
108
128
150
T (K)
125
125
125
132.2
136.7
142.2
149.2
136.7
142.2
149.7
110
120
130
140
110
120
130
140
150
127.5
130
132.5
135
137.5
140
142.5
145
147.5
150
80
85
100
115
8 (cont'd)
Chlorobenzene
Decalin
Octane
Triethylamine
Vapor
11
12
tert-Butyl 1,1-dimethylbutyl
peroxide
Cumene
ter/-Butyl 1,1,2-trimethylpropyl
peroxide
Cumene
2-Methyl-2-tert-butyl-peroxyacetate
Ethyl 2-terf-butylperoxymethylpropenoate
Chlorobenzene
Triisopropylbenzene
Apocamphane-1-formyl peroxide
2,2-Bis(tert-butylperoxybutane)
Benzene
Benzene
A:d (s" 1 )
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
1.23 x 10" 3
1.7 x 10~5
1.06 x l O - 4
2.9 x l O - 4
3.7 x 10" 5
2.OxIO" 4
4.8 x l O - 4
6.9xlO~ 5
1.8 x 10~4
4.2 x l O - 4
4.9xlO"5
1.19 x 10" 4
3.76 x l O " 4
4.IxIO-5
1.35 x 10~4
3.25 x l O - 4
5.5 x 10" 5
2.66 x 10 ~4
4.16 x l O - 4
3.86 x 10" 6
1.287 x l O - 5
4.3OxIO- 5
1.406 x l O - 4
5.7xlO- 5
1.15 XlO" 4
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 x l O " 4
1.93 x 10- 3
4.02 xlO 1 5
2.8xl0-5
3.0xl0"5
3.5 x 10 ~5
7.2 x 10~5
1.15 XlO" 4
2.16 xlO~ 4
4.8 x l O " 4
1.34 x l O - 4
2.4IxIO- 4
5.61 x 10" 4
4.38 x l O " 6
1.537 x l O " 5
4.99 x l 0 ~ 5
1.544 x l O - 4
7.07 x 10 " 6
2.374 x 10 ~5
7.62 x l 0 ~ 5
2.308 xlO~ 4
4.12 x 10 " 4
1.63 x 10~4
1.95 x l O " 4
2.16 x l O " 4
2.56 x l O - 4
3.47 XlO" 4
3.92 x l O - 4
4.68 x l O - 4
5.37 x l O - 4
6.3OxIO- 4
7.76 x l O ~ 4
2.3 x 10 ~4
3.OxIO- 6
1.9 x l 0 ~ 5
9.36 x l 0 ~ 5
Refs.
346
102.9
83.7
c
c
c
89.5
130.7
132.4
130.7
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
exp[- US35/RT]
154.8-171.5
i(200-225)
i(200-225)
i(200-225)
i(100-200)
i(440-610)
i(440-610)
i(440-610)
C2
C2
C2
C2
C2
C2
C2
C2
C2
C2
151
a
a
a
32
32
32
32
32
32
25
25
25
303
303
303
303
303
303
303
303
303
363
363
363
363
202
202
344
344
344
344
202
202
202
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
363
363
363
363
363
363
363
363
346
353
353
353
353
353
353
353
353
353
353
244
337
337
337
TABLE 3. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
12 (cont'd)
13
Initiator
Solvent
tert-Butyl 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl
peroxide
Cumene
1-Hydroxy-l-hydroperoxydicyclohexyl peroxide
Benzene
Di-(I -hydroxycyclohexyl)peroxide
Diisopropylaminomethyltert-amyl peroxide
Chlorobenzene
1-Phenylethyl terf-butyl peroxide

terf-Butyla-cumyl
peroxide
Chlorobenzene
terf-Butylbenzene
Styrene
Chlorobenzene
Cumene
Dodecane
14
15
16
terf-Butyl />-chlorocumyl peroxide

tert-Butyl p-nitrocumyl peroxide
tert-Butyl l,l-dimethyl-2-phenylethyl peroxide
Cumene
Cumene
Cumene
U-Di-(terf-butylperoxy)cyclohexane
Ethyl-3,3-di-tert-butylperoxy)-butyrate
l-[4-(Dimethylamino)phenyl]ethyl tert-butyl peroxide
Benzene
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
tert-Butyl /?-methoxycumyl peroxide

tert-Butyl p-methylcumyl peroxide
terf-Butyl m-methoxycumyl peroxide
Bis(l, 1,2,2-tetramethylpropyl) peroxide
2-[4-(Dimethylamino)phenyl]propyl tert-buty\ peroxide
l,l-Di-(terf-amylperoxy)cyclohexane
tert-Butyl 3-isopropenylcumyl peroxide
Cumene
Cumene
Cumene
Cumene
Chlorobenzene
2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)-hexane
Benzene
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
Chlorobenzene
2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-di(terr-butylperoxy)-3-hexyne
Benzene
T( 0 C)
kd (s" 1 )
110
120
130
140
85
100
115
130
105
120
110
120
130
129.2
138
158
115
136
159
T(K)
138
158
125
128
138
148
158
125
125
110
120
130
140
93
1.085 x 10~5
3.73 x 10 ~5
1.141 x 10~4
3.40xl0~ 4
9.6xlO~ 6
5.1 x 10 ~5
1.9 xlO~ 4
5.2 x l O - 4
~1.9xl0~5
~1.9xlO~4
3.9xl0"5
1.21 x 10~4
3.OxIO" 4
3.09 x 10~5
1.48 xlO~ 4
9.62 XlO" 4
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 xlO~ 4
1.93 x l 0 ~ 3
1.17 xlO 1 5
1.44 xlO~ 4
8.88 xlO~ 4
3.04 x l 0 ~ 5
4.44 x 10 ~5
1.39 xlO~ 4
3.21 x 10 ~4
8.88 xlO~ 4
2.42 x 10 ~5
2.20 x 10 ~5
4.35 x 10 ~6
1.458 x 10~5
4.70xl0~ 5
1.463 xlO~ 4
1.9xlO~ 5
111
100.4
110.8
120.9
129.2
129.2
125
125
125
125
129.2
1.9xl0" 5
1.82 xlO~ 6
6.97 x 10 ~6
2.18 x l 0 ~ 5
6.18 x l 0 ~ 5
5.22 x l 0 ~ 5
3.72 x 10 ~5
3.22 x 10 ~5
2.84 x 10 ~5
4.84 xlO~ 4
1.51 x 10~4
90
104
126
152
T(K)
115
130
145
115
134
156
T (K)
115
130
145
160
1.9xl0~ 5
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 x 10 ~4
1.93x10-3
1.161xl0 13
1.15 x l 0 ~ 5
6.86 x 10 ~5
4.75 xlO~ 4
1.93 x l 0 ~ 5
1.93 xlO~ 4
1.93 x l 0 ~ 3
1.68 x 1016
3.91 x 10 ~6
2.35 x 10 ~5
1.14 xlO~ 4
6.17 xlO~ 4
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
a,c2
a,c2
a,c2
a,c2
132.4
tn
tn
tn
a
a
exp[-146.98//?7]
a
a
146.4
a
a
a
a
a
a
151.7
m2
m2
exp[-128.33/#7]
166.9
exp[- 155.49/RT]
156.9
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
Refs.
363
363
363
363
337
337
337
337
344
344
303
303
303
282
80
80
344
344
344
344
80
80
352
80
80
80
80
352
352
363
363
363
363
338
338
282
282
282
282
282
352
352
352
352
282
338
344
344
344
344
126,337
126,337
126,337
344
344
344
344
126,337
126,337
126,337
126,337
TABLE 3. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
16 (cont'd)
17
18
Initiator
2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-di(terf-butylperoxy)-3-hexyne
rc-Butyl-4,4-bis(terf-butylperoxy)valerate
Solvent
Chlorobenzene
Dodecane
1,1 -Bis-(terr-butylperoxy)3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane
Benzene
Cumyl peroxide
Benzene
terr-Butylbenzene
Chlorobenzene
Cumene
Dodecane
Diisopropylcarbinol
Neat
Bicyclo[2.2.2]octane1-formyl peroxide
20
a,a'-Bis(tert-butyrperoxy)diisopropyl benzene
Chlorobenzene
Cyclohexane
Isooctane
Toluene
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
Neat
24
TABLE 4.
Number of
C atoms
4
2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-di-(2-ethylhexanoylperoxy) hexane
Benzene
T( 0 C)
^d(S" 1 )
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
Refs.
120
1.93 x 10~5
344
141
164
T (K)
100
115
130
1.93 xlO~ 4
1.93 x l O - 3
1.90 x 1015
5.83 x 10" 6
3.53 x 10 ~5
2.9IxIO-4
344
344
344
8
8
8
85
100
115
115
130
145
158
112
132
154
T (K)
T (K)
138
158
128
138
148
158
138
150
155
160
165
30
6.9xlO~ 6
138
5.05 x l O - 5
2.7IxIO-4
2.05 x 10 ~5
159
1.05 x l O - 4
6.86 x l O - 4
1.72 x 10 ~3
1.93 x IO" 5
1.93 xlO~ 4
1.93 x l O - 3
9.24 x 1015
exp[- 152.61/RT]
4.31 x 1014
exp[- 1443/RT]
2.57 x l O - 4
1.52 x l O - 3
8.75XlO" 5
2.31 x 10- 4
5.37 xlO~ 4
1.83 x l O - 3
3.16 x 10~4
3.98 x 10~3
4.81 x 10- 3
9.63 x l O - 3
1.16 x l O - 2
1.71 x 10 " 4
1.73 x 10 " 3
1.68 x l O - 4
6.2OxIO" 4
6.IxIO-5
5.OxIO- 5
3.66 x 10 " 4
1.9 x l O " 5
147
4.91 x 10 ~5
9.61 x 10- 5
1.93 x 10~5
1.93 x l O - 4
1.93 x l O - 3
7.65 xlO 1 5 exp[- 152.69 kJ/RT]
3.61 x 10~3
4.44 x l O " 3
4.62 x l O - 3
1.9xlO- 5
30
30
30
30
115
125
130
114
134
156
T(K)
155
160
165
68
exp[- 150.61/RT]
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
n
vi
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
337
337
337
337
126,337
126,337
80
344
344
344
344
67
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
371
371
371
371
244
244
244
244
244
244
244
337
337
337
344
344
344
344
371
371
371
338
ACYL PEROXIDES
Initiator
Acetyl peroxide
Solvent
Acetic acid
T( 0 C)
55.2
64.9
75.2
85.2
73.2
kd (s"1)
2.8 x 10~6
9.9xlO~ 6
3.75 x l O - 5
1.3OxIO- 4
2.62 x l O - 5
a (kj/mol)
Notes
126.4
d,e
d,e
d,e
d,e
a
Refs.
106,176
106,176
106,176
106,176
100
Table 4. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
4 (cont'd)
Initiator
Acetyl peroxide
Solvent
Benzene
H-Butanol
seoButanol
tert-Butanol
Chloroform
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexene
Cyclopentene
Cumene
Decane
n-Dodecane
Ethanol
Heptane
Hexadecane
-Hexane
1-Hexene
2-Methyl-l-pentene
rc-Octadecane
n-Octane
Isooctane
1-Pentene
Propionic acid
J( 0 C)
35
55
65
50
70
85
70
60.3
80
55.2
64.9
75.2
85.2
60.3
60.3
60.3
80.3
26
46
65
80
80.3
55.2
64.9
75.2
85.2
60
70
80
90
100
70
80
90
100
80
80
60
80
60.3
80.3
80
80
60
70
80
90
100
80
90
100
60
60
80
60
55.2
64.9
75.2
85.2
70
80
90
64.9
85.2
A^(S"1)
9.5 x 10 ~7
3.14 XlO" 6
1.27 x l O - 5
1.1 x l O " 6
2.39X10" 5
1.73 x l O " 4
2.38 XlO" 5
5.OxIO" 6
8.7xl0-5
2.6 XlO" 6
1.07x10-5
4.65x10-5
1.62 XlO" 4
3.4xlO" 5
3xl0~5
3.1xl0"6
4.9x10-5
1.08 x 10 " 7
4.84 XlO" 7
2.11 x l O " 6
5.5x10-5
~5
2.1 x 10"6
8.3 XlO" 6
3.6OxIO- 5
1.27 XlO" 4
4.5xlO~ 6
1.77x10-5
7.0x10-5
2.28 xlO" 4
7.61X10" 4
1.6OxIO-5
7.0x10-5
2.55 XlO" 4
7.25 xlO" 4
7.6xl0-5
6.85 x l 0 ~ 5
2.3xlO" 6
6.15x10-5
1.01 x 10 " 4
1.4OxIO-3
7.72 x 10 " 5
5.39 x l O " 5
3.4xlO~ 6
2.35 x 10" 5
8.7x10-5
3.05 XlO" 4
9.83 x l O " 4
9.OxIO" 5
3.12 XlO" 4
9.81 x 10 " 4
1.9xlO" 6
2.9xlO" 6
7.34x10-5
2.9xlO~ 6
2.35 x l O " 6
9.4 XlO" 6
4.03x10-5
1.49 XlO" 4
2.45 x 10 " 5
9.4 x 10"5
3.22 XlO" 4
1.4 x l O " 5
1.66 XlO" 4
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
134
a
a
a
a
135.1
c,e
c,e
c,e
c,e
133.9
131.4
c,e
c,e
c,e
c,e
133.5
137.2
129.7
132.6
126.8
134.7
c,e
c,e
c,e
c,e
d,e
Refs.
68
68
68
337
126,337
126,337
16
4
20
106,176
106,176
106,176
106,176
4
4
4
4
68
68
68
20
4
106,176
106,176
106,176
106,176
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
168
70
168
4
4
168
168
70
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
70
70
168
70
106,176
106,176
106,176
106,176
20
20
20
106,176
106,176
Table 4. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
4 (cont'd)
Initiator
Acetyl peroxide
Solvent
n-Tetradecane
Toluene
Vapor (toluene)
Propionyl peroxide
Acetic acid
Acetic anhydride
Benzene
Benzonitrile
Dioxane
n-Hexane
Isooctane
Nitrobenzene
Toluene
Vapor
2-Iodopropionyl peroxide
Perfluoropropionyl peroxide
2,2,3,3-Tetrafluoropropionyl
peroxide
tert-Butyl permaleic acid
Butyryl peroxide
Acetone
Benzene
H-Butyl vinyl ether

Cyclohexene
95%Ethanol
Freon 113
Isooctane
Freon 113
Acetone
Acetic acid
Acetic anhydride
J( 0 C)
60
80
60.3
55.2
64.9
75.2
85.2
73.2
85.5
90
88.0
134.7
150.7
161.7
170.7
184.2
65.0
85.0
65.0
85.0
65.0
85.0
50
70
85
65.0
85.0
65.0
85.0
65.0
85.0
65.0
86.5
65.0
85.0
65.0
85.0
65.0
85.0
99.4
134.4
152.2
176.4
190.9
T (K)
56
62.5
62.5
62.5
62.5
62.5
62.5
20
30
40
T (K)
T(K)
25
35
87
65.0
85.0
65.0
85.0
^d(S1)
2.OxIO" 6
5.9OxIO" 5
5xlO"6
2.7 xlO~ 6
1.14 x l O " 5
4.70xl0~ 5
1.59 xlO~ 4
3.06 XlO" 5
1.72 XlO" 4
7.33 x l O " 5
3.12 x l O " 4
3.1 x 10" 2
1.18XlO"1
2.77XlO" 1
6.10X10" 1
1.76
3.8xlO~ 5
4.3 XlO" 4
3.5 x l O " 5
4.5 x l O " 4
1.88 x KT 5
2.4OxIO" 4
2.72 x l O " 6
4.3OxIO" 5
2.89 XlO" 4
3.9xl0"5
5.IxIO"4
4.5 x 10~5
4.5 x l O " 4
1.50x 10" 5
1.72 x l O " 4
9.8 x l O " 6
1.44 x l O " 4
3.7xl0"5
4.1 x 10 " 4
1.87 x l O " 5
2.54 x l O " 4
1.0 x l O " 5
1.6 xlO~ 4
8 xlO"4
2.6 XlO" 2
1.22XlO- 1
8.OxIO" 1
2.33
2.5 x 10 " 4
2.19 x 10 ~4
(2.40-2.81) x 10 ~4
7.12 XlO" 4
(2.36 0.07) x 10 ~4
2.47 x 10" 4
2.7xlO" 4
4.OxIO" 4
2.19 x 10 " 5
8.5OxIO- 5
3.26 XlO" 4
1.8 x 109
1.5xlO 17
2.26 x 10 " 4
7.17 x 10 " 4
1.9xlO~ 5
4.7 x 10" 5
5.6 x l O " 4
4.3 x 10 " 5
5.5 x l O " 4
Ea (kj/mol)
129.7
133.9
138.1
129.7
123.4
123.0
128.9
129.3
127.6
130.5
116.7
Notes
c,e
c,e
c,e
c,e
a
a
a
c,e
c,e
d,e
c,e
c,e
c,e
a
a
a
d,e
d,e
c,e
c,e
123.8
130.5
120.9
c,e
c,e
c,e
130.1
125.5
125.5
exp[- 125.5/RT]
100.1
s
s
n,s
p
s
s
s
h
exp[- 83.8//?7]
exp[- 121.5/RT}
86.3
108.8
125.1
a
c,e
c,e
c,e
Refs.
70
168
4
106,176
106,176
106,176
106,176
100
100
113
105
105
105
105
105
105
51
51
51
51
51
51
126,337
126,337
126,337
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
85
85
85
85
85
85
77
77
77
77
77
77
77
283
283
283
304
304
283
283
338
51
51
51
51
Table 4. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
8 (cont'd)
Initiator
Butyryl peroxide
Solvent
Benzene
Benzonitrile
Dioxane
Hexane
Isooctane
Toluene
Vapor
Isobutyryl peroxide
Acetonitrile
Benzene
Benzonitrile
tert-Butanol
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
Cyclohexane
Fluorobenzene
Isooctane
Cyclopropane formyl peroxide
Isopropanol
Nitrobenzene
Nujol
Tetralin
Toluene
Vapor
p-Xylene
Diacetyl succinoyl diperoxide
Styrene
Succinoyl peroxide
Acetone
T( 0 C)
65.0
85.0
65.0
85.0
65.0
85.0
65.0
85.0
65.0
85.0
65.0
85.0
65.0
85.0
96.7
127.4
158.9
178.9
T(K)
40
20
30
40
40
40
40
40
40
45
50
55
60
40
23
39
57
T (K)
40
40
40
40
25
35
45
55
T (K)
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
64.5
70.4
77.8
60
73.5
85
70
85
100
â(S1)
2.24 x 10~5
3.02 x l O - 4
4.3 x 10~5
5.8 x l O - 4
4.6xlO~ 5
4.6 x l O - 4
1.14 x 10~5
1.53 x l O - 4
1.11 x 10~5
1.56 x l O " 4
2.14 x l O " 5
2.87 x l O - 4
1.6 x l O " 5
2.OxIO- 4
8.6 x l O " 4
1.5 XlO" 2
3.OxIO" 1
1.27
1.9 xlO~ 4
6.81 x 10 " 4
1.6 x l O " 5
6.75 x l O - 5
2.59 x l O - 4
2.38 XlO" 4
2.4OxIO- 4
4.2xlO~ 4
2.5IxIO" 4
7.8xl0"5
1.58 XlO" 4
3.05 x l O - 4
5.61 x 10~4
7.67 xlO~ 4
1.73 x 10 " 4
1.93 x l O - 5
1.93 x l O - 4
1.93 XlO" 3
3.37 xlO 1 4
7.5 x 10 ~5
4.5 x 10 ~5
4.7OxIO- 5
1.23 x 10 " 4
3.35 x 10 ~6
1.54 XlO" 5
6.14 x l O - 5
2.26 x l O - 4
2.8 x 1014
3.2 x l O " 5
3.05 x 10~4
5.8OxIO- 4
4.63 XlO" 5
1.75 x 10 ~4
1.43 x 10 ~4
-1 x 10 ~5
1.4OxIO- 4
4.4xlO" 6
9.3 x 10 ~6
2.31 x 10- 5
5.2xlO~~6
2.3 x l O - 5
9.3 x 10- 5
2.8OxIO- 5
1.21 x 10- 4
4.36 x l O - 4
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
131.4
d,e
c,e
d,e
131.4
116.3
131.4
133.5
130.5
c,e
c,e
c,e
c,e
c,e
c,e
d,e
c,e
123.8
123.8
exp[-123.8//?7]
109
1113
a
a
a
In3
exp[- 109.06//?7]
114.2
exp[- 1H2/RT]
125.5
99.6
a
a
a
Refs.
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
51
85
85
85
85
85
167
337
337
337
167
148,244
148
148
148
148
148
148
148
148
344
344
344
344
148
148
167
148
84
84
84
84
84
148
148
148
167
148
148
167
148
34
34
34
215
215
215
126,337
126,337
126,337
Table 4. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
9
10
11
Initiator
Acetyl benzoyl peroxide
T( 0 C)
Chlorobenzene
70
96
96
75
75
75
41
41
65
70
75
14
25
44.5
56.5
44.5
60
73.5
85
50
60
70
5-Bromo-2-thenoyl peroxide
4-Bromo-2-thenoyl peroxide
5-Chloro-2-thenoyl peroxide
a-Chloropropionyl m-chlorobenzoylperoxide
Cyclobutane formyl peroxide
Acetonitrile
Cyclohexane
Cyclopropane acetyl peroxide
Diacetyladipoyl diperoxide
Styrene
Difuroyl peroxide
styrene
2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-Octafluoropentanoyl
peroxide
Freon 113
Perfluoro-2-(2-ethoxysulfinic
acid) propionyl peroxide
Pivaloyl peroxide
2-Thenoyl peroxide
3-Thenoyl peroxide
Benzoyl isobutyryl peroxide
m-Chlorobenzoyl isobutyryl peroxide
12
Solvent
Freon 113
Acetonitrile
Cyclohexane
Acetonitrile
Cyclohexane
p-Chlorobenzoyl isobutyryl peroxide
Cyclohexane
p-Fluorobenzoyl isobutyryl peroxide
Cyclohexane
5-Methyl-bis-2-thenoyl peroxide
p-Nitrobenzoyl isobutyryl peroxide
Cyclohexane
P-Allyloxypropionyl peroxide
Toluene
p-Xylene
m-Chlorobenzoyl 2-methylbutanoyl peroxide
Acetic acid
Acetonitrile
kd (s"1)
2xl0~5
5.12 x l O " 4
4.08 XlO" 4
1.53 x 10 " 5
1.14 x 10 ~5
1.58 x 10 ~5
3.05 x 10 ~5
1.51xl0~ 5
5.15 x 10 " 5
8.95,6.63 x l O " 5
1.41 x 10" 4
9.45 x 10 ~5
9.75,10.57 x 10" 4
5.01 x 10 " 5
2.64 XlO" 4
6.5-8.OxIO" 4
6.6xlO" 6
4.73 XlO" 5
1.84 x l O " 4
7.0xl0"7
2.9 xlO~ 6
1.03 XlO" 5
20
30
40
T(K)
3.29 x 10 " 5
1.27 XlO" 4
5.01 x 10 " 4
2.8xlO 1 4
10
75
75
41
41
70
40
50
60
70
41
40
50
41
50
55
60
65
55
60
65
70
75
40
45
50
55
60
70
80
90
70
80
90
40
40
1.9xlO~ 4
2.21 x 10 ~~5
2.14 x 10 " 5
4.06 x 10 " 4
1.63 x l O " 5
3.05 xlO~ 4
1.45 x l O - 5
5.398 XlO" 5
1.924 x l O " 4
6.872 x l O " 4
1.03 x 10 ~3
3.486 x 10 " 5
1.362 x l O " 4
4.4OxIO- 5
1.029 x 10 ~4
1.651 x 10- 4
3.21 x 10- 4
5.638 x l O - 4
1.117 x 10 " 4
2.038 XlO" 4
4.893 x l O - 4
9.603 x l O " 4
2.92 x 10 " 5
8.1xl0"5
1.336 x l O " 4
2.889 x l O - 4
4.725 X l O ' 4
8.921 x 10 ~4
2.0IxIO" 5
8.62 x l O " 5
2.53 x l O " 4
2.32 x l O " 5
8.88 x l O " 5
2.95 x l O " 4
1.60 x 10 ~3
1.72 x 10 " 3
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
z(25),vi3
z(19),vi3
a,mi
a,mi
a,mi
ni3
ni3
101.7
n
125.7
100.6
exp[-95.1//?7]
a,mi
a,mi
112.5
h,j
j
j
j
111.3
h,j
j
j
a
a
a
a
a
a
Refs.
155
284
284
232
232
232
167
167
34
34
34
34
34
24
24
24
215
215
215
287
287
287
283
283
283
304
244
232
232
167
167
167
164
164
164
164
167
164
164
167
164
164
164
164
164
164
164
164
232
164
164
164
164
164
191
191
191
191
191
191
256
256
Table 4. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
12 (cont'd)
14
Initiator
m-Chlorobenzoyl 2-methylbutanoyl peroxide
Solvent
Cyclobutane acetyl peroxide
2-Butanol
Cyclohexane
Cyclopentane formyl peroxide
Hexanoyl peroxide
5-Hexenoyl peroxide
Toluene
Toluene
4-Methoxybenzoyl isobutyrylperoxide
Cyclohexane
4-Methylbenzoyl isobutyrylperoxide
Cyclohexane
4-Methyl-2-thenoyl peroxide
5-Methyl-2-thenoyl peroxide
Perfluoro-2-furnanacetyl peroxide
Perfluoro-2-propoxypropionylperoxide
Perfluoro-2-n-propoxypropionylperoxide
Freon 113
Freon 113
perF-ether mix.
Freon 113
Perfluoro-2-iso-propoxypropionylperoxide
Freon 113
2-Azidobenzoyl peroxide
Benzene
Benzoyl peroxide
Acetic acid
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Acetophenone
Allyl alcohol
Anisole
Benzaldehyde
Benzene
T( 0 C)
40
40
40
65
70
75
40
45
50
55
77
60.1
70.4
76.4
85.0
55
60
65
70
40
50
60
70
75
75
T (K)
T(K)
T (K)
20
30
40
20
30
40
50
80
75
50
70
85
100
70
70
80
94.5
80
30
80
90
25
30
55
60
60
80
70
78
78
79.8
80
66
72.5
78
70
kd (s"1)
9.0xl0~4
1.32 x 10 ~4
6.OxIO" 5
1.37 x 10 ~5
2.13,3.08 x 10- 5
3.83 x l O - 5
1.50 x 10 ~5
2.55 XlO" 5
4.96 XlO" 5
8.17,7.85 x 10" 5
1.186 x 10 ~4
1.06 x 10 " 5
4.15 XlO" 5
8.59 x l O " 5
2.668 x l O - 4
5.465 x 10 ~5
1.024 x l O " 4
1.876 XlO" 4
3.208 XlO" 4
9.6IxIO" 6
3.619 x l 0 ~ 5
1.305 XlO" 4
4.772 x l O " 4
2.92 x 10 " 5
4.21 x 10 ~5
1.2 x 1011
4.4xlO 1 4
8.9 x 1016
4.81 x 10 ~5
1.96 x 10 ~4
7.16 XlO" 4
8.32 x 10 ~5
3.43 x 10 ~4
1.34 x l 0 ~ 3
2.5 x 10~5
9.4 XlO" 4
7.53 x 10 " 5
2.25 x 10 ~6
2.63X10- 5
1.34 xlO~ 4
5.83 xlO~ 4
1.76 x 10 ~5
1.15 x 10~5
4.32xlO- 5
2.30xl0~ 4
3.80 x 10 ~4
1.42 x 10 ~7
5.50xl0~ 5
1.71 x 10- 4
6.4xlO~ 5
4.80 xlO~ 8
1.14 xlO~ 6
2.76 xlO~ 6
2.0xl0~6
2.5xlO-5
1.38x10-5
2.3OxIO- 5
1.67x10-5
3.48x10-5
4.8x10-5
7.72 x 10 ~6
1.87x10-5
3.77x10-5
1.17x10-5
Ea (kj/mol)
129.3
Notes
c
c
c
c
j
j
j
j
a,mi
^m1
exp[- 11A/RT]
exp[- 9Z.5/RT]
exp[-110.2/RT]
100.1
102.7
111.3
126.4
116.3
124.3
129.7
133.9
d2
d2
a,r
a
a
a
a
tj
a
a
a
a,r
a
a,r
a,r
p2
a
a,r
a,r
m2
m2
a
c
X9
a
a
a
a
Refs.
256
256
256
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
209
209
209
209
209
164
164
164
164
164
164
164
164
232
232
304
304
304
283
283
283
283
283
283
161
161
74
126
126
126
126
124
5
5
5
74
109
74
74
279
109
74
74
14
14
213
230
230
170
20
131
131
131
73
Table 4. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
14 (cont'd)
Initiator
Benzoyl peroxide
Solvent
Benzene
Benzyl alcohol
Bromobenzene
Butanol
Butanone
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
Cumene
Cyclohexane
Decane
Decalin
Dioxane
J( 0 C)
75
80
80
50.8
54.9
60.9
65.6
71.0
75.8
70
85
100
70
70
75
75
85
85
100
100
79
80
80
80.2
80
80
117
127
137
147
75
79
70
80
80.2
80.2
80.2
80.2
71
91
113
T (K)
30
80
85
90
30
45
60
80
T (K)
100
80
80
80
70
80
80
80
kd (s"1)
2.62 x 10 " 5
4.39 XlO" 5
3.27 XlO" 5
4.28 XlO" 7
8.53 x l O - 7
1.66 x l O - 6
3.22 XlO" 6
5.94 x l O - 6
1.19 XlO" 5
1.27 XlO" 5
8.94 x l O - 5
4.96 x l O - 4
1.03 x l O - 5
1.18 XlO" 5
1.48 x l O - 5
1.66 x l O - 5
4.7 x l O - 5
5.5 XlO" 5
2.28 x l O - 4
2.56 x l O " 4
2.58 x l O - 5
3.35 x l O " 5
4.44 x 10 " 4
8.15 x l O " 5
2.19 x l O " 5
3.84 x l O - 5
3.55 x l 0 ~ 5
4.34 x l O - 5
6.06 x 10 " 4
4.64 x 10 " 5
2.78 x 10 ~3
7.44 X l O " 3
1.72 x l O - 2
3.89 X l O " 2
1.07 x 10 " 5
1.69 X l O " 5
1.35 x 10 ~5
4.64 x l O - 5
2.85 x l O " 5
2.36 x l O - 5
3.52 x l 0 ~ 5
2.62 X l O " 5
1.93 x l O - 5
1.93 x l O " 4
1.93 XlO" 3
6.94 x l O 1 3
5.47 x 10 ~8
3.69 x 10 ~5
6.39 XlO" 5
1.19 x l O - 4
7.3OxIO- 8
1.85 x l O 7
1.45 x l O - 6
1.70 XlO" 5
1.20 x 10 13
2.5 XlO" 4
7.72 x 10 ~5
2.53 x 10 " 5
2.26 x 10 " 4
1.30 x 10 " 5
6.72 x l O - 4
4.2OxIO- 4
4.18 x l 0 ~ 5
Ea (kj/mol)
123.8
130
128.0
124.3
Notes
a
a
a,b 2
a,t2
a,t2
a,t2
a,t2
a,t2
a,t2
a
a
a
a,m2
t2
m3
m3
m3
a,t6
a
a,r
t9
Hi1
m3
m5
120.1
a,r
a,r
yi6
a,r
t 6 ,a
I1
a,r
t9
Cm 1
c,m 3
exp[- 12235/RT]
a
a,r
a,r
a,r
a
120.5
exp[- 120.5/RT]
a,t7
a,r
a,r
ti
a,r
a,r
a,m!
Refs.
73
73
347
69
69
69
69
69
69
337
126,337
126,337
16
124
12
12
12
12
12
12
120
7
74
231
231
231
231
231
74
74
236
236
236
236
74
121
124
74
231
231
231
231
344
344
344
344
109
74
74
74
109
67
67
67
67
122
74
270
74
74
74
6
232
Table 4. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
14 (cont'd)
Initiator
Benzoyl peroxide
Solvent
Ethanol
Ethylbenzene
90% Formic acid

H-Heptane
Hexadecane
Hexane
Isooctane
Isopropylbenzene
Methyl acetate
Methylcyclohexane
4-Methyl-2pentanone
a-Methylstyrene
Mineral oil
Neat
Nitrobenzene
PEG 400
90% aq. PEG 400
80% aq. PEG 400
70% aq. PEG 400
rt-Pentanol
Phenol
Propionic acid
Propylene glycol
Styrene
T( 0 C)
25
40
50
30
75
80
85
90
80
80
80
80
130
135
140
145
145
145
145
150
155
160
80
80
80
80
80
49.2
53.9
80
80
70
80
105
80
30
25
40
50
70
25
40
50
70
25
40
50
70
25
40
50
70
80
80
80
25
40
50
34.8
49.4
61.0
74.8
100.0
^d(S1)
3.02 x l O ~ 8
2.77 x l O " 7
4.72 x l O - 7
3.61 x 10 " 8
1.8IxIO- 5
3.33 XlO" 5
5.56 XlO" 5
1.01 x 10- 4
3.15 x l 0 ~ 5
6.94 x 10 " 4
3.11 x 10 ~5
2.7IxIO-5
5.73 XlO" 3
1.02 x l O " 2
1.54 x l O - 2
2.25 XlO" 2
2.22xlO-2
2.21 x 10~2
2.12 x l O - 2
3.47 x l O " 2
5.21 x 10- 2
7.87 x l O - 2
2.51 x 10 " 5
2.85 x 10 ~5
2.79 x 10 ~5
2.7OxIO" 5
3.34 x 10~5
6.28 x 10 ~7
1.0 XlO" 6
5.25 x 10 ~5
4.28 x 10 ~5
3.02 x 10 " 5
2.89 x 10~5
7.22 x 10 ~3
4.58 x 10 ~5
6.6IxIO-8
5.0IxIO-7
5.73 x l O - 6
1.15 x l 0 ~ 5
1.15 XlO" 4
3.65 x 10~7
5.35 x l O " 6
1.15 x l O - 5
1.15 x l O " 4
2.77 x 10 ~7
3.09 x l O " 6
7.29 x l O - 6
1.15 x l O - 4
1.71 x 10 ~7
2.1IxIO-6
5.01 x 10- 6
1.15 x l O " 4
1.48 x 10 ~4
6.25 x 10 " 4
3.19 x 10~5
3.25 x 10 ~8
1.51 x l O ~ 7
3.16 x l O - 7
3.89 x 10 ~8
5.28 XlO" 7
2.58 x l O - 6
1.83 x l 0 ~ 5
4.58 x l O " 4
a (kj/mol)
Notes
a
a
a
a
a,r
a,r
a,r
a,r
c
a,r
a,r
z (1500)
z (1500)
z (1500)
z (500)
z (1000)
z (1500)
z (2000)
z (1500)
z (1500)
z (1500)
123.8
117.6
m2
c
a,t2
a,t2
a,r
a,r
a
m2
a
a,r
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a,r
a,r
a,r
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
Refs.
351
351
351
109
74
74
74
74
239
74
74
270
377
377
377
377
377
377
377
377
377
377
270
270
270
308
229
69
69
74
74
213
308
371
74
109
351
351
351
351
351
351
351
351
351
351
351
352
351
351
351
351
74
74
74
351
351
351
10
10
10
10
10
Table 4. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
14 (cont'd)
Initiator
Benzoyl peroxide
Solvent
Poly(styrene)
Tetradecane
Tetralin
Toluene
Poly(vinylchloride)
Styrene
3-Bromobenzoyl peroxide
4-Bromobenzoyl peroxide
4-terr-Butylbenzoyl peroxide
2-Chlorobenzoyl peroxide
p-Xylene
Benzene
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Acetophenone
Benzene
Acetophenone
Dioxane
Acetophenone
Benzene
Dioxane
Styrene
Cyclohexane formyl peroxide
Benzene
Cyclopentane acetyl peroxide
Diacetylsebacoyl diperoxide
T( 0 C)
56.4
64.6
76.7
83.4
98.5
70.9
80.1
89.5
80
80
30
49.0
55.1
60.2
65.1
70.3
60.00
64.6
76.7
83.4
98.5
50
60
70
80
60
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
50
85
100
80
34.8
49.4
61.0
74.8
100.0
30
35
40
45
50
35
45
50
60
35
40
45
65
70
75
60
73.5
85
^d(S"1)
3.8 x 10~7
1.47 x l O - 6
9.27 x l O " 6
2.5OxIO- 5
1.41 x l O " 4
2.86 x l O - 6
1.11 x l O - 5
3.33 x l O - 5
2.64 x 10 ~5
3.72 x 10 " 5
4.94 x l O " 8
6.OxIO- 7
1.31 x 10- 6
2.83 x l O - 6
5.69 x l O - 6
1.10 x l O - 5
2.24 x l O " 6
6.3xlO" 7
5.11 XlO" 6
1.44 x l O - 5
9.33 x l O " 5
7 x IO" 7
7.7 x l O - 6
9.9 x l O " 6
3.1OxIO- 5
1.1 x 10 " 6
1.22 x l O - 5
2.6OxIO- 5
2.57 x 10 ~5
3.23 x 10 ~5
6.06 x 10 ~5
3.88 x 10 " 4
3.12 x 10 " 4
2.85 x 10 ~5
2.63 x 10 ~5
3.83 x 10 " 5
2.17 x 10 ~5
6.2 x l O " 7
6.64 x l O - 5
3.86 x l O - 4
3.62 x 10 " 5
8.3xl0-8
8.3 x l O " 7
3.33 x l O - 6
2.22 x l O - 5
4.17 x l O - 4
9.64 x 10 ~5
1.46 x l O " 4
3.1OxIO- 4
5.11xlO" 4
7.77 x l O - 4
6.6xlO~~5
2.1IxIO-4
4.45 xlO~ 4
1.3OxlO" 3
2.87 x l O - 5
5.22,5.29 x 10 " 5
9.67 x l O - 5
1.48 x 10" 5
3.2OxIO" 5
4.97 x l O - 5
1.04 x 10 ~5
5.20xl0~5
2.3OxIO- 4
E a (kj/mol)
120.5
123.8
Notes
Refs.
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
17
17
17
17
17
15
15
15
270
74
109
69
69
69
69
69
291
17
17
17
17
287
287
287
229
116
116
7
6,232
6,232
232
5
7
5
6
5
7
126
126
126
6
10
10
10
10
10
219
219
219
219
219
148
148
148
148
34
34
34
34
34
34
215
215
215
a,r
a
a,t2
a,t2
a,t2
a,t2
a,t2
e,m3
a
a
a
a
125.7
123.0
128.4
127.2
128.9
84.5
a
a,mi
a,mi
a,m
a
a
a
a,mi
a
a
a
a
a
^m1
a
a
a
a
a
a,h
Xi
X1
xi
Table 4. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
14 (cont'd)
Initiator
2,4-Dichlorobenzoyl peroxide
Solvent
Benzene
Styrene
2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7-Dodecafluoroheptanoyl peroxide
Heptanoyl peroxide
6-Heptenoyl peroxide
2-Iodobenzoyl peroxide
2-Iodobenzoyl 4-nitrobenzoyl
peroxide
3-Methylbenzoyl peroxide
2-Nitrobenzoyl peroxide
Freon 113
Toluene
Toluene
Chloroform
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Benzene
Chloroform
Nitrobenzene
Dioxane
Dioxane
Acetophenone
Methyl iodide
15
16
3,5-Dinitrobenzoyl peroxide
Perfluoroheptanoyl peroxide
Acetophenone
Acetophenone
Acetophenone
Freon 113
Benzoyl phenylacetyl peroxide
Benzene
4-terf-Butylbenzoyl isobutyryl
peroxide
Cyclohexane
3-Cyanobenzoyl benzoyl peroxide

3-Methoxybenzoyl benzoyl peroxide
4-Methoxybenzoyl benzoyl peroxide
4-Methoxybenzoyl 3-bromobenzoyl
peroxide
4-Methoxybenzoyl-3,5-dinitrobenzoyl peroxide
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Benzene
Nitrobenzene
J( 0 C)
70
70
50
70
85
34.8
49.4
61.0
74.8
100.0
30
40
77
70
70
77
85
22
25
25
25
25
25
25
80
80
59.3
80
24.95
45.05
80
80
80
20
30
40
20
25
25
25
30
35
55
60
65
70
80
80
80
80
^d(S" 1 )
9.7OxIO" 5
1.24 xlO~ 4
1.08 xlO~ 5
1.37 xlO~ 4
7.69 XlO" 4
3.88 x 10 " 6
2.39 x l 0 ~ 5
7.78 xlO~ 5
2.78 xlO~ 4
4.17 x l 0 ~ 3
1.14 x 10~4
4.06 x 10 ~4
1.24 x 10 ~4
5.33 x 10 ~5
5.01 x 10 ~5
1.07 xlO~ 4
2.88 xlO~ 4
1.86 x 10 ~3
3.0xl0~4
2.1x 10 ~4
5.7xl0~5
3.4xl0~5
2.8xlO~ 4
6.2xlO~ 4
4.38 x 10 ~5
6.11 x 10 ~5
5.80xl0~ 5
1.34 x l 0 ~ 3
1.78 xlO~ 5
1.50xl0~ 4
3.80xl0"5
4.33 x 10 " 5
1.87 x l 0 ~ 5
3.01 x 10 ~5
1.11 xlO~ 4
4.20xl0~4
1.10 x 10~4
2.05 xlO~ 4
3.15 xlO~ 4
6.38 xlO~ 4
3.88 xlO~ 4
6.67 xlO~ 4
6.543 x 10 ~5
1.171 x 10~4
2.663 xlO~ 4
5.016 xlO~ 4
2.73 x 10 ~2
4.82 x 10 ~2
7.57 x 10 ~5
4.43 x 10 ~2
a (kj/mol)
117.6
100.6
Notes
a,j
a,k
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
h
a
a,k
a,j
a,j
a,k
119.7
81.2
126.4
126.8
130.5
98.0
a,mi
a,mi
a
a
h
a
a
a
90.8
vi
n
ti 0
tio
t 10
tio
a,m\
a,mi
a,mi
a,mi
Refs.
16
16
126,337
126,337
126,337
10
10
10
10
10
283
283
19
19
19
19
19
82
78
78
78
78
78
78
232
232
5
5
82
82
5
5
5
283
283
283
222
222
222
222
222
222
164
164
164
164
6
6
6
6
51
51
51
1.02 x 10 ~5
9.61 x 10 ~4
1.67 XlO" 3
t5
108
108
108
a
a
89
89
a
a
a
95
116
116
126
126
126
4-Methoxybenzoyl 4-nitrobenzoyl
peroxide
Benzene
70
70
2.08 x 10 ~5
8.03 x l 0 ~ 5
3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzoyl
peroxide
Benzene
Caprylyl peroxide
Benzene
60
60
80
50
70
85
9.5 x 10 ~7
6.1 xlO~ 7
9.4 x 10 ~6
3.44 x 10 ~6
5.78 x l 0 ~ 5
3.78 xlO~ 4
128.9
Table 4. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
16 (cont'd)
Initiator
Solvent
Caprylyl peroxide
/7-(Chloromethyl)benzoyl peroxide
Mineral oil
Acetone
3-Cyanobenzoyl peroxide
4-Cyanobenzoyl peroxide
Cycloheptane formyl peroxide
THF
Toluene
Dioxane
Acetophenone
Dioxane
Cyclohexane acetyl peroxide
2-Ethyl-4-methyl-2-pentenoyl
peroxide
2-Ethylhexanoyl peroxide
2-Ethyl-2-hexenoyl peroxide
2-Iodophenylacetyl peroxide
2-Methoxybenzoyl peroxide
Endo-norbornane-2-carbonylperoxide
Mineral oil
Mineral oil
Mineral oil
Acetone
Chloroform
Toluene
Acetophenone
Acetophenone
Dioxane
Acetophenone
Dioxane
Acetophenone
Acetophenone
Dioxane
Acetophenone
Dioxane
Exo-norbornane-2-carbonylperoxide
Endo-norbornene-5-carbonylperoxide
Exo-norbornene-5-carbonylperoxide
Dioctanoyl peroxide
w-Heptane
T( 0 C)
T (K)
70
70
70
70
80
80
80
35
40
45
65
70
75
54.4
64.3
71.8
T(K)
T(K)
T (K)
0
0
0
50
80
80
80
80
80
70
80
80
80
80
A^(S"1)
Ea (kj/mol)
9.8 x 1015
2.07 x 10 ~5
1.82 x l O " 5
1.15 XlO" 5
8.8xl0"6
1.70 x 10 ~2
2.43 x 10 ~5
2.03 x 10 " 5
7.85 x 10 ~5
1.63,1.34XlO"5
2.02 XlO" 4
1.27 x 10 " 5
2.76 XlO" 5
3.61 x 10 " 5
3.1 x 10 " 6
1.19 x l O " 5
2.95 XlO" 5
exp[- UOA/RT]
7.IxIO16
1.2xlO 14
1.6 x 1016
2.6OxIO" 5
3.98 x 10 ~5
1.3xlO" 5
6.0xl0"5
2.15 XlO" 3
6.42 x 10 " 5
5.75 x 10 ~5
1.56 x 10 " 4
1.18 x 10 ~A
9.02 x 10 " 5
4.7OxIO" 5
4.4OxIO" 5
5.92 x 10 " 5
6.13 x 10~5
exp[-138.4//?7]
exp[- 106A/RT]
exp[-136.3//?7]
Notes
m7
a,mi
a
a,mi
113.8
120.9
120.1
126.4
126.4
125.1
Refs.
1
307
307
307
307
6
5
6
34
34
34
34
34
34
24
24
24
c,e,q
q
a
a
a
a,mi
a
a,mi
a
a
a,mi
a
a,mi
1
1
1
79
79
79
5
5
5
6
5
6
5
5
6
5
6
44.5
53.9
65.9
6.IxIO"6
2.83 XlO" 5
1.25 XlO" 4
j
j
j
23
23
23
44.5
53.9
65.9
44.5
53.9
65.9
44.5
53.9
65.9
44.5
53.9
65.9
445
53.9
65.9
44.5
53.9
65.9
44.5
53.9
65.9
70
80
80
9.1 x 10" 6
4.33 x l O " 5
1.28 x l O " 4
4.68 x 10 " 5
2.05 x 10 " 4
8.18 xlO~ 4
7.2 XlO" 5
1.6OxIO"4
8.48 XlO" 4
6.30xl0~ 5
1.2IxIO" 4
7.18 x l O " 4
2.22 x l O " 5
4.52 XlO" 5
2.37 x l O " 4
6.58 x 10 " 5
1.2IxIO- 4
8.42 XlO" 4
2.58 xlO~ 5
1.2OxIO"4
7.1OxIO- 4
1.70xl0" 5
7.0IxIO-5
6.8OxIO- 5
j,m 2
j , m2
j,m 2
j
j
j
j , m2
j,m 2
j , m2
j
j
j
j,m 2
j,m 2
j,m 2
j
j
j
j,m 2
j,m 2
j,m 2
z (1500)
z (500)
z (1000)
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
377
377
377
Table 4.
Number of
C atoms
16 (cont'd)
18
cont'd
Initiator
Solvent
T( 0 C)
^d(S1)
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
Refs.
80
80
80
90
95
100
63
80
100
T (K)
20
20
20
20
0
0
18
80
80
80
6.27 x 10~5
6.01 x l 0 ~ 5
5.77xlO-5
2.13 x l O ~ 4
3.8OxIO- 4
6.79 x l O ~ 4
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 x l O - 4
1.93 x l O - 3
2.30 x 10 15
1.02 x 10 ~3
4.76 x 10 ~4
1.86 x 10 ~4
1.6OxIO- 4
7.8xl0~5
2.5OxIO- 5
3.34 XlO" 4
1.42 x 10 ~4
1.4 x l O ~ 4
2.3 x 10 ~4
Acetonitrile
2-Butanol
Cyclohexane
40
40
40
40
5.9xl0~3
4.4xlO~ 3
6.7 x 10 ~4
4.4xlO~ 4
256
256
256
256
5-terf-Butylthenoyl peroxide
Cinnamoyl peroxide
Acetonitrile
2-Butanol
Cyclohexane
Styrene
Dibenzoyl succinoyl diperoxide
Unknown
Nonanoyl peroxide
Isononanoyl peroxide (3,5,5trimethylhexanoyl peroxide)
Mineral oil
40
40
40
40
75
50
70
70
75
85
T(K)
4.2xlO~ 3
2.8 x 10 ~3
6.5 x 10 ~4
3.9xlO~ 4
4.03 x 10 ~5
1.2OxIO- 5
1.67 x l O - 4
7.7 x 10 ~6
1.42 x l O - 5
5.4 x l O - 5
8.4xlO 1 4
256
256
256
256
232
316
316
214
214
214
1
50
70
85
60
59
77
96
T (K)
60
70
80
80
80
80
80
80
90
100
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
T (K)
6.IxIO-6
8.02 x l 0 ~ 5
5.3OxIO- 4
1.9 x l O - 5
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 XlO" 4
1.93 x l O - 3
2.84 x 1015
5.28 x 10 ~6
2.06 x l 0 ~ 5
9.53 x l O - 5
9.1OxIO- 5
8.62 x l O - 5
8.24 x l O - 5
7.86 x l O - 5
7.46 x l O - 5
2.52 x l O - 4
8.8IxIO-4
6.98 x l O - 3
1.27xl0- 2
2.15 XlO" 2
2.6OxIO- 2
5.7IxIO- 2
8.62xl0-2
1.17XlO- 1
1.6 x 1015
Dioctanoyl peroxide
^-Heptane
Dioctanoyl peroxydicarbonate
Chlorobenzene
Phenylacetyl peroxide
Acetonitrile
Benzene
Cyclohexane
Styrene
Toluene
Triptoyl peroxide
Benzene
Apocamphoyl peroxide
ds-5-rm-Butylcyclohexylformylm-chlorobenzoyl peroxide
Benzene
fra5-4-^rf-Butylcyclohexylformylm-chlorobenzoyl peroxide
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
n-Heptane
2-Nonenoyl peroxide
Mineral oil
z
z
z
z
z
z
(1500)
(2000)
(2500)
(1500)
(1500)
(1500)
exp[- 129.05/RT]
96.2
f,u2
f,uj
a,mi
125.5
X1
xi
xi
exp[-121A/RT]
126
a
a
a
a
exp[- 128.34/^7]
z (1500)
z (1500)
z(l)
z (500)
z (1000)
z (1500)
z (2000)
z (2500)
z (1500)
z (1500)
z (1500)
z (1500)
z (1500)
z (1500)
z (1500)
z (1500)
z (1500)
exp[-128.8//?7]
377
377
377
377
377
377
344
344
344
344
167
167
167
167
316
59
59
102
244
102
337
337
337
338
344
344
344
344
377
377
377
377
377
377
377
377
377
377
377
377
377
377
377
377
377
1
Table 4. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
Initiator
18 (cont'd)
3-Nonenoyl peroxide
2-Phenylpropionyl peroxide
19
Dibenzoyl itaconyl diperoxide
Solvent
Mineral oil
Cyclohexane
On silica
Styrene
Unknown
J(0C)
T (K)
55.8
49.4
70
70
75
85
Dibenzoyl a-methylsuccinoyldiperoxide
Unknown
70
75
85
20
Decanoyl peroxide
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
Dioctanoyl a-bromosuccinoyldiperoxide
Mineral oil
Unknown
60
70
85
63
80
100
T (K)
T(K)
70
75
85
Dioctanoyl a-chlorosuccinoyldiperoxide
Unknown
70
75
85
21
Dioctanoyl a-chlorosuccinoyldiperoxide
4-Ethyl-2-octenoyl peroxide
Dioctanoyl itaconoyl diperoxide
Chlorobenzene
70
Chlorobenzene
THF
Chlorobenzene
70
70
70
1.18 x 10 " 4
6.2xl0"5
1.54 x 10 " 5
Chlorobenzene
35
70
35
50
55
65
T(K)
55
9.42 x 10 " 5
3.02 x 10" 3
9.77 x 10" 4
7.92 x l O " 5
1.45 x l O " 4
4.13 x l O " 4
1.07 x l O 1 2
1.38 x l O " 4
85
T (K)
70
85
Unknown
70
75
85
22
Benzoyl 2-[mms-2-(3-nitrophenyl)vinyljbenzoyl peroxide

Benzoyl 2- [frans-2-(4-nitrophenyI)vinyl]benzoyl peroxide
Benzoyl 2-[fras-2-(4-nitrophenyI)vinyl]-4-nitrobenzoyl peroxide
Benzoyl 2-[frans-2-(phenyl)vinyl]benzoyl peroxide
4-Benzylidenebutyryl peroxide
3.7 x 10 14
6.8xlO~ 6
7.5 x 10 " 5
5.5 x 10" 5
5.63 x 10~ 4
1.87 XlO" 5
8.63xlO- 4
3.62 xl0~ 5
1.69 X l O " 3
1.00 X l O - 4
2.74 x 10 " 4
1.26 x l O " 5
4.26 X l O " 4
2.40xl0~5
9.6OxIO"4
8.7 x l O " 5
1.53 x 10~5
5.67 XlO" 5
3.8OxIO- 4
1.93 x 10 " 5
1.93 x l O - 4
1.93 x l 0 ~ 3
3.64 x 10 15
2.7xl015
1.52 x 10 ~~4
1.82 x l O " 5
2.74 XlO" 4
3.83 xlO- 5
6.97 x l O " 4
1.15 X l O " 4
2.02 x 10 ~A
2.42 x l O " 5
3.23 x l O " 4
4.83 xlO~ 5
8.5OxIO-4
1.58 x 10~ 4
8.2 x 10 1 4
3.23 x 10 ~4
2.8OxIO-5
5.47 x l O " 4
5.6OxIO"5
1.28 x l O " 3
1.92 X l O " 4
5.48 x 10 ~4
5.88 x l 0 ~ 5
9.58 x l O " 4
1.06 x l O " 4
2.61xl0"3
3.84 x l O " 4
1.87 x 10~4
Unknown
Mineral oil
Unknown
75
Dioctanoyl a-methyl succinoyldiperoxide
* d (s" 1 )
Methanol
Acetophenone
E31 (kj/mol)
Notes
exp[- 10S.0/RT]
83.7
115.1
82.8
116.3
127.2
exp[- 130.48//?7]
exp[- 131.9/K7]
96.2
126.4
95.4
126.4
X2
X2
X2
X2
X2
X2
X2
X2
X2
X2
X2
x2
a
a
a
X2
X2
X2
X2
x2
X2
X2
X2
X2
X2
X2
X2
e x p [ - 121A/RT]
92.9
127.6
96.2
131.0
84.5
1
258
258
316
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
126,337
126,337
126,337
344
344
344
344
1
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
X2
X2
X2
X2
X2
X2
X2
x2
X2
x2
x2
x2
t9
214
1
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
175
t9
t9
t9
175
175
175
h,t 9
t9
t9
175
175
175
133
133
133
133
133
99.6
exp[-99.6//?7]
98.7
Refs.
m2
Table 4. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
22 (cont'd)
Initiator
4-Benzylidenebutyryl peroxide
Solvent
Acetophenone
Benzene
Nitrobenzene
Propylene carbonate
4-ter/-Butylbenzoyl peroxide
cis-4-tert-Butylcyclohexane formylperoxide
Toluene
Dioxane
Butane
frarcs-4-te7t-Butylcyclohexane formylperoxide
fras-4-(4-Chlorobenzylidene)butyryl peroxide
Benzene
Propylene carbonate
frarcs-4-(4-Fluorobenzylidene)butyryl peroxide
Benzene
Propylene carbonate
1-Naphthoyl peroxide
Benzene
4-Nitrobenzoyl-2-[rra5-2-(4-nitrophenyl)vinyl] benzoyl peroxide

2-Phenylisovaleryl peroxide
Chlorobenzene
5-Phenylpenta-2,4-dienoyl-peroxide
5-Phenylpentanoyl peroxide
Acetonitrile
Cyclohexane
On silica
Styrene
Acetophenone
Benzene
Propylene carbonate
24
Dibenzoyl 2-bromosebacoyldiperoxide
Unknown
J( 0 C)
65
T(K)
50
60
70
60
70
T(K)
60
40
50
T (K)
50
40
50
60
70
80
40
40
40.0
45.45
50.7
40.0
44.7
48.9
50
60
70
40
50
60
50
60
70
40
50
60
54.6
59.9
64.5
70
55.0
55.0
50
70
77
77
70
77
85
T(K)
60
60
70
75
85
Dioctanoyl 2-bromosebacoyldiperoxide
Unknown
70
75
A^(S"1)
4.02 x 10 " 4
7.14xlOn
2.40xl0~ 5
6.8OxIO- 5
1.845 x l O - 4
3.47 x 10~5
1.06 XlO" 4
1.42xlO 13
3.38 x 10~4
7.36 x 10~5
2.13 XlO- 4
5.93 x 1010
2.08 XlO" 4
7.23 x l O - 5
2.093 x l O " 4
5.117 x l O - 4
1.64 x 10~4
6.08 x 10 ~2
1.25 x 10 ~5
1.69 x l O " 5
(8.65 0.35) x 10 ~5
(1.32 0.04) x 10- 4
(2.35 0.05) x 10- 4
(4.25 0.23) x 10~5
(7.10 0.38) x 10 ~5
(1.140.04)x 10~4
2.10xl0"5
6.56 x 10 ~5
1.75 x l O " 4
5.33 x 10 ~5
1.448 x 10~4
2.791 x 10~4
2.67 x 10 " 5
8.44 x 10 ~5
2.119 x l O - 4
6.53 x 10 ~5
1.685 x l O - 4
4.54OxIO- 4
1.01 x 10~4
1.86 x l O - 4
3.OxIO" 4
6.06 x 10~5
2.27 x 10 " 5
6.4xlO-6
2.56 x 10 ~4
2.18 x l O " 4
2.37 x 10 ~4
1.054 x l O " 5
2.76 x l O " 5
7.19 x l O - 5
1.87 x l O - 4
1.76xlO 15
4.41 x 10 ~5
2.8Ox 10" 5
4.80xl0~4
3.87 x 10~5
7.64 x l O - 4
7.22 XlO" 5
2.0OxIO" 3
2.02 x l O - 4
6.46 x 10 ~4
5.23 x 10~5
1.17IxIO- 3
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
exp[- 98.1/RT]
91.2
m2
m2
h
112.5
exp[-112.5 /RT]
m2
m2
m2
89.5
exp[- 89.5/RT]
82.0
m2
h
76.1
a,mi
z (0.98)
z (1010)
h
81.6
95.0
94.1
t9
n2
127.6
130.1
exp[-130.1/i?7]
87.9
110.8
99.6
129.7
h,m2
m2
m2
m2
m2
m2
X2
X2
x2
X2
x2
X2
X2
X2
x2
Refs.
133
133
194
194
194
133
133
133
133
133
133
133
133
194
194
194
133
6
145
145
35
35
35
35
35
35
194
194
194
194
194
194
194
194
194
194
194
194
170
170
170
175
258
258
258
316
133
194
133
133
133
133
133
133
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
Next Page
Table 4. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
24 (cont'd)
Initiator
Solvent
Unknown
Lauroyl peroxide
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
Ethyl acetate
Ethyl ether
Mineral oil
Styrene
26
28
36
x
TABLE 5.
Number of
C atoms
4
2-Phenoxybenzoyl peroxide
Myristoyl peroxide
Menthylphthaloyl peroxide
Aliphatic polymeric
diacyl peroxide
kd(s'1)
Benzene
Benzene
Acetophenone
Benzene
Dioxane
Chlorobenzene
Ea (kj/mol)
30
40
50
60
70
60
70
85
70
40
50
60
70
61
79
99
T (K)
40
50
61
70
30
T (K)
34.8
49.4
61.0
74.8
100.0
50
60
65
70
50
1.08 x 10 " 4
3.0OxIO" 3
3.72 x l 0 ~ 4
2.56 x 10 " 7
4.91 x 10~7
2.19 x l O - 6
9.17 xlO~ 6
2.86 x l O - 5
1.51 x 10~5
5.58 x l 0 ~ 5
3.75 x l O - 4
4.33 x l O - 5
2.91 x 10 ~7
1.15 XlO" 6
4.75 x l O - 6
1.87 xlO~ 5
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 x l O - 4
1.93 XlO" 3
3.92 xlO 1 4
6.03 x 10 ~7
2.7OxIO- 6
1.05 x l 0 ~ 5
3.99 x l 0 ~ 5
1.97 x 10 " 6
2.2 x 1016
2.06 x 10 ~7
2.25 x l O " 6
1.42 x l 0 ~ 5
1.00 x l O - 4
2.39 x l O - 3
3.1 x 10" 6
1.2OxIO- 5
2.22 x l O - 5
4.32 x l O - 5
2.03 x 10 ~4
50
60
70
65
70
55
75
75
80
6.58 x 10 ~5
1.815 x 10 ~4
4.729 x l O " 4
8.18x10 ~5
3.38 x 10 ~5
1.15 x 10~4
9.04 x 10 ~5
9.00 x 10 " 5
1.720xl0" 4
85
rraw5-4-(4-Methoxybenzylidene)butyryl peroxide
frarcs-4-(4-Methylbenzylidene)butyryl peroxide
T( 0 C)
Notes
X2
X2
X2
a
127.2
a
a
a
a,j
exp[- 12337/RT]
a
exp[- 137.9/RT]
a
a
a
a
a
121.1
90.4
121.3
c,h
c
c
a
a
Vu
Vi5
V 15
Refs.
214
214
214
99
68
68
68
68
126,337
126,337
126,337
16
68
68
68
68
344
344
344
344
68
68
68
68
99
1
10
10
10
10
10
287
287
287
287
194
194
194
194
5
16
65
302
302
302
HYDROPEROXIDES AND KETONE PEROXIDES
Initiator
Solvent
sec-Butyl hydroperoxide
Toluene
ter/-Butyl hydroperoxide
Benzene
T( 0 C)
172.0
182.3
130
145
160
154.5
161.7
169.3
174.6
fcd
(s"1)
2.65 x 10 ~5
4.9 XlO" 5
3 x 10 ~7
1.6 XlO" 6
6.6 x l O - 6
4.29 XlO" 6
9.27 x l O - 6
2.OxIO- 5
4.OxIO- 5
Ea (kj/mol)
138
170.7
Notes
a
a
a
h
Refs.
199
199
337
337
337
76
76
76
76
Previous Page
Table 4. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
24 (cont'd)
Initiator
Solvent
Unknown
Lauroyl peroxide
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
Ethyl acetate
Ethyl ether
Mineral oil
Styrene
26
28
36
x
TABLE 5.
Number of
C atoms
4
2-Phenoxybenzoyl peroxide
Myristoyl peroxide
Menthylphthaloyl peroxide
Aliphatic polymeric
diacyl peroxide
kd(s'1)
Benzene
Benzene
Acetophenone
Benzene
Dioxane
Chlorobenzene
Ea (kj/mol)
30
40
50
60
70
60
70
85
70
40
50
60
70
61
79
99
T (K)
40
50
61
70
30
T (K)
34.8
49.4
61.0
74.8
100.0
50
60
65
70
50
1.08 x 10 " 4
3.0OxIO" 3
3.72 x l 0 ~ 4
2.56 x 10 " 7
4.91 x 10~7
2.19 x l O - 6
9.17 xlO~ 6
2.86 x l O - 5
1.51 x 10~5
5.58 x l 0 ~ 5
3.75 x l O - 4
4.33 x l O - 5
2.91 x 10 ~7
1.15 XlO" 6
4.75 x l O - 6
1.87 xlO~ 5
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 x l O - 4
1.93 XlO" 3
3.92 xlO 1 4
6.03 x 10 ~7
2.7OxIO- 6
1.05 x l 0 ~ 5
3.99 x l 0 ~ 5
1.97 x 10 " 6
2.2 x 1016
2.06 x 10 ~7
2.25 x l O " 6
1.42 x l 0 ~ 5
1.00 x l O - 4
2.39 x l O - 3
3.1 x 10" 6
1.2OxIO- 5
2.22 x l O - 5
4.32 x l O - 5
2.03 x 10 ~4
50
60
70
65
70
55
75
75
80
6.58 x 10 ~5
1.815 x 10 ~4
4.729 x l O " 4
8.18x10 ~5
3.38 x 10 ~5
1.15 x 10~4
9.04 x 10 ~5
9.00 x 10 " 5
1.720xl0" 4
85
rraw5-4-(4-Methoxybenzylidene)butyryl peroxide
frarcs-4-(4-Methylbenzylidene)butyryl peroxide
T( 0 C)
Notes
X2
X2
X2
a
127.2
a
a
a
a,j
exp[- 12337/RT]
a
exp[- 137.9/RT]
a
a
a
a
a
121.1
90.4
121.3
c,h
c
c
a
a
Vu
Vi5
V 15
Refs.
214
214
214
99
68
68
68
68
126,337
126,337
126,337
16
68
68
68
68
344
344
344
344
68
68
68
68
99
1
10
10
10
10
10
287
287
287
287
194
194
194
194
5
16
65
302
302
302
HYDROPEROXIDES AND KETONE PEROXIDES
Initiator
Solvent
sec-Butyl hydroperoxide
Toluene
ter/-Butyl hydroperoxide
Benzene
T( 0 C)
172.0
182.3
130
145
160
154.5
161.7
169.3
174.6
fcd
(s"1)
2.65 x 10 ~5
4.9 XlO" 5
3 x 10 ~7
1.6 XlO" 6
6.6 x l O - 6
4.29 XlO" 6
9.27 x l O - 6
2.OxIO- 5
4.OxIO- 5
Ea (kj/mol)
138
170.7
Notes
a
a
a
h
Refs.
199
199
337
337
337
76
76
76
76
TABLE 5. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
4 (cont'd)
Initiator
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide
Solvent
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
Cumene
Cyclohexane
Dodecane
Heptane
w-Octane
Toluene
Vapor
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide/cobalt
2-Ethyl hexanoate
Chlorohenzene
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide/cobalt
stearate
Methyl ethyl ketone peroxides
Benzene
tert-Amyl hydroperoxide
Ethyl acetate
Chlorobenzene
Acetone cyclic diperoxide
Benzene
3,3,6,6-Tetramethyl-1,2,4,5tetroxane
Toluene
Benzene
Toluene
Vapor
Cyclohexyl hydroperoxide
Benzene
Benzene/styrene (50/50)
Cyclohexane
T( 0 C)
172.3
182.6
171
199
231
182.6
100
172
86.1
98.5
172
149.8
159.9
169.6
179.6
100
172.5
181.5
192.6
204.5
214.9
570
670
773
873
973
0
0
0
25
25
45
45
100
115
130
70
153
190
228
135.5
145.5
165.0
165.0
135.5
140.5
145.5
150.5
165.0
165.0
130.1
150.1
170.1
177.1
185.1
194.1
207.1
215.1
250.1
70
70
130
140
150
#d ( s 1 )
1.09 x l O " 5
3.1 x 10~5
1.93 x 10~5
1.93 x l O " 4
1.93 x l O " 3
8.1 x 10" 5
1.2xlO- ?
1.4IxIO- 4
1.32 xlO~ 6
5.55 x l O - 6
1.41 x 10" 4
8xlO"6
2.5 XlO" 5
6.9 x l 0 ~ 5
1.82 x l 0 ~ 5
5.7xl0"8
9.2 x l O " 6
2.69 XlO" 5
8.3 x l O " 5
1.52 XlO" 4
3.24 xlO~ 4
3.4XlO 1
4.95
8.4XlO 1
5.66 x 102
2.58 x 103
1.01 x 10" 3
8.29 x 10 ~5
5.4OxIO" 4
2.3 XlO" 3
1.1 x l O " 3
1.4xlO" 3
l.OxlO" 3
1.3 x 10 " 5
4.80xl0"5
1.60xl0" 4
1.28 x 10~6
1.93 x 10 " 5
1.93 x l O " 4
1.93 x l O " 3
6.25 x l O " 7
2.09xl0-6
1.41 x 10" 5
1.37 x l O " 5
6.25 x l O " 7
1.19 x 10~6
2.09 x l O " 6
2.83 XlO" 6
1.41 x 10" 5
1.37 x l O " 5
1.8 x l O " 6
3.4xlO- 6
3.5xl0-6
4.6x10-6
1.3 x l 0 ~ 5
2.4 x l O - 5
8.5 x l O " 5
1.66 x l O " 4
4.88 x l O - 4
0
1.27 x 10~3
2.38 x l 0 ~ 3
1.16 x l O - 2
3.20xl0" 2
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
128.4
163.2
c
b
b
f
f
f
Vi0
V7
V1
101
147.1
Vi
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
Refs.
199
199
344
344
344
199
199
199
41
41
199
118
118
118
118
199
199
199
199
199
199
188
188
188
188
188
190
190
190
198
198
198
198
337
337
337
13
344
344
344
286
286
286
286
373
373
373
373
373
373
365
365
365
365
365
365
365
365
365
91
91
91
91
91
TABLE 5. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
6 (cont'd)
Initiator
Cyclohexyl hydroperoxide
Solvent
Benzene
80
Cyclohexane
80
Cyclohexene
80
Dimethylheptadiene
80
1-Octene
80
Benzyl hydroperoxide
Styrene
1,4-Dimethylcyclohexanehydroperoxide
1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutylhydroperoxide
1,4-Dimethylcyclohexane
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-di(hydroperoxy)hexane
(S)x
Benzene
n-Octyl hydroperoxide
2,4,4-Trimethylpentyl2-hydroperoxide
Poly(phenyleneethyl hydroperoxide)/manganese resinate
White oil
White oil
Cumene hydroperoxide
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
Chlorobenzene
Cumene
Mesitylene
Styrene
Toluene
Cumyl hydroperoxide
10
p-Cymene hydroperoxide
T( 0 C)
White oil
Acetone-d6
/?-Cymene
^d(S" 1 )
60
60
120
Reaction order
varies from
1.5 to 2.0
Reaction order
varies from
1.5 to 2.0
Reaction order
varies from
1.5 to 2.0
Reaction order
varies from
1.5 to 2.0
Reaction order
varies from
1.5 to 2.0
9xlO~6
1.8 x l O - 5
1.4xlO" 5
130
145
160
135
153
173
1.7xlO~ 5
7.41 x 10- 5
2.83 XlO" 4
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93xlO- 4
1.93 x l O - 3
130
145
160
150
150
2.7xlO~ 6
1.0 x l O - 5
3.16 x l O - 5
9.29 x 10 ~5
9.29 x 10 " 5
26
30
35
115
130
145
159
193
253
110
120
132
T(K)
2.0OxIO- 4
2.75 x 10" 4
3.67 XlO" 4
4xlO"7
1.7 x l O - 6
6.6 x l O ~ 6
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 x l O " 4
1.93xl0-3
2.742 x 10 ~6
5.194 x l O - 6
9.305 x l O - 6
2.1OxIO 11
125
139
182.3
150
-33.0
-23.0
-12.0
-18.0
-8.0
9xlO~6
3 xlO-5
6.45 x l O " 5
1.34 x 10~4
7.0xl0~5
2.28 XlO" 4
1.2IxIO- 3
8.3 x l O - 5
4.23 x l O - 4
-3.0
110
120
132
T(K)
1.65xlO- 3
5.50OxIO" 6
1.20OxIO- 5
2.089 XlO" 5
1.23 x l O 1 2
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
Refs.
119
119
119
119
119
C3
C4
c
276
276
224
134
a
a
a
337
337
337
344
344
344
113
a
a
a
a
a
337
337
337
177
177
t3
t3
t3
a
a
a
212
212
212
337
337
337
344
344
344
367
367
367
367
58
58
199
199
199
177
264
264
264
264
264
137.2
112.5
112.5
46.0
122
exp[- S0.0/RT]
98.7
101.3
121.3
62.0
110.2
tu
tM
tu
exp[-85.48//?71
264
367
367
367
367
TABLE 5. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
10 (cont'd)
Initiator
Decalin hydroperoxide
Solvent
Pinane hydroperoxide
Acetic acid
Chlorobenzene
Decalin
1,2-Dichlorobenzene
Ethylene glycol
Nitrobenzene
Pyridine
Benzene
2-Phenylbutyl 2-hydroperoxide
sec-Butylbenzene
l-Phenyl-2-methylpropylhydroperoxide
Benzene
l-Phenyl-2-methylpropyl-2hydroperoxide
Benzene
Tetralin hydroperoxide
Poly(butene)
n-Butyl stearate
2-Ethyl-l-hexene
1-Hexadecene
Mineral oil
/i-Octadecane
Isooctane
Octyl ether
Poly(propylene)
-Tetradecane
Tetralin
2,2,4-Trimethyl-l-pentene
white oil
Toluene
(1O)n
Poly(cumyleneethylhydroperoxide)
(MWIlOO)
11
2,2-Bis(terf-butyldioxy)propane
Cumene
l-Methoxy-l-(terf-butylperoxy)
cyclohexane
Cumene
sc-Butyltoluene hydroperoxide
^c-Butyl toluene
2,2-Di-(tert-butylperoxy)butane
Chlorobenzene
2,2-Bis(ter/-butyldioxy)butane
Diisopropylbenzene
monohydroperoxide
Cumene
Chlorobenzene
l-Methoxy-l-(terr-amylperoxy)
cyclohexane
Cumene
12
T( 0 C)
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
145
160
110
120
132
T(K)
133.8
143.9
153.9
163.7
174
144.2
154.5
165.6
176.0
170
170
130
170
170
135.6
150.6
170
170
170
170
170
170
T(K)
170
150
130
140
150
90
100
110
120
80
90
100
110
100
110
120
T(K)
98
116
136
T(K)
100
150
182
218
80
90
^d(S"1)
5.5xl0~4
10% in 3 h
1.4IxIO- 5
4.48 x l O " 5
1.65 x 10 ~4
4.73 x 10 ~5
(2.31-2.89) x 10 ~4
7.08 x 10 " 6
2.72 x l 0 ~ 5
9.17 x l O - 5
2.944 x 10 ~6
6.61IxIO- 6
1.089 XlO" 5
4.06 xlO 1 2
3.18 x l O " 6
8.95 x 10 " 6
2.OxIO" 5
4.03 XlO" 5
9.77 x l O " 5
5.04 x 10 " 6
1.21 x IO"5
2.92 x l O " 5
6.97 XlO" 5
2.17 x l O " 3
1.47 x l O " 4
1.08 x l O " 4
1.26 x l O " 3
7.92 x l O " 4
4.2 x l O " 5
1.00 XlO" 4
4.82 x l O - 4
2.54 x 10~4
1 31 x 10" 4
1.45 x l 0 ~ 3
2.5OxIO" 3
2.32 x 10~4
2.27 x 109
1.67 x 10~3
1.34 x 10~4
2.79 x 10" 5
4.OxIO- 5
5.78 XlO" 5
2.16 x 10~6
9.14 x l O " 6
2.97 XlO" 5
9.56 x l O " 5
4.79 x 10 ~6
1.898 x 10 ~5
6.57 x l 0 ~ 5
2.139 x l O - 4
4.11IxIO- 6
8.194 XlO" 6
1.9555 x l O - 5
1.02 xlO 1 6
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 x l O - 4
1.93 xlO" 3
9.3OxIO 16
1.84 x 10 ~5
1.93XlO" 5
1.93 x 10 ~4
1.93 x l O - 3
7.82 xlO~ 6
3.07 x 10 " 5
a (kj/mol)
Notes
124.3
176.4
117.2
123.8
a
a
a
exp[-87.15//?7]
122.2
125.5
78.2
125.5
82.8
t3
t3
e,t3
t3
t3
t3
e,t3
t3
t3
t3
t3
t3
t3
117.2
131.4
119.2
121.3
exp[-102.1 /RT]
t3
121.3
txp[-\W2/RT]
exp[-154.08/^7]
Refs.
228
228
228
228
228
228
228
18
18
18
367
367
367
367
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
71
71
71
71
71
71
71
71
71
71
71
71
71
112
71
177
210
210
210
361
361
361
361
348
348
348
348
367
367
367
367
344
344
344
344
361
344
344
344
348
348
TABLE 5. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
12 (cont'd)
13
14
Initiator
Solvent
l-Methoxy-l-(te/Y-amylperoxy)
cyclohexane
l-Methoxy-l-(terf-hexylperoxy)
cyclohexane
Cumene
U-Bis(tert-butylperoxy)cyclopentane
Cumene
2,2-Bis(terf-butyldioxy)-3-methylbutane
Diphenylmethane
U-Bis(terf-butylperoxy)cyclohexane
Cumene
Cumene
Cumene
Chlorobenzene
l,l-Bis(terr-butylperoxy)-2-methylcyclopentane
15
16
17
w-Dodecane
n-Hexadecane
H-Hexane
n-Nonane
Cumene
1,1-Diphenylethyl hydroperoxide
Chlorobenzene
l-Methoxy-l-(rm-octylperoxy)cyclohexane
Cumene
U-Bis(^-butylperoxy)-2-methylcyclohexane
Cumene
U-Bis(terf-amylperoxy)cyclohexane
Cumene
l,l-Bis(terf-butylperoxy)cyclooctane
Cumene
l,l-Bis(^rr-butylperoxy)-2-n-propylcyclohexane
Cumene
l,l-Bis(terf-butylperoxy)2-isopropylcyclohexane
Cumene
l,l-Bis(ferf-butylperoxy)3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane
Cumene
T( 0 C)
100
110
80
90
100
110
80
90
100
110
90
100
110
120
100
80
90
100
110
94
113
134
T (K)
100
100
100
100
80
90
100
110
90
110
130
150
T (K)
70
80
90
100
80
90
100
110
80
90
100
110
90
100
110
120
80
90
100
70
80
90
100
80
90
100
110
A:d (s"1)
1.058 xlO~ 4
3.450 x 10 " 4
8.34 x 10~6
3.17 x l O " 5
1.12Ox 10" 4
3.653 x l O - 4
4.98 x l O " 6
1.80xl0~ 5
6.67 x l O " 5
2.17 XlO" 4
1.08 x 10 ~5
3.75 x 10 ~5
1.29 XlO" 4
4.1IxIO-4
3.17 x l O " 5
3.47 x 10~6
1.45 x 10 ~5
5.06 x l O " 5
1.62 XlO" 4
1.93 x 10 " 5
1.93 x l O " 4
1.93 x l 0 ~ 3
3.47 x 1015
3.51 x 10 ~5
3.15 x l O " 5
3.82 x 10 " 5
3.62 x 10 ~5
1.55 x 10~5
5.82 x 10~5
1.85 x l O " 4
6.0OxIO" 4
2.OxIO" 9
1.007 XlO" 6
1.034 XlO" 6
1.223 XlO" 6
1.38 x 108
5.9xlO~ 6
2.3OxIO" 5
8.18 x l O " 5
2.84OxIO" 4
1.29 x 10~5
4.51 x 10 " 5
1.43 XlO" 4
4.58 x l O " 4
5.34 x l O " 6
2.02 x 10 " 5
7.32 x l O " 5
2.44 XlO" 4
1.11 x 10 " 5
4.15 x 10~5
1.36 x l O - 4
4.24 xlO~ 4
1.2OxIO- 5
4.19 x 10 " 5
1.38 XlO" 4
2.59 x 10" 5
4.86 x 10 ~5
1.98 x l O " 4
7.46 XlO" 4
3.82 x 10~6
1.50 x 10 " 5
5.31 x 10 " 5
1.75 XlO" 4
Ea (kj/mol)
exp[- 142A/RT]
exp[- 105A/RT]
Notes
Refs.
348
348
348
348
348
348
349,364
349,364
349,364
349,364
358
358
358
358
361
349,350
349,350
349,350
348,349,350
344
344
344
344
364
364
364
364
349
349
349
349
374
374
374
374
374
348
348
348
348
349
349
349
349
348
348
348
348
364
364
364
364
349
349
349
349
349
349
349
349,364
349,364
349,364
349,364
TABLE 5. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
Il (cont'd)
Initiator
Solvent
U-Bis(tert-butylperoxy)3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane
Chlorobenzene
rc-Butyl 4,4-di-(terf-butylperoxy)
valerate
Chlorobenzene
18
l,l-Bis(terr-hexylperoxy)cyclohexane
Cumene
20
U-Bis(tert-butylperoxy)cyclododecane
Cumene
22
U-Bis(tert-octylperoxy)cyclohexane
Cumene
31
2,2-Bis[4,4-di-(tert-butylperoxycyclohexyl)propane
Chlorobenzene
TABLE 6.
Number of
C atoms
4
5
85
105
128
T (K)
102
121
143
T(K)
80
90
100
110
90
100
110
80
90
100
110
87
106
128
T(K)
kd (s"1)
1.93 x ICT5
1.93 x 10 ~4
1.93 X l O - 3
7.59 x 10 13
1.93 x 10 " 5
1.93 x 10 ~4
1.93 XlO- 3
1.91 x 1015
5.38 x 10~6
2.06 x 10 ~5
7.48 XlO" 5
2.48 XlO- 4
8.14 x l O " 6
3.22 x 10~5
9.93 XlO" 5
1.513 x 10~5
5.62 x 10 ~5
1.983 X l O - 4
6.26 x l O - 4
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 x 10 ~4
1.93 x l O - 3
8.79 x l O 1 4
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
Refs.
344
344
344
344
344
344
344
344
348
348
348
348
364
364
364
348
348
348
348
344
344
344
344
exp[- 127.52/RT]
exp[- 143.51/RT]
exp[-135.56//?7]
PERESTERS AND PEROXYCARBONATES
Initiator
Dimethyl peroxalate
tert-Butyl percarbamate
tert-Butyl performate
Solvent
J( 0 C)
Pentane
Chlorobenzene
Chlorobenzene
25
90
130.8
140.8
140.6
140
140
140.6
140
140.6
140
79.5
88.4
92.8
64
64
64
64
79.6
87.8
92.6
88.2
92.8
99.4
75
85
85
100
115
130
75
4-Chlorotoluene
Cumene
6
J( 0 C)
Isobutyl peracetate
a-Methylstyrene
tt-Butyl peracetate
a-Methylstyrene
sec-Butyl peracetate
terr-Butyl peracetate
a-Methylstyrene
terf-Amyl
alcohol
Benzene
n-Butanol
A^(S"1)
1.7xlO~ 5
6.6xlO" 6
5.43 x 10 ~5
1.7OxIO- 4
1.8OxIO- 4
2.12 XlO" 3
5.06 x l O - 4
1.61 x 10~4
1.62 x l O - 3
1.77 x 10~4
1.02 XlO" 3
1.36 x l O " 5
3.61xl0" 5
5.58 x l O - 5
~9.6xl0~3
8.2 x l O - 3
6.5 x l O - 4
1.2 x l O - 3
1.57 x l O - 5
3.27 x l O - 5
5.38 x l O - 5
1.79XlO"5
3.19 x l O - 5
5.37 x l O - 5
2.8 x 10 " 6
1.2xlO~ 6
2.18 x l O - 6
1.54 x 10- 5
1.02 XlO" 4
5.69 x l O - 4
2.65 x 10 ~5
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
159.0
64.0
m2
V8
V1
v8
b
b,v6
115.2
g2,vi6
g2,vi7
g2,vi8
g2,vi9
101.0
104.3
151.9
a
a
a
a
Refs.
203
141
218
218
218
218
218
218
218
218
218
253
253
253
253
253
253
253
253
253
253
253
253
253
193
193
126,337
126,337
126,337
126,337
193
TABLE 6. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
6 (cont'd)
Initiator
rm-Butyl peracetate
Solvent
2-Butanol
Chlorobenzene
Decane
rm-Butyl trichloroperacetate
Diethyl peroxydicarbonate
Dodecane
Hexadecane
Hexane
Octane
Paraffin
Tetradecane
Chlorobenzene
terr-Butanol
2,2'-Oxydiethylene
bis(allyl carbonate)
Diethyl peroxalate
ten-Amyl peracetate
Pentane
Chlorobenzene
tert-Butyl methoxyperacetate
Ethylbenzene
terf-Butyl peracrylate
Benzene
terr-Butylperoxy isopropyl
Chlorobenzene
terr-Butyl perpropionate
carborate
Benzene
Decane
Dodecane
Hexadecane
a-Methylstyrene
rm-Butyl 2-acetoxyperacetate
tert-Buty\ cyclopropanepercarboxylate
Octane
Tetradecane
Ethylbenzene
-Dodecane
rc-Hexadecane
2,2,4-Trimethylpentane
ferf-Butyl ethoxyperacetate
Ethylbenzene
T (0C)
d (s" 1 )
75
75
75
60
100
119
139
T (K)
100
115
125
100
100
100
130.1
100
130.1
100
60
66.8
77.0
45
55
40
50
60
25
90
108
129
T(K)
40.0
39.6
50.2
60.1
90
100
110
98
117
137
T(K)
80
90
100
100
100
70
90
100
100
91.8
1.13 x 10" 4
5.3 XlO" 5
4 xlO-7
2.3IxIO"8
1.93 XlO" 5
1.93 XlO" 4
1.93 x l O " 3
1.57 x 10 16
1.5 x IO" 5
7.9IxIO-5
2.45 XlO" 4
1.95 x 10- 5
1.78 x 10 ~5
1.55 x 10 " 5
5.08 x 10~4
2.07 x 10 ~5
3.13 x 10~4
1.55 x 10 ~5
1.19 x 10 " 5
2.75 x l O - 5
1.00 XlO" 4
1.25 x 10 " 5
5.7 x l 0 ~ 5
6.94 x l O " 6
2.86 x 10 " 5
1.28 x l O - 4
2.6xlO"5
1.93 x 10 " 5
1.93 x l O " 4
1.93xl0- 3
4.13 x l O 1 5
2.2xlO"4
1.94 x l O - 4
8.24 x l O - 4
2.35 x l O - 3
1.12 x l O " 5
1.5IxIO- 5
4.85 x l O - 5
1.93 x 10 " 5
1.93 XlO" 4
1.93 x l O - 3
2.49 x l O 1 6
1.53 x 10~6
6.04 x 10 " 6
1.82 x 10 ~5
1.78 x IO" 5
1.58 x 10 ~5
3.02 x 10~7
4.85 x l O " 6
2.03 x 10 ~5
1.68 x 10 ~5
2.73 x 10 ~5
113.0
102.6
113.0
102.6
113.0
120.4
40.0
40.6
46.0
55.6
5.48 x 10 ~5
1.28XlO" 5
4.92 x l O - 5
1.7IxIO- 5
6.19 x 10~5
1.505 XlO" 4
2.96 x 10 ~4
2.89 x l O - 4
5.58 x l O - 4
1.94 XlO" 3
E31 (kj/mol)
Notes
159.0
c
t7
m3
a,h
exp[- 149.36/RT]
134
125.9
126.8
a,h
h
133.9-138.1
c
c
a
a
a
127.2
exp[-141.1/#n
104.7
103.9
86.2
a,h
h
a
a
a
exp[-150.15//?7]
a
a
a
a
153.8
146.2
105
102.7
a
m 2 ,h
Refs.
193
193
193
81
344
344
344
344
337
337
337
270
270
270
169
270
169
270
81
28
28
18
18
90
90
90
203
344
344
344
344
315
328
328
328
211
211
211
344
344
344
344
213
213
270
270
270
213
213
270
270
328
255
255
255
255
255
255
315
328
328
328
TABLE 6. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
8 (cont'd)
Initiator
tert-Butyl heptafluoroperoxybutyrate
Solvent
Benzene
Methanol
Methoxybenzene
Nitrobenzene
Octane
Pyridine
Toluene
terf-Butyl methoxyperpropionate
terr-Butyl perisobutyrate
Ethylbenzene
Benzene
Bulk
Chlorobenzene
Cumene
Decane
terf-Butyl percrotonate
Dodecane
Hexadecane
Iso-octane
Nujol
Octane
Tetradecane
Benzene
T( 0 C)
65.0
70.0
75.0
80.0
60.0
65.0
70.0
75.0
80.0
60.0
65.0
70.0
75.0
10.0
15.0
19.6
30.0
55.0
60.2
65.0
70.0
40.0
45.0
50.0
85.0
90.0
95.0
100.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
65.0
75.0
80.0
85.0
40.3
78
70
85
100
70
90.6
100.7
110.0
79
98
118
T(K)
90.6
100.7
110.0
70
85
100
100
100
100
103.4
103.4
100
100
100
115
130
^d(S"1)
1.56 x 10 " 5
3.09 x 10 ~5
5.27 XlO" 5
9.08 x l O " 5
9.5 x l O " 6
1.61 x 10~5
2.7OxIO- 5
5.23xl0-5
9.18 x l 0 ~ 5
9.6 XlO" 6
1.93 x l O - 5
3.57 XlO" 5
6.35 x l 0 ~ 5
7.19 x 10~5
9.37 x l 0 ~ 5
1.304 x l O - 4
2.604 x l O - 4
5.01 x 10 ~5
8.56 x l O " 5
1.378 x l O - 4
2.444 XlO" 4
3.26 x 10 ~5
6.36 x l O " 5
9.31 x 10 " 5
5.1 x 10 ~6
9.5 xlO~ 6
1.75 x l O - 5
3.41 x 10 " 5
2.74 x 10 " 5
7.66 x l O " 5
1.868 x l O " 4
1.88 x 10 " 5
4.66 XlO" 5
7.06 x l O " 5
1.203 x l O " 4
4.30xl0~ 3
3.77 x 10~5
6.69 x l O " 5
5.33 x l O - 5
3.5OxIO- 4
4.12 XlO" 5
8.13 x 10" 5
2.75 x l O " 4
8.92 x l O " 4
1.93 xlO~ 5
1.93 x l O - 4
1.93 x l O " 3
2.07 xlO 1 5
6.9 x l O " 5
2.35 x l O " 4
6.57 x l O " 4
4.7 x l O " 6
2.6 x l O - 5
1.55 x l O " 4
1.46 x l O " 4
1.56 x 10 " 4
1.47 x 10 " 4
2.16 xlO~ 4
2.23 x l O " 4
1.59 x 10 ~4
1.52 x 10 " 4
2.5xlO" 5
1.5OxIO- 4
7.39 x l O - 4
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
v 24
V24
V24
V24
V25
V25
V25
V25
V25
V26
V26
V26
V26
140.6
a
a
a
a
a
h
exp[-135.16/,RrI
133.1
140.6
122
a
a
a
138
a
a
a
Refs.
370
370
370
370
370
370
370
370
370
370
370
370
370
369
369
369
369
370
370
370
370
370
370
370
370
370
370
370
370
370
370
369
369
369
369
328
37
126,337
126,337
126,337
37
136
136
136
344
344
344
344
136
136
136
337
337
337
270
270
270
251
251
270
270
337
337
337
TABLE 6. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
8 (cont'd)
Initiator
Solvent
tert-Butyl permaleic acid
Acetone
tert-Butyl permethacrylate
Benzene
tert-Butyl peroxyisopropyl carbonate
Benzene
Cyclohexyl peracetate
a-Methylstyrene
Diisopropyl peroxalate
Diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate
Pentane
Benzene
Di-rc-butyl phthalate
Decane
Ethylbenzene
Mineral spirits
2,2/-Oxydiethylenebis(allyl carbonate)
Ethyl tert-butyl peroxalate
Toluene
Benzene
tert-Butyl 2-acetoxyperpropionate
ter/-Butyl 5-bromo-2-perthenoate
Ethylbenzene
tert-Butyl 5-chloro-2-perthenoate
tert-Butyl cyclobutanepercarboxylate
n-Hexadecane
T( 0 C)
^d(S"1)
70
85
101
90
100
110
90
100
110
88.6
93.0
99.3
25
54.0
77
87
97
107
117
35
45
60
54.3
54.3
30
45
60
75
40
50
60
50
45
55
65
91.4
99.2
112.0
124.5
99.2
112.0
124.5
2.7xlO~ 6
1.6 x l O " 5
6.77 x l O " 5
1.92 x l O ' 5
7.66 XlO- 5
1.92 x l O " 4
6.64 x 10 " 6
2.21 x 10~5
6.87xl0-5
1.63 x l O " 5
2.30xl0"5
4.75 XlO" 5
6.0xl0~ 5
5.0xl0"5
1.39 x 10 ~3
4.09 x l O " 3
1.25 x l O " 2
3.54xl0-2
7.98 x l O " 2
6.3 x l O " 6
2.7xlO-5
1.85 x l O " 4
4.5 x 10 " 5
5.2x10-5
2xlO"6
1.8xl0-5
1.28 XlO" 4
7.55 x l O " 4
6.39 x 10~6
2.28 x 10 " 5
9.44xlO- 5
3.03 x 10 " 5
4.48 x 10~5
1.63 x l O " 4
5.93 x l O " 4
3.6OxIO" 4
2.24 x 10 " 6
1.18x10-5
4.30x10-5
2.29 x 10 " 6
9.56 XlO" 6
4.42x10-5
102.6
92.9
102.6
113.0
4.33 x 10~5
1.2IxIO- 5
4.84 x 10 " 5
1.668 XlO" 4
E2, (kj/mol)
Notes
113
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
137.0
109.4
113
113
117.6
112.5
143.5
143.5
ni2
yi 6
yi 6
y 16
yi6
y!6
a
a
a
m2
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
c,h
a
a
a
a
a
a
150.4
Refs.
337
337
337
211
211
211
9
9
9
253
253
253
203
60
236
236
236
236
236
337
337
337
60
60
337
337
337
337
90
90
90
90
31
31
31
328
176
176
176
176
176
176
255
255
255
255
ter/-Butyl 2,2-dimethyl3-bromoperpropionate
Cyclohexane
55
65
75
9.50xl0~ 6
3.58xl0-5
1.23 x l O " 4
118.2
h,t6
t6
t6
320
320
320
tert-Butyl 2,2-dimethyl3-chloroperpropionate
Cyclohexane
55
65
75
3.55 x 10" 6
1.48x10-5
5.65x10-5
128.6
h,t6
t6
t6
320
320
320
tert-Butyl 2,2-dimethyl3-iodoperpropionate
Cyclohexane
Ethylbenzene
2.91 x 10" 5
3.76 x l O - 4
4.8 x 10~4
4.22 x l O - 4
1.39 x 10 " 3
2.68 x l O " 3
116.9
tert-Butyl isopropoxyperacetate
55
75
40.0
39.9
49.9
55.3
h,t6
t6
a,h
h,m2
320
320
315
328
328
328
100.6
98.9
TABLE 6. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
9 (cont'd)
Initiator
tert-Butyl 1-methylcyclopropylpercarboxylate
Di-(tert-butylperoxy)-carbonate
terf-Butylperoxy isopropyl
carbonate
terf-Butyl perpivalate
Solvent
Chlorobenzene
1,2-Dichlorobenzene
Cumene
Isopropyl ether
Benzene
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
Cumene
Cyclohexane
Decane
Dioxane/water (90/10)
Dodecane
Hexadecane
Hexane
Heptane
Isooctane
Mineral spirits
tert-Buty\ perpivalate-d6
Octane
Tetradecane
Chlorobenzene
T(0C)
102.6
113.0
99.95
110.1
120.1
120.1
99.95
99.95
85
100
115
50
70
85
50
55
60
65
70
48.9
58.6
64.3
57
75
94
T(K)
74.8
60
60.6
74
45
55
60
65
64.6
75.6
84.6
70.3
55
65
75
50
70
80
60.6
80
80
55
60
65
70
80
60.6
73.9
55
60
65
70
75
T (K)
80
80
60.6
74.0
* d (s"1)
2.30 x 10 " 5
7.47 x l O " 5
6.72 x 10~5
2.13 xlO~ 4
6.05X10- 4
5.98 x 10 ~4
6.72 x 10 " 5
2.76 x 10 ~4
3.3xlO" 6
2.2xlO" 5
1.36xlO- 4
9.77 x 10 " 6
1.24X10- 4
7.64X10- 4
1.03 XlO" 5
1.94 XlO" 5
3.92 x l 0 ~ 5
7.31 x 10~5
1.30x10-4
8.4xlO" 6
3.35xlO- 5
7.0IxIO- 5
1.93 x l 0 ~ 5
1.93xlO- 4
1.93 x l O " 3
7.09 XlO 14
2.79xlO- 4
3.85 XlO" 5
4.0OxIO- 5
1.93X10- 4
3.53 x 10 ~6
1.73 x l O " 5
2.95 XlO" 5
4.53 x l O - 5
5.8IxIO- 5
2.1OxIO- 4
5.94 x l O " 4
1.11 x l O - 4
1.03 x 10 ~5
4.02 x l O - 5
1.45 x l O - 4
4.IxIO"6
5.52 XlO" 5
2.18 x l O - 4
6.26 x 10~5
2.38 x 10 ~4
2.39 x 10 " 4
8.42 x 10 '6
1.59 XlO" 5
3.39 x l O - 5
6.19 XlO" 5
2.33 x 10 ~4
1.97 x 10 ~5
8.82 x l O " 5
1.01 x 10 ~5
2.15 x l 0 ~ 5
4.14 x l O - 5
7.58 XlO" 5
1.47X10- 4
3.56 x 1014
2.34 x 10 ~4
2.27 x 10 ~A
3.24 x 10~5
1.57 xlO~ 4
a (kJ/mol)
Notes
Refs.
133.7
255
255
27
27
27
27
27
27
337
337
337
126,337
126,337
126,337
359
359
359
359
359
249
28
28
344
344
344
344
28
81
156
156
160
160
362
160
159
159
159
267
320
320
320
337
337
270
156
270
270
359
359
359
358
270
165
165
359
359
359
359
359
376
270
270
156
156
133.1
138
119.7
125.5
a
a
a
a
a
a
k
h
exp[- 123.59/RT]
128.0
106.7
a,h
t9
t9
h
115.5
122.8
117
a
a
t9
t9
t9
exp[- 123/RT]
t9
t9
TABLE 6. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
9 (cont'd)
Initiator
tert-Butyl
perpivalate-d6
tert-Butyl 2-perthenoate
tert-Butyl 1-pyrollidinepercarboxylate
tert-Butyl Af-succinimidopercarboxylate
10
tert-Amyl
perpivalate
Solvent
(s"1)
5.05 x 10" 5
1.62 x 10~5
8.82 x l O - 5
3.3 x 10 " 6
1.66 x l 0 ~ 5
6.87 x l O - 5
Chlorobenzene
90
7.59 x 10 ~5
Acetonitrile
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
100
100
90
100
90
100
100
100
90
100
51
55
72
91
T (K)
50
60
70
80
35
45
60
47
63
82
T(K)
30
40
60
49
65
83
T (K)
74.7
80.7
90.8
40.3
99.8
116.6
129.9
9.9xlO~ 4
3.79 x 10~5
1.32 x 10 ~5
4.9IxIO-5
3.3xl0-6
1.10 x 10~5
9.OxIO- 6
6.00xl0"3
9.24 x 10 ~5
3.4IxIO-4
1.9XlO" 5
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 x l O - 4
1.93 x l O - 3
4.12 x 1015
1.05 x 10 ~5
3.5IxIO-5
1.309 XlO" 4
4.239 XlO" 4
6.9xlO~ 6
2.6xlO" 5
1.8OxIO- 4
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 XlO" 4
1.93 XlO" 3
3.19 xlO 1 5
2xlO"6
1.0 x l O - 5
1.34 x l O - 4
1.93 x 10 " 5
1.93 x l O - 4
1.93 XlO" 3
7.00 x 1015
1.98 xlO~ 4
4.37 x 10 " 4
1.25 x l O - 3
2.91 x 10 " 4
1.65 x 10 ~5
1.38 x 10~4
6.83 x l O - 4
113.0
92.9
102.6
113.0
75
93
113
T (K)
42.42
50.30
57.95
44.85
50.10
60.20
3.02 x 10 ~4
2.47 x 10 ~5
8.87 x 10 " 5
2.89 x l O - 4
1.93 x 10 " 5
1.93 x l O - 4
1.93 x l 0 ~ 3
2.45 x 1015
9.04 x 10 ~5
2.349 x l 0 ~ 5
5.66OxIO- 5
1.874 x 10 ~5
3.609 x l O - 5
1.306 x l O - 4
Cumene
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexene
Methanol
Methylene chloride
Nitrobenzene
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
Decane
Chlorobenzene
Mineral spirits
Di-w-butyl peroxydicarbonate
Chlorobenzene
tert-Butyl 2-acetoxy-2methyl perpropionate
Ethylbenzene
tert-Butyl
tert-butoxyperacetate
tert-Butyl 4-carbomethoxyperbutyrate
Ethylbenzene
Cumene
tert-Butyl cyclopentylpercarboxylate
fcd
60.6
60.6
73.9
99.2
112.0
124.5
Isooctane
Cumene
Di-(sec-butyl)peroxydicarbonate
T( 0 C)
n-Hexadecane
tert-Butyl peroxydiethyl acetate
Chlorobenzene
tert-Butyl 2,2-dimethylperbutenoate
Cumene
tert-Butyl 2,2-dimethylperbutyrate
Cumene
Ea (kj/mol)
147.3
Notes
t9
t9
t9
m2
m2
m2
Refs.
156
165
165
176
176
176
141
113.4
h,m2
m2
t9
m2
a
exp[- 121J6/RT]
113
exp[-123.85//?7]
113
a
a
a
a
a
a
exp[- 126.65/RT]
m2
151.3
140.8
exp[- 134.00/RT]
100.7
142
142
141
142
141
142
142
142
141
142
338
344
344
344
344
362
362
362
362
337
337
337
344
344
344
344
337
337
337
344
344
344
344
328
328
328
328
257
257
257
255
255
255
255
344
344
344
344
274
274
274
274
274
274
TABLE 6. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
10 (cont'd)
Initiator
Di(tert-butylperoxy)-oxalate
Solvent
Benzene
tert-Butanol
Decane
Dodecane
Octane
n-Pentane
Tetradecane
Styrene
11
tert-Butyl 5-methyl-7-perthenoate
P-Methyl-P-phenyl-P-peroxypropiolactone
Bis(2-nitro-2-methylpropyl)-peroxydicarbonate
1-Phenylethylperacetate
tert-Butyl
4-chloroperbenzoate
tert-Butyl-JV-(2-chlorophenylperoxy)carbamate
Toluene
Benzene
Phenyl ether
Toluene
tert-Butyl-AK3-chlorophenylperoxy>
carbamate
Toluene
tert-Butyl-AH4-chlorophenylperoxy)carbamate
Toluene
tert-Butyl cyclohexylperoxycarboxylate
-Hexadecane
tert-Butyl-iV-(2,5-dichlorophenylperoxy) carbamate
Toluene
tert-Butyl 2,2-dimethylperpentanoate
Cyclohexane
Cumene
tert-Butyl 5-ethyl-2-perthenoate
tert-Butyl 2-iodoperbenzoate
Chlorobenzene
tert-butyl 4-nitroperbenzoate
Phenyl ether
tert-Butyl 3,5-dinitroperbenzoate
T( 0 C)
kd (s"1)
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
c,h
c
c
35.0
45.0
55.0
25.0
41
41
41
37.8
41
35
45
55
99.2
112.0
124.5
106.8
126
134
50
6.77 x 10" 5
2.6IxIO" 4
9.3 XlO" 4
1.83 x l O " 5
1.75 x 10 " 4
1.81 x 10" 4
1.79 x 10 " 4
1.01 x 10" 4
1.71 x 10~4
5.5xl0"5
1.71 x 10" 4
6.0IxIO" 4
4.6xlO~ 6
1.94 x l 0 ~ 5
7.95 XlO" 5
5.65 x 10 " 6
4.59 x 10 " 5
9.71 x 10" 5
2.22 x 10 ~5
106.7
100
100.0
110.1
120.2
130.9
80
87.0
95.5
103.3
78.0
87.0
96.6
102.7
73.0
78.5
87.0
92.5
92.9
102.6
82.2
92.9
102.6
113.0
88.0
95.0
103.3
114.5
55
65
75
45
55
99.2
112.0
124.5
85.0
102.4
118.8
110.1
120.2
130.9
141.5
80
80
1.14 x l O " 4
3.89 x 10 ~6
1.85 x l 0 ~ 5
6.39 XlO" 5
2.42 xlO~ 4
4.2xlO~ 7
3.5xl0"5
1.48 x 10 ~4
3.3 XlO" 4
2.6 x l O " 5
7.8xl0"5
2.03 xlO~ 4
4.62 XlO" 4
5.57 x 10 ~5
1.42 x 10 ~4
2.75 xlO~ 4
5.37 x l O " 4
6.70xl0~ 5
2.046 x 10 ~4
1.57 x l O " 5
6.13 x l 0 ~ 5
2.046 xlO~ 4
6.58 x l O " 4
2.75 x 10 ~5
5.58 x 10 ~5
1.48 xlO~ 4
4.82 xlO~ 4
1.66 x 10 ~5
6.31 x 10~5
2.23 xlO~ 4
6.2xlO~ 6
2.15 x l 0 ~ 5
5.39 x 10 ~6
2.12 x l 0 ~ 5
7.91 x 10~5
4.02 x 10 ~5
2.58 xlO~ 4
1.32 xlO~ 3
7.56 x 10 " 6
3.19 x l 0 ~ 5
1.11 xlO~ 4
3.92 xlO~ 4
2.9xlO~ 7
1.1 x 10 ~7
138.7
164.4
h
a
a
a
a
157.3
115.5
119.7
136.6
135.8
128.9
120.7
105.4
75.3
137.7
131.8
a,m2
a,m2
a,m2
h,v 9
c,v9
a
130.5
172.8
Refs.
30
30
30
197
270
270
270
197
270
215
215
215
176
176
176
195
195
195
90
259
53
53
53
53
354
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
255
255
255
255
255
255
36
36
36
36
320
320
320
160
160
176
176
176
134
134
134
53
53
53
53
354
354
TABLE 6. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
W (cont'd)
Initiator
Solvent
/m-Butyl-AH3-nitrophenylperoxy)carbamate
Toluene
fm-Butyl-AK4-nitrophenylperoxy)carbamate
Toluene
terf-Butyl perbenzoate
Acetic acid
Benzene
Bromobenzene
rc-Butanol
-Butyl acetate
tert-Butylbenzene
w-Butyl ether
Chlorobenzene
4-Chlorotoluene
Cumene
Decane
Dodecane
Ethylbenzene
Heptane
Hexadecane
Methyl benzoate
Octane
Phenyl ether
Tetradecane
Trimethylbenzene
Xylene
T( 0 C)
78.0
88.7
98.0
106.0
73.0
87.0
98.0
106.0
100.0
110.0
100
115
130
110.0
119.4
130.0
119.4
90.0
100.0
110.0
119.4
110.0
1194
119.4
100.0
110.0
80
110.0
119.4
120
135
150
103
122
142
T(K)
110.0
119.4
130.0
60
79.6
85.0
99.3
115.0
130.2
100
115
130
115
115
119.4
115
115
119.4
115
100.0
110.1
120.2
130.9
115
T (K)
119.4
130.0
A:d (s"1)
8.4 x l O " 6
2.43 x 10 " 5
1.01 x 10- 4
2.36 x l O " 4
6.4xlO~ 6
3.11 x 10~5
8.75 x l O " 5
2.38 xlO~ 4
3.83 x 10 ~5
1.14 x 10~4
1.07 x KT 5
6.22 x l 0 ~ 5
3.5OxIO- 4
3.50xl0" 5
1.04 XlO" 4
3.30xl0~ 4
1.37 x 10 ~4
9.27 x 10 " 5
2.7OxIO- 4
1.06 x 10~4
2.67 x l O " 4
3.6IxIO- 5
1.10 xlO~ 4
1.03 x 10 ~4
7.8OxIO- 5
1.80 XlO" 4
8.8xl0"7
3.83 x 10~5
1.11 x l O " 4
1.3IxIO- 4
6.74 x l O - 4
3.12 x l O - 3
1.93 XlO" 5
1.93 x l O - 4
1.93 x l O " 3
2.23 xlO 1 6
3.25 x 10 " 5
9.80xl0"5
3.06 x l O - 4
3.85 XlO" 7
7.21 x 10 ~5
1.320xl0" 6
9.37 x l O - 6
5.8IxIO- 5
3.24 x l O " 4
1.4xlO- 5
8.05 XlO" 5
3.56 x l O - 4
6.77 XlO" 5
6.44 x KT 5
1.07 x 10~4
7.21 x 10~5
5.97 x 10 ~5
7.8OxIO" 5
7.06 x 10 " 5
6.94 x 10 ~6
2.28 x l O " 5
9.0OxIO- 5
2.92 x l O " 4
6.03 x 10 ~5
2.62 x 1016
1.09 x 10~4
3.42 x l O - 4
E2, (kj/mol)
Notes
133.1
113.8
130.1
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a,m2
a,m2
a
a
a
145.2
144.3
120.5
123.4
148.5
99.2
141.8
exp[- 151.59/RT\
144.3
140.2
134
a
a
m2
m2
m2
c
c
c
a,h
a
a
a
a
156.9
exp[-152.0/RT]
141.4
a
a
a
a
a
a
Refs.
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
56
56
126,337
126,337
126,337
56
56
56
56
56
56
56
56
56
56
56
56
56
354
56
56
22
22
22
344
344
344
344
55
55
55
81
272
345
345
345
345
337
337
337
270
270
56
270
270
56
270
53
53
53
53
270
376
56
56
TABLE 6. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
11 (cont'd)
Initiator
Solvent
terf-Butyl-AK4-bromophenylperoxy)carbamate
Toluene
tert-Butyl percarboxycyclohexane
Chlorobenzene
Cumene
12
tert-Butyl per-2-methylphenylacetate
Isooctane
tert-Butyl-N-(phenylperoxy)
carbamate
Toluene
tert-Hexyl peroxypivalate
Chlorobenzene
Cumene
1,1,2-Trimethylpropyl perpivalate
Cumene
Cumyl peracetate
tert-Amyl peroxybenzoate
Toluene
Chlorobenzene
4-Bromocumyl perpropionate
Benzene
oc-Methylstyrene
tert-Butyl bicyclo[2.2.1]lheptane2-percarboxylate
terf-Butyl endo-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane percarboxylate
Cumene
Chlorobenzene
Cumene
terf-Butylexo-bicyclo[2.2.11]heptane-2-percarboxylate
Chlorobenzene
T( 0 C)
70.8
79.8
84.0
96.0
100.1
111.4
120.0
79.6
79.6
79.6
60.6
73.9
51.2
67.7
77.7
90.7
T(K)
40
50
60
70
80
40
50
60
70
100
100
99
118
139
T (K)
70
80
90
70
80
90
85
100
110
110
120
130
94.0
101.9
109.6
120.5
94.5
101.9
111.9
100.1
111.4
120.0
94.0
101.9
109.6
120.3
94.5
101.9
111.9
94.5
101.9
112.1
A^(S"1)
3.32 x 10 " 5
1.04 x 10 ~4
1.75 x l O - 4
7.70xl0~ 4
2.75 x 10 ~4
9.65 XlO- 4
2.39 XlO- 3
1.86 x l O " 5
1.42 x l 0 ~ 5
1.15xl0- 5
6.60 x 10 ~5
3.233 x l O - 4
3.4xlO-6
2.31 x 10 " 5
1.15 x l O - 4
6.41 x 10 ~4
1.51 x 1016
2.39 x 10 ~6
8.83 x l O - 6
3.37xl0-5
1.226 x l O - 4
4.166 x l O - 4
3.6xlO" 6
1.59x10-5
5.14x10-5
1.921 x 10- 4
4.68 x 10 " 5
3.43 x 10 ~5
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 x 10~4
1.93 x l O - 3
8.38 x 1015
1.48 x 10 " 6
5.73 x l O - 6
1.8IxIO- 5
1.99 x 10~6
4.93 x l O - 6
1.55x10-5
1.16 x 10~6
1.02 x 10 ~5
3.76xlO- 5
4.6x10-5
1.56 XlO" 4
4.99 x l O " 4
1.75XlO" 5
6.20xl0"5
1.7 x l O - 4
5.72 x l O - 4
9.69x10-5
1.96xlO- 5
6.53x10-5
4.6IxIO-5
1.96 xlO~ 4
5.4OxIO- 4
1.87 x l O " 5
5.3OxIO- 5
1.10 x l O " 4
4.3 x l O - 4
5.27xl0-5
1.12 x l O - 4
3.57 x l O - 4
8.86 x 10 ~5
2.28 x 10 ~4
8.85 x l O - 4
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
177.6
131.0
139.7
z (1)
z (2030)
z (4050)
ni2
m2
h
exp[- 136.0/RT]
c
p
exp[- 147.02/RTl
129.7
121.3
a
a
a
a
a
155.2
160
150.2
137.2
149.0
154.0
130.1
Refs.
36
36
36
36
181
181
181
163
163
163
165
165
36
36
36
36
40
362
362
362
362
362
362
362
362
362
271
271
344
344
344
344
213
213
213
213
213
213
160
160
223
223
223
147
147
147
147
147
182
182
181
181
181
147
147
147
147
182
182
182
182
182
182
TABLE 6.
Number of
C atoms
cont'd
Initiator
Solvent
12 (cont'd)
Cumene
tert-Butyl endo-bicyclo[2.2.1]-hept5-ene-2-percarboxylate
Cumene
tert-Butyl exo-bicyclo[2.2.1]-hept5-ene-2-percarboxylate
Chlorobenzene
Cumene
tert-Butyl 4-bromophenoxyperacetate
tert-Butyl 4-chlorophenoxyperacetate
tert-Butyl 3-chlorophenylperacetate
Ethylbenzene
Ethylbenzene
Chlorobenzene
Cumene
tert-Butyl 4-chlorophenyl peracetate
Chlorobenzene
Cumene
tert-Butylcycloheptyl percarboxylate
rc-Hexadecane
tert-Butyl 2,4-dichlorophenoxyperacetate
tert-Butyl 2,2-diethyl perbutyrate
Ethylbenzene
Cumene
tert-Butyl per-2-ethylhexanoate
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
tert-Butyl 2-methoxy-2-methylperpropionate
Chlorobenzene
tert-Butyl 4-methoxyperbenzoate
Phenyl ether
tert-Butyl peroxy-2-methylbenzoate
Chlorobenzene
tert-Butyl 4-methoxyperbenzoate
tert-Butyl 4-methylperbenzoate
Phenyl ether
T( 0 C)
d (s"1)
96.0
100.1
111.4
120.0
84.4
94.7
100.1
108.6
113.5
94.5
101.9
112.1
94.5
101.9
112.0
94.5
101.9
112.1
94.5
101.9
112.1
70.5
70.5
79.6
90.7
100.5
79.6
79.6
79.6
90.7
100.5
79.6
79.6
92.9
102.6
92.9
102.6
70.5
1.33 x 10"4
1.90xl0" 4
6.79 xlO" 4
1.64 xlO" 3
2.19 xlO" 5
7.29 x l 0 ~ 5
1.37 xlO~ 4
3.6 XlO" 4
6.19 XlO" 4
6.05 x l O " 5
1.53 x l O " 4
4.72 XlO" 4
3.11 x l O " 5
7.35 x 10 ~5
2.48 x l O " 4
5.59 x l O " 5
1 25 x 10" 4
5.0OxIO" 4
4.48 x l O " 5
1.18 x l O - 4
3.97 x l O " 4
2.6xlO~ 4
2.9xlO~ 4
4.05 x 10 ~5
1.44 x l O - 4
4.38 x l O " 4
2.98 x 10 " 5
1.99 x l O " 5
8.44 x 10 " 5
2.95 x l O - 4
8.19 x l O " 4
6.54 x 10 " 5
4.45 x 10 " 5
1.801 x 10 " 4
5.17 x l O " 4
1.703 x 10 " 4
5.07 x l O " 4
9.4xlO" 5
45
55
65
72
72
91
113
T(K)
-14.0
-7.0
-1.0
15.0
100.0
110.1
120.2
130.9
96
115
136
T (K)
80
100.0
110.1
120.2
1.23 x 10 " 5
4.92 x l O " 5
1.46 x l O - 4
1.9xlO" 5
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 x l O " 4
1.93xl0- 3
1.54 xlO 1 4
2.05 x 10 " 5
6.73 x 10" 5
1.67 XlO" 4
1.28 XlO" 3
1.07 x 10 " 5
4.17 x l O " 5
1.28 x l O - 4
4.28 x l O " 4
1.93 x 10 " 5
1.93 x 10 " 4
1.93 x l O " 3
8.56 x 1015
l.OxlO" 6
9.42 x 10 " 6
3.19 XlO" 5
1.06 XlO" 4
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
129.3
129.3
131.4
136.4
138.1
123.0
a
a
h
117.2
z (0.98)
z (6090)
h
121.5
z (0.98)
z (6090)
h
125.7
h
a
100.3
exp[- 124.90/RT]
86.3
149.8
m2
m2
m2
m2
a
a
a
a
expr[- 145.97/RT]
151.0
a
a
a
Refs.
147
181
181
181
147
147
147
147
147
182
182
182
182
182
182
182
182
182
182
182
182
315
315
178
178
178
207
207
178
178
178
207
207
255
255
255
255
315
160
160
160
338
344
344
344
344
275
275
275
275
53
53
53
53
344
344
344
344
354
53
53
53
TABLE 6. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
12 {cont'd)
Initiator
terr-Butyl 4-methylperbenzoate
rm-Butyl 2-methyl-2-terfbutylperoxyperpropionate
Solvent
Phenyl ether
Benzene
terf-Butyl 2-methylsulfonyl
perbenzoate
Chlorobenzene
tert-Butyl 2-(methylthio)perbenzoate
Chlorobenzene
tert-Butyl 4-(methylthio)perbenzoate
terf-Butyl 4-nitrophenoxyperacetate
/m-Butyl 4-nitrophenylperacetate
Chlorobenzene
Ethylbenzene
Chlorobenzene
terf-Butyl 4-nitrophenylperacetate
Decane
Dodecane
Hexadecane
Octane
Di-terf-butyl per-2-chlorosuccinoate
Tetradecane
Unknown
T( 0 C)
130.9
9.0
19.0
30.0
42.0
105
120
135
150.6
60
39.4
50.1
50.2
69.8
120.4
70.5
79.6
90.7
100.5
80
77.5
77.5
100
77.5
77.5
100
77.5
105
115
125
tert-Butyl peroctoate
Benzene
Decane
Di-rm-butyl persuccinoate
Styrene
/m-Butyl phenoxyperacetate
rm-Butyl phenylperacetate
Ethylbenzene
Chlorobenzene
Cumene
Decane
Dodecane
Hexadecane
Isooctane
70
85
100
70
85
100
105
115
125
70.5
60
77.0
88.6
79.6
90.7
100.5
79.6
79.6
79.6
79.6
85.0
79.6
79.6
79.6
79.6
79.61
77.5
77.5
77.5
85.0
95.2
^d(S"1)
3.25 x 10~A
6.66 xlO~ 5
1.99 x 10 ~4
6.94 xlO~ 4
2.43 x l 0 ~ 3
6.68 x 10 ~6
5.57 x 10~5
2.76 xlO~ 4
2.05 x l 0 ~ 3
8.08 x 10~A
2.59 x l O - 5
2.42 XlO- 4
1.88 x l O - 4
1.96 XlO" 3
1.75 x 10 ~4
6.7xlO" 5
2.5xlO" 5
8.9 XlO" 5
2.83 xlO~ 4
3.77 XlO" 5
6.3OxIO- 6
5.8IxIO" 6
1.3IxIO- 4
5.11 x 10" 6
6.42 x 10 " 6
1.6OxIO- 4
5.56 x 10 " 6
2.74 x 10 " 4
1.22 x l O - 5
5.9OxIO" 4
3.83 x l O - 5
1.52 XlO" 3
1.00 x l O - 4
1.4xlO" 5
8.55 x l O - 5
4.55 x l O - 4
6.9xlO~ 6
4.39 x l O - 5
2.64 x l O - 4
1.93 x 10 " 5
6.7 x l O - 5
2.53 XlO" 4
4.4xlO" 4
6.79 x 10~6
6.85 x l O - 5
2.45 x l O - 4
1.05 x l O - 4
3.53 XlO" 4
1.003 XlO" 3
1.07 x l O - 4
9.1 x 10 " 5
1.02 XlO" 4
9.0 x 10- 4
1.945 XlO" 4
6.6xlO- 5
5.6 xlO~ 5
6.78 x l O - 5
4.73 x l O - 5
1.1 x l 0 ~ 5
3.0OxIO- 5
2.75 x l 0 ~ 5
2.6OxIO- 5
1.08 x l O " 4
3.527 x l O - 4
E2, (kj/mol)
Notes
78.8
a
m2
95.0
a,h
b
c
m2
129.9
124.7
a,h
h
102.9
143.5
X2
X2
X2
x2
X2
x2
a
a
a
a
a
a
Xi
X1
X1
a,h
a,h
h
m2
h
130
130
154.8
113.1
120.1
117.6
116.7
z (0.98)
z (4050)
z (0.98)
z (4050)
m2
z (0.98)
z (4050)
z (0.98)
z (6090)
Refs.
53
275
275
275
275
22
22
22
22
97
134
134
134
134
134
315
178
178
178
169
168
168
168
168
168
168
168
214
214
214
214
214
214
337
337
337
337
337
337
215
215
215
315
81
28
28
178
178
178
157
157
163
163
165
157
157
163,207
163,207
274
168
168
168
165
165
TABLE 6. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
12 (cont'd)
Initiator
tert-Butyl phenylperacetate
tert-Buty\ 2-propylperpenten-2-oate
(cw)
(trans)
Solvent
Octane
Paraffin oil
Tetradecane
Cumene
Cumene
tert-Butyl 2,2,3,3-tetramethylperpropionate
Cumene
tert-Butyl thiophenylperacetate
tert-Butyl per-o-toluate
ferf-Butyl per-paratoluate
Ethylbenzene
Benzene
Cumene
tert-Butyl-AH3-tolylperoxy)carbamate
Toluene
tert-Butyl 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyperacetate
4-Chlorocumyl perpropionate
Ethylbenzene
Benzene
a-Methylstyrene
Cumyl perpropionate
Benzene
a-Methylstyrene
4-Iodocumyl perpropionate
Benzene
a-Methylstyrene
4-Nitrocumyl perpropionate
Benzene
a-Methylstyrene
13
1,1,3-Trimethylbutyl perpivalate
Cumene
tert-Amyl per-2-ethylhexanoate
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
Benzyl(ter?-butylperoxy)oxalate
Benzene
T( 0 C)
77.5
85.0
77.3
94.9
100.1
100.1
100.1
110.1
94.9
100.1
100.1
100.1
110.1
42.2
54.9
70.3
70.5
97
84.0
99.3
115.0
64.0
70.7
78.0
88.5
70.5
70
80
90
70
80
90
70
80
90
70
80
90
70
80
90
70
80
90
70
80
90
70
80
90
40
50
60
70
70
73
91
111
T(K)
45
55
65
A^(S"1)
3.1IxIO"5
1.150 x 10~4
2.66 x 10 ~5
2.78 x 10 ~5
5.4 XlO" 5
4.26 x l 0 ~ 5
2.31 x 10~5
1.72 x l O - 4
2.47 x 10 ~5
4.7 x l O - 5
3.13 x l O - 5
1.42 x-K) - 5
1.64 x l O - 4
8.76 x l O " 6
5.84 x 10 ~5
3.36 x l O - 4
3.8 x 10 ~4
1.9xl0"5
1.660 x 10 ~6
1.139 x l O - 5
6.77 XlO" 5
4.58 x 10 " 5
9.17 x l O " 5
2.03 x l O - 4
5.78 x l O - 4
5.8 x l O " 5
1.46 x 10 " 6
5.68 x l O - 6
1.79 x l O " 5
1.50x 10" 6
4.54 x l O - 6
1.47 x l O - 5
2.6OxIO- 6
6.15 x l O - 6
1.90 x l O " 5
6.31 x 10 ~6
1.7IxIO- 5
4.94 x l O " 5
1.37 x 10~6
5.76 x l O - 6
1.79 x l O - 5
1.54 x 10~6
4.96 x l O - 6
1.62 x l O - 5
1.36 x 10 " 6
5.32 x l O " 6
1.78 x l O - 5
1.35 x 10~6
4.07 x l O - 6
1.43 x l O - 5
4.8OxIO- 6
1.77 x l O - 5
6.18 x l O " 5
2.344 x l O - 4
1.9xl0-5
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 x l O - 4
1.93 x l O - 3
1.77 x l O 1 5
3.65 x 10 " 5
1.33 x l O - 4
4.69 x l O - 4
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
137.2
h
z (0.98)
z (1100)
z (4000)
143.9
h
z (0.98)
z(llOO)
z (3830)
114
a
a
102.9
a
129.3
118.8
101.7
106.7
133.1
125.5
133.5
124.7
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
exp[- 132.1 l/RT]

111.3
c,h
c
c
Refs.
168
165
168
172
172
172
172
172
172
172
172
172
172
267
267
267
315
338
345
345
345
36
36
36
36
315
213
213
213
213
213
213
213
213
213
213
213
213
213
213
213
213
213
213
213
213
213
213
213
213
362
362
362
362
338
344
344
344
344
31
31
31
TABLE 6. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
13 (cont'd)
Initiator
Solvent
tert-Butyl benzyloxyperacetate
Ethylbenzene
tert-Butyl benzylthioperacetate
Ethylbenzene
tert-Butyl bicyclo[2.2.2]octane1-percarboxylate
Cumene
ter/-Butyl endo-bicyclo[2.2.1j-2methylheptane-2-percarboxylate
Cumene
tert-Butyl exo-bicyclo[2.2.1]2-methylheptane-2-percarboxylate
Cumene
tert-Butyl 1,4-dimethylcyclohexane1-percarboxylate (cis)
Cumene
(trans)
Cumene
tert-Butyl 3-methoxyphenylperacetate
Chlorobenzene
terf-Butyl 4- methoxyphenylperacetate
Chlorobenzene
Cumene
tert-Butyl 4-methylphenyl peracetate
Decane
Dodecane
Ethylbenzene
Isooctane
Octane
Paraffin oil
Tetradecane
Chlorobenzene
Cumene
Di-terr-butyl perglutarate
terf-Butylperoxy 2-ethylhexylcarbonate
Decane
Dodecane
Ethylbenzene
Hexadecane
Octane
Tetradecane
Styrene
Chlorobenzene
T( 0 C)
40.0
40.0
51.0
60.7
40.0
60.0
70.0
65
75
85
80
90
100
75
80
85
90
95
60
65
70
75
80
60.0
70.0
80.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
79.6
90.7
100.5
56.0
60.3
70.2
79.3
48.9
60
60
79.6
77.5
77.5
70.5
60.5
77.5
60.5
77.5
70.4
79.6
90.7
79.6
79.6
77.5
77.5
70.5
77.5
77.5
77.5
105
115
125
99
117
137
A:d (s"1)
1.3 x 10" 4
1.45 x l O - 4
5.03 XlO" 4
1.62 x l O - 3
2.60xl0~~5
3.31 x 10- 4
1.14 XlO" 3
7.5 x 10 ~6
2.82 x l O " 5
8.47 x l O " 5
5.IxIO"5
1.67 x l O - 4
4.86 XlO" 4
7.35 x 10 ~5
1.39 x 10 " 4
2.64 x l O - 4
4.81 x 10 " 4
8.41 x 10- 4
7.78 x 10 " 5
1.44 x 10 " 4
2.75 x l O " 4
4.89 XlO" 4
8.93 XlO" 4
7.52 x l O " 5
2.66 x 10 " 4
8.49 xlO~ 4
6.93 x 10 ~5
2.52 x l O " 4
7.79 x l 0 ~ 4
9.9xl0~5
3.45 x 10 ~4
1.051 x 10" 3
4.57 x 10 ~5
9.9xlO~ 5
3.06 x l O " 4
7.99 xlO~ 4
1.93 XlO" 5
6.85 x 10 ~5
5.31 x 10 ~5
5.942 x l O - 4
2.52 x 10 ~4
2.60xl0~ 4
1.4xlO~ 3
4.72 x 10 ~5
2.53 x 10 ~4
4.20 x l 0 ~ 5
2.68 x 10 ~4
8.67 x 10 ~5
2.37 xlO~ 4
7.95 xlO~ 4
1.649 x 10 ~4
1.180xl0~ 4
9.08 x 10 ~5
8.57 x l 0 ~ 5
7.2xlO~ 4
1.032 x 10 ~4
8.83 x 10 ~5
7.75 x 10 ~5
2.65 x 10 ~5
1.06 xlO~ 4
3.0OxIO- 4
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 x 10 ~4
1.93 x l 0 ~ 3
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
100.6
101.8
a,h
h,m2
108.1
h,m2
119.2
120.1
126.8
116.7
115.2
c
h
116.3
c
c,h
c
122.2
105.4
k
z (0.98)
z (4050)
Refs.
315
328
328
328
328
328
328
160
160
160
223
223
223
206
206
206
206
206
206
206
206
206
206
206
206
206
206
206
206
178
178
178
178
178
178
178
249
207
207
207
104.8
a,h
110.9
z (0.98)
z (6080)
Xi
X1
168
168
315
169
168
169
168
178
178
178
207
207
168
168
315
168
168
168
215
215
215
344
344
344
TABLE 6.
cont'd
Number of
C atoms
13 (cont'd)
14
Initiator
terf-Butylperoxy 2-ethylhexylcarbonate
terr-Butyl 2-phenylperpropionate
Solvent
T(K)
4.07 xlO 1 6
Cumene
40.7
60.1
80.1
40.8
54.7
70.7
40.0
95
114
135
T(K)
45
55
65
95
113
134
T (K)
54.7
70.2
85.4
70.8
85.4
101.0
40.0
7.88 x 10 " 6
8.44 x l O - 5
8.1OxIO- 4
6.15 x 10~6
3.82 x 10 ~5
2.73xlO- 4
2.62 x 10 " 5
1.93 x 10 " 5
1.93XlO" 4
1.93 x l O - 3
1.94 xlO 1 5
1.3OxIO" 5
4.89 x 10 " 5
1.89 x l O - 4
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 x l O " 4
1.93 x l O " 3
2.22 x 1016
4.38 x 1O -6
3.56 x l O - 5
2.44 x l O - 4
1.48 x 10 " 5
8.07 x 10" 5
4.38 x l O " 4
7.2xlO-4
50.0
50.0
50.0
60.0
67.0
50.0
60.0
67.0
50.0
60.0
67.0
99.6
109.8
99.6
109.8
34.1
39.7
47
46
64
84
T (K)
50.0
50.0
50.0
60.0
67.0
67.0
84.0
99.3
115.0
113.0
120.0
130.0
140.0
2.55 x 10 " 4
2.03 x 10 " 4
7.98 x 10~5
2.68 x l O - 4
6.36 x l O - 4
8.0OxIO- 5
2.56 x l O " 4
5.96 x l O - 4
8.1OxIO- 5
2.65 x l O - 4
5.95 x l O " 4
1.23 x 10 " 4
3.7OxIO- 4
3.5 x 10~5
1.03 x l O - 4
3.26 x 10 ~5
5.63 x 10" 5
1.9xlO- 5
1.93 x 10 " 5
1.93 x l O " 4
1.93 x l O " 3
1.52 x 1014
7.5OxIO- 5
6.4OxIO" 5
2.63 x 10- 5
9.27 x l O - 5
2.03 x l O " 4
1.98 x 10 - 4
1.464 x 10 " 5
9.94 XlO" 5
6.7 x l O - 5
8.67 x l O " 5
2.49 x 10 ~4
7.49 x l O " 4
2.22 x l O - 3
Cumene
terf-Butylthiobenzylperacetate
tert-Butyl peroxy-3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate
Ethylbenzene
Chlorobenzene
4-Nitrobenzyl(terf-butylperoxy)oxalate
Benzene
2-ethylhexyl-
Chlorobenzene
tert-Butyl di-terf-butylperacetate
Cumene
terf-Butyl 2-carbomethoxyphenylperacetate
Cumene
terf-Butyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)2-methylperpropionate
tert-Butyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)2-methylperpropionate
Ethylbenzene
Acetonitrile
Benzene
Dodecane
Hexadecane
Octane
tert-Butyl a-methylpercinnamate
(cis)
(trans)
kd (s'1)
Chlorobenzene
tert-Butyl 2,2,4,4-tetramethylperbutyrate
terf-Amylperoxy
carbonate
T(0C)
Cumene
Cumene
tert-Butyl 2-methyl-2-phenylperpropionate
tert-Butyl perneodecanoate
Chlorobenzene
Cumene
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
tert-Butyl 2-(4-nitrophenyl)2-methylperpropionate
Acetonitrile
Benzene
Dodecane
tert-Butyl permesitoate
Octane
Cumene
tert-Butyl 1-phenylcyclopropylpercarboxylate
rc-Dodecane
Ethylbenzene
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
exp[-151.72/RT]
344
111
100.6
a,h
exp[- 140.78/K7]
116.7
c,h
c
c
exp[- 148.41/#7]
125.3
116.9
108.1
128.0
f,h
f
f,h
f
125.5
exp[- 115 A7/RT]

105.2
147.5
Refs.
h,t i
ti
ti
273
273
273
267
267
267
315
344
344
344
344
31
31
31
344
344
344
344
245
245
245
257
257
257
315
265
265
265
265
265
265
265
265
265
265
265
150
150
150
150
249
249
338
344
344
344
344
265
265
265
265
265
265
345
345
345
255
323
323
323
TABLE 6. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
14 (cont'd)
Initiator
tert-Butyl 1-phenylcyclopropylpercarboxylate
Solvent
2,2,4-Trimethyl pentane
tert-Butyl phenyldimethylperacetate
Chlorobenzene
Isooctane
tert-Butyl 2-phenyl-3-perbutenoate
tert-Butyl 4-phenyl-3-perbutenoate
tert-Butyl 2-phenyl-2-methylperpropionate
Chlorohenzene
Chlorobenzene
Acetonitrile
Benzene
Benzophenone
Benzyl benzoate
Butyl phthalate
Chlorobenzene
Cumene
Dodecane
tert-Butyl 4-vinylphenylperacetate
Hexadecane
Methyl benzoate
Octyl phthalate
Toluene
Cumene
Dibenzyl peroxalate
Di-tert-butyl adipate
Pentane
Styrene
Dicyclohexyl peroxydicarbonate
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
a-Methylstyrene
Mineral spirits
15
4-Methoxybenzyl (tert-butylperoxy)oxalate
Benzene
1-Methyl-1-phenylethyl 2,2-dimethylperoxyporpionate
Cumene
tert-Amy\ perneodecanoate
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
Dibenzoyl monopercarbonate
tert-Butyl 1-adamantylpercarboxylate
Benzene
Cumene
T( 0 C)
102.6
113.0
120.4
60
40.6
60.6
60.6
60
60
50.0
50.0
60
60
60
60
60
50.0
60.0
67.0
60
60
60
60
60
70.9
85.4
100.3
25
105
115
125
50
44
60
77
T (K)
50
45
50
60
45
55
65
40
50
60
70
45
43
61
81
T (K)
60.00
45
55
65
64.6
74.6
84.6
60
70
80
^d(S" 1 )
2.53 x 10 ~5
8.96 x 10 ~5
2.04 xlO~ 4
9.6xlO~ 4
2.95 x 10 ~5
3.059 xlO~ 4
4.064 xlO~ 4
2.9xlO~ 3
1.15 x 10 ~4
3.08 x 10 " 4
2.18 xlO~ 4
7.73 x 10 ~A
7.92 x 10 ~4
6.5 x 10 ~4
7.00xl0~ 4
5.25 x 10 ~4
8.77 x 10 ~5
3.00xl0~ 4
7.13 xlO~ 4
2.88 xlO~ 4
3.53 x 10 ~4
7.55 x 10 ~4
5.70xl0~ 4
5.66 x 10 ~4
5.54 x 10 " 5
3.00xl0~ 4
1.48 x l 0 ~ 3
6.7 x 10 ~5
3.50xl0~ 5
1.23 xlO~ 4
3.05 xlO~ 4
5.4xlO~ 5
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 x l 0 ~ 4
1.93 x l 0 ~ 3
3.3 x 1016
5.9xlO~ 5
2.78 x 10 ~5
5.58 xlO~ 4
2.07 xlO~ 4
6.69 x 10 ~5
2.48 x 10 ~A
8.27 xlO~ 4
6.91 x 10 ~6
2.80 x 10 ~5
1.032 xlO~ 4
3.57 x l O - 4
1.9xl0~ 5
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 xlO~ 4
1.93 x l O - 3
1.47 x 1014
8.05 x 10 ~5
5.15 x 10 ~5
2.05 x 10 ~5
7.4OxIO- 5
6.87xl0-5
2.44 xlO~ 4
7.78 x l O - 4
5.4 x l O - 5
2.12 x l O - 4
7.20xl0~ 4
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
141.2
109.2
96.2
98.3
c,h
t9
t9
m2
c,h
c,h,g
109.3
t 12
116.5
h,k
k
151.0
X2
X1
X1
c
exp[- 129.0/RT]
117
109.6
a
a
a
c,h
c
c
exp[- 114.38/K7]
116.5
115.5
h
h
116.7
124.7
Refs.
255
255
255
81
165
165
165
81
81
265
265
334
334
334
334
334
265
265
265
334
334
334
334
334
254
254
254
203
215
215
215
201
344
344
344
344
201
337
337
337
31
31
31
368
368
368
368
338
344
344
344
344
280
160
160
160
159
159
159
223
223
223
TABLE 6.
Number of
C atoms
15 (cont'd)
cont'd
Initiator
tert-Butyl 4-(carboethoxy)phenoxyperacetate
tert-Butyl a,p-dimethylpercinnamate (cis)
Solvent
Ethylbenzene
(trans)
tert-Butyl 1-pernaphthoate
tert-Butyl 2,2-dimethyl3-phenylthio perpropionate
Chlorobenzene
Cyclohexane
tert-Butyl 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)2-methylperpropionate
Acetonitrile
Benzene
Dodecane
tert-Butyl 1-phenylcyclo-n-Dodecane
butylpercarboxylate
tert-Butyl 4-tert-butylperbenzoate
Chlorobenzene
Di-tert-butyl perpimelate
Styrene
tert-Butyl 2-(4-tolyl)2-methylperpropionate
Acetonitrile
Benzene
Dodecane
tert-Butyl triisopropylperacetate
16
Octane
52.3
Ethylbenzene
n-Hexadecane
2,2,4-trimethyl pentane
Octane
Cumene
l,l-Dimethyl-2-phenylethylperpivalate
Cumene
1-Phenylethyl 4-methoxyperacetate
1-Phenylethyl 3-nitroperbenzoate
1-Phenylethyl 4-nitroperbenzoate
1-Phenylethyl perbenzoate
Dibenzyl peroxydicarbonate
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
Di-tert-butyl2-iodoperisophthalate
Chlorobenzene
Di-tert-butyl perphthalate
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
T( 0 C)
70.5
95.0
103.2
110.1
85.1
95.0
103.7
110.0
110.0
110.1
55
65
75
50
50
40
50
57
50
7.89 x 10 ~5
60.0
52.3
52.3
61.6
100.1
119.8
135.9
105
115
125
50.0
50.0
50.0
60.0
67.0
60.0
24.8
41.6
55.2
40
50
60
70
99.7
100
100
100
40
50
60
68.4
85.4
101.6
100
115
130
100
115
130
107
125
146
T(K)
A^(S"1)
Ea (kj/mol)
1.6xlO~ 4
1.02 xlO~ 4
2.29 x 10 ~4
5.15xlO- 4
3.9xl0~5
1.17xlO- 4
2.84xlO~4
6.05xl0-4
7.9OxIO- 4
8.69 x l 0 ~ 5
1.63 x 10 ~5
1.61 x 10 ~5
1.98xlO- 4
1.675 x 10 ~3
9.96 x 10 ~A
1.49 x l O " 4
4.21 x IO- 4
1.028 XlO" 3
4.18 xlO~ 4
3.62 x 10 " 4
8.80xl0~ 5
7.69 x 10 ~5
2.46x10-4
3.81 x 10 ~5
4.5OxIO- 4
2.38 x l 0 ~ 3
4.45 x 10 ~5
1.05x10-4
5.06x10-4
6.0OxIO" 4
3.85 x 10 " 4
1.9OxIO- 4
5.58 xlO~ 4
1.32OxlO" 3
5.43 x 10 " 4
5.32 x 10~6
6.84 x l O - 5
3.78 XlO" 4
4.56 x 10~6
1.833 x 10~5
6.1 x 10 ~5
2.5IxIO-4
3.50xl0"4
5.97 x 10 ~4
4.10xl0~4
4.03 x 10 ~4
2.0xl0"5
6.25 x l O - 5
2.67 x l O - 4
8.24 x 10~5
4.45 x l O - 4
1.68 x l O " 3
1.1 x 10 ~5
7.8IxIO-5
4.8IxIO"4
1.08 x 10 " 5
7.8 x l O " 5
4.8 XlO" 4
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 x l O - 4
1.93 x l O - 3
9.39 xlO 1 6
118.8
122.6
116.9
Notes
a
315
a,h
a
a
a,h
a
a
a
a,v6
151
151
151
151
151
151
151
151
154
320
320
320
265
265
265
265
265
265
h,t6
t6
93.0
255
ti
110.6
150.6
Xi
X1
X1
100.6
111.5
134.1
136.2
146.2
123.6
117
h
h
h
h
a
a
a
h
93.9
159
155.0
exp[-157.85/^7]
Refs.
a
a
a
h
323
255
255
255
134
134
134
215
215
215
265
265
265
265
265
265
267
267
267
362
362
362
362
259
259
259
259
337
337
337
248
248
248
337
337
337
269
269
269
344
344
344
344
TABLE 6. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
16 (cont'd)
Initiator
Di-tert-butyl perphthalate
Cumene
terr-Butyl 1-phenyl-l-cyclopentane percarboxylate

terf-Butyl 2,3-dimethyl2-phenylperbutyrate
Cumyl 7V-phenylperoxy carbamate
Dibenzyl peroxydicarbonate
Di-terr-butyl perphthalate
Di-tert-bxxty\ persuberate
17
Solvent
^d(S1)
6
Ethylbenzene
99.9
115.0
130.1
60.0
8.34 x 10"
4.68 XlO- 5
2.6OxIO- 4
1.52 x 10 ~3
Ethylbenzene
50
4.3OxIO- 5
T(K)
50
100
115
130
115
125
43.5
52.3
60
70
80
10
35
10
10
100
1.26 x l O 1 4
2.92 x 10 " 5
1.08 x 10 " 5
7.83 x l O - 5
4.8OxIO- 4
7.86 x 10 ~5
2.8IxIO-4
1.184 x l O " 4
3.51 x 10 ~4
1.9xlO~ 5
5.3OxIO- 5
1.38 x l O " 4
4.5 x 10~4
1.9 x l O - 3
6.4X10" 4
5.IxIO"4
2.16 x l O " 3
79.6
70.6
80.3
100.5
60.0
43.5
52.3
61.6
25
40
25
40
25
40
39.3
53.8
53.8
70.0
25
40
25
40
25
40
25
40
25
40
25
40
105
119.4
135.1
105
115
125
98
116
137
T (K)
2.38 x 10 " 5
9.44 x 10 ~6
2.8OxIO- 5
3.09 x l O - 4
1.9OxIO- 3
1.27 x 10 ~4
3.91 x 10 ~4
1.218 x l O - 3
1.89 x 10 ~5
1.22 x l O - 4
1.01 x 10 ~4
5.44 XlO" 4
5.26 x 10~5
3.24 x l O - 4
4.98 x 10 ~5
5.23 x l O ~ 4
4.58 x l O - 4
2.62 x l O " 3
1.76 XlO" 5
1.03 x l O - 4
9.8X10" 7
6.9 x l O - 6
1.11 x l O ~ 4
6.02 x 10 " 4
2.31 x 10~4
1.65 x l O " 3
1.33 x 10" 4
7.25 XlO" 4
8.21 x 10~4
4.75 x l O " 3
2.79 x 10 ~5
1.29 x 10 " 4
6.07 x l O - 4
5.13 x 10~5
1.2OxIO- 4
5.1OxIO- 4
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 x l O - 4
1.93 x l O - 3
1.35 x 10 16
Xylene
Toluene
Benzene
Styrene
tert-Butyl 1-phenylcyclopentylpercarboxylate
1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutylper-2-ethylhexanoate
Benzene
2-Phenylazo-2-propylperbenzoate
Chlorobenzene
1-Phenylethyl 4-dimethylaminoperbenzoate
Di-terf-butylperhomoterephthalate
J( 0 C)
/7-Chlorotoluene
Chloroform-di
Benzene
Cumene
Toluene
tert-Butyl 1-phenylcyclohexanepercarboxylate
Ethylbenzene
tert-Butyl 2-(phenylthio)perbenzoate
Acetone
Acetonitrile
terf-Butanol
Chlorobenzene
Cyclohexane
DMSO
Ethanol
Isopropanol
Methanol
terf-Butyldibenzothiophene-4-percarboxylate
Chlorobenzene
Di-tert-butyl perazelate
Styrene
Chlorobenzene
E* (kj/mol)
Notes
140.8
ti
Refs.
269
269
269
323
324
exp[- U1.6/RT]
157.7
159.0
103.5
a
a
a
a
Xi
Xi
h
101
a
a
a
111.5
122.3
107.7
m2
ITi2
m2
m2
m2
m2
b
m2
128.0
154.8
exp[- 141.95/RT]
m2
m2
m2
m2
m2
m2
m2
m2
m2
m2
m2
m2
h
40
90
126
126
126
215
215
255
255
337
337
337
260
260
260
260
259
272
272
272
272
323
255
255
255
22
22
22
22
22
22
134
134
134
134
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
215
215
215
344
344
344
344
TABLE 6. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
18
Initiator
tert-Butyl 4-benzoylperbenzoate
terf-Butyl diphenylperacetate
2,4,4-Trimethylpentyl2-perneodecanoate
a,co-Di-0,O-ter?-butyl-(bispersuccinyl)ethylene glycol
tert-Buty\ 1-phenyl-l-cycloheptanepercarboxylate
Di-tert-buty\ /?-phenylenediperacetate
tert-Buty\ 2-(phenylthiomethyl)perbenzoate
tert-Buty\ thioxanthone-4-percarboxylate
Di-tert-butyl persebacate
Di-(2-ethylhexyl)peroxydicarbonate
Solvent
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
Chlorobenzene
Cumene
Decane
Dodecane
Hexadecane
Octane
tetradecane
Chlorobenzene
Ethylbenzene
Ethylbenzene
Cumene
Chlorobenzene
Chlorobenzene
Styrene
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
Decane
Mineral spirits
19
Di--heptyl persuccinate
Styrene
tert-BxAy\ diphenylmethylperacetate
terr-Butyl diphenylperglycidate
(cis)
Chlorobenzene
Cumene
(trans)
tert-Buty\ 2,2-diphenylperpropionate
tert-Butyl 4-hydroxy-3,5-di(tert-butyl)perbenzoate
tert-Butyl 4-(4-methylbenzoyl)perbenzoate
Cumene
Chlorobenzene
Benzene
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
T( 0 C)
kd (s"1)
Ea (kj/mol)
25
110
60
40.3
49.6
59.9
70.4
77.5
77.5
77.5
77.5
77.5
40
57
76
T (K)
1.84 x 10 ~4
2.88 x 10 ~5
4.44 x 10 ~4
2.75 x 10 " 5
9.81xl0"5
3.10xl0"4
1.04 XlO- 3
1.66 x l O " 3
1.688 x l O " 3
1.632 x 10~3
1.651 x 10" 3
1.627 x 10 ~3
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 x 10 " 4
1.93 XlO" 3
3.97 x 1014
95
105
115
2.68 x 10 " 6
9.10xl0"6
2.97 XlO" 5
60.0
2.75 x 10 ~3
70.9
85.4
100.3
98.7
120.1
120
135
105
115
125
3.69 x 10 ~5
2.08 XlO" 4
8.83 x l O " 4
4.64 x 10 " 5
4.2OxIO" 4
1.89 x 10 " 4
1.15 x l O " 3
5.10xl0~ 5
1.2Ox 10" 4
5.0OxIO" 4
40
47
64
83
T (K)
30
45
60
40
50
60
60
73.5
85
1.9xlO~ 5
1.93 x 10 " 5
1.93 XlO" 4
1.93 XlO" 3
1.83 x 1015
5.3xl0"6
3.31xl0~ 5
2.32 XlO- 4
1.3xl0" 5
6.14 xlO" 5
2.3IxIO- 4
6.IxIO"" 6
3.85xl0- 5
1.70 XlO" 4
60
60.0
70.0
80.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
34.1
100
100
25
110
1.9xl0" 3
2.8xl0"5
5.5 x l 0 ~ 5
1.68 x l O " 4
1.6 x l O " 5
3.9 XlO" 5
1.20 XlO" 4
7.76 x 10 ~5
3.18 x
3.60 x
1.45 x
3.03 x
10 ~5
10 ~5
10 " 4
10 ~5
Notes
p2
101.7
104.6
a,h
h
exp[- 115.19/RT\
147.5
Refs.
279
279
81
136
136
136
136
168
168
168
168
168
344
344
344
344
306
306
306
323
112.7
134.7
156.5
154.8
h,k
k
k
h
h,m2
m2
Xi
Xi
Xi
a
exp[- 122.45//?7]
105
126
131.0
a
a
a
a
a
a
Xi
X1
X1
103.3
112.1
a,h
h
117.2
c,e
c,e
p2
254
254
254
154
154
22
22
215
215
215
338
344
344
344
344
337
337
337
337
337
337
215
215
215
81
204
204
204
204
204
204
249
246
246
279
279
TABLE 6. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
19 (cont'd)
20
21
22
23
Initiator
ten-Butyl a-phenylpercinnamate
(cw)
(trans)
Cumene
Cumene
Cumyl perneodecanoate
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
Di-rc-heptyl peradipate
Styrene
tert-Butyl 2-carbobenzoxyphenylperacetate
Cumene
tert-Butyl 2-methyl-2-phenylperhexanoate
oc,co-Di-0,O-tert-butyl-(bispersuccinyl)diethylene glycol
Ethylbenzene
Ethylbenzene
tert-Butyl
8-(phenylthio)1-pernaphthoate
Chlorobenzene
tert-Butyl 4-(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)perbenzoate
tert-Butyl
2,2-diphenyl3,3-dimethylperbutanoate
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
Toluene (?)
Di-tert-butyl 2-thiophenylperisophthalate
Chlorobenzene
2,5-Dimethylhexyl
2,5-di(peroxybenzoate)
Benzene
Di-(4-tert-butylcyclohexyl)peroxydicarbonate
Chlorobenzene
tert-Butyl 2,6-di(phenylthio)perbenzoate
tert-Butylperoxy stearyl carbonate
Chlorobenzene
tert-Butyl 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylperbenzoate
24
Solvent
tert-Butyl
triphenylperacetate
Chlorobenzene
Cumene
Chlorobenzene
Cumene
Di-tert-butyl 2,3-diphenylpersuccinate
Cumene
Di-rc-heptyl persebacate
Styrene
2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-bis(2-ethylhexanoylperoxy)hexane
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
T( 0 C)
A:d (s"1)
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
136.8
133.9
99.6
109.8
99.6
109.8
39
39
56
75
T(K)
60
73.5
85
71.0
85.4
102.4
50
1.52 x 10~4
4.4IxIO"4
8.2 x 10~5
2.59 x 10 ~4
1.9xl0~ 5
1.93 x 10 " 5
1.93 xlO~ 4
1.93 x l 0 ~ 3
3.12 xlO 1 4
1.02 x 10 ~5
6.57 x l O " 5
2.98 x l O - 4
8.84 x 10" 6
5.46 x 10 ~5
4.23 x l O - 4
5.01 x 10 " 5
95
105
115
50
70
70
80
25
110
30
39.7
50
12.1
25.0
40.0
100
115
130
48
64
82
T (K)
40.1
2.34 x 10 ~6
155.0
8.88 x 10 ~6
3.27 x l O - 5
3.83 x 10 ~5
99.2
3.44 x 10~4
3.12 x l O " 4
9.82 x l O - 4
1.34 x 10 ~4
1.8OxIO- 5
2.76 x 10 ~5
114.8
1.15 x 10 ~4
5.45 x l O - 4
1.68 x l O " 4
73.7
6.45 x 10 ~4
3.09 x l O - 3
1.87 x l 0 ~ 5
154.0
1.25 x 10 ~4
7.14 xlO~ 4
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 x 10 ~4
1.93 XlO" 3
7.44 x 1015
exp[- 12639/RT]
7.07 x l O " 5
98
117
137
T (K)
70.4
84.0
99.3
115.0
34.9
25.7
34.9
45.5
70.1
79.9
90.0
60
73.5
85
60
70
80
68
86
1.93XlO" 5
1.93 x l O - 4
1.93 XlO" 3
3.94 x 1016
5.84 x 10 " 6
3.54 x 10 " 5
2.67 x l O - 4
1.656 x l O " 3
7.8xlO" 4
1.7 x l O " 4
5.8 XlO" 4
2.3 XlO" 3
9.83 x 10 ~5
3.29 x 10 " 4
1.20 x l O " 3
1.17xlO" 5
7.13 x l O - 5
3.03 xlO~ 5
6.7xlO~ 6
2.92 x 10 " 5
1.14 XlO" 4
1.93 x 10 " 5
1.93 x l O " 4
exp[-114.59//?7]
133.1
129.5
Xi
Xi
X1
h
h,m2
m2
m2
p2
J2
J2
k
h
a
a
a
exp[- 151.59/RT]
100.8
125.5
c,h
c
c
xi
Xi
X1
a
a
a
131.0
142
Refs.
150
150
150
150
338
344
344
344
344
215
215
215
257
257
257
324
306
306
306
154
154
154
154
279
279
250
250
250
248
248
248
126,337
126,337
126,337
344
344
344
344
154
344
344
344
344
345
345
345
345
153
153
153
153
196
196
196
215
215
215
337
337
337
344
344
TABLE 6. cont'd
Number of
C atoms
24 (cont'd)
25
Initiator
Solvent
2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-bis(2-ethylhexanoylperoxy)hexane
tert-Butyl 2-(2,2-diphenylvinyl)perbenzoate
Chlorobenzene
Chlorobenzene
Cyclohexane
Methanol
tert-Butyl 2-percarboxybenzalfluorene
26
30
oc,co-Di-0,0-caprylyl-(bis
succinyl)ethylene glycol
Chlorobenzene
Methanol
Ethylbenzene
oc,co-Di-0,O-caprylyl-(bispersuccinyl)triethylene glycol
Ethylbenzene
Dimyristyl peroxydicarbonate
Chlorobenzene
34
Dicetyl peroxydicarbonate
Chlorobenzene
36
oc,0)-Di-0,0-heptanoyl-(bisperphthaloyl)triethylene glycol
Ethylbenzene
42
oc,co-Di-0,0-caprylyl-(bispersuccinyl)nonaethylene glycol
Ethylbenzene
46
a,oo-Di-0,0-heptanoyl-(bisperphthaloyl)tridecaethylene
glycol
a,ca-Di-O,O-caprylyl-(bispersuccinyl)tridecaethylene glycol
Ethylbenzene
50
TABLE 7.
Ethylbenzene
T( 0 C)
106
T(K)
90.0
90.3
100.0
105.5
119.3
90.0
90.4
*d (s" 1 )
1.93
2.19
1.32
7.45
3.27
4.64
1.54
3.5
2.3
x 10 ~3
x 1015
x 10~4
x 10~5
xlO"4
XlO" 4
xlO-3
x 10 ~5
x 10~3
90
90
3.75 x 10 ~4
2.47 x 10 ~3
65
75
85
95
65
75
85
95
48
65
84
T (K)
48
65
84
T (K)
65
75
85
95
65
75
85
95
75
85
95
65
75
85
1.48 x 10~5
4.10xl0"5
2.19 x l O - 4
6.92 x l O - 4
2.74 x 10 ~5
8.47 x 10 " 5
2.95 x l O - 4
8.92 x l O - 4
1.93 x 10 " 5
1.93 x l O - 4
1.93 x l O " 3
2.82 x 10 15
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 x l O - 4
1.93 x l O - 3
3.02 x 1015
5.02 x IO ~5
1.420 x 10 ~4
5.19 x l O - 4
1.410 x l O " 3
1.66 x 1O~5
6.57 x 10 " 5
1.78 XlO" 4
9.72 x l O - 4
1.13OxIO- 4
3.5OxIO" 4
8.80xl0~ 4
1.28 x l 0 ~ 5
4.46 x 10 ~5
1.91 x l O ~ 4
Ea (kj/mol)
Notes
Refs.
344
344
175
175
175
175
175
175
175
exp[- 130.SS/RT]
t9
t9
t9
t9
175
175
120.7
306
306
306
306
306
306
306
306
344
344
344
344
344
344
344
344
306
306
306
306
306
306
306
306
306
306
306
306
306
306
116.9
exp[- 124.10/RT]
exp[- 124.30/RT]
124.4
116.9
122.3
128.2
MISCELLANEOUS INITIATORS
Initiator
Solvent
Acetyl cyclohexyl sulfonyl peroxide
Benzene
AH1-Cyanocyclohexyl)pentamethylene keteneimine
Chlorobenzene
Dibenzyl hyponitrite
Paraffin
T ( 0 C)
30
40
45
80.0
89.2
100.1
61.5
68.5
75.5
80.5
132
^d(S1)
1.4XlO" 5
9.42 x l 0 ~ 5
2.10xl0~4
3.25 x 10 ~6
1.007 x l 0 ~ 5
4.025 XlO" 5
6.5 x 10~4
3.7 x l 0 ~ 3
8.3 x l O - 3
1.45 x l O ~ 2
8.7XlO- 1
a (kj/mol)
Notes
147
a
a
a
Refs.
337
337
337
179
179
179
240
240
240
240
240
TABLE 7. cont'd
Initiator
Di-terf-butyl hyponitrite
Peroxybenzoylnitrate
Solvent
tert-Butanol
rc-Butyl ether
Ethanol(95%)
Isooctane
Nujol
Vapor
Vapor + NO
Vapor + NO
2,3-Dimethyl-2,3-diphenylbutane
Chlorobenzene
3,4-Dimethyl-3,4-diphenylhexane
Chlorobenzene
l,4-Dimethyl-l,4-diphenyl-tetrazene-2
Benzophenone
Cumene
Paraffin
Siliconeoil
Potassium persulfate
0.1 M NaOH
Water (pH 3)
Water
1-Pentanesulfonylazide
1,4-Butanedisulfonyl azide
1,6-Hexanedisulfonyl azide
1,9-Nonanedisulfonyl azide
Diphenyl ether
Diphenyl ether
Diphenyl ether
Diphenyl ether
1,10-Decanedisulfonyl azide
l,4-Dimethylcyclohexane-a,a'-disulfonyl azide
Diphenyl ether
Diphenyl ether
T( 0 C)
65
65
65
45
55
65
75
65
7.6
19.9
30.4
40.6
50.1
60.5
T(K)
18.1
30.4
40.6
T (K)
30.4
50.2
68.5
T(K)
237
259
284
T(K)
201
226
254
T(K)
121
149
120
130
140
164.2
174.3
186
194
126
139
50
60
70
80
90
50
80
80
40
50
60
50
60
70
50
166
163
163
150
160
170
163
163
kd (s" 1 )
Ea (kj/mol)
4.68 x 10 " 4
4.50 x 10 " 4
3.93 x 10 ~4
2.72 xlO~ 5
116.9
1.07 x l O - 4
4.0OxIO" 4
1.33OxIO-3
5.17 x 10~4
2.79 x 10 ~6
69.1
1.05 x l O - 5
2.02 XlO" 5
3.64 x l O - 5
1.21 x 10- 4
2.74 XlO" 4
1 x 107
exp[-69.1//?7]
8.18 xlO" 5
108.5
3.62 XlO" 4
1.42 x l O - 3
1.6 x 1015
exp[- 108.5/RT]
1.34 x l 0 ~ 5
79.2
7.22 x l O - 5
3.41 x 10" 4
6.3 x l O - 8
exp[-79.2/i?n
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 x l O " 4
1.93 x l O - 3
7.34 xlO 1 8
exp[-230.19//?n
1.93 x 10 ~5
1.93 x l O - 4
1.93 x l 0 ~ 3
1.45 xlO 1 5
exp[- IS032/RT]
3.3xl0"4
3.45 x l 0 ~ 3
2.3xlO" 4
6.5 x l O - 4
1.67 XlO" 3
2.6xlO- 2
5.6 x l O - 2
1.43XlO"1
2.5XlO- 1
3.7xlO" 4
1.92 x l O - 3
9.5 x 10 ~7
140.2
3.16 xlO~ 6
2.33 x l O - 5
9.16 XlO" 5
3.5 x l O - 4
1.66 x 10 ~6
6.89 x 10~5
5.78 x l O - 5
1.65 xlO" 2
83.4
4.02 x l O " 2
1.08XlO"1
3.78 XlO" 3
121.5
2.18 x l O - 2
5.01xl0~ 2
1.1 x 10- 6
4.46 x 10 " 4
5.02 x 10 " 4
5.02 x 10 ~4
8.84 x 10 " 5
2.25 xlO" 4
4.45 x l O - 4
4.45 x 10 ~4
4.82 x 10" 4
Notes
a
a
a
a
a
a
a,vn
a,v u
d 3 ,v 22
d 3 ,v 22
d 3 ,v 22
d 3 ,v 23
d 3 ,v 23
d 3 ,v 23
Refs.
317
317
317
317
317
317
317
317
261
261
261
261
261
261
261
261
261
261
261
261
261
261
261
344
344
344
344
344
344
344
344
240
240
240
240
240
240
240
240
240
240
240
242
242
242
242
242
242
115
115
262
262
262
262
262
262
262
166
166
166
166
166
166
166
166
ro-Xylene-a,a'-disulfonyl azide
p-Xylene-oôc'-disulfonyl azide
Benzenesulfonyl azide
Diphenyl ether
Diphenyl ether
Naphthalene
/7-Bromobenzenesulfonyl azide
p-Chlorobenzenesulfonyl azide
p-Methoxybenzenesulfonylazide
p-Nitrobenzenesulfonyl azide
p-Toluenesulfonyl azide
Naphthalene
Naphthalene
Naphthalene
Naphthalene
1,4-Dichlorobutane
Dimethyl terephthalate
Diphenyl ether
p-Toluenesulfonyl-p-tolylsulfone
Hexanoic acid
Naphthalene
Nitrobenzene
1-Octanol
Tetradecane
Acetonitrile
Dioxane
163
163
110
120
125
130
175
120
120
120
120
145
155
130
145
155
155
120
155
155
155
29.3
39.1
49.3
29.3
39.5
49.3
6.09 x 10 ~4
5.78 x 10 ~4
3.6xlO" 6
1.07 x l O - 5
1.97xlO- 5
3.41xl0"5
6.08 x l O - 5
1.36 x 10 ~5
1.15 x 10 " 5
1.31 x 10 ~5
1.6OxIO" 5
1.7OxIO- 4
3.23 x 10 ~4
3.30 x 10~5
1.44 XlO" 4
3.43 x l O " 4
2.97 x 10 ~4
1.12 x l O " 5
3.97 x 10 ~4
3.63 x 10" 4
3.80 x 10 ~4
3.9xl0-5
1.45 x l O - 4
5.4 XlO" 4
2.IxIO-5
1.01 x l O - 4
3.9 x 10 ~4
152.3
103.8
115.5
166
166
235
235
235
235
235
235
235
235
235
166
166
166
166
166
166
235
166
166
166
144
144
144
144
144
144
C. NOTES
a
/cd converted to s" 1 from author's units
b
kd values for several concentrations averaged
t)2 analyzed from nonisothermal conditions
c
kd increases with increasing initiator concentration
c 2 rate non-linear
c3 hydroperoxide concentration 7.83 x 10~ 3 mol/1
C4 hydroperoxide concentration 2.50 x 10~ 3 mol/1
d
kd decreases with increasing initiator concentration
d2 after 1st half life; rate slower initially
d3 rate is second order: units are 1/mol sec.
e fcd listed is for lowest initiator concentration
f
&d is extrapolated value for zero initiator
concentration
g
kd ^ has been corrected for induced decomposition
g2 corrected for uncatalysed reaction (7 x 10 ~5 s" 1 )
h
AH (not E2)
i
pressure (number gives mbar)
j
iodometric analysis
j 2 manometer measurement
k
infrared analysis
1
kd is limiting value with respect to additive
concentration
mi 3,4-dichlorostyrene added to minimize induced
decomposition
m2 styrene added to minimize induced decomposition
ni3 methyl methacrylate added to minimize induced
decomposition
ni4 isobutene added to minimize induced decomposition
m5 acenaphthalene added to minimize induced
decomposition
m 6 1 mol/1 oc-methylstyrene added to minimize induced
decomposition
mj butadiene added to minimize induced decomposition
mg acrylonitrile added to minimize induced
decomposition
n
trichloroacetic acid added
n2 3.2wt.% or about 0.1 monolayer
o
addition of trichloroacetic acid did not affect kd
p
degassed
p 2 photochemical benzophenone added: 6.56 x 10 17
quants/min @ 366 nm
q
addition of trichloroacetic acid increased kd several
fold
q 2 pH 2.90
q 3 pH 7.05
r
not inhibited, but initiator concentration low enough
(0.01-0.09 M) so that higher order decomposition is
unimportant
s
solvent not degassed
11 2,6-di-terr-butylphenol added to inhibit induced
decomposition
t2 oc,a-diphenyl-P-picrylhydrazyl added to inhibit
induced decomposition
t3 phenyl-oc-naphthylamine added to inhibit induced
decomposition
t4 tetrachloroquinone added to inhibit induced
decomposition
t5
1,3,5-trinitrobenzene added to inhibit induced
decomposition
t6 12 added to inhibit induced decomposition
tj
O 2 added to inhibit induced decomposition
t8
5-20% NO 2 added to inhibit decomposition
References page II - 70
t9
tio
vi
V2
V3
V4
V5
v6
v7
Vg
v9
galvanoxyl added to inhibit induced decomposition

a,y-bisdiphenylene-p-phenylallyl added to inhibit
induced decomposition
oc-naphthylamine added to minimize induced
decomposition
2,3 / ,5 / ,6 / -tetra-te7t-butyl indophenoxy added
benzoquinone added
2,6-di-teJt-butyl-4-methylphenol added
in absence of oxygen
from initiation data
in multisurface reaction vessel
rate reduced when nujol layer used to exclude Hg
vapor
rate increased when nujol layer used to exclude Hg
vapor
acetic acid added
CuCl 2 added
CuCl added
0.1 mol AgClO 4 /mol AIBN added
3.9 mol thiophenol added
tert-bxxtyl mercaptan added
2.5 mol cyclohexane added
~ 4 x l O ~ 2 mol pyridine added
2 x 10~ 2 mol pyridine added
D.
REFERENCES
tn
ti2
ti3
114
ui
u2
u3
U4
U5
1. J. E. Guillet, T. R. Walker, M. F. Meyer, J. R Hawk,

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v 10
Vn
v 12
v 13
v 14
v 15
v 16
v 17
v is
v 19
V 20
v2i
V 22
v23
v24
v25
v 26
w
x1
x2
y
z
2.5 mol cumene added

buffered with sodium pyrophosphate
saturated with ethyl acetate
3.11 mol CCl4 present
peroxide in P(MMA)
peroxide in P(sty.)
0.26 mol piperidine
0.24 mol triethylamine
0.21 mol AT,Af-diethylaniline
0.22 mol pyridine
0.9 mol Z n C l 2
in presence of 1 5 N O
0.12 mol 18 crown 6 added
0.24 mol diglyme added
0.02 M pyridine added
0.10 M pyridine added
0.10 M 2,6-lutidine added
stereoisomers
actual rate divided by 2 because of two identical
peroxide groups
each peroxide group has different k^
measured in differential scanning calorimeter:
subscript is heating rate in deg/min
pressure (in bar)
20. H. J. Shine, J. A. Waters, D. M. Hoffman, J. Am. Chem. S o c ,

85, 3613 (1963).
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P r o p a g a t i o n
i n
F r e e
a n d
T e r m i n a t i o n
R a d i c a l
C o n s t a n t s
P o l y m e r i z a t i o n
M. Kamachi
Department of Applied Physics and Chemistry, Fukui University of Technology, Gakuen, Fukui, Japan
B. Y a m a d a
Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Technology Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, Japan
A. Introduction
B. Tables of Propagation and Termination
Constants
Table 1. Dienes
Table 2. Olefins
Table 3. Acrylic Derivatives
Table 4. Methacrylic Derivatives
Table 5. ltaconic Derivatives
Table 6. Fumaric Derivatives
Table 7. Vinyl Halides
Table 8. Vinyl Esters
Table 9. Vinyl Ethers
Table 10. Styrene Derivatives
Table 11. Vinyl Heteroaromatics
Table 12. Aldehydes
Table 13. Others
C. References
11-77
11-79
II-79
II-79
II-80
II-82
II-85
U-87
II-87
II-87
II-88
II-88
II-90
II-90
II-90
11-91
The rate constants kv and kt have usually been assumed to

be independent of chain length. In this chapter termination
constants depending on the length of the polymer radicals
are also reported. In American literature the right hand side
of (A4) is written as 2t[P#] . In this chapter the definition
given in Eq. (A4) has been used.
Simultaneous determination of absolute values of both
kv and kt from a single experiment has not been reported. In
practice, the ratio k^/kt is determined from measurements
of molecular weight as a function of rate of polymerization
for a low conversion polymerization or from measurements
of initiation rate and polymerization rate in a low conversion. The ratio kp/kt is determined from nonsteady-state
measurements of the average lifetime, r, of the growing
polymer chain in a photochemically initiated polymerization. This lifetime may be defined by noting that the
concentration of chains present must be related to their
average lifetime and rate of disappearance by
(A6)
A.
INTRODUCTION
In free radical polymerization the propagation and termination rate constants describe the reactions
which, from (A3) and (A4), yields

(A7)
(Al)
dead polymer
(A2)
where P^ is a propagating chain of any length n and M is

the monomer. The rate constants are defined by the
following equations:
By combining the separately determined ratios, k^/kt and

kp/kt, the individual propagation and termination rate
constants may be calculated. Alternatively, the rate of
initiation, R[, may be measured as the rate of initiator
disappearance and equated to R1. This gives (from (A6) and
(A3))
(A3)
(A4)
where
(A5)
(A8)
There is a large degree of imprecision inherent in
measuring r and in combining data from different
experiments, which helps to explain the scatter in the data
tabulated here.
/Ct(XiO"6)
kp
/C1(XiO-6)
Figure 1. Arrhenius plots of all bulk polymerization data for

styrene for kp () and /ct (+). Solid lines are least squares obtained
by assuming all points to be of equal value.
The two monomers styrene and methyl methacrylate

have been so extensively studied that their data are
presented as Arrhenius plots (Figs. 1 and 2). Because of
the influence of solvents on the rates, only data of bulk
polymerizations are shown. It remains a wide scatter, which
should serve as a warning against casual acceptance of any
single number. Solid lines are the least squares that have
been calculated assuming all points to be of equal value.
For the termination rate of methyl methacrylate the leastsquares line results in a positive slope and is not shown. In
this case a temperature-independent kt could be a better
representation of the experiments.
The pulse laser polymerization (PLP) method has been
developed as a new method of obtaining kp. In the PLP
method, the value of kp can be estimated from the degree of
polymerization of polymer formed, vp, a knowledge of the
monomer concentration, [M], and tf the time between
pulses:
(A9)
The reproducibility of the PLP method has been recognized
by an IUPAC Working Party on Modeling of Kinetic and
Process of Polymerization, which is establishing a critical
review of the literature values of kp.
K9
1000
T
Figure 2. Arrhenius plots of all bulk polymerization data for
methyl methacrylate for /cp () and /ct(+). Solid lines are least
squares obtained by assuming all points to be of equal value. The
line for kx is not shown since a horizontal line for a temperature
independent kt could be a better representation.
Classification of the methods for the determination
of rate constants
The tabulated data refer to seven different methods.
Method A uses the following four methods for the
measurement of the lifetime r:
Al -rotating sector or a "flashing" laser
A2 - flow through a tube with spatially separated light
and dark sections
A3 - spacial intermittent polymerization (SIP)
A4 - intermittent illumination method
Method B effectively measures only a single decrease
(increase), in the radical concentration by the following
methods:
B l - dilatometry
B 2 - dielectric constant
B 3 - interferomety
B4 - temperature change
B5 - viscosity
B6 - light scattering
B7 - monomer pressure
B 8 - cathetometer
B9-inhibitor
BlO-scavenger
Method F uses pulse laser photopolymerization (PLP)

method
Method C uses electron spin resonance (ESR) for the

determination of the radical concentration
Method D refers to values obtained in emulsion polymerization by application of the Smith-Ewart theory
Fl - PLP
F2 - PLP-GPC (MWD)
F3 - PLP-MALDI TOF (-GPC)
Method G refers to the method of measuring molecular
weight (MW) and molecular weight distribution (MWD) by
Gl - gel permeation chromatography (GPC)
G2 - high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
Method E refers to recalculated values
B. TABLES OF PROPAGATION AND TERMINATION CONSTANTS

TABLE 1. DIENES
Monomer
1-Acetoxybutadiene
Butadiene
k9 (1/mol/s)
M x I O " 6 ) (l/mol/s)
Temp. (0C)
Method
18.0
&p = 1 . 2 x l 0 8
x exp(- 39000/RT)
150 4 0
281
25
10
Al
D
152
23
kt = 1.13 x l O 4
xexp(-711/r)
5
45-60
C
Gl
223
202
50
Fl
221
50
Fl
F2
Solvent: chlorobenzene
Solvent: chlorobenzene
40
D
D
Quoted in Ref. 86
l n * p = l n (3.873 x 1010)
- 53400/RT
111.6
kp = 8.05 x 107
xexp(-35710//?7)
Chloroprene
220
fcp = 2 . 9 x l 0 9
x exp(-41000/^7)
*p = 1.95 x l O 7
x exp(- 26630/RT)
2,3-Dimethyl-l,3-butadiene
&p = 8 . 9 x l 0 7
x exp(- 38000//?7)
Ethyl 4-ethoxy-2,4-pentadienoate
9.9
Ethyl 4-methyl-2,4-pentadienoate
29.7
Ethyl pentadienoate
30.9
1,3-Hexadiene
20 1 0
2,4-Hexadiene
16 1 2
Isoprene
2.8
2-Methyl-l,3-pentadiene
Remarks
Refs.
221
187
59
84
Fl
198
71
152
152
152
223
223
24
9.3
23
19
-
25
25
25
5
5
5
Al
Al
Al
C
C
D
125 3 0
35 10
5
5
C
C
k p (1/mol/s)
M x I O 6 ) (1/mol/s)
Temp. ( C)
Method
1050 5 0
455 5 0
200
83
-20.01
130
Al
Al
Al
3.9 (7.8) x 102

1.99 x 102
-
130
190
230
Al
C
Fl
3.2 x 103
190
Fl
Calalyst system: diisopropylbenzene,

monohydroperoxidetetraethylenepentamine
223
223
TABLE 2. OLEFINS
Monomer
Ethylene
Propylene
470 3 0
18.6 2
5400
p = 4.8x 107
x exp[(- 4450 + 3.Ix 10~6p)/T]
1.2 x 104
1.09 x 104
3.08 x 104
&p = 2 x l 0 6
x exp(- 32000/RT)
50-150
Remarks
Solvent: benzene
Pressure 1.8 x 10 8 Pa
Pressure (5-17.5) x 10 7 Pa, using
results of Ref. 141
Pressure 1.9 x 108 Pa
Initial pressure 2.27 x 108 Pa
Pressure 2.55 x 108 Pa,
at low or moderate conversion
Pressure 2.50 x 108 Pa,
at conversion 0
Radical telomerization
Refs.
53
66
139
142
135
151
167
167
129
TABLE 3. ACRYLIC DERIVATIVES

Monomer
kp (1/mol/s)
kt (xlO~ 6 ) (1/mol/s)
Acrylamide
6000 1000
18000 1500
8200
220
(7.9 0.5) x 10 4
(4.3 0.2) x 104
(3.3 0.2) x 104
(2.3 0.1) x 10 4
fcp=7xl06
x exp[(- 21000 2000)/RT]
3.3 0.6
14.5 2.0
5.5
1.0
660 4 0
350 2 0
230 2 0
160 1 0
650
2.6
3150
2.6
Temp. (0C)
25
19
26
30
30
Method
Al, Bl
Al
A
A
Al
Al
Al
Al
Fl
Remarks
Solvent: water, pH 5.5
Solvent: water
Solvent: water
Solvent: DMSO
Solvent: water 0.38M
H 2 O : DMSO (90:10)
H 2 O:dioxane (90:10)
H 2 O : THF (92:8)
Refs.
79
41
89
89
126
119
119
119
197
Acrylic acid
-,butyl ester
- , cyclohexyl ester
-,ethyl ester
6600
2.7
13
0.018
2100
330
1977
3.84
67966
6.40.6
log 10 fcp = 6.0123-748.4/7
ln[(*t[p]/(1.00 + OMp)]
= l n * t [I]-0.6Op
1360
1.28
963
1.18
1320
1.07
360
0.36
2722 248
3.2 0.3
800
1.76
12.39 x 10 3
139.2
- , 2-ethylhexyl ester
- , methyl ester
23
Al
Al
30
25-80
30
Al
Al
B4
Al
Al
Fl
B5
30
Al
30
50
50
Al
Al
Al
25
25
155
1300
0.233
75
50
15
Al
Al
880
260
15
Al
25
25
Al
Bl
Al
1580
580
fcp = 1 . 0 x l 0 8
x exp(- 30000/RT)
1000
11680
21300
(1.5 0.2) x 10 4
(3.7 0.6) x 104
6.3 x 104
(1.4 0.2) x 104
55
6.5
fct
= 2.8xl0n
x exp(- 22000/RT)
3.5550
194
-
60
Al
Al
Al
G2
60
60
60
G2
G2
G2
- , 2-(acetoacetoxy-methyl)-, ethyl ester

- , 2-cyano-, ethyl ester
300
1622
1610
1613
1607
1.0
411
404
411
404
60
30
30
30
30
C
Al
Al
Al
Al
- , 2-chloro-, ethyl ester
1660
1408
1120
978
350
333
244
4.8 x 102
435
2.1
30
30
30
30
60
Al
Al
Al
Al
C
- , 2-fluoro-, ethyl ester

- , 2-acetoxymethyl-, methyl ester
Solvent: Water, pH 7.9,

(with 1.2MNaOH)
Solvent: water,
pH 7.9 (with 1.5NNaCl)
Solvent: water, pH 11

Solvent: benzene 1.76M
kt \p\; kt for pressure p (bar),
kt [l] = 3.5x 106
Solvent: anisole 2.00M
Solvent: chlorobenzene 2.00M
Solvent: benzonitrile 2.00 M
Solvent: toluene 1.84 M
Solvent: benzene x\ molar fractions
of monomer, x = 0.401,
kp and kt also given by other [M]
Solvent: toluene 1.94M
From unpublished results of Ross
and Melville
From unpublished results of
Matheson
99
99
99
10
57
107
137
201
122
138
138
138
138
137
108
171
108
22
22
19
48
21
Solvent: benzene 2.69 M

Primary propagating step (jfcpl),
Ph-MA*
PhCO 2 -MA'
tert-BuO-MAm
Secondary propagating step (kp2),
Ph-MA-MA*, PhCO 2 -MA-MA',
tert-BuO-MA-MA*
Solvent: benseme
AcOH 7 wt.%
1,3-propanesulfone 0.5 wt.%
Optimum value, solvent: AcOH
Optimum value
Solvent: propanesulfone
AIBN 4.88 x 10" 2 M
Optimum value
Optimum value
Solvent: benzene LOOM,
MAIB 0.050 M
50
144
144
190
190
190
170
143
143
123
123
140
123
146
123
225
TABLE 3. cont'd
Monomer
fep
(1/mol/s)
fct(x..l0-6)
(l/mol/s)
Temp. ( 0 C)
Method
- , 2-acetyloxy-, methyl ester
430
60
- , 2-benzoyloxy-, ethyl ester

- , 2-(benzyloxymethyl)-, methyl ester
990
182
2.9
1.6
60
60
C
C
- , 2-[2,2-bis(carbomethoxy) ethyl],
methyl ester
4.0
0.038
60
- , 2-butoxy-, methyl ester
298
184
8
-
60
60
C
C
- , 2-butyroxymethyl-, methyl ester
360
1.4
60
19
0.51
60
8.6
1.6
300
21
1.8
1.1
60
60
60
C
C
C
11
0.08
50
0.57
0.11
60
0.76
1.4
60
- , 3-methyl, dimethyladamantyl ester
0.41
0.71
0.081
1.1
60
60
C
C
- , 3-methyl, terf-butyl ester
0.90
LO
2.3
4.7
60
60
C
C
- , 2-naphthoyloxymethyl-, ethyl ester
320
0.37
60
- , 2-pivaroxymethyl-, methyl ester
230
0.59
60
- , trans-2-vinyl-, methyl ester
125
60
3000-5000
127
52
51
20000
24
12.2
5
1.8
OD
25
25
25
40
50
B4
B4
B4
D
1960
15400
28000
1910
382 230
3300 300
3200 400
3000 600
(6.5 1.3) x 103
28.2
782
2700
3700
290
47.6 2 2
1200 170
300 5 0
240 70
4700 1300
0.20
60
25
25
25
25
50
50
50
50
60
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
C
273
273
8267
17.9
11.9
2200
30
30
30
Al
Al
Al
- , 2-(2-carbomethoxy)- ethyl-,
methyl ester
- , 2-ethyl-, methyl ester
- , 2-ethyl-, cyclohexyl ester
- , 2-isobutyroxymethyl-, methyl ester
-,-2-(methoxycarbonylmethyl)-,
phenetyl ester
- , 3-methyl, adamantyl ester
Acrylonitrile
Ar-Acryloyl-2,2-dimethyl5 (R)-phenyl-l,3-dioxazoline
7V-Acryloylpiperidine
N-Acryloylpyrrolidine
23
Remarks
Solvent: 1,1,2-trichloroethane 2.0M
2,2'-azobis (4-methoxy-2,4dimethylvaleronitrile) 0.030 M, kp
also given by other temp.
Solvent: benzene 2.0M,
AIBN 5 ^ x IQ^ 3 M
Bulk AVN 0.05 M,
Ic p and kt also given by
other temp.
Solvent: benzene 2 M
Solvent: 1,1,2-trichloroethane 2.0M
2,2'-azobis (4-methoxy-2,4dimethylvaleronitrile) 0.030 M, kp
Solvent: benzene LOOM, MAIB
0.050 M
Bulk MAIB 0.05 M, kp and kt
Bulk AIBN 0.10M
Bulk AIBN 0.10M
MAIB 0.050 M
Solvent: benzene 2.22 M, kp and kt
and [M]
Bulk 4.8 M
MAIB 0.05 M
Solvent: benzene 2.4 M,
MAIB 0.05 M, kp
also given by other [M]
Bulk 4.0 M, MAIB 0.05 M
MAIB 0.05 M
Bulk 5.9 M, MAIB 0.05 M
MAIB 0.05 M
MAIB 0.01 M
MAIB 0.005 M
Solvent: benzene LOM,
AIBN 0.25 M
Solvent: DMF
Refs.
224
172
206
228
176
224
225
229
230
230
225
157
232
232
232
232
232
232
226
225
227
42
49
63
75
42
35
Primary radical termination in a

precipitating medium
Solvent: DMF
43
Solvent: water
54
Solvent: water
55
Solvent: DMSO
70
Solvent: DMF
68
Solvent: DMF 3.8 M
88
Solvent: DMSO 3.8 M
88
Solvent: Ethylene carbonate 3.8 M
88
Solvent: Mg (C1O4)2 12H2O 3.04M 88
231
MAIB 0.05 M, kp and kt
145
Optimum value
123
Optimum value
123
TABLE 3. cont'd
Monomer
kp (1/mol/s)
ifetCxlO"6) (1/mol/s)
Temp. (0C)
Method
JVW'-Dimethylacrylamide
11000
27200
29198
15 x 10 3
2330 230
38
3540
4080
0.540 0.053
50
30
30
25
30
Al
Al
Al
Fl
A4
2760 342
0.452 0.056
30
9.9 x 10 3
25
Fl
kp (1/mol/s)
kt (x 10 ~6) (1/mol/s)
Temp. (0C)
Method
79.6 5.6
1.1 x 10 3
~21
26
16.5 1 . 4
~27
21
25
25
30
25
Al
Fl
Al
670
2.1
23
Al
1950
1410
110
895
1250
510
2.25
41.9
80
40
41.9
2.87
30
32.5
32.5
30
20
Al
Al
C
C
Al
Al
- , bornyl ester
580
3.3
60
- , n-butyl ester
369
573
360
lnfcp = 6 . 1 3 + 6.33 x 10 ~9 p
lnfcp = 15.8-2751/7
10.2
18.0
10
30
30
30
30
12-93
70
30
Al
Al
Al
F2
F2
B5
B5
10-90
Fl
Fl
A3
Al
3-Dimethyl-(acryloyloxyethyl)ammonium propane sulfonate
N-Methylacrylamide
Remarks
Optimum value
Solvent: formamide: 1,4-dioxane
(3:1 (v/v))
Solvent: formamide: 1,4-dioxane
(3:1 (v/v)), NaCl 0.1 M
Refs.
74
121
123
197
192
192
197
TABLE 4. METHACRYLIC DERIVATIVES

Monomer
Methacrylamide
Methacrylonitrile
p
Remarks
Solvent: water
Solvent: water, pH 1
Refs.
69
197
26
39
106.430.26
xexp[(-297001500)//?n
Methacrylic acid
- , benzyl ester
- , terf-butyl ester
2.6
In [(kt\p]/(\M + 0.0lp)]
= InJt1[I] - 0.73/7
ln*p = (14.41 0.09) - (247229)/T
jfcp = 3.44 x 10 6 exp(- 23300/RT)
1576
9.74
350
14
p
1O7.4o.4
30
25
9
_66

(with 0.22MNaOH)
pH=13.6
kp and kt also given as a

function of viscosity
AIBN 0.05 M
Pressure: 5.0 x 10 7 Pa
77=1.92cp
kt \p]\ kt for pressure p (bar),
kt[l] = 13.4 x 10 6
99
99
101
153
153
87
103
193
27
106
109
216
216
212
122
219
169
225
52
203
F 1
xexp[-(27.72.5)x IO3/RT]
- , trans-4-tert-buty\cyclohexyl ester
- , cetyl ester
- , p-Ip-(cetyloxy)benzoyloxy]phenyl ester
- , 2-chloroethyl ester
- , 2-cyclohexylethyl ester
- , 2-decahydronaphthyl ester
550
1.9
60
510
570 1 0
300 9 0
300
1.9
0.5-2.3
0.16 0.04
0.25
60
60
30
50
C
C
Al
Al
170
254
1190
0.30
6.71
32.8
50
30
30
Al
Al
Al
510
5.4
60
570
3.1
60

AIBN 0.05 M, trans 100%
trans 28.9%
Solvent: benzene
Solvent: dioxane 0.2 M
Solvent: toluene 0.2M

AIBN 0.05 M
AIBN 0.05 M
194
194
210
109
97
97
87
87
193
193
TABLE 4. cont'd
Monomer
- , 2,6-dimethylphenyl ester
- , dodecyl ester
-,ethyl ester
- , hexadecyl ester
- , isobornyl ester
- , isobutyl ester
- , isopropyl ester
- , lauryl ester
- , 2-methoxyethyl ester
- , methyl ester
kp (1/mol/s)
M x l O " 6 ) (1/mol/s)
Temp. (0C)
Method
68
2.1
30
Al
72
126
2.4
0.6
7.35
10
30
70
30
70
Al
B5
Al
B5
Fl
0.16
3.5
10-90
70
60
Fl
B5
C
10-90
30
30
Fl
Al
Al
Fl
219
87
109
169
30
23.6
Al
Al
Al
87
9
7
32.5
40
50
-30
20
C
Bl
E
Bl
Al
* p = 1.50 XlO 6
x exp(- 20460/RT)
ln* p = (15.110.17)-(275355)/r
390
lnfcp = (14.720.13)-(259042)/7
121
4.52
460 140
0.6 0.2
kp = 2.93 x l O 5
x exp(- 16190/RT)
249
9.30
310 2 0
66 4
fcp = 5 . 1 3 x l 0 6
kt = 1.36 x l O 3
x exp(- 26400/RT)
x exp(- 11900/flT)
187
72.1
404
17.6
410
24
13.2
0.488
390
517
527
28
260
270
280
285
310
330
340
240
335
270
330
250
240
280
320
390 4 0
410 40
410 4 0
18050
37
23
4.4
21
21
19.5
17.5
17
17
17
11.5
9
22
16
29
25
14
28
42 4
29 3
26 3
20 6
10
10
10
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
20
Bl
Bl
Bl
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
B5
B5
B5
B5
B5
B5
B5
B5
B5
Al
Al
Al
E
500 250
41.6
62
200
128
364
63 3 2
2.69
8.44
41.8
20
0
5
20
22
22.5
B6
B5
D
B6
Bl
B4
512.6
410
46.6
42.7
25
25
Al
Al
248
141
106
140
22.7
11.6
5.7
-
30
30
32
40
Al
A
B4
D
Remarks
Refs.
120
Optimum value
r? = 3.96cp
123
212
87
212
169
7^ = 0.91 cp
rj = 7.52cp
Solvent: benzene 1.0 M, AIBN
0.05 M
Solvent: ethyl acetate

Using results of Ref. 7
Solvent: ethyl acetate
kp also given as a function of temp.
and of viscosity for other solvents
Solvent: methanol
Solvent: pyridine
Solvent: DMF
Solvent: fluorobenzene 4.69 M
Solvent: chlorobenzene 4.69 M
Solvent: anisole 4.69 M
Solvent: bromobenzene 4.69M
Solvent: methyl benzoate 4.69 M
Solvent: methylphenyl acetate 4.69 M
Solvent: dimethyl phthalate 4.69 M
Solvent: dimethyl carbonate 4.69 M
Solvent: diethyl oxalate 4.69 M
Solvent: methyl formate 4.69 M
Solvent: methyl propionate 4.69 M
Solvent: diethyl succinate 4.69 M
Solvent: acetonitrile 4.69 M
Solvent: methanol 50% by vol.
Solvent: n-octane 5% by vol.
Solvent: -nonane 20% by vol.
DP = (2-8) x 10 3 using results of
Ref. 86
DP = ( 3 - 5 ) x l 0 4
Assuming biradical initiation
Jfcp found as a linear function of Mw
Rate of initiation; 1.20 x 10 " 8
(moles/1/s)
kp and kt also given as a function of
viscosity for other solvents
219
212
193
153
51
62
72
92
94
94
94
85
85
85
85
85
85
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
104
104
104
96
96
11
65
91
29
60
30
93
14
87
58
65
TABLE 4. cont'd
Monomer
A:p (1/mol/s)
M x l O ~ 6 ) (1/mol/s)
Temp. (0C)
Method
0.224
573
2.0
45
60
D
E
573
11.9
60
995 83
506 48
450 3 3
45629
448 47
498 39
61443
427 38
290
1020
530
550
43.6 4.9
35.6 3.9
42.0 3.0
43.82.0
47.2 6.6
42.9 4.7
39.93.3
30.9 3.7
21
292
55
68
80
30
kp= 4.92 XlO 5

x exp(- U210/RT)
315
kt = 9S
x exp(- 2930/RT)
33.9
15-30
A2
25
A2
336 9 0
441
fcp = 2 . 5 x l 0 6
x exp[(- 23000 2500)/RT]
kp=k (0.33 < Wp < 0.84)
= exp[-29.8(Wp-0.84)]
(0.84 < w p < 0.99)
28 12
19.7
720
25
30
25-60
Al
Al
C
50
w p (weight fraction of polymer)
150
At high conversions ( ~ 65%)

Special evaluation from
steady-state and Mn
Solvent: toluene
148
134
30
60
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
Remarks
Refs.
Termination by combinat. using

results of Refs. 7 and 31
Termination by disprop. using results
of Refs. 7 and 31
Solvent: C 6 D 6 2.0M
Solvent: fluorobenzene 2.0M
Solvent: benzonitrile 2.0M
Addition of 1 x 10 " 3 mol pyridine
Addition of 1 x 10" 3 mol acetone
Addition of 1 x 10 " 3 mol
triethanolamine
P n = IO4
kp and kt also given as a
function of P n
67
33
33
111
133
133
133
133
133
133
133
118
118
118
118
114
110
127
105
45
(*J= 790 300)

130
705.6
20.7 1.0
25
0
60
Al
170
306
292
0.2
25
25
F3
Fl
Fl
60
20-90
C
Fl
30
B5
670 3 0
22
InATp = 14.69-2670/7+
0.201/7x(1.0x 1 0 " 5 P - I )
\nkt[p] = InA:t[l] -0.57/7
26.6
1.4
BlO
5.8
0.017
BlO
kt(m,n) = 1.22 x W2(n x m)~ 0075
25
A3
21
70
B5
0.034
50
0.16
50
- 1 to - 70
60
Fl
C
- 8
30
F3
Fl
fcp = 106 694 exp(- 23940/RT)

lnJfcp (VmoVmin) = ln*p,<>-(3.86 [AIBME]0
+ 0.8) x (l-(f>m)- 1.6 (l-cj)m)60
131
680- 820
690-810
Fl
222
196
Solvent: ethanol (50%) 4.67 M, kv

also given by other [M] and solvents
175
207
kt\p\\ kt for pressure/? (bar),
fct[l] = 15.4x 106
Scavenger DPPH, solvent: DMF,
blank polymn.
Scavenger DPPH, solvent: DMF,
template polymn., template;
it-MMA
n: n-mer; m: m-mer, coupling with
rt-mer and m-mer
77 = 0.53 cP
No addition of chain-transfer agent,
Time 7.5-20.5 min.
Addition of 2% CBr4,
Time 7.5-20.5 min.
AIBME (dimethyl 2,2'azodiisobutyrate) 0.0434M, </>m;
monomer volume fraction
pX) = 700(l/mol/min)
Benzoin 7 x 10 " 4 M
Solvent: toluene, pressure
1.0 x 108 Pa, k p also given by
other pressures
Solvent/2-butanone, pressure
1.OxIO 8 Pa
122
115
115
147
212
149
149
217
158
199
208
208
TABLE 4. cont'd
Monomer
kp (1/mol/s)
M x l O " 6 ) (1/mol/s)
Temp. (0C)
Method
3138.1
794.0
815.0
957.0
394
62.4
51.6
38.2
25(3)
25
60
Fl
B5
60
21 2
45
50
60
25
40
C
Al
191
160
160
25
50
Fl
Fl
C
198
220
184
510 100
299
431
)tp = 2.39 x 106
x exp(- 22000/#D
359
12
135
292
200
135 5 0
170
-, octyl ester
35
2960
*p = 1.9068 x 106
xexp(-21181.07//?D
kp = 1.2169 x 106
x exp(- 25203.59//?D
kp = 3.0598 x 107
x exp(-28008.18/RT)
35
1710
240 8 0
0
25
28
0
50
29.1
50
30
Al
Fl
Bl
Al
C
Values from Chem. Abstr.
159
164
83
165
155
30% MMA in benzyl alcohol
227
Fl
30% MMA in NMP
227
p.s. 500 nm
155
113
109
122
30
30
30
60
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
C
26
1470 170
0.301
0.499 0.058
32.5
30
C
A4
2760 342
0.452 0.056
30
185
0.034
20
B8
230
0.053
20
B8
kp (1/mol/s)
t ( x l 0 ~ 6 ) (1/mol/s)
Temp. (0C)
Method
1.7
3.9
2.5 x 10" 3
3.4xl0~3
60
60
C
C
Polyhydroxytetramethylene-a,
co-methacrylate of MW = 700
particle size 260 nm, kp

also given by other particle sizes
kp; average value
Fl
411
230 1 5
1768
1809
223 11
235 8
273 8
228
149
467
590
30
30
Emulsion polymn.,
161
204
204
204
166
A3
Fl
50
30
30
Solvent: benzene 3 M
Solvent: chlorobenzene 3 M
Solvent: benzonitrile 3 M
Refs.
Emulsion polymn., n-butyl aery late:

MMA: methacrylic acid (8:91:1),
particle size (p.s.) 50 nm, kp also
given by other temp, and particle sizes
p.s. 500 nm
155
225
227
62.6
2.6 0.9
ln[(fct[p]/(1.00- 0.19)]
= \nkt[l]-l.01p
11.9
2.02 0.22
2.060.21
2.160.19
2.26 0.22
1.72 0.11
1.96 0.12
1.88
0.813
45.1
2.6
-, phenyl ester
- , 2-phenylethyl ester
- , 3-phenylpropyl ester
- , rc-propyl ester
- , 3-tetracyclo-[4.4.02'5.l7'10]dodecyl ester
-, triphenylmethyl ester
3-Dimethyl-(methacryloyloxy-ethyl)
ammonium propane sulfonate
25.6
-
Remarks
Al
Al
B5
kt[p]\ kt for pressure p (bar),

ikt[l] =40.0 x 106
Solvent:
Solvent:
Solvent:
Solvent:
Solvent:
Solvent:
anisole 2.00M
benzene 2.00M
fluorobenzene 2.00M
chlorobenzene 2.00M
bromobenzene 2.00M
benzonitrile 2.00M

AIBN 0.05 M
87
116
116
116
116
116
116
87
87
28
193
153
Solvent: formamide:
192
1,4-dioxane (3 :1 (v/v))
Solvent: formamide:
192
1,4-dioxane (3 : 1 (v/v)), NaCl 0.1 M
Calcd. from nonstationary
125
state kinetics
Calcd. from stationary state kinetics 125
TABLE 5. ITACONIC DERIVATIVES

Monomer
Itaconic acid
- , bis (4-terf-butyl-cyclohexyl) ester
- , bis (cyclohexyl-methyl) ester
Remarks

MAIB 0.02 M
Refs.
213
182
TABLE 5. cont'd
kp (1/mol/s)
M x l O " 6 ) (1/mol/s)
Temp. (0C)
Method
- , bis (3,5-dimethyl-l-adamantyl) ester

- , bis (2-ethylhexyl) ester
0.92
6.8
3.4
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.1
2.1
1.4
3.0
0.32 x 10~3
0.001
60
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
- , diadamantyl ester
0.56
0.30 x 10~3
60
- , di-n-butyl ester
3.5
1.59 x l O " 2
60
13
0.11
50
11
6.8
9.4
6.7
3.4
3.2
0.13
0.07
0.11
0.083
0.068
0.13
1.0 x l O " 3
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
5.3
8.5 x l O " 2
50
5.9
0.053
50
- , di-sec-butyl ester
0.6
4.0 x 10 ~3
60
- , di-terf-butyl ester
0.2
5.6 x 10~3
60
- , dicyclohexyl ester
2.3
1.4xlO" 3
60
- , diethyl ester
7.7
0.24
50
3.7
6.41 x l 0 ~ 2
60
- , diisobutyl ester
2.7
1.56 x 10~2
60
- , diisopropyl ester
1.1
5.0xl0~~ 3
60
- , dimethyl ester
5.2
0.36
60
10
0.59
50
- , a-ethyl-P-hexarluoropropyl ester
5.0
0.28
60
- , a-methyl-P-isopropyl ester
- , a-methyl-P-tert-butyl ester
- , a-isopropyl-P-methyl ester
- , a-fm-butyl-P-methyl ester
AT(2,6-dimethylphenyl)itaconimide
3.4
4.2
1.9
0.91
26
0.06
0.051
0.07
0.056
0.082
60
60
60
60
50
C
C
C
C
C
15
0.29
60
Monomer
Methyl N-phenyl-itaconamate
Remarks
Solvent: hexane 1.03 M
Solvent: cyclohexane 1.03 M
Solvent: toluene 1.03 M
Solvent: ethyl acetate 1.03 M
Solvent: THF 1.03 M
Solvent: acetone 1.03 M
MAIB 0.05 M
Solvent: benzene 1.5 M, kp and kt
MAIB 0.02 M
Solvent: cyclohexane 1.33 M,
MAIB 5.00 x 10~2 M, kp and kt
Solvent: n-hexane 1.33 M
Solvent: methyl benzoate 1.33 M
Solvent: acetone 1.33 M
Solvent: acetonitrile 1.33 M
AIBN 0.05 M kt also given
by other [M]
MAIB 0.05 M
MAIB 0.05 M
MAIB 0.02 M
MAIB 0.02 M
MAIB 0.02 M
MAIB 0.05 M
MAIB 0.02 M
MAIB 0.02 M
MAIB 0.02 M
MAIB 0.02 M
MAIB 0.05 M
MAIB 0.05 M, kp and kt
also given by other [M] and temp.
Solvent: THF 0.44 M,

AIBN 0.05 M, J^p andfct
Solvent: DMF 1.4 M,
AIBN 0.05 M, jfcp andfct
also given by other [M] and temp.
Refs.
213
185
185
185
185
185
185
185
185
177
213
182
162
162
162
162
162
162
162
154
154
177
182
182
182
177
182
182
182
195
177
233
195
195
195
195
234
235
TABLE 6. FUMARIC DERIVATIVES

Monomer
Fumaric acid
- , bis (2-methoxy-ethyl) ester
- , bis (2-chloro-ethyl) ester
- , tert-butyl methyl ester
- , tert-buty\ isopropyl ester
- , di-terf-butyl ester
- , dicyclohexyl ester
- , diethyl ester
- , dimethyl ester
- , dineopentyl ester
Ethyl o-formylphenyl fumarate
TABLE 7.
M x l O " 6 ) (1/mol/s)
Temp. (0C)
Method
0.19
0.26
0.23
0.51
0.35
0.39
0.61
0.60
0.21
0.015
330 x 10~6
320 x 10~6
150xl0~6
26xlO"6
60
60
60
60
60
C
C
C
C
C
1.75 x l O - 5
30 x 10~6
40 x 10~6
(510-560) x 10" 6
1.64 x l O - 4
60
60
60
30
C
C
C
Al
0.029 0.003
8 xlO-6
30
BlO
0.46
0.31 0.07
(80-100) x 10~6
0.84 x l O - 6
60
30
C
BlO
0.058
0.028
4.0
430 x 10~6
44xlO~6
1.4
60
60
60
C
C
C
k p (1/mol/s)
M x I O " 6 ) (1/mol/s)
Temp. (0C)
Method
7400
7.4xlO"5
40
22.7
570
kp = 3.3 x 106
x exp(- 15000/RT)
11000
3130
8.6
kp = 10 9
x exp(- 4540/7)
92
385
kt = 1.3 x 106
x exp(- 4200/RT)
2100
2300
0.175
kt = 106
x exp(- 2670/7)
-30
20
kp (1/mol/s)
4600
795
556-586
670-770
700
559
1100
1000
895
kp = 2.43 x l O 8
x exp(- 30600/RT)
9500-19000
(15-26) x 102
Remarks
Solvent: benzene l.OM

AIBN
MAIB
AVN (2,2'-azobis-2,4dimethylvaleronitrile),
ACN (l.l'-azobiscyclo-hexane1 -carbonitrile)
ACN, scavenger TPV
(1,3,5-triphenylverdazyl),
sovent: benzene
ACN, scavenger TPV,
solvent: benzene
MAIB 0.100 M, kp and ^ t
Refs.
211
211
211
211
181
181
211
211
211
173
179
211
180
211
211
236
VINYL HALIDES
Monomer
Tetrafluoroethylene
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
TABLE 8.
kp (1/mol/s)
Remarks
Large active chain end concentration
measured by addition of inhibitor
in aqueous solution polymn.
Al
Refs.
81
Al
80
44
32
25
25
25
22-75
Al
Al
Al
Al
56
77
18
117
M x I O " 6 ) (1/mol/s)
Temp. (0C)
Method
220
46
2860-3040
2500-3100
2600
51.8
80
59
24
kt =4.16 x 105
x exp(- 21900/RT)
380-760
25
25
15
15.9
15.9
15.9
20
25
25
25
B5
Bl
Al
Al
Al
B4
Al
Al
B4
Al
60
50
E
Al
Quoted in Ref. 80
Solvent: N-methylpyrrolidone 2.0M
VINYL ESTERS
Monomer
Vinyl acetate
Remarks
Solvent: -hexane
At 4% conversion
Using results of Refs. 8 and 15
Refs.
13
47
1
3
4
37
2
15
36
8
64
128
TABLE 8. cont'd
Monomer
Vinyl benzoate
TABLE 9.
kv (1/mol/s)
t (xIO~ 6 ) (1/mol/s)
Temp. (0C)
Method
Remarks
117zb 12
11310
48 5
97 10
61 9
37 5
8 1
637 101
78
#
31961
35154
239 4 5
311 d= 59
266 7 5
412 104
258 76
94.2 23.7
-
30
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
32.5
32.5
32.5
32.5
30
15-60
Al
C
C
C
Al
C

Solvent: C 6 D 6 2.00M
Solvent: fluorobenzene 2.00M
Solvent: chlorobenzene 2.00M
Solvent: ethyl benzoate 2.00M
Solvent: benzonitrile 2.00M
Solvent: ethyl acetate 2.00M
Solvent: ethyl acetate: ethyl
benzoate (1:1 (v/v))
Solvent: benzene
120
310
530
630
1900
280
1400
4435
64.4
p = 2.0 XlO 6
27.5
x exp[(- 19000 2900)/RT]
Jcp = 2 . 1 x l O 8
x exp(- 27820//?7)
ln[(*t|>]/(1.00-0.07/?)]
= lnJfct[l]-0.50p
106 1 4
253 6 3
185 8
402 3 2
245 13
522 48
168 18
383 76
69 13
257 72
33 3
299 4 4
26733
451 6 5
Monovinyl ether of ethylene glycol

Monovinyl ether of diethylene glycol
Monomer
Styrene
Fl
30
B5
30
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
153
153
153
153
112
45
209
kt\p]; kt for pressure p (bar)

t [l] = 52.0x 106
Solvent: anisole 1.01 M
Solvent: fluorobenzene 1.01 M
Solvent: ethyl benzoate 1.01 M
122
116
116
116
116
116
116
116
VINYL ETHERS
Monomer
TABLE 10.
Refs.
k p (1/mol/s)
kt (x 10 6 ) (1/mol/s)
5.0 1.0
3.0 0.8
1.5 0.3
1.4 0.3
Temp. ( C )
Method
50
50
Al
Al
Refs.
136
136
STYRENE DERIVATIVES
k p (1/mol/s)
kt (x 10 ~6) (1/mol/s)
Temp. (0C)
Method
40 20
24
80 40
14
15
20
Al
Al
51.9
108
106
102
390
209
18.7
39.5
p = 2 . 1 6 x l 0 7
x exp(- 32500/RT)
22
10.5
32.5
108
-
30
30
30
40
50
50
25
25
Al
Al
Al
D
D
E
B5
Bl
Al
40
50
50
D
D
D
139
223
206
115
2.79
5.96
2t = 2 . 5 9 x l 0 3
x exp(- 9920/RT)
-
Remarks
Dimension of kp and kt: kg/mol/s
From copolymn. data with sulfur
dioxide
Quoted in Ref. 86
Using results of Ref. 20
Catalyst: cumene hydroperoxidetriethylenetetramine

Catalyst: persulfate
Refs.
46
25
16
38
78
59
5
61
6
17
20
24
24
40
67
TABLE 10. cont'd

Monomer
kp (1/mol/s)
M x l O " 6 ) (l/mol/s)
Temp. (0C)
* p = 2.24 XlO 14
xexp(-73510//?r)
50
80
64
370
915
25 3
9 1.5
35 7
19 4
35 5
19 3
29 7
15 4
238
11 2
27 4
31 0.4
*p = 1.09 XlO 7
* t = 1.703 x l O 3
x exp(- 31380/K7)
x exp(- 9489/RT)
66.6
22.4
66.5
p = 2.4 XlO 8
x exp(- 38000 11OO)/RT
187.1
29.4
84
-,p-bromo-,/?-chloro-,/7-cyano-,p-fluoro-,/7-methoxy-
25
60
D
Al
25
25
25
25
25
25
15-30
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
Al
A2
65
118
Addition of 1 x 10 " 3 mol pyridine
118
Solvent: dodecane 40% by vol
104
100
Solvent: bromobenzene 20% by vol
100
Solvent: diethyl malonate 20% by vol 100
Solvent: diethyl phthalate 20% by vol 100
Solvent: dinonyl phthalate 60% by vol 100
DP = 2500
114
30
25
50-90
Al
C
60
F2
Fl
25
25
40
70
Fl
Fl
Fl
C
16.6-17.0
100
190
-
50
25
C
Gl
kt (m,/i) = 1.97 x 102 (n x m) " 1 2
30
A3
5
30-90
C
Fl
F2
25
25
60
Fl
Fl
B5
91.2
25
30
25
25
28
Gl
Al
Fl
Fl
Fl
Bl
Fl
180 1 0
p = 1.99xl0 7 exp(-30780//?D
In kp = 17.14-1.873 x 10" 9 p
- 3748/r + 2.02 x 10 " 6 p/T
77 4.1
79 5.1
187.0
201.0
167.0
641 48
89
107
92
78
23
In kp = 16.09-28950//?r (overall)
= 16.47-3003/KT (chain length > 4)
* p = 107-10-5
xexp[-(293)xlO3/*r]
fcp = 1.8861 x 107
x exp(- 30737.52//?r)
kp = 4.2060 x l O 8
x exp(- 37468.93/RT)
kp = 4.2458 x 108
xexp(-39014.90//?7)
186
150
219
112
2.92
71
78 1 2
96 9
63.2
51.1
37.9
132
0.6
46
77
35
127
1.06
33
Refs.
73
256
107
Remarks
Bl
kp = 107-630 x exp(- 32510/RT) - 1 2 - 93

25
76
70
380 110
480 1 0
Method
30
30
30
30
0
30
102
98
98
Special evaluation from steady-state

kinetics and Mn
134
215
kp also given by other [M] and
196
solvents
Solvent/ethanol(25%)6.52M
196
Solvent: methanol (25%) 6.52 M
196
186
Over a range of degree of polymn.
188
of the polymer radical from 40 to 410
Conversion 0-20%
174
TBP (terf-butyl peroxide)
kp and kt also given by other temp.
189
Laser-flash-initiated polymn. by
156
benzoin
n: n-mer, m: m-mer,
147
coupling with n-mer and m-mer
223
169
Pressure 1 x 10 5 -2.8 x 108 Pa
214
Solvent:
Solvent:
Solvent:
Solvent:
Solvent:
toluene 50% (v/v)

benzene 3 M
chlorobenzene 3 M
benzonitrile 3 M
toluene
kp also given by other temp.
161
161
204
204
204
178
160
198
220
164
83
200
Bl
131
Fl
227
Fl
30% styrene in benzylalcohol
227
Fl
30% styrene in NMP
227
Al
Al
Al
Al
B5
Al
Solvent: dimethylacetamide
78
78
78
78
12
78
TABLE 10. cont'd

Monomer
kv (l/mol/s)
kp = 1.67 x 1 0 n
x exp(- 58240/RT)
84
kp = 2.27 XlO 7
x exp(- 32060/RT)
kp = 10 5 7 7
x exp(- 23.0/RT)
&p = 3 . 6 3 x l 0 7
x exp(- 31500/RT)
- , o-methyl- , p-methyl-
Styrene-d8
TABLE 11.
A: t (xl0~ 6 ) (l/mol/s)
66
Temp. (0C)
Method
Bl
73
30
Al
Bl
78
73
24-55
Fl
t = 2 . 5 5 x l 0 4
x exp(- 14200/7?7)
Solvent: toluene 2M
Al
kp (l/mol/s)
Ict (x 10~ 6 ) (l/mol/s)
Temp. (0C)
Method
6.0
186
96.6
12
47
122
0.306
33
8.9
3
3.5
66
10
25
25
25
25
20
Al
Al
B4
B5
B4
Bl
209
17.3
953
22000 4000
43
1.2
65
600 db 200
20
20
20
25
Bl
Bl
B4
Al
k p (l/mol/s)
M x 10 ~6) (l/mol/s)
Temp. (0C)
Method
(7-10) x 10 ~3
190
B4
kp (l/mol/s)
kt(x 10~ 6 ) (l/mol/s)
Temp. (0C)
Method
Maleimide
- , N-tert-amyl- , N-tert-butyl-
69
100
0.048a,0.017b
0.021 a ,0.023 b
60
60
C
C
-,
-,
-,
-,
120
23
120
49
0.20a
0.027 a ,0.015 b
0.15 a ,0.23 b
0.054
60
60
60
50
C
C
C
C
55
0.069
W-Vinylcarbazole
2-Vinylpyridine
4-Vinylpyridine
5-Vinylpyridine
- , 2-methyl-
Af-Vinylpyrrolidone
226
168
Remarks
Refs.
80
76
76
34
75
94
Solvent: methanol 1.95 M, kp

also given as a function of [M]
Solvent: 50% (molar) aqueous methanol 94
Solvent: acetic acid
94
82
Solvent: water
132
ALDEHYDES
Monomer
Formaldehyde
TABLE 13.
Refs.
VINYLHETEROAROMATICS
Monomer
TABLE 12.
Remarks
Remarks
Solid monomer, gamma irradiation
Refs.
95
OTHERS
Monomer
A^m-butyl-dimethylsilylN-tert-octylN-trimethylsilylN-cyclohexyl-
Remarks
Solvent: benzene 1M
(a) Determined from steady-state
equation kt = (2kdf[l])/[P']2,
AIBN 0.005 M;
(b) determined from second order
plot of the decay curve of the
radical concentration, ATMP
(2,2 '-azobis-(2,4,4-trimethylpentane)) 0.02 M, for tert-BMl,
ATMP 0.01 M

AIBN 1.39 x 10" 2 M
AIBN 1.00 x 10~2 M, kp and kt
also given by other [M] and [I]
Refs.
205
205
205
205
205
163
163
TABLE 13. cont'd

A: p (1/mol/s)
Jt t (xl0" 6 ) (1/mol/s)
Temp. (0C)
- , AH2,6-diethylphenyl-
2.0
0.0078
60
- , Af-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-
14
0.034
60
- , AH4-ethylphenyl)-
1200
3.9
60
- , #-(2-methylphenyl)-
190
0.59
60
- , Af-(2-carboethoxyphenyl)- , N-dodecyl-
96
54
104
175
80
128
149
0.10
0.12
0.45
1.0
0.40
0.064
0.17
60
50
50
50
50
50
50
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
386
250
235
196
0.55
-
50
50
50
50
C
C
C
C
33
0.10
50
400
0.07
50
B9
Monomer
- , iV-octadecylOligotetramethylene glycol dimethacrylic

ester (MW 600)
Method
Remarks
Solvent: benzene 1M,
AIBN 5 x 10- 3 M
AIBN 5 x 10- 3 M
AIBN 5 x 10- 3 M
AIBN 5 x 10- 3 M
Solvent: benzene MAIB 0.005 M
Solvent: benzene MAIB 0.01 M
Solvent: toluene MAIB 0.01 M
Solvent: anisole MAIB 0.01 M
Solvent: chlorobenzene MAIB 0.01 M
Solvent: bromobenzene MAIB 0.01 M
Solvent: methyl benzoate MAIB
0.01 M
Solvent: THF, MAIB 0.01 M
Solvent: dioxane, MAIB 0.01 M
Solvent: ethyl acetate MAIB 0.01 M
Solvent: methyl ethyl ketone MAIB
0.01 M
Solvent: benzene AIBN 0.20M, kp
and k[ also given by other [I]
Refs.
183
183
183
183
237
238
238
238
238
238
238
238
238
238
238
239
124
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T r a n s f e r
C o n s t a n t s
P o l y m e r s ,
C a t a l y s t s
S o l v e n t s
S u l f u r
a n d
t o
a n d
I n i t i a t o r s ,
A d d i t i v e s ,
C o m p o u n d s
R a d i c a l
M o n o m e r s ,
i n
a n d
F r e e
A. Ueda
Osaka Municipal Technical Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
S. Nagai
Plastics Technical Association, Osaka, Japan
A. Introduction
B. Tables
Table 1. Transfer Constants
Initiators
Additives
Compounds
C. Remarks
D. References
A.
to Monomers
to Polymers
to Catalysts and
11-97
11-98
II-98
11-103
11-106
to Solvents and
11-110
to Sulfur
11-150
11-157
11-159
INTRODUCTION
The transfer reaction in radical polymerization describes a

process in which the polymer radical reacts with another
molecule (monomer, polymer, catalyst, solvent, modifier,
etc.) forming a dead polymer and new radical. This new
radical can continue the kinetic chain:
If it is assumed that
(a) all new radicals X# react only by formation of
growing polymer radicals;
(b) all polymer radicals have equal reactivities independent of their size;
(c) all rate constants are independent of solvent;
(d) the consumption of monomer by initiation and
transfer is negligible compared with propagation;
(e) a steady-state concentration of polymer radicals is
quickly established (d[P#]/dr = 0).
The application of these assumptions to the common
reaction scheme results in the following relationship of
ideal kinetics (Ref. 145):
P n , p n 0 = number-average degree of polymerization

obtained in the presence or absence, respectively, of transfer agent X.
[M], [X] = concentration of monomer or transfer agent,
respectively.
The dimensionless transfer constant is defined by the ratio
where kv is the rate constant of propagation.

Based on the tables in the third edition, by K. C. Berger and G. Brandrup.
The left-hand side of this equation is obtained by measuring

the number average molecular weight of polymer at
different concentrations of the transfer agent X, all other
variables being kept constant. In many cases the degree of
polymerization was determined by measurement of viscosity (Remark R). It should be noted that the ratio of
viscosimetric to number average molecular weight shows a

considerable dependence on the molecular weight distribution.
The first term P n 0 of the right-hand side of this equation
is the number average molecular weight measured in the
absence of transfer agent X. This is limited to cases where
the transfer agent is a modifier. In all other cases, Pno is
calculated by combination of several kinetic expressions
and used with its numerical value:
This decrease of the transfer agent concentration with

increasing monomer conversion is important in practice
because very reactive transfer agents are used up preferentially, giving a broad molecular weight distribution if they
cannot be replenished.
In analogy to quickly decomposing initiators with their
criterion of "half-life", one can define, in addition to the
transfer constant Cx, a "half-conversion" U\/2 as that
monomer conversion where the transfer agent is half
consumed:
Initiation
Termination
Propagation
Number-average
molecular weight
where ku fct,d, and k^c are the rate constants of termination,
termination by disproportionation, and termination by
combination, respectively.
The second term of the right-hand side of the above

equation is given by the following expression:
where Cp is the constant of chain transfer with added

polymer before starting polymerization.
The transfer constant of very reactive molecules can be
determined from the rate of disappearance of both transfer
agent and monomer:
The following table demonstrates (with some examples for

a calibration curve) that the "half-conversion" IZ1^2
decreases with increasing transfer constant Cx:
The "Half-Conversion" of Transfer Agents
Cx
U1/2(%)
Cx
Ul/2(%)
0.1
0.2
0.5
1
2
99.9
96.8
75.0
50.0
29.3
5
10
20
50
100
13.0
6.7
3.4
1.4
0.7
The transfer agent must be replenished at this monomer

conversion at the latest, if polymerization is to proceed, still
yielding a narrow molecular weight distribution.
Numerous examples are known of polymerization
systems that possibly do not satisfy basic assumptions:
retardation (Remark J), induced decomposition and primary
radical termination by peroxide or hydroperoxide initiation
(Remarks C and B), diffusion control of termination
(Remark X), electron donor/acceptor complexes (Remarks
JJ), etc. Corresponding data in this table have to be used
with caution.
B. TABLES OF TRANSFER CONSTANTS

TABLE 1. TRANSFER CONSTANTS TO MONOMERS
Monomer
T( 0 C)
Acetic acid, allyl ester
80
Acrylamide
25
Acrylamide, AT,iV-dimethylAcrylic acid, benzyl ester
50
60
60
50
55
60
60
60
- , butyl ester
C M (xlO 4 )
170
700
0.12
0.16
0.2
0.2
0.558
0.651
0.6
1.5
0.883
0.905
0.333
1.05
Remarks
D
E
C2, F13, LL
C2, F13, LL
E
Cl, H, KK
Cl, H, KK
Refs.
29
27
92
74
75
103
560
560
103
272
291
291
561
561
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer
Acetic acid, butyl ester (cont'd)
-,ethyl ester
T( 0 C)
60
65
50
60
65
70
- , - 2 ethylhexyl ester
- , methyl ester
70
80
50
55
60
65
70
75
-, tetrahydrofurfuryl ester
-, 2-chloro-, ethyl ester
- , thio-, methyl ester
Acrylonitrile
40
60
60
20
25
30
40
50
60
Allyl bromide
Ammonium chloride, A^-diallyl-MJV-diethyl- , Ar,Ar-diallyl-AW-dimethylAnisole, p-\iny\
Anthranilic acid, vinyl ester
Benzoic acid, vinyl ester
1,3-Butadiene, 2-chloro- , 1,1,2-trichloro1-Butene

2-Butene, cis- , trans3-Butene-2-one, 3-methyl-
60
60
60
60
60
60
0
60
70
60
80
95
50
25
40
50
60
40
50
60
40
50
60
80
C M (xlO 4 )
Remarks
1.25
0.955
0.193
0.90
0.41
0.579
0.332
0.351
0.789
6.28
3.79
0.80
0.275
0.036
0.325
0.10
0.11
0.11
0.37
0.01
0.072
0.16
0.18
0.405
0.224
0.25
0.25
4.0
3.0
560
0.18
0.105
1.5
0.17
0.050
0.27
8.2
0.26
0.3
0.333
0.57
1.02
30
18
7
0.198
0.74
80
6.0
7.0
2.0
4.0
2.32
16
3.1
5.1
7.3
3.2
4.9
11.2
3.0
5.2
10.8
4.00
Cl, H, KK
F7
C, F17, R
C, F17, R
C, F17, R
C, F17, R
C, F17, R
F7
C,AA
B, AA
C, AA
C,AA
CFlO
CAA
C, AA
CFlO
B, AA
CAA
C AA
C, AA
CAA
C, FlO
C AA
C, F2
E
F8
F18
F17
F16
Cl, H, KK
Cl, H, KK
Cl, H, KK
C, R, HH
Cl, F30
Cl, F30
F2
E
Refs.
561
291
306
510
512
512
306
306
512
512
512
510
221
221
221
221
123
221
221
322
221
221
221
221
221
123
221
319
342
140
299
284
196
284
410
376
362
95
23
561
561
561
505
538
538
13
53
139
321,393
26
321
213
153
230
334
334
334
334
334
334
334
334
334
84
Remarks page 11-157; References page 11-159
TABLE 1. cont '6

Monomer
Butyric acid, vinyl ester
Carbamic acid, vinyl-, ethyl ester
Carbazole, A^-vinyl-7H-benzo(2)Decanoic acid, vinyl ester
Ethylene
T( 0 C)
50
80
60
70
50
60
70
26.7
22.3
0.25
11
45.5
0.4
1.4
4.2
5.0
5.32
1.1
3.5
9.0
0.0
1.6
4.7
11.2
5
3.2
3.2
7.0
6.25
19.4
50
6.4
7.8
8.5
11
13.5
10.8
12.3
12.8
23.8
60
42
83
110
130
- , chloro-
50-70
20
25
30
40
50
60
Glutaramic acid, MA^-diisobutyl-,

vinyl ester
- , AW-diisopentyl-,
vinyl ester
Hexanoic acid, vinyl ester

5-Hexen-3-yn-2-ol, 2-methylIsobutyric acid, vinyl ester
Laurie acid, vinyl ester
Maleic anyhydride
Maleic anhydride/methyl methacrylate
Maleimide, A^-(3-dimethylamino-6-methyl-phenyl)
Methacrylamide
Methacrylic acid, bornyl ester
- , butyl ester
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
tert-butyl ester
o-r-butylphenyl ester
/?-?-butylphenyl ester
n-dodecyl ester
2,3-epoxypropyl ester
ethyl ester
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
0-ethylphenyl ester
p-ethylphenyl ester
glycidyl ester
hexadecyl ester
isobornyl ester
C M (xlO 4 )
60
70
80
80
60
80
50
75
60
50
60
60
50
60
70
60
60
60
60
45
60
80
90
60
60
60
70
60
51
51
51
36
5.0
46
45.5
750
100
720
10 x 105
2.85
0.54
120 x 105
0.14
0.35
30.41
2.01
80xl05
0.59
0.248
0.259
0.456
0.442
3.63
1.36
45 x 105
0.14
1.85
Remarks
Refs.
F4
Y
71
200
117
522
71
102
102
102
204
205
102
102
102
259
102
102
102
218
94
315
425
58
463
246
379
379
379
392
58
379
379
379
58
C, FlO
106
C, FlO
C, FlO
CFlO
107
107
107
200
226
200
71
175
367
542
515
162
233
515
264
9
550
550
515
198
193
193
193
193
550
550
515
138
162
R, F2
W5
W4, W5
W4
D, W
D, W
W4, W5
W4, W5
W4
C, F21,W5
W4, W5
W4, W5
W4
W3
Y
F5
F3
F4
C, F26
Y
F3
C
F2
JJl
JJl
C
C
JJl
CC
CC
CC
CC
C
C
JJl
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer
Methacrylic acid, isobutyl ester
- , n-nonyl ester
- , phenyl ester
- , o-tolyl ester
- , p-tolyl ester
Methacrylonitrile
Methyl methacrylate
J( 0 C)
35
50
60
80
100
60
27
60
60
60
25
60
70
80
0
30
40
50
60
65
70
75
80
Naphthalene, 1-vinyl1,4-Pentadiene, 1,1,2,3,3,4,5,5-octafluoroPhernol, o-vinyl2-Picoline, 5-vinyl1-Propene, 2-chloro-, 2-methylPropionic acid, vinyl ester
90
100
120
50
60
70
110
70
70
80
40
50
60
50
C M (xlO 4 )
0.189
0.179
0.14
0.165
0.224
0.301
0.382
105 x 105
400
0.61
1.13
1.06
2.08
5.81
8.00
10.05
0.128
0.148
0.117
0.260
0.15
30 x 105
242 x 105
0.10
0.15
0.477
241 x 105
0.85
0.07
0.10
0.103
0.18
240 x 105
0.20
0.17
0.20
0.23
0.265
0.29
0.30
0.45
0.807
1.37
240 x 105
0.27
0.33
0.60
0.70
0.25
0.40
0.10
0.38
0.58
290
310
300
500
130
6.7
1600
2.5
4.4
6.9
3.6
48.9
Remarks
DD
DD
F2
DD
DD
DD
JJl
R
C
C
C
Z
Z
Z
Z
D
JJ2
JJl
F2
D
JJl
C
JJO
CFlO
C, F17
D
JJl
CFlO
C
CFIl
C, F2
WlO
Refs.
193
193
264
264
193
193
193
515
534
550
550
550
125
125
125
125
69
18
69
224
508
525
528
147,327
145
224
528
69
274
34,290,317
316
145
556
123
123
267
145
440
123
123
104
224
459
528
123
123
123
123
145
123
147
145
145
216
216
216
68
186
11
27
334
334
334
158
71
Remarks page II-157; References page II-159
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer
Pyridine, 2-vinyl- , 4-vinyl2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-vinylStearic acid, vinyl ester
Styrene
T( 0 C)
15-35
25
20
50
O
25
27
30
45
50
60
67.8
70
75
80
80.3
90
99
100
110
117
132
Styrene, p-boromo-, o-chloro-
50
30
50
C M (xlO 4 )
O
6.7
4.0
69.8
O
Remarks
D
BB
0.108
0.279
0.358
0.31
0.2
0.32
0.3
0.35
0.40
0.50
0.6
0.62
0.65
0.78
0.07
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.75
0.79
0.85
0.92
1.1
1.37
20 x 10 5
1.0
O
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.96
1.16
1.35
2.0
O
1.6
5.0
5.00
0.7
0.75
1.00
4.0
0.85
1.25
1.47
1.79
1.5
1.72
1.8
1.83
2.80
1.40
2.45
3.0
3.4
5.33
23
0.25
0.25
0.28
A
BB
BB
H
F2
C, H
C
A, K
B, C, H
A
C
C
BB
A
A, F
C
JJl
CFlO
BB
B, H
A
A
C, F2
C,F10
C
C, F2
CFIl
BB
BB
CF
A
A
A
A, F
A
A
A
A, F
A
A
C
C, H
Refs.
38
283
59
71
360
17,69
69,245
17
145
318,360
245
360
354,355
318,327
388
145
145
388
146
467
34,171,223
145,240
318,360
467
145
145
447
53
234
515
34
123
104
360
388
67
145
145
123
123
123
123
123
98
360
318
34
360
145
145
145
98
145
145
145
145
318
145
145
145
145
192
62
60
60
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer
Styrene, p-iodoSuccinimide, JV-vinylValeric acid, 4-methyl-, vinyl ester
Vinyl acetate
T( 0 C)
50
55
80
-60
-40
-20
-20
O
20
25
40
45
50
60
65
70
Vinylidene chloride
50
60
C M (xlO 4 )
Remarks
Refs.
1.9
0.55
24.8
1.9
0.40
0.60
0.70
0.30
0.50
0.90
0.96
0.94
0.90
1.3
1.45
2.4
10.7
1.29
1.32
2.0
0.25
0.41
0.54
0.61
1.29
2
4.55
20
1.75
1.8
1.9
1.91
1.93
2.0
2.1
2.4
2.5
2.5
2.6
2.8
2.1
2.4
2.9
22
38
Fl
C
113
R
R
56
93
200
158
464
464
464
241
241
86
464
328
241
86
86
202
69
12
328
51
466
265
265
265
12
552
71
225
12
466
124
328
348
231
145
294
86
167
167
80
466
403
86
541
541
C P (xlO 4 )
Remarks
Refs.
D
D
D
D
D
14
D
D
17
17
D
W14
W15
C
112
C
C
C
TABLE 2. TRANSFER CONSTANTS TO POLYMERS

Polymer
Acrylamide, N,N-dimethylPoIy(N, Af-dimethylacrylamide)
Acrylic acid, ethyl ester
- , methyl ester
Poly(isoprene)
- , chlorinated
Poly (methyl acrylate)
Poly (methyl methacrylate)
Acrylonitrile
Cellulose
T( 0 C)
50
0.61
272
60
12800
M6
120
75
60
12.6
0.5
1.0
18000
C, F2
L
L
M6
308
212
105
120
1.0
11
20
L, N
L, M4
L, M5
361
361
361
60
60
TABLE 2. cont'd
Polymer
Acrylonitrile, (cont'd)
Poly(acrylonitrile)
Poly(sarcosine)
1,3-Butadiene
PoIy(1,3-butadiene)
Ethylene
-, chloro
Poly(oxyethylene), dodecyl ether
Methacrylic acid, butyl ester
-, dodecyl ester
-, ethyl ester
Poly(isoprene), chlorinated
Poly (vinyl chloride)
Methyl methacrylate
Poly(ethylene)
Poly(isoprene), chlorinated
T(0C)
50
60
60
60
Poly(vinyl urethane)
Rubber, natural
2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-vinyl-dextran
Dextran
376
135
25
25
25
25
23
C,
C,
C,
C,
C,
C,
C,
C,
C,
C,
50
60
780
60
7700
M6
120
60
12800
M6
120
C, F2
C, F28
308
308
70
70
18.3
21.0
50
80
40
0.6
23.4
1.5
360
0.22
1.5
1.5
360
360
1000
0.1
1.5
2.1
360
2.48
0.22
1000
0.04
1.0
0.42
0.75
2.20
2.95
2.0
2.8
11
10.0
17
10.9
11.0
80
90
Poly(vinyl acetate)
F14
L
N
M2
M3
M
Refs.
11
108.40
150.70
194.81
214.46
337.31
256.85
195.81
199.89
155.78
348.46
60
Poly(styrene)
4.7
3.5
0.2
240
900
1270
400
Remarks
50
174.8
201.6
215.0
231.2
230.3
229.2
230.3
230.4
230.5
256.0
50
Poly(propylene)
C P (xlO 4 )
50
130
50
60
80
60
80
70
50
50
50
5
5.87
W20, F32
W20, F32
W20, F32
W20, F32
W22, F32
W21, F32
W20, F32
W19, F32
W18, F32
W20, F32
142
540
540
540
540
540
540
540
540
540
540
211
278
C, F17
N
M
N
N
M
M
N
M
N
M
N
M
C
C, F28
C, F8
C
209
307
326
326
147
326
327
326
327
147
105
326
262
326
262
147
147
292
209
292
148
262
262
263
263
250
308
157
258
258
333
203
TABLE 2. cont'd
Polymer
Styrene
Poly(oxyadipoyloxy-2,2-dibromomethyl trimethylene)
Poly(oxyethylene)
- , dodecyl ether
Poly(oxythexamethyleneoxy sebacoyl)
T( 0 C)
60
70
70
60
80
50
60
Poly(propylene)
Poly(styrene)
80
100
60
66
130
50
55
60
73.5
85
90
100
110
Poly(vinyl acetate)
Poly(2-vinylpyridine)
Vinyl acetate
Poly(oxyethylene)
- , dodecyl ether
Poly(styrene)
Poly(vinyl acetate)
130
154
100
130
50
60
60
60
75
40
60
75
-15
0
11
21
31
40
50
C P (xlO 4 )
4.05
19
14
20
13
0.4
<0.3
1110
1140
16.4
17.5
5.7 x 104
32 x 104
3.74
6.04
0.025
26
0.3
0.30
1.9
4.5
14.0
16.6
15
0.8
1.9
3.1
15.4
15.8
16.6
1.0
1.4
5.8
2.0
9.2
10.8
1.8
1.5
6.6
9.2
160
8-10
17
40
10
40
750
21
26
12
15
19
0.36
0.5
1.7
2
4
16
11.2
30.9
32.0
0.06
Remarks
L
MlO
MlO
C, N
N
M
N
M
Ml
Ml
M7
M6
C
Ml
Ml
C
C
N
N
M
M8
M9
O
O
O
W15
Refs.
325
562
562
278
394
327
326
326
327
64
64
120
120
262
262
292
486
292
207
144,148
327
327
176
177
105
73
105
64
64
176
8
8
327
276
177
176
43
43
263
263
250
279
277
277
277
277
271
263
263
263
263
263
97
97
350
145
145
145
12
43
263
265
TABLE 2. cont'd
T( 0 C)
Polymer
Vinyl acetate {cont'd)
Poly (vinyl acetate) (cont 'd)
60
60-70
70
Poly(vinyl acetate-co-vinyl chloride)
TABLE 3.
60
C P (xlO 4 )
Remarks
0.11
0.15
3
10.2
1.2
1.4
1.8
1.9
2.5
3.0
4.0
6.8
8.0
47.0
3.5
2
4
0.21
3.0
W14
P
O
VCL-Part
VOAC-Part
Refs.
265
265
43
12
124
168,169
348
328
329
165
105
12
105
263
350
403
403
166
166
TRANSFER CONSTANTS TO CATALYSTS AND INITIATORS
Catalyst/Initiator
Acrylamide
Bisulfite ion
Hydrogen peroxide
Acrylic acid, benzyl ester
Isobutyronitrile, 2,2'-azobis-
- , ethyl ester
Isobutyronitrile, 2,2'-azobis- , methyl ester
Benzoyl peroxide
2-Butanone, peroxide
T(0C)
tert-Butyl peroxide
Chloroform/CuCl2
Acrylonitrile
Azodiphenylmethane, benzyl-
-, cyclohexyl-
Remarks
0.17
0.0005
0.0258
0.028
55
60
65
0
0
0
291
291
291
65
306
55
60
65
70
65
60
70
65
70
75
120
0.0143
0.0246
0.0375
0.01
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.077
0.113
0.113
0.01
0.0266
0.00047
0.00082
0.00111
600
F13
D
F13, LL
F13, LL
Refs.
75
25
50
60
70
75
Ci
C, FlO
FlO
FlO
Q(5-19), Fl
352
92
560
560
221
221
221
322
221
123
221
221
123
221
221
221
221
221
221
551
50
60
0
0
F16
362
95
50
60
80
50
60
80
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.02
0.04
0.05
R
R
R
R
R
R
536
536
536
536
536
536
TABLE 3. cont'd
Catalyst/Initiator
Azodiphenylmethane (cont'd)
- , 1-phenylethyl-
- , 2-propyl-
Benzoic acid, vinyl ester

Benzoyl peroxide
Isobutyronitrile, 2,2'-azobis3-Buten-2-one, 3-methylBenzoyl peroxide
Ethylene
Azoethane, 1,1 '-dimethylEthylene, chloroValeronitrile, 2,2'-azobis[2,4,4-trimethylMaleic anhydride
Benzoyl peroxide
Methacrylonitrile
Isobutyronitrile, 2,2'-azobisMethyl methacrylate
Acetophenone, 2-diazo-2-phenyl/7-Anisoyl peroxide
Benzoyl peroxide
2-Butanone peroxide
T (0C)
Remarks
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.02
0.04
0.05
80
80
0.0527
0
26
26
80
0.0509
84
83
0.5
0.51
25
0.85
425
75
2.63
175
60
125
70
60
50
60
0.0
0.037
0.01
0
0.02
0.0025
0.00698
459
316
145
34
145
123
123
65
75
80
tert-Buty\ hydroperoxide
terf-Butyl peroxide
Butyronitrile, 2-ethyl-,2,2'-azobis- , 2-methyl-, 2,2'-azobis- , 2,3,3-trimethyl-, 2,2'-azobisCinnamoyl peroxide
Cobalt, [bis-[ja-[(2,3-butane-dionedioximato)(2-)-O,O;]]
tetrafluorodiborato(2-)-A^',vV",;V'']-
60
20
60
60
60
60
Cyclohexanecarbonitrile, l,l'-azodiCyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 1-methyl2-(9/-anthryl)-, methyl ester

Hydrogen peroxide
Hydroperoxide, a,oc-dimethylbenzyl
60
Methane, diazodiphenylPalmitoyl peroxide
70
60
60
50
60
70
60
Peroxide, bis(ra-chlorobenzoyl)
- , bis(o-chlorobenzoyl)
60
60
60
60
0.0033
0.0033
0.0040
0.0092
0.00553
0.00667
0.0071
0.0089
0.0111
0.0128
1.27 x [cat]
< 0.0001
0
0
0
0.009
36000
2500
0
0.002
0.046
0.33
0
0
0.0
0
0.16
0.003
0.019
0.35
0.8
0.009
0.012
R
R
R
R
R
R
Refs.
50
60
80
50
60
80
70
- , bis(p-chlorobenzoyl)
- , bis(m-nitrobenzoyl)
C1
D, W
D, W
12
F2
F17
FlO
FIl
FIl
F2
FlO
F17
C, D
536
536
536
536
536
536
204
205
123
123
123
123
123
123
123
123
123
123
34
35
317
317
317
316
563
F17
317
440
FIl
F2
FlO
111
FlO
110
563
290
34
327
34,290,317
267
316
145
316
316
290
145
316
316
TABLE 3.
cont'd
Catalyst/Initiator
Methyl methacrylate (cont'd)
- , bis(p-nitrobenzoyl)
- , bis(m-phenylazobenzoyl)
2-Tetrazene, 1,1,4,4-tetramethyl0-Toluoyl peroxide
Valeronitrile, 2-methyl, 2,2'-azobisStyrene
Acetyl peroxide
p-Anisoyl peroxide
Benzoyl peroxide
J(0C)
Ci
60
50
30
60
0.144
0.00001
0.038
0.046
0.06
0
60
70
70
22
50
60
70
80
Cobalt, [Bis-[^-[(2,3-butane-dionedioximato)(2-)-O,O/]]
tetrafluorodiborato(2-)-N,iV/,A^//,N//]Di-3-phenylazo benzoyl peroxide
2-Butanone, peroxide
50
70
90
50
70
75
Butyl peroxide
sec-Butyl peroxide
tert-Buty\ peroxide
60
70
80
60
80
60
80
60
70
80
Butyryl peroxide
Cinnamoyl peroxide
Crotonyl peroxide
Cyclohexanone peroxide
Ethyl peroxide
Formamide, 2-cyano-2-propylazoFuroyl peroxide
Hexanoyl peroxide
Hydroperoxide, a,a-dimethylbenzyl
70
70
70
60
60
80
100
70
70
40
0
0.074
0.1
0.13
0.048
0.055
0.101
0
0.075
0.12
0.18
0.13
0.813
1500
6.7
5.5
4.8
0.46
0.0667
0.1250
0.1670
0.1250
0.1670
0.2000
0.243
0.035
0.051
0.060
0.063
0.064
0.066
0.003
0.00076
0.00092
0.0029
0.0004
0.0021
0.00023
0.0003
0.0006
0.00086
0.0013
0.039
0.0022
0.0033
0.018
1.10
0.146
0.062
0.00066
0.0024
0.17
0.23
0.166
0.052
Remarks
C
D
111
F17
R
R
R
H
F2
FlO
FIl
F2
FlO
FIl
H
F6
F2, F5
F9
F2
F9
F2
F2
F9
F2, F12
F2
F2
F2
F2
Refs.
316
282
483
316
145
317
87,217
87
65
58
171
240
234
217
87
67
58,65
58,65
530
563
527
527
527
388
123
123
123
123
123
123
123
171
388
399
400
400
400
385
302
302
302
301
301
303
303
303
300
304
400
303
385
87
87
87
33
301
301
47
87
87
388
TABLE 3. cont'd
T( 0 C)
Catalyst/Initiator
Styrene (cont'd)
Hydroperoxide, a,a-dimethylbenzyl (cont'd)
-, a,a-dimethylbenzyl,
/?-isopropylIsobutyronitrile,2,2'-azobis-
50
60
70
70
50
60
Isopropyl peroxide
Lauroyl peroxide
60
80
70
p-Menth-8-yl hydroperoxide
Myristoyl peroxide
84
50
70
2-Naphthoyl peroxide
Nickel peroxide
Octanoyl peroxide
70
60
70
Oleoyl peroxide
Palmitoyl peroxide
Peroxide, bis(p-acetoxybenzoyl)
-, bis(ra-bromobenzoyl)
-, bis(o-[bromobenzoyl)
70
70
70
70
50
70
70
70
70
22
70
70
70
60
70
50
70
70
70
50
70
70
70
70
70
90
70
50
70
70
70
80
90
80
90
80
90
80
90
70
-, bis(/?-bromobenzoyl)
- , bis(p-ter-butylbenzoyl)
-, bis(m-chlorobenzoyl)
Peroxide, bis(o-chlorobenzoyl)
- , bis(p-chlorobenzoyl)
- , bis(/7-cyanobenzoyl)
- , bis(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
bis(oc,a-dimethylbenzyl)
bis(m-fluorobenzoyl)
bisO-fluorobenzoyl)
bis(p-fluorobenzoyl)
bis(hydroxyheptyl)
bis(m-iodobenzoyl)
bis(/?-methoxycarbonyloxy-benzoyl)
bis(m-nitrobenzoyl)
bis(/?-nitrobenzoyl)
bis(m-phenylazobenzoyl)
- , bis(5-phenyl-2,4-pentadienoyl)
- , bis(2-thiophenecarbonyl)
-,
-,
-, butylidenebis[rm-butyl
tert-butoxymaleoyl
tert-butoxyphthaloyl
-, sec-butylidenebis[terf-butyl
-, isobutylidenebis[terr-butyl
- , isopropylidenebis[tert-butyl
Pinanyl hydroperoxide
Ci
0.069
0.063
0.082
0.10
0.033
0
0
0
0
0.012
0.16
0.0003
0.0015
0
0.024
0
0.048
0
0.116
0.178
0.00265
0
0.098
0.154
0.142
0.187
0.465
1.0
2.17
0.193
0
0.346
2.0
1.91
0.216
0.804
2.9
2.6
0.01
0.246
0.40
0.219
< 0.005
0.262
0.208
6.2
7.4
5.5
4.8
5.24
0.23
0.38
1.52
0.018
0.00077
0.00140
0.00072
0.00115
0.00083
0.00155
0.00040
0.00105
0.026
Remarks
H
H
H
F2
H
F2
F2
C, F2
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
H
Refs.
388
171
388
399
388
327
388
171
318
468
447
301
301
217
87
217
388
217
87
87
266
217
87
87
87
87
87
58,65
87
87
87
87
65
87
217
87
217
217
388
87
87
87
388
87
87
87
87
281
281
87
65
65
87
87
411
411
411
411
411
411
411
411
388
TABLE 3. cont'd
Catalyst/Initiator
Styrene (cont'd)
Pivalonitrile
Propylene, oxidized
Propyl peroxide
Sorboyl peroxide
Stearoyl peroxide
Succinonitrile, tetramethyl2-Tetrazene, 1,1,4,4-tetramethylo-Toluoyl peroxide
/7-Toluoyl peroxide
9-Undecenoyl peroxide
Valeronitrile, 2,2/-azobis[2,44-trimethylVinyl acetate
Benzoyl peroxide
T( 0 C)
60
60
70
60
70
70
60
30
70
50
70
70
25
60
Lauroyl peroxide
Palmitoyl peroxide
65
50
60
60
60
Peroxide, bis(m-bromobenzoyl)
60
- , bis(o-bromobenzoyl)
60
- , bis(/?-bromobenzoyl)
- , bis(o-chlorobenzoyl)
60
60
Isobutyronitrile, 2,2/-azobis-
Ci
0.000038
1.01
1.14
0.00084
1.19
0.154
0.000037
0.038
0.175
0.17
0.003
0.19
0.065
0.59
0.032
0.09
0.15
0.040
0.025
0.055
0.10
0.10
0.17
0.24
0.6
0.25
3.5
0.17
0.17
Remarks
13
13
13
13
Refs.
468
396
396
305
87
87
468
483
87
65
87
65
87
426
465
231
80
466
466
466
80
80
145
80
145
80
145
80
145
TABLE 4. TRANSFER CONSTANTS TO SOLVENTS AND ADDITIVES

Solvent/Additive
Benzene
/7-Benzoquinone
-, 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro- , 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl- , 2,3,5-trichloroCarbon tetrachloride
Phosphorus trichloride
Acrylamide
Acetonitrile
tris(2-Carbamoylethyl)amine
Iron(III) chloride
Isopropyl alcohol
Methanol
Propionamide
Water
Acrylic acid, butyl ester
Aniline, MN-dimethylEthanol
Methanol
Propanol
Iso-propanol
J( 0 C)
C s (xlO 4 )
Remarks
80
80
80
80
80
100
40
21.0
5.2 x 105
16 x 105
4.14 x l O 4
5.5 x 105
2.0 x 104
1.0 x 104
J
J
J
J
C
C, D
25
50
80
30
25
60
5.5
85
4.26 x 104
19
7.2
0.13
220
64
25
40
50
80
80
80
80
0.204
5.8
380
4.28
0.47
3.78
14.12
F13
Fl 3
Refs.
273
27
27
27
27
210
214
F13
F13, S
C, F13
E
E
564
564
75
353
353
130
103
103
C, F13
F13
437
444
A, R
F31, A, R
A, R
A, R
161
548
548
548
548
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
Acrylic acid, ethyl ester
Acetic acid
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Aniline, A^-dimethylBenzene
-, bromo- , chloro- , ethyl-
2-Butanone
Butyl alcohol
sec-Butyl alcohol
terf-Butyl alcohol
Butyric acid
Chloroform
Cumene
Cyclohexane
T( 0 C)
50
80
100
40
60
80
100
50
60
80
100
50
50
60
80
100
60
80
100
40
80
100
40
60
80
100
50
60
80
90
40
60
80
100
45
63
80
100
40
60
80
100
80
40
60
70
80
100
40
60
70
80
100
50
60
80
90
50
60
C 8 (xlO 4 )
0.176
0.537
1.05
0.207
0.27
1.10
2.30
0.158
0.245
0.55
1.43
2300
0.016
0.22
0.27
0.45
0.525
2.2
0.163
0.685
3.34
0.054
0.37
1.68
0.668
11.6
16.80
28.7
1.44
0.151
1.92
3.29
4.45
1.28
2.91
5.85
12.6
10.6
18.5
22.20
31.5
0.068
0.17
0.712
1.64
0.855
0.332
0.90
3.2
1.13
1.55
2.80
0.195
0.89
1.57
1.49
4.74
11.7
13.8
22.2
26.0
28.9
0.48
0.61
Remarks
A
A
C
A
A
A
A
F16
C
C
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
C
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
C
A
A
C
C
A
A
A
A
C
Refs.
472
471
472
472
134
471
472
472
472
471
472
228
472
472
133
134
471
472
472
471
472
472
471
472
472
472
471
472
472
134
472
471
472
472
472
471
472
472
472
471
472
472
472
471
472
471
472
472
416
134
471
472
472
134
134
471
472
472
472
471
472
472
472
134
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
Acrylic acid, ethyl ester (cont'd)
cyclohexane (cont'd)
Dimethylformamide
Ethanol
Ethyl acetate
T( 0 C)
C s (xlO 4 )
Remarks
80
100
50
80
50
60
1.22
3.08
0.1
4.38
0.298
0.448
0.69
0.89
1.82
0.046
0.524
0.593
0.97
1.46
2.1
3.31
4.65
8.06
21
28.70
0.32
1.70
0.36
A
A
F7
A, R
80
100
80
50
60
80
100
45
63
80
100
Formic acid
Heaxane
Isobutyl alcohol
Isopropyl alcohol
80
60
Methanol
80
Propanol
Toluene
80
40
50
60
70
80
100
- , 2-ethylhexylester
Toluene
- , methyl ester
Acetone
70
80
28.70
2.13
60
80
0.23
0.622
1.1
<2.5
480
<1.0
60
42.1
26.7
72.7
1000
0.326
0.45
0.52
0.986
0.71
309
6.056
46.4
2040
107
<1.0
600
1890
1000
3.92
400
1200
33.1
1600
Acetophenone
Aluminum, triethyl
Aniline
-,MTV-dimethyl- , m-nitro-,p-nitroAnisole, m-nitroAnthracene
Benzene
50
60
50
50
50
50
50
50
80
- , chloro-
80
- , 0-dichloro-,
-,ethyl- , nitro- , 1,3,5-trinitroBenzoic acid, /?-nitroBenzonitrile
Copper(II) chloride
Phosphine, tributylPhosphorus trichloride
Propanol
Silane, dimethyphenyl- , methyldichloro- , tetraethyl- , trichloro-
ra-dinitro-
4.73
0.88
0.611
0.929
1.37
1.84
2.60
6.80
80
50
80
50
50
50
50
120
60
40
80
60
60
60
60
C
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
C
A, R
C
4
A, R
A,R
Refs.
471
472
510
548
472
472
134
471
472
471
472
472
471
472
472
472
471
472
445
548
134
472
548
C, F17, R
C, F17, R
C, F17, R
C
A
A
548
472
512
512
512
134
471
471
C, F17, R
C, F17, R
512
512
470
332
111
15
156
15
228
15
15
15
15
332
111
111
332
111
15
332
15
15
15
15
565
156
214
548
539
539
156
539
C
F2, S
F16
C
C
C
F34
F2
C, D
A, R
A, R
A, R
F2
A, R
TABLE 4.
cont'd
Solvent/Additive
Acrylic acid, methyl ester(cont'd)
- , triethyl- , triphenylStearic acid, methyl ester
Toluene
- , m-nitro-,/7-nitroTriethylamine
Tripropylamine
- , tetrahydrofurfuryl ester
Acrylonitrile
Acetaldehyde
Acetamide, AW-dimethylAcetic acid
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Acrolein, bis(2-ethoxyethyl)acetal
- , bis(2-butoxyethyl)acetal
Aluminum, hydrodiisobutyl
-,triethyl
- , triisobutyl
Aniline
- , N,N-diethy\-
T( 0 C)
Remarks
Refs.
A, R
A, R
50
50
60
60
300
800
0.751
2.7
1.775
2.7
41.2
48.6
400
470
539
539
441
21,24
332
111
15
15
24
156
40
1.0
C, F2
60
60
60
60
80
50
50
50
50
60
50
60
60
60
60
60
100
100
40
50
60
40
50
60
Aniline, AW-dimethyl-
40
50
60
Anthracene
Arabinose
Benzene
- , bromo- , tert-butyl- , chloro-,ethyl- , iodoBenzoic acid, vinyl ester
/7-Benzoquinone
Borane, tributyl
2-Butanone
- , 3-methyll-Buten-3-yne
Butyl alcohol
sec-Butyl alcohol
tert-Butyl alcohol
C s (xlO 4 )
50
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
65
50
60
60
60
50
60
60
60
14
47
4.945
5.05
0.81
1.7
1.13
0.7
2.0
120
90.5
3940
590
17.0 x 104
28.0 x 104
32.0
44.0
9600
1.22 xlO 4
215
5.8IxIO 4
359
9.38 x 104
547
14.3 x 104
605
1.19 xlO 4
708
1040
1.5 x 104
1.54 xlO 4
870
964
2.18 xlO 4
1.8 x 104
13.0
2.46
1.36
1.93
0.79
35.73
5.19
1400
1.3 x 104
6470
6.43
21.08
3800
15.42
97.55
0.44
F2
F
F7
F14
F14
F
F14
Fl 5
F7
F7
F7
F7
F7
F7
F2, G
F2, J
F16, G, J
F16, G, J
F2, J
F16, G, J
F2, J
F16, G, J
F2, J
F16, G, J
F2, J
F16, G, J
F2, J
F16, J
F16, G, J
J
F2, J
F16, G, J
F8
G
G, S
G
G, S
G
G, S
F7
G
G
F7
G
G
G
319
436
377
375
197
377
377
95
377
86
499
156
156
156
247
247
229
229
227,229
229
229
229
229
227,229
229
229
229
229
229
161
228
227,229
24
229
229
15
361
95
95
95
95
95
95
136
15
156
95
95
377
95
95
95
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
Acrylonitrile (cont'd)
Butyric acid, 4-hydroxy-y-lactone
Cadmium, dibutyl
Carbonic acid, cyclic ethylene ester
Carbon tetrabromide
T( 0 C)
50
60
50
60
50
60
Copper(II) chloride
60
80
60
80
35
Copper(II) sulfate
60
35
Chloroform
Crotonaldehyde
Crotononitrile, transCumene
Cyclohexane
-,methylDimethylamine
m-Dioxane, 5,5-dimethyl-2-vinylm-Dioxane, 5,5-dimethyl-2-vinyl- , 4-methyl-2-vinyl- , 2-vinyl1,3,-Dioxolane, 2-vinyll,3-Dioxolane-4-methanol, 2-vinylDiphenylamine-T
Erythritol
Ethane, 1,2-dichloro- , 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro- , 1,1,1-trichloro- , 1,1,2-trichloroEthanol, 2,2MmInOdI- , 2,2',2"-nitrilotriEther, dodecyl vinyl
Ethyl acetate
Formamide, N,N-dimethyl-
50
50
60
60
60
50
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
30
30
50
60
20
25
40
50
60
C s (xlO 4 )
0.658
0.74
5.5 x 104
0.073
0.33
0.39
0.474
0.5
0.511
1.0
0.128
400
500
1900
0.85
1.13
5.64
5.90
1.8 x 105
1.9 xlO 5
3.2 xlO 5
10 x 105
1900
2800
3000
1.07 x 104
1.35 xlO 4
3.93 x 104
13.6 x 104
21.OxIO 4
47
19
41.41
2.06
2.31
175
2.20
4.40
2.71
16.60
2.40
700
12.8
1.47
3.11
1.25
1.68
10.1
76.0
4.95
2.54
1.4
4.97
3.24
1.0
2.70
2.78
2.8
2.83
10
2.412
4.494
5.0
Remarks
F7
F7, J
G
C
G
C
U(0.01)
U(0.1)
U(l.O)
F7
F13, J
J, V(0.0001)
J, U(0.01)
J, V(0.001)
J, U(0.1)
J, V(O.Ol)
J, U(LO)
J, V(0.1)
F7
F7
G
G
G
F7
F7
F7
F7
F7
F7
F7
F8
G
G
G
G
F13
F13
C
G
C, J, F7
D, J
E
F7
F15
Refs.
375
374
156
293
197
374
375
404
458
356
293
493
20
24
96
336
95
336
402
402
402
37
402
402
402
402
402
402
402
402
377
377
95
95
95
377
498
498
498
498
498
61
361
95
95
95
95
476
476
4
95
248
91
458
347
374
197
377
375
356
347
22
86
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
Formamide, A^N-dimethyl- (cont'd)
-, Af-methylFormic acid
Glucose
ot,D-Glucoside, methyl- , -, 6-deoxy-6-iodo- , - , 6-deoxy-6-mercapto- , - , 6-deoxy-6-phthalimido- , -, 2,3-di-O-benzyl- , -, 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl- , -, 6,-O-(/?-toluenesulfonyl)- , - , 6-O-triphenylmethylP,D-Glucoside, methyl- , - , 6-deoxy-6-dipropylaminoGlutaronitrile, 2,4-dimethylGlyceraldehyde
Glycerol
2,4,6-Heptanetricarbonitrile
1-Heptanol, 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7-dodecafluorol,5-Hexadien-3-yne
Hydrocyanic acid
T( 0 C)
50
50
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
50
60
60
50
60
50
50
Indium, triethyl
Iron(III) chloride
Isobutyl alcohol
Isobutylene
Isobutyronitrile
60
60
60
60
50
60
Lactonitrile
Lead, tetraethyl
Magnesium perchlorate
Mercury, diethyl
Methane, dichloro- , nitroMethanol
Methylamine
2,6-Octadiene, 2,6-dimethylOxime, acrolein
-, crotonaldehyde-, ethylisopropenylketone-, methacrolein-, methylacrolein-, methylvinylketone-, methylisopropenylketone-, methylisobutenylketone1-Pentanol, 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octa-fluoro1-Pentanol, 4-methylPiperidine, 1-ethyl- , 1-methyl1-Propanol, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoroSilane, tetraethyl
Sorbitol
Stibine, tributyl
Succinonitrile
Sulfur dioxide
Tin, tetrabutyl
Toluene
50
60
50
60
60
60
50
50
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
50
60
50
60
o-Toluidine, MN-dimethyl-
40
50
C s (xlO 4 )
1.8
0.5
6.9
20
50
1300
60
90
30
10
80
20
1100
0.6
32.1
23.5
1.0
1.9
1.17 x 104
0.81
6.2
2220
3.33 x 104
24.06
70
1.3
1.8
3.5
4.0
1
243
< 0.05
72.2
3.06
6.0
0.5
175
450
6.26 x 105
2.05 x 104
1.03 x 104
9.41 x 104
5.35 x 104
1.2 x 104
1.71 x 104
2.65 x 104
1.9
11.79
3300
2300
1.5
21.0
6.1
11.1 x 104
0.6
0
80.8
1.153
2.632
3.2
5.83
272
334
Remarks
Refs.
F14
F14
F8
F7
F7
F7
F7
F7
F7
F7
F7
F7
F7
F14
F8
F8
F14
F2
F7
F14
F
F7
F7
G
377
377
361
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
376
361
361
376
442
377
377
436
156
19
95
553
376
376
135
86
377
156
376
156
95
86
377
377
6
555
555
555
555
555
555
555
555
442
95
24
24
442
156
361
156
86
362
156
347
347
21
24,95
229
229
F14
16
F15
F14
F7
F7
G
F15
F14
F7
F2
G
J
J
F2
F7
F8
F7
F7
G
G
G
F2, J
F2, J
Remarks page 11-157; References page II-159
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
T( 0 C)
0-Toluidine, ^//-dimethyl- (confd)
Tributylamine
Triethylamine
Trimethylamine
Tripropylamine
Zinc, diethyl
Zinc chloride
Acrylonitrile/styrene (38.5-61.5 mol%)
Methanol
Anisole, /?-vinylAnisole, /?-isopropylBenzonitrile,/7-isopropylCumene
-,/7-bromo-,/7-tert-butyl-,/?-chloroBenzoic acid, vinyl ester
Benzene
Benzoic acid, isopropyl ester
2-Butanone
Chloroform
Cyclohexane
1,3-Butadiene, 2-chloro1-Butene, 3-chloro-3-methyl2-Butene, l-chloro-3-methyl2,6-Octadiene, 2,7-dichloro3-Buten-2-one, 3-methylBenzene
-,ethylCyclohexane, methylToluene
Butyraldehyde, divinyl acetal
Aniline, N,TV-dimethylBenzene
Butyl alcohol
tert-Butyl alcohol
1,3-Dioxolane, 2-propylButyric acid, vinyl ester
Benzene
Carbamic acid, vinyl-, ethyl ester
Acetone
Benzene
Chloroprene
3-Chloro-(methyl-14C)l-butene(4-14C)
3-Cfcloro-2-pentene-(2,4-14C)
/?-Dioxin, 2,3-dihydro-/maleic anhydride
Benzene
Carbon tetrabromide
Chloroform
/7-Dioxane
Toluene
m-Xylene
60
60
60
50
60
60
60
50
C s (xlO 4 )
30200
463
6700
1700
1900
3800
5900
6600
175
790
4820
1.05 x l O 4
1.06 x l O 4
0.006
Remarks
Refs.
F16, G, J
F2, J
J
T
227,229
229
24
20
20
22
24
24
377
24
156
24
156
410
F7, J
J
F7
J
F7
J
F7
F13
65
1.4
116
60
60
60
60
60
60
3.40
40.9
4.28
11.8
3.64
8.52
407
407
407
407
407
407
60
80
60
80
80
80
80
1.5
0.4
1.0
29.0
730
105
2.3
393
26
393
26
26
26
26
50
50
50
5.47
4.57
5.24
Fl
F2
F2
80
80
80
80
2.489
6.934
0.500
3.282
C
C
C
C
50
50
50
50
50
1060
27.7
3500
37.2
708
152
152
152
84
84
84
84
430
430
430
430
430
80
3.28
201
60
60
8.5
1.25
117
117
50
50
5.37
3.94
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
11500
100 x 105
1.7 x 105
3.6 x 104
1.07 x 104
6.OxIO 4
9.9 x 104
F2
F2
509
509
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
169
169
169
169
169
169
169
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
Ethylene
Acetamide, AW-diethyl- , AW-diisopropyl- , Ar,A7-dimethyl- , N-ethyl-,TV-methylAcetic acid, butyl ester
- , tert-buty\ ester
- , methyl ester
Acetic acid, chloro- , - , methyl ester
T( 0 C)
C s (xlO 4 )
Remarks
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
125
57
182
115
61
89
40
40
C, W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, W5
454
454
454
454
454
454
454
454
90
130
610
1210
2170
2150
2580
630
1160
1880
1990
2090
1120
C, Ql
C, Q2
C, Q3
C, Q4
C, Q5
CQl
C, Q2
C, Q3
C, Q4
C, Q5
C, W5
434
434
434
434
434
434
434
434
434
434
454
130
6700
C, W5
454
55
1800
7900
11100
13000
1900
6900
9400
10500
2000
5900
8100
11100
C, Ql
C, Q2
C, Q3
C
CQl
C, Q2
C, Q3
C
C, Ql
C, Q2
C Q3
C
435
435
435
435
435
435
435
435
435
435
435
435
700
16100
27500
38000
65700
1000
17000
27700
39000
65200
1200
15400
23600
33000
54100
130
160
165
168
282
100
1970
0.629
20
21
9.4
18
C, Ql
C, Q2
C, Q3
C, Q4
C
CQl
C, Q2
C, Q3
C, Q4
C
CQl
C, Q2
C, Q3
C Q4
C
C, W5
C, W17
C, F21, W5
C, W5
C,W5
C, F21, W5
C, W5
E, W
D
D, W
C,W5
W3
484
484
484
484
484
484
484
484
484
484
484
484
484
484
484
454
456
259
456
455
159
457
143
204
205
260
218
120
Acetic acid, cyano- , - , methyl ester

Acetic acid, dichloro- , -, methyl ester
90
120
Acetic acid, trichloro- , - , methyl ester
55
90
120
Acetic anhydride
Acetone
130
130
Acetonitrile
Benzaldehyde
Benzene
200
130
130
20
83
130
50-70
Refs.
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
T( 0 C)
Ethylene (cont'd)
-,ethyl-
130
Benzene-D6
Benzoic acid, butyl ester
-,ethyl ester
- , methyl ester
Butane
200
130
130
130
130
130
- , 1-iodo-
100
2-Butanone
130
- , 3-methyl1-Butene
200
130
130
- , 2-methyl-
189
200
130
-,3-methyl2-Butene
130
130
- , 1,4-dichloro-,2-methyl
tert-Buty\ alcohol
130
130
30
130
130
130
130
130
20
50
70
Butylamine
Butyraldehyde
Butyric acid, methyl ester
Butyronitrile
90
95
130
140
C s (xlO 4 )
Remarks
Refs.
430
480
520
560
500
5.6
140
55
53
40
45
9.45 x 104
11.3 xlO 4
12.6 x 104
550
600
750
840
330
470
560
900
570
210
530
1200
250
380
4100
470
0
2
220
3250
220
520
215
772
974
7000
32000
740
1210
20200
32500
34000
1250 200
22000 1000
43000 4000
1130 700
2000 1000
37000 3000
9800
C, W17
C, W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, F21, W5
C, W17
Ql, W14
Q2, W14
Q3, W14
C, W17
C, F21, W5
C, W5
C, F21, W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, F21, W5
B, W5
C, W5
C, F21, W5
C, F21, W5
C, F21, W5
C, F21, W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, F21, W5
E, W4
C, F21,W5
C-W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, F21, W5
E, W
CQl,
C, Ql
C, W4
C
Ql, W12
CQl
Q2, W12
Q3, W12
W12
W23, Q(I)
W23, Q(2)
W23, Q(3)
W20, Q(I)
W20, Q(2)
W20, Q(3)
C,F21,W5
456
52
454
52
455
260
454
454
454
259
456
187
187
187
456
259
455
259
52
52
259
443
455
259
259
259
259
454
454
259
482
259
454
457
454
259
143
391
391
215
210
453
391
453
453
453
518
518
518
518
518
518
259
1600
1700
1800
2200
22000
23000
30000
36000
38000
39000
60000
CQl
C, Ql, F19
C, Ql, W13
C, Ql, F20
C, Q2
C, Q2, F19
C, Ql, Wl
C Q3
C Q2, F20
C Q3, F19
C,Q2, W13
170
170
170
170
170
170
170
170
170
170
170
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
Ethylene (cont'd)
Carbon tetrachloride (cont'd)
Chloroacetic acid, methyl ester

Chloroform
Cumene
Cyclohexane
-,methylCyclopentane
Cyclopropane
Decane
1-Decene
Dibutylamine
Dichloroacetic acid, methyl ester
Dimethylamine
p-Dioxane
Ethane
- , U-bis(dimethylamino)- , l-bromo-2-chloro- , chloro- , 1,2-dibromo- , 1,1-dichloro-
T( 0 C)
C s (xlO 4 )
60000
61000
70000
90000
100000
110000
130000
140000
180000
90 590, 550, 1200
1680, 2240, 2340
28
2100
13000
15000
70
8000
30000
80
2470
15500
24900
31200
43900
95
2000120
10000 500
16000 3000
115050
5000 300
8000 1000
101
1500
4500
5400
103
2890
15400
23800
29800
41100
130
2900
140
3210
15200
22200
28000
37600
130
500
130
80
90
91
200
190
130
110
130
109
127
200
22&
130
0
130
120
189
425
189
1090
130
1070
901900, 6900, 9400
130
1900
130
320
130
6
130
1070
130
390
70
120
130
1250
70
1500
Remarks
C, Q3
C, Q3, F20
C, Q4, F20
C, Q4, F20
C, Q2, Wl
C, Q3, Wl
C, Q3, W13
C, Q4, Wl
C
C, Q(I), Q(2), Q(3)
C, Q(4), Q(5), Q(6)
E, Ql, W
E, Q2, W
E, Q3, W
C, W4
C
C, Ql, W12
C, Q2, W12
C, Q3, W12
C, Q4, W12
C, W12
W23, Q(I)
W23, Q(2)
W23, Q(3)
W20, Q(I)
W20, Q(3)
W20, Q(3)
E, Ql, W
E, Q3, W
E, Q2, W
C, Q1,W12
C, Q2, W12
C, Q3, W12
C, Q4, W12
C, W12
C, F21,W5
C, Ql, W12
C, Q2, W12
C, Q3, W12
C, Q4, W12
C, W12
C, F21, W5
C, F21, W5
C, W17
C, F21, W5
C, W5
C, F21, W5
C, W17
C, F21, W5
C, W5
C, F21, W5
C, F21, W5
B, W5
B, W5
C, W5
C, Q(I), Q(2), Q(3)
C, F21, W5
C, F21, W5
C, F21, W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, W4
C, W5
C, W4
Refs.
170
170
170
170
170
170
170
170
170
557
557
244
244
244
215
210
101
101
101
101
101
518
518
518
518
518
518
224
244
244
101
101
101
101
101
259
101
101
101
101
101
259
259
456
259
455
259
456
259
455
259
259
443
443
454
558
259
259
259
457
454
215
454
215
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
T( 0 C)
Ethylene (cont'd)
Ethane, 1,2-dichloro- , iodo-
130
65
100
- , 1,1,1-trichloroEthanol
Ethyl acetate
Ethylene oxide
Formaldehyde
Fomamide, W,TV-dimethylFormic acid, methyl ester
Furan, tetrahydroHeptaldehyde
Heptane
Hexane
1-Hexene
- , 2-ethylHydrogen
Isobutyronitrile
Isocyanic acid, butyl ester
Isopropanol
Isothiocyanic acid, butyl ester

Methane
- , bromochloro-
70
20
30
60
100
125
130
125-135
150
180
200
130
200
130
130
130
130
130
200
130
200
50-70
130
130
189
189
130
130
200
130
130
30
60
100
125
130
125-135
150
180
200
130
130
100
130
140
C s (xlO 4 )
110
1.51 x 105
1.59 x l O 5
1.65 x 105
1.1 x 105
1.36 x l O 5
1.43 x l O 5
1.48 x l O 5
1.49 x 105
500
5.71
110,210, 270
76,240, 280
89,270, 340
100,310, 320
68
69
75
190
92,260
73,350
135
45
121
7
560
260
42
288
289
401
2600
3900
4800
90
80
68
225
900
3300
159
160
400
1070
212
96,410, 520
65,310, 380
65,300, 350
75,380, 380
130
140
144
570
98,470, 460
86,440, 500
234
0
0
1600
4500
7500
8000
10000
16.OxIO 5
Remarks
C, F21, W5
Ql
Q2
Q3
Ql
Q1,W14
Q2, W14
Q3, W14
Q3
C, W4
E, W
E, Q(I), Q(3), Q(5)
E, Q(I), Q(3), Q(5)
E, Q(I), Q(3), Q(5)
E, Q(I), Q(3), Q(5)
C, W17
C, F21, W5
C, W5
C, W2
E, Q(I), Q(3)
E, Q(I), Q(3)
C, W5
C, W5
C, W17
C, F21, W5
C, W5
C, F21, W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, F21, W5
C, W5
C, W17
C, W5
C, W5
W3
C, F21,W5
C, F21, W5
B, W5
B, W5
C, F21, W5
C, W5
C, F21, W5
C, W5
C, F21, W5
C, W5
E, Q(I), Q(3), Q(5)
E, Q(I), Q(3), Q(5)
E, Q(I), Q(3), Q(5)
E, Q(I), Q(3), Q(5)
C, W17
C, F21, W5
C, W5
C, Wl
E, Q(I), Q(3), Q(5)
E, Q(I), Q(3), Q(5)
C, W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, Ql, WIl
C, Q2, WIl
C, Q3, WIl
C, Q4, WIl
C, W5
Ql, WIl, II
Refs.
259
189
189
189
452
188
188
188
452
215
143
523
523
523
523
456
259
454
381
523
523
455
454
455
259
457
259
454
454
259
455
457
457
457
218
259
259
443
443
259
454
259
455
259
454
523
523
523
523
456
259
454
381
523
523
455
454
259
2
2
2
2
454
1
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/additive
Ethylene (cont'd)
Methane, bromochloro- (cont'd)
- , chloro- , dichloro- , dimethoxy- , iodo-
T( 0 C)
70
70
130
130
65
100
Methanol
Methylamine
1-Octene
30
60
100
125
130
150
180
130
130
Pentane, 2,2,4-trimethylPentene
- , 4,4-dimethyl- , 4-methylPhosphine
- , dibutyl
- , tributyl
- , triphenyl
Phosphorous acid, dimethyl ester
Propane
130
189
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
- , 2-chloroPropane, 2-chloro-2-methyl-, 2,2-dimethyl- , 2-iodo-
200
70
70
130
65
100
- , 2-methyl-
130
- , 1,1,1,2,2,3,3,3-octafluoro1-Propene
200
130
130
Propionaldehyde
200
130
Propionic acid, methyl ester
200
90
120
C 8 (xlO 4 )
47.0 x 105
4
700
360
73
41000
45000
45000
41000
45000
45000
36, 84, 100
46, 100, 140
34, 90, 120
56, 100, 140
21
53, 120, 160
37, 120, 160
53
360
360
64
900
175
310
207000
36000
4500
50
5100
27
27.6
31
65.2
250
40
8
5.7 x 105
5.9 x 105
6.07 xlO 5
4.55 x 105
4.70 x 105
4.83 x 105
50
72
136
4
110
122
150
200
2300
3300
2830
63000
92000
1.08 xlO 5
630, 420, 780
890, 1030, 1230
78000
1.12 xlO 5
1.39 xlO 5
780, 430, 1060
1220, 1300, 1410
Remarks
Refs.
Q2, WIl, II
C, W4
C, W4
C, F21,W5
C, W5
Ql
Q2
Q3
Ql
Q2
Q3
E, Q(I), Q(2), Q(3)
E, Q(I), Q(2), Q(3)
E, Q(I), Q(2), Q(3)
E, Q(I), Q(2), Q(3)
C, F21, W5
E, Q(I), Q(2), Q(3)
E, Q(I), Q(2), Q(3)
C, W5
C, W5
C, F21, W5
C, F21, W5
B, W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, F21, W5
C, F21, W5
C, W17
C, F21, W5
C, W5
C, W4
C, W4
C, F21, W5
Ql
Q2
Q3
Ql
Q2
Q3
C, F21, W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, F21, W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, W17
C, W5
C, W5
C, Ql
C, Q3
1
215
215
259
454
189
189
189
189
189
189
523
523
523
523
259
523
523
454
52
259
259
443
454
454
457
454
454
454
259
259
456
259
455
215
215
259
189
189
189
189
189
189
259
454
455
259
52
454
52
455
457
457
457
485
485
C, Q5
C, Q(I), Q(2), Q(3)
C, Q(4), Q(5), Q(6)
CQl
485
516
516
485
C, Q3
C, Q5
C, Q(I), Q(2), Q(3)
C, Q(4), Q(5), Q(6)
485
485
516
516
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
T( 0 C)
Ethylene (cont'd)
-, 3-cyano-, methyl ester
Silane, tetramethyl
Tetradecane
1-Tetradecene
Toluene
130
130
189
189
130
Tributylamine
Trichloroacetic acid, methyl ester
Tridecane
Trimethylamine
200
130
90
130
130
Water
/?-Xylene
20
130
200
Ethylene, bromoCarbon tetrachloride

Ethylene, chloroAcetaldehyde
Aniline, A^-dimethylBenzene
Butyraldehyde
Carbon tetrabromide
60
50
50
35
50
50
60
Cyclohexane, 1,2-epoxy-4- vinylEthane, 1,2-dichloroEther, dodecyl vinyl

Furan, tetrahydroHeptane, 2,4,6-trichloroOxalic acid, diethyl ester
Pentane, 2,4-dichloroEthylene, 1,1 -dichloroPhosphorus trichloride
Ethylene, tetrafluoroEthanol
25
50
50
25
40
50
50
25
25
50
790
0
580
1760
130
154
180
220
820
1000, 1700, 2770
140
180
330
1.71
300
317
400
434
110
2700
1500
350
420
500
580
4.7 x 104
50.0 x 104
3300
1.85 xlO 4
7.45 x 104
12.15 xlO 4
264
4.0
4.5
156
16
30
24
5
1.4
9.0
5
14
100
800
820
860
880
1540
1660
1700
350
390
100
Methanol
100
80
140
125-135
30-35
Remarks
C, W5
C, F21, W5
B, W5
B, W5
C, W5
C, W5
C, W17
C, W5
C, W5
C, Q(I), Q(2), Q(3)
C, F21, W5
C, F21, W5
C, W5
E, W
C, F21, W5
C, W5
C, W17
C, W5
50
60
Isopropanol

Benzene
1-Hexene
Cyclohexanol
Ethyl alcohol
C s (xlO 4 )
454
259
443
443
52
454
456
455
454
559
259
259
454
143
259
454
456
455
417
W8
W7
W15
F26
Ql
Q2
Q3
Q4
C, F26
G
D
C, Q5, W2
C, Q6, W2
C, Q4, W2
C, Q3, W2
C, Q3, W2
C, Q4, W2
C, Q5, W2
C, Q3, W2
C, Q4, W2
4.9
4.1 x 104
390
170
Refs.
164
161
219
500
500
500
500
492
66
418
418
418
418
428
425
392
4
425
246
164
211
315
315
211
214
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
201
C, Ql, F19
C
D
170
381
381
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
T( 0 C)
Isobutene
100
Isobutyric acid, vinyl ester

Benzene
Maleic acid, diethyl ester
Stearamide, iV-allylMaleic anhydride/methyl methacrylate
Acetone
Maleic anhydride/styrene
Aniline, A^-dimethylCarbon tetrachloride
Methacrylic acid
Bromotrichloromethane
- , butyl ester
Benzene
-, 2-(diethylamino)ethyl ester/styrene
Toluene
-, ethyl ester
Acetic acid
Acetone
Acetophenone
Benzene
-, chloro- , ethyl2-Butanone
Butyl alcohol
sec-Butyl alcohol
tert-Butyl alcohol
80
Remarks
E, Q(I)
E, Q(2)
4.49
22.4
60
Refs.
537
201
173
1.6
HH
367
60
70
930
1.04
HH
489
365
70
300
60
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
566
0.158
264
23.6
13.3
335
335
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
0.095
0.102
0.281
0.081
0.436
1.428
0.252
0.454
1.604
0.417
0.901
5.640
0.703
2.360
2.067
0.928
1.821
0.311
1.820
0.536
0.919
0.429
0.865
0.702
0.445
0.236
0.436
70
70
0.983
2.05
137
137
60
80
80
80
80
0.165
1.971
1.110
0.510
0.510
C
C
C
C
264
183
183
183
183
100
120
60
60
60
900
1000
30800
0.001
0.996
80
Cumene
Cyclohexane
Ethane, 1,2-dichloroEthane, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-
80
80
80
80
Iron(III) chloride
Isobutyraldehyde
Toluene
Methyl methacrylate
Acetaldehyde
Acetic acid
(7.1 0.2) x 104

(8.1 0.5) xlO 5
90
Chloroform
-, 1,1,1-trichloroEthyl acetate
Ethyl alcohol
Heptane
2-Heptanone
Isobutyl alcohol
2,4-Pentanedione
Toluene
- , hexadecyl ester
Cumene
- , isobutyl ester
Benzene
Chloroform
Ethane, 1,2-dichloro- , 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroMethacrylonitrile
Carbon tetrabromide
C s (xlO 4 )
60
80
6.5
0.24
C
C
C
C
A, F7
A, F7
F7
83
83
83
83
83
83
83
83
83
83
83
183
83
183
83
83
183
83
183
83
83
83
83
83
83
83
83
109
109
19
70
21
86
31
Remarks page II-157; References page 11-159
TABLE 4.
cont'd
Solvent/Additive
T ()

Acetic acid, monochloro- , dichloro- , l,l-dimethyl-2,2,2-trinitroethyl ester
- , trichloroAcetone
60
60
45
60
60
80
Acetonitrile, (m-bromophenyl)- , (p-bromophenyl)- , (m-chlorophenyl)- , (p-chlorophenyl)- , (p-methoxyphenyl)- , phenyl- , m-tolyl-,/?-tolylAcetylene,/7-bromophenyl-,/?-chlorophenyl- , /MiitrophenylAluminum, hydrodiisobutyl
- , triethyl
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
50
60
60
80
100
30
50
Aniline
- , MN-dimethyl-
60
70
80
100
60
60
80
100
60
25
60
60
60
50
50
60
- , AW-divinyl- , Af-methylp-Anisaldehyde
Anisole
- , />-ethynyl-,/j-isopropyl-,p-methylAnthracene
Azobenzene
Benzaldehyde
-,/j-bromo-, m-chloro-,p-chloro-,/?-cyanoBenzene
60
60
60
60
25
30
50
52
60
75
80
- , allyl- , bromo-,
tert-butyl-
90
60
25
80
C 8 (xlO 4 )
0.64
0.80
520
1.10
0.195
0.225
0.275
3.89
2.78
4.28
3.21
19.0
5.18
5.75
7.83
41.3
38.9
127.5
3600
1550
1240
4.2
6.3
9.0
2.45
18
30.4
430
11.3
10.8
17.0
20.0
340
7.0
10.0
13.3
1.11
0
40.3
3.46
0.57
0
100
2.5
0.86
1.43
0.96
1.03
2.06
0
0.01
0.036
0.027
0.040
0.83
0.33
0.075
0.080
0.24
0.036
400
0
0.260
Remarks
R
R
R
A
K
K
K
S
R, F2
F2
F2
F2
F16
H
A, F2
A, F2
A, F2
F2
F2
F2
D
K
C
C
A
Il
D
A
Refs.
529
529
110
529
81
31
81
462
461
462
461
461
461
462
461
151
151
151
156
547
156
424
424
424
508
228
409
161
424
270
424
424
82
424
424
424
495
16
151
406
496
15
282
86
495
495
495
495
495
16
508
147,327
81
81
181
123
31
81
145
147
502
16
31
TABLE 4. cont'd
J( 0 C)
Solvent/Additive
-, chloro-
-,/7-diisopropyl-,
- , ethyl-
25
60
80
ra-dinitro-
- , ethynyl-,
Benzene sulfonylchloride
-,/7-chloro-,/7-dimethylBenzonitrile
-,p-hydroxy- , p-isopropylp-Benzoquinone
- , 2,3,5,6-tetrachloroBenzothiazolethion, 3-allylBenzyl ether
Bibenzyl
Biphenyl, 2,2-methyleneBorane, tributylBromoform
Butane, 1-chloro-, 1,1,1-trinitro1,4-Butanediol
2-Butanone
1-Butene
- , 3,4-epoxy-2-methyl2-Butene, cis- , trans3-Buten-2-ol, l-chloro-3-methylButyl alcohol
sec-Butyl alcohol
tert-Butyl alcohol
60
50
52
60
80
60
fluoro-
25
60
60
60
25
60
50
60
44.1
50
60
44.1
60
25
60
50
60
60
60
77
80
45
60
80
60
70
75
80
40
50
80
40
50
40
50
80
60
80
60
80
60
80
Butylamine, N-nitroButyl ether

1-Butyne, 1-phenylButyraldehyde
45
60
60
50
Carbon tetrabromide
30
C s (xlO 4 )
0
0.074
0.200
0.207
5.72
52
0.501
0.766
1.311
1.350
2.1
21.9
22.3
0
5.16
8.56
4.06
0
0.162
6.0
4.99
5.5 x 104
5.7 x 104
4.5 x 104
2600
153
10.4
8.0
0.0
41.8
53.5
7.45
23
1.20
8300
0.61
1.07
0.45
0.56
0.83
0.70
3.1
5.1
29.6
3.2
4.9
3.0
5.2
18.8
0.394
0.25
0.259
0.85
0.085
0.100
0.152
0
0.8
10.8
1.47
2.25
3.40
2800 600
1000 100
Remarks
Refs.
16
81
31
81
406
15
81
81
81
31
145
151
150
16
543
543
543
16
150
479
406
194
15
42
194
502
368
368
354
567
567
156
506
31
110
421
421
290
123
123
31
287
287
269
287
287
287
287
269
479
31
479
31
81
31
81
110
86
150
500
500
500
521
521
A
Il
K
J
D
R
R
R
D
D
F2
D, C, R
A
F24
F24
C
C
C
A
A
A
A
W8
W7
D, R, JJ3a
D, R, JJ3b
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
T( 0 C)

Carbon tetrabromide (cont'd)
60
60
60
80
100
20
30
50
60
70
80
Chloroform
60
80
Copper(II) chloride
Cumene
60
60
80
-,p-bromo-
60
-, p-tert-butyl-,/7-chloroCyclohexane
60
60
60
80
80
60
60
50
79.5
80
44.1
60
79.5
79.5
60
60
60
80
45
60
80
-,methyl- , trans-lA-, diacetate

- , cis/trans-1,4-, dicarboxylic acid dimethylester
Cyclotetrasiloxane, octamethylp-Dioxane
Diphenylamine
Diphenylamine-T
Disiloxane, l,l-dimethoxy-3,3,3-trimethyl-l-phenyl- , hexamethylEpibromohydrin
Epichlorohydrin
Ethane, 1,2-dichloro- , nitro- , 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro- , 1,1,1-trichloro- , 1,1,1-trinitroEthyl acetate
80
45
60
C s (xlO 4 )
1000 500
50Od= 200
2700
1500
1900
3300
4600
0.2
20
0.20
0.82
0.925
2.40
5
20.11
18.52
0.42
0.5
1.74
2.393
2.421
3.3
24.4
0.454
1.77
1.129
1.400
1.9
1.9
105 x 105
1.9
2.56
1.9
2.4
Remarks
Refs.
D, R, JJ3c
D, R, JJ3d
F2
521
521
109
568
568
109
109
35
451
514
514
81
181
86
529
529
568
568
514
31
81
145
427
81
181
81
31
145
427
36
7
406
31
145
F2
F2
C, D
D, F2
C
R
R, H
R
R, H
A
Il
D
C
A
Il
D
F7
A
Il
3.71
2.74
3.07
12
0.10
0.195
8.46
1.16
2.5
0.080
0.222
0
0.3
0.032
0.104
16.53
9.3
0.35
0.756
2.0
0.155
0.200
0.235
0.600
1400
0.100
0.13
0.132
0.134
0.155
406
A
A
C
C
C
A
F2
R
R
A
A
C
A
C
406
406
86
31
31
569
569
450
474
31
194
46
474
474
529
529
81
81
110
81
31
81
31
110
316
290,316
216
290
290
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
T( 0 C)

Ethyl acetate (cont'd)
Ethyl alcohol
Ethylene glycol
Germane, diethylchloro- , ethyldichloro- , triethyl- , triphenylGlycerol
Heptane
1-Heptanol, 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7-dodecafluoroHydrazyl, 2,2-diphenyl-l-picryl
Hydroquinone
Indium, triethylIsobutyl alcohol
70
75
80
60
80
100
60
80
60
60
60
60
60
50
60
44.1
45
131
60
60
80
Isobutyric acid
- , methyl ester
Isopropyl alcohol
80
60
60
80
100
130
Lead, tetraethyl
Malononitrile, furfurylideneMercury, diethyl
Methane, bromotrichloro- , bromotrinitroMethane, dichloro- , nitro- , trinitro- , triphenylMethanol
1-Naphthol
2,6-Octadiene, 2,6-dimethylOleic acid, methyl ester
Oxime, acrolein- , crotonaldehyde-, ethylisopropenylketone- , methacrolein- , methylacrolein-, methylisobutenylketone-, methylisopropenylketone- , methylvinylketoneOxolane, c/s-3,4-diacetoxyPentane, 2,2,4-trimethyl1-Pentanol, 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octa-fluoro2-Pentanone, 4,4-dimethyl-5,5,5-trinitro-
60
44.1
60
30
45
60
80
60
45
60
60
80
100
45
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
50
60
45
C s (xlO 4 )
0.156
0.46
0.55
0.83
0.240
0.40
0.625
0.80
0.28
0.60
22000
39300
5800
18500
0.152
1.8
2.8
20OxIO 5
7.0
100
332
0.10
0.505
0.229
0.250
0.900
0.26
0.583
1.907
3.00
8
43
45
3.14
1.2 x 104
0.898
830
1.2 xlO 4
4.5 xlO 4
1.0 x 104
0.100
0.217
2.0
5400
4.0
0.2
0.33
0.45
<5.0
6.7
1.68
8.0
25500
500
3000
17000
5200
4700
2900
1300
1.39
1.2
2.36
400
Remarks
C
110
C
C
A
A, F2
A, F2
A
F24
F24
A, R
A, R
A, R
A, R
F2
A
A
A
A
C
C
C
S
D, Q3
D
D, Q4
A, F2
A, F2
A
C
F2
Refs.
290
146
123
123
31
423
423
49
421
421
539
539
539
539
479
206
442
194
30
398
156
81
479
81
31
31
275
81
81
49
337
337
480
156
194
156
311
311
311
110
81
81
86
110
44
423
423
49
30
324
441
7
555
555
555
555
555
555
555
555
569
206
442
110
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
- , 4-methyl3-Pentanone
Pentasiloxane, dodecamethylPhenol
- , 0-bromo-,/7-bromo- , o-chloro- , o-ethyl-,/?-ethyl- , 0-isopropyl- , /?-isopropyl-,/7-methoxy- , 2,3,4,6-tetramethylPhenyl ether
Phosphine, octyl-,phenyl- , tributylPhthalic acid, dimethylester
Piperidine, 1-nitrosoPropane, 1,2-dichloro- , 1,1-dinitro- , 2,2-dinitro- , 1-nitro1,2-Propanediol
1-Propanol, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoroPropene, 1,3-diphenyl1-Propene, 2-methylPropionic acid, 2,2,2-trinitroethyl ester
Propionitrile, 3-phosphino- , 3,3/-phosphinylidenediPropyl alcohol
Pyridine
Pyrocatechol
- , p-tert-buty\Pyrogallol
Silane, (oc-bromotolyl)trimethoxy- , bromomethylphenyltrimethoxy- , chlorotrimethyl- , dichlorodimethyl- , dichloromethyl- , diethylchloro- , dimethoxymethylphenyl- , dimethylphenyl- , hexamethoxy-^^'-thiodipropyDbis- , methyldichloro- , (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxy- , tetraethyl- , tetramethyl- , trichloro
- , trichloromethyl-
J(0C)
80
60
80
79.5
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
45
45
25
60
60
60
60
30
45
80
45
45
45
60
80
60
60
40
50
45
60
60
60
80
100
70
45
45
45
79.5
79.5
30
50
30
50
79.5
60
79.5
60
79.5
79.5
60
79.5
60
30
50
60
30
50
C s (xlO 4 )
0.700
0.833
1.729
1.775
2.7
0.145
2.5
5.0
5.0
3.5
7.2
7.5
13.3
13.3
<5.0
11.0
6.42
9.13
2.3 x 104
16.IxIO4
30.6
0.2
8.2
0.675
68
15
5
0.48
0.86
1.86
15.6
2.5
4.4
3000
1.4 x l O 4
1.3 x 104
0.69
0.84
1.25
0.176
<5
9
26
29.8
29.8
144
2.2
175
2.45
15.2
1700
0.20
0.2
300
25.8
15.2
3100
6930
5.75
5.0
1.3
5000
185
2.7
Remarks
A
Il
F24
F24
F2
A, F2
A, F2
A
R
D, F2
D, F2
A, R
R
A, R
R
R
A, R
R
D, F2
A, R
D, F2
Refs.
31
81
81
31
145
474
479
479
479
479
479
479
479
479
30
30
368
368
295
295
156
508
110
31
110
110
110
421
421
442
567
287
287
110
295
295
423
423
49
514
30
30
30
474
554
451
249
451
249
474
539
474
554
539
554
554
539
554
156
451
249
539
451
249
TABLE 4. cont'd
T( 0 C)
Solvent/Additive
- , triethyl
- , triisopropoxymethyl-
60
79.5
- , trimethoxymethyl-
79.5
- , trimethoxyphenyl-
79.5
- , triphenylSilicon chloride
60
30
50
79.5
79.5
79.5
79.5
79.5
79.5
79.5
79.5
79.5
79.5
Siloxane, l,l-dimethoxy-trimethyl-l-phenyl-di-3,3,3- , dodecamethyl penta- , l,l,l,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-phenyltri- , 1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-tri- , 1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-tri- , l,l,l,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-(3,3,3,3-tri-fluoropropyl)-tri- , hexamethyl-di- , hexamethyl-phenyl-tri- , l,l,l,5,5,5-bexamethyl-3-(2-phenylpropyl)-tri- , 3-(3-mercaptopropyl)1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-tri- , octamethyl cyclotetra- , octamethyl triSorbit-2,5-diacetate, 1,4:3,
6-, dianhydroStearamide, JV-allylStearic acid, methyl ester
Stibine, tributyl
Tin, tetrabutyl
Toluene
79.5
79.5
60
90
60
60
60
20
52
60
70
80
-, p-bromo-,
-,p-chloro-, a-chloro
- , p-ethynyl-,p-nitro-, 2,4,6-trinitrom-Tolunitrile, a-cyanop-Tolunitrile
-, a-cyanoTributylamine
Triethylamine
ra-chloro-
Tripropylamine
Trisiloxane, 1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl- , - , 3-(p-methylphenethyl)- , - , 3-phenyl- , - , 3-propyl- , - , 3-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)-
60
60
60
60
60
44.1
44.1
60
60
60
70
20
60
60
79.5
79.5
79.5
79.5
79.5
C s (xlO 4 )
200
0.697
0.697
0.331
0.331
0.053
0.053
1200
256
3.0
0.032
0.145
0.232
0.284
0.189
0.205
0.104
1.84
2.08
1284.5
0.08
0.0316
29
3.01
0.282
<1.0
1.32
0.04
0.084
0.170
0.190
0.202
0.250
0.26
0.400
0.45
0.567
0.292
0.303
0.52
0.525
0.91
0.58
0.48
0.49
4.17
64.4
0
500
4.55
0.73
1.74
25.7
1.5
8.3
1900
14.6
0.284
2.08
0.232
0.189
0.205
Remarks
A, R
Refs.
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
539
474
554
474
554
474
554
539
451
249
554
554
554
554
554
554
554
554
554
554
R
R
C
554
554
569
R
R
R
A, R
D, F2
C, J
C, D
C
C
C
C
C
C
Il
A
C
C
K
C, D
J
173
441
156
156
35
81
21,81
316
32,316,317
316
275
316
496
123
32
81
145
31
123
496
496
496
181
151
194
194
462
496
461
270
35
24
25
156
474
474
474
474
474
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
Methyl methacrylate {cont'd)
- , l,l,l,5,5,5-hexamethyl-3-phenyl- , octamethylUrea, thioWater
m-Xylene
p-Xylene
2,4-Xylenol
Naphthalene, 1-vinylNaphthalene
Nonanoic acid, vinyl ester
Toluene
1-Octene
Butyl alcohol
sec-Butyl alcohol
Ethyl alcohol
Isopropyl alcohol
Methanol
Phthalimide, N-vinylChloroform
Ethane, 1,2-dichloroMethane, dichloro2-Picoline, 5-vinylAllyl ether
1-Propene
Chloroform
1-Propene, 3-chloroCarbon tetrachloride
Hydrochloric acid
1-Propene, 2-methylCarbon tetrachloride
- , 3,3,3-trifluoroCarbon tetrabromide
Propionic acid, vinyl ester
Toluene
Propylene
Bromoethane
J( 0 C)
79.5
79.5
42
60
80.5
60
60
50
30-50
50
60
70
11.1
13.9
15.2
117-118
117-118
115-118
30-35
120-125
116-120
55
55
55
70
100
100
Styrene
Acetaldehyde
270
520
230
630
520
110
Remarks
A, R
F7, F24
4800
1.8 x 104
5.4 xlO 4
100
17.0 x 104
640000
474
474
503
268
479
529
48
496
496
479
R
R
R
357
357
357
C
C
C
D
C
C
381
381
381
381
381
381
313
313
313
21.4
(5-10) x 104
1.03 x 104
Refs.
216
3.4
0.35
0.97
100
80
11
C
C
210
210
C
Ql
Q2
210
238
238
210
C, Q(I-3)
570
1.4
50
75
1200
1400
1500
1800
1700
1900
1800
2200
2100
2700
17200 1100
33000 15000
17000 800
299000 8000
Q(I-4)
Q(I)
Q(2)
Q(3-4)
Q(I)
Q(2)
Q(3-4)
Q(l-2)
Q(3-4)
Q(l-4)
W23, Q(I)
W23, Q(2)
W24, Q(I)
W24, Q(2)
517
517
517
517
517
517
517
517
517
517
518
518
518
518
13800 800
266000 10000
W20, Q(I)
W20, Q(2)
518
518
125
Stearic acid, vinyl ester

Toluene
1.84
0.032
1.21
0
0.002
0.03
0
0.43
0.50
6.5
60
100
Chloroform
C s (xlO 4 )
150
95
50
70
20.7
21.6
60
8.5
158
R
R
357
357
86
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
Styrene (cont'd)
Acetamide, N,Af-dimethylAcetic acid
- , methyl ester
- , bromo- , chloro- , - , methyl ester
- , dibromo-, ethyl ester
- , monochloro- , dichloro-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
dichloro-, ethyl ester

iodophenyl- , ethyl ester
tribromo-
- , -, ethyl ester
- , trichloro-
-, - , ethyl ester
T( 0 C)
50
60
40
100
60
68
68
60
100
90
60
60
60
68
60
100
90
90
60
Acetic anhydride
Acetoacetic acid, ethyl ester
- , 2-acetyl, ethyl ester
Acetone
60
90
100
60
100
100
60
- , oxime
Acetonitrile
- , m-bromophenylAcetonitrile, p-bromophenyl-, m-chlorophenyl-,/7-chlorophenyl-,/?-methoxyphenyl-,phenyl-, m-tolyl-,/7-tolylAcetyl bromide
Acetyl chloride, chloroAcetylene, p-bromophenyl- , p-chlorophenyl-,/7-nitrophenylAdipic acid, diallyl ester
- , di-(3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4-nitrosocyclohexyl) ester
Allyl alcohol
Aluminum, hydrodiisobutyl
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
100
- , triethoxy- , triethyl
100
100
-, triisobutyoxy- , triisobutyl
Aniline
100
110
50
60
50
- , MN-dimethyl- , AW-divinyl-
60
C s (xlO 4 )
0.743
4.6
2.22
0.33
430
300
200
0.3
0.75
2700
28.6
0.76
35.0
1.0
1.3
8000
6.0
8.8
3.0 x 104
2.4 xlO 4
10.5 x 104
270
66.0
100
3.75
65.0
90.0
145.0
0.7
1.3
3.0
4.1
<0.5
0.32
2.2
0.44
66.7
68.5
65.2
66.0
51.0
45.1
48.5
49.2
8600
3300
188.5
161
3130
6.0
1.1 x 104
1.5
26.9 x 104
28.OxIO 4
<0.1
8.05 x 104
17.OxIO4
<1.0
28.5 x 104
20
2.0
12
53
130
Remarks
A
A
C
R
R, H
R
R, H
A
A
C
C
A
R
R, H
A
C
A
A
C
A
A
A
A
S
K
K
K
F9, J
A
A
A
A
A
A
F2
A
F2
Refs.
375
113
385
72
112
149
149
128
128
64
529
529
529
529
128
149
128
72
178
64
64
178
128
529
529
128
64
128
128
72
72
182
128
501
128
128
462
461
462
461
461
461
462
461
112
112
151
151
151
446
314
128
156
155
155,156
156
155
155
155
154
128
154
161
82
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
T ()
C s (xlO 4 )
Styrene (cont'd)
Aniline, N-methyl- , 2,4,6-trinitro/7-Anisaldehyde
Anisole,/7-ethynyl- , m-isopropyl- , p-isopropyl- , p-methyl-,2,4,6-trinitroAnthracene
- , dihydro2H-Azepin-2-one, hexahydroAzobenzene
Benzaldehyde
50
50
60
60
60
60
60
50
44.1
50
130
70
60
13
11.8 x 104
2.86
60.0
5.23
3.23
0.78
20.3 x 104
2.OxIO 4
610
0.61
750
4.54
5.5
2.6
12.2
13.7
8.63
5.6
76.7
3.9
5.8
0.01
0.018
0.023
0.028
0.04
1.92
5.50
6.67
0.061
0.121
0.156
0.184
0.23
0.31
0.42
0.81
0.89
1.5
36
1.78
3
6.22
0.04
0.06
0.193
0.55
0.133
1.50
0.235
0.874
0.54
0.6
58.5 x 104
1950
7.02
10.70
-,/7-bromo-, m-chloro-,/7-chloro-,p-cyanoBenzene
100
60
60
60
100
60
35
40
50
60
70
75
80
100
132
-, allyl-, bromo- , sec-butyl- , tert-bx\ly\-
100
60
155
60
60
- , chloro-
80
100
60
80
- , - , 2,4,6-trinitro- , 1,2-dibromoethyl-,/?-dibutyl
- , /?-di-seobutyl- , p-<\i-tert-bu\y\-
100
140
50
60
60
60
60
0.87
- , m-dichloro-
140
- , o-dichloro-,/7-dichloro-
60
60
0.2
1.4
3.4
2.6
Remarks
F2
Refs.
H
H
154
370,372
495
151
405
406
496
370,372
159
271
108
281
495
86
298
495
495
495
298
495
119
119
327
127
79
255
145
415
123
123
185
255
273
127
145
235
235
235
127
145
524
182
237
415
145
127
185
127
255
182
255
185
235
58
370,372
112
415
415
415
C
C
58
67
182
182
J
D
C, I
C
A
A
F2
F2
A
C
A, 15
H
C
C
15
C
A
A, 15
A
A
A
A
A, 15
A, R
C
A
H
A, 15
A
15
A
C
C
C
15
A
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
T( 0 C)
C s (xlO 4 )
Remarks
Styrene (cont'd)
Benzene, diethyl-, (mixture)
100
A
A
A
-, ethynyl-
60
-,
-,
-,
-,
60
60
60
40
50
60
44.1
3.35
6.33
5.13
3.30
6.60
0.67
0.70
0.710
0.83
2.7
1.07
1.113
1.38
1.62
2.2
2.33
2.31
2.9
4.9
96.3
98.3
12.76
9.43
13.30
9.48 x 105
6.43 x 105
3.51 x 105
1.3 x 105
70
50
60
60
60
44.1
60
80
45
80
80
80
80
80
25
60
60
60
80
60
60
100
100
60
100
60
100
60
100
60
60
100
60
80
100
700
5.72 x 105
40
5.3
18.6
1.4 x 105
22.7 x 105
56.6 x l O 5
53.2 x 105
4.3 x 105
21.OxIO 5
95.0 x 105
6700
2.6 x 105
71.6
62.4
3020
1.12 x 104
1.2 x l O 4
142
97.9
<0.1
34.8
0.06
0.35
0.04
0.37
1.2
0.3
0.43
1.85
5.5
3.2
5.6
9.3
-,/?-diisopropyl-,ethyl-
132
60
60
80
100
132
sec-hexylsec-pentyltri-sec-butyl1,3,5-trinitro-
Benzo[B] chrysene
Benzoic acid
-, m-(phenylazo)-, methyl ester
- , 2,4,6-trinitro-, ethyl ester
Benzoin
Benzonitrile
-,/7-isopropyl
Benzo[A]pyrene
p-Benzoquinone
/7-Benzoquinone, 2-anilino- , 2,5-dimethyl- , 2-methyl- , 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro- , 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl- , 2,3,5-trimethylBenzyl ether
Bibenzyl, ococ'-dibromoBicyclohexyl, 3,3,3',3',5,5,5',5'-octamethyl-4,4'-dinitrosoBiphenyl, 2,2 '-methyleneBorane, tributoxy- , tributyl
Butane, 1-bromo- , 1-chloro-, 2-chloro- , 2,2-dimethyl- , 1-iodo1,4-Butanediol
A
C
A, 15
C
15
C
A
A
A, 15
A
A
A
A, 15
K
J
H
H
H
J
C
A
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
D
F9, J
F9, J
A
A
A
A
A, S
A
A
A
F24
F24
F24
Refs.
235
235
235
497
406
127
79
255
145
363
185
255
235
127
145
235
235
127
145
151
150
415
415
415
372
370,372,373
372
159
281
370,372
128
150
406
159
42
27
199
27
27
27
27
27
368
368
112
314
314
567
567
156
156
128
128
128
128
128
128
304
128
128
422
422
422
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
Styrene (cont'd)
2-Butanone
T( 0 C)
1-Butene
- , 3,3-dimethyl-2-phenyl- , 2,4-diphenyl- , 3,4-epoxy-2-methyl- , 2-methyl- , 3-methyl-
60
70
75
100
110
110
80
100
100
2-Butene
- , 1,4-dichloro- , 2,3-dimethyl-
100
80
100
-,2-methyl3-Buten-2-ol, l-chloro-3-methylButyl alcohol
100
80
40
50
60
sec-Butyl alcohol
terf-Butyl alcohol
Butylamine
terf-Butyl ether
tert-Buty\ isocyanide
1-Butyne, 1-phenylButyraldehyde
60
50
60
80
100
130
60
60
80
100
60
50
- , diallyl acetal
Butyric acid, 4-hydroxy-, y-lactone
Cadmium, dibutyl
Carobonic acid, cyclic ethylene ester
- , diallyl ester
Carbon tetrabromide
60
100
60
50
100
50
60
60
80
40
60
60
60
70
80
90
100
C s (xlO 4 )
4.98
8.60
12.00
2.6
10
70
17.4
3.1
6.9
6.1
2.0
51
5.4
5.1
2.9
8.2
11.2
6.5
0.06
1.6
0.562
6.6
0.22
6.65
0.345
0.55
1.0
0.5
2.6
1.0
33.0
34.3
2.7
14.3
2.7
3.7
4.0
4.7
8.0
8.0
11.7
14.3
5.7
11.0
20.2
0.409
1170
0.235
6.2
1.3 x 104
1.4 x l O 4
1.8 x 104
1.78 x l O 4
2.2 x 10 4
2.5 x 10 4
13.6 x 10 4
4.2 x 10 4
(5.09 0.18) xlO 5
88300
40600
1.8 x 10 4
2.3 xlO 4
2.51 x 10 4
2.35 x 10 4
Remarks
C
C
C
A
A
A
A
A
A, R
A
C
A
A, R
A
F24
A
A, C
A
A
A
A
C, F2
C, F2
W8
F29, W8
F29, W16
F2, W7
F29, W7
F2, W15
F29, W15
F2
F29
A
A
E
F27, J
F9, J
F2
C
F2
Fl
A
112
F2
C
A
Refs.
182
123
123
358
433
433
269
358
358
524
358
112
358
524
358
269
119
430
128
323,385
479
430
422
385
422
261
261
128
301
301
4,75
150
412
412
414
414
413
414
413
414
413
414
128
128
446
375
156
458
446
314
314
109
64
109
109
128
487
520
568
568
61
109
64
128
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
F( 0 C)
C s (xlO 4 )
Remarks
80
100
17
248
69
84
87
90
92
98
100
109
110
120
122
144.1
130.9
148
92
110
18
117
133
34.1
148
186
185
304
300
0.41
0.5
0.566
3.40
4.0
0.50
0.916
3.3
11
33
43
22.1
39
<5
0.8
0.82
1.04
3.88
1.31
2.00
2.90
8.29
7.57
3.46
6.90
0.024
0.031
0.04
0.063
8.5
0.066
0.083
0.156
0.16
0.23
W8
Refs.
Styrene (cont'd)
50
60
60
60
76
80
85
95
Chloroform
100
132
140
60
68
80
Chloroform/acetone
m-Cresol
0-Cresol
p-Cresol
- , a-phenylCumene
60
50
50
60
50
60
60
60
80
100
- , m-bromo-,/7-bromo- , p-tert-butyl-,p-chloroCyclohexane
60
60
60
60
60
80
100
Q36
C, W8
C
C, W7
A
C
Q142
A, X
R
R, H
X
C
A
15
Q38
Q142
A
A
A
A
C
C
15
C
A
A, 15
15
A
A, 15
A
A, 15
C
F23
15
C
A
A, 15
412
412
513
513
63
401
113,183
401
128,129,210
401
366
63
223
416
114
529
529
115
568
568
236
236
185
163
63
63
128,129
129
58
501
128,210
255
182
149
185
255
501
247,248
247,248
121
247,248
121
121
7
127
145
406
185
127
145
405
406
406
406
127
79
145
255
119
185
255
273
127
145
TABLE 4.
cont'd
Solvent/Additive
T( 0 C)
Styrene (cont'd)
Cyclohexane (cont'd)
132
Cyclohexanone
-, trans-lA-, diacetate
- , cis/trans-1,4-, dicarboxylic acid dimethylester
Cyclopentanone
1-Cyclopentene- 1-carboxylic acid, 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4-nitroso-,
diester with pyrocatechol
Cyclotetrasiloxane, octamethyl1,2,3,4-Dibenzpyrene
1,2,7,8-Dibenztetracene
1,2,9,10-Dibenztetracene
p-Dioxane
Diphenylamine-T
Disiloxane, hexamethylEpibromohydrine
Epichlorohydrine
Ethane, 1,2-dibromo-,1,2-dichloro-
60
60
60
60
60
80
50
44.4
44.4
44.4
60
100
60
79.5
60
60
60
80
60
70
80
- , pentaphenyl- , 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro- , l,l,2,2-tetrachloro-l,2-difluoro- , l,l,2-trichloro-l,2,2-trifluoroEthanehexacarboxylic acid, hexaethyl ester

1,1,2-Ethanetricarboxyic acid
Ether, benzyl methyl
-, p-bromobenzyl methyl
- , p-chlorobenzyl methyl
-, /7-cyanobenzyl methyl
- , dodecyl vinyl
Ethyl acetate
Ethyl alcohol
Ethylene, 1,1-diphenylEthylene glycol
- , bis(m-phenylazobenzoate)
Ethyl ether
Fluorene
Formamide, N,AT-dimethyl-
100
60
100
90
90
50
100
68
68
68
68
60
60
70
75
100
60
80
110
60
80
100
70
60
60
100
40
50
60
100
C 8 (xlO 4 )
Remarks
0.31
12.3
0.81
0.87
1.5
7.90
16.9
4.2
3.30
A
A, R
A
A
A, 15
C
C
C
C
235
524
235
127
145
182
569
569
182
1.3 x 104
1.0 x l O 4
4.0
6.0 x 104
13.OxIO 4
13.OxIO 4
0
2.28
2.75
0.8
0.9
0.387
67.48
37.87
0.988
1.914
0.333
4.12
1.1
1.137
9.8
3.84
20000
10.8
1.13
0.84
<50
0.94
6.0
6.0
4.0
20.0
3.32
4.11
15.5
5.5
6.67
0.39
1.32
1.611
2.60
450
1.36
2.70
4.70
900
5.64
75.0
124.0
1.09
0.869
4.0
1.08
F27, J
F9, J
C
J
J
J
A, S
C
C
314
314
450
159
159
159
128
4
182
220
46
474
529
529
255
255
255
182
67
255
112
235
127
235
14
14
89
72
149
149
149
149
4
4
119
123
123
72
423
479
423
432
422
422
422
281
4
127
127
458
375
113
256
F2
R
R
C
C
C
C
C
C
A
A
A
A
A
C
C
FlO
C
C
F2
F2
A
F24
F24
F24
C
C
A
A
E
Refs.
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
T( 0 C)
C s (xlO 4 )
Remarks
Refs.
Styrene (cont'd)
Furan, tetrahydroa, D-Glucoside, methyl- , - , 6-deoxy-6-mercapto- , - , 2,3-di-O-benzyl- , - , 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acejyl- , -,6-0-(p-toluenesulfbnyl)- , - , 2,3,4-tri-0-acetyl-6-deoxy-6-iodo- , - , 6-0-triphenylmethylP, D-Glucoside, methyl- , - , 6-deoxy-6-dipropylaminoGermane, ethyldichloro- , diethylchloro- , triethyl- , dimethylchloro- , triphenylHeptane
50
0.50
100
100
100
100
100
100
55000
62
2.0
2.0
50
21
1-Heptanol, 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7-dodecafluoro1-Heptene
2-Heptene
Hexane
1-Hexene
100
60
60
60
60
60
60
100
60
100
100
100
100
2-Hexene
Hydrochloric acid
Hydroquinone
Hydroxylamine, MW-dibenzyl- , N-benzyl-N-phenyl- , iV,AT-diethylene- , W-ethyl-W-phenylIndium triethyl
Iron(III) chloride
Isobutyl alcohol
100
100
60
60
60
60
60
100
60
60
Isobutyl alcohol-D
100
130
22
56900
31600
2400
33500
23000
0.42
0.95
13.33
2.7
3.2
0.9
2.5
2.5
3.6
0
3.6
5000
3.8 x 104
2.5 x 104
20.5 x 104
1.760OxIO4
536.0 x 104
0.17
0.497
2.9
7.8
8.2
21.0
2.5
4.6
2.7
3.5
3.5
3.05
4.00
1.7
6.0
2.7
1.6
0.78
1.24
5.2
0.47
0.46
0.42
1.2
700
1200
0.82
1.2 x 104
30.0
62.0
0.88
0.72
Isobutyraldehyde
Isobutyric acid
60
Isobutyronitrile
100
130
60
60
80
100
Isophthalic acid, diallyl ester

Isopropyl alcohol
Isopropyl alcohol-D
Isopropyl-1-D alcohol-D
Lead, tetraethyl
Malonic acid, diallyl ester
- , diethyl ester
- , dimethyl ester
- , acetyl-, diethyl ester
- , bromo-, diethyl ester
- , butyl-, diethyl ester
- , dibromo-, diethyl ester
- , dichloro-, diethyl ester
- , diethyl-, diethyl ester
- , ethyl-, diethyl ester
130
100
100
100
60
60
100
100
100
60
100
100
60
60
100
100
100
449
220
220
220
220
220
220
A, R
A, R
A, R
A, R
A, R
A
A
F2
A
A
A
A
A, R
A
A
R
R
R
R
A
A
A
W8
C
A
A
A
F2
F2
A
F2
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
220
539
539
539
539
539
127
127
442
358
358
358
358
524
358
238
128
533
533
533
533
156
19
385
479
261
261
412
412
385
385
261
261
446
423
423
261
423
261
261
261
156
446
128
72
72
72
128
128
72
128
128
128
72
72
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Addition
J( 0 C)
Styrene (cont'd)
Malonic acid, phenyl-, diethyl ester
Mercury, diethyl
Methane, bis(2-chloroethoxy)- , bromotrichloro-
100
100
80
80
60-80
- , dibromo- , dichloro- , diiodo- , diphenyl- , nitro- , triphenyl-
80
60
60
80
100
60
60
100
Methanetricarboxylic acid
Methanol
60
60
80
100
100
60
- , (4-biphenylyl)phenyl(p-vinyl-phenyl)- , bis(4-biphenylyl)(/?-vinyl-phenyl)Naphthalene
- , decahydro- , 2-isopropenyl-
80
100
50
50
60
60
80
99
- , 2-methoxy- , 1,2,3,9-tetahydro-l-phenyl1-Naphthol
- , 2,4-dichloro1-Naphthol-D
2-Naphthol
Naphtho[2,3-a]pyrene
2,6-Octadiene, 2,6-dimethyl2-Octene
Oleic acid, methyl ester
60
60
60
60
60
60
44.4
60
100
60
Oxalic acid, diallyl ester

- , diethyl ester
Oxetane, 3,3-bis(chloromethyl)Oxime, acrolein
- , crotonaldehyde- , ethylisopropenylketone- , methacrolein- , methylacrolein- , methylisobutylketone-,methylisopropenylketone-, methylvinylketoneOxolane, ds-3,4-diacetoxyPentane, 1-chloro- , 2,2,4-trimethyl2,4-Pentanedione
70
90
60
60
50
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
100
100
C s (xlO 4 )
3.5
0.335
6.0
7.6 x 104
7.7 x 104
2.4 xlO 6
2.78 x 106
6.5 x 105
(6.5 0.4) xlO 5
9450
110
0.15
9.5
11.8
710
2.3
4.2
35
10
3.5
6.0
8.0
0.91
0.296
0.74
1.10
1.22
3.5
3.5
11
0.4
56
70
69
86
<5.0
10000
480
490
75
77
24.0 x 105
2.0
2.8
3.15
3.52
455
420
6.64
4.2
13.5
8.0
10800
1500
4300
13000
400
2300
1100
2700
1.89
0.49
< 10
2.0
Remarks
C
D, Q2
D, Q2
D, Q3
D, Q3
15
A
C
A
A
A
A, R
A
A
F2
F2
F2
C
J
J
J
C
A
C
C
A
F22
C
C
A
A
Refs.
72
156
112
312
195
312
195
439
504
185
112
128
112
128
112
127
127
524
86
127
44
127
72
479
423
423
423
57
57
216
127
98
98
98
98
121
467
50,121
121
50,121
122
159
324
358
441
441
239
141
441
446
119
449
555
555
555
555
555
555
555
555
569
128
155
72
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
Styrene (cont'd)
1-Pentanol, 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octa-fluoro3-Pentanone
Pentasiloxane, dodecamethyl1-Pentene
- , 4,4-dimethyl-2-phenyl- , 2,4-diphenyl- , 4-methyl-2,4-diphenyl- , 4-methyl-2-phenyl- , 2,4,4-triphenyl2-Pentene
- , 2-methyl- , 4-methylPhenol
-,/7-benzyloxy
- , p-tert-buty\- , 0-chloro-,p-chloro- , 2,6-di-terf-butyl- , 2,6-diisopropyl-,p-fluoro-, m-methoxy-, o-methoxy-,/7-methoxy- , 0-phenyl- , 2,3,4,6-tetramethyl- , 2,4,6-trinitroPhenol-D,/7-benzyloxy- , 2,3,4,6-tetramethylPhenyl ether
Phosphine, dibutyl
- , diethyl
- , octyl
Phosphine, phenyl
- , tributyl
Phosphoric acid, tributyl ester
Phosphorus, white (P4)
Phosphorus trichloride
o-Phthalic acid
- , bis(2-methylallyl) ester
- , diallyl ester
Piperidine
Propane, l-chloro-2,3-epoxy- , l-chloro-2-methyl
- , l,l,l,3-tetrabromo-3-phenyl- , 1,1,1-tribromo1,2-Propanediol
1,3-Propanediol, 2,2-bis(bromomethyl)-, diacetate
1,3-Propanedione, 1,3-diphenyl1-Propene, 3-chloro-2-methyl- , 2-methyl-, 1,3-diphenylPropionaldehyde, diallyl acetal
Propionic acid
T( 0 C)
C s (xlO 4 )
60
60
79.5
100
110
110
110
110
110
100
100
100
50
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
50
60
60
25
60
100
100
60
60
100
100
25
57
75
11.36
2.6
0.285
2.3
10
170
2900
10
2600
4.2
6.3
6.9
8.1
14
290
26
6.0
-11
49
310
54
<5
43
260
<5
580
2.1IxIO 5
10
20
7.94
7.86
2.08 x 104
1.35 x 104
3.6 x 104
43.9 x 104
24.4
<0.1
400
250
800
60
60
80
60
50
60
100
90
90
60
80
100
60
60
60
100
60
60
60
6.3
6.3
1.2 x 104
1.32 xlO 4
1.0
7.5
1.4
3.0
3.65 x 104
2.41 x 104
2.08
3.90
6.80
4.05
7.0
24.0
1.7
87.3
12.3
0.05
4.3
4.5
4.65
Remarks
F2
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
J
J
J
A
A, S
E
C, D
F9, J
F27, J
A
C
A
A
C
C
F24
F24
F24
A
A
A
A
C
A
Refs.
442
385
474
358
433
433
433
433
433
358
358
358
247,248
122
50,121
121
122
121
121
121
121
121
122
121
121
50,121
371
50
50
368
368
296
296
295
295
156
156
99
214
494
446
446
314
314
128
449
128
128
64
64
422
422
422
325
128
128
358
567
446
128
385
323
385
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
Styrene (cont'd)
Propionitrile, 3-phosphino- , 3,3'-phophinylidenediPropyl alcohol
Propylene oxide
2-Propyn-l-ol
Pyridine
Pyrocatechol
- , p-tert-buty\Pyrocatechol-D
- , p-tert-butylPyrogallol
Pyrogallol-D
Sebacic acid, diallyl ester
Silane, chlorotrimethyl- , dichlorodimethyl- , diethylchloro- , dimethylphenyl- , hexamethoxy-(3,3'-thiodipropyl) bis- , methyldichloro- , 3-mercaptopropyl-trimethoxy- , trichloro- , tetraethyl- , tetramethyl- , trichloromethyl- , triethyl- , trimethoxymethyl- , triphenyl-
T( 0 C)
60
60
60
80
100
50
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
50
50
60
60
79.5
60
79.5
60
100
50
50
60
70
80
79.5
Silicon chloride
Siloxane, hexamethyl-di- , dodecamethyl-penta- , octamethyltriSorbit-2,5-diacetate, 1,4:3,6-, dianhydroStannane, triphenylStearamide, Af-allyl-
60
70
80
50
79.5
79.5
79.5
60
60
90
Stearic acid, methyl ester
60
Stibine, tributyl
Stibene, dibromoStyrene, oe-bromo- , p-bromo-,dibromo- , a-ethyl- , a-methyl-
70
90
100
60
70
70
60
110
60
74
80
99
Succinic acid, diallyl ester

Succinonitrile, tetraphenylSulfonyl chloride, benzene-,/7-chloro-benzene- , p-methyl-benzene-
110
60
50
60
60
60
C s (xlO 4 )
50000
50000
2.00
3.14
3.60
1.6
7.0
0.6
1340
3600
260
370
10400
1600
4.8
12.5
17.8
5700
2200
118
9800
5.9 x 104
1.4 x 104
8.12
3.1
19.2
1200
33.4
36.8
0.23
0.230
3700
2.44
1.3
20.0
0.387
0.285
0.069
77
3.3 x 104
5.82
8.30
1.06
526
15.6
0.676
58.0
3020
10000
2000
1950
10
0.86
95
3.2
4.9
5.6
8.5
1.67
5.4
28000
4330
7650
3180
Remarks
A
A
F2
F2
F2
C
A
A
J
J
J
A, R
A, R
R
A, R
R
A, R
A, R
R
A, R
R
R
R
C
A, R
A, J
C, J
C
A
A
R
R
R
Refs.
295
295
423
423
423
449
128
128
50,121
50,121
50
50
50,121
50
446
249
249
539
539
554
539
554
539
156
249
249
539
90
90
474
554
539
90
90
249
554
554
554
569
539
173
173
441
239
141
441
156
112
172
172
112
439
431
343
98
98
98
98
431
446
89
543
543
543
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
Styrene (cont'd)
Sulfonyl chloride,/?-methoxy-benzene-,methane- , phenylmethane- , a-phenyl-P-(methanesulfonyl)-ethaneTerephthalamide, NX-dimethyl-MAr'-dinitrosoTerephthalic acid, diallyl ester
Tin, tetrabutyl
Toluene
T ()
60
60
60
60
40
60
60
100
60
80
100
-,p-bromo- , m-chloro-,p-chloro- , oc-chloro-, oc,a-dichloro-, p-ethynyl-,(X- 2 Hi, toluene

-, PP- 2 H 2 , toluene
- , app- 2 H 3 , toluene
- , aaa-trichloro- , 2,4,6-trinitro/?-Toluidine
- , AW-dimethyl- , Af-methylm-Tolunitrile, a-cyanop-Tolunitrile
-,a-cyanos-Triazine, trimethylTriethylamine
Tripropylamine
Trisiloxane, octamethylUrea, l,3-bis(3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4-nitrosocyclohexyl)Water
m-Xylene
p-Xylene
- , ot,a'-dibromo2,6-Xylenol
132
60
60
70
140
60
60
60
60
80
80
80
60
50
50
50
50
60
60
60
60
60
100
79.5
60
80
60
60
60
60
60
C s (xlO 4 )
3110
1180
3190
27600
1400
2000
4.5
3.71
0.105
0.121
0.125
0.134
0.16
0.21
0.82
1.10
2.05
0.15
0.298
0.3
0.308
0.310
0.313
0.813
0.53
0.55
0.645
0.72
0.8
1.12
1.30
1.25
0.62
1.8
1.07
1.56
50.0
72.0
0.825
0.820
0.992
57.5
14.6 x 104
78
16
11
91.4
2.07
112
0.468
1.4
3.0
7.1
7.5
24.2
0.069
14500
15000
0.006
0.31
0.78
0.84
150
110
Remarks
R
R
R
R
C
A
A, 15
C
C
15
C
C
C, F17
A
C
A
A
A, 15
A
A
A
K
C, F17
C, F17
C, F17
A
F2
F2
F2
W9
W6
F9, J
F9, J
A, R
Refs.
543
543
543
543
160
160
446
156
255
21,24,79
127
78
145
318
496
363
363
385
185
385
255
76,77
78,273
530
235
385
127
235
145
235
496
496
67
67
496
128
128
151
530
530
530
128
370,372
154
154
154
462
496
461
88
364
364
24
363,364
156
474
314
314
479
529
496
496
112
121
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
Styrene {confd)
Zinc, diethyl
- , p-chloroAnisole, p-isopropylBenzaldehyde
-,p-chloroBenzene, p-diisopropyl-
T( 0 C)
100
60
100
100
60
Benzonitrile, p-isopropylCarbon tetrabromide

Cumene
-,p-bromo- , p-terf-butyl--, p-chloro- , p-iodoBenzene
- , p-methyl
Anisole, p-isopropylBenzene, p-diisopropyl-
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
Benzonitrile, p-isopropylCumene
-,p-bromo- , p-terf-butyl-,p-chloro- , pentafluoroBenzene, bromo- , chloro-,ethyl- , fluoro2-Butanone, 3-methylCumene
Furan, tetrahydro-
60
60
60
60
60
2-Pentanone, 4-methylToluene
Styrene/Styrene, p-chloroCarbon tetrachloride
60
60
Succinimide, N-vinylAcetic acid

Ethane, 1,2-dichloroValeric acid, 4-methyl-, vinyl ester
Benzene
Vinyl acetate
Acetaldehyde
Acetamide, N-butylAcetic acid
C s (xlO 4 )
Remarks
3660
3.86
1.9
9.7
3.62
7.24
8.84
52000
45
3.44
5.71
3.52
4.97
Refs.
156
A
A
F2
406
298
298
497
406
406
109
366
406
406
406
406
50
0.2
56
60
60
3.27
3.67
7.34
26.0
4.12
9.23
3.59
7.67
408
408
406
408
408
408
408
408
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
0
0
5.35
0.117
1.09
6.76
1.53
1.61
0.033
1.20
15
115
55
55
0.077
0.127
80
6.2
30
45
50
60
400
530
390
0.72
200
220
500
570
660
610
700
40
0.180
0.166
0.200
1.0
1.13
10
0.170
70
75
60
50
60
65
EF
EE
C, F25
C, F26
469
469
469
469
469
469
469
469
469
469
366
366
93
93
201
J
18
F2
J
J
C
19
F2
C
346
86
460
257
145
232
460
86
86
460
86
86
466
465
466
145
289
86
466
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
Vinyl acetate (cont'd)
- , benzyl ester
- , butyl ester
- , sec-butyl ester
- , tert-butyl ester
- , isobutyl ester
- , isopropyl ester
- , methyl ester
- , propyl ester
- , 1,3,3,3-tetrachloropropyl ester
- , bromo- , chloro- , cyano-, methyl ester
- , dichloro-, ethyl ester
- , phenyl- , trichloro- , ethyl ester
- , trifluoro-, ethyl ester
Acetic anhydride
Acetoacetic acid, ethyl ester
Acetone
Acetonitrile
-,phenylAcetophenone
- , 3'-hydroxy- , 3'-hydroxy-DAniline
- , AW-dimethyl- , W-methyl-,p-nitrom-Anisaldehyde
o-Anisaldehyde
/7-Anisaldehyde
Anisole
Anthracene
- , 9-phenylBenzaldehyde
T( 0 C)
60
60
50
50
60
50
60
50
50
60
67.5
75
60
50
60
70
60
70
70
60
60
60
70
60
50
60
70
60
70
75
60
60
50
60
70
45
45
50
50
50
50
60
60
60
60
20
30
40
50
60
50
60
70
75
C s (xlO 4 )
85
94
80
13.2
4.4
8.0
1.5
6.2
9.1
3.5
3.1
8.0
9.0
10
1.56
1.6
2.5
6.2
3.4
423.2
489
4450
2550
5000
210
400
1445
4400
30
8.0
80.4
1.5
11.70
12.0
25.6
42
10
2100
91.5
100
62.0
1405
1290
149
210
260
360
48600
2500
420
370
10
6.68 x 105
6.03 x l O 5
4.55 x 105
2.057 x 105
3.64 x 105
2.78 x 105
2.73 x 105
230
460
540
421
600
Remarks
F2
J
F2, J
J
J
C
C, J
C
C
J
J
C
C
C
C
C
J
J
C
J
J
F2
F2
F2
J
J
J
F2, J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
F2
J
C,J
J
Refs.
86
86
86
208
208
86
208
232
208
208
145,232
86
86
86
145,231
145,232
86
208
145,232
389
386
389
389
86
86
86
389
86
71
86
390
86
289
145
330
184
86
86
15
86
390
51
51
15
154
154
154
15
86
86
86
86
41
41
41
15
41
41
41
145,355
86
86
390
86
TABLE 4. cont'd
T( 0 C)
Solvent/Additive
Benzaldehyde, m-chloro- , o-chloro-,p-chloro-,
- , p-cyano-,/7-isopropylBenz[A]anthracene
Benzene
ra-cyano-
60
60
60
60
60
60
50
60
70
75
- , bromo-
- , tert-butyl- , chloro-
Benzene, o-dichloro-,/7-dichloro- , m-dinitro- , 0-dinitro

- , p-dinitro-,ethyl- , nitro- , 1,3,5-trinitroBenzo[B]chrysene
Benzoic acid
- , ethyl ester
-,p-nitroBenzoic anhydride
Benzoin
Benzonitrile
- , m-hydroxy- , m-hydroxy-DBenzo[GHI]perylene
Benzophenone
Benzo[A]pyrene
Benzo[E]pyrene
p-Benzoquinone, 2,3,5,6-tetramethylBenzoyl chloride
Benzyl alcohol
Biphenyl
Borane, tributyl
50
60
70
75
60
60
70
75
75
70
45
50
45
45
50
60
50
45
50
50
60
60
50
60
60
50
45
45
50
50
50
50
45
50
70
70
50
60
10
C s (xlO 4 )
860
390
340
1070
610
540
1.17 xlO 5
1.07
1.2
1.2
2.4
2.96
20
5.27
1.4
1.40
3.6
18.9
8.0
9.2
10.0
134.2
25.2
3.61
5.6
6.8
8.0
8.35
80
2.61
12.7
42
11.8
1.05 x 106
645700
9.6 x 105
26.7 x 105
662800
55.15
100
110300
8.9 x 106
434280
2.83 x 105
50
26
245700
130
800
40.6
820
805
1.82 xlO 4
286
3.06 x 105
8400
9.5 x 105
366
300
556
263
6.4
9000
Remarks
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
C
C
J
C
W7
W15
C
C
W7
W15
J
C
C
C
C
C, J
C, J
C, J
J
C, J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
C
C
Refs.
86
86
86
86
86
86
41
263
86
294
80
289
294
390
86
263
184
15
265
265
265
389
184
289
265
265
265
289
86
389
184
184
389
28
15
28
28
15
289
86
15
28
15
41
86
86
15
86
86
15
51
51
370
15
41
370
27
15
389
390
15
132
191
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
Butane, 1-bromo- , 1-chloro- , 1-iodo2,3-Butanedione
2-Butanone
-, 3-methyl1-Butene, 3-chloro-3-methyl2-Butene, l-chloro-3-methyll-Buten-3-yne
Butyl alcohol
sec-Butyl alcohol
tert-Butyl alcohol
Butyl ether
3-Butyn-2-ol, 2-methylButyraldehyde
T( 0 C)
60
70
60
60
60
60
75
60
50
50
60
60
70
60
70
75
60
70
60
60
40
60
Butyric acid, ethyl ester
- , methyl ester
70
50
60
Carbon tetrabromide
60
70
0
20
45
60
Chloral
Chloral hydrate
Chloroform
2-Chloro-3-(methyl-14C)-lbutene(4-14C)
3-Chloro-2-pentene-(2,4-14C)
70
75
60
70
70
30
60
70
50
50
C s (xlO 4 )
50
1100
10
800
670
73.80
165
118.16
28900
4300
0
20.0
20.39
29.1
31.74
6.21
95.0
0.46
0.5
1.3
12.1
76
400
440
510
590
670
650
1000
388
45
18
19
7.39 x 106
28740
1500
4700
7600
800
1300
4700
6700
7300
8000
9000
9600
10000
10500
10700
2023
10500
5000
4927
4312
100
140
125.18
130
150
160
170
554
3980
628
Remarks
C
F2, J
C
F2
F2
J
19
C
C
C
19
C,J
J
W8
W7
W15
C
C
F2
C
E
J
Ql
Q2
Q3
Q4
F2
Q5
Q6
J
Q7
Q8
C
J
C
19
J
F2
C
F2
F2
Refs.
86
389
86
86
86
289
184
289
152
152
232
145
289
390
289
390
184
289
145
86
390
86
86
500
500
500
500
232,355
86
390
71
145,232
86
109,145
389
346
309
86
10
10
10
10
86
10
10
86
210
10
10
389
86
86
389
389
345
346
289
145
86
210
86
389
509
509
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
Chrysene
w-Cresol
m-Cresol-D
p-Cresol
p-Cresol-D
Crotonaldehyde
Cumene
Cyclohexane
T( 0 C)
50
45
45
45
45
60
60
70
75
60
-,methyl-
60
1,3-Cyclohexanedione, 5,5-dimethylCyclohexanol
Cyclohexanone
70
70
60
75
60
Cyclohexene
Dibenz[a,h]anthracene
Dibenzo[def,mno]chrysene
1,2,3,4-Dibenzpyrene
Diethylene glycol
Diethylphosphonate
p-Dioxane
Diphenylamine
Diphenylamine-D
Diphenylamine-T
Ethane, 1,1-dibromo- , 1,2-dibromo- , 1,1-dichloro- , 1,2-dichloro-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
75
50
40
50
60
50
70
60
60
60
60
60
70
50
60
60
60
60
70
60
60
1,2-dichlorohexachloropentachloro1,1,2,2-tetrabromo1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-
70
70
70
60
60
- , 1,1,1-trichloro- , 1,1,2-trichloro1,1-Ethanediol, diacetate

Ether, benzyl methyl
- , bis(2-chloroethyl)
- , dodecyl vinyl
70
60
60
60
60
70
60
-,ethyl
Ethyl acetate
60
20
40
50
60
C s (xlO 4 )
3360
375
85
710
130
1800
89.9
100
139
356
6.59
7.0
100
11.75
24
5580
127
180
670
620
1600
770
8.7 x 104
156.5 x 104
129.2 xlO 4
105.4 xlO 4
73.6 x 104
85.3
350
910
830
730
20
49.1
138
240
170
230
1100
134
65
5
7
7.18
10.2
1210
1348
6000
107.03
160
67.72
71.11
35.98
40
280
245
57.2
73.5
45.3
1.52
2.11
2.9
12
1.07
Remarks
J
J
J
J
J
J
C
C
19
F2
C
C
F2
C
J
F2
J
J
J
J
J
J
C
Fl
F2
F2
F2
F2
C
C
19
C
C
C
F2, J
C
C
C
C
Refs.
370
51
61
51
51
355
289
7,86
390
184
289
145
86
289
86
390
390
86
184
86
86
86
370
41
41
41
41
390
571
571
571
571
86
390
15
46
46
46
86
389
86
86
145
289
389
389
389
86
289
86
389
289
289
86
86
389
4
4
4
328
328
208
71
289
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
T( 0 C)

Ethyl acetate (cont'd)
Ethyl alcohol
Ethylene, tetrabromo- , tetrachloro- , tribromo- , trichloroEthylene glycol
Fluorene
- , 9-phenylFormamide, N9N, -dimethylFormic acid, ethyl ester
- , methyl ester
2-Furaldehyde
Furfuryl alcohol
Germane, diethylchloro- , dimethylchloro- , triethyl-,triphenylGlycolic acid, methyl ester
Heptane
1-Heptanol, 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7-dodecafluorol,5-Hexadien-3-yne
Hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-, ethyl ester
Hydroquinone
- , 2,5-di-terf-butyl- , 2,6-dimethyl- , tetramethylIsobutyl alcohol
Isobutyric acid
Isobutyric acid, ethyl ester
-, methyl ester
Isobutyronitrile
Isopropyl alcohol
Lactic acid, ethyl ester
-, methyl ester
Laurie acid, ethyl ester
Malonic acid, dimethyl ester
/?-Mentha-l,8-dene
Mesitol
Methane, bromotrichloro-
- , dichloro- , iodo- , nitro-,tribromo- , triphenylMethanol
C s (xlO 4 )
1.25
70
60
70
70
70
70
70
70
60
70
70
60
50
60
60
70
60
60
60
60
60
50
60
60
50
50
50
50
50
60
70
60
50
60
60
70
60
60
50
60
60
50
25
60
70
60
70
60
75
70
60
10
60
2.6
2.96
3.3
3.4
7.8
25
26.3
2800
465
34720
3810
83.0
4700
3610
16240
50
22
3
15000
2520
7800
86600
4500
56000
300
17.0
33.3
0
65
7000
38000
29000
74000
21.75
32.4
5.02
160
58
71
86
100
44.6
700
640
105
17
1900
5000
> 104
6000
>4xlO5
6303
4
1230
2300
2600
34760
700
9.0
10.0
10.5
3.4
2.26
Remarks
C
F2
C
C
C
C
C
C, J
J
C,J
C
C
J
C, J
A, R
A, R
A, R
A, R
F2
C
J
J
J
J
C
C
C
C
J
J
D, S
C
C
C
C
F2, J
J
C
Refs.
80
145,232
328
86
420
390
86
390
389
389
389
389
390
86
390
390
86
71
86
86
390
539
539
539
539
86
208
442
232
71
338
338
338
338
289
390
289
71
145,232
420
86
86
390
86
86
71
86
86
338
39
39
39
389
86
389
86
86
389
45
5
5
5
190
145,231
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
T (0C)

Methanol (cont'd)
Naphthacene
Naphthalene
70
50
50
- , decahydroNaphtho[l,2,3,4-def]chrysene
Nonanoic acid, ethyl ester
2,6-Octadiene, 2,7-dichloro- , 2,6-dimethyl-
70
60
50
50
50
60
Octanoic acid, ethyl ester

Oleic acid, methyl ester
50
60
Oxalic acid, diethyl ester

- , dimethyl ester
90
30
60
60
Paraldehyde
Pentane, 2,2,4-trimethyl2,4-Pentanedione
1-Pentanol, n 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoro2-Pentanone, 4-methyl3-Pentanone
70
50
60
60
60
60
Pentyl acetate
70
75
75
50
50
Orthoformic acid, trimethyl ester
Pentyl alcohol
Perylene
Phenanthrene
Phenol
70
45
50
60
- , m-chloro-,p-chloro- , p-nitro- , 2,3,4,6-tetramethylPhenol-D

-,m-chloro-,p-chloro-,2,3,4,6-tetramethylPhosphorus trichloride
Propane, 2-bromo-2-methyl- , 2-chloro-2-methyl
1-Propanol, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro1-Propene, 3-chloro- , 3-chloro-2-methylPropionaldehyde
45
45
50
45
45
45
45
45
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
Propionic acid, ethyl ester

- , methyl ester
70
50
60
Pyrene
Pyrocatechol, 4-(l,l,3,3,-tetramethylbutyl)Pyrogallol
Salicylic acid
Silane, dimethylphenyl-
50
50
50
70
60
C s (xlO 4 )
4.3
6.0
5.5
8.62 x 106
1150
1457
1715
48
1.35 x 105
80
3200
430
700
70
217
1000
358
7.6
8.0
4.0
1.0
2.0
136
8.0
10
26.1
34.52
10.0
114.39
7.2
87.0
56
2.88 x 105
870
5600
3380
215
120
600
205
400
8.86 x 104
1.13 x 104
35
70
80
800
1.5 x 104
150
26
7.11
3100
400
950
1000
457
40
23
26
11500
11000
50000
296
2200
Remarks
J
J
C,J
J
C
F2
C
J
C
F2
19
C
C
C
J
J
C,J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
C, D
F2
J
J
F2
C
C
J
J
J
C
A, R
Refs.
320
86
320
370
370
15
390
86
41
71
152
324
7
71
441
86
441
345
346
86
86
145,232
390
208
86
442
289
145
289
390
184
184
41
370
15
390
51
15
86
51
51
15
51
51
51
51
51
214
86
86
442
86
86
86
86
390
71
232
420
370
338
338
390
539
TABLE 4. cont'd
Solvent/Additive
Silane, methyldichloro- , trichloro- , triethyl- , triphenylStearamide, N-allylStearic acid, ehtyl ester
- , methyl ester
Succinic acid, diethyl ester
- , dihexyl ester
- , dimethyl ester
m-Tolualdehyde
p-Tolualdehyde
Toluene
T( 0 C)
60
60
60
60
90
50
60
60
60
60
60
60
75
80
50
70
70
60
70
75
50
50
50
50
50
50
60
50
60
50
70
75
60
60
60
280
290
400000
Q(3)
Q(3)
Q(3)
511
511
511
50
60
20
20
R
R
541
541
60
60
60
60
60
5400
8600
12000
2000
4000
A, R
A, R
A, R
A, R
A, R
539
539
539
539
539
C, Q(I-2)
572
60
70
Triphenylene
Veratraldeyhyde
Xylene
Vinyl chloride
Chloroform
Bromotrichloromethane
Vinylidene chloride
Af-Methylpyrolidone
2-Vinylpyridine
Silane, diethylchloro- , Methyldichloro-,trichloro-,triethyl-,triphenylVinyltrimethylsilane
Bromoform
Refs.
A, R
A, R
A, R
A, R
C, J
C
60
Toluene, p-nitrop-Toluidine
-, N,Ar-dimethyl-, AT-methylToluonitrile
Triethylamine
Remarks
5800
8800
1200
2700
620.1
140
38.2
41
40
31
570
440
3.3
12.0
14.9
100
123
17.8
20.75
20.89
21.6
34
35
49.0
69.0
21.1
21.8
29.2
66
91.6
20.6
92.86
195
450
584
118
106300
750
380
830
38.3
360
370
160
550
14.9
278
166
50
- , bromo- , o-chloro-,p-chloro- , a-chloro-
C s (xlO 4 )
1200000
J
J
R
C
R
C
J
F2
W15
R
C
C
C
C
J
C
C
F2
F2
F2
F2
J
J
J
C
C
539
539
539
539
173
71
441
420
420
420
86
86
158
15
357
71
71
357
80
21,59,289
357
86
86
265
265
357
390
357
184
273
15
389
389
86
389
184
15
154
154
154
15
154
24,145
370
86
15
390
184
TABLE 5. TRANSFER CONSTANTS TO SULFUR COMPOUNDS

Modifier
Acrylamide, A/-octadecyl-/acrylonitrile (1:1 mol ratio)
1-Dodecanethiol
Acrylic acid
1-Dodecanethiol
- , methyl ester
1-Butanethiol
J( 0 C)
Cx
Remarks
Refs.
60
0.539
C, F24
174
45
1.9
C, F31
549
Ethanethiol
30
60
50
2-Propanethiol
60
1.53
1.69
0.78
0.94 0.07
1.65 0.12
1.57 0.09
1.57 0.18
1.79
5.00
0.544
0.668
0.700
0.656
A
A
Ql
Ql
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q2
Q3
Ql
Q2
Q3
Q4
Acrylonitrile
1-Dodecanethiol
Hydrogen sulfide
Methyl sulfoxide
Methyl tetrasulfide
p-Toluenethiol
Acrylonitrile/1,3-butadiene (10-90%)
1-Hexanethiol,
- , 1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethyl1-Pentanethiol,
- , 1,1,3,3-tetramethylAcrylonitrile/1,3-butadiene (20-80%)
1-Hexanethiol
- , 1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethyl1-Pentanethiol
- , 1,1,3,3-tetramethylAcrylonitrile/1,3-butadiene (30-70%)
1-Hexanethiol
- , 1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethyl1-Pentanethiol
- , 1,1,3,3-tetramethylAcrylonitrile/styrene (38.5-61.5 mol%)
1-Pentanethiol
- , 1,1,3,3,4-pentamethylButadiene
Xanthogendisulfide, dibutyl- , diethyl- , di-2-ethylhexyl- , di-isopropyl1,3-Butadiene
1-Butanethiol, 1,1,3,3-tetramethyl1-Octanethiol
- , 1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7-octamethyl1-Tetradecanethiol
1,3-Butadiene/styrene
1-Dodecanethiol
Formic acid, thio-, dithiobis_, _, _, ao'-dibutyl ester
50
50
20
30
40
50
80
50
5
0.73
0.13
0.1
0.47
0.0000812
0.11
0.29
0.795
0.69
0.97
C, F8
E
397
69,397
330
478,507
478,507
508
330,509
330
330
477
477
477
477
378
378
248
196
458
404
197
375
85
378
1.5
C, H
380
53.3
C, H
380
1.2
C, H
380
2.1
C, H
380
1.1
C, H
380
1.8
C, H
380
50
1.02
C, H
380
60
60
60
60
6.9
8.1
7.5
8.3
J
J
J
J
532
532
532
532
5
50
5
50
5.3
3.7
21.8
16.0
19.0
3.0
19.5
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
242
242
242
242
243
242
242
50
50
5
0.66
B, H, J
384
2.42
B, H, J
383
TABLE 5. cont'd
Modifier
T( 0 C)
1,3-Butadiene/styrene {cont'd)
- , - , ao'-diisopentyl ester
-5
50
5
-5
5
50
5
-5
50
5
50
5
50
5
-5
50
5
- , - , - , 0,O'-diisopropyl ester
-5
50
5
- , - , - , O,O'-di-sec-butyl ester
- , - , - 0,O'-dicyclohexyl ester
_, _, _, 0,0'-diethyl ester
- , - , - , 0,O'-diheptyl ester
- , - , - , 0,6>'-dihexyl ester
- , - , - , 0,O'-diisobutyl ester
- , - , - , 0,O'-dimethyl ester
- , - , - , 0,O'-dineopentyl ester
- , - , - , 0,0'-dioctyl ester
- , - , - , 0,O'-dipentyl ester
- , - , - , 0,0'-dipropyl ester
1-Heptanethiol
- , 1,1,3,3,5,5,6-heptamethyl1-Hexanethiol
- , 1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethyl1-Octanethiol
- , 1,1,3,5,5,7,7-octamethyl/7-Dioxin, 2,3-dihydro/maleic anhydride
1-Butanethil
Ethylene
1-Butanethiol
Ethyl sulflde
Methyl sulfoxide
2-Propanethiol, 2-methylSulfur hexafluoride
Methyl methacrylate
Acetic acid, dithiodi-, diethyl ester
- , mercapto-, methyl ester
Acetophenone, 3'-mercapto- , 4'-mercapto-
-5
50
5
-5
50
5
50
5
50
5
-5
50
5
-5
50
Cx
1.75
5.34
1.65
1.565
1.78
3.71
8.43
4.23
16.04
0.41
1.12
0.74
1.78
1.87
1.573
6.43
1.21
7.0
1.85
4.38
2.83
3.4
12.5
0.40-1.31
0.80-3.01
1.40-3.70
1.80-3.50
1.80-6.0
9.78
1.185
9.78
16.43
15.86
27.04
1.01
3.40
0.23
0.64
1.45
1.70
3.20
4.42
1.815
9.20
Remarks
H
C, H, J
B, H, J
H
B, H, J
C, H, J
B, H, J
H
C, H, J
B, H, J
C, H, J
B, H, J
C, H, J
B, H, J
H
C, H, J
B, H, J
B, H, J
H
C, H, J
B, H, J
B, H, J
B, H
B, H, J,
B, H, J,
B, H, J,
B, H, J,
B, H, J,
Refs.
180
382
H
C, H, J
B, H, J
H
C, H, J
B, H, J
C, H, J
B, H, J
C, H, J
B, H, J
H
C, H, J
B, H, J
H
C, H, J
180
383
383
383
180
382
383
382
383
382
383
180
382
383
341
180
382
383
341
100
100
100
100
100
100
179
180
382
383
180
382
383
382
383
382
383
180
382
383
180
382
GG4
GG3
GG2
GGl
GG5
0.64
B, H, J
384
1.22
4.1
2.7-4.7
B, H, J
H
H
384
54,55
54
0.34
B, H, J
384
169
C, W5
C, W5
C, F21, W5
C, W5
C, F21, W5
457
454
259
457
259
60
130
130
130
130
130
60
60
45
45
6300
5.8
0.027
12
15.0
0.0000
0.00065
0.63
4.2
2.6
86
274
30
30
TABLE 5. cont'd
Modifier
Methyl methacrylate {cont'd)
Anisole, 4,4'-dithiodip-Anisoyl disulfide
Benzenesulfonic acid
- , compound with pyridine
- , thio-, S-phenyl ester
Benzenethiol
- , m-bromo- , /7-bromo- , m-chloro-,p-chloroBenzoyl disulfide
Benzyl disulfide
Benzyl sulfide
J( 0 C)
50
60
60
0.0044
0.0052
14.6
60
60
45
60
70
45
45
45
45
60
25
50
60
25
50
0.00365
0.0196
4.7
2.7
15
3.8
5.6
3.5
4.6
10.0
0.134
0.016
0.00627
0.0183
0.0098
0.0098
0.00154
0.0040
0.0039
0.084
0.021
0.66
0.67
0.008
0.22
0.09
0.35
0.33
0.21
0.13
0.55
0.00007
0.00258
16.7
0.0046
0.0098
10.0
0.0072
0.0117
290
0.0115
694
0.0176
0.0508
0.0127
0.0193
0.7
0.55
0.42
0.33
0.17
0.15
0.43
0.62
0.40
0.00013
Benzyl sulfone
Benzyl sulfoxide
Benzyl tetrasulfide
Benzyl trisulfide
1-Butanethiol
60
50
50
50
50
60
Carbanilide, thio-
50
_, _, 4,4/-bis(dimethylamino)- , - , 4,4'-dichloro- , - , 3,3/-dimethoxy-, -, 3,3'-dimethyl- , -, 4,4'-dimethyl- , - , 3,3'-dinitroCarbon disulfide

2,13-Dioxa-7,8-dithia-3,12-disila-tetradecane, 3,3,12,12-tetrameth oxyDisulfide, bis(p-bromobenzoyl)- , bis (p-bromophenyl)-
50
50
50
50
50
50
60
79.5
60
50
60
60
50
60
60
70
60
50
60
50
60
60
70
80
90
50
70
50
60
70
60
- , bis(p-chlorobenzoyl)- , bis(p-chlorophenyl)-,
-,
-,
-,
bis(p-cyanobenzoyl)bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl)bis(p-nitrobenzoyl)bis(onitrophenyl)-
- , bis(/?-nitrophenyl)1-Dodecanethiol
Ethanethiol, 2-amino-, hydrochloride

Ethanol, 2-mercaptoEthyl disulfide
Formamidine, AÂf'-diphenyl- , - , U'-dithiobisMethyl sufoxide
Cx
50
60
0.22
0.0000071
Remarks
Refs.
285
285
369
F2
D
F2
F2, J
F2, J
A
F2
C, F2
C, F2
C, F2
C, F2
C, F2
C, F2
C, F2
A
F7
F7
F2
F2
C, F2
A
490
491
30
274
566
30
30
30
30
369
368
354
368
368
252
354
368
252
252
354
354
274
69,397
251
251
251
251
251
251
251
251
288
474
369
285
285
369
285
285
369
104
369
285
285
285
285
573
573
573
573
473
473
473
274
473
310
251
438
TABLE 5. cont'd
Modifier
2-Naphthalenethiol
1-Penthanethiol
Phenyl disulfide
Phenyl disufone
Phenyl sulfide
Phenyl sulfone
Phenyl sulfoxide
1-Propanethiol, 3-[l,3,3,3-tetramethyl-l-(trimethylsiloxy)disiloxanyl]- , 3-(trimethoxy)2-Propanethiol
- , 2-methylPropionic acid, 3-mercaptoSulfide, benzoyl dimethylthiocarbamoyl
Sulfur
Thiosulfuric acid, S-butyl ester
- , - , sodium salt
- , S-isopropyl ester
- , - , sodium salt
- , S-phenyl ester
- , - , compound with pyridine
- , - , potassium salt
- , S-propyl ester
- , - , sodium salt
m-Toluenethiol
p-Toluenethiol
a-Toluenethiol
p-Toluoyl disulfide
p-Tolyl disulfide
Styrene
Acetic acid, dithiodi-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
diethyl ester
dimethyl ester
mercaptobutyl ester
ethyl ester
methyl ester
- , phenyl- , - , /?,/?'-dithiodi- , thio

Aniline, 2,2' dithiodi-
-, 4,4'-dithiodi- , N-dodecyl-, 4,4'-dithiodiAnisole, 2,2'-dithiodi- , 4,4'-dithiodi- , p-methyl-, a,a'-dithiobis-
T( 0 C)
45
60
50
25
50
60
Cx
Remarks
Refs.
60
25
50
60
50
50
79.5
79.5
60
60
50
70
20
60
44.1
50
1.3
3.1
0.8
0.0174
0.0038
0.0007
0.00176
0.0085
0.0110
0.0003
0.00554
0.0064
0.00132
0.0006
0.0013
0.128
0.693
0.38
0.18
0.39
0.38
5.5
0.08
1.3
0.075
0.106
60
0.00226
490
60
0.00167
490
60
60
0.374
0.00537
490
490
60
45
45
50
60
50
60
0.00190
4.7
7.4
0.027
11.0
0.0031
0.0044
490
30
30
354
369
285
285
50
99
60
99
99
50
60
60
99
< 0.005
0.2
0.015
0.1
>14.0
26.0
58.0
0.63
27.6
50
99
25
50
0.24
>14.7
3.8
3.0
3.4
3.0
0.24
0.21
3.0
0.18
0.021
75
50
50
50
50
99
H
D
A
A
D
F2
F2
D
A
C
F2, J
F2, J
J, R
A
A
30
274
344
368
285
310
368
285
491
491
368
252
368
252
252
474
474
274
274
473
473
280
280
118
194
354
297
96
86
96
96
146
126
323
96
89
96
297
297
297
297
89
89
89
89
96
TABLE 5. cont'd
Modifier
Styrene {cont'd)
/7-Anisoyl disulfide
Anthranilic acid, 4,4'-dithiobisArylbenzene thiolsulfonate
- , /?-chloro
- , p-methoxy- , p-methylBenzenesulfonic acid
- , compound with pyridine
- , thio-, S-phenyl ester
Benzenethiol
- , o-ethoxy-,p-ethoxyBenzene thiosulfonate
- , aryl-p-chloro- , aryl-p-methoxy- , aryl-p-methyl
2-Benzimidazolethiol
Benzoic acid, 2,2/-dithiodi- , - , diethyl ester
- , -,dimethyl ester
-, 4,4'-dithiodi- , - , diethyl ester
- , o-mercapto- , -, methyl ester
-,thioBenzothiazole, 2,2/-dithiobis-
- , 2,2'-thiobis2-Benzothiazolethiol
Benzo[B]thiophene, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-4(2-thienyl)Benzoyl disulfide
Benzyl alcohol, ô'-dithiobis-,/vAdithiobisBenzyl diselenide

Benzyl disulfide
T( 0 C)
60
50
60
60
60
60
96.0
3.0
0.95
2.22
1.872
1.237
60
50
60
99
99
99
0.00617
1.60
1.67
0.08
25.1
0.13
60
60
60
99
50
50
99
50
2.597
1.475
1.099
0.21
0.01
< 0.005
0.2
0.11
0.17
0.11
>14.7
17.0
6.23
2.3
2.1
2.3
2.4
2.73
< 0.005
0.03
0.26
0.011
< 0.005
0.010
0.0107
36.0
0.11
0.58
0.09
2.0
0.02
0.03
0.00878
0.01
0.011
0.548
0.069
0.00335
0.052
0.051
5.4
13.2
21.0
22.0
25
15.0
17.0
15.4
50
99
99
99
25
50
75
99
50
50
99
60
50
60
99
50
50
60
50
60
Benzyl sulfide
Benzyl sulfone
Benzyl sulfoxide
1-Butanethiol
Cx
99
25
50
60
50
50
25
60
70
80
99
Remarks
R, F2
R, F2
R, F2
R, F2
A
A
R, F2
R, F2
R, F2
A
D
D, Ql
D
A
A
A
A
Refs.
369
89
544
544
544
544
490
491
491
96
96
96
544
544
544
96
89
89
96
297
89
89,297
96
96
96
297
297
297
297
96
297
297
96
419
89
545
304
369
96
89
297
128
89
297
368
128
96
368
252
368
252
252
340
340
395
69,397
131
395
395
96
TABLE 5. cont'd
Modifier
Styrene (cont'd)
1-Butanethiol, 1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-
1-Butanethiol-D
Butyl disulfide
sec-Butyl disulfide
tert-Butyl disulfide
Butyl sulfide
tert-Butyl sulfide
Carbanilic acid, /?,/?'-dithiodi-diethyl ester
Carbon disulfide
Carbonic acid, dithio- , - , S,S'-bis(carboxymethyl)ester
- , trithio- , - , S,S'-bis(carboxymethyl) ester
1-Decanethiol
2,13-Dioxa-7,8-dithia-3,12-disilatetradecane, 3,3,12,12-tetramethoxyDiphenyldisulfide
Disulfide, bis(/?-bromobenzoyl)
- , bis(a-bromo-o-tolyl)
- , bis(/?-chlorobenzoyl)
- , bis(chlorobenzyl)
- , bis(2-chloroethyl)
- , bis(a-chloro-o-tolyl)
- , bis(>-cyanobenzoyl)
- , bis(diethylthiocarbamoyl)
- , bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl)
T( 0 C)
5
50
60
70
80
25
55
60
99
150
50
50
60
60
60
50
60
50
50
80
80
79.5
60
60
50
60
50
50
50
60
60
60
70
80
95
115
130
- , bis(2-ethylhexyl)
- , bis(Aêthyl-A^phenylthio-carbamoyl)
- , bis(l-methylheptyl)
- , bis(morpholinothiocarbonyl)
- , bis(l-naphthylmethyl)
- , bis(/?-nitrobenzoyl
- , bis(o-nitrophenyl)
- , bis(l-phenylethyl)
- , bis(P-(2-pyridyl)ethyl)
- , bis(2,3,5,6-tetramethylphenyl)
- , bis(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)
1-Dodecanethiol
50
60
99
60
99
60
50
50
50
50
50
60
70
70
90
100
110
Cx
5.5
6.4
4.3
5.2
4.0
7.0
0.00079
0.00154
0.0024
0.0068
0.022
< 0.005
< 0.005
0.00014
0.0022
0.025
0.24
0.00066
Remarks
H
H
H
A
A
A
0.36
0.21
4.3
4.2
0.0118
0.147
745
1.0
196
< 0.005
0.01
1.3
3190
0.724
1.11
0.0136
0.568
0.620
0.780
0.860
0.939
1.035
0.984
1.150
< 0.005
1.75
0.0104
6.1
0.033
6650
<0.005
0.03
0.73
0.12
14.8
19.0
19
0.69
1.3
13.0
26.0
Refs.
242
222
242
395
395
395
448
448
304
96
359
89
89
304
304
304
89
288
297
C3, H
C3, H
J
J
J
C3, H
C3, H
297
574
574
474
546
369
297
369
297
297
297
369
286
286
104
40
481
481
40
40
481
40
481
297
286
96
286
96
369
89
89
297
297
89
69,126
59
562
574
574
156
156
TABLE 5. cont'd
Modifier
Styrene (cont'd)
terf-Dodecanethiol
Ethanethiol
Ethanol, 2,2'-dithiodi- , - , di(chloroacetate)
Ether, ethyl 3-mercaptopropyl
Ethyl disulfide
Formamidine, AW-diphenyl-, l,l'-dithiobisFormic acid, thio-, dithiobis, 0,0'-diisopropyl ester
1-Heptanethiol
1-Hexanethiol
- , 1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethylHexyl disulfide
Hydrogen sulflde
Isobutyl disulfide
Isopropyl disulfide
Lauryl disulfide
Lepidine, 2,2-dithiodiMesityl disulfide
Methyl disulfide
Methyl sulfoxide
T( 0 C)
70
90
90
50
50
50
60
100
99
50
50
99
99
99
25
50
75
99
70
60
60
60
50
50
60
40
50
60
Morpholine, 4,4'-dithiodi1-Naphthalenemethanethiol
1-Naphthalenethiol
2-Naphthalenethiol
1-Naphthoyl disulfide
1-Naphthyl disulfide
2-Naphthyl disulfide
1-Octadecanethiol
Octadecyl disulfide
1-Octanethiol
- , 1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7-octamethyl2-Octanethiol
1,4,5-Oxadithiepane
1-Pentanethiol
Phenetole, 2,2'-dithiodi- , 4,4'-dithiodiPhenyl disulfide
50
25
50
75
99
99
99
50
99
25
50
75
99
99
99
5
50
50
99
150
50
99
99
50
60
Phenyl disulfone
Phenyl sulfide
50
60
25
50
60
Cx
1.5
1.5
1.6
17.1
< 0.005
<0.005
14.1
21.0
13.7
0.0045
6.72
5.3
7.5
15.1
15.3
3.2
2.9
2.4
0.0104
5.0
0.0020
0.00066
0.00023
0.04
0.69
0.0094
0.0000693
0.548
0.0000242
0.000048
< 0.005
12.7
18.3
15.7
24.6
0.15
0.18
0.34
1.57
0.17
0.19
0.29
0.36
14.7
0.024
19.3
23.0
19.0
4.7
3.2
0.057
20.0
0.075
0.33
0.06
0.102
0.0103
0.111
0.147
0.022
0.025
0.0325
0.056
0.00548
Remarks
C3, H
C3, H
C3, H
C, F2
H
H
H
H
A
H
A
A
A
A
D
Refs.
574
574
574
331
297
297
126
69
69
96
251
297
96
96
96
297
297
297
96
145
304
304
128
89
89
304
458
375
429
438
297
297
297
297
96
96
96
89
96
297
297
297
96
96
96
339
242
242
242
96
359
344
96
96
297
491
368
491
285
491
491
368
252
368
Next Page
TABLE 5. cont'd
Modifier
Styrene (cont'd)
Phenyl sulfone
Phenyl sulfoxide
1-Propanethiol, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)2-Propanethiol, 2-methyl-
T( 0 C)
50
50
79.5
50
60
60
100
Propionic acid, 3,3-dithiodi- , - , dipropyl ester

- , 2-mercapto- , 3-mercaptoPropyl disulfide
Pyridine, 2,2'-dithiodiQuinoline, 2,2'-dithiodiSulfide, ethyl 2,4-diphenylbutyl
- , ethyl phenethyl
1-Tetradecanethiol
- , - , sodium salt
- , S-isopropyl ester, sodium salt
- , 5-phenyl ester
- , - potassium salt
- , 5-propyl ester, sodium salt
p-Toluenethiol
a-Toluenethiol
-,/7-methoxy/7-Toluoyl disulfide
o-Tolyl disulfide
p-Tolyl disulfide
2,6-Xylyl disulfide
Vinyl acetate
Acetic acid, dithiodi- , - , diethyl ester
Acetic acid, ithio- , - , S-(2-hydroxyethyl)ester, acetate
Acetyl disulfide
1-Butanethiol
Butyl disulfide
Butyl sulfide
1,4,5-Oxadithiepane
Sulfur
oc-Toluenethiol
Thiol acetate
Cx
0.021
0.024
5.90
4.0
3.1
3.7
4.6
1.8
2.3
Remarks
Refs.
A
A
252
252
474
344
261
69,126
59
261
69,126
297
178
178
297
304
89
89
331
331
242
H
A
A
50
50
60
50
50
50
50
50
< 0.005
7.7
9.4
6.0
0.00234
0.01
0.05
30.0
7.15
19.0
60
60
0.173
0.407
490
490
60
60
99
99
99
60
25
50
0.763
0.150
0.07
25.5
26.0
46.3
0.22
0.23
0.28
0.32
0.11
0.15
0.69
490
490
96
96
96
369
297
297
297
297
297
96
297
1.41
1.5
86
351
75
50
99
50
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
45
70
60
0.0132
0.29
48.0
1.0
0.026
0.25-2.5
470.0
0.885
0.186
J
J
J
J
J
C
F20
140
86
140,397
86, 351
351
351
28
390
575
C. REMARKS
A.
B.
C.
D.
Thermal initiation
Hydroperoxide initiation
Peroxide initiation
C1.
Ammonium persulfate
C2.
Potassium persulf ate
C3.
Sodium persulf ate
Photoinitiation
E.
F.
y-Ray initiation
Solution polymerization in:
Fl.
Acetonitrile
F2.
Benzene
F3.
Butyl acetate
F4.
Butyl chloride
F5.
Chlorobenzene
Previous Page
TABLE 5. cont'd
Modifier
Styrene (cont'd)
Phenyl sulfone
Phenyl sulfoxide
1-Propanethiol, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)2-Propanethiol, 2-methyl-
T( 0 C)
50
50
79.5
50
60
60
100
Propionic acid, 3,3-dithiodi- , - , dipropyl ester

- , 2-mercapto- , 3-mercaptoPropyl disulfide
Pyridine, 2,2'-dithiodiQuinoline, 2,2'-dithiodiSulfide, ethyl 2,4-diphenylbutyl
- , ethyl phenethyl
1-Tetradecanethiol
- , - , sodium salt
- , S-isopropyl ester, sodium salt
- , 5-phenyl ester
- , - potassium salt
- , 5-propyl ester, sodium salt
p-Toluenethiol
a-Toluenethiol
-,/7-methoxy/7-Toluoyl disulfide
o-Tolyl disulfide
p-Tolyl disulfide
2,6-Xylyl disulfide
Vinyl acetate
Acetic acid, dithiodi- , - , diethyl ester
Acetic acid, ithio- , - , S-(2-hydroxyethyl)ester, acetate
Acetyl disulfide
1-Butanethiol
Butyl disulfide
Butyl sulfide
1,4,5-Oxadithiepane
Sulfur
oc-Toluenethiol
Thiol acetate
Cx
0.021
0.024
5.90
4.0
3.1
3.7
4.6
1.8
2.3
Remarks
Refs.
A
A
252
252
474
344
261
69,126
59
261
69,126
297
178
178
297
304
89
89
331
331
242
H
A
A
50
50
60
50
50
50
50
50
< 0.005
7.7
9.4
6.0
0.00234
0.01
0.05
30.0
7.15
19.0
60
60
0.173
0.407
490
490
60
60
99
99
99
60
25
50
0.763
0.150
0.07
25.5
26.0
46.3
0.22
0.23
0.28
0.32
0.11
0.15
0.69
490
490
96
96
96
369
297
297
297
297
297
96
297
1.41
1.5
86
351
75
50
99
50
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
45
70
60
0.0132
0.29
48.0
1.0
0.026
0.25-2.5
470.0
0.885
0.186
J
J
J
J
J
C
F20
140
86
140,397
86, 351
351
351
28
390
575
C. REMARKS
A.
B.
C.
D.
Thermal initiation
Hydroperoxide initiation
Peroxide initiation
C1.
Ammonium persulfate
C2.
Potassium persulf ate
C3.
Sodium persulf ate
Photoinitiation
E.
F.
y-Ray initiation
Solution polymerization in:
Fl.
Acetonitrile
F2.
Benzene
F3.
Butyl acetate
F4.
Butyl chloride
F5.
Chlorobenzene
F6.
o-Dichlorobenzene
F7.
Dimethylformamide
F8. Dimethyl sulfoxide
F9. /7-Dioxane
FlO. Ethyl acetate
FIl. Ethyl methyl ketone
F12. Heptane
F13. Water
F14. Magnesium perchlorate
F15. Succinonitrile
F16. Sulfur dioxide
F17. Toluene
Fl 8. Zinc chloride
F19. Octane
F20. Methanol
F21. Propane
F22. Diethyl oxalate
F23. Cyclohexane
F24. Butyl alcohol
F25. Acetic acid
F26. 1,2-Dichloroethane
F27. Ethylbenzene
F28. Cylohexanone
F29. Parabutyr aldehyde
F30. Water-methanol mixture
F31. tert-Butyl alcohol
F32. Hexane
F33. 1-Propanol
F34. Carbon tetrachloride
G. Heterogeneous polymerization
H. Emulsion polymerization
I.
Recalculated from data of:
11.
Basu, Sen, and Palit (1950)
12.
Baysal and Tobolsky (1952)
13.
Chadha and Misra (1958)
14.
Dixon-Lewis (1949)
15.
Gregg and Mayo (1953)
16.
Ham (1956)
17.
Kwart, Broadbent, and Bartlett (1950)
18.
Matsumoto, et. al. (1959)
19.
Palit and Das (1954)
110. Palit, Nandi, and Saha (1954)
Il 1. Saha, Nandi, and Palit (1956)
112. Stein and Schulz (I960)
113. Wheeler, Lavin, and Crozier (1952)
J. Apparent transfer constant; retardation occurred
K. Average value
L. Estimated from model compounds
M. For end groups:
M1. Tribromomethy 1
M2. Butylamino
M3. Diethylamino
M4. Hy droxy methyl
M5. Aldehyde
M6. Thioglycolate
M7. -CH(OH)CH2-SH
M8. Dodecyl
M9. 2-Hydroxyethyl
N.
O.
P.
Q.
R.
S.
T.
U.
V.
W.
X.
Y.
Z.
AA.
BB.
CC.
DD.
EE.
FF.
GG.
HH.
II.
MlO. -(CH 2 )IiSH

For middle groups
For side chain
For main chain
Telomerization (number of monomer units in
transferring chain)
Calculated from viscosity average molecular
weight
Value uncertain
In presence of 0.4 mol/1 lithium nitrate
In presence of ( ) mol/1 sodium chloride
In presence of ( ) mol/1 sodium bromide
Under pressure of:
Wl. 200psi (13.8bar)
W2. 250psi(17.2bar)
W3. 1470psi(101.4bar)
W4. 5000 psi (344.8 bar)
W5. 20000 psi (1379.0 bar)
W6. 26600psi (1834.1 bar)
W7. 28400 psi (1958.2bar)
W8. 56000psi(3861.2bar)
W9. 64600 psi (4454.2 bar)
WlO. 168000psi (11583.6 bar)
WIl. 600psi (41.4 bar)
W12. 2500psi (172.4bar)
W13. 18 psi (1.2bar)
W14. 735 psi (50.7 bar)
W15. 14200psi (979.1 bar)
W16. 42600 psi (2937.3 bar)
W17. 34500 psi (2378.8 bar)
Wl8. 3000bar
W19. 2700 bar
W20. 2400 bar
W21. 2000bar
W22. 1800 bar
W23. 150 bar
W24. 600 bar
Corrected for loss of low molecular weight
polymer
CM = 125 x exp(-7300//?r)
CM = 3.0 x exp(-5673/#r)
CM = 0.4 x exp(-6219//?r)
CM = 0.2 x exp(-5400/#r)
CM = 6.4 x exp(-4120/#r)
CM = 4.77 x exp(-3540/#r)
Radical is styrene
Radical is p-chlorostyrene
1/C varies with polym. rate and emulsifier of:
GGl. Kcaprate
GG2. Klaurate
GG3. K myristate
GG4. Kpalmitate
GG5. K rosinate
C is combined constant for copolymerization,
= (Csi X i J 1 X M i + CS2 XiJ 2 X M 2 )/
(Ri x Mi x Mi + 2 x Mi x M 2
+R2 x M 2 x M2)
In presence of FeBr2
111.
112.
JJO.
JJl.
In presence of FE(CO)5
In presence of methacrylic acid methyl ester
Catalyzed by Co(II)-tetramethylhematoporphyrine
Catalyzed by Co(II)-hematoporphyrinetetramethyl ether
JJ2. Catalyzed by Co(II)-tetra-4-tertbutylbenzoporphyrine
JJ3. In presence of ZnCl 2 ; [ZnCl 2 ]/[MMA] =

(a)0
(b) 0.1
(c) 0.23
(d) 0.40
KK. Copolymerization of acrylonitrile and butyl acrylate
LL. Controlled to pH 3 - 4 with acetic acid
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P h o t o p o l y m e r i z a t i o n
R e a c t i o n s
J. P. Fouassier
Laboratoire de Photochimie Generale, Mulhouse, Cedex, France
A. Introduction
11-169
B. Tables
11-170
Table 1. Rate Constants of Cleavage, Electron
Transfer and Monomer Quenching
in Radical Photoinitiators
11-170
Annex to Table 1. Photoinitiator
Compound Chemistries
11-173
Table 2. Bimolecular Rate Constants for
the Reaction of Phosphonyl Radicals
with Various Monomers in
Cyclohexane at Room Temperature 11-176
the Reaction of Various Radicals
with Various Olefinic Monomers
at Room Temperature
11-176
the Reaction of Ph 2 P=O and
Ph2P = S with Various Monomers
11-176
Table 5. Electron Transfer Reaction of Radicals
with Diphenyliodonium Salts
11-176
Table 6. Electron Transfer Rate Constants (ke)
Between Photosensitizers and Cationic
Photoinitiators and Quenching Rate
Constants (fcq) for Cyclohexene Oxide
in Methanol (M) and Acetonitrile
(AN)
11-177
Table 7. Excitation Transfer Rate Constants
(kj) for Thioxanthones and
Photoinitiators
11-178
Annex to Table 7. Compound
Chemistries
11-178
Table 8. Triplet State Lifetimes (rT) of the
Sensitizer (TXI) in Different Media,
and Rate Constant (A:T) of the
Interaction between TXI and TPMK 11-179
Table 9. Some Values of the Triplet State
Energy Levels of Photoinitiators and
Monomers
11-179
Table 10. Values of r f , rT, and k%
in Solution
11-179
Table 11. Rate Constant of Interaction of
Ketones and Light Stabilizers
in Solution
11-179
Annex to Table 11
11-179
C. References
11-180
A.
INTRODUCTION
UV curing technologies use light beams to start photochemical and chemical reactions in organic materials
(monomers, oligomers, prepolymers, polymers), mostly
through a Photo-Induced Polymerization (PIP) reaction.
This leads to the formation of a new polymeric material
whose applications lie in various industrial sectors, such as
coatings, graphic arts, imaging, microelectronics, etc.
Specific advantages of these technologies over the usual
thermal operations are rapid through-cure, solvent-free
formulation, room temperature treatment and low energy
requirements.
This PIP process is concerned with the creation of a
polymer P through a chain radical or cationic reaction
initiated by light in the presence of a photoinitiator (PI) and
a coupled Pl/photosensitizer (PS):
light
light
light
add species :X
excited PS
excited PI
R* or acid species
The reactivities of PI and PS govern, for a large part, the

practical efficiency of the PIP reaction. The present chapter
reports typical data obtained (through time-resolved laser
spectroscopy experiments) on the excited state processes in
PI and PS occurring after the absorption of the photon. Rate
constants reported in the following tables correspond to the
following processes:
1.
PI
(ground singlet
state)
light
1
PI*
first excited
singlet state
cleavage
H abstraction
monomer quenching
electron transfer
3
Pi*
triplet state
2. R' (or A# or S*...) + M ^ 3. 3 P F + light stabilizer

(LS)
3
(b) Energy and electron transfer can also occur in the

first excited singlet state 1 PS*.
RM'
4. PS* + PI
- excitation transfer
5. Tj'. Triplet state lifetime under the given conditions
(equal to the reciprocal value of the sum of the first-order
rate constants of the different processes)
Tj: Triplet state lifetime in the presence of a given
additive
6 3
- PS* + cationic photoinitiator C+

- PS" + C*
(a) Energy transfer can sometimes occur:
3
PS*+ C+
- PS+ C+*
Detailed data are available, especially in several chapters

of two edited books (1) and in a recent monograph (2). Few
data are known on the photopolymerization itself and
largely depend on the practical formulation used as well as
the experimental conditions. Typically, one photon
absorbed can lead to ~10000 polymerized double bonds
(3). Rate constants of propagation kp and termination fct for
a polyurethane acrylate resin containing an acrylate
monomer (weight ratio, 1:1) as reactive diluent are
~10 4 1/mol/s and 3 x 10 4 l/mol/s respectively (when half
of the double bonds have been polymerized) (3).
B. TABLES
TABLE 1. RATE CONSTANTS OF CLEAVAGE, ELECTRON TRANSFER AND MONOMER QUENCHING IN RADICAL PHOTOINITIATORS0
10~9A:e
(1/mol/s)
10~6A:q
(1/mol/s)
Monomers famines 7
solventsd
Ha
Hb
Hc
lid
lie
Hf
Hg
Hh
Hi
Ha
1.3
2.0
1.2
1.2
0.2
0.07
1.5
0.6
0.27
Mi, AHi, Si
Ha
0.003e
0.001^
7
2
1.9
2
0.56
66
150
2.5
2
1
13
180
8
0.05
3200
360
5.4
34
Compound
10 "8Jk0
(s"1)
Ha
Hj
Ilk
111
Hm
Hn
Up
Hq
Hr
Hs
Ilr
Hs
Hr
Hs
Hr
Ils
Ilr
Hs
I2a
I2b
I2c
I2d
I2e
I2f
I2g
I2h
I2i
10
0.5
0.9
0.0064*
0.0025e
0.0056e
0.0043*
7.14
0.87
0.003
0.00025
0.83
0.003
0.67
1.18
0.80
0.26
< 0.001
0.08
0.20
0.08
0.17
0.15
0.05
1500
1550
56
110
5500
7400
5100
6500
49
140
9.4
50
250
20
4.5
8
22
10
29
20
21
M2,
M5,
M3,
M4,
Refs.
4
S2
S2
S2
S2
21
21
21
21
22
S 2 , AH3
S 2 , AH4
S 2 , AH2
S 2 , AH5
S 2 , AH6
S3
M 7 , AH2, S 4
26
S2
26
S 6 , Mi
26
S6, M2
26
S6, M5
26
S6, M3
26
S6, M4
26
Mi, AHi, Si
23
25
TABLE 1. cont'd
Compound
Ba
I3b
13c
I3d
I3e
I3f
I3g
I3h
I4a
I4b
I4c
I4d
I4e
I4f
I4g
I4h
I4i
I4e
I4f
I4g
I4h
I4i
I4f
I4g
I4h
I4i
I4f
I4g
I4h
I4i
I5a
I6a
I7a
I7b
I8a
I9a
HOa
Ilia
IHb
IHc
Hid
I12a
I12b
I12c
I12d
I12e
I12a
I12b
I12c
I12d
I12e
I12b
I12c
I12d
I12e
I12b
I12c
I12d
I12e
I13a
I14a
I14b
I14c
I14d
I15a
I15b
I15c
10 8A: c
(s"1)
10
1
25
0.005
10
0.006
0.007
0.13
>100
>100
> 100
>100
W~9ke
(1/mol/s)
10 6 A: q
(I/moI/s)
>200
2
0.7
6 XlO" 5
0.85
2.5
0.9
0.4
0.7
0.05
440
0.35
11
700
1200
480
800
1000
200
13
8100
4800
6500
1500
190
6
17
<10
5.7
1300
700
380
180
1.6
6.5
6.0
3.5
>5
4
>5
Mi5AHi5S1
Si
M2, S2
Mi, S 2
M3, S2
M4, S2
Mj5S1
Mi, AHi, Si
8
9
9
10 ~4
<10~ 4
<10~ 4
> 10
7 xlO-3
1.4
Refs.
<10~ 4
8100
4800
6500
1500
190
480
800
1000
200
13
60
17
<1
5.7
1300
700
380
180
> 10
0.8
>1
0.12
0.01
Monomers famines 7
solvents^
11000
2900
15
1200
Mi7AHi9S1
Mi5AH19Si
Mi, AHi, Si
9
9
10
10
M15S2
11
M25S2
11
M3, S2
11
M4, S2
11
AH 2 , S 2
M19AH15S1
12
13
S2
14
TABLE 1. cont'd
Compound
I15d
I16a
I16b
I17a
I18a
I19a
I20a
I21a
I22a
I22b
I22c
I22d
I23a
I23b
I23c
I23d
I23e
I23f
I23a
I23b
I23c
I23d
I23a
I23b
I23c
I23d
I23a
I23b
I23c
I23d
I23a
I23b
I23c
I23d
I23a
I23b
I23c
I23d
I23a
I23b
I23c
I23d
I23a
I23a
I23b
I23b
I23g
I23h
124
125
126
127
128
129
a
10*kc
(s1)
10~9ke
(1/mol/s)
10~6kq
(1/mol/s)
Monomers famines 7
solvents^
Refs.
3.3
1.5
>3
0.05
0.16
0.3
29
60
-10
-5
0.02
0.014
0.7
6
5
4
4
0.01
0.017
2.5
180
AH 1 9 S 1
15
300
S1
S1
S1
S2
S2
S3
16
17
18
18
18
19
M 1 , AH3, S 2
20
AH2, S 5
24
M 2 , S 2 , AH2
20
M3, S2
20
M4, S2
20
M5, S2
20
M6, S2
20
S 2 , AH4
26
S1, M8
S19M9
S 2 , AH7
S 2 , AH8
M7, S 4
13
13
26
26
25
S 2 , Mi
S2, M10
S2, M10
S2
37
37
37
39
S 7 , AH 9
41
100
93
2.3
2.0
15
2
3
3
3000
6000
6000
6000
0.2
0.02
0.03
0.04
4
0.4
1
1
40
30
5
6
1
1
0.3
0.3
8
6
6
6
26
23
8
0.85
<10~5
<10~5
4.4-f
0.3
0.015
65
37
0.016
0.006
0.007
Compound chemistries given in Annex to Table 1.

1}
Monomers: Mi - methyl methacrylate; M2 - styrene; M3 - vinyl acetate; M4 - acrylonitrile; M5 - vinyl pyrrolidone; M6 - butylvinylether; M 7 - acrylamide; Mg PETA; M 9 - TMPTA; M10 - butylmethacrylate.
c
Amines: AHi - methyl diethanolamine; AH 2 - triethylamine; AH 3 - ethyl-4-(dimethylamino)-benzoate; AH 4 - bis-(2-hydroxy ethyl)-methylamine; AH 5 - methyl-4amino benzoate; AH 6 - 1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane (DABCO); AH 7 - dimethylamine; AHg - 2-(dimethyl aminoethyl)-benzoate; AH 9 - diethylaniline.
d
Solvents: Si - toluene; S 2 - benzene; S 3 - acetonitrile; S 4 - water; S5 - 2-propanol; S 6 - acetone; S 7 - ethanol.
e
Rate constant of H abstraction by THF.
^Rate constant of H abstraction by isopropanol.
ANNEX TO TABLE 1. PHOTOINITIATOR COMPOUND CHEMISTRIES

Compound
Ri
R2
R3
R4
Ha
lib
lie
Hd
He
iif
Hg
Hh
in
Hj
Ilk
111
Hm
Hn
Up
Hq
Hr
Hs
I2a
I2b
I2c
I2d
I2e
I2f
I2g
I2h
I2i
Ba
I3b
13c
Dd
I3e
I3f
Bg
Dh
I4a
I4b
I4c
I4d
I4e
I4f
I4g
I4h
I4i
ANNEX TO TABLE 1. cont'd

Compound
Ri
R2
I5a
I6a
I7a
I7b
Fluorenone
H
CH 2 SOjNa
I8a
I9a
I9b
HOa
C2H5
Ilia
IHb
IHc
IHd
I12a
112b
I12c
I12d
H
H
CH 3
CH 3 O
OH
OCOCH3
H
CH 3
I12e
I13a
CH 3
I14a
I14b
I14c
I14d
H
/-C 3 H 7
OC 2 H 5
J-C 4 H 9
I15a
I15b
I15c
I15d
I16a
H
CH 3
H
CH3
H
H
R3
R4
ANNEX TO TABLE 1. cont'd

Compound
Ri
R2
R3
R4
I16b
I17a
I18a
I19a
I20a
I21a
I22a
I22b
I22c
I22d
I23a
I23b
I23c
I23d
I23e
I23f
H
Cl
CH 3
CH 3 (CH 3 ) 2
H
H
I23g
-OCH 2 COOH
I23h
OCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 3 SO 3 Me-
124
Acridine
Phenazine
125
126
127
128
129
TABLE 2. BIMOLECULAR RATE CONSTANTS0 FOR THE REACTION OF PHOSPHONYL RADICALS WITH VARIOUS MONOMERS IN
CYCLOHEXANE AT ROOM TEMPERATU RE *
Radical
Monomer
Methacrylonitrile
5.0
4.6
4.5
Styrene
Methylmethacrylate
Acrylonitrile
Methyl acrylate
n-Butyl vinyl ether
Vinyl acetate
6.0
8.0
2.0
3.5
0.4
0.16
4.5
5.0
2.0
2.1
0.3
0.13
8.0
5.8
0.18
1.3
0.23
0.082
kRM in 10 7 l/mol/s.
Ref. 26.
9.2
11
22
5.8
0.58
1.7
2.1
0.29
25
5.3
0.26
1.6
1.4
0.18
TABLE 3. BIMOLECULAR RATE C O N S T A N T S " FOR THE REACTION OF V A R I O U S RADICALS W I T H V A R I O U S OLEFINIC M O N O M E R S AT

R O O M TEMPERATURE*
Radical
Monomer
3.5 x 10" 2
Styrene
Methylmethacrylate
Acrylonitrile
Methyl acrylate
n-Butyl vinyl ether
Vinyl acetate
Af-Vinyrpyrrolidone
a
9xlO~
4 x 10 ~4
5.4xlO~
1.6 x 10~2
7 x 10~ 4
4xlO"
< 10 " 6
6 x 10 ~4
4xlO~
1.2 x 10 ~2
0.9xl0~ 2
2 x 10 ~3
6
2
2
0.5
0.2
2 x 10 ~2
18C
10" 3t
IO"1*
kRU in 10 l/mol/s.
Ref. 26.
From Ref. 40.
+From Ref. 16.
fo
c
TABLE 4. BIMOLECULAR RATE C O N S T A N T S 0 FOR THE REACT I O N OF P h 2 R = O A N D Ph 2 P-=* W I T H V A R I O U S M O N O M E R S * 0
Radical
Monomer
Methacrylonitrile
Styrene
Methylmethacrylate
Acrylonitrile
Methyl acrylate
rc-Butyl vinyl ether
Vinyl acetate
a
Ph2P = O
1.9
4.6
4.1
1.3
1.7
5.0
1.4
Ph2P = S
0.9
0.4
0.19
0.52
0.62
0.15
0.042
kRM in 10 7 l/mol/s
*Ref. 27.
c
Experiments were carried out in CH 2 C^ solution at room temperature.
TABLE 5. ELECTRON TRANSFER REACTION O F RADICALS W I T H

D I P H E N Y L I O D O N I U M SALTS
Radicals
Ph2PO
Ph2COH
(CHs)2COH
10"9Jt6 (1/mol/s)
Refs.
<10"3
0.03
0.06
42
43
TABLE 6. ELECTRON TRANSFER RATE CONSTANTS (ke) BETWEEN PHOTOSENSITIZERS AND CATIONIC PHOTOINITIATORS AND
QUENCHING RATE CONSTANTS (kq) FOR CYCLOHEXENE OXIDE IN METHANOL (M) AND ACETONITRILE (AN)
Photosensitizer
Chlorothioxanthone
Chlorothioxanthone
Cationic photoinitiator
Anion
Solvent
(1/mol/s)
(1/mol/s)
0.3
AsF6"
Cl"
PF6BF4;
AsF 6
AN
24
24
26
24
290
AsF 6
400
Refs.
28
36
Benzophenone
AsF 6
Cl"
BF4"
15
1
47
0.33
Ketocoumarin
BF 4
6.4
0.04
14
Chlorothioxanthone
PF 6
35
PF 6
28
SbF 6
AsF 6
BF 4
570
BF 4
110
PF 6
14
AsF 6
100
BF 4
38
29
15
TABLE 6. cont'd
Photosensitizer
Cationic photoinitiator
Xanthone
Michler's ketone
Thioxanthone
10-Methylacridone
Acridone
Anthracene
Chlorothioxanthone
Pyrene
Benzophenone
Isopropylthioxanthone
Anion
Solvent
10-7Are
(1/mol/s)
Cl"
140
10~7A:q
(1/mol/s)
Refs.
30
0.7
200
350
740
M
(NO2Cp)2I+
Cl"
31
28
400
130
500
250
TABLE 7. EXCITATION TRANSFER RATE CONSTANTS (kT) FOR THIOXANTHONES AND PHOTOINITIATORSa
Thioxanthone
Initiator
Solvent
TXI
HMK
Toluene
Methanol
Toluene
Methanol
Toluene
Methanol
Toluene
Methanol
Toluene
Methanol
Toluene
Methanol
OMK
TPMK
NMK
ETX
TPMK
ITX
TPMK
10 " 6 ^ x (1/mol/s)
100
290
75
380
240
630
4700
7900
12
110
60
55
"Ref. 32.
ANNEX TO TABLE 7. COMPOUND CHEMISTRIES
TX's
Ri
R2
R3
R4
Abbrev.
Triplet state
energy level
(kcal/mol)
H
H
CH 3
H
Cl
CH(CH 3 ) 2
H
H H
H
H
COOET
H
H
H
COOET
CTX
ITX
ETX
TXI
62
61
58,5
63
Mok's
H
SCH 3
OCH 3
N(CH 3 ) 2
HMK
TPMK
OMK
NMK
65
61
65
63
TABLE 8. TRIPLET STATE LIFETIMES (TT) OF THE SENSITIZER

(TXI) IN DIFFERENT MEDIA*, AND RATE CONSTANT (kj) OF THE
INTERACTION BETWEEN TXI AND TPMK*
XT
tl
Hr6Jkx
Medium
(ns)
(cp at 28 C)
(I/moI/s)
TMPTAC (100%)
Acrylate (66/33)
Toluene-Ep. acrylate
(50/50)
Toluene-TMPTA (25/75)
HDDA^ (100%)
HDDA-Ep. acrylate
(50/50)
Toluene-HDDA (50/50)
Toluene-HDDA-Ep.
acrylate (25/50/25)
Toluene-PETAe (50/50)
Toluene-PETA-Ep.
acrylate (43/43/14)
Toluene
Methanol
650
2200
1500
40
185
9.5
80
31
35
270
200
280
650
2500
5.8
1.7
0.9
5.2
58
135
<40
150
95
22
1000
850
1.2
5.8
140
68
220
360
3.1
6.9
40
69
50
140
0.53
0.52
240
630
TABLE 11. RATE CONSTANT OF INTERACTION OF KETONES

AND LIGHT STABILIZERS IN SOLUTION
Photoinitiator
Light stabilizer
l<T6A:a
(1/mol/s)
Benzophenone
LSI
LS2
LS3
LS4
LS5
SL6
LSI
LS7
6500
8550
10300
15000
7050
5900
500
700
Acetone
Refs.
34
35
36
ANNEX TO TABLE 11.

LSI:
Viscosity: 77.
Ref. 33; for formula, see Annex to Table 7.
Trimethylolpropane triacrylate.
^Hexanedioldiacrylate.
Tentaerythritol triacrylate.
&
LS2:
TABLE 9. SOME VALUES OF THE TRIPLET STATE ENERGY

LEVELS OF PHOTOINITIATORS AND MONOMERS
Compound
Triplet state energy (AE) (kcal/mol)
Ila
I4a
I7a
I8a
I9b
M2
I14a
124
69
73
53
53
59
61
75
57
Cited in Ref. 13
LS3:
Cited in Ref. 38
LS4:
TABLE 10. VALUES OF T, T1, AND IrJt IN SOLUTION

Photoinitiators
t j (ns)
Xj (ns)
4200
4000
10"6JkJ
(1/mol/s)
LS5:
0.85
LS6:
3300
2000
14
470
470
<5
4000
1750
24
LS7:
determined in bulk epoxyacrylate-HDDA (60:4OwAv); a in solution b in the

presence of LSI (2%).; Ref. 34.
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33. J. R Fouassier, D. Ruhlmann, Eur. Polym. J., 29 (4), 505
(1993).
34. J. R Fouassier, D. Ruhlmann, A. Erddalane, Macromolecules,
26, 721 (1993).
35. J. R Guillory, C. F. Cook, Jacs, 95, 4885 (1973).
36. R Bortolus, in: J. R Fouassier, J. F. Rabek (Eds.), "Radiation
Curing in Polymer Science and Technology", vol. II,
Chapman & Hall, London, 1993.
37. H-J. Timpe, Topics in Current Chemistry, vol. 156, 167,
(1990).
38. H-J. Timpe, K-R Kronfeld, J. Photochem. & Photobiol., A:
Chem., 46, 253 (1989).
39. J. C. Netto-Ferreira, D. Weir, J. C. Scaiano, J. Photochem. &
Photobiol., A: Chem., 48, 345 (1989).
40. J. C. Scaiano, L. C. Stewart, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 105 (11),
3609 (1983).
41. E. Klimtchuk, M. A. J. Rodgers, D. C. Neckers, J. Phys.
Chem., 96 (24), 9817 (1992).
42. Y. Yagci, W. Schnabel, Makromol. Chem., Rapid Commun.,
8, 209 (1987).
43. Y. Yagci, S. R Pappas, W. Schnabel, Z. Naturforsch, 42a, 1425
(1987).
F r e e
R a d i c a l
C o p o l y m e r i z a t i o n
R e a c t i v i t y
R a t i o s
Robert Z. Greenley*
Monsanto Co., 544 Oak Valley Drive, St. Louis, MO 63131, USA
A. Introduction
B. Tables
Table 1. Copolymer Reactivity Ratios
Table 2. Listing of Quick Basic (Microsoft)
Program for Calculating Reactivity
Ratios
C. References
A.
11-181
11-182
11-182
II-288
II-290
INTRODUCTION
When a vinyl monomer is copolymerized with a second

monomer, the relationship between the composition of the
initially formed copolymer and the initial monomer mixture
is given by
where m \ is the number of moles of monomer 1 entering

the copolymer, ra2, the number of moles of monomer 2
entering the copolymer, Mi, the number of moles of
monomer 1 in the monomeric mixture, M2, the number of
the moles of monomer 2 in the monomer mixture, and r\
and r2 are the monomer reactivity ratios.
The monomer reactivity ratios, r\ and r 2 , for any
monomer pair are the ratios of the rate constants of the
different propagation reactions:
with r\ = &11/&12, ri = ^22/^21- ~ M" represents a polymer chain ending in a radical derived from monomer M.
The original compilations of reactivity ratios and their
references were published by L. J. Young in the first two
editions of this Handbook. In the third edition, the original
listings and those through 1986 were re-evaluated. This
fourth edition contains an additional 548 evaluated monomer pairs giving a total of 3,265 such pairs. Only free
* Retired.
radical reactivity ratios are listed. When the original

references were available, they were read. If the experimental data was published, the reactivity ratios were
recalculated according to the methods of Kelen and Tudos
(803,804). The 95% confidence limits for the reactivity
ratios were also calculated (805). If the authors used this
method for r-value evaluation, including adjustment of the
monomer feeds for total conversion, then the reported
values were utilized. There are a number of reported
reactivity ratios that are not reported here. This is due to the
absence of these values in the abstracts of papers which
were published in journals unavailable to the author.
All of the monomer pairs in Table 1 are cross-referenced.
The full spelling of each monomer was included in its
Monomer 1 citation. Sometimes truncated but distinguishable names have been used in the Monomer 2 lists.
If only the reactivity ratios and reference are given, then,
either no experimental data was given or the journal was not
available and the Chemical Abstracts summary was the
source of the data. If a Y or N (yes or no) appears in the
conversion (Conv.) column then the reactivity ratios were
recalculated. If a recalculation was performed but the 95%
confidence columns (95%) are still left blank, it indicates
that only two feed/polymer data pairs were available. In
general, if there is a citation (Y or N) in the Conv. column
but no reactivity ratios are shown in the reactivity ratio
columns, the copolymerization did not follow the copolymerization equation (ionic or penultimate effects were
prevalent). In a few cases, the data were too scattered to
allow a reactivity ratio calculation.
Recalculations yield negative reactivity ratios in several
cases. We are aware that this is a physically unrealistic
artifact. When the 95% confidence limits are applied to
these negative numbers, a value of zero usually falls within
these limits. It may be noted that a single reference
sometimes contains a variety of reactivity ratios for one
monomer pair. The reader may assume that these result
from a change of polymerization conditions; e.g., different
polymerization temperatures or polymerization media of
varying polarity.
For those who are interested in using the Kelen-Tudos
calculations, a listing of a simplistic program written in
QuickBasic (Microsoft) is also given (Table 2).
B. TABLES
TABLE 1. COPOLYMER REACTIVITY RATIOS
Monomer 1
Acenaphthalene
Acenaphthalene
Acenaphthalene
Acenaphthalene
Acenaphthalene
Acenaphthalene
Acenaphthalene
Acenaphthalene
Acenaphthalene
Acenaphthalene
Acenaphthalene
Acenaphthalene
Acenaphthalene
Acenaphthalene
Acenaphthalene
Acenaphthalene
Acetamide, A^-(4-methacryloyloxyphenyl)2-(4-methoxy)
Acetamide, TV-vinylAcetamide, Af-vinylAcetamide, AT-vinylAcetamide, N-vinylAcetamide, N-vinylAcetamide, Af-vinylAcetanilide, 4-(2-methacryloyloxy)ethyloxy)
Acetanilide, 4-(2-methacryloyloxy)hexyloxy)
Acetanilide, 4-(methacryloyloxy)Acetate, 2-chloro-, vinyl
Acetate, allyl
Acetate, chloro-, allyl
Acetate, dichloro-, allyl
Acetate, isopropenyl
Acetate, trichloro-, allyl
Acetylene, phenylAcetylene, phenylAcetylene, phenylAcetylene, phenylAcetylene, phenylAcetylene, phenylAcetylene, phenylAcetylene, phenylAcetylene, phenylAcetylene, phenylAcetylene, phenylAcetylene, phenylAcetylene, phenylAconitate, trimethyl
Aconitate, trimethyl
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Monomer 2
Acrylate, (-)-menthyl
Acrylonitrile
Carbazole, N-vinylFumarate, diisopropyl
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleimide, N-cyclohexylMethacrylate, (-)-menthyl
Methacrylate, methyl
Methacrylonitrile
Pyrrolidone, N-vinylPyrrolidone, N-vinylStilbene
Styrene
Methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl
Acrylamide
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Methacrylate,
rx
2.56
6.62
2.57
0.46
0.46
0.57
2.48
1.05
0.99
2.25
2.38
5.65
0.33
1.49
95%
1.77
0.13
0.55
0.14
0.15
0.23
r2
0.02
-0.03
0.06
0.02
-0.04
0.11
0.316
0.36
0.38
0.44
0.15
-0.01
3.81
0.61
95%
Conv.
Refs.
645
575
331
1039
1039
26
1039
645
326
326
575
575
326
326
725
525
1051
0.12
0.05
0.085
0.04
0.04
Y
N
N
0.04
N
N
N
2-hydroxyethyl
0.3
0.19
0.71
0.01
5.5
21
0.67
1.4
2.65
1.18
2.1
0.6
0
1.39
984
984
984
984
984
984
1096
0.87
1.19
1096
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Fumarate, diisopropyl
Vinyl acetate
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Isoprene
Maleic anhydride
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, isobutyl
Methacrylonitrile
Pyridine, 2-vinylStyrene
Acrylonitrile
Butadiene
Styrene
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
1.94
1.18
0.43
0.69
0.54
0.011
0.28
0.272
0.093
0.325
0.1
0.08
0.2
0.21
0.27
1.69
0.07
0.04
0.78
0.8
1.8
0.77
0.57
0.67
0.41
0.622
0.664
0.266
3.01
0.06
1.5
1.7
1.9
-0.06
1.111
0.78
1096
892
1045
1045
1045
1038
1045
60
731
60
648
797
443
565
565
357
732
648
192
357
147
147
147
147
149
207
208
291
292
291
292
207
291
methyl
methyl
methyl
0.33
-0.48
0
-0.013
0.19
0.15
1.95
1.59
1.86
2.29
1.2
1.98
-0.07
1.41
0.072
0.01
0.083
26.56
0.016
0.12
0.11
0.22
0.009
0.94
0.58
0.1
0.19
0.58
0.44
0.03
0.4
0.324
4.24
0.4
1.026
0.04
64.6
0.8
0.18
0.638
1.12
0.6
1.09
7.86
0.83
0.062
0.045
0.044
Y
Y
Y
0.16
0.095
Y
Y
23.74
0.23
0.02
0.032
0.41
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
Y
N
0.25
3.58
0.12
N
N
Y
0.02
0.92
0.4
0.091
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein diethylacetal
Acrolein, methylAcrolein, methylAcrolein, methylAcrolein, methylAcrolein, methylAcrolein, methylAcrolein, methylAcrolein, methylAcrolein, methylAcrolein, methylAcrolein, methylAcrolein, methylAcrolein, 2-chloroAcryl-2/-ethyl-4,5,7-trinitro9-flurenone-2-carboxylate
Acryl-2/-ethyl-4,5,7-trinitro-9-flurenone2-carboxylate
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Monomer 2
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Styrenesulfonate, /?-, sodium
Styrenesulfonate, p-, sodium
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Acrylonitrile
Maleic anhydride
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Styrene
Acrylate, iV-(2-hydroxyethyl)carbazolyl
Methacrylate, JV-(2-hydroxyethyl)carbazolyl
Acetamide, Af-vinylAcrolein
Acrolein
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid, cw-3-bromoAcrylic acid, ds-3-ethylAcrylic acid, trans-3-bromoAcrylic acid, frcms-3-ethylAcrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Cinnamic acid, cisCinnamic acid, transCrotonic acid
Crotonic acid
Crotonic acid
Crotonic acid
Crotonic acid, cisCrotonic acid, trans-
r\
95%
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.93
1.24
0.38
0.28
N
Y
0.06
0.03
0.01
N
N
N
0.05
0.4
0.05
Y
N
N
0.03
0.017
0.02
0.006
0.033
0.071
0.009
0.12
0.11
N
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
N
0.19
0.01
0.017
0.05
0.079
292
57
57
207
207
208
504
291
292
208
446
208
291
292
307
57
57
57
207
271
767
767
589
455
587
589
91
589
208
587
589
223
589
589
806
715
0.096
703
0.58
0.1
0.029
0.069
0.012
0.14
N
N
Y
Y
Y
N
0.11
0.1
0.16
0.11
0.033
0.1
0.75
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
0.28
0.15
0.14
0.19
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.024
Y
Y
2.54
2.48
0.5
1.16
1.07
1.52
1.28
0.76
0.59
0.68
0.72
2.64
0.216
0.02
0.32
0.395
0.26
0.113
3.04
5.22
0.02
0.18
2.5
1.7
3.8
3.8
1.72
0.4
1.78
1.25
1.25
0.833
0.3
0.98
0.15
0.585
0.07
0.028
1.08
0.08
1.15
0.88
0.71
0.48
0.6
1.136
1.33
1.17
1.2
-0.12
0.257
0.22
0.205
0.327
0.047
0.01
-0.02
0.03
11.19
0.07
0.02
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.03
0.1
0.41
0.45
0.45
0.173
0.41
0.15
0.02
0.912
0.102
0.022
0.773
1.4
0.8
0.18
1.08
0.445
1.346
0.598
0.58
1.06
7.64
6.32
4.13
8.19
0.81
1.08
0.5
1.36
1.3
3.84
3.4
3.76
4.23
4.72
5.32
12
0.13
0.08
0.07
0.12
0.3
0.12
0.14
0.036
0.01
0.002
0.092
0.16
0.018
0.43
0.13
0.42
0.07
0.092
0.23
0.02
0.17
0.075
0.044
0.047
1.67
0.68
0.76
1.09
0.11
0.51
0.26
0.68
0.24
0.89
1.37
0.33
0.3
1.95
1.59
0.288
1.644
0.341
1.38
3.8
0.29
-0.2
-0.16
-0.33
-0.21
0.863
0.97
1.8
0.88
0.8
-0.24
-0.18
-0.19
0.11
0.12
-0.085
984
207
208
221
278
278
37
869
869
298
298
298
298
228
228
330
421
461
298
298
298
298
569
569
341
341
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Monomer 2
r\
Dioxolane, l,3,4-methylene-2-trichloro- 8.6

Maleic anhydride
0.56
0.05
0.14
Methacrylate, 3-methoxy0.04
2-hydroxypropyl
Acrylamide
Methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl
0.52
sulfate
Acrylamide
2.29
Acrylamide
0.53
Acrylamide
0.82
Acrylamide
0.9
Acrylamide
Methacrylic acid
0.57
Acrylamide
Methacrylic acid
0.58
Acrylamide
Methacrylic acid
0.56
Acrylamide
Methylenebutyrolactone
0.3
Acrylamide
Styrene
0.58
Acrylamide
Styrene
1.32
Acrylamide
Styrene
0.33
Acrylamide
Styrene
0.59
Acrylamide
Styrene
8.97
Acrylamide
Styrene
0.2
Acrylamide
Succinimide, N-vinyl1.86
Acrylamide
Vinyl chloride
Acrylamide
Vinyl methyl ketone
3.99
Acrylamide
Vinyl methyl ketone
1.02
Acrylamide
Vinylene carbonate
13.8
Acrylamide
Vinylmethylphenylsulfonium
3.4
tetrarluoro
Acrylamide
Vinylsulfonic acid
3.5
Acrylamide, 2-chloro-WV-dimethylMethacrylate, methyl
-0.159
Acrylamide, 2-chloro-AW-dimethylStyrene
-0.036
Acrylamide, JV,7V-dibutylStyrene
0.294
Acrylamide, WV-diethylAcrylic acid
0.35
Acrylamide, iV,iV-diethylButanoate, 3-acrylamido-3-methyl-,
0.987
sodium
Acrylamide, A^TV-diethylMethacrylate, methyl
0.41
Acrylamide, MN-diethylStyrene
0.39
Acrylamide, WV-diethylStyrene
0.34
Acrylamide, A^-diethylStyrene
0.18
Acrylamide, WV-dimethylMethacrylate, methyl
0.57
Acrylamide, iV,N-dimethylMethacrylate, methyl
0.59
Acrylamide, AÂf-dimethylMethacrylate, methyl
0.21
Acrylamide, A^V-dimethylStyrene
0.12
0.49
0.47
Acrylamide, MiV-dimethylSulfonate, 2-acrylamido1.108
2-methylpropane
Acrylamide, N,7V-dimethylVinyl methyl ketone
0.82
Acrylamide, A^-(2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl)- Methacrylamide, A^-(2-hydroxypropyl)0.95
Acrylamide, N-(2-(propionamide)Styrene
0.86
Acrylamide, Af-methylMethacrylate, methyl
0.05
Acrylamide, N-methylol
Acrylate, butyl
0.61
Acrylamide, Af-methylol
Acrylate, ethyl
1.4
Acrylate, methyl
1.9
Acrylamide, iV-methylol
Acrylonitrile
1.2
Acrylonitrile
2.33
Acrylonitrile
2.56
Acrylamide, TV-methylol
0.7
0.7
Acrylamide, JV-methylol
Styrene
0.48
Acrylamide, Af-methylol
Vinyl chloride
Acrylamide, N-methylolStyrene
0.4
Acrylamide, N-octadecylAcrylonitrile
1.4
Acrylamide, N-octadecylMethacrylate, methyl
0.42
95%
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
r2
95%
Conv.
0.037
0
1.89
0.98
3.98
616
655
689
928
689
0.05
1.9
0.2
0.44
0.09
2.34
3
2.53
3
1.63
4.4
0.15
2.85
1.17
1.21
1.49
1.13
0.65
1.05
0.17
0.17
0.09
N
N
0.45
0.06
0.04
0.16
N
N
N
0.03
0.7
0.13
0.47
0.75
0.05
0.1
0.44
0.23
Y
Y
Y
0.15
0.502
0.152
0.058
0.12
0.153
0.3
2.71
1.29
1.6
0.36
0.22
0.1
0.398
0.065
0.058
0.04
0.138
N
Y
0.15
1.65
1.23
1.36
1.54
2.15
2.8
2.64
1.15
1.37
1.32
0.162
0.16
0.08
0.1
0.15
0.35
0.1
0.12
0.949
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
1.07
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.43
0.08
0.09
0.21
0.3
0.15
0.2
0.59
Refs.
0.36
0.09
0.3
0.72
0.1
1.01
1.84
1.14
0.87
1.4
1.3
0.7
0.98
0.22
1.62
1.62
0.03
0.43
0.09
0.21
0.09
0.03
0.17
0.11
1.55
1.034
4.119
0.05
0.02
0.07
1052
Y
Y
N
N
Y
Y
Y
314
314
314
691
1028
852
852
746
295
314
314
314
343
555
600
156
609
609
387
793
1066
917
917
806
205
857
170
739
739
739
315
315
691
170
315
315
857
609
965
295
691
441
442
441
442
577
596
593
596
596
157
891
119
290
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Acrylamide, N-octadecylAcrylamide, N-octadecylAcrylamide, Af-octadecylAcrylamide, Af-octylAcrylamide, N-propylAcrylamide, N-propylAcrylamide, N-tert-buty\Acrylamide, N-tert-buty\Acrylamide, a-fluoroAcrylamido, 1-,-1-deoxy-D-glucitol
Acrylamido, 1-,-1-deoxy-D-glucitol
Acrylamido, 1-,-1-deoxy-D-glucitol
Acrylamido, 2-,2-methylpropanesulfonate,
sodium
Acrylamido, 2-,-2-methylpropanesulfonic
acid
Acrylamido, 2-,-2-methylpropanesulfonic
acid
Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonate
sodium salt
Acrylamidomethylamino, /?-, azobenzene
Acrylamidomethylamino, p-, azobenzene
Acrylate, 1,1,5-trihydroperfluoroamyl
Acrylate, 2,3-dibromopropyl
Acrylate, 2,4,5-trichlorophenyl
Acrylate, 2,4,6-tribromophenyl
Acrylate, 2,4-dinitrophenyl
Acrylate, 2(0-ethyl methylphosphonoxy)-,
methyl
Acrylate, 2-chloroethyl
Acrylate, 2-chloroethyi
Acrylate, 2-chloroethylglucitol
Acrylate, 2-cyano-, methyl
Acrylate, 2-cyanoethyl
Acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl
Acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl
Acrylate, 2-nitrobutyl
Acrylate, 3,4-epoxyhexahydrobenzyl
Monomer 2
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinylidene chloride
Styrene
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
r\
0.54
8.25
1.4
0.258
0.4
0.26
1.14
2.83
0.148
0.05
0.03
0.98
11.6
95%
0.14
1.46
0.11
0.119
0.081
0.09
0.02
0.87
r2
2.08
0.004
0.432
2.715
0.8
1.2
0.2
0.25
2.13
3.75
2.42
0.03
0.05
95%
Conv.
0.12
0.011
0.008
0.244
Y
Y
Y
0.136
0.24
0.08
0.17
Y
N
N
N
Refs.
290
119
119
806
730
730
709
709
823
258
258
258
700
0.9
0.86
618
Methacrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl
1.03
0.89
618
iV-Vinylpyrrolidone
0.66
0.13
939
0.083
0.126
858
858
645
667
809
643
840
622
643
716
716
Styrene
8.5
Vinyl acetate
12.98
Acenaphthalene
Pyridine, 4-vinyl0.291
Methacrylonitrile
0.14
Styrene
0.16
Pyrrolidone, N-vinyl0.163
Styrene
0.23
Styrene
0.1
Acrylate, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-carbazolyl 0.158
Methacrylate, A^-(2-hydroxyethyl)0.186
carbazolyl
0.44
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Itaconate, bis(tri-rc-butyltin)
Itaconic anhydride
Itaconic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Pyrrolidone, Af-vinylStyrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl isobutyl ether
Styrene
Styrene, a-methylVinyl acetate
Styrene
Acrylate, glycidyl
Methacrylate, glycidyl
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
1.03
1.07
0.87
0.683
-0.016
0.251
7.15
0.37
0.52
0.1
0.139
0.12
2.01
2.24
0.14
0.001
0.5
0.128
1.12
0.09
0.31
0.26
7.5
4.15
0.9
0.97
0.9
1.76
0.27
0.12
0.388
0.45
Y
Y
0.008
0.048
Y
Y
0.015
0.009
2.32
1.03
0.42
0.012
0.277
0.2
0.109
0.243
0.026
0.034
0.25
0.73
0.04
0.017
0.02
0.021
0.022
0.021
0.31
0.17
0.083
0.09
0.074
0.07
0.13
0.6
0.23
0.24
0.13
0.69
0.04
0.01
0.074
0.9
0.9
1.03
0.391
2.46
2.61
0.027
2.15
0.03
0.55
0.494
0.54
0
0
0.49
0.05
0.005
0.399
1.18
2.41
0.96
0.94
0.04
0.16
0.3
0.5
0.94
0.67
1.19
0.35
0.25
882
0.38
0.32
0.004
Y
Y
Y
0.47
0.097
Y
Y
0.2
0.032
0.06
0.46
0.3
Y
N
Y
N
0.06
0.03
0.04
0.25
0.12
0.03
0.13
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
726
726
790
940
365
365
117
790
790
140
178
790
790
790
806
452
452
178
126
674
126
463
570
510
868
868
868
234
234
234
680
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Acrylate, 4-acetylphenyl
Acrylate, P-acetoxymethyl-, methyl
Acrylate, |3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl
Acrylate, p-ethoxy-, ethyl
Acrylate, (3-ethoxy-, ethyl
Acrylate, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)3,6-dichlorocarbazolyl
Acrylate, 7V-(2-hydroxyethyl)carbazolyl
Acrylate, AH2-hydroxyethyl)carbazolyl
Monomer 2
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Methacrylate, 2,4-dinitrophenyl
Acryl^'-ethyl-^J-trinitro^-fluorene
Acryloyl-(3-hydroxyethyl3,5 -dinitrobenzoate
Methacryloyl-p-hydroxyethyl3,5-dinitrobenzoate
Acrylate, A^-(2-hydroxyethyl)carbazolyl
Methacryloyl-p-hydroxyethyl3,5-dinitrobenzoate
Acrylate, a-(4-chlorobenzyl)-, ethyl
Styrene
Acrylate, a-(4-cyanobenzyl)-, ethyl
Styrene
Acrylate, a-(4-methoxybenzyl)-, ethyl
Styrene
Acrylate, a-((9-ethyl methylphosphonoxy)- Methacrylate, methyl
methyl
Acrylate, a-(hydroxymethyl)-, methyl
Styrene
Acrylate, a-[2,2-bis(carbomethoxy)ethyl]-, Methacrylate, methyl
methyl
Acrylate, a-[2,2-bis(carbomethoxy)ethyl]-, Styrene
methyl
Acrylate, a-acetoxy-, ethyl
Acrylate, a-chloro-, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Acrylate, a-benzyl-, methyl
Styrene
Acrylate, a-benzyl-, ethyl
Styrene
Methacrylate methyl
Methacrylate methyl
Acrylate, a-bromo-, ethyl
Styrene
Acrylate, a-butyl-, methyl
Styrene
Acrylate, a-chloro-, methyl
Acrylate, a-methoxy-, methyl
Acrylate, a-fluoro-, ethyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile, a-methoxyAcrylate, a-chloro-, ethyl
Methacrylonitrile
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Vinylidene cyanide
Acrylate, a-chloro-, sodium
Acrylate, a-cyano-, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Acrylate, methyl
Methacrylonitrile
Styrene
Acrylate, a-cyclohexyl-, methyl
Styrene
Acrylate, a-ethyl-, methyl
Styrene
Acrylate, a-ethyloxymethyl-, methyl
Styrene
Acrylate, a-fluoro-, ethyl
Acrylate, a-fluoro-, methyl
Styrene
Acrylate, a-hexafluoropropyloxymethyl-,
Styrene
methyl
rx
95%
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.3
0.13
N
Y
1.8
27.03
0.032
N
Y
Y
680
1012
1091
1091
654
194
194
736
1.97
0.292
0.24
0.19
0.7
-0.26
-0.21
0.115
0.35
0.141
0.56
0.44
0.029
0.27
0.644
0.91
0.34
0.24
2.42
46.98
1.207
0.912
0.109
0.62
0.079
0.026
0.044
0.585
0.158
0.361
0.028
0.015
0.016
Y
Y
Y
715
716
702
1.04
0.14
0.08
0.026
702
0.334
0.022
1.364
0.018
719
1.03
0.65
0.71
0.44
0.13
0.09
0.24
0.04
0.06
0.33
0.73
0.09
0.05
0.3
806
806
806
851
0.34
0.04
0.36
3.7
932
1092
0.09
0.58
1092
0.3
0.968
0.608
0.173
5.621
0.175
0.9
0.173
0.09
0.44
0.205
1.13
0.58
1.71
2.9
3.22
0.9
2
0.32
30
1.76
1.92
0.3
0.313
0.27
0.68
0.34
0.03
0.135
0.15
0.61
-0.001
0.197
0.24
0.21
0.16
0.07
0.033
0.02
0.01
0.094
0.053
0.2
0.022
0.01
0.08
0.053
0.19
0.11
0.18
0.08
0.021
0.06
0.09
0.07
0.01
0.016
0.01
0.05
0.034
0.014
0.11
1.71
0.943
1.65
0.557
0.08
0.57
0.14
2.36
3.9
0.02
0.812
0.31
0.11
0.3
0.21
0.09
0.3
0.45
0.08
0.03
0.122
0.11
0.25
0.066
1.44
0.01
0.02
0.21
0.068
0.18
0.05
1.615
0.758
0.37
2.9
0.66
0.23
0.075
0.12
0.031
0.021
0.028
0.17
0.23
0.19
0.04
0.043
0.24
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
0.07
0.081
0.09
Y
N
0.07
0.31
0.02
0.04
0.02
0.014
0.01
0.01
0.048
0.014
Y
Y
N
N
N
Y
N
N
Y
Y
0.17
638
244
244
244
244
49
806
610
610
806
49
6
638
638
638
638
638
638
806
638
6
31
74
82
834
141
141
141
182
143
141
49
49
1047
638
806
1047
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Acrylate, a-hydroxymethyl-, ethyl
Acrylate, a-isobutyl-, methyl
Acrylate, a-isopropyl-, methyl
Acrylate, a-isopropyloxymethyl-, methyl
Acrylate, a-methoxy, methyl
Acrylate, a-p-chlorobenzyl-, methyl
Acrylate, a-/?-methoxybenzyl-, methyl
Acrylate, a-phenoxymethyl-, methyl
Acrylate, a- phenoxymethyl-, methyl
Acrylate, a-phenyl-, methyl
Acrylate, a-phenyl-, butyl
Acrylate, a-phenyl-, chloroethyl
Acrylate, a-phenyl-, propyl
Acrylate, a-propyl-, methyl
Acrylate, a-propyloxymethyl-, methyl
Acrylate, a-seobutyl-, methyl
Acrylate, a-tetrafluoropropyloxymethyl-,
methyl
Acrylate, a-tetrafluoropropyloxymethyl-,
methyl
Acrylate, a-trifluoroethyloxymethyl-,
methyl
Acrylate, a-trifluoromethyl-, methyl
Acrylate, a-trimethylsiloxy-, methyl
Acrylate, benzyl
Acrylate, benzyl
Acrylate, benzyl
Acrylate, benzyl
Acrylate, benzyl
Acrylate, benzyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Monomer 2
rx
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.229
0.17
0.03
0.022
0.052
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
0.078
0.222
0.109
0.038
0.05
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.015
0.022
0.015
0.015
0.029
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.068
1011
1027
982
49
49
1047
638
806
905
905
1048
1048
141
141
141
49
143
141
399
488
49
488
488
488
49
1047
49
1047
0.668
1.34
0.546
0.202
0.036
0.26
0.11
0.513
0.255
0.13
0.755
0.256
1
6.7
0
0
0.25
1
0.4
0.45
1.275
0.107
0.201
0.126
0.208
0.29
0.004
0.61
Styrene
0.17
0.37
1047
Styrene
0.2
0.26
1047
-0.17
0
0.1
0
1.42
0.72
0.63
9.9
0.19
0.2
0.248
0.24
0.638
1.12
0.02
0.8
0.87
0.3
1.08
0.91
0.19
1.06
0.894
0.82
0.9
1.2
10.2
5.83
0.041
0.074
13.94
0.118
0.058
0.034
0.008
0.061
0.102
0.008
0.055
0.09
0.063
0.07
0.024
0.18
0.1
0.1
0.03
0.16
0.2
0.12
0.041
0.01
0.032
0.41
0.06
0.18
0.13
0.15
0.019
0.13
42.2
0.043
0.03
0.38
0.019
0.389
1.26
0.468
0.974
1.872
0.41
0.58
1.131
1.87
1.71
1.13
0.176
0.06
0.08
0.21
0.3
0.19
0.06
0.03
0.06
1.176
0.04
0.025
0.03
0.821
0.47
2.29
1.43
95%
Azlactone, 2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylMethacrylate, methyl

Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene, p-chloroStyrene
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Allyl chloride
Styrene
Styrene
2-Oxazoline, 2-isopropenylAcrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein, methylAcrylamide, N-propylAcrylamide, Af-methylolAcrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid, a-bromoAcrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Allyl acetate
Allyl chloride
Benzofuran, 2-vinylButadiene
Ethylene
Furan, 2-vinyl-5-methyl
0.12
0.062
0.127
0.042
0.034
r2
1.8
3.2
2.3
0.24
0.46
0.28
1.49
0.06
2.23
0.494
0.534
1.4
1.86
2.29
2.5
0.4
0.61
0.9
0.59
1.31
0.09
1.679
0.781
1.08
1
1
0.039
0.1
7.8
1.04
0.01
0.392
0.23
0.5
0.2
0.02
Y
N
N
N
0.19
0.14
0.05
0.028
0.08
0.19
0.58
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
0.23
0.27
0.3
N
N
N
0.058
0.083
0.08
Y
Y
N
0.066
1.36
0.11
0.003
0.051
N
Y
N
Y
681
825
825
825
1101
23
385
438
277
178
277
894
291
292
589
730
441
868
187
252
733
118
162
233
513
513
1053
438
1020
257
42
1105
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
cis-B-cyano-, methyl
c/s-B-cyano-, methyl
cresyl
cyclododecyl
cyclododecyl
cyclododecyl
cyclohexyl
cyclohexyl
cyclohexyl
cyclohexyl
cyclohexyl
cyclohexyl
di-, copper
Acrylate, di-, copper

Monomer 2
Itaconate, bis(tri-w-butyltin)
Itaconate, dimethyl
Maleimide, iV-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)Methacrylate,
2-(Af,AT-dimethylcarbamoyloxy)ethyl
Methacrylate, 2-chloro2,3,3,3-fluoropropyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylic acid
Oxazoline, 2,2-isopropenylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 4-vinylStyrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene, o-chloroStyrene, p-l-(2-hydroxybutyl)Styrene, p-octylamine sulfonate
Succinimide, iV-vinylThiophene, 3-vinyl
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl fluoride
Vinyl fluoride
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl,/?-, benzylethylcarbinol
Vinylanthracene, 9Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
N-Vinylpyrrolidone
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Methacrylate, di-, dicyclopentadienyltitanium
Styrene
Styrene
/*i
95%
0.91
0.4
o.62
0.47
r2
95%
Conv.
0.422
0.94
0.2
1.89
Refs.
940
398
788
600
0.079
0.304
0.221
0.636
927
0.09
0.171
0.24
0.3
0.083
0.13
0.11
0.43
0.31
0.24
0.1
0.11
0.23
0.25
0.34
0.38
-0.106
0.29
0.18
0.19
0.21
0.15
0.164
0.164
0.2
0.17
0.3
1.54
0.386
3.48
4.07
3.7
4.4
19
19
0.8
0.17
3.717
0.873
0.46
0.58
0.11
0.041
0.16
4.75
5.35
3.3
2.2
2.16
0.92
2.86
1.88
1.25
1.4
2.51
2.59
4.3
0.79
0.79
0.75
1.23
0.44
0.84
0.66
0.82
0.8
0.698
0.698
2.25
0.4
2.3
0.15
0.499
0.018
0.18
0.19
0.07
0.01
0.01
1.81
0.4
0.126
0.934
0.84
0.87
4.2
0.32
6.82
Y
Y
Y
0.57
0.2
0.32
0.4
0.31
Y
N
Y
N
N
0.14
0.34
0.08
0.11
0.1
0.21
0.03
0.2
N
N
0.072
0.16
Y
N
0.24
0.054
0.006
Y
Y
358
333
662
187
674
30
639
87
187
862
236
78
78
1032
1032
1032
19
20
38
38
463
549
612
632
558
548
817
789
1000
301
268
268
518
604
606
53
591
123
118
464
464
1034
1034
363
806
806
806
1061
1061
806
806
806
806
876
0.052
0.15
0.018
0.07
0.1
0.01
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.05
0.099
0.05
0.03
3.39
0.44
0.06
0.046
0.022
0.773
0.34
0.31
0.301
1.297
0.272
0.254
0.16
0.17
0.18
1.09
0.067
0.15
0.08
0.072
0.088
0.048
0.141
0.13
0.09
0.07
0.72
0.47
0.54
0.461
0.122
0.913
0.885
0.53
0.7
0.58
0.89
0.15
0.14
0.08
0.07
0.014
0.107
0.102
0.11
0.12
0.1
0.12
0.56
0.08
0.09
5.94
1.74
0.05
0.03
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N
829
829
TABLE 1.
cont'd
Monomer 1
Acrylate, di-, nickel
Acrylate, di-, zinc
Acrylate, di-, zinc
Acrylate, dibutylchlorotin
Acrylate, diethylaluminum
Acrylate, dodecyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ferrocenylmethyl
Monomer 2
Methacrylate, di-, dicyclopentadienyltitanium
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Acrylate, methyl
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
2-Oxazoline, 2-isopropenylAcrolein
Acrolein
Acrylamide, Af-methylolAcrylate, 2-chloroethyl
Acrylate, oc-acetoxy-, ethyl
Acrylate, hydroxyethyl
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Allyl chloride
Benzofuran, 2-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylEthylene, 1,1-diphenylImidazolid-2-one, 1,3-divinylImidazolid-2-one, l-ethyl-3-vinylIsopropenylisocyanate
Maleimide, 2,3-dimethylAf-(2-methacryloyloxy)ethyl
Methacrylate, 2-(sulfonic acid)ethyl
Methacrylate, 2-bromoethyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylic acid
Norbornadiene
Oxazoline, 2-, 2-isopropenylPropanesulfonate, 3-[diethyl2- (2-methacroy loxyethoxy)] ethyl
Pyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 4-vinylPyrimid-2-one, 1,3-divinylhexahydroStyrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene 3-tri-rc-butylstannylTropone, 2-methacryloyloxyVinyl 2-chloroethyl ether
Vinyl 2-chloroethyl ether
Vinyl isobutyl sulfide
Vinylanthracene, 9Vinylidene chloride
Acrylate, methyl
r\
95%
0.95
0.53
0.24
0.9
0.09
0.046
0.88
0.19
0.6
1.09
1.4
0.9
0.5
0.943
0.5
1.02
1.2
0.81
4
0.95
7.73
0.015
1.1
0.8
0.41
0.47
0.79
0.28
0.3
0.37
0.189
0.273
0.207
0.22
0.47
0.28
0.22
r2
95%
Conv.
0.65
0.06
0.07
0.035
0.16
0.02
0.25
0.03
0.075
0.05
0.07
0.27
0.01
0.13
0.06
1.15
0.008
0.054
0.045
0.17
0.05
2.39
0.19
3.97
0.44
0.21
0.21
0.29
0.59
0.139
0.16
0.19
0.2
0.48
0.152
0.152
10.4
0.387
5
4.65
0.36
0.32
3.498
0.72
0.14
0.06
1.03
0.13
0.085
0.027
0.02
0.02
0.041
0.39
876
1.83
0.41
1.1
0.81
-0.002
0.02
0.02
0.016
2.37
1.39
1.2
1.98
1.4
1.03
0.97
0.968
0.88
0.91
0.92
1.16
0.66
0.44
0.08
5.76
0.27
0.5
-0.08
0.01
0.15
1.55
0.07
0.06
Y
Y
N
3.2
2.7
11.21
13.32
9.08
2.43
1.83
2
2.04
Refs.
0.44
0.24
0.033
0.09
N
Y
0.08
0.78
0.334
0.03
0.01
N
N
3.06
0.43
1.05
3.95
0.39
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.28
-0.01
1.39
0.19
0.03
N
N
N
0.02
0.28
2.25
2.58
-0.05
0.699
1.01
0.79
0.8
0.8
0.787
0.787
0.01
3.13
0.15
0
0.05
0.05
0.295
0.58
4.46
0.1
0.03
0.072
N
Y
0.528
0.04
0.05
0.056
0.15
N
N
Y
Y
829
646
829
659
652
652
233
894
291
292
442
726
868
244
890
711
1023
198
389
542
438
1020
757
65
800
800
434
619
564
657
358
333
662
690
30
469
87
1065
267
862
962
250
832
832
800
178
463
530
530
542
673
677
985
1104
439
726
285
336
123
65
293
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
Acrylate,
ferrocenylmethyl
ferrocenylmethyl
ferrocenylmethyl
ferrocenylmethyl
ferrocenylmethyl
ferrocenylmethyl
furfuryl
glycidyl
glycidyl
glycidyl
glycidyl
glycidyl
heptafluorobutyl
heptafluorobutyl
heptafluorobutyl
heptyl
heptyl
hydroxyethyl
hydroxyethyl
hydroxyethyl
isobutyl
isobutyl
isobutyl
isopropyl
m-chlorophenyl
m-nitrophenyl
methyl
methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Monomer 2
Maleic anhydride
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Butadiene
Styrene
Maleimide, AH2,4-dimethylphenyl)Methacrylate, methyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Methacrylate methyl
2-Oxazoline, 2-isopropenyl2-Oxazolinium BF4, 3-methyl2-isopropenyl2-Oxazolinium, 2-isopropenylAcetylene, phenylAcetylene, phenylAcrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrylamide, Af-methylolAcrylamide, Af-propylAcrylate, 2-chloroethyl
Acrylate, ot-phenyl-, methyl
Acrylate, dibutylchlorotin
Acrylate, tributyltin
Acrylic acid, oe-bromoAcrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acryloyl chloride
Allyl acetate
Allyl acrylate
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allylbenzene
Benzophenone, p-vinylBenzophenone,/7-vinylButadiene
Butadiene, 2-chloroCarbamate, WV-diethyl-, vinyl
rx
95%
-0.3
0.024
0.08
-0.016
0.02
0.02
0.88
1.18
1
0.17
0.24
7.6
0.073
0.177
0.049
0.14
0.46
0.88
1
0.94
0.135
0.282
0.29
0.195
0.85
1.04
0.16
0.096
2.96
0.064
0.191
0.622
0.664
7.86
0.83
1.08
1.3
1.2
0.9
0.94
0.09
0.02
0.06
0.81
4.46
1
0.23
0.82
0.24
0.51
0.844
0.85
0.34
5
0.52
0.031
0.062
0.045
3.58
0.12
0.38
0.06
0.19
0.06
0.031
0.013
0.02
0.09
0.1
0.1
0.02
0.026
0.04
0.027
0.036
0.135
0.04
0.057
0.04
0.04
0.1
0.03
0.02
0.037
0.2
r2
0.09
2.8
2.9
1.87
2.3
2.5
1.35
1.12
1.01
0.6
0.73
0.003
0.359
0.084
0.31
0.2
2.51
0.5
1
0.23
4.1
1.24
1.04
0.755
1.3
0.928
1.9
0.251
2.08
0.272
0.093
- 0.07
1.41
2.54
1.9
0.26
1.07
0.9
3.22
0.34
1
0.09
0.14
1
0.94
0.03
0.1
0.56
1.54
1.31
2.3
0
0.33
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.14
0.19
Y
Y
0.17
0.08
0.07
0.34
0.039
Y
Y
Y
325
293
293
293
293
576
1063
126
114
114
126
553
206
206
206
788
980
890
890
890
639
674
30
178
363
1074
894
908
0.01
0.13
0.05
0.1
0.03
0.5
0.12
0.08
0.024
0.073
0.248
0.08
0.483
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.327
0.072
0.01
0.03
0.4
0.93
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
N
0.13
0.07
0.1
0.1
0.03
0.044
0.08
Y
N
Y
8.45
5.45
6.46
9.1
11.35
0.09
1.1
0.07
0.06
4.78
0.66
0.02
0.02
0.87
0.22
0.05
0.07
0.4
-0.02
-0.036
3.6
3.54
1.09
10.4
- 0.027
0.016
1.06
0.077
4.53
0.049
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
908
60
731
207
291
292
441
730
726
868
638
141
141
659
293
890
890
659
733
1024
151
233
508
470
578
204
437
437
437
437
351
866
911
257
61
92
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Monomer 2
rx
Carbazole, JV-vinyl0.53
Carbazole, N-vinyl0.43
Carbazole, N-vinyl0.51
Cinnamate, dibutylchlorotin
1.65
Diallyl phthalate
6.208
Diallyl phthalate
6.18
Diallylcyanamide
6.7
Diallylcyanamide
6.7
Ethylene
Ethylene
19.4
Ethylene 1,1-diphenyl0.09
Ethylene, 1,1-diphenyl0.12
Ethylene tetrachloro830
Ethylene, trichloro33
1.9
Hexatriene, tetrachloro0.262
Hexene-1
-0.13
Imidazole, l-vinyl-2-methyl1.28
Indene
0.63
Indene
0.62
Isoprene
0.12
Isoprene, 3-acetoxy0.27
Isopropenyl, 3-1-cyclohexenyl, acetate
0.37
Isopropenylisocyanate
0.6
0.799
Maleic anhydride
2.788
Maleic anhydride
2.5
Maleimide, A^-(4-bromophenyl)0.429
Maleimide, A^-(4-chlorophenyl)0.684
Maleimide, JV-(4-tolyl)0.64
Maleimide, N-phenyl0.554
Methacrylate, 2,3-epithiopropyl
0.34
Methacrylate, 2-(AyV-dimethyl
0.22
carbamoyloxy)ethyl
Methacrylate, 2-chloroethyl
0.29
- 0.005
0.013
Methacrylate, ferrocenylmethyl
1.4
0.4
Methacrylate, f-butyl dimethylsilyl
0.288
Methacrylic anhydride
0.16
Oxazoline, 2-,2-isopropenyl0.16
4,4-dimethyl
Oxazoline, 2-,4-acryloxy-methyl0.29
2,4-dimethyl
Oxazoline, 2-,4-methacryl-oxy0.4
2,4-dimethyl
Oxazolinium, 2-, tetrafluoro-borate,
0.552
3-methyl
Phthalimide, 7V-(4-vinylphenyl)1.14
Phthalimide, N-(methacryloyloxy)0.193
Propenyl, 2-chloro-, acetate
0.7
Pyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinyl0.18
Pyridine, 2-vinyl-5-ethyl0.18
Pyrrolidone, 1 -benzyl-3-methylene0.125
5-methyl
Styrene
0.24
Styrene
0.8
95%
r2
0.13
0.049
0.11
0.028
-0.2
0.028
0.038
0.05
0.05
0.073
0.069
0.16
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.029
0.045
0.005
0.008
Y
Y
13
551
98
659
297
297
603
604
41
768
334
334
402
470
1038
5
60
465
606
606
424
770
770
434
99
260
470
628
628
644
644
787
600
N
0.01
0.01
0.087
0.6
0.049
0.051
0.099
0.052
0.16
0.048
0.036
0.007
0.35
0.12
0.057
0.032
0.043
0.02
-0.24
0.21
0
0
0.091
3.19
-0.67
0.05
0.1
0.12
0.75
5.71
0.57
0.11
0.079
0.012
0
0.39
0.155
0.14
0.103
2.81
1.32
2.19
8.67
7.335
0.042
2.15
1.07
4.75
1.9
2.07
1.3
1.36
0.03
Y
Y
0.047
0.013
Y
Y
0.17
0.052
0.16
0.052
Y
Y
Y
Y
8.28
0.083
0.085
0.04
0.21
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
0.191
726
358
333
293
324
1069
275
862
877
596
596
0.56
596
0.344
0.025
0.21
0.82
0.192
0.05
0.4
0.03
0.03
0.004
0.03
N
N
0.11
1.56
1.23
0
1
2.13
1.72
2.12
1.32
1.78
2.14
1.58
0.028
0.15
0.05
0.105
877
0.168
0.3
0.54
0.26
0.1
0.03
0.32
N
Y
N
N
N
N
0.24
636
979
445
232
2
231
749
231
231
424
633
0.057
139
14
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, mono-, ethylene glycol
Acrylate, o-chlorophenyl
Acrylate, octadecyl
Acrylate, octadecyl
Acrylate, octadecyl
Acrylate, octadecyl
Acrylate, octadecyl
Acrylate, octadecyl
Acrylate, octadecyl
Acrylate, octadecyl
Acrylate, octadecyl
Acrylate, octyl
Acrylate, octyl
Monomer 2
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, a-methoxyStyrene, m-methylStyrene, p-l-(2-hydroxybutyl)Styrene, /?-Af,N-dimethylaminoStyrene, /?-dimethylaminoStyrene, p-methoxyStyrene, /?-methylSuccinimide, N-vinylVinyl 2-chloroethyl ether
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butylsulfonate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl cymantrene
Vinyl ethyl ether
Vinyl fluoride
Vinyl
fluoride
Vinyl hendecanoate
Vinyl methyl sulfide
Vinyl phenyl sulfide
Vinyl stearate
Vinyl thiolacetate
Vinyl, 2-bromo-, ethyl ether
Vinyl, /?-, benzylethylcarbinol
Vinylanthracene, 9Vinylhydroquinone dibenzoate
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylisocyanate
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinylidene chloride
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
r\
0.168
0.18
0.18
0.14
0.07
0.3
0.16
0.148
0.142
0.288
0.17
0.14
0.18
0.06
0.192
0.07
0.17
0.357
3.27
7.28
6.38
2.58
6.7
6.3
3.65
3.6
4.14
4.4
7.66
5
4
0.46
3.3
43
43
3.615
3.63
0.3
0.29
0.209
0.57
5.8
0.8
16.83
0.18
2.998
0.46
0.95
0.8
1
1.38
1.2
1.171
0.4
1.04
1.35
0.32
0.464
0.37
0.18
0.31
0.18
1
0.84
0.01
95%
0.067
0.026
0.054
0.069
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.063
0.37
0.3
0.07
0.58
0.22
0.5
0.14
0.012
0.04
0.01
0.01
0.034
0.1
2.34
0.067
0.21
0.023
0.38
0.4
0.35
0.07
0.12
0.14
0.74
0.53
r2
0.722
0.75
0.75
0.68
0.9
0.65
0.4
0.871
3.93
4.47
0.003
1.65
0.48
0.38
0.372
2
1.54
0.9
0
0.04
0.03
0.405
0.03
0.03
0.01
0
0
0.093
0.002
0
0.06
0.211
0
0.01
0.01
0.033
0
0.05
0.06
0.084
-0.02
0.03
0.23
-0.79
0.48
0.08
0.75
0.9
0.7
1
0.14
0.8
1.123
1.25
1.91
4.39
1.76
2.477
0.777
0.44
0.79
0.44
0.9
1.98
0.39
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.056
0.022
1.38
0.15
0.01
Y
Y
Y
N
0.16
0.055
Y
Y
0.17
151
393
397
463
495
496
496
865
136
2
142
558
548
866
911
558
558
80
726
1067
158
25
489
568
345
574
185
151
46
470
518
354
470
604
606
145
347
285
336
195
193
537
566
194
591
123
440
107
107
377
435
682
363
621
118
233
290
290
290
290
290
290
118
118
806
0.01
0.043
Y
Y
0.01
0.4
0.002
0.01
Y
Y
Y
0.067
0.008
0.002
0.02
0.02
0.086
0.22
Y
N
N
N
Y
Y
0.32
0.092
0.11
0.037
0.1
0.64
0.2
0.024
0.018
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
0.037
0.3
0.11
Y
Y
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Acrylate, octyl
Acrylate, octyl
Acrylate, p-(cinnamoylamino)phenyl
Acrylate,/7-bromophenyl
Acrylate,/7-bromophenyl
Acrylate,/7-chlorophenyl
Acrylate,/7-chlorophenyl
Acrylate,/?-chlorophenyl
Acrylate, p-methylphenyl
Acrylate, pentabromophenyl
Acrylate, pentachlorophenyl
Acrylate, phenyl
Acrylate, phenyl
Acrylate, phenyl
Acrylate, phenyl
Acrylate, sodium
Acrylate, tert-buty\
Acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl
Acrylate, thio- butyl
Acrylate, thio-, ethyl
Acrylate, thio-, tert-butyl
Acrylate, tributyltin
Acrylate, trifluoro-, methyl
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Monomer 2
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Acrylic acid
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Vinyl acetate
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylate, methyl
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide, A^-dimethylAcrylate, pentachlorophenyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylic acid, 2-benzamidoAcrylic acid, N-acetyl-a-aminoCarbamate, AW-diethyl-, vinyl
Carbamate, //-vinyl-, ethyl
Imidazole, 1-vinylMethacrylate, isopropyl
Methacrylate, butyl
N-Vinylimidazole
Phosphonic acid, oc-phenylvinylPropenyl, 2-chloro-, acetate
Propylene
Pyrrolidone, N-vinylStyrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
rx
4.8
0.679
0.35
1.026
0.191
0.951
0.235
0.3
0.223
0.1
1.12
0.9
0.327
3.4
0.45
0.416
95%
0.057
0.062
0.014
0.063
0.023
0.036
0.045
0.041
0.463
0.489
0.421
0.291
0.368
0.03
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.08
1.15
0.288
1.644
0.341
1.38
3.8
0.29
0.36
0.82
0.59
1.31
0.91
0.48
1.41
5.58
4.69
0.0025
1.03
1.73
0.24
1.932
0.7
1
0.079
0.196
0.17
0.075
0.055
0.88
0.05
0.08
0.25
0.35
0.136
0.15
0.45
0.25
8.66
6.69
0.69
0.28
0.029
0.069
0.012
0.14
0.04
0.27
0.3
0.32
0.096
0.21
0.077
0.13
0.029
6.63
0.88
r2
0.12
0.851
1.08
0.8
0.926
0.32
1.01
1.09
1.45
0.16
0.82
2.11
0.43
0.07
1.56
1.54
2.096
0.475
0.439
0.18
0.157
0.82
1.4
1.4
0.24
0.24
1.5
1.5
2.48
0.5
1.08
0.445
1.346
0.598
0.58
1.06
0.35
1.12
1.08
0.91
1.02
2.08
0.49
-0.097
0.26
0.32
0.68
0.418
3.53
0.187
0.04
0
0.1
0.25
1.1
0.15
0.22
0.253
0.25
0.25
0.15
0.021
0.107
95%
Conv.
0.018
0.13
0.056
0.056
0.132
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.275
0.13
0.14
Y
Y
Y
0.443
0.186
0.14
0.038
0.034
1.24
0.17
0.075
0.044
0.047
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.12
0.18
0.13
N
N
0.068
Y
Y
0.02
0.42
0.025
0.83
N
N
Y
Y
0.21
Y
N
0.069
0.059
0.011
Y
Y
Refs.
518
118
685
363
1074
63
1074
621
1074
643
900
900
363
1038
621
672
37
814
806
806
806
806
659
595
598
595
598
595
598
57
57
221
278
278
37
869
869
205
900
187
252
711
1019
661
92
81
955
847
964
187
879
132
445
183
250
312
312
397
414
47
490
542
561
37
135
References page II-290
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid, 2-benzamidoAcrylic acid, 2-benzamidoAcrylic acid, 2-ethyl
Acrylic acid, 2-ethyl
Acrylic acid, N-acetyl-a-amino
Acrylic acid, N-acetyl-a-aminoAcrylic acid, oc-bromo
Acrylic acid, a-bromo
Acrylic acid, ds-3-bromoAcrylic acid, c/s-3-ethyl
Acrylic acid, trans-3-bxomoAcrylic acid, frarcs-3-ethylAcrylic anhydride
Acrylic anhydride
Acrylic anhydride
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Monomer 2
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinylhydroquinone
Vinylhydroquinone dibenzoate
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene cyanide
Acrylic acid
Styrene
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Styrene
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, methyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Pyrrolidone, Af-vinyl
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Allyl chloride
Methacrylonitrile
Styrene
1,3-pentadiene, cis1,3-pentadiene, cis1,3-pentadiene, trans1,3-pentadiene, trans2-Oxazoline, 2-isopropenylAcenaphthalene
Acetylene, phenylAconitate, trimethyl
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein, methylAcrolein, methylAcrolein, methylAcrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide, Af-methylolAcrylamide, N-methylolAcrylamide, Af-methylolAcrylamide, JV-octadecylAcrylamide, N-tert-butylAcrylate, 2-chloroethyl
Acrylate, p-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl
Acrylate, P-ethoxy-, ethyl
Acrylate, benzyl
Acrylate, benzyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
rx
9.28
7.04
6.8
0.29
0.44
1.246
0.212
2.08
0.78
0.194
0.069
0.23
0.49
0.44
0.11
0.09
0.1
0.13
0.07
-0.2
-0.16
-0.33
-0.21
11.66
1
0.1
0.026
0.06
0.069
0.068
0.13
0.02
0.266
4.24
0.88
0.71
0.48
0.6
11.19
0.15
0.15
0.03
0.863
0.97
1.8
0.88
0.8
0.7
0.98
0.22
1.034
0.2
1.03
0.67
0.25
0.24
2.42
0.122
0.01
0.08
0.28
1.49
1.679
0.781
1.08
95%
0.51
0.33
0.11
0.042
0.016
0.027
0.04
0.11
0.1
0.16
0.11
0.56
0.13
0.004
0.173
0.242
0.104
0.096
0.04
0.044
0.92
0.06
0.03
0.01
0.19
0.033
0.1
0.75
0.02
0.25
0.13
1.8
0.081
0.02
0.19
0.058
0.083
0.08
r2
0.03
0.024
0.11
0.026
0.95
0.437
0.291
0.48
0.13
1.12
2.29
1.14
1.41
0.91
0.37
0.19
0.24
0.85
0.25
7.64
6.32
4.13
8.19
0.02
0.42
0.16
0.017
0.071
0.018
0.064
0.52
2.56
0.325
-0.48
1.16
1.07
1.52
1.28
0.02
1.7
3.8
1.72
0.81
1.08
0.5
1.36
1.3
1.2
2.33
2.56
1.4
1.14
0.87
1.76
0.388
0.7
-0.26
1.76
0.68
6.7
0.72
0.63
1.06
0.894
0.82
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.09
0.069
N
Y
0.092
0.065
0.042
Y
Y
0.132
0.417
Y
Y
Y
1.67
0.68
0.76
1.09
0.02
0.04
0.01
0.012
0.029
0.01
0.02
0.06
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.083
0.11
0.13
0.08
0.07
Y
Y
N
N
N
0.42
0.11
0.51
0.26
Y
Y
Y
N
0.17
0.69
0.074
N
Y
0.56
0.18
0.09
N
Y
N
0.16
0.15
0.019
0.13
Y
Y
N
229
288
379
337
444
288
82
1019
1019
1004
1004
961
661
661
733
733
733
733
694
298
298
298
298
219
219
219
912
912
912
912
894
575
60
147
207
207
208
504
767
455
587
91
228
228
330
421
461
442
577
596
119
709
790
234
680
654
194
6
141
141
23
385
118
162
233
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Monomer 2
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, cis-(3-cyano-, methyl
Acrylate, cresyl
Acrylate, di-, zinc
Acrylate, dodecyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, glycidyl
Acrylate, m-chlorophenyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, mono-, ethylene glycol
Acrylate,
tf-chlorophenyl
Acrylate, octadecyl
Acrylate, octadecyl
Acrylate, octadecyl
Acrylate, octyl
Acrylate, /?-bromophenyl
Acrylate, /7-chlorophenyl
Acrylate, phenyl
Acryloyl chloride
Acryloylpyrrolidone
Allyl acetate
Allyl alcohol
Allyl alcohol
Allyl alcohol
Allyl alcohol
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allylbenzene
Allylbenzene
Allylcyclohexane
Allylstearamide, NBenzothiazole, vinylmercaptoButadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene, 1,4-dicarboxylate, diethyl
Butadiene, l-(diethylamino)Butadiene, l-(diethylamino)Butadiene, 1-acetoxyButadiene, 1-ethoxy
Butadiene, 1-ethoxy
Butadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-fluoroButadiene, 2-trimethylsilyloxyButadiene-1-carboxylate, ethyl
Butadiene-1-carboxylic acid
Butene-1
Butene-1, 4-(/?-chlorophenyl)Butene-1, 4-(p-methoxy-phenyl)Butene-1, 4-cyclohexylButene-1, 4-phenylButene-2, cis
Butene-2, trans
Carbazole, N-vinyl-
rt
95%
1
1
0.72
0.41
2.37
0.92
1.16
0.66
0.44
1.01
1.3
0.56
1.54
1.31
0.8
1.123
1.91
4.39
1.76
1.98
0.8
0.32
0.43
1.2
1.56
6.57
2.6
3.9
1.79
2.145
3.45
3.82
5.35
3.81
3.79
0.191
0.046
0.1
0.05
0.06
0.03
0.29
0.481
0.208
-0.012
0.02
0.01
0.04
0.05
0.056
0.077
0.036
0.3
0.2
0.03
13.46
4.68
2.56
5.03
4.51
22.32
62.99
0.39
r2
95%
Conv.
0.9
1.2
0.15
0.07
0.08
0.78
0.073
0.03
0.044
0.08
0.037
0.1
0.64
0.2
0.3
0.13
0.056
0.13
2.11
1.06
0.11
0.049
0.65
1.7
0.3
11.42
0.28
0.014
0.006
0.059
0.02
0.12
0.049
0.049
0.043
0.008
0.008
0.023
0.021
3.61
0.63
1.11
0.76
0.86
10.67
0.04
0.773
0.24
0.88
1.2
0.81
4
0.95
1
0.85
0.51
0.844
0.85
1.2
1.171
1.04
1.35
0.32
0.84
1.026
0.951
0.327
1
0.43
-0.09
0.05
0.1
0.12
-0.152
0.08
-0.05
-0.026
-0.18
0.03
0.178
0.358
0.452
0.35
0.1
0.2
2.79
0.426
0.425
0.82
0.065
0.065
5.35
4.8
5.38
0.6
0.065
3.2
4
11
0.24
0.066
-0.085
0.014
0.024
0.11
0.84
0.09
0.067
0.16
0.07
0.27
N
Y
N
N
0.036
0.02
0.037
0.2
Y
N
0.023
0.38
0.4
0.35
0.74
0.062
0.063
0.045
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.12
Y
N
0.16
0.37
0.008
0.03
0.15
0.022
1.01
0.27
0.081
0.046
0.023
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.01
0.9
0.208
0.48
0.68
0.009
0.02
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.45
0.18
Y
Y
0.81
0.044
0.088
0.055
0.069
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
0.6
0.04
Refs.
513
513
1034
363
646
233
1023
198
389
542
114
363
1024
151
233
682
363
118
233
290
118
363
363
363
580
666
108
108
108
176
300
108
47
24
351
24
119
763
21
255
418
501
66
327
864
889
91
864
889
402
504
61
174
993
791
791
799
211
24
24
24
24
211
211
269
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Monomer 2
Cinnamate, a-cyano-, ethyl
Cinnamonitrile
Cinnamonitrile, a-cyanoCitraconimide, N-methylCrotonaldehyde
Crotonaldehyde
Crotonate, a-chloro-, ethyl
Crotonate, a-cyano-, ethyl
Crotonate, a-methoxy-, methyl
Crotonate, a-methyl-, methyl
Crotonate, a-acetyl-, methyl
Crotonate, a-carboethoxy-, ethyl
Crotonate, ethyl
Crotonic acid
Cyclopentene, 4-, -1,3-dione
Cyclopropene, 3,3-dimethoxyDiallyl phthalate
Diallyl phthalate
Ethylene
Ethylene, 1,1-diphenylEthylene, tetrachloroEthylene, tetrachloroEthylene, trichloroEthylene, trichloroFumarate, diisopropyl
Fumarate, diethyl
Fumarate, diethyl
Hexatriene, tetrachloroHexene-1
Indene
Indene
Isobutylene
Isobutylene
Isobutylene
Isoprene
Isopropenyl methyl ketone
Itaconic acid
Itaconic anhydride
Maleate, diethyl
Maleate, diethyl
Maleic anhydride
Maleimide, 7V-(2-bromophenyl)Maleimide, A^-(2-chlorophenyl)Maleimide, iV-(4-chlorophenyl)Maleimide, N-2-bromophenylMaleimide, N-2-chlorophenylMaleimide, N-4-chlorophenylMaleimide, N-octadecylMaleimide, N-octadecylMethacrylamide, N-(/?-chlorophenyl)Methacrylamide, iV-(/?-methoxyphenyl)Methacrylamide, A^-methylphenyl)Methacrylamide, Af-(p-nitrophenyl)Methacrylamide, N-phenylMethacrylate, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl4-piperidinyl
Methacrylate,
2-(AUV-dimethylcarbamoyloxy)ethyl
Methacrylate, 2-naphthyl
r\
12.6
8.46
0.53
8
25
9.53
11.4
1
2.97
8.68
18.7
25.2
21
3.02
1.424
4.23
2.78
7
0.05
456
470
67
62.1
16
8
10
0.234
2.07
0.281
0.29
1.295
0.98
1.02
0.03
0.3
0.36
0.24
0.59
0.034
12
20
6
2.029
0.956
0.972
2.02
0.955
0.972
2.482
2.46
0.399
0.337
0.336
0.37
0.381
0.02
95%
2.3
0.37
0.71
0.038
0.15
0.52
0.01
0.05
0.05
0.12
0.008
0.25
0.34
0.014
0.214
0.095
0.112
0.205
0.095
0.112
0.119
0.115
0.019
0.019
0.026
0.14
0.085
r2
-0.18
0.36
0.6
0
0.01
0
0.06
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.04
0.245
0.04
0.037
0
-0.02
0
0
0
0
0.2
0
0.1
4.01
-1.08
0.09
0.07
0
0.02
0
0.45
1.2
0.7
0.1
0.86
4.83
0
0
0
0.338
1.078
0.743
0.348
1.08
0.743
0.389
0.39
0.627
0.559
0.549
2.34
0.71
14
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.15
0.1
Y
Y
Y
0.058
0.037
0.012
0.031
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.01
1.25
0.25
0.24
0.002
0.38
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.74
0.33
Y
Y
0.045
0.048
0.048
0.044
0.048
0.048
0.023
0.023
0.051
0.048
0.06
1.07
0.19
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
310
310
310
460
429
504
785
785
785
785
785
785
785
402
95
838
153
153
415
143
571
59
470
572
1038
470
640
4
60
360
360
21
211
484
417
490
542
434
164
365
470
640
470
863
863
863
915
915
915
863
915
352
352
352
352
352
664
0.38
1.89
600
0.31
0.14
0.2
0.15
0.094
2.38
1.3
1
1.17
1.02
657
382
689
611
611
0.2
0.099
0.2
0.19
Y
Y
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Monomer 2
rx
0.06
-0.01
Methacrylate, 3,5-dimethyladamantyl
0.19
Methacrylate, benzyl
0.2
Methacrylate, butyl
0.291
0.15
0.95
0.14
0.217
0.138
-0.016
Methacrylate, mono-, ethylene glycol
0.19
Methacrylate, phenyl
0.36
Methacrylate, potassium
0.226
Methacrylate, potassium 18-crown0.07
6-ether
Methacrylic acid
0.04
Methacrylic acid
0.092
Methacrylonitrile
0.43
Methacryloyl chloride
0.35
Methacryloyl acetone
0.01
0.09
WV-Divinylaniline
0.246
AA-Vinylimidazole
3.393
Naphthalene, 1-vinyl0.107
Norbornadiene
0.48
Norbornadiene
0.66
Oct-1-ene, 6,6-dimethyl-4,8-dioxaspiro
0.985
Oxazoline, 2-,2-isopropenyl-,
0.24
4-dimethyl
Oxazoline, 2-,4-methacryloxy0.11
2,4-dimethyl
Pentadiene, trans-1,30.06
Pentadiene, as-1,30.026
Pentadiene, cis-1,30.056
Pentadienoate, trans-4-ethoxy-2,4-, ethyl 0.01
Pentene-1, 5-cyclohexyl4.22
Pentene-1, 5-phenyl3.84
Phosphate, diethyl isopropenyl
15.2
Phosphine oxide, diphenylvinyl3.8
Phosphonic acid, a-phenylvinyl0.34
Phthalide, 3-(4-vinylphenoxy)0.084
Phthalimide, N-vinyl0.43
Phthalimide, AHmethacryloyloxy)0.204
Pinene
0.07
Propene, 2-chloro1.164
Propene, 3,3,3-trichloro12.2
Propene, 1-chloro-, cis23.37
Propene, 1-chloro-, trans19.61
Pyridazinone, 3-(2-vinyl)-6-methyl0.32
Pyridazinone, 3-(2-vinyl)-6-methyl-4,50.74
95%
0.1
0.16
0.01
0.1
0.039
0.04
0.06
0.037
0.037
0.048
0.04
0.006
0.13
0.06
0.04
0.004
0.014
0.008
0.028
0.27
0.01
0.675
r2
95%
Conv.
0.76
0.64
1.3
0.96
0.98
0.82
0.85
1.32
1.05
1.322
1.11
1.5
0.46
0.203
0.175
0.18
0.24
0.23
0.1
0.2
0.42
0.05
Y
N
N
N
Y
Y
N
0.22
0.05
0.12
Y
Y
Y
0.086
0.018
Y
Y
0.2
2.38
1.67
2.8
3.74
1.1
-0.006
0.832
0.451
0.05
0.44
1.484
0.52
1.83
0.26
0.29
0.12
Y
Y
N
0.22
0.07
0.044
0.088
0.23
0.05
1.078
Y
Y
N
N
Y
0.89
0.064
0.018
0.017
0.017
0.018
0.071
0.45
0.48
0.12
0.053
0.01
0.016
0.01
0.053
2.99
1.72
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.03
0.07
0.04
0.095
0.172
0.198
0.188
0.104
0.132
0.114
0.241
5.4
-0.043
-0.026
0.03
0.16
-0.45
0
0.43
0.24
1.45
13.5
-0.023
0.1
-0.12
0.01
0.19
0.02
0.31
21.9
0.44
0.43
0.43
0.41
0.34
Refs.
611
611
335
23
165
325
114
433
165
216
681
682
363
808
808
16
216
198
580
339
745
45
879
967
267
69
838
862
596
596
0.021
0.012
Y
Y
0.011
0.01
N
Y
0.009
0.029
N
Y
0.044
0.046
N
Y
0.41
0.19
0.02
0.072
0.1
0.062
Y
Y
0.19
0.17
0.04
0.02
0.02
Y
Y
N
N
N
0.08
0.18
0.13
867
867
952
997
867
952
997
867
723
24
24
650
843
132
590
721
1046
979
936
181
402
181
181
340
340
232
456
50
115
50
115
50
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Monomer 2
r\
Pyrrolidone, N-vinylSilane, y-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxy- 0.094

Styrene
0
Styrene
0.02
Styrene
0.05
Styrene
0.03
Styrene
0.06
Styrene
0.05
Styrene
0.07
Styrene
0.04
Styrene
0.17
Styrene
0.17
Styrene
0.15
Styrene
0.17
Styrene
0.07
Styrene
0.06
Styrene
0.03
Styrene
0.06
Styrene
0.01
Styrene, 2,4,6-trimethyl0.874
Styrene, 2,5-dichloro0.22
Styrene, 3-tri-rc-butylstannyl4.88
Styrene, 4-methyl0.079
Styrene, a-(trimethylsilyloxy)0.05
Styrene, a-methoxy0.06
Styrene, a-methyl0.07
Styrene, a-methyl- 0.02
Styrene, m-methyl0.07
Styrene, /?-l-(2-hydroxy-butyl)0.04
Styrene, /?-l-(2-hydroxy-propyl)0.1
Styrene, /?-2-(2-hydroxy-propyl)0.05
Styrene, p-acetoxy0.07
Styrene, /?-chloro-0.09
Styrene, p-chloromethyl0.067
Styrene/7-methyl0.05
Tetrazole, 2-methyl-5-(4/-vinyl)phenyl0.42
Tetrazole, 5-phenyl-2-(4/-vinyl)phenyl0.32
Tetrazole, 1-vinyl0.54
Toluenesulfonamide, A^V-methyl-vinyl- 0.42
Triallyl citrate
1.76
Tricyclo[4.2.2.0{2,5}]dec-7-ene2.75
3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid
Vinyl 12-ketostearate
3.3
1.09
Vinyl 2-ethylhexanoate
9.24
Vinyl 3,3-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)propyl
1.02
ether
Vinyl acetate
4.05
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
5.51
Vinyl acetate
5.29
Vinyl acetate
9.2
Vinyl benzoate
5.03
Vinyl bromide
2.79
Vinyl bromide
2.25
Vinyl butyl ether
95%
0.034
0.06
0.051
0.01
0.005
0.01
0.04
0.005
0.041
0.15
0.27
0.01
0.06
0.024
0.032
0.12
0.082
0.5
1.96
r2
3.79
0.33
0.29
0.4
0.36
0.39
0.37
0.37
0.4
0.3
0.33
0.33
0.36
0.46
0.41
0.43
0.55
0.35
0.065
0.08
0.07
0.09
0.001
0.227
0
- 0.002
0.08
0.17
0.24
0.14
0.09
0.103
0.14
0.08
0.43
0.31
0.53
0.41
0.4
0.92
0.56
0.33
0.516
1.1
1.4
0.314
0.04
-0.08
0.25
-0.18
0
-0.047
0.06
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.594
Y
Y
0.04
0.048
0.03
Y
N
0.021
0.01
0.03
N
N
0.03
0.024
0.036
N
Y
Y
0.07
0.03
0.06
N
N
213
977
140
198
269
396
403
417
543
60
727
727
727
727
727
727
727
727
812
58
84
84
84
985
929
970
142
171
265
265
65
75
75
835
94
378
548
380
547
47
825
1035
378
80
583
583
925
80
367
963
0.081
0.066
1.04
0.1
Y
Y
Y
0.36
0.05
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
0.82
0.04
0.067
0.91
1.13
6.39
1.08
0.2
0.06
-0.06
- 0.03
0.019
0.06
0.06
0.22
0.08
0.09
0.051
0.04
146
597
47
1015
158
235
6
75
75
47
268
268
345
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Monomer 2
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butyl sulfide
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloroacetate
Vinyl chloroacetate
Vinyl chloroethyl ether
Vinyl chloromethyl ketone
Vinyl cymantrene
Vinyl dichloroacetate
Vinyl dodecyl ether
Vinyl ether
Vinyl ethyl ether
Vinyl ethyl oxalate
Vinyl ethyl sulfide
Vinyl ethyl sulfide
Vinyl ethyl sulfoxide
Vinyl
fluoride
Vinyl
fluoride
Vinyl formate
Vinyl hendecanoate
Vinyl isothiocyanate
Vinyl laurate
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl octadecyl ether
Vinyl octyl ether
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinyl stearate
Vinyl terf-butyl sulfide
Vinyl trichloroacetate
Vinyl, a-chloro-, triethoxysilane
Vinyl,/?-, benzylethylcarbinol
Vinyl, /?-, benzylmethylcarbinol
Vinyl-tris(trimethoxysiloxy)-silane
Vinyl-tris(trimethoxysiloxy)-silane
Vinylbenzoate, p-, sodium
Vinylbenzoic acid, pVinylene carbonate
Vinylethynyl-4-piperidinol,
1,2,5-trimethyl
Vinylferrocene
Vinylferrocene
Vinylhydroquinone
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
r\
0.98
0.086
3.26
2.55
2.62
3.62
3.65
4
4.18
0.34
1.04
0.064
0.446
7.45
0.25
0.82
0.94
0.69
1.34
0.09
0.06
1.63
44
24
2.54
1.88
- 0.24
- 0.05
0.98
1.26
0.08
0.062
0.08
0.36
4
0.59
0.63
0.85
0.81
2.5
0.11
0.11
4.639
0.09
7.34
0.04
0.11
3.9
3.85
0.174
0.06
14.9
0.08
0.186
0.16
0.56
0.92
1.04
0.44
0.58
0.65
0.57
0.5
95%
0.13
0.01
0.34
0.12
0.25
0.21
0.22
0.33
0.05
0.019
0.048
0.32
0.12
0.45
0.01
0.01
0.16
1.79
0.44
0.26
0.07
0.15
0.19
0.005
0.004
0.004
0.13
0.01
0.01
0.015
0.024
0.9
0.17
0.04
0.009
0.025
0.36
0.11
0.2
r2
-0.03
0.041
-0.01
0.07
0.02
0.044
0.052
0.04
-0.007
0.09
-0.02
0.88
- 0.065
0.044
0.18
0
0.02
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.05
-0.08
0.005
1
-0.004
0.09
0.7
0.99
-0.04
-0.04
0.03
0.022
0.03
1.4
0.04
1.75
1.39
0
0
0.23
0.03
0.03
0.078
0
0.047
0.31
0.54
0.07
0.08
0.23
1.63
0.08
0.38
0.165
0.15
0.04
0.32
0.28
0.4
0.42
0.49
0.69
0.76
95%
Conv.
0.01
0.028
0.037
0.03
0.08
0.002
0.01
N
Y
Y
N
N
Y
Y
0.016
0.02
0.12
0.093
0.015
N
Y
Y
N
0.12
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.14
N
N
N
N
Y
0.12
0.91
0.09
0.06
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.038
0.01
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
0.11
0.02
0.01
0.007
0.013
0.039
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.2
0.34
0.42
Y
Y
0.092
0.03
0.14
0.034
N
Y
Y
Refs.
347
303
140
202
22
238
46
529
362
542
116
356
354
362
542
373
386
194
285
285
336
286
528
590
47
145
322
322
347
347
285
303
336
542
381
140
504
373
373
556
285
336
145
303
362
591
48
209
573
175
175
579
783
294
294
338
138
238
404
404
404
404
404
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile, 2-chloroAcrylonitrile, 2-fluoroAcrylonitrile, oc-chloroAcrylonitrile, oc-fluoroAcrylonitrile, a-hydroxymethylAcrylonitrile, a-methoxy
Acrylonitrile, a-methoxy
Acrylonitrile, a-perfluoropropylAcryloxymethylpentamethyldisiloxane
Acryloyl chloride
Acryloyl chloride
Acryloyl chloride
Acryloyl chloride
Acryloyl chloride
Acryloyl chloride
Acryloyl chloride
Acryloyl chloride
Acryloyl chloride
Acryloyl-P-hydroxyethyl-3,5dinitrobenzoate
Acryloyl-P-hydroxyethyl-3,5dinitrobenzoate
Acryloyloxy, 2-, benzoic acid
Acryloylpyrrolidone
Adipate, divinyl
Allyl acetate
Allyl acetate
Allyl acetate
Allyl acetate
Allyl acetate
Allyl acetate
Allyl acetate
Allyl acetate
Allyl acetate
Allyl acetate
Allyl acetate
Allyl acetate
Allyl acetate
Allyl acetate
Allyl acetate
Allyl acetate
Allyl acrylate
Allyl acrylate
Allyl acrylate
Allyl alcohol
Allyl alcohol
Allyl alcohol
Allyl alcohol
Monomer 2
ri
Vinylidene chloride
0.48
Vinylidene chloride
0.65
Vinylidene chloride
0.65
Vinylidene chloride
0.66
Vinylidene chloride
0.63
Vinylidene chloride
0.63
Vinylidene chloride
0.58
Vinylisocyanate
0.19
Vinylmethyldiacetoxysilane
2.246
2.2
tetrafluoroborate
Vinyltriethoxysilane
6.59
26.83
Vinyltrimethoxysilane
9.09
Vinyltrimethylsilane
4.08
Styrene
0.087
Styrene
Styrene
0.03
Styrene
0.03
Styrene
0.528
0.3
Styrene
0.312
0
0.52
Acrylate, methyl
2.3
Acrylonitrile
1
0.29
1.51
0.05
Pyrrolidone, N-vinyl
0.15
Styrene
0.02
Vinyl chloride
3.03
Vinylidene chloride
1.12
Acrylate, A^-(2-hydroxyethyl)-carbazolyl 0.361
Methacrylate, N-ethyl3-hydroxymethylcarbazolyl
Methacrylate, N-methyl-N-phenyl2-amino
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Isobutylene, 3-chloroMaleic anhydride
Methacrylate, ethyl
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Acrylate, methyl
Allyl chloride
Vinyl acetate
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
95%
0.054
0.6
29.59
0.76
0.04
0.02
r2
0.95
0.95
1.3
1.74
1.43
1.8
0.39
0.16
-0.11
0.1
0.41
2.69
0.45
0.1
0.014
95%
Conv.
0.23
0.38
2.5
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Refs.
404
404
404
404
404
404
468
435
754
793
0.05
0.029
N
Y
0.044
209
237
237
209
884
884
806
850
981
638
806
926
822
508
580
649
508
776
599
220
288
288
702
0.27
0.004
0.016
0.13
0.44
0.205
0.9
0.534
1.9
0.86
0.34
1.2
1.79
0.48
0.42
0.04
0.1
0.02
0.5
0.62
0.103
0.015
1.425
0.09
701
1.82
0.2
0.22
0.03
651
0.64
0.43
0.011
0.039
0
-0.09
0.15
-0.001
-0.57
-2.42
0
0.01
0
0.45
0.7
0.7
1.2
0
0
0.33
10.4
17.35
0.02
0.06
1.56
20.36
10.2
5
6.57
4.5
0.028
81.27
99.24
23
62.8
90
0.6
1
1
0.02
0.26
42.2
Y
N
2.11
0.019
1.93
24.6
Y
N
N
82.7
651
666
815
1053
470
108
412
27
210
210
470
1053
470
140
502
998
470
475
470
578
578
578
108
108
176
300
0.086
0.054
0.05
0.02
0.22
0.011
0.066
0.12
0.007
0.82
37.66
0.05
0.04
0.029
0.069
0.3
1.16
6.6
0.52
0.08
0.11
N
0.05
0.1
0.12
0.16
0.37
2.6
3.9
1.79
1.06
0.11
N
Y
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Allyl alcohol
AUyI alcohol
Allyl butyrate
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloroacetate
Allyl chloroacetate
Allyl glycidyl hexahydrophthalate
Allyl glycidyl phthalate
Allyl isobutyrate
Allyl propionate
Allyl trichloroacetate
Allyl trimethylacetate
Allyl valerate
Allylbenzene
Allylbenzene
Allylbenzene
Allylbenzene
Allylbenzene
Allylbenzene
Allylcyclohexane
Allylstearamide, NAllylstearamide, NAllylstearamide,//Allyltriethoxysilane
Allylurea
Azlactone, 2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylAzlactone, 2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylAzobenzene, 4-(acrylamidomethylamino)Azobenzene, 4-(acrylamidomethylamino)Benzenesulfamide,/?-methacrylamideBenzimidazole, vinylmercaptoBenzoate, p-(acryloylethoxy)-,
/?-butoxy phenyl
Benzoate, /?-(acryloylethoxy)-, phenyl
Benzoate, /?-(acryloyloxy)-,
p-butoxy phenyl
p-butoxy phenyl
p-methoxy phenyl
Monomer 2
Methacrylate, ethyl
Vinyl acetate
Acrylate, benzyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylic anhydride
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Allyl acrylate
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl butyrate
Vinyl formate
Vinyl propionate
Vinylidene chloride
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Maleic anhydride
Methacrylonitrile
Triallyl citrate
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Vinyl acetate
Vinylidene chloride
Vinyl chloride
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl butyl ether
Styrene
p-butoxy phenyl
Benzoate, p-(acryloyloxy)-,
p-butoxy phenyl
Benzoate, /?-(acryloyloxy)-, p-butoxy
phenyl
Benzoate, /?-(acryloyloxy)-, phenyl
Benzoate, p-(acryloyloxy)-, phenyl
p-butoxyphenyl
ri
95%
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
-0.02
-1.62
0.64
0.06
0.1
0.08
1.92
2.9
107.4
78.79
0.97
9.9
5.83
7.73
5.3
6.5
N
N
210
210
998
438
438
438
204
437
437
437
437
219
108
47
578
438
204
10
204
438
204
3
438
438
438
438
438
3
106
782
782
782
998
998
913
998
998
351
24
351
351
351
367
24
119
119
119
237
106
1011
1011
880
880
1005
764
881
Y
0.05
0.07
0.4
-0.02
0.02
-0.152
0.08
0.08
0.02
0.05
0.03
-2.4
0.61
0.75
0.88
1.15
0.78
0.68
0.24
-0.01
0.06
0.06
0.14
0.51
0.42
0.81
0.34
0.58
-0.036
-0.05
-0.026
-0.061
0.339
-0.18
0.03
0.68
-0.24
-0.94
-0.06
0.389
0.237
8.5
12.98
3.4
0.56
0.36
0.02
0.008
0.03
0.16
3.21
0.15
0.24
0.13
0.02
0.016
0.15
0.022
0.03
0.039
1.01
0.27
0.26
0.19
0.48
0.17
0.229
0.129
0.1
0.41
8.45
5.45
6.46
9.1
11.66
2.145
3.45
10.4
58.7
35.55
36.8
1.355
0.66
0.34
0.46
0.31
0.57
0.62
3.49
29.76
34.3
34.3
34.8
1.04
1.29
2.32
1.15
1.07
11.35
3.82
5.35
16.24
2.01
3.81
3.79
0.923
5.22
1.68
29.01
0.668
0.175
0.083
0.126
0
6.51
0.91
0.56
0.049
0.65
15.82
0.089
0.15
1.4
13
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.15
0.66
1.7
0.3
1.36
0.5
11.42
0.28
0.092
0.15
0.38
18.48
0.12
0.054
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.51
0.61
0.32
881
0.91
0.36
881
0.32
0.61
881
0.49
1.5
881
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
p-butoxy phenyl
p-butoxy phenyl
/7-butoxy phenyl
p-butoxy phenyl
Benzoate, p-(acryloyloxy-ethoxy)-,
p-butoxy phenyl
p-methoxy phenyl
Benzoate, p-(acryloyloxy-ethoxy)-,phenyl
Benzoate, p-(methacryloyloxy)-,
p-octyloxy phenyl
Benzoate, p-(methacryloyloxyethoxy)-,
p-octyloxy phenyl
Benzocyclobutane, a-methyleneBenzocyclobutane, a-methyleneBenzocyclobutene, 4-vinylBenzofuran, 2-vinylBenzofuran, 2-vinylBenzofuran, 2-vinylBenzophenone, 2-hydroxy4-(methacryloxy)Benzophenone, p-vinylBenzophenone, p-vinylBenzophenone, p-vinylBenzophenone, p-vinylBenzophenone, p-vinylBenzophenone, p-vinylBenzothiazole, vinylmercaptoBenzothiazole, vinylmercaptoBenzothiazole, vinylmercaptoBenzothiazole, vinylmercaptoBenzothiazole, vinylmercaptoBenzothiazole, vinylmercaptoBenzothiazole, vinylmercaptoBenzothiazole, vinylmercaptoBenzothiazolone, Aq(methacroyloxy)methyl]
Benzoxazole, vinylmercaptoBicyclo[2,2,l]hept-2-ene-5,6-dicarboximide,
Af-benzyl
Bicyclo[2,2,l]hept-2-ene-5,6-dicarboximide,
N-benzyl
N-benzyl
Af-benzyl
Af-benzyl
TV-benzyl
Af-benzyl
Borazine, p-vinyl
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Monomer 2
Benzoate,/?-(acryloyloxy)-,
/7-methoxyphenyl
Benzoate,/?-(methacryloyloxy)-,
(p-octyloxy)phenyl
Benzoate, /?-(acryloyloxy-ethoxy)-,
/?-butoxy phenyl
phenyl
Benzoate, /?-(acryloyloxy-ethoxy)-,
p-methoxy phenyl
Benzoate, p-(methacryloyloxyethoxy)-, p-methoxy phenyl
p-butoxy phenyl
T1
95%
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
1.5
0.49
881
0.23
1.26
881
0.91
0.36
856
0.32
0.61
856
1.5
0.49
856
0.23
1.26
856
0.36
0.91
856
0.49
1.5
856
p-butoxy phenyl
butoxy phenyl
0.61
0.32
856
1.26
0.23
881
1.26
0.23
856
Maleic anhydride
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, ethyl
0.002
0.46
1.47
7.8
5.76
3.89
1.65
1.36
0.334
0.617
0.114
0.025
0.32
0.6
0.041
0.015
0.006
0.315
0.043
0.01
0.02
0.036
N
N
N
Y
1083
1083
1085
1020
1020
1020
934
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Styrene, /?-AÂîmethyl-aminomethylStyrene, p-WV-dimethylaminoStyrene, p-dimethylaminoStyrene, p-dimethylaminomethylAcrylonitrile
Fumaronitrile
Maleic anhydride
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl phenyl sulflde
Styrene
3.6
3.54
2.54
0.84
0.842
2.54
0.178
1.06
0.077
0.136
0.18
0.072
0.259
0.081
0.09
1.1
0.26
0.07
0.176
0.135
0.191
0.02
0.02
0.017
0.05
0.046
0.017
0.014
0.43
0.349
0.5
2.53
0.95
3.1
0.14
0.087
0.095
0.47
0.61
0.01
1.25
2.171
3.02
0.013
0.24
0.35
0.083
0.07
0.14
0.037
0.12
0.02
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
866
911
86
866
911
911
763
763
763
763
764
764
763
763
960
Styrene
0.24
0
0.12
764
994
Styrene
18.2
994
Styrene
89.2
994
Vinyl acetate
0.35
1.26
994
Vinyl acetate
0.15
1.46
994
Vinyl acetate
0.014
1.99
994
Styrene
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, heptafluorobutyl
0.001
0.4
1.04
0.359
2.87
30.5
0.19
108
0.016
0.4
0.11
0.039
4.53
0
0.074
0.073
994
0.62
0.22
0.03
0.031
Y
Y
Y
1018
147
257
206
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene monoxide
Butadiene, 1,4-dicarboxy late-,diethyl
Butadiene, 1,4-dicarboxy late-, diethyl
Butadiene, l,4-dicarboxylate-,diethyl
Butadiene, l-(2-hydroxyethylthio)Butadiene, l-(diethylamino)Butadiene, l-(diethylamino)Butadiene, 1-acetoxy-
Monomer 2
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Butadiene, 2,3-dimethylButadiene, 2,3-dimethylButadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-phthalidomethyl
Cyclobutane, 1,2-dimethyleneCyclobutane, 1,2-dimethyleneEthylene, trichloroFerrocene, ethyl-oc-cylopentadienylide
Fumarate, diethyl
Isoprene
Isoprene
Maleamic acid, N-3-dimethylamino6-methyl phenyl
Maleate, diethyl
Methacrylate, 2-(AW-dimethylcarbamoyloxy)ethyl
Methacrylonitrile
Methyleneglutaronitrile, 2Pentadiene, cis-1,3Pentadiene, trans-1,3Pyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylStyrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, p-chloromethyl
Styrene, ot-methylStyrene, /7-chloroVinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinylhendecanoate
Vinyl pelargonate
Vinyl stearate
Vinylferrocene
Vinylidene chloride
Maleic anhydride
Acrylonitrile
Styrene, /?-chloroAcrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
rx
1.09
0.358
0.452
0.35
0.1
0.2
1.26
0.3
0.06
1.014
0.1
0.1
9.64
0.02
2.13
0.94
0.14
0.37
95%
4.53
0.046
0.23
0.01
0.92
0.049
0.05
0.21
0.37
0.04
8.08
1.06
0.75
0.504
0.7
0.39
0.63
1.22
0.61
1.32
1.29
1.44
1.55
1.37
r2
0.07
0.046
0.1
0.05
0.06
0.03
0.78
0.86
3.41
1.35
5.76
5.76
-0.03
1.51
0.25
1.06
0.608
- 0.08
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.87
0.006
0.059
Y
Y
Y
0.02
0.24
0.45
0.36
0.07
0.062
0.03
Y
N
257
21
255
418
501
66
173
83
418
735
854
885
89
699
466
173
83
679
0.11
0.35
0.024
0.15
0.02
0.56
0.14
0.25
0.027
0.32
0.053
0.26
0.09
0.47
0.72
0.41
0.84
0.37
0.38
466
600
0.004
0.016
Y
N
0.02
0.4
0.25
N
Y
N
Y
1.35
1.59
1.8
1.4
1.4
0.5
1.38
1.83
1.38
0.449
0.662
0.87
1.5
1.22
8.8
5.27
22.56
26.3
42.5
4.34
1.97
0.05
2.79
0.69
0.55
3.27
0.426
0.425
0.82
0.11
0.41
0.043
0.017
0.13
2.16
3.35
24.54
4.73
0.18
0.25
0.18
0.9
0.23
0.1
0.208
0.48
0.68
0.58
0.44
0.6
0.44
0.38
0.68
0.82
0.83
0.64
0.45
0.187
0.42
0.139
1.6
0.04
-0.11
-0.22
0.02
0.02
0.16
-0.044
0.64
0.29
0.41
0.09
0.24
0.481
0.208
-0.012
0.13
0.21
N
Y
0.17
0.049
Y
Y
0.087
5.7
Y
Y
0.31
1.26
Y
Y
0.27
0.15
0.038
0.06
0.12
0.07
0.014
Y
Y
Y
N
N
Y
0.049
0.049
0.043
Y
Y
Y
140
257
467
257
196
743
743
462
520
56
140
159
173
21
418
428
473
486
486
491
56
83
83
255
8
1075
70
255
517
717
145
145
145
802
257
1064
327
327
327
810
864
889
91
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Butadiene, 1-chloroButadiene, 1-ethoxyButadiene, 1-ethoxyButadiene, 1-phthalimidoButadiene, 1-succinimidoButadiene, 2,3-bis(diethylphosphono)Butadiene, 2,3-bis(diethylphosphono)Butadiene, 2,3-bis(diethylphosphono)Butadiene, 2,3-bis(diethylphosphono)Butadiene, 2,3-bis(diethylphosphono)Butadiene, 2,3-bis(diethylphosphono)Butadiene, 2,3-dichloroButadiene, 2,3-dichloroButadiene, 2,3-dichloroButadiene, 2,3-dichloroButadiene, 2,3-dichloroButadiene, 2,3-dichloroButadiene, 2,3-dichloroButadiene, 2,3-dimethylButadiene, 2,3-dimethylButadiene, 2,3-dimethylButadiene, 2,3-dimethylButadiene, 2,3-chloroButadiene, 2,3-chloroButadiene, 2,3-chloroButadiene, 2,3-chloroButadiene, 2,3-chloroButadiene, 2,3-chloroButadiene, 2,3-chloroButadiene, 2,3-chloroButadiene, 2,3-chloroButadiene, 2,3-chloroButadiene, 2,3-chloroButadiene, 2,3-chloroButadiene, 2,3-chloroButadiene, 2,3-chloroButadiene, 2,3-chloroButadiene, 2,3-chloroButadiene, 2,3-dichloroButadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-fluoroButadiene, 2-fluoroButadiene, 2-fluoroButadiene, 2-fluoroButadiene, 2-fluoroButadiene, 2-fluoroButadiene, 2-fluoroButadiene, 2-fluoroButadiene, 2-phthalidomethylButadiene, 2-trimethylsilyloxyButadiene, 2-trimethylsilyloxy-
Monomer 2
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Maleimide
Maleimide, Af-(2-hydroxyethyl)Maleimide, iV-(4-chlorophenyl)Maleimide, N-(4-methoxy-phenyl)Maleimide, N-chloromethylMaleimide, N-phenylButadiene, 2-chloroEthylene, 1,1-diphenylMethacrylate, methyl
Phosphonic acid, a-phenylvinylPhosphonic acid, a-phenylvinylStyrene
Styrene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Isoprene
Styrene
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Butadiene
Butadiene, l-(2-hydroxyethyl-thio)Butadiene, 2,3-dichloroButadiene, 2-fluoroButadiene, hexafluoroButadiene, hexafluoroEthylene, 1,1-diphenylFumarate, diethyl
Hexatriene, tetrachloroIsoprene
Maleic anhydride
Methacrylic acid
Phosphonate, vinyl-,dimethyl
Phosphonic acid, a-phenylvinylPhosphonic acid, a-phenylvinylQuinoline, 2-vinylStyrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl butyrate
Vinyl formate
Vinyl formate
Vinyl propionate
Vinylidene cyanide
Acrylonitrile
Butadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, hexafluoroIsoprene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene, a-methylButadiene
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
T1
1.44
0.065
0.065
1.56
1.68
0.14
0.12
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.05
1.98
3.58
11.04
7.75
7.75
8.65
10.6
0.78
0.86
0.84
1.048
5.19
10.4
5.35
4.8
5.38
3.41
1
0.31
3.7
5.47
5.52
3.4
6.51
3.6
2.82
4.035
11.04
0.026
1.8
6.33
2.52
7.5
7.5
7.5
2.1
7.84
5.98
33.52
15
11.91
0.6
0.22
2.93
2.63
1.23
2.1
1.24
2.22
1.35
0.065
1.2
95%
3.1
0.009
0.02
0.63
0.16
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
695
864
889
163
163
759
759
759
759
759
759
122
61
61
588
597
587
61
173
83
173
173
457
61
402
504
61
418
810
122
493
127
453
61
61
459
418
259
61
1068
1057
61
259
594
546
597
456
61
8
247
247
127
247
247
82
174
493
453
174
174
174
174
174
735
993
993
0.27
0.02
0.01
0.299
0.286
0.43
0.49
0.41
0.47
0.3
0.42
0.31
-0.08
0.08
0.07
0.07
0.25
0.05
1.26
0.3
1.18
0.534
0.06
0.06
0.04
0.05
0.056
0.06
0.2
1.98
0.22
0.1
0.1
0.03
0.02
0.2
0.06
0.14
0.27
0.008
0.008
0.049
0.018
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.12
Y
Y
Y
0.107
0.088
0.5
8.98
0.329
0.9
0.08
- 0.035
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.38
0.05
0.025
- 0.02
3.89
-0.04
-0.05
0.25
0.24
0.066
0.45
0.12
0.087
0.08
0.03
0.06
0.2
0.18
0.96
1.77
0.12
0.61
0.7
0.45
0.077
3.7
0.24
0.25
0.76
0.214
0.22
0.72
1.014
0.036
0.64
Y
0.92
0.035
Y
Y
0.023
0.25
Y
Y
0.01
0.058
0.047
0.09
0.01
Y
Y
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
N
0.021
N
N
Y
Y
0.12
0.77
0.03
0.15
0.24
0.049
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Butadiene, hexafluoroButadiene, hexafluoroButadiene, hexafluoroButadiene, hexafluoroButadiene, l-(2-hydroxyethylthio)Butadiene-lcarboxylate, ethyl
Butadiene-lcarboxylate, S-(-)oc-phenethylammonium
Butadiene-1-carboxylate, ethyl
Butanoate, 3-acrylamido-3-methyl-,
sodium
Butene, cis-2Butene-1
Butene-1
Butene-1
Butene-1
Butene-1
Butene-1, 2-ethylButene-1, 2-methylButene-1, 3,3-dimethylButene-1, 3,3-dimethylButene-1, 4-(p-chlorophenyl)Butene-1, 4-(/?-methoxyphenyl)Butene-1, 4-cyclohexylButene-1,4-phenylButene-2
Butene-2
Butene-2, 2-methylButene-2, cwButene-2, cwButene-2, cisButene-2, transButene-2, transButenoate, 3-phenyl-3-, methyl
Butyrolactone, oc-methyleneCaprolactam, N-vinylCaprolactam, TV-vinylCaprolactam, N-vinylCaprolactam, N-vinylCaprolactam, N-vinylCaprolactam, N-vinylCaprolactam, N-vinylCaprolactam, N-vinylCaprolactam, N-vinylCaprolactam, N-vinylCaprolactam, N-vinylCaprolactam, N-vinylCaprolactam, JV-vinylCaprolactam, TV-vinylCaprolactam, N-vinylCaprolactam, TV-vinylCaprolactam, TV-vinylCarbamate, TV,TV-diethyl-, vinyl
Carbamate, TV,TV-diethyl-, vinyl
Carbamate, TV-phenyl-, vinyl
Carbamate, TV-phenyl-, vinyl
Carbamate, N-vinyl-, ethyl
Monomer 2
Butadiene,
Butadiene,
Butadiene,
Isoprene
Butadiene,
Styrene
Styrene
2-chloro2-chloro2-fluoro2-chloro-
Acrylonitrile
Pyridine, 2-vinylAcrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylamide, TV,TV-dimethylMaleimide, TV-cyclohexylAcrylonitrile
Ethylene
Ethylene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Ethylene
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Acrylonitrile
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Acrylonitrile
Vinyl acetate
Styrene
Styrene
Crotonaldehyde
Crotonaldehyde
N-Vinyl pyrrolidone
Pyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 4-vinylPyridine, 4-vinylPyrrolidone, N-vinylStyrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl isopropyl ether
Vinyl phenyl ether
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylic acid
Maleic anhydride
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, di-, triethylene-glycol
Acrylic acid
rx
0.1
0.1
0.24
0.78
0.2
0.56
6.81
3.2
0.8
4
11
0.52
5.55
0.22
3
0.24
3.25
0.16
0.11
0.12
-1.05
-1.18
-0.44
-0.07
-0.066
-0.085
0.014
0.024
-1.79
0.3
0.11
0.03
0
0.84
-0.03
-0.532
0.85
0.31
0.31
1.7
0.04
0.04
0.12
0.12
0.1
0.1
1.7
1.02
0.31
2.5
2.5
3.1
0.22
1.3
- 0.027
-0.097
0.024
-0.08
0.13
0.329
0.034
0.26
95%
r2
1.68
5.47
5.52
2.93
1.19
1
0.12
0.45
0.138
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.03
0.15
0.08
0.987
0.81
0.42
0.12
0.89
1.2
0.28
2.5
0.044
0.088
0.055
0.069
5.22
5.31
0.25
0.6
0.44
0.512
0.06
0.005
0.2
0.01
5.3
1.95
2.43
0.049
0.068
0.066
0.18
0.19
0
13.46
3.6
1.55
3.34
1.56
1.01
5.64
6.18
4.68
2.56
5.03
4.51
7.5
3.3
8.52
22.32
8.27
8.8
62.99
7.2
1.97
0.14
0
0
2.8
11.58
11.58
4.35
4.35
4.43
4.43
2.8
0.2
0.63
0.35
0.35
0.03
0.01
0.26
4.78
5.58
0.025
29.56
1.7
0.418
0.504
4.69
95%
Conv.
Refs.
127
453
453
453
810
791
748
0.153
791
791
791
799
791
799
857
3.61
0.24
0.58
0.26
0.31
0.2
13.57
0.63
1.11
0.76
0.86
Y
Y
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
2.18
10.54
1.05
N
N
Y
Y
10.67
1.69
0.364
0.01
Y
Y
Y
N
0.13
0.2
0.01
0.73
0.96
0.37
0.22
0.32
0.034
3.59
0.04
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
995
211
388
407
211
30
329
329
329
6
24
24
24
24
477
329
329
211
211
230
211
211
1008
663
875
907
883
589
592
589
592
589
592
859
916
557
859
883
215
215
214
92
92
92
197
197
833
833
81
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Carbamate, TV-vinyl-,
ter/-butyl
Carbamate, N-vinyl-,
terf-butyl
Carbamate, N-vinyl-,
terf-butyl
Carbazole, 2-butenylCarbazole, 9-propenylCarbazole, 9-vinylCarbazole, 9-vinylCarbazole, N-butenylCarbazole, N-methyl-3-vinyl
Carbazole, N-propenylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbon monoxide
Carbon monoxide
Carbon monoxide
Carbon monoxide
Carbon monoxide
Carbon monoxide
Cinnamat, methyl
Cinnamate, 2-chloroethyl
Cinnamate, a-cyano-, 2-ethylhexyl
Cinnamate, a-cyano-, benzyl
Cinnamate, a-cyano-, butyl
Cinnamate, a-cyano-, cyclohexyl
Cinnamate, a-cyano-, hexyl
Cinnamate, a-cyano-, methyl
Cinnamate, benzyl
Monomer 2
Pyrrolidone, N-vinylVinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
N-Vinylpyrrolidone
Carbazole, 9-vinylCarbazole, 9-vinylCarbazole, 2-butenylCarbazole, 9-propenylCarbazole, N-vinylStyrene
Carbazole, N-vinylAcenaphthalene
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Carbazole, N-butenylCarbazole, N-propenylFumarate, diisopropyl
Maleate, diethyl
Maleate, dimethyl
Propene, 2,3-dichloroStyrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene, /?-chloroSuccinimide, N-vinylVinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl butyrate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl formate
Vinyl propionate
Vinyl thiolacetate
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
/*i
95%
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.371
2.09
0.4
0.46
0.17
2.4
0.02
0.02
2.6
2.8
0.02
1.404
0.02
-0.03
0.27
0.049
0.11
0.028
0.09
2.6
2.8
0
0.21
0.51
0.14
0.033
0.06
0.75
0.08
0.33
0.031
1
-0.02
0.026
0.032
0.02
0.04
2.67
3.02
3.9
1.33
4.77
4.142
1.69
0.44
3.6
3.65
0.32
0.004
-0.15
0
0.33
0.121
0.04
0.01
0.06
-0.16
- 0.09
- 0.24
-0.18
0.05
0.12
0.063
0.07
0.2
0.06
0.5
0.5
0.003
0.003
Y
N
0.011
0.13
0.11
0.01
0.17
0.08
0.22
0.15
1.77
0.39
0.418
1.12
1.87
0.4
2.6
2.8
0.02
0.02
2.6
0.735
2.8
6.62
1.1
0.53
0.43
0.51
0.39
0.02
0.02
0
0
0
1.55
2.12
1.8
0.57
1.84
0.44
2.123
0
6
5.93
5.72
7
0.11
0.126
0.15
0.13
0.07
0.17
0.192
0.081
0.45
-0.023
-0.008
0.068
0.025
0.04
0.5
0.24
13.52
1.799
1.394
0.58
0.4
0.47
0.37
12.6
0.26
0.001
0.35
0.13
0.39
0.044
0.4
1.33
81
629
81
827
991
991
904
904
904
904
871
806
871
331
757
13
551
98
269
871
871
1038
361
361
11
13
738
738
758
758
98
376
11
13
98
551
284
246
246
551
246
427
246
246
97
13
98
51
51
52
52
474
184
488
488
282
282
282
282
310
134
282
816
282
488
-0.17
-0.001
-0.21
0.14
0.26
0.03
0.1
0.5
0.003
0.003
0.5
0.5
0.146
0.12
0.029
0.045
0.04
0.05
0.11
0.03
0.015
0.05
0.18
0.022
0.06
0.034
0.057
0.09
0.13
0.34
0.011
0.21
0.28
0.12
0.3
0.65
0.012
0.07
0.067
1.77
0.13
0.073
0.04
Y
N
0.01
0.01
0.16
0.14
N
N
N
Y
0.26
0.22
0.048
N
N
Y
1.34
1.05
0.4
N
Y
Y
0.83
0.023
Y
Y
0.12
0.001
0.073
0.15
0.068
0.018
0.012
0.006
0.01
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
0.25
0.073
0.068
0.004
0.03
0.03
0.04
2.3
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
N
Y
N
Y
0.04
0.008
0.06
0.12
TABLE 1.
coni'd
Monomer 1
Cinnamate, butyl
Cinnamate, dibutylchlorotin
Cinnamate, ethyl
Cinnamate, ethyl
Cinnamate, methyl
Cinnamate, p-chloro-, methyl
Cinnamate, /?-methyl-, methyl
Cinnamate, phenyl
Cinnamate, tert-butyl
Cinnamic acid, cisCinnamic acid, transCinnamide, AW-diethylCinnamide, p-chloro-, AW-diethylCinnamide, p-methyl-, AW-diethylCinnamonitrile
Cinnamonitrile
Cinnamonitrile, a-cyanoCinnamonitrile, a-cyanoCitraconate, di-sec-buiy\
Citraconate, dibenzyl
Citraconate, dibutyl
Citraconate, dicyclohexyl
Citraconate, diethyl
Citraconate, diisobuty
Citraconate, diisopropyl
Citraconate, dimethyl
Citraconate, dipropyl
Citraconic acid
Citraconic anhydride
Citraconimide, p-iso-, N-(4-acetylphenyl)Citraconimide, p-iso-, AK4-acetylphenyl)Citraconimide, p-iso-,
A^-(4-ethoxycarbonylphenyl)Citraconimide, p-iso-, 7V-(4-methoxyphenyl)Citraconimide, p-iso-, N-{p-to\y\)Citraconimide, p-iso-, N-phenylCitraconimde, TV-(I-menthylcarboxylatomethyl)Citraconimide, A^-(4-acetoxyphenyl)Citraconimide, A^-(4-acetoxyphenyl)Citraconimide, A^-(4-chlorophenyl)Citraconimide, Af-(4-chlorophenyl)Citraconimide, A^-(4-ethoxycarbonylphenyl)Citraconimide, A^-(4-ethoxycarbonylphenyl)Citraconimide, N-(4-methoxyphenyl)Citraconimide, A^-(4-methoxyphenyl)Citraconimide, N-aHyl
Citraconimide, N-benzylCitraconimide, Af-benzyl
Citraconimide, TV-butylCitraconimide, TV-butylCitraconimide, TV-ethylCitraconimide, TV-ethylCitraconimide, TV-hexylCitraconimide, TV-hexylCitraconimide, TV-isobutylCitraconimide, TV-isobutylCitraconimide, TV-isopropylCitraconimide, JV-isopropylCitraconimide, TV-methylCitraconimide, TV-methylCitraconimide, TV-methyl-
Monomer 2
Styrene
Acrylate, methyl
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
r\
95%
0.04
-0.2
-0.076
0.082
0.02
0.04
0
0.029
0.1
-0.48
-0.24
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.36
-0.008
0.15
0.13
0.047
0.054
0.03
0.029
0.03
0.076
0.049
0.027
0
0.021
0
0
0
0.054
0.045
0.055
0.12
0.28
0.15
0.1
0.021
0.058
r2
1.757
1.65
1.52
1.566
1.27
2.24
2.84
1.66
1.692
3.84
3.4
4.17
2.99
4.95
8.46
2.549
2
1.55
2.74
1.88
2.48
1.8
1.62
1.58
2.19
1.36
0.16
0.42
0.28
0.3
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.082
0.31
0.035
Y
Y
0.12
0.087
0.68
0.24
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.37
0.092
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.15
488
659
200
488
653
653
653
488
488
298
298
737
737
737
310
134
310
134
841
841
841
841
841
841
841
841
841
1021
47
608
608
608
Styrene
0.27
608
Styrene
Styrene
0
0
0.109
0.115
0.4
0.39
3.47
0.335
608
608
950
Styrene
Styrene
0.18
0.015
-0.01
0.075
-0.027
0.13
0.086
0.18
0.093
0.084
1.88
0.151
2.93
0.181
2.72
0.16
0.054
0.4
0.057
0.18
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
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728
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728
0.004
0.033
0.148
0.018
728
0.19
0.11
3.16
0.63
0.142
2.77
0.19
2.17
0.169
3.25
0.231
2.38
0.316
1.78
0.326
2.7
0.244
0.53
3.24
0.15
0.73
0.19
Y
Y
0.28
0.087
0.56
0.028
0.79
0.044
0.45
0.086
0.85
0.094
0.51
0.055
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
728
728
959
714
714
714
714
714
714
714
714
714
714
714
714
460
460
460
Styrene
Methacrylate,
Styrene
Styrene
Methacrylate,
Styrene
Methacrylate,
Styrene
Methacrylate,
Styrene
Methacrylate,
Styrene
Methacrylate,
Styrene
Methacrylate,
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Methacrylate,
Styrene
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
-0.1
0.04
0.004
0.02
-0.066
-0.12
0.03
-0.04
-0.002
-0.08
-0.03
-0.18
0.07
0.09
-0.014
0.6
0.15
0.24
0.14
0.082
0.36
0.045
0.33
0.05
0.28
0.11
0.42
0.14
0.27
0.063
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Citraconimide, Af-methylCitraconimide, AT-phenylCitraconimide, N-phenylCitraconimide, Af-propylCitraconimide, N-propylCitraconimide, N-tert-buty\Citraconimide, N-tert-butylCitraconimide, N-tolylCitraconimide, JV-tolylCitraconimide, a-iso-, 7V-(4-acetylphenyl)Citraconimide, a-iso-, A^-(4-chlorophenyl)Citraconimide, a-iso-, N-(4-ethoxycarbonylphenyl)Citraconimide, a-iso-, N-(4-methoxyphenyl)Citraconimide, a-iso-, TV-(p-tolyl)Citraconimide, a-iso-, TV-phenylCopper diacrylate
Crotonaldehyde
Crotonaldehyde
Crotonaldehyde
Crotonaldehyde
Crotonaldehyde
Crotonaldehyde
Crotonaldehyde
Crotonaldehyde
Crotonaldehyde
Crotonaldehyde
Crotonate, hydrocortisone 21Crotonate, a-acetyl-, methyl
Crotonate, a-bromo-, ethyl
Crotonate, ethyl
Crotonate, ethyl
Crotonate, methyl
Crotonic acid
Crotonic acid
Crotonic acid
Crotonic acid
Crotonic acid'
Crotonic acid
Crotonic acid
Crotonic acid
Crotonic acid
Crotonic acid
Crotonic acid
Crotonic acid, cisCrotonic acid, transCrotononitrile
Crotononitrile
Crotononitrile, a-phenylCyclobutane, 1,2-dimethyleneCyclobutane, 1,2-dimethyleneCyclobutane, 1,2-dimethylene-
Monomer 2
Styrene
Methacrylate,
Styrene
Methacrylate,
Styrene
Methacrylate,
Styrene
Methacrylate,
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
rx
0.24
0.001
-0.001
-0.03
-0.014
0.038
0.045
0.003
-0.02
0
0
0
95%
0.033
0.023
0.43
0.087
0.072
0.05
0.088
0.18
r2
0.14
3.081
0.175
3.23
0.196
2.88
0.465
2.75
0.31
0.81
1.03
0.96
95%
0.074
0.016
0.98
0.062
0.19
0.039
0.19
0.13
Conv.
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Refs.
506
728
728
714
714
714
714
728
728
608
608
608
Styrene
0.39
608
Styrene
Styrene
Titanium, dicylopentadienyl-,
dimethacrylate
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Caprolactam, N-vinylCaprolactam, N-vinylPyrrolidone, N-vinylStyrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
N-Vinyl pyrrolidone
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylonitrile
Pyrrolidone, TV-vinylStyrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinylidene chloride
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Styrene
0
0
1.09
1.69
1.76
0.89
608
608
895
0
0.01
0
0
-0.15
0.03
0.07
0.12
-0.56
0
0.05
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.06
0.02
0
0.04
0
0.02
0
0
-0.27
-0.18
-0.19
0.11
0.12
0
0
0
0.04
0.01
0.001
-0.2
8
25
0.31
0.31
0.42
14.7
14.7
14.7
1.55
429
504
875
907
248
428
428
428
271
405
1022
785
785
785
785
785
785
785
785
785
785
785
785
785
785
785
112
298
298
569
569
402
245
402
47
526
94
47
341
341
112
785
785
854
885
854
-0.085
-0.012
0
0
5.76
5.76
3.6
0.01
0.25
0.05
0.22
0.14
0.19
0.03
0.14
0.1
1.03
0.024
0.06
0.36
0.75
8.68
2.7
4.42
18.7
8.24
9.53
5.13
11.4
0.26
1
18.4
2.97
30.7
25.2
27
9.68
3.76
4.23
4.72
5.32
21
0.84
20
0.317
0.3
0.31
18.1
7.2
23.29
23.8
0.43
0.1
0.1
0.26
0.005
0.02
0.26
0.02
1.86
0.89
1.37
Y
Y
Y
0.07
0.081
0.07
43.7
0.33
1.7
0.05
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Cyclobutane, 1,2-dimethyleneCyclopentene, 4-,-1,3-dione
Cyclopentene, 4-,-1,3-dione
Cyclopropane, l,l-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)2-vinylCyclopropane, l,l-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)2-vinylCyclopropene, 3,3-dimethoxyDiallyl P-cyanoethylisocyanurate
Diallyl melamine
Diallyl melamine
Diallyl melamine
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl, l,3-,5-(2-hydroxy3-phenoxypropyl)isocyanate
Diallyl, l,3-,5-(2-hydroxy3-phenoxypropyl)isocyanate
Diallylcyanamide
Diallylcyanamide
Diallylcyanamide
Diallylcyanamide
Diallylcyanamide
Diallylcyanamide
Diallylcyanamide
Diallyldimethylammonium chloride
Dicyclopentadiene
Dihydroxydiphenylsulfone diallyl ether
Dimethyleneheptanedioate, 2,6-,dimethyl
Dioxolane,l,3-,4,4-dimethyl-5-methylene2-trichloroDioxolane,l,3-,4-methylene2-trichloromethylDioxolane,l,3-,4-methylene2-trichloromethylDiphenylsulfone,3,3'-bisitaconimido-m,m'Dithiane, 2-methylene-l,3Dithiane, 2-methylene-1,3Divinylbenzene, mDivinylbenzene, p-
Monomer 2
rx
95%
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
885
95
95
263
264
264
1076
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene, p-chloroVinylidene chloride
3.6
0.04
0.094
0.16
0.058
0.017
0.28
3.02
8.11
0.05
0.71
0.38
0.014
0.113
0.223
0.006
0.027
0.194
0.294
1.88
4.21
0.081
0.35
0.905
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.111
0.194
2.5
1076
Acrylonitrile
Vinyl acetate
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate methyl
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Fumarate, dibutyl
Fumarate, diethyl
Fumarate, dioctyl
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinyl acetate
0.245
4.6
0.037
1.424
0.06
0.038
-0.32
0.318
0.028
0.038
0.04
0.037
0.02
0.01
0.02
-0.001
0.029
0.076
0.041
0.026
0.038
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.1
0.13
2.19
1.66
2
0.7
0.2
5.5
0.2
0.073
0.005
0.008
0.012
0.031
36.96
0.68
6.208
6.18
4.23
2.78
1.01
1.25
0.96
26.56
22.73
21.52
36.41
25.59
23.67
18.8
27.5
16.9
23.8
15.1
0.336
0.414
0.72
0.833
5
0.15
4.02
0.026
0.069
0.16
0.15
0.52
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
1.98
1.48
0.39
1.23
2.19
1.2
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.049
0.029
Y
Y
0.012
838
778
201
201
201
297
297
153
153
665
665
665
153
153
153
152
152
152
152
152
152
152
152
297
297
509
296
376
671
0.011
0.026
0.006
0.038
0.071
0.04
0.34
0.16
0.046
18.3
Vinyl acetate
3.65
0.16
676
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl acetate
Maleic anhydride
Styrene
Pyrrolidone, N-vinyl-
0.05
0.05
0.04
0.04
1.62
0.68
0.68
1.95
0.037
0.92
0.53
0.01
6.7
6.7
25
25
0.01
0.44
0.44
0.35
0.071
0.975
2.36
3.87
603
604
603
604
581
602
603
1029
914
1016
795
647
Acrylamide
0.037
8.6
616
Pyrrolidone, N-vinyl-
0.04
2.98
647
Methacrylic acid
0.015
Styrene
Styrene
Maleic anhydride
4.12
3.35
0.58
0.01
0.112
0.16
0.02
0.058
0.564
0.04
0.01
0.08
0.03
0.58
0.09
0.045
0.015
0.25
0.032
0.15
0.01
Y
N
1042
1031
1031
262
943
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Divinylbenzene, pEthene, 2-phenyl-l,l-dicyanoEthylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene, 1,1 -dichloro-2,2-difluoro
Ethylene, 1,1-diphenylEthylene, 1,1-diphenylEthylene, 1,1-diphenylEthylene, 1,1-diphenylEthylene, 1,1-diphenylEthylene, 1,1-diphenylEthylene, 1,1-diphenylEthylene, 1,1-diphenylEthylene, 1,1-diphenylEthylene, 1,1-diphenylEthylene, 1,1-diphenyl-
Monomer 2
Styrene
N-Vinylpyrrolidone
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Butene-1
Butene-1
Butene-2
Carbon monoxide
Carbon monoxide
Carbon monoxide
Carbon monoxide
Ethylene, tetrafluoroEthylene, tetrafluoroEthylene, tetrafluoroEthylene, tetrafluoroFumarate, diethyl
Maleate, diethyl
Maleic anhydride
Methacrylate, di-, zinc
Phosphonate, vinyl-, diphenyl
Phosphonate, vinyl-, bis(2-chloroethyl)
Phosphonate, vinyl- diisobutyl
Propylene
Propylene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl butyrate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl diethylphosphinate
Vinyl diphenylphosphinate
Vinyl ethyl ether
Vinyl
fluoride
Vinyl
fluoride
Vinyl propionate
Vinylidene chloride
Vinyl acetate
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Butadiene, 2,3-dichloroButadiene, 2-chloroMethacrylate, methyl
Methacrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
r\
95%
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
1.18
0.17
0.26
0.25
0.01
0.003
13.94
0.38
N
Y
N
N
262
947
42
41
768
415
388
407
477
51
51
52
52
1093
1094
563
563
41
41
620
935
41
801
801
801
388
477
615
309
41
413
42
559
68
68
766
605
180
270
42
472
536
63
63
64
68
311
311
584
42
590
605
299
6
65
334
334
143
61
61
65
901
143
189
281
0.02
0
3.25
3.6
7.5
0.068
0.025
0.04
0.5
0.52
0.575
0.61
0.38
0.11
0.25
0.04
0.19
0.088
0.077
3.43
3.2
0.05
0.16
0.28
0.88
0.74
0.67
0.13
0.79
0.7
0.19
0.24
0.34
0.2
0.21
0.21
0.14
0.23
0.16
0.15
0.05
2.7
2.52
1.7
0.67
0.018
-0.13
0.5
-0.24
0.21
-0.02
-0.08
0.03
0.09
0
-0.45
0.01
-0.02
19.4
7
0.16
0.012
0.006
0.01
0.18
0.09
1.14
0.32
0.004
-0.15
0
0.067
0.065
0.02
0.1
1.91
10
0
40
0.65
0.012
0.07
Y
Y
N
0.12
0.027
3.4
N
Y
Y
Y
0.01
0.003
1.66
7.73
2.22
2.19
0.03
0.62
14.88
0.72
1.2
N
N
0.77
0.64
0.21
N
N
0.42
0.58
0.44
N
N
N
0.1
0.22
0.22
0.18
80.64
34.66
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
0.15
1.96
0.58
Y
Y
0.01
0.01
0.01
N
N
N
Y
Y
0.1
0.02
0.01
N
N
N
0.52
0.03
0.01
0.17
0.13
0.13
0.01
0.12
0.01
0.01
0.16
0.01
0.32
0.005
0.36
0.15
0.05
0.01
0.11
0.02
0.01
1.14
1.03
1.52
3.74
1.23
1.4
1.5
1.99
1.74
4.38
2
3.21
1.85
0.96
1.63
1.55
-11.99
-62.84
0
0.01
0.3
1.5
15.71
0.33
0.8
0.09
0.12
0.05
3.58
3.4
2.1
8.7
0.48
0.33
0.34
Next Page
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Ethylene, 1,1-diphenylEthylene, chlorotrifluoroEthylene, chlorotrifluoroEthylene, chlorotrifluoroEthylene, chlorotrifluoroEthylene, chlorotrifluoroEthylene, chlorotrifluoroEthylene, chlorotrifluoroEthylene, chlorotrifluoroEthylene, chlorotrifluoroEthylene, chlorotrifluoroEthylene, chlorotrifluoroEthylene, chlorotrifluoroEthylene, chlorotrifluoroEthylene, dichloro-, cis
Ethylene, dichloro-, cis
Ethylene, p-vinyl- 1,1-diphenylEthylene, tetrachloroEthylene, tetrachloroEthylene, tetrachloroEthylene, tetrachloroEthylene, tetrachloroEthylene, tetrachloroEthylene, tetrachloroEthylene, tetrachloroEthylene, tetrachloroEthylene, tetrachloroEthylene, tetrachloroEthylene, tetrachloroEthylene, tetrafluoroEthylene, tetrafluoroEthylene, tetrafluoroEthylene, tetrafluoroEthylene, trichloroEthylene, trichloroEthylene, trichloroEthylene, trichloroEthylene, trichloroEthylene, trichloroEthylene, trichloroEthylene, trichloroEthylene, trichloroEthylene, trichloroEthylene, trichloroEthylene, trichloroEthylene, trichloroFerrocene, ethyl-a-cyclopentadienylidene
Ferrocene, ethyl-a-cyclopentadienylidene
Formaldehyde-S-vinyl-O-ethylthioacetal
Fumarate, allyl methyl
Fumarate, bis(2-butyl)
Fumarate, bis(3-[tris(trimethylsiloxy)silyl)propyl]
Fumarate, bis(3-[tris(trimethylsiloxy)silyl)propyl]
Fumarate, bis(3-chloro-2-butyl)
Monomer 2
Styrene
Ethylene, tetrafluoroIsobutylene
Propionate, vinyl
Propylene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl
fluoride
Vinylidene chloride
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylidene cyanide
Styrene
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene, chlorotrifluoroAcrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Butadiene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Butadiene
Isoprene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Fumarate, di-te/t-butyl
Styrene
r\
1.15
1
0.01
-0.074
0.08
0.02
0.3
-0.1
0.01
0.04
- 0.02
0.01
1.2
0.02
-3.1
-2.2
-0.28
-0.02
0.067
0.055
0.01
0.058
0.1
95%
0.02
0.062
0.01
0.08
0.21
0.02
0.12
0.062
0.053
0.024
0.03
0.14
1.31
0
0
0
r2
0.87
1
0.06
51.36
0.63
0.08
0.38
4.38
5.2
0.68
0.47
2.53
0.8
17.14
3.1
63.1
21.4
161.3
24.75
1.02
6.4
0.898
4.13
95%
Conv.
0.03
3.31
0.04
0.07
N
Y
N
0.99
0.11
Y
4.9
30.3
2.64
0.27
0.06
1.94
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.46
830
456
470
Y
Y
200
Y
0
0
-0.07
0.067
0.065
0.02
0.1
1
0
0
0
-0.03
0
0
0
0
0
-0.006
-0.06
-0.006
0.014
1.51
1.91
0.32
0.03
0
0.21
0.15
0.12
0.027
0.07
0.37
0.34
0.019
0.003
0.24
0.02
0.01
0.07
- 0.06
187
185
4.45
0.52
0.575
0.61
0.38
1
33
67
62.1
9.64
100
17.1
16.5
12.1
12.7
16
0.607
0.7
0.05
0.02
0.01
7.75
0.25
0.51
0.67
1.87
Y
Y
0.18
0.09
0.21
11
0.076
0.1
0.009
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.68
0.01
0.04
Y
N
N
0.87
0.03
0.26
Refs.
901
392
318
236
1097
318
830
236
567
1097
236
454
406
454
137
137
40
9
9
137
137
9
9
82
82
742
402
571
59
204
204
204
40
40
59
3
59
1093
1094
563
563
392
470
470
572
89
470
40
40
40
40
59
158
9
332
699
699
273
713
249
1040
1040
0.04
249
Previous Page
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
di-(2-chloroethyl)
di-(2-cyanoethyl)
di-(2-(methoxyethyl)
di-(2-phenylethyl)
di-^c-butyl
di-terf-amyl
di-tert-butyl
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
di-terf-butyl
di-tert-buty\
di-terf-butyl
dibenzyl
dibutyl
dibutyl
dibutyl
dibutyl
dicyclohexyl
dicyclopentyl
diethyl
diethyl
diethyl
diethyl
diethyl
diethyl
diethyl
diethyl
diethyl
diethyl
diethyl
diethyl
diethyl
diethyl
diethyl
diethyl
diethyl
diethyl
diethyl
diethyl
diethyl
diethyl
diisobutyl
diisopropyl
diisopropyl
diisopropyl
diisopropyl
diisopropyl
diisopropyl
diisopropyl
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
Fumarate,
diisopropyl
diisopropyl
diisopropyl
diisopropyl
diisopropyl
diisopropyl
diisopropyl
dimethyl
dimethyl
dimethyl
dioctyl
dioctyl
dipropyl
dipropyl
isopropyl butyl
isopropyl butyl
Monomer 2
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Fumarate, bis(3-[tris(trimethylsiloxy)
silyl)propyl
Fumarate, dimethyl
Maleate, dimethyl
Styrene
Styrene
Diallyl phthalate
Imidazole, 1-vinylStyrene
Styrene,
terf-butoxy
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Butadiene
Butadiene, 2-chloroDiallyl phthalate
Ethylene
A^-Vinylimidazole
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl ethyl ether
Vinylidene chloride
Styrene
Acenaphthalene
Acetate, isopropenyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, phenyl
Acrylonitrile
Carbazole, iV-vinylFumarate, bis(3-[tris(trimethylsiloxy)
silyl)propyl
Isobutylene
Methacrylonitrile
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Fumarate, di-tert-buty\
JV-Vinylimidazole
Styrene
Diallyl phthalate
Pyrrolidone, N-vinylImidazole, 1-vinylStyrene
Styrene
Styrene
r\
95%
0
0.09
0.03
O
0.04
0.08
0.67
1.57
18.2
0.04
O
1.01
0.182
0.04
0.01
0.06
0.06
0
0.1
0.25
0.02
1.25
1.91
0.04
0.05
0.191
0.02
0.081
0.11
0.07
0
0.1
0.02
0.443
0.33
0.48
1.63
0.52
0.012
0.05
0.06
0.67
0.091
0.07
0.2
0
0.87
0.42
0.17
0
0.055
0.9
0.49
0.095
0.156
0.252
0.03
0.96
0.04
0.163
0.02
0.01
0.01
r2
95%
Conv.
0.18
0.07
0.35
0.27
0.55
0.69
0.21
0.365
6.7
0.054
3.4
0.004
0.022
0.005
0.022
0.01
0.007
0.1
0.16
0.038
0.227
0.015
0.04
0.69
0.156
0.011
0.57
0.32
0.02
0.03
0.35
0.18
0.49
0.3
8
10
2.13
6.51
0.01
0.11
40.3
2.1
0.113
0.29
6.3
0.394
0.3
0.31
0.36
0.29
0.011
0.09
0.13
-0.124
0
12.19
0.37
2.57
0.011
1.9
3.4
16
0
0.07
0
23
85
0.4
0.012
0.29
48
1.57
0.133
0.39
0.02
0.02
0.009
0.32
0.42
0.3
Refs.
1038
1038
1038
1038
1038
1038
1040
0.227
0.037
Y
Y
0.01
Y
1.14
0.6
N
N
0.019
0.26
0.06
Y
Y
0.02
0.004
0.1
0.059
Y
Y
1.58
0.365
0.021
Y
Y
0.01
0.012
N
Y
1049
1049
1038
1038
665
614
1038
1077
1038
1038
470
640
466
61
665
41
28
394
879
1038
139
139
139
249
562
640
137
718
137
194
640
59
1038
1039
1038
1038
1038
1038
1038
1040
1038
1038
1038
1038
1038
1038
1038
1049
879
1038
665
121
614
1038
1056
1056
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Fumarate, isopropyl isobutyl
Fumarate, isopropyl methyl
Fumarate, isopropyl sec-butyl
Fumarate, methyl butyl
Fumarate, methyl ethyl
Fumarate, methyl isobutyl
Fumarate, methyl isopropyl
Fumarate, methyl propyl
Fumarate, methyl 5ec-butyl
Fumarate, methyl
terf-amyl
Fumarate, methyl tert-bvXy\
Fumarate, mono-2-butyl
Fumarate, tert-buiyl 2-ethylhexyl
Fumarate, terr-butyl 4-methyl-2-pentyl
Fumarate, tert-b\xiy\ ethyl
Fumarate, terf-Butyl isoamyl
Fumarate, tert-buiy\ methyl
Fumarate, tert-bxxtyX sec-butyl
Fumaricacid
Fumaronitrile
Fumaronitrile
Fumaronitrile
Fumaronitrile
Fumaronitrile
Fumaronitrile
Fumaronitrile
Fumaryl chloride
Fumaryl chloride
Furan, 2,3-dihydroFuran, 2-vinyl-5-methyl
Hex-3-yne-5-ene, 2-methyl-terf-butyl
peroxide
Hexatriene, tetrachloroHexatriene, tetrachloroHexatriene, tetrachloroHexatriene, tetrachloroHexatriene, tetrachloroHexatriene, tetrachloroHexatriene, tetrachloroHexene, 1-, 3,4-dioic anhydride
Hexene, 2-, 3,4-dioic anhydride
Hexene, 5-, 2,4-dione
Hexene-1
Hexene-1
Hexene-1
Hexene-1, 2,5-dicarboxylate, dimethyl
Imidazole, 1-vinyl
Imidazole, 1-vinylImidazole, 1-vinylImidazole, 1-vinyl-
Monomer 2
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
N-vinylimidazole
Benzothiazole, vinylmercaptoMethacrylate, methyl
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene, a-methylStyrene
Vinyl acetate
Styrene
Acrylate, butyl
Maleic anhydride
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Butadiene, 2-chloroIsoprene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Vinyl chloride
Styrene
Triazole, 1-N-vinyl-1,2,4Acrylic acid
Fumarate, dibutyl
Fumarate, dipropyl
rx
0.01
0.16
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.16
0.05
0.02
0.06
0.03
- 0.04
0.01
0.01
0.04
0.06
0.03
0.07
0.313
95%
0.03
0.012
r2
0.46
0.3
0.54
0.36
0.32
0.32
0.3
0.28
0.45
0.53
0.45
0.33
0.54
0.57
0.25
0.45
0.45
0.55
0.121
95%
Conv.
0.03
0.01
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
-0.064
-0.016
0.006
0
0.096
0.021
0.031
6.74
0.202
0.294
0.3
0.79
0.058
0.044
-0.01
0.078
0.094
0.02
0.051
0.169
0.292
20
0.118
0.105
0.183
0.01
0.019
0.044
0.146
Y
Y
Y
0.087
0.05
Y
Y
0.057
0.042
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0
0.392
0.716
0.867
0.36
3.19
4.01
0.2
1.58
1.76
0.85
-0.052
-0.08
-0.54
1.22
1.38
1.52
1.73
1.91
1.91
2.07
2.46
2.69
2.93
3.19
4.11
-0.67
-1.08
-1.72
0.196
0.32
0.03
0.009
1.36
1.25
0.28
0.22
1
1.17
5.83
0.262
0.234
3.6
0.58
0.504
0.123
9.23
0.043
8.57
3.63
17.17
0.031
0.049
0.066
0.07
0.171
0.179
0.173
0.121
0.24
0.014
0.044
0.028
-0.13
2.07
1.54
0.678
0.01
0.012
0.002
0.182
0.163
0.03
8.4
5.6
436
0.6
0.98
0.031
0.054
0.069
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
N
Y
Y
Refs.
1056
1056
1056
1056
1056
1056
1056
1056
1056
1056
1056
249
1056
1056
1056
1056
1056
1056
879
763
191
137
199
478
77
77
91
91
806
1105
1105
1105
637
5
4
459
459
5
4
4
933
933
933
931
931
931
931
931
931
931
931
931
931
931
931
60
60
329
828
972
955
614
614
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Imidazole, 1-vinylImidazole, 1-vinylImidazole, 1-vinylImidazole, 1-vinylImidazole, 1-vinylImidazole, 1-vinylImidazole, 1-vinylImidazole, 1-vinylImidazole, l-vinyl-2-methylImidazole, l-vinyl-2-methylImidazole, l-vinyl-2-methylImidazole, l-vinyl-2-methylImidazole, l-vinyl-2-methylImidazole, l-vinyl-2-methylImidazole, N-vinylImidazole, N-vinylImidazole, TV-vinylImidazolid-2-one, 1,3-divinylImidazolid-2-one, l-ethyl-3-vinylIndene
Indene
Indene
Indene
Indene
Indene
Indene
Indene
Indene
Indene
Indene
Isobutene
Isobutylene
Isobutylene
Isobutylene
Isobutylene
Isobutylene
Isobutylene
Isobutylene
Isobutylene
Isobutylene
Isobutylene
Isobutylene
Isobutylene, 3-chloroIsobutylene, 3-chloroIsobutylene, 3-chloroIsobutylene, 3-chloroIsooctene
Isoprene
Isoprene
Isoprene
Isoprene
Isoprene
Isoprene
Isoprene
Isoprene
Isoprene
Isoprene
Isoprene
Isoprene
Isoprene
Isoprene
Isoprene
Isoprene
Isoprene
Monomer 2
Maleate, dibutyl
Maleate, dipropyl
Maleate, monomethyl
Maleic acid
Vinyl acetate
Acrylate, methyl
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl chloride
Silane, methacryloxypropyldimethoxy
methylSilane, methacryloxypropyltrimethoxyStyrene, /?-trimethyoxysilylAcrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Styrene, /?-chloroVinyl acetate
Vinyl 1-menthyl ether
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Maleimide, Af-cyclohexylAcrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Ethylene, chlorotrifluoroFumarate, diisopropyl
Maleic anhydride
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Allyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Maleimide, JV-cyclohexylAcetylene, phenylAcrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene, 2,3-dimethylButadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-fluoroButadiene, hexafluoroFerrocene, ethyl-oc-cyclo-pentadienylide
Hexatriene, tetrachloroMethacrylate, methyl
Pyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 4-vinyl-
T1
0.486
0.314
0.4
0.3
0.014
0.96
0.071
1.9
0.05
0.047
0.003
0.09
0.07
2.15
0.079
0.158
0.002
-0.08
0.01
0.1
0.12
0.09
0.07
-0.069
8.64
12.64
0.2
0.25
0.293
0.34
0.41
0
0.02
0
0.06
0
0.012
0.17
0.06
0.268
-0.54
0.08
4.5
0
0
0
0.72
3.01
0.75
0.45
1.06
0.608
1.18
0.06
0.25
1.19
0.01
0.58
0.65
0.64
0.64
0.59
0.58
0.32
95%
0.057
0.028
0.03
0.19
0.029
6.99
0.088
0.064
0.26
0.04
0.03
0.01
0.25
0.24
0.066
2.8
12.59
0.095
0.85
0.002
0.38
0.03
0.19
0.8
0.043
5.8
0.062
0.12
0.23
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
614
614
724
635
364
364
364
364
465
364
479
364
479
154
1095
0.093
0.053
0.6
0.6
4.36
0.16
9.94
-0.11
1.28
4
3.48
8.87
8.97
0.188
1.39
0.08
0.035
Y
Y
1.86
0.074
0.24
1.17
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.54
0.62
0.077
2.27
6.9
0.41
0.47
0.63
0.62
0.281
0.29
2.86
0.39
0.67
2.63
2.9
0.49
-0.02
0
1.295
0.98
1.02
0.01
0.42
0.065
1.66
2.04
2.12
1.2
1.54
0.15
0.13
0.31
1.1
0
0.1
0.12
0.03
0.94
0.14
0.84
2.82
2.63
0.78
1.91
1.58
0.26
0.25
0.25
0.47
0.46
2.49
1.12
0.13
0.06
N
N
0.05
0.12
0.83
0.2
2.82
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.15
1.15
Y
Y
0.008
0.25
Y
Y
0.02
0.18
1.82
0.2
2.05
Y
Y
Y
N
0.37
0.96
0.21
1088
1095
800
800
606
606
360
360
6
360
750
606
606
6
6
995
21
211
484
318
1038
988
211
140
155
329
560
412
475
475
470
995
648
424
417
173
83
173
418
174
453
699
459
302
698
704
456
458
424
TABLE 1.
cont'd
Monomer 1
Isoprene
Isoprene
Isoprene
Isoprene
Isoprene
Isoprene
Isoprene, 3-acetoxyIsoprene, 3-acetoxyIsoprene, 3-acetoxyIsopropenyl acetate
Isopropenyl acetate
Isopropenyl acetate
Isopropenyl acetate
Isopropenyl, 3-(l-cyclohexenyl), acetate
Isopropenyl-, p-, phenol glycidyl ether
Isopropenylacetophenone, pIsopropenylisocyanate
Isopropenyltoluene
Isopropenyltoluene
Isopropylidene, 2,3:4,5-di-0-,
-1 - vinylbenzyl- (3-D-fructose
Itaconamate, N-(4-carboethoxyphenyl)-,
butyl
Itaconamate, Af-(4-carboethoxyphenyl)-,
ethyl
ethyl
methyl
propyl
Itaconamate, A^-(4-carboethoxyphenyl)-,
propyl
Itaconamate, A^-(4-chlorophenyl)-, ethyl
Itaconamate, N-(4-chlorophenyl)-, ethyl
Itaconamate, A^-(4-chlorophenyl)-, methyl
Itaconamate, Af-(4-chlorophenyl)-, propyl
Itaconamate, A^-(4-chlorophenyl)-, propyl
Itaconamate, Af-(4-methoxyphenyl)-, butyl
Itaconamate, N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-, ethyl
Itaconamate, A^-(4-methoxyphenyl)-, ethyl
Itaconamate, N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-,
methyl
Itaconamate, Af-(4-methoxyphenyl)-,
propyl
Itaconamate, AH4-methoxyphenyl)-,
propyl
Itaconamate, Af-(4-methylphenyl)-, propyl
Itaconamate, Af-(4-methylphenyl)-, propyl
Monomer 2
Quinoline, 2-vinylStyrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylate, methyl
Styrene
Maleic anhydride
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitirle
Butadiene, 2-chloroStyrene
Styrene
Vinylidene chloride
Acrylate, methyl
Styrene
Maleic anhydride
Styrene
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Styrene
r\
1.88
1.922
1.957
1.98
2.02
1.3
5.71
2.81
4.47
0.034
-0.09
1.082
0.23
1.2
0.7
0.14
0.29
0.66
4.06
0.57
0.4
0.56
0.003
0.84
0.15
0.11
0.079
0.1
0.14
0.07
0.122
3
0.31
0.04
0.04
3.26
95%
0.016
0.011
0.022
0.12
0.074
0.16
0.01
0.66
0.59
0.047
0.047
1.12
r2
0.53
0.513
0.476
0.44
0.42
0.48
0.27
0.16
0.34
0.002
17.36
1.171
2.26
0.3
0.36
4.035
0.44
0.32
0.134
0.37
0.81
1.59
0.002
0.3
0.79
0.6
0.799
0.24
3.1
8.12
6.84
0.39
0.85
0.68
0.68
0.14
95%
Conv.
0.02
0.018
Y
Y
0.011
1.95
0.038
0.13
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.087
0.099
0.18
0.049
0.18
0.055
Refs.
456
366
366
544
544
83
770
770
770
260
100
100
100
490
542
259
542
542
47
770
770
770
937
266
434
434
99
434
434
434
99
777
434
688
722
772
Styrene
0.61
0.2
678
0.48
1.21
678
Styrene
0.2
0.23
678
Styrene
0.58
0.15
678
0.53
678
Styrene
0.4
0.26
678
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
0.36
0.16
0.18
0.31
0.31
0.69
0.43
0.34
0.41
1.24
0.35
0.38
1.26
0.39
0.12
1.31
0.33
0.26
678
678
678
678
678
678
678
678
678
0.4
1.03
678
Styrene
0.4
0.38
678
Styrene
0.28
0.19
1.11
0.54
678
678
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Itaconamate, N-(4-methylphenyl)-, butyl
Itaconamate, Af-(4-methylphenyl)-, ethyl
Itaconamate, A^-(4-methylphenyl)-, ethyl
Itaconamate, Ar-(4-methylphenyl)-, methyl
Itaconamate, N-phenyl-, butyl
Itaconamate, N-phenyl-, ethyl
Itaconamate, N-phenyl-, ethyl
Itaconamate, N-phenyl-, methyl
Itaconamate, Af-phenyl-, propyl
Itaconamate, Af-phenyl-, propyl
Itaconate, bis(2-ethylhexyl)
Itaconate, bis(tri-n-butyltin)
Itaconate, di-2[-2(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl
Itaconate, di-^-butyl
Itaconate, diamyl
Itaconate, dibutyl
Itaconate, dibutyl
Itaconate, dibutyl
Itaconate, dibutyl
Itaconate, diethyl
Itaconate, diethyl
Itaconate, diethyl
Itaconate, dimenthyl
Itaconate, dimethyl
Itaconate, dimethyl
Itaconate, dimethyl
Itaconate, dimethyl
Itaconate, dimethyl
Itaconate, dimethyl
Itaconate, dimethyl
Itaconate, dimethyl
Itaconate, dimethyl
Itaconate, dimethyl
Itaconate, dioctyl
Itaconate, dipropy
Itaconate, ethyl hexafluoroisopropyl
Itaconate, glycidyl methyl
Itaconate, mono-methyl
Itaconate, monomethyl
Itaconic acid
Itaconic acid
Itaconic acid
Itaconic acid
Itaconic acid
Itaconic acid mono(/?-sulfamidoanilide)
Itaconic anhydride
Itaconic anhydride
Itaconic anhydride
Itaconic anhydride
Itaconic anhydride
Monomer 2
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Maleimide, N-cyclohexylAcrylate, 2-chloroethyl
Acrylate, butyl
Methacrylate,allyl
N-Vinylpyrrolidone
Styrene
Maleimide, N-cyclohexyl
Styrene
Itaconate, dimethyl
Styrene
Pyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylStyrene
Vinyl chloride
Maleimide, 7V-cyclohexylMethacrylate, methyl
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Acrylate, butyl
Itaconate, dibutyl
Methacrylonitrile
Pyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylStyrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene, /?-chloroVinyl chloride
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Methacrylate, propargyl
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
rx
0.31
0.63
0.26
0.16
0.49
0.47
0.21
0.52
0.18
0.15
0.18
0.38
0.391
0.422
0.038
0.065
0.2
0.34
0.5
1.1
0.717
0.4
0.34
0.17
0.34
5.65
0.318
-0.156
0.483
95%
0.04
0.015
0.04
0.09
0.11
0.05
0.12
0.213
0.02
0.364
r2
0.19
1.43
0.38
0.3
0.12
1.32
0.45
0.31
0.39
1.13
0.5
0.34
0.683
0.91
1.08
0.21
0.53
0.21
0.36
1.1
1.33
0.8
0.42
0.51
0.23
0.06
0.601
3.34
0.502
0.94
1.1
0.3
0.28
0.22
0.4
1.1
1.2
1.26
0.88
0.14
0.06
0.15
5
0.14
0.28
0.039
0.041
0.31
0.36
0.135
0.04
0.111
0.33
0.33
0.218
0.139
0.86
0
0
0
0.12
0.58
2.46
2.61
4.83
1.17
0.405
0.48
0.5
0.69
0.05
0.33
0.16
0.435
0.376
0.52
0.59
0.223
0.189
0.029
0.34
0.52
0.404
1.1
0.59
1.23
1.14
0.34
0.26
1.65
-0.016
0.251
0.034
0.155
0.004
95%
0.013
0.022
0.04
0.05
Conv.
0.09
0.06
0.11
0.193
0.557
0.188
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.12
0.06
0.035
0.079
0.42
0.21
0.028
0.11
0.052
0.15
0.11
0.086
0.103
0.74
0.67
0.05
0.38
0.32
0.33
0.33
0.09
0.16
0.07
0.025
0.036
0.16
0.14
0.02
0.055
0.039
0.077
0.085
0.06
0.071
0.34
0.08
0.02
0.022
0.021
0.014
0.024
0.01
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Refs.
678
678
678
678
678
678
678
1059
678
678
678
1060
940
940
940
941
1098
1014
39
398
1073
398
39
545
39
480
975
975
975
975
398
398
398
398
545
39
398
586
398
479
39
39
1103
806
613
613
613
613
656
656
656
656
1010
164
260
408
420
76
957
365
365
365
1010
365
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Itaconic anhydride
Itaconic anhydride
Itaconic anhydride
Itaconic anhydride
Itaconimide, AH2-chloroethyl)Itaconimide, AK2-chloroethyl)Itaconimide, AH4-acetoxyphenyl)Itaconimide, Af-(4-chlorophenyl)Itaconimide, N-(4-ethoxycarbonylphenyl)Itaconimide, N-(p-chlorophenyl)Itaconimide, N-(p-lo\y\)Itaconimide, Af-benzylItaconimide, Af-benzylItaconimide, Af-butylItaconimide, iV-ethylItaconimide, JV-ethylItaconimide, N-isobutylItaconimide, AMsopropylItaconimide, N-methylItaconimide, N-methylItaconimide, N-naphthylItaconimide, W-phenylItaconimide, Af-phenylItaconimide, N-phenylItaconimide, N-propylItaconimide, N-XxAyV
Malemic acid, A^-3-dimethylamino6-methylphenylMalemic acid, A^-3-dimethylamino6-methylphenylMaleate, chloro-, diethyl
Maleate, dibutyl
Maleate, allyl methyl
Maleate, butyl stannylallyl
Maleate, di-tert-butyl
Maleate, dibutyl tin
Maleate, diethyl
Maleate, diethyl
Maleate, diethyl
Maleate, diethyl
Maleate, diethyl
Maleate, diethyl
Maleate, diethyl
Maleate, diethyl
Maleate, diethyl
Maleate, diethyl
Maleate, diethyl
Maleate, diethyl
Maleate, diethyl
Maleate, diethyl
Maleate, diethyl
Maleate, diethyl
Maleate, diethyl
Maleate, diethyl
Maleate, diethyl
Maleate, diethyl
Maleate, dimethyl
Maleate, dimethyl
Maleate, dimethyl
Maleate, dimethyl
Maleate, dimethyl
Maleate, dimethyl
Maleate, dimethyl
Maleate, dioctyl
Monomer 2
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Methacrylate,
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Methacrylate,
Styrene
Styrene
Methacrylate,
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Methacrylate,
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Butadiene
rx
0.456
0.785
1.57
2.87
0.54
0.162
0.21
0.2
0.112
0.14
0.24
1.06
0.2
-0.019
0.42
0.172
-0.03
0.045
1.12
0.12
0.35
0.109
0.08
0.998
0.04
0.219
- 0.08
Styrene
Styrene
Imidazole, 1-vinylStyrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Butadiene
Carbazole, N-vinylEthylene
iV-Vinylimidazole
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Carbzole, Af-vinylFumarate, di-tert-butyl
N-Vinylimidazole
Styrene
Styrene
Succinimide, Af-vinylVinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
95%
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.015
0.005
0.045
0.024
0.11
0.045
0.12
0.084
0.032
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.18
0.048
0.03
0.066
0.029
0.11
0.043
0.22
0.069
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.043
0.123
0.18
0.079
0.03
0.086
0.003
-0.019
- 0.04
0
0.069
0.35
0.159
0.232
0.15
0.16
0.46
0.056
0.22
0.486
0.232
0.44
0.308
0.38
0.153
0.08
0.116
0.05
0.05
0.28
0.134
0.37
0.248
0.12
0.031
0.04
N
Y
Y
N
62
62
365
365
642
642
729
729
729
740
740
642
642
642
642
642
642
642
642
642
740
729
740
978
642
729
679
-0.19
0.03
0.55
0.03
679
-0.043
0.093
0.02
0.06
0.199
-0.095
0.194
0
0
0.11
0
10
-0.1
0
-0.02
0.106
0.021
0.08
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.199
0.121
2.07
0.486
8.29
0.1
0.005
72.7
2.08
12
20
8.08
0.21
0.25
341
20
285.8
0.057
0.14
0.057
0.14
0.02
0.024
5.93
0.118
Y
Y
N
N
Y
Y
Y
0.05
14
614
713
811
1049
987
987
470
640
466
361
41
28
470
873
879
14
139
640
874
888
137
137
449
6
640
3
361
1049
879
137
317
284
1049
3
-0.013
0.07
0.01
0.001
0.04
-0.003
0
0.046
0.17
12.5
0
0.011
0.046
0.15
0.105
-0.012
0.257
0.608
0.09
0.05
0.3
0.32
0.39
0.092
0.21
0.18
0.054
r2
0.75
0.11
0.04
0.13
0.06
0.11
0.064
0.73
0.12
0.082
0.01
0.05
0.015
0.147
0.022
0.01
0.012
0.044
0.07
0.01
0.037
0.438
0.12
0.058
0.021
0.086
0.099
6.59
8
6.07
6.592
0.171
0.768
0.8
0.9
0
0.51
18.2
0.046
10.65
0.083
1.25
-0.006
0.05
46
35.9
0.028
0.46
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.07
0.025
0.078
Y
Y
0.11
0.11
6.7
0.046
2.81
0.015
0.16
0.084
0.14
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Maleate, dipropyl
Maleate, monoallyl
Maleate, monoallyl
Maleate, monomethyl
Maleate, tributylstannyl allyl
Maleic Anhydride
Maleic acid
Maleic acid
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
Maleic
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
anhydride
Monomer 2
Imidazole, 1-vinylMaleic anhydride
Styrene
Imidazole, 1-vinylMaleic anhydride
Isopropenyl-, /?-, phenol glycidyl ether
Imidazole, 1-vinylN-Vinylimidazole
Acenaphthalene
Acenaphthalene
Acetylene, phenylAcrolein diethylacetal
Acrylamide
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Allyl acetate
Allylbenzene
Benzocyclobutane, oc-methyleneBenzothiazole, vinylmercaptoButadiene monoxide
Butadiene, 2-chloroCarbamate, AUV-diethyl-, vinyl
Dicyclopentadiene
Divinylbenzene, p Ethylene
Hex-3-yne-5-ene, 2-methyl-terf-butylperoxide
Isobutylene
Isopropenyl acetate
Maleate, monoallyl
Maleate, tributylstannyl allyl
Maleimide, N-phenylMaleimide, N-phenylMethacrylate, ferrocenylmethyl
Methacrylate, di-, di-rc-butylstannyl
Phthalimide, N-vinylPropene, 1-chloro-, cisPropene, 1-chloro-, transStyrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene, a-methyl-
rx
95%
0.053
0.027
0.07
0.6
0.095
0.002
0.6
0.094
0.02
-0.04
0.06
0.07
0
0.027
0.035
0.014
0.02
0.012
0
0
0.028
0.013
0.104
0.027
0.05
0.004
0.019
0.025
r2
0.314
0.051
0.14
0.4
0.032
0.003
0.3
0.018
0.46
0.46
0.08
0.18
0.56
7.15
2.788
2.5
6
-0.001
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.028
0.054
0.01
Y
N
N
0.017
0.007
0.13
0.31
2.96
0.051
Y
Y
Y
Y
614
906
811
724
906
937
635
879
1039
326
797
767
655
117
325
260
470
470
27
351
1083
763
1064
1068
92
914
943
620
637
0.007
Y
Y
0.002
Y
0.64
0.329
0.025
0.071
0.09
0
0.01
0.065
0.002
0.051
0.032
-0.095
0.02
0.24
-0.163
-0.019
0.08
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.024
0.372
0.008
0.347
0.28
0.001
0
0.003
0.02
0
0
0.02
0.01
0.001
0.005
0.01
0.02
0.05
0.06
0.107
0.034
0.045
0.01
0.011
0.054
0.017
0.106
0.65
0.28
0.027
0.026
1.77
0.004
0.008
0.093
0.012
0.082
0.012
0.008
0.13
0.03
0.01
0.05
0.026
0.024
0.037
0.01
0.04
0.36
0.012
0.034
0.027
0.095
1.08
1.92
0.33
4.18
6.36
0.46
5.2
3.1
3.85
3.4
3.85
0.012
- 0.075
0.344
-0.022
0.05
0.097
0.04
0.02
0
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.02
0.04
0.04
0.18
0.03
0.066
0.112
0.01
N
Y
Y
0.022
0.014
0.104
0.13
11.83
0.65
0.31
0.64
0.69
0.47
Y
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
N
0.016
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
N
N
0.088
0.061
0.08
0.015
0.002
0.12
0.003
0.01
N
0.08
0.04
988
260
906
906
990
341
325
169
260
320
33
524
524
524
524
954
720
720
284
181
181
105
12
17
241
384
397
483
506
522
522
522
522
522
923
492
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride, a-chloroMaleimide
Maleimide
Maleimide
Maleimide
Maleimide
Maleimide
Maleimide, N-hydroxymethyl
Maleimide, 2,3-dimethylAf-(2-methacryloxyethyl)Maleimide, 2,3-dimethylAf-(2-methacryloxyethyl)Maleimide, 2,3-dimethylAf-(2-methacryloxyethyl)Maleimide, A^-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)Maleimide, N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)Maleimide, N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)Maleimide, A^-(2,6-diethylphenyl)Maleimide, A^-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)Maleimide, Af(2,6-dimethylphenyl)Maleimide, J/V-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)Maleimide, A^-(2-bromophenyl)Maleimide, AH2-chlorophenyl)Maleimide, N-(2-chlorophenyl)Maleimide, iV-(2-chlorophenyl)Maleimide, iV-(2-chlorophenyl)Maleimide, N-(2-chlorophenyl)Maleimide, A^-(2-chlorophenyl)Maleimide, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)Maleimide, 7V-(2-hydroxyethyl)Maleimide, iV-(2-hydroxyethyl)Maleimide, A^-(2-hydroxyethyl)Maleimide, A^-(2-hydroxyethyl)Maleimide, A^-(2-hydroxyethyl)Maleimide, TV-(2-methylphenyl)Maleimide, iV-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)Maleimide, AK3-dimethylaminophenyl)Maleimide, N-(3-methylphenyl)Maleimide, A^-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)Maleimide, A^-(4-bromophenyl)Maleimide, A^-(4-bromophenyl)Maleimide, A^-(4-carboxyethylphenyl)Maleimide, JV-(4-carboxyethylphenyl)a-chloroMaleimide, A^-(4-carboxyethylphenyl)a-chloroMaleimide, A^-(4-chlorophenyl)Maleimide, A^-(4-chlorophenyl)Maleimide, 7V-(4-chlorophenyl)Maleimide, A^-(4-chlorophenyl)Maleimide, N-(4-chlorophenyI)-a-chloroMaleimide, A^-(4-chlorophenyl)-a-chloroMaleimide, iV-(4-hydroxyphenyl)Maleimide, A^-(4-hydroxyphenyl)Maleimide, AT-(4-hydroxyphenyl)Maleimide, Af-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-
Monomer 2
rx
Vinyl 2-chlorocyclohexyl ketone
0.83
0.08
Vinyl acetate
-0.058
Vinyl chloride
-0.22
Vinyl chloride
0.4
Vinyl chloride
0.67
Vinylidene cyanide
Styrene
0
Butadiene, 2,3-bis(diethyl-phosphono)0.43
0.166
0.17
Piperidinol, 4-, TV-methyl0.49
4-(vinylethynyl)Styrene
0.088
Vinylidene chloride
0.464
0.263
Acrylate, ethyl
1.55
95%
0.027
0.074
0.38
r2
0.148
1.7
0.12
0.019
0.098
0.04
0.1
95%
Conv.
0.073
0.008
0.042
Y
Y
Refs.
284
836
836
260
260
521
521
82
845
759
251
992
948
0.061
0.01
0.07
0.14
2.576
2.5
2.05
0.036
0.083
0.026
3.06
0.057
0.666
1.745
0.28
0.012
0.056
0.03
1.15
Y
Y
Y
Y
251
251
323
619
0.047
0.03
1.1
3.58
0.51
1.66
619
Methacrylic acid
1.33
0.1
0.746
0.059
619
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, heptyl
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Butadiene, 2,3-bis(diethyl-phosphono)Methacrylate, methyl
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Styrene
Acrylate, methyl
Styrene
Vinyl chloride
0.2
0.2
0.05
0.02
0.02
0.07
0.08
0.338
1.078
0.1
0.013
0.028
0.01
0.006
0.49
0.201
0.038
0.011
0.61
0.88
0.09
0.28
0.19
0.22
0.1
0.39
0.018
3.29
-0.004
0.17
0.007
0.18
0.168
0.62
0.14
4.78
0.19
10.9
3.62
0.14
2.029
0.956
2.1
0.011
0.038
0.013
0.038
0.12
1.396
0.002
0.046
-0.014
0.01
2.22
1.63
0.03
1.18
1.57
0.429
0.02
0.04
0.472
0.045
0.048
0.002
0.003
0.005
0.003
0.083
0.01
0.027
0.12
0.17
0.214
0.095
Y
Y
0.004
0.006
0.012
0.28
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.089
0.002
0.017
0.037
0.041
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.099
0.006
0.03
0.114
Y
N
Y
788
788
992
992
992
992
992
863
863
992
853
853
910
910
759
323
323
323
323
323
992
992
747
992
992
628
1030
306
973
Styrene
0.022
0.041
0.059
0.021
973
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Butadiene, 2,3-bis(diethyl-phosphono)Vinyl chloride
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Butadiene, 2,3-bis(diethyl-phosphono)-
0.155
0.743
0.41
3.65
0.02
0.019
0.345
0.13
1.75
0.47
0.052
0.048
0.684
0.972
0.03
0.026
0.562
0.149
1.392
-0.059
-0.011
0.04
0.052
0.112
Y
Y
0.044
0.025
0.048
0.001
0.041
0.027
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
628
863
759
306
973
973
323
323
323
75
0.39
0.03
0.038
0.001
0.1
0.17
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Maleimide, A^-(4-methoxyphenyl)-a-chloroMaleimide, AH4-methoxyphenyl)-a-chloroMaleimide, TV-(4-methylphenyl)Maleimide, TV-(4-methylphenyl)Maleimide, AK4-methylphenyl)-a-chloroMaleimide, iV-(4-methylphneyl)-a-chloroMaleimide, TV-(4-tolyl)Maleimide, TV-(P-chloroethyl)-a-chloroMaleimide, AHP-chloroethyl)-oc-chloroMaleimide, TV-(p-chloroethyl)-a-chloroMaleimide, TV-(L-menthoxycarbonylmethyl)Maleimide, TV-(L-menthoxycarbonylmethyl)Maleimide, TV-2-bromophenylMaleimide, TV-2-chlorophenylMaleimide, TV-4-chlorophenylMaleimide, TV-[TV'-a-methylbenzyl)
aminocarbonylpentyl]Maleimide, TV-[TV'-a-methylbenzyl)
aminocarbonylpenty 1] Maleimide, TV-[TV'-a-methylbenzyl)
aminocarbonylpenty I]Maleimide, TV-a-methylbenzylMaleimide, TV-a-methylbenzylMaleimide, TV-allylMaleimide, TV-benzylMaleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
Maleimide,
TV-benzylTV-benzylTV-benzyl-a-chloroTV-butylTV-butylTV-butylTV-butylTV-chloromethylTV-cyclohexyliV-cyclohexylTV-cyclohexylTV-cyclohexylTV-cyclohexylTV-cyclohexylTV-cyclohexylTV-cyclohexylTV-cyclohexylTV-cyclohexylTV-cyclohexylTV-cyclohexylTV-cyclohexylTV-ethyl-a-chloroTV-ethyl-a-chloroTV-hexylTV-hexyliV-hydroxymethylTV-hydroxymethylTV-methyl-a-chloroTV-methyl-a-chloroTV-octadecylTV-octadecylTV-phenylTV-phenylTV-phenylTV-phenylTV-phenyl-
Maleimide, TV-phenyl-
Monomer 2
T1
95%
Styrene
Vinyl chloride
Styrene
Acrylate, methyl
Styrene
Maleimide, TV-benzyl
Maleimide, TV-phenyl-
0.064
0.049
0.34
4.49
0.029
0.019
0.14
0.05
0.11
0
0.848
0.79
0.189
0.061
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.145
0.031
Y
Y
0.34
0.158
0.078
0.16
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.221
0.261
0.556
0.112
0.83
0.022
0.564
0.107
0.64
0.94
0.59
0.29
0.474
0.798
0.048
0.117
0.048
0.16
0.06
0.06
0.05
0.087
0.141
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
973
973
992
306
973
973
644
974
974
974
1089
1089
0.348
1.08
0.743
0.582
0.044
0.048
0.048
0.359
2.02
0.955
0.972
1.37
0.205
0.095
0.112
0.291
Y
Y
Y
Y
915
915
915
1099
0.258
0.25
0.198
0.143
1099
1099
1055
1055
1003
1089
Styrene
Maleimide, TV-cyclohexyl1.07
Maleimide, TV-phenyl0.683
Styrene
0.035
Maleimide, TV-(L-menthoxycarbonyl0.474
methyl)Methacrylate, methyl
0.03
Styrene
0.013
Styrene
0
-0.1
Styrene
Styrene
60
Vinyl chloride
-12.7
0.24
Acenaphthalene
0.11
Butene, cis-20
Isobutene
0
Itaconate, bis(2-ethylhexyl)
0.34
Itaconate, di-n-butyl
0.21
0.601
Maleimide, TV-a-methylbenzyl0.392
0.19
0.106
Styrene
0.1
Styrene
0.162
Isooctene
0
0.13
Styrene
0
0.1
Styrene
0.09
Styrene
0.06
Vinyl acetate
1.45
0.11
Styrene
0
Acrylonitrile
0.389
Acrylonitrile
0.39
Acrylate, methyl
0.103
Maleic anhydride
1.92
Maleic anhydride
1.08
Maleimide, TV-(L-menthoxycarbonyl0.798
methyl)Maleimide, TV-a-methylbenzyl0.788
0.177
0.177
0.214
0.5
Y
Y
0.087
0.392
0.788
0.056
0.848
0.221
0.23
0.031
0.06
0.16
1.28
0.058
0.42
1.41
0.23
0.021
0.06
0.19
Y
Y
1.13
0.04
0.213
0.177
Y
Y
0.066
0.017
106.2
0.04
0.193
0.214
0.048
0.054
0.03
0.04
0.15
0.16
0.11
0.21
0.03
0.03
0.023
0.023
0.052
11.83
0.13
0.141
0.5
0.02
0.24
0.05
1.35
0.57
3
0.41
0.38
0.34
0.318
1.07
1.31
2.26
0.102
-0.01
0.72
0.53
0.9
1.9
-0.041
-0.035
0.017
0.63
0.63
2.482
2.46
0.554
0.05
0.02
-0.095
0.79
0.04
0.05
0.2
0.069
0.053
0.037
0.34
0.04
0.119
0.115
0.048
Y
Y
Y
0.65
0.106
0.261
Y
Y
Y
348
348
974
115
115
50
305
759
992
1039
995
995
1060
1014
975
1055
1100
348
1100
348
995
974
974
348
348
323
323
974
974
863
915
644
759
341
990
1089
0.683
0.177
1055
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Maleirnide, W-phenylMaleimide, N-phenylMaleimide, N-phenylMaleimide, N-phenylMaleimide, 7V-phenylMaleimide, N-phenylMaleimide, iV-phenylMaleimide, JV-phenylMaleimide, N-phenyl-a-chloroMaleimide, N-phenyl-a-chloroMaleimide, N-propylMaleimido-A^V-dimethylaniline,
4-(2-chlorophenyl)azo
Mesaconate, dibenzyl
Mesaconate, di-seobutyldithiol
Mesaconate, diamyl
Mesaconate, dibenzyldithiol
Mesaconate, dibutyl
Mesaconate, dibutyldithiol
Mesaconate, dicyclohexyl
Mesaconate, diethyl
Mesaconate, diethyldithiol
Mesaconate, dihexyl
Mesaconate, diisoamyl
Mesaconate, diisobutyl
Mesaconate, diisobutyldithiol
Mesaconate, diisopropyl
Mesaconate, diisopropyldithiol
Mesaconate, dimethyl
Mesaconate, dimethyldithiol
Mesaconate, dioctyl
Mesaconate, diphenyl
Mesaconate, diphenyldithiol
Mesaconate, dipropyl
Mesaconate, dipropyldithiol
Mesaconic acid
Methacryl-2'-ethyl-4,5J-trinitro9-fluorenone-2-carboxylate
Methacrylamide
Methacrylamide
Methacrylamide
Methacrylamide
Methacrylamide
Methacrylamide
Methacrylamide
Methacrylamide
Methacrylamide
Methacrylamide
Methacrylamide, 1-deoxy-D-glucitol
Methacrylamide, AK2-hydroxypropyl)Methacrylamide, A^-(4/-nitro-4-stilbenyl)Methacrylamide, iV-(4-stilbenyl)Methacrylamide, N-(p-chloroprienyl)Methacrylamide, N-(/?-methoxyphenyl)Methacrylamide, Af-(/?-methyrphenyl)Methacrylamide, 7V-(/?-nitrophenyl)Methacrylamide, A^-[4-(4-methoxyphenylacetyloxy)phenyl]Methacrylamide, iV-methoxymethylMethacrylamide, Af-/?-bromophenylMethacrylamide, N-p-tolylMethacrylamide, N-phenyl
Methacrylamide, N-phenylMethacrylamide, N-phenyl-
Monomer 2
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Styrene
Vinyl chloride
Styrene
rx
0.3
0.164
0.3
0.044
0.01
1.284
4.01
0.077
- 0.002
2.38
0.04
0.065
0.017
0.046
0.18
0.098
0.073
0.16
r2
0.98
1.014
0.91
0.016
0.07
-0.003
0.023
0.657
0.087
0.06
0.05
Conv.
0.06
0.004
N
Y
0.006
0.026
0.083
0.04
0.05
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Refs.
323
328
992
1026
328
992
328
306
973
973
305
747
0.593
0.7
0.627
0.559
0.549
2.34
0.29
0.047
0.23
0.051
0.048
0.06
1.07
1.474
1.842
0.399
0.337
0.336
0.37
1.47
0.05
0.062
0.019
0.019
0.026
0.14
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
342
342
352
352
352
352
1051
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Acrylonitrile
Methacrylate,
0.265
0.38
0.78
0.28
0.71
0.56
0.009
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.19
0.12
1.678
3.48
1.43
1.95
0.381
1.42
0.048
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.085
0.096
227
968
968
968
352
352
methyl
1.27
0.425
0.49
0.33
1.28
0.2
0.48
1.24
3
1.72
0.56
1.01
0.014
0.24
0.085
0.25
0.014
0.2
0.38
0.18
0.26
0.09
0.73
0.45
1.27
0.28
1.28
0.41
1.25
1.24
0.4
1.51
1.34
1.29
0.41
1.31
0.44
0.98
0.35
1.23
0.45
0.16
1.22
0.39
1.6
0.63
95%
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Methacrylate, AT-(2-hydroxyethyl)carbazolyl
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl acetate
Acrylamide, AH2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl)Methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
0.08
0.02
0.02
0.06
0.05
0.05
0.1
0.06
0.03
0.1
0.07
0.1
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.04
0.07
0.01
0.07
0.15
0.05
0.06
0
0.382
95%
1.57
1.39
1.65
2.73
1.55
2.006
1.4
1.42
0.25
0.28
0.16
0.95
0.041
0.11
0.074
N
Y
0.28
0.09
0.13
0.17
0.12
0.24
Y
N
N
Y
Y
0.09
Y
Y
658
624
658
624
658
624
658
658
624
658
658
658
624
658
624
658
624
658
658
624
658
624
1021
703
316
54
55
190
527
55
316
316
609
609
258
965
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Methacrylamide, N-phenylMethacrylamide, 1-deoxy-D-glucitol
Methacrylamide, Af-/?-nitrophenylMethacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl
Methacrylate, octyl
Methacrylate, potassium 18-crown6-ether
Methacrylate, tert-butyl
Methacrylate, (-)-menthyl
Methacrylate, (2,2-dimethyl1,3-dioxolane-4-yl)methyl
Methacrylate, 1,1-diphenylethyl
Methacrylate, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl4-piperidinyl
Methacrylate, 2,2-dimethylaminoethyl
Methacrylate, 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl
Methacrylate, 2,4-dinitrophenyl ethyl
Methacrylate, 2,6-(diphenyl)phenyl
Methacrylate, 2-(2-carboxybenzoyloxy)ethyl
Methacrylate, 2-(N,Ar-dimethylcarbamoyloxy)ethyl
Methacrylate, 2-(AW-dimethylcarbamoyloxy)ethyl
Methacrylate, 2-(N,N-dimethylcarbamoyloxy)ethyl
Methacrylate, 2-(AW-dimethyl
carbamoyloxy)ethyl
Methacrylate, 2-(N,AT-dimethylcarbamoyloxy)ethyl
Methacrylate, 2-acetoxyethyl
Methacrylate, 2-acetylsalicylicoyloxy3-hydroxypropyl
Methacrylate, 2-chloro-2,3,3,3-fluoropropyl
Monomer 2
rx
95%
Styrene
Styrene
Maleic anhydride
Pyrrolidone, Af-vinylMethacrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
0.88
0.04
0.005
0.29
0.083
0.33
2.57
0.61
0.175
0.17
Acenaphthalene
0.98
0.316
1.1
0.22
0.085
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Acrylonitrile
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
0.77
1.8
1.68
2.62
1.52
14
0.2
0.006
0.65
2.77
0.05
0.018
0.73
0.38
0.47
r2
95%
Conv.
1.24
4.2
2.09
5.05
4.56
0.24
0.073
0.75
0.07
0.06
0.2
0.18
0.28
0.096
0.04
0.006
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
1.18
2.48
0.9
0.11
0.55
Y
Y
0.14
0.078
0.084
Y
Y
Y
0.72
0.77
0.809
0.851
0.61
0.02
Refs.
352
258
258
968
708
325
325
44
808
179
645
807
761
752
752
752
761
664
0.3
0.63
664
13.7
0.2
664
0.41
664
Vinyl methyl ketone
0.53
Acrylate, methyl
Methacrylate glycidyl
Styrene
Acrylate, AK2-hydroxyethyl)-oxy)
3,6-dichloro
Methyacrylate, A^-(2-hydroxyethyl)3,6-dichloro
Methacrylate, butyl
1.01
2.81
0.78
0.97
0.28
0.54
0.42
0.34
0.81
0.83
0.41
0.02
1.207
0.032
0.115
0.029
Y
Y
1.112
0.026
0.126
0.026
0.071
0.85
0.004
1.42
0.75
0.06
Methacrylate, butyl
0.85
0.75
1041
Acrylate, butyl
1.89
0.47
600
Acrylate, methyl
1.32
0.22
600
Acrylonitrile
1.89
0.38
600
Butadiene
0.35
1.06
600
0.42
0.59
600
Styrene
Af-Vinylpyrrolidone
0.99
1.12
0.58
0.85
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylonitrile
Vinyl butyl ether
Acrylate, butyl
2.7
2.38
1.18
2.44
0.41
13.7
0.221
0.02
0.06
0.04
0.636
1.02
0.94
0.44
0.34
0.37
0.31
0.79
0.02
0.32
0
0.079
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.304
691
787
787
787
787
744
736
1079
1009
N
N
N
346
346
346
1080
657
657
657
657
657
657
927
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Methacrylate,
propyl
Methacrylate,
propyl
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Monomer 2
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.583
1.17
0.984
0.395
927
2-chloro-2,3,3,3-fluoro-
Styrene
0.243
0.15
0.121
0.068
927
2-chloroethyl
2-chloroethyl
2-chloroethyl
2-chloroethyl
2-chloroethyl
2-chloroethyl
2-chloroethyl
2-chloroethyl
2-chloroethyl
2-chloroethyl
2-chloroethyl
2-chloroethyl
2-chloroethyl
2-ethylhexyl
2-hydroxyethyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, tert-buiy\
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Methacrylate, tributyltin
Acetamide, 7V-(4-methacryloyloxyphenyl)-2-(4-methoxy)
Acetanilide, 4-(2-(methacryloyloxy)
ethyloxy)
Acetanilide, 4-(2-(methacryloyloxy)
hexyloxy)
Acetanilide, 4-(methacryloyloxy)Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamido, 2-,2-methylpropanesulfonic
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, furfuryl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Acryloxymethylpentamethyl disiloxane
Methacrylamide, AK4'-nitro-4-stilbenyl)Methacrylamide, J/V-(4-stilbenyl)Methacrylamide, Af-[4-(4-methoxyphenylacetyloxy )phenyl] Methacrylate, 2-acetoxyethyl
Methacrylate, dodecyl
Methacryloxymethylpentamethyl
disiloxane
Pyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 3-vinylPyridine, 4-vinylPyrrolidone, N-vinylStyrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylamido, 2-, 2-methylpropanesulfonic
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
2.19
1.3
0.989
0.82
0.85
0.97
0.48
1.02
1.18
0.341
0.34
0.23
0.53
0.083
0.61
2-hydroxyethyl
2-hydroxyethyl
2-hydroxyethyl
2-hydroxyethyl
2-hydroxyethyl
2-hydroxyethyl
2-hydroxyethyl
2-hydroxyethyl
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
95%
2-chloro-2,3,3,3-fluoro-
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
T1
2-hydroxypropyl
2-hydroxypropyl
2-hydroxypropyl
2-hydroxypropyl
0.098
0.041
0.14
0.18
0.21
0.11
0.075
0.08
0.16
0.006
0.29
0.14
1.068
1.086
1.014
1.156
0.55
0.785
0.98
0.35
0.345
0.42
0.2
4.56
1.49
0.042
0.02
0.064
0.082
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.083
0.22
0.046
0.048
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.444
0.18
N
Y
726
382
179
179
179
179
382
179
179
179
179
382
945
692
1051
1.39
0.67
1096
1.19
0.87
1096
0.78
1.89
0.98
0.86
4.75
11.21
1.35
8.67
1
0.86
0.55
1.474
1.842
1.47
1.94
0.05
0.14
0.9
0.09
0.189
0.88
- 0.005
0.2
0.52
1.82
0.593
0.7
0.29
1096
689
928
618
358
358
1063
358
689
822
686
342
342
1051
1.02
11.2
1.6
0.8
0.63
0.81
1.5
0.97
0.56
0.69
0.62
4.841
0.54
0.856
0.65
1.65
0.53
0.59
1.65
0.89
5.35
3.3
13.32
9.08
4.2
0.43
0.08
8.28
0.05
0.062
0.01
0.076
1.02
0.04
0.01
0.04
0.133
0.03
0.018
0.32
6.82
1.05
3.95
0.11
0.008
0.19
0.036
0.047
0.23
Y
Y
0.02
0.01
0.09
Y
Y
0.64
0.73
0.9
-0.019
0.44
0.332
0.57
0.5
0.59
0.53
0.5
1.03
0.16
0.04
0.09
0.046
0.02
0.006
N
N
N
Y
N
Y
342
342
342
840
346
350
463
878
878
903
903
618
0.171
0.24
0.273
0.207
0.041
0.16
0.054
0.045
Y
Y
Y
Y
333
662
333
662
0.99
0.7
0.5
0.8
0.824
0.192
0.75
0.33
Y
Y
346
837
837
837
350
358
710
822
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Methacryiate, 2-naphthyl
Methacrylate, 2-naphthyl-, methyl
Methacrylate, 2-sulfonic acid)ethyl
Methacrylate, 2-methoxyethyl
Methacrylate, 3-methoxy-2-hydroxypropyl
Methacrylate, 5-oxo-pyrrolidinylmethyl
Methacrylate, p-(2-benzothiazolylthio)
ethyl
Methacrylate, A^-(2-hydroxyethyl)3,6-dichlorocarbazolyl
Methacrylate, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)carbazolyl
Methacrylate, JV-(2-hydroxyethyl)carbazolyl
Methacrylate, A^-(2-hydroxyethyl)carbazolyl
Methacrylate, iV-ot-benzothiazolonylmethyl
Methacrylate, iV-ethyl3-hydroxymethylcarbazolyl
Methacrylate, N-ethyl-3hydroxymethylcarbazolyl
Methacrylate, Af-methyl-N-phenyl2-aminoethyl
Methacrylate, A^-methyl-A^-phenyl2-aminoethyl
Methacrylate, N-methyl-N-phenyl2-aminoethyl
Monomer 2
T1
95%
Acrylate, methyl
Acryloyl chloride
Methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl
Methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Methacrylate, 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylate, ethyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Styrene
Vinylidene chloride
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Vinyl chloride
Acrylamide
Styrene
Vinyl chloride
7.335
1.79
4.56
4.56
1.82
2.35
2.35
1.878
1.844
1.055
1.81
0.31
1.17
1.02
0.76
0.64
0.52
0.59
0.223
0.189
0.083
0.85
2.57
2.53
1.91
4.41
3.83
0.534
0.113
0.321
0.576
0.216
3.2
2
0.6
3.6
0.48
1.3
0.45
0.63
1.85
3.98
0.694
0.411
0.26
0.34
0.48
0.27
0.6
0.76
0.57
0.099
0.126
0.098
0.477
0.422
0.126
Acryl-2/-ethyl-4,5,7-trinitroflourenone
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.013
0.29
0.083
0.083
0.55
0.158
0.158
0.245
0.267
0.402
0.728
0.99
0.15
0.094
0.06
-0.01
0.31
0.36
0.135
0.04
0.007
0.006
0.006
Y
Y
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.005
0.017
0.517
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
0.2
0.099
0.1
0.16
0.42
0.21
0.028
0.11
0.75
0.602
0.581
0.532
0.614
0.623
0.56
0.786
0.486
0.61
0.384
0.3
1
0.37
0.22
0.46
0.19
0.68
0.89
0.21
0.04
0.421
0.342
0.64
0.16
0.059
0.023
0.055
0.051
0.048
0.025
0.16
0.117
0.195
0.225
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.01
0.04
0.14
0.04
N
N
N
N
0.033
0.013
Y
Y
0.026
1.112
0.026
736
0.773
0.096
0.102
0.022
703
0.243
0.034
0.186
0.009
716
Methacryl-2/-ethyl-4,5,7-trinitro9-fluorenone
Acryloyl-p-hydroxyethyl3,5-dinitrobenzoate
Methacryloyl-P-hydroxyethyl3,5-dinitrobenzoate
0.63
0.041
0.382
0.014
703
0.6
1.425
0.02
0.09
0.5
0.103
0.01
0.015
887
701
0.729
0.051
0.554
0.019
701
0.22
0.03
1.82
0.2
651
Methacrylic acid
0.2
0.01
2.16
0.18
651
Methacryloyloxy, 2-,benzoate, methyl
0.55
0.04
1.11
0.18
651
0.18
0.18
0.13
0.13
0.056
0.039
0.04
0.275
0.2
0.19
0.18
0.24
0.16
0.14
0.02
0.055
0.23
0.16
0.21
8.87
0.087
0.033
333
649
692
708
686
692
708
692
708
333
945
886
611
611
611
611
613
613
613
613
744
540
760
760
760
760
760
540
924
924
924
924
564
564
564
564
918
335
335
335
335
689
633
633
741
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Monomer 2
Methacrylate, N-methyl-Ar-phenyl2-aminoethyl
Methacrylate, A^-methyl-A^-phenyl2-aminoethyl
Methacrylate, a,a-dimethylbenzyl
Methacrylate, oc-naphthoyloxy-, ethyl
Methacrylate, acetonyl
Methacrylate, allyl
Methacrylate, amyl
Methacrylate, benzylmethylaminoethyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
butyl
butyl
butyl
butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, chloromethyl
rx
95%
r2
95%
Conv.
Methacryloyloxy, 2-,benzoic acid
0.2
0.01
2.6
0.08
651
Styrene
0.58
0.02
0.44
0.04
651
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Allyl chloride
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinylidene chloride
Acetylene, phenylAcrylate, butyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylic acid
Carbamate, Af-phenyl-, allyl
Methacrylate, ethyleneglycolAf-phenylcarbamate
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene, o-chloroStyrene, p-chloroStyrene p-chloroStyrene chloromethylStyrene/?-octylamine sulfonate
Thioindigoid
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Styrene
0.92
0.242
0.505
1.08
0.46
0.96
58.7
- 0.075
1.068
1.112
1.05
1.38
0.67
0.658
0.467
0.51
0.42
0.3
0.5
3.3
0.296
1.7
2.2
2.43
3.53
0.85
0.98
0.418
0.75
0.018
0.115
0.2
0.1
0.088
0.042
0.093
0.06
0.084
0.048
0.38
0.123
0.39
0.42
0.2
0.75
0.372
0.989
0.808
0.93
0.78
1.42
0.463
0.435
0.45
0.48
0.8
0.45
0.34
0.523
0.21
0.3
0.22
0.24
0.13
0.291
0.329
0.85
0.043
0.041
0.11
0.1
Y
N
0.093
0.098
0.03
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.09
0.041
0.026
N
Y
Y
0.32
0.134
0.17
0.21
Y
N
0.039
0.85
1.086
0.158
0.158
0.395
0.02
0.007
0.007
0.85
2.11
1.2
1.26
1.15
0.75
0.31
2.52
0.47
0.64
0.64
0.59
0.32
0.03
0.08
0.564
0.38
0.7
11.5
30.18
13.5
2.07
1.02
0.298
0.81
0.216
0.285
0.038
0.52
0.2
0.02
0.12
0.12
0.07
0.2
1.1
0.1
0.131
14.47
0.18
0.16
0.03
0.82
2.35
2.35
0.299
0.94
0.52
1.27
0.8
0.73
0.56
0.56
-0.05
0.52
0.63
0.54
0.74
1.24
1.025
1.46
1.5
0.5
-0.003
0.05
0.35
0.477
0.208
Refs.
761
1102
958
940
179
23
438
720
720
179
111
32
540
32
111
179
487
540
602
806
432
1081
565
187
690
187
733
165
833
1009
1041
0.041
0.13
0.13
Y
Y
Y
179
692
708
833
0.06
0.07
N
N
0.16
0.2
0.15
0.12
1.09
N
N
N
Y
N
0.1
0.124
0.15
0.03
0.029
0.006
Y
Y
Y
224
30
844
187
224
44
179
43
463
530
530
835
558
872
966
1035
817
1007
165
519
3
712
712
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
titanate
Methacrylate,
titanate
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Monomer 2
T1
cyanomethyl
cyanomethyl
cyclohexyl
cyclohexyl
decyl
di-, di-n-butylstannyl
di-, di-rc-butylstannyl
di-, zinc
di-, dicyclopentadienyl-
Styrene
Styrene
Oxazolidone, TV-vinylMaleic anhydride
Vinyl acetate
Ethylene
0.73
0.28
0.891
0.57
12.19
0.012
0.013
40
0.89
di-, dicyclopentadienyl-
0.65
di-, ethylene glycol

di-, triethyleneglycol
di-, triethyleneglycol
Styrene
Carbamate, N-phenyl-, allyl
Methacrylate, ethylene-glycol
Af-phenylcarbamate
Methacrylic acid
Acrylamide
Styrene
Allyl acetate
Allyl alcohol
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene, o-chloroStyrene, p-chloromethylVinyl acetate
Vinylidene chloride
Methacrylate, butyl
0.67
0.504
0.59
Methacrylate, diethylaminoethyl
Methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl sulfate
Methacrylate, diphenylmethyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylate, furfuryl
Methacrylate, di-, triethyleneglycol

Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
N-Vinylpyrrolidone
Acrylate, 4-acetylphenyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, isobutyl
Acrylate, tert-butyl
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Methacrylate, butyl
1.44
2.34
1.2
1.9
0.5
0.8
0.7
1.07
0.3
81.27
107.4
1
0.245
0.267
1.08
1
0.601
0.71
0.83
0.36
0.26
0.29
0.33
0.45
0.36
131.8
2.18
0.299
95%
0.11
0.041
0.136
0.28
1.35
0.016
0.036
0.399
0.144
0.395
0.586
-0.052
0.024
0.013
0.19
1.09
95%
0.019
0.011
0.428
0.088
0.049
0.008
0.018
Conv.
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.95
0.08
0.085
1.59
0.154
0.2
0.1
1.93
5.3
0.007
0.005
0.09
0.123
0.05
0.12
29.8
0.1
0.24
0.042
0.82
-0.01
0.01
1.52
5.16
2.41
0.644
2.16
1.24
2.096
0.85
1.32
0.81
0.94
0.52
0.934
r2
0.39
0.034
0.24
0.843
0.63
0.699
0.52
1.6
0.8
11.2
0.81
0.528
-0.57
-0.02
2
1.878
1.844
1.08
1.16
0.299
0.57
0.46
0.55
0.67
0.65
0.55
1.34
1.29
-0.77
0.353
0.395
1.13
0.46
0.13
0.57
0.12
0.443
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.085
1.4
0.15
3.6
0.2
0.0036
0.09
0.292
0.083
0.282
0.463
0.95
0.14
0.78
0.85
0.71
0.726
625
625
945
179
36
954
949
935
876
876
0.15
262
833
833
0.128
1.47
0.051
0.05
Y
Y
Y
0.05
0.82
1.92
Y
N
N
0.056
0.039
Y
Y
N
0.19
0.607
N
N
0.04
0.062
N
Y
5.29
0.02
N
Y
1081
16
1081
1052
837
837
837
761
179
210
210
564
692
708
32
844
87
945
820
44
179
530
530
570
558
1035
210
3
833
0.59
0.085
0.42
0.14
Refs.
833
0.35
0.04
3.63
Y
Y
Y
0.02
0.13
0.141
0.052
0.026
0.079
0.06
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
0.03
0.08
0.042
N
Y
Y
293
325
293
576
293
1050
674
1012
674
674
814
114
433
787
224
113
226
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Monomer 2
glycidyl
glycidyl
glycidyl
glycidyl
glycidyl
glycidyl
glycidyl
glycidyl
glycidyl
glycidyl
glycidyl
glycidyl
glycidyl
glycidyl
hexyl
hydroxyethyl
Methacrylate, hydroxyethyl
Methacrylate, iso-butyl
Methacrylte, isobornyl
Methacrylate, m-chlorophenyl
Methacrylate, m-nitrophenyl
Methacrylate, methoxymethyl
rx
1.05
0.501
Methacrylic acid
1.2
Af-Vinylpyrrolidone
4.29
Styrene
0.16
Styrene
0.539
Styrene
0.46
Styrene
0.54
Styrene
0.55
Styrene
0.74
Styrene
0.73
Styrene
0.514
Vinyl phenyl ketone
0.719
Vinyl, mono-, ethylene glycol ether
4.41
Styrene
0.44
Methacrylate, tetra(2-hydroxypropyl)
0.606
ethylenediamine
2.33
Butadiene, 2-chloro0.9
Styrene
0.24
Acetylene, phenyl1.9
Acrylic acid
0.68
Acrylonitrile
1.05
0.105
1.014
1.88
1.2
0.488
Methacrylic acid
0.47
Methacrylonitrile
0.68
Methacrylonitrile
0.94
Styrene
0.271
Styrene
0.58
Styrene
0.42
Styrene
0.4
Styrene
0.74
Vinyl acetate
29.7
Styrene
0.209
Styrene
0.185
Styrene
0.586
2-Oxazoline, 2-isopropenyl0.69
3-Pyridazone, 2-vinyl
0.63
3-Pyridazone, 2-vinyl-6-methyl0.16
3-Pyridazone, 2-vinyl-6-methyl1.65
4,5-benz-33-Pyridazone, 2-vinyl-6-phenyl0.58
4H-1,3-Oxazinium F 3 CSO 3 , 3-methyl0.37
2-vinyl-5,6-dihydroAcenaphthalene
0.36
Acenaphthalene
0.38
Acenaphthalene
0.44
Acetamide, N-vinyl2.65
Acetylene, phenyl-0.06
Acrolein
1.136
Acrolein
1.33
Acrolein, methyl0.1
Acrylamide
2.34
Acrylamide
3
Acrylamide
2.53
Acrylamide
3
Acrylamide, 2-chloro-AyV-dimethyl2.71
95%
0.027
0.1
0.498
0.03
0.04
0.08
0.1
0.284
0.098
0.13
0.416
0.185
0.088
0.3
0.22
0.044
0.064
0.07
0.029
0.05
0.12
0.036
24.16
0.013
0.054
0.069
0.02
r2
0.8
0.688
0.98
0.003
0.54
0.278
0.47
0.44
0.45
0.31
0.11
0.435
0.697
0
0.58
1.44
0.282
1.8
0.61
0.27
1.03
0.217
0.716
0.85
0.62
0.89
0.92
2.01
0.74
0.43
0.509
0.56
0.5
0.55
0.47
-0.06
0.375
0.44
0.395
0.99
1.56
0.3
0.27
95%
Conv.
0.076
0.16
0.018
0.07
0.086
0.02
Y
N
0.04
0.045
0.033
N
N
Y
0.07
1
Y
Y
0.424
0.06
0.45
N
N
0.037
0.169
0.14
0.08
Y
Y
Y
N
0.15
0.07
0.08
0.014
N
N
Y
0.22
0.05
0.16
0.014
0.07
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
N
0.49
0.31
0.04
0.04
0.16
0.095
0.05
0.4
0.17
0.09
0.45
0.398
1.05
0.99
2.25
0.19
0.71
0.01
1.69
0.2
0.07
0.76
0.59
0.4
2.29
0.53
0.82
0.9
-0.159
Refs.
463
639
224
1017
114
217
225
225
463
849
893
999
946
780
179
996
945
1057
806
565
847
165
1105
179
30
541
639
847
44
44
179
463
463
487
541
165
177
177
821
894
897
897
897
897
909
0.14
0.15
N
N
26.56
0.016
0.12
0.3
Y
Y
N
0.44
0.09
N
N
1.07
0.502
N
Y
326
326
575
984
984
984
357
443
732
291
292
589
314
314
314
691
917
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Monomer 2
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
Acrylamide, N,N-dimethylAcrylamide, AA,A^-dimethylAcrylamide, WV-dimethylAcrylamide, WV-dimethylAcrylamide, N-methylAcrylamide, N-methylolAcrylamide, N-methylol

Acrylamide, N-octadecylAcrylamide, N-tert-butylAcrylamide, a-fluoroAcrylamido, 1-,-1-deoxy-D-glucitol
Acrylate, a-chloro-methyl
Acrylate, 2-(0-ethyl methylphosphonoxy)-, methyl
Acrylate, p-acetoxymethyl-, methyl
Acrylate, a-(0-ethyl methylphosphenoxy)
Acrylate, a-[2,2-bis(carbomethoxy)ethyl]-, methyl
Acrylate, oc-cyano-, methyl
Acrylate, oc-tetrafluoropropyloxymethyl-,
methyl
Acrylate, benzyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, heptyl
Acrylate, isobutyl
Acrylate, isobutyl
Acrylate, m-nitrophenyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, octadecyl
Acrylate, p-bromophenyl
Acrylate, p-chlorophenyl
Acrylate,/?-chlorophenyl
Acrylate, methylphenyl
Acrylate, phenyl
Acrylate, phenyl
Acrylate, a-p-chlorobenzyl-, methyl
Acrylate, a-p-methoxybenzyl-, methyl
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile, a-trifluoromethyl-
rx
1.65
2.15
2.8
2.64
1.14
1.62
1.62
4.119
0.25
2.13
3.75
3.9
0.11
2.9
0.73
2.15
1.19
0.91
0.73
95%
0.16
0.08
0.1
0.15
0.09
0.07
0.136
0.24
0.19
0.09
0.04
0.12
3.7
r2
0.41
0.57
0.59
0.21
0.05
0.7
0.7
0.42
2.83
0.148
0.05
0.09
1.92
0.08
0.44
0.37
0.27
0.24
0.44
95%
Conv.
0.15
0.08
0.09
0.21
0.72
N
N
N
N
N
0.11
0.081
0.09
0.01
0.08
Y
N
N
N
0.25
0.04
0.04
1.65
2.36
0.31
0.21
0.068
1.26
1.13
0.21
0.3
1.43
0.12
0.23
0.24
0.02
0.014
0.17
0.038
1.8
3.2
2.3
2.23
0.92
2.86
1.88
1.83
2
2.04
2.8
1.387
2.51
1.04
4.1
0.928
2.15
1.25
2.477
0.926
1.01
1.09
1.45
1.56
1.54
1.87
1.71
0.418
0.37
1.322
1.11
0.23
0.5
0.2
0.14
0.2
0.32
0.4
0.28
0.19
0.072
0.13
0.08
0.5
0.248
0.04
0.024
0.056
0.132
0.275
0.14
0.222
0.109
0.02
0.05
0.12
Refs.
170
315
315
691
691
593
596
290
709
823
258
610
31
293
882
790
234
1091
851
1092
0.608
0.173
1.13
0.03
0.135
1.34
0.755
0
0
0.61
0.02
0.022
0.19
0.01
0.016
0.062
0.061
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
N
Y
244
610
6
141
182
1027
1048
141
49
1047
-0.17
0
0.1
0.19
0.13
0.11
0.43
0.47
0.28
0.22
0.024
0.177
0.46
0.29
0.135
1.04
0.4
0.4
0.464
0.191
0.235
0.3
0.223
0.45
0.416
0.255
0.13
1.73
0.11
0.138
-0.016
0.18
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.15
0.018
0.07
Y
N
N
Y
N
Y
N
0.05
0.064
0.084
0.02
0.04
0.02
0.135
0.12
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
N
0.07
0.014
0.023
Y
Y
Y
0.036
0.041
0.034
0.008
0.096
Y
Y
Y
N
0.037
0.048
Y
Y
681
825
825
277
30
639
87
30
469
87
293
206
980
30
639
1074
324
621
290
1074
1074
621
1074
621
672
905
905
964
733
216
681
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Monomer 2
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
Acrylonitrile, a-perfluoropropylAcryloyl chloride

Acryloyl chloride
Allyl acetate
Allyl acetate
Allyl alcohol
Allyl chloride
Benzocyclobutane, a-methyleneBenzocyclobutene, 4-vinylBenzofuran, 2-vinylBenzophenone, 2-hydroxy4-(methacryloxy)Benzothiazole, vinylmercaptoBicyclo[2,2,l]hept-2-ene5,6-dicarboximide, TV-benzyl
Bicyclo[2,2,l]hept-2-ene5,6-dicarboximide, TV-benzyl
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene, 2,3-dichloroButadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-fluoroCarbamate, TV-vinyl-f-butylCarbazole, TV-vinylCarbazole, TV-vinylCarbazole, TV-vinylCarbazole, TV-vinylCarbazole, TV-vinylCarbazole, TV-vinylCarbazole, TV-vinylCitraconimide, TV-(4-acetoxyphenyl)Citraconimide, TV-(4-chlorophenyl)Citraconimide, TV-(4-ethoxycarbonylphenyl)Citraconimide, TV-(4-methoxyphenyl)Citraconimide,
TV-( 1 -menthylcarboxylatomethyl)Citraconimide, TV-benzylCitraconimide, TV-butylCitraconimide, TV-ethylCitraconimide, TV-hexylCitraconimide, TV-isobutylCitraconimide, TV-isopropylCitraconimide, TV-methyl
Citraconimide, TV-phenyl
Citraconimide, Af-propyl
Citraconimide, N-tert-butylCitraconimide, TV-tolylCyclopentene, 4-,-1,3-dione
Cyclopropane, l,l-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)-2-vinylCyclopropane, 1,1-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)-2-vinylDiallyl melamine
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl phthalate
Diallylcyanamide
Diallylcyanamide
Dimethyleneheptanedioate,
2,6-dimethyl
Ditiane, 2-methylene-l,3Ethylene
rx
95%
r2
1.9
0.48
0.42
99.24
23
78.79
0.3
0
1.51
0.05
-2.42
0
-1.62
0.32
0.6
0.006
0.315
1.25
30.5
24.6
6.5
0.02
0.036
0.083
108
0.25
0.027
0.32
0.08
0.08
0.76
1.87
1.55
2.12
1.8
0.57
1.84
0.44
2.123
1.88
2.93
2.72
0.46
1.47
3.89
1.65
0.43
0
95%
Conv.
0.05
37.66
2.9
N
Y
0.617
0.114
N
Y
0.14
Refs.
926
508
776
210
470
210
204
1083
1085
1020
934
763
994
994
0.26
0.22
0.048
0.16
0.4
0.18
0.75
0.504
0.7
11.04
6.33
1.23
0.17
0.14
0.033
0.06
0.75
0.08
0.33
0.031
0.18
-0.01
-0.027
3.16
3.47
0.73
0.335
-0.1
0.109
0.19
0.115
Y
Y
728
950
2.77
2.17
3.25
2.38
1.78
2.7
3.24
3.081
3.23
2.88
2.75
8.11
4.21
0.28
0.56
0.79
0.45
0.85
0.51
0.02
-0.12
-0.04
-0.18
-0.18
0.09
0.15
0.001
-0.03
0.038
0.003
0.094
0.223
0.14
0.36
0.33
0.28
0.42
0.27
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.033
0.43
0.072
0.088
0.017
0.194
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
714
714
714
714
714
714
460
728
714
714
728
95
1076
0.111
0.194
1076
-0.001
0.029
0.076
0.04
0.04
0.53
0.011
0.026
0.006
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.02
201
153
153
153
603
604
795
1031
41
0.004
0.77
0.2
0.16
0.14
0.074
0.98
0.19
0.19
0.38
0.905
18.3
2.5
26.56
22.73
21.52
25
25
2.36
1.98
1.48
0.39
0.08
0.25
1.77
0.1
0.03
0.015
N
Y
0.05
0.18
0.022
0.13
0.18
0.084
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
140
257
467
61
61
174
991
11
13
738
738
758
758
98
728
728
728
0.024
Y
Y
Y
Y
4.12
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Monomer 2
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
rt
Ethylene, chlorotrifluoro51.36
Ethylene, tetrachloroEthylene, trichloro100
Fumarate, diethyl
40.3
Fumarate, diethyl
2.1
23
Fumaronitrile
6.74
0.183
Hexatriene, tetrachloro0.504
Imidazole, 1-vinyl4.36
Imidazole, l-vinyl-2-methyl4
Imidazole, l-vinyl-2-methyl3.48
Isoprene
0.26
Isoprene
0.25
Isoprene
0.25
Isoprene, 3-acetoxy0.16
Isopropenyl acetate
17.36
Isopropenyl, 3-(l-cyclohexenyl), acetate 0.81
3.1
Isopropenyltoluene
0.68
Isopropenyltoluene
0.68
Itaconamate, Af-(4-chlorophenyl)-, ethyl 1.24
Itaconamate, Ar-(4-chlorophenyl)-,
1.26
propyl
1.31
ethyl
Itaconamate, A^-(4-carboethoxyphenyl)1.21
ethyl
Itaconamate, Ar-(4-methylphenyl)-, ethyl 1.43
Itaconamate, iV-(4-methoxyphenyl)-,
1.03
propyl
Itaconamate, A^-(4-methylphenyl)-,
1.11
propyl
Itaconamate, Af-phenyl-, ethyl
1.32
Itaconamate, N-phenyl-, propyl
1.13
Itaconamate, Af-(4-carboethoxyphenyl)1
propyl
Itaconate, dibutyl
1.33
Itaconate, dibutyl
0.8
Itaconate, dimethyl
3.34
Itaconate, dimethyl
1.2
Itaconate, monomethyl
1.1
Itaconic acid
1.23
Itaconic acid
1.14
Itaconic anhydride
0.155
Itaconimide, N-(2-chloroethyl)0
Itaconimide, N-benzyl0.46
Itaconimide, JV-ethyl0.486
Itaconimide, N-methyl0.38
72.7
Maleate, diethyl
341
Maleate, diethyl
20
Maleate, diethyl
285.8
Maleic anhydride
4.18
Maleic anhydride
6.36
Maleic anhydride
0.46
Maleic anhydride
5.2
Maleic anhydride
3.1
Maleic anhydride
3.85
Maleic anhydride
3.4
Maleic anhydride
3.85
Maleimide
2.576
Maleimide
2.5
95%
3.31
0.6
0.79
0.146
0.057
1.86
0.54
0.21
1.95
0.09
0.557
0.071
0.024
0.11
0.18
0.066
0.22
5.93
46
35.9
0.31
0.64
0.69
0.47
0.061
r2
0.09
O
-0.074
0
0.04
0.05
0.17
-0.064
0.867
1.76
0.014
0.047
0.003
0.65
0.64
0.64
2.81
-0.09
0.4
0.14
0.04
0.04
0.36
0.31
95%
Conv.
0.062
Y
Y
0.004
0.096
0.292
0.28
0.03
0.088
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.23
0.12
Refs.
65
901
236
204
470
28
394
1038
191
1105
5
364
364
479
302
698
704
770
100
770
434
688
722
678
678
0.43
678
0.48
678
0.63
0.4
678
678
0.28
678
0.47
0.15
0.53
678
678
678
0.717
0.4
-0.156
0.3
0.139
0
0
1.17
0.54
1.06
0.42
1.12
-0.095
-0.1
0
-0.02
-0.163
-0.019
0.08
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.166
0.17
0.11
0.02
0.103
0.33
0.39
0.75
0.13
0.73
0.199
0.05
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
0.015
0.027
0.026
1.77
0.004
Y
Y
Y
N
N
0.047
1073
398
975
398
1010
260
408
1010
642
642
642
642
987
28
470
873
169
260
320
33
524
524
524
524
251
992
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Monomer 2
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
Maleimide, 2,3-dimethylA^-(2-methacryloyloxyethyl)
Maleimide, A^-(4-hydroxyphenyl)Maleimide, 7V-(2-hydroxyethyl)Maleimide, Af-(2,6-diethylphenyl)Maleimide, 7V-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)Maleimide, AT-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)Maleimide, A^-(2-chlorophenyl)Maleimide, 7V-(2-methylphenyl)Maleimide, Af-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)Maleimide, 7V-(3-methylphenyl)Maleimide, AK3-trifluoromethylphenyl)Maleimide, 7V-(4-carboxyethylphenyl)a-chloroMaleimide, 7V-(4-chlorophenyl)-a-chloroMaleimide, Af-4-methoxyphenyl)a-chloroMaleimide, AK4-methylphenyl)Maleimide, A^-(4-methylphenyl)a-chloroMaleimide, AK|3-chloroethyl)-a-chloroMaleimide, AH (3-chloroethyl)-a-chloroMaleimide, N-[JV'-(a-methylbenzyl)
aminocarbonylpenty 1] Maleimide, TV-benzyl
Maleimide, TV-butyl
Maleimide, 7V-cyclohexyl
Maleimide, N-cyclohexyl
Maleimide, Af-cyclohexyl
Maleimide, AT-ethyl-a-chloroMaleimide, TV-hexylMaleimide, 7V-hydroxymethylMaleimide, 7V-methyl-a-chloroMaleimide, 7V-phenylMaleimide, 7V-phenylMaleimide, Af-phenyl-a-chloroMaleimide, N-phenylMethacrylate, 2-acetoxyethyl
Methacrylate, cyanomethyl
Methacrylamide
Methacrylamide
Methacrylamide
Methacrylamide
Methacrylamide, Af-methoxymethylMethacrylamide, iV-p-bromophenyl~
Methacrylamide, N-p-tolylMethacrylamide, N-phenyl
Methacrylamide, N-phenylMethacrylamide, 1-deoxy-D-glucitol
Methacrylamide, N-/?-nitrophenylMethacrylate, tert-butyl
Methacrylate, a,a-dimethylbenzyl
Methacrylate, (2,2-dimethyl1,3-dioxolane)
Methacrylate, 1,1-diphenylethyl
Methacrylate, 2,2-dimethylaminoethyl
Methacrylate, 2,6-(diphenyl)phenyl
Methacrylate, 2-(Ar,N-dimethylcarbamoyloxy)ethyl
/*i
95%
r2
95%
Conv.
0.51
1.66
1.1
3.58
619
1.392
1.396
4.78
10.9
3.62
2.1
2.22
1.63
1.18
1.57
0.472
0.001
0.089
0.001
0.083
Y
Y
0.114
0.345
0.201
0.05
0.02
0.07
0.1
0.09
0.28
0.22
0.1
-0.004
0.168
323
323
992
992
992
992
992
992
992
992
973
0.562
0.556
0.025
0.145
0.02
0.064
0.03
0.189
Y
Y
973
973
0.83
0.564
0.117
0.34
0.029
0.158
992
973
0.94
0.59
1-37
0.06
0.06
0.291
0.05
0.11
0.582
0.04
0.05
0.359
974
974
1009
1.28
1.41
1.35
1.31
2.26
0.53
1.9
1.745
0.63
0.98
0.91
0.657
1.014
0.94
0.399
0.81
1.57
1.7
1.39
1.65
1.678
3.48
1.43
1.95
1.42
4.2
5.05
0.96
0.81
0.9
0.23
0.19
0.23
0.16
Y
Y
0.048
0.03
0.15
0.026
0.03
0.72
0.77
0.809
0.851
0.61
0.42
0.83
1.42
0.59
0.066
0.04
0.2
0.03
0.34
0.083
0.06
0.02
0.019
0.11
0.04
0.074
0.048
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.096
0.2
0.14
0.078
0.084
0.02
0.06
0.03
-0.1
0.24
0.19
0.106
0.13
0.1
0.263
0.11
0.3
0.3
0.077
0.164
1.12
0.73
1.07
1.27
0.44
0.425
0.49
0.265
0.38
0.78
0.28
0.56
0.04
0.29
1.35
0.92
1.1
0.77
1.8
1.68
2.62
1.52
1.01
0.97
0.071
0.42
Y
Y
0.098
0.065
0.06
0.11
Y
Y
N
Y
0.24
0.06
0.085
N
N
Y
0.009
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.12
0.2
0.73
0.38
0.47
Y
Y
Y
0.54
0.004
Refs.
348
115
992
1100
348
974
348
323
974
323
992
973
328
346
625
761
316
316
54
55
227
968
968
968
352
258
968
761
761
807
761
752
752
752
761
691
787
1079
600
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Monomer 2
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
Methacrylate, 2-phenylethyl
Methacrylate, N-a-benzothiazolonylmethyl
Methacrylate, benzylmethylaminoethyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylate, isopropyl
Methacrylate, methyl diphenylsilyl
Methacrylate, methylthiomethyl
Methacrylate, /?-acetylphenyl
Methacrylate, /?-chlorophenyl
Methacrylate, /?-methoxyphenyl
Methacrylate, /7-tolyl
Methacrylate, propyl
Methacrylate, sulfolanyl
Methacrylate, f-butyl diphenylsilyl
Methacrylate, trimethyltin
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
/*i
0.79
0.984
1.156
0.55
0.824
0.192
0.75
0.402
0.602
0.581
0.532
0.614
0.623
0.75
0.68
0.421
0.5
0.808
0.93
0.78
0.523
0.52
1.27
0.477
0.843
0.699
0.81
1.08
1.16
0.71
0.726
0.8
0.688
0.62
0.92
0.89
0.438
0.639
0.47
0.54
0.72
0.59
0.53
0.58
0.56
0.66
0.55
1.21
1.07
0.897
0.636
0.58
0.62
0.63
0.6
0.63
0.1
0.78
0.31
0.27
0.1
0.78
0.32
95%
0.395
0.082
0.01
0.09
0.017
0.059
0.023
0.055
0.051
0.048
0.16
0.04
0.033
0.01
0.03
0.134
0.07
0.029
0.128
0.051
0.22
0.19
0.08
0.042
0.076
0.08
0.15
0.075
0.057
2.48
0.05
0.014
0.03
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.03
0.02
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
1.17
657
927
0.97
0.48
0.63
0.81
1.5
1.055
2.57
2.53
1.91
4.41
3.83
0.85
0.45
0.694
0.6
0.18
0.076
1.02
Y
Y
0.04
0.48
0.27
0.6
0.76
0.57
0.34
0.16
0.087
0.02
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
1.112
1.05
1.38
0.296
2.11
1.2
1.02
1.44
1.2
0.86
1.08
1
0.52
0.934
1.05
0.501
1.88
0.488
1.2
0.38
1.1
0.67
1.08
1.19
1.28
1.67
1.69
1.72
1.55
0.99
1.24
7.16
0.725
0.396
0.62
0.87
1.07
0.68
0.25
1.06
0.33
0.63
0.46
1.06
0.33
0.63
0.093
0.123
0.08
Y
N
0.16
0.085
0.154
0.12
Y
Y
Y
N
0.09
0.06
0.085
N
Y
Y
0.027
0.07
0.029
Y
N
Y
0.178
0.356
Y
Y
23.7
0.455
0.257
N
Y
Y
1.18
0.583
0.05
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.02
179
382
350
358
710
333
760
760
760
760
760
540
335
633
887
111
32
540
1081
30
844
712
1081
1081
32
844
87
113
226
463
639
30
639
541
1069
920
769
769
769
769
32
32
32
761
769
844
359
1069
1069
1082
1082
1082
1082
1071
1072
1072
1072
1072
1087
1087
1087
TABLE 1.
cont'd
Monomer 1
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Monomer 2
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylophenone, aMethacrylophenone, aMethacryloyl chloride
Methacryloyl fluoride
Methacryloyl isocyanate
Methacryloyloxy-, o-, benzoic acid
Methyleneglutaronitrile, 2Methyleneglutaronitrile, 2Myrcene
AW-divinylaniline
W-Vinylimidazole
N-Vinylpyrrolidone
N-Vinylpyrrolidone
iV-Vinylpyrrolidone
Af-Vinylpyrrolidone
Naphthalene, 1-vinylNorbornadiene
Oxazolidone, N-vinylOxazolidone, Af-vinylOxazoline, 2-,2-isopropenyl
4,4-dimethyl
Oxazoline, 2-,2-isopropenyl
Oxazoline, 2-,4-acryloxymethyl
2,4-dimethyl
Oxazoline, 2-,4-methacryloxy2,4-dimethyl
Pentadiene, trans-1,3Pentenoate, 3-oxo-4-, ethyl
Pentenoate, 3-oxo-4-, ethyl
Pentenoate, 4-methyl-3-oxo-4-, ethyl
Phosphate, 2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl diethyl
/*i
95%
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.87
1.81
0.56
0.29
1.28
0.77
0.36
1.18
0.55
0.209
1.25
0.48
0.22
1.79
1.74
0.45
0.45
0.405
0.53
0.75
0.908
0.6
1.36
1.27
0.256
1.06
4.306
4.78
5.93
2.07
4.04
0.321
14.68
6.75
9.46
0.53
0.05
0.16
0.23
0.04
0.1
0.05
0.08
2.16
1.63
0.99
1.18
0.48
1.84
1.38
0.63
1.55
1.26
0.78
0.68
1.58
0.11
0.119
0.2
0.2
0.43
0.9
0.35
1.37
1.67
0.12
0.12
0.448
0.005
0.663
0.006
0.014
0.027
0.066
0.574
- 0.5
0.04
0.027
0.82
0.28
6.25
0.55
0.19
0.1
0.24
0.27
N
N
Y
N
N
N
N
0.2
0.06
0.02
0.009
N
N
Y
0.12
0.16
Y
N
0.64
0.74
0.06
0.018
0.104
2.29
0.899
0.062
3.96
0.073
0.52
0.13
0.008
Y
Y
Y
203
210
216
276
276
312
313
313
424
54
630
819
275
798
798
591
593
617
660
944
938
746
196
196
1062
45
879
1084
1084
1084
1084
967
267
102
36
596
0.05
0.02
0.07
0.22
0.037
0.06
0.252
0.28
0.013
0.18
0.185
0.236
0.198
0.247
0.956
0.096
16.78
0.37
0.39
N
Y
Y
0.69
0.41
0.99
0.11
862
596
1.17
0.19
596
0.404
0.555
0.424
0.591
0.443
0.34
0.57
0.606
0.269
0.715
0.528
0.597
0.38
0.513
0.43
0.474
0.581
0.616
0.663
0.528
2.37
2.23
1.87
0.038
0.032
0.022
0.046
0.032
0.031
0.023
0.045
0.027
0.048
0.02
0.03
0.034
0.022
0.034
0.023
0.025
0.024
0.023
0.02
0.046
0.047
0.086
0.379
3.39
2.02
3.06
1.67
1.24
1.72
1.69
0.72
1.55
1.09
2.56
0.748
1.14
0.952
1.67
1.04
1.05
0.725
1.09
0.486
0.521
0.946
0.013
0.263
0.141
0.349
0.183
0.168
0.123
0.236
0.12
0.224
0.09
0.218
0.155
0.109
0.164
0.143
0.111
0.108
0.08
0.09
0.088
0.138
0.436
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
1058
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
971
971
971
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Monomer 2
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl

Phosphonate, a-bromovinyl-,diethyl
Phosphonate, a-carboethoxyvinyl-,
diethyl
Phosphonate, a-carbomethoxyvinyl-,
diethyl
Phosphonate, isopropenyl-, dimethyl
Phosphonate, vinyl-, diethyl
Phosphonic acid, a-phenylvinylPhthalimide,-N-)methacryloyloxy)Pinene, aPropene, 2,3-dichloroPropene, 2-chloro-3-hydroxyPropenyl, 2-chloro-, acetate
Propenyl, 2-methyl, acetate
Pyridazinone, 3-(2-vinyl)-6-methyl-4,5Pyridazinone 3-(2-vinyl)-6-methylPyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinyl-5-ethylPyridine, 4-vinylPyridine, 4-vinylPyrrolidone, l-benzyl-3-methylene5-methyl
Pyrrolidone, N-vinylPyrrolidone, N-vinylPyrrolidone, A^-vinylPyrrolidone, N-vinylPyrrolidone, Af-vinylPyrrolidone, a-methylene-AT-methylSilane, y-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxyStyrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
rx
1.97
2.1
2.56
2.04
1.25
1
95%
0.01
684
30
29.9
11.1
1.362
0.69
10
6.02
4.4
1
10
1.19
0.86
0.42
0.42
0.4
0.35
0.31
0.27
0.39
0.57
0.54
0.387
0.2
0.26
684
410
684
131
979
48
11
445
445
470
340
340
232
231
532
6
623
749
231
231
691
33
0.04
0.02
0.09
0.02
0.19
0.04
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.07
0.3
0.34
0.61
0.61
0.058
0.082
0.13
0.085
0.029
0.011
0.01
N
N
N
N
Refs.
4.7
1.66
0.248
0.097
0.226
0.052
Conv.
0.05
0.04
0.084
0.048
1.16
0.42
0.258
0.0701
95%
971
971
971
971
684
684
5.62
4.63
4.36
4.04
0.577
0.788
0.5
0.46
0.46
0.42
0.45
0.46
0.47
0.48
0.5
0.22
0.32
0.418
0.54
0.478
0.45
0.45
0.49
0.47
0.48
0.46
0.42
0.5
0.46
0.44
0.49
0.49
0.029
0.045
0.094
0.012
0.04
r2
-0.063
1.45
0.08
0.18
0
0
0
0.08
0.56
0.54
0.73
0.86
0.76
0.64
1.1
0.68
0.77
0.99
2.28
0.077
0.151
Y
Y
0.1
0.03
0.04
0.19
0.06
N
N
N
N
0.12
0.08
0.06
0.07
0.18
0.47
N
N
N
N
Y
- 0.05
-0.032
-0.052
0.01
0.24
2.06
0.5
0.52
0.52
0.48
0.52
0.49
0.45
0.58
0.44
0.396
0.42
0.49
0.564
0.585
0.44
0.47
0.54
0.52
0.38
0.52
0.54
0.44
0.52
0.5
0.56
0.53
0.08
0.068
0.028
0.15
0.14
0.309
Y
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
0.048
0.14
0.047
0.007
0.08
Y
Y
Y
N
213
320
321
36
691
641
977
138
139
179
20
21
21
21
21
21
241
241
254
254
287
324
324
403
416
451
463
492
492
505
531
531
534
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Methacrylate,
Monomer 2
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
methyl
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene, 2,4,6-trimethylStyrene, 2,4,6-trimethylStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, 2,6-dichloroStyrene, 3-methyl
Styrene, 3-methyl
Styrene, 3-methyl
Styrene, 3-tri-rc-butylstannylStyrene, 4-methylStyrene, a-methoxyStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, m-bromoStyrene, m-chloroStyrene, m-methylStyrene, m-nitroStyrene, /?-chloroStyrene, o-chloroStyrene, /?-l-(2-hydroxypropyl)Styrene, p-JVyV-dimethylaminoStyrene, p-bromoStyrene, /?-chloroStyrene, p-chloroStyrene, /7-chloroStyrene, /?-chloromethylStyrene,/?-cyanoStyrene, /?-methoxyStyrene, p-methylStyrene,/7-octylamine sulfonate
Styrene, p-tert-buty\Styrene, pentachloroSuccinamete, potassium N-vinylSuccinimide, TV-vinylSuccinimide, N-vinylTetrazole, 1-VinylTetrazole, 2-methyl-5-vinylTetrazole, 2-phenyl-5(4/-vinyl) phenylThiophene, 3-vinyl
Thioxanthone, 2-(acryloyloxy)Toluenesulfonamide, Af,N-methylvinylTriallyl cyanurate
Triallyl isocyanurate
Triazole, 1,2,3-, 1-p-bromophenyl4-vinyl
Triazole, 1,2,3-, 4(5)-vinylUrea, TV-vinyl-AT'-ethyl-
r\
0.409
0.504
0.611
0.59
0.6
0.63
0.58
0.64
0.41
0.454
0.464
0.422
0.41
0.314
1.511
1.45
0.44
1.98
0.48
0.38
0.41
0.69
0.345
2.5
0.48
0.55
0.55
0.5
0.42
0.47
0.48
0.512
0.35
0.5
0.46
0.26
0.204
0.4
0.334
0.42
0.43
0.408
0.22
0.29
0.4
0.6
0.44
3.65
1.1
9.94
0.01
7.13
1.026
0.7
0.563
1.36
1.87
95%
0.02
0.026
0.028
0.072
0.16
0.13
0.16
0.04
0.03
0.04
0.008
0.39
0.02
0.036
0.11
r2
0.485
0.48
0.371
0.62
0.52
0.5
0.55
0.55
0.41
0.472
0.497
0.432
0.57
0.275
0.083
-0.01
2.66
-0.15
0.53
0.36
0.51
0.03
0.46
- 0.02
0.27
0.51
0.6
0.14
0.22
0.48
1.17
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.052
0.059
0.055
Y
Y
Y
0.045
0.11
0.38
0.27
0.04
0.06
0.05
Y
Y
Y
N
0.022
0.04
0.07
Y
N
N
0.02
0.32
Y
Y
Y
0.016
0.12
0.15
0.05
0.12
0.026
0.096
0.026
0.075
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.26
751
751
751
753
753
753
753
753
753
824
824
824
835
860
58
58
3
324
1087
1087
1087
985
929
142
265
265
265
532
835
899
256
150
256
222
532
558
380
256
256
150
256
476
756
256
35
256
817
634
7
771
104
693
925
670
583
1000
986
80
0.19
0.486
0.8
1.37
1.34
1
0.101
1.1
0.77
0.89
0.47
0.91
1.41
0.32
0.44
2.6
0.5
0.3
-0.02
0.048
-0.059
0.262
0.486
0.4
0.25
0.5
-1.83
16.12
16.88
0.832
0.56
6.64
0.022
-0.005
-0.49
0.266
0.05
0.94
0.058
Y
Y
Y
201
201
670
0.839
1.85
0.055
0.23
0.27
-0.008
0.13
0.029
Y
Y
670
101
0.022
0.016
0.038
0.85
0.17
0.27
0.031
0.093
0.029
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Monomer 2
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butyrate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl ether
Vinyl ethyl ether
Vinyl ethyl ketone
Vinyl ethyl oxalate
Vinyl ethyl sulfide
Vinyl ethyl sulfide
Vinyl isopropyl ketone
Vinyl isopropyl sulfide
Vinyl m-cresyl ether
Vinyl o-cresyl ether
Vinyl /7-cresyl ether
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinyl phenyl ketone
Vinyl propionate
Vinyl sulfone
Vinyl tert-butyl ketone
Vinyl, 4-, dithiobenzoate, methyl
Vinyl, /?-,benzylmethylcarbinol
Vinyl-tris(trimethoxysiloxy)silane
Vinylacetophenone, p Vinylanthracene, 9Vinylbenzoic acid, p Vinylbenzyl chloride
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylferrocene
Vinylhydroquinone
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylisocyanate
T1
18.8
0.77
2.71
137.5
26
28.6
22.21
20.3
14.11
17.1
25.1
19.84
25
8.99
0.121
4.9
37
0.42
4.74
1.03
2.7
11.17
0.89
0.985
0.88
0.81
0.54
0.822
0.85
3.3
1
1.8
2.6
11.34
2.8
0.71
0.79
0.85
24
4.5
1.21
0.151
0.24
34
0.33
4.068
0.398
0.46
126
1.22
0.49
0.34
2.6
2.38
2.16
2.5
2.5
2.1
1.8
2.83
1.23
2.77
3.3
95%
0.25
5.9
0.67
0.88
2.58
2.97
0.021
0.99
0.17
2.95
0.11
0.48
0.01
0.077
0.02
0.22
0.064
5.76
0.6
0.06
0.49
0.11
0.092
0.26
0.36
0.04
0.097
298
0.21
0.02
0.06
0.95
0.06
0.012
r2
0
0.51
-0.2
-0.81
0.03
0.04
0.07
0.07
0.12
0.33
0.052
0.05
0.03
0.07
0.593
-0.15
0.01
0.65
-0.05
0.036
0.3
0.37
0.05
0.021
0.03
1.44
0.6
0.046
0.6
0.2
0.03
0.1
0
0.01
0
0.59
0.06
0.08
0.03
0.1
0.65
0.3
0.98
0.02
1.65
0.117
1.16
1.02
-0.04
0.52
0.02
0.41
0.3
0.36
0.18
0.5
0.34
0.09
0.094
0.19
0.02
0.27
0.01
95%
Conv.
0.01
1.17
0.06
0.026
0.074
Y
Y
N
0.047
0.092
0.16
Y
Y
Y
0.42
0.44
0.017
Y
Y
Y
0.06
0.03
0.034
0.02
Y
N
Y
N
0.47
0.025
Y
Y
0.32
1.9
0.09
Y
N
0.16
0.15
0.29
0.28
Y
Y
Y
Y
3.81
0.043
0.3
Y
Y
Y
0.85
0.13
0.03
0.18
Y
N
N
0.032
0.01
0.013
N
Y
Refs.
597
668
158
210
272
383
471
272
268
268
34
34
127
272
3
356
45
106
794
124
303
507
286
285
303
336
601
794
303
422
605
106
605
605
172
605
794
239
239
272
45
794
697
48
482
266
123
266
792
103
294
337
440
138
324
324
426
432
538
65
762
762
786
82
422
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Methacrylate, methyl diphenylsilyl
Methacrylate, mono-,ethylene glycol
Methacrylate, octyl
Methacrylate, octyl
Methacrylate, octyl
Methacrylate, /?-(cinnamoylamino)phenyl
Methacrylate, /?-acetylphenyl
Methacrylate,/?-carbomethoxyphenyl
Methacrylate, p-chlorophenyl
Methacrylate, p-chlorophenyl
Methacrylate, /?-methoxyphenyl
Methacrylate, p-methoxyphenyl
Methacrylate, p-methylphenyl
Methacrylate, p-tolyl
Methacrylate, potassium
Methacrylate, propargyl
Methacrylate, sodium (2-sulphoxyethyl)Methacrylate, sulfolanyl
Methacrylate, sufolanyl
Methacrylate, f-butyl diphenylsilyl
Methacrylate,
terf-butyl
Methacrylate,
terf-butyl
Methacrylate, tetra(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine
Methacrylate, tetra(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine
Methacrylate, triethyltin
Methacrylate, triphenyltin
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Monomer 2
rx
Vinylphenyldimethylsilane
29.79
35.66
Xanthate, 5-methacryloyl O-ethyl
0.76
0.38
1.1
Styrene
0.512
Acrylonitrile
1.5
Styrene
0.56
Styrene
0.68
Vinyl chloride
14
Styrene
0.31
0.67
Styrene
0.178
1.08
Styrene
0.243
1.19
Styrene
0.244
Styrene
0.225
Styrene
0.185
1.28
Acrylonitrile
0.46
0.785
1.42
1.67
1.69
1.72
1.55
0.99
Methacrylic, acid
1.89
Methacrylic, acid
0.589
N-Vinylpyrrolidone
4.17
Styrene
0.48
Styrene
0.55
Styrene
0.51
Acrylonitrile
0.203
Itaconic acid mono(/?-sulfamidoanilide)
1.65
1.24
Styrene
0.38
Methacrylic, acid
1.2
Methacrylate methyl
7.16
Methacrylic, acid
0.81
Styrene
-0.2
Acrylate, methyl
1.07
0.725
0.396
1.35
Styrene
0.61
1.44
95%
1.89
0.85
0.04
0.178
0.356
0.05
r2
0.51
1
-0.009
0.028
0.6
0.438
0.639
0.338
0.19
0.65
0.56
0.04
0.62
0.47
0.482
0.54
0.34
0.72
0.499
0.49
0.223
0.59
0.36
1.02
0.67
0.53
0.58
0.56
0.66
0.55
0.211
0.398
-0.026
0.246
0.247
0.26
0.226
0.58
1.21
0.565
0.78
1.07
0.81
0.2
0.288
0.897
0.636
0.96
0.545
0.606
0.16
0.027
0.022
0.026
0.04
0.039
0.083
0.09
0.17
0.081
0.756
0.23
0.33
0.086
0.02
0.11
0.19
23.7
0.24
2.46
0.21
0.455
0.257
95%
Conv.
Refs.
Y
Y
0.034
0.016
0.08
0.075
0.057
0.01
Y
Y
Y
0.1
0.084
0.11
0.089
0.25
0.09
Y
Y
Y
0.21
0.06
Y
N
0.018
0.019
0.032
0.049
0.064
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.04
0.05
0.081
0.08
2.48
0.03
0.1
0.057
0.05
0.014
Y
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
0.054
0.416
Y
Y
482
482
1086
1069
920
920
682
179
463
511
685
769
177
769
177
769
177
177
177
769
363
179
32
32
32
32
761
769
88
88
1013
177
179
463
808
957
844
179
745
359
359
359
1069
1069
1069
761
179
996
Methacrylic acid
0.328
0.181
1.56
0.237
996
Methacrylate, 2-ethoxyethyl
Methacrylate, cyclohexyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylate, butyl
0.2
0.728
0.395
0.299
0.282
0.62
0.87
1.07
0.68
1.63
4.4
0.15
1.25
0.444
0.517
0.428
0.607
0.424
0.53
1.81
0.891
0.601
2.33
0.58
0.62
0.63
0.6
0.57
0.58
0.56
0.31
0.16
0.275
0.136
0.123
0.185
N
N
N
N
N
0.1
945
945
945
945
945
1082
1082
1082
1082
1028
852
852
187
0.31
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Monomer 2
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
rx
Acrylate, ethyl
1.12
2.29
1.14
Acrylonitrile
0.2
Acrylonitrile
2.38
Butadiene, 2-chloro-0.035
Diphenyl sulfone,
0.564
3,3 '-bisitaconimido-m,ra 'Maleimide, 2,3-dimethyl0.746
AH2-methacryl)
Methacrylamide
2.73
Methacrylamide
1.55
Methacrylamide
2.006
0.99
Methacrylate, N-methyl-N-phenyl2.16
2-amino
Methacrylate, butyl
0.8
Methacrylate, butyl
0.73
0.63
Methacrylate, ethyl
0.57
0.98
2.01
0.25
1.06
0.33
0.63
0.46
1.06
0.33
0.63
2.16
1.63
0.99
1.18
0.48
1.84
1.38
0.63
1.55
1.26
0.78
0.68
0.211
0.398
Methacrylate, sodium (2-sulphoxyethyl)- 0.78
0.81
Methacrylate, tetra(21.56
hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine
Methacrylonitrile
1.74
Methacrylonitrile
0.54
7V-Vinylimidazole
1.384
1.9
Piperylene, cis0.4
Piperylene, trans0.38
Propene, 2,3-dichloro4
Propene, 2-chloro-3-hydroxy4.5
Pyridine, 2-methy 1-5-vinyl0.43
Styrene
0.55
Styrene
0.64
Styrene
0.66
Styrene
0.49
95%
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
1065
1004
1004
961
16
216
259
1042
0.027
0.04
0.26
0.29
0.058
0.032
0.194
0.069
0.23
0.04
0.092
2.52
0.015
0.13
0.06
0.2
0.058
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.059
1.33
0.1
619
0.28
0.33
1.28
0.2
0.31
0.2
0.25
0.014
0.01
190
527
55
886
651
0.12
0.12
1.59
N
N
Y
0.1
0.03
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.05
0.16
0.23
0.04
0.1
0.05
0.08
N
N
Y
N
N
N
N
0.05
0.17
0.081
0.19
0.24
0.181
Y
Y
N
N
Y
0.07
0.32
0.022
N
N
Y
0.3
0.71
0.02
0.04
0.132
0.417
0.09
0.18
0.16
0.2
1.47
0.16
0.05
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.28
6.25
0.55
0.19
0.1
0.24
0.27
0.2
0.018
0.019
0.08
0.03
0.237
0.1
3.71
0.034
0.16
0.21
0.66
0.08
1.26
1.15
2.34
0.71
1.2
0.47
0.63
0.1
0.78
0.31
0.27
0.1
0.78
0.32
0.87
1.81
0.56
0.29
1.28
0.77
0.36
1.18
0.55
0.209
1.25
0.48
1.89
0.589
1.2
0.81
0.328
0.64
0.52
0.145
0.15
0.17
0.38
0.33
0
0
0.85
1.69
1.38
0.21
0.22
0.2
0.15
187
224
16
820
224
847
1071
1072
1072
1072
1072
1087
1087
1087
203
210
216
276
276
312
313
313
424
54
630
819
88
88
745
359
996
44
85
879
431
130
773
773
445
445
552
15
498
166
166
203
312
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Monomer 2
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
Methacrylic
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene, 3-methyl
Styrene, 3-methyl
Styrene, 3-methyl
Styrene, o-chloroSulfonic acid, o-methacryloylaminobenzeneSulfonic acid, o-methacryloylaminobenzeneSulfonic acid,/7-methacryloylaminobenzeneSulfonic acid, p-methacryloylaminobenzeneVinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl, mono-, diethyleneglycol ether
1,2,5-trimethyl
Vinylidene chloride
Acrylate, methyl
Allyl chloroacetate
Allylurea
Methacrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl benzyl sulfide
Vinyl chloroethyl ether
Acenaphthalene
Acetylene, phenylAcrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein, methylAcrolein, methylAcrolein, methylAcrylate, 1,1,5-trihydroperfluoroamyl
Acrylate, oc-cyano-, methyl
Acrylate, oc-phenyl-, methyl
Acrylic anhydride
Acrylonitrile
Allylbenzene
Butadiene
Ethylene 1,1-diphenylFumarate, diisopropyl
Itaconate, dimethyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylate, octyl
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Phosphonic acid, a-phenylvinyl-
rx
0.56
0.28
0.602
0.85
0.631
0.6
0.44
0.39
0.12
0.35
0.18
0.51
0.622
0.203
95%
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.04
0.092
0.146
0.249
0.089
0.199
0.118
0.08
0.02
0.01
0.058
0.067
0.2
0.38
0.124
0.17
0.041
0.067
0.627
0.55
0.221
0.06
0.33
0.42
0.101
0.217
0.03
0.046
0.031
0.06
0.048
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.034
0.122
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
313
313
47
812
842
842
842
842
842
1087
1087
1087
6
1006
0.188
0.076
0.523
0.195
1006
0.156
0.081
1.08
0.338
1006
0.155
0.052
1.65
0.27
1006
0.008
0.02
Y
Y
0.047
0.13
0.17
0.02
0.06
0.01
Y
Y
N
N
N
0.033
Y
Y
0.12
0.07
0.01
0.13
0.04
0.03
0.15
0.11
N
N
Y
Y
N
0.07
0.05
0.05
0.12
0.05
0.1
3.71
0.18
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
0.2
23.52
23.26
9.05
0
0.4
3.368
4.75
29.76
29.01
1.58
1.45
0.27
0.33
0.97
0.15
0.78
1.17
1.2
0.41
0.45
0.45
1.03
0.45
0.18
0.19
0.42
1.67
16.24
0.053
0.48
85
1.26
0.56
0.46
0.74
0.43
0.75
0.64
0.52
0.26
2.24
0.19
r2
0.088
0.98
0.96
0.098
13
18.48
0.06
0.18
0.02
0.27
0.05
0.01
0.01
0.04
0.12
1.36
0.016
0.1
0.15
0.04
0.07
0.08
0.04
0.07
0.32
0.06
0.01
0.064
-0.022
0.07
2.2
0.05
0.154
0.16
-0.01
-0.06
0.22
0.26
0.13
0.1
- 0.048
2.38
0.04
0.68
0.72
1.78
1.25
1.25
0.14
2
0.15
0.25
1
0.43
-0.061
0.39
-0.45
0
0.28
0.75
0.83
0.68
0.94
0.61
1.74
0.54
1.45
0
377
135
229
46
831
734
6
275
106
106
275
219
219
275
106
106
575
648
208
446
208
587
589
809
638
143
143
219
198
351
257
143
1038
398
44
44
44
44
44
44
85
219
590
Next Page
TABLE 1.
cont'd
Monomer 1
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylophenone, aMethacrylophenone, aMethacryloxymethylpentamethyldisiloxane
Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane
Methacryloyl
fluoride
Methacryloyl
fluoride
Methacryloyl
fluoride
Methacryloyl fluoride, perfluoroMethacryloyl isocyanate
Methacryloylacetone
Methacryloylacetone
Methacryloylacetone
Methacryloyloxy, 2-benzoate methyl
Methacryloyloxy, 2-benzoate methyl
Methacryloyloxy, 2-benzoic acid methyl
Methacryloyloxy, 2-benzoic acid
Methacryloyloxy,
4-,2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine
Methyleneglutaronitrile, 2Methyleneglutaronitrile, 2Methyleneglutaronitrile, 2Methyleneglutaronitrile, 2Methyleneglutaronitrile, 2Methyleneglutaronitrile, 2Methyleneglutaronitrile, 2Myrcene
Myrcene
Myrcene
N-N-Divinylaniline
N-TV-Divinylaniline
JV-JV-Divinylaniline
N-N-Divinylaniline
TV-N-Divinylaniline
Monomer 2
rx
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene, oc-methoxyStyrene, a-methylStyrene, ochloroVinyl acetate
Vinyl cinnamate
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Pyrrolidone, N-vinylVinyl chloride
Styrene
Vinylidene
fluoride
Acrylate, Af-(2-hydroxyethyl)carbazolyl
0.41
0.42
0.28
0.21
0.25
0.21
0.83
0.21
0.86
12
4.6
2.43
2.38
0.11
0.119
0.33
0.58
2.8
0.2
0.2
0.58
2
0.43
0.9
0.164
0.02
0.35
0.08
Acrylate, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)carbazolyl
Methacrylate, N-ethyl-3-hydroxymethylcarbazolyl
Acrylonitrile
Methacrylate, N-methyl-JV-phenyl2-amino ethyl
Styrene
Methacrylate, Af-methyl-7V-phenyl2-amino ethyl
Styrene
Styrene
Vinylchloride
Acrylamide
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Butadiene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl methyl ketone
Styrene
Styrene/7-fluoroAcrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene, p-methylVinyl acetate
95%
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.026
0.37
0.38
0.43
0.34
0.25
0.34
- 0.02
0.15
0.78
0.01
0.15
0.3
0.36
1.79
1.74
0.97
0.36
0.35
0.45
0.45
0.05
0.3
0.405
0.53
0.069
7.6
0.75
1.04
1.364
0.018
0.334
0.022
719
0.554
0.019
0.729
0.051
701
3.74
5.66
1.66
1.11
0.22
0.4
0.16
0.18
0.01
0.008
0.067
0.55
0.004
0.004
0.007
0.04
Y
Y
Y
N
339
339
339
651
0.48
2.6
0.02
0.08
0.27
0.2
0.04
0.01
N
N
651
651
1.17
0.32
0.03
0.15
0.6
0.04
651
687
1.37
11.26
2.85
1.1
1.67
0.7
0.64
3.5
0.908
0.004
0.3
0.09
0.6
0.09
0.252
0.052
Y
Y
0.12
0.12
-0.02
0.02
0.25
1.24
0.448
1.38
0.87
-0.006
0.005
0.033
0.06
3.99
0.74
1.36
1.27
0.42
0.5
0.85
5.05
0.256
0.891
0.362
0.246
1.06
5.38
6.15
0.058
0.28
N
N
0.52
0.013
0.015
0.022
0.014
0.18
0.36
0.16
0.009
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
938
938
746
745
746
746
196
196
196
196
196
512
512
1062
1062
1062
45
45
45
45
45
0.04
0.1
0.05
0.02
0.009
0.12
0.16
0.045
1.3
0.06
0.081
0.143
0.07
0.018
0.067
0.03
0.12
0.005
0.1
0.05
0.07
0.22
N
N
N
Y
0.037
0.06
0.014
Y
N
Y
0.14
311
311
542
707
75
835
143
542
44
75
200
781
781
798
798
822
951
580
591
593
599
432
617
660
660
669
944
702
Previous Page
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
JV-Vinylimidazole
N-Vinylimidazole
Af-Vinylimidazole
N-Vinylimidazole
N-Vinylimidazole
N-Vinylimidazole
N-Vinylimidazole
N-Vinylimidazole
Af-Vinylimidazole
Af-Vinylimidazole
W-Vinylimidazole
N-Vinylpyrolidone
AT-Vinylpyrolidone
Af-Vinylpyrrolidone
Af-Vinylpyrrolidone
N-Vinylpyrrolidone
N-Vinylpyrrolidone
Af-Vinylpyrrolidone
AT-Vinylpyrrolidone
N-Vinylpyrrolidone
N-Vinylpyrrolidone
N-Vinylpyrrolidone
Af-Vinylpyrrolidone
N-Vinylpyrrolidone
JV-Vinylpyrrolidone
N-Vinylpyrrolidone
N-Vinylpyrrolidone
N-Vinylpyrrolidone
N-Vinylpyrrolidone
N-Vinylpyrrolidone
Af-Vinylpyrrolidone
Af-Vinylpyrrolidone
Af-Vinylpyrrolidone
Naphthalene, 1-vinylNaphthalene, 1-vinylNaphthalene, 1-vinylNaphthalene, l-vinyl-4-chloroNaphthalene, 2-vinylNaphthalene, 2-vinyl-6-chloroNaphthalene, 6-vinyl-2-tert-butyl
Nickel diacrylate
Norbornadiene
Norbornadiene
Norbornadiene
Norbornadiene
Norbornadiene
Norbornadiene
Norbornadiene
Norbornadiene
OcM-ene, 4,8-dioxaspiro(2.5)Oct-1-ene, 6,6-dimethyl4,8-dioxaspiro(2.5)Oct-1-ene, 6,6-dimethyl4,8-dioxaspiro(2.5)Oct-1-ene, 6,6-dimethyl4,8-dioxaspiro(2.5)Oct-1-ene, 6,6-dimethyl4,8-dioxaspiro(2.5)Octene-1
Oxazinium F3CSO3, 3-methyl-2-vinyl5,6-dihydro-4H-l,3-
Monomer 2
rx
95%
r2
95%
Acrylic acid
0.187
Acrylonitrile
0.832
Fumarate, diethyl
0.113
Fumarate, dimethyl
0.133
Fumaric acid
0.121
Maleate, diethyl
0.057
Maleate, dimethyl
0.046
Maleic acid
0.018
0.663
Methacrylic acid
0.145
Styrene
0.68
Caprolactam, N-vinyl2.8
Crotonate, hydrocortisone 210.75
2-Oxazoline, 2-isopropenyl0.01
Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonate
0.13
sodium salt
Acrylate, cyclohexyl
0.122
Carbamate, N-vinyl-f-butyl0.4
Ethene, 2-phenyl-l,l-dicyanoItaconate, bis(tri-rc-butyltin)
0.21
Methacrylate, 2-acetylsalicylicoyloxy0.34
3-hydroxypropyl
Methacrylate, furfuryl
0.0036
0.003
0.006
0.014
0.027
0.066
-0.026
Quinine
2.2
Styrene sulfonate, sodium salt
0.084
Vinyl trimethylammonioethyl ether
11.6
iodide
Acrylonitrile
0.451
0.574
Styrene
2.02
Styrene
0.75
Styrene
1.345
Styrene
2.44
Styrene
1.014
0.95
dimethacrylate
Acrylate, ethyl
-0.01
Acrylonitrile
0.05
Acrylonitrile
0.44
-0.5
Styrene, p-chloro0
Vinyl acetate
1.354
Vinyl chloride
0.41
Vinylidene chloride
0.09
Styrene
0.246
Acrylonitrile
1.484
0.025
0.044
0.019
0.021
0.01
0.028
0.046
0.007
0.104
0.022
0.02
0.2
0.02
0.02
1.932
3.393
0.191
0.252
0.313
0.106
0.046
0.094
4.306
1.384
8.377
1.7
0.05
3.5
0.66
0.077
0.008
0.022
0.015
0.012
0.147
0.438
0.027
0.185
0.034
0.149
0.2
0.05
1.2
0.014
0.06
1.297
2.4
0.088
0.5
0.013
0.065
0.85
0.04
Pyridine, 2-vinyl-
0.02
0.018
2.29
0.899
0.062
3.96
0.032
0.006
0.002
0.002
0.03
5.16
4.29
4.78
5.93
2.07
4.04
4.17
13
12.4
9.8
0.37
7.19
0
1.13
0.498
0.236
0.198
0.247
0.956
0.756
2
2.3
1.5
Conv.
Refs.
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
879
879
879
879
879
879
879
879
879
879
879
883
1022
894
939
Y
Y
Y
0.02
1061
991
947
941
1080
1050
1017
1084
1084
1084
1084
1013
1070
1070
1070
922
939
1037
0.088
0.073
0.401
0.45
0.093
1.38
0.244
0.107
0.321
0.699
0.76
0.395
0.39
0.616
0.65
0.028
0.096
0.233
0.68
0.049
0.6
0.069
0.03
0.23
0.05
0.52
0.12
0.07
0.01
0.17
0.024
1.078
2.39
0.48
0.66
14.68
69.93
0.818
0.67
1.36
1.831
0.985
0.44
0.27
0.01
16.78
24.19
0.019
0.02
0.63
0.027
0.675
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
N
N
Y
Y
267
267
69
267
188
188
267
267
838
838
0.073
0.04
2.216
0.062
838
Pyrrolidone, Af-vinyl-
0.552
0.075
-0.009
0.018
838
Styrene
0.271
0.109
1.93
0.098
838
0.85
3.26
0.37
0.45
329
909
Vinyl chloride
-0.57
0.31
967
967
967
806
806
806
806
895
ReferencespageII-290
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Oxazolidone, N-vinylOxazolidone, N-vinylOxazolidone, N-vinylOxazolidone, N-vinylOxazolidone, TV-vinylOxazolidone, N-vinylOxazolidone, JV-vinylOxazolidone, N-vinylOxazoline, 2-, 2-isopropenylOxazoline, 2-, 2-isopropenylOxazoline, 2-, 2-isopropenylOxazoline, 2-, 2-isopropenylOxazoline, 2-, 2-isopropenylOxazoline, 2-, 2-isopropenylOxazoline, 2-, 2-isopropenylOxazoline, 2-, 2-isopropenylOxazoline, 2-, 2-isopropenylOxazoline, 2-, 2-isopropenyl4,4-dimethylOxazoline, 2-, 2-isopropenyl4,4-dimethylOxazoline, 2-, 2-isopropenyl4,4-dimethylOxazoline, 2-, 2-isopropenyl4,4-dimethylOxazoline, 2-, 4-acryloxymethyl2,4-dimethylOxazoline, 2-, 4-acryloxymethyl2,4-dimethylOxazoline, 2-, 4-acryloxymethyl2,4-dimethylOxazoline, 2-, 4-acryloxymethyl2,4-dimethylOxazoline, 2-, 4-methacryloxy2,4-dimethylOxazoline, 2-, 4-methacryloxy2,4-dimethylOxazoline, 2-, 4-methacryloxy2,4-dimethylOxazoline, 2-, 4-methacryloxy2,4-dimethylOxazoline, 2-isopropenyl-2Oxazoline, 2-isopropenyl-2Oxazoline, 2-isopropenyl-2Oxazoline, 2-isopropenyl-2Oxazoline, 2-isopropenyl-2Oxazoline, 2-isopropenyl-2Oxazoline, 2-isopropenyl-2Oxazoline, 2-isopropenyl-2Oxazolinium BF4, 3-methyl2-isopropenyl-2Oxazolinium BF4, 3-methyl2-isopropenyl-2Oxazolinium, 2-, tetrafluoroborate
3-methyl-2-isopropenylOxazolinium, 2-, tetrafluoroborate
3-methyl-2-isopropenylOxazolinium, 2-isopropenyl-2Oxirane, 4-vinylphenylPentadiene, cis-1,3Pentadiene, cis-1,3Pentadiene, cis-1,3Pentadiene, cis-1,3Pentadiene, cis-1,3Pentadiene, cis-1,3-
Monomer 2
Methacrylate, decyl
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Vinyl acetate
Acrylate, methyl
T1
-0.052
0.04
0.027
-0.029
1.55
2.04
0.822
0.091
1.4
1.39
1.9
2.07
0.52
0.99
3.5
0.64
7.1
1.3
95%
0.049
0.13
0.008
0.014
0.28
0.13
0.048
0.077
0.191
r2
12.19
6.75
9.46
29.42
0.602
0.55
0.313
1.42
0.24
0.19
0.16
0.328
0.13
0.69
0.01
0.67
0.25
0.46
95%
Conv.
Refs.
1.35
0.37
0.39
2.19
0.038
0.18
0.095
0.11
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.032
36
102
36
36
102
36
36
102
862
862
862
877
862
862
862
862
862
596
Acrylonitrile
1.83
0.24
596
0.82
0.53
596
Styrene
0.68
0.55
596
Acrylate, methyl
0.11
0.29
596
0.11
0.41
596
Styrene
0.14
0.56
596
Vinyl acetate
1.41
0.03
596
Acrylate, methyl
0.56
0.4
596
Acrylonitrile
0.89
0.11
596
0.19
1.17
596
Vinyl acetate
6.2
0.05
596
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
7V-Vinylpyrrolidone
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Acrylate, methyl
1.4
1.39
1.9
0.52
0.99
3.5
0.64
7.1
0.251
0.08
0.06
0.08
0.06
0.07
1.2
0.03
2
0.483
0.24
0.19
0.16
0.13
0.69
0.01
0.67
0.25
0.096
0.01
0.02
0.04
0.04
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.057
894
894
894
894
894
894
894
894
908
Vinyl acetate
0.413
0.005
0.114
0.021
908
Acrylate, methyl
0.344
0.105
0.552
0.043
877
Vinyl acetate
0.366
0.151
0.43
0.057
877
Acrylate methyl
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
2.08
1.06
0.172
0.241
0.017
0.071
0.198
0.188
0.327
0.191
0.78
0.026
0.06
0.026
0.06
0.056
0.033
0.031
0.018
0.071
0.173
0.242
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.017
908
1001
867
867
912
912
952
997
0.012
0.029
0.012
0.029
0.011
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Pentadiene, cis-1,3Pentadiene, cis-1,3Pentadiene, trans-1,3Pentadiene, trans-1,3Pentadiene, trans-1,3Pentadiene, trans-1,3Pentadiene, trans-1,3Pentadiene, trans-1,3Pentadiene, trans-1,3Pentadiene, trans-1,3Pentadiene, trans-1,3Pentadienoate, frarcs-4-ethoxy-2,4-,ethyl
Pentadienoate, frarcs-4-ethoxy-2,4-,ethyl
Pentadienoate, trans-4-ethoxy-2,4Penten-2,4-one
Pentene-1
Pentene-1
Pentene-1, 2-methylPentene-1, 5-cyclohexylPentene-1, 5-phenylPentenoate, 3-oxo-4-, ethyl
Pentenoate, 3-OXO-4-, ethyl
Pentenoate, 3-OXO-4-, ethyl
Phenol, 3-(methacryloylamino)Phenol, 4-(methacryloylamino)Phosphate diethyl isopropenyl
Phosphate diethyl isopropenyl
Monomer 2
Butadiene
Pentadiene, trans-1,3Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Butadiene
Pentadiene, cis-1,3Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Vinyl acetate
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
T1
0.26
0.86
0.104
0.095
0.018
0.064
0.132
0.114
0.09
0.379
0.37
12.2
5.4
11.8
-0.033
0.001
0.81
-1.16
-0.043
-0.026
3.29
1.57
1.29
1.4
0.923
0.747
0.635
1.12
0.568
3.39
2.02
3.06
1.67
1.24
1.72
1.69
0.72
1.55
1.09
2.56
0.748
1.14
0.952
1.67
1.04
1.05
0.725
1.09
0.99
0.86
0.03
0.44
0.486
0.521
0.946
1.16
0.42
0.258
0.0701
0.171
0.15
0.146
0.168
0.094
0.23
95%
0.01
0.021
0.01
0.02
0.009
0.013
0.055
5.2
2.31
0.044
0.046
0.712
0.193
0.309
0.322
0.075
0.073
0.068
0.112
0.035
0.263
0.141
0.349
0.183
0.168
0.123
0.236
0.12
0.224
0.09
0.218
0.155
0.109
0.164
0.143
0.111
0.108
0.08
0.09
0.04
0.03
0.088
0.138
0.436
0.248
0.097
0.226
0.052
0.01
0.05
0.073
0.355
0.02
0.187
r2
0.63
0.37
0.07
0.06
0.069
0.068
0.085
0.079
1.22
0.404
0.86
0.04
0.01
0.08
13.84
4
2.08
1.59
4.22
3.84
0.233
0.161
0.215
0.189
0.179
0.164
0.162
0.178
0.217
0.555
0.424
0.591
0.443
0.34
0.57
0.606
0.269
0.715
0.528
0.597
0.38
0.513
0.43
0.474
0.581
0.616
0.663
0.528
0.5
0.71
15.2
1.56
2.37
2.23
1.87
1.97
2.1
2.56
2.04
0.629
0.612
0.595
0.597
0.633
0.61
95%
Conv.
0.017
0.064
0.104
0.096
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.018
0.038
0.57
1.78
0.68
0.45
0.48
0.069
0.028
0.051
0.05
0.014
0.015
0.015
0.02
0.009
0.032
0.022
0.046
0.032
0.031
0.023
0.045
0.027
0.048
0.02
0.03
0.034
0.022
0.034
0.023
0.025
0.024
0.023
0.02
0.06
0.04
N
N
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
0.046
0.047
0.086
0.029
0.045
0.094
0.012
0.003
0.004
0.005
0.044
0.002
0.018
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Refs.
743
743
867
867
912
912
952
997
743
1058
743
723
723
723
112
3
329
329
24
24
930
930
930
930
930
930
930
930
930
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
1033
896
896
650
650
971
971
971
971
971
971
971
971
971
971
971
971
971
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Phosphate, vinyl bis(chloroethyl)
Phosphate, vinyl diethyl
Phosphate, vinyl diphenyl
Phosphazene, isopropenylpentafluoroPhosphazene, isopropenylpentafluoroPhosphine oxide, diphenylvinylPhosphine oxide, diphenylvinylPhosphonate, 2-(4-vinylphenyl)ethyl,
diethyl
Phosphonate, 4-vinylphenyl, diethyl
Phosphonate, a-bromovinyl-, diethyl
Phosphonate, a-carboethoxyvinyl-, diethyl
Phosphonate, a-carboethoxy vinyl-, diethyl
Phosphonate, a-carboethoxy vinyl-, diethyl
Phosphonate, vinyl-, dibutyl
Phosphonate, vinyl-, diisobutyl
Phosphonate, vinyl-, diisopropyl
Phosphonate, vinyl-, dimethyl
Phosphonate, vinyl-, dipropyl
Phosphonic acid, a-phenylvinyl
Phosphonic acid, a-phenylvinylPhosphonic acid, a-phenylvinylPhosphonic acid, a-phenylvinylPhosphonic acid, a-phenylvinylPhosphonic acid, a-phenylvinylPhosphonic acid, a-phenylvinylPhosphonic acid, a-phenylvinylPhosphonic acid, a-phenylvinylPhosphonic acid, a-phenylvinylPhosphonic acid, a-phenylvinyl-
Monomer 2
r\
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloroacetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloroacetate
Styrene
Styrene, p-chloromethylAcrylonitrile
Vinyl acetate
Styrene
0.108
0.03
0.15
0.374
0.327
0.53
-0.121
0.048
0.16
1.7
1.36
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Ethylene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Styrene
Methacrylic acid
Phosphonate, a-carbomethoxyvinyl-,
diethyl
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Ethylene
Styrene
Styrene
Butadiene, 2-chloroStyrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Ethylene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinylidene cyanide
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Butadiene, 2,3-dichloroButadiene, 2,3-dichloroButadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-chloroMethacrylate, methyl
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylonitrile
1.4
0.04
0.05
0.55
0.01
0.2
0.23
0.99
7.73
0.26
0.02
0.16
0.2
0.18
0.18
0.85
0.85
0.47
-0.12
0.04
0.15
0.62
95%
0.034
0.23
0.047
0.046
0.023
0.12
0.088
0.067
2.19
0.39
2.33
r2
0.599
2.47
3.4
2.01
3.009
1.42
1.6
1.64
3.8
0.38
0.55
0.7
1.25
1
0.62
4.7
30
8.6
0.14
0.077
29.9
2.46
2.3
2.2
6.32
6.32
0.09
0.09
0.33
4.97
11.1
1.9
0.55
95%
0.002
0.78
0.21
0.2
0.077
0.15
0.27
0.58
Conv.
Refs.
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
971
133
779
779
779
779
765
765
843
843
796
0.003
0.43
3.44
-0.15
-0.52
0.02
0
0.74
0.6
2.18
0.22
4.36
1.59
2.45
3.88
0.04
0.09
4.27
0.24
Y
Y
-0.32
-0.52
0.1
1.46
2.52
3.87
2.57
7.5
1.59
2.13
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.4
0.15
0.02
0.74
0.74
1.66
-0.38
-0.41
0.1
0.04
-0.45
0
0.07
0.07
0.1
0.1
-0.063
0.17
0
2.22
0.29
0.72
0.83
0.41
0.077
0.3
4.61
2.45
2.45
0.04
0.04
0.088
1.74
3.81
4.58
0.7
0.34
2.36
7.75
7.75
7.5
7.5
1.362
1.49
2.24
0.01
0.16
0.68
Y
Y
Y
0.13
0.12
Y
Y
0.084
0.16
Y
Y
796
684
684
684
684
684
684
684
801
410
133
410
485
592
594
592
594
595
129
684
431
684
129
18
592
684
592
684
801
129
129
594
129
129
592
594
592
594
801
129
129
921
132
132
590
588
597
546
597
131
130
590
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Phthalide, 3-(4-vinylphenyl)Phthalimide, N-(4-vinylphenyl)Phthalimide, Af-(methacryloyloxy)Phthalimide, AKmethacryloyloxy)Phthalimide, AA-(methacryloyloxy)Phthalimide, N-vinylPhthalimide, TV-vinylPhthalimide, N-vinylPinene
Pinene, aPiperidinol, 4-, A/-methyl-4-(vinylethynyl)Piperylene, cisPiperylene, transPropanesulfonate, 3-[diethyl[2-(2-methacroyloxyethoxy)ethyl
Propene, 3,3,3-trichloroPropene, 3,3,3-trichloroPropene, 3,3,3-trichloroPropene, 1-chloro-cwPropene, 1-chloro-cwPropene, 1-chloro-cwPropene, 1-chloro-cwPropene, \-ch\oxo-transPropene, \-ch\oxo-transPropene, \-c\\\oxo-transPropene, \-c\\\oxo-transPropene, 2,3-dichloroPropene, 2,3-dichloroPropene, 2,3-dichloroPropene, 2,3-dichloroPropene, 2,3-dichloroPropene, 2-chloroPropene, 2-chloroPropene, 2-chloroPropene, 2-chloroPropene, 2-chloroPropene, 2-chloro-3-hydroxyPropene, 2-chloro-3-hydroxyPropene, 2~chloro-3-hydroxyPropene, 3-chloro-2-chloromethylPropenyl methyl ketone
Propenyl, 2-, acetate
Propenyl, 2-methyl-, acetate
Propenyltriethoxysilane
Propiolactam, A^-phenyl-a-methylenePropionate, vinyl
Propylene
Propylene
Propylene
Propylene
Propylene
Propylene
Propylene
Propylene
Propylene
Pyrazole, 3-methyl-l-vinylPyrazole, 5-methyl-l-vinylPyrazole, N-vinyl-3,5-dimethyl-
Monomer 2
Acrylonitrile
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Maleic anhydride
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Maleimide
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Acrylonitrile
Maleic anhydride
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Acrylonitrile
Maleic anhydride
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Carbazole, TV-vinylMethacrylate, methyl
Methacrylic acid
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene cyanide
Methacrylic acid
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl chloride
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylic acid
Styrene
Vinyl chloride
Styrene
Vinylidene chloride
Vinyl chloride
Styrene
Ethylene, chlorotrifluoroAcrylic acid
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene, chlorotrifluoroVinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Pyrazole, 5-methyl-l-vinylPyrazole, 3-methyl-l-vinylStyrene
rx
0.43
1.56
1.23
1.45
1.45
0.24
0.344
0.07
13.5
0.08
2.05
0.38
0.33
0.19
0.1
0
0.19
-0.12
-0.022
-0.012
0.1
0.01
0.05
0.011
0.33
0
0.18
0
0.05
0.036
-0.023
1.65
4.75
0.58
0.001
0
0
0
0.01
0.08
0.25
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.406
0.63
95%
0.19
0.168
0.072
0.151
0.02
0.061
0.11
0.1
0.03
0.02
0.19
0.08
0.061
0.63
0.17
0.015
0.074
0.4
0.1
0.01
0.062
0.36
5.12
0.003
0.1
0.3
0.106
0.04
r2
0.084
1.14
0.193
0.204
0.69
0.43
0.008
6.27
0.07
10
0.49
0.4
0.38
3.97
12.2
6.9
0.19
23.37
0.347
7.08
11.52
19.61
0.28
3.13
4.45
1
6.02
4
3.51
3
1.164
0.186
0.095
0.75
0.204
4.4
4.5
12.5
3.37
18.12
2.2
0.7
1
1
4.1
0.7
10
71
2.4
0.626
0.08
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.053
0.028
0.016
0.048
0.01
0.012
0.66
0.01
Y
Y
Y
721
636
979
979
979
1046
284
163
936
848
948
773
773
962
Y
Y
0.01
1.03
2.99
0.082
0.35
2.14
1.72
0.012
0.15
0.81
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
1.66
0.18
0.053
0.091
0.085
Y
Y
Y
0.079
0.73
6.09
0.025
0.01
Y
Y
Y
0.62
0.08
0.196
3.1
-0.02
0.09
0.42
1.35
0.049
0.07
0.023
0.21
0.04
0.011
3.43
3.2
0.02
2.35
-0.05
5.16
2.45
2.9
1.35
0.42
8.663
0.08
0.14
0.1
0.06
0.196
N
Y
N
N
402
402
402
181
181
181
181
181
181
181
181
376
11
445
11
983
181
181
181
517
82
445
445
445
806
806
189
445
445
445
445
445
470
470
470
237
1002
1097
183
388
477
318
155
329
355
560
588
898
898
806
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Pyridazinone, 3-(2-vinyl)-6-methylPyridazinone, 3-(2-vinyl)-6-methylPyridazinone, 3-(2-vinyl)-6-methylPyridazinone, 3-(2-vinyl)-6-methyl4,5-dihydroPyridazinone, 3-(2-vinyl)-6-methyl4,5-dihydroPyridazinone, 3-(2-vinyl)-6-methyl4,5-dihydroPyridazone, 2-vinyl-3Pyridazone, 2-vinyl-3Pyridazone, 2-vinyl-6-methyl-3Pyridazone, 2-vinyl-6-methyl-3Pyridazone, 2-vinyl-6-methyl-4,5-benz-3Pyridazone, 2-vinyl-6-methyl-4,5-benz-3Pyridazone, 2-vinyl-6-phenyl-3Pyridazone, 2-vinyl-6-phenyl-3Pyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-methy 1-5-vinylPyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinyl-
Monomer 2
T1
95%
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
0.19
0.56
0.85
0.02
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.02
0.32
0.86
0.9
0.74
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.02
N
N
N
N
340
340
340
340
0.08
0.03
1.19
0.04
340
Styrene
0.13
0.03
5.92
0.1
340
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Caprolactam, N-vinylCaprolactam, Af-vinylItaconate, diethyl
Itaconate, dimethyl
Methacrylic acid
N-Vinylpyrrolidone
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Sulfonic acid, o-methacryloylaminobenzeneSulfonic acid, p-methacryloylaminobenzeneVinyl acetate
Acetylene, phenylAcrolein
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Butadiene, 1,4-dicarboxylate-, diethyl
Butadiene, 1-carboxylate, ethyl
Butadiene, 2-chloroCaprolactam, N-vinylCaprolactam, N-vinylIsoprene
Isoprene
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
N-Vinylpyrrolidone
1.56
0.43
0.3
1.2
0.27
0.24
0.49
1.45
1
0.31
0.47
0.72
0.41
11.58
11.58
0.51
0.88
0.54
0.85
13
0.75
0.68
1.2
0.78
-0.002
-0.054
0.03
0.031
0.63
0.53
0.16
0.9
1.65
0.7
0.58
0.51
0.18
0.16
0.61
1.32
1.29
0.04
0.04
0.17
0.22
0.42
0.43
0.039
0.74
0.6
0.72
0.73
1.83
0.048
2.72
0.3
0.02
0.02
0.19
2
0.08
9
-0.12
2.51
2.59
0.28
2.25
2.13
1.72
2.12
21.9
0.44
0.41
0.4
0.06
4.35
4.35
0.47
0.46
0.64
0.73
0.86
0.76
0.64
1.1
1.69
1.38
12.4
0.05
0.01
N
N
0.02
0.09
0.006
0.03
0.03
0.218
N
Y
897
897
897
897
897
897
897
897
232
232
462
520
56
589
592
545
545
232
552
1070
232
500
514
56
1006
0.525
1006
0.14
Y
N
0.01
0.06
N
N
0.4
0.03
0.03
Y
N
N
0.03
0.23
0.04
0.02
N
N
0.19
0.04
0.21
N
Y
0.11
0.03
0.14
0.1
0.54
0.26
0.1
0.08
0.07
0.16
0.06
0.12
0.08
0.71
2.3
2.64
0.1
0.11
0.21
0.21
0.37
0.17
0.2
0.05
0.1
0.69
0.8
5.19
0.12
0.12
0.59
0.58
0.56
0.42
0.4
0.35
0.31
0.27
0.58
0.44
0.014
0.002
812
192
208
236
78
250
832
2
231
749
456
50
327
791
457
589
592
456
458
342
231
532
6
623
749
15
498
1070
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Pyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinyl-5-ethylPyridine, 2-vinyl-5-ethylPyridine, 2-vinyl-5-ethylPyridine, 2-vinyl-5-ethylPyridine, 2-vinyl-5-ethylPyridine, 3-ethynyl-6-methylPyridine, 3-vinylPyridine, 4-vinylPyridine, 4-vinylPyridine, 4-vinylPyridine, 4-vinylPyridine, 4-vinylPyridine, 4-vinylPyridine, 4-vinylPyridine, 4-vinylPyridine, 4-vinylPyridine, 4-vinylPyridine, 4-vinylPyridine, 4-vinylPyridine, 4-vinylPyridine, 4-vinylPyridine, 4-vinylPyridine, 4-vinylPyridine, 4-vinylPyridine, 4-vinylPyridine, 4-vinylPyridine, TV-oxide-, 2-vinyl-5-ethylPyrimidine-2-one, 1,3-divinylhexahydroPyrimidine, 2-TV-TV-dimethylamino-4-vinylPyrimidine, 4-vinylPyrrolidone, l-benzyl-3-methylene5-methylPyrrolidone, l-benzyl-3-methylene5-methylPyrrolidone, l-benzyl-3-methylene5-methylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, N-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, N-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, AT-vinylPyrrolidone, N-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, N-vinylPyrrolidone, N-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinyl-
Monomer 2
rx
95%
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.04
0.15
Y
N
0.18
0.17
N
Y
0.004
0.07
0.02
0.05
N
N
N
0.01
0.017
0.04
N
Y
N
0.03
0.04
0.09
0.07
0.18
1.5
0.16
0.22
0.073
0.46
0.5
0.55
0.57
0.55
0.14
-0.11
O
0.18
0.02
0.06
0.39
0.74
2.3
0.69
0.291
0.23
0.29
0.2
0.15
0.11
0.09
0.1
0.1
0.32
0.62
0.57
0.54
0.01
0.52
-0.73
0.04
0.02
0.01
0.002
0.07
1.09
N
N
N
0.4
0.88
0.03
0.071
1.06
0.24
0.03
- 0.23
0.06
0.59
0.338
0.219
0.125
0.36
0.11
0.13
0.017
0.095
0.025
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
838
231
41
456
499
532
2
6
6
231
115
50
231
231
784
342
667
78
832
231
424
115
50
589
592
424
342
231
691
1070
231
79
154
395
337
806
800
243
243
633
2.216
Styrene
0.75
Styrene
1.27
Styrene
1.81
Styrene
1.33
Styrene
1.14
Vinyl acetate
13.65
Vinyl acetate
30
Acrylate, methyl
1.32
Acrylonitrile
0.43
Acrylonitrile
0.43
0.68
Styrene
1.09
Styrene
0.15
0.73
2.32
Acrylate, butyl
4.3
Acrylate, ethyl
2.58
Acrylate, methyl
1.78
Acrylate, methyl
2.14
Acrylonitrile
0.41
Acrylonitrile
0.34
Caprolactam, TV-vinyl4.43
Caprolactam, TV-vinyl4.43
Isoprene
2.49
0.9
0.77
0.99
TV-Vinylpyrrolidone
9.8
Styrene
0.69
Styrene
1.04
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl ether
32
Vinylhydroquinone
0.53
Styrene
2.27
Acrylate, ethyl
-0.05
Styrene
1.404
Styrene
2.38
Acrylate, methyl
1.58
0.062
0.32
2.28
0.47
0.387
0.07
633
Styrene
0.71
0.17
0.555
0.053
633
0.008
0.163
0.52
0.88
0.07
0.02
N
Y
0.69
326
840
790
250
694
213
599
859
81
816
248
245
647
647
830
121
364
323
657
840
Acenaphthalene
0.012
0.03
Acrylic acid
0.1
Acrylic acid, oc-bromo0.25
Acrylonitrile
Acryloyl chloride
0.04
Caprolactam, N-vinyl2.8
1.77
0.044
Crotonaldehyde
0.42
Crotonic acid
0.84
Dioxolane, l,3,4-methylene-2-trichlor
2.98
Dioxolane, 1,3-, 4,4-dimethyl-5-methyl
3.87
Ethylene, chlorotrirluoro0.38
Fumarate, dioctyl
0.02
Imidazole, 1-vinyl0.16
Maleimide, TV-(2-hydroxyethyl)0.002
0.02
-0.019
0.12
3.64
0.03
0.18
0.06
0.12
0.04
0.45
0.34
0.32
0.13
0.21
N
Y
Y
Y
0.12
0.008
0.02
0.07
0.01
0.074
0.002
0.046
0.15
1.7
0.371
-0.001
-0.15
0
0.04
0.01
0.3
0.04
0.96
0.038
2.44
4.841
0.05
0.001
0.01
0.03
Y
Y
N
N
0.04
0.19
0.01
N
Y
Y
0.133
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Pyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylPyrrolidone, a-methylene-TV-methylQuinine
Quinoline, 2-vinylQuinoline, 2-vinylQuinoline, 2-vinylQuinoline, 2-vinyl5-Ethyl TV-vinyl-TV-methylthiolcarbamate
S-Ethyl TV-vinyl-TV-methylthiolcarbamate
S-Vinyl TV, TV-diethylthiolcarbamate
5-Vinyl ,V, TV-diethylthiolcarbamate
Silane, 7-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxySilane, 7-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxySilane, 7-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxySilane, methacryloxypropyldimethoxymethylSilane, methacryloxypropyltrimethoxyStilbene
Stilbene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Monomer 2
Methacryloylacetone
Oxazoline, 2-, 2-isopropenylStyrene
Succinimide, TV-vinylTriazine, 2-allyloxy-4,6-dichloroVinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl cinnamate
Vinyl cyclohexyl ether
Vinyl cymantrene
Vinyl ethylene glycol glycidyl ether
Vinyl ethyleneglycol glycidyl ether
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylferrocene
TV-Vinylpyrrolidone
Butadiene, 2-chloroIsoprene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Imidazole, TV-VinylImidazole, TV-VinylAcenaphthalene
Styrene
2-Oxazoline, 2-isopropenyl3-Pyridazone, 2-vinyl3-Pyridazone, 2-vinyl-6-methyl3-Pyridazone, 2-vinyl-6-methyl4,5-benz-33-Pyridazone, 2-vinyl-6-phenyl4-Pentenoate, 3-oxo-, ethyl
4-Pentenoate, 3-oxo-, ethyl
Acenaphthalene
Acetylene, phenyl-
rx
95%
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
325
213
320
321
36
691
599
339
838
862
36
96
826
103
121
36
253
215
40
582
582
200
214
308
369
818
215
214
103
308
641
922
456
456
456
458
197
197
197
197
977
977
977
1095
0.073
0.096
2.57
2.77
- 0.05
-0.032
-0.052
0.01
0.05
0.008
-0.009
0.01
0.057
0.97
0.98
1.06
1.75
3.4
2.507
1.49
0.38
0.34
0.73
0.01
1.91
0.037
1.4
1.4
0.87
4.48
1.08
0.364
0.24
0.37
0.38
0.53
2.09
2.69
-0.11
1.22
0.1
1.89
3.79
2.06
0.868
1.39
0.08
0.068
0.028
0.15
5.62
4.63
4.36
4.04
0.58
5.66
0.552
3.5
17.2
3.67
0.5
0.26
0.19
0.195
0.408
-0.027
0.53
0.55
0.74
1.2
-0.11
0.093
0.06
0.06
0.03
0.253
0.056
0.71
0.577
2.2
2.1
1.88
0.49
0.49
10
0.67
4.45
0.133
0.094
0.788
0.425
0.079
0.3
0.34
0.61
0.61
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
N
0.4
0.075
Y
Y
1.55
0.89
Y
N
0.25
1.77
0.057
0.03
0.063
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
0.59
0.053
Y
Y
2.09
0.007
0.059
0.16
0.058
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
1.72
0.1
0.48
0.025
0.034
0.082
0.048
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.04
0.23
0.17
0.03
Y
N
N
0.712
0.193
0.309
0.322
0.075
0.073
0.068
0.112
0.035
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
0.12
2.27
-0.01
0
0.67
0.53
0.9
0.7
0.51
0.233
0.161
0.215
0.189
0.179
0.164
0.162
0.178
0.217
3.81
0.324
0.004
0.018
0.028
0.42
0.25
2.79
0.21
0.039
0.95
9.39
0.03
9.3
0.1
0.11
0.068
0.14
0.26
1.17
0.34
0.77
0.594
0.309
0.096
1.12
0.04
0.09
0.02
0.069
0.028
0.051
0.05
0.014
0.015
0.015
0.02
0.009
0.02
0.158
5.65
3.92
0.64
0.43
1.2
0.24
1.45
3.29
1.57
1.29
1.4
0.923
0.747
0.635
1.12
0.568
0.33
0.33
1088
725
725
894
897
897
897
897
930
930
930
930
930
930
930
930
930
525
357
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Monomer 2
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein, 2-chloroAcrolein, methylAcrolein, methylAcrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide, 2-chloro-AyV-dimethylAcrylamide, AT,iV-dibutylAcrylamide, N,N-diethy\Acrylamide, JV,N-diethylAcrylamide, AW-diethyl
Acrylamide, AW-dimethylAcrylamide, iV,iV-dimethylAcrylamide, MW-dimethylAcrylamide, N-(2-propionamido)Acrylamide, N-methylolAcrylamide, N-methylolAcrylamide, N-octadecylAcrylamide, Af-octylAcrylamido, 1- , -1-deoxy-D-glucitol
Acrylamidomethylamino, p-, azobenzene
Acrylate, 2,3-dibromopropyl
Acrylate, 2,4,6-tribromophenyl
Acrylate, 2-chloroethylglucitol
Acrylate, 2-cyanoethyl
Acrylate, p-ethoxy-, ethyl
Acrylate, a-(4-chlorobenzyl)-, ethyl
Acrylate, a-(4-cyanobenzyl)-, ethyl
Acrylate, a-(4-methoxybenzyl)-, ethyl
Acrylate, a-(hydroxymethyl)-, methyl
Acrylate, a-[2,2-bis(carbomethoxy)ethyl]-, methyl
Acrylate, a-benzyl-, ethyl
Acrylate, oc-bromo-, ethyl
Acrylate, oc-butyl-, methyl
Acrylate, a-cyclohexyl-, methyl
Acrylate, a-ethyl-, methyl
Acrylate, a-ethyloxymethyl-, methyl
Acrylate, a-fluoro-, methyl
Acrylate, a-hexafluoropropyloxymethyl-,
methyl
Acrylate, a-isobutyl-, methyl
rx
1.026
0.257
0.22
0.205
0.02
0.173
0.41
1.17
1.21
1.49
1.13
0.65
1.05
1.29
1.6
1.23
1.36
1.54
1.15
1.37
1.32
1.84
0.03
1.55
2.08
2.715
2.42
0.083
0.42
0.277
0.2
0.55
0.494
0.54
0.49
0.399
0.96
0.94
0.35
0.27
0.34
46.98
0.04
0.06
0.33
0.36
0.58
95%
0.091
0.017
0.02
0.006
0.05
0.017
0.06
0.04
0.16
0.03
0.065
0.058
0.35
0.1
0.12
0.21
0.05
0.12
0.244
0.08
0.048
0.47
0.097
0.2
0.032
0.3
0.03
0.3
27.03
0.09
0.05
0.3
0.557
0.14
0.57
0.02
0.812
0.08
0.25
0.05
1.615
0.758
0.37
0.66
0.23
0.031
0.17
0.028
0.04
0.043
0.07
0.468
0.974
0.03
0.022
0.01
0.048
0.014
0.17
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
147
291
292
307
806
223
589
295
314
314
314
343
555
917
806
739
739
739
170
315
315
295
596
891
290
806
258
858
643
622
643
140
178
790
806
178
126
463
234
680
1091
194
806
806
806
932
1092
-0.013
0.216
0.02
0.32
0.15
0.833
0.3
0.58
1.32
0.33
0.59
8.97
0.2
-0.036
0.294
0.39
0.34
0.18
0.12
0.49
0.47
0.86
0.48
0.4
0.54
0.258
0.03
8.5
0.16
0.23
0.1
0.1
0.139
0.12
0.14
0.128
0.31
0.26
0.12
1.97
0.19
-0.21
1.03
0.65
0.71
0.34
0.09
0.009
0.036
0.01
0.002
0.07
0.092
Y
Y
N
Y
0.12
0.13
0.14
N
N
N
0.43
0.152
0.058
0.3
0.15
0.2
0.3
N
N
N
N
0.03
0.14
0.119
0.02
0.021
0.17
0.083
Y
Y
0.09
0.074
0.6
Y
N
0.01
0.35
N
N
0.44
0.13
0.09
0.24
0.173
0.9
0.175
0.44
0.205
0.32
0.3
0.61
-0.001
0.197
0.24
0.16
0.07
0.01
0.2
0.053
0.08
0.053
0.11
0.546
0.202
0.127
0.042
0.05
0.034
0.014
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
0.11
Y
Y
244
806
49
806
49
806
74
141
49
49
1047
806
1047
982
49
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Monomer 2
#*i
Acrylate, a-isopropyl-, methyl

1.872
Acrylate, a-isopropyloxymethyl-,
0.41
methyl
1.131
0.176
Acrylate, a-phenyl-, chloroethyl
0.025
0.06
0.03
0.06
1.176
Acrylate, a-phenyl-, propyl
0.03
Acrylate, a-phenyl-, butyl
0.04
Acrylate, a-propyl-, methyl
0.821
Acrylate, a-propyloxymethyl-, methyl
0.47
Acrylate, a-sec-butyl-, methyl
2.29
Acrylate, a-tetrafluoropropyloxymethyl-, 0.37
methyl
Acrylate, a-trifluoroethyloxymethyl-,
0.26
methyl
Acrylate, a-trimethylsiloxy-, methyl
0.46
Acrylate, benzyl
0.494
Acrylate, benzyl
0.534
Acrylate, butyl
0.79
Acrylate, butyl
0.79
Acrylate, butyl
0.75
Acrylate, butyl
1.23
Acrylate, butyl
0.44
Acrylate, butyl
0.84
Acrylate, butyl
0.66
Acrylate, butyl
0.82
Acrylate, butyl
0.8
Acrylate, butyl
0.698
Acrylate, butyl
0.698
Acrylate, c/s-(3-cyano-, methyl
Acrylate, cyclododecyl
0.47
0.54
0.461
0.913
0.885
Actylate, cyclohexyl
0.53
0.7
0.58
1.74
5.94
1.83
Acrylate, di-, zinc
1.1
-0.002
Acrylate, ethyl
0.699
Acrylate, ethyl
1.01
Acrylate, ethyl
0.79
Acrylate, ethyl
0.8
Acrylate, ethyl
0.8
Acrylate, ethyl
0.787
Acrylate, ethyl
0.787
1.87
2.3
2.5
Acrylate, glycidyl
0.6
Acrylate, glycidyl
0.73
0.31
Acrylate, isopropyl
0.755
Acrylate, methyl
0.82
Acrylate, methyl
0.192
Acrylate, methyl
0.722
95%
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
49
1047
0.052
0.036
0.26
0.034
0.078
0.05
0.015
0.513
0.256
0.201
1
0.4
0.45
1.275
0.126
0.107
0.208
0.29
0.004
0.17
0.058
0.102
0.09
Y
Y
0.008
0.063
0.055
0.07
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.024
0.015
0.015
0.022
0.029
0.068
0.2
0.05
0.028
0.08
0.11
0.1
0.21
0.03
0.2
1.42
0.2
0.248
0.25
0.34
0.38
-0.106
0.29
0.18
0.19
0.21
0.15
0.164
0.164
1047
0.12
0.041
0.05
0.06
0.05
0.099
0.05
0.03
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
0.14
0.08
0.07
0.107
0.102
0.11
0.12
0.1
0.03
0.05
0.02
0.02
0.016
0.34
0.31
0.301
0.272
0.254
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.56
0.12
0.53
0.9
0.046
0.15
0.08
0.072
0.048
0.141
0.13
0.09
0.07
0.09
0.08
0.06
0.07
0.035
0.072
0.139
0.16
0.19
0.2
0.48
0.152
0.152
-0.016
0.02
0.02
0.17
0.24
0.049
0.195
0.24
0.8
0.168
0.085
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
0.06
0.58
0.013
0.027
N
Y
Y
0.21
0.067
Y
Y
0.17
0.34
0.01
0.024
0.057
0.056
806
1048
488
141
399
488
49
488
488
49
1047
49
1047
1101
178
277
1032
1032
1032
19
20
38
38
463
549
612
632
1034
806
806
806
1061
806
806
806
806
829
829
829
829
652
652
178
463
530
530
542
673
677
293
293
576
114
126
206
178
139
14
151
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Monomer 2
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, octadecyl
Acrylate, octadecyl
Acrylate, octadecyl
Acrylate, octadecyl
Acrylate, octyl
Acrylate, p-(cinnamoylamino)phenyl
Acrylate, pentabromophenyl
Acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl
Acrylate, thio-, butyl
Acrylate, thio-, ethyl
Acrylate, thio-, tert-butyl
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid, 2-benzamidoAcrylic acid, Af-acetyl-oc-aminoAcrylic anhydride
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile- 2-chloroAcrylonitrile, 2-fluoroAcrylonitrile, a-chloroAcrylonitrile, a-fluoroAcrylonitrile, oc-hydroxymethylAcrylonitrile, a-methoxyAcryloyl chloride
Adipate, divinyl
Allyl acetate
Allyl acetate
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl glycidyl hexahydrophthalate
Allyl glycidyl phthalate
rx
0.75
0.75
0.68
0.9
0.65
0.4
0.871
0.777
0.44
0.79
0.44
0.39
1.08
0.16
2.11
0.475
0.439
0.18
0.157
1.4
1.4
0.25
1.1
0.15
0.22
0.253
0.25
0.25
0.15
0.13
0.91
0.16
0.33
0.29
0.4
0.36
0.39
0.37
0.37
0.4
0.3
0.33
0.33
0.36
0.46
0.41
0.43
0.55
0.35
0.014
0.13
0.44
0.205
0.534
0.1
0.06
20.36
62.8
90
35.55
36.8
34.3
34.8
95%
0.022
0.018
0.11
0.186
0.14
0.038
0.034
0.069
0.01
0.04
0.004
0.04
0.029
0.069
0.05
0.02
0.26
82.7
15.82
r2
0.18
0.18
0.14
0.07
0.3
0.16
0.148
0.37
0.18
0.31
0.18
0.01
0.35
0.1
0.9
0.489
0.421
0.291
0.368
0
0
0.05
0.08
0.25
0.35
0.136
0.15
0.45
0.25
0.78
0.44
0.1
0
0.02
0.05
0.03
0.06
0.05
0.07
0.04
0.17
0.17
0.15
0.17
0.07
0.06
0.03
0.06
0.01
0.087
0.03
0.03
0.528
0.312
0.02
0.64
0.011
0.01
0
0.05
0.03
0.06
0.14
95%
0.026
0.12
Conv.
Y
Y
0.53
0.196
0.17
0.075
0.055
0.029
0.004
0.06
0.04
Y
Y
0.02
0.086
0.054
0.02
0.02
0.011
0.05
0.16
Y
N
N
Y
N
Y
Y
Refs.
393
397
463
495
496
496
865
290
290
290
290
806
685
643
900
806
806
806
806
595
598
312
312
397
414
47
490
542
561
1019
661
219
140
198
269
396
403
417
543
60
727
727
727
727
727
727
727
727
812
884
884
806
850
981
806
220
651
815
1053
470
10
204
438
782
782
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Monomer 2
Allyl trichloroacetate
Azlactone, 2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylAzobenzene,
4-(acrylamidomethylamino)Benzimidazole, vinylmercaptoBenzothiazole, vinylmercaptoBenzothiazole, vinylmercaptoBenzothiazolone,
N- [(methacroyloxy )methyl]
Benzoxazole, vinylmercaptoBicyclo[2,2,l]hept-2-ene5,6-dicarboximide, iV-benzyl
Bicyclo[2,2,l]hept-2-ene5,6-dicarboximide, N-benzyl
Borazine, (3-vinyl
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butadiene, 1,4-dicarboxylate-, diethyl
Butadiene, 1-chloroButadiene, 1-phthalimidoButadiene, 1-succimmidoButadiene, 2,3-dichloroButadiene, 2,3-dichloroButadiene, 2,3-dimethylButadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-fluoroButadiene, 2-fluoroButadiene, 2-trimethylsilyloxyButadiene-1-carboxylate,
5(-)-a-phenethyl
Butadiene- 1-carboxylic acid
Butenoate, 3-phenyl-3-, methyl
Bntyrolactone, a-methyleneCaprolactam, N-vinylCarbamate, N, N-diethyl-, vinyl
Carbazole, N-methyl-3-vinylCarbazole, JV-vinylCarbazole, Af-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCinnamate, 2-chloroethyl
Cinnamate, a-cyano-, 2-ethylhexyl
Cinnamate, oc-cyano-, benzyl
Cinnamate, a-cyano-, butyl
Cinnamate, a-cyano-, cyclohexyl
Cinnamate, a-cyano-, hexyl
Cinnamate, benzyl
Cinnamate, butyl
Cinnamate, ethyl
Cinnamate, ethyl
r\
95%
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
913
1011
880
2.32
0.175
0.083
0.15
0.054
8.5
0.81
0.237
0.02
0.129
6.51
2.171
3.02
0.35
0.51
0.07
0.14
0.02
0.56
0.349
0.5
3.1
0.41
0.087
0.095
0.01
Y
Y
Y
764
764
764
960
0.19
0.24
0
0.12
764
994
2.87
18.2
89.2
4.53
0.84
0.37
0.38
0
0.62
0.4
0.25
0.001
1.44
1.55
1.37
994
0.016
0.56
0.14
Y
N
Y
0.58
0.44
0.6
0.44
0.38
0.68
0.82
0.83
0.64
0.09
0.27
0.299
0.286
0.25
0.05
0.534
0.05
0.025
0.214
0.22
0.64
0.45
0.13
1.35
1.59
1.8
1.4
1.4
0.5
1.38
1.83
1.38
0.55
1.44
1.56
1.68
8.65
10.6
1.048
7.84
5.98
2.1
1.24
1.2
6.81
0.12
0.15
0.08
1.97
0.14
0.2
29.56
0.735
6
5.93
5.72
1.394
0.58
0.4
0.47
0.37
0.364
0.01
0.01
3.59
0.067
1.34
1.05
0.4
0.068
0.004
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.56
0.52
5.55
-0.532
0.85
1.02
-0.08
1.404
-0.02
0.026
0.032
0.01
-0.06
-0.16
- 0.09
- 0.24
0.512
0.06
0.01
0.18
0.146
0.06
0.034
0.057
0.11
0.01
0.17
0.08
0.22
0.39
0.4
1.33
1.757
1.52
1.566
0.04
0.06
0.12
0.082
0.31
0.035
-0.17
-0.21
0.14
0.04
-0.076
0.082
0.26
0.35
0.13
0.15
0.054
0.045
0.13
0.21
0.014
0.27
0.049
0.018
0.035
0.047
0.03
0.15
0.11
0.41
N
Y
0.1
3.1
0.63
0.16
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.5
0.12
0.61
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
1.68
0.066
Y
N
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
1018
140
159
173
21
418
428
473
486
486
491
56
83
83
327
695
163
163
587
61
173
61
8
174
174
993
748
791
791
799
1008
663
916
197
806
11
13
98
488
282
282
282
282
134
282
282
488
488
200
488
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Monomer 2
Cinnamate, methyl
Cinnamate, methyl
Cinnamate, p-chloro-, methyl
Cinnamate, /?-methyl-, methyl
Cinnamate, phenyl
Cinnamate, tert-buty\
Cinnamide, AW-diethylCinnamide, p-chloro-, N, N-diethylCinnamide, /?-methyl-, 7V,N-diethylCinnamonitrile
Cinnamonitrile, a-cyanoCitraconate, di-^c-butyl
Citraconate, dibenzyl
Citraconate, dibutyl
Citraconate, dicyclohexyl
Citraconate, diethyl
Citraconate, diisobutyl
Citraconate, diisopropyl
Citraconate, dimethyl
Citraconate, dipropyl
Citraconic acid
Citraconic anhydride
Citraconimide, P-iso-,
A^-(4-acetylphenyl)Citraconimide, p-iso-,
N-(4-chlorophenyl)Citraconimide, p-iso-,
Ar-(4-ethoxycarbonylphenyl)Citraconimide, p-iso-,
Af(4-methoxyphenyl)Citraconimide, P-iso-, N-(p-to\y\)Citraconimide, P-iso-, N-phenylCitraconimide, N-(4-acetoxyphenyl)Citraconimide, JV-(4-chlorophenyl)Citraconimide,
Af-(4-ethoxycarbonylphenyl)Citraconimide, AH4-methoxyphenyl)Citraconimide, N-allyl
Citraconimide, N-benzylCitraconimide, N-butylCitraconimide, Af-ethylCitraconimide, N-hexylCitraconimide, N-isobutylCitraconimide, N-isopropylCitraconimide, N-methylCitraconimide, N-methylCitraconimide, N-phenylCitraconimide, N-propylCitraconimide, N-tert-buty\Citraconimide, 7V-tolylCitraconimide, a-iso-,
A^-(4-acetylphenyl)Citraconimide, a-iso-,
Af-(4-chlorophenyl)Citraconimide, a-iso-,
Af-(4-ethoxycarbonylphenyl)Citraconimide, a-iso-,
N-(4-methoxyphenyl)Citraconimide, a-iso-, N-(p-toly\)Citraconimide, a-iso-, Af-phenylCrotonaldehyde
Crotonaldehyde
Crotonaldehyde
Crotonate, a-bromo-, ethyl
rx
1.799
1.27
2.24
2.84
1.66
1.692
4.17
2.99
4.95
2.549
2
1.55
2.74
1.88
2.48
1.8
1.62
1.58
2.19
1.36
0.16
0.42
95%
0.073
0.12
0.087
0.092
0.15
r2
0.04
0.02
0.04
0
0.029
0.1
0.01
0.01
0.01
-0.008
0.13
0.047
0.054
0.03
0.029
0.03
0.076
0.049
0.027
0
0.021
0
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.13
0.055
0.12
Y
Y
0.021
Y
Y
0.058
488
653
653
653
488
488
737
737
737
134
134
841
841
841
841
841
841
841
841
841
1021
47
608
0.28
608
0.3
608
0.27
608
0.4
0.39
0.151
0.181
0.148
0
0
0.015
0.075
0.004
608
608
728
728
728
0.63
0.142
0.19
0.169
0.231
0.316
0.326
0.244
0.15
0.14
0.175
0.196
0.465
0.31
0.81
0.054
0.057
0.018
0.19
0.087
0.028
0.044
0.086
0.094
0.055
0.016
0.062
0.039
0.13
0.04
0.004
-0.066
0.03
-0.002
-0.03
0.07
-0.014
0.24
0.24
-0.001
-0.014
0.045
-0.02
0
0.086
0.093
0.033
Y
Y
Y
0.11
0.082
0.045
0.05
0.11
0.14
0.063
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.023
0.087
0.05
0.18
Y
Y
Y
Y
728
959
714
714
714
714
714
714
460
506
728
714
714
728
608
1.03
608
0.96
608
0.39
608
0
0
0.03
0.07
0.12
0
0
608
608
428
428
428
785
785
1.69
1.76
14.7
14.7
14.7
2.7
4.42
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Monomer 2
ri
Crotonate, oc-carboethoxy-, ethyl

8.24
Crotonate, oc-chloro-, ethyl
5.13
0.26
Crotonate, oc-methoxy-, methyl
18.4
30.7
Crotonate, ethyl
27
Crotonate, methyl
9.68
Crotonic acid
20
Crotononitrile
23.29
Crotononitrile
23.8
Crotononitrile, a-phenyl0.43
Cyclobutane, 1,2-dimethylene0.26
Cyclobutane, 1,2-dimethylene0.28
Cyclopentene, 4-, -1,3-dione
Diallyl melamine
36.96
Diallyl phthalate
36.41
Diallyl phthalate
25.59
Diallyl phthalate
23.67
Diallyl phthalate
18.8
Diallyl phthalate
27.5
Diallyl phthalate
16.9
Diallyl phthalate
23.8
Diallyl phthalate
15.1
Dihydroxydiphenylsulfone diallyl ether 0.975
Dithiane, 2-methylene-l,30.03
Divinylbenzene, m0.58
Divinylbenzene, p 0.26
Ethylene
14.88
Ethylene, 1,1 -diphenyl0.34
Ethylene, 1-diphenyl0.33
Ethylene, chlorotrifluoro4.38
Ethylene, dichloro-, cis3.1
Ethylene, p-vinyl-1,1 -diphenyl0.46
Ethylene, tetrachloroEthylene, tetrachloro200
Ethylene, tetrachloroEthylene, tetrachloro187
Ethylene, tetrachloro185
Ethylene, tetrafluoro5.2
Ethylene, trichloro17.1
Ethylene, trichloro16
Formaldehyde,-S-vinyl-O7.75
ethylthioacetal
Fumarate, allyl methyl
0.25
Fumarate, bis(2-butyl)
0.51
Fumarate, bis(3-chloro-2-butyl)
0.26
Fumarate, di-(2-chloroethyl)
0.18
Fumarate, di-(2-cyanoethyl)
0.07
Fumarate, di-(2-methoxyethyl)
0.35
Fumarate, di-(2-phenylethyl)
0.27
Fumarate, di-ôbutyl
0.55
Fumarate, di-tert-amyl
0.69
Fumarate, di-terf-butyl
0.57
Fumarate, dibenzyl
0.32
Fumarate, dibutyl
0.35
Fumarate, dicyclohexyl
0.49
Fumarate, dicyclopentyl
0.3
95%
1.86
1.7
0.05
4.02
1.23
2.19
1.2
0.015
0.15
0.25
0.01
0.02
0.99
4.9
30.3
2.64
r2
0
0
0.02
0.04
0.02
0
-0.27
0
-0.012
0
0
3.6
3.6
-0.32
0.041
0.026
0.038
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.1
0.13
0.92
3.35
0.58
1.18
0.05
-0.02
1.15
0.01
-0.1
-3.1
-2.2
-0.28
-0.02
0.067
1.31
95%
Conv.
0.22
0.06
0.16
0.2
0.038
0.071
0.04
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.16
0.04
0.17
N
N
0.01
0.02
0.21
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.12
0.062
0.053
Y
Y
11
0.68
0.01
0.04
0.04
0
0
0.01
0
0
0
0
-0.006
0.32
0.03
0
- 0.06
0
0.09
0.03
0
0.04
0.08
0.04
0
0.04
0.06
0.06
0.37
0.24
Y
Y
0.02
0.01
0.03
N
N
N
Refs.
785
785
785
785
785
785
112
402
112
785
785
854
885
263
201
152
152
152
152
152
152
152
152
1016
1031
262
262
615
281
901
189
236
137
137
40
9
9
742
204
204
40
40
59
567
40
40
40
40
59
273
713
249
249
1038
1038
1038
1038
1038
1038
1038
1038
1038
1038
1038
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Monomer 2
Fumarate, diethyl
Fumarate, diethyl
Fumarate, diethyl
Fumarate, diethyl
Fumarate, diethyl
Fumarate, diethyl
Fumarate, diethyl
Fumarate, diisobutyl
Fumarate, dimethyl
Fumarate, dipropyl
Fumarate, isopropyl butyl
Fumarate, isopropyl ethyl
Fumarate, isopropyl isobutyl
Fumarate, isopropyl methyl
Fumarate, isopropyl sec-butyl
Fumarate, methyl butyl
Fumarate, methyl ethyl
Fumarate, methyl isobutyl
Fumarate, methyl isopropyl
Fumarate, methyl propyl
Fumarate, methyl sec-butyl
Fumarate, methyl
tert-amyl
Fumarate, methyl tert-butyl
Fumarate, mono-2-butyl
Fumarate, tert-butyl 2-ethylhexyl
Fumarate, tert-butyl 4-methyl-2-pentyl
Fumarate, tert-butyl ethyl
Fumarate, tert-butyl isoamyl
Fumarate, tert-butyl methyl
Fumarate, tert-butyl sec-butyl
Fumaronitrile
Fumaronitrile
Fumaronitrile
Fumaronitrile
Fumaronitrile
Fumaryl chloride
Furan, 2,3-dihydroHexatriene, tetrachloroHexene, 1-, 3,4-dioic anhydride
Hexene-1,5-dicarboxylate, dimethyl
Imidazole, 1-vinylImidazole, l-vinyl-2-methylImidazole, l-vinyl-2-methylIsoprene
Isoprene
Isoprene
Isoprene
Isoprene
Isoprene, 3-acetoxyIsopropenyl methyl ketone
rt
0.29
6.3
0.394
0.3
0.31
0.36
0.29
0.37
0.4
0.39
0.32
0.42
0.3
0.46
0.3
0.54
0.36
0.32
0.32
0.3
0.28
0.45
0.53
0.45
0.33
0.54
0.57
0.25
0.45
0.45
0.55
0.202
0.294
0.3
95%
0.26
0.06
0.02
0.03
0.058
0.044
r2
0.02
0.081
0.11
0.07
O
0.1
0.02
0.05
0.055
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.16
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.16
0.05
0.02
0.06
0.03
- 0.04
0.01
0.01
0.04
0.06
0.03
0.07
-0.016
0.006
0
95%
Conv.
0.005
0.022
Y
Y
0.01
0.03
0.021
Y
Y
Y
0.031
Y
Y
20
0.123
8.57
3.63
17.17
0.031
0.049
0.066
0.07
0.171
0.179
0.173
0.121
0.24
0.014
0.044
0.028
0.678
9.94
8.87
8.97
0.513
0.476
0.44
0.42
0.48
0.34
0.44
0.0428
8.4
5.6
436
0.031
0.24
0.62
0.02
0.018
0
0.85
-0.052
-0.08
-0.54
1.22
1.38
1.52
1.73
1.91
1.91
2.07
2.46
2.69
2.93
3.19
4.11
0.196
0.071
0.09
0.07
1.922
1.957
1.98
2.02
1.3
4.47
0.29
0.22
1
1,17
5.83
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.043
0.029
0.064
Y
Y
Y
0.016
0.011
Y
Y
Refs.
1038
139
139
139
249
562
640
1038
1038
1038
1038
1056
1056
1056
1056
1056
1056
1056
1056
1056
1056
1056
1056
1056
249
1056
1056
1056
1056
1056
1056
137
191
199
478
77
91
806
4
933
933
933
931
931
931
931
931
931
931
931
931
931
931
931
828
364
364
479
366
366
544
544
83
770
542
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Monomer 2
Isopropenylacetophenone, pIsopropenylisocyanate
Isopropylidene, 2,3:4,5-di-O-,
-1-vinylbenzylItaconamate, A^-(4-carboethoxyphenyl)-,
butyl
Itaconamate, 7V-(4-carboethoxyphenyl)-,
ethyl
methyl
propyl
Itaconamate, N-(4-chlorophenyl)-, ethyl
Itaconamate, A^-(4-chlorophenyl)-,
methyl
Itaconamate, Af-(-chlorophenyl)-, propyl
Itaconamate, N-(4-methoxyphenyl-,
butyl
ethyl
Itaconamate, A^-(4-methoxyphenyl)-,
methyl
Itaconamate, Af-(4-methoxyphenyl)-,
propyl
Itaconamate, N-(4-methylphenyl)-,
butyl
Itaconamate, A^-(4-methlyphenyl)-,
ethyl
Itaconamate, N-(4-methylphenyl)-,
methyl
Itaconamate, A^-(4-methylphenyl)-,
propyl
Itaconamate, N-phenyl, methyl
Itaconamate, N-phenyl-, butyl
Itaconamate, N-phenyl, ethyl
Itaconamate, A^-phenyl-, propyl
Itaconate, di-2[-2(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl
Itaconate, diamyl
Itaconate, dibutyl
Itaconate, diethyl
Itaconate, dimethyl
Itaconate, dimethyl
Itaconate, dimethyl
Itaconate, dioctyl
Itaconate, dipropyl
Itaconate, ethyl hexafluoroisopropyl
Itaconate, glycidyl methyl
Itaconic acid
Itaconic acid
Itaconic anhydride
Itaconic anhydride
Itaconic anhydride
Itaconimide, A^-(2-chloroethyl)Itaconimide, N-(4-acetoxyphenyl)Itaconimide, N-(4-chlorophenyl)-
rY
0.32
1.59
0.3
8.12
6.84
0.14
95%
0.18
0.18
0.055
r2
0.66
0.56
0.84
0.07
0.122
3.26
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.59
0.047
1.12
Y
Y
542
770
266
434
99
772
0.2
0.61
678
0.23
0.2
678
0.15
0.58
678
0.26
0.4
678
0.35
0.38
0.16
0.18
678
678
0.39
0.12
0.31
0.69
678
678
0.33
0.34
678
0.26
0.41
678
0.38
0.4
678
0.19
0.31
678
0.38
0.26
678
0.3
0.16
678
0.54
0.19
678
0.39
0.12
0.45
0.31
0.5
0.53
0.022
0.18
0.49
0.21
0.52
0.18
0.2
0.015
678
678
678
1059
678
1098
0.36
0.42
0.23
0.502
0.05
0.06
0.11
0.188
0.5
0.34
0.34
0.483
0.09
0.05
0.12
0.364
N
N
N
Y
N
0.12
0.06
0.035
0.079
0.052
0.15
0.11
0.086
N
N
N
0.67
0.09
0.09
0.05
0.092
0.21
0.18
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.48
0.5
0.33
0.16
0.435
0.376
0.029
0.34
0.52
0.404
0.34
0.26
0.004
0.086
0.003
0.069
0.35
0.159
0.16
0.07
0.025
0.036
0.039
0.077
0.085
0.06
0.08
0.01
0.015
0.005
0.045
0.12
0.084
0.14
0.06
0.14
0.28
0.039
0.041
0.111
0.33
0.33
0.218
0
0.12
0.405
0.456
0.785
0.162
0.21
0.2
Y
Y
Y
Y
39
39
39
975
39
398
586
39
39
1103
806
656
656
656
656
420
76
365
62
62
642
729
729
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Monomer 2
rx
Itaconimide,
0.232
iV-(4-ethoxycarbonylphenyl)
Itaconimide, Af-(/?-chlorophenyl)0.15
Itaconimide, N-(p-tolyl)0.16
Itaconimide, N-benzyl0.056
Itaconimide, Af-butyl0.22
Itaconimide, AT-ethyl
0.232
Itaconimide, AMsobutyl0.44
Itaconimide, Af-Isopropyl0.308
Itaconimide, Af-methyl0.153
Itaconimide, Af-naphthyl0.08
Itaconimide, Af-phenyl0.116
Itaconimide, N-phenyl0.05
Itaconimide, AT-phenyl0.05
Itaconimide, JV-propyl0.28
Itaconimide, N-tolyl0.134
Maleamic acid,
0.55
A^3-dimethylamino-6-methyl
Maleate, allyl methyl
8.29
Maleate, butyl stannyl, allyl
0.1
Maleate, chloro-, diethyl
2.07
2.08
Maleate, diethyl
6.59
Maleate, diethyl
Maleate, diethyl
8
Maleate, diethyl
6.07
Maleate, diethyl
6.592
Maleate, dimethyl
10.65
Maleate, dimethyl
0.083
Maleate, monoallyl
0.14
Maleic anhydride
0.097
Maleic anhydride
0.04
Maleic anhydride
0.02
Maleic anhydride
0
Maleic anhydride
0.02
Maleic anhydride
0.02
Maleic anhydride
0.04
Maleic anhydride
0.04
Maleic anhydride
0.04
Maleic anhydride
0.05
Maleic anhydride
0.02
Maleic anhydride
0.04
Maleic anhydride
0.04
Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride, a-chloro0.07
Maleimide
0.057
Maleimide, A^-(2,6-diethylphenyl)0.19
Maleimide, A^-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)0.14
Maleimide, N-(2-chlorophenyl)0.011
Maleimide, 7V-(2-chlorophenyl)0.038
Maleimide, A^-(2-chlorophenyl)0.013
Maleimide, AH2-chlorophenyl)0.038
Maleimide, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)0.046
Maleimide, A^-(3-dimethylaminophenyl)- 0.03
Maleimide, AK4-bromophenyl)0.02
Maleimide, A^-(4-carboxyethylphenyl)0.059
a-chloroMaleimide, A^-(4-chlorophenyl)0.149
oc-chloroMaleimide, N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-0.059
Maleimide, A^-(4-methoxyphenyl)0.112
a-chloroMaleimide, 7V-(4-methylphenyl)0.107
oc-chloroMaleimide, 7V-(p-chloroethyl)-a-chloro- 0.29
95%
0.032
r2
0.112
0.248
0.12
0.031
0.03
0.14
0.24
0.2
-0.019
0.172
-0.03
0.045
0.12
0.35
0.109
0.08
0.998
0.04
0.219
-0.19
0.14
0.02
0.14
0.118
0.46
0.02
0.06
-0.043
0.194
-0.013
0.048
0.03
0.029
0.11
0.043
0.069
0.043
95%
0.054
Conv.
Y
0.11
0.04
0.06
0.11
0.064
0.12
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.082
0.123
0.18
0.079
0.03
N
Y
Y
N
0.01
0.03
0.021
0.121
0.022
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.01
0.12
0.058
0.02
0.008
0.13
0.03
0.01
Y
Y
N
N
Y
N
N
Refs.
729
740
740
642
642
642
642
642
642
740
729
740
978
642
729
679
0.036
0.002
0.003
0.005
0.003
0.027
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.007
0.041
Y
Y
713
811
14
987
139
14
640
874
888
137
317
811
105
12
17
241
384
397
483
506
522
522
522
522
522
923
845
251
992
992
853
853
910
910
323
747
1030
973
0.019
0.038
973
0.041
0.031
0.13
0.049
0.1
0.061
Y
Y
323
973
0.048
0.019
0.078
973
0.05
0.06
0.07
2.81
0.015
0.01
0.002
0.12
0.003
0.01
0.07
0.01
0.001
0.15
0.105
0.07
0.001
0
0.003
0.02
0
0
0.02
0.01
0.001
0.005
0.01
0.02
0.05
0.006
0.021
0
0.088
0.02
0.08
0.013
0.028
0.01
0.006
0.011
0.19
0.018
0.022
0.048
0.012
0.004
0.006
0.012
0.028
0.017
974
TABLE 1.
Monomer 1
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
cont'd
Monomer 2
Maleimide, TV-[TV'-(a-methylbenzyl)aminocarbonylpentyl] Maleimide, AKN'-(a-methylbenzyl)aminocarbonylundecy 1] Maleimide, TV-allyl
Maleimide, iV-benzylMaleimide, TV-benzyl-a-chloroMaleimide, TV-butylMaleimide, TV-butylMaleimide, TV-cyclohexylMaleimide, TV-cyclohexylMaleimide, TV-ethyl-a-chloroMaleimide, TV-hexylMaleimide, iV-hydroxymethylMaleimide, TV-methyl-a-chloroMaleimide, TV-phenylMaleimide, TV-phenylMaleimide, TV-phenylMaleimide, TV-phenyl-a-chloroMaleimide-TV,TV-dimethylaniline,
4-(2-chlorophenyl)Mesaconate, di-sec-butyldithiol
Mesaconate, diamyl
Mesaconate, dibenzyl
Mesaconate, dibenzyldithiol
Mesaconate, dibutyl
Mesaconate, dibutyldithiol
Mesaconate, dicyclohexyl
Mesaconate, diethyl
Mesaconate, diethyldithiol
Mesaconate, dihexyl
Mesaconate, diisoamyl
Mesaconate, diisobutyl
Mesaconate, diisobutyldithiol
Mesaconate, diisopropyl
Mesaconate, diisopropyldithiol
Mesaconate, dimethyl
Mesaconate, dimethyldithiol
Mesaconate, dioctyl
Mesaconate, diphenyl
Mesaconate, diphenyldithiol
Mesaconate, dipropyl
Mesaconate, dipropyldithiol
Mesaconic acid
Methacrylamide
Methacrylamide
Methacrylamide, TV-phenylMethacrylate, 2,2,6,6,-tetramethyl4-piperidinyl
rx
0.198
0.056
0.058
0.42
95%
0.143
r2
0.258
0.021
0.06
0.035
0.013
0
0.017
0.05
0.069
0.053
0.04
0.06
0.1
0.162
0
0.09
0.06
0
95%
0.25
0.031
0.06
Conv.
Refs.
1099
1099
Y
Y
0.02
0.102
-0.01
0.9
-0.041
-0.035
0.63
0.016
0.07
0.087
0.05
0.45
1.27
0.73
0.28
1.28
0.41
1.25
1.24
0.4
1.51
1.34
1.29
0.41
1.31
0.44
0.98
0.35
1.23
0.45
0.16
1.22
0.39
1.6
1.4
1.42
2.09
1.24
0.63
0.41
0.37
0.44
0.32
0.121
0.35
0.345
0.42
0.44
0.332
0.57
0.5
0.59
0.53
0.004
0.04
0.13
0.17
0.06
0.02
0.068
0.046
0.048
0.02
0.006
0.044
0.01
- 0.002
0.04
0.02
0.02
0.08
0.06
0.05
0.05
0.1
0.06
0.03
0.1
0.07
0.1
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.04
0.07
0.01
0.07
0.15
0.05
0.06
0
0.48
1.24
0.005
0.88
0.3
0.28
0.6
0.58
0.41
0.243
0.341
0.34
0.23
0.54
0.856
0.65
1.65
0.53
0.59
0.054
0.04
0.16
0.11
0.03
Y
Y
Y
0.017
N
Y
0.073
0.2
0.38
N
N
0.17
0.04
0.15
0.075
0.08
Y
Y
0.03
0.018
N
Y
1003
348
974
115
50
1100
348
974
348
323
974
1026
328
992
973
747
624
658
658
624
658
624
658
658
624
658
658
658
624
658
624
658
624
658
658
624
658
624
1021
316
316
258
352
664
787
564
346
657
927
179
179
382
346
350
463
878
878
903
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Monomer 2
rx
0.5
Methacrylate, 2-methoxyethyl
0.46
0.786
0.486
0.61
0.384
Methacrylate, 2-phenethyl
0.56
0.89
Methacrylate, 5-oxo-pyrrolidinylmethyl 0.342
Methacrylate, A^-methyl-7V-phenyl0.44
2-aminoethyl
Methacrylate, a-naphthoyloxy-, ethyl
0.216
Methacrylate, acetonyl
0.285
Methacrylate, amyl
0.52
0.463
0.435
0.45
0.48
0.8
Methacrylate, bornyl
0.45
Methacrylate, butyl
0.56
Methacrylate, butyl
-0.05
Methacrylate, butyl
0.52
Methacrylate, butyl
0.63
Methacrylate, butyl
0.54
Methacrylate, butyl
0.74
0.208
Methacrylate, cyanomethyl
0.144
Methacrylate, cyclohexyl
0.586
Methacrylate, di-ethylene glycol
0.39
0.528
Methacrylate, ethyl
0.55
Methacrylate, ethyl
0.67
Methacrylate, ethyl
0.65
Methacrylate, ethyl
0.55
3.63
3.6
0.54
0.278
0.47
0.44
0.45
0.31
0.11
0.435
Methacrylate, hexyl
0.58
Methacrylate, isobornyl
0.61
0.509
0.56
0.55
0.5
0.47
Methacrylate, m-chlorophenyl
0.375
Methacrylate,
ra-nitrophenyl
0.44
Methacrylate, methoxymethyl
0.395
0.5
0.52
0.52
0.48
0.52
0.49
0.45
0.58
0.44
0.396
95%
0.16
0.117
0.195
0.225
0.025
0.14
0.013
0.04
0.043
0.041
0.11
0.041
0.026
0.32
0.12
1.09
0.006
0.011
0.088
0.15
0.05
0.062
0.14
0.07
0.086
0.02
0.04
0.045
0.033
0.07
0.45
0.014
0.05
0.16
0.014
0.048
r2
1.65
0.48
0.113
0.321
0.576
0.216
0.534
0.63
0.411
0.58
0.242
0.505
0.46
0.658
0.467
0.51
0.42
0.3
0.5
0.31
2.52
0.47
0.64
0.64
0.59
0.298
0.28
0.57
0.67
0.3
0.36
0.26
0.29
0.33
-0.019
0.01
0.16
0.539
0.46
0.54
0.55
0.74
0.73
0.514
0.44
0.24
0.271
0.58
0.4
0.42
0.74
0.209
0.185
0.586
0.5
0.46
0.46
0.42
0.45
0.46
0.47
0.48
0.5
0.22
95%
Conv.
0.126
0.098
0.477
0.422
0.099
0.21
0.033
0.02
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
N
0.018
0.115
0.2
0.084
0.048
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.38
0.2
1.1
Y
N
0.03
0.041
0.28
0.08
0.1
0.12
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
0.022
0.03
0.04
0.08
N
Y
N
0.1
0.284
0.098
0.13
0.3
0.036
N
N
Y
Y
0.013
0.054
0.069
Y
Y
Y
0.13
Refs.
903
918
924
924
924
924
540
335
633
651
1102
958
179
111
179
487
540
602
806
179
43
463
530
530
835
712
625
179
262
179
179
530
530
570
293
576
114
217
225
225
463
849
893
999
179
806
179
463
487
463
541
177
177
821
138
139
179
20
21
21
21
21
21
241
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Monomer 2
Methacrylate, octyl
Methacrylate, octyl
Methacrylate, /?-(cinnamoylamino)phenyl
Methacrylate,/7-carbomethoxyphenyl
Methacrylate, /?-chlorophenyl
Methacrylate,/7-methoxyphenyl
Methacrylate, p-nitrophenyl
Methacrylate, tert-buty\
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
T1
0.42
0.49
0.564
0.585
0.44
0.47
0.54
0.52
0.38
0.52
0.54
0.44
0.52
0.5
0.56
0.53
0.485
0.48
0.371
0.62
0.52
0.5
0.55
0.55
0.41
0.472
0.497
0.432
0.57
0.275
0.338
0.65
0.56
0.62
0.482
0.34
0.499
0.49
0.223
0.246
0.247
0.26
0.565
0.2
0.545
0.21
0.22
0.2
0.15
0.2
0.38
0.124
0.17
0.041
0.067
0.627
0.55
0.221
0.13
0.1
0.37
0.38
0.43
0.34
95%
0.14
0.047
0.007
0.08
0.052
0.059
0.055
0.1
0.084
0.11
0.089
0.25
0.09
0.049
0.064
0.081
0.1
0.054
0.02
0.04
0.04
0.092
0.03
0.046
0.031
0.06
0.048
0.01
r2
0.32
0.418
0.54
0.478
0.45
0.45
0.49
0.47
0.48
0.46
0.42
0.5
0.46
0.44
0.49
0.49
0.409
0.504
0.611
0.59
0.6
0.63
0.58
0.64
0.41
0.454
0.464
0.422
0.41
0.314
0.512
0.56
0.68
0.31
0.178
0.243
0.244
0.225
0.185
0.48
0.55
0.51
0.38
-0.2
0.61
0.55
0.64
0.66
0.49
0.56
0.28
0.602
0.85
0.631
0.6
0.44
0.39
0.12
0.27
0.33
0.41
0.42
0.28
0.21
95%
Conv.
0.085
0.029
0.011
0.01
Y
Y
Y
N
0.02
0.026
0.028
Y
Y
Y
0.05
0.16
Y
Y
0.027
0.022
0.026
0.04
0.039
0.23
0.33
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.11
2.46
0.51
0.66
Y
N
Y
N
0.08
0.19
N
N
0.088
0.146
0.249
0.089
0.199
0.118
0.02
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Refs.
241
254
254
287
324
324
403
416
451
463
492
492
505
531
531
534
751
751
751
753
753
753
753
753
753
824
824
824
835
860
920
179
463
685
177
177
177
177
177
177
179
463
179
359
179
166
166
203
312
313
313
47
812
842
842
842
842
842
219
275
311
311
542
707
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Monomer 2
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane
Methacryloylacetone
Methacryloyloxy, 2-, benzoate, methyl
Methacryloyloxy, 2-, benzoic acid
Methacryloyloxy, 4-,
2,2,6,6-tetramethyl
Methyleneglutaronitrile, 2Methyleneglutaronitrile, 2Methyleneglutaronitrile, 2Myrcene
AW-Divinylaniline
N-Vinylimidazole
Naphthalene, 1-vinylNaphthalene, l-vinyl-4-chloroNaphthalene, 2-vinylNaphthalene, 2-vinyl-6-chloroNaphthalene, 6-vinyl-2-tert-butyl
Oct-1-ene, 4,8-dioxaspiro(2,5)Oct-1-ene, 6,6-dimethyl-4,8-dioxaspiro
Oxazolidone, N-vinylOxazoline, 2-, 2-isopropenyl4,4-dimethyl
Oxazoline, 2-, 4-acryloxymethyl2,4-dimethyl
Oxazoline, 2-isopropenylOxirane, 4-vinylphenylPentadienoate, trans-4-ethoxy-2,4-, ethyl
Pentadienonitrile, trans-4-ethoxy-2,4Penten, 2-,-4-one
Phenol, 3-(methacryloylamino)Phenol, 4-(methacryloylamino)Phosphate, 2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl diethyl
Phosphate, vinyl bis(chloroethyl)
Phosphazene, isopropenylpentafluoroPhosphonate, 2-(4-vinylphenyl)ethyl,
diethyl
Phosphonate, 4-vinylphenyl, diethyl
Phosphonate, oc-carbomethoxyvinyl-,
diethyl
Phosphonate, vinyl-, dibutyl
Phosphonate, vinyl-, diispropyl
rx
0.25
0.34
0.36
0.069
0.067
0.27
0.15
0.6
0.09
0.42
0.5
0.85
0.891
5.38
8.377
0.699
0.76
0.395
0.39
0.616
1.831
1.93
29.42
0.55
95%
0.014
0.007
0.04
0.04
0.52
0.015
0.36
0.149
0.233
0.68
0.049
0.6
0.069
0.027
0.098
2.19
r2
0.25
0.21
0.58
0.164
1.66
0.48
1.17
0.32
0.7
-0.02
0.02
0.25
1.38
0.033
0.68
2.02
0.75
1.345
2.44
1.014
0.246
0.271
-0.029
0.68
95%
Conv.
0.045
0.16
0.02
0.03
Y
Y
N
N
1.3
0.081
0.067
0.02
0.401
0.45
0.093
1.38
0.244
0.024
0.109
0.014
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Refs.
75
835
951
660
339
651
651
687
746
196
196
512
1062
45
879
967
806
806
806
806
838
838
36
596
0.56
0.14
596
0.67
0.78
0.04
0.08
13.84
0.5
0.71
0.629
0.612
0.595
0.597
0.633
0.61
0.599
2.47
1.6
0.55
0.64
1.06
12.2
11.8
-0.033
0.99
0.86
0.171
0.15
0.146
0.168
0.094
0.23
0.108
0.03
-0.121
1.36
862
1001
723
723
112
896
896
971
971
971
971
971
971
971
133
765
796
0.57
0.06
0.04
0.003
0.004
0.005
0.044
0.002
0.018
0.002
0.78
0.27
0.7
3.88
8.6
2.46
2.3
2.2
6.32
6.32
4.97
4.36
1.59
2.45
3.87
2.57
4.61
2.45
2.45
0.055
0.04
0.03
0.01
0.05
0.073
0.355
0.02
0.187
0.034
0.23
0.088
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
1.4
0
0.43
3.44
4.27
0.24
1.59
2.13
0.23
0.02
0.16
0.2
0.18
0.18
-0.12
-0.15
-0.52
0.02
-0.32
-0.52
0.4
0.15
0.02
796
684
0.39
2.33
2.18
0.22
Y
Y
Y
1.46
2.52
Y
Y
Y
684
133
410
485
592
594
129
129
18
592
129
129
129
129
592
594
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Monomer 2
Phosphonate, vinyl-, dipropyl
Phthalimide, N-vinylPropene, 2,3-dichloroPropene, 2,3-dichloroPropene, 2-chloro-3-hydroxyPropene 3,3,3-trichloroPropene, 3-chloro-2-chloromethylPropneyl methyl ketone
Propenyl, 2-methyl, acetate
Propiolactam, Af-phenyl-a-methylenePyrazole, N-vinyl-3,5-dimethylPyridazinone, 3-(2-vinyl)-6-methylPyridazinone, 3-(2-vinyl)-6-methyl4,5-dihydro
Pyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-methy 1-5-vinylPyridine, 2-methy 1-5-vinylPyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinyl-5-ethylPyridine, 3-ethynyl-6-methylPyridine, 4-vinylPyridine, 4-vinylPyridine, AT-oxide-, 2-vinyl-5-ethylPyrimidine, 2-WV-dimethylamino4-vinyl
Pyrimidine, 4-vinylPyrrolidone, l-benzyl-3-methylene5-methyl
Pyrrolidone, Af-vinylQuinoline, 2-vinylQuinoline, 2-vinyl5-Ethyl Ar-vinyl-N-methylthiolcarbamate
5-Vinyl AW-diethylthiolcarbamate
Silane, y-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxyStilbene
Styrene, 2,4-dibromoStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, 2,4,5-tribromoStyrene, 3-m-n-butylstannylStyrene, 4-(f-butyldimethylsilyloxy)Styrene, 4-(trimethylsilyl)Styrene, 4-phenoxyStyrene, a-(trimethylsilyloxy)Styrene, a-methoxyStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, m-aminoStyrene, m-aminoStyrene, m-bromoStyrene, m-bromo-
r\
95%
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
1.74
3.81
6.27
3.51
3
12.5
6.9
3.37
18.12
4.1
71
0.626
8.663
0.9
5.92
0.16
0.68
0.66
0.18
-0.38
-0.41
0.07
0.05
0.036
0
0
0.01
0.08
0
0
0.406
0.049
0.85
0.13
0.29
0.72
0.11
0.01
Y
Y
Y
N
0.106
0.011
0.05
0.03
N
N
129
129
163
11
983
445
402
806
806
445
470
1002
806
340
340
0.74
0.6
0.72
0.73
0.46
0.5
0.55
0.57
0.55
0.74
2.3
0.52
-0.73
0.06
0.338
0.03
0.08
0.23
0.32
N
N
0.12
0.07
1.09
0.11
0.017
0.75
0.68
1.2
0.78
0.75
1.27
1.81
1.33
1.14
1.09
0.15
0.69
1.04
2.27
1.404
0.16
0.22
0.88
0.071
N
Y
Y
232
500
514
56
231
41
456
499
532
231
784
231
79
806
243
0.095
0.053
2.38
0.71
1.06
0.17
Y
Y
243
633
1.55
0.057
2.09
2.69
-0.11
0.028
0.26
36
456
458
197
0.219
0.555
17.2
0.49
0.49
10
0.73
6.09
0.025
0.196
0.03
0.1
0.03
0.15
0.05
1.72
0.1
0.3
Y
4.45
0.425
0.48
0.048
0.1
0.868
0.34
0.096
Y
Y
197
977
3.92
0.14
0.268
0.18
0.23
0.26
0.23
18.5
0.877
0.48
1.38
1.48
2.51
1.21
0.96
1.09
1.13
1.08
1.12
1.04
0.786
0.5
0.55
0.17
1.61
0.08
0
0.91
0.81
0.25
2.2
0.14
2.78
0.03
0.863
0.28
0.94
0
0.07
0.14
0.05
0.3
0.4
0.521
0.63
1.16
1.18
1.6
1.05
0.09
2.88
0.14
0.04
0.193
0.05
0.06
0.13
N
N
N
0.084
0.007
725
806
14
411
419
84
1054
985
976
1036
602
970
142
171
281
281
281
289
289
775
989
168
256
0.17
0.351
0.34
0.41
0.03
0.11
0.01
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Monomer 2
Styrene,
ra-chloroStyrene, m-chloroStyrene, m-cyanoStyrene, m-diethylaminoethylStyrene, m-dimethylaminoStyrene, m-hydroxyStyrene, m-methoxyStyrene, m-nitroStyrene, m-sulfonic acid fluoride
Styrene, p-2-methoxyphenyl ketone
Styrene, p-phenyl ketone
Styrene, p-l-(2-hydroxypropyl)Styrene, p-2-(2-hydroxypropyl)Styrene, p-2-(2-hydroxypropyl)Styrene, p-acetoxyStyrene, p-acetoxyStyrene,/7-aminoStyrene, p-aminoStyrene, p-bromoStyrene, p-bromoStyrene, p-bromoStyrene, p-bromoStyrene, p-bormoStyrene, p-chloroStyrene, p-chloroStyrene, p-chloroStyrene, p-chloroStyrene, p-chloroStyrene, p-chloroStyrene, p-chloroStyrene, p-chloromethylStyrene, p-chloromethylStyrene, p-chloromethylStyrene, p-cyanoStyrene, p-cyanoStyrene, p-decylStyrene, p-diethylaminoethylStyrene, p-ethoxy
Styrene, p-fluoromethylStyrene, p-formylStyrene, p-formylStyrene, p-iodoStyrene, p-iodoStyrene, p-mercaptoStyrene, p-methoxyStyrene, p-methoxyStyrene, p-methoxyStyrene, p-methoxyStyrene, p-methylStyrene, p-nitroStyrene, p-octylamine sulfonate
Styrene, p-sulfonic acid fluoride
Styrene, p-trimethoxysilylStyrene, p-trimethylsilylStyrene, pentachloroSuccinimide, N-vinylSuccinimide, N-vinylSuccinimide, N-vinylSuccinimide, N-vinylTerpyridinyl, 4/-vinyl-2,2/:6/,2//Tetrazole, 1-vinylTetrazole, 2-methyl-5-(4/-vinyl)phenylTetrazole, 2-methy 1-5-vinyl-
r\
0.57
0.64
0.851
1.2
1.027
0.78
1.742
0.279
0.788
0.23
0.423
0.11
0.13
0.97
0.5
0.79
0.835
0.887
0.41
0.876
0.7
0.67
0.71
0.71
0.69
0.62
0.744
0.816
0.74
0.39
0.76
0.74
0.622
0.62
0.6
0.24
0.28
0.88
1.12
0.98
0.474
0.2
0.16
0.485
0.629
0.607
0.85
1.14
1.16
1.05
0.891
0.193
0.7
0.171
0.774
1.26
1.33
10.74
10.09
2.31
0.052
0.53
3.85
0.65
1.124
95%
0.534
0.28
0.248
0.07
0.456
0.055
0.183
0.07
0.071
0.15
0.02
0.029
0.034
0.007
0.03
0.09
0.14
0.1
0.08
0.029
0.043
0.047
0.15
0.3
0.07
0.22
0.19
0.19
0.151
0.093
0.039
0.188
0.19
0.6
0.086
0.092
0.045
0.126
0.47
0.19
0.49
0.46
0.98
0.032
0.384
0.045
0.081
r2
2.3
1.09
0.363
1.21
0.617
1.33
0.661
0.5
1.268
1.52
1.85
2.58
0.55
0.91
0.56
1.25
1.305
1.218
0.22
1.07
1.05
1.1
0.99
1.05
1
1.08
1.029
1.062
1.03
0.76
1.76
1.02
1.12
1.12
1.66
1.22
1.16
0.26
0.59
0.71
1.399
3
1.43
1.044
0.965
0.907
0.69
1.01
0.82
0.79
0.993
1.13
2.7
1.372
1.581
1.15
0.07
0.045
0.045
0.01
7
1.26
0.184
1.3
0.62
95%
0.08
0.26
0.264
0.06
0.232
0.14
0.236
0.58
0.93
0.83
9.44
Conv.
N
Y
0.05
0.069
0.004
0.07
0.05
0.11
Y
N
N
Y
0.07
0.056
0.014
N
Y
Y
0.12
0.17
0.2
0.46
0.11
Y
N
1.32
0.19
0.14
0.236
0.159
0.124
0.223
0.1
1.27
N
N
0.028
0.13
Y
Y
0.188
0.342
0.72
0.1
0.036
0.072
0.23
1.6
0.33
0.031
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
0.21
Refs.
168
256
806
806
806
35
806
222
806
806
806
806
806
380
390
547
806
806
775
989
125
128
256
447
554
128
139
139
140
150
523
554
756
806
806
128
256
806
806
806
806
1025
956
806
839
806
128
160
256
535
261
256
817
806
806
806
7
104
163
693
80
953
925
583
670
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Monomer 2
rx
Tetrazole, 2-phenyl-5-(4/-vinyl)phenyl0.95
Tetrazole, 5-phenyl-2-(4/vinyl)phenyl0.48
Toluenesulfonamide, 7V,N-methyl-vinyl5.6
Triallyl citrate
20.02
Triallyl cyanurate
32.45
28.6
Triazine, 1,3,5-, 2-amino-4-(N-methyl0.306
/7-aminoanilino)Triazine, 1,3,5-, 2-amino-4-(7V-methyl0.169
p-nitroanilino)Triazine, 1,3,5-, 2-amino-4-(/?-nitroanil)- 0.257
Triazine, 4,6-diamino-2-vinyl1.104
Triazole, 1,2,3-, l-/?-bromophenyl-4-vi
1.32
Triazole, 1,2,3-, 4(5)-vinyl1.48
Urea, l,3-divinyl-l,3-diphenyl3.62
Urea, N-acryloyl-W-benzoyl0.404
Urea, TV-vinyl-iV'-ethyl10.78
Valerolactone, a-methylen0.097
Valerolactone, a-methylene0.096
Vinyl 2-, 1,1-dichlorocyclopropane
17.98
Vinyl 2-, 2-methyl-4,4,6-6-tetraphenyl
0.11
cyclotrisiloxane
160
Vinyl 4, dithiobenzoate methyl
0.111
0.53
Vinyl acetate
42.48
Vinyl acetate
18.8
Vinyl acetate
56
Vinyl acetate
48
Vinyl acetate
60
Vinyl acetate
57.8
Vinyl acetoxymethyl ketone
0.103
Vinyl benzoate
34.8
Vinyl benzoate
31.56
2.32
Vinyl bromide
16.88
Vinyl bromide
18
Vinyl bromide
15
Vinyl butyl ether
21.25
Vinyl butyl sulfide
2.69
1.74
Vinyl chloride
27.54
Vinyl chloride
17.24
Vinyl chloride
23.92
Vinyl chloride
25
Vinyl chloride
12.4
Vinyl chloride
14.7
Vinyl chloroacetate
14.57
Vinyl chloroacetate
45
0.127
Vinyl cymantrene
2.324
20
Vinyl dodecyl ether
27
Vinyl dodecyl ether
56
Vinyl ether
152
Vinyl ethyl ether
90
Vinyl ethyl ether
111
Vinyl ethyl ketone
13.83
Vinyl ethyl ketone
0.2
Vinyl ethyl ketone
0.29
Vinyl ethyl ketone
0.665
Vinyl ethyl oxalate
5.62
Vinyl ethyl sulfide
4.76
95%
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.3
1.13
0.81
1.27
1.39
0.054
1
2.2
0.31
0.31
-0.58
0.076
0.22
-0.05
0.44
0.02
0.44
0.041
0.12
0.11
0.12
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
583
583
870
902
80
367
201
201
364
0.013
1.676
0.065
364
0.062
0.157
0.15
0.12
0.98
0.91
0.538
0.73
0.52
-1.76
0.053
-0.33
1.42
1.44
0
0.8
0.18
0.141
0.4
0.26
1.36
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.33
364
806
670
670
800
1090
101
919
855
806
626
2.07
0.59
0.009
26.85
2.87
0.011
29.3
4.33
0.25
0.94
8.26
16.53
0.25
0.27
7.35
1.12
3.6
5
29.2
62.41
0.047
0.06
185
15.5
1.44
0.08
0.16
0.021
1.06
0.2
0.07
2.08
0.58
-0.04
0.02
0.01
0.05
0.16
0.08
0.368
-0.02
0.06
0.04
0.012
0.06
0.09
-0.08
-0.06
0
-0.06
0.058
0.16
0.005
0.04
0.01
-0.04
0.03
0.507
0.096
0.28
0
0
1.2
0
-0.122
-0.033
0.43
0.332
0.122
-0.12
0.113
0.034
0.81
0.072
0.12
Y
Y
0.018
1.62
0.15
0.17
0.049
Y
N
Y
Y
0.2
0.78
0.18
0.16
0.08
0.003
0.08
0.031
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
0.87
0.24
Y
Y
0.039
0.014
Y
Y
5.3
0.066
0.023
0.06
0.043
0.017
0.19
0.032
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
597
697
668
158
241
481
481
481
812
806
26
696
303
34
34
368
241
303
185
109
238
242
46
516
59
212
542
353
354
542
374
374
45
140
194
112
344
353
550
124
303
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Monomer 2
Vinyl ethyl sulfide
Vinyl ethyl sulfioxde
Vinyl hendecanoate
Vinyl iodide
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl sulfone
Vinyl methyl sulfoxide
Vinyl octyl ether
Vinyl pelargonate
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinyl phenyl ketone
Vinyl phenyl ketone
Vinyl phenyl sulfone
Vinyl stearate
Vinyl sulfone
Vinyl tert-butyl sulfide
Vinyl thiolacetate
Vinyl, 1-cyano, acetate
Vinyl, 2-bromo-, ethyl ether
Vinyl, p-benzylmethylcarbinol
Vinyl-frts(trimethoxysiloxy)silane
Vinyl-fns(trimethoxysiloxy)silane
Vinylacetophenone, pVinylanthracene, 9Vinylanthracene, 9Vinylbenzoic acid, /?Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylferrocene
Vinylferrocene
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylisocyanate
Vinylisocyanate
Vinylmethyldiethoxysilane
rx
6
9.64
6
24.89
7.401
11.58
11.96
50
2.38
0.46
0.36
0.4
4.61
0.65
0.8
0.288
0.237
0.35
4.5
4.46
5
1.146
3.57
65
49.5
1.7
0.24
0.21
3.63
3.96
1.562
15.96
0.731
0.3
0.36
4.36
4
0.181
0.98
26
24
0.246
2.12
2.12
0.282
411
21.03
4.37
2.76
0.22
1.81
1.79
1.8
1.839
1.81
1.7
0.015
0.003
8.13
6.9
4.08
5.68
11.29
32.53
95%
0.54
1.22
0.315
1.91
2.32
0.41
0.05
0.1
0.18
0.092
0.023
0.11
0.24
0.087
0.04
0.042
0.12
0.27
0.091
13.32
0.058
0.31
0.11
0.76
0.409
0.32
0.072
0.011
23.45
1.44
0.22
0.35
0.14
0.024
0.12
0.007
0.001
0.14
0.1
0.43
0.49
r2
0.25
0.101
0.1
-0.17
0.126
0.65
0.29
0.01
-0.11
0.26
0.272
0.3
0.16
0.37
0.5
0.349
0.348
0.27
0.15
0.066
0.046
-0.22
0.01
0
0.01
0.01
0.3
0.465
0.019
0.26
-0.31
-0.39
-0.027
3.2
0.248
0.158
0.25
0.147
0.94
0
0.01
1.12
0.25
0.3
1.029
3.16
-0.73
0.2
0.14
0.43
0.134
0.098
1.5
0.87
0.15
0.11
0.72
0.001
0.08
0.1
0
0.08
-0.08
0.024
95%
Conv.
0.044
0.18
0.035
0.39
0.33
Y
N
N
0.2
0.07
0.046
Y
N
Y
0.068
0.068
0.009
Y
Y
0.056
0.084
0.17
Y
Y
Y
0.02
0.03
0.054
0.18
0.16
0.71
0.047
0.46
0.05
0.073
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
0.033
0.15
Y
Y
0.42
0.06
0.98
0.1
0.14
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.48
0.01
Y
Y
0.007
0.005
0.16
0.001
N
Y
Y
0.15
0.14
0.2
0.016
Y
Y
Y
Y
Refs.
507
286
286
145
806
349
349
490
303
344
353
599
303
422
542
140
353
550
193
195
303
195
737
374
145
423
344
353
193
239
193
145
45
344
353
303
566
806
194
48
209
482
266
123
48
266
103
120
274
294
440
138
238
393
59
812
93
134
82
435
533
754
754
754
482
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene sulfonate, sodium salt
Styrene, 2,4,6-trimethylStyrene, 2,4,6-trimethylStyrene, 2,4,6-trimethylStyrene, 2,4,6-trimethylStyrene, 2,4-dibromoStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, 2,5-dimethylStyrene, 2,6-dichloroStyrene, 2,4,5-tribromoStyrene, 3-tri-rc-butylstannylStyrene, 3-tri-/2-butylstannylStyrene, 3-tri-n-butylstannylStyrene, 3-tri-rc-butylstannylStyrene, 3-tri-rc-butylstannylStyrene, 4-(te?t-butyldiinethylsilyloxy)Styrene, 4-(trimethylsilyl)Styrene, 4-methylStyrene, 4-methylStyrene, 4-phenoxyStyrene, a-(trimethylsiryloxy)Styrene, a-(trimethylsilyloxy)Styrene, a-methoxyStyrene, a-methoxyStyrene, a-methoxyStyrene, a-methoxyStyrene, a-methoxyStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methyl-
Monomer 2
Vinylphenylpropanol, 2-pVinyltriethoxysilane
Xanathate, 5-methacryloyl O-ethyl
N-Vinylpyrrolidone
Acrylonitrile
Styrene, /7-chloroStyrene
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Butadiene
Butadiene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene, 2,5-dimethylStyrene, a-methylVinyl methyl ketone
Vinylidene cyanide
Styrene, 2,5-dichloroMethacrylate, methyl
Styrene
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Butadiene
Butadiene, 2-fluoroFumaronitrile
Maleic anhydride
rx
95%
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
72
209
209
482
73
1086
939
58
58
58
58
806
136
2
84
84
84
255
8
3
2
14
411
419
84
91
377
375
82
91
324
1054
985
985
985
985
985
976
1036
929
929
602
970
970
142
142
142
143
142
452
171
265
265
265
75
75
835
94
70
174
77
492
265
265
265
0.48
20.86
14.66
0.3
1.99
5.15
0.41
-0.09
-0.19
0.4
0.14
0.36
5.98
0.44
7.19
0.065
0.083
-0.01
0.34
0.91
3.93
4.47
0.08
0.07
0.09
0.45
0.187
2.66
0.14
0.81
0.25
2.2
0.14
1.543
3
2
0.026
0.263
-0.15
2.78
0.01
0.001
0.03
0.03
0.38
0.863
0.28
0.227
0.46
0.94
0
0
0.003
-0.002
-0.02
-0.02
0.07
0.05
0.08
0.14
0.17
0.24
0.09
0.103
0.14
0.08
0.139
0.72
0.094
0.04
0.27
0.51
0.6
0.18
0.06
0.049
0.36
0.084
0.874
1.511
1.45
17.83
0.14
0.142
0.288
0.22
0.25
0.26
0.449
0.662
0.44
0.62
0.268
0.18
0.23
0.26
0.263
0.14
0.5
0.005
1.543
1.98
0.23
10.4
4.88
0.69
18.5
5.33
0.877
0.48
0.079
0.345
1.38
0.05
1.48
0.17
0.06
2.5
0.83
2.51
0.001
0.07
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.063
0.34
0.03
- 0.02
1.5
2.22
-0.01
0.08
0.48
0.55
0.55
0.025
0.08
0.048
0.045
0.11
1.05
2.88
1.38
0.15
0.03
0.17
0.049
0.38
0.18
0.14
0.04
0.068
0.006
0.022
0.27
0.193
0.021
0.022
0.01
0.01
0.04
0.005
0.05
0.03
0.03
0.024
0.036
0.07
0.087
0.24
0.02
0.07
0.051
0.072
0.16
5.24
1.61
0.054
0.069
0.01
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.043
0.017
0.13
0.12
0.08
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
0.17
0.022
N
Y
0.009
0.068
0.16
Y
Y
N
0.351
0.005
0.008
Y
Y
0.02
0.01
0.39
0.04
0.34
N
N
N
N
N
0.04
0.005
N
N
0.041
0.15
Y
Y
0.27
0.13
0.7
0.078
N
Y
Y
Y
0.02
Y
Y
N
Next Page
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Styrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, a-methylStyrene,
ra-aminoStyrene,
ra-aminoStyrene, m-aminoStyrene,
ra-bromoStyrene,
ra-bromoStyrene,
ra-bromoStyrene,
ra-bromoStyrene,
ra-bromoStyrene,
ra-chloroStyrene,
ra-chloroStyrene,
ra-chloroStyrene,
ra-cyanoStyrene,
ra-diethylaminoethylStyrene,
ra-dimethylaminoStyrene,
ra-hydroxyStyrene,
ra-methoxyStyrene,
ra-methyl
Styrene,
ra-methyl
Styrene,
ra-methyl
Styrene,
ra-methyl
Styrene,
ra-methyl
Styrene,
ra-methyl
Styrene,
ra-methyl
Styrene,
ra-methylStyrene, m-methylStyrene,
ra-nitroStyrene,
ra-nitroStyrene,
ra-nitroStyrene, ra-sulfonic acid
fluoride
Styrene, o-chloroStyrene, o-chloroStyrene, ochloroStyrene, o-chloroStyrene, o-chloroStyrene, ochloroStyrene, o-chloroStyrene, o-chloroStyrene, p-2-methoxyphenyl ketone
Styrene, p-1 -(2-hydroxybutyl)Styrene,/7-1-(2-hydroxybutyl)Styrene, p-1-(2-hydroxybutyl)Styrene, p-1-(2-hydroxypropyl)Styrene, p-1-(2-hydroxypropyl)Styrene, p-1-(2-hydroxypropyl)Styrene, p-1-(2-hydroxypropyl)Styrene, p-2-(2-hydroxypropyl)Styrene, p-2-(2-hydroxypropyl)Styrene, p-2-(2-hydroxypropyl)Styrene, p-2-(2-hydroxypropyl)-
Monomer 2
Methacrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, p-chloroVinyl chloromethyl ketone
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene, p-aminoMethacrylate, methyl
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene, p-methoxyMethacrylate, methyl
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene, p-methoxyStyrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylic acid
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene, p-chloroStyrene
Acrylate, butyl
Indene
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene, p-chloroAcrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene, p-chloro-
rx
0.14
0.22
0.48
0.15
0.14
0.05
0.3
0.4
0.521
0.63
0.14
0.21
0.009
0.11
1.16
1.18
0.63
1.17
1.6
1.05
1.4
95%
0.06
0.13
0.084
0.2
0.01
0.007
r2
0.5
0.42
0.47
0.21
1.21
0.96
1.09
1.13
1.08
1.12
3
1.56
0.386
0.3
1.04
0.786
0.49
0.48
0.5
0.55
0.25
95%
Conv.
0.41
0.03
N
N
0.11
0.42
0.034
Y
Y
0.01
Y
2.3
1.09
1.9
0.363
1.21
0.617
1.33
0.661
0.53
0.36
0.51
0.06
0.33
0.42
1.65
0.43
0.486
0.8
0.5
1.73
1.268
2.25
2.86
1.24
1.34
1.37
1.34
0.101
0.78
1.52
2.58
0.55
0.4
0.48
0.31
0.53
1
0.91
0.63
0.41
0.56
1.25
0.53
0.08
0.26
0.264
0.06
0.232
0.04
0.06
0.05
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.32
0.14
0.47
0.236
0.83
0.034
0.58
0.83
9.44
0.57
0.64
0.2
0.851
1.2
1.027
0.78
1.742
0.48
0.38
0.41
0.35
0.18
0.51
0.14
0.07
0.512
0.35
0.279
0.3
0.788
0.2
- 0.069
0.32
0.45
0.5
0.46
0.622
0.86
0.23
0.11
0.13
0.17
0.18
0.04
0.1
0.26
0.97
0.91
0.05
0.5
0.79
1.24
0.534
0.28
0.248
0.07
0.456
0.04
0.03
0.04
0.08
0.02
0.01
0.036
0.11
0.055
0.14
0.183
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.066
0.058
0.07
0.15
0.02
Refs.
532
835
899
542
171
281
281
281
289
289
377
218
356
440
775
989
774
256
168
256
168
150
168
256
168
806
806
806
35
806
1087
1087
1087
1087
1087
1087
558
378
256
222
222
222
806
558
6
558
558
532
558
6
44
806
806
806
548
548
548
380
380
380
380
547
390
547
547
Previous Page
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Styrene, p-WV-dimethylaminoStyrene, p-WV-dimethylaminoStyrene, p-WV-dimethylaminoStyrene, p-AW-dimethylaminomethylStyrene, p-acetoxyStyrene,/7-acetoxyStyrene, p-acetoxyStyrene, p-aminoStyrene, p-aminoStyrene, p-aminoStyrene, p-bromoStyrene, p-bromoStyrene, p-bromoStyrene, p-bromoStyrene, p-bromoStyrene, p-bromoStyrene, p-bromoStyrene, /?-chloroStyrene, p-chloroStyrene, p-chloroStyrene,/7-chloroStyrene, p-chloroStyrene, p-chloroStyrene,/7-chloroStyrene,/7-chloroStyrene,/7-chloroStyrene,/?-chloroStyrene, /7-chloroStyrene, /7-chloroStyrene,/7-chloroStyrene, p-chloroStyrene,/7-chloroStyrene,/7-chloroStyrene,/?-chloroStyrene,/7-chloroStyrene,/7-chloroStyrene,/7-chloroStyrene,/7-chloroStyrene,/7-chloroStyrene, p-chloroStyrene, p-chloroStyrene, p-chloroStyrene, p-chloroStyrene, p-chloroStyrene, p-chloroStyrene, p-chloroStyrene, p-chloroStyrene, p-chloroStyrene, p-chloromethylStyrene, p-chloromethylStyrene, p-chloromethylStyrene, p-chloromethylStyrene, p-chloromethylStyrene, p-chloromethylStyrene, p-chloromethylStyrene, p-chloromethylStyrene, p-chloromethylStyrene, p-cyanoStyrene, p-cyanoStyrene, p-cyanoStyrene, p-cyanoStyrene, p-cyanoStyrene, p-decylStyrene, p-diethylaminoethyl-
Monomer 2
Styrene
Acrylate, methyl
Benzophenone, p-vinylMethacrylate, methyl
Benzophenone, p-vinyl
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene, m-aminoMethacrylate, methyl
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene, p-methoxyAcrylate, a-trifluoromethyl-, methyl
Acrylonitrile, a-trifluoromethylButadiene
Butadiene, l-(2-hydroxyethylthio)Carbazole, Af-vinylCyclopentene, 4-,-1,3-dione
Itaconate, dimethyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Norbornadiene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene, 2,4,6-trimethylStyrene, a-methylStyrene, m-nitroStyrene, p-l-(2-hydroxypropyl)Styrene, p-2-(2-hydroxypropyl)Styrene, p-cyanoStyrene, p-methoxyStyrene, p-methoxyStyrene, p-methylVinyl methyl sulfoxide
Vinyl, p-, benzylmethylcarbinol
Acrylonitrile
Butadiene
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Phosphazene, isopropenylpentafluoroStyrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene, p-chloro
Styrene, p-methoxyStyrene
Styrene
r\
1.85
0.38
0.07
0.101
0.26
0.4
1.305
1.218
0.22
1.07
0.49
1.1
1.05
1.1
0.99
1.05
1
1.15
0.24
0.92
1.6
0.24
7
0.294
0.69
1.036
1.025
0.77
0.89
0.47
69.93
1.08
1.029
1.062
1.03
0.76
1.76
1.02
17.83
1.56
0.3
0.91
1.24
0.26
0.47
0.86
1.15
6.46
1
0.56
0.42
1.46
1.29
0.91
1.64
1.12
1.12
1.66
1.41
1.22
1.16
1.28
0.89
0.26
0.59
95%
0.93
0.16
0.05
0.016
0.017
0.03
0.05
0.069
0.004
0.07
0.05
0.11
0.08
0.02
0.06
5.7
0.081
0.1
0.124
0.12
24.19
0.07
0.056
0.014
0.12
5.24
0.42
0.14
0.08
0.16
0.15
0.58
0.17
0.2
0.46
0.11
0.13
0.03
1.32
0.19
r2
0.423
0.06
0.84
0.204
2.54
0.07
0.835
0.887
0.41
0.876
0.63
0.4
0.7
0.67
0.71
0.71
0.69
0.44
0
- 0.09
1.22
3.27
0.02
0.014
0.15
0.517
0.564
0.334
0.42
0.43
0
0.62
0.744
0.816
0.74
0.39
0.76
0.74
0.34
0.21
1.73
0.63
0.53
1.28
0.41
0.56
0.61
0.01
1
0.067
0.87
0.38
0.36
0.408
-0.048
0.622
0.62
0.6
0.22
0.24
0.28
0.26
0.14
0.88
1.12
95%
Conv.
0.071
0.01
0.18
0.022
0.136
0.01
0.029
0.034
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
0.007
0.03
0.09
0.14
N
N
Y
0.02
0.03
0.06
2.16
N
N
N
Y
0.006
0.1
0.131
0.016
0.12
0.1
0.08
0.029
Y
N
Y
Y
0.043
1.05
0.2
0.47
Y
Y
Y
0.13
0.08
N
N
0.038
0.067
0.047
0.15
0.3
Y
Y
Y
0.07
0.08
0.05
0.22
0.19
N
N
Refs.
806
866
866
256
86
47
806
806
775
989
774
256
125
128
256
447
554
128
825
825
255
810
551
264
398
872
966
150
256
476
188
128
139
139
140
150
523
554
58
218
222
380
547
128
128
256
256
737
48
1035
1075
1035
1035
756
765
756
806
806
256
128
256
128
128
806
806
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Styrene,/7-dimethylaminoStyrene, /7-dimethylaminoStyrene,/7-dimethylaminomethylStyrene,/7-ethoxyStyrene, p-fluoroStyrene, /7-fluoromethylStyrene,/7-formylStyrene,/7-formylStyrene, /7-iodoStyrene,/7-iodoStyrene,/7-mercaptoStyrene, /7-methoxyStyrene, /7-methoxy
Styrene,/7-methoxy
Styrene,/7-methoxy
Styrene,/?-methoxy
Styrene, p-methoxy
Styrene, /7-methoxy
Styrene,/7-methoxy
Styrene,/7-methoxy
Styrene,/7-methoxy
Styrene, /7-methoxy
Styrene,/7-methoxy
Styrene,/7-methyl
Styrene,/7-methyl
Styrene, /7-methyl
Styrene,/7-methyl
Styrene,/7-methyl
Styrene,/?-methyl
Styrene, p-methyl
Styrene, p-nitro
Styrene,/7-octylamine sulfonate
Styrene,/?-octylamine sulfonate
Styrene, p-sulfonic acid fluoride
Styrene, p-tert-buty\Styrene, p-tert-buty\Styrene, p-trimethoxysilylStyrene,/7-trimethylsilylStyrene, pentachloroStyrene, pentachloroStyrene, pentachloroStyrene, tert-butoxyStyrenesulfonate,/7-, sodium
Styrenesulfonate, p-, sodium
Styrenesulfonate,/?-, sodium
Styrenesulfonate,/?-, sodium
Succinamate, potassium TV-vinylSuccinimide, TV-vinylSuccinimide, TV-vinylSuccinimide, TV-vinylSuccinimide, TV-vinylSuccinimide, TV-vinylSuccinimide, TV-vinylSuccinimide, TV-vinylSuccinimide, TV-vinylSuccinimide, N-vinylSuccinimide, TV-vinylSuccinimide, TV-vinylSuccinimide, TV-vinylSuccinimide, TV-vinylSuccinimide, N-vinylSuccinimide, N-vinylSuccinimide, TV-vinyl-
Monomer 2
Acrylate, methyl
Benzophenone, p-vinylBenzophenone,/?-vinylStyrene
Myrcene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylate, methyl
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene; m-bromoStyrene, m-chloroStyrene, /7-bromoStyrene,/?-chloroStyrene, /7-chloroStyrene,/?-cyanoAcrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
TV,TV-Divinylaniline
Styrene
Styrene,/?-chloroVinyl methyl sulfoxide
Styrene
Acrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Imidazole, TV-vinylStyrene
Styrene
Vinyl chloride
Fumarate, dibutyl
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrolein
Acrylate, oc-chloro-, sodium
Acrylamide
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Carbazole, N-vinylMaleate, dimethyl
Maleic anhydride
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
rx
0.372
0.176
0.135
0.71
0.362
1.399
3
1.43
1.044
0.965
0.907
2
0.32
0.69
1.01
0.82
0.79
0.25
0.2
0.44
0.41
0.56
0.14
1.54
0.33
0.44
6.15
0.993
0.61
2.73
1.13
2.3
1.5
2.6
2.7
1.372
0.5
1.581
6.9
1.15
0.3
0.07
5.3
0.18
0.047
0.327
0.01
1.44
-0.02
0.17
0.15
0.9
0.516
0.11
1.25
0.148
0.048
-0.059
3.67
0.045
0.045
0.01
7
5.68
4.49
95%
0.055
0.046
0.017
0.14
0.022
0.236
0.159
0.124
0.223
0.1
1.27
0.02
0.08
0.05
0.16
0.028
0.13
0.188
0.342
0.72
0.05
0.1
0.071
0.033
0.009
0.31
0.12
0.17
0.081
0.83
0.16
0.073
0.026
0.096
0.89
0.036
0.072
0.23
1.6
0.12
9.49
r2
0.192
0.842
2.54
0.98
0.87
0.474
0.2
0.16
0.485
0.629
0.607
0.07
0.29
0.85
1.14
1.16
1.05
1.4
1.9
1.15
0.47
0.86
0.89
0.17
0.05
0.4
0.06
0.891
1.15
0.01
0.193
0.3
0.7
0.6
0.7
0.171
0.44
0.774
0.002
1.26
3.65
1.33
0.43
0.01
0.26
0.395
0.113
0.27
1.1
1.86
1.54
0.357
0.116
0.04
-0.012
0.021
9.94
0.01
0.97
10.74
10.09
2.31
0.052
0.072
0.18
95%
0.01
0.072
0.259
0.19
0.143
0.151
Conv.
Refs.
Y
Y
Y
911
911
911
806
1062
806
1025
956
806
839
806
558
35
128
160
256
535
168
168
128
128
256
128
558
378
256
45
261
256
737
256
817
817
817
817
806
634
806
1095
806
7
7
516
1077
57
57
57
834
771
600
789
80
80
284
284
284
104
693
96
104
163
693
80
104
167
0.093
0.039
0.188
0.19
0.6
N
N
0.08
0.16
N
N
0.03
0.03
0.086
Y
Y
0.092
0.045
0.126
0.47
0.85
0.19
N
N
0.16
0.092
0.018
0.06
0.17
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.063
0.024
0.09
0.021
0.027
0.27
0.031
0.42
0.49
0.46
0.98
0.32
0.009
0.54
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Succinimide, N-vinylSuccinimide, N-vinylSuccinimide, N-vinylSulfonate, 2-acrylamido2-methylpropane-, sodium
Sulfonic acid, o-methacryloylaminobenzeneSulfonic acid, o-methacryloylaminobenzeneSulfonic acid, o-methacryloylaminobenzeneSulfonic acid,/?-methacryloylaminobenzeneSulfonic acid,/7-methacryloylamino
benzeneSulfonic acid, /?-methacryloylamino
benzeneTerpyridinyM'-vinyl^'tf'^''Tetrazole, 1-vinylTetrazole, 1-vinylTetrazole, 1-vinylTetrazole, 2-methyl-5-(4/-vinyl)phenylTetrazole, 2-methyl-5-(4/-vinyl)phenylTetrazole, 2-methyl-5-(4/-vinyl)phenylTetrazole, 2-methyl-5-vinylTetrazole, 2-methyl-5-vinylTetrazole, 2-methyl-5-vinylTetrazole, 2-phenyl-5-(4/-vinyl)phenylTetrazole, 2-phenyl-5-(4/-vinyl)phenylTetrazole, 2-phenyl-5-(4'-vinyl)phenylTetrazole, 2-phenyl-5-(4/-vinyl)phenylTetrazole, 2-phenyl-5-(4 '-vinyl)phenylTetrazole, 2-phenyl-5-(4/-vinyl)phenylTetrazole, 5-vinylTetrazole, 5-vinylThioindigoid
Thiophene, 3-vinyl
Thiophene, 3-vinyl
Thioxanthone, 2-(acryloyloxy)Titanium, dicylopentadienyl-,
dimethacrylate
dimethacrylate
Toluenesulfonamide, A^V-methyl-vinylToluenesulfonamide, AW-methyl-vinylToluenesulfonamide, WV-methyl-vinylToluenesulfonamide, AW-methyl-vinylTriallyl citrate
Triallyl citrate
Triallyl citrate
Triallyl citrate
Triallyl citrate
Triallyl cyanurate
Triallyl cyanurate
Triallyl cyanurate
Triazine, 4,6-diamino-2-vinylTriazine, l,3,5-2-amino-4-(A^-methylp-aminoanilino)-6-isopropenylTriazine, l,3,5-2-amino-4-(N-methyl/?-aminoanilino)-6-isopropenylTriazine, 1,3,5-2-amino4-(p-nitroanilino)-6-isopropenyl-
Monomer 2
r\
95%
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl thiolacetate
Vinylidene chloride
Acrylamide, AW-dimethyl-
1.99
0.17
0.311
0.162
0.43
0.15
0.058
0.949
0.229
2.47
1.441
1.108
0.06
0.37
0.061
0.59
Y
N
Y
Y
80
97
104
857
Methacrylic acid
0.217
0.122
0.203
0.067
1006
Methacrylic acid
0.523
0.195
0.188
0.076
1006
Pyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinyl-
1.83
0.218
-0.002
0.031
1006
Methacrylic acid
1.08
0.338
0.156
0.081
1006
Methacrylic acid
1.65
0.27
0.155
0.052
1006
Pyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinyl-
2.72
0.525
- 0.054
0.048
1006
1.26
0.314
0.262
0.184
1.1
1.3
1.9
0.486
0.62
28.51
0.4
1
1.8
1.4
2.2
1.9
0.31
0.31
0.5
0.499
0.25
0.5
0.89
0.33
0.066
0.026
0.031
0.53
0.54
7.13
3.85
0.42
0.65
0.13
1.026
1.124
0.04
0.7
0.95
0.25
0.32
0.48
0.11
0.78
0.78
11.5
0.386
0.563
1.36
1.09
0.384
0.032
0.093
0.045
N
Y
Y
Y
0.029
0.081
0.16
Y
Y
Y
953
925
925
925
583
583
583
670
670
670
583
583
583
583
583
583
870
902
1007
1000
1000
986
895
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Vinylidene chloride
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Styrene
Vinylidene chloride
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Vinylidene chloride
Styrene
Styrene
Methacrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Copper diacrylate
Nickel diacrylate
Acrylonitrile
Methacrylate methyl
Styrene
Vinyl butyl ether
Acrylonitrile
Allylbenzene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Styrene
Styrene
0.075
0.21
31.34
0.02
0.65
0.3
0.95
895
0.04
-1.83
-0.58
-0.31
-0.08
2.01
0.076
2.97
1.03
-0.005
0.22
1.29
- 0.49
-0.05
1.95
0.538
0.44
1.04
0.26
0.44
0.29
0.1
0.5
0.041
0.38
0.17
0.05
0.12
0.42
0.94
0.11
0.42
0.141
0.12
0.42
1.87
5.6
3.37
1.76
0.339
20.02
0.222
0.605
16.12
32.45
0.197
16.88
28.6
0.278
1.104
0.306
0.12
0.19
1.13
1.65
0.082
0.039
0.81
0.025
0.033
0.56
1.27
0.053
6.64
1.39
0.043
0.157
0.054
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
80
80
80
80
367
367
367
367
367
201
201
201
201
201
201
806
364
Styrene
1.676
0.065
0.169
0.013
364
Styrene
0.91
0.18
0.257
0.062
364
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Triazine, 2-allyloxy-4,6-dichloroTriazine, 4,6-diamino-2-vinylTriazole, 1,2,3-, l-/?-bromophenyl-4-vinylTriazole, 1,2,3-, l-p-bromophenyl-4-vinylTriazole, 1,2,3-, l-p-bromophenyl-4-vinylTriazole, 1,2,3-, 4(5)-vinylTriazole, 1,2,3-, 4(5)-vinylTriazole, 1 -N- vinyl-1,2,4Tricyclo[4,2,2,0{2,5}]dec-7-ene3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylicacid
Tropone, 2-methacryloyloxyUrea, l,3-divinyl-l,3-diphenylUrea, JV-acryloyl-N'-benzoylUrea, N-vinyl-iV'-ethylUrea, N-vinyl-N'-ethylUrea, N-vinyl-W-ethylUrea, N-vinyl-N'-ethylUrea, JV-vinyl-iV'-ethylValerolactone, a-methyleneValerolactone, a-methyleneVinyl 1-cyanoacetate
Vinyl 2-, 1,1-dichlorocyclopropane
Vinyl 2-bromo-ethyl ether
Vinyl 2-bromo-ethyl ether
Vinyl 2-ethylhexanoate
Vinyl 3,3-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)propyl
ether
Vinyl 4-dithiobenzoate methyl
Vinyl 4-dithiobenzoate methyl
Vinyl N,N-methylacetamide
Vinyl oc-chloro-, triethoxysilane
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Monomer 2
r\
Pyrrolidone, N-vinylVinyl methyl ketone

Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Styrene
Imidazole, 1-Af-vinyl
Acrylonitrile
0.5
1.35
0.266
0.73
42.47
0.27
0.52
Acrylate, ethyl
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Styrene
Acrylate, methyl
Styrene
Maleic anhydride
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
3.13
-1.76
0.053
-0.008
-0.33
0.621
3.61
1.45
1.42
1.44
0.147
-0.18
-0.28
-0.01
0.26
0
-0.79
Styrene
Maleic anhydride
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl cyclohexyl ketone
Vinyl acetate
Acrylonitrile
2-Oxazoline, 2-isopropenyl2-Oxazolinium BF4, 3-methyl2-isopropenylAcetamide, N-vinylAcetamide, N-vinylAcetate, 2-chloro-, vinyl
Acetate, allyl
Acetate, chloro-, allyl
Acetate, dichloro-, allyl
Acetate, trichloro-, allyl
Acrolein
Acrolein, methyl
Acrylamide, N-octadecylAcrylamido, 1-, -1-deoxy-D-glucitol
Acrylamido, 2-, -2-methylpropanesulfonate
95%
0.68
0.058
0.4
9.84
0.13
0.26
0.25
1.7
0.15
0
0
0
0
0.07
0.16
-0.07
-0.047
0.06
r2
0.98
0.17
0.832
1.32
-0.011
0.839
1.48
95%
Conv.
0.11
0.022
0.15
0.008
0.055
0.12
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
0.027
0.98
Y
Y
0.23
2.07
0.029
Y
Y
Y
2.75
0.528
1.36
0.029
0.33
0.081
0.033
0.36
2.61
0.034
0.32
0.11
0.05
0.387
3.62
0.404
1.85
10.78
0.463
0.16
0.38
0.097
0.096
0.181
3.3
0.18
0.03
4.4
17.98
16.83
0.83
5
4.65
3.27
1.09
18.8
160
2.36
2.46
9.24
1.02
0.409
0.5
4.8
0.59
2.34
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.52
1.96
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.3
2.08
0.12
0.51
0.58
0.15
0.5
0.93
0.29
0.81
0.151
0.111
0.08
0.77
0.53
0.1
1.6
0.49
0.092
0.009
0.25
0.114
0.04
0.021
7.1
0.413
2
0.005
0.6
0
0.8
1.8
0.77
0.57
0.41
-0.02
0.15
0.004
0.03
0.05
0.12
0.011
0.17
5.5
21
1.18
0.43
0.69
0.54
0.28
3.04
0.98
8.25
0.98
11.6
0.43
1.46
0.87
Y
N
Refs.
826
243
670
670
670
670
670
972
963
1104
800
1090
101
101
101
683
683
919
855
806
146
146
146
146
806
194
194
836
439
726
726
597
597
597
597
304
47
1015
697
697
836
668
668
668
668
631
237
894
908
984
984
892
1045
1045
1045
1045
207
589
119
258
700
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
acetate
Monomer 2
Acrylamidomethylamino, p-,
azobenzene
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, glycidyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, sodium
Actylate, trifluoro-, methyl
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Allyl acetate
Allyl acetate
Allyl acetate
Allyl acrylate
Allyl butyrate
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Allyl isobutyrate
Allyl propionate
Allyl trimethylacetate
Allyl valerate
Allystearamide, NAzobenzene, 4-(acrylamidomethylamino)Benzothiazole, vinylmercaptoBicyclo[2,2,l]hept-2-ene5,6-dicarboximide, N-benzyl
Bicyclo[2,2,l]hept-2-ene5,6-dicarboximide, N-benzyl
Bicyclo[2,2,l]hept-2-ene5,6-dicarboximide, Af-benzyl
Butadiene, 2-chloroButene-1
Butene-2, cisButene-2, transCaprolactam, Af-vinylCaprolactam, N-vinylCaprolactam, Af-vinylCarbamate, N,N-diethyl-, vinyl
Carbamate, N-vinyl-, tert-buty\
Carbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, N-vinylCarbon monoxide
Crotonic acid
Crotonic acid
Crotonic acid
Diallyl P-cyanoethylisocyanurate
Diallyl melamine
Diallyl phthalate
rx
95%
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.126
12.98
858
0.005
0.04
0.08
0.03
0.018
0.003
0.04
0.03
0.405
0.03
0.03
0.05
7.5
5.621
30
3.48
7.6
7.28
6.38
2.58
6.7
6.3
452
570
244
638
301
553
1067
158
25
489
568
37
595
598
37
158
235
6
75
75
140
502
998
578
998
204
3
438
998
998
998
998
119
880
0.021
0.072
0.01
0.043
0.094
3.39
0.37
0.3
Y
Y
Y
0.24
0.24
0.021
0.04
0.06
-0.06
-0.03
0.6
1
1
0.11
0.97
1.355
0.66
0.34
1.04
1.29
1.15
1.07
0.923
0.126
0.013
1.26
0.059
0.067
0.22
0.08
0.09
0.089
0.15
0.092
0.037
0
0
8.66
4.05
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
5.51
5.29
9.2
0.45
0.7
0.7
17.35
0.64
-2.4
0.61
0.75
0.51
0.42
0.34
0.58
0.68
12.98
0.91
1.13
6.39
0.26
2.53
0.35
0.47
1.46
3.21
Y
Y
0.15
0.15
1.99
- 0.02
1.55
%21
12
0.63
0.35
0.35
1.7
0.39
0.418
0.07
0.126
0.15
0.13
0.24
0.317
0.3
0.31
0.06
0.68
0.336
6.63
0.82
994
0.014
0.09
0.24
1.05
1.69
0.04
0.063
1.12
0.023
0.081
0.07
0.026
0.049
33.52
0.11
0.03
-0.03
0.31
2.5
2.5
0.13
2.09
0.4
0.46
2.67
3.02
3.9
0.33
0.04
0.01
0.001
4.6
0.318
2.19
763
994
994
8.98
0.42
0.25
0.44
N
Y
Y
Y
0.19
0.26
0.03
0.13
Y
N
Y
0.14
0.1
0.073
0.34
Y
Y
247
211
211
211
557
859
883
197
629
81
827
246
246
551
474
47
526
94
778
201
297
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Monomer 2
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl phthalate
Diallyl, 1,3-, 5-(2-hydroxy3-phenoxypropyl)
Diallyl, 1,3-, 5-(2-hydroxy3-phenoxypropyl)
Diallylcyanamide
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene, chlorotrifluoroEthylene, chlorotrifluoroEthylene, dichloro-, cisEthylene, dichloro-, cisEthylene, dichloro-, cisEthylene, dichloro-, cisEthylene, tetrachloroEthylene, tetrachloroEthylene, trichloroEthylene, trichloroFumarate, diethyl
Fumarate, diethyl
Fumaryl chloride
Hexatriene, tetrachloroImidazole, 1-vinylIndene
Isobutylene
Isobutylene, 3-chloroIsopropenyl acetate
Itaconic anhydride
Itaconic anhydride
Maleate, di-terf-butyl
Maleate, diethyl
Maleate, dimethyl
Maleic anhydride
Maleimide, A^-(2-hydroxyethyl)Maleimide, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)Maleimide, A^-(2-hydroxyphenyl)Maleimide, N-hydroxymethylMaleimide, W-phenylMethacrylamide, 1-deoxy-D-glucitol
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, di-, di-n-butylstannyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylate acid
Methacrylonitrile
tyAr-Divinylaniline
rx
0.414
0.72
0.15
95%
0.029
r2
95%
Conv.
Refs.
1.66
2
5.5
0.16
297
509
671
0.16
3.65
676
0.01
0.35
0.72
1.62
1.95
0.16
581
1029
309
41
413
42
559
68
68
766
6
1097
236
137
137
9
9
3
59
158
9
137
718
1038
91
4
364
360
211
475
100
975
365
365
1049
137
1049
260
323
323
323
323
328
258
664
1.14
1.03
1.52
3.74
1.23
1.4
0.33
0.68
0.47
1.02
6.4
0.898
4.13
4.45
0.607
0.7
0.011
0.09
0.012
1.2
0.77
0.64
0.21
0.58
0.11
0.27
0.06
1.94
1.87
0.076
0.1
0.004
0.28
0.88
0.74
0.67
0.13
0.79
-0.13
0.04
- .0.02
0.055
0.01
0.058
0.1
-0.07
-0.06
-0.006
0.443
0.33
0.9
N
N
0.52
0.03
0.01
N
N
0.36
0.02
0.34
0.019
0.007
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
6.99
2.8
0.19
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.024
0.03
0.14
0.015
-0.11
0.39
1.66
0.13
1.171
1.17
0.2
0.18
-0.019
- 0.04
0.005
0.171
-0.006
0.019
-0.014
0.01
-0.011
0.017
-0.003
0.16
0.2
0.045
0.024
0.024
0.025
0.084
0.008
0.037
0.041
0.027
0.037
0.006
1.57
2.87
0.199
0.04
0.257
-0.058
0.61
0.88
1.75
1.45
1.284
0.56
13.7
0.36
0.32
0.02
0.012
0.086
0.074
0.12
0.17
0.17
0.21
0.046
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
-0.003
0.013
-0.77
0.2
-0.06
-0.2
-0.81
0.03
0.04
0.07
0.01
0.01
0.058
0.15
0.018
5.29
30.18
0.013
131.8
1.52
29.7
2.71
137.5
26
28.6
22.21
0.2
12
3.99
14.47
0.036
29.8
Y
Y
N
24.16
0.25
5.9
Y
Y
N
0.12
0.038
0.22
0.01
1.17
0.009
1.9
8.64
0.17
0
1.082
0.03
0.074
165
949
210
293
165
158
210
272
383
471
377
75
45
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Monomer 2
rx
Norbornadiene
0.818
Oxazolidone, N-vinyl0.602
Oxazolidone, Af-vinyl0.55
Oxazoline, 2-, 2-isopropenyl0.25
Oxazoline, 2-, 4-acryloxymethyl0.03
dimethyl-2,4-dimethyl
Oxazoline, 2-, 4-methacryloxy0.05
2,4-dimethyl
Oxazolinium, 2- tetrafluoroborate,
0.43
3-methyl
Phosphate, diethyl isopropenyl
1.56
Phosphine oxide, diphenylvinyl0.38
Phosphonate, oc-carbomethoxyvinyl-,
0.09
diethyl
0.14
0.09
0.09
0.33
0.04
0.04
0.04
Propene, 1-chloro-, cis7.08
Propene, 3,3,3-trichloro0.19
Pyridine, 2-vinyl-0.11
Pyridine, 2-vinyl0
Pyrrolidone, Af-vinyl0.19
5-Ethyl AT-vinyl-iV-methylthiolcarbamate 0.67
5-Vinyl AW-diethylthiolcarbamate
0.133
Styrene
-0.04
Styrene
0.02
Styrene
0.01
Styrene
0.05
Styrene
0.16
Styrene
0.08
Styrene, 3-fn-rc-butylstannyl5.33
Tetrazole, 2-methyl-5-vinyl0.04
Triallyl citrate
0.222
Triallyl cyanurate
0.197
0.278
Triazole, 1,2,3-, l-/?-bromophenyl-0.011
4-vinylUrea, W-vinyl-AA'-ethyl0.463
Urea, N-vinyl-7V'-ethyl0.16
Urea, N-vinyl-Ar'-ethyl0.38
0.18
2.36
0.1
Vinyl benzenesulfonate
0.628
Vinyl benzoate
0.455
Vinyl benzoate
0.35
Vinyl benzoate
0.78
Vinyl benzoate
0.7
Vinyl benzoate
0.66
Vinyl benzoate
0.24
Vinyl bromide
0.41
Vinyl bromide
0.6
Vinyl bromide
0.38
95%
0.019
0.038
0.18
r2
1.354
1.55
2.04
7.1
1.41
95%
Conv.
0.07
0.28
0.13
Y
Y
Y
6.2
0.057
0.35
0.15
0.091
0.17
0.25
1.77
0.057
0.1
0.025
0.072
0.12
0.009
0.54
0.06
0.16
0.025
0.053
0.043
0.008
0.029
0.036
0.069
0.52
0.2
0.13
0.09
0.366
Refs.
188
102
36
862
596
596
0.151
877
0.44
1.7
0.6
650
843
684
0.99
0.85
0.85
0.47
0.74
0.74
0.74
-0.012
0.011
1.65
0.19
9
13.65
30
1.06
1.75
3.4
1.22
1.89
42.48
18.8
56
48
60
57.8
0.38
5.68
4.49
1.99
28.51
2.97
1.29
1.95
42.47
684
592
594
595
592
592
594
181
181
181
402
812
6
6
103
121
36
197
197
158
241
481
481
481
812
985
104
167
80
670
367
201
201
670
0.621
3.61
1.45
-0.28
0.16
0.15
-1.34
1.07
0.99
1.64
1.13
1.74
1.98
5.26
1.92
3
0.061
0.074
0.36
Y
Y
Y
3.64
0.25
2.79
0.21
1.17
0.77
26.85
2.87
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.12
9.49
0.43
31.34
0.38
0.42
0.42
9.84
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.081
Y
Y
1.7
0.27
Y
Y
1.93
0.98
1.23
0.35
N
Y
N
101
683
683
146
597
668
942
253
253
26
272
430
696
158
268
268
TABLEI. cont'd
Monomer 1
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetoxymethyl ketone
Vinyl benzenesulfonate
Vinyl benzoate
Monomer 2
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butyrate
Vinyl butyrate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloroacetate
Vinyl chloroacetate
Vinyl chloroacetate
Vinyl chloroformate
Vinyl chloroformate
Vinyl cinnamate
Vinyl cyclohexyl ketone
Vinyl cymantrene
Vinyl dodecyl ether
Vinyl ethyl ether
Vinyl ethyl ketone
Vinyl ethyl oxalate
Vinyl
fluoride
Vinyl formate
Vinyl formate
Vinyl laurate
Vinyl methanesulfonate
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl octyl ether
Vinyl phenyl carbonate
Vinyl phenyl ketone
Vinyl propionate
Vinyl propionate
Vinyl stearate
Vinyl stearate
Vinyl thiolacetate
Vinyl, N-, N-methylacetamide
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylidene
fluoride
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Acrylonitrile
rx
95%
3.72
0.71
2.5
0.025
1
1.35
0.43
0.981
0.24
0.263
0.25
0.65
0.26
0.83
0.803
0.8
0.67
0.66
0.044
0.04
0.08
0.072
3.67
3.42
-0.13
1.35
3.5
0.94
1.41
0.3
-0.154
1.4
0.639
0.09
0
4.5
3.47
0.85
0.85
-0.06
0.171
0.98
0.9
0.953
0.9
13
13
0.05
0.49
3.2
3
7.16
7.3
3.83
3.92
0.03
0.05
0.05
-0.002
0.12
0.003
6
0.368
-1.34
0.019
0.02
0.006
0.14
0.036
0.15
0.028
0.15
0.14
0.12
0.089
0.16
0.12
0.054
0.003
0.18
0.84
0.14
0.073
0.014
0.23
0.23
0.057
0.064
0.015
0.62
0.64
0.18
0.32
0.1
0.026
0.002
0.018
1.7
0.051
r2
95%
Conv.
0.01
0.2
0.16
0.13
0.97
1.25
1.63
1.032
1.84
2.13
1.64
1.35
2.3
1.39
0.88
1.18
0.579
0.586
49.52
1.2
13.76
7.21
0
0.26
10.18
9.89
0.25
0.98
0.68
7.87
6.47
0.7
0.206
0.02
0.33
0.32
0.097
0.68
0.2
0.12
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.64
0.3
0.19
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.355
0
0
0.384
0.384
5.81
-0.35
0.98
1
0.96
0.73
0.07
0.07
5.5
0.93
0.3
0.27
0.05
0.13
0.044
0.08
4.66
6.7
5
3.49
4.7
0.1
0.08
0.103
0.628
5.03
0.076
0.052
15.79
1.01
6.62
8.44
Y
Y
Y
0.06
2.18
0.427
0.21
Y
Y
Y
0.083
0.083
0.96
0.37
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.17
0.3
0.16
0.039
0.11
0.26
Y
Y
Y
0.17
0.11
0.011
0.036
1.08
Y
Y
Refs.
345
448
553
185
272
515
109
148
158
283
3
450
86
71
779
861
675
706
356
200
846
354
372
158
794
124
755
272
401
601
794
503
942
91
195
372
372
675
705
794
193
272
425
1
537
598
601
566
631
103
103
120
120
144
90
3
432
436
59
812
82
627
806
942
47
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butyl sulfide
Vinyl butyl sulfide
Vinyl butyrate
Vinyl butyrate
Vinyl butyrate
Vinyl butyrate
Vinyl butyrate
Monomer 2
Allyl chloride
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl p-bromobenzoate
Vinyl p-chlorobenzoate
Vinyl p-cyanobenzoate
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene cyanide
Styrene
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Benzenesulfamide, /?-methacrylamideCaprolactam, TV-vinylMethacrylate, 2-bromoethyl
Pyrrolidone, N-vinyl
Styrene
Toluenesulfonamide, AW-methyl-vinylVinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloroacetate
Vinylidene chloride
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Acrylate, methyl
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Allyl chloride
Butadiene, 2-chloroCarbazole, N-vinylEthylene
T1
0.46
0.07
0.408
-0.02
0.06
1.07
0.99
1.64
1.13
1.74
1.98
0.343
0.5
0.28
0.716
0.832
0.659
0.065
0
- 0.048
0.04
0.18
0.19
0.06
0.06
0.12
0.33
0.052
0.05
0.012
0.06
0.09
5.26
1.92
3
0
0.01
0
-0.03
0
0.03
0
-0.027
-0.08
3.37
0.01
0.2
0.16
0.023
0.12
0.004
0.041
-0.06
0
0
0.13
0.267
0.083
0.31
0.07
1.5
0.03
95%
0.03
1.62
0.15
0.27
1.93
0.98
0.036
0.031
0.028
0.033
0.093
0.017
0.033
0.17
0.16
0.04
0.06
0.026
0.074
0.049
0.2
1.23
0.35
0.01
0.01
0.73
0.063
0.78
1.65
0.02
0.001
4.39
0.001
0.028
0.18
0.14
0.16
0.33
0.046
0.096
0.12
r2
0.88
20.3
2.507
34.8
31.56
0.455
0.35
0.78
0.7
0.66
0.24
1.66
1.7
0.72
1.17
0.81
0.878
5.58
0.061
0.97
2.32
4.07
3.7
2.25
2.79
14.11
17.1
25.1
19.84
16.88
18
15
0.41
0.6
0.38
2.01
3.65
3.6
95%
Conv.
0.039
29.3
4.33
0.069
Y
Y
N
Y
0.52
0.2
0.16
N
Y
0.13
0.072
0.094
1.76
0.047
0.27
0.25
0.44
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
0.2
0.67
N
N
0.88
2.58
0.94
Y
Y
Y
8.26
0.13
0.09
N
Y
N
0.07
N
N
N
0.98
3.4
3.1
13.7
0.13
0.1
5.3
1.49
21.25
-0.31
3.72
0.71
2.5
2.084
1.49
1.75
0.086
2.69
4.14
1.74
0.025
0.325
8.47
1.15
0.95
16.53
0.29
0.09
N
Y
Y
Y
N
0.016
34.5
0.11
0.01
0.25
0.58
0.27
0.006
0.013
0.86
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.34
N
Y
1.33
0.7
25
Refs.
438
272
253
26
696
253
253
26
272
430
696
283
450
519
110
110
110
47
82
106
303
268
268
268
286
268
268
34
34
34
34
368
158
268
268
790
345
574
345
347
1005
215
657
127
215
241
80
345
448
553
279
212
279
303
303
185
185
185
185
185
438
247
246
605
272
TABLE 1.
cont'd
Monomer 1
Vinyl butyrate
Vinyl butyrate
Vinyl butyrate
Vinyl butyrate
Vinyl butyrate
Vinyl caproate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Monomer 2
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Acrolein
Acrylamide
Acrylamide, Af-methylolAcrylate, 2-ethylhexyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, octyl
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acryloyl chloride
Allyl acetate
Allyl acetate
Allyltriethoxysilane
Butadiene
Butadiene
Butene-1
Butene-1, 2-ethylButene-1, 2-methylButene-1,3, 3-dimethylButene-1,3, 3-dimethylButene-2
Butene-2, 2-methylButene-2, cisCarbazole, N-vinylCarbon monoxide
Crotonaldehyde
Diallyl phthalate
Diallylcyanamide
Diallylcyanamide
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene, chlorotrifluoroFumarate, diethyl
Hexene-1
Imidazole, l-vinyl-2-methylIsobutylene
rx
0.97
1.25
0.302
0.55
0.65
0.348
0.04
0.03
0.16
0.07
0.093
0.002
0
0.06
0.12
1.5
1.5
0.107
0.03
0.024
0.11
-0.01
0.07
0.02
0.044
0.052
0.04
0.02
1.2
1.16
1.68
0.04
-0.11
3.34
1.56
1.01
5.64
6.18
3.3
8.52
8.8
0.17
13.52
1.55
0.833
0.44
0.44
3.82
1.99
1.74
4.38
2
3.21
1.85
0.96
1.63
1.55
2.53
0.13
0.29
1.54
0.188
2.04
95%
0.013
0.05
0.11
0.002
0.01
0.011
0.09
0.069
0.037
0.03
0.08
0.002
0.01
0.029
0.38
0.31
0.58
0.26
0.31
0.2
13.57
2.18
10.54
0.25
0.26
0.012
0.59
0.42
0.58
0.44
0.1
0.22
0.22
0.18
0.1
0.98
0.077
1.82
r2
1
1.35
2.092
1.75
1.35
2.26
0.19
5.22
4.15
4.4
4.4
7.66
5
4
4.8
0
0
6.69
9.28
7.04
6.8
3.26
2.55
2.62
3.62
3.65
4
3.03
0
-0.94
8.8
5.27
0.12
-1.05
-1.18
-0.44
-0.07
-1.79
0.3
0
4.77
0.121
-0.56
0.7
0.68
0.68
0.02
0.19
0.24
0.34
0.2
0.21
0.21
0.14
0.23
0.16
0.01
0.48
0.49
-1.72
2.15
0.06
95%
Conv.
0.074
0.22
0.13
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
0.22
0.5
Y
Y
0.88
0.51
0.33
Y
N
Y
0.34
0.12
0.25
0.21
0.22
Y
N
N
Y
Y
0.22
0.48
3.35
0.12
0.89
1.2
0.28
2.5
5.22
5.31
Y
Y
N
N
N
Y
N
N
0.011
0.25
0.046
Y
N
Y
0.06
0.17
0.13
0.13
N
N
N
N
0.01
0.12
0.01
0.01
N
N
N
N
0.1
9.23
0.26
0.8
N
Y
Y
Refs.
272
515
283
400
494
283
147
271
156
157
510
518
151
46
470
518
518
595
598
135
229
288
379
140
202
22
238
46
529
288
470
475
237
517
717
230
329
329
329
6
329
329
230
427
184
271
296
602
603
161
180
270
42
472
536
63
63
64
68
454
137
1038
329
154
140
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
chloride
chloride
chloride
chloride
chloride
chloride
chloride
chloride
chloride
chloride
chloride
chloride
chloride
chloride
chloride
chloride
chloride
chloride
chloride
chloride
chloride
chloride
chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Monomer 2
rx
Isobutylene
2.12
Isobutylene
1.2
Isobutylene
1.54
Isobutylene, 3-chloro0.31
Isopropenyl acetate
2.26
0.39
Itaconate, diethyl
0.06
Itaconate, dimethyl
0.05
Maleate, diethyl
0.768
Maleate, diethyl
0.8
Maleate, diethyl
0.9
Maleate, dioctyl
0.05
Maleic anhydride
0.098
Maleic anhydride
0.04
Maleic anhydride
0.1
Maleimide, N-(4-carboxyethylphenyl)0.04
Maleimide, N-(4-chlorophenyl)0.026
Maleimide, AH4-methylphenyl)0.022
Maleimide, N-butyl0.24
Maleimide, N-phenyl0.023
Maleimide, Af-propyl0.06
0.21
Methacrylate, p-(2-benzothiazolylthio)- 0.64
ethyl
Methacrylate, butyl
0.05
0.07
Methacrylate, octyl
0.04
Methacrylic acid
0.064
Methacrylic acid
-0.022
Methacrylic acid
0.07
0.3
Methacryloyloxy-, 0-, benzoic acid
0.004
Norbornadiene
0.67
Octene-1
3.26
Oxazolidone, Af-vinyl0.313
Pentene-1
4
Pentene-1
2.08
Pentene-1, 2-methyl1.59
3.4
3.009
Propene, 1-chloro-, ds11.52
Propenyl, 2-, acetate
2.2
0.7
Propenyltriethoxysilane
Propylene
2.35
Propylene
-0.05
Propylene
5.16
Propylene
2.45
Propylene
2.9
Pyridine, 4-vinylPyrrolidone, N-vinyl0.53
Pyrrolidone, Af-vinyl0.74
Styrene
-0.06
Styrene
0.058
Styrene
0.16
Styrene
0.005
Styrene
0.04
Styrene
0.01
Styrene, pentachloro0.43
Triallyl citrate
0.605
0.03
95%
0.2
2.05
0.13
0.078
0.11
0.14
0.042
0.03
0.044
0.048
1.13
0.026
0.05
0.04
0.047
0.008
0.02
0.052
0.02
0.45
0.095
1.78
0.68
0.21
0.077
2.14
0.81
0.085
0.14
0.1
0.06
r2
0.268
-0.54
0.08
0
0.23
3
5.65
5
-0.003
0
0.046
0.608
-0.22
0.4
0.67
3.29
3.65
4.49
-12.7
4.01
2.38
1.85
0.26
13.5
8.99
14
23.52
23.26
9.05
2
11.26
0.41
-0.57
0.822
0.001
0.81
-1.16
0.15
0.327
0.1
0.33
4.75
0.58
0.25
0
0.196
3.1
-0.02
0.09
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.043
5.8
Y
N
0.16
0.044
0.07
0.099
0.38
Y
Y
Y
155
329
560
475
100
777
480
479
137
449
6
3
260
521
521
306
306
306
305
306
305
335
741
0.18
0.39
0.34
106.2
0.18
0.16
8.87
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
N
2.97
0.98
0.96
Y
Y
3.5
0.01
0.85
0.048
5.2
2.31
0.047
0.023
0.63
0.4
5.12
Y
N
N
Y
Y
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.023
0.21
0.04
Y
Y
N
N
Y
0.08
0.003
0.08
0.031
0.87
0.033
0.38
0.34
0.73
27.54
17.24
23.92
25
12.4
14.7
5.3
1.03
- 0.01
7.35
1.12
3.6
5
29.2
0.17
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
519
3
511
135
229
46
432
938
267
329
36
3
329
329
779
779
181
181
181
517
189
445
237
155
329
355
560
588
154
40
582
582
109
238
242
46
516
59
516
367
146
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloroacetate
Vinyl chloroacetate
Monomer 2
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butyrate
Vinyl butyrate
Vinyl butyrate
Vinyl caproate
Vinyl chloroacetate
Vinyl dodecyl ether
Vinyl fluoride
Vinyl fluoride
Vinyl hendecanoate
Vinyl laurate
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl octyl ether
Vinyl p-chlorophenyl ether
Vinyl /?-cresyl ether
Vinyl p-terf-butylphenyl ether
Vinyl p-vinyloxybenzoate
Vinyl pelargonate
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinyl propionate
Vinyl propionate
Vinyl stearate
Vinyl tert-buty\ sulfide
Vinyl valerate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylethyldiethoxysilane
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylisocyanate
Vinylphenylisocyanate, p Vinyltriethoxysilane
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
rx
2.46
1.63
1.032
1.84
2.13
1.64
1.35
2.3
1.66
1.7
0.72
2.084
0.325
8.47
2.092
1.75
1.35
2.26
1.64
1.3
1.93
11
11.6
1.081
2.19
7.4
1.23
0.1
1.33
2.1
1.9
1
1.17
1.08
0.58
1.16
1.28
1.06
1.21
1.6
1.35
0.71
3
3
2.006
4.82
15.38
17.81
0.94
0.071
0.14
0.25
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.16
0.205
0.01
0.016
0.46
0.01
0.82
0.93
-0.007
0.09
95%
0.52
0.32
0.097
0.68
0.2
0.12
0.64
0.16
0.016
0.013
0.86
0.074
0.22
0.34
0.55
0.016
1.43
0.04
0.02
0.04
0.02
0.06
0.06
0.14
0.03
0.097
0.071
0.49
1.44
7.84
1.53
0.025
0.32
0.003
0.002
0.16
0.016
r2
-0.07
0.43
0.981
0.24
0.263
0.25
0.65
0.26
0.343
0.5
0.28
0.023
0.267
0.083
0.302
0.55
0.65
0.348
0.421
0.91
0.15
0.05
0.11
0.38
0.04
0.2
0.13
8.3
0.14
-0.1
0.1
0.63
0.13
0.14
0.78
0.28
0.01
0.16
0.17
0.6
0.65
0.24
0.15
0.15
0.277
0.03
0.069
0
-0.44
2.06
3.39
8.92
3.2
4.5
1.8
4.5
3.068
0.72
0.6
3.7
11.9
-0.04
0.09
4.18
0.34
95%
Conv.
0.11
0.14
0.036
0.15
0.028
0.15
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.14
0.036
N
Y
0.001
0.046
0.096
0.013
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.05
0.055
0.49
Y
Y
Y
0.022
0.37
Y
Y
0.02
0.01
0.05
0.01
0.02
0.07
Y
Y
Y
N
0.59
0.03
0.64
0.014
0.12
0.068
0.22
2.97
0.32
1.16
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
0.076
0.068
0.44
Y
Y
Y
0.33
Refs.
304
109
148
158
283
3
450
86
283
450
519
279
185
185
283
400
494
283
283
283
370
590
755
145
47
450
279
375
279
370
370
279
279
279
497
145
172
279
280
400
450
145
598
601
283
103
319
319
237
238
29
3
470
517
539
585
67
409
82
777
777
237
237
362
542
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
chloroacetate
chloroacetate
chloroacetate
chloroacetate
chloroacetate
chloroacetate
chloroacetate
chloroacetate
chloroacetate
chloroacetate
chloroacetate
chloroacetate
chloroethyl ether
chloroethyl ether
chloroformate
chloroformate
chloromethyl ketone
chloromethyl ketone
chloromethyl ketone
chloromethyl ketone
chloromethyl ketone
chloromethyl ketone
cinnamate
cinnamate
cinnamate
cyclohexyl ether
cyclohexyl ketone
cyclohexyl ketone
cymantrene
cymantrene
cymantrene
cymantrene
cymantrene
dichloroacetate
dichloroacetate
dichloroacetate
dichloroacetate
diethylphosphinate
diethylphosphinate
dodecyl ether
dodecyl ether
dodecyl ether
dodecyl ether
dodecyl ether
dodecyl ether
ether
ether
ether
ether
ethyl ether
ethyl ether
ethyl ether
ethyl ether
ethyl ether
ethyl ether
ethyl ether
ethyl ether
ethyl ether
ethyl ether
ethyl ketone
ethyl ketone
ethyl ketone
ethyl ketone
ethyl ketone
ethyl ketone
Monomer 2
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl ethyl ether
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinylidene cyanide
Acrylonitrile
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Vinylidene chloride
Methacrylonitrile
Pyrrolidone, N-vinylVinyl acetate
Pyrrolidone, A^-vinylVinyl 4-chlorocyclohexyl ketone
Vinyl acetate
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Vinyl acetate
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Vinyl chloride
Ethylene
Ethylene
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Acrylonitrile
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Ethylene
Fumarate, diethyl
Methacrylate methyl
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloroacetate
Vinylidene chloride
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
rt
2.01
1.42
-0.04
0.03
1.39
0.88
1.18
1.49
0.421
1.92
0.84
0
-0.02
0.579
0.586
0.88
0.593
0.507
0.386
49.52
6.8
0.15
1.2
1.2
-0.11
1.6
13.76
0.211
- 0.065
0.093
0.096
7.21
0.044
0.18
0.28
0.91
-11.99
-62.84
0
0
0
0
0.15
0
0.02
-0.15
0.03
1.2
0
0.06
0
-0.124
0.01
0
-0.122
0.26
0.43
0
0.65
-0.033
0.43
0.332
0.122
10.18
95%
0.2
0.15
0.24
0.3
0.19
34.5
0.055
17.19
1.67
0.006
0.02
0.076
0.052
0.12
0.092
0.039
0.034
15.79
0.3
0.59
0.067
0.093
0.053
0.014
1.01
0.015
0.49
80.64
34.66
0.16
5.3
0.12
0.059
0.066
3.9
0.42
0.023
0.06
0.043
0.017
6.62
r2
95%
Conv.
0.374
0.53
14.57
45
0.83
0.803
0.8
0.12
1.64
0.43
0.55
0.137
1.04
0.046
0.12
62.41
Y
Y
Y
0.12
0.089
N
Y
4.39
0.34
3.9
0.61
0.037
0.05
0.67
0.66
0.064
0.121
0.127
0.009
0.044
0.018
4.6
0.01
0.04
1.91
0.5
0.08
0.46
0.446
0.037
2.324
0.072
7.45
0.25
20
1.3
0.15
0.05
0.82
27
56
3.67
1.93
1.3
0.94
4.9
32
152
3.3
0.69
2.7
1.63
37
90
111
3.42
1.92
3.2
0.42
13.83
0.2
0.29
0.665
-0.13
0.16
0.12
0.019
0.021
0.047
0.01
0.054
0.009
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
9.39
0.14
0.048
0.03
0.06
0.003
0.32
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.55
0.16
0.01
Y
Y
Y
0.99
185
0.12
0.16
15.5
17.19
0.17
1.44
0.08
0.16
0.021
0.18
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Refs.
779
779
212
542
71
779
861
212
283
212
212
82
116
106
675
706
356
356
353
356
356
356
200
200
200
214
668
846
354
354
308
354
354
362
542
542
283
311
311
373
374
374
372
370
371
386
45
395
45
470
194
584
194
106
140
194
158
212
470
794
112
344
353
550
794
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Vinyl ethyl oxalate
Vinyl ethyl oxalate
Vinyl ethyl oxalate
Vinyl ethyl oxalate
Vinyl ethyl sulfide
Vinyl ethyl sulfide
Vinyl ethyl sulfide
Vinyl ethyl sulfide
Vinyl ethyl sulfide
Vinyl ethyl sulfide
Vinyl fluoride
Vinyl fluoride
Vinyl
fluoride
Vinyl
fluoride
Vinyl
fluoride
Vinyl
fluoride
Vinyl
fluoride
Vinyl
fluoride
Vinyl
fluoride
Vinyl
fluoride
Vinyl
fluoride
Vinyl
fluoride
Vinyl
fluoride
Vinyl formate
Vinyl formate
Vinyl formate
Vinyl formate
Vinyl formate
Vinyl formate
Vinyl formate
Vinyl hendecanoate
Vinyl hendecanoate
Vinyl hendecanoate
Vinyl hendecanoate
Vinyl hendecanoate
Vinyl hendecanoate
Vinyl iodide
Monomer 2
r\
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Pyrrolidone, AT-vinylPyrrolidone, N-vinylAcrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Ethylene
Ethylene
Ethylene, chlorotrifluoroVinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Acrylonitrile
Allyl chloride
Butadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-chloroCarbazole, iV-vinylVinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Butadiene
Styrene
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Styrene
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Ethylene, trichloroFumarate, diethyl
Maleate, diethyl
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl chloride
Vinylene carbonate
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
0
-0.05
-0.12
9.89
0.06
0.05
0.036
0.3
0.113
0.25
-0.08
-0.037
0.101
0.1
0.06
0.06
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.005
1
0.01
0.3
0.8
0.25
0.05
0.11
0.16
-0.004
0.57
-0.04
-0.05
0.192
0.98
0.68
0.033
0.09
-0.22
-0.17
0.38
0.04
0.126
0
0
0.7
0.99
-0.04
-0.04
0.05
0
0
0.65
0.29
0.01
0.04
0.18
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.06
0.03
0.022
0.03
0.05
95%
0.28
0.44
0.19
8.44
0.03
0.03
0.017
0.032
0.14
0.06
0.044
0.15
0.12
0.01
0.001
0.06
0.008
0.91
1.26
0.18
0.022
0.16
0.035
0.002
0.09
0.06
0.01
0.02
0.009
0.39
0.33
0.37
0.04
0.05
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.038
0.01
0.03
r2
95%
Conv.
1.34
4.74
5.62
1.35
0.09
0.06
1.03
2.7
4.76
6
1.63
11.17
9.64
6
1.4
1.4
19
19
43
43
44
24
2.52
1.7
1.2
3.5
11
11.6
6
2.54
0.78
15
11.91
4.142
0.94
1.41
3.615
1.88
22.56
24.89
1.081
2.72
7.401
2.24
3.63
- 0.24
- 0.05
0.98
1.26
0.014
0.52
0.17
11.58
11.96
50
2.19
0.16
0.36
0.32
0.3
0.29
0.08
0.062
0.08
0.89
0.45
2.95
1.06
0.84
0.01
0.01
0.11
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
N
Y
0.2
0.16
0.48
0.54
Y
Y
Y
0.32
1.79
3.89
0.011
0.14
N
Y
N
0.012
0.44
24.54
1.22
0.016
0.37
0.315
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.04
0.26
0.07
0.15
0.19
0.003
N
N
N
N
N
Y
1.91
2.32
N
N
1.43
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.005
0.004
0.004
0.01
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N
Refs.
124
124
124
124
285
336
303
507
303
507
286
286
286
286
369
818
604
606
604
606
528
590
42
590
406
755
590
755
607
47
438
127
247
246
272
401
145
145
145
145
145
145
806
790
347
322
322
347
347
332
640
640
349
349
490
47
322
285
336
285
336
285
303
336
285
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Vinyl 1-methyl ether
Vinyl laurate
Vinyl laurate
Vinyl laurate
Vinyl methanesulfonate
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl mono-diethyleneglycol ether
Vinyl mono-ethyleneglycol ether
Monomer 2
Styrene
Caprolactam, N-vinylPyrrolidone, TV-vinylMethacrylate, methyl
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Indene
Acrylonitrile
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinyl acetate
Acrylamide
Acrylamide
Acrylamide, AyV-dimethyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Indene
Indene
Methacrylamide
Methacrylamide
Methyleneglutaronitrile, 2Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene, 2,5-dichloroTriazine, 4,6-diamino-2-vinylVinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinyl phenyl ketone
Vinylidene chloride
Acrylate, methyl
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinylene carbonate
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Styrene
Styrene, /?-chloroStyrene, /7-methylMethacrylic acid
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
rx
0.021
0.03
-0.11
0.01
0.03
1.44
0.6
0.26
0.272
0.3
7.87
6.47
0.046
0.16
1.4
0.6
0.37
0.5
0.67
0.04
0.7
0.2
0.2
0.13
0.04
0.206
0.47
0.75
0.1
1.81
1.75
1.39
2.63
2.9
0.25
0.28
0.41
5.05
0.349
0.348
0.27
0.5
0.17
8.3
4.4
0.74
1.8
0.084
0.03
0.15
0.066
0.046
7.72
-0.22
0.55
0.01
0.01
0.01
2.2
0
0.1
0.14
0.04
95%
0.034
0.02
0.2
0.96
2.09
0.47
0.07
0.046
2.18
0.025
0.068
2.82
0.02
0.004
0.427
0.44
0.23
0.43
0.24
0.11
0.12
0.24
0.068
0.009
0.11
0.086
0.056
0.084
1.68
0.17
0.21
0.01
0.01
r2
0.985
0.88
2.38
0.22
0.87
0.81
0.54
0.46
0.36
0.4
0.3
-0.154
0.822
4.61
0.36
0.85
0.65
0.8
12.64
4
1.4
7.4
3.3
1.23
1.95
0.639
3.99
1.02
0.82
0.8
0.59
0.63
0.2
0.25
3
1.72
0.53
1.24
0.288
0.237
0.35
2
1.35
0.1
0.01
0.671
0.55
0.209
1
4.5
4.46
5
-0.08
1.146
0
3.57
6.46
2.73
0
4.41
1.8
1.33
2.1
95%
Conv.
0.077
0.02
0.41
1.95
9.3
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
0.22
0.05
0.1
Y
N
Y
0.073
0.064
0.18
Y
Y
Y
12.59
0.04
0.07
0.014
0.7
0.13
0.36
0.06
0.13
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
0.18
0.26
Y
Y
0.092
0.023
Y
Y
0.68
Y
Y
0.034
0.11
0.24
0.17
0.087
0.02
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.02
0.1
Y
Y
Refs.
303
336
303
215
215
601
794
344
353
599
601
794
303
303
542
422
422
542
750
381
503
450
605
279
279
942
609
609
609
53
140
504
606
606
609
609
664
512
140
353
550
375
243
91
375
423
946
375
195
106
193
195
303
120
195
195
737
737
737
831
780
605
279
279
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Vinyl octyl ether
Vinyl octyl ether
Vinyl octyl ether
Vinyl octyl ether
Vinyl p-benzylethylcarbinol
Vinyl p-benzylmethylcarbinol
Vinyl p-cresyl ether
Vinyl/?-cyanobenzoate
Vinyl p-methoxybenzoate
Vinyl p-methylbenzoate
Vinyl p-tert-butylphenyl ether
Vinyl p-terf-butylphenyl ether
Vinyl p-vinyloxybenzoate
Vinyl pelargonate
Vinyl pelargonate
Vinyl pelargonate
Vinyl pelargonate
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinyl phenyl ketone
Vinyl phenyl ketone
Vinyl phenyl ketone
Vinyl phenyl ketone
Monomer 2
rx
Acrylonitrile
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene, p-chloroVinyl benzoate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl/7-chlorobenzoate
Vinyl/7-methylbenzoate
Vinyl/7-bromobenzoate
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinyl chloride
Butadiene
Styrene
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Acrylonitrile
Caprolactam, N-vinylMethacrylate, methyl
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloroacetate
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Styrene
Styrene
0
0
-0.1
0
0
0
0
0.1
0.4
0.48
0.31
0.54
0.98
0.94
1
1.17
0.83
1.08
1.05
0.81
0.813
1
0.853
0.63
0.14
0
0.13
0.03
0.878
0.901
1.031
0.63
0.81
0.72
0.699
0.685
0.594
0.682
0.624
0.14
0.05
0.78
0.02
0.01
0.28
0
0.384
0.384
0.23
0.26
0.01
0
0.253
0.01
0.01
0.16
0.17
0.55
0.01
0.433
0.04
0.697
0.59
0.3
0.465
95%
0.2
0.28
0.15
0.13
0.021
0.29
0.17
0.072
0.014
0.14
0.054
0.05
0.01
0.01
0.004
0.094
0.034
0.028
0.22
0.1
0.1
0.057
0.075
0.045
0.021
0.04
0.02
0.004
0.07
0.083
0.083
0.37
0.32
0.007
0.59
0.03
0.61
0.051
0.03
1.9
0.02
0.03
r2
0.85
4.5
2.1
1.5
0.81
65
3.47
1.9
0.17
0.18
0.04
0.11
0.24
0.98
1
0.716
0.901
0.72
0.594
0.832
1.031
0.699
0.682
1
2.44
2.6
1.17
1.97
0.659
0.83
0.813
0.685
0.624
1.08
1
0.63
1.05
0.853
0.81
1.08
2.04
0.58
26.3
49.5
1.16
4.08
0.85
0.85
2.5
1.3
11.34
2.8
4.48
1.7
1.28
1.06
1.21
0.84
4.4
2.45
2.11
0.719
0.71
0.24
0.21
95%
0.17
0.26
0.32
Conv.
0.031
0.034
0.1
0.045
0.028
0.028
0.057
0.021
0.04
0.04
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.02
0.06
0.033
0.021
0.014
0.075
0.04
0.29
0.14
0.22
0.17
0.054
0.1
0.06
0.06
0.06
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
0.23
0.23
Y
Y
2.43
5.76
Y
Y
0.1
0.14
0.03
1.67
N
Y
0.34
0.11
Y
N
0.6
0.04
0.042
Y
N
Y
Refs.
373
372
370
371
373
374
372
370
591
591
591
48
48
48
48
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
279
279
605
279
279
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
279
279
497
145
145
145
145
675
705
556
214
172
605
214
423
172
279
280
212
423
240
280
946
794
344
353
Next Page
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Vinyl phenyl ketone
Vinyl phenyl ketone
Vinyl propionate
Vinyl propionate
Vinyl propionate
Vinyl propionate
Vinyl propionate
Vinyl propionate
Vinyl propionate
Vinyl propionate
Vinyl propionate
Vinyl stearate
Vinyl stearate
Vinyl stearate
Vinyl stearate
Vinyl stearate
Vinyl stearate
Vinyl stearate
Vinyl stearate
Vinyl sulfone
Vinyl sulfone
Vinyl tert-buty\ sulfide
Vinyl thiolacetate
Vinyl thiolacetate
Vinyl thiolacetate
Vinyl thiolacetate
Vinyl thiolacetate
Vinyl thiolacetate
Vinyl trimethylammonioethyl ether iodide
Vinyl valerate
Vinyl, 2-, 2-methyl-4,4,6,6-tetraphenylcyclotrisiloxane
Vinylacetophenone
Vinylacetophenone
Vinylanthracene, 9Vinylanthracene, 9Vinylanthracene, 9Vinylanthracene, 9Vinylanthracene, 9Vinylanthracene, 9Vinylbenzoate, /?-, sodium
Monomer 2
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl methyl ketone
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Benzothiazole, vinylmercaptoMethacrylate, methyl
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Allyl chloride
Butadiene, 2-chloroCarbazole, JV-vinylEthylene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Butadiene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Acrylate, methyl
Carbazole, Af-vinylStyrene
Succinimide, N-vinylVinyl acetate
Vinylene carbonate
Acrylonitrile
Af-Vinylpyrrolidone
Vinyl chloride
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, methyl
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylonitrile
T1
95%
r2
5.81
0.671
-0.02
0.03
0.03
0.24
0.06
0.08
0.019
0.26
-0.31
-0.35
0.62
0.96
-0.06
0.74
0.57
0.11
0.1.1
0.95
0.79
0.85
3.63
3.96
1.562
0.171
0.68
0.081
1.5
0.03
0.98
1
0.6
0.65
0.03
0.078
0.02
-0.39
0.96
0.73
0.24
0.08
0.1
-0.027
0.65
3.2
0.248
0
0.158
0.07
0.07
0.15
0.15
0.23
0.45
0.25
2.47
5.5
13.57
0.047
0
0.277
0.8
0.07
0.08
0.02
0
0.01
1.65
1.12
0.126
0.295
0.08
0.117
0.25
0.3
0.23
0.22
0.02
0.01
0.12
0.09
0.054
0.18
0.16
0.37
0.073
0.007
0.27
0.71
0.17
0.64
0.17
0.16
0.047
0.15
0.46
0.05
0.013
0.073
0.15
0.37
1.04
0.039
0.02
0.014
3.81
0.42
0.054
0.056
0.092
0.043
0.34
1.69
0.67
24
0.98
0.9
1.6
1.35
5.8
4.639
42.5
15.96
0.953
0.9
0.71
3.92
4.5
0.731
1.21
0.3
0.36
0.09
4.36
13
13
3
3
0.8
0.44
4
0.17
0.05
0.041
7.34
11.6
2.006
0.11
3.9
3.85
34
26
24
0.33
0.246
3.717
3.498
2.998
4.068
2.12
2.12
0.174
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.057
0.1
0.01
0.01
0.61
0.06
Y
N
N
Y
N
0.12
0.27
0.091
0.064
Y
N
Y
Y
0.21
N
Y
0.015
4.73
13.32
0.015
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.097
0.14
0.49
0.058
0.11
0.31
0.11
0.024
0.76
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
0.28
0.15
0.01
0.9
0.03
0.071
Y
Y
794
946
193
285
336
763
239
239
193
239
193
193
438
247
246
605
272
272
425
400
450
537
145
145
145
1
537
145
145
45
45
794
344
353
303
303
598
601
598
601
566
97
566
97
566
186
362
1037
283
626
0.36
0.072
0.046
0.041
0.067
0.04
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.04
209
573
482
209
482
266
266
123
123
123
123
123
48
175
Previous Page
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Vinylbenzoic acid, pVinylbenzoic acid, pVinylbenzoic acid, pVinylbenzyl chloride
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylethyldiethoxysilane
l,2,5-trimethyl-4Vinylethynyl-4-piperidinol,
l,2,5-trimethyl-4Vinylferrocene
Vinylferrocene
Vinylferrocene
Vinylferrocene
Vinylferrocene
Vinylferrocene
Vinylferrocene
Vinylhydroquinone
Vinylhydroquinone
Vinylhydroquinone
Vinylhydroquinone
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Monomer 2
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Acrylamide
Acrylonitrile
Pyrrolidone,//-vinylStyrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl 1-menthyl ether
Vinyl thiolacetate
Vinyl chloride
Acrylonitrile
Methacrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Butadiene
Styrene
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
Pyridine, 4-vinylAcrylate, methyl
Acrylic acid
Styrene
Styrene, a-methylAconitate, trimethyl
Acrylamide, N-octadecylAcrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, methyl'
Acrylate, octadecyl
Acrylate, octyl
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
rx
1.63
1.16
1.029
1.02
0.05
0.08
- 0.04
0.056
3.16
-0.73
0.3
0.27
0.05
0.13
0.044
0.08
0.03
0.069
0
0.16
0.14
-0.08
0.041
-0.44
0.38
95%
0.42
0.3
0.06
0.85
0.059
0.98
0.3
0.16
0.039
0.11
0.12
0.068
0.22
1.91
0.17
0.01
2.97
0.05
0.165
0.15
0.16
0.52
0.71
0.2
0.14
0.026
0.04
0.02
- 0.23
0.75
0.95
0.41
0.43
0.3
64.6
0.432
0.934
0.84
0.87
0.58
0.9
0.7
1
0.9
0.851
0.437
0.32
0.28
0.4
0.42
0.49
0.69
0.76
0.95
0.95
r2
0.06
0.398
0.282
0.46
13.8
14.9
126
1.08
411
21.03
3.2
3
7.16
7.3
3.83
3.92
4.82
15.38
17.81
0.18
0.25
7.72
13.57
0.94
0.08
95%
0.009
0.097
0.011
298
0.11
Conv.
Y
Y
Y
23.45
0.62
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.64
0.18
0.32
0.49
1.44
7.84
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
3.32
1.68
1.04
1.53
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.4
0.092
0.15
0.16
0.1
0.14
0.092
0.03
0.13
0.36
23.74
0.008
0.006
0.15
0.11
0.037
0.018
0.065
0.14
0.034
0.186
0.16
4.34
1.22
0.364
4.37
2.76
0.29
0.56
0.49
0.53
0.46
0.44
0.34
0.22
0.11
0.15
1.4
0.873
0.46
0.58
0.72
0.95
0.8
1
1
0.679
1.246
0.92
1.04
0.44
0.58
0.65
0.57
0.5
0.48
0.65
Refs.
175
266
266
792
387
579
103
103
103
120
103
103
120
120
144
90
103
319
319
322
750
120
186
237
783
734
0.025
0.18
0.068
1.44
0.22
0.11
0.36
0.21
0.4
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
0.94
0.11
0.022
N
Y
Y
0.39
0.21
Y
Y
0.14
0.057
0.042
0.11
0.2
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
294
294
802
294
308
274
294
337
338
337
337
440
444
440
440
440
149
119
118
464
464
65
107
107
377
118
118
288
138
238
404
404
404
404
404
404
404
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Monomer 2
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Acryloyl chloride
AHyI acetate
Allyl chloride
Allylstearamide, NButadiene
Carbazole, N-vinylCarbazole, TV-vinylCrotonaldehyde
Crotonic acid
Cyclopentene, 4-, 1,3-dione
Diallyl phthalate
Ethylene
Ethylene chlorotrifluoroFumarate, diethyl
Indene
Indene
Isobutylene, 3-chloroIsopropenyl methyl ketone
Maleate, diethyl
Maleimide
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Norbornadiene
Oxazolidone, AT-vinylPropenyl 2-methyl, acetate
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Succinimide, Af-vinylTetrazole, 2-methyl-5-(4/-vinyl)phenylTetrazole, 2-phenyl-5-(4'-vinyl)phenylTetrazole, 5-phenyl-2-(4'-vinyl)phenylVinyl 12-ketostearate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl butyl ether
rx
1.3
1.74
1.43
1.8
0.39
0.5
6.6
3.49
5.22
-0.044
-0.023
-0.008
18.1
1.88
5
15.71
17.14
12.19
48
0.49
-0.02
1.1
0.134
0.85
12.5
0.666
0.22
0.34
0.35
0.353
0.3
0.36
0.18
0.5
0.34
0.09
0.094
0.19
0.02
0.27
0.154
0.3
0.036
1.36
1.42
2.4
0.134
0.098
1.5
0.087
0.15
0.11
1.441
0.13
0.25
0.11
4.4
4.66
6.7
5
3.49
4.7
5.58
1.75
95%
1.4
0.15
0.038
0.068
0.018
43.7
0.35
1.96
1.58
0.15
1.15
0.099
0.056
0.03
0.02
0.03
0.18
0.032
0.01
0.047
0.1
0.05
0.63
0.11
0.048
0.01
0.007
0.005
0.061
4.8
0.26
0.17
1.76
0.11
r2
0.65
0.66
0.63
0.63
0.58
1.12
0
0.24
-0.24
1.97
3.6
3.65
0
-0.2
0.113
0.2
0.018
0.02
0.012
0.095
0.293
0.34
0
4.06
0.31
0.464
3.6
3.3
2.07
2.18
2.6
2.38
2.16
2.5
2.5
2.1
1.8
2.83
1.23
2.77
3.368
2.43
2.38
0.09
0.091
0
1.81
1.79
1.8
1.839
1.81
1.7
0.311
1.9
1.8
1.9
0.26
0.03
0.05
0.05
-0.002
0.12
0.065
0.004
95%
Conv.
0.24
0.19
0.25
0.12
0.3
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
1.03
0.027
Y
Y
0.005
0.038
0.095
0.85
Y
Y
0.66
0.083
0.18
0.1
0.02
0.06
Y
Y
Y
N
N
0.95
0.06
0.098
0.1
0.05
0.17
0.077
N
Y
N
N
N
Y
0.35
0.14
Y
Y
0.024
0.12
0.058
N
Y
2.61
0.1
Y
Y
0.026
0.093
0.001
Y
Y
Refs.
404
404
404
404
468
288
470
3
119
257
13
98
405
47
264
376
299
454
59
1038
6
6
470
47
434
3
251
564
432
3
3
138
324
324
426
432
538
65
762
762
786
6
781
781
267
102
470
138
238
393
59
812
93
104
583
583
583
146
3
432
436
59
812
47
279
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylidene fluoride
Vinylidene fluoride
Vinylisocyanate
Vinylisocyanate
Vinylisocyanate
Vinylisocyanate
Vinylisocyanate
Vinylisocyanate
Vinylisocyanate
tetrafluoroborate
tetrafluoroborate
Vinylphenylisocyanate, pVinylphenylpropanol, 2-p-
Monomer 2
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl dodecyl ether
Vinyl ethyl ether
Vinyl fluoride
Vinyl hendecanoate
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl p-tert-buty\ phenyl ether
Vinyl pelargonate
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinyl stearate
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylisocyanate
Acrylic acid
Butadiene, 2-chloroEthylene, dichloro-, cisEthylene, dichloro-, cisMaleic anhydride
Phosphonic acid, 1-phenylvinyl
Propene, 2-chloroStyrene
Styrene
Styrene, 2,5-dichloroVinyl acetate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloroacetate
Vinyl chloride
Methacryloyl fluoride, perfluoroVinyl acetate
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Acrylamide
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Vinyl chloride
Styrene
rx
2.06
3.39
8.92
3.2
4.5
1.8
4.5
3.068
0.018
1.3
3.2
6
2.72
1.95
0.55
2.1
1.5
2.44
1.97
2.04
4.08
2.45
2.11
3.92
0.009
1.46
0.066
0.291
0.028
4.58
0.204
0.72
0.001
0.005
0.1
0.061
0.72
0.6
0.137
0.049
7.6
0.08
0.14
0.16
0.01
0.08
0.1
3.7
0.33
-0.11
0
0.08
-0.08
0.1
95%
0.32
1.16
0.076
0.009
0.37
0.07
0.1
0.04
0.06
0.06
0.34
0.11
0.14
0.001
0.07
0.042
0.013
0.079
0.16
0.001
0.009
0.11
0.047
0.068
0.037
0.02
0.23
0.15
0.14
0.2
0.1
-0.009
0.024
11.9
0.41
r2
0.071
0.14
0.25
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.16
0.205
6.8
0
0
0.16
0.04
0.04
1.8
0.04
0
0.14
0.03
0.05
0
0.433
0.04
0.08
0.049
0.33
0.313
0.212
0.057
0.1
0.001
0.015
0.003
0.026
0.003
0
0.01
0.016
0
0.009
0.02
6
1.38
0.19
3.3
8.13
6.9
0.46
1.46
2.246
4.08
5.68
11.29
3.4
95%
Conv.
Refs.
0.025
0.32
Y
N
Y
0.003
0.3
Y
Y
0.16
0.004
Y
Y
0.01
0.01
0.004
0.004
Y
Y
Y
0.051
0.03
0.17
0.02
Y
N
Y
Y
0.021
0.016
0.012
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.03
0.007
0.001
0.006
0.002
0.017
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.002
0.006
0.001
Y
Y
Y
0.054
0.14
0.1
0.43
Y
Y
Y
Y
238
29
3
470
517
539
585
67
356
371
470
607
145
279
375
279
371
279
279
279
145
240
280
145
82
435
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
921
82
134
82
82
82
82
409
82
82
82
669
627
435
435
422
435
533
777
435
754
754
754
754
793
2.2
0.034
0.016
0.4
29.79
32.53
0.1
0.48
793
1.89
0.49
Y
Y
0.3
482
482
777
72
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer 1
Vinylsulfonic acid
Xanthate, S-methacryloyl O-ethyl
Xanthate, S-methacryloyl O-ethyl
Monomer 2
Acrylamide
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Vinyl chloride
Acrylonitrile
Vinyl chloride
Acrylonitrile
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
Styrene
T1
95%
r2
95%
0.3
0.41
2.69
-0.09
-0.04
0.45
0.09
0.1
0.028
-0.19
0.1
0.38
2.5
0.14
0.44
0.15
0.6
29.59
1.99
0.16
0.27
0.016
0.36
3.5
6.59
26.83
20.86
0.82
9.09
0.93
4.08
35.66
14.66
0.025
0.08
0.08
5.98
0.76
0.44
0.18
0.04
0.06
0.049
0.6
0.36
TABLE 2. LISTING OF QUICK BASIC (MICROSOFT) PROGRAM FOR CALCULATING REACTIVITY RATIOS*
100 OPTION BASE 1
110 DIM eta (20)
120 DIM ksi (20)
130 DIM gee (20)
140 DIM ef (20)
150 DIM t (20)
151 F O R b = I TO 20
152 READ t(b)
153 NEXT b
170 DATA 12.71,4.3,3.18,2.78,2.57,2.45,2.37,2.31,2.26,2.23,2.2,2.18,2.16,2.14,2.13,2.12,2.11,2.1,2.09,2.09
180 DEF FNLog 10(X) = LOG(X)/LOG( 10#)
190 PRINT "Calculation of reactivity ratios by the method of Kelen and Tudos"
210 PRINT "Enter 0 for monomer 1 in the feed to start the calculation"
220 REM initialize all of the summing addresses
230 n = 0
231 m = 0
232 var = 0
233 sumasi = 0
234 sumi = 0
235 suma = 0
236 sumsqi = 0
237 sumnegi = 0
238 sum2i = 0
250 INPUT "Do you wish to stop (Y/N)?";f$
260 IF f$ = "y" THEN GO TO 1510
270 REM enter the names and molecular weights of the monomers
280 INPUT "Monomer 1 is:"; mone$
290 INPUT "Monomer 2 is:"; mtwo$
340 REM enter the feed, polymer and conversion values
350 PRINT "Are the feed and polymer values in mol fractions (mol),
mol ratios (ratio) or weight fractions (wt) ?"
370 INPUT type$
380 IF type$ = "ratio" THEN GOTO 1210
390 IF type$ = "wt" THEN GOTO 1360
400 PRINT "Mol fraction of"; mone$; "in the feed = "
410 INPUTmIO
420 IF mlO = 0 THEN GOTO 800
430 n = n + 1
440 m20=l-ml0
450 PRINT "Mol fraction of"; mone$; "in the polymer= "
460 INPUTpI
470 p 2 = l - p l
480 PRINT "Conversion, weight fraction = ? (If none given enter 0)"
490 INPUT w
500 IF w = 0 THEN GOTO 680
* Method of Kelen and Tudos (803,804).
0.76
0.85
5.15
Conv.
Refs.
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
1066
209
237
209
237
2.37
237
209
482
209
482
73
1086
1086
510
520
530
540
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
630
640
650
660
670
680
690
700
710
720
730
740
750
760
770
780
790
800
810
820
830
840
850
860
870
880
890
900
910
920
930
940
950
960
970
980
990
1000
1010
1020
1030
1040
1050
1060
1070
1080
1090
1100
1110
1120
1130
1140
1150
1160
1170
1180
1190
REM calculate G and F

X = ml0/m20
y = pl/p2
mu = mw2/mw 1
zeta2 - w * (mu + X)/(mu -f y)
zetal=(y/X)*zeta2
z = (FNLoglO(l-zetal))/(FNLoglO(l-zeta2))
g = (y-l)/z
f=y/(zA2)
I F n = I THEN fmin = f
IF n = 1 THEN fmax = f
IF fmin>f THEN fmin = f
IF fmax<f THEN fmax - f
gee(n) = g
ef(n) = f
GOTO 380
REM calculate G and f without conversion data
X = ml0/m20
y = pl/p2
g = ((y-l)-X)/y
f=(XA2)/Y
I F n = I THEN fmin = f
IF n = 1 THEN fmax = f
IF fmin>f THEN fmin = f
IF fmax<f THEN fmax = f
gee(n) = g
ef(n) = f
GOTO 380
REM calculate eta and ksi
alpha = SQR(fmin * fmax)
m= m+l
a = gee (m)/(alpha + ef(m))
si = ef(m)/(alpha + ef(m))
REM sum variables for least squares
sumasi = (a * si) + sumasi
sumi = si + sumi
suma = a 4- suma
sumsqi = (siA2) + sumsqi
sumnegi = (1 -si) + sumnegi
sum2i = si * (1 -si) + sum2i
eta(m) = a
ksi(m) = si
IF m = n THEN GOTO 960
GOTO 810
REM calculate the reactivity ratios
r 1 = (sumasi * (n-sumi)-suma * (sumi-sumsqi))/((n * sumsqi)-(sumiA2))
r2 = (alpha * ((sumasi * sumi)-(suma * sumsqi)))/((n * sumsqi)-(sumiA2))
REM calculate S squared
m= 0
m= m+l
smin = ((eta(m)-(rl *ksi(m))) + ((r2/alpha) *(l-ksi(m))))A2
var = smin H- var
GOTO 1000
d = sumsqi * (sumnegiA2)-(sum2iA2)
REM calculate the delta r's
deltrl = t(m-2)*SQR((var/(n-2))*((sumnegiA2)/d))
deltr2 = alpha *t(m-2) *SQR((var/(n-2)) *(sumsqi/d))
REM print out the answers
PRINT "Reactivity ratios for"; mone$; "(Ml) and"; mtwo$; "(M2)"
PRINT "rl = "; rl; "delta rl = "; deltrl
PRINT "r2 = "; r2; "delta r2 = "; deltr2
PRINT "alpha = "; alpha
PRINT "ksi"; "eta"
m= 0
m= m+l
PRINT ksi(m), eta (m)
GOTO 1160
1200
1210
1220
1230
1240
1250
1260
1270
1280
1290
1300
1310
1320
1330
1340
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1360
1370
1380
1390
1400
1410
1420
1430
1440
1450
1460
1470
1480
1490
1500
1510
1520
C.
REM calculation of Ml and M2 from mol ratios

PRINT "MoI ratio of"; mone$; "in the feed = " ;
INPUT qf
IF qf = 0 THEN GOTO 800
n= n+l
ml0 = q/(qf+l)
m20=l-ml0
PRINT "Mole ratio of"; mone$ "in the polymer= "
INPUT qp
pl=qp/(qp+l)
p2=l-pl
PRINT '' Weight fraction conversion = ''
INPUTw
IF w - 0 THEN GOTO 680
GOTO 510
REM calculation of Ml and M2 from weight fractions
PRINT "The molecular weight of"; mone$; "is"
INPUT mwl
PRINT "The molecular weight of"; mtwo$; "is"
INPUT mw2
PRINT "Weight fraction of"; mone$ "in the feed = "
INPUT rfl
If rfl = 0 THEN GOTO 800
n= n+l
rf2 = 1-rfl
mlO = (if l/mwl)/((rf 1/mwl) + (rf2/mw2))
m20=l-ml0
PRINT "Weight fraction of"; mone$; "in the polymer= "
INPUT rpl
rp2 = l-rpl
pi = (rpl/mwl)/((rpl/mwl) + (rp2/mw2))
PRINT "Weight fraction conversion= "
INPUTw
IF w = 0 THEN GOTO 680
GOTO 510
PRINT "FINI"
END
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1. A. Adicoff, A. Buselli, J. Polym. ScL, 21, 340 (1956).

2. S. L. Aggarwal, F. A. Long, J. Polym. Sci., 11, 127 (1953).
3. P. Argon, T. Alfrey, J. Bohrer, H. Hass, H. Wechsler, J.
Polym. Sci., 3, 157 (1948).
4. A. N. Akopyan, G. Ye. Krbekyan, Vysokomol. Soedin., 5,
201 (1963).
5. A. N. Akopyan, G. Ye. Krbekyan, E. G. Sinanyan, Vysokomol. Soedin., 5, 681 (1963).
6. T. Alfrey, J. Bohrer, H. Haas, C. Lewis, J. Polym. Sci., 5,
719 (1950).
7. T. Alfrey, W. H. Ebelke, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 71, 3235
(1949).
8. T. Alfrey, A. I. Goldberg, W. P. Hohenstein, J. Am. Chem.
Soc, 68, 2464 (1946).
9. T. Alfrey, S. Greenberg, J. Polym. Sci., 3, 297 (1948).
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11. T. Alfrey, S. L. Kapur, J. Polym. Sci., 4, 215 (1949).
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16. T. Alfrey, C. G. Overberger, S. H. Pinner, J. Am. Chem.
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18. C. L. Arcus, R. J. S. Mathews, J. Chem. Soc, 4607, (1956).
19. E. J. Arlman, H. W. Melville, Proc Roy. Soc (London) A,
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20. E. J. Arlman, H. W. Melville, L. Valentine, Rec Trav.
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21. H. Asai, T. Imoto, J. Polym. Sci. B, 2, 553 (1964).
22. N. Ashikari, A. Nishimura, J. Polym. Sci., 31, 250 (1958).
23. M. A. Askarov, A. S. Bank, Vysokomol. Soedin., 8, 1012
(1966).
24. C. Aso, T. Kunitake, K. Watanabe, Kogyo Kagaku Zasshi,
70, 1001 (1967).
25. I. S. Avetisyan, V. I. Eliseeva, O. G. Larinovo, Vysokomol
Soedin. A, 9, 570 (1967).
26. S. Banarjee, M. S. Muthana, J. Polym. Sci., 35, 292
(1959).
27. P. D. Bartlett, K. Nozaki, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 68, 1495
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28. W. I. Bengough, D. Goldrich, R. A. Young, Eur. Polym. J.,

3, 117 (1967).
29. W. I. Bengough, R. G. W. Norrish, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London)
A, 218, 155 (1953).
30. J. C. Bevington, D. O. Harris, J. Polym. Sci. B, 5, 799
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31. J. C. Bevington, M. Johnson, Makromol. Chem., 87, 66
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32. J. C. Bevington, B. W. Malpass, Eur. Polym. J., 1, 85
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33. D. C. Blackley, H. W. Melville, Makromol. Chem., 18, 16
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34. G. Blauer, L. Goldstein, J. Polym. Sci., 25, 19 (1957).
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a n d
V a l u e s
f o r
F r e e
C o p o l y m e r i z a t i o n s
M o n o m e r s
a n d
o f
R a d i c a l
V i n y l
T e l o g e n s
Robert Z. Greenley*
Monsanto Co., 544 Oak Valley Drive, St. Louis, MO 63131, USA
A. Introduction
B. Q and e Values for Free Radical
Copolymerizations
Table 1. Monomers
Table 2. Telogens
Table 3. Monomers Arranged by Q Values
Table 4. Monomers Arranged by e Values
C. References
A.
11-309
11-310
11-310
11-314
11-314
11-317
11-319
INTRODUCTION
The Alfrey and Price Q and e equation (Al) is well known:

(Al)
Q and e are measures of the reactivity and polarity,
respectively, of a vinyl monomer and r\ = kn/kn,
a
reactivity ratio. This equation may be arranged to a
logarithmic form (A2) which provides a more convenient
linear solution:
(A2)
When monomer 2 is the one to be characterized, its Q and e
values may be determined from the slope (^2) and
intercept (InQ 2 ) of the equation.
The first requirement for the use of Eq. (A2) is the
selection of a small group of common monomers for which
Q and e could be independently established. Since, by
definition the Q and e scheme is based on styrene (Q=LO
and e = 0.8), the average Q and e values of these primary
monomers were calculated using Eqs. (Al) and (A3)
(Ref. 1).
(A3)
utilizing only their reactivity ratios with styrene. The six
primary monomers (Group I) - acrylic acid, acrylonitrile,
*Retired.
butadiene, methyl acrylate, methacrylonitrile and methyl

methacrylate - were chosen because their reactivity ratios
had been narrowly defined by several investigators. These
primary reactivity ratios were taken from the compilation in
the second edition of this Handbook.
The Q and e values of a secondary group (Group II) of
ten common vinyl monomers were determined using
Eq. (A2), with the primary monomer group supplying the
Qx and e\ values. The Q and e values were then calculated
for a tertiary set (Group III) of reactivity ratios for which a
set of reactivity ratios with four or more of the primary and
secondary monomers was available. For all groups except
Group I, recalculated reactivity ratios (see the preceding
chapter) were used when available. Otherwise, reported
values were included.
The Q and e values developed for the three groups during
the first pass through the data were subsequently used to
recalculate the Q and e values for Groups II and III. Group I
was not redetermined so that the styrene bias of the system
could be better maintained. After four iterations, no
significant changes were observed. During the iterative
process, a number of reactivity ratio citations were dropped
due to a lack of fit with the majority of data points.
The final Q and e values for these three groups were
then used to determine the Q and e values of other
monomers with four or more reactivity ratio citations
with at least three comonomers (Group IV), and monomers
with three citations with three different comonomers
(Group V).
By replacing r\ in Eq. (A2) with the reciprocal of the
chain transfer constant, \/Cs (3), Q and e values of telogens
may also be estimated (4) from their coreactivity with vinyl
monomers.
The Monomer Table lists the monomer group designation, the Q and e values, and the correlation coefficient (r)
for the regression. The Number column (n) represents the
number of r\ values actually used in the regression. If the
monomer is in Group V, the number is understood to be 3.
The data are listed alphabetically as well as in increasing
values of Q and e.
Recent work by Jenkins (5) has uncovered another

approach to characterizing the copolymerization character
of vinyl monomers. By deriving data from r\ and T2 values,
he was able to calculate three coefficients which appear to

allow a more precise prediction of the actual reactivity
ratios.
B. Q AND e VALUES FOR FREE RADICAL COPOLYMERIZATIONS

TABLE 1. MONOMERS
Monomer
Group
5
6
5
16
5
17
6
4
5
0.98
0.75
0.63
0.97
0.98
0.64
0.91
0.93
0.56
0.68
0.99
0.87
0.38
0.99
0.90
0.92
0.94
0.91
0.65
0.87
0.81
Acenaphthalene
Acetylene, phenylAconitate, trimethyl
Acrolein
Acrolein, methylAcrylamide
Acrylamide, Af-methylolAcrylamide, Af-octadecylAcrylamide, N,iV-diethyl
Acrylamide, WV-dimethyl-glucitol
Acrylate, a-chloro, ethyl
Acrylate, oc-phenyl-, methyl
Acrylate, benzyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, glycidyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, octadecyl
Acrylate, octyl
Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid, oc-bromoAcrylic anhydride
Acrylonitrile
Acryloyl chloride
AUyI acetate
Allyl acrylate
AUyI alcohol
Allyl chloride
Allylbenzene
TV-Allylstearamide
IV
IV
III
IV
IV
IV
IV
IV
IV
V
V
V
IV
IV
IV
IV
II
III
IV
IV
V
I
IV
V
V
V
IV
V
I
V
V
I
IV
III
V
IV
III
IV
V
0.72
0.45
0.25
0.80
1.83
0.23
0.52
0.66
0.48
0.22
0.52
1.00
2.43
4.91
5.19
0.33
0.38
0.41
0.15
0.48
0.96
0.45
0.33
0.63
0.048
0.49
0.37
0.69
0.83
3.07
1.46
0.48
1.82
0.24
0.32
0.005
0.026
0.038
0.024
-1.88
0.10
2.27
1.31
0.71
0.54
1.15
1.64
-0.31
0.61
0.77
-1.03
0.35
0.91
0.96
1.13
0.85
0.55
0.51
1.28
1.34
0.64
1.26
2.01
1.20
1.03
0.24
1.09
0.88
1.37
0.31
1.23
1.92
-1.07
-0.99
-1.48
- 0.60
0.40
-0.41
Benzothiazole, vinylmercaptoBicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene-5,6-dicarboxamine, TV-benzylButadiene

Butadiene, 1,4-dicarboxylate, diethyl
Butadiene, 2,3-dichloroButadiene, 2,3-dimethylButadiene, hexafluoroButadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-fluoroButene-1
Butene-2
Carbamate, TV-vinyl-, ethyl
Carbazole, TV-vinylCarbon monoxide
IV
IV
I
V
V
V
V
IV
II
III
IV
IV
V
IV
III
V
0.36
0.01
1.70
1.67
1.94
9.08
1.42
0.82
10.52
1.88
0.007
0.002
0.037
0.028
0.26
0.013
- 0.44
-0.36
-0.50
1.26
1.39
0.14
-0.43
0.58
1.20
0.63
-0.06
-0.29
-1.12
-1.11
-1.29
1.68
4
4
8
5
20
12
4
4
7
5
4
0.97
0.99
0.55
0.95
0.37
0.98
0.99
0.37
6
8
5
12
4
4
6
24
4
10
6
5
6
4
12
0.90
0.85
0.96
0.98
0.93
0.60
0.62
0.95
0.47
0.82
0.99
0.99
0.93
0.58
0.93
0.98
0.77
0.08
0.44
0.91
0.95
0.99
0.70
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer
Group
Citraconimide, N-methylCrotonaldehyde
Crotonicacid
4-Cyclopentene-l,3-dione
IV
IV
III
IV
0.87
0.023
0.017
0.42
1.58
0.84
0.89
2.43
4
5
6
4
0.94
0.82
0.98
0.96
Diallyl melamine
Diallyl phthalate
Diallycyanamide
AW-Divinylaniline
V
IV
IV
II
0.059
0.031
0.14
0.26
-1.57
-0.26
2.41
-0.68
20
4
5
0.99
0.50
0.96
0.78
Ethylene
Ethylene, 1,1-diphenylEthylene, chlorotrifluoroEthylene, tetrachloroEthylene, tetrafluoroEthylene, trichloro-
III
IV
III
III
IV
III
0.016
0.17
0.026
0.001
0.032
0.010
0.05
-1.71
1.56
1.24
1.63
1.29
6
5
5
7
4
11
0.52
0.84
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.94
Fumarate, diethyl
Fumaronitrile
IV
IV
IV
0.25
0.11
0.29
2.26
2.58
2.73
10
8
5
0.91
0.84
0.96
Hexatriene, tetrachloroHexene-1
IV
V
1.83
0.035
0.94
0.92
0.98
0.69
Imidazole, 1-vinylImidazole, l-vinyl-2-methylIndene

Isobutylene
Isobutylene, 3-chloroIsoprene
Isoprene, 3-acetoxyIsopropenyl acetate
Itaconate, dibutyl
Itaconate, diethyl
Itaconate, dimethyl
Itaconicacid
V
IV
IV
III
IV
II
V
IV
III
V
III
V
V
III
IV
0.11
0.14
0.13
0.023
0.17
1.99
1.91
0.023
1.03
0.57
0.18
0.82
1.04
0.73
0.78
-0.68
-0.98
-0.71
-1.20
-0.86
-0.55
-0.11
- 0.94
0.64
-0.66
-1.05
0.57
0.88
0.57
1.07
Maleate, diethyl
Maleic anhydride
Maleimide
Maleimide, 2,3-dimethyl-iV-(2-methacryloxyethyl)Maleimide, 7V-(2-hydroxyethyl)Maleimide, AK2-chlorophenyl)Maleimide, A^-(4-chlorophenyl)Maleimide, Af-butylMaleimide, N-phenylMethacrylamide
Methacrylamide, Af-phenylMethacrylamide, 1-deoxy-D-glucital
Methacrylate, 2-chloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl
Methacrylate, 2,2,6,6-tetra-methyl-4-piperidinyl
Methacrylate, 2,3-epithio-propyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
IV
IV
V
V
V
IV
V
V
IV
IV
V
V
V
IV
IV
IV
III
III
IV
III
III
IV
I
IV
V
0.053
0.86
0.94
2.54
1.26
2.29
2.98
0.88
2.81
0.40
0.40
0.15
2.09
0.52
1.04
0.88
0.82
0.76
0.22
0.96
0.82
0.97
0.78
1.25
1.18
1.08
3.69
2.86
1.64
1.07
2.87
2.75
3.70
3.24
-0.05
0.19
-0.16
0.62
-1.09
0.29
0.35
0.28
0.17
0.65
0.20
0.27
0.10
0.40
0.79
0.95
6
8
7
4
11
4
6
8
8
5
12
25
5
4
8
4
4
10
10
7
7
9
5
4
7
0.98
0.93
0.45
0.99
0.98
0.86
0.10
0.98
0.78
0.98
0.94
0.88
0.98
0.90
0.99
0.87
0.98
0.99
0.98
0.68
0.96
0.99
0.92
0.99
0.29
0.70
0.19
0.56
0.68
0.84
0.97
0.68
0.62
0.85
0.92
0.76
0.46
0.91
0.95
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer
Group
8
5
4
Methacrylate, 2-(N,Ar-dimethyl-carbamoyloxy)ethyl
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylonitrile
Methacryloylacetone
2-Methyleneglutaronitrile
IV
IV
IV
V
IV
IV
IV
IV
III
IV
I
V
V
V
IV
1.04
1.14
1.09
0.60
1.18
1.04
1.78
4.38
0.98
3.00
0.86
2.04
5.47
2.48
0.41
-0.09
0.84
0.25
0.51
0.74
0.31
-0.39
1.86
0.62
0.56
0.68
1.54
-0.76
0.83
1.25
4
7
7
7
23
5
0.46
0.74
0.52
0.80
0.96
0.79
0.67
0.81
0.73
0.93
0.94
0.79
0.90
0.83
Norbornadiene
III
0.051
-1.48
0.90
Oct-1-ene, 6,6-dimethyl-4,8-dioxaspiro(2.5)Oxazolidone, N-vinylOxazoline, 2,-2-isopropenyl-4,4-dimethylOxazoline, 2-isopropenyl-2Oxazoline, 2-,4-acryloxymethyl-2,4-dimethylOxazoline, 2-,4-methacryloxymethyl-2,4-dimethyl-
V
III
IV
IV
IV
IV
0.25
0.087
0.87
0.59
0.97
0.44
0.61
-1.70
0.34
- 0.64
-0.51
- 0.70
6
4
7
4
4
0.82
0.95
0.65
0.54
0.71
0.99
Pentadiene, trans-1,3Phosphonate, a-carbomethoxyvinyl-, diethyl

Phosphonic acid, a-phenyl-vinylPhthalimide, iV-Cmethacryloyloxy)Propene, 3,3,3-trichloroPropene, 1-chloro-, cisPropene, 1-chloro-, transPropene, 2-chloroPropene, 2-chloro-3-hydroxyPropene, 2,3-dichloroPropenyl, 2-chloro-, acetate
Propylene
Pyridazinone, 3-(2-vinyl)-6-methylPyridazinone, 3-(2-vmyl)-6-methyl-4,5-dihydroPyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinyl-5-ethylPyridine, 4-vinylPyrrolidone, l-benzyl-3-methylene-5-methyl-
IV
V
V
V
V
V
IV
V
V
V
V
V
V
IV
IV
V
V
V
V
III
II
IV
III
V
1.28
0.14
0.032
0.044
0.27
0.24
0.65
1.89
0.030
0.003
0.006
0.073
0.091
0.12
0.20
0.040
0.009
0.57
0.18
1.32
1.41
1.29
2.47
1.50
-0.13
0.04
0.96
1.64
- 0.40
- 0.25
0.52
0.96
1.00
-0.46
-0.16
-0.16
-0.95
-0.40
-0.85
- 2.08
-1.69
0.24
-0.32
-0.66
-0.42
-0.91
0.84
-0.59
Quinoline, 2-vinyl-
IV
1.04
-0.09
Silane, 7-methacryloxypropyl-trimethoxy
Styrene
Styrene, 2,4,6-trimethylStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, 3-tri--butylstannylStyrene, a-methoxyStyrene, a-methylStyrene, m-bromoStyrene, m-chloroStyrene, m-methylStyrene, m-nitroStyrene,/7-bromoStyrene,/7-chloro-
V
I
IV
II
IV
IV
III
IV
IV
V
IV
IV
III
1.08
1.00
0.15
1.50
0.014
0.39
0.97
1.25
2.46
1.57
2.66
1.30
1.33
0.07
-0.80
-0.58
0.94
-0.61
-1.02
-0.81
-0.27
- 0.90
-0.03
1.57
-0.68
-0.64
4
5
7
9
12
4
7
0.54
0.96
0.98
0.89
0.54
0.53
0.76
0.74
0.99
0.84
0.28
0.99
0.99
0.67
0.61
0.97
0.84
0.58
0.35
0.95
0.97
0.94
0.86
0.98
0.46
0.35
4
12
4
5
15
4
4
7
7
12
0.41
0.96
0.51
0.77
0.98
0.98
0.87
0.06
0.85
0.99
0.92
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer
Group
7
5
6
5
0.74
0.75
0.99
0.98
0.65
0.51
0.91
0.87
0.96
Styrene, p-chloromethylStyrene, p-cyanoStyrene, p-methoxyStyrene,/?-methylStyrene, p-\-(2-hydroxybutyl)Styrene,/7-l-(2-hydroxypropyl)Styrene,/?-2-(2-hydroxypropyl)Styrene, pentachloroSuccinimide, iV-vinyl-
IV
IV
III
III
V
IV
IV
V
III
1.39
2.93
1.53
1.10
0.70
1.08
1.15
0.20
0.19
-0.38
-0.38
-1.40
-0.63
-0.97
-0.35
-0.49
0.79
-1.42
Tetrazole, 1-vinylTetrazole, 2-methyl-5-(4/-vinyl)phenylTetrazole, 2-methyl-5-vinylTetrazole, 2-phenyl-5-(4/-vinyl)phenylTetrazole, 5-phenyl-2-(4/-vinyl)phenylToluenesulfonamide, A^methyl-vinylTriallyl citrate

Triallyl cyanurate
V
V
V
V
V
V
IV
V
V
0.13
0.86
0.55
0.84
1.11
0.18
0.054
0.14
0.035
-0.14
0.51
- 0.46
-0.52
0.53
-0.53
0.26
2.41
-0.23
Urea, N-vinyl-iV'-ethyl-
0.17
-1.88
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl butyrate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloroacetate
Vinyl cinnamate
Vinyl cymantrene
Vinyl dodecyl ether
Vinyl ether
Vinyl ethyl ether
Vinyl ethyl oxalate
Vinyl ethyl sulfide
Vinyl fluoride
Vinyl formate
Vinyl hendecanoate
Vinyl laurate
Vinyl-m-cresyl ether
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl <?-cresyl ether
Vinyl octyl ether
Vinyl pelargonate
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinyl phenyl ketone
Vinyl propionate
Vinyl stearate
Vinyl thiolacetate
II
III
IV
IV
IV
IV
II
IV
IV
IV
IV
V
IV
IV
III
IV
IV
IV
IV
III
III
IV
IV
V
IV
V
V
II
IV
V
V
IV
IV
V
IV
IV
IV
IV
IV
III
IV
IV
0.026
0.030
0.038
0.038
0.16
0.024
0.056
0.039
16.00
0.18
0.39
0.059
0.041
0.029
0.018
0.056
0.27
0.065
0.008
0.043
0.056
0.030
0.49
0.58
0.59
0.011
0.016
0.66
0.42
0.60
0.010
0.024
0.020
0.015
0.046
0.046
1.16
0.33
0.027
0.043
0.046
0.27
-0.88
-0.89
-0.23
-1.50
1.06
-0.89
0.16
-1.61
1.78
0.76
-0.57
-1.38
-1.69
-1.16
-1.80
- 0.65
-1.31
0.05
0.72
-1.19
-0.84
-1.27
- 0.95
-1.16
0.37
-0.54
- 6.33
1.05
-1.66
-1.79
-8.53
-1.93
-1.57
-6.86
-1.22
-2.16
1.02
-0.99
-0.68
-0.97
- 2.20
-0.52
4
4
8
0.39
0.49
0.85
0.97
0.53
0.78
0.50
0.17
0.35
0.98
49
9
10
10
4
8
38
5
4
4
4
6
4
8
4
6
4
8
5
5
7
7
4
8
5
4
4
4
9
5
5
7
7
4
5
0.87
0.95
0.94
0.87
0.97
0.91
0.37
0.98
0.97
0.99
0.88
0.95
0.83
0.80
0.90
0.53
0.96
0.21
0.71
0.99
0.82
0.98
0.99
0.44
0.77
0.81
0.99
0.98
0.99
0.46
0.97
0.87
0.98
0.99
0.79
0.95
0.95
0.96
0.82
0.85
0.72
0.85
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer
Group

/?-Vinylbenzylethylcarbinol
/?-Vinylbenzylmethylcarbinol
9-Vinylanthracene
Vinyl AW-diethylcarbamate
p-Vinylbenzoic acid
Af-Vinylcaprolactam
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylferrocene
Vinylhydroquinone
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene cyanide
Vinylisocyanate
JV-Vinylpyrrolidone
IV
IV
IV
V
V
IV
IV
V
IV
III
IV
V
IV
II
IV
III
II
V
V
Q
0.66
0.019
0.022
0.69
1.70
0.14
0.028
5.17
0.14
0.004
0.31
4.30
1.73
0.31
14.22
0.14
0.088
0.021
0.027
e
- 0.82
-1.64
-0.12
-0.98
-1.27
0.82
-1.10
1.08
-1.18
- 0.49
-1.34
2.26
0.84
0.34
1.92
-0.95
-1.62
0.82
0.19
9
5
5
4
4
9
6
5
40
9
6
12
r
0.50
0.96
0.75
0.67
0.98
0.90
0.95
0.95
0.72
0.73
0.91
0.87
0.87
0.68
0.82
0.98
0.95
0.61
0.58
TABLE 2. TELOGENS
Telogen
Temp. (0C)
Acetone
60
80
60
80
60
80
60
80
60
80
60
60
60
80
60
80
60
80
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
80
60
80
60
60
Benzene
-, chloro-,ethyl-,methylBenzoyl peroxide
Butanol
Butanone
Cyclohexane
1,2-Dichloroethane
Ethyl acetate
Mercaptan, alkylMercaptoacetate, alkylMethane, dichloro-, nitro-, tetrabromoMethane, tetrachloro-, trichloroMethanol
Triethylamine
Q ( x 104)
0.11
0.32
0.05
0.07
0.07
0.13
0.95
0.91
0.16
0.34
36
0.53
0.82
1.40
0.11
0.14
0.62
1.1
0.07
14500
15100
0.10
3.26
7300
3.64
5.15
1.18
1.24
0.18
28.8
No.
0.35
0.45
-1.21
-0.61
0.08
-0.06
-1.02
-0.61
-0.95
-0.87
-1.89
-0.57
0.53
1.00
-0.64
-1.41
1.34
2.07
-0.87
2.44
3.27
-0.68
-1.50
2.90
3.21
3.41
0.47
0.70
-0.93
-2.39
5
5
16
9
7
5
8
7
12
11
4
6
4
7
6
7
3
6
11
11
4
4
4
8
13
9
8
10
5
7
0.80
0.68
0.94
0.72
0.30
0.30
0.84
0.86
0.93
0.94
0.93
0.63
0.60
0.80
0.86
0.77
0.96
0.96
0.97
0.99
0.99
0.82
0.92
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.95
0.82
0.76
0.99
TABLE 3. MONOMERS ARRANGED BY Q VALUES

Monomer
Ethylene, tetrachloroButene-2
Propene, 1-chloro-, cis-
0.001
0.002
0.003
1.24
- 0.29
- 0.46
Monomer
Vinylene carbonate
Allyl alcohol
Propene, 1-chloro-, trans-
0.004
0.005
0.006
- 0.49
- 1.48
-0.16
TABLE 3.
cont'd
Monomer
Butene-1
Vinyl
fluoride
Propylene
Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene5,6 dicarboxamine, N-benzylEthylene, trichloroVinyl o-cresyl ether
Vinyl laurate
Carbon monoxide
Styrene, 3-tri-rc-butylstannylVinyl p-cresyl ether
Ethylene
Crotonic acid
Vinyl ethyl ether
Vinyl octyl ether
Crotonaldehyde
Isobutylene
Isopropenyl acetate
N-Allylstearamide
Vinyl butyrate
AUyI chloride
Ethylene, chlorotrifluoroVinyl acetate
Vinyl propionate
Carbamate, MN-diethyl-, vinyl
Vinyl WV-diethylcarbamate
Vinyl ether
Propene, 3,3,3-trichloroVinyl benzoate
Diallyl phthalate
Ethylene, tetrafluoroPhosphonate, isopropenyl-, dimethyl
Hexene-1
Carbamate, AT-vinyl-, ethyl
Allylbenzene
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl chloroacetate
Vinyl dodecyl ether
Vinyl formate
Vinyl stearate
Vinyl pelargonate
Vinyl phenyl ether
Norbornadiene
Maleate, diethyl
Triallyl citrate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl ethyl oxalate
Vinyl hendecanoate
Diallyl melamine
Propene, 2-chloro-
0.007
0.008
0.009
-0.06
0.72
-1.69
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.011
0.013
0.014
0.015
0.016
0.016
0.017
0.018
0.019
0.020
0.021
0.022
0.023
0.023
0.023
0.024
0.024
0.024
0.026
0.026
0.026
0.027
0.027
0.028
0.028
0.029
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.031
0.032
0.032
0.035
0.035
0.037
0.038
0.038
0.038
0.039
0.040
0.041
0.043
0.043
0.044
0.046
0.046
0.046
0.048
0.051
0.053
0.054
0.056
0.056
0.056
0.059
0.059
0.065
0.073
- 0.36
1.29
- 8.53
- 0.54
1.68
-0.61
- 6.86
0.05
- 6.33
0.89
-1.80
-1.64
-1.57
0.82
- 0.12
0.84
-1.20
- 0.94
-0.41
- 0.89
-1.93
- 0.60
1.56
- 0.88
- 0.68
0.19
-1.11
-1.10
-1.16
1.00
- 0.89
-1.27
-0.26
1.63
0.96
0.92
- 0.23
-1.12
0.40
- 0.23
-1.50
-1.61
- 2.08
-1.69
-1.19
- 0.97
1.64
- 1.22
- 2.16
- 2.20
1.20
-1.48
1.08
- 0.26
0.16
- 0.65
- 0.84
-1.57
-1.38
0.05
-0.16
Monomer
Oxazolidone, N-vinylN-Vinylpyrrolidone
Propene, 2-chloro-3-hydroxyFumarate, diisopropyl
Imidazole, 1-vinylPropene, 2,3-dichloroIndene
Tetrazole, 1-vinylN-Vinylcaprolactam
Diallylcyanamide
Imidazole, l-vinyl-2-methylPhosphonate, a-carbomethoxyvinyl-diethyl
Triallyl cyanurate
9-Vinylanthracene
Vinylisocyanate
Styrene, 2,4,6-trimethylVinyl butylsulfonate
Ethylene, 1,1 -diphenylIsobutylene, 3-chloroUrea, TV-vinyl-TV'ethylIsopropenylisocyanate
Pyridazinone, 3-(2-vinyl)-6-methyl4,5-dihydroToluenesulfonamide, iVyV-methyl-vinylVinyl cinnamate
Succinimide, N-vinylPropenyl, 2-chloro-, acetate
Styrene, pentachloro1-Acrylamido-1-deoxy-D-glucitol
Acrylamide
AHyI acetate
Fumarate, diethyl
Oct-1-ene, 6,6-dimethyl-4,8-dioxaspiro(2,5)Carbazole, N-vinylAW-Divinylaniline
Vinyl ethyl sulfide
Vinyl thiolacetate
Fumaronitrile
Vinylferrocene
Vinylidene chloride
Allyl acrylate
Acrylate, benzyl
Acrylate, octadecyl
Benzothiazole, vinylmercaptoAcrylate, 2-ethylhexyl
Acrylate, butyl
Styrene, a-methoxyVinyl cymantrene
Methacrylamide
Methacrylamide, N-phenylAcrylamide, AÂf-dimethylAcrylate, ethyl
Oxazoline, 2-,4-methacryloxymethyl2,4-dimethylAcetylene, phenyl-
0.087
0.088
0.091
0.11
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.13
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.18
0.18
-1.70
-1.62
-0.95
2.58
-0.68
-0.40
-0.71
-0.14
-1.18
2.41
-0.98
0.04
2.41
0.82
0.95
0.51
0.16
-0.58
1.06
-1.71
-0.86
-1.88
1.05
-0.32
0.18
0.18
0.19
0.20
0.20
0.22
0.22
0.23
0.24
0.24
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.26
0.26
0.27
0.27
0.27
0.29
0.31
0.31
0.32
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.36
0.37
0.38
0.39
0.39
0.40
0.40
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.42
0.42
0.44
0.53
0.76
-1.42
- 0.85
0.79
0.61
- 0.65
0.54
-1.07
- 0.25
2.27
2.26
0.61
-1.29
- 0.68
- 0.40
-1.31
- 0.52
2.73
-1.34
0.34
- 0.99
1.13
1.26
- 0.99
0.44
0.24
0.85
- 1.02
- 0.57
- 0.05
0.19
-0.26
0.55
1.25
2.43
-1.66
0.70
0.45
0.10
TABLE 3.
cont'd
Monomer
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylamide, N,N-diethy\
Acrylate, glycidyl
Acrylonitrile
Acrylamide, Af-methylolAcrylate, a-acetoxy-, ethyl
Tetrazole, 2-methyl-5-vinylIsopropenyl, 3-(l-cyclohexenyl)acetate
Pyridazinone, 3-(2-vinyl)-6-methylVinyl isopropyl ketone
Oxazoline, 2-isopropenyl-2Vinyl isothiocyanate
Acrylate, octyl
Phosphonic acid, a-phenylAcrylamide, Af-octadecylVinyl methyl ketone
p-Vinylbenzylethylcarbinol
Styrene, p-1 -(2-hydroxybutyl)Acenaphthalene
Itaconate, dimethyl
Methacrylate, ethyl
Itaconic acid
Acrolein
Butadiene, hexafluoroItaconate, dibutyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Acrylic acid
Tetrazole, 2-phenyl-5-(4'-vinyl)-phenylMaleic anhydride
Methacrylonitrile
Tetrazole, 2-methyl-5-(4/-vinyl)-phenylCitraconimide, TV-methylOxazoline, 2-, 2-isopropenyl-4,4-dimethylMaleimide, A^-butylMethacrylate, benzyl
Maleimide
Oxazoline, 2-,4-acryloxymethyl-2,4-dimethylStyrene, a-methylMethacrylic acid
Styrene
Itaconate, diethyl
Quinoline, 2-vinylSilane, y-methacryloxypropyl-trimethoxy
Styrene, /?-l-(2-hydroxypropyl)Methacrylate, 2-(sulfonic acid)ethyl
Styrene, p-methyl-
0.45
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.49
0.49
0.52
0.52
0.52
0.64
- 0.31
1.28
1.23
1.03
- 0.95
1.15
0.77
-1.09
0.55
0.57
0.57
0.58
0.59
0.59
0.60
0.60
0.63
0.65
0.66
0.66
0.66
0.69
0.69
0.70
0.72
0.73
0.76
0.78
0.78
0.80
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.83
0.84
0.86
0.86
0.86
0.87
0.87
0.88
0.88
0.94
0.96
0.97
0.97
0.97
0.98
1.00
1.00
1.03
1.04
1.04
1.04
1.04
1.04
1.08
1.08
1.09
1.10
- 0.46
0.66
0.24
1.16
- 0.64
0.37
0.51
-1.79
2.01
0.52
1.64
1.05
- 0.82
1.09
- 0.98
- 0.97
-1.88
0.57
0.17
1.07
0.40
1.31
0.58
0.57
0.28
0.27
0.88
-0.52
3.69
0.68
0.51
1.58
0.34
3.70
0.35
2.86
0.20
0.10
-0.51
-0.81
0.62
-1.03
-0.80
0.64
0.88
-0.09
0.29
0.31
-0.09
0.07
- 0.35
0.25
- 0.63
Monomer
Tetrazole, 5-phenyl-2-(4'-vinyl)-phenylMethacrylate, 2-(N,N-dimethylcarbamoyloxy)ethyl
Styrene, /?-2-(2-hydroxypropyl)Vinyl phenyl ketone
Styrene, m-bromoMaleimide, A^-(2-hydroxyethyl)Pentadiene, trans-1,3Pyridine, 2-vinyl-5-ethylStyrene, p-bromoPyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylStyrene, /?-chloroStyrene, /?-chloromethylPyridine, 2-vinylButadiene, 2,3-dimethylAcrylic anhydride
Pyrrolidone, l-benzyl-3-methylene-5-methylStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, p-methoxyStyrene, m-methylButadiene-1-carboxylate, ethyl
Butadiene
p-Vinylbenzylmethylcarbinol
Acryloyl chloride
Acrolein, methylHexatriene, tetrachloroButadiene, 2-fluoroPhthalimide, AHmethacryloyloxy)Isoprene, 3-acetoxyButadiene, 1,4-dicarboxylate, diethyl
Isoprene
Methacrylate, 2-chloro2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl
Styrene, m-nitroMaleimide, Ar-(2-chlorophenyl)Acrylate, a-chloro-, methyl
Styrene,
ra-chloroPyridine, 4-vinylMethylenebutyrolactone
Maleimide, 2,3-dimethylAf-(2-methacryloxyethyl)Styrene, o-chloroMaleimide, JV-phenylStyrene, /?-cyanoMaleimide, A^-(4-chlorophenyl)Methacrylic anhydride
Acrylic acid, a-bromoVinylhydroquinone
/7-Vinylbenzoic acid
Methacryloylacetone
Butadiene, 2,3-dichloroButadiene, 2-chloroVinylidene cyanide
1.11
1.14
0.53
0.84
1.15
1.16
1.18
1.18
1.25
1.25
1.26
1.28
1.29
1.30
1.32
1.33
1.39
1.41
1.42
1.46
1.50
1.50
1.53
1.57
1.67
1.70
1.70
1.73
1.78
1.82
1.83
1.83
1.88
1.89
1.91
1.94
1.99
2.04
- 0.49
1.02
0.95
0.74
0.79
-0.27
1.07
-0.13
- 0.91
- 0.68
-0.66
0.64
- 0.38
-0.42
-0.43
0.31
-0.59
0.94
1.40
-0.03
1.26
-0.50
1.27
0.84
-0.39
1.92
0.71
0.94
0.63
0.96
0.11
1.39
-0.55
1.54
2.09
2.19
2.29
2.43
2.46
2.47
2.48
2.54
0.62
0.20
2.87
0.35
- 0.90
0.84
0.83
1.64
2.66
2.81
2.93
2.98
3.00
3.07
4.30
4.38
4.91
5.17
5.19
5.47
9.08
10.52
14.22
16.00
1.57
3.24
- 0.38
2.75
0.56
1.37
2.26
1.86
0.91
1.08
0.96
- 0.76
0.14
1.20
1.92
1.78
TABLE 4. MONOMERS ARRANGED BY e VALUES

Monomer
Ethylene
Silane, y-methacryloxypropyl-trimethoxy
Acetylene, phenylMethacrylate, isopropyl
Butadiene, 2,3-dichloroVinyl chloride
Methacrylate, ethyl
Methacrylamide, N-phenylMethacrylate, glycidyl
Styrene,
ra-nitroAcrylate, 2-ethylhexyl
Pyridazinone, 3-(2-vinyl)-6-methylMethacrylate, 2-(sulfonic acid)ethyl
Methacrylate, butyl
Acrylic anhydride
Vinylidene chloride
Oxazoline, 2-,2-isopropenyl-4,4-dimethylMethacrylate, benzyl
Allylbenzene
Tetrazole, 2-methyl-5-(4'-vinyl)-phenylPhosphonic acid, oc-phenylvinylTetrazole, 5-phenyl-2-(4'-vinyl)-phenylAcrylamide
Acrylate, ethyl
Itaconate, dimethyl
Itaconate, dibutyl
Butadiene, hexafluoro1-Acrylamideo-l-deoxy-D-glucitol
Oct-1-ene, 6,6-dimethyl-4,8-dioxaspiro(2.5)Methacrylic acid
Butadiene, 2-fluoroAcrylate, methyl
Methacrylonitrile
Acrolein, methylVinyl
fluoride
Vinyl cinnamate
Styrene, pentachloroMethacrylate, phenyl
9-Vinylanthracene
Crotonaldehyde
Methacrylate, 2-(ATv/V-dimethylcarbamoyloxy)ethyl
Pyridine, 4-vinylAcrylate, butyl
Acrylic acid
Itaconate, diethyl
Crotonic acid
Monomer
0.065
0.016
1.08
0.45
0.97
9.08
0.056
0.76
0.027
0.40
0.96
2.19
0.37
0.57
1.09
0.82
0.82
1.04
1.04
1.46
0.31
0.87
0.88
2.43
0.59
0.038
0.78
0.15
0.60
0.86
0.65
1.11
0.23
0.41
3.00
0.73
0.82
0.82
0.22
0.25
0.98
1.88
0.45
1.03
0.86
1.83
0.008
1.18
0.18
0.52
0.20
1.25
0.021
0.14
2.48
1.73
0.023
1.14
0.05
0.05
0.07
0.10
0.10
0.14
0.16
0.17
0.19
0.19
0.20
0.20
0.24
0.24
0.25
0.27
0.28
0.29
0.31
0.31
0.34
0.34
0.35
0.35
0.37
0.40
0.40
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.52
0.53
0.54
0.55
0.56
0.57
0.57
0.58
0.61
0.61
0.62
0.63
0.64
0.64
0.68
0.71
0.72
0.74
0.76
0.77
0.79
0.79
0.82
0.82
0.83
0.84
0.84
0.84
2.47
0.38
0.83
1.04
0.017
4.91
0.84
0.85
0.88
0.88
0.89
0.91
Hexene-1
Styrene, 2,5-dichloroHexatriene, tetrachloroMethacrylate, sulfolanyl
Phthalimide, AHmethacryloyloxy)Acrylate, a-phenyl-, methyl
Propene, 3,3,3-trichloroVinyl phenyl ketone
Vinyl methyl ketone
Itaconic acid
Maleimide, A^-(2-hydroxyethyl)/?-Vinylbenzoic acid
Maleate, diethyl
Acrylate, benzyl
Acrylamide, Af-methylolAcrylate, trifluoro-, methyl
Butadiene, 2-chloroAcrylonitrile
Ethylene, tetrachloro2-Methyleneglutaronitrile
Acrylate, octadecyl
Acrylate, glycidyl
Ethylene, trichloroAcrolein
Acrylic acid, a-bromoButadiene, 1,4-dicarboxylate, diethyl
Ethylene, chlorotrifluoroStyrene, ochloroCitraconimide, N-methylEthylene, tetrafluoroPhosphonate, vinyl-, bis(2-chloro-ethyl)
Acrylamide, N-octadecylMaleimide, 2,3-dimethyl-Af(2-methacryloxyethyl)Carbon monoxide
Vinylidene cyanide
Acryloyl chloride
Acrylate, octyl
Methacrylate, 2-chloro2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl
Vinylhydroquinone
Fumarate, diethyl
Triallyl cyanurate
Diallylcyanamide
Fumaronitrile
Maleimide, AT-(4-chlorophenyl)Maleimide
Maleimide, N-(2-chlorophenyl)Maleimide, Af-phenylMaleic anhydride
Maleimide, N-butylStyrene, m-methylPhosphonate, a-carbomethoxyvinyl-, diethyl
0.035
1.50
1.83
1.18
0.032
1.89
5.19
0.030
1.16
0.49
0.66
0.16
0.78
1.26
5.17
0.053
0.69
0.33
0.52
0.048
10.52
0.48
0.001
0.41
0.33
1.67
0.48
0.010
0.80
0.96
3.07
1.94
2.04
0.026
2.66
0.87
0.032
0.044
0.66
0.92
0.94
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.96
0.96
1.00
1.02
1.03
1.05
1.06
1.07
1.07
1.08
1.08
1.09
1.13
1.15
1.20
1.20
1.23
1.24
1.25
1.26
1.26
1.28
1.29
1.31
1.34
1.37
1.39
1.54
1.56
1.57
1.58
1.63
1.64
1.64
2.54
0.013
16.00
4.38
14.22
1.82
0.63
0.62
1.64
1.68
1.78
1.86
1.92
1.92
2.01
2.09
4.30
0.25
0.25
0.11
0.14
0.14
0.42
0.29
2.98
0.94
2.29
2.81
0.86
0.88
1.57
0.14
2.26
2.26
2.27
2.58
2.41
2.41
2.43
2.73
2.75
2.86
2.87
3.24
3.69
3.70
-0.03
0.04
TABLE 4. cont'd
Monomer
Methacrylamide
Butene-1
Quinoline, 2-vinylIsoprene, 3-acetoxyVinyl-tris(trimethoxysiloxy )silane
Pentadiene, trans-1,3Tetrazole, 1-vinylPropene, 1-chloro-, transPropene, 2-chloroMethacrylamide, 1-deoxy-D-glucitol
Vinyl bromide
Triallyl citrate
Diallyl phthalate
Acrylamide, WV-dimethylStyrene, m-bromoButene-2
Acrylamide, MA^-diethyl
Pyridazinone, 3-(2-vinyl)-6-methylStyrene, /?-l-(2-hydroxypropyl)Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene5,6 dicarboxamine, Af-benzylStyrene, /?-chloromethylStyrene, /?-cyanoMethacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl
Propene, 2,3-dichloroPhosphonate, vinyl-, diethyl
N-Allylstearamide
Pyridine, 2-vinylButadiene, 2,3-dimethylBenzothiazole, vinylmercaptoTetrazole, 2-methyl-5-vinylPropene, 1-chloro-, cisVinylene carbonate
Styrene, p-2-(2-hydroxypropyl)Butadiene
Oxazoline, 2,4-acryloxymethyl-2,4-dimethylVinyl thiolacetate
Tetrazole, 2-phenyl-5-(4/-vinyl)-phenylToluenesulfonamide, iVVV-methyl-vinylVinyl laurate
Isoprene
Vinyl cymantrene
Styrene, 2,4,6-trimethylPyrrolidone, l-benzyl-3-methylene-5-methylAUyI chloride
Styrene, 3-tri-n-butylstannylStyrene, /?-methylOxazoline, 2-isopropenyl-2Styrene, /?-chloroVinyl ethyl oxalate
Isopropenyl, 3-(l-cyclohexenyl)-acetate
Pyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylVinyl propionate
Imidazole, 1-vinylMN-Divinylaniline
Styrene, p-bromoOxazoline, 2-,4-methacryloxymethyl2,4-dimethylIndene
Methacryloylacetone
Styrene
Styrene, a-methyl-
0.40
0.007
1.04
1.04
1.91
0.022
1.28
0.13
0.006
0.073
0.15
0.035
0.038
0.24
0.054
0.031
0.41
1.25
0.002
0.48
0.18
1.08
- 0.05
-0.06
-0.09
-0.09
0.11
-0.12
-0.13
-0.14
-0.16
- 0.16
0.16
- 0.23
- 0.23
- 0.25
- 0.26
-0.26
-0.26
-0.27
- 0.29
-0.31
-0.32
- 0.35
0.01
1.39
2.93
1.78
0.12
0.27
0.024
1.41
1.42
0.36
0.55
0.003
0.004
1.15
1.70
0.97
0.27
0.84
0.18
0.011
1.99
0.39
0.15
1.50
0.026
0.014
1.10
0.59
1.33
0.056
0.22
0.57
1.32
0.027
0.11
0.26
1.30
0.44
0.36
- 0.38
- 0.38
-0.39
-0.40
- 0.40
-0.41
- 0.42
-0.43
0.44
- 0.46
- 0.46
- 0.49
- 0.49
-0.50
-0.51
- 0.52
-0.52
- 0.53
-0.54
-0.55
- 0.57
-0.58
0.59
-0.60
-0.61
- 0.63
0.64
- 0.64
- 0.65
- 0.65
0.66
-0.66
- 0.68
-0.68
- 0.68
- 0.68
- 0.70
0.13
5.47
1.00
0.97
-0.71
- 0.76
-0.80
-0.81
Monomer
Vinyl hendecanoate
Isobutylene, 3-chloroVinyl acetate
Vinyl butyrate
Vinyl benzoate
Styrene, m-chloroPyridine, 2-vinyl-5-ethylIsopropenyl acetate
Vinylisocyanate
Propene, 2-chloro-3-hydroxyVinyl stearate
Styrene, p-1 (2-hydroxybutyl)/7-Vinylbenzylethylcarbinol
Imidazole, l-vinyl-2-methylVinyl phenyl sulfide
AHyI acrylate
Styrene, oe-methoxyAcrylate, a-chloro-, ethyl
Allyl acetate
Methacrylate, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidinyl
Vinyl AW-diethylcarbamate
Carbamate, AW-diethyl-, vinyl
Vinyl ether
N- Vinylcaprolactam
Vinyl formate
Isobutylene
Vinyl pelargonate
/7-Vinylbenzylmethylcarbinol
Carbazole, N-vinylVinyl ethyl sulfide
Vinylferrocene
Styrene, p-methoxySuccinimide, N-vinylAllyl alcohol
Norbornadiene
Vinyl butyl ether
Vinyl octyl ether
Diallyl melamine
Vinyl chloroacetate
N-Vinylpyrrolidone
Vinyl dodecyl ether
Propylene
Oxazolidone, TV-vinylEthylene, 1,1-diphenylVinyl methyl sulfoxide
Vinyl ethyl ether
Urea, Af-vinyl-Af'ethylAcenaphthalene
Vinyl phenyl ether
0.66
0.056
0.20
0.17
0.026
0.024
0.030
2.46
1.29
0.023
0.14
0.49
0.091
0.043
0.70
0.69
0.14
0.33
0.32
0.39
1.00
0.18
0.24
0.52
0.028
0.028
0.037
0.029
0.58
0.14
0.043
0.023
0.046
0.030
1.70
0.26
0.27
0.31
0.059
1.53
0.19
0.005
0.051
0.038
0.020
0.059
0.039
0.088
0.019
0.42
0.041
0.009
0.087
0.17
0.60
0.018
0.17
0.72
0.024
0.040
0.046
0.046
0.016
0.015
0.010
- 0.82
- 0.84
- 0.85
-0.86
- 0.88
- 0.89
- 0.89
- 0.90
- 0.91
- 0.94
0.95
- 0.95
-0.95
- 0.97
- 0.97
- 0.98
-0.98
- 0.99
- 0.99
-1.02
-1.03
1.05
-1.07
-1.09
-1.10
-1.11
-1.12
-1.16
1.16
-1.18
-1.19
-1.20
-1.22
-1.27
1.27
-1.29
-1.31
1.34
-1.38
-1.40
1.42
-1.48
-1.48
-1.50
-1.57
-1.57
-1.61
-1.62
-1.64
-1.66
-1.69
-1.69
-1.70
-1.71
-1.79
-1.80
-1.88
-1.88
-1.93
- 2.08
-2.16
- 2.20
- 6.33
- 6.86
- 8.53
C. REFERENCES
1. T. Alfrey, C. C. Price, J. Polym. ScL, 2, 101 (1947).
2. R. Z. Greenley, J. Macromol. Sci. A: Chem., 9, 505 (1975).
3. L. J. Young, in: J. Brandrup, E. H. Immergut (Eds.), "Polymer
Handbook", 2nd ed., Wiley, New York, 1975.
4. R. Z. Greenley, J. Macromol. Sci. A: Chem., 11, 933

(1977).
5. A. D. Jenkins, J. Polym. Sci.: Part A: Polym. Chem., 34, 3495
(1996).
P a t t e r n s
f o r
t h e
o f
R e a c t i v i t y
P r e d i c t i o n
R a t i o s
i n
a n d
o f
( U , V )
M o n o m e r
T r a n s f e r
R a d i c a l
P a r a m e t e r s
R e a c t i v i t y
C o n s t a n t s
A u b r e y D . Jenkins, Jitka Jenkins

University of Sussex, Brighton, Sussex, BN1 9QJ, UK
A.
B.
C.
D.
Introduction
Example
Transfer Constants
Tables of Parameters
Table 1. Monomers
Table 2. Transfer Agents
E. References
A.
11-321
II-322
II-322
II-323
II-323
II-326
II-327
INTRODUCTION
The relation between monomer reactivity ratios and the

Alfrey-Price Q-e parameters is explained in the introduction to the tables of monomer reactivity ratios and Q-e
values, compiled by Robert Z. Greenley and published in
the present volume (1,2). Although very widely used, the
Q-e scheme is well known to have serious limitations (3),
which have prompted several attempts to improve upon it.
One such endeavour was the "Patterns of Reactivity"
scheme, first described as long ago as 1959 (4-7), when the
Q-e scheme was only about ten years old; despite the
indisputably more satisfactory basis of this procedure, it did
not achieve popularity but recent revisions have greatly
improved both its accessibility and its accuracy (3,8,9).
In the Q-e scheme, four parameters (Qi, Q2, e\, e2, two
for each monomer) are necessary for the prediction of a
monomer reactivity ratio (e.g. r\2 = &11/&12, where subscript 1 refers to the radical and subscript 2 to the
monomer) but the same four parameters also facilitate the
prediction of the partner monomer reactivity ratio
(?2\ k22/k2\) because identical Q and e parameters are
used to characterise both a given monomer and its derived
radical. This device is certainly economical on input data
but it introduces an approximation of very doubtful validity.
In the "Patterns" scheme (to use the abbreviated title),
different parameters are designated for the monomer and its
conjugate radical. Hence, while four input parameters are
again necessary for the calculation of a single monomer

reactivity ratio, eight are required to calculate both r\2 and
r2\. The reward for the greater input of data is a substantial
increase in the precision of the result; furthermore, all four
parameters for each monomer/radical conjugate pair are
experimentally determined from polymerization data,
specifically monomer reactivity ratios from Greenley's
tabulation, so no arbitrary assignment is involved, as it is
with the Q-e scheme.
The fundamental equation for the calculation of a
reactivity ratio, r\2, is given below.
log rn = log ris - U2TTi - V2.
(Al)
Here, the symbol S denotes the monomer styrene, and

log ris is the counterpart of Q\ in the Q-e scheme. The
counterpart of ei is the polarity parameter TTI; this is
usually almost exactly equal to the Hammett a parameter
for the substituent(s) present on the oc-carbon atom of the
radical derived from monomer 1 but it is best calculated (8)
from monomer reactivity ratio data according to Eq. (A2).
TT1 = 0.385 log[(r 1A )/0.377(n s )]
(A2)
Here, the symbol A denotes the monomer acrylonitrile. It

is truly an astonishing fact that the Hammett a parameter,
derived originally from studies of the dissociation of
substituted benzoic acids, is equal in value to a simple
quantity derived from a knowledge of the monomer
reactivity ratios for the reactions of a monomer 1 with
(separately) acrylonitrile and styrene.
The values of U2 and V2, the respective counterparts of
the Q-e scheme's e2 and Q2, are determined by reference
to data for the (separate) copolymerizations of monomer 2
with the members of a Basic Monomer Set. These are five
monomers for which reliable data exist in the literature:
styrene (S); methyl methacrylate (MM); methyl acrylate
(MA); methacrylonitrile (MAN); and acrylonitrile (A).

Ideally, monomer reactivity ratios should be known for the
copolymerization of the monomer of interest (labelled 2 in
this case) with each of these five reference monomers. If the
reference monomer is monomer 1 in this context, a plot is
made of [log r 12 log ris] against TT\; the slope of the
resulting straight line is Ui and the intercept on the
ordinate axis is V2, in conformity with Eq. (Al).
If data for reactions with all five members of the Basic
Monomer Set are not available, use can be made of such
data as exists, always provided that styrene and acrylonitrile
are among the monomers included. This condition ensures
that the data are spread over a wide range of radical
polarity, represented by TT\, because styrene has a very low
value (zero), while acrylonitrile has one of the highest
values known (0.701).
In Table 1, each monomer is designated either as Basic
or assigned to a category according to the number of
members of the Basic Monomer Set for which data have
been employed in the determination of its U2 and V2; for
category 5, all five Basic monomers were involved, and so
on down to category 2, where data for only styrene and
acrylonitrile are available. Clearly, the higher the category
number, the more reliable the w2 and V2 values. The
procedure described thus far is known as the Patterns U, V
Scheme (3).
For Group 2 monomers, there is no need to make a plot
because the use of just two data points permits algebraic
solutions to be found. In fact, it can be shown (3) that the
following relations hold.
(A3)
Substitution in Eq. (Al) leads to the following relationships (A4, A5), giving the two monomer reactivity ratios
for the copolymerization of any two monomers, 1 and 2.
(A4)
(A5)
Application of Eqs. (A3-A5) corresponds to the
Patterns A, S Scheme (4), so-called, because data for
reaction with only acrylonitrile and styrene are involved.
According to the Patterns A,S Scheme, it is possible to
calculate the two monomer reactivity ratios for copolymerization of monomers 1 and 2, if each of them has separately
been copolymerized with acrylonitrile and styrene. (The
two monomer reactivity ratios for copolymerization of
acrylonitrile and styrene are also required. These are taken
to be: rAS = 0.04, r SA = 0.38 (3).)
The TT, w, and v values listed in the table below have been
derived as explained above, with the Patterns U,V Scheme
being used for the monomers in categories 3 - 5 and the
Patterns A,S Scheme for those in category 2. The r\$ values
are mean values from the figures supplied in Greenley's
table, making due allowance for the consistency of the data.
B. EXAMPLE
Suppose one wants to evaluate the monomer reactivity
ratios for the copolymerization of 2-chlorobutadiene (CB)
and 2-vinylpyridine (VP). To use the Patterns U,V Scheme
for this purpose, it is first necessary to consult Greenley's
table of monomer reactivity ratios for data characterizing
the copolymerizations of each of these monomers with as
many members of the Basic Monomer Set as possible. In
fact, in both cases, values exist for reactions with styrene,
methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate and acrylonitrile, but
not methacrylonitrile. The TT values for the four useful basic
monomers are, respectively, 0.000, 0.339, 0.423 and 0.701.
The relevant monomer reactivity ratios are listed in the
table below.
MONOMER REACTIVITY RATIOS FOR 2-CHLOROBUTADIENE
AND 2-VINYLPYRIDINE AND MEMBERS OF THE BASIC
MONOMER SET
Monomer
reactivity
ratio
2-Chlorobutadiene
2-Vinylpyridine
rxs
rXA
rs,x
rA,x
6.91
5.18
0.038
0.05
1.26
0.44
0.53
0.10
r MM ,x
r MA ,x
0.08
0.06
0.35
0.25
X = 2-chlorobutadiene or 2-vinylpyridine.
Plots of [log r 12 log ris] against TT\, where 2 = CB or

VP, are linear with slopes and intercepts that provide the
following u and v values (9). For CB, u = - 2.18, v = 1.44,
and for VP, u = - 0.982 and v = 0.323. All the data are now
available for substitution in Eq. (Al), first for CB =
monomer 1 and VP = monomer 2, and secondly with the
monomers' roles reversed, to obtain values of r\i and rj\.
The results are rn = 4.26 and r2\ =0.04. The Patterns A,S
Scheme can be applied by simply substituting the appropriate monomer reactivity ratio data in Eqs. (A4) and (A5),
giving ri2 = 4.71 and r 2 i = 0 . 0 5 . The corresponding
experimental results are ri2 = 5.19 and 7*21 =0.06, while
the Q = e scheme predicts that ri2 = 1.07 and r2i =0.07.
C
TRANSFERCONSTANTS
Transfer constants can be predicted by exactly parallel

reasoning (3). It is necessary only to realise that whereas
the rate constant for the propagation step of a radical with
its own parent monomer appears in the numerator of a
monomer reactivity ratio (Vi2 = &11A12X where both rate
constants refer to propagation reactions, it figures in the

denominator of a transfer constant because (C 2) 1 =
kn/kn,
where k\2 represents a transfer reaction between
the radical derived from a monomer (species 1) and a
transfer agent (species 2); the equations for calculating
transfer constants are thus easily obtained from the
equations above by replacing log rn by - l o g (C2)1. The
only formal difference between the two cases is that, for
transfer, there is no symmetrical counterpart of the
equations representing reaction of a radical of type 2 with
a transfer agent of type 1. Thus, the equivalent of Eq. (Al),
for transfer is Eq. (A6), and this enables the Patterns U,V
Scheme to be applied to chain transfer.
(A6)
For use of the Patterns A,S Scheme in transfer, a parallel
derivation to that used in copolymerization leads to the
following equation, where (C2) s a n d (C 2) A are, respectively, the (known) transfer constants for reaction of the
same transfer agent (species 2) with radicals derived from
styrene and acrylonitrile (species 1).
(A7)
Since IT A 0.701 and r A s = 0 . 0 4 , this equation can be
reduced to Eq. (A8) for general use.
(A8)
The transfer constants used here are taken from two
tabulations, one due to Eastmond (10) and one in the
Polymer Handbook (11).
D.
TABLES OF PARAMETERS
As explained above, each monomer or transfer agent is

assigned to a category, designated by Basic or the number
2, 3, 4, or 5, according to the number of members of the
Basic Monomer Set with which this reagent has been

reacted to obtain data for the evaluation of w, v and (in the
case of monomers) TT. Although it must be true that the
higher the category, the more reliable the derived
parameters, the difference between Categories 2 and 5 is
not so great as might appear at first sight. In all cases, two
of the basic monomers involved are styrene, S, (the least
polar) and acrylonitrile, A, (the most polar), so the role
played by other basic monomers is merely to add
intermediate points to what should be a straight line joining
the data points for S and A; if the data for these two latter
monomers are accurate, intermediate points add little or no
value beyond confirmation of the slope and intercept. They
do contribute valuable weighting when there are some
discrepancies in the data, but parameters have not been
recorded here in cases where the discrepancies are large.
Where either r\$ or r i A was reported as zero, the value
0.05 has been assigned arbitrarily in order to make it
possible to calculate an approximate value for the TT
parameter but the values of the u and v parameters are not
influenced by this device; entries of this type are printed in
italics in Table 1. Sometimes both r\s and n A are reported
to be zero; when this happens, TT cannot usefully be
estimated but u and v can still be determined, if positive
values of r$\ and r A i are available.
Nomenclature In the tables below, compounds are listed
in alphabetical sequence in accordance with the following
rules:
The primary listing is based on the root name of the
compound and the secondary sequence on the name(s) of
the substituent(s) or the esterifying moiety. For example,
the compounds, p-methyl styrene, N-vinyl carbazole, and
ethyl acrylate, will be found listed under Styrene, p-methyl,
Carbazole, N-vinyl, and Acrylate, ethyl, respectively.
In deciding on the appropriate order of names, all
prefixes (alphanumeric, Greek or whatever) and spaces are
ignored, and reliance is placed solely on the alphabetical
priority of the strictly chemical part of the name. In styrene,
p-methyl, for example, the prefix p- plays no part in
determining the place of this name in the list; this is
governed by the m in methyl.
TABLE 1. MONOMERS
Monomer
Acenaphthalene
Acetylene, phenyl
Acrolein
Acrolein, methyl
Acrylamide
Acrylamide, iV-methylol
Acrylamide, N-octadecyl
Acrylate, benzyl
Acrylate, butyl
Acrylate, oc-chloro-, methyl
Category
rls
r1A
rA1
4
5
2
5
4
3
4
3
3
3
4
3
0.33
0.33
2.56
0.33
0.27
0.60
0.70
0.48
0.54
0.20
0.18
0.12
0.30
1.11
3.10
1.10
2.43
1.40
0.72
0.97
0.87
1.76
0.02
0.27
4.24
0.78
0.15
0.90
0.60
1.03
1.49
1.11
1.03
O.fe
rSi
log(ri S )
3.81
0.32
1.026
0.23
0.26
1.20
0.03
2.08
0.49
0.77
0.53
0.25
-0.4815
-0.4815
0.506
0.159
-0.5686
-0.2219
-0.1549
-0.3188
-0.2676
-0.6990
-0.7447
-0.9208
-0.5229
0.397
0.436
0.237
0.432
0.321
0.376
0.443
0.492
0.457
1.33
-1.88
-2.88
-2.75
-1.73
-1.82
-3.94
-1.56
-2.68
-2.22
-2.38
-1.55
-0.46
0.37
-0.01
0.59
0.77
-0.07
1.18
-0.35
0.28
0.12
0.25
0.64
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer
Category

Acrylate,
3,4-epoxyhexahydrobenzyl
Acrylate, P-ethoxy-, ethyl
Acrylate, ethyl
Acrylate, methyl
Acrylate, octadecyl
Acrylate, octyl
Acrylate, di-zinc
Acrylonitrile
Acryloyl chloride
Allyl acetate
AUyI chloride
Aniline, N,N-divinyl
Benzothiazole, vinylmercaptoButadiene
Butadiene- 1-carboxylate, ethyl
Butadiene-1,4-dicarboxylic
acid
Butadiene, 1,4-dicarboxylate-,
diethyl
Butadiene, 2-chloroButadiene, 2-fluoroButadiene,
2-trimethylsilyloxyCarbazole, TV-vinyl
Cinnamonitrile
Citraconimide, TV-methylCrotonaldehyde
Crotonate, a-carboethoxy-,
ethyl
Crotonate, ethyl
Crotonate, u-methoxy-,
methyl
Crotonate, OL-methyl-,
methyl
Crotonicacid
Diallyl phthalate
Ethylene
Ethylene, tetrachloroEthylene, trichloroEthylene, diphenylFumarate, diethyl
Hexatriene, tetrachloroImidazole, yV-vinyl
Isoprene
Isopropenyl isocyanate
Itaconicacid
Itaconic anhydride
Maleate, diethyl
Maleic anhydride
Maleimide, N-(2-chlorophenyl)Methacrylamide, /V-phenylMethacrylate, benzyl
Methacrylate, butyl
rls
rlA
rAl
rSi
log(ri S )
0.61
1.97
0.68
0.39
0.01
0.25
0.05
0.27
-0.2147
0.2945
0.180
-0.110
-1.09
-1.95
1.20
0.57
0.17
0.18
0.26
0.125
0.12
1.28
0.90
0.04
0.02
0.87
0.85
1.20
0.84
1.76
6.70
0.24
1.00
1.00
-0.7696
-0.7447
-0.5850
-2.0000
-0.9208
0.1072
-0.0458
-1.3980
-1.6990
0.436
0.421
0.417
0.482
0.610
0.438
-0.060
0.701
0.815
0.04
0.033
0.42
1.40
5.55
0.3
0.52
0.04
0.05
0.18
0.29
7.5
3.2
4.00
2.42
0.80
1.42
3.15
1.98
0.67
0.08
0.41
1.00
1.20
6.57
2.80
0.246
0.19
0.06
0.12
0.3
0.20
-1.3980
-1.482
-0.3768
0.1461
0.7443
-0.5229
-0.2840
0.162
0.231
0.020
-0.100
0.213
0.559
0.502
-0.16
-1.99
-2.34
-3.01
-3.01
-2.39
-2.13
-1.39
-2.60
-3.50
-0.37
-0.39
-0.08
-0.38
-0.30
-2.00
-2.57
-2.18
-1.67
0.08
0.16
0.24
0.41
0.44
1.20
-0.04
0.42
1.09
-1.97
-1.53
-0.73
-0.38
0.41
0.94
0.92
0.82
0.55
2.79
0.29
0.09
-0.2596
0.433
-2.73
1.05
4
3
2
6.91
1.67
1.20
5.18
0.60
0.07
0.05
0.077
0.036
0.038
0.22
0.64
0.113
-0.0095
-0.324
-2.18
-1.32
-0.21
1.44
0.51
0.19
0.05
0.24
0.07
0.36
0.60
0.01
-0.25
-2.74
-2.77
-2.33
-2.72
-2.51
-0.58
-0.41
0.59
-1.17
-0.43
-0.92
0.02
0.06
0.04
-0.71
0.59
-1.43
-1.26
5
2
2
3
B
3
2
3
5
2
B
4
3
3
2
3
5
2
2
2
4
2
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
4
3
3
4
5
3
5
4
3
4
3
2
3
2
3
4
3
3
3
3
4
4
46.98
0.81
0.75
0.61
0.39
0.35
0.06
1.10
0.38
0.10
90
36
5.38
2.6
0.57
0.115
0.12
0.15
0.39
8.46
0.53
25
8.68
18.7
5.82
2.55
0.145
14.7
2.7
8.24
0.05
9.53
11.4
25.2
1.00
5.13
0.26
27
18.4
0.02
0.05
2.97
30.7
0.076
0.05
0.0385
0.05
0.06
0.055
0.85
0.68
1.84
0.096
0.48
0.12
0.55
0.04
0.011
0.021
0.88
0.47
0.41
0.53
0.42
0.05
0.20
4.01
0.832
0.45
0.1
0.95
0.86
4.83
0.05
0.05
1.078
0.71
0.96
2.38
0.98
1.05
21
3.5
7
463
64.5
0.05
9
16
0.234
3.39
0.03
0.24
0.33
0.59
0.034
16
6
0.956
0.381
0.2
0.31
0.291
0.217
20
23.5
14.88
195
14.6
0.335
0.33
0.4
0.123
8.38
0.458
7.48
0.38
0.26
0.031
7.03
0.36
0.0245
1.24
0.52
0.32
0.6
0.54
0.8395
0.2227
0.0792
-1.3010
-0.6198
-1.1549
0.491
0.315
-0.164
-1.6990
0.345
-1.3980
0.199
-2.38
-4.35
-1.96
-0.19
-1.699
0.315
-0.55
-1.49
-1.301
-1.12
-1.301
0.048
0.162
-2.03
-0.77
-1.57
- 2.60
-2.87
- 0.74
-4.05
-4.31
-2.39
-1.44
-0.32
0.14
-1.91
-2.50
-2.06
-2.51
-5.20
-4.23
-1.26
-1.40
-1.97
-1.49
-1.43
-1.30
-1.35
-1.23
- 2.36
-1.20
0.23
0.56
0.17
0.86
-0.92
0.34
-0.87
0.42
0.54
1.51
-0.83
1.22
1.32
-0.08
0.26
0.47
0.26
0.27
-1.222
-1.26
-0.0706
-0.1675
0.2648
-1.0177
-0.3188
-0.9208
-0.2596
-1.398
-1.959
-1.688
-0.0555
-0.3279
-0.3872
-0.2757
-0.3768
0.131
0.377
0.421
0.195
-0.074
0.170
0.276
0.491
0.526
0.199
0.416
0.826
0.126
0.281
0.455
0.267
0.315
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer
Methacrylate,
3,5-dimethyladamantyl
Methacrylate,
2,2,6,6-tetramethyl4-piperidinylMethacrylate, phenyl
Methacrylic acid
Methacrylonitrile
Methacryloylacetone
Naphthalene, 1-vinylOct-l-ene,6,6-dimethyl4,8-dioxaspiro(2,5)Oxazoline, 2,2-isopropenylOxazoline, 2,2-isopropenyl4,4-dimethylPentadienoate, rra^-4-ethoxy2,4-,ethyl
Phthalimide, N-vinylPropene, 3,3,3-trichloroPyridazinone,
3-(2-vinyl)-6-methylPyridazinone,
3-(2-vinyl)-6-methyl4,5-dihydroPyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylPyridine, 2-vinylPyridine, 2-vinyl-5-ethylPyridine, 4-vinylSilane, 3-methacryloxypropyl,
trimethoxyStyrene
Styrene,/7-acetoxyStyrene, 3-tri-rc-butylstannylStyrene, 2,5-dichloroStyrene, p-chloromethylStyrene,
p-1 -(2-hydroxypropyl)Styrene, a-methoxy
Styrene, a-methyl
Styrene, p-methyl
Succinimide, N-vinyl
Tetrazole, 1-vinylTetrazole, 5-phenyl-2(4 '-vinyl)-phenylToluenesulfonamide,
N,N-methyl-vinylTriallyl citrate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl benzoate
Vinylbenzoic acid, pVinyl benzyl methyl carbinol
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl butyl sulfide
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloroacetate
Category
rls
r1A
rA1
3
2
3
3
B
3
0.3
0.01
0.5
0.64
0.46
0.63
1.30
0.82
1.32
1
1.32
1.30
0.30
3
4
B
2
3
2
2
0.51
0.524
0.33
1.66
0.7
2.02
0.271
4
4
0.64
0.68
12.2
rSi
log(ri S )
0.14
0.15
0.14
0.2
0.138
0.19
0.37
3.6
0.415
0.48
0.5
0.89
-0.5229
-2
-0.301
-0.1938
-0.3372
-0.2007
0.406
0.898
0.325
0.238
0.339
0.283
-1.39
-0.03
-1.32
-1.45
-1.18
-1.04
0.42
-0.56
0.34
0.34
0.23
0.10
0.02
0.63
-0.5229
0.806
0.14
0.20
0.46
0.2
1.67
3.74
1.10
0.451
1.484
0.36
0.04
0.43
0.01
0.09
0.107
0.985
0.25
0.24
0.38
0.067
0.09
0.699
1.93
-0.2924
-0.2807
-0.4815
0.2202
-0.1549
0.3054
-0.567
0.146
0.002
0.432
0.297
0.237
-0.089
0.446
-2.22
-0.95
-2.08
-0.82
-1.98
-0.83
-1.58
0.62
0.39
0.44
1.17
0.88
0.16
-0.29
0.52
1.83
0.13
0.24
0.67
0.55
-0.1938
-0.1675
0.127
0.327
-0.95
-1.51
0.19
0.31
5.40
0.01
0.04
1.0864
0.025
-1.14
1.40
14
2
2
3
0.07
0.05
0.85
0.24
0.10
0.19
0.43
12.2
0.32
6.27
6.9
0.90
-1.155
-1.301
-0.0706
0.367
0.277
-0.089
-0.33
-2.35
-1.36
-0.80
-0.84
0.09
0.13
0.02
0.74
5.92
-0.8861
-0.151
-0.73
-0.57
4
4
4
4
2
0.85
1.26
1.09
0.69
0.868
0.31
0.44
0.43
0.375
3.79
0.16
0.10
0.04
0.10
0.094
0.70
0.53
0.74
0.52
0.425
-0.0706
0.1004
0.03743
-0.1612
-0.0615
-0.007
-0.014
0.006
0.06
0.408
-1.04
-0.98
-0.20
-0.94
-1.06
0.28
0.32
0.12
0.30
0.37
B
2
2
4
2
3
1.00
1.26
0.03
0.40
1.12
0.91
0.38
0.40
0.001
0.08
0.56
0.53
0.04
0.07
4.88
0.24
0.067
0.10
1.00
0.86
18.5
0.236
0.62
0.97
0
0.1004
-1.5229
-0.3979
0.0492
-0.041
0
-0.030
-0.407
-0.107
0.046
0.071
0.00
-0.44
-1.17
-1.98
-0.62
-0.60
0.00
0.07
-1.27
0.67
0.21
0.16
5
3
4
4
2
2
0.07
0.60
0.993
0.033
0.184
2.2
0.05
0.143
0.33
0.516
0.314
1.4
0.06
0.047
0.05
0.116
0.54
0.32
2.51
1.1
0.891
7.71
3.85
0.48
-1.1549
-0.2219
-0.0031
-1.4815
-0.7352
0.3424
0.105
-0.077
-0.021
0.623
0.251
0.088
0.41
-0.04
-0.20
0.75
-0.78
-1.75
-0.49
-0.03
0.08
-1.02
-0.59
0.32
0.05
0.04
0.42
5.6
-1.301
-0.40
-0.66
2
5
3
3
3
3
3
2
4
2
4
2
2
0.076
0.02
0.06
1.03
0.94
0.054
0.32
0.05
0.05
0.158
0.055
0.03
0.28
0.05
0.05
0.019
1.63
0.54
0.06
0.40
0.041
0.027
0.05
0.045
0.09
0.04
1.76
4.78
5.03
0.06
0.11
2.52
0.49
0.086
0.074
0.09
3.29
0.34
3.85
-0.49
-0.44
-0.86
-1.03
-0.66
-0.82
0.41
0.14
0.18
0.41
-0.90
1.04
-0.98
-1.30
-1.56
-1.45
0.50
0.18
-1.27
-1.41
-0.43
-0.36
-0.64
-1.16
-1.65
-1.30
20
48
31.56
0.282
0.98
16.6
24.5
2.69
2.38
4.36
18.7
45
20
-1.12
-1.699
-1.222
0.0124
-0.027
-1.268
-0.495
-1.3.01
-1301
-0.8013
-1.26
-1.523
-0.553
0.126
0.092
0.315
-0.031
0.238
0.069
0.179
0.200
0.128
0.059
-0.029
0.128
0.345
-0.162
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer
Category

Vinyl cymantrene
Vinyl dodecyl ether
Vinylene carbonate
Vinyl ethyl ether
Vinyl ethyl oxalate
Vinyl ethyl sulfide
Vinylferrocene
Vinyl hendecanoate
Vinylidene chloride
Vinyl isocyanate
Vinyl methyl ketone
Vinyl phenyl ether
Vinyl stearate
Vinyl-tris(trimethoxysiloxy)
silane
ri S
r1A
rA1
rSi
0.07
0.507
0.096
0.05
0.88
0.05
1.09
0.064
0.446
0.82
14.9
0.69
1.34
0.075
1.63
0.173
1.88
0.64
0.19
0.36
0.61
2.50
0.11
4.64
6.59
3.90
160
0.127
2.32
41.5
70
100
5.62
5.38
7.82
3.57
24.89
1.79
8.13
0.725
0.29
1.70
3.8
15.96
20.86
25
-0.740
-1.000
-0.7696
-1.301
-0.9686
-1.097
-0.3615
-0.495
-2.000
-0.854
-1.301
-1.301
-2.301
4.08
10.32
-1.301
4
3
2
2
3
4
3
3
3
3
3
5
3
3
2
3
3
3
2
3
0.05
0.05
0.08
0.06
0.182
0.10
0.17
0.05
0.1075
0.08
0.435
0.32
0.01
0.14
0.05
0.05
0.005
0.055
0.05
0.158
0.09
0.32
0.16
1.40
1.57
0.23
0.03
0.078
0.41
0.075
0.05
0.10
log(riS)
-1.155
-0.295
-1.018
0.105
0.255
0.053
-0.038
0.046
0.149
0.260
0.346
0.277
0.357
0.427
0.685
-0.090
0.236
0.513
0.616
1.18
-1.58
-0.97
0.44
-1.03
1.11
-1.11
0.66
-1.02
-0.12
-0.34
-1.34
0.29
-1.56
-2.46
-2.23
0.20
-1.19
-1.28
-0.84
-2.CX
0.9'
-0.3
-1.6:
-1.9:
-2.Ol
-0.7
-0.7'
-0.9'
-0.51
-1.3.
-0.2<
-0.91
0.1!
0.5<
-0.31
-0.5!
-LL
-1.3:
-1.4
0.29
-1.301
0.252
0.192
0.277
-1.41
-1.1:
TABLE 2. TRANSFER AGENT

Transfer agent
Acetaldehyde
Acetamide, N,N-dimethylAcetic acid
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Allyl chloride
Aluminium, hydrodiisobutyl
Aluminium, triethyl
Aluminium, triisobutyl
Aniline
Aniline, WV-dimethylAnthracene
Benzene
Benzene, bromoBenzene, tert-butylBenzene, chloroBenzene, ethyl/7-Benzoquinone
Borane, tributyl
Butanone
Butyl alcohol
sec-Butyl alcohol
tert-Butyl alcohol
Butyl mercaptan
Butyric acid, 4-hydroxy-y-lactone
Cadmium, dibutyl
Carbonic acid, cyclic ethylene ester
Carbon tetrabromide,
Carbon tetrachloride,
Chloroform
Copper(II) chloride
Cumene
Cyclohexane
Category
3
2
3
4
2
2
3
4
2
4
4
3
4
3
3
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
2
2
2
3
5
3
3
Cs
0.00085
0.00046
0.000222
0.000032
0.000044
0.00151
27.5
12.5
28.5
0.0020
0.0053
2
0.000003
0.000178
0.000005
0.000041
0.00007
227
0.00348
0.0005
0.00016
0.000056
0.00003
21.99
0.00004
0.117
0.000024
See methane, tetrabromoSee methane, tetrachloro0.00005
10300
0.00009
0.000005
CA
0.0047
0.0005
0.000081
0.000113
0.0002
0.000595
0.394
0.059
28
0.0050
0.0547
1.8
0.000246
0.000136
0.000193
0.000079
0.003573
1.3
0.647
0.000643
0.001542
0.009755
0.000044
0.409
0.00007
5.5
0.000013
-0.93
-1.94
-2.61
-1.28
-1.06
-2.57
-4.60
-5.46
-2.01
-1.43
-0.55
-2.29
0.80
-2.07
0.26
-1.49
0.49
-5.19
1.29
-1.82
-0.57
1.23
-1.75
-4.42
-1.66
0.39
- 2.36
-3.12
-3.34
-3.80
-4.59
-4.36
-2.82
1.21
0.79
1.45
-2.70
-2.20
-0.01
-5.65
-4.73
- 5.20
-4.51
-4.28
2.29
-2.95
-3.55
-4.05
-4.62
-4.62
1.23
-4.39
-0.93
- 4.63
0.000577
67.19
0.004141
0.000206
-0.49
-4.61
0.38
0.25
-4.17
4.33
-4.07
-4.63
TABLE 2. cont'd
Transfer agent
Dimethyl sulfoxide
Diphenylamine-T
Ethane, 1,2-dichloroEthane, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroEther, dodecyl vinyl
Ethyl acetate
Formamide, WV-dimethyloc-D-Glucoside,
methyl, 6-deoxy-6-mercaptooc-D-Glucoside,
methyl-, di-O-benzyla-D-Glucoside, methyl-,
2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyla-D-Glucoside, methyl-,
6-(p-toluene sulfonyl)a-D-Glucoside, methyl-,
6-O-triphenylmethylP-D-Glucoside, methyl-,
6-deoxy-6-dipropylaminoGlycerol
Heptanol, dodecafluoroIndium, triethyl
Iron(III) chloride
Isobutyl alcohol
Isobutyronitrile
Lead, tetraethyl
Mercury, diethyl
Methane, dichloroMethane, tetrabromoMethane, tetrachloroMethane, nitroMethanol
Octadiene, 2,6-dimethylOxime, acroleinOxime, crotonaldehydeOxime, ethyl isopropenyl ketoneOxime, methacroleinOxime, methylacroleinOxime, methyl isopropenyl ketoneOxime, methyl vinyl ketonePentanol, octafluoroSilane, tetraethyl
Stibine, tributyl
Tin, tetrabutyl
Toluene
Triethylamine
Tripropylamine
Zinc, diethyl
E.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Category
Cs
CA
3
3
3
3
2
3
2
2
0.00005
0.00009
0.0002
0.00108
0.000372
0.00155
0.0001
5.5
0.000029
0.07
0.000147
0.000311
0.000495
0.000254
0.000278
0.13
-2.32
2.18
-2.17
-2.73
-1.82
-3.07
-1.36
-4.31
-4.44
-4.57
-3.82
-3.39
-3.43
-3.28
-4.00
0.74
0.0062
0.009
-1.76
-2.21
0.0002
0.003
-0.32
-3.70
0.0002
0.001
-1.00
-3.70
0.0021
0.008
-1.17
-2.68
0.0022
0.11
0.43
-2.66
2
3
3
3
3
2
2
3
2
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
3
3
5
4
4
2
0.002864
0.001333
1.76
536
0.00005
0.00027
0.000124
0.000034
0.000015
2.2
0.01
0.001
0.000074
0.0002
1.08
0.15
0.43
1.3
0.04
0.11
0.27
0.001136
0.000812
0.0058
0.000371
0.000012
0.00071
0.00242
0.366
-2.12
-3.20
-3.25
-5.44
0.41
-1.95
1.28
1.35
-0.13
- 4.04
-4.85
-2.30
-2.23
1.37
0.53
-0.35
-1.45
-0.77
1.03
-0.30
-1.06
-3.10
-1.30
2.78
-0.06
0.26
1.85
1.32
-1.08
-2.54
-2.85
-0.08
2.43
-4.54
-3.57
-3.91
-4.60
-4.82
0.37
-2.09
-3.09
-4.18
-3.79
-0.02
-1.06
-0.37
0.13
-1.25
-0.90
-0.67
-2.93
-3.02
-3.27
-3.69
-4.84
-3.04
-2.89
-0.44
0.00235
0.00019
0.222
3.33
0.002406
0.00029
0.0243
0.00722
0.000306
0.085
0.000099
0.0006
0.00005
0.045
62.6
2.05
1.03
9.41
5.35
1.71
1.20
0.00019
0.0021
11.1
0.00808
0.00032
0.304
0.428
1.6
REFERENCES
R. Z. Greenley, "Polymer Handbook", this volume, p. 181.

R. Z. Greenley, "Polymer Handbook", this volume, p. 309.
A. D. Jenkins, J. Polymer ScL, 34, 3495 (1996).
C. H. Bamford, A. D. Jenkins, R. Johnston, Transactions.
Farad. Soc, 55, 418 (1959).
5. C. H. Bamford, A. D. Jenkins, J. Polymer ScL, 53,149 (1961).
6. C. H. Bamford, A. D. Jenkins, Transactions. Farad. Soc, 58,
530 (1962).
7. A. D. Jenkins, Eur. Polymer J., 1, 177 (1965).

8. A. D. Jenkins, Macromol. Chem. Phys. Rapid Commun., 17,
275 (1996).
9. A. D. Jenkins, J. Jenkins, Macromol. Chem. Phys., Macromol.
Symp., I l l , 159 (1996).
10. G. C. Eastmond, Comprehensive Chemical Kinetics,
(C. H. Bamford, C. F. H. Tipper (Eds.)), 14A, 105 (1976).
11. A. Ueda, S. Nagai, "Polymer Handbook", this volume, p. 97.
C o p o l y m e r i z a t i o n
M e t a l l o c e n e - C a t a l y z e d
P a r a m e t e r s
o f
C o p o l y m e r i z a t i o n s
G e r h a r d F i n k , W o l f JCirgen R i c h t e r
Max-Planck-lnstitut fur Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45466 Mulheim an der Ruhr, FR Germany
A. Introduction
11-329
B. A Brief Theoretical Outline of Copolymerization
Reactions
11-329
1. First-Order Markov Model
II-330
2. Second-Order Markov Model
II-330
C. Calculation of the Copolymerization
Parameters
11-331
11-331
1.1. Copolymerization Parameters Deduced
from the Mayo-Lewis Equation
11-331
1.2. Determination of Copolymerization
from the Sequence Distribution
(Triad Distribution) Parameters
11-331
M-332
3. Example
M-332
D. Table of Copolymerization Parameters
II-333
E. List of Catalysts/Cocatalysts Used
II-336
F. References
II-336
A.
the copolymerization behavior, and, in particular, determination of copolymerization parameters requires correct
modeling, i.e. adequate Markov-statistics.
B. A BRIEF THEORETICAL OUTLINE OF
COPOLYMERIZATION REACTIONS
Various mathematical models have been applied to

copolymerization reactions induced by Ziegler-catalysts.
Wall (1) assumed the velocity of the monomer addition Mi
and M 2 to be independent of the previously integrated
monomeric unit (zero-order Markov model):
R = Polymer chain
This scheme gives rise to the following equation for a
copolymerization reaction:
INTRODUCTION
In contrast to radical and ionic polymerization reactions in

which the incoming monomer always adds to the end of the
growing chain
Mayo and Lewis (2) extended this model by including the

influence of the last built-in monomer into the chain during
the subsequent step (first-order Markov model):
the most distinct feature of Ziegler-Natta-catalysis is the

attachment of a monomer molecule to a highly structured
catalyst complex (which may be homogeneously solvated
or heterogeneously fixed to a surface) and its insertion
between the catalyst complex and the growing chain:
Since the structural features of the catalyst - in

particular the steric bulk of ligands, the bite angle of
metallocenes, the configuration and conformation on the
one hand, and the increasing space-filling demand of the
growing chain and of the various monomers on the other do influence the addition of the monomers, elucidation of
This results in the so-called Mayo-Lewis equation,
with ri = k\\/k\2 and r 2 = 22/^21 Taking the effect of
the last two built-in monomers into account, Merz, et al (3)

developed a second-order Markov model. This 'penultimate
model' necessarily results in a more complex kinetic
scheme:
with P n + P 1 2 = 1 and P 21 + P22 = 1

The proportion of the Mi and M 2 units (1Pi or 1 P 2 ) in
the copolymer is also determined by reactivity probabilities:
With m = km/km, r2\ = 211/^212, ^22 = &222A221 and
7*12 = k \22/k 121, the following copolymerization equation is
obtained:
with x= [Mi]/[M2].
Expanding this model even further to the influence of the
last three monomeric units, Ham (4) proposed a third-order
Markov model. However, due to the many parameters
involved, it has been of little practical use.
Thus, most authors restrict themselves to first- or secondorder Markov models when dealing with Ziegler-Nattacatalysis for copolymerization, and this is elaborated
below.
1
1
giving
Pi - P 2 i/(Pi 2 +P21)
and
P2 = Pi2/
(Pn+Pn).
All the potential sequence distributions can thus be
calculated. Consider, for example, the triad distributions:
The Mayo-Lewis equation describes the composition of a

copolymer as a function of the composition of the monomer
mixture and their respective copolymerization parameters.
These parameters not only determine the composition of the
resulting copolymer, but also its microstructure, e.g. the
distribution of the sequence length.
A knowledge of the ratio of the starting monomers and
their copolymerization parameters enables the sequence
length distribution to be calculated. The reactivity probabilities Ptj are defined (5,6) that give the probability of the
monomer j adding to the polymer chain with the terminating monomer /:
The triad distribution allows the calculation of the true

copolymerization parameters. For a given polymer, the triad
distribution is deduced from experimental 13C-NMR
spectra (7) (see below).
The kinetic scheme for this model gives rise to eight

reaction probabilities Pijk that result from the probability of
the monomer k adding to the polymer chain with the
terminating monomers ij. The reactivity probability P m is
given for instance as
with P1n +Pm = 1, Pm + Piii = 1, ^122+^121 = 1,

^211+^212 = 1.
The triad distribution is calculated in a manner
analogous to the first-order Markov model:
7.7. Copolymerization Parameters Deduced from the

Mayo-Lewis Equation The Mayo-Lewis equation calculates the composition of the copolymer formed as a
function of the ratio of the monomer concentration at a
given time. At arbitrary intervals these values are generally
inaccessible; thus a sufficiently small interval (a small
percent of the total conversion) is taken and the relative
change of the monomer concentration d[M 2]/d[Mi] is
assumed to be the composition of the copolymer
([mi], [1112]) itself according to
Pij is the frequency of the diad //, and is calculated as

follows:
It is advisable to keep the monomer ratio [M2]/[Mi]

constant during polymerization by constantly feeding
both monomers, or at least the most reactive monomer.
To determine the copolymerization parameters the experiments are run with varying ratios of the starting monomers,
and their compositions are subsequently measured. The
data obtained can be analyzed by linear or nonlinear
methods.
Linear Methods: Mayo and Lewis (2), Fineman and Ross
(8), Kelen and Tudos (9)
Nonlinear Methods: Behnken (10), Tidwell and Mortimer
(11), Braunet al. (12)
Independent of the analytical methods the copolymerization parameters derived from the Mayo-Lewis equation
have some major drawbacks, but do enable a part of the
information contained in each copolymerization experiment
to be extracted, namely the integral composition of the
copolymer. A series of experiments is necessary to obtain
the copolymerization parameters. Furthermore, using this
approach it cannot be decided whether the application of
the first-order Markov model is valid or not. One may even
obtain a nearly perfect Fineman-Ross plot, where other
methods show that a first-order Markov model cannot be
applied.
It results in
and
7.2. Determination of Copolymerization Parameters

from the Sequence Distribution (Triad Distribution)
Once the copolymerization parameters of a catalyst system

with a given ratio of monomers are known, the composition
of the copolymer and all its sequence distributions result,
e.g., the complete microstructure of the copolymer is
revealed. These parameters characterize any catalyst system
and enable different systems to be compared. The major
practical problem is the choice of the adequate statistical
model.
As mentioned above, a knowledge of the copolymerization

parameters enables all the sequence distributions to be
calculated. Or inversely, experimentally determined
sequence distributions yield the copolymerization parameters. In the simplest case, intensities of appropriate
single sequences can be compared. The results are even
more reliable, if the determination of the copolymerization
parameters is based on the maximal accessible information
on the microstructure of the copolymer. To derive the rparameters from the overall triad distribution is the safest
way (13). This may be done by calculating a triad
distribution based on a first-order Markov model and
optimizing by variation of the reaction probabilities Ptj
until the best fit between calculated and experimental data
The
diad
frequency
C. CALCULATION OF THE COPOLYMERIZATION

PARAMETERS
is reached. Based on the optimized reaction probabilities

the copolymerization parameters r\ and r2 are calculated
according to the following equations:
This, procedure for determining the copolymerization

parameters is superior to the Mayo-Lewis approach. While
the latter requires several experiments, using the above
approach, all the information can be obtained from one
experiment.
To determine the copolymerization parameters from the
triad distribution, six variables are available, five of which
are independent. The system is over-determined and thus
allows critical evaluation.
Randall (7) found a way to avoid this problem by

creating a "collective assignment method". Here the
complete triad distribution results from combining the
experimental spectral information with the relation between
different n-ades. In the first step the 13C-NMR spectrum of
an ethene/oc-olefin copolymer is split into several spectral
areas given by signal overlap. The 13C-NMR spectra of
ethene/propene copolymers, for example, are divided into
eight appropriate spectral areas A to H, as shown in Fig. 1.
The integrals Tx of different spectral areas are expressed by
the number of contributing triads ending up in the complete
triad distribution by appropriately combining several
TVdata. Randall exemplified this method in detail for
ethene/propene-, ethene/1-butene-, and ethene/1-hexenecopolymerizations (7).
The resulting triad distribution allows the composition of
the copolymer

The second-order Markov model gives four copolymerization parameters, which are gained from the sequence
distribution (full triad distribution) with a high degree of
reliability. The calculated triad distribution from the
second-order Markov model is optimized by varying the
reaction probabilities P^ until the best fit is reached. The
four copolymerization parameters are calculated from
reaction probabilities P^ as follows (13-15):
and the average sequence length:
to be calculated.
3. Example
The second-order Markov model results in four copolymerization parameters from six variables based on triad
distribution. A higher degree of determination clearly is
desirable to justify this copolymerization model. However,
the complete distribution is not obtained from 13C-NMR
spectra of ethene/oc-olefin copolymers. The full triad
distribution does not exhaust the full information of the
spectra, since some peaks exhibit tetrad or even pentad
sensitivity. Cheng (16,17) suggested that all recorded peaks
of a 13C-NMR spectrum should be included to calculate the
copolymerization parameters. Arbitrarily chosen reaction
probabilities give rise to a polymer chain built at random,
and its 13C-NMR spectrum is calculated. This spectrum is
superimposed on the experimental one and optimized by
varying the starting values, until the minimal difference is
reached. Since the 13C-NMR spectra of ethene/oc-olefin
copolymers display many overlapping peaks, the quality of
the spectra simulation very much influences the success of
this method.
To demonstrate which model describes the experimental

results best, the following table from a recent publication by
Fink is reproduced (15). It is based on ethene/1-octene
copolymerization experiments using a homogeneous metallocene/MAO catalyst.
area C
area B
area D
area F
area H
area
E
area G
area A
ppm
Figure 1. 13C-NMR spectrum of an ethene/propene copolymer.
COMPARISON BETWEEN THE EXPERIMENTAL MEASURED TRIAD DISTRIBUTION AND THE CALCULATED TRIAD
DISTRIBUTION ACCORDING TO THE FIRST- (M1) AND THE SECOND-ORDER (M2) MARKOVIAN-STATISTIC OF
THE ETHYLENE (E)/1 -OCTADECENE (O) COPOLYMERIZATION0
[O]/[E]
in solution
0.28
1.39
1.41
2.84
7.14
14.18
Model
EEE
EEO+ OEE
OEO
OOO
EOO + OOE
EOE
Exp.
Ml
M2
Exp.
Ml
M2
Exp.
Ml
M2
Exp.
Ml
M2
Exp.
Ml
M2
Exp.
Ml
M2
0.976
0.980
0.976
0.878
0.878
0.878
0.883
0.883
0.882
0.795
0.798
0.795
0.878
0.738
0.731
0.718
0.733
0.718
0.014
0.004
0.014
0.077
0.078
0.078
0.074
0.074
0.072
0.118
0.124
0.117
0.143
0.158
0.143
0.112
0.153
0.111
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.004
0.002
0.003
0.005
0.002
0.003
0.011
0.005
0.010
0.020
0.008
0.019
0.046
0.008
0.045
0.000
0.011
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.006
0.000
0.006
0.011
0.001
0.011
0.010
0.005
0.010
0.001
0.004
0.001
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.005
0.006
0.006
0.008
0.010
0.008
0.011
0.014
0.011
0.030
0.035
0.031
0.008
0.000
0.008
0.038
0.038
0.039
0.033
0.035
0.036
0.063
0.062
0.064
0.084
0.080
0.085
0.084
0.066
0.085
Rb ( x 106)
50
0.22
0
0.3
0
6.27
20
0.64
90
0.27
610
0.60
T p = 60 0C, Kat: iPr(CpFlu)ZrCl2 and MAO, [Zr] = 7.56 x l(r 6 mol/l, Al/Zr = 9800.
b
R is the sum of the least squares divided by the number of measured values.
Second-order Markov statistics is only applicable

when there is a sufficiently high comonomer concentration in solution, and enables the formation of a-olefin/
a-olefin dual-blocks. Now the insertion of another
a-olefin unit into this dual-block sequence is preferred
to that into in a single-block. The complete triad distribution is gained by this procedure and it has to be
performed over a wide range of the monomer/comonomer
ratio in solution.
If the experimentally determined triad distribution is

compared with the calculated values based on a first-order
or alternatively on a second-order Markov model (Mi or
M 2 of the table), both models give a reasonable good fit up
to a monomer/comonomer ratio in solution of 1.5. Beyond a
ratio of 3, however, the second-order Markov model proves
to be the better approximation as indicated by the sum of
the error squares divided by the number of experimental
values (R of the table).
D.
TABLE OF COPOLYMERIZATION PARAMETERS
Monomer/
comonomer
r\
r2
Ethene/propene
6.26
6.61
18.6
2.57
2.90
15.7
16.1
20.6
12.43
5.1
1.3
5.60
4.23
25.42
13.75
16.53
19.61
24
0.11
0.06
0.032
0.39
0.28
0.009
0.025
0.074
0.08
0.14
0.2
0.13
0.12
0.18
0.0085
r\\
r2\
r2i
ru
3.4
4.1
2.2
3.9
0.270
0.153
0.153
0.065
Cat./
cocat.
19
28
24
24
2
24
25
1
7
35
29
24
19
24
28
13
12
7
11
4
Remarks
Aa
B^
B
B
B
B
B
r Po i y (0C)
25
25
25
50
36
50
50
50
50
50
120-220
0
25
40
40
40
40
40
40
50
Model
tested
Analytical
method*
Refs.
Ml; M2
Ml; M2
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
C.T.A.
C.T.A.
R-R.
E-R.
R-R.
See Ref. 20
See Ref. 20
See Ref. 20
See Ref. 20
See Ref. 20
R-R.
R-R.
R-R.
See Ref. 24
See Ref. 24
See Ref. 24
See Ref. 24
See Ref. 24
See Ref. 24
R-R.
13
13
18
18
19
20
20
20
20
20
21
22
22
23
23
23
23
23
23
25
*C.T.A. - Complete Triad Analysis (7); D.A. - Diad Analysis (28); R-R. - Pineman-Ross (8); K.-T. - Kelen-Tiidos (9); M.-L. - Mayo-Lewis (2).
Monomer/
comonomer
r\
19.5
50
48
24
250
60
3.9
4.4
5.5
ri
20.2
2.5
42.28
43.35
61.56
99.43
4.71
6.36
8.16
10.6
10.1
7.5
10.1
18.9
19.5
10.7
Remarks
B
B
B
Model
tested
Analytical
method
Refs.
50
50
50
50
50
50
40
60
40
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
E-R.
E-R.
E-R.
E-R.
E-R.
E-R.
see ref. 24
see ref. 24
see ref. 24
25
25
25
25
25
25
26
26
26
Tp0Iy (0C)
2.9
6.8
0.21
0.085
0.041
0.017
19
28
24
24
24
37
37
37
25
25
30
50
70
30
50
70
Ml; M2
Ml; M2
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
C.T.A.
C.T.A.
E-R.
E-R.
E-R.
E-R.
E-R.
E-R.
13
13
27
27
27
27
27
27
3.2
10.3
2.6
6.4
0.150
0.111
0.065
0.022
19
28
25
25
Ml; M2
Ml; M2
C.T.A.
C.T.A.
13
13
0.034
0.024
0.022
26
26
6
6
24
24
12
12
6
6
6
6
19
19
19
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
20
40
60
70
25
40
60
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml; M2
Ml; M2
Ml; M2
E-R.
D. A.
E-R.
D. A.
E-R.
D. A.
E-R.
D. A.
E-R.
E-R.
E-R.
E-R.
C.T.A.
C.T.A.
C.T.A.
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
30
30
30
30
15
15
15
85
85
60
60
60
60
0
20
40
60
40
60
40
40
40
40
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
D.A.
D.A.
E-R.
D.A.
E-R.
D.A.
C.T.A.
C.T.A.
C.T.A.
C.T.A.
see ref. 24
see ref. 24
C.T.A.
C.T.A.
C.T.A.
C.T.A.
31
31
29
29
29
29
32
32
32
32
26
26
33
33
33
33
4.58
6.60
8.85
0.130
0.109
0.098
0.55
0.035
0
0.03
0
0.23
0.18
0.14
0.11
0.03
0.07
0.118
0.014
0.013
0.076
Ethene/
1-octadecene
Cat/
cocat.
3.6
7.9
0.027
0
0.003
0
0.013
0
0.005
0
0.004
0.005
0.005
0.005
Ethene/
1-dodecene
Ethene/styrene
Ethene/2-allylnorbornane
r\i
3
8
6
27
10
9
37
37
24
5.93
7.95
10.08
Ethene/
1-octene
rii
0.05
0.03
0.04
0.17
0.10
0.21
Ethene/
1-hexene
32.67
44.75
62.31
74.60
31.00
36.00
88.00
86.70
55
54
52
79
rn
0.015
0.007
0.015
0.029
0.002
0.12
0.12
0.11
Ethene/
1-butene
19.4
23.6
29.2
5.4
6.6
6.8
/*n
6
5
26
26
6
6
32
32
32
32
24
24
32
28
30
31
7.2
12.0
5.0
5.7
11.2
14.7
38.45
6.3
8.4
18.58
B
B
2.9
0.3
0.057
0.036
19
28
28
28
Ml; M2
Ml; M2
C.T.A.
C.T.A.
34
34
1.6
0.4
0.085
0.044
0.035
0.041
28
28
60
40
Ml; M2
Ml; M2
Ml; M2
Ml
C.T.A.
C.T.A.
C.T.A.
E-R.
34
34
15
35,46
35
35
Ml
Ml
E-R.
K.-T.
36
36
23.4
0.015
19
28
19
5
43.7
42.6
0.038
0.027
6
6
Monomer/
comonomer
Ethene/
cyclopentene
Ethene/
norbornene
ri\
rii
Model
tested
Analytical
method
-10
0
10
20
0
25
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
R-R.
R-R.
R-R.
R-R.
R-R.
R-R.
39
39
39
39
40
40
28
34
19
23
23
25
25
25
25
6
24
28
19
23
23
22
30
30
30
30
0
-25
0
25
50
25
25
30
30
0
30
30
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
R-R.
R-R.
R-R.
R-R.
R-R.
R-R.
R-R.
R-R.
R-R.
R-R.
R-R.
R-R.
R-R.
R-R.
R-R.
R-R.
37
37
37
37
37
38
38
38
38
38
38
40
40
40
40
40
15
16
17
14
19
20
21
22
33
5
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
K.-T.
K.-T.
K.-T.
K.-T.
K.-T.
C.T.A.
C.T.A.
C.T.A.
C.T.A.
C.T.A.
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
28
19
30
30
Ml
Ml
M.-L.
M.-L.
43
43
23
18
38
50
50
50
Ml
Ml
Ml
R-R.
R-R.
R-R.
40,42
40,42
40,42
28
19
30
30
Ml
Ml
M.-L.
M.-L.
43
43
23
28
30
31
32
50
40
40
40
40
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
Ml
R-R.
D.A.
D.A.
D.A.
D.A.
40
44
44
44
44
28
60
Ml
K.-T.
45
ri
80
120
250
300
1.9
2.2
<0.05
<0.02
<0.02
<0.07
<1
<1
24
24
24
24
25
25
n.d.c
n.d.
n.d.
n.d.
n.d.
n.d.
n.d.
n.d.
n.d.
n.d.
n.d.
<2
0.06
0.05
0.05
0
2.66
3.44
2.93
2.61
1.85
1.5
1.9
2.2
3.2
20
6.6
2.6
3.4
2.0
3.0
3.1
ru
Cat./
/*i2 cocat.
r\
Remarks
TV0Iy (0C)
Refs.
Ethene/norbornene
0.88
1.14
1.1
0.83
1.3
0.05
0.1
0.026
0.29
0.03
1.2
2.2
2.2
5.2
2.2
Ethene/5-phenyl-2-norbornene
7.8
0.1
7.0
0.05
Ethene/dimethanooctahydronaphthalene
7.8
0.1
7.0
0.05
7.1
0.04
Ethene/phenyldimethanooctahydronaphthalene
11.5
0.05
7.1
0.03
Ethene/trimethanododecahydroanthracene
15.6
0.06
Propene/1-octene
3.3
0.39
3.6
0.32
2.6
0.37
2.4
0.48
Propene/cyclopentene
40
0.001
3.6
2.7
8.9
18.2
54
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Cd
C
C
C
C
High pressure copolymerization (100-150 MPa).

fc
[Monomer]/[Comonomer] ratio varied. The cited r-values hold only for a selected ratio of [Ethene]/[Propene].
c
Not determined.
d
Alternating copolymerization, hence, rn = r 22 = 0.
E. LIST OF CATALYSTS/COCATALYSTS USED

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
[Cp] 2 TiCl 2
[Cp] 2 TiMe 2
[Cp] 2TiPh 2
[Cp] 2 Ti = CH 2
Me 2 Si[Me 4 CpNt-Bu]TiCl 2
[Cp] 2 ZrCl 2
[Cp] 2 ZrCl 2
([Cp] 2 ZrCl 2 )O
[MeCp] 2 ZrCl 2
[C 5 Me 4 J 2 ZrCl 2
[n-Bu-Cp] 2 ZrCl 2
[lnd] 2 ZrCl 2
[lnd] 2 ZrBenzyl 2
MeCH[Cp] 2 ZrCl 2
Me 2 C[Cplnd]ZrCl 2
Me 2 C[MeCpIiId]ZrCl 2
Me 2 C[3-t-BuCplnd]ZrCl 2
Ph 2 C[Cplnd]ZrCl 2
Me 2 C[CpFIu]ZrCl 2
Me 2 C[3-MeCpFlu]ZrCl 2
Me 2 C[3-PropCpFlu]ZrCl 2
Me 2 C[3-t-BuCpFlu]ZrCl 2
Ph 2 C[CpFIu]ZrCl 2
C 2 H 4 [IiId] 2 ZrCl 2
C 2 H 4 [lndH4] 2 ZrCl 2
Me 2 Si[Cp] 2 ZrCl 2
Me 2 Si[Cp] 2 ZrCl 2
Me 2 Si[lnd] 2 ZrCl 2
Modified silylbridged [lndH4] 2 ZrCl 2
Me 2 Si[2-Melnd] 2 ZrCl 2
Me 2 Si[Benz(e)lnd] 2 ZrCl 2
Me 2 Si[2-MeBenz(e)lnd] 2 ZrCl 2
Me 2 Si[3-t-BuCpFlu]ZrCl 2
Ph 2 Si[IiId] 2 ZrCl 2
[Cp] 2 HfCl 2
Me 2 C[CpFIu]HfCl 2
C 2 H 4 [IiId] 2 HfCl 2
Ph 2 C[CpFIu]HfCl 2
MAO
AlMe 3
MAO: AlMe 3
AlMe 2 Cl
MAO
MAO
MAO: AlMe 3
MAO: AlMe 3
MAO: AlMe 3
MAO: AlMe 3
MAO
MAO
MAO
MAO
MAO
MAO
MAO
MAO
MAO
MAO
MAO
MAO
MAO
MAO
MAO
MAO
MAO: AlMe 3
MAO
MAO
MAO
MAO
MAO
MAO
MAO
MAO
MAO
MAO
MAO
(1:1 mixture)
(Tebbe reagent)
( 1 : 1 mixture)
( 1 : 1 mixture)
( 1 : 1 mixture)
( 1 : 1 mixture)
( 1 : 1 mixture)
F. REFERENCES
1. F. T. Wall, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 63, 1862 (1941).
2. F. R. Mayo, F. M. Lewis, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 66, 1594 (1944).
3. E. Merz, T. Alfrey, and G. Goldfinger, J. Polym. ScL, 1, 75
(1946).
4. G. E. Ham, J. Polym. ScL, 45, 169 (1960).
5. F. P. Price, J. Chem. Phys., 36, 209 (1962).
6. K. Ito, Y. Yamashita, J. Polym. ScL, Part A: Gen. Pap., 3, 2165
(1965).
7. J. C. Randall, J. Macromol. ScL, C: Rev. Macromol. Chem.
Phys., 29, 201 (1989).
8. M. Fineman, S. D. Ross, J. Polym. ScL, 5, 269 (1950).
9. T. Kelen, F. Tiidos, J. Macromol. ScL, A: Chem., 9, 1 (1975).
10. D. W. Behnken, J. Polym. ScL, Part A: Gen. Pap., 2, 645
(1964).
11. RW. Tidwell, G. A. Mortimer, J. Polym. ScL, Part A: Gen.
Pap., 3, 369 (1965).
12. D. Braun, W. Brendlein, G. Mott, Eur. Polym. J., 9, 1007
(1973).
13. N. Herfert, P. Montag, G. Fink, Makromol. Chem., 194, 3167

(1993).
14. J. Koivumaki, G. Fink, Macromolecules, 27, 6254 (1994).
15. P. Muhlenbrock, G. Fink, Z. Naturforsch., B: Chem. ScL, 50,
423 (1995).
16. H. N. Cheng, J. Chem. Inf. Comput. ScL, 27, 8 (1987).
17. H. N. Cheng, J. Appl. Polym. ScL: Appl. Polym. Symp., 43,
129 (1989).
18. H. Drogemuller, K. Heiland, W. Kaminsky, in: W. Kaminsky,
H. Sinn (Eds.), "Transition Metals and Organometallics as
Catalysts for Olefin Polymerization", Springer, Heidelberg,
1988, p. 302.
19. V. Busico, L. Mevo, G. Palumbo, A. Zambelli, Makromol.
Chem., 184, 2193 (1983).
20. J. C. W. Chien, D. He, J. Polym. ScL, Part A: Polym. Chem.,
29, (1991).
21. C. Bergemann, R. Cropp, G. Luft, J. MoI. Catal., 102, 1
(1995).
22. A. Zambelli, A. Grassi, M. Galimberti, R. Mazzocchi,

F. Piemontesi, Macromol. Chem., Rapid Commun., 12, 523
(1991).
23. C. Lethinen, B. Lofgren, Eur. Polym. J., 33, 115 (1997).
.24. M. Kakugo, Y. Naito, K. Mizunuma, T. Miyatake, Macromolecules, 15, 1150(1982).
25. J. A. Ewen, in: T. Keii, K. Soga (Eds.), Cataytic Polymerization of Olefins, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., 25, 271 Elsevier,
Amsterdam (1986).
26. P. Starck, C. Lethinen, B. Lofgren, Angew. Makromol. Chem.,
249, 115 (1997).
27. K. Heiland, W. Kaminsky, Makromol. Chem., 193,601 (1992).
28. K. Soga, T. Uozumi, Makromol. Chem., 193, 823 (1992).
29. R. Quijada, J. Dupont, M. S. L. Miranda, R. B. Scipioni,
G. B. Galland, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 196, 3991 (1995).
30. W. Kaminsky, in: T. Keii, K. Soga, Catalytic Polymerization of
Olefins, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal, 25, 293, Elsevier, Amsterdam
(1986).
31. K. Soga, T. Uozumi, S. Nakamura, T. Toneri, T. Teranishi,
T. Sano, T. Arai, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 197, 4237 (1996).
32. J. Suhm, M. J. Schneider, R. Mulhaupt, J. Polym. Sci., Part A:
Polym. Phys., 35, 735 (1997).
33. M. J. Schneider, J. Suhm, R. Mulhaupt, M.-H. Prosenc,
H.-H. Brintzinger, Macromolecules, 30, 3164 (1997).
34. J. Koivumaki, G. Fink, J. V. Seppala, Macromolecules, 27,
6254 (1994).
35. F. G. Sernetz, R. Mulhaupt, R. M. Waymouth, Macromol.

Chem. Phys., 197, 1071 (1996).
36. S. Marathe, T. P. Mohandas, S. Sivaram, Macromolecules, 28,
7318 (1995).
37. W. Kaminsky, A. Noll, Polym. Bull. (Berlin), 31, 175
(1993).
38. W. Kaminsky, A. Bark, M. Arndt, Makromol. Chem., Makromol. Symp., 47, 83 (1991).
39. W. Kaminsky, R. Spiehl, Makromol. Chem., 190, 515
(1989).
40. W. Kaminsky, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 197, 3907 (1996).
41. D. Ruchatz, G. Fink, Macromolecules, 31,4681 (1998) and the
two preceeding papers by the same authors on pages 4669 and
4674 (1998).
42. W. Kaminsky, R. Engehausen, J. Kopf, Angew. Chem., 107,
2469 (1995), Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 34, 2273
(1995).
43. W. Kaminsky, A. Noll, in: G. Fink, R. Mulhaupt,
H.-H. Brinzinger (Eds.), Ziegler Catalysts, Springer, Berlin,
1995, p. 149.
44. M. J. Schneider, R. Mulhaupt, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 198,
1121 (1997).
45. M. Arnold, O. Henschke, F. Koller, Macromol. Rep., A33,219
(1996).
46. L. Oliva, P. Longo, L. Izzo, M. DiSerio, Macromolecules, 30,
(1997).
R a t e s
o f
A v e r a g e
M o l e c u l a r
W e i g h t
a n d
D e p o l y m e r i z a t i o n ,
W e i g h t s ,
D i s t r i b u t i o n s
o f
a n d
M o l e c u l a r
P o l y m e r s
L. H . Peebles, Jr.
Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
A. Introduction
11-339
B. Reference Tables for the Calculation of
Rates of Polymerization, Average Molecular
Weights, and Molecular Weight Distributions
of Polymers for Various Types of
Polymerization
11-340
Table 1. Addition Polymerization with
Termination
11-341
Table 2. Addition Polymerization - "Living"
Polymers with Partial Deactivation
II-344
Table 3. Linear Condensation Polymerization
without Ring Formation
II-346
Table 4. Equilibrium Polymerization
II-347
Table 5. Nonlinear Polymerization Systems
II-348
Table 6. Degradation of Polymers - May be
Accompanied by Crosslinking
II-350
Table 7. Influence of Reactor Conditions and
Design on the Molecular Weight
Distribution
II-352
C. Some Distribution Functions and Their
Properties
II-352
1. Normal Distribution Function
(Gaussian Distribution)
II-353
2. Logarithmic Normal Distribution Function
II-353
3. Generalized Exponential Distribution
II-354
4. Poisson Distribution
II-354
D. Molecular Weight Distribution in Condensation
Polymers: The Stockmayer Distribution
Function
II-354
E. References
II-356
A.
INTRODUCTION
An attempt is made to present a systematic guide to the

literature dealing with rates of polymerization, average
molecular weights, and molecular weight distributions of
polymers for various types of polymerization. This chapter
is based on a review of molecular weight distributions (1) in
which many of the equations are given in detail along with
graphs showing the interrelationship among various distributions; here, we present only references to the literature.
In addition, sections have been added on the effects of
degradation and reactor design on the reaction rates and the
molecular weight distributions. Literature references
beyond (312) are those that have been added since the
third edition of Polymer Handbook.
The theoretical description of the molecular weight
distribution of a polymer and its rate of polymerization is
dependent on the assumed mechanism of polymerization
and on the mathematical simplifications used to obtain
analytical expressions. As the number of distinct reactions
is increased, such as the various transfer reactions, the
mathematical expressions can become quite complex and
unwieldy. In general, the equations for the rate of polymerization are the most difficult to describe, the distribution
equations are somewhat easier, and the average molecular
weights the simplest. In condensation polymerization, many
of the distribution formulas are derived by considering the
statistics or the probability of a given reaction instead of the
kinetics of the reactions. Depending on which assumptions
are made, quite different average molecular weights are
derived, despite the rigor of the derivation. The emphasis in
this section is, therefore, on the distribution functions and
their averages; the rates of polymerization are given only if
they have been explicitly derived.
This chapter is divided into several tables and sections,
each treating various types of polymerization. The Stockmayer distribution function for condensation polymers is
given in detail because of its general applicability and
usefulness. Some general distribution functions are given in
Section C. For all the other expressions, the reader must
refer to the original literature. Many of the simpler
functions are adequately described in textbooks of polymer
chemistry. Flory (2), Bamford et al. (3), Odian (4),
Billmeyer (5), and Kuechler (6) give extended descriptions
of many systems. Bagdasarian (7) gives an extended
discussion of methods of determining absolute values of
propagation and termination constants, the influence of
cage effects on the rate of initiation, and the influence
of retardation, inhibition, and diffusion-controlled termination on the rate of polymerization. A review of the various
ways of deriving molecular weight distributions and the
moments of a distribution is given by Chappelear and
Simon (8).
Section B presents a series of tables describing the main
assumption or conditions imposed on the theoretical models
and references to the articles where the corresponding
equations may be found. Tables 1 and 2 present rate
equations and the distribution formulas for addition polymerization by a variety of mechanisms. No distinction is
made among free radical, cationic, anionic, or coordinationtype polymerization. While Table 1 treats those cases where
termination reactions predominate and where steady-state
assumptions are usually made, Table 2 treats those cases
where termination reactions either do not exist, or may be
considered as side reactions, having a minor to major
control over the molecular weight distribution. The
sequence length distributions for addition-type copolymers
are omitted. However, see Kuechler (6) for an extended
discussion of copolymerization distributions. Table 3
contains distribution formulas for linear condensation
polymers in which the polymer is assumed to be perfectly
linear and to contain no rings. Table 4 treats equilibrium
polymerization. Table 5 describes nonlinear systems. Table
6 treats those cases where polymers are degraded (or
altered) by the application of heat, light, or ionizing
radiation. In the latter case, the polymer may undergo
scission, crosslinking, or both reactions simultaneously.
Several references on crosslinking are included here but not
in Table 5. Finally, Table 7 is concerned with the influence
of reactor design on molecular weight distribution; the
kinetic equations for addition polymerization (with and
without termination) and condensation polymerization are
considered.
Section C lists a number of distribution functions and
their properties. Among them is the generalized exponential
function which is a good approximation to many real
systems (Eq. C29).
Section D presents the Stockmayer distribution function
for condensation polymerization wherein molecules of
various types of kind A react with molecules of various
types of kind B.
B. REFERENCE TABLES FOR THE CALCULATION OF
RATES OF POLYMERIZATION, AVERAGE MOLECULAR
WEIGHTS, AND MOLECULAR WEIGHT DISTRIBUTIONS
OF POLYMERS FOR VARIOUS TYPES
OF POLYMERIZATION
The following symbols are used in this chapter. Rv: rate of

polymerization; R^: rate of depolymerization; R\: active,
growing polymer containing one monomer unit; R^ and Q*:
active, growing polymer chains containing n monomer
units; Pr: molecular weight distribution; U1: rate constant
for initiation; kv\ rate constant for propagation; /: initiator
concentration; M: monomer concentration; Mn and Mw:
number-average and weight-average molecular weights,
respectively; 1 and 2 represent first and second order,

respectively. No distinction is made among free radical,
cationic, anionic, or coordination-type polymerizations.
The rate of initiation may be held constant (const)
throughout the polymerization, or it may depend on some
function of the catalyst and monomer concentrations, or it
may be instantaneous (instant), in which case only the total
number of initiating species need be known.
The rate of propagation is normally only the consumption of monomer; in some cases, the rate of propagation
through terminal or pendant double bonds is also considered.
Transfer reactions may occur to initiator, momomer,
solvent, or polymer.
Termination of active species may occur by a first-order
deactivation, by second-order combination (comb) or disproportionation (disprop), or not at all ("living" polymers).
Confusion exists over the meaning of the transfer-tocatalyst reaction. In free radical systems, it means transfer
of the active species to the initiator by a second-order
mechanism. In ionic polymerization, it means the expulsion
of an active fragment from a growing chain by a first-order
mechanism to form dead polymer and an active initiator
fragment. The first-order mechanism is called here the
"catalyst expulsion reaction" (cat ex).
The nomenclature of distribution functions can be quite
confusing. In this work, the Flory distribution (Eq. C41) is
also known as the Schulz-Flory distribution, the "most
probable" distribution, and the exponential distribution.
The Schulz distribution (Eq. C36) is also known as the
Schulz-Zimm distribution or the generalized Poisson
distribution; at large values of k it approximates the Poisson
distribution (Eq. C48). The Pearson Type III distribution is
a variation of the Schulz distribution. If an addition polymer
is made at constant monomer concentration, no transfer
reactions occur, termination is only by second-order combination, and the distribution of the polymer is described by
the Schulz distribution with k 2. This distribution is
sometimes called the self-convolution distribution or the
convoluted exponential distribution. In a uniform distribution, all molcules have the same size - it is monodisperse.
A rectangular or box distribution has no molecules below
ra, an equal number (or weight) of molecules between r a
and Tb, and no molecules whose size is above r\>.
In Table 5, systems are treated where branching
reactions, ring formation, or gel formation may occur. See
also Table 6 for crosslinking reactions during degradation.
The symbol RA/ means a monomer containing/reactive A
units. The problem of calculating the species distribution of
polyfunctional condensation polymers where branched,
cyclic, and crosslinked species can be formed is exceedingly complex. Most treatments apply the restriction that
ring formation does not occur prior to the gel point, which
obviously is incorrect. The restriction is invoked because of
the transition from the pre-gel condition, where all
unreacted functional groups can react without steric
limitations to a condition containing rings in which some
of the unreacted groups are sterically unable to react with
all of the remaining unreacted groups. The problem is
further compounded because each different reacting monomer will have various degrees of steric hindrance. Therefore, a general treatment must ignore this aspect. An
examination of the Stockmayer distribution function in
Section D shows that in-depth calculations are required
even for simple oligomer species. A number of attempts
have been made to provide simpler expressions for the
number or weight of individual species and the average
molecular weights before and after the gel point. These

include the theory of stochastic processes (271), stochastic
graph theory (272), the theory of cascade processes which
is based on probability generating functions (151), the use
of link distribution functions (273), the recursive nature of
branching processes and elementary probability laws (274),
Monte Carlo methods (275), graph theory (276), and a
kinetic approach (277).
TABLE 1. ADDITION POLYMERIZATION WITH TERMINATION

References
Set
Initiation
Monomer
Transfer
Termination
Rp
Pr
Mn,M^
1.1. INVARIANT MONOMER CONCENTRATION

1.1.1
1.1.2
1.1.3
1.1.4
1.1.5
Const
Const
Const
Const
Const
None
Monomer, solvent
Monomer, solvent
Activator
None
2 Disprop or comb
2 Disprop
2 Disprop and comb
2 Comb
2 With catalyst; redox system
1.1.6
Const
Const
Const
Const, redox
Const, initiation
by activator
kxM2
2-4
2,3,10-12
3
13
14
1-4
1-3
1,3
13
-
1-4
1-3
1,3
13
14
Const
2 Term
15
15
1.1.7
Instant
Const
Dimer, Monomer
Initiator
None
2 Term; 1 or 2 reactivation
16
16
1.2. VARYING MONOMER CONCENTRATION, NO TRANSFER-TO-MONOMER REACTION

1.2.1
1.2.2
1.2.3
1.2.4
Const
Const
Photosensitized
Const
Varies
Varies
Varies
Varies
None
Solvent
None
None
2 Comb or disprop
2 Comb and disprop
2 Disprop
2 Disprop and comb pseudo 1
with scavenger
3
3
39
17
(rate of scavenger
1,3
1,3
1,3
1,3
39
disappearance)
1.3. VARYING MONOMER CONCENTRATION, TRANSFER-TO-MONOMER REACTION OCCURS

1.3.1
1.3.2
1.3.3
1.3.4
.3.5
Const
Const
k{M2
kxMl
Instant
Varies
Varies
Varies
Varies
Varies
Monomer, solvent
Monomer, solvent
Monomer
Monomer, initiator
Monomer
2 Disprop or comb
2 Disprop and comb
2 Comb and disprop
2 Disprop; degradative chain transfer
Non-steady state conditions, term by
comb or disprop
3,18
3,4
20
313
1,3,18
1,3,4
313
1
19
1,3,4
20
313
1.4. 1 TERMINATION OR DEACTIVATION, STEADY-STATE KINETICS

1.4.1
1.4.2
1.4.3
1.4.4
1.4.5
1.4.6
Const
kiMI
k-xM2
kiMI
k-M1
kiMI
Const
Const
Const
Varies
Varies
Const
Monomer
Monomer, solvent
Monomer
Solvent
None
None
1 Deactivation
1 Deactivation
1 Deactivation
1 Plus solvent term
1 Deactivation
Deactivation by init. expulsion
4
1,4
1,4
4 1.4,21,22 1,4,21,22
4
1,4
1,4
4,23
1,4
1,4
4,23
1,4
1,4
21
1,21
1,21
1.5. TERMINATION BY 2 REACTION WITH MONOMER, STEADY-STATE KINETICS

1.5.1
1.5.2
1.5.3
1.6.
1.6.1
1.6.2
1.6.3
Const
kiMI
Const
Varies
Varies
Const
None
Monomer
Monomer
2 With monomer
2 With monomer
2 With monomer
None
Monomer
Monomer
2 Disprop
2 Disprop
2 Comb; two active chains couple
to form a chain with two active ends
4,23
23
4
1,4
1
1,4
1,4
1
1,4
3
3
1,3
18
1,3
1,3
18
1,3
TWO ACTIVE ENDS PER CHAIN

Const
Const
Const
Const
Const
Const
1.7. SLOW EXHAUSTION OF INITIATOR, NONSTEADY-STATE KINETICS

1.7.1
1.7.2
kj
kj
Const
Varies
None
None
2 Disprop* or comb
2 Comb
25*,26
27
1,25*,26
27
*Data belong together.
TABLE 1. cont'd
References
Set
Initiation
Monomer
Transfer
Termination
Rp
Pr
Afn, Mw
1.8. DEAD-END POLYMERIZATION, RAPID DECAY OF INITIATOR, MONOMER CONCENTRATION INVARIANT

1.8.1
1.8.2
kj
kj2
Const
Const
Monomer, solvent
None
2 Disprop or comb
2 Disprop or comb
28
28
1,28
1,28
1,28
1,28
30
30
31
1,19*
1
-
40
41
1,2,3,4,10
32,33
239
34
1,35
239
239
315
-
316
316
37*
1,36
27
42
240
241
240
241
242
242
242
243
243
243
317
317
1,38
1.9. DEAD-END POLYMERIZATION, SLOW DECAY OF INITIATOR, MONOMER CONCENTRATION VARIES

1.9.1
1.9.2
1.9.3
kj
kj
kJM
Varies
Varies
Varies
Monomer, solvent
Monomer, solvent
None
1.9.4
1.9.5
Instant
Redox
Varies
Varies
Monomer
None
2 Disprop * or comb
2 Comb
1 Term, bimolecular monomer
addition. /* and R) do not terminate
1 Term, or 2 with monomer
2 Term
1.10. COPOLYMERIZATION: TWO DIFFERENT MONOMERS PRESENT

1.10.1
Const
Const
Monomer
2 Disprop or comb
1.10.2
Const
Varies
None
1.10.3
Const
Const
None
1.10.4
1.10.5
Const
Varies
Const
Varies
None
Agent
Diffusion controlled and inversely

proportional to viscosity
Rate const for term is known as
fn(conc). Comparison of cross term
parameter ^
Alternating copolymerization
Various; Monte Carlo calculations;
initiation and term influences
composition
314
1.11. DIFFUSION-CONTROLLED TERMINATION (see also 1.10.2 and 5.1.4)

1.11.1
Const
Varies
None or solvent*
1.11.2
1.11.3
1.11.4
1.11.5
kj
Const
kj
kj
Varies
Varies
Varies
Varies
None
None
Monomer
None
1.11.6
k[
Varies
None
1.11.7
k{
Varies
Monomer, solvent
1.11.8
kj or none
Varies
Monomer, solvent
1.11.9
Const
Const
Solvent
2 Disprop or comb*
and diffusion controlled
2 Comb, Rt = ktMn,n > 1
2 Process
2 Disprop and diffusion controlled
2 Disprop and comb, diffusion
controlled
2 Disprop, term rate for long chains
depends on entanglement density
2 Disprop, term rate for long
chains depends on entanglement
density
2 Comb, and disprop term depends
on free volume or free volume
plus entanglement, CaIc. of gel point
kt^m) = ko(nm)~a. Term by comb
and disprop.
27
318
1.12. PRIMARY RADICAL TERMINATION

1.12.1
Const
Varies
Monomer
1.12.2
Const
Const
None or init. and

monomer*
2 Comb and disprop and

primary radicals
2 Term and primary radicals
38
33,43-45
- 44,45,15*
1.13. MIXED SPECIES PROPAGATION

1.13.1
Const
Varies
Monomer
1.13.2
Const
Const
None
1.13.3
Const
Varies
None
*Data belong together.
Propagation, transfer and termination

rates depend on species type, i.e.
free radical and cationic occurring
simultaneously
Zwitter-ion polymerization;
distance between ions varies as r 3/2 ,
equilibrium between free and solvated
ions; 1 term
Bifunctional initiator, term by comb
46
244
46
244
244
47
47
319
319
TABLE 1. cont'd
References
Set
Initiation
Monomer
Transfer
Termination
Rv
Pr
Mn,Mw
1.14. EMULSION POLYMERIZATION (see also Tables 2 and 7)

1.14.1
Const
Const within
particles
None
1.14.2
Const
None
1.14.3
Const
1.14.4
Const
Const within
particles
Const within
particles
Const within
particles
1.14.5
Const
1.14.6
Slow and const
1.14.7
Const
1.14.8
None
Monomer
Const within
Monomer
particles
varies outside
Const
None
None
Const
Const within
particles
Const
1.14.9
Varies
Varies
Minimize
1.14.10
Const
Const within
particles
Monomer, agent
1.14.11
Const
Monomer, agent
1.14.12
Varies
Const within
particles
Varies
1.14.13
Const
Const
None
1.14.14
Const
Const
None
None
Monomer
General theory; particles act

as independent units; 2
term within particles; number
of particles remain constant;
number of radicals per particle
General theory; Slow-term
rate within particles
Inst. term within particles;
number of particles varies
Normal 2 term within particles; rapid
interchange between phases of
small-sized radicals; number of
radicals per particle
Rapid exchange between phases of
small-sized radicals; term in aq
phase and in particles
Slow 2 comb; calcn. of number of
radicals per particle
Const number of particles; term by
2 comb
Inst term on entering a particle; const
number of particles
Adjust initiation and term rates while
minimizing transfer to obtain
"monodisperse" polymer
Instant 2 term when a free radical
enters a particle containing two
growing chains and reacts with one
of them. No term by disprop or comb
within particles
Same as case 1.14.10 but plus term by
disprop or particle by comb
Varying rate of entry, desorption of
oligometic radicals, term by comb
and disprop, Monte Carlo simulation
model
Any number of chains per particle, 1
term, 2 term by disprop or by comb.
Use of Markov chains
See 1.14.13. Copolymerization, chain
composition distribution
48-54
53
55
55
56
59
59
60
60
61
72
72
72
245
245
245
245
245
245
320
321
322
62
62
62
63
63
68
68
69
69
57
58
1.15. HETEROGENEOUS POLYMERIZATION

1.15.1
k[MI, I varies
Varies
Monomer
1.15.2
Instant
Varies
None
1.15.3
Const
Const
None
1.15.4
Const
Const
None
Polymerization in monomer rich and

monomer poor phases; 2 disprop
Term by precipitation onto growing
solid particle
2 Comb, 1 occlusion onto particle
surfaces, and primary radical term
2 Term in liquid phase, 1 radical
precipitation, propagation and 2
term at solid-liquid interface
64
65
1.16. INHIBITION AND RETARDATION

1.16.1
Const
Varies
None
1.16.2
Const
Const
Inhibitor
1.16.3
Const
Const
Retarder
2 Term, 2 addition to
inhibitor
2 Term, inhibitor
term, inhibitor coupling
2 Term, retarder
reinitiation and term
3,66,67,73
TABLE 1. cont'd
References
Set
Initiation
Monomer
Transfer
1.16.4
Const
Const
Retarder
1.16.5
Const
Const
Retarder
1.16.6
1.16.7
1.16.8
1.16.9
Const
Const
Const
kj
Const
Varies
Const
Const
Retarder
None
Inhibitor
Inhibitor
1.17.
Termination
2 Term, retarder reinitiation, term and
coupling
2 Term, rate of transfer equals rate of
reinitiation
2 Term, copolymerization of retarder
Pseudo 1 with scavenger
2 Disprop, 2 reaction with inhibitor
2 with inhibitor or with monomer
to assess the efficiency of initiation
^p
Pr
Mn, Mw
3,12,70
71,74
10
11
17
75
246
11
75
-
247
323
324
324
324
325
POLYFUNCTIONAL INITIATOR WITH VARIOUS THERMAL STABILITIES
1.17.1
k\Ml
On raising the
temp., other
peroxide groups
can initiate
1.18.
Const
None
2 disproportionate
PERIODIC MODULATION OF TERMINATION OR INITIATION
1.18.1
Const
Varies
None
1.18.2
Varies
Varies
None
1.18.3
Varies
Varies
None
Periodic modulation of term by

disprop by addition of an inhibitor
or by magnetic or electric fields
Periodic modulation of initiation,
term by comb and/or disprop,
computer calculation
Periodic modulation of initiation,
term by comb. Calcn. of MWD by
generating functions
TABLE 2. ADDITION POLYMERIZATION - "LIVING" POLYMERS WITH PARTIAL DEACTIVATION

References
Set
2.1.
Initiation
Monomer
Transfer
Termination
kpMI
Varies
None
None
2.1.2
kpMIt
Varies
None
None; initiator added at a constant rate
None
None
2.2.1
2.3.
2.3.1
2.3.2
2.3.3
2.3.4
2.3.5
2.3.6
2A.
2.4.1
2.4.2
Pr
Mn^Mw
103
1,2,101,
102
-
1,2,101,
102
103
102, 104
1,102
1,102
THE POISSON DISTRIBUTION: Jc1 = kp
2.1.1
2.2.
Rp
2,101,102
THE GOLD DISTRIBUTION: Zt1 + kp

kiMI
Varies
PARTIAL DEACTIVATION BYA 1 PROCESS OR A 2 PROCESS WITH AN IMPURITY

Instant
Instant
Instant initiator
has two active
sites
Instant
Instant
Instant
Varies
Varies
Varies
None
None
None
1 or 2
Rate of term//?p = const.
Rate of term//?p = const.
Varies
Varies
Const
None
None
None
Rate of term independent of Rp

1 at infinite time
Probability that a chain will
terminate rather than propagate
is kt/kvM
105
1,106
1,106
- 1,106,107 1,106,107
1,107
1,107
1,106
108,109
-
1,106
108,109
248
MULTIPLE PROPAGATING SPECIES: R*n CAN TRANSFORM INTO Ql, ETC.

Instant
kiMI
Const
Varies
None
None
None, two propagating species

None, two propagating
species
1, 77-79
76
1,77,78
80
76
1,77-80
TABLE 2. cont'd
References
Set
Initiation
Monomer
Transfer
2.4.3
2.4.4
Instant
Activated monomer
addition
Varies
Varies;
volume also
varies
None
None
Termination
None, multiple propagating species
None; two prop constants
kp can increase
Rp
Pr
Mn, M ^
249
-
249
326
327
249
326
327
82,83
84
1,81
81
1,81
83
2.5. SIMULTANEOUS POLYMERIZATION AND DEPOLYMERIZATION

2.5.1
2.5.2
2.5.3
kiMI
kiMI
JcpM2
Const
Varies
Varies
None
None
None
None
None
None
2.6. THE kp VARIES WITH CHAIN LENGTH (see also 2.4.4, 3.3, and 3.4)
2.6.1
2.6.2
2.6.3
2.6.4
2.6.5
kiMI
Varies
None
None
(a) all propagation constants (kT) are different
1,85,86
(b) ki : ki : k2 : k3 :~-kn=m
: (m - 1) : (m - 2) : (m - 3) :
1,85
(C) * i ^ * 2 - - - ^ m = W i = = *
1.85
1,85
(d)*i^*i^*2=*m
1,85
Instant, kx = k2 = km,km+l, etc.= 0
86
86
86
Instant, kp is a linear decreasing function of r
86
86
86
Const
Varies
None
None; kv for monomer, dimer, and
328
328
trimer different from remaining
molecules
Rate constants can vary with extent of conversion; determination of rate constants from Pr and the use of generating functions; termination
by monomolecular decay, disprop and/or comb.
329
-
2.7. DEACTIVATION BY TRANSFER TO MONOMER

2.7.1
2.7.2
2.7.3
kxMI
Instant
Instant
Varies
Varies
Varies
Monomer
Monomer
Monomer
None
None
None, two active ends per initiator
1,87
1,74,90
1,91
1,87 1,74,87,88
1,89,90
1,74,90
1,91,92
1,91
2.8. DEACTIVATION BY SLOW 1 TERMINATION

2.8.1
2.8.2
Instant
Instant
Varies
Varies
None
Monomer
Slow 1
Slow 1, at infinite time
1,74
1,74
1,74
1,74
None
1 term
None
67
250
250
1,93
67
250
95
2.9. DEACTIVATION BY INITIATOR EXPULSION REACTION

2.9.1
2.9.2
2.9.3
Instant
kiMI
Instant
Varies
Varies
Varies
None
Monomer
Monomer
2.10. DEACTIVATION BY DEGRADATIVE CHAIN TRANSFER

2.10.1
2.11.
2.11.1
kiMI
Varies
Degradative transfer
to polymer
None
94
Varies
None
None
96
None; diffusion of monomer through

solid polymer
2 Term with monomer; diffusion of
monomer through solid polymer
Sorption and desorption of chains from
the surface; slow 1 term which
depends on chain length
97
97
98
98
99
99
100
100
COPOLYMERIZATION
Instant
2.12. HETEROGENEOUS POLYMERIZATION

2.12.1
Instant
Varies
None
2.12.2
Instant
Varies
None
2.12.3
Const
Const
None
2.13. SPONTANEOUS POLYMERIZATION

2.13.1
Const
Const
None
Vinyl compound and activator form

monomer; monomer both initiates
and propagates; no term
TABLE 2. cont'd
References
Set
2.14.
Initiation
Rev 2 with
monomer
k[MI
2.15.2
kM
Const
Monomer
No termination; dead species in

equilibrium with living species,
irreversible propagation
251
252
Numerical method for calc. of MWD

with mono- or polyfunctional transfer
agent. Latter leads to branching.
330
3-State mechanism consisting of two

successive equilibria
Equilibrium between dormant
aggregated polymer and "living"
polymer
331
332
334
335
SLOW EQUILIBRIA
Varies
Varies
None
POLYMER MICROSTRUCTURE
2.17.1
Varies
Varies
None
2.17.2
NA
NA
NA
TABLE 3.
LINEAR CONDENSATION POLYMERIZATION WITHOUT RING FORMATION
3.7
251
2.16.2
3.6
251
None
3.5
Mn,Mw
No termination. Transfer creates dead

polymer and active initiator
Varies
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
Pr
Agent
const
varies
Agent
Varies
Set
Rp
Const
or
varies
Varies
2.16.1
2.17.
Termination
DEACTIVATION BY TRANSFER TO AGENT
2.15.1
2.16.
Transfer
REVERSIBLE INITIATION AND REACTIVATION
2.14.1
2.15.
Monomer
None; concentration of head-to-head

and tail-to-tail, sequence length
distributions, various dyad and triad fractions
Block copolymers
Conditions
Condensation of bifunctional monomer AB; the Flory distribution. See Eq. (C41)
Bifunctional monomer AA reacting with bifunctional monomer BB; the nylon case of hexamethylene diamine and adipic acid
Deviations from the principle of equal reactivity; the "substitution effect"
Rate of condensation varies
3.4.1 Rate of condensation proportional to chain size
3.4.2 Condensation requires rotation into colinear orientation prior to reaction
3.4.3 The order of reaction varies with conversion, or a catalytic influence of unreacted A or B groups, or both effects
occurring simultaneously
Other simple linear condensation cases
3.5.1 AA reacting with BC. BC is an anhydride; within a given molecule, B must react before C
3.5.2 AA reacting with BC. BC is an unsymmetrical acid or glycol; B reacts only with A at a different rate from that of
C reacting with A
3.5.3 AB reacting with C and itself. B and C react only with A; C is a terminator or capping material
3.5.4 AA reacting with BB and C; the nylon case again with acetic acid as terminator
3.5.5 AA reacting with BC; A and B react with C
3.5.6 AB reacts with CC or DD kinetics
3.5.7 AA and A reacting with BB and B
Further polymerization of polymers with an initial geometric distribution
3.6.1 Further polymerization of AB when the initial distribution is geometric
3.6.2 Further polymerization of AB when the initial distribution is a superposition of two geometric distributions
3.6.3 Further polymerization of AA with BB when the initial distribution of both is geometric
Copolymerization of condensation polymers
3.7.1 AB reacting with CD; AB and CD can be hydroxy acids or similar materials
3.7.2 AA reacting with BB and CC. A reacts with B and C only and vice versa; BB and CC can be adipic and sebacic acids
3.7.3 AA and BB reacting with CC and DD; A and B react only with C and D and vice versa
3.7.4 AA reacting with BC and DD; A reacts only with B, C, and D
3.7.5 AA and DD reacting with BC; A and B react only with C and D and vice versa
3.7.6 AA reacting with BC-BC, the latter can be a dianhydride; B must react before C
References
1,2,110
1,24,111
1,112,253,254
1,113,114,134
255
256
1,111
1,111
1,111
1,111
1,111
115
336
1,116
1,116
1,116
1,111
111,257
111
111
111
258,259
TABLE 3. cont'd
Set
3.8
3.9
3.10
3.11
Conditions
Coupled polymers
3.8.1 AB polymerized to extent of conversion a, then coupled with CC
3.8.2 AB polymerized to extent of conversion a, then coupled with CD. A and B can react with C or D
3.8.3 AA and BB polymerized to extent of conversion a, then coupled with an excess of CC. A and B to react completely
on coupling
3.8.4 Poisson-distribution polymer of AA coupled with BC
3.8.5 Monomer AB polymerized to extent of conversion a, then coupled with excess CC to extent of conversion 7,
then recoupled with excess DD
3.8.6 Particularly narrow distributions via coupling reaction
I. AA and BB (great excess)^BBAABB, then remove excess BB. CC and BBAABB (great excess)>
BBAABBCCBBAABB, then remove excess BBAABB, and continue in like manner
II. AA and 2BC^CBAABC then CBAABC and 2DEÊDCBAABCDE, etc
III. AB and CDÂBCD then ABCD and EFÂBCDEF, etc
3.8.7 Blocks of polymers of known distribution are coupled together
I. A series of Poisson-type-polymers coupled together
II. Poisson-type-polymers coupled to "most probable"-type polymers
III. A series of "most probable"-type polymers coupled together
AB reacts with CC or CD; rate of reaction of A dependent upon whether or not B has reacted
Segmented block copolymers; distribution of block sizes
Reacted sequences in homopolymers
TABLE 4.
Set
4.1
References
1,117
1,117
1,117
119
119
119
120,118
115
260-262
263, 264
EQUILIBRIUM POLYMERIZATION
Conditions
References
The "most probable" distribution of Flory has been derived for condensation polymerization when all reactions are
assumed to have the same probability, regardless of chain length, and whether or not exchange reactions occur:
P r + P5 = P r + s - i + P t ,
4.2
1,117,118
1,117
Eq. C41
i<r +s
Here, P1- can be a byproduct such as water, or a polymer molecule whose size is smaller than r + s. The same distribution
results when random scission occurs to infinitely long chains. See also (265) for multifunctional monomers.
The theoretical equilibrium molecular weight distribution for the system
2,121
122
rM = Pr
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.10
4.11
4.12
4.13
4.14
4.15
4.16
4.17
depends upon the thermodynamic definition of the final product. If the change in Gibbs free energy of formation and
polymerization is a linear function of molecular size r, then two cases can be considered:
4.2.1 The monomer is polymerized to a pure perfectly ordered state (solid); this gives the "most probable" distribution
4.2.2 The monomer is polymerized to a pure randomly ordered state (liquid); a completely different distribution results
If the free-energy change upon disordering of the pure polymer is independent of the molecular weight distribution, a new
distribution arises
Thermodynamics of living equilibrium polymers
Given an initial distribution, find the distribution as a function of time when chain ends react at random with all monomer units
Initiation, propagation, and termination reactions are all equilibrium reactions; an initiator is required
Initiation, propagation, and termination reactions are all equilibrium reactions; the system is self-initiating
Equilibrium initiation and equilibrium propagation with a multifunctional initiator
Equilibrium initiation and equilibrium propagation; no termination; nonequilibrium solution.
The catalyst can form an active species with any polymer molecule, and the total number of moles of the system is kept
constant (constant pressure and volume if all polymer molecules are ideal gases)
Addition polymerization, instantaneous initiation, no transfer, no termination, monomer concentration held constant, active
species in equilibrium with inactive species
Addition polymerization, rate of initiation equals k\MC, no transfer, no termination, two active species in equilibrium, monomer
concentration varies
Addition polymerization, instantaneous initiation, no transfer, no termination, active species in equilibrium with inactive species,
monomer concentration varies
Poly(phosphate) equilibria
Instantaneous initiation, polymerization and depolymerization, 1 termination
Instantaneous initiation, polymerization and depolymerization, degradative transfer to monomer
Copolymerization: bimolecular addition of one monomer, equilibrium addition of other monomer
Copolymerization: equilibrium growth with monomer A or B adding to a chain with a terminal group of either A or B. Three
cases: 2 reaction with initiator; 1 formation of active radical; 2 reaction with another monomer
Eq. C41
123
124
125
126
127
127
128,266
129
130
77
78
77
131
132
133
230
267
TABLE 4. cont'd
Set
4.18
4.19
4.20
Conditions
Equilibrium copolymerization of two or more comonomers
Polycondensation where groups have different equilibrium constants
Equilibrium copolymerization initiated by polymer chains with active sites: average mol. wts, grafting ratio, grafting efficiency,
grafting success, branching distribution, frequency of grafts
References
268
269,270
337
TABLE 5. NONLINEAR POLYMERIZATION SYSTEMS

Set
Conditions
Vinyl polymerization; self-grafting

5.1.1 General case; molecular weight averages for grafted and ungrafted polymer
5.1.2 Constant rate of initiation, monomer concentration invariant, transfer to monomer and to polymer, termination by 2
disproportionation
5.1.3 Constant rate of initiation, monomer concentration varies, transfer to polymer, termination by 2 combination
5.1.4 Constant rate of initiation, monomer concentration can vary, transfer to monomer and to polymer, termination by 2
disproportionation and/or combination
5.1.5 Instantaneous initiation, monomer varies, either no transfer occurs or transfer to monomer, solvent, or polymer
is allowed; termination by coupling and varies with chain length
5.2
Vinyl polymerization; grafting onto a performed polymer whose initial distribution is either (i) of constant length or (ii) a
geometric distribution
5.3
Vinyl polymerization; all segments of the backbone chains have equal probability to be grafted
5.4
Vinyl polymerization; terminal double-bond polymerization, monomer concentration varies, transfer to monomer and to
polymer, terminal double bond polymerization
5.4.1 Termination predominantly by transfer, constant rate of initiation; batch or continuous polymerization
5.4.2 Termination by disproportionation, constant rate of initiation, includes transfer to solvent
5.4.3 Termination by combination, constant rate of initiation, amount of short and long chain branching, transfer to a
tertiary site
5.4.4 Termination by combination, initiator and monomer concentration vary, transfer to monomer and to polymer
5.4.5 Termination by combination, initiator and monomer concentration vary, transfer to monomer and to polymer,
characterization following saponification and reacetylation
5.5
Vinyl polymerization; long-chain branching.
5.5.1 constant rate of initiation, monomer concentration invariant, transfer to monomer and to polymer, termination by 2
disproportionation
5.5.2 "Living polymer". Instantaneous initiation, P-hydride or p-methyl elimination to form a terminal double bond, transfer
with agent to form a saturated end
5.6
Vinyl polymerizaton; "living" branched polymer; polyfunctional initiator RA/; rate of initiation equals rate of propagation, no
transfer, no termination
5.7
Vinyl polymerization; Rp, in a diffusion controlled gelling system; termination by disproportionation or combination, no
transfer
5.8
Vinyl polymerization; branching density as a function of conversion; branches formed by polymerization through a vinyl group
(diene polymers) or by transfer-to-polymer reaction
5.8.1 Batch polymerization
5.8.2 Continuous polymerization
5.9
Vinyl polymerization
5.9.1 Branching density as a function of conversion of (1) long-chain branching, (2) short-chain branching (backbiting),
(3) very short chain branching (radical migration)
5.9.2 Copolymerization with divinyl, no ring formation prior to gelation
5.9.3 Copolymerization with divinyl; ring formation permitted; Monte Carlo calculations for crosslinking density, weight
fraction of gel; chain-length distribution between crosslinks
5.9.4 Circuits in a network, elastically active chains
5.10a Emulsion polymerization; branch density
5.10b Emulsion polymerization; Monte Carlo calculations; can account for desorption of oligomers, chain-length dependence of
kinetic parameters, chain transfer to monomer and solvent, polymerization through terminal double bonds and long-chain
branching
5.11 Cyclopolymerization: the concentration of pendent double bonds per molecule
5.12 Gelation condition in a system when cyclopolymerization also occurs; transfer to monomer reaction occurs. Molecular weight
given
5.13 General theory of gelation for poly addition- and poly condensation-type polymers
5.14 The general distribution function for various molecules of type A reacting with various molecules of type B; A can only react
with B
5.14.1 All functional groups have equal reactivity, independent of position within the molecule or the size of the molecule.
Ring formation excluded
References
5.1
278
1,3,18
135
279
280
18
136
1,137-139
338
338,339
340
341
1,140
355
141
142
1,2
1,138
143
274,281
342,343
282,283
144,344
345
145-149
150
151
Section D
276
TABLE 5. cont'd
Set
5.15
Conditions
References
5.14.2 Monomers of type RA/ (/can vary) can only react with monomers of type RBg (g can vary) where the various B's can
have different reactivities. No ring formation
5.14.3 Monomers of type RA/ and RB g where/and g can vary, the reactivity of a given B can depend on whether or not an
adjacent B on the same molecule has reacted. No ring formation
5.14.4 Monomers of type RA/ and RB g where/and g can vary; no ring formation; calculation of higher distribution
moments
Crosslinking or coupling of a polymer with a known primary distribution (see also Table 6)
5.15.1 General case. No ring formation prior to gelation
5.15.2 All primary chains have the same size; no ring formation prior to gelation
5.16
5.15.3 Primary chains of the Poisson type, (Eq. C48); no ring formation prior to gelation
5.15.4 Primary chains of the Schulz type, (Eq. C36); no ring formation prior to gelation
5.15.5 Primary chains of the "most probable" type; ring formation allowed prior to gelation
5.15.6 Formation of star-type polymers
Homopolymer of ARB r _i. A can react only with B; the B's may have different reactivities. Formation of rings excluded prior
to gelation
5.16.1 All B groups have the same reactivity
5.16.2 Let B groups have different reactivities
5.16.3 A controversy over the statistical approach
5.17
5.18
5.19
5.20
5.21
5.22
5.23
5.24
Copolymer of ARB/_i and AB; A can react only with B; formation of rings excluded prior to gelation
Homopolymer of RA/; formation of rings excluded prior to gelation
5.18.1 All A's equally reactive
284
285
346
1,152-155,
286
1,2,152,
155-157
155,157
286
287
288
1,2,158,265,
289
1,159,160
161,162,163,
164
1,2,158
1,2,121,158,
165,166,
265,274,
277,281,
290-292
167,273,293
5.18.2 Reactivity of A depends on number of A's previously reacted

Various copolymers
5.19.1 Copolymer of RA/ and AA; formation of rings excluded prior to gelation
1,2,165
5.19.2 Copolymer of RA/, AA, and BB; A can react only with B; formation of rings excluded prior to gelation; all branch
points completely reacted. See set 5.16.3 for a controversy
1,168,169
5.19.3 A mixture of self-condensing monomers RjA g , RiA/j, etc., no ring formation
277,294,295
5.19.4 A stoichiometric mixture of RA/ and RB/ of the same functionality/, indistinguishable reactivity, no ring formation.
Note that different authors get different equations for Mn and Mw
277
5.19.5 A stoichiometric mixture of RA/, RA g ,.. .and RBzn R B / . . . , / , g, h, i being different functionalities, indistinguishable
reactivities, no ring formation
277,294
5.19.6 A copolymer of RA/ and BB; no ring formation prior to gelation
274,281,290
5.19.7 A copolymer of RA^, AA, and B'B" where B' has a different reaction rate from B"; no rings prior to gelation
293
5.19.8 Copolymer of RA/, AA, and BB where the A's in RA/ can have different rates of reaction
293
Polymers of RA/B g
5.20.1 Homopolymer of RA/B g ; A can only react with B; formation of rings excluded prior to gelation
170,265
5.20.2 A mixture of monomers RA/B g , where/, g = 0,1, 2 , . . . , stoichiometry not required
295
Branching without gelation; copolymer of RA/ and AB. A can react only with B
1,171
Gelation conditions; formation of rings excluded prior to gelation
5.22.1 AA reacting with B/C g . A can react with B and C, but with different velocities. B cannot react with C
1,172
5.22.2 AA, BB, and C reacting with DDE and FF; A, B, and C individually can react with D, E, and F, but with different
velocities
1,172
5.22.3 AAB, RC4, and GC reacting with DE and F. DE is an anhydride or similar material. D must react first and may have a
different velocity from E. A, B, C. and G may react with different velocities
1,172
5.22.4 AB and CD reacting with EEF and GG. AB and CD are anhydrides or similar materials, where A must react before B and
C must react before D. A, B, C, and D may react with different velocities
1,172
5.22.5 AA and BC reacting with DDE and FG. BC is an anhydride, B reacting first, and FG is like an unsymmetrical glycol
1,172
Ring formation in linear polymers
5.23.1 Homopolymer of type AA
1,173,174
5.23.2 Homopolymer of type AA. Formation of catenanes
296
5.23.3 Homopolymer of type AB
1,173,175
5.23.4 Copolymer of type AABB
1,173,176
5.23.5 Distribution for chain fraction
1,2
5.23.6 Copolymer of AA with BC. BC can be an anhydride; within a given molecule, B must react before C; A single cyclic
oligomer is permitted to form
297
5.23.7 Ring-chain equilibrium constant, Rp of rings, cut-off point of monomer cone below which only cyclics formed
347
Crosslinking of a polymer with a known distribution; rings are permitted prior to gelation
153
TABLE 5. cont'd
Set
Conditions
References
5.25
5.26
Gelation conditions for RA/ when rings are permitted prior to gelation
Homopolymer of RA/. Ring formation permitted prior to gelation
5.27
5.28
5.29
5.30
Copolymer of RA/ and BB when rings are permitted prior to gelation

Gelation condition for RA/, AA, and BB when rings are permitted prior to gelation
Monte Carlo calculations on small amounts of crosslinking
Monte Carlo calculations for RA3, the reactivity of an A group depends on the number of previously reacted groups on that
monomer, no ring formation prior to gelation
Monte Carlo calculations for vinyl and divinyl copolymerization
Grafting of reactive polymers of the type AA, AAB, BB, and BBA where rings can form prior to gelation; M w and the gel point
Star type molecules prepared by anionic polymerization and different precursors (see also 5.19.1, 5.21 and 5.27)
5.31
5.32
5.33
1,177
1,178,179,
298
180
1,181
299
275
300
348
349
TABLE 6. DEGRADATION OF POLYMERS - MAY BE ACCOMPANIED BY CROSSLINKING

References
Set
Initiation
Mass
Initial
distribution
Transfer
Termination
Rd
Pr
Mn, M^
6.1. RANDOM SCISSION ONLY

6.1.1
6.1.2
Proportional to time Const

Proportional to time Const
6.1.3
Random at
all bonds
Random at
chain ends
Random at
all chains
Random
Random
Random
6.1.4
6.1.5
6.1.6
6.1.7
6.1.8
6.1.9
6.1.10
6.1.11
6.1.12
Random
Random at normal
and weak bonds
Gaussian about the
midpoint
Central
None
None
None
None
183-186
183-187
182-184
183,184,188
Const
Arbitrary
Infinite or
uniform
Uniform
None
None
189
189
Const
Uniform
None
None
190
Const
Uniform
None
None
191
191
Const
Const
Const
Rectangular
Flory
Schulz
None
None
None
None
None
None
184
184,188
187,301
Const
Const
Poisson
Uniform
None
None
None
None
184,187
184,187
184,187,
301
187
-
Const
Schulz
None
None
301
301
Const
Schulz
None
None
301
301
192
6.2. UNZIPPING-TYPE REACTION

6.2.1
6.2.2
6.2.3
6.2.4
6.2.5
6.2.6
6.2.7
6.2.8
6.2.9
6.2.10
6.2.11
6.2.12
1 end
1 end
1 end
1 end
1 end
1 end
1 end; various
rates of
initiation
Random scission
only
Random scission
only
1 end and
random scission
Varies
Varies
Varies
Varies
Varies
Varies
Varies; monomer
radicals may
evaporate
Varies
Uniform
Uniform
Schulz
Schulz
Schulz (k = 2)
Schulz (k = 2)
Flory
None
Polymer
None
None
None
None
None
1
2 Disprop
1
2 Disprop
1
2 Comb
1 or 2
Disprop
193
194
193
195
196
196
197
193
194
193
195
196
196
-
Uniform
Polymer
2 Disprop
194
194
Varies
Schulz
None
2 Disprop
198
198
Varies
Unspecified
None
1 and 2
Process
1 end and
random scission
1 end and
random scission
Varies
Flory
Polymer
Varies
Flory
Polymer
1 and 2
Disprop
2 Comb
199 (all molecules must terminate)

200 (some molecules can
completely disappear)
201
201
201
201
TABLE 6. cont'd
References
Initial
Distribution
Set
Initiation
Mass
6.2.13
1 end and
random scission
Varies
6.2.14
1 end and
random scission
Varies
Uniform
Polymer
6.2.15
1 end and
random scission
Polymer
6.2.16
1 end and
random
scission
6.2.17
Unzipping
reactions
Varies; units
Uniform
other than
monomer may
evaporate
Varies; units
Flory
other than
monomer may
evaporate
Varies
Various
Flory
Transfer
Polymer
Termination
Ra
Pr
Mn, M^
1 and 2 Process;
comparison of
random scission,
weak link, and
transfer theories.
Comparison of
various term
mechanisms
2 Disprop
202
203
203
204
205
205
polymer
1 and 2 Disprop
or 2 comb
206
206
206
Various
Various, a review
207
153
208
302
303
209
153
208
282
302
303
210
209
153
208
302
211
208
211
208
211
28
211
211
211
29
29
350
153
153
153
182
182
182
182,212,
213
-
182
182
182
153
153
153
6.3. RANDOM SCISSION AND CROSSLINKING

6.3.1
Proportional
to time
Const
Arbitrary
None
Unspecified term,
with and without
ring formation
6.3.2
Varies with depth

of penetration
Const
Flory
None
6.3.3
Proportional to
time
Const
Arbitrary
None
6.3.4
Proportional to
time
Proportional to
time
Const
Arbitrary
None
Const
Schulz
None
Const
Various
Unspecified
1 and 2 Disprop
without ring
formation
End-linking
(grafting) rather
than crosslinking;
without ring
formation
End-linking; with
ring formation
Unspecified term,
without ring
formation
Various initial
distributions
6.3.5
6.3.6
Proportional to
time
210
6.4. CROSS LINKING ONLY

6.4.1
6.4.2
6.4.3
6.4.4
6.4.5
Proportional
time
Proportional
time
Proportional
time
Proportional
time
Proportional
time
to
Const
Arbitrary
None
to
Const
Uniform
None
to
Const
Schulz
None
to
Const
Beasley (140)
None
to
Const
Arbitrary
None
Ring formation
prohibited
Ring formation
prohibited
Ring formation
prohibited
Ring formation
prohibited
Ring formation
permitted
6.5. RANDOM SCISSION FOLLOWED BY UNZIPPING

6.5.1
6.5.2
Random macromolecular fragmentation to form defective groups which subsequently initiates depolymerization
Random macromolecular fragmentation to form defective groups which subsequently initiates depolymerization
with bimolecular kinetic chain termination
351
352
TABLE 7. INFLUENCE OF REACTOR CONDITIONS AND DESIGN ON THE MOLECULAR WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION
Set
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6a
7.6b
7.7
7.8
7.9
7.10
7.11
7.12
7.13
7.14
7.15
7.16
7.17
Conditions
Comparison of 1 term, 2 term with monomer, 2 disprop, 2 comb, and no term for 1 and 2 self-initiation and initiation by
light in a CFSTR: Rv, Pr and Mn are given
Emulsion polymerization
7.2.1 Emulsion polymerization in a CFSTR. Instantaneous 2 termination
7.2.2 Emulsion polymerization in isothermal BR a ; 1 init, termination with initiator, four stages of polymerization
Effect of inadequate stirring in a CFSTR; comparison with BR and normal CFSTR. Term, by 2 or no term. Rp, P r M n ' s
Control of MWD a by use of temperature variation; term by 2 disprop or 2 comb. M n 's
Effect of expanding drop of monomer in a catalyst solution on MWD of "living" polymers
Effect of inadequate mixing by a laminar shear model on MWD of "living" polymers
Effect of different flow lines spending different times in the reactor on the MWD of "living" polymers; the bimodal MWD
changes with reactor length
Effect of varying rate of addition of initiator and/or monomer, transfer agent, or terminator, in a BR, neglecting change
in volume
Effect of varying the rate of addition of an instantaneous initiator on MWD of "living" polymers
Effect of back mixing on MWD of "living" polymers prepared in BR, semi-BR, and CFSTR
See also Table 3, set 3.6: Further polymerization of polymers with an initial geometric distribution
Linear condensation of a multifunctional monomer in a BR
"Living" polymer, inst. initiation, no transfer, no termination in a TR a , monomer varies
Effect of mixing in a BR
Condensation polymerization when monomer is R times more reactive with monomer or with polymer molecules, CFSTR,
and references to BRs
Effect of recycling a portion of a TR; chain-stopper control
Production of monodisperse particles
Reversible polymerization with multifunctional monomers. Comparison of MWD from CFSTR with BR
References
214
215
304
216
217
218
219
353
220
103,221
222
305
306,307
308
309,310
311
312
354
CFSTR: Continuous-flow, stirred tank reactor; BR: batch reactor; TR: tube reactor; MWD: molecular weight distribution.
C. SOME DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS AND THEIR

PROPERTIES
The frequency function, F(r), is the fraction of molecules

of size r. Furthermore, F(r) is normalized
Thus, by the definitions of F(r) and W(r)

(C5)
The weight-average degree of polymerization is
(Cl)
(C6)
The weight fraction of molecules of size r is
(C2)
Averages of any distribution are defined by
The z and z + 1 averages are defined by Eq. (C3) with / set

equal to 3 and 4. There is no need to restrict averages of a
distribution to positive integers - any useful average can be
defined; such as the (5/2) average. If the intrinsic
viscosity of a polymer is related to the degree of
polymerization through the equation
(C7)
where rv is the viscosity-average degree of polymerization,
it is related to the frequency function by
(C3)
The number-average degree of polymerization is defined

by
(C4)
(C8)
As a approaches unity, rv approaches r w . In principle, a
distribution function can be determined if sufficient
averages of the distribution can be determined. In practice,
only the number, weight, and perhaps z averages can be
found, which are insufficient to define any distribution
without making further assumptions.
The degree of polymerization is a useful concept as long

as one is describing polymers made with a single monomer
or with monomers of equal molecular weight. When
considering copolymers, one must work with the actual
molecular weight of the reacted unit. This is done in
condensation polymerization. The molecular weight distribution of addition copolymers is not included here
because of the extreme complexity of these systems.
When performing the summation of a distribution
equation to find an average of the distribution, use is
frequently made of the following sums:
Values of F(r) and J^ F(r) Ar are found in many statistical

tables (223).
2. Logarithmic Normal Distribution Function
Under the assumption that the weight distribution of the
logarithm of molecular size is normally distributed, we can
replace r in the normal distribution function by In r and f by
lnrm
(C15)
(C9)
where
(C16)
or in the alternate form

(C17)
n is an integer
where
(C18)
and
(C19)
Here r m is the median value of the distribution, that is, onehalf of the values of r are less than r m .
(C20)
(C21)
(C22)
1. Normal Distribution Function (Gaussian Distribution)
(C23)
(ClO)
(CU)
(C24)
Note that
(C25)
(C12)
(C26)
(C13)
The logarithmic normal distribution sometimes is given in a

"generalized" form (224)
(C14)
(C27)
but Honig (225) has shown that

(C28)
Thus, the normalized Lansing-Kramer function (s = 0)
(226) is identical to the normalized Wesslau function
(s = - l ) ( 2 2 7 ) .
The generalized logarithmic normal distribution is
skewed to large values of r, but Kotliar (237, 238) shows
that this distribution is not a good representation of a
polymer after either low- or high-molecular weight material
is removed or degradation has occurred.
(b) The Weibull (231) or Tung (232) distribution is

obtained by setting m = 1 + k and k > 0. This distribution
is usually seen in the form
(C40)
Kotliar (233) shows that evaluation of y and k by the Tung

method can lead to erroneous values of fw/fn.
(c) The Flory distribution, as noted above, occurs when
Jc = m = 1, provided that In/? can be replaced by - ( I /?),
i.e. p & 1. The Flory distribution is also written as:
3. Generalized Exponential Distribution (1,228)
(C41)
(C29)
(C42)
(C30)
(C43)
(C31)
(C44)
(C32)
(C33)
and with the approximation In p = p 1
(C34)
(C45)
and
(C35)
where a is defined by equation (C7).
The variance of a distribution <r2, the usual measure of
distribution breadth for small populations, depends strongly
on the average molecular weight of the distribution:
For high molecular weights p 1, hence
4. Poisson Distribution
Hence, the preferred measure
distribution breadth is
fw/rn.
(a) The distribution function
(229) is obtained by setting m =
This distribution is equivalent
distribution
of the molecular weight
(C37)
The distribution reduces to the "most probable" distribution where k = 1.
The cumulative number or weight fraction of the Schulz
distribution may be computed from
(C38)
(C39)
(CAl)
(C48)
(C49)
of Schulz (9) and Zimm

1 and requiring that k > 0.
to the Pearson Type III
(C36)
(C46)
(C50)
(C51)
D. MOLECULAR WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION IN
CONDENSATION POLYMERS: THE STOCKMAYER
DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION
Stockmayer (234) has presented a generalized distribution
formula for a variety of monomers containing end groups of
type A which can only react with a variety of monomers
containing end groups of type B. In the original mixture
there are A \, A 2, A 3 , . . . , A,-,... moles of reactants bearing
respectively,/1,/2,/3,...,/,-,... functional groups of type
A each, together with Bi, B2, , Bj,... moles of reactants
of functionalities gi, g2, -gj,- in groups of type B. all
functional groups of a given type are equally reactive and
ring formation does not occur appreciably; which obviously
is not true near the gel point. The system reacts until a
fraction a of the A groups and a fraction /3 of the B groups
have reacted. Further
If each species / has an effective molecular weight Af1-,

which is lower than the original molecular weight by the
term Wo / ; / 2 , where Wo is the molecular weight of the byproduct, then
Now N{mn, Hj) represents the number of moles of that

species which consists of mi, ra2, . . . , m f , . . . monomer
units of the A type combined with n 1, ^ 2 , . . . , rij units of
the B type.
(D5)
The number of molecules of the end of the reaction is,
(Dl)
where
neglecting byproduct,
(D6)
The number-average molecular weight is

(D2)
(D7)
The weight-average molecular weight is
An example will illustrate the use of Eq. (Dl).

Suppose we have the monomers acetic acid (CH3COOH,
A1, /1 = 1) and adipic acid (HOOC(CH 2 ) 4 COOH,
A 2 , /2 = 2) reacting with ethylene glycol (HOCH 2 CH 2 OH,
B i , gi = 2)
and
glycerol
(HOCH2CHOHCH2OH,
B 2 , g2 = 3) (all hydroxyl groups of the glycerol are

considered equally reactive). What is the number of
molecules which contain exactly 1 acetic acid unit, 4
adipic acid units, 3 glycol units, and 2 glycerol units? It is
W{1,4,3,2} and
(D8)
where
(D3)
(D9)
where
(D4)
Simpler expressions for M n and M w are given by Ziegel

et al. (235) for the case when only bifunctional B monomers
are present.
The gel point is
(DlO)
Extensive computations of N{mi,rij}
for the
Z1 = IJ2 = 2 , / 4 , and g2 = 2 have appeared (236).
case
E. REFERENCES
1. L. H. Peebles, Jr., "Molecular Weight Distributions in
Polymers", Interscience, New York, 1971.
2. P. J. Flory, "Principles of Polymer Chemistry", Cornell
University Press, Ithaca, N.Y, 1953.
3. C. H. Bamford, W. G. Barb, A. D. Jenkins, P F. Onyon, "The
Kinetics of Vinyl Polymerization by Radical Mechanisms",
Academic Press, New York, 1958.
4. G. Odian, "Principles of Polymerization", McGraw-Hill,
New York, 1970; 2nd ed., Wiley-Inter science, New York,
1981.
5. F. W. Billmeyer, Jr., "Textbook of Polymer Science", 2nd
ed., Interscience, New York, 1971; 3rd ed., 1984.
6. L. Kuechler, "Polymerisationskinetik", Springer, Berlin,
1951.
7. Kh. S. Bagdasarian, "Theory of Free Radical Polymerization", Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem,
1968.
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Adv. in Chem., 91, Am. Chem. Soc, Washington, DC, 1969,
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(1955).
11. L. H. Peebles, Jr., J. T. Clarke, W. H. Stockmayer, J. Am.
Chem. Soc, 82, 4780 (1960).
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19. M. Litt, J. Polym. Sci. A-2, 8, 2105 (1970).
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22. A. A. Korotkov, S. R Mitsengendler, V. N. Krasulina, J.
Polym. Sci., 53, 217 (1961).
23. D. O. Jordan, A. R. Mathieson, J. Chem. Soc, 1952, 2358.
(Note: equation 13 et seq. contain errors owing to an
integration error.)
24. H. E. Grethlein, Ind. Eng. Chem. Fund., 8, 206 (1969).
25. J. C. W. Chien, J. Polym. Sci. A, 1, 1839 (1963).
26. J. C. W. Chien, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 81, 86 (1959).
27. S. Katz, G. M. Saidel, Am. Inst. Chem. Eng. J., 13, 319
(1967).
28. C. H. Bamford, Polymer, 6, 63 (1965).
29. M. Inokuti, J. Chem. Phys., 38, 2999 (1963).
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A. V. Tobolsky, C. E. Rogers, R. D. Brinkman, ibid., 82,
1277 (1960).
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H e a t s
C e i l i n g
a n d
E n t r o p i e s
T e m p e r a t u r e s ,
C o n c e n t r a t i o n s ,
o f
o f
E q u i l i b r i u m
a n d
H e t e r o c y c l i c
P o l y m e r i z a t i o n ,
M
P o l y m e r i z a b i l i t y
C o m p o u n d s *
J. L e o n a r d
Departement de Chimie and CERSIM, Universite Laval, Quebec, Canada
A. Heats of Polymerization
11-365
Table 1. Monomers Giving Polymers
Containing Carbon Atoms Only
in the Main Chain
II-365
1.1. With Acyclic Carbons Only
in the Main Chain
II-365
1.1.1. Dienes
M-365
1.1.2. Monomers Giving
Polymers With or
Without Aliphatic Side
Chains that Contain
Only C, H
M-365
Polymers With Aliphatic
Side Chains that Contain
Heteroatoms
II-368
Polymers With Aromatic
Side Chains that Contain
Only C, H
11-371
Side Chains and that
Contain Heteroatoms 11-371
1.2. With Aromatic or Cyclic
Carbons in the Main Chain
II-372
Containing Heteroatoms in the
Main Chain
II-373
2.1. Monomers Giving Polymers
Containing O in the Main
Chain, Bonded to Carbon
Only
II-373
2.1.1. Ethers and Acetals
M-373
2.1.2. Cyclic Esters
II-376
2.2.
Monomers Giving Polymers

Chain, Bonded to other
Heteroatoms (S, Si, P)
Containing S in the Main
Chain, Bonded in the Chain
to Carbon Only
Containing N in the Main
to Carbon Only
Chain, Bonded to other
Heteroatoms (P)
2.6. Other Monomers Giving
Polymers not Listed Above
Table 3. Copolymers
B. Entropies of Polymerization
Containing Main Chain Carbon
Only
4.1. Main Chain Acyclic Carbon
Only
4.1.1. Dienes
Polymers Without or
With Aliphatic Side
Chains that Contain
Only C, H
Polymers With
Aliphatic Side Chains
that Contain
Heteroatoms
*Based on the tables compiled for the third edition, by W.K. Buslield, School of Sciences Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.
11-377
II-378
II-378
II-379
II-379
II-380
11-381
II-382
II-382
II-382
II-382
II-384

Side Chains that
Contain Only C, H
II-385
Polymers With
Aromatic Side Chains
that Contain
Heteroatoms
II-385
4.1.6. Other Monomers
Giving Polymers not
Listed Above
11-386
4.2. With Aromatic or Cyclic
Carbons in the Main Chain
11-386
Main Chain
11-387
Only
II-387
5.1.1. Ethers and Acetals
II-387
5.1.2. Cyclic Esters
II-390
Chain, Bonded to Other
Heteroatoms (S, Si, P)
11-391
to Carbon Only
11-391
II-392
Table 6. Copolymers
II-392
C. Ceiling Temperatures and Equilibrium Monomer
Concentrations
II-393
1. Equilibria Involving Pure Liquid Monomers II-394
Containing Main Chain Acyclic
Carbon Only
II-394
Main Chain
II-395
Only
II-395
Heteroatoms (S, P, Si)
II-396
Chain, Bonded in the Chain to

Carbon Only
Chain, Bonded in the Chain to
Carbon Only
2. Equilibria Involving Gaseous Monomers
3. Equilibria Involving Monomers in Solution
Containing Main Chain Carbon
Only
Containing Main Chain
Acyclic Carbon Only
Containing Main Chain
Cyclic Carbon
Main Chain
Only
Heteroatoms (Si, P)
to Carbon Only
to Carbon Only
Table 11. Copolymers
11.1. 1:1 Copolymers
11.2. General Copolymers
D. Polymerizability of 5-, 6-, and 7-Membered
Heterocyclic Ring Compounds
Table 12. 5-Membered Ring Compounds
Table 15. Comparison of Polymerizability
of Unsubstituted 5-, 6- and
7-Membered Ring Compounds
E. Notes
F. References
II-396
II-397
II-397
II-397
II-398
II-398
II-398
II-399
II-399
II-399
II-400
II-400
II-400
11-401
11-401
11-401
11-401
II-402
II-403
II-404
II-405
M-406
II-407
A.
HEATS OF POLYMERIZATION
Symbols: The subscripts xx to A// denote the state of the monomer (first letter) and the state of the polymer (second letter), as follows:
g
c
c'
1
s
Gaseous state (hypothetical in case of polymer)

Condensed amorphous state
Crystalline or partially crystalline state
Liquid state
In solution; solvent specified in the sixth column (Is denotes polymer dissolved in monomer).
For emulsion polymerization the subscript Ic is used and a note added in the sixth column. In all cases where monomer or polymer is present in solution
etc., the value of AH will depend on the composition to some extent. Where the polymer is crystalline, AH will depend on the degree of crystallinity. AH
values are in kJ per mol of monomer and are generally the limiting values for high degree of polymerization n [1 kcal = 4.187 kJ]. Where more than one
value is available in the literature for given states of monomer and polymer and a given method, only one value is shown in the tables. This corresponds to
one of the references indicated N1- refers to the ith note given at the end of the table.
Example: C 2 H 4 (g) -> ( 1 / ^ ) ( C 2 H 4 ) J g ) ,
AHgg = -93.5kJ
Precision: generally 0.5-4.0 kj/mol (for details see Ref. 1).

Methods of determination: These are summarized below, using the numbering system in Ref. 1.
2
3
4a
4b
5
Combustion of monomer or polymer or both.

Reaction calorimetry.
Thermodynamic (van't Hoff Equation).
Semiempirical rules applied to evaluate heat of formation of polymer or monomer or both. Such rules may be found in Refs. 25,143,223,224,335.
Heat capacity and heat of transition (Kirchhoff's equation).
TABLE 1. MONOMERS GJVING POLYMERS CONTAINING CARBON ATOMS ONLY IN THE MAIN CHAIN
Monomer
1.1.
State of monomer
-AZZxx
Temp.
and polymer (xx)
(kj/mol)
(0C)
73
78
73
68
59
70.5
75
71
65.5
25
25
25
61.3
- 70
25
25
74.5
34.6
Method
Solvent/Notes
Refs.
WITH ACYCLIC CARBONS ONLY IN THE MAIN CHAIN
1.1.1. DIENES
1,3-Butadiene
Chloroprene
Cyclopentadiene
Isoprene
gg
gg
Ic
Ic
ss
gg
Ic
Is
Is
4b
4b
2
3
3
4b
2
3
3
1:2 Polymerization
1:4 Polymerization
Ni
Methylene chloride
N2
10
10
45
41
190
10
46
15
47
1.1.2 MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS WITH OR WITHOUT ALIPHATIC SIDE CHAINS THAT CONTAIN ONLY C, H
1.1.2.1. Olefins (listed by increasing carbon number)
Ethylene
Propene
gg
gc'
gc'
gc
c'c'
c'c
gc'
gc
gc'
gc
gc'
gc
gl
gg
gc7
Ic
sc
93.5
108.5
107.5
101.5
173
169
212
209
212
209
211
204
198
86.5
104
84
69
25
25
25
25
-173
-173
173
173
25
25
127
127
227
25
25
25
-78
4b
2
3
2
5
5
5
5
4b
4b
5
5
5
4b
2
4b
3
A#fUS (Polymer) taken as 5.0

Polymer is poly(l-butene), iso
n-Butane
2
2,3
183
2,4
385
385
385
385
385
385
385
385
385
5
3
5
6
TABLEI.
cont'd
Monomer
1-Butene
2-Butene, cis
2-Butene, trans
Isobutene
1-Pentene
-, 4-methyl
2-Pentene, cis
State of monomer
and polymer (xx)
gg
Ic
Ic'
Ic
Ic'
Ic
gc'
gc
gc'
gc
gl
gg
Ic
cV
c'c
Ic'
Ic
gc'
gc
gc'
gc
gl
gg
Ic
c'c'
c'c
Ic'
Ic
gc'
gc
gc'
gc
gl
gc
Ic
ss
ss
c'c'
c'c
Ic'
Ic
Ic'
Ic
gl
gl
c'c'
c'c
Ic'
Ic
Ic'
Ic
gc'
gc
gcf
gc
gl
gg
c'c'
c'c
Ic'
Ic
Ic'
Ic
-AHx x
(kj/mol)
86.5
83.5
78
74
83
79
108
103
107
99
94
80
75
63
59
75
71
101
96
99
92
86
75.5
71
57
54
71
67
96
91
96
89
83
72
48
53.5
54
84
81
95
93
99
95
117
113
82
79
93
90
97
95
124
117
122
112
105
80.5
75
72
87
85
91
87
Temp.
(0C)
25
25
-173
-173
-73
- 73
25
25
127
127
227
25
25
-173
-173
-73
-73
25
25
127
127
227
25
25
-173
-173
-73
- 73
25
25
127
127
227
25
25
25
-35
-173
-173
-73
-73
25
25
127
227
-173
-173
-73
-73
25
25
127
127
227
227
327
25
-173
-173
-73
-73
25
25
Method
4b
4b
5
5
5
5
4b
4b
5
5
5
4b
4b
5
5
5
5
4b
4b
5
5
5
4b
4b
5
5
5
5
4b
4b
5
5
5
2
2
?
3
5
5
5
5
2,4b
2,4b
5
5
5
5
5
5
4b
4b
5
5
5
5
5
4b
5
5
5
5
2,4b
2,4b
Solvent/Notes
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
polymer
polymer
polymer
polymer
polymer
polymer
polymer
polymer
polymer
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
polymer
polymer
polymer
polymer
polymer
polymer
polymer
polymer
polymer
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
polymer
polymer
polymer
polymer
polymer
polymer
polymer
polymer
polymer
Low polymer
Solvent? low polymer
CH 2 Cl 2 , polymer swollen, N 3
Refs.
5
5
385
385
385
385
385
385
385
385
385
5
5
385
385
385
385
385
385
385
385
385
5
5
385
385
385
385
385
385
385
385
385
7
3,8
8
9
386
386
386
386
386
386
386
386
387
387
387
387
387
387
387
387
387
387
387
10
386
386
386
386
386
386
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer
- , 4-methyl
2-Pentene, trans
-,4-methyl
1-Hexene
1-Heptene
State of monomer
and polymer (xx)
gl
gl
Ic'
Ic
gc'
gc
gc'
gc
gl
gg
c'c'
c'c
Ic'
Ic
Ic'
Ic
gl
gl
Ic'
Ic
gc'
gc
gc'
gc
gl
Ic
gg
1.1.2.2. Cycloalkanes (listed by increasing ring size)

Cyclopropane
Ic
-,methylIc
-, 1,1-dimethylIc
Cyclobutane
Ic
-,methylIc
-, 1,1-dimethylIc
Cyclopentane
Ic
-,methylIc
- 1,1-dimethylIc
Cyclohexane
Ic
-,methylIc
- , 1,1-dimethylIc
Cycloheptane
Ic
Cyclooctane
Ic
Cyclononane
Ic
Cyclodecane
Ic
Cycloundecane
Ic
Cyclododecane
Ic
Cyclotridecane
Ic
Cyclotetradecane
Ic
Cyclopentadecane
Ic
Cyclohexadecane
Ic
Cycloheptadecane
Ic
1.1.2.3. Cycloalkenes
Cyclobutene
Cyclopentene
11
gl
Ic
c ;(I)c
Ic
Ic
c'(I)c
Ic
Ic
Ic
-AHx x
(kj/mol)
Temp.
(0C)
109
105
90
88
118
111
116
114
100
75.5
70
68
83
81
87
83
106
103
86
83
115
107
113
103
97
83
86
127
227
25
25
127
127
227
227
327
25
-173
-173
-73
-73
25
25
127
227
25
25
127
127
227
227
327
25
25
113
105
97.5
105
100
93.5
22
17
13.5
-3
-9
-7.5
21.5
34.5
47
48
45
14
22
7
12
8
8.5
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
121
145
17.5
11
16
15
23
19
18
18
25
25
25
-173
-73
25
-173
-73
25
77
Method
Solvent/Notes
5
5
4b
4b
5
5
5
5
5
4b
5
5
5
5
2,4b
2,4b
5
5
4b
4b
5
5
5
5
5
4b
4b
Refs.
386
386
387
387
387
387
387
387
387
10
386
386
386
386
386
386
386
386
387
387
387
387
387
387
387
5
5
2
4b
4b
2
4b
4b
2
4b
4b
2
4b
4b
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
11
11
11
12
11
11
12
11
11
12
11
11
12
12
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
2,4b
2,4b
2
5
5
2,4b
5
5
2,4b
5
ds-Polybutadiene
ds-Polybutadiene
N 66
cw-Polymer
cw-Polymer
ds-Polymer
frans-Polymer
rrans-Polymer
fraws-Polymer
toms-Polymer
388
388
361
388
388
388
388
388
388
388
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer
State of monomer
and polymer (xx)
Cyclopentadiene
Cyclohexene
Cycloheptene
ss
ss
C7CIII)C
C7CIII)C'
C7CII)C
C7CII)C7
Ic
Ic 7
11
c 7 (II)c 7
C7CII)C
c 7 (I)c 7
c 7 (I)c
Ic 7
Ic
11
Cyclooctene
-AHx^
(kj/mol)
59
1
12
18
18
26
18
29
17
18
6
27
19
30
13
13
Temp.
( 0 C)
-173
5
-173
-173
-73
-73
25
25
51
-173
-173
-73
-73
25
25
57
Method
3
4a
5
5
5
5
2,4b
2,4b
5
5
5
5
5
2,4b
2,4b
5
Solvent/Notes
Refs.
Butyl chloride, N 7 0
Toluene, N 7 8
7 0 % trans, 30% ds-Polymer,
7 0 % trans, 3 0 % ds-Polymer,
7 0 % trans, 30% ds-Polymer
7 0 % trans, 3 0 % ds-Polymer
N54
N54
N54
N54
N54
N54
N54
N54
371
389
388
388
388
388
388
388
388
388
388
388
388
388
388
388
1.1.3. MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS WITH ALIPHATIC SIDE CHAINS THAT CONTAIN HETEROATOMS
1.1.3.1. Acrylic Derivatives
Acrolein
Acrylamide
- , N-methylol- , AyV 7 -methylene bisAcrylic acid
- , rc-butyl ester
-,ethyl ester
- , ethylhexyl ester
- , lauryl ester
- , methyl ester
Acrylonitrile
(listed alphabetically)
Ic
ss
ss
ss
Ic
ss?
sc
sc
Ic
Ic
Ic
ss
sc
sc
sc
Ic
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
ss
ss
Ic7
sc7
1.1.3.2. ^-Substituted Acrylic Derivatives (listed alphabetically)

a-Chloroacrylic acid, methyl ester
Ic
a-Cyanoacrilic acid, methyl ether
Ic
- , ethyl ester
c7c
c7c
Ic
Ic
Ic
- , allyl ester
c7c
c7c
c7c
Ic
80
57.5
81.5
81.5
79.4
70.5
60
57.5
74.5
82.7
67
77.5
73.5
72
74.5
78
77
79
76
75.5
78
78
80.7
78.2
80.5
78
81.8
84.5
81
76.5
77.5
52.7
42
28
29
47
53
54
41
42
43
62
74.5
74.5
74.5
74.5
90
74.5
74.5
74.5
190
190
74.5
20
74.5
74.5
74.5
74.5
74.5
74.5
74.5
74.5
74.5
74.5
90
90
30
76.8
80
20
74.5
74.5
74.5
80
60
173
-73
25
127
177
-173
-73
-8
-8
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
Hexane
Water
Water
Acetone
Benzene
Hexane
Water
Benzene
Hexane
Acetone
Butanone
Benzene
Hexane
Ethyl alcohol
Hexane
Benzene
15
17
17
17,14
332
17
17
17
332
332
15
36,37
15
15
15
17,37
17
17
17
17
17
34,37
318
318
352
21,34,37
319
36
34
17,21,38,201
17
3
3
5
5
2
5
5
5
319
354
390
390
390
390
390
391
5
5
5
391
391
391
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer
- , rc-decyl ester
- , allyloxyethyl
Ethacrylic acid, methyl ester

Methacrolein
Methacrylamide
Methacrylic acid
-, benzoic acid ester
- , benzyl ester
-, /i-butyl ester
-, rm-butyl ester
-, cyclohexyl ester
-, 2-ethoxyethyl ester
-, ethyl ester
-, p(N-piperidyl)ethyl ester
-, rc-hexyl ester
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
2-hydroxyethyl ester
2-hydroxypropyl ester
isobutyl ester
isopropyl ester
methyl ester
- , methyl ester
deuterated
- , n-octyl ester
State of monomer
and polymer (xx)
-AH^
(kj/mol)
Temp.
(0C)
Ic
Ic
c'c
c'c
Ic
Ic
cc
Ic
Ic
Ic
Is
Ic
ss
ss
ss
ss
Ic
Ic
ss
ss
ss
sc
c'c
c'c
c'c
ss
11
Ic
Ic
Is
Is
Ic
Is
Ic
Is
Ic
Ic
Is
Ic
Ic
Is
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
64
68
29
29
69
74
41
43
49
51
31
65.5
56
42.5
39.5
35
42.5
64.5
66
56.5
54
57
55
56
59
57
90
56
57.5
60
54.5
51
53
57.5
62
60
59.5
57.5
57
58.5
60
50
50.5
60
60
56
55.5
25
127
-173
-73
25
127
-173
-73
25
57
87
74.5
74.5
74.5
74.5
74.5
74.5
25
20
25
25
74.5
-173
-73
25
77
227
76.8
74.5
26.9
26.9
76.8
26.9
74.5
26.9
120
74.5
26.9
40
25
26.9
25
25
Ic
Is
c'c
c'c
Ic
Ic
ss
ss
ss
ss
55
57.5
34
36
55
56
54
58.5
57.5
58.5
25
26.9
-173
-73
25
77
130
74.5
74.5
74.5
2
3
5
5
5
3
4a
3
3
3
c'c
c'c
Ic
Ic
Ic
33
35
55
57
57
-173
-73
25
77
65
5
5
5
3
3
74.5
130
74.5
Method
2,4b
5
5
5
2,4b
5
5
5
2,4b
5
4a
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
3
3
3
3
5
5
5
2,3
5
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4a
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4a
3
Solvent/Notes
Water
Chloroform
Acetone
Benzene
Water
Water
Dimethylformamide, N 7
Methanol, N 5
1,4 Dioxane
N6
Emulsion (aq.)
Emulsion (aq.)
Emulsion (aq.)
o-Dichlorobenzene
Acetonitrile
Tetrahydrofuran
Hexane
Refs.
391
391
392
392
392
392
393
393
393
393
395
15
17
17
17
17
15
206
36
37
203,316
15
394
394
394
394
394
39
34,37,39
14
14
39
14
34
14
40
34,37
14
188
37
14
37
37
34
34
42,43,29
17,34,36,37,
41,201,235
206
14
414
414
414
414
42,29
34
34
34
414
414
414
414
188
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer
- , phenyl ester
- , rc-propyl ester
Methacrylonitrile
State of monomer
and polymer (xx)
-AZZxx
(kj/mol)
Ic
Ic
Ic
ss
51.5
57.5
56.5
64
Ic?
60
Is
gc
Ic
Ic
Ic
Temp.
(0C)
Method
Solvent/Notes
76.8
74.5
74.5
130
3
3
3
4a
N6
50
N6
74
132
71
111.5
96
74.5
25
25
25
74.5
3
2
4b
2
3
Ic
Is
ss
ss
ss
Ic
Ic
88
89.5
90
86.5
86
86
88
74.5
25
74.5
74.5
74.5
74.5
74.5
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
Is
Ic
ss
77.5
88
91
74.5
20
20
3
2
3
Benzonitrile
Refs.
39
34
15
44,29
LlJJ. Vinyl Ethers

Vinyl n-butyl ether
1.1.3.4. Vinyl Alcohol, Ketones, Halogens
Vinyl alcohol
Methyl vinyl ketone
Vinyl chloride
1.1J.5. Vinyl Esters

Vinyl acetate
Vinyl propionate
Vinyl 2-ethylhexoate
7.7.3.6. Others (listed alphabetically)
AUyI chloride
Ethylene, nitro
- , tetrafluoroFumaric acid, diethyl ester
Itaconic acid, dimethyl ester
Maleic anhydride
Maleimide
- , phenyl
a-Methylene pentanolactone
Vinyl cyclohexane
Vinylidene chloride
N-Vinyl succinimide
see Acetaldehyde
gg
gc7
Ic'
Ic
ss
Is
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
c'c'
c'c
Ic'
Ic
Ic'
Ic
Ic'
Ic
Ic'
Ic'
Ic'
c'c'
c'c
Ic'
Ic
Ic'
Ic
gc'
gc
gc'
gc
Is
155
172
163 1 7
65
60.5
59
67.5
89.5
88.5
87.5
37
38.8
88
68
100
79
105
85
111
86
60
75.5
73
67
56
77
66
81
70
108
97
107
95
54.7
25
25
25
100
26.9
74.5
74.5
74.5
74.5
74.5
55
83
-173
-173
-73
-73
25
25
127
127
76.8
25
74.5
-173
-173
-73
-73
25
25
25
25
127
127
97
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4a
4a
5
5
5
5
2,4b
2,4b
5
5
3
2
3
5
5
5
5
2
2
2
5
5
5
3
Atffus (Monomer) taken as 20
Acetone
Hexane
Benzene
Dimethylformamide,
tetrahydrofuran
o-Dichlorobenzene
Chlorobenzene
Dioxane
Acetonitrile
Dimethylformamide
DMF, N 78 , N 75
DMF
216
195
17
18.19,20
10
18
215
17,34,21
35
17
17
17
17,34
34
15
214
214
22
22,23
1
235
14
15
24
24
24
24
440
315
396
396
396
396
396
396
396
396
21
18
15
397
397
397
397
397
397
397
397
397
397
384
TABLE 1. cont'd
Monomer
State of monomer
and polymer (xx)
-AZZxx
(kj/mol)
Temp.
(0C)
Method
Solvent/Notes
Refs.
1.1.4. MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS WITH AROMATIC SIDE CHAINS THAT CONTAIN ONLY C, H (listed alphabetically)
Acenaphthalene
Acenaphthylene
Biphenyl, p-isopropenylIndene
- , 5-methyl- , 6-methyl-, 7-methyl-, 4,6-dimethyl-, 4,7-dimethyl-, 5,6-dimethyl- , 4,5,6,7-tetramethylNaphthalene, 2-isopropenylStyrene
- a-acetoxy
- , o-chloro-,p-chloro-, 2,5-dichloro-, ar-ethyl-,a-methyl-
- , a-methyl, p-tert-buty\- , 2,4,6-trimethyl-
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
c'c
ss
ss
ss
87.8
84.8
98.5
67
67
82
43
34
58
0
18
26.9
74.5
74.5
26.9
60
-15
- 30
3
3
3
3
3
3
4a
4a
3
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
gg
Ic
Ic
Ic
Is
Is
ss
ss
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
Ic
58
57.5
58.5
77.5
65
79
75
36.5
38
74.5
70
68.5
73
73
73
66.5
26
68.5
67
69
68
35
34.5
39
33.5
47.7
15
14
29.7
70
- 50
-60
-70
-40
-40
- 40
-40
5
10
25
25
26.9
127
25
26.9
-60
64
76.8
76.8
76.8
76.8
25
-20
25
-20
22
-10
-10
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4a
4a
4b
2
3
4a
2
3
3
4a
3
3
3
3
2
4a
26.9
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
3
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
o-Dichlorobenzene
6>-Dichlorobenzene
Benzene
Toluene, N 78 , N 75
Tetrahydrofuran
Methylene chloride indep. of
7 [ - 7 O 0 to 10]
Methylene chloride
Methylene chloride
Methylene chloride
Methylene chloride
Methylene chloride
Methylene chloride
Methylene chloride
Tetrahydrofuran
Toluene, N 7 8
320
320
14
15
15
14
399
16
190
175
175,169
175,169
175
175
175
175
16
400
25
26
14,17,27,201,235
28,29
26
14
Methylene chloride
30,190
Toluene, N 7 8 , N 7 5
401
27
27
27
27
31
32,29
N9
123
Tetrahydrofuran
32,29,33,16
Cyclohexane
341
rc-Heptane,
N78
402
Toluene, N 7 8
402
Solvent and temp, not stated
381
14
1.1.5. MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS WITH AROMATIC SIDE CHAINS AND THAT CONTAIN HETEROATOMS
2-Amino-4-alkyl/aryl-amino-6-isopropenyl-1,3,5-triazine,
R 1 = H , R 2 = ethyl
Is
R 1 = H , R i = propyl
Is
R i = ethyl, R 2 = ethyl
,
Is
R i = p r o p y l , R 2 = propyl
Is
R i = methyl, R 2 = phenyl
Is
R i = methyl, R 2 = phenyl
Is
R i = H, R 2 = p-methoxyphenyl
Is
R i = H, R 2 = p-methoxyphenyl
Is
2-Amino-4-(7V-R. anilino)-6-isopropenyl-1,3,5-triazine
R = -alkyl = -propyl
Ic
= w-hexyl
Ic
= n-octyl
Ic
=
rc-decyl
Ic
= n-dodecyl
Ic
= -tetradecyl
Ic
= n-hexadecyl
Ic
R = alkyl = isopropyl
Ic
= isobutyl
Ic
= sec-butyl
Ic
64.8
63.5
53.9
47.7
50.2
53.1
50.2
46.8
46
43
42
41
41
40
39
44
44
43
170
160
161
153
140
150
160
160
3
3
3
3
3
4a
3
4a
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
N65
N65
N65
N65
370
370
370
370
379
379
378
378
403
403
403
403
403
403
403
404
40
404
TABLE 1.
cont'd
Monomer
State of monomer
and polymer (xx)
= n-pentyl
= isopentyl
= 1-methylbutyl
R = benzyl
R = chloro
R = -4-methoxyR = -4-ethoxy2-Anilo-4-R-6-isopropenyl-1,3,5-triazine
R = methoxy
R = ethoxy
Atropic acid, methyl ester
Atroponitrile
Benzoic acid, w-methacryloyloxy- , v i n y l ester
Carbazole, JV-vinyl2,4-Hexadiyne-l,6-di(R group)
R = -SO3C6H4CH3(p)
R = -NHC 6 H 3 (NO 2 ) 2 (2,4posn.)
R =-SO3C6H4NNC6H5(P)
R =-OCONHCH2COOH
Oxazole, 2-isopropenylPyridine
- , 2-isopropenyl- , 2-vinyl-
- , 4-vinylSilane, benzyl dimethyl vinyl-
- , dimethyl phenyl vinyl- , trimethyl vinylAWV',N'-Tetraethyl-4-isopropenylphenylphosphonous diamide

Thiazole, 2-isopropenyl/7-[bis(Trimethylsilyl)methyl]isopropenylbenzene
1.2.
-AHxx
(kj/mol)
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Is
Is
Is
44
43
42
44
11
14
14
Is
Is
ss
ss
Ic
Ic
sc'
ss
Temp.
( 0 C)
Method
Solvent/Notes
Refs.
60
60
60
60
170
183
182
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
404
404
404
404
405
406
406
12
12
28
39
59
84.5
63.5
94.9
174
174
-40
50
25
74.5
74.5
0
3
3
4b
4b
2
3
3
3
406
406
149
149
363
34
15
321
c'c'
c'c'
c'c'
152.6
77.5
138
187
135
140
3
3
3
C'C'
130
137
Toluene, N i 0
Toluene, N i 0
Hexane
Dichloromethane
372
373
374
375
ss
39.5
20
4a
Tetrahydrofuran
284
ss
ss
Ic
Is
sc
Ic
ss
c'c'
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
ss
26
40
71.5
75.5
73.5
78
78
48.2
66.7
67.1
56.5
65.8
27
20
-15
74.5
74.5
74.5
74.5
74.5
-73
25
77
25
25
-55
4a
4a
3
3
3
3
3
2
3
3
3
3
4a
Tetrahydrofuran
Toluene, N 7 8
N62
N62
N62
N62
Tetrahydrofuran
284
407
15
15
15
17
17
355
366
366
362
367
408
ss
ss
28.5
30
20
30
4a
4a
Tetrahydrofuran
Tetrahydrofuran
284
409
Benzene
Benzene, hexane
WITH AROMATIC OR CYCLIC CARBONS IN THE MAIN CHAIN
11,12-Dicyano-2,6-naphtoquinodimethane
ll,12-bis(alkylthio)
alkyl = butyl
= s-butyl
= isopropyl
= ethyl
= methyl
, 7,8-Dicyanoquinodimethane
7,8-bis(butoxycarbonyl)7,8-diacetyl7,8-dibenzoyl7,8-dibutoxycarbonyl7,8-diisobutyryl7,8-dipropionyl7,8-bis(ethylthio)7,8-bis(phenylacetyl)7,8-bis(phenylthio)Norbornylene
5-Trimethylsilyl-2-
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
67
59
65
69
70
30
30
30
30
30
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
Oligomer,
Oligomer,
Oligomer,
Oligomer,
Oligomer,
benzene,
benzene,
benzene,
benzene,
benzene,
N78,
N78,
N78,
N78,
N78,
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
c'(II)c
c'(I)c
c'(I)c
Ic
c'c
cc
26
25
22
26
23
24
23
25
23
56
62
62
65
38
40
60
55
55
55
55
55
60
55
50
-173
-73
25
57
-173
173
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
5
5
4b
5
5
5
Chloroform, N 7 8 , N 8 1
Chloroform, N 7 8 , N 8 i
Chloroform, N 7 8 , N 8 i
55% cis/45% trans Polymer,
55% c/s/45% trans Polymer,
Overcooled monomer
N 8o
N 8o
N 8o
N80
N 8o
410
410
410
410
410
N54
N54
N54
N54
411
412
412
412
413
413
411
413
411
415
415
415
415
416
416
TABLE 1.
cont'd
State of monomer
and polymer (xx)
Monomer
Af-7,7-Triacyanobenzoquinonemethideimine
TABLE 2.
39
46
52
55
22
Temp.
(0C)
-73
73
25
107
55
Method
5
5
4b
5
4a
Solvent/Notes
Overcooled monomer
Toluene N7g, Ng 2
Refs.
416
416
416
416
438
MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS CONTAINING HETEROATOMS IN THE MAIN CHAIN
Monomer
2.1.
c'c
cc
Ic
Ic
ss
-AZZxx
(kj/mol)
State of monomer
and polymer (xx)
-AH^x
(kj/mol)
Temp.
(0C)
Method
Solvent/Notes
Refs.
MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS CONTAINING O IN THE MAIN CHAIN, BONDED TO CARBON ONLY
2.1.1. ETHERS AND ACETALS (listed by increasing ring size of monomer)

2-RINGS (aldehydes and ketones)
Acetaldehyde
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
bromochlorofluorobromodichlorobromodifluorodibromochlorodibromofluorodichlorofluorodifluorochlorotribromotrichloro-
- , trifluoro-
Acetone
Butanal
4,7-Dioxaoctanal
Formaldehyde
Heptanal
Ic
Ic'
Ic
c'c
Ic
Ic
sc'
sc'
sc'
sc'
sc'
sc'
sc'
sc'
gc'
gc'
gc
Ic'
Ic'
Ic'
Ic'
Ic
Ic'
cc'
ss
sc'
sc'
sc'
gc
Ic
sc
sc'
gg
gc
Ic
Ic
sc
sc
Ic
ss
gc'
0
25
64.5
25
62.5
25
31
-173
34
-73
36
25
36.0
31.2
43.4
26.0
29.0
56.2
51.0
19.6
71 8
50
65.5
-50
5 1 - 5 0
17
57
38 8
50
34
25
34.5
-50
20
-50
30
-73
25
-173
14.5
-50
33.5
13
39
10
37.8
64.5
45
47
25
50.8
25
54.9
-12
25
10
25
-25
25
20.5
20
35.5
18
21.5
20
15.9
-80
16.7
-80
66
25
gc'
c'c'
c'c
55
25
2 0 - 1 7 3
10
-173
4b
Nn
2
To poly(vinyl alcohol)
2
To poly(vinyl alcohol)
5
5
2,4b
4a
Toluene, N74
4a
Toluene, N74
4a
Toluene, N74
4a
Toluene, N74
4a
Toluene, N 7 4
4a
Toluene, N74
4a
Toluene, N74
4a
Toluene, N74
4a
4a
4a
5
4a
3
4a
4a
5
5
4a
Tetrahydrofuran
4a
Pyridine
4a
n-Heptane
4a
Toluene, N 7 4
4a
4a
Dichloromethane
4a
Dichloromethane
4a
Toluene, N 7 4
4b
4b
4b
3
4a
-Hexane (9 kbar), Ni 2
3
rc-Hexane
(1 bar, IM), N i 2
4a
N69
4a
THF
4a
Nn
2
5
5
48
195
195
417
417
417
233
344
344
344
344
344
344
344
50
166
166
418
50
418
166
166
418
418
167
50
166
344
129
322
322
344
234
144,148
48,234
161
161
161
330
330
49,164,
165,132
7,49
419
419
TABLE 2.
cont'd
Monomer
Hexanal
Octanal
4-Oxapentanal
Pentanal
0-Phthalaldehyde
Propanal
- 2,2-dichloro-, 2-chloro, 2-methyl-, 2-methyl-
State of monomer
and polymer (xx)
c'c'
c;c
Ic(I)
Ic
11
c'c'
c'c
c'c'
c'c
11
11
Ic
sc
Ic
Is
Ic
sc
ss
c'c'
c'c
Ic'
Ic
Ic'
Ic
Ic'
Ic
gc
Ic
ss
gc
Ic
ss
gc
Ic
ss
ss
ss
-A/^
(kj/mol)
Temp.
(0C)
22
-73
8 - 7 3
39
25
33
25
36
97
8 - 1 7 3
7 - 1 7 3
12
-73
1 0 - 7 3
27
25
28
67
14.7
-75
14.2
-75
19.7
-80
20.1
-80
22.7
-75
22.2
-75
22
-70
5 - 1 7 3
2 - 1 7 3
15
-73
12
-73
19
25
14
25
21
57
15
57
50
-65
20.5
-65
1 7 - 6 5
47
- 65
19.5
-65
19.5
-65
46
- 65
16
-65
15.5
-65
16.5
-65
22
-65
Method
Solvent/Notes
Refs.
5
5
3
3
5
5
5
5
5
3
5
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
5
5
5
5
3
3
5
5
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
419
419
N 77
419
419
419
420
420
420
420
420
420
N69
330
THF
330
N69
329
329
N69
328
THF
328
Dichloromethane, cyclopolymer
154
421
421
421
421
421
421
421
421
172
172
Tetrahydrofuran
172
172
172
Tetrahydrofuran
172
166
166
Tetrahydrofuran
167,172
Diethyl ether
166
rc-Pentane
166
422
14
168
306
306
51
14,52
14
14
3-RINGS
Cyclohexene oxide
Ethylene oxide
Propylene oxide
Styrene oxide
- , 3-nitro-
Ic
gg
gc'
gc
Ic'
Ic
gg
Ic
Ic
97
104
140
127.3
102.4
94.5
75.5
101.5
101
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
26.9
26.9
2
4b
3
2
2
2
4b
3
3
gc
Ic
ss
Ic
ss
ss
81.8
51.4
81
84.5
67.5
83.5
25
25
9
26.9
-9
26.9
4a
4a
3
3
3
3
gg
gc
gc
Ic
Ic
Ic
26
50
52.0
24
17
15
20
25
57
100
90
25
4b
4a
4a
4b
4a
4a
4-RINGS
Oxetane
- , 3,3-di(chloromethyl)- , 3,3-dimethyl- 3,3-di(phenoxymethyl)-
Chloromethane + chloroethane
o-Dichlorobenzene
325
325
53
14
53
14
N60
Ni 4
N 69 , N 78
Nn
54
292
353
198
437
292
N 17
Chloromethane + chloroethane
5-RINGS
1,3-Dioxolane
TABLE 2. cont'd
Monomer
-, 4-ethyl- , 4,4-dimethyl-, as-4,5-dimethyl- , tmns-4,5-dimethy\- , 4-isopropyl- , 4-methyltams-7-Oxabicyclo[4.3.0]nonane

7-Oxa-bicyclo[2.2. l]heptane,
2-alkylR= H
R = exo-CH3
R = endo-CH3
Tetrahydrofuran
- , 3-methyl-
State of monomer
and polymer (xx)
- A / f xx
(kj/mol)
Temp.
(0C)
Method
Ic
Is
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
23
6.5
22
27
15
17.5
8
13.0
9.6
12.1
7.5
12.1
13.4
14.0
40
55
0
20
30
70
75
-24
80
80
80
80
-8
4a
4a
4a/3
4a
4a
3
4a
4a
4b
4b
4b
4b
4a
Ic
Ic
Ic
gg
gg
gc
gc
Ic'
Ic'
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Is
ss
Is
44.3
49.7
45.4
21
12
39.5
47.1
29.6
38
18.6
7.5
12.5
15
25.5
23
23
22.6
25
25
25
20
25
25
50
25
25
25
25
50
30
25
40
40
-6
2
2
2
4b
4b
4a
4a
2
2
2
4a
4a
4a
2
4a
4a
4a
gg
Is
gg
sc'
sc'
sc'
sc'
sc'
c'c'
c'c'
c'c'
c'c'
0
-4
1.5
17.5
26.5
19.5
12.5
21.5
6
11.5
4.5
5.5
20
20
20
40
58
30
30
30
30
58
25
25
4b
4a
4b
4a
3
3
4a
3
3
3
4a
2
Solvent/Notes
N 15
Dichloromethane
Chloroethane
Benzene
Dichloromethane
Toluene, N 78
N 61
N 17
N 16
Diethyl ether
Refs.
159
219
133,159,220
293
134
220
423
333
335
335
335
335
334
357
308
308
308
55
56
292
353
358
56,57
358
292
130
231
140,208
57,58,211
211
342
6-RINGS
m-Dioxane
/j-Dioxane
Tetrahydropyran
Trioxane
N 78
1,2-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethane
Dichloromethane
Nitrobenzene
Nitrobenzene
N 18
N 19
54,59,60
436
55,56,59
178
212
182,202
182
202
202
212
164
see 202
7-RINGS
1,3-Dioxepane
- 2-butyl
-, 4-methyl-, 2-methyll-Oxa-4,5dithiepane
gg
gc
Ic
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
Ic
ss
ss
19.5
20
53.9
25
13.0
25
12
75
13.5
60
14
0
15
-30
7 - 5
9.3
-15
8.8
-15
9 - 1 0
7.5
9
8
26.9
26.9
26.9
4b
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a/3
4a
4a
4a
4a
N 17
Toluene, N 78
Benzene
1,2-Dichloroethane, N 78
Dichloromethane
1,2-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethane
3
3
3
Dioxane
Benzene
54
323
323
423
134,87
424
136
424
339
340
424
61
61
61
TABLE 2. cont'd
Monomer
Oxepane
State of monomer
and polymer (xx)
AHXX
(kj/mol)
Temp.
(0C)
Method
Solvent/Notes
Refs.
gc
Ic
38.6
-1.7
25
25
4a
4a
ss
gg
gc
Ic
sc'
c'c'
c'c'
gc
Ic
ss
ss
8
53.5
62.1
18.3
26
3.5
4
62.2
12.0
13
22
10
20
25
25
30
30
25
5
25
20
60
4a
4b
4a
4a
3
3
2
4a
4a
4a
4a
ss
ss
ss
16.7
4.6
00
0
0
4a
4a
4a
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
343
343
343
ss
ss
ss
ss
13.4
3.8
3.8
0
0
0
0
0
4a
4a
4a
4a
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
343
343
343
343
ss
ss
ss
11.3
7.5
0
5
5
5
4a
4a
4a
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
343
343
343
ss
ss
ss
10.5
-2
2.9
-2
0 2
4a
4a
4a
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
343
343
343
Ic
Ic'
Ic'
Ic
75
82
80.5
74
3
3
2/4b
3
368
368
137
368
3
3
3
368
368
368
N 17
323
323
8- AND LARGER RINGS
2-Butyl-l,3,6-trioxocane
1,3-Dioxocane
Tetraoxane
1,3,6-Trioxocane
(1,3,6-Trioxocane) n
n=l
n=2
rc = 3-8
(1,3,6,9-Tetraoxacycloundecane)
n=\
n=2
n=3
n = 4~S
1,3,6,9,12-Pentaoxacyclotetradecane)n
n=\
n=2
n = 3-l
1,3,6,9,12,15-Hexaoxacycloheptadecane)
n=l
n=2
n = 3-5
Toluene, N 78
N 17
Nitrobenzene
N 17
Toluene, N 78
Benzene
425
54
324
324
202
131,202
see 202
324
324
425
134
2.1.2. CYCLIC ESTERS

4-RINGS
P-Propiolactone
25
25
25
127
5-RINGS
y-Butyrolactone
Ic
Ic'
Ic
-5
7
-6
25
25
77
c'(II)c'(II)
c'(II)c
c'(II)c'(H)
c'(II)c
Ic'(I)
11
c'c'
c'c
c'c'
c'c
c'c'
c'c
11
c'c
c'c
c'c
c'c
7 - 1 7 3
-9
-173
7
25
-8
25
18
117
12
147
21
-173
6 - 1 7 3
21
-73
6 - 7 3
21
25
4
25
17
127
8.6
-173
9.0
-73
10.1
25
8.3
87
6-RINGS
2,2-Dimethyltrimethylene carbonate
p-Dioxanone
Ethylene oxalate
5
5
4b
4b
5
5
5
5
5
5
2
2
5
5
5
2
5
N 54 , N 63 , N 77
N545N63
N 63 , N 77
N 63
426
426
426
426
426
426
427
427
427
427
427
427
427
312
312
312
312
TABLE 2.
cont'd
Monomer
Glycollide
DL-Lactide
L-Lactide
8-Oxo-7-oxabicyclo[2,2,2]octane
Pentanolactone
State of monomer
and polymer (xx)
-AZJxx
(kj/mol)
Temp.
(0C)
Method
Solvent/Notes
Refs.
Ic
c'c'
cc
Ic
c'c
Ic
ss
ss
c'c'
gc'
Ic'
Ic'
Ic
Ic
20.0
34.0
10.8
31.4
8.7
27.0
25
23
20.9
90.5
34.5
27.5
10.5
9.9
142
25
25
277
25
127
40
105
25
25
25
25
25
77
2
2
2
2
2
2
4a
4a
2
2
2
2
2
3
Ic
Ic'
Ic
ss
17
31
13.7
15
25
25
77
40
3
3
3
4a
Nitrobenzene, N 78
368
368
368
428
ss
ss
ss
11
8
5
4b
4b
4b
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
430
430
430
ss
- 5 0 t o - 1 0 4b
Dichloromethane
430
Nitrobenzene, N 78
1,4-Dioxane, N 78
N53
N53
N53
312
364
364
364
311
311
428
429
307
307
307
314
314
314
7-RINGS
e-Caprolactone
Spiroorthoester
2-R-1,4,6-trioxaspiro[4.6]
undecane
R= H
R = CH 3
R = CH3Br
R = Ph
- 30 to 5
- 5 0 to 5
-35 t o - 5
8-AND LARGER RINGS
Heptanolactone
Octanolactone
Nonanolactone
Decanolactone
Undecanolactone
Dodecanolactone
Tridecanolactone
Tetradecanolactone
Pentadecanolactone
Hexadecanolactone
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic'
Ic
Ic
c'c
c'c'
Ic
Ic
c'c
c'c'
Ic
c'(II)c
Ic
16
19
22
24
28
62
27
17
-2
38
6
2
-10
39
-3
-37
0
127
127
127
127
25
25
127
127
25
25
127
127
25
25
97
-73
127
4b
4b
4b
4b
3
3
3
4b
3
3
3
4b
1
1
1
1
4b
N54
368
368
368
368
368
368
368
368
368
368
368
368
313
313
313
313
368
2.2. MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS CONTAINING O IN THE MAIN CHAIN, BONDED TO OTHER HETEROATOMS (S, Si, P)
Cyclotrisiloxane, 1,1,3,3,5,5-hexaethyl
-, hexamethyl
Cyclotetrasiloxane, octamethylAW-Diethylamino1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane
1,3,2-Dioxaphospholan, 2-methoxy-
c'(IH)c'(II)
c'(II)c'(II)
c'(II)c
c'(I)c'(I)
c'(I)c
11
Is
Ic
Ic
c'c
Ic
Ic
Is
ss
ss
4.6
-173
5 - 7 3
-10
-23
10
-23
1
25
14
25
15
170
14.5
25
23.4
77
2.79
25
-13.4
77
-6.4
25
-6.3
-20
15
14
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4a
N 54 , N 63 , N 77
N 54 , N 63 , N 77
N 54 , N 63
N 54 , N 63 , N 77
N 54 , N 63
N 63
95% Conversion
N 62
N63
N 62
N63
N 58
431
431
431
431
431
431
431
84
365
365
365
365
346
3
4a
Dichloromethane
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
309
309
TABLE 2.
cont'd
Monomer
2-Oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane
- , 2-alkoxyR = methyl
R = methyl
R = ethyl
R = propyl
R = trimethyl silyl
Sulfur trioxide
State of monomer
AH^
Temp.
and polymer (xx)
(kj/mol)
(0C)
Ic
-6.28
90
Method
4a
Solvent/Notes
N59
Refs.
347
Is
2.9
140
4a
Diglyme or DMSO
348
ss
0.8
100
4a
Dichloromethane
356
ss
-1.0
100
4a
Dichloromethane
356
ss
-2.4
100
4a
Dichloromethane
356
ss
-2.7
100
4a
Dichloromethane
356
gc'
56
13
4a
86
Ic'
12.5
25
4a
86
2.3. MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS CONTAINING S IN THE MAIN CHAIN, BONDED IN THE CHAIN TO CARBON ONLY (listed by
increasing ring size) (polysulfones listed under Table 3. Copolymers)
Carbon disulflde
Thiirane
- , 2,2-dimethyl- , c/s-2,3-dimethyl- , frarcs-2,3-dimethyl- , 2-methylThietane

Thioacetone
Thiolane
1,2-Dithiolane
Thiane
oDithiane SS(CH2)3CH2
exo-3,4,5-Trithiatricyclo[5.2.2.02'6]decane
exo-3,4,5-Trithiatetracyclo[5.5.1.02'6.0812]tridec-10-ene
Ic'
gg
Ic
sc'
gg
gg
gg
gg
gg
Is
gg
ss
gg
Ic
23
81
73 4
80 4
70.5
63
5.5
71
80
10.8
7.5
26.5
-2.5
2
2
4b
3
3
4b
4b
4b
4b
4b
4a
4b
4a
4b
3
N20
Various solvents
N20
N20
N20
N20
N20
Monomer
N20
Ethyl alcohol
N20
179
69,70,71
173
173
69,70,71
69,70,71
69,70,71
69,70,71
69,70,71
327
69,70,71
72
69,70,71
14
ss
5.8
40
4a
Toluene, N 7 8
377
ss
6.6
50
4a
Toluene, N 7 8
376
4b
N20
Thiepane
gg
14.5
1,2-Dithiepane SS(CH2)4CH2
lc
10 5
1,2-Dithiocane SS(CH2)5CH2
25
25
20
20
25
25
25
25
25
50-90
25
30
25
26.9
sc
11.5
lc
16
25
26 9
26.9
26 9
-
69,70,71
14
Dioxane
14
14
2.4. MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS CONTAINING N IN THE MAIN CHAIN, BONDED IN THE CHAIN TO CARBON ONLY (listed by
increasing ring size)
2-RINGS
Butylisocyanate
ss
2 4 5 5
4a
Dimethylformamide, N 7 8
432
3-RINGS
Ethyleneimine
-,Ar-(P-trimethylsilylethyl)(TEI)
- , - Z n C l 2 - ( T E I ) 2 (complex)
Ic
Ic
c'c
96.2
119
264
27
27
27
2
2
2
Ic
c'c
115
258
27
27
2
2
ss
Ic
Ic
Ic'
c'c'
Ic
ss
ss
ss
24
4.5
3.5
12
-5.5
3.5
145
104
60
38
75
43
43
25
25
15
30
50
4a
2/4b
3
3
2/4b
4b
3
3
3
360
360
360
4-RINGS
Trimethyleneimine,
- , AKP-trimethylsilylethyl)(TMI)
- , - , Z n C l 2 - (TMI)2(complex)
360
360
5-RINGS
8-Oxa-6-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-7-one
2-Pyrollidinone
- , 1-methylPyrrole
Dimethylsulfoxide, N 7 8
Acetonitrile
Acetonitrile
Acetonitrile
433
62
135
135
63
64
434
434
434
TABLE 2. cont'd
Monomer
State of monomer
and polymer (xx)
-AHx^
(kj/mol)
Temp.
(0C)
Method
Solvent/Notes
Refs.
6-RINGS
2-Piperidone
- , 1-methyl-
Ic
c'c'
Ic
9
4.5
-2
75
25
25
2/4b
2/4b
4b
62
63
64
Ic
Ic
Ic
Is
c'c'
Ic
Is
Is
Is
Is
Ic
Is
Ic
Is
Is
Is
16.3
16
15.5
16.5
12.5
9.5
12.5
16
16.5
14.5
16
11
16
16.5
14.5
14.5
186
75
200
250
25
25
260
240
240
240
75
200
75
225
240
240
3
2
3
4a
2
4b
4a
3
3
3
4b
4a
4b
4a
3
3
310
62
65,135,138
68,67,66
63
64
194
191
191
171
62
225
62
226
191
191
Ic
Ic
cV
Ic
Is
Is
22
22
24
16.5
22
21.5
75
230
25
25
240
240
4b
3
2
4b
3
3
62
138,207
63
64
171
171
Ic
Ic
c'c'
c'c'
c'c'
Ic
Is
10.6
32.5
23.5
11.5
-2
~0
13
186
230
25
25
25
230
290
3
3
2/4b
2/4b
2/4b
3
4a
310
138,189
138
138
138
138,139
139
7-RINGS
8-Caprolactam
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
1-methyl
3-methyl
3-ethyl
3-propyl
4-ethyl
5-methyl
-, 7-methyl
-, 7-ethyl
-, 7-propyl
8-RINGS
2-Oxo-hexamethyleneimine
-, 1-methyl-,4-ethyl-, 7-ethyl9-13-RINGS
Q-Dodecalactam
2-Oxo-heptamethyleneimine
2-Oxo-octamethyleneimine
2-Oxo-nonamethyleneimine
2-Oxo-decamethyleneimine
2-Oxo-undecamethyleneimine
2.5. MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS CONTAINING N IN THE MAIN CHAIN, BONDED TO OTHER HETEROATOMS (P)
Phosphonitrile chloride
-, cyclic trimer
- , cyclic tetramer
-, cyclic pentamer
- , cyclic hexamer
-, cyclic heptamer
gc
Ic
gc
Ic
gc
Ic
gc
Ic
gc
Ic
61
6
68
4
79.5
3.5
88
1.5
96.5
0
230
230
230
230
230
230
230
230
230
230
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
25
60
Linear polymer (carbyne)

Chloroform, N 78 , N 79
187
435
4a
Dichloromethane, N 67
317
2.6. OTHER MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS NOT LISTED ABOVE

Carbon C (graphite)
4,7-bis[Cyano(ethoxycarbonyl)
methylene]-4,7-dihydrobenzofuran
4-(2,3-Diphenyl cyclopropenylidene)cyclohexa-2,5-dienone
1,3-Disilacyclobutane,
1,1,3,3-tetramethylSelenium Se 8
c'c7
ss
ss
Ic
Is
-39.5
21.6
21.2-15
73.9
-9.5
25
400
2
4a
359
85
TABLE 2. cont'd
State of monomer
and polymer (xx)
Monomer
1-Silacyclobutane, 1,1-dimethyl-, 1-phenyl, 1-methylSulfur, S 6
-,S7
-,S8
-,S8
Ic'
Ic
Ic
Is
Is
Is
Is
-AH101
(kj/mol)
Temp.
(0C)
92.7
85.4
91.5
10
4
-19
-13.5
Method
25
25
25
138
138
160
200
Solvent/Notes
2
2
2
2
2
4a
4a
Refs.
359
359
359
380
380
380
73,74
N 72
N 72
Nn
TABLE 3. COPOLYMERS (listed alphabetically under Monomer A) N 2 i
Monomer A
Monomer B
State of
monomer
and polymer
xx
Acrylonitrile
Methacrylic acid,
Methyl ester
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinylidene chloride
Maleic anhydride
sc
ss
ss
ss
sc
ss
Allyl chloride
bis-(0-Aminophenyl)-2,2'
dibenzymidazoleoxide Terephthalic acid
-, dichloride
- , dimethylether
1,3-Butadiene
1-Butene
Styrene
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
-, 3-methyl-
Sulfur dioxide
2-Butene, cis
Sulfur dioxide
- , trans
Sulfur dioxide
Cyclohexene
Cyclopentene
1,3-Dioxane
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
1,3-Dioxolane
Fumaric acid,
diethyl ester
Fumaroyl chloride
Isobutene
Vinyl acetate
Styrene
Styrene, a-methylSulfur dioxide
1-Hexadecene
Sulfur dioxide
1-Hexene
Isopropenyl acetate
Maleic acid,
diethyl ester
Maleic anhydride
Sulfur dioxide
Maleic anhydride
Vinyl acetate
Allyl chloride
Isopropenyl acetate
Styrene
-AH11x
(kj/mol)
74
c'c
c'c
c'c
c'c
c'c
c'c
c'c
c'c
c'c
Ic
24
18
6.5
136
96
83.5
31.5
16.5
5.5
ss
ss
Ic'
Ic
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
44.5
43.5
46
22
42.5
43.5
39.5
40.5
38
45
16
ss?
ss
ss
Ic
Ic
ss
ss
ss
sc
ss?
ss
sc
ss
ss
Temp.
(0C)
25
30.5
20
20
25
74.5
-173
-73
25
-173
-73
25
-173
-73
25
25
Method
3
3
3
3
3
3
Solvent/Notes
Emulsion (aq.)
Emulsion(aq.), N 22
5
5
2
5
5
2
5
5
2
2
Polymer
Polymer
Polymer
Polymer
Polymer
Polymer
Polymer
Polymer
Polymer
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
H 2 O (c')
H2O (c 0
H 2 O (1)
HCl (c')
HCl (g)
HCl (g)
CH3OH (c')
CH3OH (1)
CH3OH (1)
26.9
55
35
25
26.9
25
26.9
25
25
26.9
20
3
4a
4a
4a
3
4a
3
4a
4a
3
4a
Excess B
Excess B
From B-rich mixture
From A-rich mixture
Excess B
Excess B
Excess B
Excess B
Excess B
Excess B
Methylene dichloride,
N 78 A ^ B A = - H
78
80
71.5
31
39.5
42
40
43.5
74.5
76.8
74.5
74.5
25
0
26.9
30
26.9
76.8
3
3
3
2
4a
3
4a
3
3
Excess B, N 22
Hexane
Excess B
83.5
74
74.5
81
82.5
76.8
74.5
76.8
74.5
74.5
3
3
3
s
3
Excess B, N 22
N 23
Chloroform
Chloroform
Excess B
Benzene
Acetonitrile
Refs.
38
76
76,201
76
75
34
445
445
445
445
445
445
445
445
445
45
197
5
77
199,200
199,200
5
5
5
5
78
5
446
79
34
34
82
83
5
80
5
79
79
34
79
34
34
TABLE 3. cont'd
Monomer A
Maleimide
Methacrylic acid
- , methyl ester
Propene
Styrene
- , a-methyl-
Sulfur dioxide
Monomer B
Vinyl rc-butyl ether
Styrene
Styrene, a-methylMethacrylic acid,
methyl ester
Acrylonitrile
Methacrylic acid
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Sulfur dioxide
Acrylonitrile
1,3-Butadiene
Fumaroyl chloride
Maleic anhydride
Maleimide
Methacrylic, acid,
methyl ester
Vinyl acetate
Fumaroyl chloride
Maleic anhydride
Maleimide
Butadiene
1-Butene
- , 3-methyl2-Butene, cis
- , trans
Cyclohexene
Cyclopentene
1-Hexadecene
1-Hexene
Isobutene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl rc-butyl ether

Vinylidene chloride
B.
Propene
Acrylonitrile
Fumaric acid, diethyl ester
Maleic acid, diethyl ester
Maleic anhydride
Methacrylic acid,
methyl ester
Styrene
Maleic anhydride
Acrylonitrile
State of
monomer
and polymer
xx
AHXX
(kj/mol)
Temp.
(0C)
ss
sc
ss
ss
ss
72.5
84.5
90
87.5
72
74.5
76.8
74.5
74.5
74.5
3
3
3
3
3
25
25
30.5
25
24
24
26.9
20
25
74.5
74.5
74.5
74.5
24
2
3
3
2
3
3
3
3
2
3
3
3
3
3
35
74.5
74.5
74.5
3
3
3
3
26.9
55
35
25
26.9
25
26.9
25
25
26.9
26.9
30
26.9
25
0
26.9
20
76.8
76.8
76.8
3
4a
4a
4a
3
4a
3
4a
4a
3
3
4a
3
2
4a
3
3
3
3
3
24
35
74.5
25
3
3
3
3
Ic
sc
ss
Ic
ss
ss
sc
ss
Ic
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
Ic7
Ic
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
Ic
Ic
sc
ss
ss?
ss?
sc
ss
ss
ss
sc
42.5
80
81
82.5
87.5
71.5
72.5
72
44.5
43.5
92
44.5
42.5
43.5
39.5
40.5
38
45
42
40
43.5
31
39.5
42.5
78
83.5
84.5
90
Method
Solvent/Notes
Excess B
Excess B
Benzene
Acetonitrile
Acetonitrile
Emulsion (aq.)
Excess B
Hexane
Benzene
Acetonitrile
Acetonitrile
Excess A
Excess A
Acetonitrile
Excess A
Excess A
From A-rich mixture
From B-rich mixture
Excess A
Excess A
Excess A
Excess A
Excess A
Excess A
Chloroform
Chloroform
Excess A
N24
Excess A
Excess A, N22
Excess A, N 2 2
Excess A
Benzene
Emulsion (aq.), N 2 2
Refs.
34
79
34
34
34
206
38
76
206
81
81
5
76,201
45,
34
34
34
34
81
81
34
34
34
197
5
77
199
199
5
5
5
5
78
5
5
80
5
82
83
5
76
79
79
79
81
81
34
75
ENTROPIES O F P O L Y M E R I Z A T I O N
Symbols: The subscripts to AS0 denote the state of the monomer (first letter) and the state of the polymer (second letter) as in Section A. The standard state
of the monomer is 1 atm for the gaseous state and IM in solution, unless otherwise stated. In all cases where monomer or polymer is present in solution, the
value of AS0 will depend to some extent on the composition. Where the polymer is crystalline, AS0 will depend on the degree of crystallinity. AS values
are in (J/K) per mol of monomer and are generally the limiting values for high degree of polymerization (1 kcal = 4.187kJ).
Precision: generally 0.5-8.0 (J/K/mol)

Methods of determination: (numbering conforms with that in Section A)
1 Third law or statistical.
4a Thermodynamic (van't Hoff Equation).
4b Semiempirical rules applied to evaluate entropy of monomer or polymer or both.
TABLE 4. MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS CONTAINING MAIN CHAIN CARBON ONLY
Monomer
State of monomer
-AS^ x
Temp.
and polymer xx
(J/K/mol)
(0C)
Method
Solvent/Notes
Refs.
4.1. MAIN CHAIN ACYCLIC CARBON ONLY

4.1.1. DIENES
1,3-Butadiene
Isoprene
Ic
Ic
Ic
89
84
101
25
25
25
1
1
1
ds-l,4-Polymer
95,96
97
100,101
4.1.2. MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS WITHOUT OR WITH ALIPHATIC SIDE CHAINS WHICH CONTAIN ONLY C, H
4.1.2.1. Olefins (listed by increasing carbon number)
Ethylene
Propene
1-Butene
2-Butene, cis
c'c'
c'c
gc'
gc
gg
gc
gc
gc1
gc'
gc'
gc
gc'
gc
gl
gg
gc'
gc'
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic'
Ic'
Ic
Ic'
Ic
gg
gc'
gc
Ic
Ic
Ic'
gc'
gc
gl
c'c'
c'c
Ic'
Ic
gg
Ic
gc'
gc
gc'
gc
gl
66
59
338
331
142
155
158
172
174
336
325
334
317
311
167
191
205
113
116
116
136
75
69
114
107
166
213
193
113
112
141
204
187
182
21
14
106
99
163
104
201
190
196
179
172
-173
-173
-73
-73
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
127
127
227
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
-173
-173
-73
- 73
25
25
25
25
25
25
127
127
227
-173
-173
-73
- 73
25
25
25
25
127
127
227
1
1
1
1
4b
4b
1
4b
1
1
1
1
1
1
4b
1
1
4b
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4b
1
1
4b
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4b
4b
1
1
1
1
1
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
poly(-l-butene)
poly(-l-butene)
poly(-1-butene)
poly (-1-butene)
100% Cryst. polymer

Isotactic poly (-1-butene)
Syndiotactic polymer
Isotactic polymer
Isotactic polymer
Atactic polymer
100% Cryst. isotactic
Isotactic polymer
Isotactic polymer
Isotactic polymer
Isotactic polymer
Isotactic polymer
Isotactic polymer
Isotactic polymer
Isotactic polymer
Isotactic polymer
Isotactic polymer
Isotactic polymer
Isotactic polymer
Isotactic polymer
Isotactic polymer
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
polymer
polymer
polymer
polymer
polymer
385
385
385
385
2,87
11
88-91
11
88-91
385
385
385
385
385
5
186
207
5
88
88,92
88,92
385
385
385
385
5
88,385
88,385
5
88
88
385
385
385
385
385
385
385
5
5
385
385
385
385
385
TABLE 4.
cont'd
Monomer
-, trans
Isobutene
1-Pentene
-, 4-methyl
2-Pentene, cis
-,4-methyl
2-Pentene, trans
-,4-methyl
State of monomer
and polymer xx
-ASJ x
(J/K/mol)
Temp.
(0C)
Method
c'c'
c'c
Ic'
Ic
gg
Ic
gc'
gc
gc'
gc
gl
gg
Ic
Ic
17
10
100
93
159
100
195
194
193
175
170
172
112
121
-173
-173
-73
- 73
25
25
25
25
127
127
227
25
25
25
1
1
1
1
4b
4b
1
1
1
1
1
4b
4b
1
c'c'
c'c
Ic'
Ic
Ic'
Ic
gl
gl
c'c'
c'c
Ic'
Ic
gc'
Ic'
Ic
gc'
gc
gc'
gc
gl
c'c'
c'c
Ic'
Ic
Ic'
Ic
gl
gl
Ic'
Ic
gc'
gc
gc'
gc
gl
c'c'
c'c
Ic'
Ic
Ic'
Ic
gl
gl
Ic'
Ic
gc'
gc
gc'
24
20
117
113
133
124
198
190
28
28
111
111
216
131
131
214
200
209
188
176
20
16
114
111
129
120
195
185
134
134
220
205
215
215
183
18
14
111
102
127
118
194
186
130
130
216
202
214
-173
-173
-73
-73
25
25
127
227
-173
-173
-73
-73
25
25
25
127
127
227
227
327
-173
-173
-73
-73
25
25
127
227
25
25
127
127
227
227
327
-173
-173
-73
-73
25
25
127
227
25
25
127
127
227
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Solvent/Notes
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
polymer
polymer
polymer
polymer
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
Isotactic
polymer
polymer
polymer
polymer
polymer
Isotactic polymer
Refs.
385
385
385
385
5
5
385
385
385
385
385
5
5
11,93
386
386
386
386
386
386
386
386
387
387
387
387
196
387
387
387
387
387
387
387
386
386
386
386
386
386
386
386
387
387
387
387
387
387
387
386
386
386
386
386
386
386
386
387
387
387
387
387
TABLE 4. cont'd
State of monomer
and polymer xx
Monomer
1-Hexene
1-Heptene
-ASJJx
(J/K/mol)
Temp.
(0C)
Method
Solvent/Notes
Refs.
gc
gl
Ic
gg
194
182
113
168
227
327
25
25
1
1
4b
4b
387
387
5
5
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
69
85
93
55
72
75
43
64
66
11
32
36
16
3
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
4b
4b
4b
4b
4b
4b
4b
4b
4b
4b
4b
4b
4b
4b
11
87
87
11
87
87
11
87
87
11,87
87
87
11,94
11,94
52
131
17
54
52
47.2
18
56
52
51
17
-7
6
37
56
37
70
36
10
-25
49
8
63
9
9
25
25
-173
-73
25
25
-173
-73
25
77
-65
-173
-173
- 73
-73
25
25
5 1
-173
-173
-73
- 73
25
25
57
4.1.2.2. Cycloalkanes (listed by increasing ring size)

Cyclopropane
- , methyl- , 1,1-dimethylCyclobutane
- , methyl- , 1,1-dimethylCyclopentane
- , methyl- , 1,1-dimethylCyclohexane
-,methyl- , 1,1-dimethylCycloheptane
Cyclooctane
Cycloalkenes
Cyclobutene
11
gl
c'(I)c
Ic
Ic
Ic
c'(I)c
Ic
Ic
Ic
ss
c'(III)c
c '(HI)C'
c'(II)c
c'(II)c'
Ic
Ic'
11
c'(II)c'
c'(1I)C
c'(I)C7
c r(I)c
Ic'
Ic
11
Cyclopentene
Cyclohexene
Cycloheptene
Cyclooctene
1,4b
1,4b
1
1
1,4b
1
1
1
1,4b
1
4b
1
1
1
1
4b
4b
1
1
1
1
1
1,4b
1,4b
1
N25
N25
ds-Polybutadiene
as-Polybutadiene
czs-Polymer
ds-Polymer
ds-Polymer
N66
frans-Porymer
Jra^-Polymer
tarns-Polymer
tarns-Polymer
Toluene, N 7 8
70% trans, 30% cis Polymer, N 5 4
70% trans, 30% cis Polymer
388
388
388
388
388
361
388
388
388
388
389
388
388
388
388
388
388
388
388
388
388
388
388
388
388
4.1.3. MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS WITH ALIPHATIC SIDE CHAINS THAT CONTAIN HETEROATOMS
Acrylonitrile
- , allylester
- , allylloxyethyl
-,
rc-decylester
Ic'
c'c
c'c
c'c
Ic
Ic
Ic
cc
Ic
Ic
Ic
c'c
c'c
109
-6
1
24
97
85
96
16
29
56
60
4
8
25
-173
-73
-8
-8
25
127
-173
-73
25
57
-173
-73
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
193
391
391
391
391
391
391
393
393
393
393
392
392
TABLE 4. cont'd
Monomer
State of monomer
and polymer xx
- , ethylester
Ethacrylic acid
-methyl ester
Ethylene, tetrafluoroMethacrylic acid
- , ethyl ester
- , methyl ester
- , methyl ester deuterated
Methacrylonitrile
Vinylidene chloride
"AS^ x
(J/K/mol)
Temp.
(0C)
Ic
Ic
c'c
C7C
Ic
Ic
Ic
141
155
3
16
88
104
107
25
127
-173
-73
25
127
177
Is
gc'
Ic'
ss
Ic
Ic
c'c
c'c
c'c'
Ic
Ic
ss
c'c
c'c
Ic
Ic
ss
ss
c'c'
c'c
Ic'
Ic
Ic'
Ic
gc'
gc
gc'
gc
105
87
197
-75.7
112
-75.7
146
80
126
120
117
127
9
-173
24.1
-73
40
-63
105
25
115
77
130
127
1 0 - 1 7 3
26
-73
110
25
118
77
151
127
108.8
83
31
-173
25
-173
97
-73
91
-73
112
25
106
25
201
25
195
25
198
127
191
127
Method
Solvent/Notes
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4b
1
1
4b
4a
4a
1
1
1
1
1
4a
1
1
1
1
4a
4a
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Refs.
392
392
390
390
390
390
390
o-Dichlorobenzene
Benzonitrile
DMF
395
98,99
98,99
316
40
42,43,102
414
414
102,103
414
414
42,49
414
414
414
414
44,29
315
397
397
213,397
397
397
397
397
397
397
397
4.1.4. MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS WITH AROMATIC SIDE CHAINS THAT CONTAIN ONLY C, H
Acenaphtylene
Biphenyl,/7-isopropenylNaphthalene, 2-isopropenylStyrene
- , oc-methyl-
-, a-methyl, p-tert-buly\-
ss
ss
ss
ss
gg
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic'
Ic
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
98
118
122
125
149
90
104
116
104
105
112
111
110
130
51
47
163.3
106.6
60
-20
-5
10
25
-23
25
127
127
25
25
25
-20
-20
-10
-10
22
4a
4a
4a
4a
4b
1
1
1
4a
1
1
1
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
Toluene, N 78
Tetrahydrofuran
Tetrahydrofuran
Toluene, N 78
N 26
Isotactic polymer
Tetrahydrofuran
rc-Heptane,
N 78
Toluene, N 78
Cyclohexane
Solvent and temp, not stated
399
16
16
400
25
104
104
104
28
88
105
88
32
32,29,16
402
402
341
381
4.1.5. MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS WITH AROMATIC SIDE CHAINS AND THAT CONTAIN HETEROATOMS
a-Acetoxystyrene
2-Amino-4-(Af-alkalino)-6-isopropenyl-1,3,5-triazine
alkyl = -propyl
isopropyl
isobutyl
ss
83
64
4a
Is
Is
Is
117
114
114
157
151
154
4a
4a
4a
Toluene, N 78
401
402
403
403
TABLE 4. cont'd
Monomer
State of monomer
and polymer xx
sec-butyl
Is
1-methylbutyl
Is
rc-pentyl
Is
isopentyl
Is
rc-hexyl
Is
n-octyl
Is
rc-decyl
Is
rc-dodecyl
Is
rc-tetradecyl
Is
n-hexadecyl
Is
benzyl
Is
2-Amino-4-alkyl/aryl-amino-6-isopropenyl-1,3,5-triazine
Is
Ri = H, R 2 = ethyl
Is
Ri = H, R 2 = propyl
Is
Ri = ethyl, R 2 = ethyl
Is
R 1 = propyl, R 2 = propyl
Ri = methyl, R 2 = phenyl
Is
Ri = H, R 2 = p-methoxyphenyl
Is
Benzoic acid, rc-methacryloyloxyc'c
c'c
crc
11
Oxazole, 2-isopropenyl, 4,5-dimethylss
Pyridine, 2-isopropenylss
Silane, benzyl dimethyl vinylc'c
Ic
Ic
- , dimethyl phenyl vinylIc
- , trimethyl vinylIc
Thiazole, 2-isopropenylss
/7-[bis(Trimethylsilyl)methyl]
isopropenylbenzene
ss
AWV',Ar'-Tetraethyl-4isopropenylphenyl-phosphonous
diamide
ss
-AS^ x
(J/K/mol)
112
111
114
113
112
110
109
109
105
102
113
160.5
153.8
137.5
124.6
131.7
117
-2
5
8
85
96
70
0.7
83.5
107.3
127.5
109.5
69
Temp.
(0C)
148
146
150
151
149
143
140
134
132
130
157
150
145
130
125
150
160
-173
-73
25
227
20
20
-73
25
77
25
25
20
Method
Solvent/Notes
Refs.
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
1,4a
4a
4a
4a
1
1
3
1
1
4a
403
403
403
403
402
402
402
402
402
402
403
Tetrahydrofuran
370
370
370
370
379
378
394
394
363,394
394
284
284
355
366
366
362
367
284
Tetrahydrofuran
Tetrahydrofuran
110
-30
4a
Tetrahydrofuran
409
10
-55
4a
Tetrahydrofuran
408
4.1.6. OTHER MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS NOT LISTED ABOVE
Vinylcyclohexane
4.2.
c'c
c'c
Ic'
Ic
Ic'
Ic
Ic'
Ic
28
3
95
75
120
85
136
102
-173
-173
-73
-73
25
25
127
127
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
396
396
396
396
396
396
396
396
WITH AROMATIC OR CYCLIC CARBONS IN THE MAIN CHAIN
-11,12-Dicyano-2,6-naphtoquinodimethane
ll,12-bis(alkylthio)
alkyl = butyl
= sec-butyl
= isopropyl
= ethyl
= methyl
-7,8-Dicyanoquinodimethane
7,8-bis(butoxycarbonyl)7,8-diacetyl7,8-dibenzoyl7,8-dibutoxycarbonyl7,8-diisobutyryl7,8-dipropionyl7,8-bis(ethylthio)-
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
109
109
116
115
114
30
30
30
30
30
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
Oligomer,
Oligomer,
Oligomer,
Oligomer,
Oligomer,
benzene,
benzene,
benzene,
benzene,
benzene,
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
37
37
38
37
39
37
37
60
55
55
55
55
55
60
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
Chloroform,
Chloroform,
Chloroform,
Chloroform,
Chloroform,
Chloroform,
Chloroform,
N78,
N78,
N78,
N78,
N78,
N78,
N78,
N78,
N78,
N78,
N78,
N78,
N8i
N8i
N 82
Ngi
N8i
N8i
N8i
N 8o
N80
N80
N80
N 8o
410
410
410
410
410
411
412
412
412
413
413
411
TABLE 4. cont'd
Monomer
7,8-bis(phenylacetyl)7,8-bis(phenylthio)-4,7-Dihydrobenzofuran
4,7-bis-[cyano(ethoxycarbonyl)methylene]
Norbornylene
5-trimethylsilyl-2-
Af,7,7-Tricyanobenzoquinonemethideimine
State of monomer
and polymer xx
-ASJ x
(J/K/mol)
ss
ss
37
34
ss
c'(II)c
c'(I)c
c'(I)c
Ic
c'c
cc
c'c
cc
Ic
Ic
ss
41
5
50
50
58
4
13
14
48
70
81
38
Temp.
(0C)
55
50
60
-173
-73
25
57
-173
173
-73
73
25
107
55
Method
Solvent/Notes
4a
4a
Chloroform, N 78 , N 8 i
Chloroform, N 78 , N 81
4a
3
3
4b
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
4a
Chloroform, N 78
55% cis/45% trans
55% cis/45% trans
55% cis/45% trans
55% cis/45% trans
Polymer
Polymer
Polymer
Polymer
Overcooled monomer
Overcooled monomer
Toluene, N 7 8 , N 8 i
Refs.
413
411
N54
N54
N54
N54
435
415
415
415
415
416
416
416
416
416
416
438
TABLE 5. MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS CONTAINING HETEROATOMS IN THE MAIN CHAIN
Monomer
5.1.
State of monomer
-AS^ x
Temp.
and polymer xx
(J/K/mol)
(0C)
Method
Solvent/Notes
Refs.
5.1.1. ETHERS AND ACETALS (listed by increasing ring size of monomer)

2-RINGS (aldehydes and ketones)
Acetaldehyde
c'c
-6
Ic
14
Ic
21
-, bromochlorofluorosc'
122
-, bromodichlorosc'
122
-, bromodifluorosc'
135
-, dibromochlorosc'
116
-, dibromofluorosc'
114
- , dichlorofluorosc'
179
- , difluorochlorosc'
152
- , tribromosc'
100
- , trichlorogc'
190 3 0
Ic'
95 3 0
sc'
134
sc'
117
ss
52
sc'
142
- , trichloro
cc'
37
Ic'
69
Ic'
80
Ic'
30
- , trifluorogc
187
Ic
97
sc'
155
sc
142.7
Acetone
gc
188
Butanal
sc
122
4,7-Dioxaoctanal
Ic
67.4
ss
77.0
Formaldehyde
gg
124
gc'
174
gc;
169
Heptanal
c'c'
25
c'c
1
c'c'
32
-173
-73
25
50
50
13
-50
10
-173
-73
25
57
45
25
25
25
10
-80
-80
25
25
25
-173
-173
-73
1
1
1
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
1
1
1
1
4a
4a
4a
4a
4b
4a
4a
4a
1
1
4a
1
1
1
Toluene,
Toluene,
Toluene,
Toluene,
Toluene,
Toluene,
Toluene,
Toluene,
N74
N74
N74
N74
N74
N74
N74
N 74
Toluene, N 7 4
Pyridine, N 27
Tetrahydrofuran
n-Heptane
Dichloromethane
Toluene, N 7 4
Dichloromethane
rc-Hexane
N 69
THF
N28
[9 kbar], N n
417
417
417
233
344
344
344
344
344
344
344
50
50
344
50
167
166
418
418
418
418
129
322
344
322
144,148
161
330
330
141,142
106
164,165
419
419
419
TABLE 5. cont'd
Monomer
Hexanal
Octanal
4-Oxapentanal
Pentanal
oPhthalaldehyde
Propanal
-, 2-chloro 2-methyl-, 2,2-dichloro-, 2-methyl-
State of monomer
and polymer xx
"AS^ x
(J/K/mol)
Temp.
(0C)
-73
25
25
97
-173
-173
-73
-73
25
67
-75
-75
-80
-80
-75
-75
-70
-173
-173
-73
-73
25
25
57
57
- 65
- 65
- 65
- 65
-65
Method
c'c
Ic'(I)
Ic
11
c'c'
c'c
c'c'
c'c
11
11
Ic
sc
Ic
Is
Ic
sc
ss
c'c'
c'c
Ic'
Ic
Ic'
Ic
Ic'
Ic
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
4
Hl
101
110
19
16
43
41
117
121
57.8
65.7
81.6
93.6
97.1
107.6
96
8
6
69
67
85
76
90
77
90
69
74
78
94
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
gc'
gc'
174
189
25
25
gc
Ic
Ic
162.7
68.4
83
25
25
25
4a
4a
1
gc'
gc
gc
gc
Ic'
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
ss
ss
ss
ss
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
205
167
139
147
100
37
67
63
76
18
78
94
22
59
54.8
55.3
55.3
59.4
60.7
53.2
75.3
96.2
96.2
25
25
25
57
25
25
25
40
100
90
0
20
75
30
80
80
80
-24
80
-8
25
25
25
1
1
4a
4a
1
4a
1
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
b4
4b
4b
4a
4b
4a
4b
4b
4b
Solvent/Notes
Refs.
Tetrahydrofuran
Tetrahydrofuran
Tetrahydrofuran
Diethyl ether
rc-Pentane
419
419
419
419
420
420
420
420
420
420
330
330
329
329
328
328
154
421
421
421
421
421
421
421
421
172
172
172
166
166
100% Cryst. polymer

Estimated for 100% cryst. polymer
210
210
N 17
325
325
107
N 77
N 69
THF
N 69
N 69
THF
Dichloromethane
3-RINGS
Ethylene oxide
Propylene oxide
4-RINGS
Oxetane
-, 3,3-dichloromethyl
5-RINGS
1,3-Dioxolane
- , 4,4-dimethyl- , cis 4,5-dimethyl- , trans 4,5-dimethyl- , 4-ethyl- , 4-isopropyl

- , 4-methyl7-Oxa-bicyclo[2,2, l]heptane
- , 2-exo-methyl- , 2-endo-methyl-
N 60
N 17
N 15
NM
N 69 , N 78
Dichloromethane
Chloromethane
Toluene, N 78
Benzene
177
177
292
353
177
292
177
159
198
398
133,154
213
423
134
335
335
335
333
335
334
308
308
308
TABLE 5. cont'd
Monomer
rarcs-7-Oxabicyclo[4.3.0]nonane
Tetrahydrofuran
-, 3-methyl-
State of monomer
and polymer xx
Ic
gc'
gc
gc
gc
Ic'
Ic'
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Is
ss
Is
-AS^ x
(J/K/mol)
Temp.
(0C)
55.7
177
112
139
143
100
81.9
47.6
16
62
41
49
67
87
100.9
25
25
25
50
25
25
25
25
25
50
30
40
40
- 6
1
4a
1
4a
1
1
1
4a
1
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
20
25
25
25
25
40
25
25
4a
1
1
1
1
4a
4a
4a
Method
Solvent/Notes
N 61
N 17
N 16
Diethyl ether
Refs.
357
140
292
140
353
140
358
358
292
140
130
231
57,58
211
342
6-RINGS
1,3-Dioxane
Paraldehyde
Trioxane
Is
gc'
gc'
gg
gc'
ss
sc'
c'c'
-23
201
159
64
156
41
42
18 1 6
N 78 , Cyclic oligomer
Isotactic polymer
Syndiotactic polymer
1,2-Dichloroethane
Nitrobenzene
436
184
184
141
141
178
182
164
7-RINGS
1,3-Dioxepane
-, 2-butyl
- , 2-methyl-,4-methylOxepane
l-Oxa-4,5-dithiepane
gc'
gc'
gc
Ic
Ic'
Ic
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
gc
Ic
ss
181
144
131.4
25.1
77
39
48
39
26
43
33
37.2
39
38.8
91.8
-12.4
> 12
25
25
25
25
25
25
-30
60
75
0
-5
-15
- 10
-15
25
25
25
1
1
4a
4a
1
1
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
ss
gc
Ic
gg
c'c'
gc
Ic
ss
ss
16
121.7
10.2
51
-3
129.1
8.0
39
13
10
25
25
25
27
25
25
60
20
4a
4a
4a
1
1
4a
4a
4a
4a
Toluene, N 78
N17
Benzene
Toluene, N 78
425
324
324
142
131
324
324
134
425
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
343
343
343
343
343
343
343
343
N 17
Dichloromethane
Benzene
Toluene, N 78
1,2-Dichloroethane
1,1-Dichloromethene, N 78
1,2-Dichloroethane
N 17
Benzene
170
170
323
323
170
170
136
134
423
424
424
340
424
339
323
323
61
8-AND LARGER RINGS
2-Butyl-l,3,6-trioxocane
1,3-Dioxocane
Tetraoxane
1,3,6-Trioxocane
(1,3,6-Trioxocane) n
n=\
n=2
n=3
n= 4
n=5
n6
rc = 7
n=S
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
34.3
12.6
36.4
43.1
47.7
51.5
54.8
57.8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
N 17
TABLE 5.
cont'd
Monomer
(1,3,6,9-Tetraoxacycloundecane) n
n= \
n=2
n=3
n= 4
n=5
n=6
w= 7
n=$
(1,3,6,9,12-Pentaoxacyclotetradecane) n
n= l
n= 2
n=3
n=4
n= 5
n=6
n=l
(1,3,6,9,12,15-Hexaoxacycloheptadecane)
n=\
n=2
n=3
n=4
n=5
State of monomer
and polymer xx
-ASJ x
(J/K/mol)
Temp.
(0C)
Method
Solvent/Notes
Refs.
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
13.0
20.1
28.9
48.2
52.3
56.9
59.9
62.8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
343
343
343
343
343
343
343
343
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
8.4
10.0
43.1
49.8
54.4
58.2
61.1
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
343
343
343
343
343
343
343
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
8.4
28.1
44.8
50.7
54.8
-2
-2
2
-2
-2
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
343
343
343
343
343
Ic
Ic'
Ic
54
74
51
25
25
127
1
1
1
368
368
368
Ic
Ic'
Ic
30
65
29
25
25
77
1
1
1
368
368
368
5.1.2. CYCLIC ESTERS

4-RINGS
P-Propiolactone
5-RINGS
y-Butyrolactone
6-RINGS
2,2-Dimetyltrimethylene
carbonate
p-Dioxanone
Ethylene oxalate
Glycollide
DL-Lactide
L-Lactide
c'(II)c'(II)
c'(II)c
c'(II)c'(II)
c'(1I)C
Ic'(I)
11
c'c'
c'c
c'c'
c'c
c'c'
c'c
11
c'c
c'c
c'c
Ic
c'c'
cc
Ic
c'c
Ic
ss
ss
gg
Ic'
7.7
-35.3
5.8
-35.2
38.7
24.0
6
-28
9
-25
10
-32
13
-12
-9
-5
15
0.3
-10.5
17.5
-31.3
13.0
41
25
127.7
76.2
-173
-173
25
25
117
147
-173
-173
-73
-73
25
25
127
-173
-73
25
142
25
25
277
25
127
105
40
25
25
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4a
4a
4b
4b
N63
N63
N63
N63
N63
N 63
1,4-Dioxane, N 78
Nitrobenzene, N 78
N53
N53
426
426
426
426
426
426
427
427
427
427
427
427
427
312
312
312
312
364
364
364
311
311
429
428
307
307
TABLE 5. cont'd
Monomer
Pentanolactone
State of monomer
and polymer xx
-AS^ x
(J/K/mol)
Temp.
(0C)
Method
Solvent/Notes
Refs.
Ic'
Ic
Ic
65
15
13
25
25
77
1
1
1
314
314
314
Ic
Ic'
Ic
4
54
8
25
25
77
1
1
1
368
368
368
ss
ss
ss
ss
-39.6
-30.7
-20.8
-25.7
7-RINGS
s-Caprolactone
Spiroorthoester 2-R-1,4,6-trioxaspiro[4.6]
undecane
R= H
= CH 3
= CH 2 Br
= Ph
-10
-25
-20
-30
4a
4a
4a
4a
127
127
127
127
25
25
127
127
25
25
127
127
25
25
97
-73
127
4b
4b
4b
4b
1
1
1
4b
1
1
1
4b
1
1
1
1
4b
Dichloromethane,
Dichloromethane,
Dichloromethane,
Dichloromethane,
N78
N78
N78
N78
430
430
430
430
8-AND LARGER RINGS
Heptanolactone
Octanolactone
Nonanolactone
Decanolactone
Undecanolactone
Dodecanolactone
Tridecanolactone
Tetradecanolactone
Pentadecanolactone
Hexadecanolactone
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic7
Ic
Ic
c'c
cV
Ic
Ic
c'c
c'c'
Ic
C7CII)C
Ic
1
-5
-12
-18
-24
69
-25
-25
-57
50
-26
-25
41
86
-23
-109
-21
N54
368
368
368
368
368
368
368
368
368
368
368
368
313
313
313
313
368
5.2. MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS CONTAINING O IN THE MAIN CHAIN, BONDED TO OTHER HETEROATOMS (S, Si, P)
Cyclotrisiloxane,
1,1,3,3,5,5-hexaethyl
hexamethylCyclotetrasiloxane, octamethylAf,7V-Diethylamino1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane
1,3,2-Dioxaphospholan, 2-methoxy
2-Oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane
- , 2-alkoxyR = methyl
R = methyl
R = ethyl
R = propyl
R = trimethyl silyl
Sulfur trioxide
c'(HI)C'(II)
c'(H)C7OI)
c'(II)c
c'(I)c'(I)
c'0)c
11
Ic
c'c
Ic
Ic
7
0
-62
9
-22
25
3.03
-51.0
-190
-194.4
-173
-73
-23
-23
25
25
77
25
77
25
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
N54, N63, N77

N54, N63, N77
N54, N63
N54, N63, N77
N54, N63
N63
431
431
431
431
431
431
365
365
365
365
Is
ss
Ic
-20.9
13.5
-19.3
-20
90
4a
4a
4a
N58
N59
346
309
347
Is
ss
ss
ss
ss
gc'
11.7
2.5
-1.5
-4.5
-6.0
178
140
100
100
100
100
41
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
Diglyme or DMSO
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane
348
356
356
356
356
86
5.3. MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS CONTAINING N IN THE MAIN CHAIN, BONDED IN THE CHAIN TO CARBON ONLY (listed by
increasing ring size)
3-RINGS
Ethyleneimine
- , MP-trimethylsilyl ethyl)-(TEI)
Ic
Ic
51.9
113
27
27
1
1
360
360
TABLE 5. cont'd
State of monomer
-AS^ x
Temp.
and polymer xx
(J/K/mol)
(0C)
Monomer
- , - , ZnCl2(TEI)2(complex)
c'c
114
Method
Solvent/Notes
Refs.
27
360
360
360
4-RINGS
Trimethyleneimine,
iV-(P-trimethylsilyl ethyl)-(TMI)
- , ZnCl2(TEI)2(complex)
Ic
c'c
83.0
37.2
27
27
1
1
ss
c'c'
72
31
38
25
4a
l/4b
c'c'
25
25
l/4b
63
c-Caprolactam
Is
c'c'
29
-5
250
25
4a
1
68
63
-, 3-methyl-, 5-methyl-, 7-methyl-
Is
Is
Is
260
200
225
4a
4a
4a
5-RINGS
Bicyclic oxalactam
2-Pyrrolidinone
Dimethylsulfoxide
433
63
6-RINGS
2-Piperidone
7-RINGS
11
16
21
194
225
226
8-RINGS
2-Oxo-hexamethyleneimine
c'c'
17
25
1
N. B. Values for 9-13 rings by probably unreliable extrapolation of ASC>C> for 5-8 rings are given in Ref. 138
63
13-RINGS
2-Oxo-undecamethyleneimine
5.4.
Is
16
290
4a
- 15
4a
25
55
200
25
25
25
80
80
160
159
50-90
1
4a
4a
1
1
1
1
1
4a
4a
4a
139
OTHER MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS NOT LISTED ABOVE
4-(2,3-Diphenyl cyclopropenylidene)cyclohexa-2,5-dienone
ss
1,3-Disilacyclobutane, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylTV-Phenylmaleimide
Selenium Se g
1-Silacyclobutane, 1,1-dimethyl- , 1-phenyl 1-methylSulfur, S 6
-,S7
-,S8
Thioacetone
exo-3,4,5-Trithiatricyclo[5.2.1.02'6]decane
exo-3,4,5-Trithiatetracyclo[5.5.1.02'6.08'12]tridec-10-ene
TABLE 6.
69.4
Dichloromethane, N67
317
Ic
ss
Is
Ic'
Ic
Ic
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
18.1
86
- 27
85.4
71.2
57.4
2
-11
-44.7
-31
48.9
ss
31.4
40
4a
Toluene, N 7 6
377
ss
29.3
50
4a
Toluene, N 7 6
376
DMF 9 N 78
From estimated T e
N73
N73
Nn
Monomer
359
440
88,111
359
359
359
380
380
380
73,74,111
327
COPOLYMERS (listed alphabetically under Monomer A)
Monomer A
Bis-(o-aminophenyl)-2,2'
dibenzimidazoleoxide
Monomer B
Terephthalic acid
State of monomer
and polymer, xx
c'c
c'c
c'c
A5 x
(J/K/mol)
19
-17
-112
Temp.
(0C)
-173
-73
25
Method
1
1
1
Solvent/Notes
Polymer + H 2 O (c')
Polymer + H 2 O (c')
Polymer + H 2 O (1)
Refs.
445
445
445
TABLE 6. cont'd
Monomer A
Monomer B
- , dichloride
- , dimethylester
1,3-Butadiene
1-Butene
Styrene
Sulfur dioxide
-, 3-methyl-
Sulfur dioxide
2-Butene, cis
-, trans
Cyclopentene
1,3 Dioxane
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
1,3 Dioxolane
1-Hexadecene
1-Hexene
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Isobutene
Methacrylic acid
Sulfur dioxide
Methacrylic acid,
methyl ester
Sulfur dioxide
State of monomer
and polymer, xx
-AS^ x
(J/K/mol)
c'c
c'c
c'c
c'c
c'c
c'c
Ic
Ic
ss
Ic
Ic
ss
ss
ss
ss
-33
-295
-320
-13
-108
-160
Temp.
(0C)
Method
Solvent/Notes
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
4a
Polymer + HcI (c')

Polymer + HcI (g)
Polymer + HCl (g)
Polymer+ CH 3 OH (c')
Polymer+ CH 3 OH(I)
Polymer+ CH 3 OH(I)
116
145
162
81
146
140
134
57
-173
-73
25
-173
-73
25
30
25
64
35
25
25
25
102
20
ss
Ic
ss
Ic
139
116
145
134
30
25
60
0
4a
1
4a
4a
Chloroform
Ic
sc
gc
117
130
172
25
90
25
1
4a
1
Excess B
Excess B
Excess A
Excess B
Excess B
Excess B
Methylene
ASBA =
Propene
Ethylene
C.
Refs.
445
445
445
445
445
445
108
109
110
199,200
199,200
5
5
110
dichloride, N 78 ,
446
-34
Excess B
N 23
Excess B
31 mol% A in
copolymer, N 3 0
110
109
110
83
206
109
110
222
CEILING TEMPERATURES A N D EQUILIBRIUM MONOMER CONCENTRATIONS
Most addition polymerization reactions are exothermic and exentropic. The free energy of polymerization per monomer unit therefore becomes less
negative as the temperature is raised. At the ceiling temperature Tc, the free energy of polymerization under the prevailing conditions is zero, and above
this temperature, polymerization to long-chain polymer is impossible (just as in physical aggregation a liquid cannot form a solid when the temperature is
above the melting point). The reverse phenomenon of a floor temperature is also known, e.g., for sulfur.
In general a pure liquid monomer which gives an insoluble polymer will have a single well-defined ceiling temperature, given by Tc = AH\C/AS\C. A
pure liquid monomer which gives a soluble polymer will have a series of ceiling temperatures corresponding to different percentage conversions of
monomer to polymer. The condition for equilibrium is then
- A G i + AGic + AG 2 = 0
The partial molar free energy per mol of monomer, AG i and per base mol of polymer, AG 2 are then functions of composition and may be evaluated from
an appropriate equation for mixing of monomer and polymer, e.g., the Flory-Huggins equation. For a monomer dissolved in a solvent the situation is more
complex and the ceiling temperature at a given monomer concentration (or the equilibrium concentration of monomer at a given temperature) is dependent
on the nature of the solvent and the composition of the medium (Refs. 28,29,112,113,114,160). For the case where both monomer and polymer are in
solution the variation of Tc with concentration is given to a first approximation by
r c =A// s s /(A5 s s +RIn[M])
where [M] is the concentration of monomer and A// s and A5s refer to the heat and entropy changes in an appropriate standard state. A more general
expression may be derived from the free energy condition by insertion of suitable expressions for AG i and AG 2 . These will contain the various interaction
parameters appropriate to the polymer-monomer-solvent system.
The values of Tc quoted in the table are mostly obtained from experimental values by interpolation or short extrapolation. Some unpolymerizable
monomers are included where these are structurally closely related to monomers which do polymerize and where the cause of nonpolymerization appears
to be thermodynamic. This is amplified for cyclic monomers in Section D.
Section C is divided into three sections
1 Equilibria involving pure liquid monomers (Ic, Ic', Is)
2 Equilibria involving gaseous monomers (gc, gc')
3 Equilibria involving monomers in solution (sc, sc', ss) and copolymerizations
For meaning of symbols, see Section A.
1.
Equilibria Involving Pure Liquid Monomers
TABLE 7. MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS CONTAINING MAIN CHAIN ACYCLIC CARBON ONLY
Monomer
State of monomer
and polymer
2-Amino-4-(7V-alkylanilino)-6-isopropenyl-1,3,5-triazine
alkyl =
rc-propanyl
Ic
= n-hexanyl
Ic
=
rc-octanyl
Ic
= /z-decanyl
Ic
= n-dodecanyl
Ic
=
rc-tetradecanyl
Ic
=
rc-hexadecanyl
Ic
= isopropyl
Ic
= isobutyl
Ic
= sec-butyl
Ic
=
rc-pentyl
Ic
= isopentyl
Ic
= 1-methylbutyl
Ic
= benzyl
Ic
2-Amino-4-alkyl/aryl-amino-6-isopropenyl-1,3,5-triazine
Is
R 1 = H , R 2 = ethyl
Is
R i = H , R 2 = propyl
Is
R i = ethyl, R 2 = ethyl
Is
R i = propyl, R 2 = propyl
Is
Ri = methyl, R 2 = phenyl
Is
R i = H, R 2 =/?-methoxyphenyl
2-Amino-4-(/?-chloroanilino)-6-isopropenyl-1,3-5-triazine
Ic
2-Amino-4-methoxy
Is
-4-ethoxy
Is
6-isopropenyl-1 -3,5-triazine
2-Anilo-4-methoxy
Is
-4-ethoxy
Is
6-isopropenyl-1,3,5-triazine
Atropic acid, methyl ester
Is
1-Butene
Ic
2-Butene, cis
Ic
, trans
Ic
- , 2-methyl11
- , 2,3-dimethyl11
ot-Cyanoacrilic acid
- , allyl ester
Ic
- , rc-decyl ester
Ic
- , allyloxyethyl
Ic
Cyclopentene
Ic
Ethacrylic acid
- , methyl ester
Is
Ethylene
Ic
Methacrylic acid
- , benzoil acid ester
Ic
- , methyl ester
Ic
- , methyl ester deuterated
Ic
Naphtalene, 2-isopropenyl
Is
Pentene-1
Ic
Pentene-2, cis
Ic
Pentene-2, trans
Ic
- , 4-methyl, cis
Ic
- , 4-methyl, trans
Ic
Silane, benzyl dimethyl vinylIc
- , dimethyl phenyl vinylIc
Styrene, a-methylIs
Is
Is
Tc
[0C]
Wt. fraction
monomer at
equilibrium
157
149
143
140
134
132
130
151
154
148
150
151
146
157
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
402
402
402
402
402
402
402
403
403
403
403
403
403
403
181
177
163
161
169
169
1
1
1
1
1
1
370
370
370
370
379
378
170
183
182
1
1
1
404
405
405
174
174
1
1
405
405
8
247
227
217
-29
-223
1
1
1
1
1
1
Isotactic polymer, N 5 7
Calculated, N 3 1
Calculated, N 3 1
149
385
385
385
143
143
307
217
607
97
1
1
1
1
N57
N57
N57
N66
391
392
393
361
87
367
1
1
N75
Polymer is polybutene-1-iso
395
385
787
102
93
69
317
287
277
317
267
397
197
61
54
170
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
N57
394
414
414
400
386
386
386
387
387
366
362
119
341
119
Notes
N43
N57
N57
N57
N57
N57
1 bar
6.57 kbar
Refs.
TABLE 7. cont'd
Monomer
Vinylcyclohexane
Vinylidenechloride
Vinyldimethylbenzylsilane
Vinyldimethylphenylsilane
State of monomer
and polymer
Tc
[ 0 C]
Wt. fraction
monomer at
equilibrium
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
567
387
397
117
327
1
1
1
1
1
Notes
N57
N57
N57
N57
N57
Refs.
396
397
367
367
367
N.B. The following compounds are not polymerizable for thermodynamic reasons but can sometimes be copolymerized with other monomers (see Ref. 205): a-trifluoromethyl
vinyl acetate, oc-methoxystyrene, 1,1-diphenylethylene, frafts-crotonitrile, trans-stilbene, rrarcs-l,2-di(2-pyridyl)-ethylene, ?raw5-l,2-dibenzoylethylene, /rarcs-l,2-diacetylethylene, oc-stillbazole, methyl 2-terf-butylacrylate, 1-isopropenylnaphthalene, 2,4-dimethyl-a-methyl-styrene.
TABLE 8.
M O N O M E R S G I V I N G POLYMERS C O N T A I N I N G HETEROATOMS I N THE M A I N C H A I N
State of monomer
and polymer
Monomer
8.1.
Tc
[ 0 C]
Wt. fraction
monomer at
equilibrium
Notes
Refs.
Acetaldehyde
, trichloro- , trifluoro2,2-Dimethyltrimethylene carbonate

4,7-Dioxaoctanal
1,3-Dioxepane
- , 2-phenyl(1,3-Dioxolane) n
n=\
/2=1-8
1,3-Dioxolane, 4,4-dimethyl- , cis 4,5-dimethyl- , trans 4,5-dimethyl- , 4-ethyl- , 4-isopropyl- , 4-methyl- , 4-phenylHeptanal
Hexanal
L-Lactide
Octanal
7-Oxabicyclo[2,2,1 ]heptane
- , 2-exo-methyl- , 2-endo-methylfrarcs-7-Oxabicyclo[4,3,0]nonane
4-Oxapentanal
1,2-Oxathiolane-2,2-dioxide
Oxepane
Oxetane
gg
Is
Is
Ic'
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Ic
Is
31
-39
20
58
177
212
227
-38
100
192
144
20
100
165
100
98
60
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0.1
1
1
0.36
0.3
1
1
1
Ic
Ic
Ic
Is
Ic
Ic
Is
Ic
Is
Ic
Ic'
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
-98
-54
-137
-48
-54
-74
-20
-21
20
74
-43
-25
640
-19
320
240
200
1
1
1
4.74 Md/1
1
1
4.47 Md/1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Ic
Ic
Is
Is
Is
Ic
Ic
Ic7
12
-35
-59
95
41.5
-136
478
180
1
1
1
0.74
1
1
1
1
Atactic polymer (1 bar)

Isotactic polymer (1 bar)
<10kbar
N57
N68
N57
N69
N22
N43
N22
N43
Kn determined for
cyclic monomers
N57
N57
N57
N56
N57
N57
N56
N57
N57
N57
N57
N 5 7 , calculated
N69
N57
N57
N57
N69
N22
N32, N57
N3i
N53
115
115
158
233
418
322
426
330
H6
423
398
116
116,219
198
423
353
232
335
335
335
333
333
335
334
334
285
419
420
420
429
330
308
308
308
357
329
329
152
147
323
325
307
TABLE 8.
cont'd
State of monomer
and polymer
Monomer
Pentanal
Propanal
Spiroorthoester
2-R-1,4,6-trioxaspiro[4,6]undecane
R= H
= CH 3
= CH2Br
= Ph
Tetrahydrofuran
- , 3-methyl
Tri(ethylene terephthalate)
Tc
[0C]
Wt. fraction
monomer at
equilibrium
Ic
Is
Is
Ic'
Ic
-42
-31
39
-48
-83
1
1
1
1
1
Ic
Ic
Ic
Ic
Is
Is
Is
Is
172
254
498
258
80
129
4
297
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0.014
Notes
Refs.
N69
Atactic polymer
Isotactic polymer
N 57
N 57
328
115
115
421
421
N68
N 68
N68
N68
1 bar
12.5 kbar
430
430
430
430
58,130
146
342
see 174
N.B. The following compounds are not polymerizable for thermodynamic reasons but can sometimes be copolymerized with other monomers (see Ref.
205); benzaldehyde (Refs. 297-299), hexafluoroacetone, 1,1-dimethylpropanal; also numerous cyclic ethers - see Section D.
8.2.
MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS CONTAINING O IN THE MAIN CHAIN, BONDED TO OTHER HETEROATOMS (S, Si, P)
Sulfur trioxide
Sodium metaphosphate Na(OPO 2 ) n
n=3
Ic'
Is
800
0.043
n=4
n= 5
Siloxanes (RiR 2 SiO) n
Ri, R 2
Me, H
/z = 3-5
Is
Is
800
800
0.026
0.008
Is
0.045
n = 6-18
/i=19-oo
n = 3-oo
Is
Is
Is
0
0
0
0.034
0.046
0.125
/2 = 3-5
Is
110
0.100
n = 6-18
/i=19-oo
rc = 3-oo
n = 4-40
Is
Is
Is
Is
110
110
110
110
0.036
0.047
0.183
n = 4-30
Is
145
Me, Et
n = 3-5
Is
110
0.170
Me, Pr
n=
=
/i =
n=
Is
Is
Is
Is
110
110
110
110
0.049
0.039
0.258
0.270
Me, CF 3 (CH 2 ) 2
/i = 3-8
n = 3-5
Is
Is
110
110
0.310
0.711
Et, Et
n = 6-18
n =19-oo
n = 3-00
n= 3
Is
Is
Is
Ic
110
110
110
247
0.089
0.027
0.827
1
Me, Me
8.3.
6-18
19-oo
3-oo
3-5
30.4
86
Kn determined for cyclic
monomers, n = 3-l
300,301
300,301
300,301

monomers, n 4-15
176
176
176
176

monomers, n = 4-40
Kn determined for values

of n indicated
Kn determined for values
of n indicated
monomers, n 4-20

monomers, n = 4 - 8
monomers, n 4-20
Calculated
176
176
176
176
180
180
176
176
176
176
176
176
176
176
176
176
431
MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS CONTAINING S IN THE MAIN CHAIN, BONDED IN THE CHAIN TO CARBON ONLY
Thiacetone
Thioacetophenone
Ic
Is
Is
95
-52
approx. 40
1
1
1
N 55
148
327
288
N.B. Isothiocyanates (Ref. 295) are not polymerizable for thermodynamic reasons, but can be copolymerized with thiiranes; carbon disulfide (Ref. 296)
can also be copolymerized with thianes
TABLE 8. cont'd
State of monomer
and polymer
Monomer
8.4.
n=l
n=2
n=3
/i = 4
n=5
n=>6
- , 3-methyl- , 3-ethyl- , 3-propyl- , 4-ethyl- , 5-methyl- , 7-methyl- , 7-ethyl- , 7-propyl2,5-Dioxopiperazine
2-Oxo-hexamethylenimine
-,4-ethyl- , 7-ethyl- , 8-propyl2-Oxo-undecamethylenimine
2-Piperidone
2-Pyrrolidone
Notes
Refs.
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Is
Ic
Is
220
225
277
277
277
277
277
277
225
240
240
240
172
225
240
240
171
240
240
240
240
290
60
76
70
0.055
0.067
0.084
0.0078
0.0052
0.0056
0.0048
0.0076
0.086
0.1
0.1
0.35
0.18
0.107
0.1
0.1
1
0.03
0.06
0.02
0.32
1
1
68
192
See 181
Cyclic monomer
See 181
Cyclic monomer
See 181
Cyclic monomer
See 181
Cyclic monomer
See 181
Cyclic monomer
See 181
192,194
191
191
171
225,302
226,302
191,302
191,302
From calorimetric data
437
302
171
171
302
139
118
N 75
383
Tc varies with the accelerator, N 75
439
OTHER MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS NOT LISTED ABOVE
Norbornene
5-trimethylsilyl-2Selenium Se 8
Sulfur S 8
2.
Wt. fraction
monomer at
equilibrium
MONOMERS GIVING POLYxMERS CONTAINING N IN THE MAIN CHAIN, BONDED IN THE CHAIN TO CARBON ONLY
(s-Caprolactam),,
8.5.
Tc
[0C]
Ic
Ic
Is
Is
777
417
83
159
1
1
1
1
Is
157
55% cis/45% trans polymer, N57

N32
N33
Effect of pressure
N33
415
416
85
73,,111
145
380
Equilibria Involving Gaseous Monomers (listed alphabetically)
Monomer
State of monomer
and polymer xx
Tc
(0C)
gc'
gc
gc
gc
gc
gc
gc
gc'
98
73
-220
149
288
87
560
119
Acetaldehyde, trichloro- , trifluoroAcetone

1,3-Dioxepane
1,3-Dioxocane
1,3-Dioxolane
Ethylene, tetrafluoroFormaldehyde
Methacrylic acid
- , ethyl ester
- , methyl ester
Oxepane
Oxetane
Sulfur trioxide
gs
gs
gc
gc
gc'
Tetrahydrofuran
1,3,6-Trioxocane
gc
gc
173
164
135
319
27.0
0.0
83
243
Equilibrium
pressure
(mbar)
Notes
1013
1013
Estimated, N 3 6
1013
1013
1013
128
1013
1013
1013
1013
1013
372
40.8
1013
1013
N34
N28
N35
N35
Refs.
50
129
144
323
324
292
23,120
49,164,165
40
43
323
325
86
86
292
324
3.
Equilibria Involving Monomers in Solution
TABLE 9. MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS CONTAINING MAIN CHAIN CARBON ONLY

Monomer
State of monomer
and polymer xx
Tc
(0C)
M
(mol/i)
Solvent/Notes
Refs.
9.1. MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS CONTAINING MAIN CHAIN ACYCLIC CARBON ONLY
Acrylonitrile
Atropic acid
- , methyl ester
-, ethyl ester
- , n-propyl ester
- , n-butyl ester
-,/?-methyl-, methyl ester
Atroponitrile
Biphenyl, p-isopropenylCyclohexene
Cyclooctene
Isobutylene
Methacrylamide, N-butyl- , Af-phenylMethacrylic acid, methyl ester
- , o-methyl phenyl ester
- , phenyl ester
- , o-tert-buiy\ phenyl ester
- , cKseobutylphenyl ester
- , o-chlorophenyl ester
-, 2,6-diisopropylphenyl ester
- , 2,6-dimethyl phenyl ester
- , o-ethylphenyl ester
- , o-isopropylphenyl ester
- , o-methoxyphenyl ester
- , 0-methoxycarbonylphenyl ester
- , onitrophenyl ester
- , ophenylphenyl ester
-, 0-propylphenyl ester
2,4,6-tribromophenyl ester
2,4,6-trichlorophenyl ester
2,4,6-trimethylphenyl ester
Methacrylonitrile
Methyl-a-/?-chlorobenzylacrylate
Methyl-a-p-methoxybenzylacrylate
Methylphenylitaconate
Naphthalene, 2-isopropenylOxazole,
- , 2-isopropenyl-4,5-dimethylPyridine, 2-isopropenylStyrene
- , a, acetoxy
- , a-methyl- , - , o-methoxyAWAÂf'-TetraethyMisopropenylphenylphosphorous diamide
Thiazole, 2-isopropenyl/?-[Bis(Trimethylsilyl)methyl]
isopropenylbenzene
25
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
-40
-67
-72
-80
37
50
0
-23
20
88
122
125
155.5
135
140
146
81
100
139
33
77
118
112
145
112
108
100
118
92
104
69
145
85
83
55
95
120
0
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
0
0
150
150
47
0
53
58
-25
10
ss
ss
0
1.2
3 x 1 ~8
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
0.515
5
1.2
0.651
0.611
0.82
0.611
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.27
5
1
0.324
5
2,22
0.284
0.0025
0.043
9.1 x 10 ~4
6.5 x l O " 4
1.0
0.76
1.8
1.8
~2
1.0
0.010
1.0
Estimated from AG]c>
193
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Tetrahydrofuran
Toluene
Benzene, N 38
Supercritical CO 2
Ethyl benzoate
Ethyl benzoate
o-Dichlorobenzene
Ethyl benzoate
/?-Xylene
Benzene or/?-xylene, N75
/?-Xylene
Benzene or p-xylene, N 75
Benzene or/?-xylene, N 75
Benzene or /?-xylene, N75
/?-Xylene
Benzene or p-xylene, N75
Benzene or /?-xylene, N 75
Benzonitrile
Toluene
DMF
DMF
Toluene
Dichlorobenzene
Tetrahydrofuran
149
150
150
150
150
149
16
389
229,230
441
326
326
42
326
345
442
345
442
442
442
345
442
442
442
442
442
442
442
442
442
442
44
443
315
315
443
444
16
Tetrahydrofuran
Tetrahydrofuran
Benzene
Cyclohexane
Toluene
Tetrahydrofuran, N 37
rc-Heptane
Toluene
Methylene chloride
Tetrahydrofuran
284
284
28
28
401
16,32,33
402
402
155
408
Tetrahydrofuran
Tetrahydrofuran
284
409
TABLE 9. cont'd
State of monomer
and polymer xx
Monomer
9.2.
Tc
(0C)
M
(mol/1)
Solvent/Notes
Refs.
MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS CONTAINING MAIN CHAIN CYCLIC CARBON
- , 7,8-Dycyanoquinodimethane
7,8-bis(butoxycarbonyl)
7,8-Diacetyl7,8-Dibenzoyl7,8-Dibutoxycarbonyl
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
93
442
87
415
88
301
93
442
79
422
67
481
0.014
1.0
0.018
1.0
0.069
1.0
0.014
1.0
0.014
1.0
0.014
1.1
Chloroform,
Chloroform,
Chloroform,
Chloroform,
Chloroform,
Chloroform,
Chloroform,
Chloroform,
Chloroform,
Chloroform,
Chloroform,
Chloroform,
N75
N43
N75
N43
N75
N43
N75
N43
N75
N43
N75
N43
411
411
412
412
412
412
412
411
411
411
411
411
TABLE 10. MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS CONTAINING HETEROATOMS IN THE MAIN CHAIN
State of monomer
and polymer xx
Monomer
10.1.
Tc
(0C)
M
(mol/1)
Solvent/Notes
Refs.
Acetaldehyde
- , bromochlorofluoro- , bromodichloro- , bromodifluoro- , dibromochloro- , dibromofluoro- , dichlorofluoro- , chlorodifluoro- , tribromo- , trichloro-
- , trifluoroButanal
4,7-Dioxaoctanal
1,3-Dioxepane
- , 2-butyl
- , 2-methyl- , 4-methyl(1,3-Dioxolane)n
n=l
n=l-8
sc
sc'
sc'
sc'
sc
sc'
sc
sc'
sc
sc'
sc'
ss
sc'
sc'
sc'
sc'
sc'
sc
sc
sc
sc
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
Is
~ - 80
23
17
48
-40
-19
52
41
70
63
-75
11
12.5
35
18
9
81
9
-18
12
27
-56
78
27
32
-51
-37
-40
-33
1
-8
20
20
60
Is
145
ss
60
6
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1.0
(0.1)
1.0
1
1
1
1
~2
1.0
1.0
1
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1
1.0
1
1.0
1.0
2.0
1.0
2.0
10.0
Toluene, N 22
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Methyl cyclohexane
Toluene
Methyl cyclohexane
Toluene
Toluene
Tetrahydrofuran
Pyridine, N 3 9 , N 4 0
/i-Heptane
Methyl cyclohexane
Toluene
Toluene
Dichloromethane
Toluene, isotactic polymer
n-Hexane [8kbar], Ni 2
n-Hexane [10 kbar], N12
THF
Benzene
Dichloromethane
1,2-Dichloroethane, N 5 7
1,2-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethane
Dichloromethane
Benzene, N 4 i
1,3-Dioxane, N41
Chloroethane
A few percent
dichloromethane present
A few percent
dichloromethane present
Dichloroethane, N 42
228
233
344
344
337
344
336
344
336
344
338
167
50
166
336
344
344
322
227
161
161
330
116,134
136
424
424
340
424
339
133,159
134,159
159
293
198
198
232
TABLE 10. cont'd
Monomer
Formaldehyde
L-Lactide
Octanal
frans-8-Oxabicyclo[4,3,0]nonane
mms-2-Oxabicyclo[3,3,0]octane
Oxa-4,5 -dithiepane
Oxepane
Pentanal
o-Phthalaldehyde
Propanal, 2-chloro-, 2-methyl- , 2,2-dichloro- , 2-methyl-
Tetrahydrofuran
Tetraoxane
Trioxane
1,3,6-Trioxocane
- , 2-Butyl10.2.
sc'
sc'
ss
sc
ss
30
25
284
-59
-51
ss
ss
ss
sc
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
sc'
sc'
sc'
sc'
sc'
sc'
sc'
sc'
sc'
ss
ss
ss
0
25
30
-68
-43
-54
-24
approx. 5
-36.6
-63
-61.6
25
20
50
25
25
50
30
30
30
25
25
297
330
220
M
(mol/l)
0.06
0.004
1.0
1
1
0.63
< 0.005
0.08
1
1.0
1.0
1.0
(0.25)
1.0
1.0
1.0
4.45
2.8
< 0.008
0.12
0.10
0.20
0.13
0.05
0.19
1.5
2.5
1.0
1.0
1.0
Solvent/Notes
Refs.
Dichloromethane
Nitrobenzene
1,4-Dioxane
THF
Dichloromethane
122
182
429
330
357
Dichloromethane
Benzene
Dichloromethane
THF
Dichloromethane, cyclopolymer
Tetrahydrofuran
Tetrahydrofuran
Dichloromethane, N 2 2 , N40
rc-Pentane
Tetrahydrofuran
Diethyl ether
Benzene, N 3 7 , N 4 4
Diethyl ether
1,2-Dichloroethane
Dichloromethane
Nitrobenzene
1,2-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethane
Benzene
Nitrobenzene, N 45
Nitrobenzene, N 4 5
Dichloromethane
Benzene, N 4 5
Toluene, N 57
Toluene, N 5 7
357
61
236
328
154
172
172
153
166
172
166
231
211
178
182
182
178
178
178
178
182
182
134
425
425
ss
ss
ss
157
-33
-37
0.1
1
1
ss
ss
ss
ss
0
110
110
110
(0.2)
0.3
(0.4)
(0.9)
1,2-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethane
Toluene, N 4 6
Toluene, N 47
Toluene, N 4 6
Cyclohexanone, N 4 6
309
339
340
176
217,218
176
176
MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS CONTAINING S IN THE MAIN CHAIN, BONDED IN THE CHAIN TO CARBON ONLY
1,3-Dithiolane, 2-phenylimino-4-methylexo-3,4,5-Trithiatetracyclo[5,5,l,02'6.0812]tridec-10-ene
exo-3,4,5-Trithiatricyclo5.2.1.026]decane
10.4.
Tc
(0C)
MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS CONTAINING O IN THE MAIN CHAIN, BONDED TO OTHER HETEROATOMS (Si, P)
1,3,2-Dioxaphospholan, 2-methoxy1,3-Dioxepane, 4-methyl- , 2-methylSiloxanes (RiR 2 SiO) n

R1, R2
H, Me
Me, Me
Me, Et
Me, CF 3 (CH 2 ) 2
10.3.
State of monomer
and polymer xx
ss
65
2.7
Benzene
290
ss
ss
25
90
2.37
3.72
Toluene, N 7 6
Toluene, N 7 6
376
376
ss
ss
10
70
3.8
6.0
Toluene, N 7 6
Toluene, N 7 6
377
377
MONOMERS GIVING POLYMERS CONTAINING N IN THE MAIN CHAIN, BONDED IN THE CHAIN TO CARBON ONLY
Bicyclic oxalactam
n-Hexyl isocyanate
Pyrrole
N,7,7-Tricyanobenzoquinone methide imine
ss
sc
ss
ss
60
22
77
74
1.0
2
0.017
0.14
Dimethylsulfoxide
Dimethylformamide
Acetonitrile
Toluene, N 7 5 , N 8 i
433
127
434
438
Next Page
TABLE 11. COPOLYMERS

Monomer A
Monomer B
State of monomer
and polymer
Ta
(0C)
[A][B]
(mol 2 /I 2 )
Solvent/Notes
Refs.
11.1. 1:1 COPOLYMERS

Allyl acetate
Allyl alcohol
Allyl ethyl ether
Allyl formate
1-Butene
-, 2-ethyl-, 3-methyl2-Butene, cis
-,trans
2-Butene, (50% cis)
- , 2-methylCycloheptene
Cyclohexene
1,3-Cyclooctadiene
Cyclopentene
Ethene
Ethene oxide
Formaldehyde
2-Heptene (88% m )
1-Hexadecene
1-Hexene
-,2-ethylIsobutene
1-Pentene
-,2-methyl-, 4,4-dimethyl-, 2,4,4-trimethyl2-Pentene (50% cis)
-, 4-methyl4-Pentenoic acid
Propene
Propene oxide
3-Propenyl phenyl
ether
Styrene
Tetrafluoroethene
Vinyl chloride
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Carbon dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Carbon dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Carbon dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Carbon dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Carbon dioxide
Carbon monoxide
sc
sc
gg
gg
gg
gg
gg
45
76
68
45
64
<-80
36
46
38
34.6
<80
11
24
37
103
150 (-35)
-(50)
>135
350 (127)
220 (-58)
190 (-47)
- 1 5 0 (46)
-38
69
30
60
<-80
5
63
-34
14
<-80
8.5
<-80
66
90
140 (-39)
- 1 2 0 (39)
490 (-129)
180 (-49)
590 (136)
Carbon
Carbon
Carbon
Carbon
Carbon
Carbon
gg
gg
gg
gg
gg
gg
190 (-36)
-190 (53)
280 (-74)
30 ( - 2 )
230 (-55)
-45(18)
N 64
N 64
N 64
N 64
N 64
N 64
369
369
369
369
369
369
Is
225
N50
192,194
Sulfur
Sulfur
Sulfur
Sulfur
Sulfur
Sulfur
Sulfur
Sulfur
dioxide
dioxide
dioxide
dioxide
dioxide
dioxide
dioxide
dioxide
dioixde
monoxide
monoxide
dioxide
monoxide
dioxide
ss
sc
ss
sc
ss
sc
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
gg
gg
sc'
gg
gg
gg
gg
ss
sc
ss
ss
sc
ss
ss
sc
ss
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
10
27
27
33
27
1.15
27
27
27
27
27
32
27
27
Excess B
Excess B
Excess B
Excess B
Excess B
All compositions
Excess B
Excess B, N 48
Excess B, N 48
Excess B, N 49
All compositions
Excess B
Excess B
Excess B (1,2 addition)
Excess B
N 64
N 64
Excess B
N 64
N64
N 64
N 64
Excess B, N 49
Excess B
Chloroform
Excess B
All compositions
Excess B
Excess B
Excess B
Excess B
All compositions
N 49
All compositions
Excess B
Excess B
N 64
N 64
N 64
N 64
N 64
110
110
110
110
110
110
110,199
110
110
110
110
124
110
156
110
369
369
110
369
369
369
369
110
110
80
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
369
369
369
369
369
11.2. GENERAL COPOLYMERS

8-Caprolactam
a
e-Caprolactam, 3-methyl-
Values in parentheses are for AGJ98 in (kJ/mol).
D.
POLYMERIZABILITY OF 5-, 6- AND 7-MEMBERED HETEROCYCLIC RING COMPOUNDS
The free energy of polymerization is generally negative for 3-, 4-, 8-, and higher-membered ring compounds. With heterocyclic rings there is generally an
ionic mechanism available which allows these compounds to polymerize. With 5-, 6- and 7-membered ring compounds the sign of AG, and hence the
polymerizability, is critically dependent on the nature of the ring and on the extent and position of substitution. Substitution generally makes AG less
negative (more positive) and reduces polymerizability in the thermodynamic sense.
Tables 12-14 summarize the polymerizability of 5-, 6- and 7-membered rings, respectively, as a function of the nature of the ring and extent of
substitution. Table 15 provides a comparison of polymerizability of unsubstituted 5-, 6-, and 7-membered rings.
Previous Page
TABLE 11. COPOLYMERS

Monomer A
Monomer B
State of monomer
and polymer
Ta
(0C)
[A][B]
(mol 2 /I 2 )
Solvent/Notes
Refs.
11.1. 1:1 COPOLYMERS

Allyl acetate
Allyl alcohol
Allyl ethyl ether
Allyl formate
1-Butene
-, 2-ethyl-, 3-methyl2-Butene, cis
-,trans
2-Butene, (50% cis)
- , 2-methylCycloheptene
Cyclohexene
1,3-Cyclooctadiene
Cyclopentene
Ethene
Ethene oxide
Formaldehyde
2-Heptene (88% m )
1-Hexadecene
1-Hexene
-,2-ethylIsobutene
1-Pentene
-,2-methyl-, 4,4-dimethyl-, 2,4,4-trimethyl2-Pentene (50% cis)
-, 4-methyl4-Pentenoic acid
Propene
Propene oxide
3-Propenyl phenyl
ether
Styrene
Tetrafluoroethene
Vinyl chloride
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Carbon dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Carbon dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Carbon dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Carbon dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Carbon dioxide
Carbon monoxide
sc
sc
gg
gg
gg
gg
gg
45
76
68
45
64
<-80
36
46
38
34.6
<80
11
24
37
103
150 (-35)
-(50)
>135
350 (127)
220 (-58)
190 (-47)
- 1 5 0 (46)
-38
69
30
60
<-80
5
63
-34
14
<-80
8.5
<-80
66
90
140 (-39)
- 1 2 0 (39)
490 (-129)
180 (-49)
590 (136)
Carbon
Carbon
Carbon
Carbon
Carbon
Carbon
gg
gg
gg
gg
gg
gg
190 (-36)
-190 (53)
280 (-74)
30 ( - 2 )
230 (-55)
-45(18)
N 64
N 64
N 64
N 64
N 64
N 64
369
369
369
369
369
369
Is
225
N50
192,194
Sulfur
Sulfur
Sulfur
Sulfur
Sulfur
Sulfur
Sulfur
Sulfur
dioxide
dioxide
dioxide
dioxide
dioxide
dioxide
dioxide
dioxide
dioixde
monoxide
monoxide
dioxide
monoxide
dioxide
ss
sc
ss
sc
ss
sc
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
gg
gg
sc'
gg
gg
gg
gg
ss
sc
ss
ss
sc
ss
ss
sc
ss
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
10
27
27
33
27
1.15
27
27
27
27
27
32
27
27
Excess B
Excess B
Excess B
Excess B
Excess B
All compositions
Excess B
Excess B, N 48
Excess B, N 48
Excess B, N 49
All compositions
Excess B
Excess B
Excess B (1,2 addition)
Excess B
N 64
N 64
Excess B
N 64
N64
N 64
N 64
Excess B, N 49
Excess B
Chloroform
Excess B
All compositions
Excess B
Excess B
Excess B
Excess B
All compositions
N 49
All compositions
Excess B
Excess B
N 64
N 64
N 64
N 64
N 64
110
110
110
110
110
110
110,199
110
110
110
110
124
110
156
110
369
369
110
369
369
369
369
110
110
80
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
369
369
369
369
369
11.2. GENERAL COPOLYMERS

8-Caprolactam
a
e-Caprolactam, 3-methyl-
Values in parentheses are for AGJ98 in (kJ/mol).
D.
POLYMERIZABILITY OF 5-, 6- AND 7-MEMBERED HETEROCYCLIC RING COMPOUNDS
The free energy of polymerization is generally negative for 3-, 4-, 8-, and higher-membered ring compounds. With heterocyclic rings there is generally an
ionic mechanism available which allows these compounds to polymerize. With 5-, 6- and 7-membered ring compounds the sign of AG, and hence the
polymerizability, is critically dependent on the nature of the ring and on the extent and position of substitution. Substitution generally makes AG less
negative (more positive) and reduces polymerizability in the thermodynamic sense.
Tables 12-14 summarize the polymerizability of 5-, 6- and 7-membered rings, respectively, as a function of the nature of the ring and extent of
substitution. Table 15 provides a comparison of polymerizability of unsubstituted 5-, 6-, and 7-membered rings.
TABLE 12. 5-MEMBERED RING COMPOUNDS

Ring
Polymerized
Not polymerized
C2N2O
Refs.
237
R = Me, Ph
376
C2S3
377
238,239,433
C3NO
R = Me, Ph etc.
239,240
C3NS
C3N2
239
R = Me,
MeCO
C3OS
152
C3O2
R = Me,
CH2Cl,
Ph
R1
R1
R1
R1
R1
= R 2 = R 3 =H
= R 2 = R 3 =Me
= R 2 = R 3 = CH 2 Ph
= R 3 = CH2Ph5R2= H
= R 2 = CH 2 Ph 5 R 3 = H
R = Me,
Ph
R = Me,
CH2Cl
116,133,134,
159,177.
239,241-244,
285-287,
350,351,349,
398,423
331
C3S2
245,246,290
C4N
239,240,243
240,247-249
C4O
51,58,117,
130,140,146,
239,243,250-256,
291,303,304
R' = H,R = H
R' = H, R = endo - Me
R' = H, R = e x o - M e
R' = endo - Me, R = exo - Me
R' = exo-Me
R = exo-Me
TABLE 12. cont'd

Ring
Polymerized
Not polymerized
Refs.
357
(trans)
(cis)
(trans)
(cis)
(trans)
(cis)
357
357
357
{trans)
(cis)
185,256
C4S

Ring
Polymerized
Not polymerized
Refs.
C3N2O
239
C3N3
239
C3O2P
346
R=H
347
348
R = OCH 3
C3O3
141,178,184,257
C3S3
148,258,259,260
C 4 NO
185,239,240
C 4 NS
240
C4N2
239,240,261
R = Me,Ph
TABLE 13. cont'd

Ring
Polymerized
Not polymerized
Refs.
C4OS
152
C4O2
116,136,239,243,262,426,436
239,243,262,263,428,429
R = Me, Ph
R = Me 1 Ph
427
382
246,265
C4S2
C5N
R = H, Et, Ph
118,209,239,240,243,266
153,239,243,264,226-270,283
C5O
331
185,256
C5S
431
Si 3 O 3

Ring
Polymerized
Not polymerized
Refs.
C 4 OS 2
61
C5NS
240
C5N2
239,240
TABLE 14.
Ring
cont'd
Polymerized
Not polymerized
Refs.
C5O2
116,136,170,241,
262,271,423,424
C5S2
246
C6N
63,68,240,
249,272-279
R= 3555-
Me, 4 - Me, R = H, Me
Me, 5 - Et,
n - propyl, 5-z-propyl
Cyclohexyl
R = Me, Ph, CH 2 OH,

EtSCH 2
R = Ph,
PhCH 2
n - Heptyl
6 - Me, 7 - Me
240,243,276,
277,280,305
C6O
153,239,243,
281,282
C6S
256
TABLE 15. COMPARISON OF POLYMERIZABILITY (+ OR - ) OF UNSUBSTITUTED 5-, 6- AND 7-MEMBERED RING COMPOUNDS0
T^pe of ring
Name of 5-ring
1,3-CnNO
2-Oxazolidinone
1,3-CnN2
2-Imidazolidinone
1,2-CnOS
1,2-Oxathiolane-2,2-dioxide
1,3-CnO2
1,3-Dioxolane
5-Ring
6-Ring
7-Ring
Ethylene carbonate
1,2-CnS2
1,2-Dithiolane
CnN
Pyrrolidine
2-Pyrrolidinone
Succinimide
TABLE 15. cont'd

Type of ring
Name of 5-ring
5-Ring
6-Ring
7-Ring
2-Pyrrolidinethione
CnO
Tetrahydrofuran (oxolane)
Oxolane-2-one (y-butyrolactone)
Oxolane-2,5-dione(succinic anhydride)
CnS
a
Thiolan-2-one (y -thiobutyrolactone)
The formulae denote rings of any size. Thus in the first line 1,3C4NO is drawn as
and represents
E. NOTES
Ni
N2
N3
N4
Corrected for end-group effects.

Is assumed.
Partial allowance for unreacted monomer.
Semi-empirical values for a number of other olefins
are given in Ref. 143.
N5 Value given is for dilute solution. Values determined
for complete range of composition; maximum (14.4)
at 50 mol% monomer.
N 6 No allowance for unreacted monomer.
N 7 Strongly dependent on both monomer concentration
and temperature.
N 9 Corrected for enthalpy of glassy state.
N i 0 - AS s s assumed to be 120.3 J/Kmol.
N n Zero heat not necessarily in conflict with observed
polymerizability below 40 0 C. Additional loss of
free energy may be provided by the crystallization of
the polymer.
N12 Polymer largely insoluble and remains in suspension.
N13 After correction for species in vapour other than
formaldehyde.
N14 In the presence of a few per cent methylene chloride.
N15 From measurements in methylene chloride, benzene
and 1,4-dioxane.
N i6 From measurements in benzene.
N n From measurements on vapor-solid equilibrium.
N i8 From measurements in both methylene chloride and
nitrobenzene.
NI 9 From measurements in 1,2-dichloroethane.
N 20 Value calculated by the compiler of this table from
data in Ref. cited.
N21 Numerical values for heats of copolymerization are
listed only for those systems yielding 1:1 copolymers. The values refer to the copolymerization of
0.5 mol of each monomer. In all other cases listed the
copolymers have a range of composition; details of
the corresponding heats of copolymerization are given
in the Ref. cited.
N 22
N 23
N 24
N 25
N 26
N 27
N 28
N 29
N 30
N 31
N 32
N 33
N34
N35
Where no solvent is specified in the seventh column,

the symbol AH ss denotes that the measured heat is for
a liquid mixture of monomers going to a solution of
copolymers. AH\c denotes the heat change for pure
liquid monomers going to condensed amorphous
polymer. (This symbolism differs from that in
Ref. 1.)
The states of monomer and/or polymer are not stated
in Ref. but are likely to be the ones given.
Value calculated from measurements on mixtures
containing excess B.
Value calculated from measurements on mixtures
containing excess A.
Value in Ref. 11 corrected using entropy of monomer
in Ref. 94.
From measurements in both benzene and cyclohexane.
Standard state: mol fraction of monomer = 0.1.
After correction for species in vapor other than
formaldehyde.
Numerical values for entropies of polymerizaiton
listed are for systems yielding 1:1 copolymers. The
values refer to the copolymerization of 0.5 mol of
each monomer. The symbolism and standard states
are the same as used for the heats of copolymerization
(see N 2 i).
Value of A5 for the composition of polymer
indicated.
No allowance for free energy of mixing of polymer
and monomer.
Floor temperature (hypothetical for supercooled
liquid).
Floor temperature.
Calculated value. Not measurable experimentally
because of side reactions.
Small amount of vapor dissolved in the polymer:
approximately gc.
N 36 Hypothetical value for acetone as a gas at 1013 mbar

pressure.
N 37 Decreases with increasing polymer concentration
(Ref. 112,160,289).
N 38 Recognised that polymerization over WCl 6/EtAlCl 2/
EtOH yields an equilibrium mixture of unsaturated
cyclic rings (CsH 14). Species up to n = 15 have
been identified and higher cyclic polymers are also
likely to be present. No firm equilibrium data exist
as yet.
N 3 9 dr c /dP=19deg/kbar.
N 40 Value in [M] column is the mol fraction of monomer.
N41 Decreases with increasing polymer concentration in
methylene chloride, in benzene and in 1,4-dioxane
(Ref. 159).
N42 Kn values determined for cyclic monomers, n = 1-8.
N43 Extrapolated value.
N 4 4 For equilibrium concentrations of linear oligomeric
species see Ref. 294.
N45 Note the substantial discrepancy between the two sets
of results with nitrobenzene as solvent.
N 46 Value in [M] column is the volume fraction of cyclic
monomer (rings of all sizes).
N47 Concentration of rings, rc = 13-oo, taking mol.
wt. = 74 (value for n 1); Kn determined for cyclic
monomers, n 3-400.
N48 Corrected for isomerization effect.
N 49 Uncorrected for isomerization effect.
N 50 Equilibrium concentrations of A and B lower than
expected from values for homopolymerizations.
N51 Polymer is -{CONHN(COMe)f.
N 5 2 Polymer is 4CH 2 CH 2 N(COR)J-.
N53 cis and trans forms of polymer.
N 5 4 c'(I)^(IIXc(III) refer to crystal forms I, II, III of
monomer.
N 5 5 Standard state is IM, calculated from data in Ref.
148.
N56 Polymer dissolved in monomer; equilibrium concentration in mol/L.
N 5 7 Tc calculated from AH?JASlc or A#SS/ASSS.
N5g Valid in concentration range 2.3 to 4.6 M.
N59 Corrected for monomer-polymer interactions;
required temperature variable interaction parameter.
N6O Data from Ref. 292, with corrections for monomer
adsorbed in polymer.
N 6 i Ic data from Ref. 231 combined with vaporization
data.
N 62 Calorimetry in solution with adjustments for solution

enthalpies.
N63 With heat capacity adjustment for T change: may
apply to N 62N64 From group method calculations; AG (298K) value
given in brackets in kJ/mol; Tc refers to standard state
conditions, PA = PB = I atm.
N65 AHP by method 4a in close agreement.
N66 Ring opening polymerization giving 78% trans
polymer.
N 67 Polymer is
N 68 Calculated from solution values with experimentally
determined data.
N 69 Calculated from solution data utilizing monomerpolymer interaction parameters, see Ref. 130.
N 70 Mixture of 1,2 and 1,4 polymerization.
N71 Includes adjustment for the presence of small
concentrations of other cyclics; Sn 7^ S 8 .
N 72 Calculations based on standard enthalpies of formation of Sn and AHP (S 8 ).
N73 Calculation based on standard entropies of Sn and
AS P (S 8 ).
N 7 4 Values apply in temperature range below the appropriate ceiling temperature, see Section C, Table 10,
under "Monomers Giving Polymers Containing O in
the Main Chain, Bonded to C Only."
N 7 5 Obtained by extrapolation of kinetic data.
N 7 6 Ring opening at S-C bond.
N 7 7 c'(I), C7CII) refer to crystal forms I, II of polymer.
N 7 8 Average Temperature
N 7 9 Polymer is
N8o Polymer is
N 8 i Polymer is
N82 Polymer is
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A c t i v a t i o n
a n d
E n e r g i e s
o f
T e r m i n a t i o n
R a d i c a l
P r o p a g a t i o n
i n
F r e e
T. F. M c k e n n a
Laboratoire de Chimie et Procedes de Polymerization, Villeurbanne, Cedex, France
A . M . Santos
Faculdade de Engenharia Quimica de Lorena-Faenquil, Lorena, Sao Paulo, Brazil
A. Introduction
B. Tables
Table 1. Dienes
Table 2. Olefins
Table 3. Acrylic Derivatives
Table 4. Methacrylic Derivatives
Table 5. Vinyl Halogens
Table 6. Vinyl Ethers and Vinyl Esters
Table 7. Styrene and Derivatives
Table 8. Vinyl Heteroaromatics
Table 9. Miscellaneous Compounds
C. References
A.
11-415
11-416
11-416
11-416
11-417
11-418
II-420
11-421
11-421
II-422
II-423
II-424
INTRODUCTION
The conversion of a free radical homopolymerization as a

function of time is usually expressed by the following
equation:
where x is the conversion, t the time, fep, ku and k& the

propagation, termination and initiator decomposition rate
constants, respectively, / the initiator efficiency and / the
initiator concentration.
It is generally assumed that the temperature dependence

of free radical polymerization rate constants can be
expressed using the well-known Arrhenius equation:
where Ao is the frequency factor, R the universal gas

constant, T the absolute temperature, and E the activation of
the reaction in question. Measurement of kp and kt at
different temperatures allows one to determine values of the
activation energies of the same two reactions, Ep and E1,
respectively.
If we accept this representation, then the overall
activation energy of a homopolymerization can be written
as
The value of the activation energy for the initiator

decomposition reaction, 2Jd, can often be estimated
separately. When data are not available for Ep and Et as
separate quantities, the term (Ev \Et) can be used to
model the polymerization reaction.
In the following tables, all energies are reported in terms
of kJ/mol, and any appropriate remark(s) associated with
the data are presented.
B. TABLES
TABLE 1. DIENES
Monomer
Ep
Butadiene
10.9
38.9
24.3 & 20.9
20.5
35.7
Et
Ev \Et
8.42
Chloroprene
Dimethyl butadiene
Isoprene
40.6
37.7
46.0
Refs.
In gas phase
In emulsion
In gas phase
In gas phase
Solution polymerization in CCl4;
temperature range: 303-333 K
For emulsion polymerization, supposing
w = 0.5
Thermal and photoinitiation; temperature
range: 278-333 K; kp measured by ESR
In emulsion
In emulsion
In emulsion
5.9
38.9
1,3-Hexadiene
Remarks
13
14
16
21
90
91
92
35
45
15
TABLE 2. OLEFINS
Monomer
Ev
Acetylene
Ethylene
21.4
34.3
18.4
23.9
46.4
Et
p -| t
1.3
17.8
33.5
29.7
31.0
36.8
29.7
40.0
6.22
10.0
15.2
25.1
20.8
29.7
32.5
36.9
31.4
-1.59
3.13
10.0
4.19
1.05
Refs.
In gas phase
In gas phase
Calculated using results of Ref. 24
In gas phase
High pressure in gas phase (up to 300 NPa);
initiated by oxygen; temperature range:
60-250 0 C; conversion found by gravimetry
High pressure polymerization (up to 300 MPa);
initiated by DTBPO; temperature range:
130-1650C
Activation volumes (cal/mol/atm):
propagation: 19.7, termination: 13.0
Estimation for simulation of emulsion

copolymerization with vinyl acetate
14.2
31.6
Propene
Isoprene
Remarks
30.3
4.2
17.6 0.31
15.3 0.26
30.2
23.4
41.0
6.44
Activation volume = - 26.2 x 10~6 m3/gmol

Activation volume for propagation =
0.5 cal/mol/atm
Activation volumes (cal/mol/atm):
propagation: 16.8 0.1; termination: 9.2.
Optimized from values of industrial runs
In gas phase
In emulsion
21
21
35
44
73
82
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
21
15
TABLE 3. ACRYLIC DERIVATIVES

Monomer
Ep
Et
Acrylamide
A
B
C
D
E
11.7 1.2
16.3 0.8
18.8 1.9
20.5 0.8
25.1 0.9
11.7 0.8
10.9 0.4
10.9 0.4
7.9 0.4
00.8
22 0.2
20 0.2
11.5
57.8
Ep-\Et
5.8 dz 1.6
10.9 1.3
13.40.3
16.9 1.0
25.1 1.3
6.2
10.46
iVyV-methylene-bis-acrylamide
9.3
Remarks
Refs.
Solution polymerization in H2O/DMSO

mixture with potassium persulfate;
initiators: H 2 O: DMSO: (A) 100:0
(B) 88:12
(C) 65:35
(D) 38:62
(E)
0:100
pH 1
pH4
Compilation of data, validated for inverse
suspension polymerization
Compilation from various sources, validated
for solution polymerization
Aqueous polymerization with temperature
range: 293-313 K
68
111
112
113
Acrylic acid
23.4
21.7
14.1
- , sodium salt
(1) 67.5
(2) 72.1
- , chromium salt
33.5
-, zinc salt
13.0
-, butyl ester
8.8
52.3
15.5
0
73.7
38.1
14 6
p - ET = 0
9.6 0.56
- , ethyl ester
- , methyl ester
41
29.7
19.7
31.8 2.5
12.3
22.2
-0
20.1 0.8
-, methyl oc-acetoxy ester
35.5
46.8
-, methyl a-butoxy ester
30.5
25.1
Acrylonitrile
17.2
16.2
22.6
15.5
107
108
109
By PLP; temperature range: 288-328 K
110
Thermally induced solid state polymerization; 87
two methods to find Ep: (1) ESR, (2) DSC;
temperature range: 60-160 0 C
Polymerized with styrene-arsenic sulfide
114
complex initiator in DMF
Initiated with an As2S3-styrene complex in
115
DMSO at 363 K
8
At 20% conversion
26
From PLP-GPC; temperature range:
116
(208-266 K); bulk polymerization
109
From PLP; temperature range: (298-353 K); 117
conversion range: (10-80%); bulk
polymerization; P = 1 bar.
From PLP; conversion = 30% in bulk
118
polymerization
By PLP-GPC; bulk polymerization with
119
photoinitiators: benzoin and 2,2dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone;
109
Gamma ray induced solid state polymerization;
40.7
31.8
-, 1,3-hydroxyneopentyl ester
Initiation with APS; temperature range:

309.5-324.5 K; solution
polymerization at pH 0 4.38
Precipitation polymerization; temperature
range: 313-333 K
5.9
8.5
109
Measured by dilatometry in both benzene
120
and 1,4 dioxane (kp/k-5 higher in dioxane)
By ESR; temperature range: 303-333 K;
121
solution polymerization in
1,1,2-trichloroethane; initiator:
2,2 '-azobis(4-methoxy-2,4dimethylvaleronitrile) (V-70)
By ESR; assuming Ed = 109.5;
121
solution polymerization in
1,1,2-trichloroethane; initiator:
2,2 /-azobis(4-methoxy-2,
4-dimethylvaleronitrile (V-70)
In water solvent
25
In DMF solvent
32
TABLE 3. cont'd
Monomer
Ep
Et
Ep \Et
Acrylonitrile {cont'd)
26.8
~0
6.8
21.4
29.6
7.0
Remarks
In DMF solvent
Estimated from data on solution
copolymerization with styrene as azeotrope
42.7
D-Fluoroacrylic acid
-, methyl ester
23.9
Polymerization in NaSCN solution with

Mn(CsH702)2 as free radical initiator;
temperature range: 295-313 K; value
estimated from overall activation energy
with Ed = 58.6 kJ/mol
9.6
Solution: acrylonitrile; initiator: AIBN;

(assume Ed = 128 kJ/mol)
Refs.
37
109
122
123
124
71
TABLE 4. METHACRYLIC DERIVATIVES

Monomer
Ep
Et
Methacrylamide
15.5
22.1
16.7
Methacrylic acid
17.7
-, butyl ester
- , butyl ester
17.4
18.4
20.4
20.9
21.8 0.27
22.9 1.1
4.6
12.7
8.8
Ev -\Et
7.1
16.1
14.1
16.7
23.3
20.4
20.5 0.24
- , i-butyl ester
22.5 0.42
21.5 0.35
-, f-butyl ester
27.7 2.5
-, chloromethyl ester
5.5
-, cyanomethyl ester
~ 8.4
- , dodecyl ester (lauryl ester)
15.5
29.8
21.5 0.34
13.7
16.2
- , ethyl ester
23.2
8.9
18.0
21.3
7.1
17.7
16.5
Remarks
Solvent: water
By PLP; temperature range: (288-328 K);
pH 1
By PLP-GPC; 33% monomer in
methanol; temperature range: 293-333 K
Refs.
34
110
125
109
Gamma ray initiation
27
Kinetics from calorimetry
55
Temperature range: 35-27C
Quoted in 58
By PLP
131
By PLP-GPC; P = 1000 bars; temperature
141
range: - 10 to 6O0C
Temperature range: 25-55C; by PLP bulk
135
polymerization; photoinitiator: benzoin
126
By PLP-MWD; bulk polymerization;
127
pressure: 1 bar; photoinitiator: benzoin
131
127
Temperature range: 9-66C; by PLP with
128
benzoinethyl ether as free rapid initiator
Ampoule and emulsion polymerization;
78
AIBN initiator
Solution: acetonitrile AIBN initiator
87
calculated, assuming Ed of
AIBN= 128 kJ/mol from overall activation
energy; temperature range: 50-70 0 C
Quoted in 58
Bulk polymerization with BPO initiator;
66
temperature range 60-80 0 C; maximum
conversion 1%
ByPLP
131
135
135
photoinitiator: benzoin
Gamma ray initiation; temperature range:
52
30 to 55 0 C; kinetics from calorimetry
Quoted in 58
Data from bulk and solution (50% DMF);
63
AIBN initiator; kinetics from GLC and
gravimetry
TABLE 4. cont'd
Monomer
Methacrylic acid, ethyl ester {cont'd)
Ev
Et
27.0
22.8 0.35
20.46
- 6.6
Ev-\Et
30.4
27.0
22.9 0.46
22.2
16.3
-, hexadecyl ester
- , hexyl ester
- , methyl ester
20.1
18.0
26.4
18.4
24.3
20.9
18.8
11.9
0
2.1
0-16.7
10.5
~ 8.4
20.5
18.4
23.2
20.9-12.6
18.8
22.4
22.8
13.2
11.2
22.6 2.5
Tends to 0
22.6 2.5
13.0
19.7
18.2 0.2
3.3
2.9 0.0
18.0
16.7 0.2
23.4
20.4
~ 10.5
15.1
20.9 3.3
1.6 0.4
20.1 3.6
31.3
21.3 0.25
18.2
26.4
11.7
29.1
3.55
22.6
18.9
15.7
18.0
18.2
24.2
18.3
31.3
0 2.5
2.93
2.9
26.9
2.94
21.1
36
-14 8
- 1 6 15
22.2 0.3
Remarks
Refs.
Quoted in 79
ByPLP
131
By PLP; temperature range: 298-328 0 C;
135
bulk polymerization; photoinitiator: benzoin
Evaluated for emulsion polymerization
129
By PLP-GPC; bulk polymerization,
127
Bulk polymerization; initiator: AIBN
130
Solution polymerization in benzene;
130
initiator: AIBN
Quoted in 58
Quoted in 58
4
7
28
Termination by combination or
30
disproportionation
47
In emulsion
31
Gamma ray induced; temperature range:
48
- 25 to 55 0 C; used a combination of DCS
and inhibition with DPPH to find kinetic
parameters
Polymerization in benzene; DMDM initiator;
49
temperature range: 50-80 0C
Bulk polymerization; DBPO initiator;
53
maximum conversion 25%; ESR used to find
kinetic parameters
Isothermal bulk; polymerization with AIBN
56
initiator; DCS used to follow reaction;
value found assuming E& AIBN= 128 kJ/mol
Quoted in 58
Bulk polymerization; AIBN initiator
64
temperature range 15-3O 0 C; reaction
followed by spatially intermittent
polymerization; DP 10000-15000
Bulk polymerization; AIBN initiator;
65
1-butanethiol used as CTA; value assumes
Ed AIBN= 128 kJ/mol
Solution: benzene; AIBN initiator; kinetic
68
data from molecular weight data;
maximum conversion 5%
Emulsion data; particle sizes from turbidity;
72
potassium persulfate initiator
Solution: benzene; AIBN initiator; kinetic
77
parameters from intermittent illumination
Bulk polymerization
85
ByPLP
131
132
133
109
Temperature range: 293-353 K
156
Suspension polymerization
134
Spatially intermittent polymerization/
164
emulsion polymerization
135
136
137
Solution polymerization in toluene
138
139
1 Bar; temperature range: 323-353 K,
140
low conversion
100 bars
1000 bars
141
TABLE 4. cont'd
Monomer
Ep
Methcrylic acid, methyl ester (cont'd)
22.4
Et
Ev-\Et
Remarks
PLP plus GPC for bulk polymerization;
22.2
23.9
22.2
nonyl ester
octyl ester
phenyl ester
o-methylphenyl ester
0-ethylphenyl ester
6>-iso-propylphenyl ester
/7-methylphenyl ester
p-ethylphenyl ester
/7-iso-propylphenyl ester
/?-te7t-butylphenyl ester
ethyl a-Benzoyloxymethyl ester
17.2
15.9
13.0
12.1
- , ethyl a-acetacetoxymethyl ester

- , 2-(3-chloro-3-methylcyclobutyl)-2hydroxyethyl ester
Methacrylonitrile
10.4
20.9
- , -Phenyl-a-methylene-p-lactam
TABLE 5.
10.9
9.7
9.2
9.6
12.2
14.4
10.6
9.3
13.2
9.5
11.5
24.55
30.68
48.1
29.7 1.5
142
143
144
145
2.9
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
Refs.
37.7
22.8
By PLP-GPC; bulk polymerization;

pressure: 1 bar; photoinitiator:
2-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylacetophenone;
By PLP-GPC; bulk polymerization;
146
pressure: 1 bar; photoinitiator: benzoin;
Quoted in 58
Quoted in 58
147
147
147
147
147
147
147
147
By ESR, assuming E& = 129; solution
148
polymerization in benzene; initiator: AIBN
149
Polymerization in dioxane using BZ2O2 as 150
initiator
Solution: MEK; AIBN initiator; calculated
81
using Ed AIBN = 128 kJ/mol;
20
By PLP; solution polymerization in
151
benzylactone; temperature range:
283-333K
Solution polymerization in n-methyl-2152
pyrrolidone with AIBN (calculated from
O v assuming Ed of AIBN= 129 kJ/mol)
VINYL HALOGENS
Monomer
Ev
Tetrafluoroethylene
17.4
5.4
30.0
16.0
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
27.6
104
37.7 5.9
Et
13.6
0.8
16.3
17.6
18.2
167
20.9 10.5
Ep-\Et
10.6
5.0
21.8
7.4
12
20.5
27.2 11.1
Remarks
Validated for model of suspension

polymerization
For suspension polymerization
Solvent: hexane
Solution: N-methylpyrrolidone; AIBN used
as photoinitiator; most runs < 1%
conversion
Refs.
46
43
42
17
153
154
9
67
TABLE 6. VINYL ETHERS AND VINYL ESTERS

Monomer
Ep
Et
Butyl vinyl ether
Vinyl acetate
E9-\Et
46.4
18.0
30.6
13
18
18
393
19.6 2.9
O
21.9
0
<4
0
0
Refs.
Bulk polymerization; initiator DTBPO;

assume Ed = 51.5 kJ/mol (Ref. 82)
at given conditions; GPC data used to find
kinetic parameters
18.0
19.6
13
16-18
0
19.6 2.9
~ 26.4
20.5 0.39
26.4
23.5
Remarks
Bulk polymerization; DBPO and

cyclohexyloxyperoxide initiators;
ESR used to find kinetics
Bulk polymerization; DBPO and cyclohexyloxyperoxide initiators; temperature range:
55-70 0 C; DSC used for kinetics;
maximum conversion 20%
11.7
Validated for emulsion copolymerization
with ethylene; temperature range:
293-323 K; pressure range: 0-34 bar
14.2
28.1
19.7 2.9
23.7
23.6
24.2
26.4
35.2
Temperature range: 293-353 K

For emulsion polymerization
Emulsion polymerization
4.0
13.4
14.2
Rotating-sector method; bulk

polymerization; photoinitiator: benzoin
photoinitiator: benzoin
27.8
84
1
5
6
18
22
38
53
57
131
133
102
155
109
156
157
158
159
160
155
161
TABLE 7. STYRENE AND DERIVATIVES

Monomer
Styrene
Ep
49.0
27.24.2
26.0
32.5
31.0 & 35.0
54.0 & 59.0
25.0
73.6
29.0
E1
Ep-\Et
11.74.2
8.0
9.9
21.3 6.3
22.0
27.5
In emulsions
In emulsions
2.0
24.0
37.7
9.2 0.5
24.9 0.4
34.1
29.0 3.0
Refs.
In emulsion
25.1
29.5 0.1
Remarks
Gamma ray induced; bulk liquid phase

polymerization; maximum conversion 10%;
Low conversion; bulk polymerization;
ESR spectroscopy used for kinetics
Bulk photopolymerization; kinetics from
spatially intermittent polymerization
technique; temperature range: 15-36 0C
DP 2400-2700
AIBN initiator; assume Ed = 128 kJ/mol;
bulk polymerization 1-butanethiol as CTA;
maximum conversion 0.4%
In emulsion; reaction followed by
dilatometry
2
3
10
11
15
19
29
36
42
50
51
64
65
70
Table 7. cont'd
Monomer
Ep
Et
Ep-\Et
32.2
32.5
14.5
25.2
17.7
29.6
Remarks
Emulsion data; assume N = 0.5, sodium
persulfate and sodium bisulfite initiators
In emulsion; sodium persulfate initiator
25.2
37.8 1.7
39.8
36.1
15.6
18.7
29.5
44.4
29
36.4
37.5 1.6
30.8
10.91
30.0
29.0
32.3
31.5
31.5
31.5
18
9.5
14.2
32.5
/?-Bromostyrene
o-Methylstyrene
/7-Methylstyrene
32.0
58.2
32.0
a-Methyl styrene
Divinylbenzene
29.6
29.6
54.3
35.5
30.5
8.27
8.4
29.8
Ep
Et
By ESR; temperature range: 273-403 K

Suspension polymerization; conversion less
than 0.8; temperature range: 283-353 K
Spatially intermittent
polymerization/emulsion polymerization
High conversion suspension polymerization
Emulsion polymerization; temperature
range: 318-338 K
ESR; temperature range: 323-363 K
By PLP; temperature range: 298-328 K
By PLP; temperature range: 293-353
For dp (degree of polymerization) >4
For all chain lengths together
Bulk and diluted systems initiated by
(p-acetylbenzylidene)triphenylarsonium
Measurements by rotating sector method;
initiators: AIBN (30-50 0 C),
BPO (70-90 C)
Styrene
Perdeuterated styrene
PLP; temperature range: 303-363 K; in bulk
Measurments by ESR; photo and thermal
initiation; temperature range: 293-363 0C
PLP; temperature range: 261-366 K;
bulk polymerization with photoinitiators:
benzoin and 2,2-dimethoxy-2phenylacetophenone (DMPA)
In emulsion
In emulsion
25.4
Searched by EVM
Refs.
76
79
89
132
109
156
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
39
36
36
109
175
176
177
178
TABLE 8. VINYL HETEROAROMATICS

Monomer
Ev-\Et
3-Methylene-5,5-dimethyl-2-pyrrolidone
8.2
Methylene-Af-methylpyrrolidone
20.1
N-Vinylcarbazole
2-Vinylpyridine
Af-Vinylpyrrolidone
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
28.9
33.5
29.7
68.0
40.Od= 2.0
31.6 3.0
23.0
20.9
6.7
19.0
13.0
9.0
8.0
23.0
26.4
58.5
33.5 2.0
27.5 3.0
19.0
Remarks
Solution polymerization in DMSO with
AIBN (calculated from ov assuming
d o f AIBN =129 kJ/mol)
In bulk and in solution with acetonitrile;
AIBN initiator (assume Ed = 128 kJ/mol)
Low conversion
In various solvents: (A) Water
(B) L-Propanol
(C) Methanol
(D) Ethyl acetate;
rates followed by dilatometry
Refs.
179
86
42
40
41
61
Table 8. cont'd
Monomer
Ev
E1
E9-Et
4.8
(1) 12.8
(2) 10.8
65.8 0.1
29.7
Remarks
Refs.
Template polymerization in DMF; AIBN

initiator; DSC used to follow reaction
Solution polymerization
In DMF; assume Ed of AIBN in
DMF =142 kJ/mol; reaction followed by
DSC in 2 modes: (1) dynamic
(2) isothermal
Aqueous phase polymerization with
potassium peroxydiphosphate Ag + ;
6.7
4-Methylene-4H-l,3-benzodioxin-2-one
11.2
Solution polymerization in
rc-methyl-2pyrrolidone with AIBN (calculated from
Eov assuming Ed of AIBN= 129 kJ/mol)
74
75
180
181
182
TABLE 9. MISCELLANEOUS COMPOUNDS

Monomer
Acetaldehyde
Ep
Et
Ep-\Et
46.0 6.3
Diethyl fumarate
25.0 2.0
26.5
Diisopropyl fumarate
Formaldehyde
D-Methylene-y-butyrolactone
16.8
8.4
Vinylferrocene
20.0
16.3
12.1
7.9
N-Vinyl-methylacetamide
ot-Ethyl, P-hexafluoroisopropyl itaconate
26.9
18.0
57.4
29.0
21.0
28.5
30.0
24.0
66.1
Diethyl itaconate
Diisopropyl itaconate
Di--Butyl itaconate (DBI)
0.5
4.35
l,l-bis[(l-adamantyloxy)carbonyl]-2-vinylcyclopropane
Diethylene glycol bis-allyl carbonate (DEAC)
A^-Acryloyl-2,2-dimethyl-5-phenyl-l,
3-oxazolidine (ADPO)
87.1
53.6
29
21
Remarks
Refs.
Radiation induced in solid phase; calorimetry

used to follow reaction; temperature range:
130-150 0 K
(assume Ed = 128 kJ/mol) dilatometry
used to follow the reaction; temperature
range: 60-80 0 C
Assuming Ed = 129; by dilatometry;
bulk polymerization; initiator: AIBN
54
59
183
184
Quoted in 54
Solution: DMF; AIBN initiator (assume
80
Ed = 128 kJ/mol); E9-E1K
12.1
Note nonclassical kinetics; overall
62
activation energy does not equal
Ed + Ep Et/2\ can approximate
Et = that of styrene
Solution: methanol; AIBN initiator;
83
maximum conversion 10%;
temperature range: 25-75 0C
Polymerization in benzene catalyzed by
185
dimethyl 2,2-azobisisobutyrate
Polymerization in benzene catalyzed by
186
(no SnCl4)
(0.342 mol/1 SnCl4)
Polymerization in benzene catalysed by
187
Assuming Ed = 129; by ESR; solution
188
polymerization in benzene; initiator:
AIBN
Assuming Ed = 129.1; By ESR;
188
solution polymerization in benzene;
/
initiator: 2,2 -azobis(isobutyrate): MAIB
Ring-opening solution homopolymerization
189
in benzene; temperature range: 323-343 K;
with AIBN (assume D,AIBN = 123.5 kJ/mol)
Rotating sector method; Initiator: BPO
190
Assuming Ed = 124.3; temperature range:
191
323-343 0 C; solution polymerization
in benzene; initiator:
2,2'-azobis(isobutyrate): MAIB
Table 9. cont'd
Monomer
Ep
Et
Af-Cyclohexyrmaleimide (CHMIm)
40.9
20.1
Af-Acryloyl-/?-aminobenzoic acid
Ep-\Et
48.3
Remarks
By ESR; temperature range: 313-333 K;
solution polymerization in benzene;
initiator: AIBN
Assuming E^= 129; solution polymerization
in dioxane; initiator: AIBN
Refs.
192
193
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Activation Volumes of
Polymerization Reactions
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Reactions
G. Influence of Pressure on Copolymerization
Table 1. Copolymerization Parameters
Table 2. Reactivity Ratios of
Terpolymerization
Table 3. Activation Volumes
Table 4. Q, e Values
H. References
A.
11-436
11-437
II-437
II-438
II-439
II-440
II-440
INTRODUCTION
The activation volume is included in the pressure

dependence of the reaction rate constant (1-4):
(Al)
where k is the reaction rate constant, p is the pressure, T, the
temperature K the volume, and Av*, the activation volume
(analogous to the activation energy). It is the difference
between the partial molar volume of the activated complex,
as formed in the transition state theory by the efficient
collision of molecules, and those of the initial reactants.
The sign of the activation volume depends on the type of
the chemical reaction. If new bonds are formed in the
transition state, the activated complex is larger than the
* Table 3. Activation Volumes.
initial species, and hence the activation volume is positive.

Inversely the activation volume is negative if bonds are
stretched and broken.
For a rough calculation of the activation volume, we can
assume that the formation of new bonds as well as
stretching occurs along the axis of a cylinder, whose
constant cross section is determined by the van der Waal's
radii dmA/2, dmB/2, and dmC/2 of the atoms A, B, C:
(A2)
with A A B = (0.10-0.35) dmAB, A B ,c = (1.10-1.35)J m B C ^mB,c (see Refs. 2,5,6), N is the Avogadro number, dmAB,
dmBC = bond length (values, see Ref. 7), and d mB c is the
interatomic distance at the minimum of potential (sum of
van der Waal's radii), d mA / 2 , dmB/2 (see Ref. 8).
The stretching of the bonds in the transition state is about
0.01-0.1 nm, whereas the change in the distance dmB
between the unbonded atoms is usually larger (up to
0.25 nm).
If the decomposition of the activated complex causes
only small changes in the bond length or in the distance
between the atoms, its partial molar volume differs from
that of the activated complex only slightly. Hence we can
assume
where Av is the excess of the partial molar volume of the

reaction products over the partial molar volumes of the
initial species.
This simplification is valid for reactions in which
products of cyclic structure are formed, as in the dimerization of cyclopentadiene, with Ai>* ~ Av = 30cm 3 /mol
(9, 10).
A second term is added to the volume change of the

reacting molecules in the transition state if a polar solvent is
involved. This term takes into account the change in the
packing density of the surrounding solvent molecules due to
the arising or disappearing of electrostatic charges between
the solvent and the reactant species. This volume change is
negative in bimolecular association and positive in unimolecular dissociation and tends therefore to counteract the
effect of volume change during the reaction. The activation
volume can be determined according to Eq. (Al) from rate
measurements at different pressures and constant temperature using a semilog plot of reaction rate constant versus
pressure. In this evaluation the value of (QV/dp)T/V can
often be neglected, because the compressibility of fluid
reactants and compressed gases is generally small at
pressures above 100-200MPa.
At very high pressures the increase of the reaction rate
constant at negative activation volume is retarded by the
lower mobility of the molecules due to the increased
viscosity. This effect was first measured by Hamann (11) in
an examination of the alkaline etherification of ethyl
bromide at pressures up to 4000MPa. It was also found
in the polymerization of styrene by Nicholson and Norrish
(12).
In order to obtain the reaction rate as an explicite
function of pressure, Eq. (Al) can be integrated, neglecting
the compressibility and assuming that the activation volume
does not change greatly with pressure (13):
(A3)
where kp is the reaction rate constant at pressure p and fco is
the reaction rate constant at reference pressure po.
According to Eq. (A3) the reaction rate constant increases exponentially with pressure if the activation volume
is negative and decreases if Ai;* is positive. Eq. (A3) is
valid only in the high pressure range (p > 50MPa). At low
pressures the compressibility cannot be neglected anymore,
and the activation volume changes noticeably with pressure,
especially in the neighborhood of the critical point.
Simmons and Mason (14) studied the dimerization of
chlorotrifluoroethylene at pressures up to 10 MPa. They
found that the value of the negative activation volume
decreases first with pressure and then increases rapidly. It
has a maximum at the critical point and after decreasing
again it approaches asymptotically a constant value.
The authors describe the pressure dependence of the rate
constant, taking account of the partial molar volume of the
initial reactants as well as that of the activated complex by
the use of suitable equations of state (e.g., Redlich-Kwong
or virial coefficient equations).
In order to appreciate the influence of pressure on the
reaction rate constant one can compare it with the influence
of the temperature: an increase in pressure (activation
volume Av* = 25cm3/mol) at a temperature of 500C
from 0.1 to 450MPa corresponds to a temperature increase
(activation energy E = 84kJ/mol) from 50 to 1050C.
Experimentally determined overall activation volumes of

some polymerization reactions are listed in Section B. The
data were determined from the dependence of the overall
rate constant of the polymerization reactions on pressure.
The values are more or less negative, hence the rate of
polymerization increases with pressure.
The overall activation volume is composed of the
activation volumes of the different polymerization steps,
initiation, or initiator decomposition, chain propagation and
chain termination:
(A4)
where Av* is the activation volume of chain propagation,
Av^ is the activation volume of initiation with respect to
initiator decomposition, and Ai;* the activation volume of
chain termination.
The activation volumes of initiator decomposition
(values in Section C) are always positive because this
reaction is a unimolecular dissociation, in which a bond
(e.g., the O-O bond in peroxides and peresters or the N-N
bond in azo-compounds) is stretched in the transition state
and finally broken. As mentioned before, Ai;^ depends on
the solvent. It can significantly be influenced by a change of
electrostatic charges, viscosity, and cage effects. The
activation volume of initiator decomposition is different
when induced decomposition is involved at high concentration of the initiator or when the initiator decomposes in a
concerted mechanism. Av^ is small for two-bond scission
initiators (15). The activation volume is higher for one-bond
scission initiator, bulky molecules, and when more bonds
brake simultaneously. The data collected in Section C were
obtained in separate measurements, observing the decrease
of the initiator concentration with time at different
pressures. The disappearance of the initiator can also be
measured during polymerization by observing the light
absorption at a characteristic waver length or using
scavenger techniques.
In the chain propagation reaction, the decrease in the
distance between the radical and the monomer molecule is
greater than the increase in length of the double bond of the
monomer. Hence the activation volumes Ai;* listed in
Section D are always negative. The data for Ai;* are
measured at high pressures by the method of the rotating
sector together with Ai;*, the activation volume of chain
termination.
The activation volumes Ai;* are also negative as shown
in Section E. Mostly the termination reactions are diffusioncontrolled. The reactant molecules undergo translational
diffusion at first to form a collision pair. It follows the
movement of the reactive sites on these molecules into a
position favorable to chemical reaction. This process has
been considered to be the rate-determining step. The
activation volume involved in this so-called segment
diffusion is observed. When chain termination is governed
by translational diffusion, the activation volume, Ai;*is for
viscous flow, is the key parameter for the evaluation of the
influence of pressure.
The chain transfer of a radical to the monomer, to a

"dead" polymer, or to a modifier molecule is mostly
favored by the pressure which means that the activation
volumes should be negative, whereas the activation volume
of the intramolecular transfer (by "back biting"), which
initiates the formation of short side chains, can be negative
or positive. The activation volumes of these reactions are
determined from the change in short- and long-chain
branching or from the change of the average molar mass or
degree of polymerization of the formed polymers with
pressure.
Under the assumption that the monomer and the polymer
concentration do not change over a wide range and that the
temperature is kept constant, the following relation can be
derived from kinetic considerations:
modulus increase with pressure:

(A7)
(A5)
where v = chain length.

The small negative activation volume of the intramolecular chain transfer shows that this reaction step, which
determines the short chain branching, is less favored by
high pressures, which means that polymers with high
density and crystallinity can be synthesized at high
pressures.
Similar considerations also show that the composition of
copolymers and thus their molecular structure is influenced
by the synthesis pressure. The pressure dependence of the
copolymerization parameters r\ and r2, which determine
the composition of a copolymer, is expressed by the
relationship
where VZG is the number of branches and Av *r is the

activation volume of the chain transfer reaction.
Analogously, the influence of the pressure on the chain
transfer to a modifier can be described by the expression
(A8)
(A6)
where P is the average degree of polymerization obtained in
the presence of a transfer agent and P n o is the average
degree of polymerization obtained in the absence of a
transfer agent.
Because of the mostly negative sign of the activation
volumes (listed in Section F), the radical transfer to the
modifier molecule is often slightly decreased at high
pressures.
The activation volume of degradation reactions which
can occur at high temperatures should be positive because
bond cleavage increases the volume of the activated
complex more than the formation of double bonds from
single bonds decreases it.
The difference in the activation volumes of the various
component reactions results in a different influence of the
pressure on the rate constants and leads to modified
polymers. Because of its larger negative activation volume
the chain propagation reaction is more favored by high
pressures than the termination. The chain length and
consequently the tensile strength as well as the tensile
where Av*n, Av* 22 are the activation volumes of the

propagation reaction between a monomer molecule and a
radical formed from the same monomer, and Av *12, Ai>*21
are the activation volumes of the propagation reaction
between a monomer molecule and a radical formed from
the comonomer.
Equation (A8) is valid if the composition of the initial
reaction mixture does not change appreciably with pressure.
According to Eq. (A8), an increase in pressure favors the
inclusion of monomers, which in homopolymerization
show a large negative activation volume (e.g., substituted
olefins). Values of copolymerization parameters obtained at
different pressures and activation volumes of some
copolymerization reactions are listed in Section G.
When r\ and Yi should be calculated for high-pressure
copolymerization, following Alfrey and Price, the pressure
dependence of Q, e data must be taken into account. Some
values of Q and e for high pressures are collected in Section
G. The dependence of the e data of two monomers on
pressure is given by the equation
(A9)
B. ACTIVATION VOLUMES (cm3/mol) OF SOME POLYMERIZATION REACTIONS
Monomer
Acenaphthylene
Acetaldehyde
Acrylic acid anhydride

Acrylonitrile
AUyI acetate
/V-(4-Anilinophenyl)acrylamide
3,3-Bis(chloromethyl)oxetane
Butadiene
Butyl acrylate
Butyl acrylate
Butyl methacrylate
2-Cyclopropylpropene-l
Diallyl cyanamide
Diallyl phthalate
3,3-Dichloropropene-l
l,l-Dichloro-2-vinylcyclopropane
Diethyl fumarate
3,3,3-Difluorochloropropene-l
l,l-Difluoro-2-vinylcyclopropane
Maximum
pressure
(MPa)
390
150
844
844
844
400
200
850
100
200
300
500
1500
500
500
500
500
100
100
100
300
460
700
100
100
100
300
460
>460
140
140
600
500
500
1000
1000
1000
300
1400
1000
1000
Temp. (0C)
60
100-200
-60
- 70
-78
50
50
80
60
60
60
60
60
60
50
70
95
30
30
20
20
20
20
60
30
20
20
20
20
70
20
80
70
70
40
80
20
60
30
50
20
2,3-Dimethyl-l,3-butadiene
Ethylene
1,2-Epoxycyclohexane
Az-Hexyl methacrylate
Indene
Isobutyl methacrylate
Isoprene
Solvent
AIBN
Diethyamine
DMF
DMF
THF
Toluene
Benzene
Toluene
Benzene
Heptane
DEE
250
760
200
190
129
50-70
225-235
80
100-210
110-220
250
110-550
175
300
840-1250
450
800
800
100
1400
1400
1400
1400
200-300
190
130-165
170-240
127-197
135-165
60
20
20
64
60
20-30
20-30
20
20
Initiator0
Heptane
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl acetate
A^*
-5.8
-12.5
-11.1
- 8.0
-6.2
AIBN
-14
AIBN
-22*
BPO
-13.4
AIBN
-36.1
-31.2
- 22.3
-15.4
-6.4
BF3/diethyl ether
-16
-8.8
-13.3
-17.2
ACN
-26.3
ACN
-26.3
Radiation
-21.0
-21.2
- 5.7
-11.4
AIBN
-25.6
ACN
-17.4
Radiation
-21
-21.2
-5.7
-14.4
AIBN
-23
Stannic chloirde
-15
TBPB
-14
AIBN
- 9 . 9 to -11.8
AIBN
-14.3
DCPC
0 to 8*
AIBN
-14^
Stannic chlorde
- 30 to - 70
-14
DCPC
-15
AIBN
-15
Stannic chloride
-45
BuLi
-36
BuLi
-48
DTBP
- 2 0 to - 2 3
AIBN
- 3 to - 6
Peroxide
- 20 to - 26
DCPC
-10
Enanthylperoxide
- 5 8 to - 6 8
Methylinobutylketone
-18
TBPO
- 1 8 to - 2 2
TBPP
-22.6
Oxygen
- 1 2 to - 1 8
Diphenyl disulfide
-29
DTBP
-17.5
BPO
-13
Radiation
- 24
-17.4
-21.0
AIBN
-23.9
Oxygen
-11.0
BPO
- 7 . 9 to 18.0
HLOI2O
-7.9
HLW2O
-9.8C
Refs.
16
127
142
51
52
17
150
55
141
91
154
147
128
90
94,95
53
53
54
130
57
56
18
58
59
59,60
133
46,20
19
73
74
151
114
61
79
21
85
79
55
94
22
122
23
24
Monomer
Isopropenylcyclopropane
Itaconic acid
Maleic anhydride
Maleimide
Methyl acrylate
Methyl methacrylate
a-Methylstyrene
Octyl methacrylate
Propylene
Sodium allylsulfonate
Styrene
Maximum
pressure
(MPa)
Temp. (0C)
1400
1400
1400
500
500
500
500
20
70
20
40
50
60
70
500
100
180
270
400
700
200
300
100
20-40
50
20
20
20
20
40
40
30
300
550
100
100
100
100
100
100
400
100
20
20
50
50
40
50
60
70
50
50
100
100
100
100
100
350
500
500
500
500
100
50
50
50
50
50
60
50
60
70
80
30
1600
1600
1600
800
400
400
400
900
208
21
48
83
80-100
80
90
100
22
Radiation
Radiation
Radiation
AIBN
BPO
BPO
BPO
Radiation
Radiation
273
400
100
25
30
30
Radiation
Radiation
ACN
200
280
400
600
300
100
200
40
40
40
40
50
50
60
Radiation
Radiation
Radiation
Radiation
AIBN
AIBN
AIBN
Initiator0
Solvent
Dichloromethane
DMF
DMF
DMF
DMF
Methanol
Benzene
HI/H2O
AIBN
Stannic chloride
AIBN
AIBN
AIBN
AIBN
BPO
AIBN
Radiation
Peroxide
Peroxide
ACN
Radiation
Acetone
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
Butyraldehyde
Carbon
tetrachloride
Dichloroethane
Ethanol
Ethyl acetate
H-Hexane
Trichloromethane
Peroxide
AIBN
Peroxide
Peroxide
Peroxide
Peroxide
AIBN
AIBN
AIBN
AIBN
Peroxide
Peroxide
Peroxide
AIBN
AIBN
AIBN
AIBN
ACN
H2O
\v*
-10.8
-23.0
-15.0
- 23.2
-27.4
-30.8
-32.3
4.6
- 1 5 to - 25
-17.6
-21.4
-22.9
-3.6
-12.8
-19
-19
-15.6
-21.8 C
-23.6
-13.7
-26.0
-21.6
-17
-19
-21
-23
-25
-19
-21
-20
- 24
-19
-22
-18
-14.5
-13.8
-11.8
-10.7
-26.3
-25.6 C
-9.6
-9.6
-12.2
-14
-9.0
-10.8
-12.7
- 5 to - 7
-20.5
-18.6 C
+ 5.8
-20.9
-18
-17.1
-17.6 C
-15.8
-50.5
-4.3
-29.5
-21
-20.2
-15
Refs.
158
140
132
122
129
147
25
26
87,153
93,95
27
129
27
27
27
27
62
27
27
27
27
27
27
18
135
99
28
144
145
137
136
126
89
146
146
146
146
64
27
149
Monomer
Maximum
pressure
(MPa)
Temp. (0C)
293
265
265
274
60
80
80
25
274
l,l,2,2-Tetrachloro-l,3-butadiene
Tetrahydrofuran
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
25
200-500
100
100
60
50
50
100
400
400
100
50
50
50
50
300
100
100
100
100
400
100
400
268
293
440
300
300
100-600
1400
250-540
100
600
400
400
300
25-30
50
50
50
50
60
50
60
60
60
60
30
40
72
25-80
60
30
20
40
40
40
400
500
390
390
390
390
250
200
300
200
400
65
60
40
50
60
70
50
60
60
60
60
Initiator0
Solvent
Emulsion
Emulsion with SDS
SDS
Emulsion with
aerosol OT
Emulsion
Emulsion with
nonionic
emulsifier
Emulsion
Acetone
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
Butyraldehyde
Butyraldehyde
Carbon
tetrachloride
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
Dichloroethene
Ethanol
Ethyl acetate
Isopropyl aldehyde
Hexane
Propionaldehyde
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
Triethylamine
Triethylamine
Triethylamine
Triethylamine
Acetone
Butyraldehyde
Carbon
tetrachloride
Trichloroethylene
Benzaldehyde
Benzene
Benzonitrile
Toluene
AIBN
BPO
Thermal
Radiation
Av*
Refs.
-18
-17
-25.8
138
- 18.7C
- 17.9C
-18.3c
29
125
125
Radiation
AIBN
AIBN
AIBN
Peroxide
AIBN
AIBN
AIBN
HClO4
AIBN
AIBN
AIBN
AIBN
AIBN
AIBN
AIBN
Peroxide
AIBN
AIBN
BPO
BPO
Thermal
BF3/diethyl ether
ACN
Radiation
AIBN
AIBN
AIBN
AIBN
BPO
BPO
BPO
BPO
LPO
AIBN
AIBN
AIBN
AIBN
138
138
138
-21.6
139
139
-11.1
-25.5
-19.2
-23.0
-18
-25
-22
-19.1
35
27
27
63
30
65
63
27
- 2 0 to - 2 5
-21.9
-21.2
-19.6
-24.3
-6.8
-19.1
-15.5
-16
-17
-17
-18
> 11.5
-17.5
-36
-22
-17.2
-9
-19
-21
-13
155
27
27
27
27
157
27
157
31
29
29
32
33
34
159
55
86
148
62
62
36
-10.5
-16.7
-4.6
-6.8
-8.1
-10.4
-18
-4.1
-20.5
-12.0
-8.2
65
131
143
124
98
131
98
98
a
Abbreviation: ACN: l,l'-azobiscyclohexane-l-carbonitrile; AIBN: 2,2/-azobisisobutyronitrile; BPO: benzoyl peroxide; DCPC: dicyclohexyl peroxidicarbonate; DEE:
diethyl ehter; DMF: dimethylformamide; DTBP: di-terf-butyl peroxide; LPO: lauroyl peroxide; TBPB: terf-butyl perbenzoate; TBPO: te/Y-butyl peroctoate; THF:
tetrahydrofuran; SDS: sodium dodecylsulfate; Aerosol OT: sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate; TBPP: tert-butyl pervivalate.
^Calculated by other authors.
c
Cationic polymerization.
C. ACTIVATION VOLUMES OF INITIATOR DECOMPOSITION
Initiator
Solvent
AIBN*
Azobis-terf-butanolate
Benzoyl peroxide
2,2-Bis(tert-butyl peroxy)butane
Decanoyl peroxide
Dicyclohexyl peroxydicarbonate
Di-rc-propyl peroxydicarbonate
Dioctanoyl peroxide
Di-tert-butyl peroxide
Pentaphenylethane
tert-Amyl perneodecanoate
tert-Amyl perpivalate
tert-Buty\ cyclohexanecarboxylate
tert-Buty\ perbenzoate
tert-Butyl perneodecanoate
tert-Butyl perpivalate
tert-Butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate
terf-Butyl phenylperacetate
1-Methyl-l propylpentyl perpivalate
1,1,4-Trimethylpentyl perpivalate
1,1,4-Trimethylpentyl
perneodecanoate
Toluene
Toluene
Octane
Acetophenone
Allyl acetate
Iso-dodecane
Benzene
Iso-dodecane
Benzene
Iso-dodecane
Benzene
Iso-dodecane
-Heptane
Cyclohexane
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Iso-dodecane
Iso-dodecane
Cumene
Cumene
Benzene
Iso-dodecane
Iso-dodecane
n-Heptane
Benzene
Cumene
Iso-dodecane
Iso-dodecane
Iso-dodecane
Absolute pressure
(MPa)
Temperature
(0C)
Activation volume Av J
(cm3/mol)
Refs.
0.1-150
0.1-1000
0.1-630
0.1-650
0.1-550
0.1-300
0.1-300
0.1-200
0.1-300
0.1-300
0.1-300
0.1-300
0.1-300
0.1-730
0.1-300
0.1-730
10-230
0.1-730
0.1-730
0.1-150
100-270
0.1-300
0.1-300
0.1-410
0.1-410
0.1-300
0.1-300
0.1-300
0.1-200
0.1-300
0.1-410
0.1-300
0.1-300
0.1-300
70
62.5
55
80
80
60
70
135-212
<100
95-200
<100
80-200
<100
120
143-230
120
140-200
120
120
60
50
100-200
120-200
80
80
<100
100-200
120-200
65-105
<100
80
120-200
120-200
100-200
13.1
3.8* to 9.4C
4.3
4.8
4.7
9.7
8.6
22.3
3
4.3
4
5.9
15
12.6
13.4
13.3
10.1
6.7
5.4
7
5
7.0
9.4
3.9
10
7
6.1
6.1
1.6
6
1
13
14
9
37
37
104
38
17
39
39
81
78
75
78
75
78
40
75
40
77
40
40
37
37
75
75
101
102
78
75
88
78
78
103
76
76
76
Absolute pressure
(MPa)
Temperature
(0C)
Activation volume Av*

(cm3/mol)
Refs.
0.1-100
0.1-100
-40
50-175
0.1-100
0.1-100
0.1-100
0.1-100
30
30
24
130-200
30
30
30
30
-22.5
-23.2
-39
-25.5
-19
-24.7
-17.9
-23.3
91
90
152
85
87
99
89
86
Azobisisobutyronitrile.
^Photometric analysis.
c
By 12 scavenger technique.
D.
ACTIVATION VOLUMES OF C H A I N PROPAGATION
Monomer
Solvent
Butyl acrylate
Butyl methacrylate
Ethylene
Ethylene
Methyl methacrylate
Octyl methacrylate
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
/-Butanol
-
Initiator
ACNa
ACN
Radiation
Diphenyl disulfide
ACN
ACN
ACN
ACN
ACN: 1,1 -azocyclohexane-1,1' -dicarbonitrile.
E. ACTIVATION VOLUMES OF CHAIN TERMINATION
Monomer
Butyl acrylate
Butyl methacrylate
Ethylene
Methyl methacrylate
Octyl methacrylate
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
a
Solvent
-
Initiator
ACN"
ACN
Diphenyl disulfide
ACN
ACN
ACN
ACN
Absolute pressure
(MPa)
Temperature
(0C)
Activation volume Av *
(cm3/mol)
0.1-100
0.1-100
50-175
0.1-100
0.1-100
0.1-100
0.1-100
30
30
130-200
30
30
30
30
20.8
17.8
7
25.0
20.8
13.1
16.3
Refs.
91
90
85
87
99
89
86
ACN: 1,1 -azocyclohexane-1,1 '-dicarbonitrile.
F.
A C T I V A T I O N V O L U M E S O F C H A I N TRANSFER REACTIONS
Activation volume (cm3/mol)

Monomer
Acrylonitrile
Ethylene
Transfer agent
Butyraldehyde
Acetone
Butane
Butanone
Cyclohexane
Cyclopentane
Ethanol
Ethylbenzene
Ethylene
Isopropanol
Polyethylene - intermolecular
intramolecular
Propane
Toluene
Xylene
Methyl methacrylate
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Butyraldehyde
Butyraldehyde
Isobutyraldehyde
Triethylamine
Butyraldehyde
Butyraldehyde
Absolute pressure
(MPa)
Temperature
(0C)
0.1-400
0.1
136-238
138-240
136-238
136-238
136-238
138-240
198-240
136-238
138-240
136-238
138-240
136-238
-250
138-240
136-238
110-200
110-200
180-300
138-240
136-238
138-240
136-238
138-240
138-238
0.1-400
0.1-400
600
0.1-400
181-440
0.1-400
0.1-400
50
50
130
130-200
130
130
130
130-200
130-200
130
130-200
130
130-200
130
130-255
130-200
130
100-300
100-300
175-275
130-200
130
130-200
130
130-200
130
50
50
60
50
60
50
50
Av*r
-24.9
-24.5
-21.3
-22.9
-19.3
-20.1
-19.9
-23
-21
-22.9
-30.7
4.7
-33.8
Av* - \v*r
-6.6
8
-1.1
-1.1
-3.2
-2.9
-1.5
-1.5
-4.7
-4.7
-3.1
-3.1
-6.7
-6.7
-6.1
-6.1
3
5
20-24
-3.1
-3.1
4.7
4.7
7.8
7.8
-6.6
-15
-11
-6.6
- 2 to - 3
-3.2
-3.8
Refs.
62
62
41
83
41
41
41
83
83
41
83
41
83
41
96
83
41
82,85
82,85
83,84
83
41
83
41
83
83
67
63,65,68
33
68
42
67
67
G.
INFLUENCE OF PRESSURE ON COPOLYMERIZATION
TABLE 1. COPOLYMERIZATION PARAMETERS

Copolymerization parameters
Monomer 1
Monomer 2
Acrylonitrile
Ethyl cinnamate
Solvent
Absolute pressure
(MPa)
Temperature
( 0 C)
0.1
80
280
0.1
300
0.1
300
0.1
300
0.1
300
0.1
300
0.1
300
0.1
200
400
3.5
60
51
102-204
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
60
120
3.5
34
102
204
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
118
0.1
288
0.1
300
0.1
200
0.1
300
0.1
300
0.1
300
0.1
320
0.1
300
0.1
600
0.1
300
0.1
300
60
Ethyl fumarate
Methyl acrylate
a-Methylstyrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Butyl acrylate
Styrene
Cyclopentene
Maleic anhydride
Benzene
Ethylene
Vinyl acetate
Benzene
Isopropyl alcohol
AyV-Dimethylformamide
tert-Butyl alcohol
Vinyl butyrate
Vinyl chloride
tert-Butyl
-
Vinyl formate
tert-Butyl
Vinyl isobutyrate tert-Butyl
Vinyl pivalate
tert-Butyl
Vinyl propionate tert-Butyl
Maleic
anhydride
Acenaphthylene
2-Ethyl-l-hexene
1-Hexene
2-Methyl-2-butene
a-Methylstyrene
Norbornene
Thiophene
Methyl acrylate
a-Methylstyrene
Croton aldehyde
Methyl vinyl ketone
Vinyl-2-pyridine
alcohol
alcohol
alcohol
alcohol
alcohol
Acetic anhydride
60
62
62
120
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
74
62
62
62
62
62
60
70
70
70
70
70
70
50
50
50
50
/*i
2.4
2.8
3.9
5.5
9.20
0.65
0.76
0.05
0.04
0.02
0.05
3.10
3.50
0.20
0.17
0.49
0.21
0.10
0.74
0.94
0.6
0.82
0.80
0.77
0.92
0.74
0.79
0.80
0.696
0.16
0.16
0.21
0.586
0.609
0.645
0.674
0.68
0.07
0.10
0.15
0.11
0.15
0.10
0.10
0.005
0.005
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.08
20
20
0.50
0.60
0.20
0.30
r2
0.17
0.21
0.36
0.15
0.10
0.46
0.43
0.15
0.10
0.65
0.53
0.10
0.05
0.62
0.50
0.049
0.041
0.030
1.51
1.20
0.95
0.99
1.39
1.485
1.13
1.50
1.40
1.37
1.505
2.7
2.1
2.0
1.29
1.49
1.49
1.50
1.26
0.43
0.32
0.015
0.011
0.015
0.010
0.035
0.025
0.04
0.03
0.05
0.03
0
0
0.27
0.23
0.02
0.02
1.80
1.20
1.10
1.05
Refs.
69
69
69
105
105
105
105
105
105
105
105
105
105
105
105
100
100
100
97
97
41
41
116
116
116
116
117
118
120
41
41
41
120
120
120
120
115
43
43
106
106
106
106
106
106
106
106
106
106
106
106
105
105
105
105
105
105
105
105
TABLE 1. cont'd
Copolymerization parameters
Monomer 1
Monomer 2
Methyl
methacrylate
Acenaphthylene
Styrene
Solvent
Absolute pressure
(MPa)
Temperature
(0C)
0.1
60
Toluene
Acrylonitrile
Toluene
Methyl acrylate
Toluene
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
Toluene
Diethyl fumarate
Benzene
Diethyl maleate
Benzene
Ethyl methacrylate
Benzene
190
390
0.1
10
100
3.4
590
118
0.1
100
250
0.1
10
100
0.1
10
100
0.1
10
100
0.1
10
100
0.1
100
300
3.4
59
118
3.4
59
118
0.1
10
100
0.1
150
200
0.1
200
300
0.1
300
0.1
150
250
0.1
200
400
Methyl methacrylate -
Vinyl acetate
Vinylidene
chloride
Methyl acrylate
Toluene
Methylacrylate
Toluene
Vinyl acetate
Benzene
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Isopropyl acetate
Vinylidene chloride
Indene
rx
r2
Refs.
0.57
3.1
43
0.60
0.58
1.34
1.46
2.01
2.42
2.36
2.40
0.25
0.27
0.31
0.37
0.43
0.55
0.26
0.29
0.32
6.53
7.08
9.50
0.56
0.62
0.72
0.704
0.710
0.718
1.20
1.12
1.10
0.86
0.82
0.77
44
46
47
2.6
2.5
2.5
0.54-0.55
0.560
0.605-0.70
0.90
0.60
0.025
0.025
0.03
0.475
0.500
0.525
70
62
62
62
60
70
60
60
50
60
62
62
62
62
62
62
60
60
60
60
60
1.9
1.6
0.12
0.37
0.45
0.31
0.31
0.30
0.07
0.08
0.095
0.07
0.13
0.14
0.06
0.09
0.15
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.50
0.55
0.67
0.159
0.163
0.171
0.09
0.11
0.13
0.38
0.39
0.41
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.04
0.04
0.01
0.80-1.135
1.145
0.80-1.165
0.30
0.35
3.2
3.1
3.1
0.205
0.215
0.225
43
43
44
44
44
119
119
119
69
69
69
44
44
44
70
70
70
70
70
70
45
45
45
69
69
69
119
119
119
119
119
119
46
46
46
47
47
47
69,105
69
69,105
105
105
47
47
47
69
69
69
TABLE 2. REACTIVITY RATIOS OF TERPOLYMERIZATION"

Pressure (MPa)
ri2
r2\
ri3
r$\
r23
r32
0.1
300
5.5
3.2
0.15
0.10
0.02
0.05
0.65
0.53
0.06
0.15
0.15
0.25
Monomers: (i) acrylonitrile; (ii) diethyl fumarate; (iii) styrene.
Refs.
107,108
TABLE 3. ACTIVATION VOLUMES

Monomer 1
Monomer 2
Acrylonitrile
Butyl acrylate
Cyclopentene
Ethylene
Ethylfumarate
Methyl acrylate
a-Methylstyrene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Styrene
Maleic anhydride
Vinyl acetate
Ethylene
Indene
Vinyl acetate
Acrylonitrile
Isoprene
Maleic anhydride
Solvent
Benzene
Heptane
Dioxane
Heptane
Heptane
Methyl vinyl ketone

Methyl methacrylate
Vinylidiene chloride
Acrylonitrile
Heptane
2-Ethyl-l-hexene
2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene
1,1-Diphenyl ethylene
1-Hexane
Cyclohexene
2-Methyl-2-butene
a-Methylstyrene
Norbornene
Thiophene
trans-Stilbene
Absolute pressure
(MPa)
0.1-300
0.1-300
0.1-300
0.1-300
0.1-300
0.1-300
0.1
-0.1-600
2.5-60
110-190
0.1-300
0.1-300
0.1-300
0.1-200
0.1-300
0.1-300
0.1-300
0.1-300
0.1-320
0.1-300
Temperature
( 0 C)
50
50
50
50
50
50
60
60
62
240
50
50
50
50
50
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
60
Av*
Av*n - Av\2
Av^2 - Av^1
-5.0
-1.5
~0
-8.5
-1.1
0
3.7
~0
3.7
1.9
6.3
1.0
9.3
-11.3
2.7
11.9
0
0
2.5
0
-4.3
-3.6
-1.0
0
- 2 6 . 4 to - 3 7 . 4
-36
-17.5
-18.0
-24.0
-20.1
- 17.8 to - 19.1
27.0
-36
-25
- 5 0 to - 6 0
-18
-23
-25
-35
-28
-26
-25
C O P O L Y M E R I Z A T I O N O F MALEIC A N H Y D R I D E W I T H M O N O - A N D
POLY-SUBSTITUTED OLEFINS
Substitution
mono-
di-(l,2)
gem-
tritetra-
Methyl acrylate
a-Methylstyrene
Croton aldehyde
Maleic anhydride
Methyl vinyl ketone
Vinyl-2-pyridine
Comonomer
Refs.
107
105
105
105
105
105
100
100
97
72
48
48
49
48
71
50
106
106
106
106
121
106
106
106
106
106
160
Activation volume (cmVmol)
= CH(Pr)
= CH(Bu)
= CH(z-Pr)
= CH(i-Bu)
= CH(J-Bu)
= CH(Ph)
CH(Me) = CH(Et)
CH(Me) = CH(Z-Pr)
CH(Me) = CH(J-Bu)
CH(Z-Pr) = CH(Z-Pr)
CH(Ph) = CH(Ph)
= C(Me)(Pr)
= C(Me)(Z-Pr)
= (MeXf-Bu)
= C(Me)(CH2J-Bu)
= C(Me)(Ph)
= C(Et)(Et)
= C(Et)(Bu)
= (Ph)(Ph)
CH(Me) = C(Me)(Me)
CH(Et) = C(Me)(Me)
C(Me)(Me) = C(Me)(Me)
0.1-300
0.1-300
50
50
0.1-300
0.1-300
50
50
-16.6
-18.0
-17.0
-17.5
-31
-18.5
-19.0
- 20.0
-35
-18.5
-25.0
-31
-33
-60
-46
-35
-34
-36
-50
- 25
- 31
-25
1.0
0
0.7
0
-1.9
-3.7
1.9
~0
- 1 8 to - 2 5
105
105
71
105
105
TABLE 3. cont'd
Monomer 1
Monomer 2
Methyl
methylacrylate
Styrene
Methyl acrylate
TABLE 4.
Solvent
Absolute pressure
(MPa)
Temperature
(0C)
3.4-118
62
Diethyl fumarate
Methyl acrylate
Methyl methacrylate
Vinyl-2-pyridine
Av*
Av*n - bv\2
Sv*22 - Av*21
0.9
- 1 8 to
- 13.8 to
- 1 8 to
- 2 3 . 5 to
-25
- 14.5
-25
-26
-2.2
1.8
Refs.
119
71,105
71
71
71
Q, e VALUES
Qa
Monomer
At 0.1 MPa
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
rt-Butyl acrylate
rc-Butyl methacrylate
Crotonaldehyde
Diethyl fumarate
Diethyl maleate
Ethylene
Ethyl methacrylate
Indene
Isobutylene
Isopropenyl acetate
Methylacrylate
Methyl methacrylate
oc-Methylstyrene
Methyl vinyl ketone
Propylene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl pivalate
2-Vinylpyridine
Vinylidene chloride
0.53(0.83)^
0.53(0.50)
0.40(0.30)
0.62 (0.66)
0.015(0.02)
0.20 (0.03)
0.03(0.04)
0.015(0.013)
0.62(0.57)
0.30(0.36)
0.025 (0.029)
0.08 (0.02)
0.44(0.44)
0.63(0.74)
1.40(1.00)
1.07 (0.65)
0.010 (0.008)
1.20(1.00)
0.06 (0.03)
0.0450(0.056)
0.023 (-)
1.05(1.03)
0.27(0.26)
ea
At 300 MPa
0.45
0.62
0.40
0.70
0.015
0.25
0.03
0.05
0.66
0.28
0.022
0.12
0.44
0.63
1.65
1.03
0.015
1.35
0.05
0.045
0.046
0.95
0.24
At 0.1 MPa
+0.91(0.88)*
+0.90(1.20)
+0.35(0.74)
- 0.08 (0.34)
+0.80(0.84)
+1.35 (2.17)
+0.62(1.40)
-0.15 (-0.15)
0.00(0.35)
-1.10 (-1.03)
-1.72 (-1.06)
-1.30 ( - 0.34)
+0.60(0.60)
-0.20(0.38)
-1.30 (-1.27)
+0.95 (1.11)
-1.50 ( - 2.20)
-1.10(-0.80)
- 0.20 ( - 0.22)
+0.16(0.20)
-0.19 (-)
-0.60(-0.50)
+0.42(0.40)
At 300 MPa
+0.64
+0.95
+0.35
- 0.54
+0.80
+1.25
+0.40
-0.02
-0.35
-1.05
-1.25
-1.60
+0.60
-0.05
-1.40
+1.15
-1.05
-1.22
- 0.35
+0.19
-0.02
-0.50
+0.43
Refs.
108
105
105
92
105
105,109,25
109
110
92
111,108
112
105
105
108,25
105
105
112
105,108,92
105,108,110
112,41
113
105
108
a
Reference monomer is methyl acrylate (105).
^Values in parentheses refer to the values of styrene.
H.
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90. M. Yokawa, Y Ogo, T. Imoto, Makromol. Chem., 175, 2903
(1974).
91. M. Yokawa, Y Ogo, T. Imoto, Makromol. Chem., 175, 2913
(1974).
92. H. Asai, T. Imoto, Nippon Kagaku Zasshi, 85, 149 (1964).
93. T. Sasuga, M. Takehisa, J. Makromol. Sci. Chem. A, 12 (9),
1307 (1978).
94. T. Sasuga, M. Takehisa, J. Makromol. Sci. Chem. A, 12 (9),
1333 (1978).
95. T. Sasuga, S. Kawanishi, M. Takehisa, J. Makromol. Sci.
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96. M. Buback, Ch.-R. Choe, E.-U. Franck, Makromol. Chem.,
185, 1685 (1984).
97. F. de Kok, D. Heikens, A. L. German, Proc. 4th Int. Conf.
High Pressure, Kyoto 1974, Phys. Soc. Japan.
98. Y Ogo, M. Yoshikawa, S. Ontani, T. Imoto, J. Polym. Sci.
Chem., 16, 1413 (1978).
99. M. Yokawa, I. Yoshida, Y Ogo, Makromol. Chem., 178,443
(1977).
(1973).
101. R. C. Neumann, J. V. Behar, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 91, 6024
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102. R. C. Neumann, J. V. Behar, Tetrahedron Lett., 3281 (1968).
103. R. C. Neumann, J. V. Behar, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 89, 4549
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104. R. C. Neumann, R. J. Bussey, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 92, 2440
(1970).
105. G. Jenner, S. Aieche, J. Polym. Sci. Chem., 16, 1017 (1978).
106. M. Kellou, G. Jenner, Makromol. Chem., 180, 1687 (1979).
107. S. Aieche, G. Jenner, Polymer, 19, 1236 (1978).
108. W. Dellsperger, K. Weale, Am. Chem. Soc, Polym. Prepr.,
11, 645 (1970).
109. H. Asai, Nippon Kagaku Zasshi, 85, 247 (1964).
110. R. van der Meer, E. H. M. van Gorp, A. German, J. Polym.
Sci., Polym. Chem. Ed., 15, 1489 (1977).
111. T. Yala-Lutokanu, G. Jenner, A. Deluzarche, Bull. Soc
Chim. France, 609 (1974).
112. K. Hamanoue, Rev. Phys. Chem. Japan, 38, 120 (1968).
113. R. van der Meer, A. German, 15th Meeting EHPRG, Darmstadt, Germany (1977).
114. G. Luft, W. Henning, M. Dorn, Angew. Makromol. Chem.
(in press).
115. J. Schrijver, J. L. Ammerdorffer, A. L. German, J. Polym.
Sci. Chem., 20, 2693 (1982).
116. R. van der Meer, M. W. A. M. Aarts, A. L. German, J>

Polym. Sci. Chem., 18, 1347 (1980).
117. R. van der Meer, A. L. German, J. Polym. Sci. Chem., 17,
571 (1979).
118. R. van der Meer, A. L. German, D. Heikens, J. Polym. Sci.
Chem., 15, 1765 (1977).
119. J. Schrijver, A. L. German, J. Polym. Sci. Chem., 21, 341
(1983).
120. R. van der Meer, E. H. M. van Gorp, A. L. German, J. Polym.
Sci. Chem., 15, 1498 (1977).
121. G. Jenner, M. Kellou, M. Papadopoulos, Angew. Chem.
Suppl., 929 (1982).
122. T. Bartnik, B. Baranowski, Polym. J. Chem., 53 (3), 741
(1979)
124. A. Crosato-Arnaldi, G. B. Guarise, G. Talamini, Polymer,
10, 385 (1969).
125. G. B. Gualise, Polymer, 7, 497 (1966).
126. G. B. Gualise, G. Palma, E. Siviero, G. Talamini, ibid., 11,
613 (1970).
127. T. Imoto, Mem. Fac Eng., Osaka City Univ., 3, 217 (1961).
128. T. Imoto, H. Asai, Nippon Kagaku Zasshi, 85, 149 (1964).
129. T. Imoto, H. Asai, ibid., 85, 347 (1964).
130. T. Imoto, T. Nakajima, Kogyo Kagaku Zasshi, 69, 520
(1966).
131. T. Imoto, Y. Ogo, Y Hashimoto, ibid., 70, 1952 (1967).
132. G. Jenner, M. Kellou, Abstracts, 15th Annual Meeting of
European High Pressure Research Group, Darmstadt, 1977,
p. 12.
133. A. R. Khalilpour, G. Jenner, A. Deluzarche, Bull. Soc Chim.
Fr., 3-4 (2), 583 (1976).
134. G. Luft, R Lim, M. Yokawa, Makromol. Chem., 184, 207
(1983).
135. T. Mitani, Y. Ogo, T. Imoto, Rev. Phys. Chem. Soc Japan,
42, 25 (1972).
136. R W. Moore, F. W. Ayscough, J. G. Clouston, J. Polym. Sci.,
Polym. Chem. Ed., 15, 1291 (1977).
137. R W. Moore, J. G. Clouston, R. R Chaplin, ibid., 19, 1659
(1981).
(1983).
(1983).
140. H. Nakomoto, Y. Ogo, T. Imoto, Makromol. Chem., I l l , 104
(1968).
141. J. Osugi, K. Hamanoue, E. Hirayama, Nippon Kagaku
Zasshi, 87, 1032 (1966).
142. J. Osugi, T. Mizukami, ibid., 87, 1157 (1966).
143. J. Osugi, K. Hamanoue, ibid., 90, 544 (1969).
144. J. Osugi, K. Hamanoue, ibid., 90, 549 (1969).
145. T. Sasuga, N. Morishita, A. Udagawa, Y Kusama,
M. Takehisa, J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Chem. Ed., 14, 2527
(1976).
146. T. Sasuga, S. Kawanishi, J. Phys. Chem., 83, 3290 (1979).
147. T. Sasuga, S. Kawanishi, M. Takehisa, J. Macromol. ScLChem. A, 14 (4), 605 (1980).
148. T. Sasuga, S. Kawanishi, M. Takehisa, Macromolecules, 16,
545 (1983).
149. T. Sano, Y. Ogo, T. Imoto, Kobunshi Ronbunshu., 32, 338

(1975).
150. Y. Tanaka, K. Noguchi, T. Shibata, A. Okada, Macromolecules, 11, 1017 (1978).
151. O. N. Tsvetkov, T. N. Tsvetkova, V. N. Monastyrskii, Plast.
Massy, 9, 9 (1975).
152. T. Wada, T. Watanabe, M. Takehisa, J. Polym. ScL, Polym.
Chem. Ed., 10, 2639 (1972).
(1974).
(1974).
155. A. A. Zharov, Al. Al. Berlin, N. S. Enikolopyan, J. Polym.

ScL, Part C, 16, 2313 (1967).
156. V. A. Zhorin, A. A. Zharov, Yu. V. Kissin, N. S. Enikolopyan,
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 219, 674 (1974).
157. V. M. Zhulin, M. G. Gonikberg, Dokl. Akad. Nauk, SSSR,
163, 106 (1965).
158. V. M. Zhulin, A. R. Volchek, M. G. Gonikberg, A. S.
Shashkov, S. V. Zotova, ibid., 14A, 1484 (1972).
159. V. M. Zhulin, Z. G. Makarova, N. V. Klimentova, A. P.
Suprun, A. N. Akopyan, G. P. Shakhovskoi, ibid., 24A, 2621
(1982).
160. G. Jenner, M. Kellou, Tetrahedron, 37, 1153-60 (1981).
A c t i v a t i o n
S t e r e o c o n t r o l
E n t h a l p i e s
i n
F r e e
a n d
E n t r o p i e s
R a d i c a l
o f
P o l y m e r i z a t i o n s
H a n s - G . Elias
Michigan Molecular Institute, 1910 West St. Andrews Rd., Midland, Ml 48640, USA
A. Introduction
B. Tables
Table 1. Ratios of Some /-ads for Different
Mechanisms
Table 2. Ratios of Rate Constants for Markov
First Order Mechanisms
Table 3. AH^. - AHf/s and A S ^ - ASf/s of
Free Radical Polymerizations in
Different Solvents
Table 4. Activation Enthalpy Differences
(AH\ - AHl) Calculated from
Various Literature Data
Table 5. Activation Entropy Differences
(ASl-ASl)
Calculated from
Various Literature Data
Table 6. Calculated Compensation
Temperatures T0 and Compensation
Enthalpies AAHQ for Various
Monomers and Modes of Addition,
Assuming Markov First Order Trials
C. References
A.
il-445
II-446
II-446
II-447
(b) The last monomeric unit of the chain, but not the
last diad, controls the propagation step. The probabilities
for the formation of isotactic and syndiotactic diads are
thus different (pi / ps). The process is Bernoullian
(zeroth order Markov statistics) with respect to the
formation of diads. Consequently, the probability of
forming an isotactic diad at an existing isotactic diad
equals the probability of forming an isotactic diad at an
existing syndiotactic diad (P1J1 = ps/{), and, by analogy,
Ps/s = Pi/s It follows for the diads (6,8)
II-448
II-449
(A3)
and for the triads
(A4)
(A5)
II-449
II-450
INTRODUCTION
In free radical polymerization, the tacticity of the resulting

polymer depends on the propagation step, i.e., on stereocontrol by the propagating end. The following simple cases
exist:
(a) The last monomeric unit does not control the
stereospecificity of the propagation step. Isotactic (i) and
syndiotactic (s) additions thus exhibit the same conditional
probabilities (px ps). The mole fractions x of the resulting
isotactic and syndiotactic diads are equal (x\ = xs). If all
steps occur at random, the four conditional probabilities for
the formation of triads are equal Q)^1 = p-x/s = ps/-x = /? s / s ),
and so are the conditional probabilities for the formation of
tetrads, pentads, etc. The resulting polymer is a true atactic
polymer. It follows that
(Al)
(A2)
where xa is the mole fraction of isotactic triads and xss is the

mole fraction of syndiotactic triads. ;cht is the mole fraction
of heterotactic triads, regardless of whether formed by the
formation of an isotactic unit at a syndiotactic one
(conditional probability ps/i) or vice versa (conditional
probability p i / s ).
(c) The last two monomeric units of the chain, i.e., the
last monomeric diad, regulate the stereocontrol of the
propagation step. The four conditional probabilities do
not equal each other (P1J1 ^ pi/s ^ ps/i ^ ps/s)- The mole
fractions of isotactic (JCH), syndiotactic (xss) and heterotactic
triads (jcht) are thus given by (8,11)
(A6)
(A7)
This process corresponds to a Markov trial of first
order.
(d) Second order Markov statistics are present if the last
two diads (i.e., the last triad or the last three monomeric
units) control the propagation step. In this case

(A8)
(A9)
(AlO)
(All)
In order to distinguish between Markov second order and
Markov first order mechanisms, at least tetrads must be
known.
The probability of the addition of a 'b' diad (b = i, s) to
an existing end 'a' (a = i, s) is given by the corresponding
rates R:
(A12)
with a = i, s or b = i, s, in the Markov first order case, or
a = ii, is, si, ss b = ii, is, si, ss, in the Markov second order
case.
Using these definitions and assuming steady states and
the equality of instantaneous and final diad and triad
fractions, one can express ratios of all diads, triads, and
tetrads in terms of rate constants (Table 1) or ratios of rate
constants in terms of diad, triad, etc. fractions (Table 2).
The rate constants themselves can be calculated if the rate
constants of propagation are known for the corresponding
experimental conditions (1).
From the temperature dependence of the expressions
given in Table 2, differences in activation enthalpies
(AHA* A//g) and differences in activation entropies
(AS^ - AS^) can be calculated:
from literature data as very few triad fractions have been

reported.
For any two modes of addition, the compensation effect
between AAH$ and AAS$ (10,12,43) for the polymerization of a given monomer, in different solvents and/or at
different monomer/solvent ratios, can be described by
(A14)
The compensation temperature To has been found to be
independent, of the mode of addition (e.g., A = i/i vs.
B = i/s) within the limits of error (12,43). However, the
compensation enthalpy AAH^ depends on the mode of
addition.
B. TABLES
TABLE 1. RATIOS
OF SOME /ADS FOR DIFFERENT
MECHANISMS0
Mechanism
i-ad Ratio Bernoulli
Markov 1st order Markov 2nd order
From Ref. 42.
(AB)
TABLE 2. RATIOS OF RATE CONSTANT FOR MARKOV FIRST

ORDER MECHANISMS0
The quantities (AH\ - A # | ) and (AS* - AS^) may

reflect activation parameters (2,3), conformation parameters
(4,5), or combinations thereof.
Table 3 gives the difference AAH^ = AHJ - A # | and
AAS^ = AS\ - ASg calculated from the temperature
dependence of diad ratios X[/xs. In the case of Bernoulli
trials, they represent AHf - AHj and ASf - AS^,
respectively. For first order Markov trials, they stand for
AHj/{ - AH}/S and ASJ/{ - Asf/s, respectively. In general,
both AAH^ and AAS^ depend on the solvent (9,10), and
consequently on the monomer/solvent ratio (11,12), but
they are nearly independent of monomer conversion.
Table 4 gives the differences in activation enthalpies for
modes of addition other than s/i vs. i/s, and Table 5 gives
the corresponding differences in activation entropies. Only
a few of these activation parameters could be calculated
Ratios of rate constants Expressions giving ratios of rate constants
From Ref. 43.
TABLE 3.
AHJ/J -
AIfJ1 AND Asjfi - As}/s OF FREE RADICAL POLYMERIZATIONS IN DIFFERENT SOLVENTS*
Monomer (H-additive)
Acrylonitrile
Vol.%
30
100
Acrylic acid, isopropyl ester
?
?
- , methyl ester
?
a-Chloroacrylic acid, methyl ester
?
Methacrylonitrile
100
100
- , ( + 1 mol SnCV2 mol monomer)
3:1*
- , ( + 1 molSnCVl mol monomer)
2:1*
- , ( + 1 molSnCyi mol monomer)
1:1*
- , ( + 1 mol SnCl4/2 mol monomer)
1:1*
Methacrylic acid
10
20
20
20
-,anhydride
?
- , benzyl ester
50
- , j-butyl ester
50
- , f-butyl ester
50
- , p-carboxyphenyl ester
?
?
100
- , glycidyl ester
45
50
57
100
- , a-methylbenzyl ester
50
- , methyl ester
9. \d
9Ad
9. ld
9Ad
9.1*
9Ad
9Ad
9Ad
9Ad
9Ad
9Ad
9.1^
9.1d
9Ad
20
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
28.5
50
100
100
100
100
100
- , - , ( + 8.7 mol ZnCl2A mol MMA)
1.1
- , - , ( + 1 mol ZnCl2A mol MMA)
3.2e
- , - , (0.04 mol ZnCl2A mol MMA) 100
- , - , ( + 1 mol ZnCl2/2 mol MMA)
100
- , - , ( + 1 mol ZnCl2A mol MMA)
100
- , - , ( + 1 mol SnCU/2 mol MMA)
100
Solvent
(J/mol)
Toluene
Bulk
3770 59
0
0
0
3800 190
250 50
-410071
- 630 54
17063
251
2350 38
3980 92
3850 80
7800 180
314042
13300 210
2300 130
3430 63
2090 80
4310
0
1210 80
700 100
5780 42
8600 130
9800 110
3640 59
6280 75
5360 75
3480 71
3900 160
3140 88
5100 71
3500 150
3350 96
5317 8
3100 67
4860 75
5200 100
3900 110
2810 96
2720 34
7030 75
5860 21
9380 71
6700 46
4980 50
5200 210
6700 29
5650 80
2900 420
6200 110
4480
3800 230
230054
3560 84
2850 71
4100 71
2700190
- 1 3 0 80
- 40 130
800 100
?
Toluene
Bulk
Bulk
Toluene
Toluene
Benzene
Benzene
1-Propanol
1-Propanol
2-Propanol
Methanol
Benzene
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Dimethylformamide
/7-Cetyloxybenzoic acid
Bulk
Acetone
Dimethylformamide
Toluene
Bulk
Toluene
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Benzene
Butanone
y-Butyrolactone
Chloroform
Dimethylformamide
Dimethyl sulfoxide
1,4-Dioxane
Methylene chloride
Pyridine
Tetrachloroethane
Tetrahydrofuran
Toluene
Paraffin
Acetone
Chloroform
Dichloroethylene
Ethanol
^-Heptane
/i-Hexane
Toluene
Toluene
Bulk
Bulk
Bulk
Bulk
Bulk
Water
Ethyl acetate
Bulk
Bulk
Bulk
Bulk
(J/mol/K)
2.7 0.19
0
-5.9
- 5.9
2.5 0.59
3.0 0.14
-10.80.21
- 0.7 0.18
-0.10.18
0.750.88
9.76 0.096
- 2 . 2 0.32
- 1 . 8 0.28
10.5 0.63
- 4 . 1 0.13
44.4 0.63
- 1 . 7 3.8
2.0 0.22
- 2.6 0.29
2.09
- 6.87
- 5 . 0 0.20
9.5 0.36
5.0 0.15
14.2 0.042
17.5 0.28
2.2 0.22
10.2 0.23
7.3 0.26
2.3 0.23
4.2 0.46
1.4 0.27
7.5 0.23
3.4 0.46
2.5 0.28
7.4 0.30
2.0 0.22
7.7 0.22
7.2 0.29
4.4 0.33
0.8 0.26
1.6 0.13
9.0 0.23
5.36 0.067
16.0 0.21
8.4 0.13
3.6 0.14
3.69 0.059
8.50 0.092
3.9 0.26
1.3 1.3
9 3.8
4.2
-0.04 0.63
-1.80.16
3.3 0.24
2.2 0.20
5.2 0.2
1.130.054
- 9.80 0.67
- 6.7 0.46
- 8.2 0.33
Remarks
a
a
IR
IR
IR
IR
IR
IR
IR
a
Refs.
10,14
13
15
15
16
17
18
18
18
18
18
19
19
19
19
20
21
10,22
10,22
23
10,23
10,24
10,25
10,25
10,25
10,25
10,22
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
27
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
10,26
21
27
1
25
28
12
10,29
10,29
10,29
27
27
27
*In all cases, except those marked by IR (infrared) (see Remarks column), diad fractions were determined via NMR.
TABLE 3. cont'd
Monomer ( +additive)
Vol.%
- , - , ( + 1 mol SnCVl mol MMA)

- , L-menthyl ester
- , phenetyl ester
Trifluorochloroethylene
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl bromide
N-Vinyl carbazole
?
?
?
10
33.3
33.3
100
100
100
100
50d
50 J
50d
100
100
100
?
100
?
Vinyl chloride
- P , p-d2
Vinyl formate
a
c
e
100
50
50
0.4*"
100
?
6.5
100
100
?
?
?
?
Solvent
(J/mol)
Bulk
Toluene
Toluene
Bulk
n-Butyl acetate
o-Dichlorobenzene
Bulk
Bulk
Dimethylacetamide
Dimethylformamide
Dimethylsulfoxide
Hexamethylphosphoric
triamide
Hexane/nonane
Methylene dichloride
Toluene
Cyclohexane
Water/ethanol
Water
Bulk
Bulk
Bulk
Bulk
Acetone
Chloroform
Dimethylformamide
Bulk
Bulk
Bulk
w-Butyl acetate
Bulk
w-Butyl acetate
420 13
960 46
5600 1700
0
710
250
1930 5 4
2140 17
1270 3 0
- 4600 300
- 2850 100
-3300 500
-3400 200
-14.07 0.054
0.3 0.18
4.6 4.6
-5.8
2.5
2.1
5.3 0.17
5.99 0.080
2.72
- 20 1
-13.5 0.4
-15.4 1.4
-14.7 0.7
-1500 200
-2650 100
-3650 1000
1300 8 4
5000 1000
1500 630
2900 160
2260 5 0
1090 2 0
-2650 4
340 25
290 5 0
250 38
1050 5 4
880 25
2830
1800
1590
880
-10.5 0.7
-11.7 0.4
-16.0 0.8
2.5 0.42
18 4.2
2.9 2.0
6.78 0.067
5.7 0.14
1.9
-6.28 0.04
0.21 0.80
0.08 0.16
0.5 0.12
3.3 0.17
3.4 0.080
84
4.6
4.2
2.1
Data directly from literature, mechanistic assumptions unknown.

Literature data, calculated under the assumption of Bernoulli statistics.
mol/1.
TABLE 4.
(J/moI/K)
Remarks
-
a
a
a
IR
a
a
a
a
Refs.
27
30
21
31
32
32
34
34
44
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
36
35
35
37
34
44
34
41
41
41
38
41
32
32
32
32
Solvent/monomer molar ratio.

mol%.
f g/ml.
d
ACTIVATION ENTHALPY DIFFERENCE (AH* - AHj|) CALCULATED FROM VARIOUS LITERATURE DATA
\H\ - AHI (J/mol)

A = i/i
B = i/s
Monomer
Solvent
Glycidyl methacrylate
Acetone
Bulk
Dimethylformamide
Toluene
Methanol
1-Propanol
2-Propanol
33000 2300
25000 1400
14000 1500
27000 1800
Bulk
Bulk
Bulk
Ethyl acetate
70% ZnCl2/H2O
Acetone
Bulk
Chloroform
Dimethylformamide
Water
Water/methanol
Bulk
2800 120
- 1 3 110
-20160
2300230
700240
670 25
2850 84
1700 180
0150
423
3600 63
3180 46
Methacrylic acid (20 vol.%)

Methyl methacrylate/ZnCl2
9.34/0.369 (mol/mol)
2.00/1.00 (mol/mol)
1.00/1.00 (mol/mol)
3.19/3.19 (mol/mol)
1.10/9.6 (mol/mol)
Vinyl formate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride, P, P-d2
A = s/i
B = i/i
A = i/i
B = s/s
38000 2500
20000 1800
33000 2600
6500 750
300 160
5556 8
-130 110
-100 75
-21110
1800180
2200180
-1060 88
-1700 100
-3200 190
-250 190
1210
-1230 54
540 46
2430 59
- 4 2 88
-29130
2600170
1400150
-419 4
650 25
-520 46
-180 200
170
4420 29
2860 21
A = i/s
B = s/s
420 80
-1240 75
150 29
-340 59
- 2 9 29
-817
37063
70092
-1060 92
-1900 130
-300 190
-180 200
980
830 84
- 330 29
A = s/i
B = s/s
Refs.
7100 110
9300 140
580 33
10000 1000
3300 110
4010 96
8000 220
25
25
25
25
19
19
19
2310 54
-140 75
-46130
448054
355038
-2150 92
-900 130
-3700 1250
-440 230
2500
5600 140
2320 25
29
27
27
29
29
41
41
41
41
35
35
39
TABLE 5. ACTIVATION ENTROPY DIFFERENCES (As| - ASj[) CALCULATED FROM VARIOUS LITERATURE DATA
AS* - ASJ (J/mol/K)
Monomer
Solvent
A = i/i
B = i/s
Glycidyl methacrylate
Acetone
Bulk
Dimethylformamide
Toluene
Methanol
1-Propanol
2-Propanol
85 8.8
54 4.2
32 7.1
757.5
Methacrylic acid (20 vol.%)

Methyl methacrylate/ZnCl2
9.34/0.369 (mol/mol)
2.00/1.00 (mol/mol)
1.00/1.00 (mol/mol)
3.19/3.19 (mol/mol)
1.10/9.6 (mol/mol)
Vinyl formate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride, P, P-d2
Bulk
Bulk
Bulk
Ethyl acetate
70% ZnCl2 in water
Acetone
Bulk
Chloroform
Dimethylformamide
Water
Water/methanol
Bulk
4.00.34
-7.00.46
- 5 . 2 0.63
1.4 0.88
3.1 0.71
5.1 0.25
11.1 0.25
7.7 0.54
4.6 0.46
-1.3
11.7 0.25
8.3 0.17
A = s/i
B = i/i
A = i/i
B = s/s
A = i/s
B = s/s
A = s/i
B = s/s
125 8.4
72 8.0
100ll
- 1 . 3 2.3
-15.8 0.54
-1.84 0.04
2.3 0.25
- 3 . 4 0.25
.0.7 0.13
10.3 0.42
16.1 0.54
5.8 0.13
17 3.9
- 1 . 1 0.13
- 0 . 9 0.38
11.1 0.75
25
25
25
25
19
19
19
-2.90.29
-2.80.29
-1.7 0.38
3.9 0.71
5.20.54
- 5 . 6 0.29
- 7 . 6 0.25
-13.0 0.63
- 3 . 9 0.59
4.6
- 4 . 1 0.21
2.1 0.17
1.80.17
-8.00.38
- 6 . 0 0.46
1.8 0.63
-1.50.42
-0.75 0.04
2.55 0.080
- 1 . 1 0.13
- 0 . 3 0.13
4.5
15.3 0.54
7.03 0.080
-2.20.17
-1.50.13
- 0 . 8 0.21
0.4 0.25
1.60.25
- 5 . 8 0.29
- 8 . 6 0.34
-13.9 0.59
- 4 . 3 0.39
3.8
3.6 0.34
-1.30 0.08
1.1 0.13
-10.80.29
-7.7 0.42
5.7 0.13
3.80.13
- 9 . 3 0.29
- 5 . 0 0.38
-13.9 0.75
- 3 . 9 0.71
6.8
20.6 0.54
4.98 0.08
29
27
27
29
29
41
41
41
41
35
35
39
Refs.
TABLE 6. CALCULATED COMPENSATION TEMPERATURES T0 AND COMPENSATION ENTHALPIES AAH* FOR VARIOUS MONOMERS
AND MODES OF ADDITION, ASSUMING MARKOV FIRST ORDER TRIALS
Modes of addition
M
o
n
o
m
e
r
Acrylonitrile
Methacrylic acid, in alcohols
s/i
s/i
i/i
s/i
i/i
s/i
i/s
s/i
s/i
s/i
s/i
s/i
s/i
s/i
i/i
s/i
i/i
s/i
i/s
s/i
i/i
s/i
i/i
s/i
i/s
s/i
s/i
s/i
s/i
i/i
s/i
i/i
s/i
- , /-butyl ester
- , rc-butyl ester
- , /7-carboxyphenyl ester
- , glycidyl ester
- , hexyl ester
- , methyl ester
- , - , ( + ZnCl2)
- , /-propyl ester
- , rc-propyl ester
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
T0 (K)
i/s
i/s
i/i
i/i
s/s
i/s
s/s
s/s
i/s
i/s
i/s
i/s
s/s
i/s
i/s
i/i
s/s
i/s
s/s
s/s
i/s
i/i
s/s
i/s
s/s
s/s
i/s
i/s
i/s
i/s
i/i
s/s
i/s
1400
455
294 26
323 5
403 140
323 10
302 74
333 23
294 3
236 4
481
345 15
373 11
303 11
315 49
310 20
323 124
362 15
338 51
334 54
314 39
321 9
331 24
336 21
304 10
328 42
230 54
248 41
1100
283 25
2826
235 28
305 124
AAHJ (J/mol)
0
2780
6300 1260
-2300 510
6600 200
4480 21
- 1 8 0 63
4250 25
3304 4
3576 8
3308
3800 200
3500 120
3260 29
120 160
2600 130
1440 84
1470 50
1400 92
4010 75
1650 67
540 33
1930 42
2250 50
243 4
2530 80
3420 67
3300 176
-2050
820 130
-7517
900 160
- 2 2 0 420
TABLE 6. cont'd
Modes of addition
M
o
n
o
m
e
r
Vinyl formate
N-Vinyl carbazole
Vinyl chloroacetate
Vinyl trifluoroacetate
A
i/s
s/i
i/i
s/i
i/i
s/i
i/s
s/i
s/i
s/i
s/i
T0 (K)
s/s
s/s
i/s
i/i
s/s
i/s
s/s
s/s
i/s
i/s
i/s
248 9
219 1 0
362 2 3
315 1 6
323 2 7
330 9 5
320 1 8
316 5
- 243
300
340
AA/fJ (J/mol)
- 1 3 33
1130 5 9
-1400 130
850 8 0
-200 25
-290 42
970 9 6
740 2 1
288
419
167
"Based on data in Tables 3-5; see also Refs. 40,43.
REFERENCES
1. H. -G. Elias, Makromol. Chem. 137, 277 (1970).

2. J. W. L. Fordham, J. Polym. ScL, 39, 321 (1959).
3. C. E. H. Bawn, W. H. Janes, A. M. North, J. Polym. Sci. C 4,
427 (1963).
4. H. Fischer, Kolloid-Z., 206, 131 (1965).
5. P. L. Luisi, R. M. Mazo, J. Polym. Sci. A-2, 7, 775 (1969).
6. F. A. Bovey, G. V. D. Tiers, J. Polym. Sci., 44, 173 (1960).
7. T. G. Fox, H. W. Schnecko, Polymer 3, 575 (1962).
8. F. A. Bovey, "Polymer Conformation and Configuration",
Academic Press, New York, 1969.
9. H. Watanabe, Y. Sono, Kogyo Kagaku Zasshi, 65, 273 (1962).
10. H. -G. Elias, P. Goeldi, V. S. Kamat, Makromol. Chem., 117,
269 (1968).
11. E. L. Miller, SPE Trans., 3, 1 (1963).
12. P. Goeldi, H. -G. Elias, Makromol. Chem., 153, 81 (1972).
13. G. Svegliado, G. Talamini, G. Vidotto, J. Polym. Sci. A-I, 5,
2875 (1967).
14. H. Murano, R. Yamadera, J. Polym. Sci. B, 5, 333 (1967).
15. C. Schuerch, W. Fowells, F. P. Hood, F. A. Bovey, cited in
Ref. 36.
16. K. Matsuzaki, T. Uryu, K. Ito, Makromol. Chem., 126, 292
(1969).
17. K. Matsuzaki, T. Uryu, J. Polym. Sci. B, 4, 255 (1966).
18. H. Hirai, T. Ikegami, S. Makishima, J. Polym. Sci. A-1,7,2059
(1969).
19. J. B. Lando, J. Semen, B. Farmer, Polym. Preprints, 10, 586
(1969).
20. W. L. Miller, W. S. Brey, G. B. Butler, J. Polym. Sci., 54, 329
(1961).
21. K. Yokota, Y. Ishi, Kogyo Kagaku Zasshi, 69, 1966 (1966).
22. K. Matsuzaki, A. Ishida, N. Tateno, T. Asakura, A. Hasegawa,
T. Tameda, Kogyo Kagaku Zasshi, 68, 852 (1965).
23. Y. B. Amerik, I. I. Konstantinov, B. A. Krentsel, IUPAC,
International Symposium, Macromolecular Chemistry, Tokyo,
1966, Preprint 1.1.09.
24. K. Matsuzaki, A. Ishida, N. Tateno, IUPAC, International
Symposium, Macromolecular Chemistry, Prague, 1965, Preprint 265.
25. Y. Iwakura, F. Toda, T. Ito, K. Aoshima, Makromol. Chem.,

104, 26 (1967).
26. Y Kato, A. Nishioka, Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan, 37, 1614
(1964).
27. S. Okuzawa, H. Hirai, S. Makishima, J. Polym. Sci. A-I, 7,
1039 (1969).
28. F. A. Bovey, J. Polym. Sci., 46, 59 (1960).
29. T. Otsu, B. Yamada, M. Imoto, J. Macromol. Chem., 1, 61
(1966).
30. H. Sobue, K. Matsuzaki, S. Nakano, J. Polym. Sci. A, 2, 3339
(1964).
31. EA. Bovey, G. V. D. Tiers, Fortschr. Hochpolym. -Forschg., 3,
139 (1963).
32. M. Uoi, M. Sumi, S. Nozakura, S. Murahashi, cited in Ref. 33.
33. S. Murahashi, in: IUPAC, International Symposium,
Makromol. Chem., 3, 435 (1967) ( = Pure Appl. Chem., 15,
nos. 3-4 (1967)).
34. G. Talamini, G. Yidotto, Markromol. Chem., 100, 48 (1967).
35. J. Bargon, K. H. Hellwege, U. Johnsen, Makromol. Chem., 95,
187 (1966).
36. F. A. Bovey, F. D. Hood, E. W. Anderson, R. L. Kornegay, J.
Phys. Chem., 71, 312 (1967).
37. H. U. Pohl, D. O. Hummel, Makromol. Chem., 113, 203
(1968).
38. K. C. Ramey, D. C. Lini, G. Statton, J. Polym. Sci. A-I, 5, 257
(1967).
39. L. Cavalli, G. C. Borsini, G. Carraro, G. Confalonieri, J.
Polym. Sci. A-I, 8, 801 (1970).
40. H. -G. Elias, P Goeldi, Makromol. Chem., 144, 85 (1971).
41. H. -G. Elias, M. Riva, P. Goeldi, Makromol. Chem., 145, 163
(1971).
42. B. L. Johnson, H. -G. Elias, Makromol. Chem., 155, 121
(1972).
43. H. -G. Elias, P. Geoldi, B. L. Johnson, Adv. Chem. Ser., 128,
21 (1973).
44. R. E. Cais, W. L. Brown, Macromolecules, 13, 801 (1980).
45. D. R. Torrell, F. Evers, Makromol. Chem., 183, 863 (1982).
P r o d u c t s
o f
T h e r m a l
D e g r a d a t i o n
o f
P o l y m e r s
John Liggat
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland
A. Introduction
B. Tables
Table 1. Main-Chain Acyclic Carbon Polymers
Table 2. Main-Chain Carbocyclic Polymers
Table 3. Main-Chain Heteroatom Polymers
Table 4. Main-Chain Heterocyclic Polymers
Table 5. Cellulose and Its Derivatives
C. References
A.
11-451
11-451
11-451
II-464
II-465
II-473
II-475
II-475
INTRODUCTION
Polymer degradation is a complex phenomenon, and the

nature of the chemistry occurring during thermal decomposition can be difficult to determine precisely. The
observed products of degradation can be the result of a
mixture of primary, secondary or even tertiary decomposition processes, and as a consequence, the distribution of
products will depend on such factors as sample thickness
and melt viscosity, in addition to the more obvious factors
such as temperature, atmosphere and the chemical structure
of the polymer itself. It is often overlooked that abnormal
structures (terminal unsaturation, head-to-head structures,
peroxide links etc.) can also markedly effect polymer
stability and product distribution.
Products are of three types. Firstly, there are the volatile
small molecules (typically of the size of monomer or
smaller) which are fairly readily separated and character-
ized. Secondly, there are the larger molecules that represent

fragments of the chain. These species are volatile at the
degradation temperature but condense outwith the degradation zone. Generally produced as a complex spectrum of
oligomers, these fragments are more difficult to separate
and characterize in detail, particularly as internal rearrangements of the backbone often occur before and during
fragmentation. In many cases, identification is limited to
key functionalities but the advent of sophisticated chromatographic and mass spectrometric techniques is leading to
increasingly detailed analyses. In particular, the smaller
fragments such as dimer and trimer are in principle more
readily fully characterized than the larger fragments;
nevertheless there often remains some uncertainty, particularly in relation to end groups. The most intractable product
is the third type, the residue, which is often (but not always)
insoluble, and characterization may again be limited to
identification of key functionalities.
Naturally, most of the information in the literature relates
to the easily identified low molecular weight species, and
the data in this section reflects this. In addition, most
thermal degradation studies focus on inert rather than
oxidizing environments. Following the lead of the previous
author, Norman Grassie, the vast majority of the entries
included here are concerned with products of the first two
types from purely thermal degradation processes under inert
atmospheres.
B. TABLES
TABLE 1. MAIN-CHAIN ACYCLIC CARBON POLYMERS
Polymer
Temperature range (0C)
Degradation products
Refs.
1.1. UNSATURATEDPOLYMERS
Poly(acetylene)
650
Poly(butadiene)
325-475
20C/min to
15% weight loss
Methane (0.87 moles relative to benzene= 1), ethylene (0.47), ethane

82
(0.26), propylene (0.27), propane (0.047), 1,3-butadiene (0.19),
cyclopentadiene (0.086), cyclopentene (0.063), benzene (1.0),
toluene (0.18), m-xylene (0.091), /?-xylene (0.015), styrene (0.041),
o-xylene (0.013), methylstyrene (0.010), frans-p-methylstyrene (0.011),
indane (0.0074), indene (0.036), methylindene (0.0072), naphthalene
(0.052), 2-methylnaphthalene (0.015), 1-methylnaphthalene (0.018),
biphenyl (0.0091), fluorene (1.0), anthracene (0.005)
14.1% of products are volatile at 25C including 1.5% of monomer
16
among other saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons; 85.9% of
products are larger fragments involatile at 250C
Effect of cisltrans ratio; increasing trans content gives more cyclopentene 83
and 1,3-cyclohexadiene and less 4-vinyl-l-cyclohexene and 1,3-butadiene
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Poly(butadiene-co-acrylonitrile) (70/30)
25-100 mol% butadiene
Poly(butadiene)-/ewd-poly(styrene)
(0-100wt.%)
Poly(butadiene-co-sytrene) (75/25)
Poly(chloroprene)
Poly(chloroprene)-fc/em/
Poly(isoprene), synthetic
97% c/s-1,4; 3%, 3,4
natural rubber

310-400
350-400
Ambient to 500
327-430
chlorinated rubber-blendpoly(vinyl chloride)

Poly(perfluoro-4-chloro-l,6-heptadiene)
14.5% of products are volatile at 25C, consisting of saturated

hydrocarbons
Main product is structurally modified chain fragments; ammonia and
hydrogen cyanide increasing with acrylonitrile content to
approximately 4% each by weight of copolymer containing
mole 75% acrylonitrile; traces of hydrogen and hydrocarbons up to C 7
Volatile products as for individual polymers
Refs.
10
98
84
160-350
11.8% of products are volatile at 25C; 1.9% butadiene with

10,16
other saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons
Hydrogen chloride
19
HCl (90% of theoretical), ethylene, chloroprene (trace), chloroprene
85
dimers and other modified chain fragments
HCl (trace), methane, ethylene, propylene (trace)
85
Methyl methacrylate, HCl, CO 2 , CO,
86
methyl chloride, methanol.
3.4% isoprene, 8.8% dipentene, small amounts of p-menthene.
2,16,31
In helium; methane (0.04 wt.%), ethylene (0.08), ethane (0.03),
87
propylene (0.15), propane (0.06), isobutylene (0.09), butenes (0.07),
methyl butene (0.09), isoprene (29), toluene (0.02), 2,3-dimethyl
cyclopentene (1.2), octene (0.05), 2,4-dimethyl cyclohexene (0.16),
m-xylene (0.33), l-methyl-4-ethyl cyclohexene (0.18),
l,5-dimethyl-5-vinyl cyclohexene (2.5), dipentene (60), C n H i 8 (0.2),
C 12 H 18 (0.2), C 15 H 24 (3.5), C 16 H 26 (1.8)
3.9% isoprene, 13.2% dipentene, small amounts of /?-menthene
2,16,31
Dipentene main product at 4500C, optimum yields of isoprene in
32
range 675-8000C, e.g., 58% at 7500C and 13mbar
Monomer, dimers (l,7,7-trimethyl-2,2,l-bicyclohept-2-ene,
259
2,5,6-trimethyl 1,3,6-heptatriene, dipentene/d,l-limonene), trimers
3.0% Isoprene, 15.6% dipentene, small amounts of/?-menthene
2,16,31
Styrene, isoprene, dipentene larger chain fragments of both
88
polymers, traces of ethylene, ethane, and propane
HCl (almost quantitative), CH 4, C 2 H 4 , and H 2 are minor products
89
formed in the later stages of reaction
HCl
90
320-400
Completely volatilized - products unknown.
335-450
Continuous spectrum of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons

13,16
from C 2 -C90; lower temperature favors larger fragments
Continuous spectrum of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons
243
C 1 -C 1 5 ; trace of hydrogen
In air; CO 2 , H2O, ethene, propene, propane, cyclopropane, butene,
91
butane, pentene, pentane, hexene, hexane, heptene, heptane, octene,
octane, methanol, ethanol, furan, tetrahydrofuran, formaldehyde,
acetaldehyde, propanal, acrolein, butanal, isobutanal, pentanal,
acetone, methyl vinyl ketone, methyl ethyl ketone, 2-pentanone,
2-hexanone, 2-heptanone, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid,
acrylic acid, butyric acid, isovaleric acid, hydroxyvaleric acid,
crotonic acid, caproic acid, butyrolactone, valerolactone
CO, H2O, ethene, series of ketones with general structure
270
R_[_CO-CH 2 -CH 2 -] n -CO-R / where R, R' = - C H 3 , -CH 2 -CH 3
or -CH=CH 2
Broad spectrum of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, ethyl esters
243
and carboxylic acids; ethanol, ethylene, CO2, CO and small amounts
of ketene and ethyl acrylate
Acetic acid, ketene, CO 2 , ethylene, saturated and usaturated
92
hydrocarbons, chain fragment fraction containing some vinyl acetate units
Acetic acid > 99%
93
18.1% monomer together with methane, isobutane, and C 5 and
16
higher saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons
As temperature is increased the yields of fragments smaller than
28
monomer increase at the expense of larger fragments
377
170-400
400-500
Ambient to 500
287-400
384
287-400
450-800
500
gutta percha
Poly(isoprene)-&/ew<i-poly(styrene)
(4/1 to 1 /4, w/w)
chlorinated rubber
287-400
Ambient to 500
Ambient to 500
49
1.2. POLY(ALKENES)
Poly(ethylene)
- , low density
Ambient to 500
264-289
Poly(ethylene-co-carbon monoxide)
Alternating copolymer
500
Poly(ethylene-c0-ethyl acrylate)
18:1 mole ratio
Ambient to 500
Poly(ethylene-c0-vinyl acetate)
(12-33 mol% vinyl acetate)
(38.5% (wt.%) of ester groups)
Poly(isobutene)
Ambient to 500
260-290
288-425
Up to 1200
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer

325
345
365
300-320
Poly(isopropenylcyclohexane)
400-900
Poly(isopropenylcyclohexane-co-amethylstyrene) (92/8 and 33/67)
400-900
Poly(4-methyl-l-pentene)
291-341
Poly(propylene)
328-410
400-1200
360-400
120-280
200-356
Poly (propylene)-/end-poly (methyl
methacrylate)
Poly(vinylcyclohexane)
Ambient to 500
335-391
360-380
Poly(chlorotrifluoro-ethylene)
Ambient to 500
Refs.
At 4.9% weight loss, products are isobutene (64.3%), CH4 (13.6%),

29
neopentane (10.3%); remainder C2-C12 hydrocarbons
29
neopentane (4.7%); remainder C 2-C12 hydrocarbons
29
neopentane (3.1%); remainder C2-C12 hydrocarbons
Two types of f-butyl ended and two types of isopropyl ended terminal
249
monoolefins in range 2-mers to 12-mers
Methylenecyclohexane and/or methyl-1-cyclohexene, ethylcyclohexane,
94
toluene, isopropenylcyclohexane, isomer of isopropenylcyclohexane,
ethyl benzene, isopropylcyclohexadiene, pentadienylcyclohexane
(5 isomers), dicyclohexylpropane, 3-cyclohexenyl-l-cyclohexylpentadiene,
dicyclohexylhexadiene
Methylenecyclohexane and/or methyl-1-cyclohexane, benzene, toluene,
94
isopropenylcyclohexane, ethylbenzene (92/8 only), decalin (92/8 only),
cumene (33/67 only), oc-methylstyrene, styrene, (33/67 only),
pentadienylcyclohexane (92/8 only), indene and methyleneindene
(33/67 only), naphthalene, dicyclohexylhexadiene (92/8 only).
The following from the 33/67 copolymer only: 2-methylnaphthalene,
1-methylnaphthalene, biphenyl, methylstilbene, a-methylstilbene,
anthracene/phenanthrene, dihydropyrene
After 22 hours at 341C, 20% residue, 71% saturated and
43
chain fragments; 9% of products volatile at 25C, comprising
isobutene (56%), propane (34%), traces of monomer, and hydrocarbons
Saturated and hydrocarbons from C2 upwards, monomer yield 0.17%
13
As temperature is raised, yield of small fragments increases at
28
expense of large fragments
At 4000C, chain fragments with 7.05 wt.% of volatile products
95
comprising principally, methane 0.057 wt.%, ethane 0.13, propane 0.078,
propene 0.83, isobutene 0.16, butane 0.004, 2-methyl-l-butene 0.010,
1-pentene 0.008, pentane 1.62, 2-pentene (cis and trans) 0.015,
2-methyl pentane 0.074, 2-methyl-1-pentene 1.19, 2,4-dimethylpentane
0.032, 2,4-di-methyl-1-pentene 0.089, 4-methylheptane 0.24,
2,4-dimethyl-l-heptene 2.20, 4,6-dimethylnonane (threo form) 0.042
(erythro form) 0.052, 2,4,6-trimethyl-l-nonene (threo form) 0.055
(erythro form) 0.066
In air; ethene, ethane, propene, propane, isobutene, butane, isobutane,
96
pentadiene, 2-methyl-1-pentene, 2,4-dimethyl-1-pentene,
5-methyl-l-heptene, dimethylbenzene, methanol, ethanol,
2-methyl-2-propene-l-ol, 2-methyl furan, 2,5-dimethylfuran,
formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein, propanal, methacrolein,
2-methyl propanal, butanal, 2-vinyl crotonaldehyde, 3-methyl pentanal,
3-methyl hexanal, octanal, nonanal, decanal, ethenone, acetone,
3-buten-2-one, 2-butanone, l-hydroxy-2-propanone,
1-cyclopropylethanone, 3-methyl-2-buten-2-one, 3-penten-2-one,
2-pentanone, 2,3-butanedione
Under 254 nm radiation; additional methane and ethylene are formed
97
compared with the thermal reaction
Poly (methyl methacrylate) stabilized by blending with polypropylene;
99
pre-irradiation with 2537 A radiation at ambient temperature reduces
amount of methyl methacrylate formed on subsequent thermal
degradation; missing methyl methacrylate units appear in a chain
fragment fraction
Small amounts of cyclohexane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexene, methyl 2,3
cyclohexane, vinylcyclohexene, vinylcyclohexane, ethylcyclohexane with
larger chain fragments
Cyclohexane (main product), cyclohexene, vinylcyclohexane, vinylcyclo 100
hexane oligomers, methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene,
butane, butylene, hydrogen
Monomer, traces of dichlorodifluoroethene, chloropentafluoropropene,
261
trichlorotrifluoroethane
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Refs.
1.3. POLY(ACRYLICS), POLY(METHACRYLICS)

Poly(acrylic acid)
- , methyl ester
Ambient to 500
292-399
Up to 980
50
- , ethyl ester
300-500
50
Ambient to 500
- , w-propyl ester
300-500
- , isopropyl ester
250-500
- , n-butyl ester
300-500
50
-, 2-ethyl hexyl ester
- , benzyl ester
>160
300-500
260-300
-, 1,1,5-trihydroperfluoroamyl ester
300-315
- , 2,2,2-trichloroethyl ester
319
- , oc-bromo-, methyl ester

- , a-chloro-, methyl ester
- , a-chloro-, .sec-butyl ester
-, a-cyano-, methyl ester
- , a-phenyl-, methyl ester
Poly (acrylic acid, magnesium salt)
110-150
600
600
190
> 180
210-280
Ambient to 500
Poly(acrylic acid, calcium salt)
Ambient to 500
CO, CO 2 , H 2 O, CH 4 , acetone, ketene, ethene, propylene, 1-butene,

297
methyl vinyl ketone, benzene, acrylic acid, toluene, xylene, short
chain fragments such as dimer to octamer with unsaturated and
anhydride functionalities
26% of products are volatile at 25C, mainly methyl alcohol and
2,3
carbon dioxide with traces of monomer and methyl methacrylate and
C 4-C 6 oxygenated compounds
(74% of products are large chain fragments involatile at 250C)
Methanol (1.9%), methyl formate (trace), methyl acetate (1.4%), methyl 101
acrylate (19.0%), methyl methacrylate (1.9%), saturated ester (2.1%),
dimethyl glutarate (7.5%), methyl 4-methoxycarbonyl-pent-4-enoate
(11.6%), trimethyl pentane 1,3,5-tricarboxylate (0.6%) methyl
4,6-di-methoxycarbonylhept-6-enoate (53%), saturated and tetramers
(1.0%)
Irradiated with high-pressure mercury lamp; methanol, formaldehyde,
102
methyl acetate, methyl formate, CO 2 , CO, H 2 , CH 4
Major products, carbon dioxide, ethylene, ethanol, and chain fragments;
103
minor products, ethane, ethyl acrylate, and ethyl methacrylate
Irradiated with high-pressure mercury lamp; CO, CO 2 , ethanol, acetalde- 104
hyde, ethane, ethyl formate, acetal, ethyl propionate
Ethylene, carbon dioxide, trace of ketene, ethanol (major product),
243
various ethyl esters (see Ref.)
Major products carbon dioxide, propene, propanol, and chain fragments; 103
minor products, propane, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, rc-propyl acrylate,
and w-propyl methacrylate
Major products carbon dioxide, propene; minor products isopropanol
105
with trace carbon monoxide
Major products carbon dioxide, 1-butene, butanol, and chain fragments;
103
minor products, butane, /i-butyl acrylate, and n-butyl methacrylate
Irradiated with high-pressure mercury lamp. CO, CO 2
rc-butanol,
104
butyraldehyde, -butene, n-butyl formate, n-butyl valerate
(after prolonged exposure)
86% isobutylene, 11% water, 3% carbon dioxide
4
Carbon dioxide, 2-ethyl-l-hexene, 2-ethyl-l-hexanol
103
Major products are benzyl alcohol, chain fragments, partially crosslinked
1
residue; minor products are CO 2 , toluene, CO, CH 4 , H 2
CO 2 , benzyl alcohol, and low polymers
106
Oligomers, 1,1,5-trihydroperfluoroamyl alcohol, monomer, 1,1,5-trihydro- 107
perfluoroamyl methacrylate
2,2,2-Trichloroethanol (80%), monomer (9%), 1,1-dichloroethene,
263
2-chloroethanal, 2,2-dichloroethanal, 1,1-dichloropropane,
1,1,1 -trichloroethane, 2,2,2-trichloroethylethanoate,
2,2,2-trichloroethyl chloromethanoate, 2,2,2-trichloroethylpropanoate,
2,2,2-trichloroethylmethacrylate, 2,2,2-trichloroethyl chloroethanoate,
2,2,2-trichloroethyl-2-chloroacrylate
Methylbromide, hydrogen bromide
5
CO 2 , propene, methyl bromide, vinyl bromide
305
CO 2 , propene, methyl chloride, monomer
306
sec-Butyl chloride, butylene, hydrogen chloride
7
Yellows and some monomer formed
6
Monomer is the sole product
8
CO, CH 4 , CO 2 , acetone, ketene, ethene, propene, 1-butene, benzene,
312
toluene, xylene, cyclopentene, methyl ethyl ketone, diethyl ketone,
methyl--propyl ketone, di-w-propyl ketone, methyl vinyl ketone,
methyl isopropenyl ketone, methyl isopropyl ketone, ethyl vinyl ketone,
trace amounts of methyl-w-butyl ketone, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone,
acrolein, ethanal and butanal, chain fragments, some monomer
CO, CH 4 , CO 2 , acetone, ketene, ethene, propene, 1-butene, benzene,
312
toluene, mesitylene, xylene, methyl ethyl ketone, diethyl ketone,
methyl-H-propyl ketone, methyl-fl-butyl ketone, ethyl vinyl ketone,
methyl propenyl ketone (trace), ethyl propyl ketone (trace),
3-methyl-cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone (trace), cyclohexa-2-enone,
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Poly (acrylic acid, sodium salt)
Ambient to 500
Poly(acrylic acid, potassium salt)
Ambient to 500
Poly(methyl acrylate-co-methyl
methacrylate) (mole ratios 112/1-2/1)
Ambient to 500
Poly (methyl acrylate-co-acryloyl chloride)

6, 15, 41, 83 mol% AC
Ambient to 500
Poly (methyl acrylate-co-2-bromoethyl

methyacrylate)
(10-82 mol% methyl acrylate)
Poly(methyl acry\ate)-blendpoly((2-bromoethyl methacrylate)
(50/50, w/w)
Poly(/i-butyl acrylate-co-methyl
methacrylate)
(3.9-93.4 mol% butyl acrylate)
Ambient to 500
Ambient to 500
313-332
165
Poly(terf-butyl acrylate-co-glycidyl
methacrylate) (34/66)
Poly(methyl-oc-chloroacrylatec0-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate)
(70/30)
Poly(methyl-a-chloroacrylate-co-2,2,2trifluoroethyl methacrylate) (70/30)
Poly(acrylonitrile)
0-700
Ambient
Ambient
<200
250-280
280-450
250-350
235
- , a-chloro
- , a-phenyl
Poly (aery lonitrile-co-2-bromoethyl
methacrylate
(50/50, mol/mol)
Poly(acrylonitrile-co-methyl
methacrylate)( 1/410-1/8)
150-200
Ambient to 500
Ambient to 500
Below 310
310-500
220-280
Refs.
2-methyl-cyclohexanone, l-methyl-cyclohexa-l-ene-3-one (trace),

acrolein, mesityl oxide, ethanal, propanal, butanal, chain fragments,
some monomer
CO, CH 4 , CO 2, ketene, 1-butene, propene, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, 303
methyl isopropyl ketone, methyl-fi-propyl ketone, diethyl ketone,
methyl propenyl ketone, 3-hexanone, toluene, 2-hexanone,
1,3-cyclopentadiene, cyclopentanone, 2-methyl cyclopentanone,
mesityl oxide, xylenes, benzene, propionaldehyde, acrolein, acetaldehyde,
ethene, short chain fragments, traces of monomer
CO, CH4, CO2, ketene, 1-butene, propene, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, 303
methyl rc-propyl ketone, 1,4-cyclohexadiene, toluene,
1-methyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene, 2-hexanone, cyclopentene, 1-methyl
cyclopentene, mesityl oxide, xylenes, benzene, ethene, cyclopentanone,
1,3-cyclopentadiene, diethyl ketone, short chain fragments, traces of
monomer
Monomers, CO2, chain fragments larger than monomer, H2;
108,109
more stable than poly(methyl methacrylate); rapid decrease in
molecular weight; products of phtodegradation at 170 by 254 nm
radiation are qualitatively similar
Acrylic acid, HCl, H2O, CO, CO 2, acryloyl chloride, methyl acrylate,
262
methyl acrylate chain fragments, anhydride and y-lactone structures,
chloro-methane, methyl methacrylate, methanol, 3,5-(6-chloro-2-pyrone)
and fragments thereof, C6, C9, C12, C15 fragments. Relative yields
depend upon copolymer composition
CO 2, ketene, methyl bromide, acetaldehyde, methyl acrylate, methanol,
110
1,2-dibromoethane, methyl methacrylate, 2-bromoethanol,
ethyl methacrylate, CH 4 , CO, H 2 modified chain fragments
CO2, ketene (minor), methyl bromide, vinyl bromide (minor), acetalde111
hyde, methanol, methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, 1,2-dibromoethane, 2-bromoethyl methacrylate
1-Butene, carbon dioxide, butanol methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate,
112
and butyl methacrylate; small quantities of methane, ethane, propane,
butane, ethylene, propene, cis, and trans 2-butene, hydrogen, and carbon
monoxide increase with butyl acrylate content of the copolymer
Under 2537 A radiation; methyl methacrylate with smaller quantities of
113
n-butyl acrylate, n-butanol, n-butyraldehyde, hydrogen, carbon monoxide,
and methane; a chain fragment fraction increases with rc-butyl acrylate
content
CO, CO 2, propene, ethanal, isobutene, acrolein, allyl alcohol
114
Gamma Radiolysis; CH 4 , CO, ethylene, ethane, CH 3 OH, CHF3, HCl,
C 3 H 6 , CO 2 , C 2 H 3 F, CH 3 Cl, methyl formate, CH 3 CH 2 Cl, CHF3,
CH 3 CF 3 , C H 2 = C ( C H 3 ) C O O C H 2 C F 3
Gamma Radiolysis; CH 4 , CO, ethylene, ethane, CH 3 OH, HCl, C 3 H 6 ,
CO 2 , CH 3 Cl, methyl formate, CH 3 CH 2 Cl, CH 2 Cl 2 , CHCl3
Colours through yellow, orange, red, and black
12% of products are volatile at 25C, consisting of hydrogen
cyanide, acrylonitrile, and vinyl acetonitrile; 88% of products are
involatile at room temperature
Five major volatile products are cyanogen, HCN, acrylonitrile,
acetonitrile, vinyl acetonitrile; involatile residue remains
NH 3 , HCN
HCN, hydrogenated acrylonitrile, dimer and trimer, acetonitrile,
methacrylonitrile
Hydrogen chloride
Hydrogen chloride and small amount of HCN at higher temperatures
High yields of monomer
Ethylene, CO 2 , vinyl bromide acetaldehyde, 1,2-dibromoethane
Propane, isobutene, CO 2 , HCN, isocyanic acid, yellow-chain fragment
fraction
Only methyl methacrylate from 410/1 and 40/1 (molar ratio) copolymers; methyl methacrylate and small amounts of acrylonitrile from
16/1 and 8/1 copolymers; rapid decrease in the molecular weight of
all copolymers
115
115
9
10,11
12
116
117
118
119
119
120
121
121
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer

160
Poly(acrylonitrile-c0-methyl
vinyl ketone)
Poly(acrylonitrile-co-styrene)
(0/100-50/50, mol/mol)
(1.86-96.62 mol% acrylonitrile)
Poly(acrylonitrile-co vinyl
acetate) (7.5 wt.% vinyl acetate)
Poly(acrylonitrile-co-methyl
acrylate-co-vinyl bromide)
(methyl acrylate, 10 wt.%; vinyl bromide,
5 wt.%)
Poly(a-chloroacrylonitrile-co
methyl methacrylate)
(0-50 mol% a-chloroacrylonitrile)
Poly (aciylonitrile)-We/idpoly(methyl methacrylate)
(50/50, w/w)
Poly(acryloyl chloride)
Poly(methacrylic acid)
292
500
260
180-320
> 150
Ambient
Up to 320
320-500
Ambient to 500
200
900
- , methyl ester
- , ethyl ester
- , rc-propyl ester
- , iso-propyl ester
- , fz-butyl ester
- , wo-butyl ester
- , s^c-butyl ester
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
n-amyl ester
wo-amyl ester
1,2-dimethylpropyl ester
neopentyl ester
3,3-dimethylbutyl ester
1,3-dimethylbutyl ester
2-bromoethyl ester
2-sulfoethyl ester
- , 2-chloroethyl ester
170-300
246-400
160
100-400
250
245
250
250
250
170
250
250
180-200
< 180
250
250
250
250
250
250
Ambient to 500
50-600
600
600
268
Photodegradation by 254 nm radiation gives methyl methacrylate from
410/1 to 8/1 copolymers with a 8/1 copolymer; rapid decrease in the
molecular weight of all copolymers
Production of water from poly(methyl vinyl ketone) accelerated by
copolymerization with acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile causes increase in rate of chain scission; proportion of
acrylonitrile among degradation products greater than from pure
polyacrylonitrile; chain fragments increase with acrylonitrile content
of copolymer; styrene, acrylonitrile, toluene, benzene, four dimers,
and four trimers
Hydrocyanic acid, acetonitrile, acrylonitrile, propionitrile, toluene, ethyl
benzene, styrene, methane, ethylene, ethane, C 3 hydrocarbons,
but-1-ene, prop-l-ene-3-nitrile, isopropylnitrile, benzene
HCN, hydrogenated acrylonitrile, dimer and trimer, acetonitrile,
methacrylonitrile, acetic acid
CH3Br, HBr, H 2 O, CO 2 , CH 3 OH, NH 3 , HCN, hydrogenated acrylonitrile, dimer and trimer, acetonitrile, methacrylonitrile, naphthyridine
fragments
Hydrogen chloride, methyl methacrylate, oc-chloroacrylonitrile
Refs.
121
122
123
124
117
117
125
Under 254 nm radiation. HCl, CO 2 , methyl chloride, methyl formate,

126
methanol, methyl methacrylate, CO, CH 4, H 2
NH 3 , HCN, MMA
127
Chain-fragment fraction and small amounts of CO, CO 2 , methanol,
CH 4
Acrylic acid, HCl, H 2 O, CO, acryloyl chloride, 3,5-(6-chloro-2-pyrone)
262
and fragments thereof, C6, C9, Cj 2 , C15 fragments
Almost quantitative yields of H 2 O, traces of monomer, residue of
33
poly(methacrylic anhydride)
CO 2 , propene, butenes, pentenes, pentadienes, hexene, hexadienes,
128
hexatrienes, benzene, toluene, heptene, heptatriene, methacrylic acid,
xylene, octatriene, octadienyne, nonatriene, hexadienoic acid,
decatriene, decatetraene, decapentaene, undecatriene, methylbenzoic
acids, trimethylbenzoic acid
100% monomer
34, 35
As temperature is raised fragmentation increases to give complex
2
series of products and monomer yields correspondingly decreases
100% monomer under 253.7nm radiation
36
Under 254 nm radiation; 100% monomer
129
Monomer
37
Monomer, ethanol, ethanoic acid
300
Monomer
37
Monomer
37
40% monomer and traces of 1-butene
38
100% monomer under 253.7nm radiation
38
Monomer
37
Monomer and small amount of olefin by cracking of side chain
37
High yields of isobutylene and water, 1% monomer, trace of methacrylic
39
acid, residue of poly(methacrylic anhydride)
100% monomer under 253.7 nm radiation
Monomer
37
Monomer
37
Monomer and small amount of olefin by side chain cracking
37
Monomer
37
Monomer
37
Monomer and small amount of olefin by side chain cracking
37
2-Bromoethyl methacrylate (>95%), CO 2 (< 1%), vinyl bromide (< 1%)
130
CO, CO 2 , H 2 O, SO 2 , ethene
290
CO, CO 2 , propene, acetaldehyde, methyl bromide, butene,
305
vinyl bromide, ethyl bromide, methyl methacrylate
CO 2 , propene, acetaldehyde, vinyl chloride, ethyl chloride, monomer
306
Monomer (99%), traces of acetaldehyde, methyl methacrylate,
268
1,2-dichloroethane, ethylene methacrylate
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Refs.
Poly(methacrylic acid),
2-fluoroethyl ester
- , 2,2-dichloroethyl ester
600
CO 2, vinyl fluoride, acetaldehyde,
242
- , 2-methoxyethyl ester
Ambient to 300
Ambient to 500
Monomer (90.7%), chloroacetaldehyde (8%), 1,1,2-trichloroethane (0.5%), 268

2,2-dichloroethanol, methacrylic acid (0.1%), 2-chloroethylene
methacrylate (0.1%)
Monomer, CO 2
309
Monomer, CO 2 , CO, CH4, ethene, formaldehyde, isobutene, methyl
309
vinyl ether, methanol
CO 2 , propene, acetaldehyde, methyl bromide, butene, ethyl bromide,
305
bromocyclopropane or 2-bromopropane
2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (20% at 5000C), ethylene dimethacrylate
131
(6%at 500C)(main products), ethylene glycol, 3-methyl-5-hydroxy6-valerolactone (probably), 1,2-di-iospropenyl-oxyethane (probably),
CO, CO2, methane, ethylene, ethane, propane, H2O
Gamma radiolysis; CH4, CO, ethylene, ethane, CH3OH, CH3F, C 3 H 6 ,
115
CO 2 , C 2 H 3 F, methyl formate, CH3CHFOH, CHF3, CF3CH3,
CF3OH, CH2 = C(CH3)-COOCH2CF3
CO 2 , vinylidene fluoride, trifluoroacetaldehyde, trifluorethanol,
310
monomer
CO 2 , propene, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride
306
1,1-Dichloroethene, chloroform, methyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid,
300
2,2,2-trichloroethanol, 2,2,2-trichloroethyl acrylate, 2,2,2-trichloroethyl
methacrylate, 2,2-dichloroethyl methacrylate,
CH2 = C(CH3)-COOCHI=CCl2 or CH2 = C(CH3)-COOCCl = CHCl
CO 2 , trifluoracetaldehyde, acetaldehyde, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane,
310
hexafluoro-isopropylformate
CO 2 , SO 2 , phenol, bisphenol S, hydroquinone, fragments of backbone,
248
benzene sulfonic acid
CO 2 , CH4, CO, H 2 , propene, isobutene, dimethyl ketene, acrolein,
283
diallyl ether, allyl methacrylate monomer and dimer, chain fragments
including anhydride structures from side-group cyclization and an
aliphatic ketone in the vicinity of unsaturation
Monomer, some CO2
314
CO, CO 2 , dimethyl ketene, isobutene, propene, acrolein, allyl alcohol,
302
glycidyl methacrylate, glycidol, short chain fragments with some
unsaturation
Isocyanic acid, NH 3 , HCN, isobutene, CO2 (trace), methacrylonitrile
132
(trace)
Ethylene, butene-1, isobutene, acetylene, CO 2 , CH4, CO, acetone,
133
isopropylaldehyde, methacrolein, butyraldehyde, methyl ethyl ketone,
benzene (trace), methyl isopropyl ketones, methyl isopropenyl ketone,
diethyl ketone, methyl rc-propenyl ketone, cyclopentanone, methyl
cyclopentanone, dimethyl cyclopentanone, dimethyl cyclopentenone and
traces of toluene, di-isopropyl ketone, mesitylene, mesityl oxide
CO2, dimethyl ketene trace amounts of CO, CH4, isobutene, butene-1,
134
ethylene, acetylene, benzene toluene isobutyraldehyde, methyl ethyl
ketone, methyl isopropenyl ketone, diethyl ketone, methyl
isopropenyl ketone, di-isopropyl ketone, cyclopentanone, 2-methyl
cyclopentanone, 2,5-dimethyl-cyclopentanone,
2,5-dimethylcyclopent-3-ene-l-one, methacrolein, butyraldehyde
Monomer
194
Monomer, phthalic anhydride, diethylene glycol, C 2 H 4 , propylene, CO2 194
CO 2 , alkenes, CH4, CO, propanal methanol (major), acetone, 2-methyl
135
propanal, methacrolein, butanal, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isopropyl
ketone, methyl isopropenyl ketone, methyl methacrylate (major),
methyl prop-2-enyl ketone, toluene, di-isopropyl ketone, cyclopentanone,
2-methyl cyclopentanone, 2,5-dimethyl cyclopentanone, 2,5-di-methyl
cyclopent-3-enone. Relative yields depend upon salt and copolymer
composition
Methyl methacrylate, 2-bromoethyl methacrylate, traces of vinyl bromide 130
and CO2
- , 2,3-dibromopropyl ester
600
-, 2-hydroxyethyl ester
375-500
- , 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ester
Ambient
600
- , 2,2,2-trichloroethyl ester
600
240
- , hexafluoroisopropyl ester
600
- , bisphenol S ester
464
- , allyl ester
Ambient to 500
- , phenyl ester
- , glycidyl ester
Ambient to 500
Ambient to 500
- , ammonium salt
Ambient to 500
- , Li, Na, K, and Co salts
Ambient to 500
- , Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba salts
Ambient to 500
Poly[a-co-(diethylene glycol
phthalate)dimethacrylate]
Poly(methyl methacrylate-co-alkali
(metal methacrylates) (Li, Na, K)
(0-100 mol%)
300
400
Ambient to 500
Poly (methyl methacrylate-co2-bromoethyl methacrylate)

(50/50, mol/mol)
Poly(methyl methacrylateco-methacrylamide)
Ambient to 500
Up to 340
fluoroacetaldehyde
> 35 mol% methacrylamide. MMA, methanol, NH3, H 2 O
310
146
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer

>340
Poly(methyl methacrylate-comethacrylic acid)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-co2-chloroethylmethacrylate)
22 mol% CEMA
Poly (methyl methacrylateco2,2,2-trichloroethyl
methacrylate)
24 mol% TCEMA
Poly (methyl methacrylatecomethyl-oc-chloroacrylate)
38 mol% MCA
Poly(methyl methacrylatec6>-2-bromoethyl methacrylate)
22 mol% BEMA
Poly (methyl methacrylateco-2,3-dibromopropyl
methacrylate)
16 mol% DBPMA
Poly (methyl methacrylateco-methyl-a-bromoacrylate)
22 mol% MBA
Poly(methyl methacrylateco-chlorotrifluoroethylene)
7.7 mol% MMA
77.7 and 85.7 mol% MMA
Poly(methyl methacrylateco-2-sulfoethyl methacrylate)
20, 40, 60 mol% MMA
Poly(methyl methacrylateco-4-vinylpyridine)
22, 35, 46, 56 mol% 4vinyl pyridine
Poly (methyl methacrylatecophenyl methacrylate)
9, 18, 47, 88 mol% PMA
<300
>300
900
600
Methacrylamide; chain fragments and small amounts of CH4, CO2, CO,
HCN, methacrylonitrile and isobutene
< 10 mol% methacrylamide. Degradation becomes progressively more
like that of PMMA
Water and methanol
Methyl methacrylate, CO2, CO, CH4
(50/50 and 75/25); CO2, propene, butenes, pentenes, pentadienes,
hexene, hexadienes, hexatrienes, benzene, methyl isobutyrate, methyl
methacrylate, toluene, heptene, heptatriene, methyl pentenoate,
methacrylic acid, xylene, octatriene, octadienyne, nonatriene,
hexadienoic acid, decatriene, decatetraene, decapentaene, undecatriene,
methylbenzoic acids
CO2, propene, acetaldehyde, vinyl chloride, ethyl chloride, methyl
methacrylate
Refs.
146
146
136
128
306
600
CO2, propene, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, dichloroacetaldehyde,

methyl methacrylate
306
600
CO2, propene, methyl chloride, methyl methacrylate
306
600
CO2, propene, acetaldehyde, methyl bromide, butene, vinyl bromide,

methyl methacrylate
305
600
CO, CO 2 , ethene, propene, methyl bromide, butene, vinyl bromide,

ethyl bromide, 1-bromopropene, 2-bromopropene, cyclopropyl
bromide, methyl methacrylate
305
600
CO 2 , acetaldehyde, methyl bromide, butene, vinyl bromide, unidentified

alkenyl bromides, methyl methacrylate
305
Ambient to 500
HCl, CO 2 , CH3Cl, C 2 F 3 Cl (monomer), C3F5Cl, C 2 F 3 Cl 3 , methyl

methacrylate, chain fragments possibly with some lactonization
281
Ambient to 500
50-600
HCl, CO 2 , CH3Cl, C 2 F 3 Cl (monomer), methyl methacrylate

CO, CO2, H2O, SO2, ethene, methanol, methyl methacrylate
(only 60 and 80 mol% methyl methacrylate copolymers)
281
290
Ambient to 500
4-vinyl pyridine, methyl methacrylate, traces of pyridine

and 4-methyl pyridine
260
Ambient to 500
CO 2 , isobutene, ketene, formaldehyde, methanol, methyl methacrylate,

phenyl methacrylate, chain fragments including six-membered
anhydride ring structures. Product distribution varies with copolymer
composition with non-monomer products most pronounced at low
PMA contents
CH4, CO, CO 2 , propene, isobutene, dimethyl ketene, acrolein, allyl
alcohol, glycidol, glycidyl methyl ether, methyl methacrylate,
glycidyl methacrylate, chain fragments. Distribution varies with
copolymer composition
CO, CH4, CO 2 , ethene, propene, isobutene, aziridine, methanol,
methyl methacrylate, a-methylstyrene, 2-phenyl-2-butene,
l-r-butylamino-2-isopropenylamino-ethane, 2-r-butylaminoethyl-ethylisopropenylamine, 2-aminoethyl-2-?-butylaminoethylisopropenylamine, oligomers - principally butylaziridine based
314
Poly(methyl methacrylatecoglycidyl methacrylate)
Ambient to 500
Poly (methyl methacrylate

-/?/6>c-j-butylaziridine)
ABA type copolymer with
MW 12000 butylaziridine
(B) and MW 16000
MMA (A)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-co-styrene)
Ambient to 600
Poly (methyl methacrylate-covinyl

acetate) (5-40 mol% vinyl acetate)
Ambient to 500
260-340
286
287
Methyl methacrylate, styrene and oligomers of styrene; formation of

137
oligomers of styrene strongly inhibited by presence of methyl
methacrylate units
Acetic acid, methyl methacrylate, methyl acetate, chain fragment fraction, 92
ketene, CO2
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Poly(methyl methacrylate-co-vinyl
bromide) (6-75 mol% vinyl bromide)
Ambient to 500
Poly(2-bromoethyl methacrylateco-styrene) (50/50, mol/mol)

Poly(methyl methacrylate)-blendammonium polyphosphate
Ambient to 500
Ambient to 450
Poly (methyl methacrylate)-&/e/2<ipoly (styrene)
Ambient to 500
Poly(methyl methacrylate)-&/endpoly (vinyl acetate) (10/1-1/1, w/w)

Poly(methyl methacrylate)-/era/poly(vinyl bromide) (50/50, mol/mol)
Poly(methyl methacry\ate)-blendpoly(vinyl chloride)
Poly(methacrylamide)
Ambient to 500
Poly(methacrylonitrile)
Ambient to 500
Ambient to 500
Up to 340
Above 340
Ambient to 500
< 200
220-270
Ambient to 500
Poly(methacrylonitrile-c0styrene) 10:1 mole ratio
Ambient to 500
Poly(methacrylonitrileco-styrene) 1:1 mole ratio
Ambient to 500
Poly(methacrylonitrileco-styrene) 1:10 mole ratio
Ambient to 500
1.4.
Refs.
Methyl methacrylate, methyl bromide, methanol, CO2, methanol, HBr,

CO, H2 and other unidentified minor products. Relative amounts depend
upon copolymer composition
Styrene, 2-bromoethyl methacrylate, modified chain fragement fraction.
Minor products; ethylene, CO 2, HBr, vinyl bromide, acetaldehyde
H2O and NH3 from ammonium polyphosphate. Methyl methacrylate
(major product), CO, CO2, methanol, dimethyl ether, hydrocarbons,
high boiling chain fragments
Polymers degrade separately without interaction to give same products as
polymers degraded separately; copolymers and mixtures of the same
molar compositions can be distinguished by degradation behavior
Methyl methacrylate, acetic acid, methyl acetate, methanol, CO2, butene,
benzene, ketene
Methyl methacrylate, HBr, CO, CO 2 and other unidentified products
138
139
140
141
142
143
Major products: HCl, methyl methacrylate; minor products: CO 2 ,

144,145
methyl chloride, benzene
NH 3 and H 2 O
146
Chain fragments (50%) in which a high proportion of amide groups have 146
been converted to cyclic imides; small amounts of CO 2, CH 4, HCN
NH 3 , HCN, isobutene, CO 2 (trace), methacrylonitrile (trace)
132
Non-volatile material, coloration through yellow, orange, and red
40
50-100% monomer depending upon pretreatment and purity of polymer
40
Ethene, propene, isobutene, HCN, CO 2 (from benzoyl peroxide end
277
groups), methacrylonitrile (major product), 2-cyanobutane,
2-cyanopentene, CH 4
Ethene, isobutene, HCN, methacrylonitrile, styrene, toluene,
279
a-methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, 2-phenylbutene, 4-cyano2,4-dimethylpentene, 4-phenyl-2-methylbutene, 3-phenyl2-propenenitrile, chain fragments
279
a-methylstyrene, 4-phenylbutene, 4-phenyl-2-methylbutene,
3-phenyl-2-propenenitrile, chain fragments
279
a-methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, 4-phenylbutene, allylbenzene,
4-phenyl-2-methylbutene, 3-phenyl-2-propenenitrile, chain fragments
POLY(VINYLS)
Poly(tert-butyl-Af-vinyl carbamate)
Poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) (KEL-F)
185-220
347-418
Poly(l,l-dichloro-2,2-difluoroethylene)
Poly(perfluoroheptene)
Poly(perfluoropropylene)
Poly(tetrafluoroethylene)
240
210-270
280-400
504-538
1200
600-700
Poly(trifluoroethylene)
Poly(vinyl acetate)
380-800
213-235
300
280-350
Poly (vinyl acetate) in presence

of zinc bromide
Poly(vinyl acetate-comaleic anhydride)
alternating copolymer
Poly (vinyl acetate-cocrotonic acid)
alternating copolymer
Ambient to 500
Equal amounts of CO 2 and isobutylene, in yields ranging from 43 to 60% 196

25% of products volatile at 25C-monomer with traces of C 3 F 5 Cl
14
and C 3 F4C1 2 ; 72.1% of larger chain fragments involatile at 25C
20% black involatile residue; 80% monomer
22
100% monomer
49
100% monomer
49
>95% monomer, 2 - 3 % C 3 Fe, no larger fragments (in vacuum)
14
Monomer yield drops, larger fragments appear (in vacuum)
23
At 6.66 mbar pressure; pure monomer; at 1013 mbar pressure,
24
15.9% monomer, 25.7% C 3 F 6 , 58.4% C 4 F 8
High yields of HF and products involatile at 25C
23
Quantitative yields of acetic acid
71
Small amounts of aromatics including benzene
71
Acetic acid, benzene, naphthalene, toluene, styrene, ethyl benzene,
147
propenyl benzene, propylbenzene, methylnaphthalene, ethylnaphthalene,
propenylnaphthalene, propylnaphthalene, anthracene, methylanthracene,
ethylanthracene, propylanthracene
Acetic acid produced as low as 1000C
148
Ambient to 500
Acetic acid, CO 2, H 2 O, maleic anhydride, CO
240
Ambient to 500
Ethene, propene, acetic acid, CO 2 , propanoic acid, 2-methylpropanoic

acid, butanoic acid, cyclopentanone, some unsaturated cyclic and
acyclic aliphatic ketones, some chain fragments containing
lactones
241
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Poly (vinyl acetate-comethylvinylidene cyanide)
Alternating with 10-15
mol% VA homosequence
Poly (vinyl acetate-co-styrene)
(5-20 mol% vinyl acetate)
Poly(vinyl acetate-co-vinyl alcohol)
(50-99 mol% vinyl alcohol)
Poly (vinyl acetate-co-vinyl
chloride)
Temperature range ( C)
285-350
Ambient to 500
0-600
Ambient to 500
180
Poly (vinyl acetate-co-vinyl fluoride)
(91:9 to 1:89)
(80:20 to 23:77)
Poly (vinyl acetate)-blendpoly(styrene) (1/1, w/w)
Poly(vinyl acetate-blendpoly (vinyl chloride)
Poly (vinyl alcohol)
Poly (vinyl bromide)

Poly(vinyl butyrate)
Poly(A^-vinylcarbazole)
200-500
Vinyl acetate, acetonitrile, HCN, acetic acid, acetamide, 2-methyl1-aminonaphthalene, 3-cyano-3-pentene

Acetic acid, styrene, chain fragment fraction, ketene, CO 2
Acetaldehyde, acetone, benzene, crotonaldehyde, acetic acid
Refs.
266
92
154
Bulk polymer; hydrogen chloride and acetic acid in the proportions of

155
the monomers in the copolymer; at each end of the composition range,
incorporation of the comonomer results in a copolymer less stable than
the homopolymer; minimum stability at 40-50 mol% vinyl acetate
In tritolyl phosphate solution; similar to bulk polymer with minimum in
156
stability at 30-40 mol% vinyl acetate
Hydrogen fluoride, acetic acid, hydrocarbons
150
200-500
Ambient to 500
Hydrogen fluoride, HCl, hydrocarbons

Products as for individual polymers
Ambient to 500
Ambient to 500
Acetic acid, HCl, and traces of CO 2, ketene, acetyl chloride, CO

157
and CH 4
Quantitative yields of H 2 O
72
Main products H 2 O and C 2 H 5 OH, with aldehydes
73
CH 3 -(CH = CH) n -CHO and ketones C H 3 - ( C H = C H ) n - C O C H 3
where n = 0,1,2, etc.
HBr, ethylene, benzene, and other unidentified minor products
143
Butyric acid
74
Below 350, monomer; above 350, monomer and low-molecular
175
weight oligomers
Monomer (49% of total volatiles at 3000C, 39% at 5000C) ethane,
244
ethene, propene, n-butane, isobutene, cis and trans but-2-ene,
1,3-butadiene, 2-methylbutadiene, trace amounts of C 5 and C 6
hydrocarbons
Monomer (83% of total volatiles at 3000C, 67% at 5000C), ethane,
244
ethene, propene, w-butane, isobutene, cis and trans but-2-ene,
1,3- butadiene, 2-methylbutadiene, trace amounts of C 5 and C 6
hydrocarbons
Monomer (48% of total volatiles at 3500C, 40% at 500C), ethane,
244
ethene, propene, /i-butane, isobutene, cis and trans but-2-ene,
1,3-butadiene, 2-methylbutadiene, trace amounts of C 5 and C 6
hydrocarbons
Quantitative yields of HCl
75
Saturated and unsaturated, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons are
75
produced with benzene and toluene in high yield
In helium; quantitative yield of HCl, remainder residue and
76
hydrocarbons; benzene is major volatile hydrocarbons product
Aliphatic hydrocarbons, benzene (major product), toluene, ethylbenzene, 149
o-xylene, monochlorobenzene, styrene, vinyl toluene, p-dichlorobenzene,
o-dichlorobenzene, indene, 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene,
naphthalene, a-methylnaphthalene, (3-methylnaphthalene; effect of ZnO,
SnO 2 , and Al 2 O 3 on the yields of products is also recorded
HCl, CO 2 , ethene, ethane, propane, 1-butene, 2-butene, 1-pentene,
267
cyclopentene, n-pentane, 2-methylbutane, 1,3-pentadiene,
2-methyl-1,3-pentadiene, complex series (60 identified) of aromatic and
polyaromatic species, including benzene, styrene, methylstyrenes,
toluene, o-xylene, m-xylene, /?-xylene, biphenyl, naphthalene,
anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, etc. (see Ref.)
HCl, a-methyl styrene
159
Ambient to 500
HCl, styrene
159
Ambient to 500
Ambient to 500
Products as for individual polymers

CO 2 , HCl, benzene, traces of toluene, phenol and other phenolic
compounds, bisphenol A, polycarbonate chain fragments
160
291
250
240
300-325
230-410
300-500
Poly(3,6-dichloro
N-vinylcarbazole)
300-500
Poly(3,6-dibromo
7V-vinylcarbazole)
350-500
200-300
400
600
200-800
Ambient to 1000
Poly (vinyl chloride)-&/era/poly(a-methylstyrene)

Poly (vinyl chloride)-ra/poly(styrene)
(10/1 to 1/10, w/w)
PVC 1:1 blend with
bisphenol A polycarbonate
150
158
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
PVC 1: 1 blend with
poly(dimethylsiloxane)
Poly(vinyl
fluoride)
Poly(vinylidene chloride)
Poly(vinylidene cyanide)
Poly(vinylidene
fluoride)
Poly(vinylidene
fluorideco-chlorotrifluoroethylene)
80 mol% vinylidene fluoride
3, 10 mol% vinylidene
fluoride
Poly(vinyltrimethylsilane)
Ambient to 500
372-480
200-500
450
225-275
170
>160
400-530
Ambient to 500
Ambient to 500
Ambient to 500
300-600 in argon
Poly(4-vinyl pyridine)
Poly(vinylacetophenone)
Ambient to 500
380
PolytN-acryloyl-N'cyanoacetohydrazide)
600
Refs.
HCl, benzene, traces of toluene, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane,

292
oligomeric siloxanes
High yields of HF and products involatile at 25C - little carbonization
23
Hydrogen fluoride, C 2 -C9 fractions
150
85% wt. loss, 33 5% volatile products, remainder was oily green liquid; 151
Volatile products: HF (82 mol%), CH4 (5.2), C 2 H 6 (0.6), ethylene
(0.8), acetylene (0.03), fluoroethylene (0.07), propene (0.5), C 3 H 5 F
(0.4), butane (0.06), butene (1.1), 1,4-butadiene (0.2), 1,3-butadiene (0.7),
C 4 H 5 F (0.06), Cyclopentadiene (0.05), benzene (4.5), fluorobenzene
(0.3), toluene (1.0), C 6 H 4 (CH 3 )F (0.04), C 6 H 5 C 2 H 5 or C 6 H 4 (CH 3 ) 2 ,
and styrene (0.9), rc-propylbenzene (0.2), iso-propylbenzene (0.3),
C 6 H 5 -C 3 H 5 (0.2), indene (0.3), naphthalene (0.8), fluoronaphthalene (0.3)
High yields of HCl
77
Polymer prepared in presence of oxygen; phosgene, formaldehyde, HCl
152
High yields of monomer
78
35% HF and high yields of products involatile at 25C - some
23
carbonization
Monomer, dimer (C 4 F 3 H 3 ), SiF4, (from reaction of HF with glass)
265
HCl, HF, vinylidene fluoride, chlorotrifluoroethylene, dimer (C 4 F 3 H 3 )
265
HCl, chlorotrifluoroethylene, dichlorodifluoroethene,
chloropentafluoropropene, trichlorotrifluoroethane, dimer (C 4 F 3 H 3 )
Tetramethylsilane, trimethylvinylsilane, 2-trimethylsilylpropene,
1,3-tri-methylsilylpropane, 1,3-trimethylsilylpropene,
2,4-trimethylsilylbutene-1,2,4,6-trimethylsilylhexene-1
Monomer, traces of pyridine and 4-methyl pyridine
CO, CH4, ethane, 4-acetyl styrene, 4-acetyl toluene, styrene, toluene,
4-vinyl acetaldehyde, a-methylstyrene, a-methyl-4-acetylstyrene,
4-methylstyrene
Cyanoactetamide
265
153
260
307
289
1.5. POLY(VINYL KETONES), POLY(VINYL ETHERS)

Poly(methyl isopropenyl ketone)
Poly(methyl vinyl ketone)

Poly(trifluorovinyl phenyl ether)
1.6.
270-360
Ambient to 500
150-190
270-360
Ambient to 500
275-500
H2O
41
Methyl isopropenyl ketone (50%), modified chain fragments, water,
161
small amounts of CH4 and CO
Monomer under 313 nm radiation
42
H2O, 3-methyl-2-cyclohexene-l-one and other six-membered ring ketones 44
Water, modified chain fragments, small amounts of CH4 and CO
161
Maximum of 75% volatilization-products unknown
49
POLY(STYRENES)
Poly(styrene)
300-400
500-1200
300-570
-, (crosslinked)
-, (head-to-head)
Ambient to 500
346-450
320
500
under N2
40.6% monomer, 2.0% toluene, 0.1% CO, remainder dimer, trimer,

62,63
and tetramer - monomer yield increases with pressure of nitrogen - 62%
at 1013 mbar
Small hydrocarbon fragments appear (Ci-C 6 ) - fragmentation is greater 28
the higher the temperature and the greater the pressure of inert gas
Pulsed pyrolysis and 40 jig of polymer. Styrene (92.4-99.8% depending
163
upon temperature), benzene, toluene, and ethyl benzene
Thin films (1000 A or less), monomer yield about 55%
164
Crosslinking with increasing quantities of divinyl or trivinyl benzene
11,64
progressively decreases the styrene yield-the yield of larger chain
fragments and the amount of carbonization also increase
Monomer, dimer, trimer, tetramer, pentamer, stilbene
165
Hydrocarbons (Ci-C 4 ) (2.2 relative GC peak intensity), benzene (0.4),
166
toluene (3.3), ethylbenzene (2.0), styrene (20.4), 3-phenyl-1-propene
(1.5), 1-pheny!propane (2.3), a-methylstyrene (0.3), 1-phenylbutadiene
(1.0), diphenylmethane (0.3), 1,1-diphenylethylene (2.6),
1,2-diphenylethane (1.3), 1,2-diphenylpropane, (0.7),
1,2-diphenyl-l-propene (0.5), 2,3-diphenyl-l-propene (2.2),
3,4-diphenyl-l-butene (0.5), 2,3-diphenylbutadiene (2.0),
1,2-diphenylethylene (6.5), 1,4-diphenylbutane (3.5),
1,4-diphenyl-l-butene (3.8), 1,4-diphenyl-l-pentene (1.3),
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
-,
-,
-,
-,
(poly(divinyl benzene))
(poly(trivinyl benzene))
a-acetoxym-amino-
- , /7-chloro-a-methyl-
-, a-deutero- , p-deutero- , p-fluoro-oc-methyl-
-, /7-methoxy-a-methyl-
-, 3-methyl-, 4-methylPoly(o-propionylstyrene)
- , oc-methyl-
-, /?-7VyV-diethylamino-
- , m-AÂf-dimethylamino-
Refs.
1,3-diphenylpropadiene (2.1), 1,2-diphenylbutadiene (1.8),

1,4-diphenylbutadiene (1.9), 1,3,4-triphenylbutene (0.6), 1,2,5-triphenylpentane (1.5), 1,2,5-triphenyl-l-pentene (4.6), 2,3,6-triphenyl-l-hexene
and 2,5,6-triphenyl-l-hexene (8.9), 1,4,5-triphenyl-l-pentene (4.4)
Ambient to 600
Styrene, 1,2-diphenylethene, 1,2-diphenylpropane, 1,4-diphenylbutane,
271
1,4-diphenyl-1 -butene, 1,4-diphenylpentane, 4,5-diphenyl-1,8-octadiene,
2,3,6-triphenyl-l-hexene, 1,4,5-triphenyl- 1-pentene
385-450
Volatile products include toluene, benzene, styrene, and xylene
11,64
470-500
Mixture of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons
11,64
270
Acetic acid (99%), mixture of a-acetoxystyrene and acetophenone (1%)
167
340-500
Gaseous fraction CO2, CH4, C 2 H 6 , C 3 H 6 , C 3 H 8 ; liquid fraction
65
m-aminostyrene, m-toluidine; gum fraction mainly dimer and trimer;
crosslinked residue remains
320-500
Monomer yield rises from 41% (32O0C) to 61%(500C); minor product is 66
m-toluidine, with traces of aniline, m-ethylaniline, oc-methylm-aminostyrene, H 2 , CO2, CH4; remainder comprises chain
fragments and residue
Ambient
Gamma radiolysis: CH4 (12.9 relative mass spec, ion current), C 2 H 6
168
(21.8), C 3 H 6 (13.6), C 3 H 8 (10.5), C 4 Hi 0 (61), HCl (4.2), CH3Cl
(17.4), C 3 H 4 Cl (20), C 2 H 5 Cl (28.1), C 3 H 7 Cl (3.3), CH2Cl2 (9.9),
C 6 H 5 Cl (3.0), p-chlorostyrene (1.5), p-chloro-a-methyl styrene (12.5)
334-387
68.4% monomer, 1.5% a-deuterostyrene, 0.6% a-methylstyrene,
2,13
29.5% larger chain fragments
345-384
39.7% monomer, 1,2% toluene, 0.1% deuterotoluene, 59% larger
2,13
chain fragments
Ambient
Gamma radiolysis: CH4 (0.4 relative mass spec, ion current), C 3 H 4
168
(3.0), C 3 H 6 (0.6), C 3 H 8 (0.8), C 4 H 4 (3.5), C 4 H 6 (6.0), C 3 H 7 F (3.2),
C 4 H 3 F (6.0), C 4 H 9 F (14.5), C 5 H 5 F (9.37), C 6 H 5 F (29),
p-fluorotoluene (23), /?-fluorostyrene (6.45), /?-fluoro-a-methyl
styrene (175.5), /?-fluoro-isopropyl benzene (11.5)
Ambient
Gamma radiolysis: CH4 (32 relative mass spec, ion current), H2O (26),
168
C 2 H 4 (35), C 3 H 4 (7.3), C 3 H 6 (15.2), C 3 H 8 (68.7), C 4 H 10 (8.2),
CH3OH (24.2), phenol (63.8), methoxybenzene (38.6),
p-methoxytoluene (19.6)
309-399
44.4% monomer, 7.3% xylene, 48.3% larger chain fragments
3
200-350
Ratio of monomer to oligomer rises from 40% at 2000C to 95% at 35O0C 79
560
C i - C 4 hydrocarbons, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, styrene,
278
ethyltoluene, vinyltoluene, naphthalene, ethylstyrene
385
CO, CH4, ethane, ethene, butane, 2-propionylstyrene, 2-propionyltoluene, 313
styrene, toluene, a-methylstyrene, a-methyl-2-propionylstyrene,
various dimeric and trimeric species not fully characterized
200-500
95-100% monomer
28
520-1200
Fragments both larger and smaller than monomer appear in increasing
28
amounts the higher the temperature, particularly CH4, C 2 H 4 , and
C 6 H 6 until at 12000C the monomer yield is only 33.9%
Ambient
Gamma radiolysis: CH4 (1.0 relative mass spec, ion current) C 2 H 6 (1.2), 168
C 3 H 4 (6.7), C 3 H 6 (1.8), C 3 H 8 (2.7), C 4 H 4 (22), C 4 H 10 (9.9),
cyclopentadiene (6.1), benzene (72.8), toluene (20), styrene (50.5),
oc-methyl styrene (184), isopropyl benzene (10)
400-900
Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, cumene, styrene, a-methyl styrene,
169
indene/phenylpropyne, methyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene, methylene
indene, naphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene, 1-methylnaphthalene,
biphenyl, anthracene/phenanthrene, dihydropyrene
350-500
Toluene, styrene, /?-ethylstyrene, 7VyV-diethyl-/?-toluidine, WV-diethyl170
/?-ethylaniline, p-TVyV-diethylaminostyrene, a-methyl-AÂf-diethylaminostyrene, 2-(p-Af,iV-diethylaminophenyl) butane, a-propyl-p-AW-diethylaminostyrene, N-ethyl-p-toluidine, Af-ethyl-p-toluidine, Af-ethyl/?-ethylaniline, Af-ethyl-/?-aminostyrene and closely related compounds
350-500
ra-iVyV-Dimethylaminostyrene,
A^TV-dimethyl-m-toluidine, m-xylene,
171
styrene, AUV-dimethyl-m-ethylaniline, toluene, m-methylstyrene,
a-methyl-m-A^,A^-dimethylaminostyrene, trans- fi-methy\-m-N,Ndimethylaminostyrene, a-emyl-ra-Af,Af-dimethylaminostyrene,
N-methyl-m-toluidine, Af-methyl-ra-ethylaniline,
Af-methyl-ra-aminostyrene, oligomers of m-AÂf-dimethylaminostyrene
and closely related compounds
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
- , /?-Af,N-dimethylamino-
Poly(/?-(2,4-dichlorobenzyl)styrene)
-, /?-isopropyl-a-methyl- , 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluoro- , a,p,(3-trifluoroPolystyrene (chain brominated

on a-position)
Poly(styrene-co-methylene)
~ ~ CH-CH 2 -CH 2 -CH-(CH 2 ) ~ ~
'
I
_ Qi 3 4 d 5
' '
Poly(styrene-a?-SO2) (1.85 :1)
Poly(styrene-c0-methacrylic acid)
18, 44 and 72 mol% MAA
Poly(styrene-co-chlorotrifluoroethylene)
7.7, 14, 20 mol% CTFE
500 for
30min
Ambient to 500
Ambient
390-446
333-382
150-300
300-500
Ambient to 500
350 for 4hr
200
Ambient to 500
Ambient to 500
Poly(styrene-co-glycidyl
methacrylate) 10, 23, 51, 62,
78, 86 mol% GMA
Ambient to 500
Poly(styrene-cc>-phenyl methacrylate)
10-90 mol% PMA
Ambient to 500
Poly(styrene-co-1,2,2,2,-tetrachloroethyl acrylate) (4.7/1)
310 and 500
Poly(styrene-c<?-l,2,2,2-tetrachloroethyl methacrylate) (3.8/1)
310 and 500
Poly(styrene-c0-bis-(l,2,2,2-tetrachloroethyl)fumarate) (8.9/1)
310 and 500
Poly(styrene-c6>-bis-(l,2,2,2-tetrachloroethyl) muconate) (7.72/1)
310 and 500
Poly(styrene-co-iV-(2,4,6-tribromophenyl)maleimide) (6.4/1)
310 and 500
Refs.
iV,iV-dimethylaniline (0.2% of original polymer weight), AÂf-dimethylp-toluidine (2.8%), N-methylaniline (0.4%), AyV-dimethyl-/?-ethylaniline
(0.4%), N-methyl-/?-toluidine (0.4%), JV-methyl-o-toluidine (0.4%),
p-toluidine (0.4%), Af-methyl-p-ethylaniline (0.4%), p-N,JV-dimethylaminostyrene (36.3%), a-methyl-/?-A^,A^-dimethylaminostyrene (0.7%)
Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, styrene, a-methylstyrene,
1,3-dichlorobenzene, 2,4-dichlorotoluene, monomer (major product),
complex series of halogenated and dehalogenated chain fragments
(see Ref.)
Gamma radiolysis: CH4 (8, relative mass spec, ion current), C 2 H 4 (4.6),
C 3 H 4 (7.2), C 3 H 6 (21.2), C3H8 (108), C 4 Hi 0 , (57.4)
63% of the products are volatile at 25C - contains some monomer
72% monomer, 28% larger chain fragments
HBr, trace styrene
Styrene, HBr, toluene, benzene
HBr, styrene, traces of toluene and benzene, /?-bromostyrene
Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, styrene (major volatile product), n-propylbenzene (except with n = 2), phenylpropene, butylbenzene (except
with n = 0), phenylbutene (with n = 4 and 5 only), amylbenzene
^ wittl n ~ 4 a n c l ^ o m ^ hexylbenzene (with n = 4 and 5 only), chain
fragment fraction (major product)
At 26.7 mbar pressure; 40% weight loss; main product is 2,4-diphenyl
thiophene; at least 11 unidentified minor products
CO 2 , H2O, butene, isobutene, dimethyl ketene, styrene, methacrylic
acid, succinic-type 5-membered cyclic anhydrides
Chlorotrifluoroethylene, styrene, HCl, chloropentafluoropropene,
ethene, chloroethene, toluene, a-methylstyrene, dimer and trimer
structures with some unsaturation; SiF4 (from reaction of HF with
glass). Distribution of products varies with polymer composition
CO, CO2, propene, isobutene, dimethyl ketene, acrolein, allyl
alcohol, toluene, styrene, a-methylstyrene, ethylbenzene, glycidol,
glycidylmethacrylate; product distribution depends on copolymer
composition
CH4, CO, CO 2 , propene, dimethyl ketene, toluene, styrene,
4-phenylbutene, 4-phenyl-2-methylbutene, phenyl methacrylate,
a-methylstyrene, short chain fragments
Styrene, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, a-methyl styrene, diphenyl,
5,6-benzo-2-methyl-3,5-cyclohexadienone, diphenylethane,
1,3-diphenylpropane, dimers and trimers of styrene,
chloroacetaldehyde, dichloroacetaldehyde, trichloroacetaldehyde,
trichloropropanal
Styrene, benzene, toluene, allylbenzene, a-methylstyrene, indane, isopropenylstyrene, 5,6-benzo-2-methyl-3,5-cyclo-hexadienone,
propyl-propenylbenzene, diphenylethane, 1,3-diphenylpropane, dimers
and trimers of styrene chloroacetaldehyde, dichloroacetaldehyde,
trichloroacetaldehyde, trichloropropanal, benzyl chloride,
2-chloroethylstyrene, 2,2-dichloroethenyl methacrylate,
1,2,2,2-tetrachloroethyl methacrylate
Styrene, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, allylbenzene, a-methylstyrene,
indane, diphenyl propylpropenylbenzene, diphenylethane,
1,3-diphenylpropane, dimers and trimers of styrene,
chloroacetaldehyde, dichloroacetaldehyde, trichloroacetaldehyde,
benzyl chloride
Styrene, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, a-methylstyrene, diphenyl,
propylpropenylbenzene, diphenylethane, 1,3-diphenylpropane, dimers
and trimers of styrene, chloroacetaldehyde, dichloroacetaldehyde,
trichloroacetaldehyde, trichloropropanal, benzyl chloride
Styrene, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, allylbenzene, a-methylstyrene,
indane, diphenylethane, 1,3-diphenylpropane, dimers and trimers of
styrene, N-(2,4,6-tribromophenyl) maleimide, N-dibromophenyl
maleinimide
172
275
168
67
14
271
271
271
173
68
294
261
264
280
174
174
174
174
174
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Poly(styrene-co-AKpentachlorophenyl)maleimide) (4.9/1)
310 and 500
Poly(styrene) 1:1 (w/w) blend

with bisphenol A polycarbonate
Ambient to 500
Poly(vinyl toluene-codivinyl benzene) 10-50% DVB
560
Poly(4-methoxystyrene)
1:1 (w/w) blend with
TABLE 2.
Ambient to 500
Refs.
Styrene, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, allylbenzene, oc-methylstyrene,

indane, diphenylethane, 1,3-diphenylpropane, dimers and trimers of
styrene, pentachlorophenyl isocyanate, Af-pentachlorophenyl formamide,
Af-tetrachlorophenyl maleinimide, N-(pentachlorophenyl) maleimide,
methyl maleic acid pentachlorophenylimide
CO 2 styrene, a-methylstyrene, p-cresol, phenol, /?-ethylphenol,
p-vinylphenol, p-isopropylphenol, polystyrene short chain fragments
with vinylidene and saturated ends, polycarbonate cyclic dimer and
chain fragments, bisphenol A
C i - C 4 hydrocarbons, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, styrene,
ethyltoluene, a-methylstyrene, vinyltoluene, divinylbenzene,
naphthalene, ethylstyrene; distribution varies with copolymer
composition
CO 2, 4-methoxystyrene, a-methyl-4-methoxystyrene, p-cresol and other
phenols in small amounts, poly (4-methoxy styrene) dimer and
trimer with vinylidene and saturated ends, polycarbonate cyclic
dimer and chain fragments, bisphenol A
174
272
278
272
MAIN-CHAIN CARBOCYCLIC POLYMERS
Polymer
Poly((E,E)[6.2]paracyclophane-l,5-diene)

460, 515, 620
Poly(perfluoro-m-phenylene)
700
Poly(perfluoro-p-phenylene)
high molecular weight (15000)
700
low molecular weight (3700)
700
Poly(l,4-phenylene)
250-620
- , 2-hydroxy-
300-620
Poly(l,4-phenylene ethylene)
420-465
408-515
436-475
Poy(l,3-phenylene-hexafluorotrimethylene
660 for 30 s
PoIy(1,4-phenylenemethylene)
386-416
Poly a-(ethoxycarbonyl-vinyl)-oo[4-(ethoxycarbonyl-vinyl)-phenyl]
(1,4-phenylene-2,4-bis-ethoxycarbonyl1,3-cyclobutylene)
320-360 for
1 h under N 2
Refs.
Primary product is monomer; in addition, a series of secondary products 251

based on ring-opened monomer are formed by H-abstraction (see
Ref.); also detected: toluene (not 4600C) and p-xylene
Volatiles comprise SiF4 (from silica vessel), CO2, with traces of C6F6
50
and C6F5H; white sublimate on vessel walls; residue contains 1%
fluorine
Volatiles comprise SiF4 (from silica vessel), CO2, with traces of
50
C-(Fe and C 6 F 5 H; white sublimate on vessel walls; residue contains
1% fluorine
Volatiles comprise SiF4 (from silica vessel), CO2, with traces of
50
C 6Fe and CeF5H; no white sublimate; residue contains 33-41%
fluorine
79% residue, 10% chain fragments, 11% volatiles comprising H 2 , CH4,
55
H2O, HCl (from catalyst)
60% residue, 24% chain fragments, 16% volatiles comprising CO, CO2
55
H 2 , CH4
3.6% of products are volatile at 25C and consist of 2.83% xylene,
13,14,80
0.29% toluene, 0.28% methylethyl benzene, 0.14% methylstyrene,
0.06% benzene, products involatile at 250C consist of dimericoctameric fragments
Mainly chain fragments (dimer-pentamer); traces of H 2 , monomer
81
H 2 , CH4, C 2 H 4 , C 2 H 6 , toluene, p-xylylene, p-ethyltoluene, p-methyl176
bibenzyl, l,2-di-/?-torylethane, 4,4'-dimethylstilbene
C 2 F 4 (21.6% of original weight of polymer), HF (17),
177
C 6 H 6 (8.5%), C 6 H 5 (CF 2 ) 3 C 6 H 5 (7.9%)

7.4% of products are volatile at 25C; 5.9% toluene, 1.4% benzene,
0.1% xylene
Low-molecular-weight polymer and small amount of monomer
13,14
195
TABLE 3. MAIN-CHAIN HETEROATOM POLYMERS

Polymer
Refs.
3.1. POLY(OXIDES) AND POLY(KETONES)

Poly(fluoro ethers)
510-540
178
b.
c.
d.
Poly(oxybutylethylene)
321-365
Poly(oxy-2,5-dimethoxy-l,4-phenylene)
100-550
Poly(oxy-2,6-dimethyl-l,4-phenylene)
100-550
400-550
Poly(oxyethylene)
324-363
280
Poly(oxymethylene)
222
100-180
Poly(oxymethyleneoxyethylene)
Poly(oxy-2-methylphenylene)
314-338
250-500
Poly(oxy-l,3-phenylene)
300-620
Poly(oxy-l,4-phenylene)
550
Poly(oxy-l,4-phenylene)blend-polystyrene (60: 40)

Poly(oxypropylene) atactic
isotactic
Poly(oxytetramethylene)
Poly(oxytrichloromethyl methylene)
(Poly(trichloro acetaldehyde))
585
300-360
270-330
275-355
347
Ambient
Mixture of saturated and hydrocarbons (Ci-C 6), aldehydes

(C 1 -C 6 XH 2 5 H 2 O
41% residue, 29% fragments, 30% volatiles comprising H 2 , CH4, CO,
CO 2 , CH3OH, traces of H 2 O, C 2 H 6 , other hydrocarbons
26% residue, 66% chain fragments, 8% volatiles comprising H 2 , CH4,
H2O, CO, CO2
0-Cresol, 2,6-dimethyl phenol, 2,4-dimethyl phenol,
2,4,6-trimethyl phenol, various ketones, dimers, and more
complicated structures (see Ref.), various combinations of the
monomeric skeletons
9.7% of products volatile at 25C-3.9% monomer with smaller
amounts of CO2, formaldehyde, ethanol, and saturated and C i - C 7
compounds
Diethyl ether, ethyl methyl ether, acetaldehyde, formaldehyde,
CO 2 , CO, ethene, cyclohex-3-ene-l-one
100% Monomer
100% Formaldehyde; inverse relationship between molecular weight and
rate for hydroxyl terminated polymers; acetylation of terminal hydroxy
groups inhibits the reaction
Major volatile products CH4, C 2 H 6 , C 2 H 4 , C 2 H 2 , HCO 2 C 2 H 5
p-Xylene, phenol, 2-methylphenol, 4-methylphenol, 2,4-dimethylphenol,
and a variety of more complex structures (see Ref.)
34% Residue, 53% chain fragments, 13% volatiles comprising H2O, CO,
H 2 , CH4, CO 2 , trace of C 6 H 6
Hydroquinone, phenol, benzene, diphenylether,
4,4/-dihydroxydiphenylether, 4-phenoxyphenol. In addition, a broad
spectrum of phenyl and phenolic terminated oligomers with up to
10 aromatic units
As 5500C plus dibenzofuran and dibenzofuran-containing oligomers
Ethylbenzene, styrene, a-methylstyrene, 2-methylphenol,
2,6-dimethylphenol, 2,4-dimethylphenol, 2,4,6-trimethylphenol,
1,3-diphenylpropane, 2,4-diphenyl-1 -butene, 2,4,6-triphenyl-1 -hexene,
PPO dimers
12.8% of products volatile at 25C, including 4.00% acetaldehyde, 2.22%
acetone, 1.43% dipropyl ether and 0.75% propylene
20% of products volatile at 25C, including 6.34% acetaldehyde, 2.39%
acetone, 2.19% dipropyl ether, and 2.22% propylene
Volatiles comprise a mixture of CH4, C 2 H 6 , C 3 H 8 , C 4 Hi 0 , C 2 H 4 ,
C 3 H 6 , CH3CHO, C2H5CHO, C3H7CHO
Monomer
20
55
55
179
25
252
27
181
20
180
55
255
255
318
25
25
20
182
TABLE 3. cont'd
Polymer
Poly(oxy- 1,4-phenylenecarbonyl-l,4-phenylene)
(Poly(ether ketone), PEK)
390, 490, 530
506
Poly(oxy-1,4-phenyleneoxy-1,4-phenylene
-carbonyl-1,4-phenylene)
(Poly(ether ether ketone),
PEEK)
Poly(etherketone-coethersulphone)
Mole ratio 1:3, 3:1, 1:1
(random), 1:1
(alternating)
3.2.
506
Refs.
Low MW polymer at 4900C produces benzene, phenol, benzaldehyde,

4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, diphenyl ether, biphenylene, benzophenone,
series of -H, -OH and -CHO terminated chain fragments containing
< 8 aromatic units and fragments containing dibenzofuran units.
High MW polymer at 53OC as above. Low MW polymer at 3900C
produces significant quantities of 4-hydroxy benzaldehyde and
benzophenone-4,4 '-diol
Phenol, dibenzofuran, benzofuran derivatives, mixtures of oligomers
mostly hydroxy terminated
Phenol, dibenzofuran, benzofuran derivatives, mixtures of oligomers
mostly hydroxy terminated
250
315
315
All polymers have same products with distribution varying with

250
composition. Biphenyl, hydroquinone, 4-phenoxyphenol, benzaldehyde,
4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, diphenyl sulphone, diphenylether, phenol,
benzophenone-4,4'-diol. Also two series of chain fragments containing
PEK and PES units with -H, -OH and -CHO ends. Analogous fragments
with biphenyl units
POLY(ESTERS)
Poly(3-oxybenzoyl)
Poly(4-oxybenzoyl)
Poly(oxycarbonyl-l,3-phenylenehexafluoroisopropylidene-1,3-phenylene
carbonyloxy-1,3-phenylene-hexafluoroisopropylidene-1,3-phenylene)
Poly(oxycarbonyl-l-chloroisopropylidene)
Poly(oxycarbonylcyclohexylidene)
Poly(oxycarbonylcyclopentylidene)
Poly(oxycarbonyl-3-pentylidene)
(Poly(ethylene terephthalate))
330
505-565
Monomer, cyclic dimer-heptamer

CO, CO 2 , phenol, p-hydroxy phenyl benzoate
HF (12%), cyclic structures (see Ref.)
187
197
177
253-384
200-500
200-500
200-300
283-306
HCl and a compound with a glycollidic structure

Cyclohexen-1-carboxylic acid, cyclohexanone
Cyclopenten-1-carboxylic acid, cyclopentanone, dicyclopentyl glycollide
Cw- and trans-2-tthy\ crotonic acid (major products)
Acetaldehyde major gaseous product with CO 2 , CO, C 2 H 4 , H2O, CH4,
benzene, 2-methyl-dioxolane, terephthalic acid, and more complex
chain fragments
CO, CH4, CO 2 , ethylene, acetylene, ethane, H2O, propylene, ethanal,
acetone, propanal, ethanol, benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, styrene,
/?-vinyl toluene, benzaldehyde, p-ethyl toluene, acetophenone, methyl
benzoate, vinyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate, /?-methyl acetophenone,
benzoic acid, p-methyl vinyl benzoate, /?-vinyl acetophenone, propyl
benzoate, /?-ethyl vinyl benzoate, p-vinyl vinyl benzoate,
biphenyl, 1-hydroxy ethyl benzoate, diacetyl benzene, p-acetyl
vinyl benzoate, divinyl terephthalate, ethyl vinyl terephthalate,
ethyl vinyl terephthalate, /7-acetyl benzoic acid, methyl 1-hydroxyethyl
terephthalate, ethylene dibenzoate
CO, CH4, CO 2 , ethene, ketene, acetaldehyde, 1,4-dioxane, toluene,
benzaldehyde, vinylbenzoate, divinylterephthalate, benzoic acid,
terephthaldehydic acid, terephthalic acid, hydroxyethyl methyl
terephthalate, short chain fragments
CO, CH4 (trace), CO 2 , ethene (trace), formaldehyde, acetaldehyde,
1,3-dioxalane, ethoxyacetaldehyde, 1,4-dioxane, glycidol, diethylether,
1,2-dimethoxyethane, 2-methoxyethanol, 2-ethoxyethanol,
-CH2CH2COCH 2 -(ring), HOCH2CH2OCH2CHO,
CH3OCH2CH2OC2H5, terephthalic acid, triethylene glycol,
tetraethylene glycol, chain fragments
CO, CH4 (trace), CO 2 , ethene (trace), formaldehyde, acetaldehyde,
1,3-dioxalane, methoxyacetaldehyde, 1,4-dioxane, 7-membered cyclic
ether, methyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate, benzaldehyde,
185
198
198
188
26
900
Ambient to 500
Polyester from terephthaloyl

chloride and n = 4
polyethylene glycol
Polyester from terephthaloyl

chloride and n = 22
polyethylene glycol
Ambient to 500
-CH 2 CH 2 COCH 2 -(ring), H O C H 2 C H 2 O C H 2 C H O ,
CH3OCH2CH2OC2H5, -(CH 2 CH 2 O) 2 CH 2 CO-(ring),

CH2 = CHOCH 2CH 2OCH2CHO, HO(CH 2CH2O) 2C 2H5 ,
C 2 H 5 (OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 H, terephthalic acid, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene
glycol, chain fragments
192
298
274
274
TABLE 3. cont'd
Polymer
Poly(oxyisophthaloyl-oxy-l,3-phenylene)
330
Poly(oxyisophthaloyl-oxy-l,4-phenylene)
330
Poly(oxy-l-oxohexamethylene)
Poly((D)-oxy-l-oxo-3-methyl-trimethylene)
(Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate))
220
Ambient to 338
250
400
600
350
Poly((D)-oxy-l-oxotetramethylene)
(Poly(4-hydroxybutyrate))
Poly(oxy-l-oxo-2methylethylene)
(Poly(l-lactic acid))
Poly(oxy-l-oxo-2,2-dimethyltrimethylene
(Poly(a,a-dimethyl-p-propiolactone))
Poly(oxy- 1-oxo-trimethylene)
(Poly(p-propiolactone))
Poly(oxyterephthaloyloxy1,2-phenylene)
Poly(oxyterephthaloyloxy-l,3-phenylene)
320
500
Poly(oxytetramethyleneoxyterephthaloyl)
(Poly(butylene terephthalate))
187
187
184
186
245
245
245
246
257
250-600
180-220
Acrylic acid
189
CO2, benzene, phenol, benzaldehyde, catechol, cyclic dimer
285
Ambient to 500
345
350
Ambient to 500
240-280
200-400
Ambient to 500
Poly(oxydecamethyleneoxyterephthaloyl)
Poly(oxyethyleneoxyadipoyl)
Poly(oxytetramethyleneoxysebacoyl)
Polyester from maleic anhydride,
hexolic acid and butanediol;
mole ratio 1:1:2.2
Cyclic monomer (10 relative abundance), cyclic dimer (83.5), cyclic

trimer (24.5), benzoic acid, isophthalic acid, resorcinol and various
fragments of the main chain (see Ref.)
Cyclic dimer (17), cyclic trimer (4), m-phthalic acid (26), benzoic acid
(7.5), hydroquinone (46), and various fragments of the main chain
(see Ref.)
Monomer (e-caprolactone)
Dimer (41.2 wt.%), crotonic acid (35.3), trimer (12.5), tetramer (2.9),
iso-crotonic acid (0.9). Small amounts of CO 2, propene, ketene,
acetaldehyde, and P-butyrolactone are formed at higher temperatures
due to decomposition of primary products
Crotonic acid (64.4% of original polymer), dehydrated dimer (7.2%),
dehydrated trimer (1.2%)
Crotonic acid (trans), dehydrated dimer (trans), dehydrated trimer and
tetramer (cisltrans not resolved)
Cyclic oligomers (y-butyrolactone and higher homologues)
282
Ambient to 500
Poly(oxyterephthaloyloxy-4,4/diphenylene)
Refs.
CO, CO2, acetaldehyde, acetone, acrylic acid, acetic acid, DL-lactide,

meso-lactide, cyclic oligomers up to nonamer, 2,3 pentanedione (?),
lactoyl lactic acid (?)
Isobutylene and CO2
Ambient to 500
Poly(oxyterephthaloyloxy-l,4-phenylene)
Ambient to 500
Ambient to 500
Ambient to 500
100-440
183
Cyclic dimer (2), cyclic trimer (0.3), terephthalic acid (0.4), benzoic acid 187
(1.5), resorcinol (20) and various fragments of the main chain (see Ref.)
CO2, benzene, phenol, benzaldehyde, biphenyl, benzoic acid,
285
3-hydroxyphenylbenzoate, resorcinol, mono and di(3-hydroxyphenyl)
terephthalate, terephthalic acid, terephthaldehydic acid, short chain
fragments
Cyclic dimer (0.1), terephthalic acid (0.5), benzoic acid (6), hydroquinone 187
(40.5), and various fragments of the main chain (see Ref.)
Benzene, phenol, benzaldehyde, biphenyl, benzoquinone,
285
4-hydroxyphenylbenzoate, benzoic acid, mono and di(4-hydroxyphenyl)
terephthalate, terephthalic acid, terephthaldehydic acid, short chain
fragments
CO2, benzene, phenol, benzaldehyde, biphenyl, 4-phenylphenol,
285
/?,/?'-dihydroxybiphenyl, 4-hydroxybiphenylbenzoate,
di(4-hydroxybiphenyl) terephthalate
Butadiene, terephthalic acid, mono-3-butenyl terephthalate, and
190
di-3-butenyl terephthalate
Tetrahydrofuran, 1,3-butadiene, CO2, CO, H2O, benzoic acid, tereph191
thalic acid, terephthalic acid mono-3-butenyl, toluene, phenol, benzene
CO, CO 2 , butadiene, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, benzene, 1,5-hexadiene,
298
dihydrofuran, 4-vinyl cyclohexene, 1,4-butane diol, benzaldehyde,
benzoic acid, terephthaldehydic acid, terephthalic acid, mono-3-butenyl
terephthalate, cyclic dimer, short chain fragments
CO, CO 2 , 1,9-decadiene, 1,10-decane diol, l-decene-10-ol, benzoic acid, 298
terephthalic acid, mono-decenyl terephthalate
Cyclic oligomers, CO, CO2, acetaldehyde, 2-ethylacrolein
269
CO 2 , H2O, butadiene, tetrahydrofuran
299
Tetrahydrofuran, 1-butanol, toluene, maleic anhydride, chlorosuccinic
311
acid isomers, chlorovalerolactone isomers, hydroxypyran, allylpyran,
trichlorocylopentadiene, tetrachlorocylopentadiene,
pentachlorocylopentadiene, hexachlorocylopentadiene, phthalic anhydride,
1,4-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol dibenzoate, benzoic acid,
4-cyclohexene-l,2-dicarboxylic acid anhydride, benzoic acid butenyl
ester, cyclohexadiene carboxylic acid propyl ester, hexolic anhydride,
TABLE 3. cont'd
Polymer
Refs.
unidentified butenyl ester, compound containing C 5 HCl 5 unit,

CH3-CH=CH-CH2-O-CH3, C H 3 - C H = C H - C H 2 - O - C H = CH2,
Polyester from maleic anhydride,

phthalic anhydride and
butanediol; mol ratio
1:1:2.2
100-440
Unsaturated polyester resins

a. Maleic acid-phthalic acid-propylene
glycol-styrene
300-800
Cl-CH=CH-O-CH2-CH3
Tetrahydrofuran, 1-butanol, 3-butene-l-ol, toluene, maleic anhydride,
311
phthalic anhydride, 1,4-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol dibenzoate, phthalic
acid butenyl ester, various esters containing butenyl, maleate and
phthalate units, C H 3 - C H = C H - C H 2 - O - C H 3 ,
C H 3 - C H = C H - C H 2 - O - C H = CH2
b. Maleic acid-tetrabromophthalic
acid-phthalic acid-propylene glycolstyrene
c. Maleic acid-phthalic aciddibromoneopentyl glycol-styrene
3.3.
Ethane (above 5000C), propionaldehyde (above 4000C), styrene (major

product), phthalic anhydride (major product), benzene (above 5000C),
toluene (above 5000C), xylene (above 5000C)
193
Cyclic trimer, tetramer, and pentamer, and various chain fragments

Major products: CO 2 , bisphenol A; minor products: CO, CH4,
4-alkyl phenols
CO, CO 2 , CH 4 , phenol, diphenyl carbonate, 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2phenyl propane
Cyclic dimer, cyclic trimer, bisphenol A, and other chain fragments
CO, CH4, CO 2 , H 2 O, phenol, /?-cresol, /?-ethyl phenol, /?-isopropyl
phenol, p-vinyl phenol, bisphenol A, cyclic dimer, chain fragments
including some ester structures
Phenol, /7-cresol
CO2, phenol, /?-cresol
Cyclic monomer and dimer, and higher cyclic fragments
226
60
304
304
226
HF (3%), cyclic dimer
177
270
Cyclic dimer and trimer, and higher cyclic fragments
226
350
CO 2 , CO, O 2 , H 2 O, phenol, fluorenone, diphenyl carbonate, xanthone,

anthraquinone, 2-hydroxyanthraquinone, 2-benzoxyanthraquinone,
phenolphthalein, traces of benzoxyphenol and hydroquinone
CO2/H2O (possibly desorbed), trimethylene carbonate, cyclic oligomers
CO 2 , monomer, oligomer
CO, CO 2 , H 2 O (possibly desorbed), a-methylstyrene, chain fragments
(85%, w/w)
227
POLY(CARBONATES)
Poly(oxycarbonyloxy-l,3-phenylene)
Poly(oxycarbonyloxy-l,4-phenyleneisopropylidene-l,4-phenylene)
270
300-389
200^00
290
Ambient to 500
Poly(oxycarbonyloxy-l,4-phenyleneisopropylidene-1,4-phenylene-oxy-carbonyltetramethylene)
Poly(oxycarbonyloxy-l,3-phenylene
hexafluorotrimethylene-1,3-phenylene)
Poly(oxycarbonyloxy-l,4-phenyleneoxycarbonyloxy-tetramethylene)
Poly(oxycarbonyloxy-l,4-phenylenephthalidylidene-l,4-phenylene)
Poly(trimethy}ene carbonate)
Poly(neopentylene carbonate)
Poly(2-phenyl trimethylene
carbonate)
3.4.
Ethane (above 6000C), propionaldehyde (above 4000C), styrene (major

193
product), phthalic anhydride (major product), benzene (above (4500C),
toluene (above 5000C), xylene (above 4000C)
Styrene (major product), phthalic anhydride (major product), benzene
193
(above 5500C), toluene (above 4500C), xylene (above 5000C)
300
375
240
Ambient to 500
Ambient to 500
Ambient to 500
225
226
304
295
296
296
POLY(ANHYDRIDES)
Poly(oxycarbonyl-1,3-phenylenehexafluorotrimethylene-1,3-phenylenecarbonyl)
Poly(maleic anhydride-co-frans
stilbene) (alternating copolymer)
350
Ambient to 500
Cyclic dimer
177
CO 2 , styrene, maleic anhydride; small amounts benzene, cyclohexadiene, 242

dimethylbutene, ethylcyclobutanol and 4-methoxystyrene; major products
(79%) are chain fragments, including aromatic, ketonic and unsaturated
structures
3.5. POLY(SULFIDES) AND POLY(SULFONES)

Poly(thioacetone)
Poly(thioethylene)
Poly(thio-l,4-perfluorophenylene)
145
220-260
500
Poly(thiomethylene-1,4phenylene-methylene)
250-350
Main product is cyclic trimer [(CH3) 2CS]

69
Ethylene, H 2 S, ethanethiol
199
73% Residue; remainder, chain fragments, H 2 , SiF 4 (from silica vessel), 51
CO 2
Sulphur, styrene, thiobenzaldehyde, 4-methyl styrene, /?-xylene,
254
4-ethyl toluene, H 2 S, 4-methyl thiobenzaldehyde, stilbene and chain
TABLE 3. cont'd
Polymer
650
Poly(dithiomethylene-1,4phenylene-methylene)
250-350
650
Poly(thio-l,2-phenylene)
430
540
460
300-620
325-625
560
Refs.
fragments containing stilbene units, chain fragments containing polymer

repeat units with -CH 2 SH, -CH = S and -CH 3 terminal units
Toluene, ethylbenzene, p-xylene, 1,4-diethylbenzene, 4-ethyltoluene;
series of polycyclic aromatics containing phenanthrene and
dihydrophenanthrene
Sulphur, styrene, thiobenzaldehyde, 4-methyl styrene, /?-xylene,
4-ethyl toluene, H 2 S, 4-methyl thiobenzaldehyde, stilbene and chain
fragments containing stilbene units, chain fragments containing polymer
repeat units with -CH 2 SH, - C H = S and -CH 3 terminal units
Toluene, ethylbenzene, p-xylene, 1,4-diethylbenzene, 4-ethyltoluene;
series of polycyclic aromatics containing phenanthrene and
dihydrophenanthrene
Cyclic dimer (thianthrene), some cyclic trimer
Cyclic oligomers (trimer to heptamer) in decreasing yield
72% Residue; remainder chain fragments, H 2 , dibenzthiophene
38% Residue, 47% chain fragments, 15% volatiles comprising mainly
H2S and H 2
Benzene, thiophenol, diphenyl, diphenylsulfide, dibenzothiophene,
chlorobenzene (from polymers with terminal chlorine atoms)
Cyclic oligomers tetramer to heptamer (pentamer dominates)
254
254
254
258
258
51
59
200
258
Poly(oxy-1,4-phenylene-sulfonyl1,4-phenylene-oxy-1,4-phenyleneisopropylidene-1,4-phenylene)
380
350-450
470 for 2 h
800
Poly(oxy-1,4-phenylene-sulfonyl1,4-phenylene)
470 for 2h
550-600
800
Poy(tris-(oxy-l,4-phenylene)-sulfonyl-l,4phenylene)
Poly(oxy-4,4'-diphenylene-oxy-l,4-phenylene
sulfonyl-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(oxy-l,4-phenylene-sulfony 1-1,4-phenyleneoxy-1,4-phenylenemethylene-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(sulfur dioxide-co-1-butene)
Poly(sulfur dioxide-co-1-hexene)
Poly(sulfur dioxide-co-1-octadecene)
Poly(sulfur dioxide-co-bicycloheptene)
700-800
700-800
700-800
700-800
Poly(sulfur dioxide-co-cyclopentene)
700-800
Poly(sulfur dioxide-co-c/s-2-butene)
700-800
Poly(sulfur dioxide-co-methyl
methacrylate-co-1-hexene) (24.2/1)
Poly(sulfur dioxide-co-methyl
methacrylate-co-bicycloheptene) (2.5/1)
700-800
700-800
Phenol with smaller amounts of/7-cresol, /?-ethyl phenol, /?-isopropylphenyl phenol, bisphenol A, diphenyl ether, p-tolyl phenyl ether,
p-ethyl diphenyl ether, p-isopropenyl diphenyl ether, isomers of tolyl
(ethyl-phenyl)ether
In 90min at 4500C, 15% (of initial weight) of gaseous products are
formed; SO2 (76% of gaseous products), CO2 (15%), CO (4.5%),
CH4 (4.5%)
Benzene, toluene, /?-xylene, isopropylbenzene, phenol (main product),
diphenyl oxide, diphenyl sulfide
SO2, benzene, toluene, styrene, phenol, methylphenol, diphenylether,
methyl diphenylether
Phenol (main product), diphenyl oxide
201
SO2, diphenylsulfone, phenol, diphenylether, hydroquinone,

benzenesulfonic acid, 4-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid,
4,4/-dihydroxydiphenylether, 4-phenoxyphenol; series of -H and -OH
terminated fragments up to trimer, series of compounds containing
consecutive diphenylether and dibenzofuran units, fragments containing
biphenyl units as a result of SO2 elimination; complex ring structures
with sulfonate links
SO2, benzene, phenol, diphenyl ether, dibenzofuran
Benzene, phenol (major product), diphenyl oxide, p-hydroxydiphenyl, or
/?-hydroxydiphenyl oxide
Phenol (main product), diphenyl oxide
255
202
203
288
203
288
203
203
Benzene, toluene, /7-xylene, phenol (main product), diphenyl oxide
203
Monomers
Monomers
Monomers
SO2, bicycloheptene, cyclopentadiene, ethylene, methyl cyclohexadiene,
benzene, indene, naphthalene, dihydronaphthalenes
SO2, cyclopentene, xylenes, ethylbenzene, styrene, indene/decadienes,
dihydronaphthalenes, tetralin, napthalene
SO 2 , butenes, benzene, toluene, octadienes, xylenes, styrene, indene,
naphthalene
SO2, hexenes, hexadienes, methyl methacrylate, toluene, naphthalene,
dodecadienes
SO2, ethylene cyclopentadiene, benzene, methyl methacrylate, bicycloheptene, methylcyclohexa-2,4-diene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, styrene,
indene, naphthalene, dihydronaphthalenes
204
204
204
204
204
204
204
204
TABLE 3. cont'd
Polymer
Refs.
3.6. POLY(AMIDES)
Poly(2,5-dimethyl-l,4-piperazinediylisophthaloyl)
475
Poly(2,5-dimethyl-1,4-piperazinediyloxaloyl)
475
Poly(2,5-dimethyl-l,4-piperazinediylterephthaloyl)
475
Poly(iminoisophthaloylimino1,3-phenylene) (Nomex)
300-500
300-500
450-550
PolyOminoisophthaloylimino1,3-perchlorophenylene)
550
Poly(iminoisophthalylimino1,4-phenylene)
Poly(iminoisophthaloyl-co-terephthaloylimino-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(imino(l-oxohexamethylene) (Nylon 6)
Poly(iminohexamethyleneiminoadipoyl)
(Nylon 66)
300-500
250-620
327
310-380
305
305
400
Poly(imino(l-oxoundecamethylene)
(Nylon 11)
800
Poly(imino(l-oxododecamethylene)
(Nylon 12)
800
Poly(iminoterephthaloylimino1,3-phenylene)
Poly(iminoterephthaloylimino1,4-phenylene) (Kevlar)
300-500
300-500
370-450
450-550
527
Poly(2-methylpiperazinediylterephthaloyl)
475
Poly(l,4-piperazinediylterephthaloyl)
475
After 1 h, 5.1% residue, 73.8% chain fragments, 20.5% volatiles

comprising mainly CO, H2O, CH4, CO2, H2, with traces of
hydrocarbons, pyrazines, pyrroles
After Ih, 1% residue, 73.5% chain fragments, comprising mainly CO,
with traces of H2, CO2, H2O, hydrocarbons, pyrazines, pyrroles
After Ih, 9.4% residue, 3.2% chain fragments 87.4% volatiles
comprising mainly CO, H2O, CO2, CH4, NH3, with traces of
hydrocarbons, pyrazines, and pyrroles
Mixture of H 2 , CO, CO 2 , H2O, HCN, benzene, toluene, benzonitrile
CO2, H2O, CO
Benzene, HCN, toluene, benzonitrile, H 2
CO, CO 2 , H2O, benzene, benzonitrile, 1,3-dicyanobenzene,
3-cyanobenzoic acid, other trace compounds
Water (46 mol%), CO (18), CO2 (31), CH4 (1.2), HCN (1.3), and
smaller quantities of, N 2 O, NO, CH3CI, ethylene, acetylene, cyanogen,
acetonitrile, acetone, acetic acid, cyanogen chloride, propenenitrile,
benzene, toluene, benzonitrile, phenol, chlorobenzene
Mixture of H 2 , CO, CO 2 , H2O, HCN, benzene, toluene, benzonitrile
30
47
47
57
205
205
319
206
57
36% residue, 24% chain fragments, 40% volatiles comprising H 2 , CO,

58
CO2, CH 4
Cyclic monomer, acetonitrile, HCN, NH 3, acrylonitrile, 3-cyanopropene, 293
4-cyanobutadiene, 4-cyano-1 -butene, 5-cyano-1,3-pentadiene,
4-pentenal, 5-cyano-l-pentene, 3,5-hexadienal, 5-isocyanato1-pentene, linear dimer
H2O, CO 2 , cyclopentanone, traces of saturated and hydrocarbons;
45,46
purification from water and acid polymerization catalysts increases
stability and decreases yield of CO2
H2O, CO2, NH 3, cyclic monomer, cyclopentanone, cyclopentylidine207
cyclopentanone, cyclopentylcyclopentanone, hexylamine,
hexamethyleneimine, hexamethylenediamine
CO 2 , NH3, H2O, cyclic monomer, cyclopentanone,
207
2-cyclopentylidenecyclo pentanone, 2-cyclopentylcyclopentanone,
hexylamine, hexamethyleneimine, hexamethylenediamine,
1,2,3,5,6,7-hexahydro dicyclopenta[b,e]pyridine
Hexamethylenediamine, aminohexamethylene isocyanate,
247
hexamethylenediamine-monocyclopentanimine, hexamethylenediaminedicyclopentanimine and larger oligomers related to above;
cyclopentanone
CO 2 , HCN, saturated and olefinic hydrocarbons C5-Cn,
308
saturated and olefinic mononitriles CwH(2n+1)CN and CwH(2n_i)CN,
undecalactam, hydrocarbons and nitriles containing amide units
CO2, HCN, saturated and olefinic hydrocarbons C 5 - C n ,
308
saturated and olefinic mononitriles CnH(2n+1)CN and CnH(2n_!)CN,
dodecalactam, hydrocarbons and nitriles containing amide units
Mixture of H 2 , CO, CO2, H2O, HCN, benzene, toluene, benzonitrile
57
Mixture of H 2 , CO, CO2, H2O, HCN, benzene, toluene, benzonitrile
57
CO 2 , H2O, CO
205
Benzene, HCN, toluene, benzonitrile, H 2
Cyanobenzene, dicyanobenzene, aniline, 1,4-diaminobenzene,
293
4-cyanoaniline, benzaldehyde, benzene, CO, NH3, CO2, H2O,
benzamide, benzoic acid, phenylisocyanate, terephthaldehyde, benzanilide,
NH 2 -Ph-NH-CO-Ph, NC-Ph-NH-CO-Ph,
NH 2 -Ph-NH-CO-Ph-CN, Ph-NH-CO-Ph-CHO
After Ih, 11.3% residue, 46.2% chain fragments, 42.5% volatiles
30
comprising mainly CO, H2O, CO2, CH4, NH3, H 2 , with traces of
After Ih, 21.1% residue, 45.6% chain fragments, 33.3% volatiles
30
comprising mainly H2O, CO, H 2 , CO2, NH3, with traces of
TABLE 3. cont'd
Polymer
3.7.
Refs.
POLY(SILOXANES)
Poly(oxy-dimethylsilylene)
(Poly(dimethyl siloxane))
Ambient to 500
470
Poly(oxy-methylphenylsilylene)
Ambient to 500
Poly(oxy-methyl-3,3,3-trifluoropropylsilylene)
400
615 for 30 s
Poly(oxy-phenylbutoxysilylene)
Poly(dimethyl siloxane-codiphenyl siloxane)
430-500
Ambient to 500
Poly(dimethyl siloxane-co
phenylmethyl siloxane)
Ambient to 500
Poly (dimethyl-1,4-silphenylene)
400 in argon
Predominantly cyclic trimer with smaller amounts of cyclic tetramer and 208
higher cyclics; threshold degradation temperature of about 3000C
reduced to 1000C by 5% KOH and CH 4 formed as additional product
Distribution of cyclic oligomers, n = 3 (243.9 relative mass spec.
317
intensity), n = 4 (100), n = 5 (35.6), n = 6 (37.6), n = 1 (13.1),
n = 8 ( l . l ) , n = 9(0.2)
Mixture of all possible stereoisomeric cyclic trimers and tetramers with
209
small amounts of pentamer, benzene, and two more complex oligomers
Low-molecular-weight cyclic oligomers, CF 2 = CH-CH 3 , CHF 3
70
Cyclic methyl-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)siloxanes, CH 4 , CHF3,
CF 2 = CH-CH 3 , CH 2 = CH-CF 3
CO, H 2 and hydrocarbons
Complex mixture of cyclic oligomers, which have been individually
identified, whose composition varies with the dimethyl/diphenyl ratio;
small amounts of benzene
Complex mixture of cyclic oligomers, which have been individually
identified, whose composition varies with the dimethyl/methyl phenyl
ratio; small amounts of benzene
Methane, dimethylsilane, benzene, dimethylphenylsilane,
210
211
212
213
214
dimethyldiphenylsilane,
Poly(oxy-methylphenyl1,4-silphenylene-silylene)
Poly(oxy-tetramethyl-
Ambient to 500
500 in argon
1,4-silphenylene-silylene)
Benzene, diphenylmethylsilane, triphenylmethylsilane, and higher

linear oligomers
CH3 CH3
214
Methane, H - S i - O - S i - H , benzene, cyclic trimer of dimethylsiloxane,

CH3
Ambient to 500
Poly(oxy-tetramethyl-l,3-silphenylene615 for 30s

silylene-hexafluoropropylenephenylene)
Poly(oxy-tetramethyl-l,3-silphenylene615 for 30s
silylene-tetrafluoroethylenephenylene)
Poly(oxy-tetramethyl-l,3-silphenyleneAmbient to 500
siloxane-co-dimethylsiloxane)
Poly(boron tri(dimethylsiloxane)), nonlinear
250-350
3.8.
215
CH3
and various higher chain fragments (see Ref.)

Cyclic trimer and tetramer of dimethylsiloxane and a complex mixture
of higher linear and cyclic oligomers
HF (15-18%), methane, methyltrifluorosilane, dimethyldifluorosilane,
benzene, toluene, phenyldifluoromethane
HF (15-18%), methane, methyltrifluorosilane, dimethyldifluorosilane,
benzene, toluene, phenyldifluoromethane
Cyclic trimer and tetramer of dimethylsiloxane and a complex mixture
of higher linear and cyclic oligomers
Molecular weight increases; traces of cyclic products [(CH 3 ) 2 Si0] 3
and [(CH 3 ) 2 Si0] 4
216
210
210
216
15
POLY(URETHANES)
Poly(oxy-2,2-dimethyltrimethylene)
oxycarbonyl-Af-imino-1,4-phenylenemethylene1,4-phenylene-A/-iminocarbonyl)
Poly(oxy-l,4-phenyleneisopropylidene1,4-phenyleneoxycarbonylimino-l ,4-phenylene
methylene-1,4-phenylene-iminocarbonyl)
Poly(oxy-l,4-phenyleneisopropylidene1,4-phenylene-oxycarbonyl-A^methylimino1,4-phenylenemethylene-1,4-phenyleneAf-methyliminocarbonyl)
Poly(oxy-l,4-phenyleneisopropylidene1,4-phenylene-oxycarbonyl-Af-methyliminohexamethylene-Af-methyliminocarbonyl)
Poly((oxy-l,4-phenyleneisopropylidene1,4-phenylene-oxycarbonyl-piperazine1,4-diyl-carbonyl)
350
Various fragments of the main chain (see Ref.)
231
190
4,4/-Diphenylmethane diisocyanate, bisphenol A
231
Bisphenol A, 4,4/-J/V-methyldiphenyl methane and linear and cyclic

fragments of the main chain (see Ref.)
231
330
Cyclic monomer and dimer, and various chain fragments
232
330
Cyclic dimer, bisphenol A and various chain fragments
232
TABLE 3.
cont'd
Polymer
Poly(oxy-l,3-phenylene-oxycarbonyl320
Af-methylimino-hexamethyleneAf-methyliminocarbonyl)
Poly(oxy-l,4-phenyleneoxycarbonyl325
Af-methylimino-1,4-phenylenemethylene1,4-phenylene-A^methyliminocarbonyl)
Poly(oxy-l,3-phenylene-oxycarbonyl360
piperazine-1,4-diyl-carbonyl)
Poly(oxytetramethylene oxycarbonylAmbient to 500
imino-1,4-phenylenemethylene1,4-phenylene-iminocarbonyl)
with 10% (w/w) ammonium
Ambient to 500
polyphosphate
Poly(oxy-xylylene-oxycarbonylimino300
xylylene-iminocarbonyl)
Polyurethane from methylene bis600
(4-phenyl isocyanate) (105 parts) and
propoxylated trimethyl propane (100 parts)
250-350
350-500
500-650
Polyurethane from butane diol,
phenylphosphonic dichloride, and
methylene bis-(4-phenyl isocyanate)
Polyester urethane from an ethylene/
propylene glycol/adipic acid polyester,
butane diol and methyl bis(4-phenyl isocyanate)
Poly(urethane-cocarbonates)
650-800
Ambient to 500
Ambient to 500
330
290
Refs.
Cyclic monomer, dimer and trimer, resorcinol
232
Cyclic dimer, 4,4/-Af-methyldiphenylmethane, hydroquinone, and higher

chain fragments (see Ref.)
232
Cyclic dimer and trimer, resorcinol, and various chain fragments (see
Ref.)
1,4-Butanediol, methylene bis-(4-phenyl isocyanate), tetrahydrofuran,
CO2, H2O, butadiene, HCN, CO
232
Methylene bis-(4-phenyl isocyanate), tetrahydrofuran, H2O, aniline,

formaldehyde, CO2
CO 2 , frajis-l,4-cyclohexane-dimethanol, 4-methylene-cyclohexanemethanol, xylylene diamine
Methane, CO 2 , ethylene ethane, H2O, propene, propane, ethanol,
isobutene, acrolein, propanal, 2-methyl-l-butene, 2-methylpropenal,
2-butanone, benzene, dihydropyran, 2,2,4-trimethyl-l,3-dioxalane
CO2, propene, some methane and propanal
Methane, ethane, ethene, propane, propene, ethanal, propanal,
diminishing quantities of CO2
Methane (max. rate of production at 6000C), ethane, ethene, propene,
ethanal, propanal
Methane, ethane, ethene, propene, ethanal, propanal
CO 2 tetrahydrofuran, dihydrofuran, aniline, /?-toluidine, TV-phenyl pyrrolidine, N-(p-io\y\) pyrrolidine, cyclobutylene phenylphosphonate, butane
diol, methylene bis-(4-phenyl isocyanate), 4,4/-methylene dianiline
Modified chain fragments, ethylene, propylene, CO2, ethylene oxide,
propylene oxide, acetaldehyde, tetrahydrofuran, water, cyclopentanone,
ethylene, glycol, propylene glycol, adipic anhydride (trace), aniline
(trace)
Cyclic monomer, bisphenol A and higher linear and cyclic
fragments of the chain (see Ref.)
228
229
230
234
256
256
256
256
235
236
237
Cyclic monomer, resorcinol, and various fragments of the chain

(see Ref.)
237
Ethene, propane, propene, isobutane, isobutene, ethylamine,

aziridine, 1-r-butyl-perhydro-l,4-diazine, N-t-b\xty\ ethylamine,
1 -?-butyl-4-isopropenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-diazine,
1,4-di-(/-butyl)-perhydro-1,4-diazine, oligomers
276
Butadiene, tetrahydrofuran, dihydrofuran, H2O, cyclic ester of

phenylphosphonic acid and 1,4-butanediol, phenylphosphonic acid,
butane diol
Butadiene, tetrahydrofuran, dihydrofuran, H2O, cyclic ester of
phenylphosphonic acid and butanediol, phenylphosphonic acid,
butane diol, CO2, aniline
233
Cyclic trimer, tetramer, pentamer, hexamer, and higher oligomers,

l,l,l-trifluoro-2-chloroethane (due to residual chlorine in the polymer)
Cyclic tetramer, trimer and higher oligomers, chlorobenzene (due to
residual chlorine in the polymer), phenol, triphenylphosphate
238
3.9. OTHER NITROGEN CONTAINING POLYMERS

Poly(-butyl aziridine)
Ambient to 500
3.10. PHOSPHOROUS CONTAINING POLYMERS

Poly(oxytetramethylene oxyphenyl
phosphono)
Ambient to 550
Poly(oxytetramethylene oxyphenylAmbient to 500

phosphono) capped with phenylisocyanate)
Poly(bis(trifluoroethoxy)phosphazene)
150-400
Poly(diphenoxyphosphazene)
100-400
233
239
TABLE 3. cont'd
Polymer
Poly(diphenoxy-phosphazene)
(residual chlorine content: <0.05%)
(residual chlorine content: 2.4%)
(residual chlorine content: 9.9%)

Ambient to 480
Ambient to 480
Ambient to 480
Refs.
Traces of phenol, phenoxy cyclic trimer and monochlorophenoxy

316
cyclic trimer
Phenoxy cyclic trimer and tetramer, monochloropentaphenoxy cyclic
316
trimer, monochloroheptaphenoxy cyclic tetramer, dichlorohexaphenoxy
cyclic tetramers
Phenoxy cyclic trimer and tetramer, monochloropentaphenoxy cyclic
316
trimer, monochloroheptaphenoxy cyclic tetramer, dichlorohexaphenoxy
cyclic tetramers, dichlorotetraphenoxy cyclic trimers,
trichloropentaphenoxy cyclic tetramers, HCl
TABLE 4. MAIN-CHAIN HETEROCYCLIC POLYMERS

Polymer
Phenol-formaldehyde resin
PoIy(I-methylene-2-imidazolidinone)
(Poly(ethyleneurea formaldehyde))

250-400
240
Ambient to 600
Poly(7V-phenylmaleimide)
100-400
Poly(5,5/-bibenzimidazole-2,2/-diyl1,4-phenylene)
400-700
570, 700, 1000
Poly(5,5/-bibenzimidazole-2,2/-diyl1,3-phenylene)
599-667
PoIy(1,3,5,7-tetraoxo-2,3,6,7-tetra700
hydro-(lH,5H)-2,6-benzo[l,2-c: 4,5-c']dipyrroldiyl-1,4-phenylene-carbonyl1,4-phenylene) (Poly(pyromellitimide))
Poly(l,3,5,7-tetraoxo-2,3,6,7-tetra700
hydro-(lH,5H)-2,6-benzo[l,2-c:4,5-c']dipyrroldiyl-1,4-phenylene-methylene1,4-phenylene) (Poly(pyromellitimide))
PoIy(1,3,5,7-tetraoxo-2,3,6,7-tetra700
hydro-( 1 H,5H)-2,6-benzo[ 1,2-c: 4,5-c']dipyrroldiyl-1,4-phenylene-oxy1,4-phenylene) (Poly(pyromellitimide))
Poly(l,5-diimino-3,7-dioxo450-500
2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-(lH,5H)-2,6-benzo
[1,2-c: 4,5-c'] dipyrroldiyl- 1,3-phenylene)
PoIy(1,5-diimino-3,7-dioxo450-500
2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-(lH,5H)-2,6-benzo
[1,2-c: 4,5-c']dipyrroldiyl-l,4-phenyleneoxy1,4-phenylene)
Refs.
Volatiles comprise xylene (76%), traces of phenol, cresol, benzene

53
Formaldehyde (trace)
253
Low boiling fraction consists of NH 3 , CO 2 , HCN, CH 4 , CO (trace);
253
IR data also suggests presence of isocyanate, ketamine and carbodiimide
or cyanogen compounds; high boiling fraction (77% of total volatiles)
consists of chain fragments up to pentamer, including Af-methylethylene
urea, corresponding unsaturated compounds and higher homologues;
similarly, AUV'-dimethylethylene urea and homologues
Aniline, P h - N = C H - C H 2 - C H 3 , Af-phenylsuccinimide,
301
N-phenylmaleimide (trace), P h - N = C H - C H = CH-CO-NH-Ph
Phenol, terephthalodinitrile, benzonitrile, 4,4/-diaminodiphenyl, H 2 , CO,
56
NH 3 , HCN, traces of aniline, carbonaceous residue
H 2 (700 and 1000C), NH 3 (570 and 700), N 2 O, HCN, cyanogen (570
217
only), CH 4 , C 2 H 6 , ethylene, acetylene (700 and 1000), acetonitrile
(700 and 1000), propene (570 and 700), benzene, toluene, benzonitrile
(700 only), ethylbenzene, methylbenzonitrile (700 only)
Gaseous products; H 2 , NH 3 , HCN, and CH 4 ; products involatile at
218
ambient temperature after approx. 50% weight loss; benzimidazole
(29.8%), benzoxazole (4.9%), 2-methylbenzimidazole (7.3%),
2-phenyl-benzimidazole (24.3%), 2-(3-methylphenyl)benzimidazole
(5.3%), 5-(3-aminophenyl)benzimidazole (9.6%),
2-(3-cyanophenyl)benzimidazole (7.8%), 5,5'-bibenzimidazole (4.4%),
2-phenyl-5-(3-aminophenyl)-benzimidazole (4.4%),
2-phenyl-5,5/-bibenzimidazole (1.9%), 2-phenyl-5-(benzoxazolo)benzimidazole (0.3%)
H 2 , CO, CH 4 , CO 2 , H 2 O, benzene, benzonitrile, chain fragments, 60%
61
residue
H 2 , CO, CH 4 , CO 2 , H 2 O, benzene, toluene, benzonitrile, chain
fragments, 60% residue
61
H 2 , CO, CH 4 , CO 2 , H 2 O, benzene, benzonitrile, phenol, chain

fragments, 60% residue
61
CO, CO 2 , HCN, NH 3 , H 2 and traces of CH 4 and C 6 H 6 ; NH 3 is the

main product at 4400C, CO increases at higher temperatures
219
CO, CO2 HCN, NH3, H2 and traces of CH4 and C6H6; NH3 is the
main product at 4400C, CO increases at higher temperatures
TABLE 4. cont'd
Polymer
Refs.
Poly(triazines)
Poly(perfluoropyridine)
415-505
C 2 F 4 , C 2 F 6 , and smaller amounts of C 3 H 6 and C 3 H 8 and

larger chain fragments
48
430-503
C 2 F 4 with traces of CF4, C 3 H 6 , and larger chain fragments
48
305-465
480-660
690-760
Only volatile product is benzonitrile

HCN and NH3
H 2 and carbonaceous residue
54
54
54
424-550
Perfluoroethane, perfluoromethane, perfluoroethylene,

220
perfluoropropane, perfluoropropylene, acetal fluoride, carbonyl fluoride
600
Volatiles comprise CO2, CO, SiF4 (all from silica vessel); carbonaceous
residue remains
300
CO 2 , CO, NO
52
Poly(parabanic acid)
221
Poly(bismaleimides)
Poly(3-(4-octylphenyl)2,2/-bithiophene)
Poly(3-octylthiophene)
Poly(3-octyl-2,2'-bithiophene)
Poly(3-(4-octylphenyl)thiophene)
350-500
Aliphatic: C 2 - C 6 fractions, maleimide (MI), succinimide (SI)

222
MI-CH 3 , SI-CH 3 , MI-C 2 H 5 , SI-C 2 H 5 , MI-C 3 H 7 , SI-C 3 H 7 ,
MI-C 4 H 9 , SI-C 4 H 9 , MI-C 5 Hn, SI-C 5 Hn, MI-(CH 2 ) 2 -MI,
SI-(CH 2 ) 2 -SI, MI-(CH 2 ) 6 -MI, MI-(CH 2 )S-MI, MI-(CH 2 )I 0 -MI,
MI-(CH 2 )I 2 -MI
350-500
Benzene, toluene, aniline, SI, methylaniline, phenylisocyanate,

tolylisocyanate, and various other products (see Ref.)
222
350-500
Aniline, phenol, SI, anisidine, phenylisocyanate, and various other

products (see Ref.)
222
H 2 S, COS, SO2, CH3SH, CS 2 , S 8 , C i - C 8 alkanes and alkenes,

benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene, styrene, octylbenzene, thiophene,
methylthiophene, bithiophene
C i - C 8 alkanes and alkenes, H 2 S, CS 2 , benzene, toluene
284
800
550-1400
550-1400
550-1400
284
284
284
Next Page
TABLE 5. CELLULOSE AND ITS DERIVATIVES

Polymer
Cellulose
250-397
Ambient to 500
- , a form
330-440
Cellulose (oxidized)
180-331
Cellulose triacetate
250-310
250-900
Ethyl cellulose
C.
230-320
306
Refs.
H 2 O with smaller amounts of CO2 and CO and a tar containing

17,18
principally levoglucosan
H 2 , CO, CO2, H2O, furan, furancarboxyaldehyde, methylfurans, acetone, 273
hydroxypropanone, butenal, butanone, butanedione, levoglucosan
Fixed gases (not identified), pentene, acetaldehyde, furan,
162
propionaldehyde, acetone, acrolein, 2-methylfuran, butyraldehyde,
methyl ethyl ketone, benzene, 2,5-dimethylfuran, methyl vinyl ketone,
2,3-butanedione, toluene, crotonaldehyde, H2O, cyclopentanone,
cyclooctatetraene, acetol, pyruvaldehyde, acetic acid, furfural,
formic acid, 5-methyl-2-furfural, furfuryl alcohol, butyrolactone,
2-hydroxy-3-methyl-3-cyclopenten-2-one, phenol, o-cresol, m-cresol,
p-cresol, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 3,4-dimethylphenol, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural
Mainly H 2 O and CO2, smaller amounts of CO, formaldehyde, methanol,
acetic acid, ethanol and acetaldehyde, and very little tar
Product fraction volatile at 25C contains acetic acid, CO2, CO, CH4,
18
H 2 , acetaldehyde and acetone; heavier fractions do not contain
levoglucosan acetate
Main products: acetic acid, water, CO, CH4, H 2 , CO 2 ; minor products:
223
ketene, acetaldehyde, acetone, acetylene, ethylene, ethane, propylene,
and C 4 , C 5 and C 6 hydrocarbons
Acetic acid, acetyl derivatives of D-glucose
224
H2O, CO, CO2, C 2 H 4 , C 2 H 6 , C2H5OH, CH3CHO, aliphatic
224
compounds, furan derivatives
REFERENCES
1. G. G. Cameron, D. R. Kane, Polymer, 9, 461 (1968).

2. S. Straus, S. L. Madorsky, J. Res. Natl. Bur. Std., 50, 165
(1953).
3. S. L. Madorsky, J. Polym. Sci., 11, 491 (1953).
4. J. R. Schaefgen, I. M. Sarasohn, J. Polym. Sci., 58, 1049
(1962).
5. C. S. Marvel, J. C. Cowan, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 61, 3156
(1939).
6. A. J. Canale, W. E. Goode, J. B. Kinsinger, J. R. Panchak,
R. L. Kelso, R. K. Graham, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 4, 231
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Previous Page
TABLE 5. CELLULOSE AND ITS DERIVATIVES

Polymer
Cellulose
250-397
Ambient to 500
- , a form
330-440
Cellulose (oxidized)
180-331
250-310
250-900
Ethyl cellulose
C.
230-320
306
Refs.
H 2 O with smaller amounts of CO2 and CO and a tar containing

17,18
principally levoglucosan
H 2 , CO, CO2, H2O, furan, furancarboxyaldehyde, methylfurans, acetone, 273
hydroxypropanone, butenal, butanone, butanedione, levoglucosan
Fixed gases (not identified), pentene, acetaldehyde, furan,
162
propionaldehyde, acetone, acrolein, 2-methylfuran, butyraldehyde,
methyl ethyl ketone, benzene, 2,5-dimethylfuran, methyl vinyl ketone,
2,3-butanedione, toluene, crotonaldehyde, H2O, cyclopentanone,
cyclooctatetraene, acetol, pyruvaldehyde, acetic acid, furfural,
formic acid, 5-methyl-2-furfural, furfuryl alcohol, butyrolactone,
2-hydroxy-3-methyl-3-cyclopenten-2-one, phenol, o-cresol, m-cresol,
p-cresol, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 3,4-dimethylphenol, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural
Mainly H 2 O and CO2, smaller amounts of CO, formaldehyde, methanol,
acetic acid, ethanol and acetaldehyde, and very little tar
Product fraction volatile at 25C contains acetic acid, CO2, CO, CH4,
18
H 2 , acetaldehyde and acetone; heavier fractions do not contain
levoglucosan acetate
Main products: acetic acid, water, CO, CH4, H 2 , CO 2 ; minor products:
223
ketene, acetaldehyde, acetone, acetylene, ethylene, ethane, propylene,
and C 4 , C 5 and C 6 hydrocarbons
Acetic acid, acetyl derivatives of D-glucose
224
H2O, CO, CO2, C 2 H 4 , C 2 H 6 , C2H5OH, CH3CHO, aliphatic
224
compounds, furan derivatives
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263. J. Song, W. Schnabel, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 43, 335 (1994).
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R a d i a t i o n
C h e m i c a l
Y i e l d s :
V a l u e s
M . C. Senake Perera
Magnetic Resonance Facility, School of Science, Griffith University, Nathan, QId 4111, Australia
D a v i d J. T. H i l l
Department of Chemistry, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QId 4072, Australia
A. Introduction
B. Tables of G values
Table 1. Homopolymers
1.1. Polydienes
1.2. Polyolefins
1.3. Polyacrylates
1.4. Poly(methacrylates)
1.5. Poly(styrenes)
1.6. Poly(vinyls)
1.6.1. Acrylamides and Nitriles
1.6.2. Vinyl Monomers
1.7. Miscellaneous Polymers
1.7.1. Cellulose and
Derivatives
1.7.2. Poly(siloxanes)
1.7.3. Poly(amino acids)
1.7.4. Polyesters
1.7.5. Polysulfones
1.7.6. Polyketones
1.7.7. Fluoropolymers
1.7.8. Others
Table 2. Copolymers
2.1. Copolymers with Ethylene
2.2. Copolymers with Methyl
Methacrylate
2.3. Copolymers with Styrene
2.4. Copolymers with Sulfur
Dioxide
2.5. Other copolymers
Table 3. Polymers Blends
Table 4. Composites
C. References
11-481
11-481
M-482
M-482
II-482
II-483
II-484
II-485
II-486
II-486
M-486
II-487
II-487
II-487
II-487
II-488
II-488
II-488
II-488
II-489
II-490
II-490
II-490
11-491
11-491
II-492
II-493
II-493
II-493
A.
INTRODUCTION
The G values quoted in the following tables are defined as

the radiation chemical yields of individual atomic or
molecular events for 100 eV of energy absorbed by the
system. G(R) represents the yield of free radicals, G(X) the
yield of crosslinks, G(S) the yield of main chain scission,
and G(products) the yield of product molecules per 10OeV
of absorbed radiation.
This table has been compiled from the polymer literature
that has been published since the third edition of the
"Polymer Handbook" (i.e. 1986-1997). In many cases,
the tabulated data are only representative of the total data
in the paper, and the original publication should be
consulted.
B. TABLES OF G VALUES
Notes to the Tables
General: Unless otherwise stated, the conditions applying
are y-rays, vacuum, room temperature (ambient).
Symbols/Abbreviations
+
vac
RT
e
cation radical
anion radical
vacuum
room temperature
electron beam
d.b.
t-v
Y
X
n
double bond
trans-vinylene
crosslinks
crosslinks
neutron
TABLE 1. HOMOPOLYMERS
Polymer
1.1.
G(R)
G(X)
G(S)
G(products)
Radiation
conditions
38.7 (d.b.)
e, 263 K
Refs.
POLYDIENES
Polybutadiene
610 (1,2)
0.0054
2.1
Various
Polyisoprene
0.009
0.5-0.8
Various
NR latex
Polychloroprene
77 K
9.3
105
3.36/9.4
5.3
112 (Vinyl)
Various
0.34/0.19
90
Various
Various
41
7.2
Poly(2-phenyl butadiene)
1.2.
Comments
3.0
1.6-2.1
Various
Various
3.9
e
77K/RT
Air, 295 K
Excitation
scavenger
1, 2-PBD
Radical pairs,
isotactic
Syndiotactic
cis 1,4
64
138
74
97
84
98
104
Effect of
pressure
Various
Review
186
G(Cy) > G(X)
261
G(X) depend
on MW
G (initiation),
262
G(X) increases
G(Cy), G(db)
decreases with
Crosslinker
Vac, 303 K
180
Vac/303 K, ethyl178
ene dichloride
77 K
Radical pairs
74
Var cis content
15
94-168
(d.b.), CH 4 , H 2
Various
Various
2.8 (-Cl)
Vac/77, 303 K
186
248
179
RT, vac
235
226
Review
+acrylate
POLYOLEFINS
Squalene
Poly(butene-l)
1.0
Poly(ethylene)
1.09-1.39
0.63
3.2
4
4.1
4
1.4
15-30
0.25
1.50-2.40
3.0 (H 2 )
13.9
(-isotactic
pentad)
7 (COOH)
9.1 (O 2 )
- 2 (MO
e, air
Vac/O2
300K
0.48
8-15
Carries
Air, 300/450K
Pressure effects
1.08-1.69
Various
303-373 K
He, 77K
O 2 , CCl 4
e pre-irradiated
2.8, 5.8 (C 2 D 4 )
2.4
Fibers,
89
101
107
172
116
169
30
63
52
147
151
G(S)ZG(X) = 1
1.1-2.8
0.05-2.7
Various gases
1.1
1.5
<0.05
0.48
2.6/0.56 (alkyl)
0.74 G (H)
0.27 G (Y)
1.0
Air
e, N 2
Various
compounds
e, N 2
Gamma/n
Gamma/alpha,
77 K
Vac, molten
state
0.2
3.9(H 2 )
3.5 (damage)
155
70
87
174
163
183
Crystalline
region units
228
270
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
-,LDPE
G(R)
G(X)
G(S)
G(products)
2.5(alkyl)
12.4-15.4 (O 2 )
4.45 (butanes)
Various
-1.9(MO
Radiation
conditions
77 K
O2
air
303 K
298-423 K
Comments
Refs.
G(S)/G(X) = 1.6
+I2
+CH 3 SH
antioxidants
Alkanes
77 K
129
164
Various
Air
231
105
184
0.16 (butanes)
Air
77 K
77 K
303 K
3.0 (total)
2.8 (alkyl)
Various G(M)
-,LLDPE
2.4
-, HDPE
0.4
1.3
2.9-3.6
2.3-4.5(alkyl)
0.3*
0.21
-,HDLPE
5.5
0.3,0.43
Alkanes
Y, C = C, (M)
3.7
0.76 (bulk)
- 9 . 6 (f-v)
88
92
177
10
28
32
125
45
Morphology
Monolayer
crystals
303 K
Air, 77K/RT
1.6*
0.76
Wanning,
morphology
*G(X/unsat.)
77 K
2.4 (trans)
0.7 (cis)
4-5 (gas)
4.0
2.5
3.8-11.1
Various
2.1
Poly(4-methylpentene-l)
polypropylene
Butene-1,
hexene-1
Allylic
- , Chlorosulfonated
polyisobutylene
Various
3.6
Various
Various
0.3,0.6*
4.8, 2.7(dPP)
3.1/0.64
9.4
e
77 K
Various
temperatures
Various
Vac/77, 303 K
N2/air
He, e, 77 K
Air/vac
O 2 + CCl 4
2.9 (H 2 )
2.19*
/-Polypropylene
177
96
117
10
27
71
+CCl 4
47
134
75
79
240
119
131
133
78,90,100
186
*G(S)/G(X)
Also 373-623 K
Also O 2
Decreases with
dose
*G(S)-G(X)
43
52
129
147
158
159
Various
Various
94 (-/-pentad)
Various (pentad
sequences)
220 (-/-pentad)
Air
Air
Gamma
118
40
244
245
Various gases
Vac/air
Various
293-308 K
Vac
77, 300K
Various
Gamma, aq.
H 2 , CO, CO 2 ,
CH 4 etc.
195-423
170
2
4
185
189
190
233
59
126
1.3. POLYACRYLATES
Poly(acrylic acid)
3.6
3.49
Poly(acrylic anhydride)
Poly(methyl acrylate)
0.0
0.44
0.47
0.62
1.1*
*G(S)- S(X)
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Poly (methyl bromoacrylate)
Poly(methyl a-chloroacrylate)
G(R)
G(X)
G(products)
6.98
5.1
Radiation
conditions
Comments
77 K
0.3-0.9
0.8
Poly(methyl a-cyanoacrylate)
Poly(methyl oc-fluoroacrylate)
G(S)
1.6
1.0
3.2-7.4
6.0
6.7*
Dose dependent
*G(S)-G(X)
77 K
77 K
0.05
Refs.
139
133
24
62
17
133
65
1.4. POLY (METHACRYLATES)

Poly(benzyl methacrylate)
0
Poly(f-butyl methacrylate)
Poly(cyclohexyl methacrylate)
Poly(glycidyl methacrylate)
Poly(hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate)
Poly(hexyl methacrylate)
Poly(isobutyl methacrylate)
0.29*
0
0.14
1.28*
0.44*
2.4*
e
300K
*G(S)-G(X)
Syndiotactic
e
e
*G(S)-G(X)
*G(S)-G(X)
* G(S)-G(X)
Various
9.2
0.1
0.5
Poly(2-methyl heptyl methacrylate)

2.6
0.38*
1.1*
0.8
0.3
3.4
Various
0.2
0.6/2.9
4.8
6.0
0.04
Poly(methacrylic anhydride)
1.1-1.5( + )
0.7-0.9(-)
7K
e
e
300K
300K
N2
Gamma/e
77/273 K
77 K
Various
77, 303 K
Various
Gamma/e
1.8-2.9
1.9 (DMF)
1.3 (THF)
1.5
SoIn.
77 K
0.5, 1.5( + )
77 K
2.8-4.1
303, 343 K
1.3
1.31
1.9
Aromatic
additives
Aromatic
additives
Absorbed on
zeolite
77 K
1.63, 1.09
1.4
1.5/0.33
1.2
Gamma/X
Various
0.71-1.63
1.9/4.1
1.04/1.11
1.9,4.4
1.5
Various
15.8 (units)
0.34 (H2)
18.6
0.22,0.46,1.08 Various
Si wafers
e/gamma,
303-383K
Gamma/n,
vac/air
77/273 K
Vac/air, 273 K
77 K
Bulk, alcohol
Air
*G(S)-G(X)
4- ethane diol
Isotactic
1.5*
Vac, 363 K
Deep UV, e,
X-ray
73
57
51
53
65
50
131
132
135
e
77 K
Gamma/n,
vac/air 206 K
0.58
1.42
*G(S)-G(X)
*G(S)-G(X)
Syndiotactic
Syndiotactic
Aq. solution
22
192
238
22
22
120
246
65
22
22
192
192
91
176
123
133
185
189
195
176
59
59
139
152
161
176
86
Various radicals
Isotactic
173
146
171
162
17
14
23
33
187
188
TABLE I.cont'd
Polymer
G(R)
G(X)
G(S)
G(products)
1.5
1.1
1.7
1.7
1.6
0.99, 0.4
0.77
5.1 (soln.)
0.89
(amorphous
solid)
0.48 (crystalline
solid)
1.21 (333K)
0.89 (303 K)
0.46(195K)
G(damage) = 8.8
1.0
300K
N 2 , RT
Vac
N2
Vac
0.14
Poly(2-naphthyl methacrylate)
Poly(2,2,2-trichloroethyl methacrylate)
0.14
0.19
3.7
1.5.
0
0.4
Refs.
Isotactic
Syndiotactic
190
192
222
223
224
225
238
249
Protons, gamma
e, gamma
C5 + , O5 + ions
i-PMMA
Morphology
effects,
racemization
Benzene
solution
1.7
1.3
300K
300K
77, 300K
1.2, 1.7
258
264
1
238
238
175
Gamma/e,
298-416K
3.7
Poly(ethyl methacrylate)
Poly(w-butyl methacrylate)
Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)
Poly(phenyl methacrylate)
Comments
Air, RT
PoIy(I-naphthyl methacrylate)
0.03
Radiation
conditions
Dioxane
solution
Syndiotactic
Syndiotactic
0.44
11
192
192
193
238
POLY(STYRENES)
Poly(oc-methyl styrene)
0.3
0.33
e
Gamma/e,
77-373K
273-319 K
0.78
0
0.29
0.48,0.89, 0.97,
1.13
303, 353, 373,

383, 393 K
0.105,0.05
Poly(/?-methyl styrene)
0.1
Poly(styrene)
0.45-7.9
77, 298 K
Gamma/e,
77-373K
303 K
0.022
0.17
0.022
1.09, 2.12
0.035-0.042
0.043
0.010-0.051
0.0009
0.043-0.027
0.048, 0.021
0.086-0.074
0.2*
0.27, 0.07
0.03/0.2
0.02/0.2
0.043
0.00086
3.9
0.05
0.02
0.1
Air
0.032 (H 2 )
303-373 K
303 K
303-423 K
77 K
Air
77 K
Gamma/n,
vac/air, 206 K
131
38
Benzene
solution
+ Depolymerization
194
197
38
Emulsion
polymerization
Sheet
absorbed on
silica gel
Includes lit.
review
* G(S)-G(X)
Various doses
Sheet
O 2 + CCl 4
373-623K
Air
25
48
56
58
60
61
67
73
130
132
135
136
147
157
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
G(R)
G(X)
0.077
G(S)
G(products)
Radiation
conditions
Comments
0.055
0.0009
0.094
Various
0.0027
Various
0.018,0.15
0.06,0.07
0.0174
0.0425
0.0012
0.014-0.05
0.105
77 K
313 K
Gamma/n,
vac/air
77 K
Gamma/n/alpha,
air
77 K
1.8
0.5
Radical pairs
0.05
Various
24.7-30.4
G(degradation)
0.01
0.03 (H 2 )
H 2 , CH 4 ,
C 2 H 2 , C3H4,
C6H6
Various
(-O 2 )
Various
Various
hydrogen
Warming
Gamma/e,
77-373 K
Abs of air
Various dose
rates
Various sources
+ Crosslinking
agents
Ion beam
Deuterium subs
Vac, various
temp.
Variable temp.
dose rate
Tacticity,
crystallinity
effect
Gamma, X-ray,
0.03-0.05
161
74
81
85
98
112
0.033 (H 2 )
0.03-0.05
6.7-15.2
Refs.
19
6
7
33
38
195
196
228
234
250
257
255
Ne, Ar
1.6.
POLY(VINYLS)
1.6.1. ACRYLAMIDES AND NITRILES

Poly(acrylamide)
2.5
0.04
0.88
5
1.33/0.62
0.45/0.52
1.2*
Poly(acrylonitrile)
3.7-4.1
0.15-3.0
2.8,4.2
2.2,2.8
303 K
0.59
0.0
0.4-3.3
3.3 gamma
3.6 X
0.5Ne
0.4 Ar
Poly(a-chloroacrylonitrile)
Various
AhYH2O
e, O 2
Aq. soln, 304 K
Vac/air,
77-393K
1.4
77, 300K
77, 300K
Absence of O 2
Aq. soln.
Hydrogel
149
103
108
167
* G(S)-GQQ
141
Absorbed on
zeolite
53
Various sources
77 K
2.7*
1.1-7.2
3.2
2.1-3.3*
3.1-3.3
3.3*
Vac/air
* G(S)-G(X)
Solution + bulk
*G(S)-G(X)
*G(S)- G(X)
5
198
200
195
255
133
59
99
145
59
62
17
1.6.2. VINYL MONOMERS

Poly(r-butyl crotonate)
Poly(f-butyl vinyl ether)
Poly(ethyl vinyl ether)
Poly(isobutyl vinyl ether)
Poly(isopropyl vinyl ether)
0.66
0.59
3.6,10.3
0.36,0.50
0.39,1.73
0.86,1.50
273,
273,
273,
273,
348 K
348 K
348 K
348 K
Liquid
54
122
122
122
122
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Poly(methyl vinyl ether)
Poly(vinyl acetate)
G(R)
G(X)
0.31,0.64
0.5
2.4-4.1
Poly(vinyl alcohol)
Poly(vinyl bromide)
Poly(vinyl butyral)
Poly (vinyl carbazole)
G(S)
1.08
1.02
0.71
0.35
0.6
0.7 (holes)
1.7
2.36
10-11
20-115
G(products)
Radiation
conditions
273, 348 K
O 2 + CCl4 K
243-273 K
0.9-2.4 gel dose Absence of O 2
O2
Air
N2
39-55(HBr)
e, N 2
e
77 K
Air
Various
Vac/O2
7.7 (HCl)
Vac/O2
(d.b.)
17(HCl)
e, N2/vac
0.24 (H2)
Vac/O2
8 (HCl)
2.8-3.5(Py + )
0-1.2 (Phenyl + )
3.0 (-Cl)
Poly(vinyl imidazole)
Poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)
10-54
0.41-0.75
Aq
3.3
77 K
0.01-1.32
Comments
Also 373-623 K
Solution
Underpressure
THFsoln.
+ additives
Refs.
122
147
21
195
236
9
241
168
165
113
115
119
8,44
154
160
G(cation)
247
273 K
G(X) Increases
263
with crosslinker
269
+Crosslinker
256
Aq. soln.
12
+Warming
13
Various
205
solutions
1.7. MISCELLANEOUS POLYMERS

1.7.1. CELLULOSE AND DERIVATIVES
Cellulose
13-186
7.1
Cellulose acetate
CO, CHO, COOH Vac/air

Vac/air
Air
Post irrad.
H2O incr. G(S)
111
26
156
1.7.2. POLY(SILOXANES)
Poly(oxydimethyl diphenylsilylene)
Poly(oxydimethyl silylene)
Various
Poly(methyl phenyl silane)
Poly(cyclohexyl methyl silane)
Various
2.48
N 2 , 303 K
18.5/120
Air
2.7
3.0
2.8
Various
Various
Various
0.01-0.21
1
Poly(dimethyl siloxane)
Silicon containing poly(acetylene)
1.8-17.4
1.7
0.3-2.3
Liq.
94
Also blends with 143
PS
Effect of
104
pressure
76
80
Liquid
82
186
G(X) increases
265
with crosslinker
LET
230
dependence
Dose
232
dependence
243
Effect of various 252
pendent groups
1.7.3. POLY (AMINO ACIDS)

Poly(alanine)
Poly(glycine)
Poly(tyrosine)
Poly(valine)
2.9
3.6
2.2
< 0.4
3.8-7.0
3.0-3.3
0.12
Various
Various
Various
Various
0.04-0.12 (NH3) Air/N2/N2O
Various
Aq. soln.
95
128
95
95
102
95
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
G(R)
G(X)
G(S)
G(products)
Radiation
conditions
Comments
Refs.
1.7.4. POLYESTERS
Poly(hydroxybutyrate)
Poly(L-lactic acid)
PoIy(D, L lactic acid)
1.65
Air
77, 300K
77, 300K
77, 300K
2.0,1.5
2.37-1.23
2.4, 1.2
Pressure and
temp, effect
on G(S) and
G(X)
Poly(glycolic acid)
1.72,1.47
77, 300K
Pressure and
temp, effects
on G(S) and
G(X)
191
201
203
201
274
203
274
1.7.5. POLYSULFONES
Bis-A-PSF
Hydroquinone PSF
Biphenol PSF
Bis-S-PSF
PES (Polyethersulfone)
0.13
0.13
0.57
0.19
0.14
0.56
0.084
0.084
0.51
0.128
0.24
0.13-1.34
0.11-0.67
Various gases
0.14 (SO2)
0.145 (SO2)
0.136 (SO2)
0.14 (SO2)
0.14(SO2)
0.063 (SO2)
0.06 (SO2)
0.6(SO 2 )
0.198 (SO2)
0.243 (SO2)
Various temp
207
208
211
207
208
211
207
208
211
207
207
1.7.6. POLYKETONES
PEEK
PEEKK
PEEK-Me
PEEKK-Me
PEK-Ar
0.11
0.004
0.001
1.0e20 spin/kG
0.11
0.12
0.004
0.001
Lle20spin/kG
0.28
0.009
0.001
0.37
0.012
0.001
0.42
0.039
0.005
Vac, 77 K
Vac, 300K
Air, 300K
77 K
209
211
0.00054 gases
212
209
Vac, 77 K
Vac, 300K
Air, 300K
77 K
Vac, 77 K
Vac, 300K
Air, 300K
Vac, 77 K
Vac, 300K
Air, 300K
Vac, 77 K
Vac, 300K
Air, 300K
211
209
209
209
1.7.7. FLUOROPOLYMERS
Fluoro elastomers
Poly(perfluoroethers)
Various
Various
Various
G(S)
2.15
6.0
Various
Various
Various gases
e, argon 9 K
G(decomposition) e
= 0.2-1.2
G(wt. loss),
G(gas)
Review
Structure, temp.
effects
186
202
259
260
As polymerized 237
sintered, low
crystalline
Dose rate
267
effects on G(S)
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
G(R)
G(X)
G(S)
G(products)
Radiation
conditions
0.3 at 373
0.57 at 473
0.89 at 573
1.33 at 673
2.07 at 773
Poly(vinyl
Poly(vinylidene
fluoride)
fluoride)
0.22
0.37
0.46-0.78
0.6-0.78
0.38-0.86
0.29
Various
Various
Comments
Refs.
+Dose effects 271
0.07 (Polyvinyl)
0.11 (Polyvinyl)
1-4 (HF)
46
46
49
254
293 K
+Crosslinker
1.7.8. OTHERS
Aromatic polymers
Alkyl aromatic poly amides
Various
Aryloxyphosphazenes
-[(R-Ph-O)2-PN]n-biphenol
0.6,0.19
-bis phenol
0.6,0.22
-hydroquinone
0.6,0.35
Poly(bis(phenoxy)phosphazene)
Poly(bis(4-methyl-phenoxy)phosphazene)
Poly(bis(4-r-butyl-phenoxy)phosphazene)
Poly(bis(4-cumyl-phenoxy)phosphazene)
PoIy(I-(f-butoxycarbonylthio)ethylene) 3.39
Poly(f-butyl isopropenyl ketone)
Poly(butylene), l,4-disubstituted(urethane side
chain)
Poly(epoxide)(Araldite)
0.59
Poly(ether imide) (Ultem)
0.01
Hyaluronic acid
PoIy(I-mercapto ethylene)
2.65
Poly(oxadiazole-2,5-diyl-l,4-phenylenephthalidylidene-1,4-phenylene)
Poly (oxycarbonyl-1,1 -dimethy 1-2isopropylidene-ethylene)
Poly(oxycarboxyethylene)
Poly(oxyethylene)
Various gases
0.22(R = Me)
2.12(R = Et)
G(S)ZG(X)
Reduces with
increase in
methylene
0.26
0.26
77, 300K
77, 300K
77, 300K
0.9
3.5
0.1
0.2
0.7
2.0
0.1
0.2
77 K
0.33
0.139
77 K
77 K
0.00528
5.0-6.7 (O2)
2.0 (H 2 O 2 )
0-0.1
(peroxide)
Vac/air
0.0014
Warming
39
1.9
0.4-11
0.023
Poly(oxymethylene)
Poly (oxy-l,4-phenylenesulfonyl-l,4-phenelene
0.05
oxy-1,4-phenylene-isopropylidene-1,4phenylene)
Poly(oxy-1,4-phenylenesulfony-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(oxysebacoyloxy-1,4-phenylene)
isopropylidene-1,4-phenylene)
5.7e20 spin/kG
0.6,0.33
Poly(thiopropylene)
pH dependence
77 K
Various
0.015/0.067
110
110
210
210
210
273
273
273
273
13
142
93
36
114
253
19
50
14.5,40.5
2.6
N 2 air
e, O 2 air
200K
36
0.16,0.04
Warming
1.5
Poly(phenylene sulfide)
Poly(thiophenylene)
204,211
251
Aq. soln.
57-144
Various
8
0.012
320 (HCHO)
0.04 gas
423 K
300-423 K
29
37
153
0.04 gas
300-423 K
Air
153
68
77 K
77, 300K
211
206
77, 300K
Gamma/e,
vac/air
77 K
206
109
9
0.08H 2
0.015 CH4
0.03H2
0.030/0.15
Dose rate
dependence
Also e
35
103
83
55
Radical pairs
74
TABLE 2. COPOLYMERS
Copolymers
2.1.
G(R)
G(X)
G(S)
Radiation
conditions
Comments
Refs.
303-423 K
+Additives
10
125
89
125
10
127
COPOLYMERS WITH ETHYLENE
Poly(ethylene-co-l-butene)
Various
Various
Poly(ethylene-c0-ethyl acrylate)
Poly(ethylene-co-hexene)
2.53-3.2
Poly(ethylene-co-propylene)
0.43,0.83
Butyl rubber
Halogenated butyl rubber
e, air
Various
Various
2.92
2.2.
G(products)
0.11,0.35
0.69
1.1
0.9/3.2
1.2
0.33
3.2
0.26
0.16
Various
Various
Various
2.3 (total)
0.19 (allyl)
3.7-4.0
0-0.6
3.9-6.09
Dose
dependent
Dose
dependent
Various
Various
Various
8.6-11.0(O 2 )
5(COOH)
Various gases,
O2
Various
0.07-0.62 gel
dose
Various chain
ends
Various gases
303-423 K
303 K
Air
+Additives
23%, 36%
Propylene
+Additives
303-423 K
Air
Air
+Additives
Air
2.0 GPa
+ variation
In terpolymer
293-298
Various
16
182
Review
186
various sources 195
77-398 K
77 K
70
125
10
96
101
116
104
219
Chloro and
bromo
220
COPOLYMER WITH METHYL METHACRYLATE
Poly(methyl methacrylate-cobromomethyl methacrylate)

Poly(methyl methacrylate-cochlorotrifluoroethylene)
0.2-1.4
0.06-0.1
0.7-1
2.1
139
77 K
65
2.1
Poly(methyl methacrylate-codichlorostyrene)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-codimethyl
itaconate)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-cohexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-cohexyl methacrylate)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-comethacrylic acid)
50
3.2-3.5*
1.0*
2.0-3.1
0.4
0.53-0.87
77 K
17
59
65
137
22
1.8,2.06
2.0
*G(S)-G(X)
* G(S)-G(X)
3.6
273 K
2.9
Poly(methyl methacrylate-comethacrylic acid-styrene)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-comethacrylic acid-co-cumyl phenyl
methacrylate)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-comethacrylic acid-co-2-naphthyl
methacrylate)
Poly (methyl methacrylate-comethacrylic acid)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-co-2
naphthyl methacrylate)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-comethacrylonitrile, vinylidene
chloride, methyl-a-chloroacrylate,
a-chloronitrile ter polymers)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-co-methyl
bromoacrylate)
137
1.3
77 K
146
1.2
20% MAA
238
1.6
238
133
1.09
238
2.0
238
1.06
238
0.06
1.9-3.1
145
0.41
4.16
139
TABLE 2. cont'd
Copolymer
G(R)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-ctf-methyl3.1
oc-chloroacrylate)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-co-methyloc-chloroacrylate)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-comethyl2-chloroacrylate)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-co-methyla-chloroacrylonitrile)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-ctf-methyl5.9
a-cyanoacrylate)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-co-methyloc-fluoroacrylate)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-comethyl
fluoroacrylate)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-co3-oximino-2-butanone methacrylate)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-cotribromophenyl methacrylate)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-cotrichloroethyl-alpha-chloroacrylate)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-cotrichlorophenyl methacrylate)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-cotrifluoroethylene methacrylate)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-covinylidene chloride)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-covinylidene fluoride)
Poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethyl
methacrylate)
Poly(glycidyl methacrylate-coethyl
acrylate)
2.3.
G(X)
0.06
G(S)
G(products)
Comments
Refs.
77 K
14% MCA
133
3.1
24
2.8*
*G(S)-G(X)
6.6
0-0.44
1.0-2.2
14% CAN
133
77 K
20% MCA
133
77 K
65
2.4
> 0.55
0.07-0.19
137
1.4-2.4
0.38-2.2
Various
69
Air
72
3.8
0.05-0.7
17
77 K
Also TFEM
140
0.4-4.4
72
1.9
77 K
2.8-3.4*
65
*G(S)-G(X)
17
1.6
137
1.35-8.5
1.6
1.51-5.5
77 K
0.077
0.04-0.59
Various
0.055
0.0-0.09
Vac
4.3/33
2.8/17
Air
0.3-3.0
Various
Various
313 K
77 K
0.04-0.38
2.18-2.47
Various
compositions
246
6.5
65
246
COPOLYMERS WITH STYRENE
Poly(styrene-coacrylates)
Poly(styrene-c<9-acrylonitrile)
0.4-2.8 77 K
0.14-4.2 300 K
Poly(styrene-co-butadiene)
Poly(styrene-co-cyanoacrylates)
Poly(styrene-co-l-mercaptoethylene)
Poly(styrene-co-methyl acrylate)
Various
CO, CH 4 ,
CO 2 etc.
Poly(styrene-co-methyl methacrylate)
0.40-2.76 77 K
0.14-1.39 300K
0.18
Poly(styrene-co-methacrylonitrile)
0.31-2.16
0.83 (gases)
Poly(styrene-co-butyl vinyl ketone)

Poly(styrene-co-methyl isopropyl ketone)
2.4.
Radiation
conditions
77 K
Various
temperatures
Vac
77K/(R),
300 K/(gas)
e
e
73
34
Various
215,221
compositions
Effect of
104
pressure
3
Block
98
copolymers
73
19
12-80% sty
126
Various
compositions
51% sty
216
Various
compositions
199
132
239
239
COPOYMERS WITH SULFUR DIOXIDE
Poly(1 -butene-co-sulfur dioxide)
Various gases
12
Poly(2-butene-co-sulfur dioxide)
Poly(cyclohexene-co-sulfur dioxide)
Poly(4,4-dimethylpentene-co-sulfur dioxide)
Various gases
Various gases
Various gases
273 -423 K
e
273-423 K
273-423 K
273-423 K
31,124,150
131
31,124
31,124
31,124
TABLE 2. cont'd
Copolymer
Poly(ethylene-co-sulfur dioxide)
Poly(hexene-l-co-sulfur dioxide)
Poly(isobutene-co-sulfur dioxide)
Poly(3-methyl-l-butene-co-sulfur
dioxide)
Poly(propylene-co-sulfur dioxide)
G(products)
Radiation
conditions
1.8
Various gases
Various gases
Various gases
Various gases
273-423 K
273-423 K
273-423 K
273-423 K
124
31,124
31,124
Poly(31,124, 150
2.2
Various gases
273-423 K
31,124,150
G(R)
G(X)
G(S)
Comments
Refs.
2.5. OTHER COPOLYMERS

Poly (butyl methacrylate-col-naphthyl
methacrylate)
Poly(glutamic acid-co-tyrosine)
Poly(glycolic acid-co-1 -lactic acid)
Poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co3-chlorostyrene)
Poly(hydroxy butyrate-co-valerate)
0.14
0.03-0.5
2.23-2.36
1.49-1.53
1.0
0-0.5
300K
77 K
300K
Various
2.7-3.4
Various gases
1,4-ester
77, 263, 273,

303 K
e, gamma
3.2-43.*
Different
compositions
77 K
20/150
+ Warming
Air
3.3
0.42
0.6-5.2(HF)
N2
240C
30 (d.b.)
2.3-2.7
1.2
0.9
Various
203
Vac/air/H2O
217
17
13
104
119
106
3.5 (Gas)
Poly(vinyl chloride-coethylglycodimethacrylate)
Poly(vinylidene chloride-co-dimethyl
itaconate)
Poly(vinylidene chloride-co-hexafluoropropylene)
Tetrafluoroethylene, perfluoro methyl
vinyl ether copolymer 2:1
214
218
*G(S)- G(X)
3.01
1.3
144
1.16
Polysulphone-polydimethyl siloxane
block copolymer
Various
compositions
Various
compositions
0.42
3.0-0.5
Poly(methacrylonitrile-c0-methyl2-chloroacrylate)
Poly (N- vinylpyrrolidone-c0-/-buty I5-vinyl thiocarbonate)
Poly(acrylonitrile-co-butadiene)
Poly(acrylonitrile-co-chloroprene)
Poly(tetrafluoroetnylene-c0hexafluoropropylene)
Poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-propylene)
Benzene soln.
Emulsion
121
polymer + H 2O
116
266
8
*G(S)-G(X)
17
+Additives
166
0.93 (CF4)
e
0.31 (COF2)
0.055 (CO2)
0.14 (CF3 OCF3)
1.43 (total gas)
0.34 (acid
fluoride)
New chain ends
1 (_CF 2 -CF 3 )
0.09 (-CF 2 -O-CF 3 )
0.5 (CF2-COOH)
0.2(-CF = CF2)
229
268
Dose and
molecular
weight effects
272
TABLE 3. POLYMERS BLENDS

Polymer Blends
G(X)
Poly (methyl methacrylate)/

Poly (1 -naphthyl(methacrylate)
Poly(methyl methacrylate)/
Poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile)
Poly (methyl methacrylate)/styreneacrylonitrile
Poly(methyl methacrylate)/Acrylonitrile
G(S)
Comments
Refs.
0.14
Benzene
0.025
0.051
50% PMMA
161
0.041
0.034
0.02
0.008
0.042
0.036
0.009
0.01
0.027
0.15
0.21
0.23
0.14
0.25
0.34
0.88
SAN 100
85
50
15
ACNlOO
85
50
15
242
242
TABLE 4. COMPOSITES
Polymer Composites
G(products)
Radiation
conditions
Refs.
Glass-DGEBA-DDM
Color-DGEBA-DDM
H 2 , CO, CO2
H 2 , CO, CO2
77 K, RT
77 K, RT
227
227
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S E C T I O N
P H Y S I C A L
M
III
P R O P E R T I E S
S
O
V
F
T
P h y s i c a l
P r o p e r t i e s
o f
M o n o m e r s
D a n i e l R. B l o c h
Lakeshore Research, 5536 W. Branch Trail, Racine, Wl 53402, USA
A. Introduction
B. Tables of Physical Properties
Table 1. Acetylenes
Table 2. Acid Dichlorides
Table 3. Acroleins
Table 4. Acrylamides/Methacrylamides
4.1. Acrylamides
4.2. Methacrylamide
Table 5. Acrylates/Methacrylates
5.1. Acrylate, Acids/Esters
5.2. Methacrylate, Acids/Esters
Table 6. Alcohols
6.1. Alkanediols
6.2. Ether Diols
Table 7. AIIyI Functional
Table 8. Amines, Difunctional
Table 9. Anhydrides
9.1. Monoanhydrides
9.2. Dianhydrides
Table 10. Butadienes
10.1. 1,2-Butadienes
10.2. 1,3-Butadienes
Table 11. Butenes
11.1. 1-Butenes
11.2. 2-Butenes
Table 12. Epoxides
12.1. Monoepoxides
12.2. Diepoxides
Table 13. Ethylene Halides
Table 14. Fumaric, Acids/Esters
Table 15. lsocyanates
Table 16. Lactams
Table 17. Lactones
Table 18. Maleic, Acids/Esters
Table 19. Propenes
Table 20. Styrenes
Table 21. Vinyl Functional
21.1. Aryl
21.2. Esters
21.3. Ethers
111-1
ill-4
III-4
III-4
III-4
III-4
III-4
III-6
III-8
III-8
111-12
111-16
111-16
111-18
111-18
III-20
III-20
III-20
III-24
III-24
III-24
III-24
III-26
III-26
III-26
III-26
III-26
III-28
III-28
III-30
III-30
III-32
IM-32
III-32
III-32
III-34
III-36
III-36
III-36
III-38
21.4. /V-substituted
21.5. Sulfonates
A.
III-38
III-40
INTRODUCTION
This chapter contains some of the principal properties of the

more common monomers. The monomers are arranged
alphabetically, in groups, with derivatives listed alphabetically within the groups. Compounds are listed under their
most commonly used names in polymer chemistry. Therefore, some names are not in agreement with the nomenclature rules of the International Union of Pure and Applied
Chemistry.
Data are taken from a variety of published literature,
including the 3rd edition of the "Polymer Handbook",
"The Brandon Worldwide Monomer Reference Guide and
Sourcebook", the "Aldrich Catalog Handbook of Fine
Chemicals", and "Polysciences Monomers/Polymers,
Scientific Polymer Products", "TCI America", "Lancaster
and Janssen Chemica" catalogs. Where a range is reported
in the literature, the average value is used here for melting
points and boiling points. No attempt was made to verify
the reported values experimentally.
Linear structures are given for most monomers. Molecular formulas are provided when linear structures cannot
be unambiguously drawn.
Molecular weight is calculated based on the International
Atomic Weight values.
Boiling point is given in degrees Celsius (0C), at
760mmHg, unless indicated otherwise by the value in
mmHg following a slash (/).
Melting point is given in degrees Celsius (0C), at
760 mmHg, unless indicated otherwise by the value in
mmHg following a slash (/).
Refractive index is given at 200C, unless indicated
otherwise by the temperature in Celsius following a slash
(/).
Density is relative to water at 4C and measured at 200C,
unless otherwise indicated by the value following a slash
(/).
Flash point was determined by the closed-cup method,
using a Setaflash apparatus.
RTECS# is the reference to the Registry of Toxic Effects

of Chemical Substances.
R&S is the reference found in the "Sigma-Aldrich
Library of Regulatory & Safety Data", available from
Aldrich Chemical Company.
FT-NMR is the reference to spectra in the "Aldrich
Library of 13C and 1H FT-NMR Spectra", available from
the Aldrich Chemical Company.
FT-IR is the reference to spectra in the "Aldrich Library
of FT-IR Spectra", available from the Aldrich Chemical
Company.
Merck Index is the reference to "The Merck Index",

Merck & Co., Inc., Whitehouse Station, NJ.
Beilstein is the reference to "Beilsteins Handbuch
der Organischen Chemie", Springer-Verlag, New York,
NY.
Fieser is the reference to L. F. Fieser and M. Fieser,
"Reagents for Organic Synthesis", John Wiley, New York,
NY.
Abbreviations: (d) decomposes; (s) sublimes; (aq)
aqueous.
B. TABLES OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

TABLE 1. ACETYLENES
Formula RC = CR'
Name
Acetylene
- , Chloro
- , Dichloro- , Diphenyl- , Phenyl-
CAS
Registry
Number
R'
-H
-Cl
-Cl
-C 6 H 5
-C 6 H 5
-H
-H
-Cl
-C 6 H 5
-H
74-86-2
501-65-5
MoL wt.
26.04
60.48
94.93
178.23
102.14
Boiling
point (0C)
-82
-32
60
143
Melting
point (0C)
- 84(s)
-126
-66
170/19
TABLE 2. ACID DICHLORIDES

Formula ClC(O)RC(O)Cl
Name
Adipoyl
Azelaoyl
Diethylmanoyl
Dodecanedioyl
Glutaryl
Isophthaloyl
Malonyl
Methylpimeloyl
Oxalyl
Phthaloyl
Pimeloyl
Sebacoyl
Suberoyl
Succinyl
Terephthaloyl
Thionyl
CAS
Registry
Number
R
-(CH 2 ) 4 -(CH 2 ) 7 -C(CH 2 CH 3 ) 2 -(CH 2 ) 1 0 -(CH 2 ) 3 -C6H4-CH2-(CH 2 ) 2 CH(CH 3 )(CH 2 ) 2 -CO-CO-C6H4-(CH 2 ) 5 -(CH 2 ) 8 -(CH 2 ) 6 -(CH 2 ) 2 -C6H4ClC(S)Cl
111-50-2
123-98-8
54505-72-5
4834-98-4
2873-74-7
99-63-8
1663-67-8
44987-62-4
79-37-8
88-95-9
142-79-0
111-19-3
10027-07-3
543-20-4
100-20-9
7719-09-7
MoI. wt.
Boiling
point (0C)
183.03
255.12
197.06
267.20
169.01
203.02
140.95
197.06
126.93
203.02
197.06
239.14
211.09
154.98
203.02
118.97
106/2
166/18
198
140/0.5
217
276
54/19
118/10
61
270
113/5
168/12
162/15
190
266
79
MoI. wt.
Boiling
point (0C)
Melting
point (0C)
43
-8
12
-2.5
16
80
-105
TABLE 3. ACROLEINS
Formula HC(O)CR = CHR'
Name
Acrolein
-, 2-Chloro- , 2-Methyl- , 3-Methyl-,
fra/w-(Crotonaldehyde)
- , 2-Chloro-3-methyl-
CAS
Registry
Number
R'
-H
-Cl
-CH 3
-H
-H
-H
107-02-8
-H
-Cl
-CH 3
-CH 3
123-73-9
78-85-3
56.06
90.51
70.09
53
40/30
68
70.09
104.54
148
Melting
point (0C)
-87
-81
104
TABLE 4. ACRYLAMIDES/METHACRYLAMIDES
Name
4.1. ACRYLAMIDES H2C=CHC(O)NRR'

Acrylamide
-H
-, Acetyl-, N-C(O)CH3
- , Adamantyl-, N-Ci 0 H 5
-,AlIyI-, N-CH2CH=CH2
- , Benzyl-, N-CH 2 C 6 H 5
- , Butoxymethyl-, N-CH2O(CH2)3CH3
- , terf-Butyl-, N-C(CH 3 ) 3
- , Cyclohexyl-, N-C 6 Hn
- , Cystamine-bis-, NJf'-CH 2 CH 2 SSCH 2 CH 2 - , Diacetone-, N-C(CH3)2CH2C(O)CH3
- , Diallyl-, N,N-CH2CH=CH2
- , Di-n-butyl-, N9N-(CH 2 ) 3 CH 3
R'
-H
-H
-H
-H
-H
-H
-H
-H
-H
-H
-CH2CH=CH2
-(CH 2 ) 3 CH 3
CAS Registry
Number
MoI. wt.
79-06-1
1432-45-7
19026-83-6
2555-13-7
13304-62-6
1852-16-0
107-58-4
3066-72-6
60984-57-8
2873-97-4
3085-68-5
2274-13-7
71.08
113.12
205.30
111.14
161.20
157.21
127.19
153.23
260.38
169.23
151.21
183.29
Boiling
point (C)
Melting
point (0C)
125/25
129
155
120/19
125/0.3
93/0.1
108/3
97/1
70
-9
128
113
123
55
Density
(at 200C)
Refractive
index (at 200C)
Flash
point (C)
1.000
0.990
0.929
Density
(at 200C)
1.259
1.143
1.145
1.069
1.324
R and S
FT-NMR
FT-IR
Fieser
1,11
1(2),2711I
Refractive
index (at 200C)
1.4700
1.4680
1.4590
1.4680
1.4720
1.631
1.5190
1(3), 533A
1(2),946B
Refractive
index (at 200C)
Flash
point (0C)
>110
>110
74
>110
107
180
47
>110
None
>110
>110
>110
>110
77
180
None
RTECS
Number
R and S
WN4900000
WZ1797000
XM515OOOO
1(1), 867J
1(1),869C
1(1),867G
1(1),869E
1(1),867I
1(2),1981H
1(1),867F
1(1),867K
1(1),867D
1(2),1981G
1(1),869A
1(1),869D
1(1),869B
1(1),867H
1(2),1981I
1(2),3197F
Flash
point (C)
RTECS
Number
R and S
NT2625000
KI2950000
FT-NMR
FT-IR
11,9428
1(1),1211B
1(1)1212C
1(1),1212A
5,656
1,335
Beilstein
Fieser
1(1),1211A
1(1),1212B
1(1),1211C
FT-NMR
l(l),740D
1(2),352A
l(l),740A
1(1),741B
1(1),739C
1(2),351D
1(1),741C
1(1),742B
1(1),741D
l(l),740C
1(2),352B
1(2),1227B
FT-IR
-19
AS105000
1(1),515A
1(1),733B
l(l),470D
-16
OZ2625000
1(1),515B
1(1),733C
1(1),471A
0.846
1.478
1.4365
GP9625000
1(1),515G
RTECS
Number
R and S
AS3325000
1(1),877K
Flash
point (C)
1.122
1.4620
> 110
>110
1(1),472C
FT-NMR
1(1),1221A
2,653
2,709
2,687
2(4),2127
2,634
9,834
2(1),252
l(l),740B
1.4025
1.463
1.4160
Refractive
index (at 200C)
Merck
1(1),741A
0.839
1.199
0.847
0.9790
Beilstein
1.548
1.4650
1.4720
1.4290
1.5684
1.4690
1.4680
1.4680
1.4680
Density
(at 200C)
Merck
AO9600000
1.449
1.217
1.455
1.409
1.205
1.121
1.172
1.407
Density
(at 200C)
RTECS
Number
FT-IR
1(1),749B
11,6867
11,7439
11,8844
11,9278
Merck
11,122
13,297
Beilstein
Fieser
1,725
10,2
11,2599
Merck
11,123
1,728
Beilstein
2,400
4(4),664
1(1),887I
1(1),1236A
l(l),750C
17,241
14,263
1(3),2981
AS3450000
AS3460000
AS3475000
2,542
9,805
2,671
2,719
2,694
2,613
9,844
12,291
11,2943
Fieser
TABLE 4.
cont'd
- , Diethyl-, N9N- , 1,2-Dihydroxyethylenebis-,N,N'

- , Diisopropyl-, N,N- , 4,4-Dimethoxybutyl-, N- , Dimethyl-, N9N- , 3-(Dimethylamino)propyl-, N-, l,l-Dimethyl-2sulfoethyl-, N-(AMPS)
- , Diphenylmethyl-,7V- , Ethylenebis-,WV'- , Ethylhexyl-,iV- , 2-Glycolic acid, N- , 2-Glycolic acid
methyl ester, N- , Hexamethylenebis-, N,Nf
- , tert-Hexyl-, N- , Hydroxymethyl-,
N- (solution)
- , Isobornyl-, N-, Isobutoxymethyl-, N-, Isopropyl-, N-, Isopropylidenebis-,
N9N1- , 3-Methoxypropyl-, N- , Methyl-, N- , Methylenebis-, N,Nf- , (1-Methoxy)
- , (Methoxy)acetoxymethyl-, N- , Morpholinoethyl-, N- , 1-Naphthyl-, N- , Octadecyl-, N- , Octamethylenebis-,
NJ*'- , tert-Octyl-, N- , Phthalamidomethyl-, N- , 2,2,2-Trichloro-lhydroxyethyl-, N- , Tri(hydroxymethyl)methyl-, N
-, 1,1,3-Trimethylbutyl-, N- , Trimethylenebis-, N,N'- , Triphenylmethyl-, N4.2.
R;
Name
Boiling
point (0C)
CAS Registry
Number
MoI. wt.
2675-94-7
868-63-3
127.19
200.19
93/19
54/0.4
135/0.7
82/21
117/2
Melting
point (0C)
-CH 2 CH 3
-CH(OH)CH(OH)-
-CH 2 CH 3
-H
-CH(CHs) 2
-(CH 2 ) 3 CH(OCH 3 ) 2
-CH3
-(CH 2 ) 3 N(CH 3 ) 2
-CH(CH 3 ),
-H
-CH3
-H
44975-46-4
38486-53-2
2680-03-7
3845-76-9
155.24
187.24
99.13
156.23
-C(CH 3 ) 2 CH 2 SO 3 H
-H
15214-89-8
207.25
-CH(C 6 H 5 ),
-CH2CH2-CH 2 CH(CH 2 CH 3 )
(CH 2 ) 3 CH 3
-CH(OH)C(O)OH
-CH(OH)C(O)OCH3
-H
-H
-H
10254-08-7
2956-58-3
91625-16-0
237.30
168.20
183.30
-H
-H
6737-24-2
77402-03-0
163.13
173.17
-(CH2)6-
-H
7150-41-6
224.28
135
-CH 2 CH 2 C(CH 3 ),
-CH 2 OH
-H
-H
51330-07-5
924-42-5
155.24
101.11
100
- C H)H 17
-CH 2 OCH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2

-CH(CH 3 ),
-C(CH3)2-
-H
-H
-H
-H
17159-04-5
16669-59-3
2210-25-5
207.31
157.21
113.16
182.22
-(CH 2 ) 3 OCH 3
-CH3
-CH2-
-H
-H
-H
107374-86-7
1187-59-3
110-26-9
143.19
85.11
154.17
-C(OCH 3 )C(O)OCH 3
-H
77402-03-0
173.17
-CH 2 CH 2 NC 4 H 8 O
-Ci0H7
-(CH 2 ) 17 CH 3
-(CH2)8-
-H
-H
-H
-H
5117-12-4
22302-62-1
1506-54-3
2945-02-0
141.17
197.24
323.56
252.35
-(CH 2 ) 4 C(CH 3 ) 3
-CH 2 NC 8 H 4 O 2
-CH(OH)CCl 3
-H
-H
-H
4223-03-4
80500-94-3
183.29
230.22
218.47
58
190
170
-C(CH 2 OH) 3
-H
13880-05-2
175.18
139
-C(CH 3 ) 2 CH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2
-(CH2),-C(C 6 H 5 ),
-H
-H
-H
25269-93-6
4887-13-2
102548-89-0
169.27
182.22
313.40
156(d)
18
195(d)
178
140
123/0.5
95
74
135
108
90/2
61
210
99/0.3
106/4
>300
73
158/50
125/25
>110
138
75
138
55
112
204
METHACRYLAMIDES H2C=C(CH3)C(O)NRR'
215
76/1.2
Methacrylamide
- , Acetyl-, N- , Acetylphenyl-, N- , AlIyI-, N- , 3-Aminopropyl-, N-,
hydrochloride
- , Benzyl-, N-, Bis(diethylaminoethyl)-,
N9N- , Butoxymethyl-, N-
-H
-C(O)CH 3
-C 6 H 4 C(O)CH 3
-CH 2 CH=CH 2
-(CH 2 ) 3 NH 2 HC1
-H
-H
-H
-H
-H
79-39-0
44810-87-9
58813-69-7
2186-33-6
72607-53-5
85.11
127.14
203.24
125.17
178.66
-CH 2 C 6 H 5
-CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 2 CH 3 ) 2
3219-55-4
76392-05-7
175.23
183.28
122/0.4
-CH 2 O(CH 2 ) 3 CH 3
-H
-CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 2 CH 3 ),
-H
171.24
105/0.3
-, ^rr-Butyl-, N- , 2-Cyanoethyl-, N- , 2-Cyanoethyl-, N-,

methyl-, N
-C(CH 3 ),
-CH 2 CH 2 CN
-CH 2 CH 2 CN
-H
-H
-CH3
5153-77-5
28384-61-4
6554-73-0
24854-94-2
142.20
138.17
152.20
163
109
138
138
90/2.2
124
82
113/1
60
46
46
Density
(at 200C)
0.962
0.949
Refractive
index (at 200C)
1.4730
1.4820
Flash
point (0C)
71
> 110
RTECS
Number
AU3230000
160
R and S
FT-NMR
1(1),885K
1(1),1233C
1(1),893I
1(1),1244C
l(l),1065K
1(1),1438C
FT-IR
1(3),784B
1(1),915E
1(1),913D
1(1),885J
1.074
1.4130
None
AS3600000
0.970
1.4610
79
AS3630000
AS3675000
1.122
1.5120
Beilstein
4(3),130
4(4), 1268
4(3),526
1(1),883K
AI8967330
Merck
1(1),1276B
1(1),1272B
1(1),781A
l(l),750A
2(4), 1472
4(4),517
AS3678000
1(1),883J
l(l),1230C
AI8967330
1(1),913D
1(1),1272B
> 110
1(1),749D
1.10
UC6475000
1(1),883M
1(1),1231B
1(1),877L
1(1),1221B
27(4),278
2(2),399
1.4702
0.96
1.46
1.4755
122
1(1),749C
Fieser
TABLE 4.
cont'd
R
Name
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
Cyclohexyl-, NDiallyl-, N,NDibenzyl-, N,NDibutyl-, NJf3-Di(butyl)aminopropyl-, NDiethyl-, NJf3-(Diethylamino)propyl-, NDiisopropyl-, NJf2,2-Dimethoxyethyl-, NDimethyl-, NJf2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl-, N3-(Dimethylamino)propyl-,
N- , Dodecyl-, N-, Ethylenebis-, NJf'- , 2-Ethylhexyl-, N-, 2-Hydroxyethyl-, N- , Hydroxymethyl-, N- , 4-Hydroxyphenyl-, N- , Isobutoxymethyl-, Af- , Isopropyl-, N-, Methoxymethyl-, N- , Methyl-, N- , Methylenebis-, NJf'- , Methyl-, N-, Phenyl-, N-, Methyl-, N-, 2,2-dimethoxyethyl-, N-, 3-(Af-morpholino)propyl-, A^- , 2-(2-Oxo-l-imidazolidinyl)ethyl-, N- , Phenyl-, N- , Phenyl-, N-, Phenylethyl-, N-, 3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl-,
A^- , 3-(Trimethylammonium)propyl-, chloride,
N- (eq. solution)
TABLE 5.
-C6Hn
-CH2CH=CH2
-CH 2 C 6 H 5
-(CH 2 ) 3 CH 3
-(CH2)3N((CH2)3CH3)2
-CH 2 CH 3
-(CH 2 ) 3 N(CH 2 CH 3 ) 2
-CH(CH 3 ) 2
-CH2CH(OCH3)2
-CH 3
-CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 2
-(CH 2 ) 3 N(CH 3 ) 2
-H
-CH2CH=CH2
-CH 2 C 6 H 5
-(CH 2 ) 3 CH 3
-H
-CH 2 CH 3
-H
-CH(CH 3 ) 2
-H
-CH 3
-H
-H
-(CH 2 )nCH 3
-CH 2 CH 2 -CH2CH(CH2CH3)(CH2)3CH3
-CH2CH2OH
-CH 2 OH
-C 6 H 4 OH
-CH2OCH(CH3)2
-CH(CH 3 ),
-CH 2 OCH 3
-CH 3
-CH2-CH 3
-CH 3
-H
-H
-H
-H
-H
-H
-H
-H
-H
-H
-H
-C 6 H 5
-CH2CH(OCH3)2
-(CH 2 ) 3 NC 4 H 4 O
-CH 2 CH 2 C 3 H 5 N 2 O
CAS Registry
Number
2918-67-4
13169-99-8
57625-30-6
22240-86-4
76392-03-5
5441-99-6
51745-62-1
95984-11-5
6976-91-6
13081-44-2
5205-93-6
MoL wt.
167.25
197.32
265.36
197.32
253.41
141.21
197.30
169.27
173.21
113.16
156.34
170.26
Boiling
point (0C)
Melting
point (C)
102
50/1.1
41
81/0.8
125/0.13
82/7
134/10
47
27
66/10
87/1.8
134/2
1191-39-5
6117-25-5
5238-56-2
923-02-4
19243-95-9
4548-27-0
13749-61-6
3644-12-0
3887-02-3
2359-15-1
2918-73-2
95984-81-9
253.43
196.25
197.32
129.16
115.13
177.20
171.24
127.19
129.16
99.13
182.22
238.31
187.24
110/0.3
147/1.2
ca. 100
127/5
112/115
80.03
88/3.5
-H
-H
55937-58-1
3089-19-8
212.30
197.24
150/0.08
100
-C 6 H 5
-C 6 H 5
-C 6 H 4 CF 3
-H
-CH 2 CH 2 C 6 H 5
-H
1611-83-2
76392-02-4
783-05-1
161.20
266.37
229.20
84
63
95
-(CH 2 ) 3 N(CH 3 ) 3 HC1
-H
51410-72-1
220.74
-22.5
CAS Registry
Number
MoL wt.
-H
-CH2CH=CH2
-C(O)CH=CH2
-CH 2 C 6 H 5
-C 6 H 4 C 6 H 5
(-(CH2CH2OC6H4)2C(CH3)2
(-CH2CH(OH)CH2OC6H4)2C(CH3)2
79-10-7
999-55-3
2051-76-5
2495-35-4
13026-23-8
64401-02-1
4687-94-9
72.06
112.13
126.11
162.19
226.27
424
484.55
H2C=CBrC(O)OH
BrCH=CHC(O)OH
H2C=CBrC(O)OCH2CH3
-CH 2 CH 2 Br
H2C=C(CH2Br)C(O)OH
H2C=C(CH2Br)C(O)OCH2CH3
H2C=C(CH2Br)C(O)OCH3
-CH 2 CH 2 CH(CH 3 )-(CH 2 ) 4 -CH 2 CH=CHCH 2 -
10443-65-9
1609-92-3
4519-46-4
4823-47-6
72707-66-5
17435-72-2
4224-69-5
19485-03-1
1070-70-8
150.97
150.96
164.99
179.03
164.99
193.05
179.02
198.22
198.22
127.16
145/0.08
88/2
72/2
170
-37
154
90
164
50
ACRYLATES/METHACRYLATES
Name
5.1.
R'
Boiling
point (0C)
Melting
point (0C)
139
123
97/35
110/8
13
ACRYLATE, ACIDS/ESIPERS H2C = CHC(O)OR
Acid
Allyl ester
Anhydride
Benzyl ester
4-Biphenylyl ester
Bisphenol A ethoxylate diester
Bisphenol A diglycidyl
ether diester
2-Bromo3-Bromo-, cis2-Bromo-, ethyl ester
2-Bromoethyl ester
2-Bromomethyl2-Bromomethyl-, ethyl ester
2-Bromomethyl-, methyl ester
1,3-Butylene diester
2-Butylene-l,4 diester
224
63
63
72/78
52/5
70
86/20
36/1.3
73/0.1
83/0.3
60/23
Density
(at 200C)
Refractive
index (at 200C)
Flash
point (0C)
RTECS
Number
R and S
FT-NMR
FT-IR
Merck
Beilstein
Fieser
1.4731
0.940
1.4600
1.4744
1.4790
140
1.5002
1.100
0.97
1.4300
1.46
>110
UC6380000
107
4(3),276
SI1225000
1.4707
1.4740
0.97
1.4560
>110
1.110
1.427
1.053
Density
(at 200C)
1.051
0.880
Refractive
index (at 20C)
Flash
point (0C)
54
8
1.0573
1.4202
1.4320
1.4487
1.5143
101
1.146
1.180
1.5450
1.5570
> 110
> 110
RTECS
Number
R and S
AS4375000
1(1),547A
FT-NMR
1(1),776A
FT-IR
1(1),498B
1.4770
1.388
1.489
1.030
1.051
0.9344
1.478
1.490
1.4500
1.4560
1.4422
78
93
>110
AS4900000
AS5250000
UD3130000
11,124
2,400
Beilstein
2,397
2,402
2(4), 1486
1(1),563H
1(1),563I
1.4774
Merck
1(1),563K
l(l),806C
1(1),516C
1(1),745J
l(l),1031C
1(3),696D
2(4), 170
Fieser
TABLE 5.
Name
cont'd
2-(2-Butoxyethoxy)ethyl ester
-CH2CH2OCH2CH2O(CH2)3CH3
2-Butoxyethyl ester
-CH2CH2O(CH2)SCH3
w-Butyl ester
-(CH 2 ) 3 CH 3
s-Butyl ester
-CH(CH3)CH2CH3
f-Butyl ester
-C(CH 3 ) 3
2-ChloroH2C=CClC(O)OH
2-Chloro-, butyl ester
H2C=CC1(O)O(CH2)3CH3
2-Chloro-, ethyl ester
H2C=CClC(O)OCH2CH3
2-Chloro-, methyl ester
H2C=CClC(O)OCH3
3-Chloro-, cisClCH=CHC(O)OH
3-Chloro-, transClCH=CHC(O)OH
2-Chloroethyl ester
-CH2CH2Cl
Cinnamyl ester
-CH2CH=CHC6H5
Crotyl ester
-CH2CH=CHCH3
2-Cyano-, butyl ester
H2C=C(CN)C(O)O(CH2)3CH3
2-Cyano-, ethyl ester
H2C=C(CN)C(O)OCH2CH3
2-Cyano, isobutyl ester
H2C=C(CN)C(O)OCH2CH(CH3)2
2-Cyanoethyl ester
-CH2CH2CN
Cyclohexyl ester
-C 6 H 1 1
Cyclopentyl ester
-C 5 H 9
rc-Decyl ester
-(CH 2 ) 9 CH 3
2,3-Dibromopropyl ester
-CH2CHBrCH2Br
2,3-Dichloropropyl ester
-CH2CHCICH2Cl
Dicyclopentenyl ester
-C1OH13
Dicyclopentenyloxyethyl ester -CH2CH2OC 10H 13
2-(Diethylamino)ethyl ester
-CH2CH2N(CH2CH3)2
3-(Diethylamino)propyl ester
-(CH 2 ) 3 N(CH 2 CH 3 ) 2
Di(ethylene glycol) diester
-CH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 2 Dihydrodicyclopentadienyl estei -C1OH15
2,3-Dihydroxypropyl ester
-CH2CH(OH)CH2OH
2-(Dimethylamino) ethyl ester -CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 2
3-(Dimethylamino) neopentyl - CH2C(CH3)2CH2N(CH3)2
ester
3-(Dimethylamino) propyl ester -(CH 2 ) 3 N(CH 3 ) 2
Dipentaerythritol pentaester
(-CH2)3CCH2OCH2C(CH2OH)(CH2-)2
Di(propylene glycol) diester
-CH2CH(CH3)OCH2CH(CH3)Di(trimethylolpropane) tetraester ((-CH2)2C(CH2CH3)CH2)2O
Dodecyl ester
-(CH 2 ) n CH 3
1H,1H,1 lH-Eicosafluoro-CH 2 (CF 2 ) 9 CHF 2
undecylester
2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethyl ester
-(CH2CH2O)2CH2CH3
2-Ethoxyethyl ester
-CH2CH2OCH2CH3
Ethyl ester
-CH 2 CH 3
Ethylene diester
-CH 2 CH 2 2-Ethylhexyl ester
-CH2CH(CH2CH3)(CH2)3CH3
Furfuryl ester
-CH 2 C 4 H 3 O
Glycidyl ester
-CH 2 CH(-O-)CH 2
Glycerol propoxylate triester
-CH(CH3)CH2OCH(CH2OCH2CH(CH3)-)2
1H,1H,2H,2H-Heptadecafluoro- -CH 2 CH 2 (CF 2 ) 7 CF 3
decyl ester
1H, 1 H-Heptafluorobutyl ester -CH 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 3
Heptyl ester
-(CH 2 ) 6 CH 3
Hexadecyl ester
-(CH 2 ) 15CH3
2,2,3,4,4,4-Hexafluorobutyl este:r -CH2CF2CHFCF3
lH-Hexafluoroisoporpyl ester
-CH(CF 3 ),
Hexanediol diester
-(CHa) 6 n-Hexyl ester
-(CH 2 ) 5 CH 3
4-Hydroxybutyl ester
-(CH 2 ) 4 OH
2-Hydroxyethyl ester
-CH2CH2OH
2-Hydroxy-3-phenoxypropyl
-CH2CH(OH)CH2OC6H5
ester
2-Hydroxypropyl ester
-CH2CH(OH)CH3
Isobornyl ester
-C 10 H 18
Isobutyl ester
-CH2CH(CH3)2
CAS Registry
Number
MoI. wt.
Boiling
point (0C)
Melting
point (0C)
4074-88-8
12542-30-2
10095-20-2
2439-35-2
20166-73-8
232.28
172.22
128.17
128.17
128.17
106.51
162.62
134.56
120.54
106.51
106.51
134.57
188.23
126.16
153.18
125.13
153.18
125.13
154.21
282.38
212.34
271.94
183.04
202.25
248.32
171.27
185.27
214.22
204.27
146.15
143.19
181.24
18526-07-3
60506-81-2
85136-76-1
94108-97-1
2156-97-0
4998-38-3
157.22
524.53
242.27
466.53
240.39
586.17
7328-17-8
106-74-1
140-88-5
2274-11-5
103-11-7
10525-17-4
106-90-1
52408-84-1
27905-45-9
188.23
144.17
100.12
170.16
184.28
152.15
128.13
428
518.10
250
65/16
99
67/2
217
92/16
115/78
424-64-6
2499-58-3
13402-02-3
54052-90-3
2160-89-6
13048-33-4
2499-95-8
2478-10-6
818-61-1
16969-10-1
254.11
170.25
296.50
236.11
222.09
226.28
156.23
144.17
116.11
222.24
121/743
56/1
170/15
48/12
84
295
190
95/0.1
90/12
-101
999-61-1
5888-33-5
106-63-8
130.15
208.30
128.19
77/15
275
132
-92
-15
-61
7251-90-3
141-32-2
2998-08-5
1663-39-4
26952-44-3
13401-85-9
687-46-7
80-63-7
1609-93-4
2345-61-1
2206-89-5
23916-33-8
6606-65-1
7085-85-0
1069-55-2
106-71-8
3066-71-5
16868-13-6
2156-96-9
19660-16-3
24910-84-7
33791-58-1
65983-31-5
2426-54-2
103/23
63/2
145
59/25
30/25
176(d)
100/42
41/20
52/50
-64
60
61
84
64/20
105/2
38/10
92/6
90/5
81/4
103/8
183
145/0.08
185/50
105/6
58/0.5
105/4
100/0.5
171.27
44/0.1
162
119/5
115/0.1
64/12
53/1.4
-17
-17
<-60
-40
<-60
167
95/0.5
120/1
115/1
49
-72
-90
100/4
-45
Density
(at 200C)
0.9821
0.9497
0.894
0.8114
0.8850
Refractive
index (at 200C)
1.4394
1.4323
1.4180
1.4140
1.4108
Flash
point (0C)
90
39
RTECS
Number
R and S
UD3150000
1(1),719E
1(1),974A
1(1),642A
1(1),719F
1(1),974B
1(3),674D
2(3),1228
1(1),563F
1(1),563G
l(l),805C
l(l),806A
1(1),516A
1(1),516B
2,400
2,400
FT-NMR
FT-IR
Merck
11,1539
Beilstein
Fieser
2(2),388
17
1.1404
1.189
1.4384
1.4420
33
AS5960000
1.1404
1.0495
1.4384
1.5660
0.986
1.069
1.4420
99
108
1.0690
0.975
1.4433
1.4673
124
29
0.8781
1.7803
1.2603
1.440
1.5520
1.4765
227
1.085
0.9250
0.9180
1.118
1.08
1.5010
1.443
1.441
1.4630
1.509
99
68
AS8225000
> 110
AS9450000
0.943
0.90
1.4380
1.439
58
75
AS8578000
0.928
1.1915
1.4400
68
115
1.101
0.884
1.4488
1.4790
1.4450
3(3),543
AT1500000
AS7350000
1(1),771G
l(l),1073C
1(3),734A
4(3),649
> 110
> 110
2(3), 1230
1.016
0.9819
0.924
1.090
0.8859
1.1125
1.099
1.064
1.4390
1.4282
1.4060
1.4610
1.4360
1.4800
1.4490
1.4610
1.3380
102
65
15
100
79
AS9800000
AT0700000
AT0350000
AT0855000
76
AS9275000
1.418
0.8846
0.8620
1.398
1.330
1.010
0.8882
1.039
1.011
1.160
1.3301
1.4311
1.4470
1.352
1.3190
1.4562
1.4280
1.4520
1.4502
1.5280
31
59
10
> 110
68
> 110
98
89
1.05
0.986
0.8896
1.4448
1.4760
1.4140
65
93
33
1(1),719D
1(1),727M
1(1),719G
1(1),973C
1(1),974C
1(1),638C
1(3),675B
1(3),675A
11,3715
2(3),1232
2(3), 1232
2,399
2(4), 1496
2(3),1229
1(1),1O88C
17(3), 1005
2(4), 1464
AT1430000
AT1450000
1(1),745C
1(1),729E
l(l),1029B
1(1),753L
1(1),753J
l(l),1044C
l(l),1044A
1(1),639B
l(3),720C
l(3),720B
2(3), 1228
2(4), 1470
2(4), 1496
AT1750000
1(1),719H
2(3),1227
AT2100000
6,251
TABLE 5.
cont'd
Name
Isodecyl ester
-(CH 2 )7CH(CH 3 ) 2
Isooctyl ester
-(CH 2 )5CH(CH 3 )2
Isopropoxyethyl ester
-CH 2 CH 2 OCH(CH 3 )S
Isopropyl ester
-CH(CH 3 ) 2
Methallyl ester
-CH 2 C(CH 3 )=CH 2
2-(2-Methoxyethoxy) ethyl ester - C H 2 C H 2 O C H 2 C H 2 O C H 3
2-Methoxyethyl ester
-CH 2 CH 2 OCH 3
Methyl ester
-CH3
2-Methylbutyl ester
-CH 2 CH(CH 3 )CH 2 CH 3
2-(A^Morpholino)ethyl ester
-CH 2 CH 2 NC 4 H 8 O
1-Naphthyl ester
-Ci0H7
2-Naphthyl ester
-Ci0H7
Neopentyl ester
-CH 2 C(CH 3 ) 3
Neopentyl glycol diester
-CH 2 C(CH 3 ) 2 CH 2 Nonyl ester
-(CH 2 ) 8 CH 3
Octadecyl ester
-(CH 2 ) I 7 CH 3
1H,1H,5H-Octafluoropentyl ester -CH 2 (CF 2 ) 3 CF 2 H
rc-Octyl ester
-(CH 2 ) 7 CH 3
1H,1H-Pentadecafluorooctyl ester-CH 2 (CF 2 ) 6 CF 3
Pentaerythritol tetraester
(-CH 2 ) 4 C
Penterythritol triester
(-CH 2 ) 3 CCH 2 OH
Pentaerythritol stearate diester
(-CH 2 ) 2 C(CH 2 OH)CH 2 OC(O)(CH 2 )I 6 CH 3
2,2,3,3,3-Pentafluoropropyl e s t e r -CH 2 CF 2 CF 3
1,5-Pentanediol diester
-(CH2)5w-Pentyl ester
-(CH 2 ) 4 CH 3
2-Phenoxyethyl ester
-CH 2 CH 2 OC 6 H 5
Phenyl ester
-C6H5
1,4-Phenylene diester
-C6H41,4-Phenylene di(acrylic acid)
C 6 H 4 (CH=CHC(O)OH) 2
2-Phenylethyl ester
-CH 2 CH 2 C 6 H 5
Trimethyl 2-phosphonoacrylate (CH 3 O) 2 P(O)C(C(O)OCH 3 )=CH 2
Propargyl ester
- C H 2 C = CH
w-Propyl ester
-CH 2 CH 2 CH 3
1,2-Propylene glycol diester
-CH 2 CH(CH 3 )1,3-Propylene glycol diester
-(CH2)3Tetradecyl ester
-(CH 2 )I 3 CH 3
Tetra(ethylene glycol) diester
-(CH 2 CH 2 O) 3 CH 2 CH 2 2,2,3,3-Tetrafluoropropyl ester
-CH 2 CF 2 CF 2 H
Tetrahydrofurfuryl ester
-C5H^
S,S'-Thiodi-l,4-phenylene dithiol - S C 6 H 4 S S C 6 H 4 S diester
2,3,3-TrichloroClCH 2 =CC1C(O)OH
Tridecyl ester
-(CH 2 ) I 2 CH 3
Tri(ethylene glycol) diester
-(CH 2 CH 2 O) 2 CH 2 CH 2 2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl ester
-CH2CF3
l,l,l-Tri(2-hydroxyethoxy(-CH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 ) 3 CCH 2 CH 3
methyl)propane triester
Tri(2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate (-CH 2 CH 2 ) 3 C 3 N 3 O 3
triester
3,5,5-Trimethylcyclohexyl ester -C 6 H 8 (CH 3 ) 3
3,5,5-Trimethylhexyl ester
-(CH 2 ) 2 CH(CH 3 )CH 2 C(CH 3 ) 3
Trimethylolpropane triester
(-CH 2 ) 3 CCH 2 CH 3
Trimethylolpropane ethoxylate
((-CH 2 CH 2 O) X CH 2 ) 3 CCH 2 CH 3
triester
Tri(propylene glycol) diester
(-CH2(CH3)CH2O)2CH2CH(CH3)Vinyl ester
-CH=CH 2
5.2.
CAS Registry
Number
MoI. wt.
Boiling
point ( 0 C)
25151-33-1
21643-42-5
17831-71-9
7383-71-3
2399-48-6
129283-82-5
212.34
184.25
159.21
114.14
126.16
174.20
130.14
86.09
142.20
185.2
198.22
198.22
142.24
212.25
198.31
324.55
286.12
184.28
454.13
352.34
298.30
510.72
204.10
212.25
142.20
192.21
148.16
218.21
218.21
176.22
194.13
110.11
114.14
184.19
184.19
268.44
302.33
186.11
156.18
386.56
2257-35-4
3076-04-8
1680-21-3
407-47-6
28961-43-5
175.40
254.41
258.30
154.09
428.48
40220-08-4
423.38
86178-38-3
2664-55-3
15625-89-5
28961-43-5
196.29
198.31
296.32
ca. 428
42978-66-5
2177-18-6
300
98.10
>120/l
91
79-41-4
21282-97-3
96-05-9
760-93-0
6498-81-3
86.09
214.22
126.16
154.17
155.20
163
274
60/43
200
190
1330-61-6
29590-42-9
689-12-3
818-67-7
7328-18-9
3121-61-7
96-33-3
19727-38-9
20069-66-3
52684-34-1
4513-36-4
2223-82-7
4813-57-4
376-84-1
2499-59-4
307-98-2
4986-89-4
3524-68-3
92092-01-8
356-86-5
36840-85-4
2998-23-4
48145-04-6
937-41-7
6729-79-9
16323-43-6
3530-36-7
55168-74-6
10477-47-1
925-60-0
121/10
125/20
82/19
51/103
70/50
86/4.6
56/12
80
63/27
67/0.2
212/1
138/0.4
31/3
105/5
76/0.2
160/3
88/41
57/0.05
65/5
>315
Melting
point (0C)
-100
-75
32
18
15
30
50/100
94/0.3
47/7
103/0.6
87/12
88
>300
104/5
91/0.1
138
43/40
63/0.3
122/0.5
138/0.4
>120/0.3
132
87/9
<-60
64
72
150/10
125/0.2
92
157
97
40/0.1
58/0.8
316
157
-34
<-20
METHACRYLATE, ACIDS/ESTERS (H 2 C=C(CH 3 )C(O)OR)
Acid
2-(Acetoacetoxy)ethyl ester
AUyI ester
Anhydride
2-(l-Aziridinyl)ethyl ester
-H
-CH 2 CH 2 C(O)OCH 2 C(O)CH 3
-CH 2 CH=CH 2
-C(O)C(CH 3 )=CH 2
-CH 2 CH(-NH-)CH 2
16
-20
Density
(at 200C)
Refractive
index (at 200C)
0.875
0.880
0.9549
0.8932
0.9285
1.0421
1.012
0.956
0.8883
1.0711
1.4420
1.4370
1.4258
1.4060
1.4372
1.4392
1.4272
1.4020
1.4800
1.4728
0.859
1.030
0.875
0.800
1.4530
1.4375
0.8810
1.63
1.190
1.180
1.018
1.32
0.8920
1.104
Flash
point (0C)
RTECS
Number
106
80
AT2190000
UD3391000
60
7
KL6000000
AT2800000
>37
123
AS8925000
R and S
1(1),719C
FT-NMR
1(1),973B
FT-IR
1(1),638B
Merck
11,5935
190
70
Beilstein
2(3),1232
3,638B
2(4), 1468
1.3467
1.4350
1.3279
1.4870
1.4840
170
> 110
UD3370000
1.3363
1.4551
1.4240
1.5180
> 110
KM0700000
6(3),572
1(2),1775F
1(2), 1050A
l(l),1109B
1(1),1489B
1(1),759E
1(1),745A
l(l),1053B
1(1),743M
l(l),1028C
1(1),999C
1.249
1.4540
105
0.9078
0.8700
1.110
1.317
1.063
1.4130
1.4470
1.4529
1.4468
1.4638
1.3629
1.4580
>110
45
>110
1.099
1.216
1.110
1.4609
1.3506
1.4710
63
12
>110
KM2890000
0.9292
0.875
1.100
1.110
1.455
1.4370
1.4736
1.4720
88
89
>110
86
UD3643625
AT4810000
KM2890000
1(1),729F
1.030
0.942
1.4500
1.4320
AT4690000
1(1),729A
1.015
1.122
0.934
1.035
1.432
1.4560
1.4360
1.454
76
106
34
83
OZ2975000
1(1),547B
1(1),791E
1(1),721E
1(1),831C
AS8100000
UD3483000
OZ5700000
1(1),639C
1(1),753I
9,914
1(2),179B
4(4),3638
1(1),639A
17(3),1104
17(3),1104
2(4), 1462
1(3),696C
2(3),1230
l(l),640A
1(1),999C
1(1),638D
1(1),776B
l(l),1107C
1(1),977A
l(l),1170C
1(1),499C
1(1),641B
11,5849
2,421
2(3), 1290
2(3),1293
6(3),1481
Fieser
17,183
TABLE 5.
cont'd
Benzyl ester
Bisphenol A diester
Bisphenol A tetraethoxylate
diester
2-Bromoethyl ester
2-Butoxyethyl ester
-Butyl ester
s-Butyl ester
tert-Butyl ester
7V-te/?-Butyl-2-aminoethyl ester
2-Chloro-2-hydroxypropyl ester
2-Chloroethyl ester
Chloromethyl ester
Cinnamyl ester
Chloride
2-Cyanoethyl ester
1,4-Cyclohexanediol diester
Cyclohexyl ester
Decanediol diester
Decyl ester
2,3-Dibromopropyl ester
2-(Dibutylamino)ethyl ester
Dicyclopentenyl ester
Dicyclopentenyloxyethyl ester
2-(Diethylamino) ethyl ester
3-(Dimethylamino) propyl ester
Di(ethylene glycol) diester
3,4-Dihydroxybutyl ester
2,3-Dihydroxypropyl ester
2-(Dimethylamino) ethyl ester
Diurethane diester (isomers)
IH, 1H,7H-Dodecafluoroheptyl
ester
Dodecanediol diester
Dodecyl ester
2,3-Epithiopropyl ester
2,3-Epoxybutyl ester
3,4-Epoxybutyl ester
2,3-Epoxyopropyl ester
4-Ethoxybutyl ester
2-Ethoxyethyl ester
Ethyl ester
Ethyl 2-bromomethyl- ester
2-Ethylbutyl ester
1,2-Ethylene diester
2-Ethylhexyl ester
2-(Ethylthio)ethyl ester
Ethyl 2-(trimethoxysilylmethyl-)
ester
Furfuryl ester
Glycerol diester
Glycerol triester
Glycidyl ester
1H,1H,2H,2H-Heptadecafluorodecyl ester
1H, 1 H-Heptafluorobutyl ester
Heptyl ester
1,6-Hexanediol diester
2,2,3,4,4,4-Hexafluorobutyl ester
lH-Hexafluoroisopropyl ester
Hexyl ester
Boiling
point ( 0 C)
CAS Registry
Number
MoI. wt.
-CH2C6H5
C 6 H 4 C(CH 3 ) 2 C 6 H 4
((-CH 2 CH 2 O) 2 C 6 H 4 )SC(CHs) 2
2495-37-6
3253-39-2
41637-38-1
176.22
364.44
452.55
-CH 2 CH 2 Br
-CH 2 CH 2 CH(CH 3 )-(CHz)4-CH 2 CH 2 O(CH 2 ) 3 CH 3
-(CH 2 ) 3 CH 3
-CH(CH 3 )CH 2 CH 3
-C(CH 3 ) 3
-CH 2 CH 2 NHC(CH 3 ) 3
-CH 2 C(OH)ClCH 3
-CH 2 CH 2 Cl
-CH 2 Cl
-CH 2 CH=CHC 6 H 5
CH 2 =C(CH 3 )C(O)Cl
-CH 2 CH 2 CN
-C6HiO-
4513-56-8
1189-08-8
2082-81-7
13532-94-0
97-88-1
2998-18-7
585-07-9
3775-90-4
13159-52-9
1888-94-4
27550-73-8
31736-34-2
920-46-7
4513-53-5
38479-34-4
101-43-9
6701-13-9
3179-47-3
3066-70-4
2397-75-3
31621-69-9
68586-19-6
105-16-8
17577-32-1
2358-84-1
62180-57-8
5919.74.4
2867-47-2
72869-86-4
2261-99-6
193.05
226.28
226.28
186.25
142.20
142.20
142.20
185.27
178.62
148.60
146.57
202.25
104.54
139.16
252.31
168.24
310.44
226.36
285.96
241.38
218.30
262.35
185.28
199.30
242.27
174.20
160.17
157.22
470.57
400.17
69/4
170/2
327
72/0.03
100/1
137/13
150/10
80/10
105/1.5
134/2
110/0.25
140/0.6
187
200
107/23
-CH2CH2-CH 2 CH(CH 2 CH 3 )(CH 2 ) 3 CH 3

-CH 2 CH 2 SCH 2 CH 3
CH 2 =C(CH 2 Si(OCH 3 ) 3 )C(O)OCH 2 CH 3
72829-09-5
142-90-5
3139-91-1
68212-07-7
55750-22-6
106-91-2
76392-24-0
2370-63-0
97-63-2
17435-72-2
5138-86-3
97-90-5
688-84-6
14216-25-2
74976-84-4
338.49
252.42
158.22
156.18
156.18
142.16
186.25
158.20
114.15
193.05
170.25
198.22
198.31
174.26
186.33
142/4
59/1.4
45/0.25
55/0.8
189
85/23
92/35
118
38/0.8
74/16
240
218
102/15
71/10
-CH2C4H3O
-CH 2 CH(OH)CH 2 -CH(CH2-),
-CH(-O-)CH2
-(CH 2 ) 2 (CF 2 ) 7 CF 3
3454-28-2
1830-78-0
52408-84-1
106-91-2
1996-88-9
166.18
228.25
296.3
142.16
532.20
81/5
120/1
150/0.1
189
120/4
-CH 2 (CF 2 ) 2 CF 3
-(CH 2 ) 6 CH 3
-(CH2)6-CH 2 CF 2 CHFCF 3
-CH(CF 3 ),
-(CH 2 ) 5 CH 3
13695-31-3
5459-37-0
6606-59-3
36405-47-7
3063-94-3
142-09-6
268.13
184.28
254.33
250.14
236.11
170.25
Name
-C 6 Hn
-(CH 2 )IO-(CH 2 ) 9 CH 3
-CH 2 CHBrCH 2 Br
-(CH 2 ) 2 N(CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ) 2
-C10H13
-C12HnO
-(CH 2 ) 2 N(CH 2 CH 3 ) 2
-(CH 2 ) 3 N(CH 3 ) 2
-CH2CH2OCH2CH2-CH2CH2CH(OH)CH2OH
-CH 2 CH(OH)CH 2 OH
-CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 2
C23H38N2O8
-CH 2 (CF 2 ) 5 CF 2 H
-(CHz)12-(CH 2 )IiCH 3
-CH2CH(-S-)CH2
-CH 2 CH(-O-)CHCH 3
-CH 2 CH 2 CH(-O-)CH 2
-CH2CH(-O-)CH2
-(CH 2 ) 4 OCH 2 CH 3
-CH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 3
-CH 2 CH 3
CH 2 =C(CH 2 Br)C(O)OCH 2 CH 3
-CH2CH(CH2CH3)CH2CH3
Melting
point (0C)
232
73
ca. 540
47/2.7
290
133/4
90/3
161
146
132
100/12
95/2
59/7.5
54/20
141/3
95
99/2
50
134
104/14
>315
158
99
88/14
-44
<-60
-30
0.95
-7
<-75
-40
<-18
Density
0
Refractive
index (at 20C)
Flash
point (0C)
RTECS
Number
R and S
FT-NMR
FT-IR
Merck
Beilstein
(at 20 C)
1.5120
107
1.5320
> 110
1.4520
1.4565
1.4335
1.4230
1.4195
1.4150
1.4420
1.4750
130
113
93
50
1.040
1(2),1931F
1(2),1296C
1(2),316B
1(1),729D
1(1),999A
1(1),639D
1(1),721A
1(1),975C
1(1),641A
1.120
1.010
1.023
0.939
0.894
0.875
0.914
1.190
OZ3675000
50
71
150
OZ3675500
OZ3500000
OZ5791000
2(4),1534
2(3),1292
2(3),1286
2(4),1582
4(4),1509
2(4),1533
1.4434
1.070
1.4420
1.4459
0.9626
0.875
1.459
1.4577
1.443
101
1.050
1.064
0.922
1.4474
1.4990
1.4970
1.4442
>110
> 110
85
1.082
1.4580
66
0.933
1.110
1.4400
1.485
70
>150
OZ4200000
1.46
0.868
1.4450
>110
OZ4300000
1(1),732C
82
82
2(3), 1293
6(3),25
6(3), 1942
4(3),676
2(3),1292
1(1),771H
l(l),1074A
1(1),675C
4(3),649
1(1),721D
1(1),976C
1(3),678B
2(3), 1290
0.964
0.917
1.398
1.4422
1.4472
1.4490
1.4223
1.4290
1.4130
1.4790
1.051
0.885
1.4540
1.4380
86
92
0.897
1.4380
59
1.078
1.120
1.4820
1.4720
90
> 115
1.042
1.4490
76
1.345
1.3410
37
0.995
1.348
1.302
0.885
1.4580
1.3610
1.3310
1.432
150
57
14
63
1.038
1.042
1(1),857B
76
OZ4375000
1(1),781F
l(l),1089A
1(1),668D
71
15
87
OZ4550000
1(1),759C
1(1),719J
l(l),1052C
1(1),975B
1(3),723C
l(l),640D
OZ4400000
OZ4630000
1(1),729B
1(1),721C
1(1),998B
1(1),976B
2(3),1291
2,423
2(3), 1292
2(3),1289
1(1),642D
1(2),2985A
1(3),686B
1(1),781F
l(l),1089A
17(3), 1248
OZ4375000
1(1),668D
1(1),745F
1(1),745E
l(l),1030B
l(l),1030A
Fieser
TABLE 5.
cont'd
Name
-(CH 2 ) 4 OH
4-Hydroxybutyl ester
2-Hydroxyethyl ester
-CH 2 CH 2 OH
3-(5-Hydroxypentyloxy)-CH 2 CH 2 C(O)O(CH 2 ) 5 OH
3-oxopropyl ester
3-Hydroxypropyl ester
-(CH 2 ) 3 OH
Isobornyl ester
-CioHg
Isobutyl ester
-CH 2 CH(CHs) 2
2-Isocyanatoethyl ester
-CH 2 CH 2 NCO
Isodecyl ester
-(CH 2 ) 7 CH(CH 3 ) 2
Isopropyl ester
-CH(CHs) 2
Methallyl ester
-CH 2 C(CH 3 )=CH 2
2-(2-Methoxyethoxy) ethyl ester -(CH 2 CH 2 O) 2 CH 3
2-Methoxyethyl ester
-CH 2 CH 2 OCH 3
Methyl ester
-CH3
2-Methyl-2-nitropropyl ester
-CH 2 C(CH 3 )(NO 2 )CH 3
2-(Methylthio) ethyl ester
-CH 2 CH 2 SCH 3
Methyl 2-bromomethyl ester
CH 2 =C(CH 2 Br)C(O)OCH 3
Methyl 2-(l-hydroxyethyl-)ester CH 2 =C(CH(OH)CH 3 )C(O)OCH 3
2-Af-Morpholinoethyl ester
-CH 2 CH 2 NC 4 H 8 O
Neopentylglycol diester
-CH2C(CH3)2CH2Nona(ethylene glycol) diester
-(CH 2 CH 2 O) 8 CH 2 CH 2 Nona(propylene glycol) diester - ( C H ( C H 3 ) C H 2 O ) 8 C H ( C H 3 ) C H 2 Nonyl ester
-(CH 2 ) 8 CH 3
4-Nonylphenyl ester
-C 6 H 4 (CH 2 ) 8 CH 3
Octadecyl ester
-(CH 2 ) 17 CH 3
-Octyl ester
-(CH 2 ) 7 CH 3
Pentabromophenyl ester
-C6Br5
Pentachlorophenyl ester
-C6Cl5
1H, 1 H-Pentafluorooctyl ester
-CH 2 (CF 2 ) 6 CF 3
Pentaerythritol tetraester
C(CH2-),
2,2,3,3,3-Pentafloropropyl ester -CH 2 CF 2 CF 3
Pentyl ester
-(CH 2 ) 4 CH 3
2-Phenoxyethyl ester
-CH 2 CH 2 OC 6 H 5
Phenyl ester
-C6H5
2-Phenylethyl ester
-CH 2 CH 2 C 6 H 5
rc-Propyl ester
-CH 2 CH 2 CH 3
1,2-Propylene diester
-CH 2 CH(CH 3 )1,3-Propylene diester
-(CH2),2-Sulfoethyl ester
-CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 H
3-Sulfopropyl ester, potassium
-(CH 2 ) 3 SO 3 K
salt
Tetra(ethylene glycol) diester
-CH 2 CH 2 (OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 2,2,3,3-Tetrafluoropropyl ester
-CH 2 CF 2 CF 2 H
Trimethylsilyl ester
-Si(CH 3 ),
2-(Trimethylsilyloxy)ethyl ester
-CH 2 CH 2 OSi(CHs) 3
3-(Trimethylsilyloxy)propyl ester
-(CH 2 ) 3 OSi(CH 3 ) 3
3-(Tris(trimethylsiryloxy)silyl)
-(CH 2 ) 3 Si(OSi(CH 3 ) 3 ) 3
propyl ester
Vinyl ester
-CH=CH 2
TABLE 6.
MoI. wt.
997-46-6
868-77-9
85099-10-1
158.20
130.14
244.29
105/0.01
250
276-09-3
7534-94-3
97-86-9
30674-80-7
29964-84-9
4655-34-9
816-74-0
45103-58-0
6976-93-8
80-62-6
2177-42-6
14216-23-0
4224-69-5
18020-65-0
2997-88-8
1985-51-9
25852-47-5
25852-49-7
2696-43-7
76391-98-5
32360-05-7
2157-01-9
18967-31-2
16184-61-5
3934-23-4
3253-41-6
45115-53-5
2849-98-1
10595-06-9
2177-70-0
3683-12-3
2210-28-8
1188-09-6
90/9
245
155
211
126/10
125
157
67/1
66/16
100
102/4
38/0.06
36/1.3
91/20
80/0.08
112/1.2
10595-80-9
31098-21-2
144.17
222.33
142.20
155.17
226.36
128.17
140.18
188.22
144.17
100.12
187.20
160.24
179.02
130.14
199.25
240.30
550
560
212.33
288.43
338.58
198.31
556.69
334.41
468.16
408.45
218.12
156.23
206.24
162.19
190.24
128.17
212.25
212.25
194.21
246.33
109-17-1
45102-52-1
13688-56-7
17407-09-9
2530-85-0
17096-07-0
300.37
200.14
158.28
202.33
248.35
422.82
220
124
51/20
65/0.9
190
113/0.2
4245-37-8
112.13
111
Melting
point ( 0 C)
-12
-48
-51
-45
-41
-48
>200/l
125/0.03
195/6
105/4
19
132
87
67/5
55/110
73/17
183
115/10
119/11
140
68/1
68/1
(d)
66
295(d)
ALCOHOLS
Formula HOROH
R
Name
6.1.
Boiling
point ( 0 C)
CAS Registry
Number
CAS
Registry
Number
MoI. wt.
Boiling
point ( 0 C)
Melting
point (0C)
ALKANEDIOLS
1,2-Butane
1,3-Butane
1,4-Butane
1,10-Decane
1,12-Dodecane
1,2-Ethylene
-CH(C2H5)CH2-CH(CH 3 )CH 2 CH 2 -(CH2),-(CHa)10-(CH2)I2-(CH2)2-
584-03-2
107-88-0
110-63-4
112-47-0
5675-51-4
107-21-1
90.12
90.12
90.12
174.28
202.34
62.07
191/747
203
230
170/8
189/12
197
16
73
82
-13
Density
(at 200C)
Refractive
index (at 200C)
Flash
point (0C)
1.073
1.080
1.4520
1.4360
97
>110
1.066
0.9830
0.886
1.096
0.878
0.8847
1.4470
1.4770
1.420
96
107
41
97
>110
1.020
0.993
0.936
1.087
1.040
1.489
1.071
1.4397
1.4310
1.4140
1.450
1.4800
1.4900
1.4520
> 110
65
10
> 110
88
78
43
1.003
1.099
1.010
1.099
1.4530
1.4660
1.4520
1.4660
1.5020
1.4510
1.4373
117
>110
>110
> 110
> 110
196
0.864
1.4430
1.4122
1.5732
1.3482
1.0687
1.5130
1.5184
1.508
1.4450
1.4450
0.98
0.9022
1.3245
1(1),753M
l(l),1045A
OZ4900000
1(1),721B
1(1),976A
FT-IR
Merck
Beilstein
Fieser
1(1),665B
2(3),1287
1(3),677C
OZ5000000
OZ5075000
1(1),719I
11,5849
1(1),975A
1(1),64OC
AS4900000
1(1),745J
2(2),398
2(3),1288
l(l),1031C
2(4),1535
2(3),1290
122
1.4772
82
50
32
76
92
> 110
0.933
1.4360
13
1.113
OZ4725000
FT-NMR
100
1.4630
1.3730
1.4147
1.4280
1.4310
1.4190
1.006
1.005
1.017
Rand S
96
>100
6
1.080
1.250
0.890
0.928
1.045
0.918
Density
(at 2O0C)
RTECS
Number
Refractive
index (at 200C)
1.4380
1.4400
1.4450
1.4310
Flash
point (0C)
93
121
>110
>110
l(l),1065F
1(1),1438B
1(1),745B
1(2),2985B
1(2),2985C
1(2),2985D
l(l),1029A
1(3),686C
1(3),687A
1(3),687B
l(l),890D
2(4),1531
OZ4000000
UC0230000
1(2),1116C
2(3),1290
RTECS
Number
EK0380000
EK0440000
EK0525000
HD8433713
KW2975000
R and S
1(1),141A
1(1),139L
1(1),139K
1(1),143N
1(1),145A
1(1),139A
FT-NMR
1(1),196C
1(1),195C
1(1),195B
l(l),205C
l(l),206B
FT-IR
1(1), 130B
1(1), 130D
l(l),130A
1(1),136D
1(1),137A
1(1),127D
Merck
11,1566
11,2842
11,3755
Beilstein
1,477
1,477
1,478
l(2),560
1(2),562
1,465
Fieser
15,156
TABLE 6.
cont'd
Formula HOROH
R
Name
1,7-Heptane
1,16-Hexadiene
1,6-Hexane
1,7-Heptane
1,16-Hexadiene
1,9-Nonane
1,8-Octane
1,5-Pentane
1,2-Propane
1,3-Propane
1,14-Tetradecane
6.2.
ETHERDIOLS
Di(ethylene glycol)
Di(propylene glycol)
Hexa(ethylene glycol)
Penta(ethylene glycol)
Tetra(ethylene glycol)
Tri(ethylene glycol)
Tri(propylene glycol)
TABLE 7.
CAS
Registry
Number
MoL wt.
Boiling
point ( 0 C)
Melting
point (0C)
-(CHa)7-(CH2)I6-(CH2)6-(CHa)7-(CH 2 ) 1 6 -(CH2)9-(CH2)S-(CH2)S-CH(CH 3 )CH 2 -(CH2)S-(CH 2 ) 1 4 -CH2CH 2 OCH2CH2-
629-30-1
23079-20-1
629-11-8
629-30-1
23079-20-1
3937-56-2
629-41-4
111-29-5
57-55-6
504-63-2
19812-64-7
132.20
258.45
118.18
132.20
258.45
160.26
146.23
104.15
76.10
76.10
230.39
259
198/3
250
259
198/3
177/15
172/20
242
187
214
-CH(CH3)CH2OCH(CH3)CH2-
111-46-6
110-98-5
2615-15-8
4792-15-8
112-60-7
112-27-6
24800-44-0
106.12
134.18
282.34
238.28
194.23
150.17
192.26
245
-10
217/4
184/2
314
285
273
MoL wt.
Boiling
point ( 0 C)
-CH 2 CH 2 (OCH 2 CH 2 )S-CH 2 CH 2 (OCH 2 CH 2 ) 4 -CH 2 CH 2 (OCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 -CH 2 CH 2 (OCH 2 CH 2 ) 2 -CH(CH 3 )CH 2 (OCH(CH 3 )CH 2 ) 2 -
18
92
42
18
92
48
60
-60
-27
88
-6
-7
ALLYL FUNCTIONAL
Formula CH 2 =CHCH 2 R
Name
Acetate
-Acetic acid
Acetoacetate
Alcohol
- , 2-Bromo- , 2-Chloro- , 3-Methyl(crotyl alcohol;)
-Amine
-AT-Aniline
-4-Anisole
-Benzene
Benzyl ether
Bromide
Butyl ether
Butyrate
Chloride
Chloroacetate
Chloroformate
Cyanide
Cyanoacetate
Diallyl amine
2,3-Dibromide
2,3-Dichloride
Ether
Ethyl ether
Fluoride
Formate
Glycidyl ether
Iodide
Isocyanate
Isopropyl ether
4-(2-Methoxyphenol)
Methyl ether
-2-Phenol
R
-OC(O)CH 3
-CH 2 C(O)OH
-OC(O)CH 2 C(O)CH 3
-OH
H 2 C=CBrCH 2 OH
H 2 C=CClCH 2 OH
CH 3 CH=CHCH 2 OH
-NH2
-NC6H5
-C 6 H 4 OCH 3
-C6H5
-OCH 2 C 6 H 5
-Br
-O(CH 2 ) 3 CH 3
-OC(O)CH 2 CH 2 CH 3
-Cl
-OC(O)CH 2 Cl
-OC(O)Cl
-CN
-OC(O)CH 2 CN
-NHH 2 =CBrCH 2 Br
H 2 C=CClCH 2 Cl
-O-OCH 2 CH 3
-F
-OC(O)H
-O-CH2CH(-O-)CH2
-I
-NCO
-OCH(CH 3 ) 2
-C 6 H 4 (OCH 3 )OH
-OCH3
-C6H4OH
CAS
Registry
Number
591-87-7
591-80-0
1118-84-9
107-18-6
5976-47-6
6117-91-5
107-11-9
589-09-3
140-67-0
300-57-2
14593-43-2
106-95-6
3739-64-8
2051-78-7
107-05-1
2916-14-5
2937-50-0
109-75-1
13361-32-5
124-02-7
513-31-5
557-40-4
557-31-3
818-92-8
106-92-3
556-569
1476-23-9
97-53-0
627-40-7
1745-81-9
100.12
100.12
142.16
58.08
136.98
92.53
72.12
57.10
133.19
148.21
118.18
148.21
120.98
114.19
128.17
76.09
134.56
120.54
67.09
125.13
97.16
199.88
110.97
98.15
86.13
60.07
86.09
114.14
167.98
83.09
100.16
164.20
72.11
134.18
104
84/12
194/737
97
152
134
122
53
219
215
156
204
70
44/15
45
164/265
109
118
110/20
112
141
94
95
66
-10
84
154
103
88
84
154
46
220
Melting
point (0C)
-22
-129
-88
-119
-134
-88
-11
Density
(at 20 0 C)
Refractive
index (at 20C)
Flash
point (0C)
RTECS
Number
0.951
1.4550
>110
MI9804000
0.951
1.4550
102
> 110
MO2100000
MI9804000
1.4500
1.4320
1.4400
129
107
79
1.118
1.023
1.127
1.126
1.125
1.125
1.021
1.4460
1.4410
1.4640
1.4620
1.4590
1.4550
1.4440
143
138
>110
>110
177
166
>110
Density
(at 20 0 C)
Refractive
index (at 200 C)
0.928
0.981
1.037
0.854
1.6
1.162
0.845
0.761
0.982
0.965
0.892
0.959
1.398
0.783
0.902
0.939
1.159
1.136
0.834
1.065
0.787
1.934
1.211
0.803
0.760
1.4040
1.4283
1.4390
1.4120
1.5
1.4590
1.4270
1.4205
1.5630
1.5210
1.5100
1.5070
1.4690
1.4060
1.4140
1.4135
1.4460
1.4220
1.4050
1.4430
1.4405
1.5470
1.4603
1.4160
1.3880
0.9460
0.962
1.837
0.940
0.7764
1.066
0.978
1.028
1.4330
1.5540
1.4170
1.3946
1.5410
1.5200
1.5450
Flash
point (0C)
FT-NMR
l(l),204B
1(1),143J
1(1),145E
1(1),143D
1(1),143J
1(1),145E
1(1),143M
1(1),143K
1(1),141I
1(1),139C
1(1),139B
1(1),145C
l(l),205B
l(l),204C
1(1),199A
1(1),192C
1(1),192B
l(l),207A
ID5950000
UB8785000
MM3670000
RZ2670000
XC2100000
YE4550000
YK6825000
1(1),225D
1(1),225E
1(1),229B
1(1),227K
1(1),227H
1(1),227D
1(1),227F
1(1),341B
1(1),341C
1(1),347A
1(1),346B
1(1),346A
1(1),345A
1(1),345B
RTECS
Number
Rand S
>110
0.994
1.036
1.053
R and S
SA0480000
TY2000000
TY2010000
7
89
75
22
AFl760000
SB2800000
54
37
-29
89
81
33
76
-2
14
41
-29
61
31
23
>110
16
81
UD4725000
EM9275000
BA5425000
l(l),202B
l(l),204B
FT-NMR
FT-IR
1(1),135C
1(1),137D
1(1),134B
1(1),135C
1(1),137D
1(1),136B
1(1),135D
1(1),132B
1(1),128B
1(1),128A
1(1),223B
1(1),226A
1(1),227A
1(1),226D
1(1),226C
1(1),226B
Merck
Beilstein
1,489
11,4610
11,7073
11,7868
11,9629
1(2),564
11,3109
1,484
1,489
1,489
1,493
1,490
1,481
1,472
1,475
1,468
1(2),537
1,468
1,468
1,468
1,468
11,9585
FT-IR
Merck
Beilstein
1(1),715C
1(1),547H
1(1),787A
1(1),147A
1(1),963C
1(1),778A
1(1),687C
l(l),207B
1(1),633B
1(1),499B
l(l),1098A
1(1),138B
1(1),183D
1(1),147C
1(1),347A
1(1),1383K
1(1),1243C
1(1),1139E
l(l),208A
1(1),518C
1(2),454B
l(2),208B
1(2),24B
1(1),138C
1(1),322B
1(1),1191A
l(l),1053B
1(1),946B
1(1),135A
1(1),333B
l(l),970B
1(1),133C
1(1),93D
ES5775000
UC7350000
1(1),95I
1(1),219G
1(1),717N
1(1),95E
LQ5775000
EM8050000
AG3690000
UC6650000
UC8200000
1(1),863B
1(1),991F
l(l),1013F
1(1),347K
l(l),101K
l(l),1206B
1(1),1358C
1(1),1391B
l(l),520A
1(1),737A
1(1),843A
1(1),322C
1(1),99C
11,2951
11,3009
4,208
1,201
-7
-21
KN7525000
1(1),219H
1(1),219E
1(1),333C
1(1),332C
1(1),212D
1(1),212C
11,290
11,291
1,438
1,438
57
18
43
RR0875000
VD0450000
NQ8175000
1(1),251C
1(1),95J
l(l),1023E
1(1),374A
11,292
1,202
l(l),1404A
1(1),233D
1(1),94A
1(1),872A
SJ4375000
1(1),1283E
1(2),278A
l(l),1091A
11,3855
SJ3850000
1(1),1265H
1(2),245B
l(l),1070D
>110
63
88
BA5075000
BZ8225000
CY2275000
UC7090000
Fieser
1(1),637B
1(1),93C
1(1),687C
11,284
11,2604
11,285
11,3657
11,286
11,287
11,288
Fieser
2,136
2,425
19(3), 1203
1,436
1,439
1,442
4,205
12,170
6,751
5,484
6(3),1459
1,201
1(3),1882
2,272
1,198
2,198
3,12
2,408
4,214
6,961
6,572
13,2
TABLE 7.
cont'd
Formula CH 2 =CHCH 2 R
Name
Phenyl ether
4-Chloro2,4,6-TribromoPhenyl sulfone
Propyl
-Succinic anhydride
Sulfide
2-Tolyl ether
3-Tolyl ether
4-Tolyl ether
-Urea
TABLE 8.
-OC6H5
-OC 6 H 4 Cl
-OC 6 H 2 Br 3
-S(O)(O)C 6 H 5
-CH 2 CH 2 CH 3
-C4H3O3
-S-OC 6 H 4 CH 3
-OC 6 H 4 CH 3
-OC 6 H 4 CH 3
-NHC(O)NH 2
Name
Butane DecaneDodecaneEthyleneHeptaneHexaneNonaneOctanePentane1,2-Phenylene1,3-Phenylene1,4-PhenylenePropane-
3278-89-5
16212-05-8
1471-03-0
7539-12-0
592-88-1
557-11-9
134.18
168.63
370.88
182.24
100.16
140.1
114.21
148.21
148.21
148.21
100.12
Boiling
point (0C)
Melting
point (0C)
192
107/12
75
111/0.5
91
260
138
81/2
213
91/10
85
CAS
Registry
Number
MoL wt.
110-60-1
646-25-3
2783-17-7
107-15-3
646-19-5
124-09-4
646-24-2
373-44-4
462-94-2
95-54-5
108-45-2
106-50-3
109-76-2
88.15
172.32
200.37
60.10
130.24
116.21
158.29
144.26
102.18
108.14
108.14
108.14
74.13
CAS Registry
Number
MoL wt.
C6H6O5
C6H6O4S
C6H4O5
79814-40-7
6953-60-2
6318-55-4
158.11
174.18
156.10
C7H8O3
C 1 2 H 7 NO 3
C9H4O5
7539-12-0
6492-86-0
552-30-7
140.1
213.20
192.13
C10H10O3
24327-08-0
178.19
C 4 HBrO 3
C 1 2 H 5 BrO 3
C 11 H 20 O 4 Si
5926-51-2
21563-29-1
91424-40-7
176.96
277.08
244.37
C12H12O3
C 1 2 H 1 1 NO 5
C10H12O4
C 8 H 4 ClNO 3
C 1 2 H 5 ClO 3
C5H4O3
C8H10O3
32703-79-0
4515-23-5
56-25-7
4743-17-3
4053-08-1
616-02-4
13149-00-3
204.23
249.23
196.20
197.58
232.63
112.08
154.17
-(CHz)4-(CHz)10-(CHz)12-(CHz)2-(CHz)7-(CHz)6-(CHz)9-(CHz)8-(CH2)S-C6H4-C6H4-C6H4-(CHz)3-
Boiling
Point(C)
159
140/12
118
224
204
258/756
225
179
257
283
267
140
Melting
Point(C)
27
62
70
8.5
28
43
37
51
104
65
144
-12
ANHYDRIDES
Name
9.1.
1746-13-0
MoL wt.
AMINES, DIFUNCTIONAL
Formula H 2 NRNH 2
TABLE 9.
CAS
Registry
Number
Formula
Boiling
point ( 0 C)
Melting
point ( 0 C)
MONOANHYDRIDES
Acetoxysuccinic
5-Acetylmercaptosuccinic
Aconitic, cisAcrylic (see Acrylates)
Allylsuccinic
4-Amino-1,8-naphthalic
1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic
(trimellitic)
Bicyclo[2.2.2.]oct-5-ene2,3-dicarboxylic, endoBromomaleic
4-Bromo, 1,8-naphthalic
3-(tert-Butyldimethylsilyloxy)glutaric
4-tert-Butylphthalic
N-Carboxybenzyloxy-L-aspartic
Cantharidin
5-Chloroisotoic
4-Chloro-1,8-naphthalic
Citraconic
Cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic,
cis-
56
83
75
260
6
167
145
215
218
80
213
158/17
73
123
216
300(d)
208
7
33
Density
(at 20 0 C)
Refractive
index (at 20 0 C)
Flash
point (0C)
RTECS
Number
R and S
FT-NMR
0.978
1.5200
1.5348
63
DA8575000
1(1),1241M
l(2),207A
1.189
0.767
1.5480
1.3990
>110
_5
WR2400000
1(2),2185B
1(1),219F
1(2), 1580A
1(1),333A
0.887
0.950
0.9564
0.970
1.4889
1.5179
1.5179
1.5168
46
BC4900000
Refractive
Index*At 200 C)
0.877
1.4569
0.899
1.4565
0.873
1.4582
Flash
Point(C)
52
155
34
88
81
>110
165
63
>110
0.888
Density
(at 200C)
1.4565
Refractive
index (at 20 0 C)
34
Flash
point (0C)
RTECS
Number
EJ6800000
HD7175000
JR2200000
KH8575000
1(1),287J
1(1),432C
1(1),939M
l(l),1308B
Rand S
RG8841500
SA0200000
SS7875000
SS7700000
SS8050000
TX6825000
RTECS
Number
R and S
FT-NMR
1(1),465A
1(1),469B
1(1),469C
1(1),463B
1(1),468A
1(1),467A
1(1),469A
1(1),468B
1(2),536B
1(2),539A
1(2),542C
1(1),464A
FT-NMR
Merck
Beilstein
6,144
11,14
11,295
1,440
11,296
4,209
FT-IR
1(1),291D
1(1),293D
1(1),294A
1(1),289C
1(1),293A
1(1),292C
1(1),293C
1(1),293B
1(1,292B
1(1),1235C
1(1),1239A
1(1),1242B
l(l),290A
FT-IR
Merck
11,7964
11,3752
11,4614
11,1608
11,7255
11,7254
11,7256
Merck
Beilstein
4,264
4,273
4,273
4,230
4,271
4,269
4,272
4,271
4,266
13,6
3,33
13,61
4,261
Beilstein
18(2), 1128
1(1),837E
1(1),837D
1(1),1179B
1QV715C
18,463
1.163
DC2050000
1(2),336A
1(2),1961B
1(2),1959G
1(2),1329C
1(1),835N
1(1),1178B
1(1),839A
1(2),1961A
1(2),2987F
1(1),1182B
1(2), 133OB
1(3),692A
11,9617
18(2),469
18,468
1,(2),334A
1(1),717D
1.905
>110
1(1),719C
RN8575000
1.247
1.4710
101
>110
QL6127295
GE6825000
1(2),1957H
1(2),1959N
1(1),837J
1(1),835G
1(1),1181A
1(1),1175C
Fieser
6,205
6,299
1,438
l(3),2780
l(l),800D
l(l),309G
1(1)3111
1(1),31U
l(l),309A
1(1),3HE
1(1),311B
1(1),3HH
1(1),3HF
l(l,309K
1(1),1429A
1(1),1431C
1(1),1433D
l(l),309D
MOl 180000
l(l),1052B
1(1),269C
YR7875000
Density
(at 20 0 C)
FT-IR
1(2),332C
1(2),335D
1(1),718D
1(1),715D
17,435
17,523
19,161
27,265
17,522
17,440
Fieser
4,231
8,393
Fieser
TABLE 9.
cont'd
Name
Cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic,
transDiacetyl-L-tartaric
3,5-Diacetyltetrahydropyran2,4,6-trione
Dichloromaleic
3,6-Dichlorophthalic
4,5-Dichlorophthalic
3,6-Difluorophthalic
Diglycolic
2,2-Dimethylglutaric
3,3-Dimethylglutaric
2,3-Dimethylmaleic
2,2-Dimethylsuccinic
Diphenic
2,3-Diphenylmaleic
2-Dodecen-1 -ylsuccinic
3,6-Epoxy-l,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic, exo3-Ethyl-3-methylglutaric
3-Fluorophthalic
4-Fluorophthalic
2-Foraiamidosuccinic
Glutaric
l,4,5,6,7,7-Hexachloro-5norbornene2,3-dicarboxylic
Hexafluoroglutaric
Hexahydro-4-methylphthalic
Homophthalic
3 -Hy droxy phthalic
Isatoic
Isobutenylsuccinic
Itaconic
Maleic
3-Methylglutaric
Af-Methylisatoic
Methyl-5-norbornene2,3-dicarboxylic
4-Methylphthalic
Methylsuccinic
1,8-Naphthalic
3-Nitro-1,8-naphthalic
4-Nitro-1,8-naphthalic
3-Nitrophthalic
4-Nitrophthalic
5 -Norbornene- endo2,3-dicarboxylic,
Boiling
point ( 0 C)
Melting
point ( 0 C)
CAS Registry
Number
MoI. wt.
C8H10O3
14166-21-3
154.17
146
C8H8O7
C9H8O6
6283-74-5
33524-89-9
216.15
212.16
131
154
C 4 Cl 2 O 3
C 8 H 2 Cl 2 O 3
C 8 H 2 Cl 2 O 3
C8H2F2O3
C4H4O4
C7H10O3
C6H6O3
C6H8O3
Ci 4 H 8 O 3
C 1 6 Hi 0 O 3
C16H26O3
C8H6O4
1122-17-4
4466-59-5
942-06-3
652-40-4
4480-83-5
2938-48-9
4160-82-1
766-39-2
17347-61-4
6050-13-1
4808-48-4
19780-11-1
6118-51-0
166.95
217.01
217.01
184.10
116.07
142.16
142.16
126.11
128.13
224.22
250.26
266.38
166.13
188
186
219
92
36
124
94
30
225
160
42
118(d)
C8H12O3
C 8 H 3 FO 3
C 8 H 3 FO 3
C 5 H 5 NO 4
C5H6C3
C 9 H 2 Cl 6 O 3
6970-57-6
652-39-1
319-03-9
33605-73-1
108-55-4
115-27-5
156.18
166.11
116.11
143.10
114.10
370.83
185/20
C5F6O3
C9H12O3
C9H6O3
C8H4O4
C 8 H 5 NO 3
C8H10O3
C5H4O3
C4H2O3
C6H8O3
C 9 H 7 NO 3
C10H10O3
376-68-1
19438-60-9
703-59-3
37418-88-5
118-48-9
18908-20-8
2170-03-8
108-31-6
4166-53-4
10328-92-4
25134-21-8
222.04
168.19
162.14
164.12
163.13
157.17
112.09
98.06
128.13
117.16
178.19
72
C9H6O3
C5H6O3
Ci 2 H 6 O 3
Ci 2 H 5 NO 5
C 1 2 H 5 NO 5
C 8 H 3 NO 5
C 8 H 3 NO 5
C9H8O3
19438-61-0
4100-80-5
81-84-5
3027-38-1
34087-02-0
641-70-3
5466-84-2
129-64-6
162.14
114.10
198.18
243.17
343.17
193.11
193.11
164.16
295
239
C22H38O3
C12H18O3
C5H4O3
26680-54-6
5617-74-3
350.55
210.27
112.08
251/4
168/10
100/5
C 3 H 3 NO 3
C11H10O3
C10H6O3
C18H10O3
2185-00-4
2959-96-8
36122-35-7
1985-37-1
101.06
190.20
176.16
247.28
C10H8O3
C8H4O3
C 1 3 H 9 NO 5
C7H10O4
C6H2N2O3
1131-15-3
85-44-9
3343-28-0
130221-78-2
4744-5O-7
176.17
148.12
259.22
158.16
150.09
Formula
CVHK)O3
240
175/60
181/25
223
219
180/5
159
79
145
56
237
146/14
114/12
202
181/25
141
200
233(d)
64
71
52
45
91
34
268
248(d)
228
164
118
166
CJS-
Octadecylsuccinic
2-Octen-1 -ylsuccinic
3-Oxabicyclo[3.1.0] hexane2,4-dione
2,5-Oxazolidenedione
2-Phenylglutaric
Phenylmaleic
1 -Phenyl-2,3-naphthalenedicarboxylic
Phenylsuccinic
Phthalic
N-Phthaloylglutamic
1 -Propenyloxymethylmaleic
Pyrazinedicarboxylic
218/13
191/12
284
62
10
60
120(d)
97
121
259
54
132
199
251
210(d)
Density
(at 20 0 C)
Refractive
index (at 2O0C)
Flash
point (0C)
RTECS
Number
ON4025000
1.135
108
177
Rand S
1.654
1.162
1.3240
1.4770
MA3850000
RB9080000
None
>110
TI3300000
DM3100000
103
>110
ON3675000
DM3140000
1.232
1.5060
1.220
>110
>110
RB9100000
QK5350000
QK5370000
TI3328000
DT5600000
1.055
1.000
FT-IR
Merck
1(1),1176A
1(1),716A
17,452
1(1),837F
1(1),839L
1(1),1179C
1(1),1174A
1(1),457D
18,162
17(4),6841
1(1),839B
1(2),1959B
1(2),1959C
1(2),1959A
1(1),841C
1(1),839G
1(1),839H
1(1),837K
1(1),835C
1(2),1959L
1(2),1957C
1(1),835K
1(1),837B
1(1),1183C
1(1),1184A
1(1),1181B
1(1),1175A
1(1),722A
l(l),720D
1(1),721A
1(1),719A
1(2),335B
1(1),1177A
1(1),1179A
1(1),717A
1(1),1184B
1(1),721B
19(2),181
1(1),839E
1(1),839C
1(1),1183A
1(1),1182C
l(l),720B
l(l),720A
1(1),839K
1(1),835I
1(2),1957E
1(2),1959F
1(2),1957F
1(1),835E
1(1),835J
1(1),837I
1(1),839F
1(2),1957G
l(l),835O
1(1),1184C
1(1),1176B
1(1),716B
1(2),1957M
1(1),835B
1(2),1959M
1(2),1961C
1(2),1961D
1(2),1959H
1(2),1959I
1(1),835M
1(2),1329B
17(1),231
17(5),11,259
18(11),5,548
17,411
11,2084
17(4),5814
1(2),331D
1(2),332A
1(1),1175B
1(1),1176C
l(l),1180C
1(1),1183B
1(1),1178C
1(2),1327B
1(1),1174C
1(1),716D
1(1),718C
l(l),720C
1(2),332B
1(1),718C
11,5586
1(1),715B
1(2),335C
1(2), 1330C
l(2),1330A
1(1),1177C
Fieser
17,434
5,195
17,483
17,483
17(5), 11,259
19,153
17,418
17,419
17,445
17,417
17,526
17,532
1(1),719D
1(2),1328B
1(2),1328C
1(2),1328A
1(2),334B
1(2),334C
1(1),717C
11,1801
17,489
18,94
27,264
17(4),5927
17,442
17,432
17,415
27,265
17(2),461
11,254
5,422
17,492
17,414
17,521
17,523
17,524
17,486
17,486
17(2),461
1,713
1.4694
>110
17,442
1(1),835F
l(l),907M
1(2),1957D
TI3150000
MA3900000
1.100
Beilstein
1(1),835H
1(1),839I
>110
FT-NMR
1.4610
1(2), 1957 J
l(2),2017M
27,245
17,494
17,510
1(2),331C
1(2),1327A
1(2)1391A
1(2),332D
11,7346
17,492
17,469
21(3),5370
>110
27,681
1,882
TABLE 9.
cont'd
Name
2,3-Pyridenedicarboxylic
3,4-Pyridinedicarboxylic
Succinic
4-Sulfo-1,8-naphthalic
Tetrabromophthalic
Tetrachlorophthalic
Tetrafluorophthalic
1,2,3,6-Tetrahydrophthalic, cis3,4,5,6-Tetrahydrophthalic
3,3-Tetramethy leneglutaric
Tetrapropenylsuccinic (isomers)
Trimellitic
2-(Triphenylphosphoranylidene)succinic
9.2.
TABLE 10.
699-98-9
4664-08-8
108-30-5
71501-16-1
632-79-1
117-08-8
652-12-0
935-79-5
2426-02-0
5662-95-3
26544-38-7
1204-28-0
906-65-0
149.11
149.11
100.07
316.34
463.72
285.90
220.08
152.15
152.15
168.19
266.38
210.57
360.35
C10H2O6
C17H6O7
89-32-7
2421-28-5
218.12
C12H8O6
1719-83-1
C16H6O6
2420-87-3
C8H4O6
C9H6O6
4415-87-6
6053-68-5
196.11
210.14
>300
225(d)
23911-26-4
23911-25-3
1107-00-2
357.32
256.22
444.25
183
190(d)
244
C14H4O6
81-30-1
268.18
>300
C24H8O6
C8H4O7
128-69-8
25774-69-0
392.32
212.11
>300
223
CAS Registry
Number
MoI. wt.
C 7 H 3 NO 3
C 7 H 3 NO 3
C4H4O3
C12H6O6S
C 8 Br 4 O 3
C 8 Cl 4 O 3
C8F4O3
C8H8O3
C8H8O3
C9H12O3
C16H26O3
C 9 H 3 ClO 4
C22H17O3P
126
371
186/15
150/3
138
76
119
275
256
95
98
72
65
67
167(d)
C14H19N3O8
C10H12N2O6
C19H6F6O6
397
283
220
322.23
>300
248.19
300
294.22
BUTADIENES
Name
Formula
Boiling
point ( 0 C)
Melting
point (0C)
1,2-BUTADIENES
1,2-Butadiene
- , 4-Bromo- , 4-Chloro- , 4-Hydroxy- , 4-Iodo- , 3-Methyl10.2.
Melting
point ( 0 C)
MoI. wt.
DIANHYDRIDES
Benzene-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylic
Benzophenone3 3 ',4,4'-tetracarboxylic
Bicyclo[2.2.2.]oct-7-ene2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic
Biphenylene-3,3',4,4'tetracarboxylic
Cyclobutanetetracarboxylic
Cyclopentane-1,2,3,4tetracarboxylic, cis,cisDiethylenetriaminepentaacetic
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic
4,4'-(HeXaSuOrOiSOPrOPyUdBnC)
diphthalic
Naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic
Pery lene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic
Tetrahydrofuran-2,3,4,5-tetracarboxylic
10.1.
Boiling
point ( 0 C)
CAS Registry
Number
Formula
H 2 C=C=CHCH 3
H 2 C=C=CHCH 2 Br
H 2 C=C=CHCH 2 Cl
H 2 C=C=CHCH 2 OH
H 2 C=C=CHCH 2 I
H 2 C=C=C(CH 3 ),
590-19-2
H 2 C=CHCH=CH 2
H 2 C=CBrCH=CH 2
HCCl=CHCH=CH 2
HCCl=C(CH 3 )CH=CH 2
HCC1=CHC(CH 3 )=CH 2
H 2 C=CClCH=CH 2
H 2 C=CC1C(CH 3 )=CH 2
106-99-0
598-25-4
54.09
133.00
88.54
70.09
179.99
68.12
11
110
88
127
130
41
54.09
133.00
88.54
102.57
102.57
88.54
102.57
122.98
122.98
-4
42/165
68
107
100
59
93
63/105
98
-136
-148
1,3-BUTADIENES
1,3-Butadiene
- , 2-Bromo- , 1-Chloro- , l-Chloro-2-methyl- , l-Chloro-3-Methyl- , 2-Chloro- , 2-Chloro-3-methyl- , 1,2-Dichloro- , 2,3-Dichloro-
HCCI=CCICH=CH2
H 2 C=CClCCl = CH 2
126-99-8
-109
Density
(at 2O0C)
Refractive
index (at 200 C)
Flash
point (0C)
RTECS
Number
WN0875000
TI3350000
TI3450000
GW5775000
1.005
1.4790
>110
WN1300000
DB9300000
162
QK3695000
Density
(at 2O0C)
Refractive
index (at 20 0 C)
0.652
1.4255
0.9891
0.9164
1.7129
0.694
1.4205/1.3
1.5248
1.4775
1.4759
1.5709
1.4190
0.650/- 6
1.397
0.961
0.9710
0.9543
0.9583
0.9593
1.1991
1.1829
1.4292/ - 2 5
1.4988
1.4709
1.4792
1.4719
1.4583
1.4686
1.4960
1.4890
Flash
point (0C)
RTECS
Number
R and S
1(2),2547K
1(2),2547L
1(1),835A
l(2),2203F
1(2),1959E
1(2),1959D
1(1),835L
1(1),837M
1(1),839J
1(2),1981E
FT-NMR
1(3),336A
1(3),336B
1(1),1174B
1(2),1329A
1(1),1177B
1(1),1182A
1(2),1353B
l(2),1680C
1(2),1959K
1(21),1957L
FT-IR
1(2),795B
1(1),715A
l(2),501D
1(2),333D
1(2),333C
11,8841
l(l),1180B
1(1),837G
l(l),1180A
1(1),841B
1(1),841A
1(2),1957N
1(1),1185A
1(2),1327C
1(1),717B
1(1),719B
1(1),721C
Fieser
27,261
27,261
17,407
4,468
1(2),351B
l(2),550D
19,196
1(1),716C
1(2),1961F
1(2),336B
1(2),1961G
1(2),336C
FT-NMR
Beilstein
17,485
17,484
15,300
17(5),ll,260
17,462
17,461
17,237
17(5),ll,105
1(2),335A
1(2),333B
1(1),837H
Rand S
Merck
FT-IR
19,196
Merck
Beilstein
1(4),975
-23
EI9275000
EI9625000
1(1),27B
1(1),35C
1(1),27D
1(1),36B
1,252
l(l),30C
11,1500
1,249
Fieser
TABLE 10.
cont'd
Name
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
Formula
2,3-Dimethyl2-FluoroHexachloroHexafluoro2-Iodo2-Methyl-
TABLE 11.
CAS Registry
Number
MoI. wt.
H 2 C=CHCH 2 CH 3
H 2 C=CHCH 2 CH 2 Br
H 2 C=C(CH 3 )CH(CH 3 ),
H 2 C=CHC(CH 3 ) 2 CH 3
H 2 C=C(CH 3 )CH 2 CH 3
H 2 C=CHCH 2 (CH 3 ) 2
106-98-9
5162-44-7
563-78-0
558-37-2
563-46-2
563-45-1
56.11
135.01
84.16
84.16
70.14
70.14
-6
99
56
41
31
20
-158
-115
-137
-168
CH 3 CH=CHCH 3
CH 3 CH=CHCH 3
H 2 C(OH)CH = CHCH 2 (OH)
(CH 3 ) 2 C = C(CH 3 ) 2
(CH 3 ) 2 C=CHCH 3
590-18-1
624-64-6
6117-80-2
563-79-1
513-35-9
56.11
56.11
88.11
84.16
70.14
4
1
131/12
73
36
-139
-105
7
-75
-134
CAS Registry
Number
MoL wt.
106-92-3
7144-65-2
2426-08-6
7665-72-7
3101-60-8
2212-05-7
286-20-4
286-62-4
285-67-6
3132-64-7
106-89-8
503-09-3
21490-63-1
2404-44-6
2855-19-8
7320-37-8
1436-34-6
3146-39-2
7390-81-0
4436-24-2
5455-98-1
3234-28-4
75-21-8
2461-15-6
5380-87-0
556-52-5
114.14
266.28
130.19
130.19
206.29
184.62
98.15
126.20
84.12
136.98
92.53
76.07
72.11
156.27
184.32
240.43
100.16
110.16
268.49
134.18
203.20
212.38
44.05
186.30
154.17
74.08
CCI2=CCICCI = CCI2
87-68-3
685-63-2
68
12
215
7
112
34
-76
-20
-132
-146
Boiling
point ( 0 C)
Melting
point (C)
1-BUTENES
-185
2-BUTENES
TABLE 12.
12.1.
Melting
point (0C)
78-79-5
513-81-5
Formula
2-Butene, cis2-Butene, trans1,4-Dihydroxy-, cis2,3-Dimethyl2-Methyl-
Name
Boiling
point (0C)
82.15
72.08
260.76
162.03
179.99
68.12
H 2 C=C(CH 3 )C(CHs)=CH 2
H 2 C=CFCH=CH 2
CF 2 =CFCF=CF 2
H 2 C=CICH=CH 2
H 2 C=C(CH 3 )CH=CH 2
1-Butene
- , 4-Bromo- , 2,3-Dimethyl- , 3,3-Dimethyl- , 2-Methyl- , 3-Methyl11.2.
MoI. wt.
BUTENES
Name
11.1.
CAS Registry
Number
EPOXIDES
Formula
Boiling
point ( 0 C)
Melting
point (0C)
MONOEPOXIDES CH 2 (-O-)CHR
Allylglycidyl ether
2-Biphenylyl glycidyl ether
n-Butyl glycidyl ether
r-Butyl glycidyl ether
4-f-Butylphenyl glycidyl ether
4-Chlorophenyl glycidyl ether
Cyclohexene oxide
Cyclooctene oxide
Cyclopentene oxide
Epibromohydrin
Epichlorohydrin
Epifluorohydrin
1,2-Epoxybutane, trans1,2-Epoxydecane
1,2-Epoxydodecane
1,2-Epoxyhexadecane
1,2-Epoxyhexane
2,3-Epoxynorbornane, exo1,2-Epoxyoctadecane
2,3-Epoxypropyl benzene
iV-(2,3-Epoxypropyl)phthalimide
1,2-Epoxytetradecane
Ethylene oxide
2-Ethylhexyl glycidyl ether
Furfuryl glycidyl ether
Glycidol
-CH 2 OCH 2 CH=CH 2

-CH 2 OC 6 H 4 C 6 H 5
-CH 2 O(CH 2 ) 3 CH 3
-CH 2 OC(CH 3 ) 3
-CH 2 OC 6 H 4 C(CHs) 3
-CH 2 OC 6 H 4 Cl
C6H10O
C8H14O
C5H8O
-CH 2 Br
-CH 2 Cl
-CH2F
CH 3 CH(-O-)CHCH 3
-(CH 2 ) 7 CH 3
-(CH 2 ) 9 CH 3
-(CH 2 ) 13 CH 3
-(CH 2 ) 3 CH 3
C7H10O
-(CH 2 ) 1 5 CH 3
-CH2C6H5
-CH 2 NC 8 H 4 O 2
-(CH 2 ) n CH 3
-H
-CH 2 OCH 2 CH(CH 2 CH 3 )(CH 2 ) 3 CH 3
-CH 2 OCH 2 C 4 H 3 O
-CH 2 OH
154
120/0.1
165
151
166/4
31
32
129
55/5
102
135
116
85
54
94/15
124/15
176/12
119
137/0.5
99/17
54
-40
-57
21
123
34
99
95/10.4
10.7
61/0.3
103/11
61/15
-111
Density
(at 200C)
0.726
0.843
1.665
1.553/-20
1.4220
Density
(at 200C)
Refractive
index (at 200C)
1.4390
1.400
1.5550
1.378/-20
1.5616
1.4220
Refractive
index (at 200C)
1.330
0.684
0.653
0.650
0.627/0
1.3962
1.4625
1.3890
1.3760
1.3780
1.3640
1.070
0.708
0.662
1.3931/-25
1.3848/-25
1.4780
1.4120
1.3870
Density
(at 20C)
Refractive
index (at 200C)
Flash
point (0C)
RTECS
Number
-22
1(1),32A
l(l),150A
l(l),102A
-54
NT4037000
1(1),27E
1(1),36C
l(l),30D
RTECS
Number
Rand S
FT-NMR
Flash
point (0C)
1(1),15C
1(1),97E
1(1),23I
1(1),23B
1(1),23G
1(1),23A
9
-18
-29
<-35
-57
37
126
-17
-46
Flash
point (0C)
EM4970000
RTECS
Number
RR0875000
0.910
0.917
1.038
0.970
1.4190
1.4170
1.5150
1.5450
1.4520
TX4200000
RR0475000
TX4250000
TX5600000
RN7175000
0.964
1.601
1.183
1.067
0.804
0.840
0.844
0.846
0.831
1.4340
1.4820
1.4380
1.3680
1.3730
1.4290
1.4360
1.4460
1.4060
56
43
102
107
27
56
10
56
34
4
-27
78
105
93
16
10
>110
82
1.4408
1.3597/7
1.4340
1.4810
1.4330
1(1),37A
l(l),105H
57
0.845
0.891/4
0.891
1.122
1.117
1(1),27F
FT-IR
EJ0700000
1.4330
1.5230
FT-NMR
None
0.962
1.020
R and S
RN8935000
TX4115000
TX4900000
TZ3325000
EK3855000
JR2450000
ML9450000
MO3630000
RB7176000
DA0178000
TI4950000
>110
97
102
81
KX2450000
TZ33OOOOO
LU1423000
UB4375000
1(1),19A
1(1),19B
1(1),153A
1(1),25H
1(1),25D
Rand S
1(1),251C
1(1),1253D
1(1),249K
1(1),251A
1(1),1253A
1(1),1253B
1(1),251L
1(1),251M
1(1),251K
1(1),247L
1(1),247I
1(1),247H
1(1),245F
1(1),245J
1(1),245K
1(1),247A
1(1),245H
1(1),253D
1(1),247B
1(1),1251D
l(2),2083B
1(1),245L
1(1),245A
1(1), 251B
1 (2),2319J
1(1),249B
FT-IR
Merck
11,3228
11,5087
Merck
11,1513
1(1),136C
1(1),31B
1(1),29B
l(l),30C
1(1),29A
1(1),221A
1(1),35B
1(1),34A
FT-NMR
1(1),374A
1(2),225A
1(1),373A
1(1),373B
1(2),224A
1(2),224B
1(1),376C
1(1),377A
1(1),376B
l(l),370B
1(1),369B
1(1),369A
1(1),364C
1(1),365C
1(1),366A
1(1),366C
1(1),378B
1(1),367A
l(2),220C
1(2),1461C
1(1),366B
1(1),373C
1(3),17C
l(l),370C
Beilstein
Fieser
1(3),991
1,276
1,250
10,195
1,252
Beilstein
Fieser
1(1),94B
1(1),22A
1(1),25B
1(1),21B
1(1),21C
1,203
1(D,84
1(3),816
1,217
1,211
1,213
1,205
1,205
1(1),146C
1(1),25A
1(1),21D'
11,1514
11,1514
1(2),567
1,218
1,211
Beilstein
Fieser
FT-IR
11,644
11,644
Merck
1(1),233D
l(l),1065C
1(1),232C
l(l),1065B
l(l),1064E)
1(1),235A
1(1),235B
1(1),234D
1(1),232A
1(1),231D
11,3563
1(1),231C
1(1),229B
l(l),230A
l(l),230B
l(l),230D
1(1),229A
1(1),235D
1(1),231B
l(2),408A
l(2),230C
17(3),988
17(3),988
17,21
17,21
17,21
17,6
17(3),49
17,18
17(3),136
17,20
17,86
17(3), 140
17,51
11,3758
17(3), 139
17,4
11,4385
17(5),347
17,104
1(1),232D
1(1),232B
5,290
8,150
TABLE 12.
cont'd
Name
Formula
3-Glycidoxypropyl trimethoxy- -CH 2 O(CH 2 )SSi(OCHs) 3

silane
(R)-(-)-Glycidyl Butyrate
-CH 2 OC(O)CH 2 CH 2 CH 3
Glycidyl isopropyl ether
-CH 2 OCH(CH 3 ) 2
Glycidyl methacrylate (see Methacrylates)
GIy cidy ltrimethy lammonium
-CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 3 C1
chloride, (70% aq. solution)
Hexafluoropropylene oxide
F 2 C(-O-)CFCF 3
4-Methoxyphenyl glycidyl ether -CH 2 OC 6 H 4 OCH 3
a-Pinene oxide
CioHÔ
Propylene oxide
-CH3
Styrene oxide
-C6Hs
Tetracyanoethylene oxide
(NC) 2 C(-O-)C(CN) 2
1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethyl glycidyl -CH 2 OCF 2 CHF 2
ether
Vinylethylene oxide
-CH=CH 2
CAS Registry
Number
MoI. wt.
Boiling
point (0C)
2530-83-8
236.34
120/2
60456-26-0
4016-14-2
144.17
116.16
90/19
131
3033-77-0
151.54
428-59-1
2211-94-1
1686-14-2
75-56-9
96-09-3
3189-43-3
85567-21-1
166.02
180.20
152.24
58.08
120.15
144.09
174.10
102/50
34
194
930-22-3
70.09
65
3130-19-6
366.46
1464-53-5
2425-79-8
27035-39-8
2426-07-5
2386-87-0
86.09
202.25
140.18
142.20
252.31
57/25
158/11
70/0.4
240
2224-15-9
174.20
112/4.5
CAS Registry
Number
MoI. wt.
Boiling
point ( 0 C)
28.05
106.96
62.50
84.48
116.47
185.86
-104
16/750
-13.4
-24
-29
92
Melting
point (0C)
-42
46
-112
-37
143
12.2. DIEPOXIDES CH2(-O-)CHRCH(-O-)CH2

Bis(3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl) C 6 H9(-O-)CH 2 OC(O)(CH 2 )4C(O)OCH 2 C 6 H9(-O-)
adipate
1,3-Butadiene diepoxide
CH 2 (-O-)CHCH(-O-)CH 2
1,4-Butanediol diglycidol ether -CH 2 O(CH 2 ) 4 OCH 2 1,2,5,6-Diepoxycyclooctane
CgHi 2 O 2
1,2,7,8-Diepoxyoctane
-(CH2)43,4-Epoxycyclohexylmethyl
C 6 H9(-O-)CH 2 OC(O)C 6 H 9 (-O-)
3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate
Ethylene glycol digycidyl ether -CH 2 O(CH 2 ) 2 OCH 2 -
TABLE 13.
-37
ETHYLENE HALIDES
Name
Ethylene
- , Bromo- (vinyl bromide)
- , Chloro- (vinyl chloride)
- , 1-Chloro-1-fluoro- , Chlorotrifluoro- , 1,1-Dibromo- (vinylidene
bromide)
- , 1,2-Dibromo-, cis1,2-Dibromo-, trans- , 1,1-Dichloro- (vinylidene
chloride)
- , 1,2-Dichloro-, cis- , 1,2-Dichloro-, trans- , Tetrabromo- , Tetrachloro- , Tetrafluoro- , Tetraiodo- , Tribromo- , Trichloro-
Formula
H 2 C=CH 2
BrCH=CH 2
ClCH=CH 2
ClCF=CH 2
ClCF=CF 2
Br 2 C=CH 2
BrCH=CHBr
BrCH=CHBr
Cl 2 C=CH 2
ClCH=CHCl
ClCH=CHCl
Br 2 C=CBr 2
Cl 2 C=CCl 2
F 2 C=CF 2
I 2 C=CI 2
Br 2 C=CHBr
Cl 2 C=CHCl
74-85-1
593-60-2
75-01-4
79-38-9
75-35-4
156-59-2
156-60-5
127-18-4
116-14-3
513-92-8
79-01-6
Melting
point (0C)
-169
-139
-154
-169
-157
185.86
185.86
96.94
112
108
31
-53
-6
-122
96.94
96.94
343.66
165.83
100.02
531.64
264.76
131.39
60
48
226
121
-76
-80
-50
56
-22
-142
192
163
87
-85
Density
(at 20 0 C)
Refractive
index (at 20 0 C)
Flash
point ( 0 C)
RTECS
Number
Rand S
FT-NMR
FT-IR
1.070
1.4290
>110
VV4025000
1(2),2973B
1(3),667C
1(2),1113D
1.018
0.924
1.4280
1.4100
85
33
TZ35OOOOO
1(1),781E
1(1),249J
l(l),1088B
1(1),372C
l(3),306A
1.129
1.4780
> 110
BQ3480000
0.964
0.830
1.054
1.4690
1.3660
1.5350
>110
66
-35
79
TZ3400000
DA0176000
TK4565000
TZ2975000
CZ9625000
1.380
1.3490
51
0.870
1.4170
-50
EM7350000
1.149
1.4930
> 110
MO 1880550
1.113
1.100
1.138
0.997
1.170
1.4340
1.4610
1.4690
1.4450
1.4980
46
>110
105
98
118
1.118
1.4630
> 110
Density
(at 20 0 C)
Refractive
index (at 20 0 C)
1.517
0.911
1.4350
1.3700
Flash
point ( 0 C)
None
- 61
Merck
Beilstein
Fieser
17(5),3,34
17(3),988
18,583
1(1),616B
1(1),249A
1(1),1253C
1(1),253B
1(1),245B
1(1),1251A
l(l),1003F
1(2),224C
1(1),377C
1(1),363B
1(2),219C
1(1),1376C
l(l),1065A
1(1),237A
1(1),228B
l(l),1063C
1(1),247D
1(1),367C
1(1),233A
EJ8400000
EJ5100000
GX9627000
RG9450000
RN7750000
1(1),251E
1(1),251I
1(1),253E
1(1),251F
1(1),374B
1(1),375C
1(1),378C
1(1),374C
1(1),234A
1(1),234C
1(1),235C
1(1),234B
KH5780000
1(1),251G
1(1),375A
RTECS
Number
Rand S
KU5340000
KU8400000
KU9625000
1(1),15A
1(1),95B
1(1),95A
KV0525000
l(l),103I
17(3),20
FT-NMR
1(3),17C
1(1),133A
11,7869
5,152
17,6
17,49
18(5),7,215
17(1),13
11,3621
4,53
19,14
17(3),997
FT-IR
Merck
11,3748
1(1),93A
11,9898
Beilstein
1,180
1,188
1,186
Fieser
1,1274
1(3),646
2.178
2.2464
2.2308
1.213
1.5428
1.550
1.4254
-9
KV9275000
l(l),101B
1(1),142B
1(1),98B
11,9900
1,186
1.284
1.257
1.4481
1.4456
6
6
KV9420000
KV9400000
l(l),101D
l(l),101E
1(1),143A
1(1),134B
1(1),98A
1(1),79D
11,86
11,86
1,188
1,188
1.623
1.1507/- 40
2.983
2.708
1.463
1.5060
KX3850000
l(l),103J
11,9126
1,187
11,9151
1,195
11,9552
1,187
None
1.6045/16
1.4760
None
KX4125000
l(l),103K
KX4550000
l(l),103G
l(l),101C
1(1),147C
l(l),101B
14,127
12,175
11,552
TABLE 14.
FUMARATE ACIDS/ESTERS
Formula ROC(O)CH=CHC(O)OR
Name
CAS Registry
Number
Acid
2-Bromo2-Chloro2-Chloro-, diethyl ester
2-Chloro-, dimethyl ester
Di-n-amyl ester
Diethyl ester
Diisoamyl ester
Diisobutyl ester
Diisopropyl ester
2,3-DimethylDimethyl ester
Dinitrile- (fumaronitrile)
Diphenyl ester
Di-/z-propyl ester
2-Methyl- (mesaconic acid)
2-Methyl-, diethyl ester
-H
HOC(O)CBr=CHC(O)OH
HOC(O)CCl=CHC(O)OH
CH3CH2OC(O)CCI=CHC(O)OCH2CH3
CH3OC(O)CCI=CHC(O)OCH3
-(CH 2 ) 4 CH 3
-CH 2 CH 3
-CH 2 CH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2
-CH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2
-CH(CH 3 ) 2
HOC(O)C(CH3)=C(CH3)C(O)OH
-CH 3
NCCH=CHCN
-C6H5
-CH 2 CH 2 CH 3
HOC(O)C(CH3) = CHC(O)OH
CH3CH2OC(O)C(CH3)=CHC(O)CH2CH3
2-Methyl-, dimethyl ester
CH3OC(O)C(CH3)=CHC(O)OCH3
TABLE 15.
623-91-6
624-49-7
764-42-1
498-24-8
116.07
194.98
150.52
206.63
178.57
256.33
172.18
256.33
228.29
200.24
144.13
144.13
78.07
268.27
200.24
130.10
Boiling
point (0C)
200(d)
136/19
224
162/7
217
166/11
170/160
226
192
186
219/14
110/5
205(d)
186.21
158.16
Melting
point (0C)
299(s)
186
193
241
103
96
162
204
229
204
ISOCYANATES
Formula OCNRNCO
Name
110-17-8
MoI. wt.
1,3-Benzene diisocyanate
-C6H41,4-Benzene diisocyanate
-C6H41,3-Bis(isopropyl)benzene
-C(CH 3 ) 2 C 6 H 4 C(CH 3 ) 2 a,oc'-diisocyanate
1,4-Bis(isopropyl)benzene
-C(CH 3 ) 2 C 6 H 4 C(CH 3 ) 2 a,a'-diisocyanate
1,4-Butene diisocyanate
-(CH2)4a-Chlorotoluene
-C 6 H 3 (CH 2 Cl)2,4-diisocyanate
1,4-Cyclohexylene diisocyanate, - C 6 H 1 0 trans1,12-Dodecane diisocyanate
-(CH 2 ) 1 2 1,6-Hexane diisocyanate
-(CH 2 ) 6 Isopherone diisocyanate
-C 1 0 H 1 S(isomers)
/
4,4 -Methylenebis(cyclohexyl
-(C 6 H 1 0 )CH 2 (C 6 H 1 0 )isocyanate) (isomers)
4,4'-Methylenebis(2,6-di-C 6 H 2 (CH 2 CH 3 ) 2 CH 2 C 6 H 2 (CH 2 CH 3 ) 2 ethylphenyl
isocyanate)
4,4/-Methylenebis(phenyliso-C6H4CH2C6H4cyanate)
2-Methylpentane 1,5-diisocyanate-CH2CH(CH3)(CH2)3 1,8-Octane diisocyanate
-(CH 2 )g2,4-Toluene diisocyanate
-C 6 H 3 (CH 3 )-
CAS
Registry
Number
MoI. wt.
Boiling
point (0C)
Melting
point (0C)
123-61-5
104-49-4
2778-42-9
160.13
160.13
244.30
121/25
260
157/10
2778-41-8
244.30
150/3
4538-37-8
51979-57-8
140.14
208.60
102/14
153/11
72
7517-76-2
166.18
13879-35-1
822-06-0
4098-71-9
252.36
168.20
222.29
168/3
255
158/15
60
5124-30-1
262.35
105442-35-1
362.48
101-68-8
250.26
200/5
43
34813-62-2
10124-86-4
584-84-9
168.20
196.25
174.16
156/15
120/10
21
50
98
-10
56
Density
(at 20 0 C)
Refractive
index (at 20 0 C)
1.1880
1.290
0.9681
1.052
0.9655
0.9760
1.4571
0.9416
1.4349
1.0129
1.466
1.4439
Density
(at 20 0 C)
1.4496
1.4410
1.4479
1.4432
Flash
point ( 0 C)
94
1.0453
1.4488
1.0914
1.4512
Refractive
index (at 20 0 C)
Flash
point (0C)
>110
>110
153
1.05
RTECS
Number
R and S
LS9625000
1(1),553A
1(1),787B
l(l),502D
EM5950000
1(1),725M
1(1),993C
1(1),645A
2,742
EM6125000
LT2300000
1(1),725L
1(1),993A
1(1),993B
l(l),1360B
1(1),644D
1(1),844A
2,741
2(l),302
OX5075000
1(1),553C
1(1),788A
l(l),503B
RTECS
Number
Rand S
NR0150000
CZ6150000
CY8480000
FT-NMR
FT-NMR
FT-IR
FT-IR
Merck
11,4200
11,5806
Merck
Beilstein
Fieser
2,737
5,319
2,763
Beilstein
Fieser
13,50
13,105
1(2),2165G
1(2),2165H
>93
1.105
1.362
1.5960
106
>110
l(l),1023F
1(2),2169H
l(l),1404B
1(2),1572A
4(3),578
13(4),245
GU9642500
l(l),1025A
l(l),1406A
13(3),12
l(l),1405A
l(l),1404C
l(l),1405C
4(3),624
4(2),711
1(3),1432D
0.940
1.040
1.049
1.4590
1.4520
1.4840
>110
140
>110
MO1740000
NQ9370000
l(l),1023H
l(l),1023G
l(l),1023J
1.066
1.4970
>110
NQ9250000
l(l),1025B
1(2),2169K
1.180
1.049
1.007
1.214
>110
1.4550
1.4550
1.5680
>110
> 110
> 110
NQ9350000
1(2),1572C
1(1),871A
1(2),2163D
l(l),1023I
CZ630000
13(4),33
13(3),461
l(l),1405B
1(2),2169F
11,9456
1(2),478B
4(3),614
13,138
1,117
TABLE 16.
LACTAMS
Name
Formula
y-Butyrolactam (2-pyrrolidinone)
s-Caprolactam
12-Dodecanolactam
7-Heptanolactam
P-Propiolactam
5-Valerolactam
-C(O)(CH 2 ) 3 NH-C(O)(CH 2 ) 5 NH-C(O)(CH 2 ) n N H -C(O)(CH 2 ) 6 NH-C(O)CH 2 CH 2 NH-C(O)(CH 2 ) 4 NH-
TABLE 17.
Formula
y-Butyrolactone
8-Caprolactone
p-Propiolactone
5-Valerolactone
-C(O)(CH 2 )Ô-C(O)(CH 2 ) 5 O-C(O)(CH 2 ) 2 O-C(O)(CH 2 ) 4 O-
616-45-5
105-60-2
947-04-6
673-66-5
930-21-2
675-20-7
85.11
113.16
197.32
127.19
71.08
99.13
CAS Registry
Number
MoI. wt.
Boiling
point (0C)
96-48-0
502-44-3
57-57-8
542-28-9
86.09
114.14
72.06
100.12
204
97/15
162
59/0.5
MoI. wt.
Boiling
point (C)
245
137/10
149/10
106/15
256
Melting
point (0C)
24
69
151
36
75
39
Melting
point (0C)
-45
-33
MALEATE ACIDS/ESTERS
Formula ROC(O)CH=CHC(O)OR
Name
Acid
2-Chloro2-Chloro-, diethyl ester
2-Chloro-, dimethyl ester
Diallyl ester
Di-n-amyl ester
Di--butyl ester
2,3-DichloroDiethyl ester
2,3-DihydroxyDiisoamyl ester
Dimethyl ester
Diphenyl ester
Di-n-propyl ester
2-Methyl-, cis- (citraconic acid)
2-Methyl-, diethyl ester, cis2-Methyl-, dimethyl ester, cis-
TABLE 19.
MoI. wt.
LACTONES
Name
TABLE 18.
Boiling
point (0C)
CAS Registry
Number
-H
HOC(O)CCl=CHC(O)OH
CH3CH2OC(O)CCI=CHC(O)OCH2CH3
CH3OC(O)CCI=CHC(O)OCH3
-CH 2 CH=CH 2
-(CH 2 ) 4 CH 3
-(CH 2 ) 3 CH 3
HOC(O)CC1=CC1C(O)OH
-CH 2 CH 3
HOC(O)C(OH)=C(OH)C(O)OH
-CH 2 CH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2
-CH 3
-C6H5
-CH 2 CH 2 CH 3
HOC(O)C(CH3 )=CHC(O)OH
CH3CH2OC(O)C(CH3)=CHC(O)OCH2CH3
CH3OC(O)C(CH3)=CHC(O)OCH3
CAS
Registry
Number
110-16-7
999-21-3
105-76-0
141-05-9
624-48-6
498-23-7
116.07
150.52
206.63
178.57
196.20
256.33
228.29
184.97
172.18
148.07
156.33
144.13
268.27
200.24
130.10
186.21
Melting
point (0C)
141
110
235
107
110/4
161/10
281
-47
225
120
-10
155
157/13
204
226/15
126/12
93
90
230
158.16
211
PROPENES
Name
Propene
- , 1-Bromo-, cis- , 1-Bromo-, trans- , 2-Bromo- , 1-Chloro-, cis- , 1-Chloro-, trans- , 2-Chloro- , l-Chloro-2-methyl(isocrotyl chloride)
- , 3-Chloro-2-methyl(methallyl chloride)
- , 1,1-Dichloro-
Formula
CAS Registry
Number
MoI. wt.
Boiling
point (0C)
Melting
point (0C)
-48
58
64
48
33
37
22.5
68
-185
557-98-2
513-37-1
42.08
120.98
120.98
120.98
76.53
76.53
76.53
90.55
H 2 C=C(CH 3 )CH 2 Cl
563-47-3
90.55
71
-80
Cl 2 C=CHCH 3
563-58-6
110.97
76
H 2 C=CHCH 3
BrCH=CHCH3
BrCH=CHCH3
H 2 C=CBrCH 3
ClCH=CHCH3
ClCH=CHCH3
H 2 C=CClCH 3
C1CH=C(CH3)2
115-07-1
590-13-6
590-15-8
557-93-7
-125
-135
-99
-139
Density
(at 2O0C)
1.120
Density
(at 200C)
1.120
1.030
1.146
1.079
Density
(at 200C)
Refractive
index (at 2O0C)
1.4870
Refractive
index (at 200 C)
1.4360
1.4630
1.4120
1.4580
Refractive
index (at 2O0C)
Flash
point (0C)
>110
RTECS
Number
Rand S
>110
UY5715000
CM3675000
CL6940000
CN4810000
> 110
TO0110000
1(1),923B
1(1),927G
1(1),929A
1(1),927M
1(1),923A
1(1),927E
RTECS
Number
Rand S
Flash
point (0C)
98
109
70
100
Flash
point (0C)
1.590
LU3500000
MO8400000
RQ7350000
l(l),803J
1(1),819E
l(l),803A
1(1),815A
FT-NMR
1(1),1285B
1(1),1293B
1(1),1296A
1(1),1295B
1(1),1285A
1(1),1292C
FT-NMR
FT-IR
1(1),788D
1(1),792B
1(1),794A
1(1),793C
Merck
11,8027
11,1762
1(1),1127A
1(1),1161C
1(1),697D
1(1),699B
1(1),1152A
l(l),704D
Merck
11,1596
11,7832
RTECS
Number
Rand S
OM9625000
l(l),5510
1(1),787A
FT-NMR
FT-IR
l(l),503A
21,236
21(2),216
Merck
11,5585
Beilstein
17,234
17(2),290
17(l),130
17,235
Beilstein
Fieser
1,101
1,957
Fieser
2,748
1.1741
1.277
1.073
0.9741
0.988
1.4690
1.4475
1.4452
>110
ON0700000
1(1),725K
1(1),993A
2(3), 1926
>110
ON0875000
1(1),725J
1(1),992C
2(3),1925
1.064
1.4410
93
ON1225000
1(1),725I
1(1),992B
0.9714
1.152
1.4459
1.4410
1.0245
1.4433
1.0491
1.4468
1.9491
1(1),644C
Fieser
21,242
21(3),3141
21,238
1(1),791D
FT-IR
Beilstein
11,3113
2,751
91
EM6300000
1(1),725H
1(1),992A
1(1),644B
2,751
GE6650000
Density
(at 2O0C)
Refractive
index (at 2O0C)
1(1),553B
1(1),787C
l(l),503C
11,2323
2,768
1.4473
Flash
point (0C)
RTECS
Number
R and S
FT-NMR
FT-IR
Merck
11,7862
Beilstein
1,196
l(3),710
1(4),754
1,200
1(1),15B
1(1),95F
1(1),95C
1(1),95H
1(1),134C
1(1),96B
UC7200000
UC8045000
1(1),95D
1(1),97I
1(1),133B
1(1),137C
1(1),96A
1(1),97A
11,2147
1,198
1,209
-12
UC8050000
1(1),97J
1(1),138A
1(1),96D
11,2148
1,209
UC8290000
l(l),101G
1(1),144A
1(3),138D
1.423
1.408
1.362
0.9347
0.9351
0.899
0.920
1.4545
1.4530
1.436
1.4055
1.4054
1.3939
1.4225
-34
-15
4
-34
-1
0.917
1.4278
1.169
1.4450
UC6740000
UC7085000
1(1),134A
1,199
Fieser
4,236
TABLE 19.
cont'd
Name
Formula
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
-,
CICH=CClCH 3
F 2 C=CFCF 3
H 2 C=C(CH 3 ) 2
Cl 2 C=CClCH 3
Cl 2 C=CHCH 2 Cl
1,2-DichloroHexafluoro2-Methyl- (isobutylene)
1,1,2-Trichloro1,1,3-Trichloro1,2,3-Trichloro3,3,3-Trichloro-
TABLE 20.
CAS Registry
Number
116-15-4
115-11-7
CICH=CCICH2CI
H 2 C=CHCCl 3
MoI. wt.
Boiling
point (0C)
110.97
150.02
56.11
145.42
145.42
145.42
145.42
77
-28
-7
118
131
142
114
MoI. wt.
Boiling
point (0C)
Melting
point (0C)
-153
-140
STYRENES
Formula CH 2 =CHR
Name
Styrene
- , 4-Acetoxy- , 2-Amino- , 4-Amino- , 4-Benzyloxy-3-methoxy- , 3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)a-Bromop-Bromo- , 2-Bromo- , 3-Bromo- , 4-Bromo- , 4-terf-Butyl- , 4-Carboxya-Chloro(3-Chloro- , 2-Chloro- , 3-Chloro
- , 3-Chloromethyl
(3-vinylbenzyl chloride)
- , 4-Chloro- , 4-Chloromethyl- , 4-Chloro-a-Methyl- , 2-Cyano- , 3-Cyano
- , 4-Cyano- , 2,5-Dichloro- , 2,6-Dichloro- , 3,4-Dichloro- , a,p-Difluoro- , 1,2-Difluoro- , 2,6-Difluoro- , 1,3-Diisopropenyl benzene
- , 3,4-Dimethoxy- , a,2-dimethyl- , 2,4-Dimethyl- , 2,5-Dimethyl- , Divinyl-, (isomers)
- , 4-Ethoxy- , 2-Ethyl- , 4-Ethyl- , 3-Iodo- , 2-Fluoro- , 3-Fluoro- , 4-Fluoro- , 2-Hydroxy- , 3-Hydroxy- , 4-Hydroxy- , 4-Isopropyl-
R
-C6H5
-C 6 H 4 OC(O)CH 3
-C6H4NH2
-C6H4NH2
-C 6 H 3 (OCH 3 )OCH 2 C 6 H 5
-C 6 H 4 (CF 3 ) 2
H 2 C=CBrC 6 H 5
HCBr=CHC 6 H 5
-C 6 H 4 Br
-C 6 H 4 Br
-C6H4Br
-C 6 H 4 C(CH 3 ),
-C6H4CO2H
H 2 C=CClC 6 H 5
HCCl=CHC 6 H 5
-C 6 H 4 Cl
-C 6 H 4 Cl
-C 6 H 4 CH 2 Cl
-C 6 H 4 Cl
-C 6 H 4 CH 2 Cl
H 2 C=C(CH 3 )C 6 H 4 Cl
-C6H4CN
-C 6 H 4 CN
-C 6 H 4 CN
-C6H3Cl2
-C6H3Cl2
-C6H3Cl2
HCF=CFC 6 H 5
-C6H3F2
-C6H3F2
C 6 H 4 (C(CH 3 )=CH 2 ) 2
-C6H3(OCH3),
H 2 C=C(CH 3 )C 6 H 4 CH 3
-C6H3(CH3),
-C6H3(CH3),
C 6 H 4 (CH=CH 2 ) 2
-C 6 H 4 OCH 2 CH 3
-C 6 H 4 CH 2 CH 3
-C 6 H 4 CH 2 CH 3
-C6H4I
-C6H4F
-C6H4F
-C6H4F
-C6H4OH
-C6H4OH
-C 6 H 4 OH
-C 6 H 4 CH(CH 3 ),
CAS
Registry
Number
100-42-5
2628-16-2
3867-18-3
1520-21-4
55708-65-1
349-59-7
98-81-7
103-64-0
2039-88-5
2039-86-3
2039-82-9
1746-23-2
1075-49-6
2039-87-4
2039-85-2
57458-41-0
1073-67-2
1592-20-7
1712-70-5
5338-96-5
3435-51-6
1123-84-8
28469-92-3
2039-83-0
366-37-0
3748-13-8
6380-23-0
26444-18-8
2234-20-0
2039-89-6
1321-74-0
5459-40-5
7564-63-8
3454-07-7
394-46-7
350-51-6
405-99-2
2055-40-5
104.15
162.19
119.18
119.18
240.30
240.15
183.05
183.05
183.05
183.05
183.05
160.26
148.16
138.60
138.60
138.60
138.60
152.62
145
260
104/8
249
51
60/20
69/4
111/20
210
74/3
212
219
138.60
152.62
152.62
129.16
129.16
129.16
173.04
173.04
173.04
140.03
140.03
140.03
158.25
164.20
132.21
132.21
132.21
130.19
148.21
132.21
132.21
233.05
122.14
122.14
122.14
120.15
120.15
120.15
146.22
192
229
199
199
188
62/6
229
53/0.15
83/2.6
92/3
74/3
88/8
76/3
88/60
90/45
59/51
231
120/10
54/11
70/11
71/10
59/1
191
193
67/15
30/4
30/14
108/15
115
204
Melting
point (0C)
-30
7
23
7
-44
7
-53
4.5
-37
143
-23
-63
-16
-15
-64
-35
-127
-50
73
29
73.5
-45
Density
(at 20 0 C)
1.1818
1.382
1.403
1.414
1.369
Density
(at 20 0 C)
0.9059
1.060
1.608
1.014
Refractive
index (at 20 0 C)
1.4827
1.4950
1.5020
1.4827
Refractive
index (at 2O0C)
1.5470
1.5380
R and S
UD0350000
UD0890000
l(l),105A
1(1),23F
UD1928500
l(l),103H
RTECS
Number
R and S
WL3675000
SL3784000
1(1),1139A
1(2),1927F
1(2),23A
1(2),1287C
1(1),945B
1(1),1237M
1(1),1213A
l(l),1203F
l(l),1203H
l(l),1203L
l(l),1205D
l(l),1205H
1(2),197C
1(2),155A
l(l),1053A
1(2),136C
1(2),138A
1(2),139C
1(2),141A
l(l),1017B
l(l),1018A
1(3),195B
l(l),1019C
1(2),1789D
l(2),1076A
1(2),194D
l(l),1203K
l(l),1205C
1(2),137C
1(2),139B
l(l),1017D
l(l),1018C
l(l),1205F
1(2), 140B
l(l),1019B
l(l),1205G
1(2), 140C
l(l),1018D
l(l),1205J
1(2),141C
l(l),1019D
1(1X12051
1(1),1139L
1(1),1243D
1(2),141B
1(2),26B
l(2),208C
1(1),947C
l(l),1053D
1(1),1141D
1(1),1141E
1(1),1141B
1(1), 1243 A
1(2),27C
1(2),28A
l(l),1203J
l(l),1205B
l(l),1205E
1(2),137B
1(2), 139 A
1(2), 140A
FT-NMR
FT-IR
48
Flash
PQint ( 0 C)
31
87
1(3),143C
1(3),28B
1(1),148A
Merck
FT-NMR
1.1016/18
1.1095/15
1.080
1.090
1.074
1.5612
1.5648
1.5648
1.5613
1.155
1.083
1.065
1.5662
1.5740
1.5550
1.5756
1.5630
1.575
1.5740
11,5024
1(3),142A
FT-IR
Beilstein
l(3),707
Merck
11,8830
Beilstein
5,474
6(3),2387
>110
122
87
102
85
67
75
80
58
62
105
WL3840000
WL385OOOO
WL4160000
60
104
74
5(4), 1386
5,477
5,477
5(3X1176
5(3),1176
5(2),367
5(3X1254
9(3),2755
5(2),367
104
71
1.5061
1.130
0.925
1.109
0.894
0.906
0.904
0.914
0.990
0.8955
0.8925
Fieser
1(3),697
1,207
12,1187
1.6267
1.4250
1.5880
1.6070
1.5927
1.5891
1.5940
1.5260
1.267
RTECS
Number
1.4471
1.334
1.410
1.427
1.460
1.406
1.400
0.875
1.083
Flash
point ( 0 C)
1.025
1.025
1.024
1.0609/18
1.0468/35
1.4990
1.5570
1.5710
1.5150
1.5390
1.5391
1.5470
1.5498
1.5351
1.5376
1.6390
1.5200
1.5175
1.5156
1.5783/27
1.5804/31
0.885
1.5289
30
91
>110
43
60
63
64
87
35
29
26
CY8535OOO
WL4450000
WL4460000
CZ9370000
6,954
5,491
5,491
1(3),984B
l(l),1081B
l(l),1019A
6,561
5(3),1171
5(3),1171
Fieser
TABLE 20.
cont'd
Formula CH 2 =CHR
R
Name
- , 2-Methoxy- , 3-Methoxy- , 4-Methoxy- , 2-Methoxy-4-hydroxya-Methyl- , 2-Methyl- , 3-Methyl- , 4-Methyl- , P-Nitro- , 2-Nitro- , 3-Nitro- , 4-Nitro- , Pentabromo- , Pentafluoro- , 4-Phenoxy- , 4-Phenyl- , 4-Sulfonic acid, sodium salt
- , 2-Trifluoromethyl- , 3-Trifluoromethyl- , 4-Trifluoromethyl- , 2,4,6-Trimethyl-
TABLE 21.
Boiling
point (0C)
Melting
point (0C)
61.3
144/2
204
224
167
171
170
172
250
29
586-39-0
100-13-0
53097-59-9
653-34-9
4973-29-9
2350-89-2
2695-37-6
395-45-9
402-24-4
402-50-6
769-25-5
134.18
134.18
134.18
150.18
118.18
118.18
118.18
118.18
149.15
149.15
149.15
149.15
498.66
194.10
196.25
180.25
206.20
172.15
172.15
172.15
146.24
Formula
CAS Registry
Number
MoI. wt.
Boiling
point (0C)
Melting
point (0C)
-CI4HQ
2444-68-0
204.27
62/10
65
-C10H7
-C5H4N
-C5H4N
-C5H4N
-C9H6N
827-54-3
100-69-6
1121-55-7
100-43-6
772-03-2
154.21
105.14
105.14
105.14
155.20
80/29
68/15
63/15
71/0.5
108-05-4
86.09
72
56860-96-9
769-78-8
5309-70-6
15484-80-7
123-20-6
872-36-6
2549-51-1
15721-27-4
5130-24-5
3098-92-8
14861-06-4
4704-31-8
2146-71-6
94-04-2
692-45-5
1917-10-8
693-38-9
3050-69-9
212.25
148.16
165.0
204.27
114.14
86.05
120.54
182.61
106.51
174.20
112.13
198.31
226.36
170.25
72.06
138.12
282.47
142.20
168.15
135/9
203
50/10
111/2
116
162
134
-C 6 H 4 OCH 3
-C 6 H 4 OCH 3
-C 6 H 4 OCH 3
-C 6 H 3 OCH 3 (OH)
H 2 C=C(CH 3 )C 6 H 5
-C6H4CH3
-C6H4CH3
-C6H4CH3
HC(NO 2 )=CHC 6 H 5
-C6H4NO2
-C6H4NO2
-C6H4NO2
-C6Br5
-C6F5
-C6H4OC6H5
-C6H4C6H5
-C 6 H 4 SO 3 Na
-C6H4CF3
-C6H4CF3
-C6H4CF3
-C6H2(CH3),
90/3.5
120/10
-24
-69
-82
-34
58
13
-5
25
188
139
71
120
225
61/40
55/12
65/40
209
ARYLH 2 C=CHR
9-Anthracene
Benzene (see Styrene)
2-Naphthalene
2-Pyridine
3-Pyridine
4-Pyridine
2-Quinoline
21.2.
612-15-7
626-20-0
637-69-4
7786-61-0
98-83-9
611-15-4
100-80-1
622-97-9
MoI. wt.
VINYLFUNCTIONAL
Name
21.1.
CAS
Registry
Number
61
ESTERS H 2 C=CHOC(O)R
Acetate
Acrylate (see Acrylates)
AUyI adipate
Benzoate
Bromoacetate
4-tert-Buty\ benzoate
Butyrate
Carbonate
Chloroacetate
2-Chlorobenzoate
Chloroformate
Cinnamate
Crotonate
Decanoate
Dodecanoate
2-Ethylhexanoate
Formate
2-Furoate
Hexadecanoate (palmitate)
Hexanoate (caproate)
Maleate
-CH3
-(CH 2 ) 4 C(O)OCH 2 CH=CH 2
-C6H5
-CH 2 Br
-C 6 H 4 C(CH 3 ) 3
-(CH 2 ) 2 CH 3
-OCH=CH 2
-CH 2 Cl
-C 6 H 4 Cl
-Cl
-CH=CHC 6 H 5
-CH 2 CH=CHCH 3
-(CH 2 ) 8 CH 3
-(CH 2 ) K)CH3
-CH(CH 2 CH 3 )(CH 2 ) 3 CH 3
-H
-C4H3O
-(CH 2 ) 14 CH 3
-(CH 2 ) 4 CH 3
-CH=CHC(O)OCH=CH 2
68/735
125/7
133
146/50
140/10
128/20
46
182/10
165/2
160/10
94/10
-93
22
-90
14
24
Density
(at 20 0 C)
Refractive
index (at 200 C)
Flash
point (0C)
1.0049
0.9999
0.994
1.110
0.909
0.917
0.890
0.897
1.5388
1.5540
1.5620
1.5820
1.5380
1.544
1.5408
1.5412
1.070
1.5840
1.6016
107
1.4455
34
72
>110
45
58
52
45
RTECS
Number
SL8205000
WL5075300
WL5075900
WL5075800
WL5076000
R and S
FT-NMR
FT-IR
Merck
Beilstein
l(l),1241O
l(2),207C
l(l),1052C
1(1),1139B
1(1),1139K
1(1),1139M
1(1),1139N
1(2),2437C
1(1),945C
1(1),947A
1(3),869B
1(1),947B
6,561
6(3),4981
5,484
5(1),233
5,485
5,485
1(1),1334D
5,478
1(2),26C
Fieser
1(2),27A
1.406
1.175
1.161
1.165
0.906
1.4700
1.4655
1.4660
1.5320
1(1),1555D
WL5470000
42
75
l(l),1205N
l(l),1205K
1(2),687C
1(1),1145G
l(2),2207I
l(l),1207C
l(l),1207K
l(l),1209F
1(1),1141G
1(2),142A
1(2),35B
1(2),1598C
1(2), 143 A
1(2),138C
1(2),148A
l(l),1020B
l(l),1020A
5(4), 1367
5(3),1197
5(4), 1369
5,500
1(1),951D
1(3),871A
Density
(at 20 0 C)
0.975
0.975
1.340
Refractive
index (at 20 0 C)
1.5490
1.5530
1.5500
Flash
point (0C)
RTECS
Number
47
UU1040000
52
128
UU1045000
R and S
1.3950
-6
1.5290
82
0.999
0.9022
1.355
1.19
1.22
1.253
1.07
0.940
0.886
0.8639
0.875
0.9651
1.5180
1.411
1.4210
1.4440
>110
20
72
1.4100
-4
1.4480
1.4350
1.4387
1.4256
1.4757
27
104
136
65
0.8602
0.8837
1.4444
1.4159
Merck
Beilstein
1(2),51A
1(1),963B
1(1),1151G
1(2),2495G
1(2),46A
1(3),242C
1(1),959C
1(2),734A
20,256
1(2),738D
1(2),853D
20(2),170
20,425
1(1),632D
11,9896
2(1),63
12,565
1(1),963A
9(1),65
DI1050000
9(4), 1885
2(4),792
l(2),1903L
1(2),1248C
1(1),697E
1(1),933A
1(1),644A
1(1),863A
l(l),1206A
1(1),736D
3(3),28
GQ5850000
1(1),721H
1(1),978C
1(1),642B
2(3),1263
2(3),843
MO7875000
LR0525000
1(1),719A
1(1),793A
l(l),1206A
1(1),637C
1(1),736C
2(4), 1005
3(3),28
FG3325000
Fieser
1(3),248B
AK0875000
1(1),715A
1.070
FT-IR
1(1),1153I
1(2),2499B
0.934
FT-NMR
13,342
8,530
8,530
TABLE 21.
cont'd
Name
Maleate, monoester
Methacrylate (see Methacrylates)
Neodecanoate
Nonate
Octadecanoate (stearate)
9-Octadecenoate (oleate)
Octanoate
Pentafluoropropionate
Pentanoate
Pivalate
Propionate
Sebacate
Succinate
Tetradecanoate (myristate)
Thioacetate
Trichloroacetate
Trifluoroacetate
1-Trifluoromethyl acetate
Trithiocarbonate
Undecanoate
Versatate
21.3.
MoI. wt.
Boiling
point (0C)
-CH=CHC(O)OH
19896-47-0
142.11
80/1
-C9H19
-(CH 2 ) 7 CH 3
-(CH 2 ) i 6 CH 3
-(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7CH3
-(CH 2 ) 6 CH 3
-CF2CF3
-(CH 2 ) 3 CH 3
-C(CH 3 ) 3
-CH 2 CH 3
-(CH 2 ) 8 C(O)OCH=CH 2
-CH 2 CH 2 C(O)OCH=CH 2
-(CH 2 ) I 2 CH 3
H 2 C=CHSC(O)CH 3
-CCl 3
-CF3
H 2 C=C(CF 3 )OC(O)CH 3
H 2 C=CHSC(S)SCH=CH 2
-(CH 2 ) 9 CH 3
-C(CH 3 ) 2 (CH 2 ) 5 CH 3
51000-52-3
6280-03-1
111-63-7
3896-58-0
818-44-0
198.31
184.28
310.51
308.49
170.25
190.08
128.17
128.17
100.12
254.33
170.16
254.41
102.15
189.43
140.06
154.09
134.24
212.33
198.31
216
133/50
181/2
145
79/7
58/560
132
112
95
142/3
50/3
152/3
115
38/5
42
86
109-53-5
37769-62-3
926-65-8
26256-87-1
1663-35-0
107-25-5
930-02-9
1623-05-8
766-94-9
6230-62-2
764-47-6
84.12
144.21
100.16
100.16
100.16
106.55
106.55
126.20
141.00
132.16
70.09
212.38
72.11
156.27
100.12
276.76
268.47
116.16
88.11
114.19
100.16
156.27
86.13
190.24
102.13
58.08
296.54
266.04
120.15
148.21
86.13
67
70/20
94
87
75
109
109
147
128
196
28
118
33
177
139
210
173/5
189
143
112
82
175
83
242
108
5
178/5
36
154
211
65
2235-00-9
1484-13-5
13162-05-5
3485-84-5
88-12-0
3195-78-6
139.20
193.25
71.08
173.17
1-11.14
99.10
128/21
154/3
210
36
65
-16
85
166
-36
5873-43-8
3377-92-2
105-38-4
10355-50-7
13416-90-5
5809-91-6
10340-63-3
7062-87-5
433-28-3
2247-91-8
930-35-8
49863-74-3
Melting
point (0C)
32
36
-81
15
48
125/8
60/1
ETHERS H 2 C=CHOR
Allyl
Butoxyethyl
/i-Butyl
2-Butyl
tert-Butyl
1 -Chloroethyl
2-Chloroethyl
Cyclohexyl
1,2-Dichloroethyl
Di(ethylene glycol)
Divinyl
Dodecyl
Ethyl
2-Ethylhexyl
Glycidyl
Hexachlorodivinyl
Hexadecyl
4-Hydroxybutyl
2-Hydroxyethyl
Isoamyl
Isobutyl
Isooctyl
Isopropyl
2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethyl
2-Methoxyethyl
Methyl
Octadecyl
Perfluoropropyl
Phenyl
1-Phenylethyl
Propyl
21.4.
CAS Registry
Number
Formula
-CH 2 CH=CH 2
-CH 2 CH 2 O(CH 2 ) 3 CH 3
-(CH 2 ) 3 CH 3
-CH(CH 2 CH 3 )CH 3
-C(CH 3 ) 3
-CHClCH 3
-CH 2 CH 2 Cl
-C6Hn
-CHClCH 2 Cl
-CH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 2 OH
-CH=CH 2
-(CH 2 ) 11CH3
-CH 2 CH 3
-CH 2 CH(CH 2 CH 3 )(CH 2 ) 3 CH 3
-CH2CH(-O-)CH2
(Cl 2 C=CCl) 2 O
-(CH 2 )I 5 CH 3
-(CH 2 ) 4 OH
-CH 2 CH 2 OH
-CH 2 CH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2
-CH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2
-(CH 2 ) 5 CH(CH 3 ) 2
-CH(CH 3 ) 2
-(CH 2 CH 2 O) 2 CH 3
-CH 2 CH 2 OCH 3
-CH3
-(CH 2 )I 7 CH 3
F 2 C=CFOCF 2 CF 2 CF 3
-C6H5
-CH(C 6 H 5 )CH 3
-CH 2 CH 2 CH 3
3917-15-5
4223-11-4
111-34-2
4181-12-8
926-02-3
110-75-8
110-75-8
2182-55-0
929-37-3
109-93-3
765-14-0
109-92-2
103-44-6
3678-15-7
822-28-6
17832-28-9
764-48-7
-92
-70
-109
-101
-12
-116
-85
16
-33
-112
-140
-83
-123
27
-50
^-SUBSTITUTED H 2 C=CHR
-Caprolactam
-Carbazole
-Formamide
-Phthalimide
-Pyrolidone
-N-Methylacetamide
-NC 6 H10O
-NCi2H8
-NHC(O)H
-NC8H4O2
-NC4H6O
-N(CH 3 )C(O)CH 3
Density
(at 20 0 C)
Refractive
index (at 20 0 C)
Flash
point ( 0 C)
0.882
0.8689
0.904
1.4360
1.4291
0.8719
1.4256
0.866
0.9173
1.4050
1.4030
10
6
1.3170
1.3410
-31
2
> 110
RTECS
Number
83
R and S
FT-NMR
FT-IR
Merck
Beilstein
Fieser
2(3),1290
2(4),1045
1(1),719B
>110
>110
2(3),532
UF8575000
0.87
1.203
1.212
0.8
0.866
0.774
0.762
1.048
1.048
0.891
1.197
0.986
0.773
0.817
0.754
0.816
1.006
1.654
1.4109
1.4220
1.410
1.4558
1.3980
1.4380
1.4380
1.4540
1.4558/17
1.4480
1.3989
1.4382
1.3770
1.4280
1.4326
0.939
0.982
0.7826
0.7645
1.4440
1.4360
1.4072
1.3950
0.7534
0.990
0.8967
0.7511/0
0.821
1.53
1.3840
1.4390
1.4072
1.3730/0
1.440
<20
46
-9
-17
16
16
35
83
-30
>110
-45
52
35
1(1),745G
l(l),1030C
1(1),697F
1(1),933B
KH7175000
KN5950000
1(1),219C
1(1),332B
1(1),213D
KN6300000
KN6300000
1(1),221C
1(1),221C
1(1),336A
1(1),336A
1(1),213B
1(1),213B
1(1),219B
1(1),332A
1(1),212B
19(3),1598
1(4),2387
KM5495500
KO0710000
KO0175000
2(4),466
l(3),704B
11,2139
11,2139
1(3), 1863
1(2),473
1(2),473
6(3), 18
1(4),2398
1(4),2398
1,433
1(3),1864
17(5),8,12
85
48
KM5495000
-13
KO1300000
1(1),219D
1(3),278A
1(3),1862
KO2300000
RG0300000
1(1),219A
1(3),277C
1(3), 1857
l(4),2057
1(4),2518
l(2),520
-32
17
-56
177
1.5226
1.3908
1.029
11,235
-26
1(3),1859
101
1.014
1.4940
102
1.040
0.9600
1.5120
1.4835
94
60
FE6350000
1(2),2425E
1(3),161C
UY6107000
AC6475000
1(1),923K
1(1),891K
1(1),1288A
1(1),1242C
2(3),3207
20(2),282
21(1),363
l(l),790B
1(1),759C
4(3),442
1,697
TABLE 21.
cont'd
Name
21.5.
Formula
CAS Registry
Number
MoL wt.
Boiling
point (0C)
108.10
178.23
164.21
136.16
192.26
178.23
164.21
152.20
122.13
184.21
152.20
100/0.5
131/17
117/15
76/5
146/15
124/15
78/5
70/4
91/15
45/2
110/18
SULFONATES H 2 C=CHSO 3 R
Ethylene sulfonic acid

n-Amy\ ester
n-Butyl ester
Ethyl ester
n-Hexyl ester
Isoamyl ester
Isobutyl ester
Isopropyl ester
Methyl ester
Phenyl ester
rc-Propyl ester
-H
-(CH 2 ) 4 CH 3
-(CH 2 ) 3 CH 3
-CH 2 CH 3
-(CH 2 ) 5 CH 3
-(CH 2 ) 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2
-CH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2
-CH(CH 3 ) 2
-CH3
-C6H5
-CH 2 CH 2 CH 3
1562-34-1
Melting
point (0C)
Density
(at 200C)
1.4003
1.087
1.122
1.183
1.050
1.082
1.190
1.132
1.248
1.165
1.156
Refractive
index (at 200C)
1.4493
1.4412
1.4416
1.431
1.4430
1.4415
1.426
1.4321
1.4316
1.426
1.4368
Flash
point (0C)
>110
RTECS
Number
Rand S
1(2),2219A
FT-NMR
l(2),1605A
FT-IR
1(3),1437A
Merck
Beilstein
6(3),651
Fieser
13,241
I s o r e f r a c t i v e
a n d
l s o p y c n i c
S o l v e n t
P a i r s
H a n s - G . Elias
A.
INTRODUCTION
Isorefractive solvents are solvents having the same

refractive index, and isopycnic solvents are those that have
the same density.
The determination of molar masses by non-colligative
methods such as light scattering and ultracentrifugation
will lead only to apparent molar masses if solvent mixtures
are used whose components are not isorefractive. The
observed increases or decreases of these apparent molar
masses depend in sign and magnitude on both the
preferential solvation and the refractive index increment
of solvent 2 in solvent 1 at a fixed polymer concentration.

The effect disappears if isorefractive solvent pairs are
used.
A similar effect may be observed in ultracentrifugal
experiments with non-isopycnic solvent pairs. To suppress
these effects, isopycnic-isorefractive solvent pairs should be
used. A table of isorefractive and isopycnic solvent pairs
was prepared (for 25C), starting with 392 commonly used
solvents. A solvent pair was classified as isorefractive and
isopycnic if the components had differences no greater than
0.002 in refractive index and 0.015 g/ml in density.
The miscibility of the components was not checked.
B. TABLE OF ISOREFRACTIVE AND ISOPYCNIC SOLVENT PAIRS

Refractive index
Solvent 1
Solvent 2
Acetone
Ethyl formate
Ethanol
Methyl acetate
Propionitrile
2-Methylpentane
n-Hexane
2,3-Dimethylbutane
3 -Methy lpentane
n-Hexane
3 -Methy lpentane
3 -Methy lpentane
2-Chloropropane
Butyraldehyde
Butyronitrile
n-Butyl ethyl ether
2-Methylhexane
rc-Butyl ethyl ether
Ethyl propionate
Isobutyl formate
1 -Chloropropane
f-Butanol
Isobutyl formate
1 -Chloropropane
rc-Heptane
3-Methylhexane
2,2-Dimethylbutane
2-Methylpentane
2,3 -Dimethy lbutane

fl-Hexane
Isopropyl acetate
2-Butanone
Butyraldehyde
n-Propyl ether
2,4-Dimethylpentane
Acetaldehyde diethyl acetal
n-Propyl acetate
Butyronitrile
Ethyl propionate
2-Methylhexane
Density (g/ml)
1.357
1.358
1.359
1.366
1.369
1.369
1.369
1.372
1.372
1.372
1.375
1.377
1.378
1.379
1.379
1.379
1.382
1.382
1.382
1.382
1.382
1.382
1.382
1.382
1.359
1.360
1.363
1.369
1.372
1.372
1.374
1.372
1.374
1.374
1.376
1.378
1.382
1.380
1.382
1.380
1.382
1.383
1.386
1.385
1.383
1.386
1.385
1.386
0.788
0.916
0.786
0.644
0.649
0.649
0.649
0.657
0.657
0.655
0.868
0.801
0.799
0.753
0.799
0.753
0.883
0.883
0.883
0.786
0.888
0.888
0.674
0.674
0.786
0.935
0.777
0.649
0.655
0.657
0.660
0.655
0.660
0.660
0.865
0.799
0.786
0.746
0.786
0.746
0.888
0.881
0.890
0.781
0.881
0.890
0.680
0.683
Refractive index
Solvent 1
Solvent 2
n-Propanol
3-Methyl-2-butanone
2-Pentanone
1-Chloropropane
s-Butyl acetate
fl-Butylformate
n-Propylamine
3-Methylhexane
2,3,3-Trimethylbutane
2,3-Dimethylpentane
2,4-Trimethylpentane
2,3 -Dimethy lpentane
Butyl formate
2-Pentanone
3-Pentanone
Diisopropylamine
s-Butylamine
2,3 -Dimethy lpentane
Methyl butyrate
/z-Dodecane
Methyl butyrate
w-Butyl acetate
2,3-Dimethylpentane
5-Butylamine
3-Pentanone
4-Methyl-2-pentanone
2-Methyl-1 -propanol
rc-Butyl acetate
2-Chlorobutane
2-Chlorobutane
2-Chlorobutane
Valeronitrile
2-Butanol
2-Hexanone
1-Butanol
Methacrylonitrile
Valeronitrile
2-Butanol
2-Hexanone
Butanol
Methacrylonitrile
2,2,5-Trimethylhexane
Butanol
Methacrylonitrile
2,4-Dimethyl-3-pentanone
Butanol
Isobutyl formate
Diethylamine
n-Heptane
3-Methylhexane
1-Chloropropane
3-Methyl-2-butanone
ft-Propylamine
5-Butyl acetate
/z-Butyl formate
Isobutyl acetate
Diisopropylamine
2-Pentanone
3-Pentanone
Methyl butyrate
2-Chloro-2-methyl-propane
n-Butyl acetate
Octane
2-Butanol
2-Hexanone
Density (g/ml)
1.383
1.383
1.383
1.383
1.383
1.384
1.385
1.385
1.385
1.385
1.386
1.386
1.386
1.386
1.386
1.386
1.386
1.386
1.387
1.387
1.387
1.387
1.388
1.388
1.389
1.390
1.390
1.390
1.390
1.390
1.390
1.391
1.391
1.392
1.392
1.394
1.394
1.394
1.394
1.394
1.394
1.394
1.394
1.394
1.394
1.394
1.394
1.394
1.395
1.395
1.395
1.395
1.395
1.395
1.386
1.387
1.386
1.387
1.387
1.386
1.386
1.387
1.389
1.389
1.387
1.389
1.389
1.387
1.390
1.390
1.390
1.390
1.389
1.389
1.391
1.391
1.391
1.392
1.389
1.390
1.390
1.394
1.394
1.394
1.394
1.392
1.395
1.395
1.395
1.394
1.395
1.395
1.395
1.397
1.398
1.398
1.395
1.395
1.395
1.397
1.398
1.398
1.397
1.397
1.398
1.398
1.399
1.397
0.806
0.806
0.881
0.881
0.881
0.702
0.680
0.680
0.680
0.680
0.683
0.683
0.683
0.890
0.807
0.807
0.713
0.713
0.686
0.686
0.868
0.888
0.871
0.871
0.687
0.712
0.802
0.802
0.802
0.810
0.810
0.875
0.875
0.872
0.877
0.797
0.797
0.797
0.797
0.797
0.797
0.797
0.798
0.798
0.798
0.798
0.798
0.798
0.698
0.803
0.803
0.803
0.803
0.810
0.807
0.804
0.890
0.868
0.888
0.713
0.683
0.686
0.687
0.691
0.686
0.687
0.691
0.888
0.802
0.810
0.712
0.720
0.683
0.691
0.875
0.775
0.875
0.877
0.691
0.720
0.810
0.797
0.798
0.797
0.798
0.877
0.868
0.868
0.868
0.798
0.795
0.803
0.810
0.812
0.795
0.808
0.795
0.803
0.810
0.812
0.795
0.808
0.703
0.812
0.795
0.808
0.805
0.812
Refractive index
Solvent 1
Valeronitrile
2-Hexanone
Isobutylamine
2-Chlorobutane
Butyric acid
-Butanol
1 -Chloro-2-methyl-propane
Methyl methacrylate
Methacrylonitrile
Triethylamine
n-Butylamine
Isobutyl n-butyrate
1-Nitropropane
Amyl acetate
n-Dodecane
1-Chlorobutane
Isovaleric acid
Dipropylamine
n-Nonane
Isoamylacetate
2-Pentanol
2-Methoxybutanol
3-Methyl-l-butanol
Solvent 2
Methacrylonitrile
Methacrylonitrile
3 -Methy 1-2-pentanone
Triethylamine
fl-Butylamine
Isobutyl /i-butyrate
2-Methoxyethanol
Isobutyl n-Butyrate
Amyl acetate
1-Chlorobutane
2-Methyl-2-butanol
n-Butylamine
n-Nonane
Dipropylamine
rc-Dodecane
n-Amyl acetate
Isoamyl acetate
1-Chlorobutane
Propionic anhydride
1-Chlorobutane
Tetrahydrofuran
Dipropylamine
Cyclopentane
Tetrahydrofuran
n-Nonane
2-Ethoxyethanol
Valeric acid
Cyclopentane
Methylcyclopentane
2,2,4-Trimethyl-1 -pentene
Tributyl borate
2-Methyl-l-butanol
3-Methyl-1 -butanol
4-Heptanone
2-Heptanone
3-Methyl-l-butanol
Capronitrile
4-Heptanone
2-Heptanone
Pentanol
3-Methyl-2-butanol
Capronitrile
4-Heptanone
Density (g/ml)
1.395
1.395
1.395
1.395
1.395
1.395
1.395
1.395
1.395
1.395
1.396
1.397
1.397
1.397
1.397
1.397
1.397
1.398
1.398
1.398
1.398
1.399
1.399
1.399
1.399
1.399
1.399
1.399
1.399
1.399
1.400
1.400
1.400
1.400
1.400
1.401
1.402
1.402
1.403
1.403
1.403
1.403
1.404
1.404
1.404
1.404
1.404
1.404
1.404
1.404
1.404
1.404
1.404
1.404
1.398
1.398
1.399
1.398
1.398
1.399
1.398
1.399
1.399
1.399
1.400
1.398
1.399
1.399
1.400
1.400
1.401
1.398
1.399
1.404
1.399
1.399
1.401
1.401
1.401
1.400
1.400
1.403
1.401
1.400
1.400
1.404
1.403
1.404
1.404
1.403
1.405
1.406
1.404
1.407
1.407
1.407
1.404
1.404
1.405
1.406
1.404
1.405
1.405
1.406
1.408
1.408
1.405
1.405
0.810
0.810
0.810
0.795
0.795
0.795
0.810
0.729
0.729
0.868
0.955
0.812
0.812
0.872
0.872
0.872
0.703
0.795
0.795
0.795
0.808
0.723
0.723
0.723
0.723
0.736
0.860
0.860
8.860
0.995
0.871
0.871
0.746
0.746
0.871
0.712
0.923
0.923
0.736
0.736
0.714
0.868
0.804
0.804
0.804
0.804
0.805
0.805
0.805
0.805
0.805
0.805
0.805
0.805
0.795
0.808
0.805
0.795
0.808
0.805
0.808
0.723
0.736
0.860
0.960
0.808
0.805
0.860
0.871
0.881
0.712
0.808
0.805
0.805
0.805
0.736
0.712
0.714
0.736
0.746
0.871
0.868
0.875
1.007
0.881
0.885
0.736
0.740
0.885
0.714
0.926
0.936
0.740
0.744
0.712
0.854
0.805
0.805
0.813
0.811
0.805
0.801
0.813
0.811
0.810
0.815
0.801
0.813
Refractive index
Solvent 1
Cyclopentane
Capronitrile
4-Heptanone
2-Ethoxyethanol
2-Heptanone
2-Pentanol
Tributyl borate
1-Pentanol
3-Methyl-2-butanol
4-Methyl-2-pentanol
3-Isopropyl-2-pentanone
2-Methyl-l-butanol
Isoamyl isovalerate
Amyl ether
2,4-Dimethyldioxane
Solvent 2
2-Heptanone
Pentanol
3-Methyl-2-butanol
Methylcyclopentane
4-Heptanone
2-Heptanone
2-Pentanol
1-Pentanol
3-Methyl-2-butanol
4-Methyl-2-pentanol
2-Methyl-l-butanol
2-Heptanone
1-Pentanol
3-Methyl-2-butanol
4-Methyl-2-pentanol
2-Methyl-1 -butanol
Valeric acid
1-Pentanol
3-Methyl-2-butanol
4-Methyl-2-pentanol
2-Ethoxyethanol
2-Methyl-1 -butanol
Amyl ether
1-Pentanol
3-Methyl-2-butanol
4-Methyl-2-pentanol
2-Methyl-l-butanol
Amyl ether
n-Decane
Isoamyl isovalerate
Allyl alcohol
3-Methyl-2-butanol
4-Methyl-2-pentanol
2-Methyl-1 -butanol
Amyl ether
4-Methyl-2-pentanol
2-Methyl-1 -butanol
Amyl ether
2-Methyl-l-butanol
Amyl ether
2-Methyl-1 -butanol
Amyl ether
Amyl ether
Allyl alcohol
2-Octanone
Allyl chloride
Caproic acid
Density (g/ml)
1.404
1.404
1.404
1.404
1.405
1.405
1.405
1.405
1.405
1.405
1.405
1.405
1.405
1.405
1.405
1.405
1.405
1.405
1.405
1.406
1.406
1.406
1.406
1.406
1.406
1.406
1.407
1.407
1.407
1.407
1.407
1.407
1.407
1.407
1.407
1.408
1.408
1.408
1.408
1.408
1.408
1.408
1.408
1.408
1.409
1.409
1.409
1.409
1.409
1.409
1.410
1.410
1.412
1.412
1.406
1.408
1.408
1.407
1.405
1.406
1.407
1.408
1.408
1.409
1.409
1.409
1.406
1.408
1.408
1.409
1.409
1.409
1.406
1.408
1.408
1.409
1.409
1.409
1.409
1.410
1.408
1.408
1.409
1.409
1.409
1.410
1.409
1.410
1.411
1.408
1.409
1.409
1.409
1.410
1.409
1.409
1.409
1.410
1.409
1.409
1.410
1.409
1.410
1.410
1.411
1.414
1.413
1.415
0.805
0.805
0.805
0.740
0.801
0.801
0.801
0.801
0.801
0.801
0.801
0.801
0.813
0.813
0.813
0.813
0.813
0.813
0.926
0.811
0.811
0.811
0.811
0.811
0.811
0.811
0.804
0.804
0.804
0.804
0.804
0.804
0.712
0.854
0.854
0.810
0.810
0.810
0.810
0.810
0.815
0.815
0.815
0.815
0.802
0.802
0.802
0.808
0.808
0.815
0.853
0.799
0.935
0.935
0.811
0.810
0.815
0.744
0.813
0.811
0.804
0.810
0.815
0.802
0.808
0.815
0.811
0.810
0.815
0.802
0.808
0.815
0.936
0.810
0.802
0.802
0.808
0.815
0.815
0.799
0.810
0.815
0.802
0.808
0.815
0.799
0.726
0.853
0.847
0.815
0.802
0.808
0.815
0.799
0.802
0.808
0.815
0.799
0.808
0.815
0.799
0.815
0.799
0.799
0.847
0.814
0.932
0.923
Refractive index
Solvent 1
Solvent 2
Diethyl malonate
Allyl chloride
2-Octanone
Ethyl cyanoacetate
Capric acid
3-Methyl-2-heptanone
1-Hexanol
2-Pentanol
Caprylnitrile
2-Heptanol
2-Pentanol
1-Hexanol
2-Pentanol
Caprylonitrile
2-Heptanol
2-Pentanol
Caprylonitrile
2-Heptanol
3-Methyl-2-pentanol
2-Ethyl-l-butanol
2-Heptanol
3-Methyl-2-pentanol
2-Ethyl-l-butanol
Allylamine
2-Heptanol
3-Methyl-2-pentanol
1-Heptanol
2-Methyl-2-pentanol
2-Ethyl-l-butanol
1-Heptanol
3-Isopropyl-2-heptanone
Methylcyclohexane
2-Ethyl-l-butanol
1-Heptanol
1-Heptanol
Cyclohexane
1-Octanol
Caprylic acid
Af-Methylalaninenitrile
3-Methy 1-2-pentanol
1 -Chloro-2-ethylhexane
2-Methyl-7-ethyl-4-undecanone
Chloro-f-butanol
1,3-Propanediol
Diethyl maleate
A^-methylmorpholine
2-Methyl-7-ethyl-4-nonanol
6-Ethyl-2-nonanol
5-Ethyl-2-nonanol
1,3-Propanediol
Diethyl maleate
Dibutyl sebacate
3-Octanone
1-Hexanol
2-Pentanol
Dibutylamine
Caprylonitrile
2-Heptanol
Allylamine
3-Methyl-2-pentanol
2-Ethyl-l-butanol
Methylcyclohexane
1-Heptanol
3-Chloro-2-methyl-1 -propene
Caprylic acid
1-Octanol
1-Chlorooctane
2-Methyl-7-ethylnonane
Butyrolactone
4-n-Propyl-5-ethyldioxane
2-Methyl-7-ethyl-4-undecanone
6-Ethyl-3-octanol
Chloro-f-butanol
7V-Methylmorpholine
Density (g/ml)
1.412
1.413
1.414
1.414
1.414
1.414
1.414
1.414
1.414
1.415
1.415
1.415
1.415
1.416
1.416
1.416
1.416
1.416
1.416
1.416
1.416
1.416
1.418
1.418
1.418
1.418
1.418
1.418
1.418
1.419
1.420
1.420
1.420
1.420
1.420
1.421
1.422
1.423
1.423
1.425
1.426
1.427
1.428
1.433
1.434
1.434
1.434
1.435
1.435
1.435
1.435
1.436
1.436
1.436
1.415
1.415
1.415
1.416
1.416
1.418
1.418
1.415
1.416
1.416
1.416
1.418
1.418
1.416
1.418
1.418
1.420
1.420
1.418
1.418
1.420
1.419
1.418
1.420
1.422
1.420
1.420
1.422
1.423
1.421
1.420
1.422
1.423
1.420
1.423
1.424
1.423
1.427
1.427
1.426
1.429
1.427
1.430
1.435
1.436
1.438
1.438
1.436
1.438
1.438
1.438
1.438
1.438
1.440
1.051
0.932
0.814
0.814
0.814
0.814
0.814
0.830
0.830
0.818
0.818
0.818
0.818
0.814
0.814
0.814
0.814
0.814
0.826
0.816
0.826
0.756
0.810
0.810
0.810
0.818
0.818
0.818
0.818
0.758
0.823
0.823
0.815
0.829
0.829
0.765
0.818
0.815
0.815
0.917
0.905
0.821
0.867
0.830
1.051
1.051
1.051
0.927
0.832
0.832
0.832
1.059
1.059
0.924
1.056
0.923
0.818
0.814
0.826
0.810
0.818
0.818
0.826
0.814
0.826
0.810
0.818
0.826
0.810
0.818
0.823
0.829
0.818
0.818
0.829
0.758
0.818
0.823
0.818
0.823
0.829
0.818
0.815
0.765
0.829
0.818
0.815
0.818
0.815
0.774
0.815
0.821
0.824
0.905
0.895
0.824
0.872
0.832
1.059
1.049
1.064
0.924
0.829
0.836
0.830
1.049
1.064
0.932
Refractive index
Solvent 1
Solvent 2
5-Ethyl-2-nonanol
6-Ethyl-3-octanol
Butanethiol
7-Methyl-7-ethyl-4-undecanol
Ethyl sulfide
6-Ethyl-3-decanol
6-Ethyl-3-octanol
Butanethiol
Ethyl sulfide
6-Ethyl-3-decanol
Diethyl maleate
2-Methy 1-7-ethy 1-1 -undecanol
Ethyl sulfide
Butanethiol
6-Ethyl-3-decanol
6-Ethyl-3-decanol
Ethyl sulfide
Mesityl oxide
Ethyl sulfide
Mesityl oxide
Mesityl oxide
Butyl stearate
1 -Chlorotetradecane
Ethyl sulfide
2-Butyloctyl-3-aminopropyl ether
Butyl stearate
1,2-Dichloroethane
trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene
trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene
1 -Chlorohexadecane
Formamide
Ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether
3-Lauroxy-1 -propylamine
Cyclohexanone
1 - Amino-2-propanol
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol
2-Butylcyclohexanone
2-Propylcyclohexanone
4-Methylcyclohexanone
2,2 '-Dimethyl-2,2 '-dipropyldiethanolamine
4-Methylcyclohexanol
1,8-Cineole
5-Ethyl-2-nonanol
1,3-Propanediol
Methyl salicylate
6-Ethyl-3-octanol
Butanethiol
6-Ethyl-3-decanol
1-Chlorododecane (technical)
Mesityl oxide
Butyl stearate
Ethyl sulfide
1,3-Butanediol sulfite
1,2-Dichloroethane
Diethylene glycol
Formamide
2-Methylmorpholine
Dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether
1 - Amino-2-methyl-2-pentanol
3-Methyl-5-ethyl-2,4-heptanediol
Density (g/ml)
1.438
1.438
1.438
1.438
1.438
1.438
1.438
1.438
1.438
1.438
1.438
1.438
1.438
1.438
1.438
1.438
1.440
1.440
1.440
1.440
1.441
1.441
1.441
1.441
1.441
1.441
1.442
1.442
1.442
1.442
1.442
1.442
1.442
1.442
1.444
1.444
1.444
1.445
1.445
1.445
1.445
1.446
1.446
1.446
1.446
1.446
1.449
1.452
1.452
1.452
1.452
1.452
1.452
1.452
1.438
1.438
1.440
1.442
1.442
1.441
1.438
1.440
1.442
1.442
1.441
1.438
1.442
1.442
1.442
1.441
1.441
1.442
1.442
1.442
1.442
1.442
1.442
1.442
1.442
1.445
1.442
1.446
1.442
1.445
1.446
1.445
1.446
1.446
1.444
1.444
1.444
1.446
1.448
1.446
1.447
1.447
1.447
1.448
1.448
1.450
1.453
1.452
1.454
1.456
1.454
1.455
1.456
1.456
0.829
0.829
0.829
0.829
0.829
0.829
0.830
0.830
0.830
0.830
0.830
1.049
0.836
0.836
0.836
0.836
0.837
0.837
0.837
0.837
0.838
0.838
0.838
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.829
0.829
0.850
0.850
0.850
0.850
0.854
0.831
1.231
1.231
1.231
0.857
0.857
1.128
1.128
0.842
1.129
0.951
0.951
1.043
1.050
0.922
0.922
0.922
0.923
0.923
0.923
0.923
0.830
0.836
0.837
0.829
0.831
0.838
0.836
0.837
0.829
0.831
0.838
1.064
0.829
0.831
0.837
0.838
0.838
0.829
0.831
0.850
0.829
0.831
0.850
0.850
0.854
0.858
0.831
0.842
0.854
0.858
0.842
0.858
0.842
0.842
1.245
1.257
1.257
0.842
0.859
1.129
1.134
0.840
1.134
0.943
0.961
1.050
1.047
0.923
0.908
0.922
0.908
0.913
0.922
0.921
Refractive index
Solvent 1
Solvent 2
3 -Methy Icy clohexanol
Cyclohexylamine
1-Chloroeicosane (technical)
Oleic acid

1-Chloroeicosane
Oleic acid
2-((3-Ethyl)butylcyclohexanone
2-Butylcyclohexanol
2-(P-Ethyl)hexylcyclohexanone
1 - Aminopropanol
Af-(n-Butyl)diethanolamine
4,5-Dichloro-1,3-dioxolane-2-one
2,4-(bis)oc-Phenylethyl)phenylmethyl ether
2-((3-Ethyl)hexylcyclohexanone
Cyclohexanol
2-(p-Ethyl)hexylcyclohexanone
2-Ethylcyclohexanol
Fluorobenzene
Af-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-2-hydroxybutyl amine
1-oc-Pinene
mzns-Decahydronaphthalene
p-Fluorotoluene
frans-Decahydronaphthalene
o-Fluorotoluene
AT-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-2-hydropropylamine
2-Allyloxy-2-hydroxypropylamine
Di(2-Hydroxybutyl)ethanolamine
Di(2-Hydroxypropyl)ethanolamine
Di(2-Hydroxybutyl)ethanolamine
1 -Methoxy-1 -butene-3-yn
n-Dodecyl-4-r-butylphenyl ether
n-Dodecylphenyl ether
ft-Dodecyl-4-methylphenyl ether
rc-Dodecylphenyl ether
n-Dodecyl-4-methylphenyl ether
n-Dodecylphenyl ether
Dioctylbenzene (90% /?; 10% m)
p-Cymene
Isopropylbenzene
f-Butylbenzene (80% p, 15% m, 5% o)
n-Propylbenzene
5"-Butylbenzene
Hexyl-m-xylene
f-Butylbenzene
Isopropylethylbenzene (35% p, 60% m, 5% o)
Isopropylbenzene
f-Butylcumene (80% /?, 15% m, 5% o)
n-Propylbenzene
5-Butylbenzene
Hexyl-m-xylene (mainly 1,3,5)
f-Butylbenzene
J-Butyltoluene
Hexylcumene (90% /7, 5% m, 5% o)
Octyltoluene (96% /7, 2% m, 2% o)
f-Butylcumene (80% p, 15% m, 5% o)
1,1 ',2,2 '-Tetramethyldiethanolamine

N-(n-Butyl)diethanolamine
2-Butylcyclohexanol
N- (3-Oxypropylmorpholine
Fluorobenzene
D-a-Pinene
m-Fluorotoluene
1-oc-Pinene
/7-Fluorotoluene
Ar-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-2-hydrobutylamine
c/s-Decahydronaphthalene
rc-Dodecyl-4-r-butylphenyl ether
Butylbenzene
p-Cymene
Isopropylbenzene
Density (g/ml)
1.454
1.455
1.456
1.459
1.459
1.459
1.459
1.459
1.459
1.459
1.461
1.461
1.461
1.462
1.462
1.462
1.463
1.464
1.464
1.465
1.465
1.467
1.467
1.467
1.467
1.467
1.469
1.479
1.479
1.479
1.479
1.480
1.480
1.482
1.487
1.487
1.487
1.487
1.487
1.487
1.487
1.487
1.487
1.488
1.488
1.488
1.488
1.488
1.488
1.488
1.488
1.488
1.488
1.489
1.456
1.456
1.459
1.459
1.461
1.462
1.463
1.459
1.461
1.461
1.462
1.463
1.465
1.463
1.463
1.463
1.467
1.465
1.468
1.467
1.468
1.468
1.468
1.469
1.469
1.469
1.469
1.480
1.482
1.482
1.483
1.482
1.483
1.482
1.487
1.488
1.489
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.491
1.489
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.491
1.491
1.492
1.492
1.490
0.908
0.913
0.862
0.872
0.887
0.887
0.887
0.973
0.973
1.584
0.892
0.892
0.965
0.898
0.898
1.013
1.020
0.855
0.855
0.994
0.855
0.994
1.027
1.027
1.027
1.027
1.017
0.893
0.893
0.893
0.893
0.902
0.902
0.881
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.853
0.853
0.853
0.853
0.853
0.853
0.853
0.853
0.853
0.853
0.857
0.922
0.922
0.872
0.887
0.892
0.898
0.892
0.965
0.965
1.591
0.898
0.892
0.968
0.892
0.908
1.020
1.027
0.855
0.867
0.995
0.867
0.995
1.042
1.017
1.018
1.042
1.018
0.902
0.881
0.891
0.889
0.891
0.889
0.891
0.856
0.853
0.857
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.860
0.862
0.856
0.857
0.856
0.858
0.858
0.860
0.862
0.856
0.858
0.863
0.866
0.856
Refractive index
Solvent 1
/-Butylcumene (80% /?, 15% m, 5% o)
n-Propylbenzene
s-Butylbenzene
Solvent 2
n-Propylbenzene
5-Butylbenzene
f-Butylbenzene
Isopropylethylbenzene
(35% p, 60% m, 5% o)
f-Butylbenzene (80% p, 15% m, 5% o)
w-Propylbenzene
s-Butylbenzene
f-Butylbenzene
(35% /?, 60% m, 5% o)
f-Butyltoluene (80% p, 15% m, 5% o)
Hexylcumene (90% /7, 5% m, 5% <?)
Octyltoluene (96% p, 2% m, 2% o)
Octylcumene (90% /7, 4% m, 6% 0)
Dihexylbenzene
/7-Xylene
1,3-Diethylbenzene
-Butyl-m-xylene (mainly 1,3,5)
Ethylbenzene
Octylethylbenzene (80-90% p, 10% m)
Isopropyl-m-xylene (mainly 1,3,5)
Toluene
s-Butylbenzene
f-Butylbenzene
f-Butyltoluene (80% p, 15% m, 5% p)
Hexylcumene (90% p, 5% m, 5% o)
Octyltoluene (96% /7, 2% m 2% 0)
Octylcumene (90% p, 4% m 6% 0)
Dihexylbenzene
p-Xylene
1,3-Diethylbenzene
f-Butyl-m-xylene (mainly 1,3,5)
Ethylbenzene
Toluene
f-Butylbenzene
Isopropylethylbenzene (35% /7, 60% m, 5% 0)
f-Butyltoluene (80% /7, 15% m, 5% 0)
Hexylcumene (90% p, 5% m, 5% 0)
Octyltoluene (96% /?, 2% m, 2% 0)
Octylcumene (90% p, 4% m, 6% 0)
Dihexylbenzene
/7-Xylene
1,3 -Diethy lbenzene
Ethylbenzene
Density (g/ml)
1.489
1.489
1.489
1.489
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
0.857
0.857
0.857
0.857
0.858
0.858
0.860
0.862
1.489
1.489
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.491
1.491
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
0.857
0.857
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.860
0.862
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.491
1.491
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.494
1.494
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.491
1.491
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.494
1.494
1.490
1.490
1.491
1.491
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.856
0.858
0.863
0.866
0.869
0.870
0.857
0.860
0.862
0.863
0.866
0.860
0.862
0.858
0.860
0.862
0.856
0.858
0.863
0.866
0.869
0.870
0.857
0.860
0.862
0.863
0.866
0.860
0.862
0.860
0.862
0.856
0.858
0.863
0.866
0.869
0.870
0.857
0.860
0.862
0.863
0.866
Refractive index
Solvent 1
Solvent 2

Toluene
f-Butylbenzene
Isopropylethylbenzene (35% /?, 60% m, 5% o)
f-Butyltoluene (80% p, 15% m, 5% o)
Hexylcumene (90% /?, 5% m, 5% o)
Octyltoluene (96% /?, 2% m, 2% o)
Octylcumene (90% /?, 4% m, 6% 0)
Dihexylbenzene
p-Xylene
1,3-Diethylbenzene
Ethylbenzene
Octylethylbenzene (80-90% /?, 10% m)
Toluene
f-Butylbenzene
f-Butyltoluene (80% /?, 15% m, 5% <?)
Octyltoluene (96% /?, 2% m, 2% 0)
Octylcumene (90% p, 4% m, 6% 0)
Dihexylbenzene
p-Xylene
1,3-Diethylbenzene
Ethylbenzene
Toluene
Isopropylethylbenzene (35% /?, 60% m) Hexylcumene (90% /?, 5% m, 5% o)
Octylcumene (90% /?, 4% m, 6% o)
Dihexylbenzene
/7-Xylene
1,3-Diethylbenzene
f-Butyl-ra-xylene (mainly 1,3,5)
Ethylbenzene
Toluene
f-Butylethylbenzene (70% p, 25% m, 5% o)
m-Xylene
Hexylethylbenzene
f-Butyltoluene (85% p, 10% m)
Octylcumene (90% p, 4% m, 6% t?)
Dihexylbenzene
p-Xylene
1,3-Diethylbenzene
r-Butyl-w-xylene (mainly 1,3,5)
Ethylbenzene
Toluene
Density (g/ml)
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.491
1.491
1.491
1.491
1.491
1.491
1.491
1.491
1.491
1.491
1.491
1.491
1.491
1.491
1.491
1.491
1.491
1.491
1.491
1.491
1.491
1.491
1.491
1.491
1.491
1.494
1.494
1.490
1.491
1.491
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.494
1.494
1.491
1.491
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.494
1.494
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.494
1.494
1.495
1.495
1.495
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.494
1.494
0.858
0.858
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.858
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.856
0.860
0.862
0.862
0.856
0.858
0.863
0.866
0.869
0.870
0.857
0.860
0.862
0.863
0.866
0.860
0.862
0.856
0.858
0.863
0.866
0.869
0.870
0.857
0.860
0.862
0.863
0.866
0.860
0.862
0.863
0.866
0.869
0.870
0.857
0.860
0.862
0.863
0.866
0.860
0.862
0.854
0.860
0.868
0.863
0.866
0.869
0.870
0.857
0.860
0.862
0.863
0.866
0.860
0.862
Refractive index
Solvent 1
1-Phenyl-l-hydroxyphenyl ether
Hexylcumene (90% p, 5% m)
Dihexylbenzene (85% p, 10% m)
Octyltoluene (96% p, 2% m)
Octylcumene (90% /?, 4% m, 6% o)
Solvent 2
f-Butylethylbenzene (70% /?, 25% m, 5% 0)
m-Xylene
Hexylethylbenzene(70% p, 25% m, 5% o)
1,3-Dimorpholyl-2-propanol
Octylcumene (90% /?, 4% m, 6% #)
Dihexylbenzene
p-Xylene
1,3-Diethylbenzene
Ethylbenzene
Octylethylbenzene (80-90% /7, 10% m)
Toluene
m-Xylene
Hexylethylbenzene (70% /?, 25% m, 5% o)
1,4-Diethylbenzene
Isopropylbenzene
Octylcumene (90% /?, 4% m, 6% 0)
/7-Xylene
1,3-Diethylbenzene
Ethylbenzene
Toluene
m-Xylene
1,4-Diethylbenzene
Isopropylbenzene
Octylcumene (90% p, 4% m, 6% o)
Dihexylbenzene (85% p, 10% m, 5% o)
/7-Xylene
Ethylbenzene
Octylethylbenzene (80-90% /7, 10% m)
Toluene
r-Butylethylbenzene (70% /?, 25% m, 5% o)
m-Xylene
1,4-Diethylbenzene
Isopropylbenzene
p-Xylene
1,3-Diethylbenzene
r-Butyl-m-xylene (mainly 1,3,5)
Ethylbenzene
Toluene
/-Butylethylbenzene (70% /?, 25% m, 5% o)
m-Xylene
Hexylethylbenzene (70% /7, 25% m, 5% o)
Density (g/ml)
1.491
1.491
1.491
1.491
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.495
1.495
1.495
1.493
1.492
1.492
1.492
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.494
1.494
1.495
1.495
1.495
1.496
1.498
1.492
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.494
1.494
1.495
1.495
1.496
1.498
1.492
1.492
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.494
1.494
1.495
1.495
1.495
1.496
1.498
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.494
1.494
1.495
1.495
1.495
0.856
0.856
0.856
1.081
0.863
0.863
0.863
0.863
0.863
0.863
0.863
0.863
0.863
0.863
0.863
0.863
0.863
0.863
0.863
0.870
0.870
0.870
0.870
0.870
0.870
0.870
0.870
0.870
0.870
0.870
0.870
0.866
0.866
0.866
0.866
0.866
0.866
0.866
0.866
0.866
0.866
0.866
0.866
0.866
0.866
0.866
0.866
0.866
0.866
0.866
0.866
0.866
0.866
0.866
0.854
0.860
0.868
1.094
0.866
0.869
0.870
0.857
0.860
0.862
0.863
0.866
0.860
0.862
0.854
0.860
0.868
0.858
0.857
0.869
0.857
0.860
0.862
0.863
0.866
0.860
0.862
0.860
0.868
0.858
0.857
0.869
0.870
0.857
0.862
0.863
0.866
0.860
0.862
0.854
0.860
0.868
0.858
0.857
0.857
0.860
0.862
0.863
0.866
0.860
0.862
0.854
0.860
0.868
Refractive index
Solvent 1
Solvent 2
1,4-Diethylbenzene
Isopropylbenzene
1,3-Diethylbenzene
Ethylbenzene
Toluene
p-Xylene
m-Xylene
Hexylethylbenzene (70% p, 25% m, 5% o)
1,4-Diethylbenzene
Mesitylene
Isopropylbenzene
Ethylbenzene
Toluene
f-Butylethylbenzene (70% /?, 25% m, 5% o)
1,3-Diethylbenzene
m-Xylene
1,4-Diethylbenzene
Mesitylene
Hexyltoluene (70% p, 25% m, 5% o)
Isopropylbenzene
Ethylbenzene
Toluene
m-Xylene
1,4-Diethylbenzene
Mesitylene
Isopropylbenzene
Toluene
r-Butylethylbenzene (70% p, 25% m, 5% o)
m-Xylene
Hexylethylbenzene (70% /?, 25% m, 5% 0)
1,4-Diethylbenzene
Ethylbenzene
Mesitylene
Hexyltoluene (70% /?, 25% m, 5% 0)
Isopropylbenzene
Toluene
f-Butylethylbenzene (70% /?, 25% m, 5% 0)
m-Xylene
Hexylethylbenzene (70% /?, 25% m, 5% 0)
1,4-Diethylbenzene
Octylethylbenzene (80-90% p, 10% m) Mesitylene
Density (g/ml)
1.492
1.492
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.496
1.498
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.494
1.494
1.495
1.495
1.495
1.496
1.497
1.498
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.494
1.494
1.495
1.495
1.496
1.497
1.497
1.498
1.493
1.493
1.494
1.494
1.495
1.495
1.495
1.496
1.497
1.491
1.498
1.493
1.494
1.494
1.495
1.495
1.495
1.496
1.497
1.497
1.498
1.494
1.494
1.495
1.495
1.495
1.496
1.497
0.866
0.866
0.857
0.857
0.857
0.857
0.857
0.857
0.857
0.857
0.857
0.857
0.857
0.857
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.863
0.863
0.863
0.863
0.863
0.863
0.863
0.863
0.863
0.863
0.866
0.866
0.866
0.866
0.866
0.866
0.866
0.858
0.857
0.860
0.862
0.863
0.866
0.860
0.862
0.854
0.860
0.868
0.858
0.861
0.857
0.862
0.863
0.866
0.866
0.860
0.862
0.854
0.860
0.858
0.861
0.870
0.860
0.863
0.866
0.860
0.862
0.854
0.860
0.868
0.858
0.861
0.870
0.857
0.866
0.860
0.862
0.854
0.860
0.868
0.858
0.861
0.870
0.857
0.860
0.862
0.854
0.860
0.868
0.858
0.861
Refractive index
Solvent 1
Solvent 2
Hexyltoluene (70% /?, 25% ra, 5% o)

Isopropylbenzene
Toluene
Isopropyl-ra-xylene (mainly 1,3,5)
ra-Xylene
Hexylethylbenzene (70% p, 25% m, 5% o)
1,4-Diethylbenzene
Mesitylene
Benzene
J-Butylethylbenzene (70% /?, 25% ra, 5% 6>)
Toluene
m-Xylene
Hexylethylbenzene (70% p, 25% ra, 5% <?)
1,4-Diethylbenzene
Mesitylene
Hexyltoluene (70% /?, 25% m, 5% o)
Benzene
wi-Xylene
/-Butylethylbenzene (70% /?, 25% m)
1,4-Diethylbenzene
Mesitylene
Hexylethylbenzene (70% p, 25% m, 5% 6>)
ra-Xylene
1,4-Diethylbenzene
Mesitylene
Benzene
1,4-Diethylbenzene
Hexylethylbenzene (70% /?, 25% m)
Mesitylene
Benzene
Mesitylene
1,4-Diethylbenzene
Ethylbenzene
Mesitylene
Benzene
Hexyltoluene (70% p, 25% m)
1,2-Diethylbenzene
Mesitylene
Benzene
1,2-Diethylbenzene
1,2-Diethylbenzene
Mesitylene
oXylene
1,2-Diethylbenzene
Phenetole
p-Picoline
Pyridine
Phenetole
Cyclohexylethylbenzene
Cyclohexylcumene (50% p, 20% m)
(60% p, 20% m, 20% a)
Chloro-f-butylbenzene
Benzyl acetate
Cyclohexylethylbenzene (60% p, 20% m) Cyclohexyltoluene
Thiophene
2-Furfurol
m-Cresol
Benzyl alcohol
Benzaldehyde
ra-Cresol
oToluidine
ra-Toluidine
Density (g/ml)
1.493
1.493
1.494
1.494
1.494
1.494
1.494
1.494
1.494
1.494
1.494
1.494
1.494
1.494
1.494
1.494
1.494
1.495
1.495
1.495
1.495
1.495
1.495
1.495
1.495
1.495
1.495
1.495
1.496
1.496
1.497
1.497
1.497
1.498
1.498
1.498
1.501
1.504
1.505
1.497
1.498
1.494
1.495
1.495
1495
1496
1.497
1.497
1.498
1.495
1.495
1.495
1.496
1.497
1.491
1.498
1.495
1.496
1.497
1.495
1.496
1.497
1.498
1.496
1.497
1.497
1.498
1.497
1.498
1.497
1.498
1.501
1.498
1.501
1.501
1.503
1.505
1.507
0.866
0.866
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.854
0.854
0.854
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.860
0.868
0.868
0.868
0.868
0.858
0.858
0.861
0.870
0.870
0.874
0.874
0.874
0.867
0.953
0.961
0.870
0.857
0.862
0.854
0.860
0.868
0.858
0.861
0.870
0.874
0.854
0.860
0.868
0.858
0.861
0.870
0.874
0.860
0.858
0.861
0.868
0.858
0.861
0.874
0.858
0.861
0.870
0.874
0.861
0.870
0.870
0.874
0.876
0.874
0.876
0.876
0.876
0.961
0.978
1.516
1.518
1.520
1.524
1.538
1.542
1.566
1.520
1.521
1.523
1.526
1.542
1.544
1.570
0.917
1.051
0.923
1.057
1.041
1.037
0.985
0.923
1.039
0.923
1.059
1.037
1.041
0.994
R e f r a c t i v e
I n d i c e s
o f
C o m m o n
S o l v e n t s
H a n s - G . Elias
A.
INTRODUCTION
Solvents
Measurements which depend on the difference in refractive

index between the polymer and the solvent will, in general,
give greater accuracy as the refractive index increment
between polymer and solvent is increased. The magnitude
of the increment may be either positive or negative.
Systems involving refractive index increments are those
of light scattering and ultracentrifugation when either
schlieren or interference optics is used. A table of
commonly used solvents, arranged according to increasing
refractive index, will be useful in practical work with many
different polymers. Data at 25C, D-line.
B. TABLE OF REFRACTIVE INDICES OF COMMON
SOLVENTS
Solvents
Trifluoroacetic acid
Trifluoroethanol
Octafluoro-1 -pentanol
Dodecafluoro-1 -heptanol
Methanol
Acetonitrile
Ethyl ether
Acetone
Ethyl formate
Ethanol
Methyl acetate
Propionitrile
2,2-Dimethylbutane
Isopropyl ether
2-Methylpentane
Formic acid
Ethyl acetate
Acetic acid
Propionaldehyde
n-Hexane
2,3-Dimethylbutane
3-Methylpentane
2-Propanol
Isopropyl acetate
Propyl formate
Refractive index
1.283
1.290
1.316
1.316
1.326
1.342
1.352
1.357
1.358
1.359
1.360
1.363
1.366
1.367
1.369
1.369
1.370
1.370
1.371
1.372
1.372
1.374
1.375
1.375
1.375
2-Chloropropane
2-Butanone
Butyraldehyde
2,4-Dimethylpentane
Propyl ether
Acetaldehyde diethyl acetal
Butyl ethyl ether
Nitromethane
Trifluoropropanol
2-Methylhexane
Butyronitrile
Propyl acetate
Ethyl propionate
2-Methyl-2-propanol
Propanol
Isobutyl formate
Diethyl carbonate
Heptane
/-Butanol
Propionic acid
3-Methylhexane
Propylamine
3-Methyl-2-butanone
1-Chloropropane
5-Butyl acetate
Butyl formate
Isobutyl acetate
2,3-Dimethylpentane
Acetic anhydride
Diisopropylamine
2-Butylamine
2-Pentanone
3-Pentanone
Nitroethane
Methyl n-butyrate
Butyl acetate
2-Nitropropane
4-Methyl-2-propanone
Octane
Refractive index
1.376
1.377
1.378
1.379
1.379
1.379
1.380
1.380
1.381
1.382
1.382
1.382
1.382
1.383
1.383
1.383
1.383
1.385
1.385
1.385
1.386
1.386
1.386
1.386
1.387
1.387
1.387
1.388
1.389
1.389
1.389
1.390
1.390
1.390
1.390
1.390
1.391
1.392
1.392
1.394
1.394
1.395
Solvents
Isobutylamine
Valeronitrile
2-Butanol
2-Hexanone
2-Chlorobutane
Butyric acid
Dibutyl ether
Butanol
Acrolein
1 -Chloro-2-methylpropane
Methacrylonitrile
Triethylamine
Butylamine
Isobutyl ft-butyrate
1-Nitropropane
Dodecane
Amyl acetate
1-Chlorobutane
2-Methoxyethanol
Propionic anhydride
1-Chlorobutane
P-Methoxypropionitrile
Isovaleric acid
Nonane
Dipropylamine
Isoamyl acetate
Cyclopentane
2-Methyl-2-butanol
3-Methyl-l-butanol
Tetrahydrofuran
Capronitrile
4-Heptanone
2-Ethoxyethanol
2-Heptanone
Valeric acid
Diisobutylene
Methylcyclopentane
Isoamyl ether
2-Pentanol
Tributyl borate
Pentanol
3-Methyl-2-butanol
Diethyl oxalate
Decane
4-Methyl-2-pentanol
2-Methyl-1 -butanol
Butyric anhydride
Amyl ether
Isoamyl isovalerate
1-Chloropentane
Allyl alcohol
Refractive index
1.395
1.395
1.395
1.395
1.395
1.396
1.397
1.397
1.397
1.397
1.397
1.398
1.398
1.399
1.399
1.399
1.399
1.399
1.400
1.400
1.400
1.400
1.400
1.401
1.401
1.401
1.402
1.403
1.403
1.403
1.404
1.404
1.404
1.404
1.405
1.405
1.405
1.406
1.406
1.407
1.407
1.405
1.407
1.407
1.408
1.408
1.408
1.409
1.409
1.409
1.409
1.409
1.410
1.410
1.410
1.411
Solvents
2,4-Dimethyldioxane
Ethyl lactate
Diethyl malonate
3-Chloropropene
Ethylene glycol diacetate
2-Octanone
3-Octanone
Caproic acid
4-Methyldioxane
1,2-Propylene glycol monobutyl ether
Ethyl cyanoacetate
Dibutylamine
Hexanol
2-Pentanol
1,1 -Dichloroethane
Heptachlorodiethyl ether
3-Methoxypropylamine
Caprylonitrile
2-Heptanol
Allylamine
1,2-Propylene glycol carbonate
2-Heptanol
3-Methyl-2-pentanol
2-Ethyl-l-butanol
1 -Chloro-2-methyl-1 -propene
1,4-Dioxane
Methylcyclopropane
4-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone
Heptanol
Cyclohexane
2-Bromopropane
3-Chloro-2-methyl-1 -propene
Caprylic acid
Ethylene carbonate
Octanol
3-Methyl-2-heptanol
Af,A^Dimethylformamide
Sulfuric acid
1-Chlorooctane
Triisobutylene
Af-Methylalaninenitrile
1,2-Ethanediol
1 -Chloro-2-ethylhexane
Ethylcyclohexane
1,2-Propanediol
1-Bromopropane
2-Methyl-7-ethyl-4-nonanone
Ethylene glycol monoallyl ether
Butyrolactone
2-Methyl-7-ethyl-undecanone
1,2-Dichloroisobutane
1,2-Propylene glycol sulfite
Af-Methylmorpholine
ChlorcK-butanol
Refractive index
1.412
1.412
1.412
1.413
1.413
1.414
1.414
1.415
1.415
1.415
1.415
1.415
1.416
1.416
1.416
1.416
1.416
1.417
1.418
1.418
1.419
1.419
1.420
1.420
1.420
1.420
1.420
1.421
1.421
1.422
1.423
1.424
1.424
1.425
1.426
1.426
1.427
1.427
1.427
1.427
1.428
1.429
1.429
1.429
1.430
1.431
1.431
1.431
1.433
1.434
1.434
1.435
1.435
1.435
1.436
1.436
Solvents
Epichlorohydrin
Triethylene glycol monobutyl ether
5-Ethyl-2-nonanol
6-Ethyl-3-octanol
1,3-Propanediol
Diethyl maleate
Butanethiol
Dibutyl sebacate
2-Chloroethanol
6-Ethyl-3-decanol
1 -Chlorododecane
3-Methyl-2,4-pentanediol
Dimethyl maleate
Ethyl sulfide
Mesityl oxide
Butyl stearate
Cyclohexene
Lauryl glycidyl ether
Dibutyl maleate
1,3-Butylene glycol sulfite
1,2-Dichloroethane
Glycol sulfite
Chloroform
Diethylene glycol
cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene
2-Methylmorpholine
Formamide
3-Lauryl-1 -hydroxypropylamine
1 -Chlorohexanedecane
Cyclohexanone
1 - Amino-2-propanol
Diethylene glycol
mono-P-hydroxyisopropyl ether
1 - Amino-2-methyl-2-pentanol
2-Aminoethanol
1,4-Butanediol glycidyl ether
4-Chloro-1,3-dioxolane-2-one
1 -Chlorooctadecane
2-Butylcyclohexanone
Ethylenediamine
2-((3-Methyl)propylcyclohexanone
Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether
Cyclohexyl methacrylate
1,8-Cineole
2,2/-Dimethyl-2,2/-dipropyl
diethanolamine
1,3-Butanediol glycidyl ether
Refractive index
1.436
1.437
1.438
1.438
1.438
1.438
1.438
1.440
1.440
1.440
1.441
1.441
1.441
1.441
1.442
1.442
1.442
1.442
1.443
1.443
1.444
1.444
1.444
1.444
1.444
1.445
1.445
1.445
1.446
1.446
1.446
1.447
1.447
1.448
1.448
1.448
1.448
1.449
1.450
1.452
1.452
1.452
1.452
1.453
1.453
1.454
1.454
1.454
1.455
1.455
1.456
1.456
1.456
1.456
Solvents
1-Chloroeicosane
Oleic acid
(1,1 ',^'-Tetramethyl) diethanolamine
3-Aminopropanol
3-Methyl-5-ethyl-2,4-heptanediol
AHrc-ButyOdiethanolamine
4,5-Dichloro-l,3-dioxolane-2-one
2-Butylcyclohexanol
N- P-Hydroxypropylmorpholine
2-(P-Ethyl)hexylcyclohexanone
2-Ethylcyclohexanol
Fluorobenzene
D-a-Pinene
L-a-Pinene
Cyclohexanol
m-Fluorotoluene
/?-Fluorotoluene
AH2-Hydroxyethyl)-2hydroxybutylamine
4-Chloromethyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-one
^rarcs-Decahydronaphthalene
<?-Fluorotoluene
AH2-Hydroxyethyl)-2hydroxypropylamine
Di(2-hydroxybutyl)ethanolamine
Di(2-hydroxypropyl)ethanolamine
D-Limonene
2-(a-Hydroxybutyl)cyclohexanol
1,2,3-Trichloroisobutane
Decahydronaphthalene
1,2,3-Propanetriol
Trichloroethylene
AH p-Hy droxy ethyl)morpholine
Dimethyl sulfoxide
ds-Decahydronaphthalene
2-(a-Hydroxyethyl)cyclohexanol
2-Butylidenecyclohexanone
N-( P-Chloroallyl)morpholine
rc-Dodecyl-4-f-butyl phenyl ether
n-Dodecyl phenyl ether
n-Dodecyl 4-methylphenyl ether
Af-Hy droxyethyl-1,3-propanediamine
Morpholyl A^-(ethylhydroxy)ethylamine
2-Ethylidenecyclohexanone
Butylbenzene
Dioctylbenzene (90% p, 10% m)
p-Cymene
Isopropylbenzene
Furfuryl alcohol
f-Butylcumene (80% p, 15% m, 5% o)
n-Propylbenzene
Refractive index
1.459
1.459
1.459
1.459
1.459
1.459
1.461
1.461
1.461
1.462
1.462
1.462
1.463
1.463
1.463
1.464
1.465
1.465
1.465
1.467
1.467
1.467
1.468
1.468
1.468
1.469
1.469
1.469
1.471
1.473
1.473
1.474
1.475
1.474
1.476
1.476
1.479
1.479
1.480
1.481
1.481
1.482
1.482
1.483
1.483
1.485
1.486
1.487
1.487
1.488
1.489
1.489
1.490
1.490
Solvents
s-Butylbenzene
J-Butylbenzene
Dibutyl phthalate
(35% /?, 60% m, 5% o)
r-Butyltoluene (85% p, 10% m, 5% o)
1-Phenyl-l-hydroxyphenyl ethane
Hexylcumene (90% /?, 5% ra, 5% o)
Octylcumene (90% p, 4% m, 6% o)
Dihexylbenzene
(85% p, 10% m, 5% o)
p-Xylene
1,3-Diethylbenzene
/-Butyl-ra-xylene (mainly 1,3,5)
Ethylbenzene
Octylethylbenzene
(80-90% p, 10% m)
1,3-Dimorpholyl-2-propanol
Isopropyl-ra-xylene (mainly 1,3,5)
Toluene
Benzyl ethyl ether
r-Butylethylbenzene
(70% p9 25% m, 5% o)
m-Xylene
Hexylethylbenzene
(70% p, 25% m, 5% o)
1,4-Diethylbenzene
2,3-Dichlorodioxane
Mesitylene
2-Iodopropane
Benzene
Propyl benzoate
a-Picoline
1,2-Diethylbenzene
Pentachloroethane
1-Iodopropane
o-Xylene
Ethyl benzoate
P-Picoline
Tetrachloroethylene
Phenetole
Pyridine
Iodoethane
Phenyl methallyl ether
Anisole
Refractive index
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.490
1.491
1.491
1.491
1.492
1.492
1.493
1.492
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.493
1.494
1.494
1.494
1.495
1.495
1.495
1.496
1.496
1.497
1.497
1.497
1.498
1.498
1.499
1.501
1.501
1.502
1.503
1.503
1.504
1.504
1.505
1.507
1.512
1.514
1.515
Solvents
Methyl benzoate
Cyclohexylcumene
(60% p, 25% m, 15% o)
Diallyl phthalate
Benzyl acetate
Cyclohexylethylbenzene
(70% p, 20% m, 20% o)
2-Methyl-4-f-butylphenol
Phenyl acetonitrile
(Chloro-r-butyl)benzene
Methyl salicylate
Cyclohexyltoluene
(50% p, 20% m, 30% o)
Chlorobenzene
Furfural
Octachlorodiethyl ether
Benzonitrile
Thiophene
Nonachlorodiethyl ether
Iodomethane
4-Phenyldioxane
3-Phenyl-1 -propanol
Acetophenone
Benzyl alcohol
1,2-Dibromoethane
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene
m-Cresol
P,P-Di(butylxanthogenic acid)
diethylester
m-Dichlorobenzene
Benzaldehyde
Styrene
Nitrobenzene
6>-Dichlorobenzene
Bromobenzene
o-Nitroanisole
m-Toluidine
Benzyl benzoate
o-Toluidine
1 -Methoxyphenyl-1 -phenylethane
Aniline
o-Chloroaniline
Bromoform
Thiophenol
2,4-Bis(a-phenylethyl)phenylmethyl
ether
Carbon disulfide
1,1,2,2-Tetrabromoethane
Methylene iodide
Refractive index
1.515
1.516
1.517
1.518
1.520
1.521
1.521
1.521
1.522
1.523
1.523
1.524
1.525
1.526
1.526
1.529
1.530
1.530
1.532
1.532
1.538
1.538
1.539
1.542
1.543
1.544
1.544
1.545
1.550
1.551
1.557
1.560
1.566
1.568
1.570
1.571
1.583
1.586
1.587
1.588
1.590
1.628
1.633
1.749
P h y s i c a l
C o n s t a n t s
S o l v e n t s
o f
f o r
t h e
M o s t
C o m m o n
P o l y m e r s
Lakeshore Research, Racine, Wl, USA
Values given here have been taken a variety of reference

books. Where a range was given, the melting and boiling
points given here are average values. Flash point was
determined by the closed cup method, using a Setaflash
apparatus. The refractive index is reported relative to the
Compound
Acetic acid
Acetic anhydride
Acetone
Acetonitrile
n-Amyl acetate
Aniline
Anisole
Benzene
Benzonitrile
Benzyl acetate
Benzyl alcohol
Biphenyl
Bromoform
n-Butanol
n-Butyl acetate
y-Butyrolactone
Carbon disulfide
Chlorobenzene
2-Chloroethanol
Chloroform
2-Chlorophenol
m-Cresol
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexanol
Cyclohexanone
Cyclohexyl acetate
Cyclopentanol
Diacetone alcohol
Di-n-amyl ether
1,2-Dichlorobenzene
Di-2-chlorodiethylether
1,2-Dichloroethylene, cis & trans
Dichloromethane/methylene chloride
l,3,-Dichloro-2,4,6-trifluorobenzene
Diethyl ether
CAS
Number
64-19-7
108-24-7
67-64-1
75-05-8
628-63-7
62-53-3
100-66-3
71-43-2
100-47-0
140-11-4
100-51-6
92-52-4
75-25-2
71-36-3
123-86-4
96-48-0
75-15-0
56-23-5
108-90-7
107-07-3
67-66-3
95-57-8
108-39-4
110-82-7
108-93-0
108-94-1
622-45-7
96-41-3
493-01-6
123-42-2
693-65-2
95-50-1
111-44-4
540-59-0
75-09-2
2368-53-8
60-29-7
Formula
Wt.
60.05
102.09
58.08
41.05
130.19
93.13
108.14
78.11
103.12
150.18
108.14
154.21
252.75
74.12
116.16
86.09
76.14
153.82
112.56
80.51
119.38
128.56
108.14
84.16
100.16
98.15
142.2
86.13
138.25
116.16
158.29
147
143.01
96.94
84.93
200.98
74.12
Melting
Pt. (0C)
17
-73
-94
-48
-71
-6
-37
6
-13
-51
-15
71
8.3
-90
-78
-45
-111
-23
-45
-89
-63
8
9
7
22
-47
-19
-43
-69
-17
-47
-57
-97
-116
sodium D line. Boiling points are given at 760 mmHg

unless indicated otherwise by the pressure in mmHg
following a slash (/). Viscosity is reported at 200C unless
indicated at another temperature in Celsius following a
slash (/).
Boiling pt.
(0C)
118
140
56
82
148
184
154
80
191
206
205
255
151
118
125
205
46
77
132
129
61
176
203
81
161
155
173
140
193
166
188
180
66/15
48-60
40
162
34.6
Density Viscosity at
(at 200C) 200C (cps)
1.049
1.082
0.790
0.786
0.876
1.022
0.995
0.874
1.010
1.040
1.045
0.992
2.894
0.810
0.882
1.120
1.266
1.594
1.107
1.201
1.492
1.241
1.034
0.779
0.948
0.947
0.966
0.949
0.896
0.931
0.785
1.306
1.220
1.265
1.325
1.599
0.708
1.21
0.324
0.52
5.8
2.948
5.8
0.969
0.568
20.8
0.979
2.543/15
1.4230
1.4870
1.26
Flash pt.
Refractive
index (at 200C)
(0C)
1.3716
1.3900
1.3588
1.3440
1.4026
1.5860
1.5160
1.5010
1.5280
1.5020
1.5400
1.5960
1.3990
1.3940
1.4360
1.6270
1.4600
1.5240
1.4410
1.4460
1.5580
1.5400
1.4260
1.4650
1.4500
1.4390
1.4530
1.4750
1.4119
1.5510
1.4560
1.4470
1.4240
1.3530
40
54
-17
5
36
70
51
-11
71
102
93
35
98
-33
23
60
63
86
-18
67
46
57
51
57
61
57
65
55
6
76
-40
Compound
CAS
Number
Di(ethylene glycol)
111-46-6
Di(ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl
112-34-5
ether
Di(ethylene glycol) monoethyl ether 111-90-0
Diisobutyl ketone
108-83-8
Diisopropyl ketone
565-80-0
1,2-Dimethoxyethane/ethylene
110-71-4
glycol dimethyl ether
AyV-Dimethylacetamide
127-19-5
Af,Af-Dimethylformamide
68-12-2
Dimethylsulfoxide
67-68-5
1,4-Dioxane
123-91-1
Diphenyl ether
101-84-8
Di(propylene glycol)
110-98-5
Di(propylene glycol) monomethyl 34590-94-8
ether
Ethanol
64-17-5
Ethyl acetate
141-78-6
111-55-7
Ethylene carbonate
96-49-1
Ethylene dichloride
107-06-2
Ethylene gylcol
107-21-1
Ethylene glycol mono-rc-butyl ether
111-76-2
111-55-7
Ethylene glycol diethyl ether
629-14-1
Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether
110-71-4
Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether
110-80-5
Ethylhexyl acetate
103-09-3
(5)-(-)-Ethyl lactate
687-47-8
Formaldehyde, 37% solution
50-00-0
Formamide
75-12-7
Formic acid, 96%
64-18-6
Furfurol
98-00-0
Glycerine
56-81-5
w-Heptane
142-82-5
Hexachloroethane
67-72-1
Hexafluorobenzene
392-56-3
Hexamethylphosphoric triamide
680-31-9
Hexane
110-54-3
Isobutanol
78-83-1
Isobutyl isobutyrate
97-85-8
Isobutyric acid
79-31-2
Isophorone
78-59-1
Isopropanol
67-63-0
Isopropyl acetate
108-21-4
Isopropylamine
75-31-0
Mesitylene
108-67-8
Mesityl oxide
141-79-7
Methanol
67-56-1
2-Methoxyethanol
109-86-4
Methyl acetate
79-20-9
Methyl ethyl ketone
78-93-3
Methyl isoamyl ketone
110-12-3
Methyl isobutyl ketone
108-10-1
Methyl propyl ketone
107-87-9
N-Methylpyrrolidone
872-50-4
Morpholine
110-91-8
Nitrobenzene
98-95-3
Nitromethane
75-52-5
rc-Octane
111-65-9
rc-Pentanol
71-41-0
Perfluoroacetone
684-16-2
Perfluorotributylamine
311-89-7
Phenol
108-95-2
1,4-Phenylenediamine
106-50-3
Formula
Wt.
Viscosity at
200C (cps)
Refractive
Flash pt.
index (at 2O0C)
(0C)
Melting
Pt. (0C)
Boiling pt.
(C)
Density
(at 200C)
106.12
162.23
-10
-68
245
231
1.118
0.967
1.4460
1.4320
143
100
134.18
142.24
114.19
90.12
-46
-80
-58
202
169
124
85
0.999
0.806
0.806
0.867
1.4270
1.4113
1.4000
1.3790
96
49
15
0
1.4380
1.4310
1.4790
1.4220
1.5790
1.4410
1.4220
70
57
95
12
>110
137
74
1.3600
1.3720
1.4150
1.4130
1.3765
1.4470
1.3704
1.4860
1.4740
1.3870
8
-3
82
160
15
> 110
60
82
20
0
44
77
28
56
154
68
65
160
-1
1.3770
1.4580
1.3750
1.3960
1.3980
1.3930
1.4760
1.3770
1.3770
1.3746
1.4990
1.4450
1.3290
1.4020
1.3610
1.3970
1.4070
1.3960
1.3900
1.4700
1.4540
1.5510
1.3820
1.3980
1.4090
10
105
-23
27
37
55
84
11
16
-32
44
30
11
46
-9
3
41
13
7
86
35
87
35
15
48
1.5425
None
79
87.12
73.1
78.13
88.11
170.21
134.18
148.2
-20
-61
18
12
28
166
153
189
102
259
230
90/12
0.937
0.944
1.101
1.034
1.073
1.023
0.938
46.07
88.11
146.14
88.06
98.96
62.07
118.18
146.14
118.18
90.12
90.12
172.27
118.13
30.03
45.04
46.03
98.1
92.09
100.21
236.74
186.05
179.2
86.18
74.12
144.21
88.11
138.21
60.1
102.13
59.11
120.2
98.15
32.04
76.1
74.08
72.11
114.19
100.16
86.13
99.13
87.12
123.11
61.04
114.23
88.15
166.02
671.1
94.11
108.14
-130
-84
-41
39
-35
-13
-75
-41
-74
-58
-90
78
77
187
244/740
83
197
171/743
187
121
85
135
200
154
97
210
101
170
182/20
98
0.785
0.902
1.128
1.321
1.256
1.113
0.903
1.128
0.842
0.867
0.930
0.870
1.042
1.083
1.134
1.220
1.135
1.261
0.684
2.091
1.612
1.030
0.659
0.803
0.855
0.950
0.923
0.785
0.872
0.694
0.864
0.858
0.791
0.965
0.932
0.805
0.888
0.801
0.802
1.033
0.999
1.196
1.127
0.703
0.811
-26
-15
3
8
-29
20
-91
193
4
7
-95
-108
-81
-47
-8
-89
-73
-101
-45
-53
-98
-85
-98
-87
-80
-78
-24
-7
6
-29
-57
-78
-129
41
144
80
232/740
69
108
148
154
214
82
89
34
163
129
65
125
58
80
145
118
110
82/10
129
211
101
127
138
-26
178
182
267
1.883
1.071
1.26
1.2
0.455
1.4450
1.4310
1.4190
1.4150
1.3923
1.3790
1.4070
0.326
0.423/15
2.256
Compound
Piperazine
H-Propanol
Propyl acetate
Propylene carbonate
Propylene glycol
Propylene glycol mono-n-butyl
ether
Propylene glycol monomethyl
ether
Propylene glycol mono-n-propyl
ether
Propylene glycol mono-f-butyl
ether
Pyridine
Tetrachloroethylene
Tetrahydrofuran
Tetrahydronaphthalene/tetralin
Tetramethylene sulfone
Tetramethylurea
Toluene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Tricresyl phosphate
Water
o-Xylene
p-Xylene
CAS
Number
Formula
Wt.
Melting
Pt. (0C)
Boiling pt.
(0C)
Density Viscosity at
(at 200C) 200C (cps)
1.3840
1.3840
1.4210
1.4320
1.4160
109
15
12
132
107
58
0.922
1.4030
33
140-160
0.885
1.4110
48
144
0.874
1.4130
44
115
147
121
66
178
207
285
177
111
75
87
265/10
72
100
144
138
0.978
1.586
1.623
0.889
1.054
0.973
1.261
0.971
0.865
1.338
1.463
1.143
1.480
0.998
0.870
0.866
1.5100
1.4935
1.5060
1.4070
1.4520
1.5410
1.4840
1.4506
1.4960
1.4366
1.4760
1.5550
20
None
None
-17
83
77
165
65
4
None
None
>110
None
None
32
27
110-85-0
71-23-8
109-60-4
108-32-7
57-55-6
86.14
60.1
102.13
102.09
76.1
132.2
109
-127
-95
-55
-60
146
97
102
240
187
72/20
0.804
0.888
1.189
1.036
0.885
107-98-2
90.12
-97
119
1569-01-3
118.18
57018-52-7
132.20
110-86-1
79-34-5
127-18-4
109-99-9
97-99-4
119-64-2
126-33-0
632-22-4
108-88-3
71-55-6
79-01-6
1330-78-5
76-05-1
7732-18-5
95-47-6
106-42-3
79.1
167.85
165.83
72.11
102.13
132.21
120.17
116.16
92.14
133.41
131.39
368.37
114.02
18.02
106.17
106.17
-42
-45
-22
-108
-80
-35
27
-1
-93
-35
-85
-15
0
-24
13
Flash pt.
Refractive
index (at 20C)
(C)
2.256
0.486
0.59
1.005
0.648
1.3329
1.5050
1.4950
S E C T I O N
P H Y S I C A L
I V
P h y s i c a l
D a t a
o f
O l i g o m e r s
M . Rothe
Lehrstuhl Organische Chemie II, University at UIm, UIm, FR Germany
A. Introduction
B. Oligomers Containing Main Chain Acyclic
Carbon Only
Table 1. Oligo(olefins)
1.1. Oligo(methylenes) and
Oligo(ethylenes)
1.2. Oligo(perfluoromethylenes)
and Oligo(perfluoroethylenes)
1.3. Oligo(isobutenes)
1.4. OligoO -alkenylenes)
References
Table 2. Oligo(dienes)
2.1. Oligomers of 1,3-Butadiene
2.2. Oligomers of lsoprene
2.3. Oligomers of 1,3-Butadiene
Derivatives
2.4. 1,4-Oligo(alkadienes)
2.5. Oligomers of Cyclopentadiene
and 1,3-Cyclohexadiene
2.6. Oligomers of Allene
References
Table 3. Oligo(acetylenes)
3.1. Linear Oligomers of
Acetylene
3.2. Polyenyne Oligomers
3.3. Oligomeric oc-co-Diynes
3.4. Oligo(alkynes)
3.5. Cyclic Oligo(alkynes)
3.6. Pericyclynes
References
Table 4. Oligomers with Aliphatic Side
Chains which in Addition Contain
Heteroatoms
4.1. Oligomeric Acrylic
Derivatives
4.2. Oligomeric Methacrylic
Derivatives
4.3. Oligomers of P-Alkyl
Substituted Vinyl Derivatives
4.4. Oligo(vinyl) Derivatives
References
Table 5. Oligo(styrenes)
References
IV-2
IV-3
IV-3
IV-3
IV-6
IV-8
IV-9
IV-9
IV-14
IV-14
IV-15
IV-16
IV-16
IV-I 7
IV-17
IV-18
IV-19
IV-19
IV-20
IV-20
IV-20
IV-20
IV-21
IV-21
IV-22
IV-22
IV-24
IV-26
IV-27
IV-28
IV-30
IV-32
C. Oligomers Contaning Heteroatoms in the

Main Chain
Table 6. Oligomers Containing O in the
Main Chain
6.1. Oligo(ethers) and
Oligo(acetals)
References
6.2. Oligo(carbonates)
References
6.3. Oligo(esters)
References
6.4. Oligo(urethanes)
References
Table 7. Oligo(sulfides) and Oligo(selenides)
7.1. Cyclic Oligo(thiomethylenes)
and Oligo(Selenomethylenes)
7.2. Cyclic Oligo(thioalkylenes)
7.3. Substituted
Cyclic(thioethylenes)
7.4. Cyclic Co-Oligomers of
Formaldehyde and
Thioformaldehyde
7.5. Cyclic Oligo(ethersulfides)
7.6. Thiacyclophanes
References
Table 8. Oligomers Containing N in the
Main Chain
8.1. Oligo(amides)
References
8.2. Oligo(peptides)
References
8.3. Oligo(imines)
References
8.4. Oligo(ureas)
References
D. Carbon Chain Oligomers Containing Main
Chain Cyclic Units
Table 9. Oligocyclopentylenes
Table 10. Oligo(spiranes)
Table 11. Oligo(xylylenes)
11.1. Linear Oligo(xylenes)
11.2. Cyclic Oligo(xylylenes)
Table 12. Oligo(stilbenes)
IV-33
IV-33
IV-33
IV-43
IV-47
IV-47
IV-48
IV-56
IV-58
IV-61
IV-62
IV-62
IV-62
IV-62
IV-62
IV-63
IV-63
IV-63
IV-64
IV-64
IV-70
IV-72
IV-84
IV-88
IV-89
IV-89
IV-90
IV-90
IV-90
IV-90
IV-90
IV-90
IV-90
IV-91
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Oligo(benzyls)
Oigo(2,5-dimethyl-benzyls)
Oligo(2,3,5,6-tetramethyl benzyls)
Oligo(p-phenylene oxides)
Oligo(p-phenylene sulfides)
Oligo(p-phenoxy phenylmethanes)
Oligo(diphenylmethanes)
References
Table 20. Phenol-Formaldehyde and Related
Oligomers
20.1. Linear Phenol-Formaldehyde
Oligomers
20.2. Oligomeric Phenol Alcohols
20.3. Cyclic Phenol-Formaldehyde
Oligomers
20.4. Branched PhenolFormaldehyde Oligomers
20.5. Hydroquinone Oligomers
References
Table 21. Oligo(phenylenes)
21.1. o-Oligo(phenylenes)
21.2. m-Oligo(phenylenes)
21.3. p-Oligo(phenylenes)
21.4. Oligo(p-quinones)
References
E. Oligomers Containing Heterocyclic Rings
in the Main Chain
Table 22. Heterocyclic Oligomers
22.1 Oligo(furan) Derivatives
22.2. Oligo(thiophene) Derivatives
22.3. Oligo(pyrrole) Derivatives
22.4. Oligo(pyridine) Derivatives
22.5. Cyclic Oligo(heterocyclics)
References
Table 23. Oligo(saccharides)
23.1. Oligomeric Pentoses
23.2. Oligomeric Hexoses
23.3. Oligomeric Amino Sugars
References
A.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
IV-91
IV-91
IV-91
IV-91
IV-91
IV-91
IV-91
IV-91
IV-92
IV-92
IV-93
IV-94
IV-94
IV-95
IV-95
IV-96
IV-96
IV-96
IV-97
IV-98
IV-98
IV-99
IV-99
IV-99
IV-100
IV-100
IV-100
IV-101
IV-101
IV-102
IV-102
IV-102
IV-103
IV-104
INTRODUCTION
Oligomers are defined as the low members of the

polymeric-homologous series with molecular weights up
to about 1000-2000. They are easily obtained by stepwise synthesis from suitably protected monomer derivatives
or by separation from the polymers. As monodisperse
oligomers are low molecular compounds of defined
molecular weights, they represent ideal model substances
for the polymers. By physical studies of a complete series
of oligomers, substantial knowledge is gained of the
relation between chain length and physical properties. In
this way certain physical data of the polymers could be
explained for the first time. In chemical aspects, oligomers
must, on principle, have the same properties as the related
polymers; they are, however, much more accessible to all
studies, owing to their strictly defined and comparatively

simpler structure.
Homologous oligomers differ sufficiently in their
physical properties - due to their low molecular weight so that they can be separated into individual chemicals.
They can therefore be used for elucidating the structure of
polymers and, in close relation, for the investigation of the
mechanisms of polymerization. Oligomers are intermediates in polycondensation and polyaddition reactions and
are present in more or less significant amounts in the
polymers, due to equilibria between different chains, and
between chains and rings. Therefore important conclusions
on the structure of the related high polymers can be drawn
from isolation and structure determination of oligomers,
along with a comparison of the chemical properties of
polymers and oligomers. In this way clear evidence can be
obtained as regards the type of linkage between the
monomer units in the polymer as well as the structure of
unknown endgroups. Finally, unequivocal evidence on the
mechanism of polymer formation is to be expected from the
behavior of oligomers under the conditions of the
polyreaction.
The following tables give the physical properties of the
most important, linear, cyclic, and branched monodisperse
oligomers which are significant for polymer chemistry.
Derivatives and co-oligomers (such as co-oligo-peptides,
-saccharides, and -nucleotides) as well as organosilicon and
inorganic oligomers are not included, nor are any low
polymers which have not been proved to be strictly monodisperse. Only those literature references are cited that
indicate the best methods of synthesis and the most important physical properties of the oligomers concerned
(including spectroscopic and conformational data which
could not be mentioned in detail in the tables).
In the last few decades several reviews on linear and
cyclic oligomers have appeared. A small list is giving
below.
1. H. Zahn, G. B. Gleitsmann, Angew. Chem., 68, 229 (1956);
Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 2, 410 (1963).
2. M. Rothe, Makromol. Chem., 35, 183 (1960).
3. M. Rothe, I. Rothe, in: J. Brandrup, H. Immergut (Eds.),
"Polymer Handbook", 3rd Ed., Wiley, New York, 1989.
4. J. A. Semlyen, "Cyclic Polymers", Elsevier, London, 1986.
5. S. Penczek, S. Slomkowski, Compr. Polym. Sci., 3, 725
(1989).
6. P. Maravigna, G. Montaudo, Compr. Polym. Sci., 5,63 (1989).
7. V. Percec, C. Pugh, O. Nuyken, S. D. Pask, Compr. Polym.
Sci., 6, 281 (1989).
8. C. V. Uglea, 1.1. Negulescu, "Synthesis and Characterization
of Oligomers", CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1991.
9. M. Rothe, in: E. W. Fischer, R. C. Schulz, H. Sillescu (Eds.),
"Chemistry and Physics of Macromolecules", VCH,
Weinheim, 1991.
10. K. Hatada, K. Ute, N. Miyatake, Prog. Polym. Sci., 19, 1067
(1994).
11. J. M. Tour, Trends Polym. Sci., 2, 332 (1994).
B. OLIGOMERS CONTAINING MAIN CHAIN ACYCLIC CARBON ONLY

TABLE 1. OLIGO(OLEFINS)
1.1. OLIGO(METHYLENES) AND OLIGO(ETHYLENES)
1.1.1. w-ALKANES H[CH2LH
n
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
-182.6
-183.3
-187.1
-138.4
-129.7
-94.0
-90.5
-56.8
-53.5
-29.7
-25.6
-9.7
-6.0
5.5
10.1
18.1
22.1
28.2
32.0
b.p. (C/mbar)
d4 (g/cm3)/C
Refs.
-161.6/1013
-88.5/1013
-42.2/1013
-0.5/1013
36.1/1013
68.7/1013
98.4/1013
125.5/1013
150.8/1013
174.1/1013
195.9/1013
216.3/1013
235.5/1013
253.6/1013
270.7/1013
287.1/1013
302.6/1013
317.4/1013
331.6/1013
0.4240/-164
0.5462/89
0.5824/-45
0.6011/0
0.6263/20
0.6594/20
0.6838/20
0.7026/20
0.1111/20
0.7301/20
0.7402/20
0.7487/20
0.7563/20
0.7627/20
0.7684/20
0.7733/20
0.7767/22
0.7768/28
0.7776/32
21,22,75,84,88,93
21,75,84,88,93
21,22,75,84,88,93
21,22,75,84,88,112,178,192
3,7,13,21,22,30,75,84,88,93,112,178,192,195
3,5,7,21,22,30,75,78,84,88,93,112,178,192,195
3,5,7,13,21,22,30,75,84,88,93,112,178,192
3,5,7,13,21,22,30,78,84,87,88,93,112,178,192,195
1,5,7,13,21,22,30,84,87,88,93,111,112,178,192
1,3,5,7,18,21,22,30,84,87,88,93,111,112,178,192,195
1,3,7,13,21,22,30,77,83,84,87,88,93,111,112
1,7,17,21,22,30,79,84,87,88,93,111,112,178,185,192
1,7,13,21,30,77,83,84,87,88,93,112,205,206
1,7,17,21,30,84,87,88,93,111,112
1,3,7,21,30,77,83,84,87,88,93,112
1,7,11,15,16,19,21,30,78,84,87,88,93,111,112,192
1,3,7,13,14,21,30,75,77,83,84,88,93,111,112,193
1-3,7,11,14,15,17,19,21,30,75,84,88,93,111
1,3,4,7,14,15,19,21,77,83,84,88,93,97,111,121,
198,221,235
1,3-7,11,14,15,17-19,21,22,79,82,88,91,93,107,
110,111,198
1,3,4,10,14,15,19,21,77,83,86,88,93,111,118,
194,198,232
1,3,4,7,11,14,21,78,83,88,91,93,97,111,115,121,198
1,3,4,10,14,21,77,83,86,88,93,121,198
1,3,4,11,14,17,21,83,86,88,91,93,99,182,198,202,204
1,3-5,14,21,77,83,88,93,118,193,198,232
1-4,7,11,14,21,83,85,88,93,198
1-4,8,14,21,77,83,85,88,93,118,198
1,4,11,13-15,17,19,21,83,85,86,88,90,93,99,100,
111,198
1,3,4,11,14,21,77,83,85,88,91,93,118,198
1-4,6,7,11,14,18,21,82,83,85,86,88,93,110,198
1-4,8,77,83,85,86
1,2,4,11,15,16,19,20,83,85,91,95,97,99,109,111,
115,185,198
1,4,5,77,83,91,109,116,119,198,207
1-4,7,11,77,83,85,86,198
1,4,7,8,10,15,19,77,79,83,85,86,88,91,95,118
1,2,4,7,10,13-15,19,77,78,83,85,86,88,90,91
107,109,111,185,191,193,194,198,207,211,221,
223,232,233
75,109,198
75,77,83,198
12,75,77,83
6,7,10,17,18,21,75,77,82,83,86,93,99,110,198
75
76
10,22,77,83,86
3,11,15,19,77,79,80,83,89,91,95,107,110,111,115,
116,118,205
109
77,80,83,91,100,198
100,109,202,204
6,7,11,15,18,21,77,80,82,83,90,93,110,116,
188,193,198
77,80,83,90
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
16.0
30.1
44.1
58.1
72.2
86.2
100.2
114.2
128.3
142.3
156.3
170.3
184.4
198.4
212.4
226.4
240.5
254.5
268.5
20
282.6
36.7
345.1/1013
0.7550/70
21
296.6
40.4
215/20
0.7583/70
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
310.6
324.6
338.7
352.7
366.7
380.7
394.8
44.4
47.4
51.1
54
57.0
60.0
61.6
222-225/20
234/20
243/20
259/20
262/20
270/20
279-281/20
0.7631/70
0.7641/70
0.7657/70
0.7693/70
0.7704/70
0.7732/70
0.7750/70
29
30
31
32
408.8
422.8
436.9
450.9
64.0
66.0
67.9
70.4
286/20
304/20
302/20
310/20
0.7755/70
0.7795/70
0.7678/100
0.7645/100
33
34
35
36
464.9
478.9
493.0
507.0
71.3
72.9
74.7
76.1
331/20
298.4/4
0.7436/135
0.7783/90
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
531.0
535.0
549.1
563.1
577.1
591.2
605.2
619.2
77.2
79.2
80.5
81.5
81.7
82.9
85.5
86.4
45
46
48
50
633.2
647.2
675.3
703.4
87.2
88.0
88.5-89
92.1
52
731.4
94.0
150/10- 4
332/4
420-422/20
0.7812/90
0.7514/135
1.1.1. cont'd
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
54
56
60
759.5
787.6
843.6
95.0
95.5-96
99.1
61
62
64
65
66
67
69
70
72
80
82
94
857.6
871.7
899.7
913.7
927.8
941.8
969.9
983.9
1012.0
1124.2
1152.2
1320.6
100.3
100.5
102.1
102.1
103.6
104.1
104.7
105.3
103-105
108.0
110.1
113.8
96
98
100
102
104
120
122
140
144
150
160
162
168
192
194
198
210
216
240
242
246
258
288
294
384
390
1348.6
1404.7
1432.8
1460.8
1685.3
1965.8
2021.9
2106.1
2246.4
2358.5
2695.2
2779.4
2947.7
3029.8
3368.5
3396.6
3450.6
3621.0
4039.8
4126.0
5386.4
5470.5
b.p. (C/mbar)
d4 (g/cm3)/C
250/10" 4
0.7654/135
300/10" 4
0.783/115
110-112
113-114
115.2
115.5-116.5
115-115.5
119.2
116-117
121.0
121
123-123.5
122.2
121-121.5
121.9
127.5
126.9
127.0
127.4
128.4
120-121
128-130
128.8
128.8
130.4
131.3
132
Refs.
2,7,77,80,83,90
106,204
6,7,18,21,77,80,82,83,90,93,104,109,110,187,188,
190,193,198
109
2,7,77,80,83,90,116
2,7,13,22,77,79,80,83,90
109
9,77,80,83,90
9,77,80,83,90
109
6,7,18,21,77,80,82,83,90,93,100,110,116
100,202
18,82,104,109
20,77,80,81,83,89,110,188
15,19,20,77,79,80,83,100,103,107,110,
116-118,188,204
100,202
229
18,22,77,80-83,93,104,110,185
105,108,183,203
106,203,204
82,98,104,200,202
229
82
98,200,202
105,108,183,203,227,248
104,108
229
98,114,177,189,199,200,202,221
98,186,189,200-202,225
224,229
105,108,183,184,197,203,224-227,229,248
224,229
98,200,202,225
189,199
229
105,108,181,183,184,203,224-227,229,249
224,229
98,200,202
108,183,203,224,225,229,248
98,200
105,108,183,203,229,248
Conformation, chain folding: Refs. 108,178 (n = 2-10,12), 179 (n = 9-44), 181,183,184,193,194,202,205-208,211,226,227,248.

Crystallization: Refs. 168,177-179,181,183,184,188-190,194,197,199-202,211,224-227,248.
Thermal behavior, phase transitions, DSC: Refs. 88,98,107,107,109,119,181,184,186-191,193,197-204,217,221,224-226,246.
NMR: Refs. 95,97 (n = 19,22,32), 99 (n = 6,8,10,14,18,24,28), 100,179,187,191,205,206,221,229,246.
IR, Raman: Refs. 98,108,116,119,178,182,192-194,200,202,232,248.
X-ray: Refs. 100,107,109,112,119,183,184,187,190,191,198,206,223,224,226,233.
Electron diffraction: Refs. 187,188.
MS: Ref. 195.
GPC: Ref. 185.
1.1.2. CYCLOALKANES r [CH2]ni

n
MoL wt.
3
4
5
6
7
8
42.1
56.1
70.1
84.2
98.2
112.2
m.p. (0C)
-127.5
-90
-93.9
6.6
-8.0
13.5
b.p. (C/mbar)
d4 (g/cm3)/C
Refs.
-32.8/1013
12.5/1013
49.3/1013
80.7/1013
118.5/1013
149/1000
0.688/-40
0.7038/0
0.7457/20
0.7784/20
0.8098/20
0.8349/20
23,24,93,94,178
25,93,94,178,232
26,93,94,178,183,195
27-29,93,94,99,111,178,183,195
29,31,93,94,178,195
32-34,93,94,99,178,195,208
1.1.2. cont'd
n
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
b.p. (C/mbar)
d4 (g/cm3)/C
Refs.
9.7
9.5
-7.3
60.6
69/19
69/16
91/16
0.8534/20
0.8575/20
0.8591/20
0.861/20
128/27
131/15
0.861/20
0.8259/79
147/16
170-171/27
0.8240/78
0.819/79
29,34,93,94,178,208
29,35,36,93,94,99,178,180,208
29,37,93,94,99,208
29,38,39,40,93,94,99,101,111,114,178,180,196,
208,214,215,217,232
29,34,38,40,93,94,99,196,208,217
17,29,38,40,41,93,94,99,180,196,208-210,214,
217,218,220
29,38,40,44,93,94,99,196,208,217
16,38,40-42,93,94,99,111,169,180,196,208,209,
212,214,217,220
40,43,44,93,94
17,40-42,45,93,94,99
40,93,94,99
18,40,41,93,94,99,111
41,94,99,102
38,40,43,48,94,96,99,220
46,48,94,99
38,40,41,45,48,94-99,100,101,111,114,169,196,
202,210,211,213-217,219,228,235,246
47,94
38,40,43,48,94,99,210
41,94,102
38,41,48,94,97,99,102,111,219,222
38,94,99
18,41,42,45,48,90,93,94,99,102
41,48,94,97,99,102,111,169,222
48,92,94,113
41,45,94,97,99,100,101,102,111,114,115,120,196,
211,214,215,217,228,248,256
99
18,41,93,97,99,102,111,115,216,219,222,248,256
42,102
99,100
41,102
222
97,98,100,101,111,114,115,120,196,198,200,
202,207,211,213,217,230,235,248,256
18
41,102
101,120,211,247
97,111,115,234,248,256
98,100,101,120,196,198,200,202,207,211,213,
216,217,228,230,231,235
97,111,115,248,256
101
96,98,100,120,196,198,202,216,217,230,231,235
228
248,256
211,228
219,248,256
98,100,198,200,202,230
219,248,256
177
98
228,248,256
98,100,202,230
9
10
11
12
126.2
140.3
154.3
168.3
13
14
182.4
196.4
24.4
56.2
15
16
210.4
224.4
63.4
60.5
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
238.5
252.5
266.5
280.5
294.6
308.6
322.6
336.6
65
72-73
80
61-62
64-65
46.8
53-54
48.8
25
26
27
28
29
30
32
34
36
350.7
364.7
378.7
392.8
406.8
420.8
448.9
476.9
505.0
53-54
44-46
47-48
47-48
54.5-55.5
57-58
65.5-66.5
66-67
70.0
37
40
42
44
45
46
48
519.0
561.1
589.2
617.2
631.2
645.2
673.3
65-66
76-77
75-76
82-82.5
80-81
83.5-85
89.2
50
54
60
64
72
701.4
757.5
841.6
897.7
1009.9
87-88
90-91
96.5
80
84
96
100
104
120
128
144
160
168
192
200
288
1122.2
1178.3
1346.6
1402.7
1683.2
1795.5
2019.9
2294.3
2356.5
2693.2
2805.4
4039.8
107.0
0.8200/77
0.8201/76
177/0.5
177/0.1
222-228/0.8
0.8174/75
0.8259/64
218-219/0.7
0.8120/78
213-214/0.3
215/1.5
230/0.3
0.8243/58
0.8232/64
0.8233/69
0.8261/70
0.8229/76
230-240/0.4
13
C-NMR
103.5-104.5
13
108.8
116.0
120.8
124.3
129.8
C-NMR
Conformation, chain folding: Refs: 94,97,113,178 (n = 3-10,12), 179 (n = 3-96), 180,187,202,207-209,211-213,215-217,219,220,228,230,231,234,235,246,248.

Crystallization: Refs. 178,179,217,230,234,248.
Thermal behavior, phase transition, DSC: Refs. 96,101,179,196,209,216-221,230,246.
NMR: Refs. 95,97,99 (n = 6,8,10-16,18-24,26,28-30,32,36,37,40,44), 100 (n = 24,26,44,48,72,96), 111,114,115,179 (n = 3-96), 180,189,214-219,234,246,248,256.
IR, Raman: Refs. 92,96,178,179,200,202,209,220,235.
X-ray: Refs. 113,120,179,202,210,211,215,216,218,223,230,256.
Electron diffraction: Refs. 230,231.
GPC.Ref. 211.
1.2. OLIGO(PERFLUOROMETHYLENES) AND OLIGO (PERFLUOROETHYLENES)

1.2.1. PERFLUORO-w-ALKANES F[CF 2 LF
n
MoL wt.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
14
16
18
20
24
88.0
138.0
188.0
238.0
288.1
338.1
388.1
438.1
488.1
538.1
588.1
638.1
738.1
838.2
938.2
1038.2
1238.2
m.p. (0C)
b.p. (C/mbar)
-183.6
-96.6
-147.7
-129.2
-125.4
90.7
93.3
-19.0
-16
36
57
75.3
d4 (g/cm3)/C
Refs.
1.619/-129
1.590/-78
22,49,63,64,125,130,179
49,50,63,64,125,130,154,179
22,51,52,64,125,130,131,179
22,52-54,64,125,126,129,132,139,144,179,241
22,52,54-56,124,129
22,52,57,58,124-126,134,144,175,179
22,52,56,59,125,128,134,144,175,179
22,52,59,125,134,144,175,179
22,52,59,127
22,52,59,127
22,52,59
22,52,59,127,175,179,250,251
124,127,133,179,240,249
54,59,127,175
124,127,133
124,127,133,175,179,243-245,249,252
175,242,243,245
-128/1005
-78.3/1013
-36.7/1013
-2.2/1013
29.2/1013
57.2/1013
82.2/1013
103.3/1013
125.3/1013
144.2/1013
161/1013
178/1013
IR, Raman spectr.
232/1013
IR, Raman spectr.
IR, Raman spectr.
IR, Raman spectr.
129.0
164.7
192.0
1.620/20
1.6995/20
1.7333/20
1.776/25
1.799/25
1.770/45
1.745/70
1.670/113.5
1.2.2. PERFLUORO-CYCLOALKANES J-[CH2IfI

n
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
b.p. (C/mbar)
150.0
200.0
250.0
300.0
350.0
400.0
450.0
500.0
-80
-38.7
10.3
58.2
-37
-55
-56
-44
-31.5/1013
-2/1013
22.5/1013
51 (subl.)
76.2/1013
101.5/1013
124.6/1013
146.5/1013
Refs.
60,61
61,63,144
51,54-56,61,64
51,56,59,64,65,144
51,59
59
59
59
1.2.3. oc,co-DISUBSTITUTED PERFLUORO-rc-ALKANES X-[CF 2 J n -X

X
MoI. wt.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
10
2
4
6
8
10
12
2
4
6
8
10
4
6
8
10
2
4
52.0
102.0
152.0
202.0
252.1
302.1
352.1
402.1
502.1
194.2
294.2
394.3
494.3
594.3
694.3
258.4
358.4
458.5
558.5
658.5
318.1
418.1
518.1
618.2
164.1
264.1
CH3S
CH3SO2
CH3COO
HOCH2
m.p. (0C)
42-43
b.p. (C/mbar)
-51.6/1013
-20/1013
10-11/1013
43.5/1013
66.5/1013
88.5-89.5/1013
104.2/1013
130.6/1013
153-154/1013
67-70/53
80-83/27
81-84/5
102-106/5
90-94/1
118-122/1
125
151
168
171
187
115-116/133
121-123/67
126-127/33
144-146/33
81-82
69
135-136/36
Refs.
144,145
146
135-137,144
136
135-137,144
136,137
136,137
135-137
135
135
135
135
135
135
135
135
135
135
135
135
135
135
135
135
135
1.2.3. cont'd
X
MoI. wt.
2
4
6
8
10
353.8
453.8
553.8
653.8
753.8
m.p. (0C)
b.p. (C/mbar)
Refs.
113/1013
149/1013
186/1013
222/1013
258/1013
236
236
236
236
236
1.2.4. a,co-DISUBSTITUTED PERFLUORO-rc-ALKANES WITH DIFFERENT ENDGROUPS X-[CF 2 L-Y

X
Y n
Cl
(CF 3 ) 2 CF
MoI. wt.
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
2
3
4
5
7
12
4
6
136.5
186.5
236.5
286.5
336.5
386.5
436.5
486.5
536.5
586.5
636.5
686.5
736.5
120.0
170.0
220.0
270.0
370.0
620.0
495.9
596.0
m.p.
b.p. (C/mbar)
-10/1013
21/1013
50/1013
77/1013
100/1013
122.5/1013
144.5/1013
162.5/1013
162.5/1013
177/1013
202/1013
213/1013
227-228/1013
-48.5/1013
-16/986
14/986
46/986
94/986
46
52
78
87
95
df (g/cm3)
1.556
1.607
1.661
1.719
1.738
1.778
72
139/1026
189/1008
Refs.
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
240,252
240
240
240
240
250,251
237
237
1.2.5. SEMIFLUORINATED n-ALKANES F-[CF 2 ] m -[CH 2 ] n -H

m
MoI. wt.
1
6
7
8
10
10
10
10
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
1
12
7
8
84.0
488.3
468.3
532.3
540.3
632.4
660.4
688.4
648.2
676.2
704.3
732.4
760.4
788.4
816.5
844.5
872.6
800.6
8
10
12
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
m.p. (0C)
b.p. (C/mbar)
-46.7/1013
-13.0
27.0
35
53.0
64
65
71.0
76.0
84
88
92
91
93
94
97
100
Refs.
155,176
138,176
255
138,176
251
138,176
138,176,251,255
138,176,251
138,176,250,251,255
138,176,250,251,255
138,176,250,251,255
138,176,251
138,176,251
138,176,250,251,255
138,176,251
138,176,251
138,176,251
138,176,250,251,255
1.2.6. ANIONIC OLIGOMERS OF PERFLUORO-rc-ALKENES (MAJOR OLIGOMERS, cisltrans MIXTURES)

n
Compound
MoI. wt.
b.p. (C/mbar)
400.1
500.1
95-96/1013
135-138/1012
CF 2 =CF 2 (Refs. 238,239,243):

4
5
1.2.6. cont'd
n
Compound
MoI. wt.
b.p. (C/mbar)
600.1
160-165/1013
300.1
450.1
46-48.5/1013
46-48.5/1013
114.8/1013
110-115/1013
110-115/1013
1.2.7. PERFLUORO-1-ALKENES F-[CF 2 L-CF=CR 2

n
MoL wt.
1
2
3
5
7
150.0
200.0
250.0
350.0
450.1
b.p. at ~ 983 mbar (0C)
nf
-29
1
28-29
81
123
Refs.
240
240
240
240
240
1.2571
1.2782
1.2868
Conformation; Crystallization: Refs. 126,179,242,243-245,251.

Phase transition, DSC: Refs. 55,125,138,175,176,179,242,244,245,249,251.
NMR: Refs. 134,179,250,251.
X-ray: Refs. 65,138,175,176,179,244,245.
IR, Raman: Refs. 125-127,133,138,175,176,241,242,245,249,250,255.
MS: Ref. 56.
1.3.
OLIGO(ISOBUTENES)
m.p. (0C)
Compound
MONOMER (mol. wt.
b.p. (C/1013mbar)
df (g/cm3)
56.1)
Isobutene CH 2 =C(CH 3 ) 2
- 6
DiMERS (mol. wt. 112.2; Refs. 66-70,72,74,122,141,143,147,148,150-152,153)

2,4,4-Trimethyl-l-pentene
-93.6
101.4
0.7150
-106.5
104.9
0.7212
112.3
0.7392
116.3
0.7434
108
0.729
108.4
0.7352
105.0
0.7481
2,4,4-Trimethyl-2-pentene
-113.4
2,3,3-Trimethyl- 1-pentene
-69
1,1,3-Trimethyl-cyclopentane
1.3. cont'd
m.p. (0C)
Compound
TRiMERS (mol. wt. 168.3, Refs. 71,73,74,123,140,142,143,147-149,151,152)

1,1 -Dineopentylethylene
CH2=C[CH2C(CH3)2]2
b.p. (0C/1013 mbar)
178.0/1013
df
(g/cm3)
0.7599
2,2,4,6,6-Pentamethyl-3-heptene
13
(CH 3 ) 3 C-CH=C-CH 2 -C(CH 3 ) 3
C-NMR
CH3
TETRAMERS (mol. wt. 224.4; Refs. 74,141-143,147,151,152)
2,2,6,6,8,8-Hexamethyl-4-methylene-nonane
(CH 3 ) 3 C- C H 2 - C - CH 2 - C(CH3)2 C H 2 - C(CH3)3
106-107/11
C-NMR
13
CH2
2,2,4,6,6,8,8-Heptamethyl-4-nonene
(CH 3 ) 3 C- C H 2 - C = C H - C(CH 3 ) 2 - C H 2 - C(CH3)3
13
C-NMR
CH3
1.4.
x
OLIGO(l-ALKENYLENES)
n
3
4
5
6
n=
7
8
10
13
Configuration
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
2
cisltrans
108.2
-70
3
cisltrans
162.3
4
cisltrans
216.3
5
cisltrans
270.4
6
cisltrans
324.5
n = 4-13 cisltrans GC Refs. 161,166
/1 = 4-7,10,11 cisltrans 1H-, 13C-NMR Ref. 161
2
cis
136.2
21-23
2
cw
164.3
0
3
cisltrans
246.4
4
cis
328.6
25-27
2
cis
192.3
46
3
cisltrans
288.5
2
c/5
220.4
18.5
3
cisltrans
330.6
2-8 (cisltrans): GPC, b.p., /ig\ IR, UV, MS Refs. 158-160
2
ds
248.4
38.5
2
cis
276.5
38-39
1
cisltrans
166.3
2
cw/ftww
332.6
54-55
trans/trans
IR: 970 cm" 1
translcis
970, 725Cm"1
cislcis
725 cm" 1
3
cw/fra/w
498.3
4
cisltrans
665.2
/i = 2-14: MS Refs. 167,168
/i = 2-9: GPC Ref. 160
rc
= 2-7: MS Ref. 166
b.p. (C/mbar)
J?
150.8/1002
104/15
88-91/0.07
105-110/0.07
162/0.1
51/0.5 {cisltrans)
112/0.5
48/0.001 (cisltrans)
116/0.001
89/0.07 (cisltrans)
130/0.07
122/0.4 (cisltrans)
123-124/0.2 (cisltrans)
100/0.11
150/0.09
220/0.12
255/0.12
Refs.
163,170-172
164,173,174
161,164
161,164
161
1.4972
1.4971
162
40,157,162
157
40
40,157
157
40,157,158
157,158
40,157
40,157
156
156-158,160
156
156
156
156
156
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TABLE 2. OLIGO(DIENES)
2.1. OLIGOMERS OF 1,3-BUTADIENE
Oligomers
MoI. wt
LINEAR DIMERS
108.2
m.p. (0C)
3-Methyl-l-fras-4,6-heptatriene
CH 2 =CH-CH(CH 3 )-CH=CH-CH=CH 2
1,3,6-Octatriene
b.p. (C/mbar)
nDlC
Refs.
117/1013
1.4657/20
13,14,33,35,36,38
129/1013
1.4743/20
33,36
CH2=CH-CH=CH-CH2-CH=CH-CH3
1,3,7-Octatriene
31,32,35,36,39
CH2=CH-CH=CH-CH2-CH2-CH=CH2
trans
CW
2,4,6-Octatriene {cisltrans)
124-125/1013
115-117/1013
65-66/53
1.4686/20
1.4594/20
39
39
34,40,41
147-148/1019
230-232/1013
1.5131/27
34,40,41
42,43
CH 3 - C H = C H - C H = C H - C H = C H - C H 3
all-trans
A3'3'-Octahydro-diphenyl
3
162.3
Vinylcyclopolyenes p [(CH 2 CH= CHCH 2 ^CH(CH= CH2)CH2]-]
4-Vinyl-l-cyclohexene
52.5
108.2
129-130/1013
1.4642/20
1-7,34-37,44,48,49
270.4
~ 136/1.3
1.5093/20
37
324.5
~ 170/1.3
1.5098/20
37
108.2
(*=D
17-Vinyl-all-frarcs-l,5,9,13-cyclooctadecatetraene
(X = A)
21-Vinyl-all-fras-l,5,9,13,17cyclodocosapentaene (x = 5)
1,2-Divinyl-cyclobutane
cis
38/51
trans
1.4563
1,8,48,49
112-113/1013
1.4451/20
8,44,48,49
-70.1
-62
150.8/1002
1.4936/20
1.4933/20
34
-16.8
-9 to-8
19-20
237.5/1013
241.5/1013
244/1013
~97/l
1.5005/20
1.5078/20
1.5129/20
1.507/20
1,3-10,35-37
1,4,8,9
4
5-7,10-12,35-37
5-7,12,45,46
5,6,12,45-47
6,12,46
37
CYCLOPOLYENES
1,5-Cyclooctadiene
cis,cis
trans,trans
1,5,9-Cyclododecatriene
trans,trans,trans
cis,trans,trans
cis,cis,trans
All-/ras-l,5,9,13-cyclohexadecatetraene
216.4
All-rram-l,5,9,13,17-cycloeicosapentaene
270.4
~ 142/1
1.5133/20
37
All-rraiw-l,5,9,13,17,21-cyclotetracosahexaene
324.5
~ 176/1
1.5133/20
37
108.2
162.3
2.2. OLIGOMERS OF ISOPRENE

Oligomers
MoI. wt.
136.3
b.p. (C/mbar)
nD/ C
Refs.
176/1013
1.4721/25
50,51
136.3
57-58/16
1.4794
136.3
54/13
1.4786/20
11,29,30
136.3
167/1013
1.4704/25
50
136.3
161/1013
1.4570/25
50
204.3
78/1.3
1.4963/20
53
204.3
70/1.3
1.4786/20
53
272.5
160/1.3
1.5013/20
53
frans-l,2-Dimethyl-l,2-divinylcyclobutane
136.3
134.5-135/992
1.4541/27
49
trans-1 -Isopropenyl-2-methyl-2- vinylcyclobutane
136.3
152.5-153/992
1.4591/27
49
trans-1,2-Diisopropenylcyclobutane
136.3
155.1-155.4/987
1.4585/29
49
4-Isopropenyl-l-methyl-1-cyclohexene (dipentene) (D,L)
136.3
178/1013
1.4727/18
15-17,
55,62,71
6-Isopropenyl-3-methyl-l-cyclohexene (diprene) (D,L)
136.3
173-175/1000
1.4735/20
15,16,
59,71
2,4-Dimethyl-4-vinyl-1 -cyclohexene
136.3
162/1000
1.4654/20
11,29,30,
49,55,
58-60,71
1,4-Dimethyl-4-vinyl-1 -cyclohexene
136.3
160.5-161.5/988
1.4658/28
11,17,30,
49,53,55,
57-59,71
cis,cis 1,5-Dimethyl-1,5-cyclooctadiene
136.3
182.4/988
1.4863/28
49,54,
56-59,71
cis,cis 2,5-Dimethyl-1,5-cyclooctadiene
136.3
182.5-184/992
1.4870/27
49,54,
56-59,71
LINEAR OLIGOMERS
2,7-Dimethyl-l-rrayw-3,7-octatriene
CH 2 =C(CH 3 )-CH=CH-CH 2 -CH 2 -C(CH 3 )=CH 2
2,6-Dimethyl-l,3,6-Octatriene
CH2=C(CH3)-CH=CH-CH2-C(CH3)=CH-CH3
2,7-Dimethyl-l-/ra5-3,6-octatriene
CH 2 =C(CH 3 )-CH=CH-CH 2 -CH=C(CH 3 )-CH 3
2,6-Dimethyl-l-mms-3,7-octatriene
CH2=C(CH3)-CH=CH-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH=CH2
3-Methyl-6-methylene-l,7-octadiene
CH2=CH-C(CH3)-(CH2)2-C(=CH2)-CH=CH2
2,6,10-Trimethyl-l-/ra^-3,5,10-dodecatetraene
CH2=C(CH3)-CH=CH-CH=C(CH3)-(CH2)3-C(CH3)=CH-CH3
7,ll-Dimethyl-3-methylene-l-fran5-6,ll-dodecatriene (P-farnesene)
CH 2 =C(CH 3 )-(CH 2 )3-C(CH 3 )=CH-(CH 2 ) 2 -C(=CH 2 )-CH=CH 2
2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl- l-trans-3,6,10,14-hexadecapentaene
CH2=C(CH3)CH=CH-[CH2C(CH3)=CHCH2]3=H
6,30,52,27
CYCLIC OLIGOMERS
2.2. cont'd
Oligomers
MoI. wt.
l,5,10-Trimethyl-d5,rra5,rraw5-l,5,9-cyclododecatriene
204.3
2.3.
b.p. (C/mbar)
nD/C
Refs.
1.5120
61
b.p. (C/mbar)
/>/C
Refs.
53/1.2
1.5135/25
63-66
1.5339/25
9,63-66
138/17
OLIGOMERS OF 1,3-BUTADIENE DERIVATIVES
Monomer
Oligomers
m.p. ( 0 C)
MoI. wt.
l-Chloro-4-(a-chloro-vinyl)-l-cyclohexene
177.1
l,6-Dichloro-l,5-cyclooctadiene
177.1
13.8
64/0.33
2,3-Dichloro-l,3-butadiene
Hexafluoro-l,3-butadiene
3,4,7,8-Tetrachloro-l,5-cyclooctadiene
Cyclic dimer
2
2
246.0
324.1
98-99
40
140-146/4.8
80/1013
63
20,21
2-Cyano-l,3-butadiene
4-Vinyl-l,4-dicyano-l-cyclohexene
158.2
55-56
110-112/1.3
69
l-Phenyl-l,3-butadiene
3-Phenyl-4-/ras-styryl-l-cyclohexene
260.4
189-191/3
67
2-Phenyl-l,3-butadiene
l,4-Diphenyl-4-vinyl-l-cyclohexene
260.4
60
220-222/17
68
l,3-Diphenyl-l,3-butadiene
l,3,4-Triphenyl-4-fra7w-styryl-l-cyclohexene
412.3
137-138
2-Chloro-l,3-butadiene
2.4.
1,4-OLIGO(ALKADIENES) CH 3 CH 2 - [ C H 2 - C X = C H - C H 2 ] -CH 2 CH 3
Configuration
cis
trans
M-cis
All-trans
AU-CiJ
CH 3
18,19
3
1
2
3
4
MoI. wt.
b.p. (C/mbar)
nD/C
112.2
121.7/985
121.4/985
90-91/23
87-88/23
120-125/2
138-140/1013
92/7
98/0.3
140/0.2
1.4136/20
1.4116/20
1.4455/23
1.4415/24
1.4638/19
1.4224/20
1.4540/20
1.4729/20
1.4878/16
166.3
220.4
126.2
194.3
262.5
330.6
Refs.
87
87
85
85
86
75
75
75
75
2.5.
OLIGOMERS OF CYCLOPENTADIENE AND 1,3-CYCLOHEXADIENE
Oligomers
MoI. wt.
Dicyclopentadiene
endo
exo
132.2
m.p. ( 0 C)
b.p. (C/mbar)
nDlC
Refs.
84
32
163/1021
170/1017
1.5070/25
22,23,49,70,74
49,70,72
Tricyclopentadiene
3
198.3
68
251/1021
22,23,74,84
264.4
207
344/1021
22,23,74,84
132.2
170-172/1013
160.3
229/1013
Tetracyclopentadiene
/rarcs-Tricyclo[5,3,0,02'6]-3,9-decadiene
Dicyclohexadiene
2.6.
1.5080/25
49,70
22,73,74
OLIGOMERS OF ALLENE
Oligomers
DIMERS
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
b.p. (C/mbar)
nD/C
Refs.
80.1
1,2-Dimethylene-cyclobutane
74/1013
1.4690/20
24-27,77,81,82
1,3-Dimethylene-cyclobutane
69/1013
1.4485/20
77-80
68-69/80
1.4919/25
76,77
68-69/80
1.4919/25
76
TRIMERS
120.2
1,2,4-Trimethylene-cyclohexane
1,3,5-Trimethylene-cyclohexane
33.5-35
3-Methylenebicyclo-[4,2,0]-octa-l(6)-ene
1.5-(or l,6-)-Dimethylenespiro-[3,3]heptane
TETRAMERS
2,6- + 2,7-Dimethylenebicyclo-[4,4,0]-dec-9,10-ene (P-tetramer)
UV, 1H-NMR, MS
77
IR, UV, 1H-NMR, MS
77
160.3
107-108/17
1.5248/25
24,25,28,60,83
2.6. cont'd
Oligomers
MoI. wt.
1,3,5,7-Tetramethylene cyclooctane
PENTAMERS
m.p. ( 0 C)
b.p. (C/mbar)
60/4.7
nD/C
1.5102/25
Refs.
76
200.4
6 '-Methylene-3 ',4',7 ',8 '-tetrahydrospiro[2- and 3-methylene]-cyclobutane-1,2'(1 'H,5 'H)-naphthalene + 7 '-methylene-3 ',4',5 ',6 '-tetrahydrospiro[2- and
3-methylene]cyclobutane-l,2'-(l 'H,8 'H)-naphthalene
73/0.03
1.5307/20
24,88
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41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
R. Kuhn, Ch. Grundmann, Chem. Ber., 71, 442 (1938).

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TABLE 3. OLIGO(ACETYLENES)
3.1. LINEAR OLIGOMERS OF ACETYLENE

b.p. (C/mbar)
d (g/cm3)/C
MoI. wt.
nf
Refs.
Vinylacetylene
CH2=CH-C = CH
52.1
5/1009
0.705/0
Divinylacetylene
CH2=CH-C = C-CH=CH2
l,3-Hexadiene-5-yne cisltrans
CH2=CH-CH=CH-C= CH
78.1
84.5-85/1013
0.772/20
1.5055
1-3
78.1
81-82/1013
0.780/28
1.4900
1,2,4-6,25
l,3,7-Octatriene-5-yne
CH 2 =CH-CH=CH-C= C-CH=CH2
(E)-: GC; 1H-, 13C-NMR; Ref. 7
(Z)-: GC; 1H-, 13C-NMR; Ref. 7
105.1
10/27
0.830/20
1.5834
1,2,7
1,2
3.2.
POLYENYNE OLIGOMERS ( C H 3 ) 3 C - [ O C - C H = C H ] n - C = C-C(CH 3 ) 3
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
1
2
3
5
7
188.3
238.4
288.4
388.5
488.6
69-72
118-120
155-156
22Od
204 d
26
26
26
26
26
3.3.
JC
1
5
6
OLIGOMERIC a,co-DIYNES H[Cs C - ( C H 2 ) ^ - C s C]rtH

/i
MoI. wt.
1
2
3
1
2
4
1
2
4
1
2
4
1
2
1
2
4
64.1
126.1
188.2
78.1
154.2
30.4
92.1
182.3
362.5
106.2
210.3
418.6
120.2
238.4
134.2
266.4
530.8
m.p. (0C)
-20 to-19
65-66
103-104
99-100
167-168 d
-84.8
--5
60-61
21-22
93-94
-27.3
21-22
b.p. (C/mbar)
wD/C
63-64/1013
87.5-88.5/1011
1.4381/23
111.5/1013
110-111/0.9
1.4423/20
93-95/253
119-120/0.1
1.4521/18
1.5205/23
162/1013
1.4490/20
1.5119/26
68-71/18
30-31
59-61
Refs.
8
8,9
8
10
11-14
11,12
15
11,12
11,12
16
11,17
11,17
15
11,12
18
11,12
11,12
3.4. OLIGO(ALKYNES) H[C= C-(CH 2 )Jn-C = CH

x
1
2
4
3.5.
MoI. wt.
1
2
3
4
6
1
2
1
2
3
7
8
64.1
102.1
140.2
178.2
254.3
78.1
130.2
106.2
186.2
266.4
586.9
667.0
1
2
3
1
2
120.2
214.3
308.5
134.2
242.4
m.p. (0C)
-21 to-19
21-21.5
44-45
73-74
112-113.5
46
-3
19
36
55
-27.3
8
33
24
b.p. (C/mbar)
nD/C
63-64/1013
1.4833/22
87.5-88.5/1011
61-63/3
93-95/253
111/1.3
167/0.4
1.4381/23
162/1013
113/1.1
170/0.1
68-71/18
131/0.3
1.4490/20
1.4791/26
1.4521/18
1.4775/25
1.4918/25
1.4806/25
Refs.
8
8
8
8
8
10
19
16
9
9
9
9
15
9
9
18
9
CYCLIC OLIGO(ALKYNES) p [ ( C = C ) x - (CH2)y]r\
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
2
4
2
2
2
2
2
160.2
320.5
188.3
216.4
244.4
272.5
300.5
39
71
100
-3.5
97
38-39
106.5
5
6
7
8
9
b.p. (C/mbar)
87/0.3
215/0.3
100-110/0.001
110-120/0.001
160-180/4
145-147/0.01
198-202/0.001
Refs.
9,20,21
9,20
9,20
20
20
20
20
3.5.
cont'd
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
3
4
5
6
7
2
3
4
2
3
4
5
2
3
4
5
6
2
3
4
2
2
2
1
2
2
228.3
304.4
380.5
456.6
532.6
180.2
270.4
360.5
208.3
312.4
416.6
520.7
236.3
354.5
472.7
590.9
709.0
264.4
396.6
528.8
292.4
320.5
348.5
188.3
376.6
284.4
175-180d
170-18Od
165 d
~180d
-180d
115-120 (expl.)
174-175
213-214
163
173-174
154-155
155-157
212
125-126
135-136
144-145
144-145
82
135-136
152-154
171
85
142
18
101-102
>200
7
8
9
10
3
3.6.
b.p. (C/mbar)
Refs.
14
14
14
14
14
11,12
13
13,22
12,13,17,20,22
13,22
13,22
13,22
11-13,20,22
13,22
13,22
13,22
13,22
12,20,22
22
22
20
20,22
20
23
23
20
PERICYCLYNES p[C=C-C(CH 3 ) 2 ],n
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
5
6
7
8
330.5
396.6
462.7
528.8
201-202
249-250
173-174
189-190
24
24
24
24
REFERENCES
1. J. A. Nieuwland, W. S. Calcott, F. B. Downing, A. S. Carter, J.
Am. Chem. Soc, 53, 4197 (1931).
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76, 5494 (1954).
3. R. Lespieau, Guillemonat, Koll.-Z., 63, 84 (1933).
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(1969).
5. J. H. Van Boom, L. Brandsma, J. F. Arens, Rec. Trav. Chim.
Pay-Bas, 85, 952 (1966).
6. F. Sondheimer, D. A. Ben-Efraim, Y. Gaoni, J. Am. Chem.
Soc, 83, 1682 (1961).
7. H. Hopf, L. Eisenhuth, V. Lehne, L. Ernst, Chem. Ber., 119,
1105 (1986).
8. D. A. Ben-Efraim, F. Sondheimer, Tetrahedron, 25, 2823
(1969).
9. J. H. Wotiz, R. F. Adams, C. G. Parsons, J. Am. Chem. Soc,
83, 373 (1961).
10. R. A. Raphael, F. Sondheimer, J. Chem. Soc, 120 (1950).
11. Y. Amiel, F. Sondheimer, R. Wolovsky, Proc Chem. Soc,
1957, p. 22.
12. F. Sondheimer, Y. Amiel, R. Wolovsky, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 79,

6263 (1957).
13. F. Sondheimer, Y. Amiel, R. Wolovsky, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 79,
4247 (1957).
14. F. Sondheimer, R. Wolovsky, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 84, 260
(1962).
15. A. L. Henne, K. W. Greenlee, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 67, 484
(1945); R. Lespieau, Journaud, Compt. Rend., 188, 1410
(1929).
16. H. Bader, L. C. Cross, I. M. Heilborn, E. R. H. Jones, J. Chem.
Soc, 619 (1949).
17. F. Sondheimer, Y. Amiel, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 79,5817 (1957).
18. W. M. Lauer, W. J. Gensler, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 67, 1171
(1945).
19. F. Sondheimer, Y. Gaoni, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 84,3520 (1962).
20. J. Dale, A. J. Hubert, G. S. D., King, J. Chem. Soc, 73, (1963).
21. D. J. Cram, N. L. Allinger, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 78, 2518
(1956).
22. F. Sondheimer, Y Amiel, R. Wolovsky, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 81,
4600 (1959).
23. G. Eglinton, A. R. Galbraith, J. Chem. Soc, 889 (1959); Chem

& Ind., 737 (1956).
24. L. T. Scott, G. J. DeCicco, J. L. Hyun, G. Reinhardt, J. Am.
Chem. Soc, 105, 7760 (1983); 107, 6546 (1985).
TABLE 4.
4.1.
25. A. L. Klebanskii, U. A. Dranitzina, I. M. Dobromilskaya,

Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. USSR, 2, 229 (1935); Chem, Abstr.,
29, 6205 (1935).
26. F. Wudl, S. P. Bitler, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 108, 4685 (1986).
OLIGOMERS WITH ALIPHATIC SIDE CHAINS WHICH IN ADDITION CONTAIN HETEROATOMS
OLIGOMERIC ACRYLIC DERIVATIVES
4.1.1. O L I G O ( A C R Y L I C ACIDS)
4.1.1.1. H[CH2CH(COOH)JnCH3
n
MoI. wt.
1
2
88.1
160.2
232.2
m.p. (0C)
Configuration
-46
128
141
167.5-170.0
160.0-163.0
153.5-154.5
Isotactic (meso)
Syndiotactic (racemic)
Isotactic (meso)
Heterotactic (racemic)
Syndiotactic (meso)
b.p. (C/mbar)
Refs.
153/1012
1-3,11
1-3,11
3,78
3,78
3,78
4.1.1.2. (CH3)2C(COOH)-[CH2CH(COOH)]n-C(COOHXCH3)2
n
MoI. wt.
1
2
3
4
246.3
318.3
390.4
462.5
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
30-35
70-80 a
181-183
80-82
4
4
4
5
p-Nitrobenzyl ester.
4.1.2. OLIGO (ACRYLATES)

4.1.2.1. H[CH2CH(COOH)JnCH3
n
MoI. wt.
1
2
102.1
188.2
274.3
Configuration
b.p. (C/mbar)
Isotactic (meso)
Isotactic (meso)
Syndiotactic (meso)
nD/C
91.5/990
64/0.9
NMR
163/15
160/15
156/15
1.4440
1.4420
1.4407
nf
Refs.
1.3838/20
1.4258
6
3,6,101
3
3,6,78
3,6,78
3,6,78
4.1.2.2. Anionic Oligomers RO[CH2CH(COOR)JnH

R
MoI. wt.
b.p. (C/mbar)
CH 3
CH 3
C2H5
C2H5
1
2
1
2
118.1
204.2
146.2
246.3
55-56/27
90/1
75-77/27
82/0.15
Refs.
7
7
7,42,56
7,42,56,62
1.433
1.446
4.1.2.3. Unsaturated Oligomers

Oligomers
Dialkyl-A2-dihydromuconate (trans)
ROOC-CH=CH-CH2CH2COOR
Dialkyl-A3-dihydromuconate
ROOC-CH2-CH=CH-CH2COOR
Dialkyl-oc-methyleneglutarate oligomers
MoI. wt.
b.p. (C/mbar)
/if?
CH3
C2H5
CH3
C2H5
CH3
2
2
2
2
1
172.2
200.2
172.2
200.2
172.2
86-88/1.3
80-84/1.3
74-75/1.3
107-108/1.3
59/0.3
1.4497
Refs.
42,44,58,60,61,63
58
42,58,60,63
58,63
7,8,42,44,62
4.1.2.3. cont'd
Oligomers
MoI. wt.
b.p. (C/mbar)
C2H5
2
3
4
1
258.2
344.3
430.4
200.2
120/0.9
166-168/0.4
180/0.03
52-53/0.2
C H 2 = C ( C O O R ) - [ C H 2 C H ( C O O R ) ] nH
4.1.3.
1.0392
Refs.
8
8
8
42,52,56,62
ANIONIC OLIGOMERS OF ACRYLAMIDE CH 2 =CHCO-[NHCH 2 CH 2 CO] n NH 2
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
1
2
142.2
213.2
149-150
179-181
110-112
112
4.1.4.
nf
OLIGO(ACRYLONITRILES)
4.1.4.1. H[CH 2 CH(CN)] n H

n
MoI. wt.
1
2
3
55.1
108.1
161.2
b.p. (C/mbar)
97.1/1013
116-118/6.5
195-196/3.5
nD/C
Refs.
1.3689/15
1.4320/25
1.4609/20
9,45
9,10,45
4.1.4.2. H[CH 2 CH(CN)] n CH 3

na
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
b.p. (C/mbar)
1
2
69.1
122.2
107-108/1013
106/3
94/3
175.2
228.3
-71.5
8.8*
55 C
37-39*
53-54J
80-81e
130-132^
158
(g/cm 3 )
dflC
0.773
0.9051
0.8940
nD/C
Refs.
1.3720/20
1.4191/60
1.4155/60
37
10,11,38,54,80
10,11,38,54,80
10,38,53
10,53
10,53
10
10
n = 2-5 (diastereomers): 13C-NMR, Ref. 35.

Isotactic (meso).
c
Syndiotactic (racemic).
d
Heterotactic (racemic).
e
Syndiotactic (meso).
f Two stereoisomers.
b
4.1.4.3. H[CH(CN)CH 2 I n CH 2 CN
n
MoI. wt.
1
2
3
94.1
147.2
200.2
4.1.4.4.
b.p. (C/mbar)
nD/C
287.4/1013
85/0.01
95/0.01
Refs.
1.4347/20
1.4644/25
9,12
9,12
1,2-Dicyanocyclobutanes
Configuration
cisltrans
cis
trans
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
b.p. (C/mbar)
67-67.5
30.5/31.5
190/20
160/20
#i|f
106.1
1.4628
Refs.
13,42,43,66,81
13,14,79
13,14,79

Oligomers"
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
2,3-Dihydromuconitrile
106.1
76
106.1
b.p. (C/mbar)
iff?
Refs.
14,15,82
NCCH2CH=CHCH2CN
1,4-Dicyano-l-butene
42,46,49,67
CN-CH=CH-CH2CH2CN
cis
trans
CH 2 =C(CN)-CH 2CH 2CN {cisltrans)
2,4,6-Tricyano-l-hexene
CH 2 =C(CN)-CH 2 CH(CN)-CH 2CH 2CN
l,l,4,4-Tetracyanoethyl-l,4-dicyano-2-butene
(NCCH 2 CH 2 ) 2 C(CN)-CH=CH-C(CN)(CH 2 CH 2 CN) 2
l,4-Dicyano-l,3-butadiene
106.1
159.2
318.4
104.1
-19 t o - 1 7
-13 to - 1 2
-9.6
99.5-102.5/0.5
84.5-86.5/0.5
65/0.13
1.4677
1.4646
1.4550
49,50,83
49,50
42,44-48,52
152-164/2.5
1.4762
42,45
240
14,45,46
42,51
NC-CH=CH-CH=CH-CH
cis9cis
128-129
83
transjrans
159-161
97
4.2.
OLIGOMERIC METHACRYLIC DERIVATIVES
4.2.1. OLIGO(METHACRYLIC ACIDS)

4.2.1.1. H[CH2C(CH3)(COOH)]M-C(COOH)(CH3)2
n
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
Refs.
2
3
4
260.3
346.4
432.5
Oil
45-48
56-59
19
18,19
19
m.p. ( 0 C)
Refs.
4.2.1.2. Anionic Oligo(methacrylic acids)

n
MoI. wt.
CH3O-[CH2C(CH3XCOOH)]
2
3
nH
204.2
290.3
82
160
17
17
4.2.2. OLIGO(METHACRYLATES)
4.2.2.1. Anionic Oligo(methacrylates) R O - [ C H 2 C ( C H 3 ) ( C O O O R ) ] n H
R
/i
MoI. wt.
CH 3 O
CH 3 O
1
2
3
4
6
132.2
232.3
332.4
432.5
632.8
H-C 4 H 9 O
W-C 4 H 9 O
1
2
3
4
216.3
358.5
500.7
642.9
b.p. (C/mbar)
147/1013
241/1013
116/0.1
190/0.1
n = 2-10: GPC Ref. 36

59-61/0.13
128-130/0.13
186-90/0.13
246-250/0.4
</ 20 /(g/cm 3 ) 0 C
nf
Refs.
0.7949
1.0540
1.1045
1.12
1.565
1.4053
1.4378
1.4567
1.4681
17,36,41,73
17,36,41
17,36,41
17
17
0.8970
0.9436
0.9736
0.9909
1.4213
1.4400
1.4508
1.4574
74
74
74
74
Isotactic and syndiotactic oligomers, (CH S)3C-[CH2C(CH3)COOCHs]n-H, n = 2-100 (mol. wt. 158.2-10070.0): HPLC, GPC, SFC; DSC (F 8 , r m ) , X-ray (n = 2-5),
NMR, MS; Refs. 114-124.
Reviews: Refs. 114,115.
Properties of specific oligomers: n (isotactic and syndiotactic, resp.) = 2-8,13,14,16,19,21,22-25,27-29,31,36,41,44,45,50,58,80,100.
m.p. (0C), (isotactic oligomers): n = 28: 98.5, n = 31: 104.5, n = 36: 109.6, n = 41: 117.3, n = 44: 124.3; Ref. 116.
4.2.2.2. Unsaturated Oligomersa
CH2=C(COOCH3)-[CH2-X-(COOCH3)],,-CH3
MoL wt.
b.p. (C/mbar)
nf?
CH 2 CH
1
2
1
188.2
276.3
188.2
107/4
173/4
1.4445
1.4588
IR, MS, 1 H-NMR
C(CH 3 )
a
Refs.
16,20,42,59,65,77
16,20,42,59,65,77
Ref. 65,77
Ref. 75
n = 2-4: 2D-COSY-NMR
4.2.2.3. Cyclic Oligomers

Oligomers
Configuration
MoL wt.
CH 3
cis
trans
200.2
2,4,6-Trimethyl-6-methoxy-methyl-cyclohexanone-2,4-dicarboxylate
CH 3
l,3,3,5-Tetramethylcyclohexane-2-one-l,5-dicarboxylate
l,2-Dimethylcyclobutane-l,2-dicarboxylates
CH 3
4,6,7-Trimethyl-3-oxo-7-propyl-2-oxabicyclo-[2,2,2]octane-6-carboxylate
CH 3
3
b.p. (C/mbar)
IR, MS, 1H-NMR

IR, MS, 1H-NMR
268.3
Refs.
65
65
122/0.13
17,36
128-138/3
128-138/3
64,72
64,72
cis
trans
270.1
6-endo
6-exo
268.3
117-119
Oil
64
64
296.4
IR, MS, 1H-NMR
64
52-54
l-Ethyl-4,6,7-trimethyl-3-oxo-7-propyl-2-oxa-bicyclo[2,2,2]octane-6-carboxylate
CH 3
4
6-exo
4.2.3.
m.p. ( 0 C)
OLIGO(METHACRYLOYL CHLORIDES)
Oligomers
MoL wt.
b.p. (C/mbar)
Refs.
2-Chloro-2,5-dimethylcyclopentanone-5-carboxylic chloride
2
209.1
111-117/23
40
2,5-Dimethyl-A 2 -cyclopentenone-5-carboxylic acid chloride

2
209.1
111-117/23
40
4.2.4. ANIONIC OLIGOMERS OF METHACRYLAMIDE CH 2 =C(CH 3 )CO-[NHCH 2 CH(CH 3 )CO] n NH 2

/i
MoI. wt
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
170.2
255.3
340.4
118-120
155-158
195
84
84
84
1
2
3
n = 4-9: GPC, MS, Ref. 84
4.2.5.
OLIGO(METHACRYLONITRILES)
4.2.5.1. Anionic Oligo(methacrylonitriles) CH3O[CH2C(CH3)CN]nH

n
MoI. wt.
b.p. (C/mbar)
1
2
3
4
5
99.1
166.2
233.3
300.4
367.5
160.6/1013
92/0.7
165/0.7
235/0.7
300-305/0.7
nDlC
Refs.
1.4038/20
1.438
1.464
1.478
1.488
113
21,34
21,34
21,34
21,34
Refs.
4.2.5.2. l,2-Dicyano-l,2-dimethyl-cyclobutanes p[CH2C(CH3)(CN)- C(CH3)(CN)CH2]Î

n
Configuration
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
b.p. (C/mbar)
2
2
CW
trans
134.2
134.2
107-108
90.3
170/33
120/33
16,66,89
16,66,89

Oligomers
MoI. wt.
a-Methylene-5-methyladiponitrile
134.2
201.3
m.p. (0C)
b.p. (C/mbar)
iiff
Refs.
148/33
1.4502
16,42,89
194/1.3
1.4720
16
CH3CH(CN)-CH2CH2C(CN)=CH2
5-Cyano-8-methyl-2-methylene-nonanedinitrile
47-49
C H 2 = C ( C N ) - [ C H 2 C H 2 C H ( C N ) ] 2=CH 3
4.3. OLIGOMERS OF 0 ALKYL-SUBSTITUTED VINYL DERIVATIVES

4.3.1.
OLIGO(ESTERS)
Monomer
CH3CH=CHCOOR
Oligomers
MoI. wt.
b.p. (C/mbar)
ff
Refs.
2
2
2
200.2
228.3
200.2
70-80/96
84/0.75
90-110/13
1.4512
252.3
100-102/4
55
252.3
90-93/3
55
2-methyl-3-pentene1,3-dicarboxylate {cisltrans)
OT3CH=C(COOR)CH(CH3)CH2COOR
CH3
C2H5
CH3
W-C3H7CH=CHCOOR
CH3
i-C 3H7CH=CHCOOR
CH3
2-Methyl-4-pentene1,3-dicarboxylate {cisltrans)
CH2=CH-CH(COOR)CH(CH3)CH2COOR
2--Propyl-3-heptene1,3-dicarboxylate
C3H7-CH=C(COOR)CH(CH2COOR)-C3H7
2-Isopropyl-5-methyl4-hexene-1,3-dicarboxylate
(CH3)2C=CH-CH(COOR)CH(CH 2COOR)-CH(CH 3) 2
42,55,68,70,71
42,55,56,69
42,70,71
4.3.2.
OLIGO(CROTONONITRILES)
Oligomers
MoI. wt.
b.p. (C/mbar)
n%
Refs.
l,3-Dicyano-2-methyl-3-pentene(aVfras)
134.2
81-83/0.3
1.4730
42,52,55-57
l,3,5-Tricyano-2,4,6-trimethylcyclohexane
P[CH(CN)-CH(CH 3 )Ig 1
201.3
152-155/0.3
1.4950
42,57
l,3,5-Tricyano-2,4-dimethyl-5-heptene
CH3CH=C(CN)-CH(CH3)CH2CN
150-160/0.13
42,52
CH3CH=C(CN)-CH(CH3)CH(CN)-CH(CH3)CH2CN
4.4.
OLIGO(VINYL) DERIVATIVES
4.4.1.
OLIGO(VINYL ALCOHOLS) AND OLIGO(VINYL ACETATES) H[CH2CHOR] nCH3
2
3
COCH 3
4.4.2.
Configuration
2b
Isotactic (meso)
Mixture
Isotactic
Heterotactic
Syndiotactic
Mixture
3b
MoI. wt.
Isotactic (meso)
Isotactic (meso)
Syndiotactic (meso)
Isotactic (meso)
Mixture
Isotactic
Heterotactic
Syndiotactic
Mixture
104.1
m.p. (0C)
b.p. (C/mbar)
73/4
74/4
120/1.3
120/1.3
1.4327
1.4378
20/1013
201/1013
103-107/27
116-117.5/0.7
115-116/0.7
112-114/0.5
120-122/0.7
1.4172
1.4142
1.4170
1.4342
1.4319
1.4297
1.4320
48-49
67
148.2
nf
87.5-88
188.2
274.3
21-22
32.5-33.5
Refs.
80,86,87
80,86,87
84,85
84,85
84,85
86,88,97
86,88,97
96
84,88
84
84,88
84,96
O L I G O ( V I N Y L CHLORIDES) H[CH2CHCL] n CH 3 a
Configuration
MoL wt.
141.0
203.5
b.p. (C/mbar)
nD20
Refs.
40/16
36/16
140-141/1013
102.5/20
103.5/20
104.5/20
102.5-104.5
1.4409
1.4390
1.4409
1.4722
1.4704
1.4686
1.4699
80,90-95,97
80,90-95,97
95
89,94,95
89,94,95
89,94,95
89
Oligomers (CHs) 3 C-[CH 2 CHCl] n -H, n = 1,2,3 (threo-; erythro-), 4 (ribo-; xylo-; arabino-; lyxo-): HPLC, 13C-NMR, Ref. 39.
2,4-Dibromopentanes and 2,4,6-tribromoheptanes: Kerr Effekt, Ref. 98.
4.4.3.
O L I G O ( V I N Y L ALDEHYDES) AND OLIGO(VINYL KETONES)
Monomer
MoI. wt.
2-Formyl-2,3-dihydropyran
3-Formyl-5,6-dihydropyran
a-Methylacrolein
oc-Ethylacrolein
Acrolein
CH 2 =CHCHO
Oligomers
m.p. ( 0 C)
b.p. (C/mbar)
Refs.
112.1
145-148/1013
22-25
112.1
77-78/16
26,27
2-Formyl-2,5-dimethyl-2,3-dihydropyran
140.2
166/1000
24,28
2-Formyl-2,5-diethyl-2,3-dihydropyran
168.2
195/1013
24
-75
4.4.3. cont'd
Monomer
Oligomers
MoI. wt.
Methyl vinyl ketone
2-Methyl-6-acetyl-5,6-dihydropyran
128.2
140.2
2-Methyl-l-butene-(3)-one
CH 2 =C(CH 3 )COCH 3
Phenyl vinyl ketone
3-Methylene-2,6-heptanedione
CH 3 COC(=CH 2 )CH 2 CH 2 COCH 3
2,6-Dimethyl-3,7-dioxo-l-octene
CH 3 COCH(CH 3 )CH 2 CH 2 COC(CH 3 )=CH 2
2,4-Dibenzoylpentane
168.2
280.4
CH2=CH-CO-C6H5
CH3CH(COC6H5)CH2CH(COC6H5)CH3
Isotactic (meso)
4.4.4.
5-7
b.p. (C/mbar)
Refs.
68/17
29
91-92/7
46
83-85/23
30,99,100
H-NMR
64-65
62-63
99,100
100/1.3
155/1.3
99,100
99,100
OLIGOMERIC N-VINYL DERIVATIVES

Oligomers
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
l,3-Bis-[N-pyrrolidone-(2)-yl]-l-butene
212.3
75
Monomer
N-Vinyl-pyrrolidone
4.4.5.
m.p. ( 0 C)
Ref.
31
OLIGO(VINYL PYRIDINES)
Monomer
2-Vinylpyridine
4-Vinylpyridine
Oligomers
Configuration
MoL wt.
2
Isotactic (meso)
226.3
3
Isotactic (meso)
331.4
4
Isotactic (meso)
436.6
n = 2-7: LC, 1 H-, 13C-NMR Refs. 108,109
sym-Tri(4-pyridyl)-cyclohexane
3
315.4
b.p. ( C/mbar)
106-108/0.33
LC, GC, 1 H-, 13C-NMR
LC, GC, 1 H-, 13C-NMR
m.p. (0C): 228.5
Refs.
102,105-107,109
103,105,107,109
104,103,107,109
32,33
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72. L. Lochmann, M. Rodova, J. Petranek, D. Lim, J. Polym.
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231 (1989).
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1325 (1987).
TABLE 5. OLIGO(STYRENES)
No.
Styrene
Monomer
Oligomers
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
b.p. (C/mbar)
ri^
3-Methyl-l-phenylindane
(2 stereoisomers)
208.3
9.5
25.5
168-169/21
157/16
1.5810
1.5809
Refs.
1-5
5.1. cont'd
No.
Monomer
a-Methylstyrene
MoI. wt.
1,3-Diphenyl-1 -butene
208.3
181-182/27
134-135/1
1,4-Diphenyl-1 -butene
208.3
124/1013
1,2-Diphenylcyclobutane
208.3
1,3,3-Trimethyl- 1-phenylindane
236.4
53
158-160/13
4-Methyl-2,4-diphenyl-2-pentene
236.4
52
166-167/20
1.5728
8,11,12
296.4
237-240/24
1.5703
9,13
266.4
93-94
266.4
173
9,14
9,14
a-Methyl-/?-methoxystyrene
a-Methyl-p-aminostyrene
m.p. ( 0 C)
Oligomers
1,3,3-Trimethy 1-4' ,6-diaminophenylindane
b.p. (C/mbar)
n$
1.5930
1,3,3-Trimethy 1-1-phenylindane4',6-dicarboxylic acid
348.4
297
a-/?-Dimethylstyrene
1,3,3,4',6-Pentamethyl1-phenylindane
264.4
40
1-3,6,23
6,23
1.5913
a-Methyl-p-carboxystyren
Refs.
8-10
142-144/1.1
9,15,16
Next Page
5.1. cont'd
No.
Monomer
oc-Ethylstyrene
Oligomers
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
b.p. (C/mbar)
Refs.
l,3-Diethyl-3-methyl1-phenylindane
264.4
104-106/0.4
1.5642
17
3,5-Diphenyl-5-methyl-2-heptene
264.4
133-135/1.6
1.54345/25
17
a-m-Dimethylstyrene
1,3,3,3 ',7-Pentamethyl1-phenylindane
264.4
57
p-Bromostyrene
cw-l,3-Di(p-bromophenyl)-l-butene
366.1
67-68
18,19
Stilbene
1,2,3,4-Tetraphenylcyclobutane
360.5
164-165
20-22
l,2-Diphenyl-l-/?-tolyethane
272.4
42-43
20
REFERENCES
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Previous Page
30. J. S. Bradshaw, J. Y. K. Hui, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 11, 649

(1974).
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J. S. Bradshaw, J. Y. K. Hui, J. Y. Chan, B. L. Haymore,
J. J. Christensen, R. M. Izatt, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 11, 45
(1974).
32. J. L. Lambert, D. van Ooteghem, E. J. Goethals, J. Polym. Sci.
A-I, 9, 3055 (1971).
33. E. J. Goethals, Adv. Polym. Sci., 23, 103 (1977).
34. A. Noshay, C. C. Price, J. Polym. Sci., 54, 533 (1961).
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36. J. R. Dann, P. P. Chiesa, J. W. Gates, J. Org. Chem., 26, 1991
(1961).
TABLE 8. OLIGOMERS CONTAINING N IN THE MAIN CHAIN
8.1.1.4. Cyclic Oligo(amides) of C-Methyl-$-Alanines

| [NHCHR1CHR2CO]^n
8.1. OLIGO(AMIDES)
8.1.1.
37. F. Vogtle, F. Ley, Chem. Ber., 116, 3000 (1983).

38. F. Vogtle, L. Schunder, Chem. Ber., 102, 2677 (1969).
39. R. H. Mitchell, V. Boekelheide, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 96, 1547
(1974); V. Boekelheide, J. L. Mondt, Tetrahedron Lett., 1203
(1970).
40. K. Galuszko, Rocz. Chem., 49, 1597 (1975).
41. H. J. J.-B. Martel, M. Rasmussen, Tetrahedron Lett., 3843
(1971).
42. B. V. Gorewit, W. K. Musker, J. Coord. Chem., 5, 67 (1976).
43. R. G. GiIUs, A. B. Lacey, Org. Synth., Coll. Vol. IV, 396 (1963).
44. V. Meyer, Chem. Ber., 19, 3259 (1886).
45. J. D. A. Johnson, J. Chem. Soc, 1530 (1933).
46. H. T. Clarke, J. Chem. Soc, 101, 1806 (1912).
Ri
OLIGO(AMIDES) OF p-AMINO ACIDS (NYLON 3)
R2
CH 3
8.1.1.1. Linear Oligo(amides) of (3-Alanine H[NH(CH 2 ) 2 C0] n 0H

n
MoI. wt.
m.p. (d) (0C)
Refs.
1
2
3
4
5
6
89.1
160.2
231.2
302.3
373.4
444.5
206
212
>255
>260
>310
>320
1
2,4,96
3,4,96
4,96
5
5
CH 3
MoL wt.
1
3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
85.1
255.3
85.1
170.2
255.3
340.4
425.5
510.6
595.7
680.8
765.9
851.0
936.0
m.p. (0C)
b.p. (C/mbar)
100/13
300
98-99/20
255
>350
>350
>350
>350
330-335
338-340
327-330
330
325
Refs.
104,105
91
104
84
84,85,87
84
84
84
84
84
84
84
84
8.1.1.5. Linear Oligo(amides) of C-Dimethyl-(3-Alanines

H[NHC(R!) 2 C(R 2 ) 2 CO] n OH
8.1.1.2. Cyclic Oligo(amides) of f3-Alanine r [NH(CH 2 ) 2 CO] n -|
n
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
MoI. wt.
m.p (0C)
Refs.
71.1
142.2
213.2
284.3
355.4
426.5
497.6
568.8
639.7
710.8
781.8
74-74.5
298-299
>360
353
327
360
341
>360
349
>350
>350
6,104,113
4,8,9,72,84,114,116
4,10,84,88,93,101,114,116
4,10,84,114,116
84,114,116
114,116
114,116
114,116
114,116
116
116
Ri
R2
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
CH 3
CH 3
1
3
6
1
3
117.1
315.4
612.8
117.1
315.4
239
209-212
207.5-210.5
217
182-184
R2
CH 3
1
3
MoI. wt.
103.1
273.3
m.p. (0C)
188-189
240-241
8.1.1.6. Cyclic Oligo(amides) of C-Dimethyl- p-Alanines
Ri
R2
MoI. wt.
m.p. (C)
CH 3
1
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
3
99.1
297.4
396.5
495.7
594.8
693.9
793.1
892.3
991.3
1090.5
1189.6
99.1
297.4
255-259.5
270
257
310
290
256
315
252
315
245
16-17
257-258
Refs.
102
92
106
94
94
103
95
n [NHC(R 1 ) 2 C(R 2 ) 2 CO]^- ]
8.1.1.3. Linear Oligo(amides) of C-Methyl- $-Alanines

H[NHCHR i CHR 2CO] nOH
Ri
Refs.
CH 3
b.p. (C/mbar)
70-73/1.1
112/20
Refs.
107
84,91
84
84
84,91
84
84
84
84
84
84
104,105
91
8.1.2. OLIGO(AMIDES) OF y-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID (NYLON 4)
8.1.3. OLIGO(AMIDES) OF-5-AMINOVALERIC ACID (NYLON 5)
8.1.2.1. Linear Oligo(amides) H[NH(CH2)3CO]OH
8.1.3.1. Linear Oligo(amides) H[NH(CH2)4CO]OH
n
1
2
3
4
6
8
10
12
16
20
MoL wt.
m.p. ( C)
Refs.
103.1
188.2
273.4
358.4
528.6
698.8
869.0
1039.3
1379.6
1719.4
204-205
186
198-199
202-203
196-198
206-208
199-203
208
207-209
206-208
11
4,7,12
4
4
133
133
133
133
133
133
8.1.2.2. Cyclic Oligo(amides) ^[NH(CH2)SCO]n-]
n
1
2
3
4
6
8
10
12
14
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
85.1
170.2
255.3
340.4
510.6
680.9
851.1
1021.3
1191.5
24
283
242-243
255
303
298
312
301
>355
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
117.2
160-162
17
2
3
4
216.3
315.4
414.5
178
184-185.5
196.5-198.5
18
18
18
8.1.3.2. Cyclic Oligo(amides) r[NH(CH2)4CO]/ri

n
MoI. wt.
98.1
2
3
4
198.3
297.4
396.5
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
39-40
14,17,19
295-296
329-331
266-267
8,18
18
18
Refs.
13,14
4,10,70,71,73
4,10
4,10,70
10,135
135
135
135
135
8.1.3.3. Cationic Oligo(amides)
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( C )
Refs.
1
0
234.5
216.5
114
93-94
89
89
315.5
138
89
8.1.3.4. Amidino-Oligo(aminovaleric Acids)
8.1.2.3. Anionic Oligo(amides)
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
0
1
189.2
274.3
92.5
121
Refs.
15
16
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
1
2
3
198.3
297.4
396.5
166-168
92-94
112
89,118
89
89
MoI. wt.
206.5
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
8.1.4. OLIGO(AMIDES) OF E-AMINOCAPROIC ACID (NYLON 6)

8.1.4.1. Linear Oligo(amides) H[NH(CH2) 5 CO] n OH
181
71,89,118
n
0
1
188.7
273.5
156
162
89,119
89
8.1.2.5. Amidino-Oligo(aminobutyric Acids)
n
1
2
3
MoI. wt.
170.2
255.3
340.4
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
175-177
175
162-163
89,118,121
89
89
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
17
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
131.2
244.3
357.3
470.6
583.8
697.0
810.1
923.3
1036.5
1149.6
1262.8
1375.9
1489.1
1602.3
1715.3
1941.5
206-208
204-205
208-209
220-221
214-215
212-214
210-211
210-211
208-211
212-213
209-212
211-213
210-211
207-208
207-208
209-211
Refs.
20,21
22-24,136
23-25,69,136
23,24,36
23,69,136
23,24,136
23,69,136
23
26,69
26
26,69
26
69
136
69
69
8.1.4.1.
cont'd
8.1.4.5. Anionic Oligo(amides)
m.p. ( 0 C)
MoI. wt.
Refs.
18
2054.9
206-209
136
21
22
25
26
30
34
38
2394.5
2507.5
2847.0
2960.2
3412.8
3865.5
4318.1
212-213
209-211
212-213.5
209-211
210-213
211-214
214-217
69
136
69
136
136
136
136
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
Refs.
H-C 4 H 9
1
2
3
1
2
3
222.8
335.9
449.1
256.8
369.9
483.1
143
176
189
164.5
179
194-195
122
122
122
122
122
122
0
1
2
3
b.p. (C/mbar)
155.2
268.5
381.5
494.7
nff
123/21
J?f
1.4898
1.4992
0.76
0.67
0.58
Refs.
32
33
33
33
"PC: solvent, tetrahydrofuran/cyclohexane/water (186:14:10).
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
1
2
3
226.3
339.5
452.6
168
120
154
8.1.4.4. Amidino-Oligo(aminocaproic
MoI. wt.
1
2
3
0
1
262.8
375.9
489.1
244.8
357.9
8.1.4.7. End-group Protected
8.1.4.3. Arnidino-Oligo(aminocaproic Acids)
m.p. ( 0 C)
Refs.
112
Oil
Oil
137
106-108
120
120
120
89,120
120
Oligo(amides)
C2H5CO-[NH(CH2)SCOL-NHC3H7
Refs.
120,128
120
120
Amides)
MoL wt.
m.p. ( C)
Refs.
M-C4H9
0
1
2
0
1
2
168.3
281.4
394.6
202.3
315.5
428.6
53
129
148-150
76-78
135
157
122
122
122
122
122
122
CH2C6H5
MoI. wt.
8.1.4.2. Oligo(aminocapmic Amides)

H+[NH(CH 2 ) 5 CO] n -NHR C L "
CH2C6H5
m.p. ( 0 C)
MoI. wt.
Refs.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
228.3
341.5
454.7
567.8
681.0
794.2
907.3
1020.5
1133.6
1246.8
1360.0
106
149
172
181
187
191
197
200
201
201
204
31,112
31,112
31,112
31
31,112
31,112
31,112
31,112
31,112
31,112
31
12
13
14
15
16
1473.1
1586.3
1699.3
1812.6
1925.8
202
200
205
206
206
31,112
31
31
31
31
8.1.4.8. Cyclic Oligo(amides)

RF
na
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
TCW*
EAWC
113.2
226.3
339.5
452.6
565.8
678.9
792.1
905.3
1018.4
69.5
348
244
256-257
254
260
243
254
245
0.56
0.48
0.34
0.25
0.16
0.10
0.08
0.04
0.02
0.88
0.81
0.77
0.69
0.59
0.49
0.40
Refs.
14,17,27,78
4,24,28,29,45,78,98,110,111,112,148
4,24,28,29,45,78,98,111,112,147
4,24,28,29,45,78,98,111,112
4,24,29,78,98,111,112
4,24,29,60,98,111,112
29,30,60,98,111
29,30,60,98,111
29,30,68,138
8.1.4.8. cont'd
RF
na
MoL wt.
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
18
20
21
22
24
25
26
27
28
30
32
33
34
36
38
40
48
50
55
56
60
64
70
72
80
90
100
m.p. (C)
1131.8
1244.8
1357.9
1471.1
1584.3
1697.4
1810.6
2036.9
2263.2
2376.4
2489.5
2715.9
2829.0
2942.2
3055.3
3168.5
3394.8
3621.2
3734.3
3847.5
4073.8
4300.1
4526.4
5431.7
5658.1
6223.9
6337.0
6789.7
7242.3
7921.3
8147.6
9052.9
10184.5
11316.1
TCW b
EAWc
Refs.
257
249
262
249
263
256
261
263
259
248
250
252
249
246
244
247
255
248
231
231
228
230
235
234
229
226
229
227
226
225
225
224
222
221
117,137
138
117,137
138
117,137
138
117,137
117,137
117,137
138
117,137
117,137
138
137
138
137
117,137
137
138
137
137
137
137
138
138
138
138
138
138
138
138
138
138
138
n = 2-40: HPLC (trifluoroethanol/water mixtures), Ref. 117; n = 2-18: FD-MS, Ref. 117; n = 2-100: HPLC (trifluoroethanol/water, gradient elution, Ref. 138.
PC, TLC: solvent, tetrahydrofuran/cyclohexane/water (186:14:10).
PC, TLC: solvent, ethyl acetate/acetone/water (10:10:2), Refs. 29,134.
8.1.5. OLIGO(AMIDES) OF HIGHER co-AMINO ACIDS
8.1.5.2. Cyclic Oligo(amides) [ [NH(CH2^CO]n-[
(NYLON 7-12)
8.1.5.1. Linear Oligo(amides) H[NH(CH2) ^CO]nOH

x
6
7
8
10
11
n
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
3
4
5
10
1
2
MoL wt.
145.2
272.4
159.2
300.4
173.3
328.5
201.3
384.6
567.9
751.2
934.5
1850.8
215.3
412.6
m.p. ( C)
195
205-208
188
191-192
184
184-186
186-187
189-190
183-184
177-179
177-178
181-182
186-187
192-193
n
6
Refs.
34,35
36
4,37
4,38
4,34
4
34,38,39
4,40,140
5,40,115,140
40,63,115
63
63,67
41
31
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
1
2
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
127.2
254.4
381.6
508.8
636.0
763.2
1017.5
1271.9
141.2
282.4
423.6
564.8
706.0
847.2
155.3
310.5
169.3
338.4
29-30
236-237
259-261
215-216
236
244-245
258-259
262-263
72-73
277
217
219
215
215
138-139
201
162
238
14,17,42
4,10
89
89
89
89
89
89
13,14,34,42
4,10,76,77
89
82,89
89
89
14,42
4,10
14,42
10,144
8.1.5.2. cont'd
x
n
10
10
11
14
8.1.6.4. Linear Oligo(amides) of p-Aminobenzoic Acid
m.p. (0C)
MoI. wt.
1
2
4
5
6
7
8
9
3
1
2
3
2
183.3
366.6
741.2
926.6
1111.9
1297.2
1482.5
1667.8
549.9
197.3
394.6
531.9
478.8
155
188-189
203
204
217
205
221
201
184
155
212
175
182
Refs.
42,43,75
4,10,44,75,98
140
140
140
140
140
140
44,60,75,98
13,14,42,75
60,61,75,98,115
31,75
139
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
2
3
2
3
4
256.1
375.4
284.1
403.2
522.2
276
>310
176
>266
>330
C2H5
Refs.
86
86
86
86
86
8.1.6.5. Cyclic Oligo(amides) of 4-Amino-2,3-dihydroquinoline3-Carboxylic Acid
8.1.6. OLIGO(AMIDES) OFAROMATIC AMINO ACIDS

8.1.6.1. Linear Oligo(amides) of o-Aminobenzoic Acid
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
1
2
3
4
137.1
256.3
375.4
494.5
146
203-204
256
d
46-48
46,123,124,131
46,131
46
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
H-C3H7
CH 2 C 6 H 5
4
4
857.0
1049.2
198
206
Ref.
97
97
8.1.7. CYCLIC DIAMIDES OF ALIPHATIC DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS

AND DIAMINES j [NH(CH2^NH- CO(CH2)xCO]n-|
n
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
6
7
8
1
1
1
1
2
3
4
1
1
1
142.2
170.2
198.3
226.3
452.6
679.0
905.3
254.3
282.4
310.5
201
238
304
337
234
246
244
238
267
209
9
10
11
12
1
1
1
1
338.5
366.6
394.6
422.7
228
195
206
186
Refs.
8.1.6.2. Cyclic Oligo(amides) of o-Aminobenzoic Acids

2
3
4
5
Ri
H
CH 3
R2
H
H
C 6 H 5 CH 2
CH 3
CH 3
CH 3
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
2
2
3
4
2
3
3
3
238.2
266.3
399.2
532.2
418.2
627.3
669.3
441.2
335-337
207
>320
>300
158-159
260-263
260-263
>300
47,125-128,131
47
131
130
131
131
129
129
142
49,50,74,139
49,51,139
49,139
143
143
143
49,51,139
49,139
8,49,139,146
49,139,147
8,49,139
139
139
8.1.8. OLIGO(AMIDES) OFADIPIC ACID AND HEXAMETHYLENE

DIAMINE (NYLON 6.6)
8.1.8.1. Linear Oligo(amides) H[NH(CH 2 ) 6 NH-CO(CH 2 ) 4 CO] n OH
8.1.6.3. Cyclic Oligo(amides) of m-Aminobenzoic Acids
n
MoI. wt.
CH 3
399.2
m.p. (0C)
>320
Ref.
132
1
2
3
4
5
10
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
244.3
470.7
696.9
923.3
1149.5
2281.1
193
221-222
246-248
247-249
247-250
250-255
52,53
52,53,63
52,53,63
31,63,65
31,63,65
63
8.1.8.2. End-Group Protected
Oligo(amides)
8.1.8.3. Oligomeric Diamines

H 2 f [NH(CH 2 )6NH-CO(CH 2 )4CO] w -NH(CH2)6NHj 2Cl"
8.1.8.2.1. OLIGOMERIC DICARBOXYLIC ACID DIPROPYLAMIDES
C3H 7 NH-CO(CH2)4CO-[NH(CH2)6NH-CO(CH2)4CO] n -NHC3H7

0
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( C)
Refs.
1
2
3
4
5
454.7
681.0
907.3
1133.6
1359.9
229-230
239-242
248-250
257-260
258-261
64
64
64
64
64
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
Refs.
1
2
3
4
5
415.4
641.7
868.0
1094.4
1320.7
248-250
249-251
252-254
251-254
252-255
65
65
65
65
65
8.1.8.4. Oligomeric Dicarboxylic Acids

8.1.8.2.2. OLIGOMERIC DIPROPIONYL DIAMINES
HOOC(CH 2 ) 4 C O - [NH(CH 2 ) 6 NH-CO(CH 2 ) 4 CO] OH
C2H 5 CO-[NH(CH2)6NH-CO(CH2)4CO] n -NH(CH2)6NH-COC 2 H5

n
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
Refs.
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
Refs.
1
2
3
454.7
681.0
907.3
202-203
226-228
229-231
64
64
64
1
2
3
4
372.4
598.7
825.0
1051.3
188-189
200-205
210-211
214-219
56
56,57
56
31
8.1.8.5. Cyclic Oligo(amides)

na
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
TCW*
EAW C
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
14
16
18
20
226.3
452.6
678.9
905.3
1131.6
1357.9
1584.3
1810.6
2036.9
2263.2
2715.9
3168.5
3621.2
4073.8
4526.4
254
243-244
235
273
279
279
291
282
280
280
280
292
284
275
270
0.47
0.28
0.13
0.06
0.51
0.38
0.23
0.16
Refs.
51,53-55,62,80,81,90,98,108
53-55,62,80,81,90,98,109
53,55,62,98
53,60,62,98
149
149
149
149
149
149
149
149
149
149
149
n = 1-20: HPLC (trifluoroethanol/water, gradient elution), Ref. 149.

PC, TLC: solvent: tetrahydrofuran/cyclohexane/water (186:14:10).
PC, TLC: solvent: ethyl acetate/acetone/water .(10:10:2).
fe
C
8.1.9. OLIGO(AMIDES) OF SEBACIC ACID AND HEXAMETHYLENEDIAMINE (NYLON 6.10)
8.1.9.3. Oligomeric Diamines

H[NH(CH 2 ) 6 NH-CO(CH 2 ) 8 CO] n -NH(CH 2 ) 6 NH 2
8.1.9.1. Linear Oligo(amides)
H[NH(CH 2 ) 6 NH-CO(CH 2 )8CO] M OH

0
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( C)
Refs.
1
2
3
300.4
582.8
865.3
187-188
196-199
208-210
58
63,67
63,67
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
Refs.
1
2
3
398.6
681.1
963.5
129-131
177-179
203-210
57,58
58
58
8.1.9.4. Oligomeric Dicarboxylic Acids

8.1.9.2. Cyclic Oligo(amides) f~ [NH(CH 2 ) 6 NH~CO(CH 2 ) 8 CO] n -|
HOOC(CH 2 ) 8 CO-[NH(CH 2 ) 6 NH-CO(CH 2 ) 8 CO] WOH
n
1
2
3
MoI. wt.
282.4
564.8
847.3
m.p. ( 0 C)
232
222
221
Refs.
51,98,145
58,60,98,145
145
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
Refs.
1
2
3
494.6
767.1
1049.5
156-159
182-184
181-185
57,58
57,58
58
8.1.10. OLIGO(AMIDES)OFDECANEDICARBOXYLICACIDAND
p,p '-DIAMINO-DICYCLOHEXYLMETHANE (QIANA TYPE)
8.1.13. OLIGO(AMIDES) OF A^-DIALKYLETHYLENEDIAMINE

AND DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS
8.1.13.1. Aliphatic Dicarboxylic Acids
[-NRCH2CH2NR- CO(CH2)xCO]/n
n
1
Config.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
trans-trans
cis-trans
cis-cis
310-314
269-272
254-257
83
83
83
MoI. wt.
404.6
8.1.11. OLIGO(AMIDES) OF OXALIC ACID AND HEXAMETHYLENEDIAMINE [ [NH(CH2)6NH~ COCO]n-^
MoI. wt.
1
2
3
170.2
340.4
510.6
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
232
303
345
66
66
66
8.1.12. OLIGO(AMIDES) OF TEREPHTHALIC ACID AND
C 6 H 5 CH 2
3
5
7
n
2
2
2
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
672.8
729.0
785.1
231-234
199-201
199-204
Refs.
79
79
79
8.1.13.2. Terephthalic Acid
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
CH 3
C 6 H 5 CH 2
3
3
4
6
654.8
1111.4
1481.8
2222.8
114-123
255-257
143-145
140-144
99
100
100
100
Refs.
Refs.
8.1.13.3. Pyridine-2.5-Dicarboxylic Acid
PENTAMETHYLENEDIAMINE
n
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
464.3
407
Refs.
59
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
CH 3
3
4
663.8
885.0
123-129
132-136
99
99
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74. T. Srikrishnan, J. D. Dunitza, Acta Cryst. B, 31,1372 (1975).
75. R. Feldmann, R. Feinauer, Angew. Makromol. Chem., 34, 9
(1973).
76. J. Marik, J. Mitera, J. Kralicek, J. Stehlicek, Eur. Polym. J.,
13, 961 (1977).
77. I. Falgova, J. Kondelikova, J. Kralicek, Angew. Makromol.

Chem., 49, 75 (1976).
78. R. Okada, T. Fukumura, H. Tanzawa, J. Polym. ScL, Polym.
Lett., 4, 971 (1960).
79. E. Schwartz, A. Shanzer, J. Chem. Soc, Chem. Commun.
634 (1981).
80. P. D. Frayer, J. L. Koenig, J. B. Lando, J. Macromol. ScLPhys. B, 3, 329 (1969).
81. C J . Brown, A. Hill, R. V. Youle, Nature, 177, 128 (1956).
82. Y. Okuno, K. Horita, O. Yonemitsu, Chem. Pharm. Bull., 31,
737 (1983).
83. G. E. Hahn, P. Kusch, V. Rossbach, H. Zahn, Makromol.
Chem., 186, 297 (1985).
84. M. Rothe, B. Benz, unpublished data.
85. M. Guaita, L. F. Thomas, Makromol. Chem., 117, 171
(1968).
86. H. Bredereck, H. v. Schuh, Chem. Ber., 81, 715 (1948).
87. L. Trossarelli, M. Guaita, A. Priola, Makromol. Chem., 109,
253 (1967).
88. G. Camino, L. Costa, L. Trossarelli, J. Polym. ScL, Polym.
Chem. Ed., 18, 377 (1980).
89. M. Rothe, Ch. Seltenreich, R. HoBbach, H. Emmert, unpublished data.
90. L. E. Alexander, J. Polym. ScL, Polym. Lett. Ed., 10, 759
(1972).
91. J. Lowbridge, E. Mtetwa, R. J. Ridge, C. N. C. Drey, J.
Chem. Soc, Perkin Trans. I, 155, (1986).
92. C. N. C. Drey, E. Mtetwa, J. Chem. Soc, Perkin Trans. I,
1587 (1982).
93. D. N. White, C. Morrow, R J. Cox, C. N. C. Drey, J.
Lowbridge, J. Chem. Soc, Perkin Trans. II, 239 (1982).
94. C. N. C. Drey, R. J. Ridge, J. Chem. Soc, Perkin Trans. I,
2468 (1981).
95. C. N. C. Drey, J. Lowbridge, R. J. Ridge, J. Chem. Soc,
Perkin Trans. I, 2001 (1973).
96. W. Ried, K. Marquardt, Ann. Chem., 642, 141 (1961).
97. H. Berenbold, W-H. Gundel, Ann. Chem., 532 (1978).
98. G. Heidemann, Encycl. Polym. Sci. Technol., 9, 485 (1968).
99. F. Voegtle, W. M. Miiller, Angew. Chem., 96, 711 (1984).
100. F. Behm, W. Simon, W M. Miiller, F. Voegtle, HeIv. Chim.
Acta, 68, 940 (1985); F. Voegtle, H. Puff, E. Friedrichs, W.
M. Miiller, J. Chem. Soc, Chem. Commun., 1398 (1982).
101. J. L. Van Winkle, J. D. McClure, R H. Williams, J. Org.
Chem., 31, 3300 (1966).
102. L. Birkofer, I. Storch, Chem. Ber., 86, 749 (1953).
103. M. D. Slimmer, Chem. Ber., 35, 400 (1902).
104. L. Birkofer, J. Schramm, Ann. Chem., 2195 (1975).
105. R. Graf, Ann. Chem., 661, 111 (1963).
106. D. H. Johnson, J. Chem. Soc. C, 126 (1968).
107. E. Testa, L. Fontanella, Ann. Chem., 625, 95 (1959).
108. M. G. Northolt, L. E. Alexander, J. Phys. Chem., 72, 2838
(1968).
109. M. G. Northolt, Acta Cryst. B, 26, 240 (1970).
110. M. G. Northolt, L. E. Alexander, Acta Cryst. B, 27, 523
(1971).
111. G. Heidemann, H.-J. Nettelbeck, Faserforsch. Textiltechn.,
18, 183 (1967).
112. H. Halboth, J. Polym. Sci. C, 729 (1969); H. Halboth,

G. Rehage, Faserforsch. Textiltechn., 18, 177 (1967).
113. M. Rothe, A. Haberle, unpublished data.
114. M. Rothe, F. Wehowsky, unpublished data.
115. M. Rothe, W. Fischer, unpublished data.
116. M. Rothe, D. Miihlhausen, unpublished data.
117. M. Rothe, M. Lohmiiller, G. Schmidtberg, unpublished data.
118. M. Rothe, W. Helmling, unpublished data.
119. H. Bredereck, K. Bredereck, Chem. Ber., 94, 2278 (1961).
120. M. Rothe, M. Schlipf, unpublished data.
121. M. Rothe, D. Jacob, unpublished data.
122. M. Rothe, W. Muller, unpublished data.
123. R. P. Staiger, E. B. Miller, J. Org. Chem., 24, 1214 (1959).
124. S. Petersen, E. Tietze, Ann. Chem., 623, 166 (1959).
125. N. S. Dokunikhin, L. A. Galva, J. D. Kraft, Dokl. Akad.
Nauk SSSR, 81, 1073 (1951).
126. F. C. Cooper, M. W. Partridge, J. Chem. Soc, 3429 (1954).
127. H. N. Rydon, N. H. P. Smith, D. Williams, J. Chem. Soc,
1900 (1957).
128. D. J. Williams, J. Chem. Soc, Chem. Commun., 170 (1977).
129. S. J. Edge, W. D. Ollis, J. S. Stephanatou, J. F. Stoddart,
J. Chem. Soc, Perkin Trans. I, 1701 (1982); S. J. Edge.
W. D. Ollis, J. S. Stephanatou, J. F. Stoddart, D. J. Williams,
K. A, Woode, Tetrahedron Lett., 2229 (1981).
130. A. Hoorfar, W. D. Ollis, J. F. Stoddart, D. J. Williams,
Tetrahedron Lett., 4211 (1980); A. Hoorfar, W. D. Ollis,
J. F. Stoddart, J. Chem. Soc, Perkin Trans. I, 1721 (1982).
131. A. Hoorfar, W. D. Oills, J. A. Price, J. S. Stephanatou,
J. F. Stoddart, J. Chem. Soc, Perkin Trans. I, 1649 (1982);
W. D. Ollis, J. S. Stephanatou, J. F. Stoddart, A. G. Ferrige,
132.
133.
134.
135.
136.
137.
138.
139.
140.
141.
142.
143.
144.
145.
146.
147.
148.
149.
Angew. Chem., 88, 223 (1976); W. D. Ollis, J. A. Price,

J. S. Stephanatou, J. F. Stoddart, Angew. Chem., 87, 169
(1975).
F. E. Elhadi, W. D. Ollis, J. F. Stoddart, D. J. Williams,
K. A. Woode, Tetrahedron Lett., 4215 (1980); F. E. Elhadi,
W. D. Ollis, J. F. Stoddart, J. Chem. Soc, Perkin Trans. I,
1727 (1982).
M. Rothe, E. Bigdeli, unpublished data.
M. Rothe, Makromol. Chem., 35, 183 (1960).
M. Rothe, G. Ries, unpublished data.
M. Rothe, M. Schilling, unpublished data.
M. Rothe, M. Lohmiiller, U. Breuksch, G. Schmidtberg,
Angew. Chem., 106, 2047 (1994); Angew. Chem., Int. Ed.
Engl., 33, 1960 (1994).
M. Rothe, T. Mohr, B. Trnka, R. Berginski, unpublished
data.
M. Rothe, E. W. Reinold, unpublished data.
M. Rothe, H. Ritsche-Thoma, unpublished data.
M. Rothe, E. Gatter, unpublished data.
M. Rothe, K. Steiner, W. Knobloch, unpublished data.
M. Rothe, K. Kitzelmann, unpublished data.
M. Rothe, N. Grtiner, unpublished data.
M. Rothe, M. Gehrmann, unpublished data.
H. P. GroBmann, J. Schwede, B. Heise, V. Rauschenberger,
E. W. Reinold, M. Rothe, Polymer Bull., 32, 653 (1994).
J. Dybal, B. Schneider, D. Doskocilova, J. Baldrian, H.
Pavlikova, J. Kvarda, I. Prokopova, Polymer, 38,2483 (1997).
G. Di Silvestro, R Sozzani, S. Bruckner, L. Malpezzi, C.
Guaita, Makromol. Chem., 188, 2745 (1987).
M. Rothe, G. Dangel, G. Ries, unpublished data.
8.2. OLIGO(PEPTIDES)
8.2.2. OLIGO(PEPTIDES) OF SARCOSINE
8.2.1. OLIGO(PEPTIDES) OF GLYCINE
8.2.2.1. Linear Oligo(peptides) H[N(CH3)CH2CO]nOH
8.2.1.1. Linear Oligo(peptides) H[NHCH2CO]nOH
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
1
2
3
4
5
6
75.1
132.1
189.2
246.2
303.3
360.3
233-236
210-215
235
240
270
>256d
Refs.
1
2,7,75
3,4,75
4,5,75
4,5,75,78
6
1
2
m.p. (0C)
MoI. wt.
89.1
160.2
211-213
190-191
Refs.
1
13,17,21
8.2.2.2. Cyclic Oligo(peptides) | [N(CH3)CH2CO]^-I

8.2.1.2. Cyclic Oligo(peptides) [-[NHCH2CO]n-]
n
n
2
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( C)
114.1
228.2
285.3
342.3
399.4
456.4
513.5
570.5
627.6
309
340
>330
>360
>280
>350
290
290
300
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
142.2
213.3
284.4
355.5
426.5
497.7
568.7
639.8
711.0
853.0
147
221
>350
255
315
296
338
>320
Refs.
Refs.
2,7,79,131,174,177,184
8,9,77,79,80,191,205,206
9,77-80,136
4,8,10,11,77,79,80,131
77,79,131
77,79,131,205
77,79,131
77,79,131
77,79,131
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
>320
13,27,51,61,177,187,191,204
51,191,192,197
51,166,191-195,198
51,191-193,199
17,51,163,166,191,193,200
51,191,193,201
51,191,193,196,202
17,163
193,203
17,163
8.2.3. OLIGO(PEPTIDES) OF L - A L A N I N E
8.2.3.1. Linear Oligo(peptides) H[NHCH(CH 3 )CO] nOH
Specific rotation
n
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
89.1
160.2
231.3
302.3
373.4
444.5
515.6
298
257-263
269-272
>320
>320
>320
8.2.3.2. Endgroup Protected Oligo(peptides)
[ai\D
+14.5
-38.5
-85.7
-131.0
-150.0
-167.0
( 0 C)
c (%)
25
27
27
27
27
27
10
0.9
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.3
Solvent
6.0 N HCl
0.2 N HCl
0.2 N HCl
0.2 N HCl
0.2 N HCl
0.2 N HCl
Refs.
1
6,12,15,73,85,138,139
14,15,73,85,138,139
15,16,73,85,138,139
15,16,85,138
15,16,85,138
15
R-[NHCH(CH 3 )CO] n -R'
Specific rotation
R'
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
BOC
OMe
Zb
OEt
2
3
4
5
6
7
2
3
4
5
6
7
10
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
3
4
5
6
7
3
5
6
7
8
9
274.3
345.4
416.5
487.6
558.6
629.7
322.4
393.4
464.5
535.6
606.7
677.8
891.0
363.4
434.5
505.6
576.7
647.7
718.8
789.9
861.0
419.5
490.6
561.6
632.7
703.8
460.5
602.7
673.8
744.9
816.0
887.1
110-111
193-194
>240d
>240d
>240d
>240d
116
192
251-253
250
>275d
>275d
>250d
135-136
198-200
270-271
>275d
>275d
>275d
>275d
>275d
138-140
240-241
>250d
>250d
>250d
110-111
25Od
>275d
>275d
>275d
>275d
Mo
MEEA
OEt
Mo
[<x]f?
-71.8"
-84.8"
-84.0*
-83.1a
-82.0
-79.5a
-51.1
-73.0
-95.1
-107.1
-119.3
-125.4
-136.9
-35.4
-62.5
-78.0
-92.0
-102.5
-108.1
-1171.1
-121.6
-70.7
-89.2
-98.5
-108.2
-119.0
-49.9
-87.5
-94.5
-102.3
-104.4
-110.2
c (%)
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.25
0.25
0.2
0.47
0.48
0.46
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.44
0.20
0.55
0.49
0.20
0.45
0.50
0.44
0.40
0.21
0.23
0.25
0.22
Solvent
HFIP
HFIP
HFIP
HFIP
HFIP
HFIP
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
Refs.
86,95,102,103
86,87,95,102,103
86,87,95,102,103
86,87,95,102,103
86,87,102,103
86,87,102,103
81-83
14,81-83
81
81-83
81
81
82,83
81
81
81
81
81
81
81
81
81
81
81
81
81
81,84
81,84
81,84
81,84
81,84
81,84
t = 22C.
Z-, C 6 H 5 CH 2 -OCO-; BOC-, (CH 3 HC-OCO-; MEEA-, C H 3 O C H 2 C H 2 O C H 2 C H 2 O C H 2 C O - ; -OMe, -CH 3 ; -OEt, -OC 2 H 5 ;
- M o , O^
^ N - ; TFE, trifluorethanol; HFIP, Hexafluoroisopropanol.
8.2.3.3. Cyclic Oligo(peptides) P-[NHCH(CH 3 )CO]^ 1

Specific rotation
n
2
4
6
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
[<x\D
142.2
284.3
426.5
297
250
>310
-29.6
-68
-210.4
( 0 C)
20
22
20
c (%)
Solvent
1.9
0.5
0.02
H2O
DMF
H2O
Refs.
6,79,174,183-185
134,135,195,206
136,137
8.2.3.3. cont'd
Specific rotation
n
7
8
9
10
11
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
[a]D
( 0 C)
497.6
568.6
639.7
710.8
781.8
302
331
321
368
289
-60.5
-62.1
-97.1
-102.7
-133.0
20
20
20
20
20
8.2.4. OLIGO(PEPTIDES) OF O C - A M I N O I S O B U T Y R I C
C 6 H 5 CH 2 OCO-[NHC(CH 3 ) 2 COL-OX
X
MoL wt.
C(CH 3 ) 3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
293.4
378.5
463.6
558.7
633.8
718.9
804.0
889.1
974.2
1059.3
1144.4
1229.5
237.2
322.4
407.5
482.5
577.7
662.8
C(CH 3 ) 3
m.p. (0C)
60-1
134
166.5-167.5
178
236
215-218
229-230
247-248
262-263
257-258
271-272
>300
88-89
161-162.5
205-206
243-244
254-256
243-245
c (%)
Solvent
2.1
1.4
1
0.1
0.002
H2O
H2O
H2O
H2O
H2O
Refs.
79
79
79
79
79
ACID
Refs.
88,90,91,94
90,91,94
88,91-94
88,89,91-94
88,89,91-94
88,91
91
91
91
91
91
91
90,151,152
151
88,92
88,92
88,92
88
8.2.5. OLIGO(PEPTIDES) OF HYDROPHOBIC AMINO ACIDS (a-AMINOBUTYRIC ACIDS, NORVALINE, VALINE, NORELEUCINE, LEUCINE,
ISOLEUCINE, CYCLOHEXYLALANINE, PHENYLALANINE, TRIYPTOPHAN)
8.2.5.1. Linear Oligo(peptides) H[NHCHRCO] n OH
Specific rotation
R
L-VaI
-CH(CH 3 ) 2
L-Leu
-CH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2
L-IIe
-CH(CH 3 )CH 2 CH 3
MoL wt.
[a]D
( 0 C)
1
2
3
1
2
3
4
1
2
117.2
216.3
315.4
131.2
244.3
357.5
470.7
131.2
244.3
+28.8
+10.8
-41.8
+13.9
-13.7
-51.4
- 90.0
+40.6
+17.1
20
25
21
25
23
20
20
20
25
8.2.5.2. Endgroup Protected Oligo(peptides)
c (%)
Solvent
3.4
2.0
2.7
9.1
1.0
3.1
7.6
1
1
1 eq. HCl
6 N HCl
H2O
INCl
4.5 N HCl
INNaOH
INNaOH
1 N NaOH
6 N HCl
H2O+
Refs.
1
18,19
19
1
18,22-24,74
26
26
1
20
(CH 3 ) 3 COCO-[NHCHRCO] n -OCH 3

Specific rotation
MoL wt.
L-Abu
-CH 2 CH 3
2
3
4
5
302.3
387.5
472.6
557.7
m.p. ( 0 C)
108-109
126-127
228-229
>250
[a]r
-5.95
-10.84
-16.72
-20.44
Solvent
HFIP
HFIP a
HFIP
HFIPfl
Refs.
95
95
95
95
8.2.5.2. cont'd
Specific rotation
m.p. ( 0 C)
MoL wt.
L-Nva
6
7
2
642.8
727.8
330.4
>250
>250
95-96
L-VaI
3
4
5
6
7
2
429.5
528.7
627.8
726.9
826.1
330.4
119-120
207-208
220
220
220
166-167
429.5
170-171
528.7
247-248
627.8
>260
726.9
>260
826.1
>260
2
3
4
5
6
7
2
3
4
5
6
7
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2
358.5
471.6
584.8
698.0
811.1
924.3
358.5
471.6
584.8
698.0
811.1
924.3
358.5
471.6
584.8
698.0
811.1
924.3
1037.5
358.5
63-64
146-147
214-215
>240
>240
>240
141-142
158-159
208-209
>250
>250
>250
158-159
193-194
245
>250d
>250d
>240d
>240d
133-134
471.6
175-176
584.8
245
698.0
>250d
811.1
>250d
7
2
3
4
5
6
7
2
924.3
438.6
591.8
745.1
898.3
1051.5
1204.7
426.5
>250d
117-118
171-172
203-204
>240
>240
>240
121-122
573.7
173-174
L-NIe
L-Leu
L-IIe
D-alle
L-Cha
L-Phe
[a]r
-23.12
-27.21
Solvent
Refs.
HFIP a
HFIP a
-48.3
-40.8
-76.7
-77.4
-91.0
-107.5
-103.6
-126.2
-94.3
193.0
+37.8
-144.5
-3.88
-6.51
-6.42
-7.74
-7.26
-7.51
-46.9
-75.1
-92.6
-101.0
-111.1
-120.0
-44.0
-67.6
-83.4
-87.8
-93.9
+13.9
+24.6
+30.1
+ 39.9
+48.1
+ 58.3
+58.3
+ 73.5
TFE*
HFA6
TFE*
HFA*
TFE*
HFA*
TFE*
HFA*
TFE*
HFA*
TFE*
HFA*
HFIPC
HFIPC
HFIPC
HFIPC
HFIPC
HFIPC
HFA <*
HFA rf
HFA^
HFA
HFA^
HFA
TFE'
TFE*
TFE*
TFE*
TFE*
TFE*
TFE*
TFE'
HFIP*
TFE'
HFIP*
TFE'
HFIP*
+55.0
+ 94.8
+55.3
+ 101.8
+109.4
-43.3
-54.1
-57.7
-61.2
-65.6
-66.9
0.00
-8.7
-15.3
-14.9
TFE'
HFTP*
TFE'
HFIP*
HHP*
HFIP*
HFIP*
HFIP*
HFIP*
HFIP*
HHP*
TFE'
DMF'
TFE1
DMF'
95
95
98,102,103,105,113,153
95,97,98,102,103,105,113,153
95,97,98,102,103,105,113,153
95,97,98,102,103,153
97-99,102,103,153
97,98,102,103,153
96,102,103,112,113,115
96,102,103,112,113,115
153
96,102,103,112,113,115
153
96,102,103,112,115,153
96,102,103,153
96,102,103,112,153
rf
rf
95,106
95,106
95,106
95,106
106
106
100,102,104,111
100,102,104,111,153
100,102,104,111,153
100,102,104,111,153
100,102,104,111,153
100,102,104,111,153
56-58,101,102,112,115,116
56-58,101,102,112,115,116
56,57,101,102,112,115,116
56,57,101,102,112,115,116
56,57,101,102,112,115,116
56,101,102
56,101
115,116
115,116
115,116
115,116
115,116
115
110,111,115
110,111
110,111
110,111,114
110,111
110,111
102,107-109,111,112
102,107-109,111,112
8.2.5.2. cont'd
Specific rotation
R
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
720.8
196-197
868.0
213-214
1015.2
223-226
7
8
9
1162.3
1309.5
1456.7
>235
>235
>235
[a]r
Solvent
-22.2
-16.1
-28.3
- 19.2
-25.0
-21.1
-22.1
Refs.
TFE'
DMF'
TFE'
DMF'
TFE'
DMF'
DMF'
102,107-109,111,112
102,107-109,111,112
102,108,109,111
102,108,109,111
108,109
108,109
A = 546nm; T = 200C; c = 5x W-4M; a[(7r/18O) rad x cm 2 /gl; HFIP = hexafluoroisopropanol.

Â = 589 nm; T = 25C; c = 3 x 10 " 3 M (n = 2-6), 3 x 10 ~4 M (n = 7); TFE = trifluoroethanol; HFA = hexafluoroacetone sesquihydrate.
c
A = 589 nm; T = 22C; c = 10 ~3 M; HFIP = hexafluoroisopropanol.
Â = 589 nm; T = 25C; c = 3 x 10 ~3 M; HFA = hexafluoroacetone sesquihydrate.
e
A = 589 nm; T = 25C; c = 0.025-0.2%; TFE = trifluoroethanol.
Â = 589 nm; T = 250C; c = 0.6%; TFE = trifluoroethanol.
8
X = 589 nm; T = 210C; c = 0.1%; hexafluoroacetone sesquihydrate.
h
A = 589 nm; T = 200C; c = 0.1-0.2%; HFIP = hexafluoroisopropanol.
'A = 589nm; Tin TFE = 23C, in DMF= 18C; c = 0.2%; TFE = trifluoroethanol.
8.2.5.3. Endgroup Protected Oligo(peptides) ofTryptophan X-[NHCHRCO]n-OCH3

Specific rotation
R
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
2
3
1
2
3
4
5
538.5
721.8
276.3
428.4
580.6
732.7
884.9
196
85-95
108-109
153-154
151-154
[a]f?
c (%)
Solvent
-13
MeOH
-2.4
-47.6
-66.8
-65.6
-65.0
1.0
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
MeOH
MeOH
MeOH
MeOH
MeOH
Refs.
208,225
208
140
140
140
140
140
Z- = Benzyloxycarbonyl-.
8.2.5.4. Cyclic Oligo(peptides) ^ [ N H C H R C O ] ^

Specific rotation
R
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
L-VaI
198.3
269-271
L-Leu
226.3
5
2
5
2
5
10
2
565.8
226.3
565.8
294.4
735.9
1471.8
372.4
L-IIe
L-Phe
L-Trp
( 0 C)
c (%)
Solvent
-77.5
18-22
1.0
CH 3 COOH
207
277
-46.0
20
0.8
CH3COOH
22,25,177,184,185,
188,207
>300
308
357
315-316
250-254
251.5
-71
-60.0
15
18-22
1.0
1.0
EtOH
CH3COOH
-100
-124.3
-142
-14.7
25-28
25
20
20
0.2
1.0
0.4
CH3COOH
DMF
MeOH
CH3COOH
132
131,207
131
177,184,185,188
78
131
230,232
[a] D
Refs.
8.2.5.5. Endgroup Protected Oligo(Dipeptides)
R'[NHCHRiCO-NHCHR 2 CO] n -R"*

Specific rotation
R''
Ri
R2
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
[a]|?
c (%)
Bocfl
OMe
D-VaI
L-CH(CH3)2
L-VaI
D-CH(CH3)2
Nps"
OEt
L-Leu
-CH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2
L-AIa
-CH3
1
2
3
4
6
8
2
3
4
5
6
8
300.4
528.7
727.0
925.2
1321.8
1718.3
567.6
751.8
936.0
1120.2
1304.4
1672.8
110.7
209.6
232.7
261.1
d
d
110-111
203-205
257-26Od
>270d
>270d
>270d
-23.7
-17.8
-21.0
-8.9
-6.2
-11.4
-66.5
-96.9
-101.3
-84.6
-50.0
-52.6
1.02
1.00
1.02
1.00
1.12
1.05
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
R'
Solvent
Refs.
CHCl 3
118
CHCl 3
118
CHCl 3
118
CHCl 3
117,118
CHCl 3
118
CHCl 3
118
HFIP/TFE a (1:2) 119
HFIP/TFE (1:2)
119
HFIP/TFE (1:2)
119
HFIP/TFE (1:2)
119
HFIP/TFE (1:2)
119
HFIP/TFE (1:2)
119
Boc- ten. butyloxycarbonyl-; Nps. = 0-nitrophenylsulfenyl-; HFIP = hexafluoroisopropanol; TFE = trifluoroethanol.
8.2.6. OLIGO(PEPTIDES) OF L - A N D D - P R O L I N E
8.2.6.1. Linear Oligo(all-L-peptides)

n
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
25
28
30
31
34
37
40
n
H[N-CHCO] n OH
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
115.2
212.3
309.4
406.5
503.6
600.7
697.8
794.9
892.0
989.1
1086.2
1183.3
1280.4
1377.5
1474.6
1571.7
1668.8
1765.9
1863.0
1960.1
2057.3
2154.5
2445.7
2737.0
2931.3
3028.5
3320.1
3611.4
3902.7
220-222
144-145
122
170
189
209
228
>280
>280
>300
>300
>300
>300
>300
>300
>300
>300
>300
>300
>300
>300
>300
>300
>300
>300
>300
>300
>300
>300
F -Vahies fl
1.00
0.84
0.72
0.60
0.52
1.00
0.91
0.77
0.72
0.66
0.60
1.00
0.92
0.83
0.75
0.70
0.64
1.00
0.95
0.90
0.84
100
0.93
1.00
0.93
1.00
0.92
1.00
0.95
0.93
1.00
0.94
0.90
0.86
0.81
1.00
0.93-530
1.00
0.94
[a]*
Refs.
-87
-175
-220
-293
-338
-376
-394
-412
-435
-456
-466
-472
-480
-491
-496
-499
-505
-509
-513
-520
-521
-523
-526
-528
-530
-532
70
-528
-532
1
52,62,69,70,150,171-173
53,62,69,70,150,171-173
62,69,70,150,171-173
62,69,70,150,172,173
62,69,70,150,172,173
62,69,70,150
62,69,70,150
62,69,150
62,69,70,150
62,69,70,150
62,69,70,150
69,70
69
62,69,70
69,70
69
69,70
69
69,70
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
Paper electrophoresis; buffer; HCOOH/CH3COOH/H2O (1:1:3), 1000-5000V, 40-115mA, 40-240min.

*c(%)=l,H2O.
8.2.6.2. Endgroup Protected
Oligo(peptides)
n
8.2.6.2.1.tert-BuTYLOXYCARBONYLOLIGO(ALL-L-PROLINES) (CH 3 ) 3 COCO[N-CHCO] n -OH

n
1
2
3
4
MoI. wt.
215.3
312.4
409.5
506.6
m.p. ( 0 C)
R%
[*]$"
Refs.
137-138
191-193
219-220
178
0.84
0.68
0.60
0.53
-105
-153.5
-173
-194
62,72,169,179
62,150,167,179,181
62,150,167,179
62,150,167
8.2.6.2.1. cont'd
n
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
R%
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
15
603.7
700.8
797.9
894.0
991.1
1088.2
1185.3
1282.4
1573.7
225
247
267
>280
>280
>280
>300
>300
>300
0.47
0.41
0.37
0.33
0.29
0.25
0.23
0.22
0.22
[a] Jj**
Refs.
-220
-239
-247
-256
-265
-272
-269
-277
-291
62,150,167
62,150,167
62,150
62,150
62,150
62,150
62,150
62,150
62,150
TLC: solvent, fl-butanol/acetone/acetic acid/ammonia, 1:4/water (9:3:2:2:4).

c (%) = 1, CHCl3.
8.2.6.2.2. ten-AMYLOXYCARBONYL
OLIGO(ALL-L-PROLINES)
Specific rotation
n
MoI. wt.
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
229.3
326.4
423.5
520.6
617.7
714.8
908.0
m.p. ( 0 C)
[<x]D
( 0 C)
c (%)
Solvent
94-95.5
157-159
200-201.5
207.5-208.5
224.5-226
240-242
280
-47.2
-113
-170
-227
-248
-291
-318
21
25
25
24
24
24
22
1.7
2.0
2.2
2.1
2.3
2.1
0.9
EtOH
EtOH
EtOH
EtOH
EtOH
EtOH
EtOH
Refs.
63-68,170,179
64-68,179
64-68,179,182
64-68
64-68
64-68
64-68
8.2.6.2.4.tert-BuTYLOXYCARBONYLOLIGO(D,L-DIPROLINE)
8.2.6.2.3. tert-B UT YLOX YC ARBON YL D,L-OLIGO(DIPROLINES)
BENZYL ESTERS
n
1
2
3
a
MoI. wt.
312.4
506.6
700.8
m.p. (0C)
204
188-189
220-221
[a]^
Refs.
-70.1
-38.8
-32.4
158,165
158
158,159
c ( % ) = l , DMF.
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
[a]^
Refs.
2
3
4
612.7
806.9
1001.2
64-66
157-160
146-148
-24.0
-23.2
-20.4
164
164
164
c (%) = !, DMF.
8.2.6.3. Cyclic Oligo(peptides)

8.2.6.3.1. CYCLIC OLIGO(ALL-L-PROLINES)
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
2
3
194.2
291.3
146
358
MD
(0C)
-151.6
+48.5
19
25
8.2.6.3.2. CYCLIC OLIGO(L,D-DIPROLINES)
n
1
2
3
4
6
9
12
MoI. wt.
194.2
388.4
582.6
776.8
1165.2
1747.8
2330.4
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
194-199
>300d
>310d
>250d
>280d
>250d
>250d
158,180,185,186
158
158,159
158
158
158
158
C (%)
Solvent
Refs.
0.5
0.48
H2O
CH 3 OH
54,55,180,185
53,154-157,162,163,168,176,189,190
8.2.6.3.3. CYCLIC OLIGO(D,L,L-TRIPROLINES)
Specific rotation
n
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
1
2
3
4
5
291.2
582.3
873.5
1164.6
1455.8
181-184
304
23Od
25Od
25Od
[a]|?
c (%)
Solvent
1
1
1
1
0.5
H2O
H2O
H2O
H2O
H2O
+70.7
-60.9
-114.5
-72.0
-101.8
Refs.
159-163
159-163
159-163
159-163
159-163
8.2.7. OLIGO(PEPTIDES) OF L - A Z E T I D I N E - 2 - C A R B O X Y L I C ACID

I
8.2.7.1. Cyclic Oligo(peptides)
r[N-CHCO]nH
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
2
3
6
166.2
249.3
498.5
207-212
334-340
339-350
[a]f,78fl
Refs.
+8.2
+20.8
-352.0
175
175
175
c(%) = 0.5, H 2 O.
8.2.8. OLIGO(PEPTIDES) OF L - H Y D R O X Y AND L-MERCAPTO AMINO ACIDS

8.2.8.1. Linear Oligo(peptides) H[NHCHRCO] n OH
Specific rotation
L-Ser
-CH 2 OH
L-Tyr
-CH 2 C 6 H 4 OH
L-Cys
-CH 2 SH1.5HC1
L-Met
-CH 2 CH 2 SCH 3
MoI. wt.
1
2
1
2
3
1
2
1
2
3
105.1
192.2
181.2
344.4
507.6
121.1
224.2
149.2
280.4
411.6
m.p. ( 0 C)
285-288
181-182
229-231
219-220
[a] D
( 0 C)
c (%)
Solvent 0
+14.5
+14.2
-7.3
+30.1
25
25
25
19
9.3
7
4
4
NHCl
NHCl
6.1 N HCl
H 2 O + l e q . HCl
+7.6
+35
+23.4
+27.0
-70.0
26
22
20
24
16
12
1
5
2
1
NHCl
0.2 N HCl
3 N HCl
H2O
H2O
Refs.
1
28,35,139
1
29-31
31
1
37
1
32-34
33
8.2.8.2. Endgroup Protected Oligo(peptides) (CH 3 )3COCO-[NHCHRCO] n -OCH 3

Specific rotation
R
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
L-Cys(Me)
-CH 2 SCH 3
2
3
4
5
6
7
2
3
4
5
6
7
366.5
483.7
600.8
718.0
835.2
952.3
394.5
525.8
656.9
788.1
919.3
1050.5
94-95
104-105
191-192
211-212
>220
>220
66-67
92-96
191-194
236 d
245 d
>275
L-Met
-CH 2 CH 2 SCH 3
HFIP = hexafluoroisopropanol.
[a] D
-29.6
-37.6
-41.4
-48.1
-50.3
-54.8
c (%)
0.003 M
0.003 M
0.03M
0.003M
0.03M
0.03 M
Solvent*
HFIP a
HFIP
HFIP
HFIP
HHP
HFIP
Refs.
102,121,122,133
102,121,122,133
102,121,122,133
102,121,122,133
102,121,122,133
102,121,122,133
102,123,124,127-129
102,123,124,127-129
102,123,124,127-129
102,123,124,127-129
102,123,124,126-129
102,123-129
8.2.8J.
Formyl-Oligo(L-Methionines)
HCO-[NHCHRCO]n-OH
Specific rotation
m.p. (0C)
MoI. w t .
[<x]D
c (%)
Solvent0
Refs.
L-Met
308.4
125-126
-44.8
0.5
HFIP
130
-CH2CH2SCH3
3
4
5
6
439.6
570.8
702.0
833.2
176-177
195-196
216-217
230-231 d
-56.7
-67.2
-63.3
-81.8
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
HFIP
HFIP
HFIP
HHP
130
130
130
130
8.2.8.4.
Cyclic
Oligo(peptides)
[-[NHCHRCO] n -J
Specific rotation
MoI. w t .
-CH2OH
-CH2C6H4OH
2
2
174.2
326.4
m.p. (0C)
247
277-280
[<x]D
(0C)
c (%)
Solvent*
67.5
-223.8
25
20
2.2
2.4
H2O
NaOH
Refs.
35,174,183
36,174
8.2.8.5. Oligo(peptides) of Cystine CyS= NHCHCO

CH2SSpecific rotation
n
m.p. (0C)
MD
(0C)
H-CyS-CyS-OH
222.3
-29
25
NHCl
38
H-CyS-CyS-OH
I
I
H-CyS-CyS-OH
444.6
-58.7
26
NHCl
37,38
Solvent
Refs.
HFIP = hexafluoroisopropanol.
8.2.9. OLIGO(PEPTIDES) OF ACIDIC AMINO ACIDS

8.2.9.1. a- and to-Oligo(peptides) of h-Aspartic Acid and L-Glutamic Acid H[NH-X-CO] n OH
Specific rotation
X
MoI. wt.
[a]o
Asp
248.2
+18.5
-CHCH2
I
363 3
+6
C 0 0 H
GIu
-CHCH2CH2COOH
GIu
-CHCHCH2
2
I
C 0 0 H
'
478.3
593.4
708.5
147.1
276.3
4
<)5.4
276.3
405<4
4
5
6
7
534.5
663.6
792.7
921.8
4
5
6
1
2
3
'
+16.1
+6.1
+8.7
+31.2
+18.2
-7.2
+4.2
~12
-16.0
-14.8
-17.2
-19.1
(0C)
c (%)
20
20
20
20
20
22.4
24
19
24
20
24
20
20
20
2
2
1
1
2
1
1-2
1.4
1-2
2
1-2
1-5
1-5
1-5
Solvent
Refs.
0.5 N HCl
76
0.5 N HCl
0.5 N HCl
0.5 N HCl
0.5 N HCl
6 N HCl
0.5 N HCl
H2O
0.5 N HCl
0.5 N HCl
0.5 N HCl
0.5 N HCl
0.5 N HCl
0.5 N HCl
76
76
76
76
1
42-44
45
43,44,46,47,59,178
48,59,178
59,178
59
59
59,71
8.2.9.2. y-Oligo(peptides) of D-Glutamic Acid Esters H[NH-X-CO] n -OC(CH 3 ) 3

Specific rotation
X
D-GIu
-CHCH2CH2I
COOC(CH3)3
MoL wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
-[a]J?
629.8
1000.2
81-84
125-127.5
126-131
+17.9
+22.3
+27.6
3
4
815
5
6
llg54
>58
8.2.9.3. ai-Oligo(peptides) of y-Unsubstituted L-Glutamic Acid Derivatives
c (%)
3
3
3
+ 2 9 4
Solvent
Refs.
MeOH
MeOH
MeOH
59
59
59
M e 0 H
59
CH 3 CO-[NHCH(CH 2 CH 2 COOH)CO] n -NHC 2 H 5
Specific rotation
na
MoI. wt.
[a]|5
c (%)
Solvent
Ref.
1
2
3
216.2
345.4
474.3
-23
-36
-49.5
1
1
1
H2O
H2O
H2O
226
226
226
n = 2-12: ion-exchange chromatography, IR, CD, MS, pK values, Refs. 227,228.
8.2.9.4. <x-Oligo(peptides) of Benzyloxycarbonyl L-Aspartic Acid and L-Glutamic Acid Ethyl Esters
C6H5CH2OCO-[NHCHRCO]n-I-NHCHR7COOC2H5
Specific rotation
R
R'
Asp
-CH 2 COOCH 3
-CH 2 COOC 2 H 5
GIu
-CH 2 CH 2 COOCH 3
-CH 2 CH 2 COOC 2 H 5
GIu
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
[a]|f
c (%)
Solvent 0
Refs.
2
3
4
5
6
8
11
14
2
3
4
5
6
7
9
11
2
3
4
5
7
8
9
452.5
581.6
710.7
839.8
968.9
1227.2
1614.5
2001.9
480.5
623.6
766.8
910.0
1053.1
1196.3
1482.5
1768.8
494.5
651.7
808.9
966.0
1280.4
1437.5
1594.7
80-81
127-128
143-144
161-163
175-178
207 d
224 d
233 d
86
124
139
200
250
259
d
d
104-105
127-128
137-139
177-178.5
>235
>235
>235
+17.9
-1.01
-13.1
-19.1
-26.6
-35.1
-42.9
-46.0
-12.4
-18.0
-21.3
-22.7
-26.7
-28.7
-32.6
-35.6
-17.9
-27.1
-30.9
-26.5
-20.9
-16.5
-7.6
3.1
3.1
1.1
0.1
0.7
0.5
0.45
0.3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
DCA
DCA
DCA
DCA
DCA
DCA
DCA
DCA
DCA
DCA
DCA
DCA
DCA
DCA
DCA
DCA
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
49,146
49,146
49,146
49,146
49
49,141,146
49,146
49,146
50,141,146
50,146
50,141,146
50,141,146
50,146
50,141,146
50,146
50,146
43,120,142-145
43,120,142-145
142-145
142-145
142-144
142,143,145
142,143,145
1
1
DCA, dichloroacetic acid; TI E, trifluoroethanol.
8.2.9.5. a-Oligo(peptides) of Benzyloxycarbonyl L-Aspartic Acid and L- and D-Glutamic Acid co-Alkyl Esters C 6 H 5 CH 2 OCO-[NH-X-CO] n -OR
Specific rotation
X
L-Asp
-CHCH2
I
COOC(CH3)3
R
C(CH 3 ) 3
MoI. wt.
2
3
4
5
550.7
721 9
893.1
10643
1235.4
m.p. (0C)
70-72
93
"95
97-99
121-123
157-162
[a] D
-23.0
~221
-19.3
-18.7
-20.0
( 0 C)
c (%)
25
25
25
25
25
1
l
Solvent 0
DMF
D M F
1
1
1
DMF
DMF
DMF
Refs.
76
76
76
76
76
8.2.9.5.
cont'd
Specific rotation
R n
L-GIu
-CHCH2CH2I
COOCH3
CH 3
MoL wt.
2
452.5
738.6
6
7
2
1319.6
1504.8
578.7
97-98
135-137
135-139
175-179
195-198
206-213
88.5-91
77.5-81.5
95-97
99-102
73-77
74-78
83-84
763 9
79
595 5
D-GIu
-CHCH C H I
COOC(CH3)3
C(CH 3 ) 3
8817
6
7
2
4
1024.8
1153.9
578.7
763 9
949.1
11343
L-GIu
C(CH 3 ) 3
-CHCH2CH2I
COOC(CH3)3
m.p. ( 0 C)
949.1
4
5
11343
6
7
1319.6
1504.8
[<x]D
87-89
102-103.5
123-125
130-132
( 0 C)
c (%)
-25.2
-26.1
-28.2
-30.1
-31.5
-32.8
+27.4
+30.6
+34.5
+36.1
+42.4
+42.9
-25.4
20
20
20
20
20
20
25
25
25
25
25
25
22
5
5
5
5
5
5
3
3
3
3
3
3
1
-30-2
-33.2
-36.8
-39.9
-43.7
21
22
23
22.5
21
Solvent 0
Refs.
DMF
DMF
DMF
DMF
DMF
DMF
MeOH
MeOH
MeOH
MeOH
MeOH
MeOH
MeOH
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
71
M e 0 H
1
1
1
1
MeOH
MeOH
MeOH
MeOH
71
71
71
71
71
8.2.9.6. OL-Oligo(peptides) of Acetyl L-Glutamic Acid Esters CH3CO-[NHCH(CH2CH2COOC2H5)CO]nOC2H5

Specific rotation
n
MoI. wt.
2
3
4
5
8
402.4
559.6
716.8
873.9
1345.5
m.p. ( 0 C)
94-95
150-151
171
>230
>230
[a]f?
c (%)
Solvent 41
Ref.
-29.1
-31.2
-39.3
-34.9
-17.3
0.5-1.5
0.5-1.5
0.5-1.5
0.5-1.5
0.5-1.5
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
TFE
142
142
142
142
142
TFE, Trifluoroethanol
8.2.9.7. OL-Oligo(peptides) of o-Nitrophenylsulfenyl
L-Glutamic Acid Amides and Esters N p s f l - [ N H C H ( C H 2 C H 2 C O O C H 2 C 6 H 5 ) C O ] n - R

Specific rotation
NHC 2 H 5
1
2
4
6
2
4
8
12
OCH 2 C 6 H 5
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
417.5
636.7
1075.2
1513.6
699.7
1138.1
2014.9
2891.7
92-93
147-148
180-182
233-234
65-67
114-115
198-205
236-238
[<x]D
-40.0
-26.2
-8.2
+7.1
( 0 C)
20
22
25
26
c(%)
1.0
1.0
0.9
0.5
Solvent
Ref.
CHCl 3
CHCl 3
CHCl 3
CHCl 3
147
147
147
148
149
149
149
149
Solvent
Ref.
Nps = o-Nitrophenylsulfenyl.
8.2.9.8. Cyclo-y-Oligo(peptides)
of Glutamic Acid r - [NHCHCH2CH2CO]^-]
COOR
Specific rotation
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
[<x]D
( 0 C)
c (%)
2
3
4
2
3
4
258.2
387.3
516.5
370.4
555.7
740.9
189-192
235-238
232-236
220-222
203-206
230-232
+14.0
+90.0
+38.5
+23.0
-52.5
-38.0
22
22
22
23
23
23
0.5
0.5
0.45
1
1
0.5
C(CH 3 ) 3
0.1 N HCl
0.1 N HCl
0.1 N HCl
DMF
DMF
DMF
60
60
60
60
60
60
8.2.10. OLIGO(PEPTIDES) OF BASIC L-AMINO ACIDS (LYSINE, ORNITHINE, ARGININE, HISTIDINE)

8.2.10.1. Linear Oligo(peptides) H[NHCHRCO]nOH
Specific rotation
R
Rva
MoI. wt.
( 0 C)
[a]D
c (%)
Solvent
Lys
-(CH 2 ) 4 NH 2
1
146.2
0.24
+25.7
25
1.6
6 N HCl
2
274.4
0.17
+5.6
25
2
6 N HCl
3
402.6
0.12
-2.2
24
2
0.5 N HCl
4
530.7
0.09
5
658.9
0.06
n = 2-20: Ion-exchange chromatography, Refs. 209-212; n = 2-22; ORD, pK values, Ref. 209; n = 2 - 5 : CD, Ref. 217.
Lys(Boc)*
1
246.3
237-255
+4.7
26
0.88
2 N NH 3
-(CH 2 ) 4 NH-Boc
2
474.6
188
+16.4
20
1
MeOH
3
702.9
185-187
+7.4
20
1
MeOH
Arg
2
330.4
224-226
+1780^
1.4
NHCl
-(CH 2 ) 3 -NHCNH 2
3
486.6
227-232*
+ 1540crf
3.9
NHCl
b
Il
4
642.7
238-241
+ 1030c'<*
1.8
NHCl
NH
Refs.
1
39,40
40,41
40
40
219
213,214
214
216
126
216
TLC in n-butanol/acetic acid/water/pyridine (30:6:24:20).

Boc = tert butyloxycarbonyl-.
As flavianates.
Â = 224 nm
b
c
8.2.10.2. Endgroup Protected Oligo(peptides) X-[NHCHRCO] n -Y

Specific rotation
R
Lys(Boc)*
-(CH 2 ) 4 NH-Boc
OCH 3
OC(CH 3 ) 3
NHCH 3
OH
Boc
Boc
OC(CH 3 ) 3
OH
H
Boc
Suco a
OCH 2 C 6 H 5
Lys(Z)
-(CH 2 ) 4 NH-Z
Boc
OH
Om(Boc)
-(CH 2 ) 3 NH-Boc
OCH 3
OCH 3
Lys(Z)*
-(CH 2 ) 4 NH-Z
Orn(Boc)
Arg(NO2)
(CH2)3 NHCNH2
N-NO2
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
1
394.5
Oil
2
622.8
97-98
4
1079.4
121
8
2192.6
>260
2
664.8
82-84
4
1121.4
143-145
2
721.8
129
4
1078.3
174
8
1991.5
>260
16
3817.7
>260
1
380.4
Oil
2
790.0
112
3
837.0
107
7
1773.2
268
3
802.0
114
4
1031.0
92-95
n = 1,5-8,10,20: TLC, IR, CD
2
732.8
80
3
995.1
140
4
1257.4
156-158
5
1519.7
170
7
2044.3
245-248
2
642.7
97-105
4
1167.3
124-127
8
2216.5
1235-140
1
380.4
71
2
594.7
125
3
809.0
147
4
1023.2
152
5
1237.5
165-171
1
367.4
153-153.5
3
769.7
133-136
4
970.9
139-140
k (nm)
( 0 C)
c (%)
Solvent
-10.6
-5.5
-15.3
-16.4
-10.4
-15.5
-14.4
-16.6
-18.0
-14.6
-2.4
-3.1
-12.2
-19.0
-5.5
-15.4
589
589
589
589
578
578
589
589
589
589
589
578
589
578
578
589
26
20
22
22
22
20
22
22
22
22
26
22
20
22
22
20
1.9
2.1
2.1
2.1
1
1
2.0
1
1
1
1
1
Acetone
Acetone
CH3COOH
CH3COOH
DMF
DMF
CH3COOH
CH3COOH
CH3COOH
CH3COOH
Acetone
CH3COOH
MeOH
DMF
DMF
MeOH
-14.0
-16.2
-15.7
-16.7
-13.9
578
578
578
578
578
1
1
1
1
1
DMF
DMF
DMF
DMF
DMF
-14.4
-15.1
-13.7
-17.8
-5.1
589
589
589
589
589
1.08
1.34
1.1
1
1.05
90% AcOH b
90% AcOH
90% AcOH
MeOH
DMF
[ah
27
20
20
20
25
Refs.
219
218-220
220
220
213
213
220
220
220
220
219
213
214
213
213
214
213
213
213
213
213
215
215
215
221
221,222
222
221,222
222
216
216
216
8.2.10.2.
cont'd
Specific rotation
His(7t-Bom)fe
a
b
BOc
Y
OCH 3
MoL w t
3
4
5
6
7
904.1
1161.4
1418.7
1676.0
1933.3
m.p. ( 0 C)
[ah
I (nm)
( 0 C)
c (%)
67-69
78-81
93-97
117-122
155-163
-15.5
-21.2
-22.3
-23.3
-23.2
589
589
589
589
589
20
20
20
20
20
0.49
0.49
0.48
0.52
0.52
Solvent
MeOH
MeOH
MeOH
MeOH
MeOH
Refs.
223
223
223
223
223
Suco=/?-oxymethylbenzylcholestan-3-p-yl succinate.
Z- = Benzyloxycarbonyl-; Boc- = tert butyloxycarbonyl-; Ti-Bom-= 7V(7c)-benzyloxymethyl-; AcOH = acetic acid.
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8.3. OLIGO(IMINES)
8.3.1. LINEAR OLIGO(IMINES)
8.3.1.1. Linear Oligo(ethylene imines) H[NHCH2CH2LNH2
n
MoI. wt.
1
2
3
4
7
9
60.1
103.1
146.2
189.2
318.5
404.7
m.p. (0C)
b.p. (C/mbar)
11.0
116.5/1013
207.1/1013
277.9/1013
333/1013
109-110/11
199-200/1
12.0
d1^ (g/cm3)
jiff
0.8994
0.9586
0.9839
0.9994
1.4536
1.4810
1.4951
1.5015
1.5132
1.5161
Refs.
1,2
1-3
1-4
1-3
2,5
2,5
8.3.1.2. Linear Oligo(alkylene imines) R-[NH(CH ^ 6 NH(CH 2 )Io] n -R'

R7
R
H
OH
(CH2)ioOH
OH
NH(CH2)6NH2
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
272.5
526.9
781.4
428.8
683.2
937.7
370.7
625.1
879.6
64-67
70-72
85-86
99-100
90-93
80-84
70-72
86-88
81-85
Ref.
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
8.3.2. CYCLIC OLIGO(IMINES) [-[NH(CH 2 )J n -I

x
2
3
4
5
6
MoI. wt.
1
2
4
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
3
4
5
6
43.1
86.1
172.3
57.1
114.2
71.1
142.2
85.2
170.3
99.2
198.2
297.5
396.7
495.9
595.1
m.p. (0C)
104
35
14-15
-9
72
42
59-60
45
67-68
b.p. (C/mbar)
d4 (g/cm3)/C
55-56/1013
145-146/1013
110/10" 4
63/1013
186-188/1013
88/1013
95/16
106/1013
108-110/16
138/1013
0.8321/24
0.8436/20
0.8520/22.5
0.9020/18
0.8606/20
0.9195/13
0.8864/21
Refs.
2,7,8
8,9
10
11
8,11-13
14
8,13
14
8
8,15,16
13,17,18
17
17
17
17
8.3.2. cont'd
x
7
8
9
13
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
b.p. (C/mbar)
d4 (g/cm3)/C
Refs.
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
113.1
226.2
127.2
254.5
141.3
282.5
197.4
394.7
-33
26
162/1013
0.8895/20
0.9012/30
0.9021/21
16,19
19
16
20
16
19
16
21
90/32
55
0.8982/21
38
50-51
52
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20. A. Mueller, L. Kindlmann, Chem. Ber., 74, 416 (1941).
21. A. Mueller, Chem. Ber., 67, 295 (1934).
8.4.
8.4.4. CYCLIC OLIGO(UREAS)
OLIGO(UREAS)
8.4.1. OLIGO(METHYLENE UREAS) H[NHCONHCH2] ^NHCONH2

n
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
1
2
3
5
132.1
204.2
276.3
420.5
218 d
227
231-233
236 d
1,2
1
1,2
2
8.4.2. OLIGO(METHYLENE THIOUREAS)

H[NHCSNHCH 2 ] nNHCSNH 2
zw
m.p. (0C)
MoI. wt.
1
2
3
164.3
252.4
340.5
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
504.6
300-301
1
2
422.6
845.1
157-158
180-181
5
5
Refs.
Refs.
198 d
21Od
215 d
3,4
3
3
8.4.5. OLIGO(CARBONYLPIPERAZINES)
3.4.3. OLIGO(METHYLOLTHIOUREAS) R [ N H C S N H C H 2 L O H
R
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
1
2
1
2
106.2
194.3
136.2
224.3
104-105
190-192 d
92
132
CH 2 OH
Refs.
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
3,4
3
3
3,4
0
1
2
3
196.3
308.4
420.5
532.7
42-43
177
267
337
Refs.
6,7
7,8
7
7
REFERENCES
1. A. A. Wanscheidt, S. K. Naumova, J. P. Melnikowa, Zh.
Obshch. Khim., 10, 1968 (1940); through Chem. Zentralbl.,
II, 184 (1941).
2. H. Kadowaki, Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan, 11, 248 (1936).
3. H. J. Becher, R Griffel, Chem. Ber., 91, 691 (1958).
4. H. Staudinger, K. Wagner, Makromol. Chem., 12, 168 (1954).
D.
5. S. Foti, P. Maravigna, G. Montaudo, Macromolecules, 15, 883

(1982).
6. B. Ktihn, Chem. Ber., 33, 2900 (1900).
7. R. Schwalm, W. Heitz, Makromol. Chem., 187, 1415
(1986).
8. D. E. Rivett, J. F. K. Wilshire, Aust. J. Chem., 19, 869 (1966).
CARBON CHAIN OLIGOMERS CONTAINING MAIN CHAIN CYCLIC UNITS
TABLE 9. OLIGO(CYCLOPENTYLENES)
n
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
b.p. (C/mbar)
df (g/cm3)
1
2
3
4
6
70.1
138.3
206.3
274.5
410.7
-93.9
42.3/1013
190/1013
293-294/1013
369-370/1013
235/0.13
0.7510
0.8646
0.9177
0.9564
TABLE 10.
OLIGO(SPIRANES)
143-146
MoI. wt.
CH2
(CH 2)2
5
3
5
7
3
5
7
9
216.3
244.4
324.5
406.6
272.5
352.6
432.7
512.8
(CH2)3
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
1,2
1,2
1,2
1
b.p. (C/mbar)
Refs.
78/0.4
84/0.07
61
107-108
52.5
79.5
103-104
138-140
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
120-122/0.07
TABLE 11. OLIGO(XYLYLENES)

11.2. CYCLIC OLIGO(XYLYLENES)
11.1. LINEAR OLIGO(XYLYLENES)
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
b.p. (C/mbar)
0-
106.2
210.3
106.2
210.3
106.2
210.3
314.5
-25
66.5
-47.4
144/1013
177-178/127
139/1013
296/1013
138/1013
178/24
1
2
m- 1
2
p1
2
3
13-14
82
141-142
Refs.
5-7
7,8
7,9-12,30
10,13
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
0-
208.3
312.5
416.6
208.3
208.3
312.5
416.6
112-112.5
184.5
205
132-133
285-287
170-171
179-182
2
3
4
m- 2
p- 2
3
4
b.p. (C/mbar)
290/1013
Refs.
5,6,14
5,6
15
10
8,11-13,19,30
10,,13,30
13
TABLE 16. OLIGO(p-PHENYLENE OXIDES)
TABLE 12. OLIGO(STILBENES)

n
MoI. wt.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
180.2
282.4
384.5
486.5
588.7
690.9
793.0
m.p. (0C)
124
265
350-352
360-374
395-400
415-420
425
Refs.
17
16-18
17
16,17
16,17
16,17
16,17
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
1
2
3
4
170.2
262.3
354.4
446.5
28
73
105
142
23,27
23,27
23,27
TABLE 17. OLIGO(p-PHENYLENE SULFIDES)
TABLE 13. OLIGO(BENZYLS)

n
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
1
2
3
4
5
168.2
258.3
348.4
438.6
528.7
25.1
82
90
120
153-156
Refs.
20,23
21,23
23
22,23
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
1
2
3
4
186.4
294.5
402.6
510.7
-21.5
80
110
150
23,28
23
23
TABLE 14. OLIGO-(2,5-DIMETHYL-BENZYLS)

TABLE 18. OLIGO(p-PHENOXYPHENYLMETHANES)
MoI. wt.
1
2
4
6
224.3
342.5
578.8
815.1
m.p. (0C)
60-61
153-154
234-236
262-266
Refs.
22,24
22
22
22
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
1
2
350.4
532.7
59
101
Refs.
23
23
TABLE 15. OLIGO(2,3,5,6-TETRAMETH YL-BENZYLS)

TABLE 19. OLIGO(DIPHENYLMETHANES)
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
1
2
3
4
280.5
426.7
572.9
719.1
155-156
263-264
305-307
335-337
22,25
22,26
22
22
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
1
2
3
4
168.2
334.5
500.7
666.9
25.1
115
180
240
4,29
4
4
REFERENCES
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
J. V. Braun, J. Reitz-Kopp, Chem. Ben, 74, 1105 (1941).

G. E. Goheen, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 63, 744 (1941).
E. Buchta, K. Geibel, Ann. Chem., 678, 53 (1964).
M. Busch, W. Weber, J. Prakt. Chem., 146, 1 (1936).
W. Baker, R. Banks, D. R. Lyon, F. G. Mann, J. Chem. Soc, 27
(1945).
6. A. C. Cope, S. W. Fenton, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 73, 1668
(1951).
7. G. H. Coleman, W. H. Hoist, R. D. Maxwell, J. Am. Chem.

Soc, 58, 2310 (1936).
8. M. Swarcz, J. Chem. Phys., 16, 128 (1948).
9. T. Reichstein, R. Oppenauer, HeIv. Chim. Acta, 16, 1373
(1933).
10. W. Baker, J. F. W. McOmie, J. M. Norman, J. Chem. Soc,
1114(1951).
11. C. J. Brown, A. C. Farthing, Nature (London), 164, 915

(1949); J. Chem. Soc, 3261, 3265, 3270, (1953).
12. D. J. Cram, H. Steinberg, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 73, 5691 (1951).
13. L. A. Errede, R. S. Gregorian, J. M. Hoyt, J. Am. Chem. Soc,
82, 5218 (1960).
14. L. A. Errede, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 83, 949 (1961).
15. E. D. Bergmann, Z. P elchowicz, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 75,4281
(1953).
16. G. Drefahl, G. Ploetner, Chem. Ber., 94, 907 (1961); 91, 1274
(1958).
17. G. Drefahl, R. Kuehmstedt, H. Oswald, H.-H. Hoerhold,
Makromol. Chem., 131, 89 (1970).
18. T. W. Campbell, R. N. McDonald, J. Org. Chem., 24, 1246
(1959).
19. H. E. Winberg, E S. Fawcett, W. E. Mochel, C. W. Theobald,
J. Am. Chem. Soc, 82, 1428 (1960).
20. A. B. Galun, A. Kaluszymer, E. D. Bergmann, J. Org. Chem.,

27, 1426 (1961).
21. E. Connerade, Bull. Soc Chim. Beiges, 44, 411 (1935).
22. G. Montaudo, F. Bottino, S. Caccamese, R Finocchiaro, G.
Bruno, J. Polym. Sci. A-I, 8, 2453 (1970).
23. G. Montaudo, G. Bruno, P. Maravigna, P. Finocchiaro, G.
Centineo, J. Polym. Sci., 11, 65 (1973).
24. R. C. Huston, D. T. Ewing, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 37, 2394
(1915).
25. C. M. Welch, H. A. Smith, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 73, 4391
(1951).
26. H. Kaemmerer, M. Harris, Makromol. Chem., 66, 215 (1963).
27. H. Staudinger, F. Staiger, Ann. Chem., 517, 67 (1935).
28. E. Bourgeois, A. Fonassin, Bull. Chim. France, 9, 941 (1911).
29. N. Wolf, Chem. Ber., 14, 2031 (1881).
30. J. R. Schaefgen, J. Polym. Sci., 15, 203 (1955).
TABLE 20. PHENOL-FORMALDEHYDE AND RELATED

OLIGOMERS
20.1.2.2.
20.1. LINEAR PHENOL-FORMALDEHYDE OLIGOMERS

20.1.1. PHENOL-FORMALDEHYDE OLIGOMERS
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( C)
Refs.
1
2
3
4
5
6
200.2
306.4
412.5
518.6
624.7
730.8
119-120
158-159
161-162
148-150
203-204
213-214
1-4
2-6
3,4
4,7
4
4
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
1
2
3
4
5
136.1
256.3
376.5
496.7
616.9
70-72
148
183-184
204-205
152-154
61
11,13-16
11
11
61
20.1.2. /7-CRESOL-FORMALDEHYDE OLIGOMERS
20.1.3. p-tert BUTYLPHENOL-FORMALDEHYDE OLIGOMERS
20.1.2.1.
20.1.3.1.
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
11
228.3
348.4
468.6
588.7
708.9
829.1
949.2
1069.4
1189.5
1429.8
126
214-215
173
130
215-217
225-230
167-170
205-210
175-180
245
8-10,56-58
8-11,56-58
8,9,56,57
12,56,57
12
12
12
12
12
12
n
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
10
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
312.5
474.7
636.9
799.2
961.4
1123.6
1285.9
1448.1
1772.6
156
218-220
211
216-217
250
249-250
253-256
224-226
140
17,18,62
17,18,62
17,18,62
17,18,62
17,18,62
17,18
18
17
17
20.1.8. OLIGOMERS WITH CARBONYL AND SULFONYL

BRIDGES
20.1.3.2.
20.1.8.1.
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
0
1
2
4
220.4
340.5
460.7
701.0
70-71
125-130
82-84
188-190
61
61
61
61
/i
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
1
2
242.3
376.4
106-107
122-123
23,24,56-58
24,56,57
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
1
2
3
347.2
517.4
687.6
179
238-240
246-252
25
25
25
20.1.4. 2,4,6-MESITOL-FORMALDEHYDE OLIGOMERS

20.1.8.2.
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
1
2
284.4
432.6
188
257
Refs.
19
19
20.1.5. 4-CARBOXY-PHENOL-FORMALDEHYDE OLIGOMERS
20.2.
OLIGOMERIC PHENOL ALCOHOLS
20.2.1. OLIGOMERICPHENOLALCOHOLS
n
MoL wt.
1
2
288.3
438.4
m.p. ( C)
305-307
310
Refs.
59
59
20.1.6. 4-BROMO-PHENOL-FORMALDEHYDE OLIGOMERS
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
1
2
124.1
230.3
86-87
121.5-123
Refs.
3,26
3,27,28
20.2.2. PHENOL DIALCOHOLS
/i
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
1
2
358.1
543.1
183-184
237-238
1,60
60
20.1.7. /7-CRESOL-ACETALDEHYDE OLIGOMERS
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
1
2
154.2
260.3
101
126-127
29-32
28
20.2.3. /7-CRESOL MONOALCOHOLS

R
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
H
H
CH3
CH3
CH3
1
2
1
2
3
241.3
373.5
270.4
404.6
538.7
141
214-215
135-135.5
154-155
204-205
20,21
21
22
63
63
M o L wt.
1
2
4
138.2
258.3
498.6
m.p. (0C)
107
148
Refs.
8,33,34
8,9,35
36
20.2.4. /7-CRESOL DIALCOHOLS

20.3.2.
MoL wt.
1
2
3
168.2
288.3
408.5
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
133-134
151.5
203
13,37
9,35,38,39
9,39,40
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
Ref.
540.7
325-330
46
MoL wt.
Refs.
916.2
1201.5
20.3.3.
20.2.5. p-tert BUTYLPHENOL DIALCOHOLS
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
1
2
210.3
372.5
74-75
117-118
41
18
20.2.6. o-HYDROXYDIBENZYL ETHERS
47
43,47
20.4. BRANCHED PHENOL-FORMALDEHYDE OLIGOMERS

n
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
20.4.1.
318.4
85
42
20.3. CYCLIC PHENOL-FORMALDEHYDE OLIGOMERS
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
Ref.
158
48
20.3.1.
376.5
X
-CH 2 -
R
-CH 3
-C(CH3)3
/i MoL wt. m.p. (0C)

4
4
480.6
648.9
300
344-346
5
6
8
-C 6 H 5
4
6
8
-C 6 Hn
4
-CH 2 C 6 H 5
4
-C(CH3)2CH2CH3
4
-C(CH3)2CH2C(CH3)2 4
-CH 2 OCH 2 - -CH 3
4
-C(CH3) 3
3
811.1
973.5
1298.0
728.9
1093.4
1457.8
753.1
785.0
705.0
813.2
600.7
576-8
310
380-381
411-412
407-409
408-410
421-423
330
330
280
333
264-266
245
Refs.
36,43
18,44,
65,66
68
65,66,68
65,66,68
18,66,67
66,67
66,67
18
18
18
18
42
45
20.4.2.
Ri
R2
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
H
H
CH3
H
CH3
CH3
411.5
453.6
495.6
184-187
185-186
49
30,50
51
20.4.3.
20.5. HYDROQUINONE OLIGOMERS

20.5.1.
Ri
R2
MoL w.t
m.p. (0C)
H
CH3
CH3
H
CH3
CH3
1
1
2
624.7
737.0
1217.5
185-187
207-208
190-191
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
1
2
300.4
462.5
97-98
146-147
64
64
Refs.
52,53
6,53,54
54
20.5.2.
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
0
1
0
1
2
3
4
300.4
462.5
328.4
490.6
652.8
815.0
977.2
97-98
192-193
162-163
242-243
283-284
306-307
326-328
64
64
64
64
64
64
64
CH3
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H. V. Euler, E. Adler, B. Bergstroem, Arkiv Kemi, 14B, No. 30
(1941).
R. F. Hunter, C. Turner, Chem. Ind., 72, (1957).
E. Ziegler, Monatsh. Chem., 79, 142 (1948).
E. Ziegler, Oester, Chem. Ztg., 49, 92 (1948).
A. T. Carpenter, R. F. Hunter, J. Appl. Chem., 1, 217 (1951).
A. T. Carpenter, R. F. Hunter, J. Chem. Soc, 2731, (1954).
H. Kaemmerer, H. Lenz, Kunststoffe, 51, 26 (1961).
A. C. Davis, B. T. Hayes, R. F. Hunter, J. Appl. Chem., 7, 521
(1957).
R. F. Hunter, C. Turner, J. Appl. Chem., 7, 528 (1957).
55. H. v. Euler, E. Adler, S. V. Kispeczy, A. M. Fagerlund, Arkiv

Kemi, 14A, No. 10 (1940).
56. H.-J. Eichhoff, H. Kaemmerer, D. Weller, Makromol. Chem.,
129, 109 (1969).
57. H.-J. Eichhoff, H. Kaemmerer, D. Weller, Makromol. Chem.,
132, 163 (1970).
58. H. Kaemmerer, G. Gros, H. Schweikert, Makromol. Chem.,
143, 135 (1971).
59. H. Kaemmerer, W. Lotz, Makromol. Chem., 145, 1 (1971).
60. H. Kaemmerer, G. Gros, Makromol. Chem., 149, 85 (1971).
61. M. B. Huglin, G. J. Knight, W. W. Wright, Makromol. Chem.,
152, 67, 83 (1972).
62. T. Carins, G. Eglinton, Nature (London), 196, 535 (1962).
63. H. Kaemmerer, A. Kiegel, unpublished results.
64. G. Manecke, D. Zeipner, Makromol. Chem., 129, 183 (1969).
65. C. D. Gutsche, B. Dhawan, K. H. No, R. Muthukrishnan, J.
Am. Chem. Soc, 103, 3782 (1981).
66. C. D. Gutsche, Top. Curr. Chem., 123, (1984); Ace. Chem.
Res., 16, 161 (1983).
67. C. D. Gutcshe, K. H. No, J. Org. Chem., 47,2708 (1982); C. D.
Gutsche, P. F. Pagoria, ibid., 50, 5795 (1985).
68. A. Ninagawa, H. Matsuda, Makromol. Chem., Rapid Commun., 3, 65 (1982).
TABLE 21. OLIGO(PHENYLENES)
21.2. /w-OLIGO(PHENYLENES)
21.1.
21.2.1. LINEARm-OLIGO(PHENYLENES)
0-OLIGO(PHENYLENES)
21.1.1. LINEAR o-OLIGO(PHENYLENES)
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
b.p. (0C)
Refs.
3
4
6
8
230.3
306.4
458.6
610.8
59
119
217
320
332
420
1,2
1,3-6
3,5
5
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
b.p. (0C)
3
4
5
6
8
9
230.3
306.4
382.5
458.6
610.8
689.9
89
86.5-87.5
117-117.5
148
129-131
195-200
365
419
12-14
3,6,15-17
12,15,16
3,15,17,18
15,17
18
Refs.
Refs.
21.2.2. CYCLIC m-OLIGO(PHENYLENES)

n
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
6
8
456.6
608.8
509.5-511
449-451
19
19
21.1.2. CYCLIC o-OLIGO(PHENYLENES)
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
2
3
4
6
8
152.2
228.3
304.4
456.6
608.8
111
196.5
233
432
425
Refs.
4,5,7-9
10,11
4,5
5
5
21.2.3. OLIGO(3-METHYL-m-PHENYLENES)
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
b.p. (C)
Refs.
2
3
182.3
272.4
9-9.5
65
280
20-23
12
21.3.
/7-OLIGO(PHENYLENES)
21.3.1. /7-OLIGO(PHENYLENES)
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
b.p. (C/mm)
1
2
3
4
5
6
78.1
154.2
230.3
306.4
382.5
458.6
5.5
71
215
322
395
465
80.1
156
376
428/10
Solubility
(g/L toluene)
oo
430
7.4
0.12
<0.005
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
b.p. (0C)
1
2
3
92.1
182.3
272.4
-95
110.6
273-274
43
Refs.
22,23,32
33
m.p. (0C)
b.p. (C)
1
2
3
4
5
106.2
210.3
314.5
418.6
522.8
13.3
53-54
182-183
264-266
307-309
138.4
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
Solubility
(g/L toluene)
1
2
182.3
362.5
24
96
490
Refs.
20,23,36
37
21.3.6. OLIGO(3,3 '-DIMETHYL-BIPHENYLENES)
21.3.3. OLIGO(2,5-DIMETHYL-/?-PHENYLENES)
MoL wt.
24
3,12,14,25,26
3,12,16,21,25,26
12,16,21,25,21,2K
3,29-31
21.3.5. OLIGO(2,2 '-DIMETHYL-BIPHENYLENES)
21.3.2. OLIGO(3-METHYL-/?-PHENYLENES)
Refs.
Solubility
(g/L toluene)
oc
700
28
1.1
0.24
Refs.
20,34
34
34
34
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
1
2
3
4
5
6
182.3
362.5
542.8
723.0
903.3
1083.5
9-9.5
76.5
142
273
285
298
b.p. (0C)
Solubility
(g/L toluene)
280
oo
512
87
<6.5
~2
<0.8
Refs.
20-23,38
27,37
39
39,40
39,40
39,40
21.3.4. 0 0 0 0 ( 2 , 3 , 5 , 6 - T E T R A M E T H Y L - P - P H E N Y L E N E S )
21.3.7. OLIGO(3,3 "-DIMETHYL-p-TERPHENYLENES)
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
1
2
3
4
134.2
266.4
398.6
530.8
79.2
136-137
270-272
270-272
b.p. (0C)
196-198
Solubility
(g/L toluene)
oc
365
24
3.4
Refs.
34,35
34
34
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
Solubility
(g/L toluene)
Refs.
1
2
258.4
514.7
140-141
258
4.9
0.4
27,37
37
21.3.10. OLIGO(2',3''-DIMETHOXY-p-QUATERPHENYLENES)
21.3.8. OLIGO(2,5-DIMETHOXY-p-PHENYLENES)
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
1
2
3
4
138.2
274.3
410.5
546.6
56
105
189
246
b.p. (0C)
Refs.
212.6
20,41
41
41
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
Solubility
(g/L toluene)
1
2
366.5
730.9
183-184
276-277
13
0.2
Refs.
43
43
21.3.9. OLIGO(3,3 '-DIMETHOXY-BIPHENYLENES)

21.4. OLIGO(p-QUINONES)
MoI. wt.
1
2
214.3
426.5
m.p. (0C)
36
158
b.p. (0C)
Solubility
(g/L toluene)
328
22
Refs.
42
38,43
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
1
2
3
4
108.1
214.2
320.3
426.3
116.5
194
>230
230-270
41
41
41
REFERENCES
1. W. Bachmann, H. T. Clarke, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 49, 2089
(1927).
2. C. F. H. Allen, F. P. Pingert, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 64, 1365
(1942).
3. J. A. Cade, A. Pilbeam, Tetrahedron, 20,519 (1964); J. Chem.
Soc, 114(1964).
4. W. S. Rapson, R. G. Shuttleworth, J. N. van Niekerk, J. Chem.
Soc, 326 (1943).
5. G. Wittig, G. Lehmann, Chem. Ber., 90,875 (1957); G. Wittig,
G. Klar, Ann. Chem., 704, 91 (1967).
6. S. T. Bowden, J. Chem. Soc, 1111 (1931).
7. W. Baker, M. P. V. Boarland, J. F. W. McOmie, J. Chem. Soc,
1476 (1954).
8. W. C. Lothrop, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 63, 1187 (1941).
9. G. Wittig, W. Herwig, Chem. Ber., 87, 1511 (1954).
10. C. Mannich, Chem. Ber., 40, 159 (1907).
11. P G . Copeland, R. E. Dean, D. McNeil, J. Chem. Soc, 1689
(1960).
12. M. Busch, W. Weber, J. Prakt. Chem., 146, 1 (1936).
13. A. E. Gillam, D. H. Hey, J. Chem. Soc, 1170 (1939);
H. France, I. M. Heilbron, D. H. Hey, J. Chem. Soc, 1288
(1939); 1364 (1938).
14. G. F. Woods, J. W. Tucker, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 70, 2174
(1948).
15. R. L. Alexander, Jr., J. Org. Chem., 21, 1464 (1956).
16. G. F. Woods, F. T. Reed, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 71, 1348
(1949).
17. M. Bennett, N. B. Sunshine, G. F. Woods, J. Org. Chem., 28,
2514 (1963); W. Davey, D. H. Maass, J. Chem. Soc, 4386
(1963).
18. L. Silverman, W. Houk, Anal. Chem., 27, 1956 (1955).

19. H. A. Staab, F. Binnig, Tetrahedron Lett., 319 (1964); Chem.
Ber., 100, 293 (1967); H. Braunling, F. Binnig, H. A. Staab,
ibid., 100, 880 (1967).
20. F. Ullmann, G. M. Meyer, O. Loewenthal, E. Gilli, Ann.
Chem., 332, 38 (1904).
21. E. Mueller, T. Toepel, Chem. Ber., 72, 273 (1939).
22. G. F. Woods, A. L. Van Artsdale, F. T. Reed, J. Am. Chem.
Soc, 72, 3221 (1950).
23. E. A. Johnson, J. Chem. Soc, 4155 (1957).
24. E. Clar, "Polycyclic Hydrocarbons", Academic, New York,
Springer, Berlin, 1964.
25. O. Gerngross, M. Dunkel, Chem. Ber., 57, 739 (1924); O.
Gerngross, C. Schachnow, R. Jonas, Chem. Ber., 57, 747
(1954).
26. H. O. Wirth, K. H. Goenner, W. Kern, Makromol. Chem., 63,
53 (1963).
27. H. O. Wirth, K. H. Goenner, R. Stueck, W. Kern, Makromol.
Chem., 63, 30 (1963).
28. T. W. Campbell, R. N. McDonald, J. Org. Chem., 24, 730
(1959).
29. P. Kovacic, R. M. Lange, J. Org. Chem., 29, 2416 (1964).
30. T. Nozaki, M. Tamura, Y. Harada, K. Saito, Bull. Chem. Soc
Japan, 33, 1329 (1960).
31. R. Pummerer, K. Bittner, Chem. Ber., 57, 84 (1924); R.
Pummerer, L. Seligsberger, Chem. Ber., 64, 2477 (1931).
32. F. Mayer, K. Freitag, Chem. Ber., 54, 347 (1921).
33. H. O. Wirth, H. Hefner, W. Kern, unpublished results.
34. H. O. Wirth, F. U. Herrmann, W. Kern, Makromol. Chem., 80,
120 (1964).
35. E. Marcus, W. M. Lauer, R. T. Arnold, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 80,

3742 (1958).
36. D. M. Hall, M. S. Lesslie, E. E. Turner, J. Chem. Soc, 711
(1950).
37. W. Kern, M. Seibel, H. O. Wirth, Makromol. Chem., 29, 164
(1959).
38. W. Schlenk, M. Brauns, Chem. Ber., 48, 661 (1914).
39. W. Kern, W. Gruber, H. O. Wirth, Makromol. Chem., 37, 198
(1960).
40. W. Heitz, R. Ullrich, W. Kern, Makromol. Chem., 98, 29

(1966).
41. H. Erdtmann, M. Granath, G. Schultz, Acta Chem. Scand., 8,
1442 (1954).
42. N. Kornblum, Org. Syn. Coll. Vol. Ill, 295 (1962).
43. W. Kern, H. W. Ebersbach, I. Ziegler, Makromol. Chem., 31,
154 (1959).
E. OLrGOMERS CONTAINING HETEROCYCLIC RINGS IN THE MAIN CHAIN
TABLE 22.
22.1.
HETEROCYCLIC OLIGOMERS
OLIGO(FURAN)DERIVATIVES
22.1.1. OLIGO(FURFURYL) ALCOHOLS
n
1
2
3
m.p. (0C)
MoL wt.
98.1
178.2
258.3
-2.5
62-62.5
b.p. (C/mbar)
nj?
171/1000
141-143/12
192.5-295/8
1.4868
1.5290
Refs.
10,11
10-12,14
10-12,14
22.1.2. OLIGO(FURFURYL) FURANS

Ri
R2
MoI. wt.
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
148.2
228.2
308.3
388.4
162.2
256.3
350.4
176.2
284.3
392.5
500.6
608.7
190.2
312.4
434.6
204.3
340.4
476.6
216.3
364.5
CH3
CH3
CH3
CH3
C2H5
C2H5
C2H5
m.p. (0C)
b.p. (C/mbar)
df (g/cm3)
nf
78/16
141-146/11
1.102
1.5048
1.5324
91/28
114-116/0.13
165-168/0.04
73-76/7-8
120-123/1.3
163-167/1.3
1.073
1.4993
1.043
1.4966
1.030
1.5172
1.033
1.045
1.046
1.023
1.028
1.034
1.4970
1.5094
1.5173
1.4978
1.5089
1.5199
1.018
1.5221
74-75
99-101
-12
47.0/47.5
Oil
83-85
-9 to-8
13-17
86.8-87.6
68-70/3
143-145/1.3
205-210/1.3
76-77/3
162-163/2
212-215/2
94-95/2
200-205/2
Refs.
10,12,14-15,39
10,12
10,12,14
10,14
16,17
17
16,17
17,18
17,18
17,18
17
17
18
19
19
20
20
20
21
21
22.1.4. FURANOPHANES
R'
H
H
CH 3
CH 3
CH 3
C2H5
H
R"
CH 3
4
r-2,c-7,c-12,c-17C2H5
4
r-2,c-7,c-12,c-17CH 3
4
CH 3
5
6
C2H5
4
C2H5
4
4
22.1.5. TETRAHYDROFURANOPHANES
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
376.4
140-142
191.0-192.0
83-88
152.0-153.0
243
Oil
182
174
249-250
268-269
432.5
432.5
540.7
648.8
488.5
544.7
592.8
Refs.
16,17,22
22
22
22
18,23,24
17
17,18,24
18,19,22,24
18,20,24
21,24
m.p. (0C)
MoI. wt.
448.7
204-209
r-(lS, 3S, 6R, 8S, HR, 13R, 16S, 18R)- 218
r-(lS, 3R, 6S, 8R, HS, 13R, 16S, 18R)- 221
5 560.8
Oil
6 673.0
75-80
Refs.
17,18,20,21,23
25
25
17
17
22.2. OLIGO(THIOPHENE) DERIVATIVES

22.2.1. OLIGO(2.5-THIENYLENES)
n
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
b.p. (C/mbar)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
84.1
166.3
248.4
330.5
412.5
494.8
576.9
659.0
-38.4
33-34
96-97
215-216
257-258
304-305
327-328
364
84.2/1013
125/16
1.5289
22.3.
Refs.
1,27,28,34,41,42,44,49
1,3,26,28,30-33,42,44,47,49
1,3,27-29,41,42,44,46,49
1,3,28,29,42,48
3,27,28,42,44,46
3,29,48
42,46
OLIGO(PYRROLE) DERIVATIVES
22.3.1. OLIGO(PYRROLE) DERIVATIVES
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
214.3
105-106
174.2
59
4
4
428.6
588.8
291
272.0-272.5
No.
Oligomers
22.3.2. OLIGO[2,5-(N-METHYL)PYRROLENES]
b.p. (C/mbar)
Refs.
21,43
125-126/4
35
36,37
21
22.4. OLIGO(PYRIDINE) DERIVATIVES

22.4.1. OLIGO(2,6-PYRIDYLENES)
MoI. wt.
1
2
4
5
6
8
16
81.1
160.2
318.4
397.5
476.6
634.8
1267.6
m.p. ( C)
14-15
134
145
160
178-182
240-256
b.p. (C/mbar)
114-115/99.6
77-78/0.5
Refs.
13,42
42
42
42
42
42
MoI. wt. m.p. (0C)
1
2
3
4
5
6
79.1
156.2
233.3
310.4
387.5
464.5
-42
70.1
89-90
219-220
265
350
b.p. (C/mbar)
n$
115.5/1013
273-275/1013
370/1013
1.5095
Refs.
4,5
2,4-6
5
5
5
22.4.2. OLIGO(3,5-PYRIDYLENES)
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( C)
b.p. (C/mbar)
nf
1
2
3
79.1
156.2
233.3
-42
68
249-251
115.5
291-292/981
1.5095
264.2
233
42,45
328.5
255-256
42,45
492.7
420
42,45
328.5
300-301
42,45
528.7
410
45
312.3
355-360
45
Refs.
4,9
9
22.4.3. OLIGO(2,6-QUINOLYLENES)
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
1
2
3
4
129.2
256.3
383.5
510.6
-15.6
144
267-269
348-350
b.p. (C/mbar)
nj?
238.1/1013
Refs.
1.6268
7,8
8
8
22.5. CYCLIC OLIGO(HETEROCYCLICS)

No.
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
Refs.
188.2
189-190
38
220.3
194.5-196
38
REFERENCES
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16. W. H. Brown, H. Sanatzky, Can. J. Chem., 34, 1147 (1956).
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30. K. E. Schulte, J. Reisch, L. Homer, Chem. Ber., 95, 1943
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31. H. J. Kooreman, H. Wynberg, Rec. Trav. Chim. Pays-Bas, 86,
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32. T. Asano, S. Ito, N. Saito, K. Hatakeda, Heterocycles, 6, 317
(1977).
33. J.-P. Beny, S. N. Dhawan, J. Kagan, S. Sundless, J. Org.
Chem., 47, 2201 (1982).
34. J.-P. Morizur, Bull. Soc. Chim. France, 1331 (1964);
J.-P. Morizur, C. R., Ser. C, 254, 1093 (1962).
35. W. H. Brown, W. N. French, Can. J. Chem., 36, 371 (1958).
36. A. V. Baeyer, Chem. Ber., 19, 2184 (1886).
37. V. V. Chelintzev, B. V. Tronov, S. G. Karmanov, J. Russ. Phys.
Chem., 48, 1210 (1916); Chem. Abstr. 11, 1418 (1917).
38. H. E. Winberg, F. S. Fawcett, W. E. Mochel, C. W. Theobald,
J. Am. Chem. Soc, 82, 1428 (1960).
39. T. Reichstein, A. Griissner, H. Zschokke, HeIv. Chim. Acta,
15, 1066 (1932).
40. R. Grigg, J. A. Knight, M. V. Sargent, J. Chem. Soc. C, 976
(1966).
41. R. E. Atkinson, R. F. Curtis, G. T. Phillips, J. Chem. Soc. C,

2011 (1967).
42. Th. Kauffmann, Angew. Chem., 91, 1 (1979). Angew. Chem.,
Int. Ed. Engl., 18, 1 (1979).
43. D. Dolphin, R. Grigg, M. V. Sargent, D. H. Williams, J. A.
Knight, Tetrahedron, 21, 3441 (1965).
44. D. D. Cunningham, L. Laguren-Davidson, H. B. Mark Jr.,
Ch. V. Pham, H. Zimmer, J. Chem. Soc, Chem. Commun.,
1021 (1987).
45. Th. Kauffmann, B. Greving, R. Kriegesmann, A. Mitschker,
A. Woltermann, Chem. Ber., I l l , 1330 (1978).
46. J. Nakayama, T. Konishi, S. Murabayashi, M. Hoshino,
Heterocycles, 26, 1793 (1987).
47. J. Nakayama, Y. Nakamura, T. Tajiri, M. Hoshino, Heterocycles, 24, 637 (1986).
48. J. Nakayama, Y. Nakamura, S. Murabayashi, M. Hoshino,
Heterocycles, 26, 939 (1987).
49. K. Tamao, S. Kodama, I. Nakajima, M. Kumada, A. Minato,
K. Suzuki, Tetrahedron, 38, 3347 (1982).
TABLE 23. OLIGCKSACCHARIDES)

23.2. OLIGOMERIC HEXOSES
23.1. OLIGOMERIC PENTOSES
23.1.1. OLIGO(p-XYLOPYRANOSES)fl
23.2.1. MALTO-OLIGOfl
/I
MoI. wt.
m.p. ( C)
[a]|?inH 2 O
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
150.1
282.2
414.4
546.5
678.6
810.7
942.8
153
186-187
215-216
224-226
240-242
237-242
240-242
19.2
-25.6
-48.1
-61.9
-72.9
-78.5
-74.0
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
180.2
342.3
504.4
666.6
828.7
990.9
1153.0
146
160-165
[a]f in H 2 O
52.6
136.0
160.0
177.0
180.3
184.7
186.4
Refs. 4-6.
"Refs. 1-3.
23.1.2. OLIGO(p-XYLOPYRANOSE ACETATES)0
23.2.2. CYCLODEXTRINSa
n
MoI. wt.
m.p. (0C)
[a] Jf
2
3
4
5
6
534.5
750.7
966.9
1183.1
1399.3
155.5-156
109-110
201-202
249-250
260-261
-74.5
-84.3
-93.7
-97.5
-102.0
fl
Refs. 1-3.
c in CHCl 3
0.9
0.6
0.8
1.1
1.5
MoI. wt.
6
7
8
972.8
1135.0
1297.1
Refs. 4-6.
[a] D (c = l, H 2 O)
149.0
158.8
170.0
23.2.6. GENTIO-OLIGOSES0
23.2.3. CELLO-OLIGOSES0
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
[<x]D in H 2 O
1
2
3
4
180.2
342.3
504.4
666.6
150
190-195
52.5
9.6
-10.5
-19.5
Specific rotation
n
MoL wt.
m.p. ( 0 C)
[<x]D
( 0 C)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
180.2
342.3
504.4
666.6
828.7
990.9
1153.0
150
225 d
238 d
253 d
267 d
278 d
286 d
52.5
34.6
21.6
16.5
11.0
10.0
7.3
20
20
26
23
30
30
30
c in H 2 O
4
8
4
3.4
4.1
1.2
0.1
Ref. 15.
23.2.7. GALACTO-OLIGOSESa
Refs. 7-14.
23.2.4. CELLO-OLIGOSE ACETATES a
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
[a] D in H 2 O
1
2
3
4
180.2
342.3
504.4
666.6
167
210-211
115-120
-52.5
173
58
53
Ref. 15.
23.2.8. MANNO-OLIGOSESa
Specific rotation
r 120-25
n
MoL wt.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
390.4
678.6
966.9
1255.1
1543.4
1831.6
2119.8
fl
m.p. (0C)
113
229.5
223-224
230-234
240-241
252-255
263-266
(c = 5, in CHCl3)
101.6
41.0
22.6
13.4
4.2
-0.2
-4.4
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
[a] D
(0C)
c, H 2 O
1
2
3
4
180.2
342.3
504.4
666.6
132
193-194
137-137.5
232-234
-7.7
-23.3
-31
25
0.9
1.3
1.6
"Refs. 16,17.
23.3.
Refs. 7-14.
OLIGOMERIC AMINO SUGARS
23.3.1. N-ACETYL CHITO-OLIGOSESa
23.2.5. ISOMALTO-OLIGOSESa
Specific rotation
MoL wt.
1
2
3
4
5
6
180.2
342.3
504.4
666.6
828.7
990.9
fl
Ref. 15.
m.p. ( C)
146
225 d
MoL wt.
m.p. (0C)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
221.2
424.4
627.6
830.8
1034.0
1237.2
1440.4
260-262 d
290-311 d
290-30Od
285-295 d
MD
in H 2 O
[<x]D in H 2 O
52.6
153
160
163
"Refs. 18,19.
17.2
2.2
-4.1
-9.1
-11.4
-12.6
0.5
0.9
1.0
1.0
0.8
0.3
REFERENCES
1. R. L. Whistler, C-C. Tu, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 74, 4334
(1952).
2. R. H. Marchessault, T. E. Timell, J. Polym. Sci. C, 2, 49
(1963).
3. C. T. Bishop, Can. J. Chem., 33, 1073 (1955).
4. W. J. Whelan, J. M. Bailey, P. J. P. Roberts, J. Chem. Soc,
1293 (1953).
5. J. M. Bailey, W. J. Whelan, S. Peart, J. Chem. Soc, 3692
(1950).
6. K. Freudenberg, F. Cramer, Chem. Ber., 83, 296 (1950).
7. E. E. Dickey, M. L. Wolfrom, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 71, 825
(1949).
8. M. L. Wolfrom, J. C. Dacons, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 74, 5331
(1952).
9. L. Zechmeister, G. Toth, Chem. Ber., 64, 854 (1931).
10. K. Hess, K. Dziengel, Chem. Ber., 68, 1594 (1935).
11. C. S. Hudson, J. M. Johnson, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 37, 1276

(1915).
12. R. Willstaetter, L. Zechmeister, Chem. Ber., 46, 2401 (1913);
62, 722 (1929).
13. K. Freudenberg, G. Blomquist, Chem. Ber., 68, 2070 (1935).
14. H. Staudinger, E. V. Leopold, Chem. Ber., 67, 479 (1934).
15. W. Walter, in: H. M. Rauen (Ed.), "Biochemisches Taschenbuch", part 1, 2nd ed., Springer, Berlin, 1954, p. 98.
16. R. L. Whistler, C. G. Smith, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 74, 3795
(1952).
17. R. L. Whistler, J. Z. Stein, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 73, 4187
(1951).
18. S. A. Barker, A. B. Foster, M. Stacey, J. M. Webber, J. Chem.
Soc, 2218 (1958).
19. H. P. Lenk, M. Wenzel, E. Schuette, Hoppe-Seyler's Z.
Physiol. Chem., 326, 116 (1961).
S E C T I O N
P H Y S I C A L
S
C
R
O
T
N
A
S
N
T
T
O
Y
F
E
P h y s i c a l
C o n s t a n t s
o f
R u b b e r y
P o l y m e r s
lsao Furuta, S h i n - l c h i K i m u r a , M a s a m i c h i I w a m a
Yokkaichi Research Laboratories, Japan Synthetic Rubber Co. Ltd., Yokkaichi Mie, Japan
A. Introduction
B. Tables
Table 1. 1,4-c/s(96-98%)Poly(butadiene)
Table 2. Poly(butadiene-coacrylonitrile)
Table 3. Poly(butadiene-co-styrene)
Table 4. Poly(chloroprene)(CR Neoprene)
Table 5. Poly(isobutene)-coisoprene)Butyl
Rubber (MR)
Table 6. Polyisoprene, Natural Rubber
Table 7. Ethylene-Propylene-DieneTerpolymer (EPDM)
C. References
A.
V-1
V-1
V-1
V-2
V-3
V-3
V-4
V-5
V-6
V-6
INTRODUCTION
Where a range is given, there are available several

observations which differ. In most cases the differences
are thought to be real, arising from differences in the rubber
rather than from errors of observation. Where a single value
is given, it is either because no other observations are

available or because there seems to be no significant
disagreement among values within the errors of observation. Where values are not given, data have not been found.
Where dashes are shown, either the physical measurement
is impossible or the constant in question is not adequately
defined under the given conditions. The values shown refer
to specific vulcanizates cited in the corresponding references. Other vulcanizates may yield a broader range of
values.
The values are expressed in the International System of
Units (SI), the modern metric system, described in National
Bureau of Standards Special Publication 330, 1981 edition,
and in American Society for Testing and Materials Metric
Practice Guide E380-85.
Values are given for constants at a temperature of 25C
(273.15 K) and a pressure of 1 normal atmosphere =
101.325 kPa.
B. TABLES
TABLE 1. 1,4-c#s(96-98%)POLY(BUTADIENE)
Property
Density
Coefficient of expansion
Glass transition temperature
Specific heat
Thermal diffusivity
Solubility parameter
Polymer-solvent interaction
parameter (25-30 0 C)
Units
kg/m 3
K-1CxIO6)
0
C
J/kg/K (x 103)
W/m/K (x 10 ~3)
m 2 /s (x 10~9)
MPa 1 / 2
Unvulcanized
669
1.96
Refs.
Refs.
1.01
- 1 1 0 to - 95
1.960-1.970
200
3
1
5
2
4
17.0
0.51
0.53
0.45
0.44
0.36
7
7
8
7
7
Solvent
n-Heptane
n-Hexane
Cyclohexane
Benzene
Toluene
Pure-gum
vulcanizate
TABLE 1.
cont'd
Property
Units
Equilibrium melting temperature
K (0C)
Temperature of most rapid crystallization

Heat of fusion of crystal
K (0C)
J/kg (x 103)
Refractive index
Molar polarizability
Dielectric constant (50Hz)
Dielectric loss factor (50Hz)
Compressibility
Young's modulus
Shear modulus
Storage modulus (1 Hz)
Loss modulus
Loss tangent
ND
cm 3 (x 10~25)
TABLE 2.
Pa^(XlO"12)
Pa (x 106)
Pa (x 106)
log Pa
log Pa
Unvulcanized
Refs.
1.0
0
- 52 to - 57
47
169
1.526
71.4
2.3
0.8
500
10
11
3
11
10
12
12
3
3
2
Pure-gum
vulcanizate
1.3
0.96
5.98
4.79
0.065
Refs.
9
9
9
9
9
POLY(BUTADIENE-CO-ACRYLONITRILE)
Property
Units
Density
kg/m3
Specific heat
Thermal diffusivity
J/kg/K(xlO 3 )
W/m/K (x 10 ~3)
m 2 s (x 10~9)
MPa 1 / 2
Unvulcanized
Refs.
18.5-21.0
(18-39%)
Pure-gum
vuicanizate
Refs.
0.95a (20%)
1.02 (45%)
- 85 + A(20-40%)
(A =AN%)
1.970(40%)
250 (18-35%)
3
3
3
1.519(20%)
1.521 (45%)
5.5 (27%)
4.8 (40%)
35 (27%)
42 (40%)
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
parameter (25-300C)
AN%
Solvent
n-Heptane
rc-Hexane
Dichloromethane
Cyclohexane
Benzene
Toluene
Refractive index
Dielectric constant (10 6 Hz)
Dielectric loss factor (10 6 Hz)
a
Bound acrylonitrile content ( = AN%)).
N0
18
0.96
0.99
0.39
0.70
0.39
0.43
30
1.88
0.31
1.42
0.31
0.8
39
3.6
2.8
0.32
2.6
0.32
0.6
9
9
9
9
9
8
TABLE 3. POLY(BUTADIENE-co-STYRENE) (23.5-25% BOUND STYRENE CONTENT)

Property
Density
Specific heat
Thermal diffusivity
parameter (25-300C)
Units
kg/m3
K- 1 CxIO 6 )
C
J/kg/K(xlO 3 )
W/m/K (x 10 " 3 )
m2/s (x 10 ~9)
MPa1/2
Unvulcanized
Refs.
933
(932.5-933.5)
660
- 64 to - 59
1.89
43
43
43
43
45
17.0
Pure-gum
vulcanizate
Refs.
980
940-1000
660
- 52
1.83
190-250
90
17
17
17,18,44
21
24
46,47
48
Solvent
n-Heptane
n-Hexane
Dichloromethane
Cyclohexane
Benzene
Toluene
Heat of combustion
Refractive index
J/kg (x 106)
ND
Dielectric constant (1 kHz)
Dielectric loss factor
Electric conductivity
Compressibility
Bulk modulus (isothermal)
Young's modulus
cm3 (x 10~25)
Sm" 1 (x 10~15)
Pa- 1 CxIO" 1 2 )
Pa(xlO 6 )
Pa (x 106)
Shear modulus
Pa(xlO 6 )
Shear compliance
Pa^(XlO"6)
Storage modulus
log Pa
Loss modulus
log Pa
Loss tangent
Tensile strength
Ultimate elongation
0.59
0.66
0.47
0.48
0.40
0.31
56.5
1.5345
(1.534-1.535)
2.5
0.0009
530
1890
5.82
(5.82-5.85)
4.94
(4.56-4.94)
0.13
(0.05-0.13)
9
9
9
9
9
13
43
43
43
33
33
2.66
0.0009
49
49
510
1960
1.6
1.0-2.0
0.53
0.3-0.7
7
3-10
5.88
5.64-6.20
4.92
4.73-5.04
0.11
50
49
21,35
35
21
35
21,35
21,35
64
64
64
64
64
1.4-3.0
400-600
19,42
19,42
40
40
40
40
40
40
MPa
%
33
33
TABLE 4. POLY(CHLOROPRENE) (CR NEOPRENE)

Property
Density
Specific heat
Thermal diffusivity
Units
kg/m3
K" 1 (x 106)
0
C
J/kg/K(xl0 3 )
W/m/K (x 10~3)
m2/s
MPa1/2
Unvulcanized
1230
600
-45
2.2-2.2
192
10 ~9
18.5
Refs.
Pure-gum
vulcanizate
43,51,58
46,58
60
46
58
1320
610-720
-45
2.1-2.2
192
Refs.
17
17,58,59
21,59,60,61
46
58
References page V- 6
TABLE 4. cont'd
Property
Units
Unvulcanized
Refs.
Pure-gum
vulcanizate
Refs.
parameter (25-300C)
Solvent
n-Heptane
n-Hexane
Dicyclomethane
Cyclohexane
Benzene
Toluene
Refractive index
Dielectric constant
Compressibility
Young's modulus
Shear modulus
Shear compliance
Poisson's ratio
Storage modulus
Loss modulus
Loss tangent
Tensile strength
Ultimate elongation
K (0C)
K (0C)
J/kg (x 103)
ND
0.85
0.89
0.53
0.69
0.26
0.70
328-351 (55-78)
268 ( - 5)
95
1.558
Sm" 1 (x 10~15)
Pa^(XlO"12)
Pa (x 106)
Pa(XlO 6 )
Pa (x 106)
Pa^(XlO"6)
9
9
9
9
9
13
62,63
65
63
20
480
2080
49,50
50
Unvulcanized
Refs.
log Pa
log Pa
MPa
%
261 (-12)
6.5-8.1
0.03/0.86
3-1400
440
2270
1.6
0.52
2.0
0.49974
5.81
5.04
0.17
25-38
800-1000
65,66
33
33
33
49,50
50
21,35
21
19,21,35
38
57,59
57,59
57,59
19,42
19,42
TABLE 5. POLY(ISOBUTENE-co-ISOPRENE) BUTYL RUBBER (NR)

Property
Density
Specific heat
Thermal diffusivity
Polymer- solvent
interaction parameter
Units
kg/m" 3
K^(XlO6)
C
J/kg/K(xlO 3 )
W/m/K (x 10~3)
m 2 /s (x 10 ~9)
MPa 1/2
917
750
-71
1.95
16.0
51
53
53
23,24,29
Pure-gum
vulcanizate
933
930-970
560
-63
1.85
130
70
Refs.
52
17
52,54
21
24
47
55
Solvent
rc-Heptane
/z-Hexane
Dicyclomethane
Cyclohexane
Benzene
Toluene
Refractive index
Dielectric constant (IkHz)
K (0C)
K (0C)
ND
0.48
0.52
0.58
0.44
0.66
0.56
275 (1.5)
239 ( - 34)
1.5081
2.38
0.003
14
14
14
14
14
14
53
53
43
33
33
2.42
0.0054
33
33
TABLE 5.
cont'd
Property
Units
Compressibility
Young's modulus
Shear modulus
Pa" 1 (x 1012)
Pa(xlO6)
Pa(xlO6)
Pa(xlO6)
Shear compliance
Strage modulus
Loss modulus
Loss tangent
Tensile strength
Ultimate elongation
Pa" 1 (x 10~6)
log Pa
log Pa
TABLE 6.
Unvulcanized
6.50
5.98
0.3
Refs.
56
56
56
MPa
%
Pure-gum
vulcanizate
508
1970
1.0
0.33
0.2-0.5
3.1
5.64
5.48
0.7
18-21
750-950
Refs.
54
54
21,35
21,35
19,21,35
21
57
57
57
19,42
19,42
POLYISOPRENE, NATURAL RUBBER
Property
Units
Density
kg/m3
Specific heat
Thermal diffusivity
Polymer-Solvent interaction
K" 1 (x 106)
C
J/kg/K(xl0 3 )
W/m/K (x 10 ~3)
m 2 /s (x 10)
MPa1/2
Unvulcanized
913
906-916
670
-72
(-74 to-69)
1.905
134
1.7
Refs.
Pure-gum
vulcanizate
16
970
16
(920-1000)
16
660
2 0 - 6 3
20
(-72 to-61)
22,23
1.828
16
153
70
6
Refs.
17,18
19
16
21
21
24
25,26
27
Solvent
^-Heptane
/i-Hexane
Dichloromethane
Cyclohexane
Benzene
Toluene
Heat of combustion
Refractive index
Dielectric constant (1 kHz)
Dielectric loss factor (1 kHz)
Compressibility
Young's modulus
K( 0 C)
K (0C)
J/kg (x 103)
J/kg (x 106)
NDK-1
cm 3 (x 10~25)
Shear modulus
Pa (x 106)
Shear compliance
Pa^(XlO"6)
Poisson's ratio
Storage modulus
log Pa
Loss modulus
log Pa
Sm" 1 (x IO"15)
Pa^(XlO"12)
Pa(xlO6)
Pa (x 106)
0.43
0.47
0.40
0.53
0.44
0.39
9
9
9
9
9
9
308.6(35.5)
248 ( - 25)
67.3
45.2
1.5191(25C)
28
30
31
16
32
2.37-2.45
0.001-0.003
2.57
515
1940
16,33
33
16,33
34
34
5.61
5.53-5.75
4.46
(4.43_4.65)
40
40
313(40)
29
44.4
1.5264
2.68
0.002-0.04
2-100
514
1950
1.3
(1.0-2.0)
0.43
0.3-0.7
2.3
(1.5-3.5)
0.49989
5.61
5.49-5.78
3.80
3.72-4.48
16
16
33
33
16,33
34
34
35,36
19,35
21,36
21,37
21,36
21,37
34,38,39
41
41
References page V-6
TABLE 6. cont'd
Property
Units
Loss tangent
Tensile strength
Ultimate elongation
Unvulcanized
0.09
0.07-0.13
Refs.
40
MPa
%
Pure-gum
vulcanizate
0.016
0.01-0.05
17-25
750-850
Refs.
41
19,42
19,42
TABLE 7. ETHYLENE-PROPYLENE-DIENE-TERPOLYMER (EPDM)

Property
Density
Specific heat
Thermal diffusivity
Polymer-Solvent interaction
Units
kg/m3
C
J/kg/K (x 103)
W/m/K (x 10 ~3)
m 2 /s (x 10~9)
MPa 1/2
Unvulcanized
Refs.
Pure-gum
vulcanizate
0.85
60 to 69
2340
16.0-16.5
Refs.
3
1
3
Solvent
n-Heptane
w-Hexane
Dichloromethane
Cyclohexane
Benzene
Toluene
Refractive index
Young's modulus
Shear modulus
Storage modulus (IHz)
Loss modulus (1 Hz)
Loss tangent (1 Hz)
ND
Pa(xlO6)
Pa(xlO6)
MPa
MPa
0.44
0.49
0.32
0.35
0.58
0.49
15
16
16
15
15
15
1.48
2.0
1.59
1.59
0.12
0.077
3
13
13
13
13
13
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of Vol. Ill in R. Houwink (Ed.), "Elastomers. Their Chemistry, Physics, and Technology", Elsevier, New York, 1948.
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38, 106 (1946); Rubber Chem. Technol., 19, 622 (1946).
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26. M. N. Pilsworth, Jr., H. J. Hoge, H. E. Robinson; J. Mater., 7
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31. H. G. Kim, L. Mandelkern, J. Polym. Sci. A-2, 10, 1125
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33. A. T. McPherson, Rubber Chem. Technol. (Rubber Rev.), 36,
1230 (1963).
34. L. A. Wood, G. M. Martin, J. Res. Natl. Bur. Std., 68A, 259
(1964); Rubber Chem. Technol., 37, 850 (1964).
35. G. M. Martin, F. L. Roth, R. D. Stieler, Trans. Inst, Rubber
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36. F. L. Roth, G. W. Bullman, L. A. Wood, J. Res. Natl. Bur.
Std., 29A, 347 (1965); Rubber Chem. Technol., 39, 397
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37. W. Philipoff, J. Appl. Phys., 24, 685 (1953).
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39. G. K. Rightmire, Am. Soc. Mech. End. Trans. Series F, J.
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40. L. J. Zapas, S. L. Shufler, T. W deWitt, J. Polym. Sci., 18,

245 (1955); Rubber Chem. Technol., 29, 725 (1956).
41. J. D. Ferry, R. G. Mancke, E. Maekawa, Y. Oyanagi, R. A.
Dickie; J. Phy. Chem., 68, 3414 (1964).
42. J. M. Ball, G. C. Maassen, Symp. Applications of Synthetic
Rubbers, American Society for Testing Materials, March 2,
1944, p. 27.
43. L. A. Wood, "Physical Chemistry of Synthetic Rubbers",
Chapter 10 in: G. S. Whitby (Ed.), "Synthetic Rubbers", J
Wiley, New York 1954.
44. I. B. Prettyman, "Physical Properties of Natural and
Synthetic Rubber Stocks", Handbook of Chemistry and
Physics, Chemical Rubber Pub. Co., Cleveland, in: 1962,
p. 1564.
45. R. D. Rands, Jr., W. J. Ferguson, G. Allen, Polymer, 10, 495
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47. H. Shilling, Kautschuk Gummi, 16, 84 (1963).
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Technol., 21, 82 (1948).
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of Supply, London, 1945, or Chemical Publishing Co.,
Brooklyn, NY, p. 30.
50. W. S. Cramer, I. Silver, NSVORD Report 1778, Feb. 1951,
US Naval Ordnance Lab., White Oak, MD.
51. L. A. Wood, N. Bekkedahl, F. L. Roth, J. Res. Natl. Bur. Std.,
29, 391 (1942) RP 1507; Ind. Eng. Chem., 34, 1291 (1942);
Rubber Chem. Technol., 16, 244 (1943).
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495 (1969).
55. D. R. MacRae, R. L. Zapp, Rubber Age, 82, 831 (1958).
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57. J. H. Dillon, I. B. Prettyman, G. L. Hall, J. Appl. Phys., 15,
309 (1944); Rubber Chem. Technol., 17, 597 (1944).
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E. I. DuPont de Numours and Company, Wilmington, DE,
1953.
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60. R. M. KeIl, B. Bennett, P B. Stickney, J. Appl. Polym. Sci.,
2, 8 (1959).
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Polym. Sci. A-2, 4, 475 (1966).
63. J. T. Maynard, W. E. Mochel, J. Polym. Sci., 13, 235 (1954).
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(1957).
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650 (1976).
S E C T I O N
S T A T E
V l
P R O P E R T I E S
C r y s t a l l o g r a p h i c
f o r
D a t a
V a r i o u s
a n d
M e l t i n g
P o i n t s
P o l y m e r s
R o b e r t L. M i l l e r
Michigan Molecular Institute, 1910 West St. Andrew Rd., Midland, Ml 48640, USA
A. Introduction
1. Nomenclature
2. Examples of Polymer Names
2.1. Polymer Names Based on Source
2.2. Polymer Names Based on Structure
References for Introduction
B. Crystallographic Data for Various Polymers
Table 1. Poly(olefins)
Table 2. Poly(vinyls) and Poly(vinylidenes)
Table 3. Poly(aromatics) and Poly(imides)
Table 4. Poly(dienes) and Poly(diynes)
Table 5. Poly(peptides)
Table 6. Poly(amides)
Table 7. Poly(esters)
Table 8. Poly(urethanes) and Poly(ureas)
Table 9. Poly(ethers)
Table 10. Poly(oxides)
Table 11. Poly(sulfides) and Poly(sulfones)
Table 12. Poly(saccharides)
Table 13. Other Polymers
C. Melting Points of Polymers
D. Appendix: Formula Index to the Tables
E. References
A.
Vl-I
Vl-I
VI-2
VI-2
VI-3
VI-5
VI-5
VI-6
Vl-13
Vl-15
VI-22
VI-26
VI-33
VI-40
VI-49
VI-51
VI-52
VI-57
VI-59
VI-64
VI-71
Vl-113
VI-159
INTRODUCTION
These tables contain data for approximately 2700 polymers.

In general, the format and organization of the tables follows
that used in the 2nd edition of the "Polymer Handbook"
(Section B: Crystallographic Data; Section C: Melting
Points; Section D: Formula Index and Section E: References). The Formula Index is included as an aid to the
searcher: it permits one to determine the polymer name
used in these tables from the structural line formula for the
polymer of interest.
To avoid the duplication of data for polymers appearing
in both the Crystallographic Data and Melting Point tables,
the entry in the Melting Point table has been flagged with
an asterisk (*).
1. Nomenclature
Contrary to the rest of the Polymer Handbook, the ACSIUPAC nomenclature proposals (1,2) for naming regular
single-strand organic polymers have not been adopted for
these tables. Basically, the nomenclature used in this
portion of the Polymer Handbook is that of the 1st and
2nd editions and of the 1967 recommendations of the
IUPAC Nomenclature Committee (3). The majority of
polymers were named as the bivalent radical(s) comprising
the constitutional repeating unit (CRU), with priority in
naming given to (a) incorporation of important structural
features (amide, ester, oxide, etc.) and (b) emphasis on
symmetry of the CRU (when present). As in the past, many
common polymers (poly(styrene), poly(vinyl chloride),
etc.) were named according to source names.
In the majority of cases, the polymer was named
according to its structure, particularly when the CRU
was composed of two or more subunits following each
other in a regular fashion. An example is poly(ethylene
terephthalate). With more complicated structures, the
CRU was divided into its possible subunits, each of which
was treated as a bivalent radical and so named. One of
the subunits was treated as the parent compound, for
example, the "terephthalic acid" of the above example.
For poly(amides) and poly(esters), the acid was chosen as
the parent compound; for poly(urethanes) it was the
isocyanate.
Whenever the CRU (or a portion thereof) exhibited a
center of symmetry, naming began with the central subunit
using Chemical Abstracts/IUPAC names for the constituent
bivalent radicals (see under examples). Conjunctive names
were used as needed in constructing names. For symmetrical units, this process of naming could be continued
indefinitely.
Unsymmetrical bivalent units were named with replacement nomenclature, or from end to end, depending upon the
complexity of the bivalent radical and the ease of naming
by the alternative choices. Replacement nomenclature was
used, for example, to name poly(hexamethylene 6-oxaheptadecanediamide). The polymer from the symmetrical
oxyacid would be named poly(hexamethylene oxydicaprylamide).
More complicated structures without symmetry were

named end to end. This method was particularly appropriate
for the poly(oxides) of the form -(R-O-R'-O^ (and for
the analogous sulfides, sulfones, ureas, and anhydrides)
and for the poly(co-amino acids) and for the poly
(G)-hydroxy acids). The constitutional hydrocarbon
subunits were ordered alphabetically in naming the polymer
as, for example, in poly(methyleneoxy pentamethylene
oxide).
For silicon-containing polymers, bivalent radical names
replaced the source-based silane/siloxane names. For
example, the source-named polymer, poly[(tetramethylsilphenylene) siloxane], appears in these tables as poly(/?phenylene tetramethyldisiloxanylene).
For the regular polymers of multipeptides, a cyclic
permutation of the individual peptide residues in the
constitutional base unit was performed to permit alphabetical ordering without loss of directional or sequential
sense. Thus, poly(alanylglycyl-proline) is the name given to
polymers prepared form (ala-gly-pro), (gly-pro-ala), and
(pro-ala-gly), but not from (ala-pro-gly) or from either of its
cyclic permutations.
2. Examples of Polymer Names

2.1. Polymer Names Based on Source
Olefin, Vinyl, and Acyclic Polymers
[-CH 2 -CH 2 -J n
Poly(ethylene)
[-CH-CH2-Jn
PoIy(I-butene)
CH 2 -CH 3
[-CH-CH 2 -] n
Poly(acrylonitrile)
CN
[-CH-CH 2 -J n
Cl
[-CH-CH2-Jn
COOCH3
Poly(amides)l
[-NH-CH 2 -COO-J n
Poly(glycine)
[-NH-(CH 2 ) 2 -COO-] n
Poly(3-aminopropionic acid)
(poly (|3-alanine))
[-NH-(CH 2 ) 3 -COO-] n
Poly(4-aminobuyric acid)
[-NH-(CH 2 ) 4 -COO-] n
Poly(5-aminovaleric acid)
[-NH-(CH 2 ) 5 -COO-] n
Poly(6-aminocaproic acid)
[-NH-(CH 2 ) 6 -COO-] n
Poly(7-aminoenanthic acid)
[-NH-(CH 2 ) 7 -COO-] n
Poly(8-aminocaprylic acid)
[-NH-(CH 2 ) 8 -COO-L
Poly(9-aminopelargonic acid)
[-NH-(CH 2 ) 9 -COO-] n
Poly(10-aminocapric acid)
[-NH-(CH 2 ) lo-COO-]
PoIy(11-aminoundecanoic acid)
[-NH-(CH2)n-C00-]n
PoIy(12-aminolauric acid)
Poly(oxides)
[-CH 2 -O-J n
Poly(oxymethylene)
[-CHO-Jn
Poly(acetaldehyde)
CH3
1
Poly(esters) are treated similarly.
Poly(propylene oxide)
Poly(trimethylene oxide)
2.2.
Polymer Names Based on Structure
(a) Linking Radicals

Ethylene
Trimethylene
Oxydiethylene
Ethylenedioxy-diethylene
Sulfonyldiethylene
methylphosphinidene-ditrimethylene
/?-Phenylenediethylene
4,4/-Biphenylenediethylene
4,4 '-Methylenediphenylene
4,4 '-Ethylidenediphenylene
4,4 '-Isopropylidenediphenylene
4,4 '-Butylidenediphenylene
4,4'-(2,2-Butylidene)diphenylene
4,4 '-Oxydiphenylene
4,4 '-Sulfonyldiphenylene
(b) Parent Compounds

Oxalate (oxamide)
Malonate (malonamide)
Succinate (succinamide)
Glutarate (glutaramide)
References page VI-159
Adipate (adipamide)
Pimelate (pimelamide)
Suberate (suberamide)
Azelaate (azelaamide)
Sebacate (sebacamide)
Nonanedioate (nonanediamide)
Oxydipropionate
p-Phenylene diacetate
/7-Phenylenedipropionate
4,4'-DIbCnZOaIe
4,4 '-Methylenedibenzoate
4,4 '-Oxydibenzoate
4,4' -Sulfonyldibenzoate
4,4' -Oxy dipheny lenediacetate

4,4 /-(Ethylenedioxy)dibenzoate
/?-(Phenylenedioxy)diacetate
(p-Carboxyphenoxy)acetate
1,4-Piperazinediacetate
(c) Polymer Names
Poly(esters)2
Poly(ethylene 4,4'-dibenzoate)
Poly(ethylenep-phenylenediacetate)
Poly(ethylene 4,4 '-isopropylidenedibenzoate)
Poly(ethylene 4,4 '-sulfonyldibenzoate)
Poly(urethanes)
Poly(trimethylene ethylene-urethane)
2
Poly(amides) are treated similarly.
Poly(oxides), Poly(sulfides), Poly(amines)

Poly(ethylene trimethylene oxide)
Poly(ethylene trimethylene sulfide)
Poly(ethylene trimethylene amine)
REFERENCES FOR INTRODUCTION

1. ACS Structure-based Nomenclature for Linear Polymers,
2. IUPAC Appendices on Tentative Nomenclature, Symbols,
Units, and Standards - Number 29, Nomenclature of Regular
Single-strand Organic Polymers, November 1972 - Macromolecules, 6, 149 (1973).
3. 1967 IUPAC Report on Nomenclature, J. Polym. Sci. B, 6, 257
(1968).
B. CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC DATA FOR VARIOUS
POLYMERS
The following table presents crystallographic data for about

750 polymers (and for their many polymorphs) grouped,
according to the generic structure of the constitutional base
unit, into poly(olefins), poly(vinyls) and poly(vinylidenes),
poly(aromatics) and poly(imides), poly(dienes) and poly(diynes), poly(peptides), poly(amides), poly(esters), poly(urethanes) and poly(ureas), poly(ethers), poly(oxides),
poly(sulfides) and poly(sulfones), poly(saccharides), and
other polymers. Where a polymer might be included in
more than one group the following group definitions were
used:
1. Poly(olefins): those olefin polymers not containing
aromatic rings; all substituted derivatives of these,
excluding the vinyl and vinylidene polymers. For
example, poly(ethylene), poly(tetrafluoroethylene),
and poly(cyclopentene), but not poly(styrene) or poly(vinyl chloride).
2. Poly(vinyls) and Poly(vinylidenes): those vinyl and
vinylidene polymers containing atoms other than
carbon and hydrogen, excepting the poly(ethers). Thus,
poly(vinyl chloride) but not poly(methylvinyl ether).
3. Poly(aromatics) and Poly(imides): those hydrocarbon
polymers containing aromatic rings, including heterocyclic ones. Thus, poly(styrene), poly(p-xylylene), and
poly(p-phenylene pyromellitimide).
4. Poly(peptides): those polymers whose basic structure,
ignoring substituents, is poly(2-aminoacetic acid), that
is, poly(glycine). This group contains mainly the
synthetic poly(oc-amino acids).
5. Poly(amides): all amide polymers except the poly(ocamino acids), which are separately grouped under
poly(peptides).
6. The remaining categories contain polymers according
to functional groups as, for example, the poly(esters).
Poly(ethers) and poly(oxides) are differentiated accord-
ing to whether the ether linkage is in the side-group

or in the chain backbone, respectively. For example,
poly(l-butoxy-2-chloroethylene) is a poly (ether) and
poly(oxymethylene) is a poly(oxide).
7. Those polymers not otherwise categorized, such as
the poly(phosphazenes) and the poly(siloxanes), are
grouped in the "other" category.
Within each group, polymers are listed alphabetically
according to the basic structure, ignoring substituents
(excepting the polypeptides, all of which have the same
base structure). Substituted polymers are listed alphabetically according to the substituent under the entry for the
unsubstituted polymer. Thus, poly(tetrafluoroethylene) and
poly(4-methyl-l-pentene) appear, respectively, under polyethylene) and poly(l-pentene).
Included as part of the polymer name column is the
molecular weight of the chemical repeat unit of the chain,
that is, of the constitutional base unit. This is given in
parentheses just below the polymer name. The values
reported are in grams per mole.
Unless otherwise indicated, the reference cited in the last
column applies to all of the data in that line of the tables.
Where an entry in a line has been taken from a source
different from that listed in the reference column, a solidus
(/) separates the value of the entry from the reference
citation. For example, one value of the melting point of
poly(l-butene) is given as "126/12" which is to be read as
"126C according to Ref. 12".
The crystal system, where known, is given in column 2
of the table, using the abbreviations given later. The next
column contains the space group symbol (the Schoenflies
notation is used because of the limitations of common
printers at mainframe installations) with the subscript
portion of the symbol preceding the superscript portion.
Thus, according to Ref. 14, the poly(ethylene) unit cell is
orthorhombic (Ortho) with space group D ^ (D2h-16). For a
fuller discussion of space group symbols, see "International
Tables for X-Ray Crystallography", Vol. I, Kynoch Press,
Birmingham, England, 1952.
The dimensions of the unit cell (a, b, c) are given next, in
Angstroms (1 A = 0.1nm). c is the fiber axis. Unless
otherwise indicated, the unit cell angles are all 90. Where
only one angle differs from 90, its value is given. When all
three angles differ from 90, their values are listed in the
order a, /3, 7. The next column contains the number of
constitutional base units in the unit cell described.
Columns 9 and 10 contain the densities of the completely crystalline and of the completely amorphous
polymer, respectively. The values given, normally approReferences page VI-159
priate to room temperature, are in grams per cubic

centimeter (lg/cm 3 = 103kg/m3). For uniformity crystallographic densities (column 9) have been recalculated on
the basis of the 1969 IUPAC atomic weight values.
Melting points in degrees Celsius and heats of fusion in
kilojoules per mole are listed in the next two columns. The
heats of fusion correspond to the amount of substance
represented by the molecular weight associated with each
polymer name.
Column 13 of the tables indicate briefly the conformation of the polymer chain in the crystal (in a helical
notation) either as reported in the reference cited or as
inferred from the value of the fiber axis. The designation
n *p/q specifies the number (n) of skeletal atoms in the
asymmetric unit of the chain and the number of such
asymmetric units (p) per q turns of the helix in the
crystallographic repeat. Thus, poly(ethylene), as listed, has
two carbon atoms in the backbone with one such unit per
turn in the repeat - it is designated as a 2*1/1 helix.
Alternatively, poly(ethylene) considered a poly(methylene)
would be designated as a 1*2/1 helix - an entirely
equivalent description of the conformation. Note that n may
differ from the number of chain atoms in the constitutional
base unit. On the one hand, isotactic poly(propene) has two
skeletal atoms in the asymmetric unit and three units per
turn (2*3/1). On the other hand, syndiotactic poly(propene) with the same constitutional base unit as isotactic
poly(propene) has four skeletal atoms in the asymmetric

unit and two units per turn (4 * 2/1). In this case, n signifies
the number of skeletal atoms in the stereobase unit. A fuller
discussion of this helical notation is given in Hughes and
Lauer, J. Chem. Phys., 30, 1165 (1959) and in Nagai and
Kobayashi, J. Chem. Phys., 36, 1268 (1961).
This list of polymers and data is not considered to be
exhaustive. The compiler expands it as new information is
unearthed and he is quite receptive to notification of
omissions and/or corrections and to submission of unpublished data. AU of the data in this table cannot be
considered to have the same validity - the number of
polymers for which detailed, accurate, and reliable crystal
structure analyses have been conducted is still quite limited.
The reader may find it desirable to refer to the original
literature cited so as to gain a fuller appreciation of the
reasons for apparent discrepancies within the tables.
The following abbrevaitions have been used in the tables.
Tri
Mono
Ortho
Tet
Rho
Hex
P
Phex
Triclinic
Monoclinic
Orthorhombic
Tetragonal
Rhombohedral (trigonal)
Hexagonal
Pseudo
Pseudohexagonal
TABLE 1. POLY(OLEFINS) (-HCH-CHR-)

Density (g/cm3)
Unit cell parameters

Polymer
Poly(acetylene)
transI.
(26.04)
II.
c/s-transoid
Cryst
syst.
Phex
Mono
Ortho
Ortho
Ortho
Mono
Port
Ortho
Ortho
Ortho
Ortho
Space
group
D2h-16
C2h-5
C2h-5
Ortho
Mono
D2h-16
Ortho
Ortho
Ortho
Ortho
Ortho
D2h-16
Orhto
D2h-16
D2h-16
4.2
4.26
7.32
7.37
5.62
4.24
7.41
3.99
7.20
7.31
7.26
7.46
7.38
7.330
3.73
4.2
7.33
4.24
4.065
4.92
7.32
4.08
7.29
4.15
4.06
4.24
4.08
4.09
4.090
3.73
2.43
2.46
2.46
2.45
2.592
2.46
2.48
2.51
2.44
2.45
2.47
2.46
2.457
2.457
2.44
7.61
7.74
7.68
7.45
7.62
7.61
7.66
7.62
4.39
4.32
4.46
4.30
4.46
4.39
4.42
4.44
5.12
5.12
Angles
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q) Refs.
Crystal.
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1.16
1.126
1.33
1.178
1.207
1.133
1.153
1.184
1.186
1.189
1.137
1.155
1.166
1.174
1.286
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*1/1
69
982
981
979
980
1213
1228
1229
1281
1282
1283
1323
1324
1369
980
4.47*
4.47
4.38
4.40*
4.38
4.36*
4.384
4.384
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1.158
1.157
1.153
1.227
1.162
1.187
1.165
1.166
2*2/1
2*2/1
2*2/1
2*2/1
2*2/1
2*2/1
2*2/1
2*2/1
945
976
978
1229
1282
1323
1324
1369
4.84
1.180
2*3/1
977
/3 = 91.4
(3 = 91.5
7 = 98
Amorph."
Melting
point
(0C)*
czs-cisoid
Hex
TABLE 1. cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
-, difluorotrans(62.02)
cis-, complex with:
alkali metals
Cs
I.
K
I.
II.
Na
I.
Rb
I.
II.
SbF6
and
Poly(allene)
1.(40.06)
II.
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
Ortho
7.58
4.29
Ortho
8.03
4.47
Tet
9.09
9.09
1230
Tet
Ortho
8.46
5.94
8.46
16.37
1230
1231
Tet
8.5
8.5
1230
Tet
Ortho
8.75
6.16
8.75
16.68
1230
1231
Mono
Hex
8.66
9.8
7.36
9.8
2.4
5.4
8.20
6.37
7.81
5.12
3.88
3.88*
D2h-6
C2-2
or C2h-2
Crystal.
2.48
2.554
2*1/1
1385
4.64
2.473
2*2/1
1385
7 = 101
7 = 96.6
1261
1261
4
2
1.071
1.058
122/536
3.88
C4-2
or D4-3
Poly(allylbenzene), see Poly(propene) 3-phenylPoIy(I-butene)
isotactic
I.
Rho
D3d-6
(56.11)
Hex
Rho
II.
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q) Refs.
III.
-, tetrafluoro(112.03)
Amorph.a
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
Ortho
Mono
Angles
Melting
point
(C)a
Tet
Tet
Tet
Tet
Tet
Tet
S4-1
S4-1
D2d-7
6.88
6.88
17.7
17.3
17.70
17.7
17.3
17.70
15.4
6.50
6.7
6.51
18
18
18
2.042
0.951
0.96
0.950
0.950
0.95
0.95/12
126
0.87
0.868
0.860
0.819
0.886
0.902
0.888
126/12
132/250
133
136/277
139
135/320
15.42
14.89
14.85
14.91
14.5
15.42
14.89
18.85
14.91
14.5
21.05
20.87
20.6
20.76
21.1
44
44
44
44
44
130/380
124/277
126/313
120
122/320
8.96
8.88
8.92
(7.6)
7.56
7.45
7.6
8
8
8
(0.876)
0.897
0.906
106/277
110/984
8
8
22
0.937
0.946
0.964?
45
4
8
16
16
64
16
0.933
0.933
0.890
0.918
0.925
0.948
300/48
306/632
310/90
300/282
13.9/82
6.07/277
7.57
8.0/1285
7.01
6.92/320
138/380
142/984
142/313
4.06/320
6.28/277
6.9/1285
8.16
2*2/1
2*2/1
497
497
2*2/1
497
2*8/1
38
2*3/1
2*3/1
2*3/1
35
45
1284
252
983
391
2*11/3
2*11/3
2*11/3
2*11/3
*40//ll
866
207
350
1284
914
1195
207
876
531
461
0.868
III.
syndiotactic
I.
II.
- , 3-methyl(70.14)
Ortho
Ortho
D2-4
12.49
12.38
12.38
Ortho
Ortho
Mono
D2-5
D2-5
C2-2
16.9
16.81
9.94
6.05
6.06
13.9
7.78
7.73
20.4
20.0
9.55
9.55
19.1
19.25
34.3
19.25
8.54
17.08
17.8
17.20
34.3
17.20
6.84
6.84
6.85
6.85
6.85
6.63
Mono
Mono
Mono
Port
Tet
Mono
C2h-5
C4v-12
7 =116.5
7-116.5
7=116
7=116.5
7 = 116.5
6.49/277 2*4/1
2*4/1
2*4/1
17.3/82
4*2/1
4*2/1
4*5/3
1435
1449
1435
1449
2*4/1
2*4/1
2*4/1
2*4/1
2*4/1
2*4/1
9
549
231
355
431
280
TABLE 1. cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
- , 3-methyl- [1,3-via hydride shift]

(70.14)
- , 4-phenyl(132.21)
Port
CS-2
5.4
10.4
Angles
Crystal.
Amorph.a
7.8
18.0
6.61
6.55
Poly( 1,3-cyclobutylene)
- , 1-cyano(79.10)
Poly (1,2-cycloheptylene-a/f-ethylene)
(124.23)
Poly (1,2-cyclopentylene-afr-ethylene)
(96.17)
Ortho
Ortho
D2h-17
or D2h-14
Poly( 1,3-cyclopentylene-a/Mnethylene)
(82.15)
Ortho
Ortho
Poly(decenamer)
transIll.
Tri
Ci-I
(138.25)
IV.
Mono
C2h-5
PoIy(I-decene)
1.(140.27)
PoIy(I-docosene)
1.(308.59)
II.
III.
Poly(dodecenamer)
transIll.
(166.31)
IV.
10.97
20.02
6.46
10.92
7.73
9.10
9.86
9.86
5.02
5
1.064
0.962
single crystal
II.
a = 130
0.901
0.950
1.703
0.87
206
2*3/1
772
135
4*2/1
324
4*1/1
635
637
4.36
18.8
13.30
847
9.0
74
9*1/1
259
7.83
8.05
9.02
9.00
4
4
1.032
1.006
185
4*2/1
4*2/1
247
412
7.69
13.30
6.21
15.52
4.80
4.80
2
8
1.190
1.101
146
128
4*1/1
4*1/1
267
340
4.40
5.39
12.30
66,104,118
0.985
10*1/1
477
7.42
5.00
12.40
/9 = 94.2
1.001
32.9/562 10*1/1
530
80/562
13.2
6.7
Mono
5.3
108
7.7
0.93
/3 = 94
0.93
Tri
Ci-I
4.40
5.39
14.78
66,104,118
0.986
Mono
C2h-5
7.43
5.00
14.85
/3 = 93.5
1.003
7.40
7.428
7.36
7.418
7.406
7.407
7.84
4.05
4.93
4.934
4.94
4.946
4.939
4.949
5.56
4.85
2*
150
90
91/872
83
75/949
2*4/1
949
2*4/1
2*
949
12*1/1
477
41.2/562 12*1/1
530
45/48
49/872
49/250
2.534
2.532
2.534
2.546
2.547
2.551
120
2.54
34/250
40/537
80/439
84/562
13.2
Tri
Pmono
483
67
1195
3*8/
88
D2h-16
2*3/1
2*3/1
262
264
4.6
370
7.5
D2h-16
158
160/90
159/282
168/187
332
25.3
Ortho
Ortho
Ortho
Ortho
Ortho
Ortho
Ortho
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q)
Refs.
8.76
8.76
PoIy(I-dodecene)
1.(168.32)
Poly(ethylene)
1.(28.05)
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
55
68/319
1.041
- , 4-trimethylsilyl(128.29)
Ortho
Poly(2-butene-fl/f-ethylene)
(84.16)
Mono
C2h-5
Poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene-tf/f-ethylene)
(144.52)
Hex
Melting
point
( 0 C) a
63,71,82
7 = 105
2
2
2
2
2
2
1.008
1.004
1.011
0.997
1.000
0.9961
96
1
0.999
0.991
1.003
1.004
0.966
0.855
0.887
0.811
0.852
2*
137/85
142/315
141/206
145/351
141/286
8.03/85
8.12/262
7.70/86
8.67/700
7.79/156
146/362
7.62/343
8.37/260
141
8.2
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*1/1
150
14
892
15
535
311
1421
138
363
406
939
72
58
TABLE 1. cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
III.
(hi press.)
-, chlorotrifluoro(116.47)
-, ethylsilylisotactic
(86.21)
-, tetrafluoro11.(50.01)
I and IV.
(>20C)
III.
(hi press.)
Cryst
syst.
Pmono
Mono
Tri
Ortho
Tet
Space
group
C2h-3
Hex
Hex
Hex
Hex
Hex
Hex
Phex
Tri
Tri
Mono
C3I-2
7.11
8.09
4.285
8.46
4.26
5.46
4.79
4.820
4.88
4.26
2.534
2.53*
2.54
2.45
8.52
6.34
6.5
6.438
6.385
6.4
6.34
6.5
6.438
6.385
6.4
21.60
21.60
35
35
41.5
42
42.5
43
5.54
4.875
5.59
9.76
5.648
5.61
5.59
5.61
5.66
5.65
5.67
16.8
5.105
16.88
16.88
1.3**
9.50
8.73
8.53
5.05
5.69
5.72
2.62
2.62
2.62
5.59
5.63
5.61
5.59
5.63
5.61
14.34
Hex
Ortho
Ortho
C2-2
Phex
Tri
Hex
Hex
Hex
Hex
Mono
Ortho
Ortho
C2h-3
D2h-16
D2h-16
-, trifluoro(82.02)
Hex
Hex
Hex
Poly(ethylene), complexes with:
-, perhydrotriphenylene
Hex
C6-6
or C6h-2
Crystal.
- 96.5
7 = 107.9
90,110,108
2
2
1
2
4
0.953
0.998
1.002
0.920
1.20
14
14
17
17
17
16
2.222
2.11
2.18
2.217
2.18
2.08/49
2.19/49
2.192
1.925
2.032
Approx.
6.50
5.54
4.882
5.59
5.59
9.649
5.61
9.52
5.61
5.66
5.65
5.67
17.06
16.8
19.50
19.54
Amorph.a
Angles
18
0.981
7 = 119.5 13
90,87,87
4
7' = 119.3 13
/3 = 90
26
7
2
7=119.3
88,90,92
26
13
15
15
2.406
2.744
2.347
2.344
2.344
2.381
2.358
2.302
2.306
Melting
point
(C)a
220/49
210/46
222/341
5.02/88
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q) Refs.
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*4/1
557
253
254
792
946
2*14/1
2*14/1
208
21
777
296
629
205
139
116
2*17/
2*17/1
2*16/1
215
2*3/1
2.0/1195
327/46
2.060
330
330/101
346
332/89
334/1357
4
4
4
2.304
2.742
2.552
2.598
2.50
6.75
1
3
2.013
2.205
222/726
213/985
14.34
4.78
1.071
181
8.22
8.30
8.22
13.81
11.02
11.00
12.38
6.28
2.5
7 = 105.5
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
3.4/1195 1*13/1
1*4/
1*13/6
1*13/
Irreg
1*13/6
1*13/1
2.87/91 1*13/1
4.10/989 1*15/7
4.64
1*15/
1*15/7
1*2/1
1*2/1
1*2/1
489
11
266
209
602
987
1286
1321
11
209
988
1286
66
681
857
986
5.4/726 2*1/1
5.44/985 2*3/1
389
854
1192
4*1/1
1124
-, urea
(at 83 K)
Poly(ethylidene)
(28.05)
992
993
4
0.958
100/617
1*2/1
178
51/439
7*2/1
97
17/250
2*3/1
2*3/1
150
359
52/129
2*3/1
2*3/1
2*19/6
67
685
685
195/619
200/618
Poly(heptenamer)
transI.
(96.17)
PoIy(I-heptene)
1.(98.19)
Ortho
D2h-16
orC2v-9
7.40
-, 5-methyl(112.22)
(S)
Mono
C2-2
18.40
(S), (R)
Tet
S4-1
20.00
PoIy(I-hexadecene)
11.(224.43)
Ortho
7.5
Poly(hexafluoroisobutylene-a/f-vinylidene fluoride)
(228.08)
Ortho
C2v-21
10.64
5.00
17.10
1.010
6.45
10.62
20.00
6.40
6.36
38.76
63.2
18.37
/? = 90
6
76
0.900
0.913
6.6
0.95
68/250
2*4/1
150
7.83
1.980
327
4*2/1
947
TABLE 1. cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
PoIy(I-hexene)
(84.16)
-, 4-methyl(98.19)
-, 5-methyl(98.19)
Poly(isobutene)
(56.11)
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
Mono
Ortho
22.2
11.7
8.89
26.9
13.7
13.7
7 = 94.5
Crystal.
-55/48
2*7/2
2*7/2
150
150
28
28
0.845
0.858
200/9
190/632
2*7/2
2*7/1
67
569
3
6
0.835
0.862
130
110/282
2*3/1
2*3/1
9
685
2*8/5
2*8/3
34
801
139
2*4/1
150
2*
493
8*
639
19.64
19.85
19.64
19.85
14.00
13.50
Hex
Mono
C2-2
10.2
17.62
10.2
10.17
6.50
6.33
Ortho
Ortho
D2-4
D2-4
6.94
6.88
11.96
11.91
18.63
18.60
16
16
0.964
0.978
70.4
6.6
0.96
Hex
4.24
0.915
0.912/53
0.842
cis-
44/66
4.24
Tri
Ci-I
4.34
5.41
9.78
9.78
64,105,119
1.008
Mono
C2h-5
7.43
5.00
9.90
/3 = 95.2
0.999
Mono
C2h-6
4.58
9.50
17.11
(3 = 98
0.993
-5
10.9
67/439
73/284
76
77/562
62/439
20.1/284
38
PoIy(I-octene)
(at 90K)
(112.22)
Poly(pentenamer)
transI.
(68.12)
PoIy(I-pentene)
isotactic
Ia.
(70.13)
Mono
Ortho
5.6
C2v-9
orD2h-16
Mono
Mono
38
7.28
4.97
11.35
21.15
22.4
20.85
11.20
21.2
Ib.
Mono
24.3
19.3
Mono
Port
35.65
19.30
20.2
16.90
19.60
21.20
16.75
11.48
Ha.
lib.
III.
syndiotactic
Port
Ortho
D2-4
7.6
0 = 97
11.90
6.49
6.49
6.49*
6.5
6.50*
6.60
7.13*
7.08
7.08
14.39
/3 = 99.6
/3 = 99.6
7 = 91
S4-1
20.3
20.35
20.3
20.35
8*1/1
25.3
23.8/562 8*1/1
126
476
1377
530
8*2/1
905
1376
2*4/1
1209
21.0
0.93
5
10-38/48
10/872
1.051
23
34/682
12.0/682 5*2/1
147
12
12
24
0.923
0.922
0.907
0.96
130/276
130/380
111/501
6.28/501 2*3/1
2*3/1
2*3/1
2*4/1
2*4/1
355
355
931
408
355
931
152
818
355
2*4/1
2*7/2
355
834
7 = 96
24
0.922
7 = 91
7 = 116
40
16
0.907
0.898
7=115.3
16
28
0.887
0.931
0.85
2*3/1
2*3/1
75/48
78/282
80/9
79/501
42
-, 5-amino-, -, Af,iV-diisobutyl(197.37)
-, -, Af,Af-diisopropyl(169.31)
- , 4,4-dimethyl(98.19)
Tet
Tet
12.0/82
80/6
100/90
0.867
IV.
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q) Refs.
0.726
0.908
Cl-I
(3 = 90
Amorph.a
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
14
28
Tet
Tet
Poly(norbornene), see PoIy(I -vinylene-3-methylene)

Poly (1 -octadecene)
11.(252.49)
Ortho
7.5
III.
Poly(octamethylene)
-, 1-methyl(126.24)
Poly(octenamer)
transIll.
(110.20)
Angles
Melting
point
(C)a
4.00/501
2.94
1452
6.85
112
2*
191
7.32
130
2*
191
231/282
350/90
380/441
2*7/2
2*4/1
431
442
13.8
7.01
28
16
0.803
0.899
TABLE 1. cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
- , 5-hydroxy(86.13)
- , 3-methyl(84.16)
- , 4-methylisotactic
I.
(84.16)
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
III.
quenched
syndiotactic
I.
II.
III.
Angles
Crystal.
C4-6
13.35
13.35
6.80
0.922
Tet
Tet
Tet
Tet
Tet
Tet
Tet
Tet
Tet
S4-1
18.66
18.70
18.53
18.54
18.50
18.60
18.63
18.70
18.66
18.66
18.70
18.53
18.54
18.50
18.60
18.63
18.70
18.66
13.80
13.54
13.76
13.84
13.76
13.85
13.85
13.68
13.65
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
19.16
19.36
19.38
19.46
19.16
19.36
19.38
19.46
16
16
16
16
0.814
0.826
0.828
0.822
0.831
0.817
0.814
0.818
0.823
0.828
0.855
0.846
0.853
0.8408
16.88
22.17
16.88
22.17
18
18
0.808
0.883?
18.03
18.03
48
0.880
S4-1
D2d-7
C4-6
Hex
Hex
Tet
II.
Tet
Tet
Tet
- , 5-trimethylsilyl(142.32)
Poly(propene)
isotactic
I.
(42.08)
Amorph.a
Heat of
fusion
kj/mol a
6.5
II.
III.
IV.
(hi press)
V.
syndiotactic
Melting
point
(C)a
S4-1
7.12
7.05
6.98
7.022
6.5
6.31
6.69
46.91
362/632
273/129
200/441
>0.835
Hex
Rho
Rho
Ortho
Hex
Rho
Ortho
Rho
Tri
Tri
Ortho
Tet
Ortho
Ortho
Ortho
Phex
Ortho
C2h-6
Ci-I
C2h-5
C2h-5
C2h-3
C2h-5
D3-4
C3-2
D2h-24
D2-2
D2-5
D2h-27
C2v-9
6.65
6.66
13.36
6.65
6.63
6.64
6.69
20.96
20.78
11.00
20.73
20.78
20.88
20.98
6.50
6.495
6.502*
6.50
6.504
6.51
6.504
/3 = 99.3
/3 = 99.62
93,81,108
/3-99.7
(3 = 99.5
/3 = 98.7
/3 = 99.5
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
0.938
0.946
0.935
0.947
0.949
0.940
0.931
6.65
20.80
6.50
/3 = 99.33
12
0.945
12.74
19.08
6.38
19.08
22.03
19.08
11.03
11
6.47
6.54
8.54
5.97
12.74
19.08
6.38
11.01
22.03
19.08
19.08
11
10.71
21.40
9.93
5.97
6.35
6.49
6.33
6.490
6.490
(6.49)
6.49
6.5
0.939
0.922
0.939
0.922
0.922
0.922
0.921
0.92
6.50
42.41
6
12
27
3
18
36
27
18
9
6
12
48
14.5
14.50
14.50
5.8
5.60
11.20
7.4
7.40
7.40
8
8
16
0.898
0.930
0.930
0.898
11.17
5.05
5.06
11.8
5.22
7 ; = 99.07
89,100,99
0.85/45
0.854
0.907/112
0.946
0.935
0.88/167
0.947
19.7/82
11.9/370
9.9/1195
5.2/1288
5.5/1331
2*
191
2*4/1
622
2*7/2
2*7/2
2*7/2
2*7/2
Irreg.
2*7/2
2*7/2
2*7/2
2*7/2
125
75
2*4/1
2*4/1
2*4/1
2*4/1
2*
2*3/1
2*3/1?
55
936
894
452
333
67
689
1177
1198
94
8
8
1197
1453
845
1454
990
210
4*12/7
1455
133/71
2*3/1
67
176/10
9.92/82 2*3/1
189/392
7.96/478 2*3/1
186/394
8.8/394 2*3/1
208/676
5.80/676 2*3/1
165/282
10.5/474 2*3/1
178/349
10.0/358 2*3/1
183/380
6.16/182 2*3/1
180/250
7.91/251 2*3/1
220/974
10.9/83 2*3/1
220/975
6.9/1195
186/1003 9.3/1212
147/789
4.22/789 2*3/1
200/975
8.2/1212 2*3/1
170/974
4.0/1404 2*3/1
192/1212
2*3/1
183/1404
2*3/1
2*3/1
2*3/1
3*3/1
2*3/1
2*3/1
cf ref
2*3/1
127
308
170
519
626
131
136
330
991
0.838
6.55
Mono
Mono
Tri
Mono
Mono
Mono
Mono
Mono
Mono
235/48
228/282
238/632
250/94
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q)
Refs.
0.858/393
161/415
138/545
0.858
160/1459
1.88/545 4*2/1
2.1/1195 4*2/1
8.3/1458 4*2/1
8.0/1459
4*1/1
4*/l
4*
166
485
196
308
308
1456
1457
1642
308
592
1408
943
169
430
1330
409
306
1430
845
TABLE 1. cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
(hi press.)
IV.
(252.48)
-, 3-cyclohexyl1.(124.23)
II.
-, 3-cyclopentyl(110.20)
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
Tri
Cl-I
5.72
7.64
11.60
Tet
C4-5
or S4-2
21.06
21.06
Rho
C4-3
or C3i-2
19.12
Tet
C4-5
or S4-2
Tet
- , hexafluoro(150.02)
-, 3-phenyl- [allylbenzene]
(118.18)
-, 3-silyl(72.18)
-, trimethylsilyl(114.26)
Poly(propene-alt-ethylene)
syndiotactic
(70.14)
Mono
Poly (1 -tetradecene)
11.(196.38)
Ortho
II.
Tet
Poly(vinylcyclopentane)
1.(96.17)
Tet
II.
Tet
III.
Tet
Poly(vinylcyclopropane)
I. (68.12)
Rho
Crystal.
73,89,112
0.942
20.09
40
0.926
19.12
6.33
0.926
20.34
20.34
47.49
96
0.894
20.30
20.30
47.40
96
0.899
Amorph."
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q) Refs.
12*1/1
1460
2*10/3
431
2*3/1
431
2*24/7
431
2*24/7
625
160
2*4/1
268
6.40
230/90
208/187
185/282
2*3/1
67
6.45
128/71
2*3/1
67
6.50
360/71
2*3/1
67
11.62
9.00
7.5
56.0
6.6
9.6
8.57
9.46
9.25
11.20
5.81
5.0
5.04
34.12
34.12
C4h-6
23.4
C4h-6
230/90
215/282
214/328
210/328
225/90
7 = 67.03
55
8
0.94
4
4
1.93
1.758
6.6
64
23.4
6.5
21.99
21.76
21.99
21.76
C4-5
or S4-2
20.48
C4h-6
C4-5
or S4-2
D4h-1
or D4h-7
C3-2
or C3-3
II.
Tet
S4-2
PoIy(I-vinylene-3-cyclopentylene) [norbornene]
trans(94.16)
Mono
CWMono
a
Angles
11.19
Poly(tetrafluoroethylene-aZf-ethylene)
(128.07)
Mono
Ortho
Poly(vinylcyclobutane)
(82.15)
Tet
Poly(vinylcycloheptane)
(124.23)
Tet
1.(110.20)
Tet
Tet
Melting
point
(0C)"
2*4/1
150
267
4*1/1
4*1/1
722
1287
1321
1.14
228/437
2*4/1
431
16
0.927
>300/437
2*4/1
431
6.43
6.50
16
16
0.942
0.951
305/90
300/282
372/441
383/328
2*4/1
2*4/1
431
67
20.48
44.58
96
0.940
2*24/7
431
20.14
20.14
6.50
16
0.969
2*4/7
431
20.14
20.14
19.5
48
0.969
2*12/3
431
37.3
37.3
19.8
0.927
2*10/3
431
13.6
13.6
6.5
6.48
0.981
2*3/1
175
526
15.21
15.21
20.85
40
0.938
2*10/3
526
5.13
4.64
4.78
4.22
11.8
11.56
9.84
2
2
1.150
1.749
5*2/
5*2/1
5*2/1
620
1451
1451
7 = 96
57/250
57/872
1450
1.684
270/441
292/328
230
202
7 = 73.5
7 = 68.1
The numbers after the solidus (/) are reference citations.

The unit cell parameter assignment has been changed from that published so as to make c the fiber axis.
TABLE 2. POLY(VINYLS) AND POLY(VINYLIDENES) (-HCH-CHR- and -HCH-RCR-)

Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
Poly(acrylamide)
- , WV-dibutyl(183.30)
Hex
Space
group
-, N-isopropyl(113.16)
Poly(acrylic acid)
-, allyl ester
(112.13)
-, biphenyloxyhexamethylene ester
(324.42)
Phex
-, sec-butyl ester
(128.17)
Ortho
-, tert-butyl ester
(128.17)
Ortho
-, p-carboxyphenyl ester
(192.17)
Mono
-, isobutyl ester
(128.17)
Ortho
-, isopropyl ester
isotactic
(114.14)
26.3
26.3
6.3
Angles
12
Crystal.
Amorph.a
Melting
point
(C)a
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
0.97
(1.06)
1.118
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q) Refs.
2*3/1
1.070
6.5
93
200
2*
102
90
2*3/1
278
2*3/1
1122
23.5
23.5
6.48
1.043
17.92
10.34
6.49
1.062
130
2*3/1
401
17.92
10.50
6.45
6.48
1.047
193/16
200
2*3/1
2*3/1
67
401
21.50
7.42
6.68fc
1.445
2*
865
17.92
17.92
6.42
12
1.239
81
2*3/1
401
6.5
6.32
162/120
162
178/541
2*3/1
1.08
67
149
5.18
1.18
115
4*1/1
113
4.86/775.23/77 4*1/1
4*1/1
4*1/1
4*1/1
4*1/1
4*1/1
4*1/1
4*1/1
76
486
575
133
162
210
322
1001
1332
1631
804
1631
/3=124
5.9/541
syndiotactic
Poly(acrylonitrile)
syndiotactic
(53.06)
II?
Hex
Ortho
Ortho
Ortho
Ortho
Ortho
Phex
Ortho
Ortho
C2v-16
C2v-9
Ortho
5.99
21.18
10.6
10.20
18.1
10.55
6.1
21.0
10.7
9.03
21.48
21.18
5.99
11.60
11.6
6.10
6.12
5.80
6.11
11.9
12.1
5.24
11.55
11.71
4.74
11.4
15.08
(5.1)
5.04
5.10
5.00
5.08
(5.1)
5.04
(5.1)
317/77
341/499
16
8
4
8
4
2
16
8
1.125
1.137
1.111
1.273
1.134
1.07
1.119
1.07
7.096
24
1.201
2*4/
4.74
11.4
2.55
8.2
1
16
1.538
1.32
2*1/1
2*4/1
133
1461
15.08
8.54
16
1.151
2*4/1
347
5.02/871 2*5/2
2*5/1
vi ref
* 10/1
* 10/1
4*5/2
30
520
868
1002
1462
30
*9/l
*30/4
1397
1005
4*37/4
1004
7=120
isotactic
Tet
(gel)
Tet
Poly(isopropenylmethyl ketone)
(84.12)
Tet
240
240/255
200/379
-, methyl ester
isotactic
(100.12)
Port
Ortho
Ortho
Tri
Ortho
syndiotactic
it-st stereocomplex (1:2)
Mono
-, - , chloroacetone complex
syndiotactic
Mono
D2h-24
21.08
21.08
20.98
20.57
41.96
21.5
43.5
12.17
12.17
12.06
12.49
24.34
16.5
43.5
10.55
10.50
10.40
10.56
10.50
93,88,91
18.4
73.6
7=112
35.4
7=107
20
20
20
20
80
1.228
1.234
1.264
1.228
1.240
1.22/31
160/31
220/855
1.19/31
200/31
260/1006
TABLE 2. cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
-, octadecyl ester
syndiotactic
(338.58)
Hex
Poly(methacrylontirile)
1.(67.09)
Phex
II.
Mono
Poly(thiolacrylic acid)
-, sec-b\xty\ ester
(144.23)
Rho
-, isobutyl ester
(144.23)
Mono
-, isopropyl ester
(130.20)
Rho
-, propyl ester
(130.20)
Mono
Poly(vinyl acetate)
-, trifluoro(140.06)
Ortho
Poly(vinyl alcohol)
(44.05)
Mono
Mono
Mono
quenched
single crystal
12 complex
Poly(vinyl bromide)
(106.95)
(62.50)
single crystal
Poly(vinyl fluoride)
(46.04)
Poly(vinyl formate)
isotactic
(72.06)
4.73
4.73
9.03
7.87
13.5
9.03
8.97
7.71
Angles
30.2
6.87
6.87
7.62
(3 = 91.1
Crystal.
0.961
36
4
4
8
0.918
0.918
1.134
250/436
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q) Refs.
500
2*
2*4/1
427
729
427
6.35
2*3/1
401
Cs-2
6.42
2*
401
C3-2
6.42
2*
401
Cs-2
6.4
2*3/1
401
2*
638
9.54
12.44
4.8
1.633
1.350
1.34/410
1.350
1.345
1.352
1.343
1.490
1.133
7.81
7.81
7.805
5.51
5.43
5.485
2.52*
7-91.7
7 = 91.5
2.533* 7 - 92.2
2
2
2
Mono
Mono
Ortho
Hex
Mono
C2h-2
7.81
7.84
7.42
5.45
7.87
5.50
5.52
5.25
5.45
5.53
2.52* 7 = 92
2.52* 7 = 93
2.52*
2.51
2.525* 7 = 93.3
2
2
2
1
2
Ortho
D2h-ll
11.0
5.6
5.1
2.26
Ortho
Ortho
Ortho
Mono
Ortho
D2h-ll
D2h-ll
10.6
10.40
10.11
10.65
10.24
5.4
5.30
5.27
5.20
5.24
5.1
5.10
5.12
5.15*
5.08
4
4
4
4
4
1.42
1.477
1.522
1.456
1.523
4.93
4.95
4.938
2.53
2.52
2.518
1
2
1
1.436
1.430
1.4377
18
1.502
Rho
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
C3-2
C2h-2
Hex
Ortho
Mono
Amorph.a
Melting
point
(C)a
C2v-20
D2h-ll
C2v-14
C3v-6D3d-6
4.93
8.57
4.938
15.9
15.9
7 = 90
y = 120
6.55
175/821
1.291/1
1.27/410
1.26/53
1.269
232/310
243/480
265/323
228/433
267/450
6.87/433 2*1/1
6.99/480 2*1/1
7.1/1195 2*1/1
117
1.41/413
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*1/1
29
316
132
184
261
1441
261
151
1424
4*1/1
772
273/372
310/423
212/143
11/372
4.9/835
2.8/145
3.3/423
4*1/1
4*1/1
4*1/1
4*1/1
4*1/1
7
235
64
140
718
200/79
230/434
7.54/79
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*1/1
62
236
1463
2*3/1
232
4*1/1
232
syndiotactic
5.0
Poly(vinylidene bromide)
(185.85)
Mono
(96.94)
Mono
Mono
Mono
Mono
C2h-2
C2-2
25.88
13.87
4.77*
7=109.8
16
3.065
6.71
13.69
22.54
6.73
12.51
6.296
12.53
12.54
4.68*
4.67*
4.68*
4.68*
7=123
7=124.8
7 = 95.8
7=123.6
4
4
16
4
1.954
1.948
1.958
1.957
33
1.66/43
200/721
190/46
195
4*1/1
4*1/1
5.68
2*2/1
1.7754
a (II)
Mono
(64.04)
Ortho
Mono
Ortho
Mono
Mono
C2v-4
C2-2
C2v-9
C2h-5
C2-2,l
5.02
4.96
17.72
9.66
4.96
9.64
25.4
9.64
11.68
4.96
9.64
5.02
4.62
4.62
4.57*
4.64
4.62
4.64*
/3=107
7 = 92.7
/3 = 90
7 = 91.1
10
4
16
4
4
4
1.888
1.925
1.801
1.913
1.925
1.895
1.68/776
1.67/770
185/434
170/995
220/443
171/373
178
178/726
6.7/823
6.2/886 4*1/1
5.96/726 4*1/1
2*2/1
4*1/1
4*1/1
915
32
33
245
231
462
171
994
417
418
604
168
TABLE 2. cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
P(I)
Y (HI)
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
Port
Ortho
C2-2
Ortho
Ortho
Ortho
Ortho
Mono
Mono
Ortho
Mono
C2v-14
C2v-14
C2v-14
8(IV)
(polar alpha)
Ortho
Poly(vinylmethyl ketone)
(70.09)
Tet
Tet
Cs-4
C2-3
C2v-16
C2v-9
S4-1
5.02
9.60
9.80
8.45
8.58
8.47
8.60
4.96
8.66
4.97
4.96
4.96
4.96
9.63
5.00
5.05
4.88
4.91
4.90
4.97
9.58
4.93
9.66
9.67
9.64
9.64
4.62
4.655
14.52
14.56
14.52
14.56
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q) Refs.
Crystal.
4
4
4
2
2
2
2
8
2
8
8
1.904
1.904
188/846
213/1464
2*2/1
2.022
1.972
2.002
1.936
1.942
1.945
1.930
1.930
212/443
191
207/942
2*1/1
2*1/1
2*1/1
218/846
197
184/995
231/1464
4.62
1.925
8*1/1
2*1/1
8*1/1
8*1/1
4*1/1
4*1/1
563
597
750
417
604
418
597
996
604
997
998
999
1000
14.40
14.10
28
28
1.073
1.090
2*7/2
2*7/2
164
379
/3 = 92.9
/3 = 91
/3 = 93
Amorph.*
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
2.55
2.56
2.56
2.57
9.23
2.58
9.18
9.20
Angles
Melting
point
(C)a
170
a
The numbers after the solidus (/) are reference citations.
* The unit cell parameter assignment has been changed from that published so as to make c the fiber axis.
TABLE 3.
POLY(AROMATICS) AND POLY(IMIDES)

Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
Poly(4,4 '-benzobisthiazole-diphenylene pyromellitimide)

(556.57)
Ortho
D2-3
5.70
8.11
Poly(2,6-benzothiazole)
(133.17)
Port
6.044
3.417
Poly(2,5(6)-benzoxazole)
(117.11)
Port
6.061
3.384
Poly(4,4 '-biphenylene 3,3' ,4,4 '-biphenylenetetracarboximide)
(442.43)
- , 2,2'-bis(trifluoromethyl)(578.43)
Mono
15.40
9.90
Mono
15.40
9.918
-, 2,2'-dimethyl(470.48)
Tri
20.49
15.30
- , 3,3'-dimethyl(470.48)
Ortho
16.7
13.0
Poly(4,4 '-biphenylene 4,4 '-carbonyl(3,3 ;-dicarboxy)-dibenzamide)
(506.47)
Poly(4,4 '-biphenylene 3,3 ',4,4'-carbonyldiphenylenetetracarboximide)
(470.44)
Poly(4,4'-biphenylenedioxy-3,3 '-biphenylene pyromellitimide)
(550.53)
Ortho
7.89
6.29
Ortho
7.85
6.37
Poly[2,2 '-(4,4 '-biphenylene) 6,6 '-diquinoline]
-, di-/?-phenyl(558.63)
Ortho
16.2
5.31
Poly(4,4'-biphenylene 4,4'-oxy(3,3 '-dicarboxy)-dibenzamide)
(494.46)
Poly(4,4 '-biphenylene 3,3 ',4,4 '-oxydiphenylenetetracarboximide)
(458.43)
Poly(4,4 '-biphenylene 1,4-pyromellitamide)
(402.36)
Poly(4,4 '-biphenylene pyromellitimide)
(366.33)
8.58
5.48
Ortho
D2h-9
8.57
5.51
Angles
Amorph.a
Melting
point
(0C)a
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q) Refs.
Crystal.
24.8
1.612
22*1/1
1433
12.19
1.756
5*2/1
1235
11.58
1.638
5*2/1
1235
1.480
20.25
20.21
7 = 56
7 = 56.2
4
4
1.501
1.4977
40.0
62,52,80
16
1.443
1.404
1335
18*1/1
18*1/1
1494
1495
18*2/1
1584
18*1/1
1289
21.2
21*1/1
1178
21.6
19*1/1
1178
23*1/1
34*1/1
1475
1498
20*1/1
1500
21*1/1
1178
19*1/1
1178
16*1/1
1178
15*1/1
15*1/1
908
928
1476
20.5
25.11
25.31
2
2
1.467
1.444
21.4
1.008
1.341
388
21.0
21.3
900/1018
16.1
16.6
16.6
16.78
2
2
1.559
1.535
827/1018
TABLE 3. cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
Poly(2,2 '-bithiophene)
-, 3,3'didecyl(444.78)
Ortho
17.6
4.5
-, 3,3'-dihexyl(332.56)
Ortho
11.8
4.5
-, 3,3'-dioctyl(388.67)
Mono
C2h-4
14.6
4.42
Ortho
14.5
4.5
Ortho
14.6
4.42
Poly(4,4 '-carbonyldiphenylene pyromellitimide)
(394.34)
Ortho
7.9
6.65
Poly(decamethylene 3,3 ',4,4'-oxydiphenylenetetracarboximide)
(446.50)
Poly(decamethylene pyromellitimide)
(354.40)
Mono
19.8
4.61
Amorph.a
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q) Refs.
Crystal.
15.6
1.20
6*2/1
1485
15.6*
1.33
6*2/1
1485
2
2
2
1.36
1.27
1.27
6*2/1
6*2/1
6*2/1
1484
1485
1486
1.520
16*2/1
908
1013
21*1/1
896
14.73
15.6*
15.70
Angles
Melting
point
(C)a
/3 = 90
31.0fe
32.8
23.5
19.2
7 = 96
1.350
318
323/1267
17*1/1
1395
19.1
90,111,100
1.409
308
20*1/1
1015
18.9
7=108.4
1
18.96
Mono
18.95
4.54
21.5
7=101.3
4
21.43
Y
22.05
5
20.95
Poly(3,4 '-ethylenedioxydiethylenedioxydiphenylene 3,3 ',4,4 '-oxydiphenylenetetracarboximide)
(606.59)
Poly(3,4'-ethylenedioxydiphenylene 3,3 ',4,4'-oxydiphenylenetetracarboximide)
(518.48)
Poly(2,7-fluorenylene 1,4-pyromellitamide)
(414.37)
15.9
Poly(2,7-fluoenylene pyromellitimide)
(378.34)
16.3
Poly(hexamethylene 3,3 ',4,4'-oxydiphenylenetetracarboximide)
(390.40)
19.5
Tri
8.34
9.18
19.6
90,134,117
2
Poly(hexamethylene pyromellitimide)
(298.30)
24.88
Poly[4,4 '-(isophthaloyldiamino)-diphenylene 3,3 ',4,4 '-oxydiphenylenetetracarboximide]
(620.58)
Ortho
9.84
4.95
28.5
2
Poly [4,4' -(isophthaloyldiamino)-diphenylene /7-phenyleneditrimellitatediimide]
(768.69)
Ortho
6.03
7.58
73.6
4
Poly[4,4 '-(isophthaloyldiamino)-diphenylene pyromellitimide]
(528.48)
24.2
1.289
19*1/1
1395
1371
1015
1371
1371
1371
Poly(dodecamethylene
(432.52)
Poly(dodecamethylene
a
(382.46)
P
1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboximide)
Tri
6.23
pyromellitimide)
Mono
5.58
4.68
4.89
1.401
(1.462)
297
305/1267
19*1/1
268
88.0
1493
340
72.5
1493
238
15*1/1
1178
14*1/1
1178
17*1/1
896
1015
430
1.485
320
1.518
1395
26*1/1
1190
33*2/1
1191
22*1/1
1191
1335
34*1/1
1498
16*2/1
908
1013
1014
1.382
Poly[isophthaloy 1-4,4 '-diphenylenedioxy-4,4 '-diphenylene 3,3 ',4,4'-carbonyldiphenylenetetracarboximide]
(786.75)
Ortho
8.07
6.135 37.50
2
1.07
Poly(4,4 '-methylenediphenylene pyromellitimide)
(380.36)
29.1
Ortho
8.20
6.55
32.4
4
1.452
14.1
Poly(methylene-/?-phenylene)
(90.12)
Ortho
8.16
6.32
9.90
4
1.172
- , oc-methyl(104.15)
Ortho
10.42
Poly (methy lene-3,5 -toluene)
- , 2,6-diamino(134.18)
Ortho
12.82
Poly(2,6-naphthalene 2,4-cyclobutylenedicarboxylic acid)
- , bis(2,4-dichlorophenyl) ester
(558.24)
Tri
Ci-I
6.00
350
170
142/744
5*2/1
745
219/1007
5*2/1
848
5.97
9.62
1.156
13.83
9.69
1.037
4*2/1
1351
8.93
13.48
1.396
9*1/1
950
70,94,101
TABLE 3. cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
be
Angles
Poly(4,4 '-neopentylenedioxydiphenylene 3,3 ',4,4 '-carbonyldiphenylenetetracarboximide)

(572.57)
Mono
9.60
5.82
24.6
7 = 81.1
Poly(nonamethylene 3,3 ',4,4'-oxydiphenylenetetracarboximide)
(432.48)
21.3
Poly(nonamethylene pyromellitimide)
(340.38)
32.0
Poly(octamethylene 3,3 ',4,4 '-oxydiphenylenetetracarboximide)
(418.45)
Tri
8.37
4.95
Tri
8.37
4.95
Poly(octamethylene pyromellitimide)
(326.35)
Mono
20.8
4.76
Crystal.
1.400
Amorph."
Melting
point
(C)a
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q) Refs.
24*1/1
1499
20*1/1
1015
303
>350
1395
1267
19*1/1
21.5
21.5
90,38,104
90,38,104
1
1
1.372
1.396
16.9
7 = 95.5
1.301
Poly(3,4'-oxydiethylenedioxdiphenylene 3,3 ',4,4'-oxydiphenylenetetracarboximide)

(562.34)
Poly(3,4 '-oxydiphenylene 3,3',4,4'-biphenylenetetracarboximide)
(458.43)
Mono
14.8
8.20
20.6
7 = 56
Poly [4,4 '"-((4 ',4 "-oxydiphenylene)-dioxy)-diphenylene /?-phenyleneditrimellitatediimide]
(806.74)
5.68
8.09
78.6
Poly[4,4 '"-((4 ',4 "-oxydiphenylene)-dioxy)-diphenylene pyromellitimide]
(566.53)
8.44
5.66
53.4
53.4
Poly(4,4 '-oxydiphenylene 3,3 ',4,4'-oxydiphenylenetetracarboximide)
(474.43)
Mono
5.17
10.85
38.2
7=103.7
Poly[4,4'-oxydiphenylene 3,3 '-(/?-phenylene)-ditrimellitatediamide]
(658.58)
26.3
Poly(4,4 '-oxydiphenylene p-phenyleneditrimellitatediimide)
A. (622.54)
Mono
5.56
7.94
58.0
7 = 86
5.56
7.94
59.0
/3 = 86
28.7
1.30
202
19*1/1
896
1015
362
383/1267
15*1/1
1395
304
80.2
1493
1.469
18*1/1
1289
1.484
37*2/1
963
1.475
547/1018
26*2/1
963
908
1.514
427/1018
20*2/1
684
26*2/1
1178
27*2/1
27*2/1
658
963
1178
1335
963
4
4
1.619
1.591
1.410
1.366
B.
Poly (4,4' -oxydiphenylene 1,4-pyromellitamide)
(418.36)
13.12
7.84
57.0
27*2/1
15.2
17*1/1
1178
1335
15*2/1
15*2/1
1477
1478
16*2/1
16*2/1
642
684
877
1477
1478
1178
1477
1.410
Poly(3,4 '-oxydiphenylene pyromellitimide)
(382.33)
Ortho
Ortho
D2-9
Poly(4,4 '-oxydiphenylene pyromellitimide)
1.(382.33)
Ortho
Ortho
Ortho
C2-2
Ortho
Mono
C2-2
II.
Poly(m-phenylene)
(76.10)
Poly(/7-phenylene)
(76.10)
- , complex with:
K
(l/2K/unit)
SbCl5
(l/2Sb/unit)
SbF5
(l/3Sb/unit)
Ortho
8.48
5.75
5.62
8.48
33.65
33.2
4
4
1.583
1.569
6.35
6.31
4.66
8.36
6.45
4.05
3.97
5.96
5.63
4.01
2
2
2
4
2
1.514
1.58
1.411
1.633
1.507
5.93
4.70
32.6
32
32.9*
33.03
32.58
15.9
33.00
1.380
7 = 100
7 = 90
597/1018
16*2/1
16*2/1
16*2/1
790/964
Ortho
Ortho
Mono
Ortho
Ortho
pgg
7.81
7.80
8.06
7.82
7.79
Ortho
D2h-9
6.04
5.53
5.56
5.55
5.60
5.51
4.20
4.20
4.30
4.20
(4.20)
/3=100
2
2
2
2
2
1.393
1.388
1.334
1.374
1.402
6.90/964 3*
<550/735 15.0/964 4*1/1

1400/964
4*1/1
4*1/1
4*1/1
4*1/1
4*2/1
475
1290
1334
1448
1466
508
15.6
4.35
4*1/1
1231
Ortho
15.6
6.2
4.2
4*1/1
1393
Hex
12.0
12.0
4.2
4*1/1
1393
TABLE 3. cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
Angles
Crystal.
Amorph.a
Poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) [PBO]

(234.21)
Mono
5.64
3.58
12.07
7=100.4
1
1.622
Mono
11.20
3.540 12.050 7=101.3
2
1.660
Mono
Cs-2
11.20
3.54
12.05
7=101.3
2
1.660
Port
11.8
3.54
12.1
2
1.55
- , complex with poly (phosphoric acid)
I.
Mono
12.6
11.6
12.2
7 = 98
II.
Mono
7.0
5.8
12.0
7 = 99
Poly(p-phenylene benzobisthiazole) [PBT]
(266.34)
Mono
5.83
3.54
12.35
7 = 96
1
1.745
Mono
11.96
3.555 12.35
7=100.9
2
1.716
Mono
11.79
3.539 12.514 7 = 94.0
2
1.698
- , complex with poly (phosphoric acid)
Ortho
15.9
20.6
36.9
Mono
8.15
24.49
37.2
7 = 94.5
2.15
Poly(p-phenylenecyclobutylene)
- , 2,4-dipyridyl(284.36)
Ortho
D2h-15
19.16
10.69
7.45
4
1.238
Ortho
D2h-15
18.9
10.5
7.53
4
1.26
Poly(p-phenylene 2,4-cyclobutylenedicarboxylic acid)
- , diethyl ester
(274.32)
Mono
C2h-5
8.62
9.98
8.16* /9=102
2
1.327
- , dimethyl ester
(246.26)
Tri
Ci-I
6.04
7.42
7.82*
101,106,72
1
1.284
-, diphenyl ester
(370.40)
Mono
C2h-5
7.50
17.3
7.50* (3 = 102
2
1.292
-, dipropyl ester
-, - , 2,4-dicyano(352.39)
Mono
C2h-2
6.19
20.1
7.58
/9 = 96
2
1.248
Poly [4,4 '"-((4 ',4 "-(p-phenylenedioxy)-diphenylene)-dioxy)-diphenylene p-phenyleneditrimellitatediimide]
(898.84)
5.66
8.14
43.5
2
1.489
Poly[4,4 '"-((4',4"-(p-phenylenedioxy)-diphenylene)-dioxy)-diphenylene pyromellitimide]
(658.62)
8.44
5.66
31.3
2
1.463
31.3
Poly[4,4'-(/?-phenylenedioxy)-diphenylene 4,4'-oxy(3,3 '-dicarboxy)-dibenzamide]
(602.56)
24.6
Poly[4,4'-(>-phenylenedioxy)-diphenylene 3,3 ',4,4 '-oxydiphenylenetetracarboximide]
(566.52)
Tri
10.52
9.45
26.1
90,95,98
4
1.472
26.0
Melting
point
(C)fl
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q) Refs.
11*1/1
11*1/1
11*1/1
11*1/1
1492
1492
11*1/1
11*1/1
11*1/1
1016
1017
1488
250
11*3/1
1316
1491
340
7*1/1
7*1/1
202
723
347/723
7*1/1
893
415/723
7*1/1
893
420/723
7*1/1
893
335/723
7*1/1
893
42*1/1
963
31*1/1
963
908
27*1/1
1178
25*1/1
684
1178
1335
32*1/1
658
21*1/1
1178
22*1/1
1178
1.341
Poly[4,4/-(p-phenylenedioxy)-diphenylenep-phenyleneditrimellitatediimide]
(714.64)
Ortho
5.64
8.05
34.5
Poly [4,4 '-(m-phenylenedioxy)-diphenylene 1,4-pyromellitamide]
(510.46)
19.8
Poly [4,4 '-(p-phenylenedioxy)-diphenylene 1,4-pyromellitamide]
(510.46)
19.6
Poly [4,4'-(m-phenylenedioxy)-diphenylene pyromellitimide]
(474.43)
8.76
5.47
43.4
43.4
21.7
Poly [4,4 '-(p-phenylenedioxy)-diphenylene pyromellitimide]
(474.43)
Mono
5.64
8.30
21.8
Ortho
8.23
5.58
22.09
21.0
Poly(/?-phenylene-1,3,4-oxadizaole)
a
Ortho
D2-4
12.35
6.55
14.0
(144.13)
Poly[p-phenylene 4,4'-oxy(3,3 /-dicarboxy)-dibenzamide]
(418.36)
16.6
Poly(p-phenylene 3,3', 4,4'-oxydiphenylenetetracarboximide)
(382.33)
16.9
Poly(p-phenylene 1,4-pyromellitamide)
(326.26)
12.2
/3 = 98.7
1.515
1263
1488
1489
1490
1.515
20*2/1
963
908
1178
2
2
1.562
1.553
21*1/1
21*1/1
684
1477
1178
1.69
7*2/1
1496
17*1/1
1178
15*1/1
1178
12*1/1
1178
TABLE 3. cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
Poly(ra-phenylene pyromellitimide)
(290.23)
Ortho
Poly(p-phenylene pyromellitimide)
(290.23)
Angles
Crystal.
21.5
1.618
10*2/1
1013
8.58
5.48
12.3
12.3
1.667
11*1/1
908
928
7.90
8.1
6.05
6.1
6.58
6.6
2
2
1.286
1.24
6*1/1
6*1/1
1236
1465
10.10
9.40
10.80
10.45
10.32
6.60
6.60
6.70
6.60
6.60
6.58
6.58
6.6
6.58
6.58
2
2
2
2
2
6*1/1
6*1/1
6*1/1
6*1/1
6*1/1
1399
1399
1465
1399
1399
D2h-15
C2v-5
10.8
18.36
18.36
18.40
18.4
10.88
10.88
10.89
7.4
7.52
7.52
73.45
4
4
4
4
1.28
1.257
1.257
1.265
7*2/1
7*2/1
7*2/1
7*2/1
558
564
950
1238
D3d-6
D3d-6
D3d-6
22.08
21.9
22.08
22.08
21.9
22.08
18
18
18
1.113
1.127
1.118
240/10
9.00/89 2*3/1
250/90
8.37/174 2*3/1
242/1415 8.5/1415 2*3/1
4*6/1
4*6/1
6
128
1388
139
411
1008
1009
8.6/1407 4*1/1
4*1/1
4*1/1
4*1/1
4*1/1
4*1/1
4*2/1
4*2/1
1418
1388
1470
1291
1370
1418
1401
1419
4*2/1
4*2/1
4*2/1
4*2/1
4*2/1
1370
1419
1436
1474
1473
gel
Ortho
P
y
- , complex with:
CH 2 Cl 2
C7H8
I2
- , p-tert-butyl- , - , isotactic
(160.26)
- , 0-fluoro- , - , isotactic
(122.14)
- , p-fluoro- , - , isotactic
(122.14)
- , a-methyl- , - , isotactic
(118.18)
- , - , (p-methyl- , - , - , isotactic
(132.21)
Mono
Hex
Hex
C2h-5
D3h-4
21.0
16.4
19.84
26.26
26.3
12.90
26.26
26.3
Ortho
D2h-16
Ortho
D2h-10
21.4
17.1
Mono
Mono
Mono
C2h-5
C2h-5
C2h-5
17.48
17.58
17.29
13.27
13.26
12.85
a = 123
a =123
6.626
6.65
6.594
8.81
28.82
30.6
30.6
5.06
5.045
5.1
5.06
5.08
5.06
7.5
7.7
7.5
7.7
7.71
7.71
7.79
321
343/723
1.041.065/17
1.024
1.052
235/282
10/1121
48
7 - 95
8
18
18
1.072
1.033
1.02
266/1372
269/1407
270
286/1417
7 = 122
7 =121.2
7 = 120.3
1.077
16
1.01
8
8
8
1.114
1.100
2.054
0.950
Rho
C3v-6
22.15
22.15
6.63
18
1.296
Port
D2-4
17.6
12.1
8.30
8.25
0.924
Rho
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q) Refs.
7.18
1.114
syndiotactic
a
Amorph.a
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
7.72
Poly(p-phenylenevinylene)
(102.14)
Mono
- , complex with:
AsF5
Ortho
CIO4
Ortho
FeCl3
Ortho
H 2 SO 4
Ortho
SbF5
Ortho
Poly (2,5 -pyrazinecyclobutylene)
- , 2,4-diphenyl(284.36)
Ortho
Ortho
Ortho
Ortho
Poly(styrene)
isotactic
(104.15)
Rho
Rho
Rho
Melting
point
(C)a
300
308/1372
198
270/75
2*3/1
123
265/75
2*4/1
2*4/1
67
791
2*3/1
357
6.6
224/888
10.0/888
TABLE 3. cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
- , m-methyl- , -, isotactic
(118.18)
Tet
-, o-methyl- , - , isotactic
(118.18)
- , - , /7-fluoro- , - , - , isotactic
(136.17)
-, p-methyl-, -, isotactic
(118.18)
- , - , syndiotactic
I.
Angles
S4-1
19.81
19.81
44
Tet
C4-5
orS4-2
19.9
19.9
21.74
57.1
78.9
57.0
Tet
C4v-12
19.01
19.01
8.10
16
Crystal.
Amorph."
1.012
1.073
12.9
1.04/67
~7.8
Heat of
fusion
kj/mol*
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q) Refs.
215
215/74
2*11/3
2*29/8
2*40/
11
80
163
431
103
360/74
2*4/1
125
360/75
2*4/1
67
205/1402
2*
1.005
8.05
II.
~7.8
III.
Ortho
D2h-16
13.36
23.21
5.12
IV.
~5.1
(mesomorphic)
V.
~5.1
-, trimethylsilyl-, - , isotactic
(176.34)
60.4
Poly[4,4 '-(terephthaloyldiamino)-diphenylene pyromellitimide]
(528.48)
Mono
C2h-5
8.64
5.18
25.38
Poly [4,4' -(terephthaloy ldiamino)-dipheny lene p-pheny leneditrimellitatediimide]
(768.69)
37.63
Poly(p-terphenylene pyromellitimide)
(442.43)
20.9
8.58
5.48
20.9
Poly(2,2 ':5 ',2 "-terthiophene)
- , 3,3"-dioctyl(470.79)
Ortho
14.7
4.33
23.55
Poly (4,4' -thiodiphenylene p-pheny leneditrimellitatediimide)
(638.61)
Ortho
6.61
8.02
53.6
Poly(4,4 '-thiodiphenylene pyromellitimide)
(398.39)
29.4
Ortho
8.57
6.37
61.5
Poly(2,5-thiophene)
(82.12)
Ortho
7.80
5.55
8.03
Mono
7.83
5.55
8.20
7.79
5.53
7.7
Ortho
7.80
5.55
8.03
-, 3-decyla
Mono
22.32
16.76
7.77
(222.39)
(at 12O0C)
Mono
22.08
16.72
7.76
p
Mono
C2-2
22.36
17.40
7.77
Ortho
23.9
3.8
15.6
Mono
51.9
7.74
7.8*
(at 173K)
Mono
C2-2
22.54
17.17
7.749
(at 12O0C)
Mono
21.54
17.17
7.750
-, 3-dodecyl1.(250.44)
Ortho
25.83
7.75
7.77
Ortho
51.9
7.74
8.0
Ortho
21.71
3.97
7.8
II.
Mono
19.8
9.37
8.07
- , 3-hexadecyl(306.55)
Ortho
24.74
4.21
7.8
Melting
point
(C)fl
180/1472
173/1372
200/1472
8
0.977
103
1471
4*1/1
1471
1471
1471
1471
284
(3 = 90
1.545
103
23*2/1
1191
34*2/1
1191
908
928
1.495
19*1/1
1.04
9*2/1
1486
1.493
27*2/1
808
1.576
16*4/1
908
1013
4
4
4
4
1.569
1.539
1.64
1.569
3*2/1
3*2/1
3*2/1
3*2/1
1276
1276
1336
1448
7 = 95.5
1.021
3*2/1
1630
7 = 95.6
7 = 90.5
7 = 86
= 90.3
7 = 90.3
8
8
4
9
8
8
1.036
0.977
1.042
0.94
0.985
1.0310
3*2/1
3*2/1
3*4/1
3*2/1
3*2/1
3*2/1
1630
1447
1482
1487
1447
1630
7 = 77
4
8
2
4
1.069
1.04
1.24
1/140
3*2/1
3*2/1
3*2/1
3*2/1
1479
1481
1483
1623
1.25
3*2/1
1483
/3 = 96
TABLE 3. cont'6
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
-, 3-hexyl(166.28)
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
Ortho
Ortho
16.63
33.6
7.75
7.66
37.25
23.15
19
19
Angles
Amorph."
Melting
point
(C)fl
Heat of
fusion
kj/molfl
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q) Refs.
Crystal.
7.77
7.7
4
8
1.069
1.11
3*2/1
3*2/1
1479
1481
7.77
24
1.932
3*2/1
1480
22
1.63
6*11/1
1259
8
2
2
8
4
1.06
1.32
1.063
1.03
1.166
3*2/1
3*2/1
3*2/1
3*2/1
3*2/1
1481
1483
1486
1487
1623
-, - , iodine doped
Ortho
-, 3-methyl- (with 50% CF3SO3-)
(96.15)
Hex
-, 3-octyl1.(194.34)
Ortho
Ortho
Ortho
Mono
II.
Mono
- , 3-phenyl-, -, 4'-octyl(270.43)
Ortho
-, 3-tetradecyl(278.50)
Ortho
Poly(tridecamethylene pyromellitimide)
(396.49)
Poly(undecamethylene pyromellitimide)
(368.43)
Poly(N-vinyl carbazole)
(193.25)
Hex
Hex
Ortho
Phex
Rho
PoIy(I-vinyl naphthalene)
(154.21)
Tet
C4v-12
(105.14)
Rho
C3-2
Poly(/?-xylylene)
a
Mono
(104.15)
Ortho
Mono
Mono
12.2
41.3
17.40
20.3
42.0
15.3
7.63
3.61
3.81
7.67
9.43
7.7
7.8
7.85
7.8
8.07
28.4
5.06
7.44
0.840
3*2/1
1637
24.73
3.82
7.8
1.26
3*2/1
1483
7 = 87
7 = 72
39.2
263
1395
32.0
292
1395
12.30
12.00
21.6
12.3
12.00
12.30
12.00
12.5
12.3
12.00
7.44
6.47
7.44
0.988
1.193
0.958
6.39
3
3
6
3
3
21.20
21.20
8.10
16
1.125
15.49
15.49
6.7
6.56
1.153
11.68
21.3
5.92
5.9
6.10
33.6
10.64
10.64
9.16
6.58
6.55
6.55
4
31
2
2
1.086
1.138
1.179
1.19
> 320/228
2*3/1
2*3/1
2*3/1
2*3/1
2*3/1
126
825
1010
607
813
360/75
2*4/1
122
2*3/1
185
861
425/142 30.2/82 6*2/1

420/219
6*1/1
375/82
6*1/1
435/1187
6*1/1
223
426
595
1181
1.208
212
/3=102.5
/3=134.7
/3=135
1.05
400/395
440/546
P
- , chloro(138.60)
-, ethyl(132.21)
- , isopropyl(146.23)
a
b
Mono
Rho
Hex
8.10
20.52
20.52
5.25
20.52
20.52
6.53
6.55
6.58
6.55
/3 = 95
Tri
Mono
5.92
5.9
12.8
12.8
6.55
6.55
Mono
5.9
13.4
Mono
5.9
14.1
C3-1
2
16
16
1.250
1.158
1.153
90,90,135
/3=135
2
2
1.312
1.32
6.55
/3=135
1.20
6.55
/3=135
1.26
6*1/1
6*1/1
6*1/1
223
1011
426
224
290/395
6*1/1
6*1/1
1012
1181
170/395
6*1/1
1181
6*1/1
1181
420
412
The number after the solidus (/) are reference citations.

TABLE 4. POLY(DIENES) AND POLY(DIYNES)

Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
1,4-Poly(2,3-azabutadiene)
- , 1,4-diethyltrans(112.18)
1,2-Poly( 1,3-butadiene)
syndiotactic
(54.09)
Ortho
isotactic
Rho
1,4-Poly( 1,3-butadiene)
transI.
Phex
(54.09)
Mono
Space
group
Angles
Crystal.
Amorph.fl
Heat of
fusion
kj/molfl
4.72
D2h-ll
10.98
D3d-6
17.3
C2h-5
6.60
17.3
Phex
Hex
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q)
Refs.
4*1/1
1504
5.14
0.964
154
4*1/1
6.5
18
0.96
120
2*3/1
12
1
4
1.03
1.036
1
1
0.930
0.908
100/352
96/451
55/624
141/352
148/44
145/451
142/624
10.0/352 4*1/1
13.8/4514*1/1
6.31/624
4.61/352 4*1/1
5.99/342 4*1/1
4.61/451
3.62/624
37
496
1195
154
550
8
4
0.821
1.011
6.3/335
1
12/1121
9.2/353
8*1/1
60
124
1195
4*11/3
367
4.54
8.63
4.54
9.11
4.9
4.83
4.88
4.95
4.88
4.95
4.68
4.66
8.53
4.60
8.16
9.50
12.66
8.60
/3=114
0.891
II. (>65C)
Melting
point
(0C)"
cisMono
Mono
or
- , 2-tert-butylcis(110.20)
Tri
- , chlorinated
c/s-threo-disyndiotactic
(125.00)
Mono
?ras-erythro-diisotactic
Mono
- , 2-chloro- [chloroprene]
trans(88.54)
Ortho
Ortho
cis-
C2h-5
Cs-4
C2h-6
/2 = 83.33
/3=109
0.902
13.95
20.78
15.3
C2h-4
7.37
5.30
10.10
C2h-5
7.05
8.05
5.10
D2-4
8.84
9.0
10.24
8.23
4.79
4.79
22
0.908
106
/3=134
1.463
4*2/1
768
/3=100
1.456
4*1/1
768
4
4
1.356
1.658
4*1/1
4*1/1
40
109
4*1/1
275
4*1/1
4*1/1
221
565
699
115/229
80/81
8.37/81
70/1157
- , 1-cyano
trans(79.10)
- , 2,3-dichlorotransI.
(122.98)
Mono
II.
Ortho
- , - , thiourea complex
Mono
Mono
- , 2,3-dimethyltrans(82.15)
Ortho
cis-
4.8
C2h-5
C2v-9
5.34
8.81
9.95
12.34
4.86
4.80
4.80
/3 = 93.5
C2Hh5
C2h-5
9.87
9.91
15.83
15.85
12.53
12.5
/3=114.1
/3=114.1
C2v-9
9.13
13.00
4.35
4.70
2
4
1.604
1.565
1.44
1.44
565
803
260
272/221
0.978
7.0
- , - , thiourea complex
Mono
- , 2-methyl- [isoprene]
transot
(68.12)
Mono
C2h-5
10.40
15.47
12.5
C2h-5
7.98
6.29
8.70
8.76
8.77
D2-4
7.78
7.85
11.78
11.9
4.72
4.8*
4*1/1
198
/3=114.4
(3 = 102
220
1.22
1.051
4
4
1.046
1.009
803
80/1121
13/1121 4*2/1
10/1128
65/46
64/81
8.0/1128 4*1/1
10.6/287 4*1/1
0.905
P(LM)
Ortho
Ortho
104
699
288
502
715
1127
40
288
TABLE 4.
cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
Ortho
7.83
11.87
Angles
4.75
Crystal.
1.025
Amorph.a
0.906
8(HM)
Mono
e
cisMono
C2h-5
Ortho
Mono
Ortho
D2h-15
-, -, 3-chlorotrans(102.56)
-, - , hydrochlorinated
(104.58)
Port
C2h-5
Ortho
-, 2-methylacetoxytrans(126.15)
Ortho
-, perhydrotriphenylene complex
trans2 phtp/monomer
Hex
C6h-2
cis-, 2-propyltrans(96.17)
5.9
7.84
7.9
5.99
9.2
7 = 94
4
4
1.06
7.80
6.29
12.46
25.2
8.89
8.97
8.10
8.20*
/3 = 92
8
16
1.009
0.976
26.3
12.4
8.9
8.9
8.15*
8.15*
7=109.5
16
8
1.01
1.101
Melting
point
(C)a
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
82/287
78/630
78/568
80/1170
74/81
80/287
87/568
89/1170
12.7/81
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q) Refs.
4*1/1
502
1195
4*2/1
502
492
492
0.906/53
0.910/47
28/81
36/50
14/287
36/1169
4.9
5.83
11.9
10.38
10.4
8.95
9.1*
16.2
9.3
14.26
/3 = 90
4.40/81 8*1/1
4.6/1195 8*1/1
8*1/1
40
288
124
1019
1019
4*1/1
165
4
8
1.282
1.23
115
110
4*2/1
4*2/1
229
70
4.75
1.17
135
4*1/1
165
14.26
4.78
1.079
183/1124
10.95
6.65
9.2
0.95
42
42/368
8.22
8.22
11.01
23.12
20.8
7.87
8.0
9.69
9.7
13.25
7.63
9.17
9.92
5.33
53.86
54.36
10.98
4.88
4.880
18.30
18.13
19.93
18.9
10.78
10.81
9.58
10.89
4.89*
4.89*
4.83*
4.83*
7=
7=
7=
7=
39.03
39.16
6.11
6.02
798
8*1/1
368
- , urea complex
Hex
D6-2
1,4-Poly( 1,3-butadiyne)
- , 1,4-(4,4 '-diphenyleneglutarate)(330.34)
Mono
C2h-6
Mono
C2h-6
Poly(chloroprene), see Poly(butadiene), 2-chloro1,12-PoIy(U 1-dodecadiyne)
macromonomer
Mono
C2h-5
(160.26)
cross-polymer
Mono
C2h-5
5,8-Poly(5,7-dodecadiynediol)
- , l,12-bisOV-butoxycarbonyl)methylurethane(508.61)
Ortho
D2-3
-,1,12-bis(ethylurethane)(336.43)
Mono
C2h-5
Mono
(hi temp)
Mono
C2h-5
Mono
-,1,12-bis(phenylurethane)(432.52)
Mono
C2h-5
Mono
C2h-5
-, l,12-bis(p-toluylsulfonyl)(502.64)
Tri
Ci-I
(HOK)
Tri
Ci-I
10,13-Poly(10,12-heptacosadiynoic acid)
(as Li salt)
(400.65)
6.229
6.205
20.13
20.01
65
827
/3 = 111.29
/3=106
4
4
1.336
1.41
4*2/1
4*2/1
948
913
14.15*
7=118.5
0.847
12*1/1
12.2
7=123.5
1.146
2
4
1.195
1.170
4*1/1
4*1/1
1319
1329
95
94
91
91
2
2
2
2
1.163
1.169
1.212
1.124
4*1/1
4*1/1
4*1/1
4*1/1
1318
1320
1318
1320
4.909
4.90*
/3=106.85
/3=106.42
2
2
1.258
1.259
4*1/1
4*1/1
95
1353
4.91
4.91
95,94,89
95,94,89
1
1
1.391
1.420
4*1/1
4*1/1
381
381
1022
1022
1268
TABLE 4. cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
1,4-PoIy(1,3-heptadiene)
transisotactic
(96.17)
Mono
- , 6-methyltransisotactic
(110.20)
1,4-PoIy (1,3-hexadiene)
transisotactic
(82.15)
Ortho
--, 5-methyltransisotactic
(96.17)
2,5-Poly(2,4-hexadiene)
frajw-erythro-diisotactic
(82.15)
- , 2,5-dimethyltrans(110.20)
Space
group
Angles
Crystal.
C2-2
8.62
7.95
4.85
/9 = 99
0.973
2,5-Poly(2,4-hexadienedioic acid)
tazns-erythro-diisotactic
(226.27)
Ortho
2,5-Poly(2,4-hexadienoic acid)
/rans-erythro-diisotactic
- , 6-amino0.5 CdCl4/unit
Tri
Ci-I
(254.25)
Tri
Ci-I
- , - , hydrochloride
(163.60)
- , butyl ester
(168.24)
Ortho
- , ethyl ester
(140.18)
- , isoamyl ester
(182.26)
- , isobutyl ester
(168.24)
- , isopropyl ester
(154.21)
- , methyl ester
(126.16)
frans-threo-diisotactic
-methyl ester
(126.16)
2,5-Poly(2,4-hexadiyne)
- , l,6-di(AT-carbazoyl)(408.50)
Mono
Mono
Mono
- , - , hexabromoMono
2,5-Poly(2,4-hexadiynediol)
(50mrad)
Mono
(" annld)
Mono
(110.11)
Mono
- , l,6-bis(ethylurethane)(252.27)
Mono
C2h-5
C2h-5
C2h-5
C2h-5
C2h-5
C2h-5
14.02
14.16
9.67*
7.214
8.02
Heat of
fusion
kj/molfl
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q) Refs.
85/371
4*1/1
375
119
4*1/1
371
82/371
4*1/1
274
4.85
88
4*1/1
371
2.3
84
2*1/1
525
4.8
265
265/376
4*1/1
183
4.85
D2-4
Amorph."
Melting
point
(C)a
4.85
10.28
9.70
10.70
7.245
17.79
18.59
93,90,90
104,97,96
1.000
1.064
230/420
8*1/1
420
8
4
1.838
1.823
347
4*2/1
8*1/1
1123
1188
334
11.36
9.70
4.80
4*1/1
384
4.80
4*1/1
384
4.80
4*1/1
384
4.80
4*1/1
384
4.80
4*1/1
384
4.80
4.8
4*1/1
4*1/1
384
1208
9.4
4*2/1
1208
4*1/1
4*1/1
4*1/1
951
611
830
4*1/1
1503
13.03
12.82
12.87
17.55
17.33
17.40
4.92*
4.886*
4.907*
7=108.7
7=108.3
7 = 108.3
14.21
20.67
4.75*
7=106.8
15.78
16.05
16.09
4.703
4.819
4.793
/3=110.34
/3=106.08
/3=106.4
2
2
2
1.258
1.196
1.203
4*1/1
4*1/1
4*1/1
903
903
904
17.96
4.88
7 = 98.42
1.277
4*1/1
1240
4.176
4.115
4.109
15.14
2
2
2
1.056
1123
1.273
1.316
1.300
TABLE 4. cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
- , l,6-bis(phenylsulfonyl)- , - , di-/?-fluoro(426.41)
Mono
C2h-5
Mono
C2h-5
Mono
C2h-5
- , - , di-/?-methoxy(450.48)
Tri
Ci-I
- , l,6-bis(phenylurethane)1.(348.36)
Tri
Ci-I
(5 dioxane/unit)
II.
III.
- , 1,6-bis-(/?-toluylsulfonyl)1.(418.48)
Mono
C2h-5
Mono
C2h-5
Mono
C2h-5
II. (120K)
Mono
C2h-5
- , 1 -(p-toluylsulfonyl)-6-(/7-fluorophenylsulfonyl)1.(422.44)
Mono
II. (143K)
Mono
Poly(isoprene), see Poly(butadiene), 2-methyl10, 13-Poly(10,12-nonacosadiynoic acid)
(as Li salt)
Ortho
(428.70)
1,9-Poly( 1,8-nonadiyne)
macromonomer
Mono
C2-2
(118.18)
cross-polymer
Mono
C2h-5
1,4-PoIy (1,3-octadiene)
transisotactic
(110.20)
2,5-Poly(2,4,6-octatriynediol)
(134.14)
Mono
C2h-5
- , l,8-bis(phenylurethane)(372.38)
Mono
C2h-5
10,13-Poly(10,12-pentacosadiynoic acid)
(as Li salt)
(372.59)
1,2-PoIy (1,3-pentadiene)
transsyndiotactic
(68.12)
- , 4-methylisotactic
II.
Tet
D2d-10
(82.15)
syndiotactic
I.
II.
1,4-Poly( 1,3-pentadiene)
transisotactic
(68.12)
Ortho
Ortho
D2-4
cisisotactic
Ortho
D2-4
13.93
13.89
13.96
14.06
14.10
14.10
12.72
16.78
8.543
12.53
Melting
point
(C)a
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q)
Refs.
Angles
Crystal.
4.90*
4.91*
4.914*
7=113.3
7=113.2
7 = 113.56
2
2
2
1.606
1.602
1.597
4*1/1
4*1/1
4*1/1
1378
1379
1380
4.902*
110,103,79
1.542
4*1/1
1021
4.89*
4.9
4.9
4.9
84,83,69
1.340
4*1/1
4*1/1
4*1/1
716
749
749
749
35/1020 4*1/1
4*1/1
4*1/1
4*1/1
898
1277
1381
899
Amorph."
14.49
14.53
14.91
14.93
14.94
14.96
14.48
25.56
4.910*
4.912*
4.93
4.910*
7 =118.14
7=118.21
7=118.0
7 = 92
2
2
2
4
1.482
1.477
1.479
1.484
14.22
14.10
14.52
14.43
4.909*
4.906*
7=116.1
7=116.3
2
2
1.541
1.566
4*1/1
4*1/1
1337
1337
1.04
4*1/1
1268
7 = 90.8
0.837
9*2/1
1023
/9=101.71
1.016
9*2/1
1023
4*1/1
371
70
7.88
9.30
8.11
4.89
5.67
21.00*
17.5
4.85
4.85
102/1020
87
4.11
19.59
4.80
(3 = 109
1.219
4*1/1
780
24.65
30.74
4.89
(3 = 92.2
1.336
4*1/1
780
60
1268
5.1
17.80
17.80
36.50
72
0.849
10
4*1/1
230
167/707
2*18/5
488
12*1/1
4*1/1
1502
1502
11.73
5.05
19.73
19.80
4.85
4.86
4.8
4.85
4
4
0.98
0.969
9.47
5.97
8.15
8.15
0.982
95
104/1126
4*1/1
4*1/1
189
200
44
4*2/1
4*2/1
844
263
53
8*1/1
8*1/1
1431
234
syndiotactic
Mono
C2h-5
6.34
9.12
8.50
8.50
/3=
105.9
0.957
TABLE 4. cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
- , 2-methyltransisotactic
(RT)
(82.15)
(153K)
cisisotactic
a (-130)
P(RT)
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
Mono
C2h-5
Mono
Ortho
Ortho
12.89
9.186
C2h-5
12.78
9.084
D2h-15
D2-4
10.74
9.30
- , 3-methylcisisotactic
(82.15)1.
II.
syndiotactic
II.
1,4-PoIy (1,3-pentadiynol)
- , 1-N-carbazoly(245.28)
Mono
C2h-5
2,5-Poly(5-phenyl-2,4-pentadienoic acid)
frans-erythro-diisotactic
- , butyl ester
(230.31)
-methyl ester
(188.23)
1,24-Poly( 1,11,13,23-tetracostetrayne)
cross-polymer
Mono
C2h-4
(322.54)
16.49
26.8*
13.04
7.73
19.51
8.254
Angles
Crystal.
4.820* /3 = 93.5
0.958
4.824* /3 = 93.6
0.977
7.87
7.90
8
4
0.990
0.961
Amorph."
Melting
point
(C)a
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
4*1/1
1317
4*1/1
1317
4*2/1
4*2/1
1364
1364
8.02
6.97
*2/l
*3/l
1497
1497
8.6
8*1/1
1501
4*1/1
1354
4.80
4*1/1
384
4.80
4*1/1
384
4.873* 7=124.27
4.91*
7=119.6
195/1365
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q) Refs.
175
165
165/1365
1.257
1.136
1264

* The unit cell parameter assignment has been changed from that published so as to make c the fiber axis.
TABLE 5.
POLY(PEPTIDES) -(NH-CHR-COK
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Poly(L-alanine)
a helix
(71.08)
P
- , phenyla helix
(147.18)
co helix
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
hex
8.55
8.55
Ortho
Ortho
4.79
4.734
10.7
10.54
Hex
11.55
11.55
Tet
11.28
Tet
12.86
Poly(p-alanine), see Poly(3-aminopropionic acid)
Poly(L-alanyl-D-alanyl-L-alanyl-D-valine)
(312.37)
Ortho
9.5
Poly(L-alanyl-L-alanylglycine)
(200.22)
Ortho
9.44
-phenyl- [2nd alanyl]
(275.31)
Poly(L-alanyl-L-alanylglycyl-L-prolyl-L-prolylglycine)
(450.49)
Ortho
10.5
Poly(L-alanyl-D-alanyl-L-valyl-D-valine)
(340.42)
Ortho
9.5
11.28
12.86
31.0
9.96
34.1
70.3
6.88
6.89
5.91
5.59
Angles
Crystal.
Amorph.a
Melting
point
(C)a
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q) Refs.
47
1.246
3*47/13
507
4
4
1.339
1.373
3*2/1
3*2/1
507
509
3*18/5
1025
4
4
1.300
1.057
3*4/1
3*4/1
1024
1025
11.0
1.281
12*1/1
1046
20.94*
1.351
9*2/1
753
15
9*
774
29.5
18*
755
11.0
1.269
12*1/1
1046
TABLE 5. cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
Angles
Crystal.
Poly(L-alanyl-4-aminobutyric acid)
(156.18)
Ortho
9.4
9.9
9.2
4
1.21
Poly(L-alanyl-6-aminocaproic acid)
(184.24)
Ortho
9.4
9.8
11.5*
4
1.16
Poly(L-alanyl-3-aminopropionic acid)
(142.16)
Ortho
9.4
9.8
16.1*
8
1.27
Poly(L-alanyl-l 1-aminoundecanoic acid)
(254.37)
Ortho
D2-5
4.79
10.35
29.8
4
1.144
Poly(L-alanyl-5-aminovaleric acid)
(170.21)
Ortho
9.4
10.7
20.7*
8
1.09
Poly(L-alanyl-L-glutamylglycine)
- , y-ethyl(285.30)
Mono
9.54
8.54
21.36*
7 = 106
4
1.133
Poly(L-alanylglycine)
1.(128.13)
Ortho
9.42
8.87
6.95*
4
1.466
Ortho
9.44
8.96
6.94*
4
1.450
II.
Ortho
4.72
14.4
9.6
4
1.30
Poly(L-alanylglycyl-L-alanylglycyl-L-alanylglycyl-L-alanylglycyl-L-alanylglycyl-L-alanylglycyl-L-glutamylglycine)
(990.98)
Ortho
9.64
9.62
48.65
4
1.459
Poly(L-alanylglycyl-L-alanylglyclyl-L-alanylglycyl-L-alanylglycyl-L-alanylglycyl-L-glutamylglycine)
(850.84)
Ortho
9.57
9.70
41.70
4
1.460
Poly(L-alanylglycyl-L-alanylglycyl-L-alanylglycyl-L-alanylglycyl-L-glutamylglycine)
(710.70)
Ortho
9.48
10.28
34.75
4
1.394
Poly(L-alanylglycyl-L-alanylglycyl-L-alanylglycyl-L-glutamylglycine)
1.(570.56)
Ortho
9.48
17.34
18.8
4
1.226
II.
Ortho
9.48
10.60
27.80
4
1.356
Poly(L-alanylglycyl-L-alanylglycyl-L-serylglycine)
(400.39)
Ortho
9.39
9.05
20.55*
4
1.522
Poly(L-alanylglycyl-L-alanyl-L-prolyglycyl-L-proline)
(450.49)
Ortho
10.5
29.5
Poly(L-alanylglycylglycine)
11.(185.18)
Mono
8.86
22.0
9.42
(3 = 90
9
1.507
(monohydrate)
Mono
C2-2
11.0
4.8
9.45
/9 = 90
2
1.35
Poly(L-alanylglycylglycylglycine)
11.(242.24)
Hex
4.89
4.89
36.60
3
1.592
Poly(L-alanylglycyl-L-proline)
dry
Hex
11.9
11.9
28.8
10
1.06
wet
Hex
11.4
11.4
9.3
3
1.07
(225.25)
Poly(L-alanylglycyl-L-prolyl-L-prolyglycyl-L-proline)
(476.53)
Ortho
10.6
28.7
Poly(L-alanyl-L-prolyglycine)
with H 2 O
Mono
C2-2
8.6
7.2
9.4
(3 = 90
2
1.4
(225.25)
Poly(L-alanyl-L-prolylglycyl-L-prolyl-L-prolylglycine)
(476.53)
Hex
11.9
11.9
29.5
5
1.093
Poly(L-alanyl-D-valine)
(170.21)
Port
9.7
14.7
6.2
4
1.28
Ortho
9.5
29.4
11.1
16
1.459?
Poly(2-aminoisobutyric acid)
(85.11)
Hex
8.7
8.7
5.96
3
1.08
- , dichloroacetic acid complex
(106.60)
Hex
C3v-6
21.8
21.8
5.95
18
1.301
(1 DCA/6 residues)
Poly(L-arginine)
- , hydrochloride
a helix
Hex
14.7
14.7
27.0
18
1.406
(2.5 H2O/residue)
(192.65)
J3
Mono
9.26
22.05
6.76
7-108.9
4
1.438
(>5 H2O/residue)
Amorph.a
Melting
point
(C)a
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q)
Refs.
8*1/1
969
10*1/1
969
7*2/1
969
15*2/1
1619
9*2/1
969
9*2/1
756
6*1/1
6*1/1
6*2/1
591
754
741
42*1/1
1648
36*1/1
1648
30*1/1
1648
24*1/1
24*1/1
1633
1648
18*
754
18*
755
9*1/1
9*1/1
596
740
12*3/1
740
9*10/3
9*3/1
614
614
18*
755
9*1/1
18*
616
755
6*1/1
6*2/1
1176
1046
3*3/1
967
3*3/1
1053
3*18/
641
3*2/1
641
TABLE 5. cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
Poly(L-aspartic acid)
-, P-benzyl helix
Tet
(205.21)
Tet
Tet
racemic
Ortho
-, - , /?-chloroa helix
Hex
(239.66)
Hex
helix
Tet
Mono
- , - , /7-methyla helix
Hex
(219.24)
helix
Mono
- , a-n-butyl1.(171.20)
Hex
Phex
II.
Tet
- , a-ethyl- , - , 2-methoxy(173.17)
Phex
- , P-ethyl-, -, 2-phenyla helix
Tet
(219.24)
P
Ortho
71 helix
Ortho
>200C
Hex
?
Hex
-, a-isobutyl1.(171.20)
Ortho
Hex
II.
Tet
Tet
- , P-n-propyl
P
Mono
(157.17)
- , - , 3-phenyl(232.26)
Hex
(at 1400C)
Ortho
Poly(L-cysteine)
- , s-benzyloxycarbonylP
I.
Ortho
(237.27)
II.
Ortho
- , 5-benzylthio helix
Tet
(225.32)
Poly(2,4-diaminobutyric acid)
- , Af-benzyloxycarbonyl(234.26)
Rho
Poly(D-glutamic acid)
-, y-benzyl- , -, chlorometa
Phex
(253.68)
ortho
Phex
para
Ortho
Hex
Space
group
5.30
5.42
5.3
5.68
4
4
4
2
1.341
1.320
1.34
1.310
3*4/1
3*4/1
3*4/1
3*2/1
582
703
837
1026
14.9
14.8
23.3
13.4
27.0
27
5.20
5.2
18
4
8
18
1.380
1.40
1.128
1.41
3*18/5
3*18/5
3*4/1
3*4/1
606
1505
606
1505
14.9
14.9
27
1.26
3*18/5
1505
16.6
13.4
5.28
7 = 108
1.304
3*4/1
1505
C2-2
C4-2
13.5
13.45
14.15
13.5
13.45
14.15
19.9
20.6
4.90
7=120
13
13
4
1.177
1.145
1.338
4*13/4
4*13/4
4*4/1
1507
1508
1508
C2-2
12.40
12.40
20.74
7 = 120
13
1.354
4*13/4
1508
13.2
13.2
27.0
18
1.393
3*18/5
1027
17.7
20.3
17.1
23.4
4.76
11.7
17.1
23.4
6.83
19.89
19.89
2
17
17
1.265
1.310
1.229
3*2/1
3*17/4
3*17/4
1027
1028
1028
1027
13.5
13.5
14.0
13.98
23.4
13.5
14.0
13.98
19.9
19.9
4.95
4.94
26
13
4
4
1.176
1.177
1.172
1.178
4*13/4
4*13/4
4*4/1
4*4/1
1312
1506
1312
1506
9.57
25.08
1.288
3*2/1
579
7
14
1.220
1.141
3*7/2
3*7/2
1628
1628
C2-2
13.85
13.80
13.88
21.4
13.85
13.80
13.88
4.28
14.9
14.8
23.3
16.4
15.6
28.0
C4-2
15.6
16.1
6.79b
Angles
7 = 99
7 = 96
10.5
10.5
Amorph."
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q) Refs.
Crystal.
D4-4
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
D6-3
Melting
point
(0C)a
286/1310
4.76
32.4
6.95*
1.470
3*2/1
578
4.89
32.8
6.89*
1.426
3*2/1
578
14.28
14.28
5.55
1.322
3*4/1
1029
27.5
27.5
27.0
56
1.232
3*18/5
720
15.30
15.30
26.99
7 = 60.23
18
1.382
3*18/5
932
15.07
15.24
15.24
15.07
26.40
15.24
27.15
10.68
10.67
7 = 60.03
18
14
7
1.420
1.372
1.374
3*18/5
3*7/2
3*7/2
932
932
1033
TABLE 5. cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
-, y-rt-hexyla helix
(213.27)
- , y-methyla helix
(143.14)
P
Cryst
syst.
Hex
15.89
15.89
Hex
12.0
12.0
Ortho
Poly(L-glutamic acid)
P
I.
Mono
(129.12)
Mono
II.
Mono
Ortho
-, y-w-amyl(199.25)
Hex
Hex
-, y-benzyla helix
A.
Mono
(219.24)
Hex
B.
Tri
Mono
Mono
(dry)
Ortho
Mono
C.
Hex
(racemic)
Hex
Mono
Hex
D.
Hex
E.
Hex
single crystal
Mono
racemic mixture
I.
Ortho
II.
Mono
-, -, chlorometa
Hex
(racemic)
Hex
(253.68)
ortho
Ortho
(racemic)
Hex
para
Ortho
(racemic)
Ortho
- , y-w-butyl(185.22)
Phex
(at 1000C)
Ortho
-, y-calcium
P (wet)
Mono
-, y-w-dodecyl(297.44)
Hex
-, y-ethyla helix
I.
Phex
(157.17)
Phex
T.
III.
H.
-, -, 2-chloro(191.61)
-, -, 2-phenyl(233.27)
Space
group
C2-2
Angles
27
9.49
9.44
19.09
23.37
7.07
6.81
9.66
9.79
9.75
4.95
9.10
9.35
8.06
15.6
6.98*
6.82*
6.84*
6.90
7 = 90
7=105
7=105
7 =104
Crystal.
18
1.08
Amorph."
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q) Refs.
3*18/5
859
3*18/5
1162
8
8
1.484
1.266
3*2/1
954
812
4
4
4
4
1.447
1.422
1.644
1.610
3*2/1
3*2/1
3*2/1
3*2/1
585
966
966
836
18
18
1.12
1.13
3*18/5
3*18/5
1040
1279
3*18/5
3*18/5
3*18/5
3*18/5
3*18/5
*43/12
3*18/5
3*18/5
* 71/20
3*18/5
3*7/2
3*7/
3*7/2
1030
952
587
702
952
757
1030
584
584
1030
1030
953
1030
926
15.1
15
15.1
15
15.3
30
15.25
25.2
15.88
14.76
29.06
14.95
14.95
15.05
14.8
39.05
64.36
5.52
14.6
30
15.25
15.0
13.00
25.40
13.20
14.95
14.95
14.78
14.8
39.05
64.36
5.11
24.4
25.6
15.4
15.6
15.50
15.49
15.50
15.49
27.10
26.84
18
18
1.345
1.360
3*18/5
3*18/5
1032
1035
26.50
15.24
15.24
15.12
30.60
15.24
26.40
26.09
27.02
27.23
10.67
10.72
72
18
14
14
1.384
1.384
1.374
1.394
3*18/5
3*18/5
3*7/2
3*7/2
1032
1034
1032
932
14.1
25.4
14.1
14.66
(27)
27
18
36
1.13
1.101
3*18/5
3*18/5
1040
1040
9.40
12.82
27.6
27.6
12.5
12.16
12.5
12.16
Tet
Phex
Ortho
11.72
12.9
22.95
11.72
12.9
13.25
Phex
11.7
11.7
Hex
Ortho
15.60
15.38
15.60
26.65
(27)
27
Melting
point
(0C)*
7=121.7
27.0
26.8
27.1
64.11
27.27
27.1
106
27
10.50
10.58
10.5
22.25
84,84,122
7=122.5
7=113.7
(3 = 96
= 56
7 = 119.4
/3 = 97.8
72
18
30
18
86
36
18
71
18
7
49
2
1.257
1.278
1.279
1.303
1.260
1.305
1.260
1.252
1.279
1.277
1.285
1.171
1031
1031
7=107.7
6.83*
7 = 114
7=100.3
585
1292
27.0
108.9
16.4
108.9
108.9
108.9
16.56
(27)
54.4
7=110
7=109.5
18
73
1.18
1.255
1.274
1.25
1.151
3*18/5
*73/20
3*11/3
3*73/20
3*73/20
3*73/20
826
955
1036
955
955
955
7=123
73
73
7=118.7
11
1.760
3*11/3
1036
72
1.225
1.251
3*18/5
3*18/5
1038
1039
TABLE 5. cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
Angles
Crystal.
Amorph.a
Melting
point
(C)a
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q)
Refs.
- , y-n-hexyl-
(213.28)
Hex
Hex
15.8
15.5
15.8
15.5
27
27
18
18
1.09
1.14
3*18/5 1040
3*18/5 1279
11.96
11.95
11.79
11.96
27.0
11.79
27.5
11.95
11.82
11.58
20.70
11.82
11.58
18
18
18
65
58
69
18
1.256
1.281
1.321
(1.284)
1.290
1.316
1.399
3*18/5
3*18/5
3*18/5
* 65/18
3*29/8
* 69/19
3*18/5
588
576
858
583
589
1204
1650
12.75
12.75
21.27
4.725
4.70
12.75
12.75
21.27
18
18
1.282
1.287
1.210
21
1.410
3*18/5
3*18/5
117/32
3*2/1
3*2/1
1293
1338
1204
702
1037
27.6
23.9
27.6
24.9
27
72
72
1.248
3*18/5
3*18/5
1041
1041
17.1
17.1
27
18
1.06
3*18/5
1279
14.4
24.6
24.3
14.4
14.2
24.3
(27)
60.0
60.0
18
80
120
1.19
1.085
1.112
3*18/5
* 40/11
*40/ll
1040
1040
1533
16.30
16.30
(27)
18
1.190
3*18/5
1038
15.9
15.9
-, y-methyla helix
(143.14)
Hex
Hex
Hex
11.95
Ortho
Hex
Hex
precursor to a (3 chloroform/18 mers)
Hex
Hex
(at 17O0C)
Rho
P
Ortho
- , - , dimethyl phthalate complex
25%
Hex
extracted
Phex
- , y-n-octyl(241.33)
Hex
- , y-ft-propyl(171.20)
Phex
(at 1500C)
Ortho
Rho
- , - , 3-phenyl(247.29)
Hex
- , y-sodium
a helix
Hex
(hydrated)
P (wet)
Port
Poly(L-glutamine)
- , Af5-(4-hydroxybutyl)(200.24)
Ortho
- , //5-(2-hydroxyethyl)(172.18)
Ptet
- , N5-(3-hydroxypropyl)(186.21)
Ortho
Poly(D-glutamyl-L-glutamic acid)
- , y-benzyla helix
Hex
(219.24)
Hex
Hex
P
Hex
Ortho
co helix
Ortho
Ortho
Tc helix
Hex
Hex
Ti-Ti 5.6
Hex
Tt-Tt 7.2
Hex
Tt-Tt 9.0
Mono
Tt-Tt 10.8
Mono
- , y-ethyl- , - , 2-phenyla helix
Hex
(233.27)
Hex
P
Hex
Tt helix
Hex
Poly(glycine)
1.(57.05)
Mono
C2h-5
14.4
7.0*
26.9
97.26
43.2
103.0
26.33
27.0
26.9
176.0
6.83
6.83
7 = 121.4
7 = 130
794
4.7
794
14.8
12.4
60.4
40
1.200
3*40/11
935
12.1
12.1
27
18
1.30
3*18/5
968
14.6
12.3
43.2
29
1.156
3*29/8
924
15.2
14.9
26.0
22.9
9.52
27
26.92
27.1
17.0
17.0
18.2
22.6
25.3
26.4
15.2
14.9
26.0
22.9
22.5
15.8
15.54
15.5
17.0
17.0
18.2
22.6
24.4
25.6
28
26.6
32.4
9.46
19
18
66
16
1.235
1.281
1.267
1.356
3*19/5
6*9/5
6*11/6
6*1/1
5.40
5.40
25.6
25.6
56.3
53.1
20.2
50.0
8
8
22
22
56
72
36
1.289
1.284
1.250
1.250
1.262
1.116
1.180
1.318
6*2/1
6*2/1
6*11/5
6*11/5
6*14/5
6*18/5
6*9/2
6*27/5
885
1042
1272
1042
1215
885
1042
1272
885
1272
1214
1214
1214
1214
15.9
27.5
24.2
17.6
15.9
27.5
24.2
17.6
26.5
32.4
4.75
25.7
18
66
8
22
1.204
1.205
1.286
1.236
6*9/5
6*11/6
6*1/1
6*11/5
1042
1272
1042
1272
2
4
1.30
1.669
3*2/1
3*2/1
581
1239
4.77
9.54
4.77
3.67
7.0
7.044*
7=117
7=118
7-66
7 = 113
365/795
TABLE 5.
cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
II.
Hex
C3-2
4.8
Poly(glycyl-6-aminocaproic acid)
1.(170.21)
Hex
4.79
II.
Mono
4.76
Poly(glycyl-12-aminododecanoic acid)
11.(254.37)
Hex
4.79
Poly(glycyl-3-aminopropionic acid)
1.(128.13)
Ortho
9.51
II.
Hex
4.79
Poly(glycyl-3-aminopropionic acid-3-aminopropionic acid)
(199.21)
Hex
4.79
Poly(glycyl-11-aminoundecanoic acid)
1.(240.35)
Ortho
9.60
II.
Hex
4.79
Poly(glycylglycyl-L-proline)
with H 2 O
Mono
C2-2
12.2
w/formicacid
Mono
C2-2
13.5
(211.22)
Poly(glycylprolylhydroxyproline)
(267.28)
Hex
13.7
Poly(glycyl-L-prolyl-L-proline)
dry
Hex
12.5
(251.29)
- , a-phenyl-(glycyl)
(327.38)
Ortho
D2-4
14.3
Poly(L-histidine)
-, 1-benzyl(227.27)
Phex
17.4
- , hydrochloride
(1 H2O/residue)
Mono
14.95
(190.61)
Poly(L-isoleucine)
P
Ortho
4.80
(113.16)
Ortho
4.8
Poly(L-leucine)
a helix
Hex
13.22
(113.16)
p
Ortho
4.80
Poly(L-lysine)
a helix
Hex
19.55
(128.18)
P
Ortho
9.44
- , Zs-benzyloxycarbonyla helix
Hex
16.69
(262.31)
- , hydrobromide
(1.4 H2O/residue) Ortho
D2-3
9.52
(234.31)
-, hydrochloride
a helix
Hex
16.80
>84%RH
(164.64)
P dry
Ortho
4.62
65% RH
Ortho
4.71
Poly(L-lysyl-L-lysyl-L-valine)
a helix
Hex
15.87
(355.48)
P
Ortho
9.35
(with 2HC1)
- , di-benzyloxycarbonylP
Ortho
9.38
(623.75)
4.8
9.3
4.79
35.1
3.96
4.79
15.20
4.79
4.79
Angles
16.95*
22.2
35.2
Crystal.
1.53
1.216
276/1524
10*3/1
1311
1311
1.131
230/1524
6*16/1
1512
16
3
1.389
1.447
7*2/1
7*3/1
1294
1294
1.419
11*3/4
1313
15*2/1
15*
1391
1391
37.5*
4.79
9.3
9.3
13.7
Heat of
Chain
fusion conform.
kj/mol" (n*p/q) Refs.
3*3/1
/?=113
112.8
4.9
4.9
Amorph.a
Melting
point
(0C)"
2
2
1.4
9*1/1
9*1/1
615
615
28.2
10
0.97
9*10/
612
12.5
28.7
10
1.07
9*10/
613
13.5
9.4
1.198
9*1/1
965
17.4
27.0
7=130
18
1.085
3*18/5
719
14.95
45.0
7=116.5
45
1.582
3*15/4
1295
4
4
1.018
1.032
3*2/1
3*2/1
806
1025
22.36
23
6.88
6.6
/? = 90
/? = 94
273
13.22
23.56
6.88
0.966
19.55
3*
806
3*2/1
806
3*
586
17.16
6.8b
1.16
3*2/1
586
16.69
26.90
18
1.208
3*18/5
577
16.44
6.80
1.46
3*2/1
923
16.80
15.20
16.67
666
6.66
6.66
4
4
2.338
15.87
666
666
9*
1047
15.04
20.88
0.969
9*2/1
1047
28.24
20.22
1.547
9*2/1
1048
TABLE 5. cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
Poly(L-methionine)
a helix
Hex
(131.19)
Poly(D-methionyl-L-methionine)
P
Mono
(131.19)
Poly(L-ornithine)
-, iV-benzoyla helix
Hex
(218.26)
-, -, /7-bromoco helix
Ortho
8297.15*
-, -, /7-chloroo) helix
Ortho
(252.70)
-, -, />-fluoroco helix
Ortho
(236.25)
- , iV-benzyloxycarbonyl1.(248.28)
Mono
Phex
Hex
II.
Ortho
Tet
III.
Ortho
-, hydrobromide
a helix
Hex
(>86% RH)
P (wet)
Ortho
(to 85% RH)
Poly(L-proline)
1.(97.12)
Hex
II.
Rho
Rho
Rho
-, acid complexes
-,acetic
Tet
-,formic
Tet
- , propionic
Tet
highly solvated Ortho
- , hydroxyA. (113.12)
Hex
B. >66%RH
Phex
- , - , O-acetyl11.(155.15)
Hex
Poly(L-serine)
-, O-acetylP
Ortho
(129.12)
Poly(L-tyrosine)
-, (9-benzyloxycarbonyl(297.31)
Mono
Poly(L-valine)
a helix
Hex
(99.13)
P
Ortho
Ortho
a
b
Space
group
11.49
11.49
70.5
18.05
4.71
15.0
D2-4
14.66*
15.0
26.5
24.6
18.4
Angles
/3=110.4
5.68
Crystal.
Amorph.*
Melting
point
(C)a
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q) Refs.
47
1.270
3*47/13
867
1.492
6*2/1
850
18
1.263
3*18/5
1373
1.535
3*4/1
1373
D2-4
24.1
18.5
5.68
1.326
3*4/1
1373
D2-4
23.8
18.7
5.68
1.241
3*4/1
1373
23.3
23.0
22.8
29.40
20.8
22.09
22.7
22.6
22.8
14.70
20.8
19.95
22
22
22
36
80
80
1.213
1.238
1.228
1.272
1.270
1.247
3*11/3
3*11/3
3*11/3
3*18/5
3*40/1
3*40/1
720
1043
1296
1043
1296
1296
16.2
(16)
16.4
27.0
60.00
60.00
7=119.2
7 = 119.5
15.0
4.60
C2-2
C3-3
C3-3
C3-3
C3-3
30.2
6.64
9.05
6.62
6.62
6.68
9.05
6.62
6.62
6.68
19.0
9.36
9.31
9.36
10
3
3
3
9.13
8.92
9.13
9.00
9.13
8.92
9.13
25.1
19.0
19.0
19.0
19.0
10
10
10
12.3
15.75
12.3
15.75
9.15
22.88
11.4
11.4
9.71
D2-4
784
6.48
18.0
18.0
11.43
11.43
4.79
4.80
19.00
19.14
1.197
1.362
1.369
1.338
3*2/1
784
3*10/3
3*3/1
3*3/1
3*3/1
590
510
512
511
3*10/3
3*10/3
3*10/3
701
701
701
701
1.410
3*
3*8/3
580
1044
9.3
1.48
3*3/1
737
9.6*
1.065
3*3/1
706
11
1.20
3*11/3
849
18
0.970
3*18/5
1025
4
4
1.052
1.088
3*2/1
3*2/1
806
1045
16.5
(27)
6.88
6.59
7 =120.47
7=122

TABLE 6. POLY(AMIDES) (-NH-X-NH-CO-Y-CO- or -NH-X-CO-) see also POLY(PEPTIDES)

Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
Poly(2-aminoacetic acid), see Polyglycine

Poly(/?-aminobenzoic acid)
(119.12)
Ortho
D2-4
Ortho
D2-4
Ortho
D2-4
Poly(3-amino-2-butenoic acid)
irrad. in vacuum
(83.09)
Mono
irrad. in air
Mono
Poly(3-aminobutyric acid)
(85.11)
Ortho
a
Mono
(85.11)
Mono
C2-2
Mono
P
Mono
5
Hex
-, 4-benzyloxycarbonyl-(L)
1.(219.24)
Mono
II.
Hex
- , 4-methyloxycarbonyl-(L)
(143.14)
Hex
PoIy(10-aminocapric acid)
a
Tri
(169.27)
y
Phex
C2h-5
Hex
Poly(6-aminocaproic acid) [caprolactam]
a
Mono
C2-2
(113.16)
Mono
C2-2
Mono
Mono
C2-2
Mono
Mono
Mono
C2-2
P
Y
>150C
Hex
Hex
Mono
Mono
Hex
Ortho
Mono
Ortho
Rho
Mono
C2h-5
C2h-5
7.71
7.71
7.75
5.14
5.14
5.30
12.9
12.8
12.87
19.11
8.54
10.665
21.90
10.13
12.461
10.9
9.6
4.6
9.44
9.29
9.79
8.22
7.97
8.31
4.65
4.65
9.62
13.14
Angles
Crystal.
4
4
4
1.548
1.560
1.497
Amorph."
Melting
point
(C)a
Heat of
fusion
kj/mol*
550/735
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q) Refs.
6*2/1
6*2/1
6*2/1
811
902
1434
/3 = 91.6
4*
1530
/3 = 96.8
4*
1530
1.17
330
4*1/1
503
260/337
260/244
5*2/1
5*2/1
5*2/1
5*2/1
272
457
1509
458
458
12.1*
12.24*
12.25
12.24*
7=116
7=114.5
7=117
8
8
8
1.340
1.375
1.273
19.30
13.14
12.30
10.0
(3 = 11.1
8
5
1.35
1.22
5*2/1
5*5/2
1359
1359
10.90
10.90
10.0
1.16
5*5/2
1359
9.80
5.12
27.54
54,90,110
1.110
11*2/1
1237
4.78
4.9
9.56
4.9
26.9
26.5
7=120
4
2
1.056
1.02
11*2/1
11*2/1
971
61
9.56
4.81
9.65
9.45
9.66
4.77
9.71
8.01
7.61
8.11
8.02
8.32
4.06
8.19
17.24*
17.10*
17.2*
17.08
17.0
17.25
17.40
7 = 67.5
7 = 79.5
7 = 66.3
7 = 68
7 = 65
7 = 66.5
7=115
8
4
8
8
8
2
8
1.232
1.221
1.220
1.252
1.214
1.224
1.199
1
1
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
2
1.250
1.23
1.10
1.10
1.162
1.165
1.132
1.194
1.188
1.191
1.146
1.138
4.8
4.85
9.35
9.33
4.79
4.82
9.14
4.83
4.90
4.86
4.8
4.85
4.81
4.78
4.79
7.82
4.84
7.83
16.28
4.65
8.6
8.4
16.60*
16.88*
16.7
16.70
16.68
16.68
8.22
16.87
17.9
16.2*
7 = 59.7
16.96*
7 = 90
7=120
7=121
7=121
7 = 60
188/337
177/146
1.09/839
0.917
1.114
1.10
1.09/839
215
223/153
223/244
226/293
214/304
272/839
260/1051
228/346
250/532
272/839
20.8/155
18.1/216
23.0/405
21.6/343
26/1121
19.4/839
27/1050
27.3
24.1/697
18.5/534
7*2/1
7*2/1
7*2/1
7*2/1
7*2/1
7*2/1
7*2/1
7*1/1
7*1/1
15.6/839 7*2/1
27/1050 7*2/1
7*2/1
7*2/1
7*2/1
7*2/1
7*1/1
7*2/1
3
26
135
212
334
891
1049
1050
449
213
222
1052
336
246
272
279
697
697
26
891
-, complex with 12
-, D-(-)-3-methyl(127.19)
Mono
or
C2h-5
C2-2
9.13
Mono
C2-2
9.15
4.84
Poly(6-aminocaproic acid-a/f-11-aminoundecanoic acid)

(296.46)
Poly(6-aminocaproyl-5-aminovaleryl-3-aminopropionic acid)
(297.40)
Tri
4.9
10.7
Poly(8-aminocaprylic acid)
a
Mono
C2-2
9.8
8.3
(141.21)
1510
1.125
22.5
21.6
51,77,62
1.28
22.4*
7=115
1.14
1.18
225/19
226/36
7*2/1
440
184
19*1/1
714
18*1/1
1437
185/146
202
30/1195 9*2/1
272
153
200/244
218/838
TABLE 6.
cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
P
y
Mono
Hex
Hex
Phex
C2h-5
Poly(2-aminocyclopentylenecarboxy acid)
(111.14)
Poly(7-aminoenanthic acid)
(127.19)
Tri
Cl-I
Tri
Ci-I
4.79
4.9
4.77
4.79
4.9
9.54
21.7
21.7
21.9
8.25
4.54
7.8
9.8
4.9
10.0
5.4
9.8
9.85
Angles
Crystal.
Amorph."
1.088
1.04
1.087
1.04/495
7 = 120
2
2
4
2
1.26
4
1
1.18
1.21
56,90,69
49,77,63
Melting
point
(C)a
13.3
Poly(peptide) Section
C2h-5
Ci-I
Cl-I
Poly(2-aminopropionic acid), see Poly(alanine)

Poly(3-aminopropionic acid) [P alanine]
a
Mono
C2-2
(71.08)
Mono
P
Ortho
- , 2-butyl-2-methyl(141.21)
- , 2,2-dimethyl1.(99.13)
II.
Ortho
13.3
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q) Refs.
18/1121 9*2/1
9*2/1
9*2/1
121
272
61
971
4*2/1
1059
8*1/1
8*1/1
918
61
153
233/215
225/146
217
1.20
-, (R)-3-methyl(141.21)
- , (S)-4-methyl(141.21)
-, (R)-5-methyl(141.21)
- , (R)-6-methyl(141.21)
Poly(aminoformic acid)
- , N-butyl(99.13)
Phex
Poly(2-aminoisobutyric acid), see
PoIy(12-aminolauric acid)
Y
Hex
(197.32)
Hex
Phex
Mono
Mono
Mono
formed during planar extrusion
Tri
Poly(9-aminopelargonic acid)
(155.24)
Tri
Tri
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
223/291
9.24
179
479
9.43
176
479
9.11
182
479
9.57
188
479
15.4
16
1.12
1.023
1.10
1.034
1.045
1.048
1.126
2*8/3
522
208/1172
179/177
13*2/1
13*2/1
13*2/1
13*2/1
13*2/1
13*2/1
895
660
680
759
1054
1511
13*2/1
1511
4.80
4.70
4.79
4.87
4.90
9.28
4.80
4.70
9.58
9.38
4.67
4.85
32.1
31
31.9*
32.2*
32.1
31.35
7 = 120
7 = 121.5
7=121.7
7=124.4
2
2
4
4
2
4
9.28
5.29
31.35
59,90,60
1.223
4.9
9.7
5.4
9.7
12.5
12.6
49,77,64
64,90,67
1
4
1.15
1.07
210
194/146
198/292
209/177
10*1/1
10*1/1
421
918
9.33
9.60
8.73
8.96
4.78*
4.78*
7=120
7=122.5
4
4
1.400
1.361
340
330/337
357/1403
4*1/1
4*1/1
491
1265
9.56
7.56
4.78 a
1.366
4*1/1
1265
4*2/1
1093
11.57
-, 2-ethyl-2-methyl(113.16)
-, 3-methyl-, see Poly(3-aminobutyric acid)
-, 2-methyl-2-propyl(127.19)
Poly(3-aminopropyl-5-aminovaleryl-6-aminocaproic acid)
(297.40)
Tri
4.9
PoIy(18-aminostearic acid)
y
Mono
4.76
(281.48)
Poly(2-aminotetrahydropyran-6-carboxcylic acid)
(127.14)
Mono
C2-1
11.79
10.95
10.7
0.972
175/528
0.99
8.3
72
8.4
8.39
189/73
273
268
270/402
1.239
4*
13
4*2/1
73
1093
8.5
76
4*2/1
1093
8.4
74
4*2/1
1093
21.6
51,77,62
1.28
18*1/1
1437
9.52
46.9
7 = 120
1.016
19*2/1
1055
14.40
19.43
7 = 98
20
1.292
5*10/3
1333
Double
305
TABLE 6. cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
PoIy(11-aminoundecanoic acid)
a
Tri
(183.30)
Tri
Tri
Tri
Tri
II.
y
Space
group
Cl-I
Ci-I
Mono
Mono
9.5
4.78
4.9
9.6
4.78
4.78
10.0
4.13
5.4
4.2
4.13
9.75
9.48
Poly(5-aminovaleric acid)
a
Tri
Cl-I
9.5
(99.13)
Poly(4,4 '-benzanilidylene terephthalamide)
(357.37)
Poly(1,3-cyclohexylenedimethylene adipamide)
cis(252.36)
Tri
4.8
Poly( 1,3-cyclohexylenedimethylene dodecanediamide)
cis(336.52)
Tri
4.8
Poly(1,3-cyclohexylenedimethylene suberamide)
cis(280.41)
Tri
4.8
Poly(decamethylene adipamide) [10.6]
(282.43)
Angles
Crystal.
15.0
13.1
14.9
15.0
14.9
14.1
60,90,67
90,75,66
49,77,63
72,90,64
82,75,66
a = 63.5
4
1
1
2
1
1.10
1.343
1.15
1.19
1.174
8.02
4.5
7.68
15.0&
29.4^
14.78
7=115
7 = 118.5
4
4
1.145
1.10
5.6
7.5
48,90,67
1.30
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q)
Refs.
183/292
220
182/146
194/101
186
188/444
226/1161
27/1161
41/343
12*1/1
12*1/1
12*1/1
12*1/1
12*1/1
12*1/1
918
365
61
59
263
1057
12*1/1
12*1/1
529
529
1056
258/402
6*1/1
18*1/1
1425
13*2/1
1058
29.6
26,85,75
1.19
19.0
44.6
16,90,83
1.12
19*2/1
1058
14.5
34.8
22,85,76
1.15
15*2/1
1058
18*1/1
110
20.0
253/1201
918
12.6
230
236/244
240/544
214/137
y
Phex
Poly(4,4 '-decamethy lenedipiperazine sebacamide)
(476.75)
Poly (decamethy lene succinamide) [10.4]

(254.37)
Tri
4.9
Poly(dodecamethylene oxamide) [12.2]
(254.37)
Poly(dodecamethylene phosphinylidenedipropionamide)
- , methyl-(diacid)
(372.49)
Poly(dodecamethylene malonamide) [12.3]
(268.40)
Mono
8.48
Poly(dodecamethylene sebacamide) [12.10]
a
Tri
5.0
(366.59)
P
Tri
5.0
Poly(dodecamethylene succinamide) [12.4]
(282.43)
Tri
4.9
1.01
Heat of
fusion
kj/mol a
18.63
Poly(decamethylene azelamide) [10.9]

(324.51)
Poly(decamethylene 4-octenediamide)
trans(308.47)
Poly(decamethylene phosphinylidenedipropionamide)
- , methyl-(diacid)
(344.44)
Poly(decamethylene sebacamide) [10.10]
(338.54)
Tri
4.9
Amorph.a
Melting
point
(C)a
68.2/405 2 1 *
36.7/159
65
130/159
129/402
69.1/159 28*
24.1
243
20*1/1
657
20
173
19*1/1
831
51.1/118 22*1/1
34.7/159 * 1/1
72.0/405
32.7/160
1412
110
5.4
27.8
25.6
49,76,63
1.14
203/244
197
198/454
216/137
5.5
19.8
49,77,63
1.18
242
16*1/1
1626
19.5
230
16*1/1
743
21.55
180
4.71
41.30
/5=101
1.101
5.25
29.2
51,75,63
1.15
8.16
29.2
90,75,68
1.15
5.5
22.3
49,77,63
1.17
173/339
237
831
17*2/1
1523
24*1/1
1513
24*1/1
1513
18*1/1
1626
TABLE 6.
cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
Poly[4,4 '-(ethylenedioxydiphenylene)-ditrimethylene adipamide]

(438.57)
Poly(ethylene-L-tartaramide)
- , di-O-methyl(202.21)
Tri
4.95
6.87
Poly(heptamethylene adipamide) [7.6]
Y
Phex
C2-2
(240.35)
Poly(heptamethylene
y
(282.43)
Poly(heptamethylene
(254.37)
Angles
4.82
Crystal.
Amorph."
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
26.3
9.10
59,90,106
azelamide) [7.9]
Phex
pimelamide) [7.7]
Phex
Cs-I
Melting
point
(C)a
18.95*
7=120
1.337
312
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q) Refs.
25*1/1
516
8*1/1
1629
209/291
226/339
250/244
65
201/244
65
1.105
214/244
16*1/1
63
16*1/1
65
205/2
196/339
228/1625
Y
Phex
Poly(heptamethylene sebacamide) [7.10]
Y
Phex
C2-2
(296.46)
Poly(heptamethylene suberamide) [7.8]
Y
Phex
C2-2
(268.40)
Poly(hexamethylene adipamide) [6.6]
a
I.
Tri
Ci-I
(226.32)
Mono
Tri
Tri
Tri
Tri
II.
Tri
4.9
15.7
5.00
4.87
4.97
4.96
glutaramide) [6.5]
Mono
C2h-6
Mono
malonamide) [6.3]
Mono
4-octenediamide)
5.4
10.5
4.17
5.26
5.47
5.52
187/339
208/244
65
230/244
65
8.0
5.9
5.87
17.2
16.23
16.50
90,77,67
57,80,60
56,81,60
2
1
1
7.8
5.3
40.15*
7 = 87
1.08
4.60
5.23
8.62
8.50
30.95*
30.55
/3=114
/3=110
4
4
8.60
4.62
25.70
/3=100.4
17.12
48,77,63
0 = 73
81,76,63
50,76,64
48,77,62
48,76,62
4.9
5
4.91
5.45
17.2
17.3
17.3
17.15
17.29
17.41
1.24
1.240
1.204
1.241
1.214
1.208
1.225
1.220
1.152
1.165
1.25
1.10
1.119
4.95
P
Tri
Ci-I
high temp.
Tri
(17O0C)
Tri
Poly(hexamethylene azelamide) [6.9]
(268.40)
Mono
Poly(hexamethylene
(212.29)
(at 19O0C)
Poly(hexamethylene
(184.24)
Poly(hexamethylene
trans(252.36)
Poly[hexamethylene
(170.21)
Poly(hexamethylene
(318.41)
Poly(hexamethylene
a
(282.43)
18.95
52,80,63
1
9
1
1
1
1
1.09/52
1.12/495
14*1/1
14*1/1
14*1/1
25
402
407
891
1180
1409
1179
54
1180
1179
25
1060
1409
Tri
Ci-I
46.5/82
40/155
36.8/216
68/1121
58/1166
46.9/405
53.2
14*1/1
14*1/1
14*1/1
14*1/1
14*1/1
14*1/1
269.5
43.4
41.9
14*1/1
226/244
185/339
17*2/1
402
1.258
1.105
241/402
13*2/1
13*2/1
1514
1514
1.218
241/1524
11*2/1
1523
259
16*1/1
657
1.095
1.069
1.095
1.09/495
19.1
oxamide) [6.2]
Tri
Ci-I
/n-phenylenedisulfonamide)
Mono
C2h-3
sebacamide) [6.10]
Tri
Ci-I
Tri
265/2
270/289
301/1166
280/1121
5.15
7.54
12.39
32,74,62
1.280
320/402
10*1/1
956
7.70
7.76
14.1
/3=117
1.409
170
13*1/1
1384
4.95
4.86
5.4
5.05
22.4
22.35
49,76,63
55,76,62
1
1
1.16
1.189
1.152
1.189
1.17
1.20
228/51
215/291
233/244
225/454
216
30.6/160 18*1/1
56.5/137 18*1/1
58.6/405
25
891
54
52
153
25
4.9
8.0
22.4
90,77,67
1.041
18*1/1
TABLE 6. cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
Poly(hexamethylene suberamide) [6.8]

(254.37)
Tri
Mono
quenched
Phex
Poly(hexamethylene succinamide) [6.4]
(198.26)
Tri
9.60
8.26
9.7
9.7
4.9
5.3
Angles
Crystal.
19.7
7 = 115
1
4
1.193
Amorph.a
Melting
point
(C)a
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
232/244
235/291
241/1202
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q)
Refs.
16*1/1
7=120
14.8
51,77,62
65
1515
1515
1.25
275
12*1/1
1626
230
12*1/1
1629
371
371/829
D350/291
14*1/1
828
285/1524
306/402
9*2/1
1522
212/402
Poly(hexamethylene-L-tartaramide)
- , di-O-methyl(252.32)
Tri
Poly(hexamethylene terephthalamide) [6.T]
(246.31)
Poly(methylene adipamide) [1.6]

(156.18)
Mono
C2h-6
5.00
13.20
62,90,112
1.191
15.6
8.04
1.333
39.5
1.06
20*2/1
1315
6.06
6.1
5.22
45.0
45.5
52.6
4
4
4
1.060
1.03
1.037
23*2/1
23*2/1
23*2/1
1315
1315
1315
6.1
35.8
1.08
18*2/1
1315
5.32
40.5
1.093
18*2/1
1315
6.1
41.4
1.05
21*2/1
1315
6.1
37.6
1.07
19*2/1
1315
6.1
49.4
1.02
25*2/1
1315
6.1
47.4
1.02
24*2/1
1315
6.1
43.5
1.04
22*2/1
1315
4.96
44.7
1.059
23*2/1
1440
10.52
9.64
4.96
4.96
44.7
44.7
4
4
1.118
1.220
23*2/1
23*2/1
1440
1440
8.12
4.79
35.2*
1.166
15*2/1
1522
4.79
4.79
26.1
1.366
8*3/1
1522
4.79
4.79
18.0
1.589
6*3/2
1313
4.79
4.79
34.5
1.237
10*3/1
1522
8.10
4.79
30.0*
1.211
13*2/1
1522
Poly (4,4'-methylenedicyclohexylene azelamide)

trans-, trans (362.56)
Ortho
9.4
Poly(4,4 '-methylenedicyclohexylene dodecanediamide)
trans-, transI.
Ortho
C2v-5
9.30
(404.64)
Ortho
9.4
II.
Mono
9.50
Poly(4,4 '-methylenedicyclohexylene pimelamide)
trans-, transit
Ortho
9.4
(334.50)
II.
Mono
9.57
Poly(4,4 '-methylenedicyclohexylene sebacamide)
trans-, trans(376.58)
Ortho
9.4
Poly(4,4 '-methylenedicyclohexylene suberamide)
Ortho
9.4
Poly(4,4'-methylenedicyclohexylene tetradecanediamide)
Ortho
9.4
Poly(4,4 '-methylenedicyclohexylene tridecanediamide)
Ortho
9.4
Poly(4,4 '-methylenedicyclohexylene undecandediamide)
Ortho
9.4
Poly(4,4 '-methylenediphenylene dodecanediamide)
1.(392.54)
Ortho
11.10
II.
Ortho
III.
Ortho
Poly(methylene dodecanediamide) [1.12]
(240.35)
Mono
C2h-6
Poly(methylene glutaramide) [1.5]
(142.16)
Rho
D3-5
Poly(methylene malonamide) [1.3]
(114.10)
Hex
Poly(methylene pimelamide) [1.7]
(170.21)
Rho
D3-5
Poly(methylene sebacamide) [1.10]
(212.29)
Mono
C2h-6
6.84
4.79
20.2*
6.1
7 = 90
7 = 96.6
7 = 99.6
= 90
7 = 90
290
256/1443
259/1524
260/4024
266/1524
268/1537
TABLE 6. cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
Poly(methylene suberamide) [1.8]

(184.24)
Mono
C2h-6
Poly(nonamethylene azelamide) [9.9]
(310.48)
y
Phex
Poly(nonamethylene malonamide) [9.3]
(226.32)
Ortho
Poly(octamethylene azelamide) [8.9]
Y
Phex
(296.46)
Poly(octamethylene malonamide) [8.3]
(212.29)
Mono
Poly(octamethylene suberamide) [8.8]
(282.43)
Tri
Poly(octamethylene succinamide) [8.4]
(226.32)
Tri
Poly(octamethylene-L-tartaramide)
- , di-O-methyl(286.37)
Tri
Poly(octamethylene terephthalamide) [8.T]
(274.36)
Poly(pentamethylene azelamide) [5.9]
(254.37)
Poly(pentamethylene glutaramide) [5.5]
(198.26)
Mono
C2-3
Poly(pentamethylene malonamide) [5.3]
(170.21)
Ortho
Poly(pentamethylene pimelamide) [5.7]
y
Mono
Cs-2
(226.32)
Poly(pentamethylene terephthalamide) [5.T]
(232.28)
- , 2-methyl-(diamine)
(246.31)
Ortho
Poly(3,8-phenanthridinonediyl terephthalamide)
(355.35)
Mono
Poly(m-phenylene adipamide)
(218.26)
Poly(p-phenylene dodecanediamide)
(302.42)
Poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide)
(238.25)
Ortho
Tri
Cl-I
Tri
Cl-I
Ortho
- , hexamethylphosphorictriamide complex
(596.66)
Mono
(2 HMPT/monomer)
Poly(/?-phenylene phthalamide)
(238.25)
Ortho
D2h-14
Poly(p-phenylene pimelamide)
(232.28)
Poly(m-phenylene sebacamide)
(274.36)
Poly(/7-phenylene sebacamide)
(274.36)
8.08
4.79
25.2^
Angles
Crystal.
= 90
1.255
24.0
Amorph.a
Melting
point
(C)a
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q)
Refs.
276/1524
11*2/1
1522
177
189/2
165/339
20*1/1
110
1
8.32
4.71
32.70
65
1.173
8.50
4.71
30.70
/5=101.7
14*2/1
206/244
1.172
233/1524
1523
65
13*2/1
216/291
225/244
1523
65
4.9
5.4
17.3
51,77,62
1.20
254
14*1/1
1626
5.00
6.82
15.7
57,90,111
1.175
208
14*1/1
1629
17.9
335
16*1/1
828
19.5
179/291
16*1/1
8.30
4.79
13.8
8.47
4.62
22.40
4.83
9.35
16.62
= 90
= 58.9
1.200
198/291
247/1625
12*1/1
1624
1.290
195/402
248/1524
10*2/1
1523
1.169
228
183/291
14*1/1
1210
354
353/829
13*1/1
828
1.460
13*2/1
1529
1.50
16*1/1
1063
11*1/1
828
19*1/1
828
10*1/1
10*1/1
10*1/1
10*2/1
735
856
878
1062
14.1
4.61
36.7
26.5
8.1
6.5
17.2
16
7
= 60
11.8
344
296/402
21.2
6.7
5.27
5.36
5.1
4.71
5.25
5.36
5
11.0
11.3
11.3
23.2
112,111,88
113,113,88
1
1
1
2
1.14
1.470
1.443
1.34
9.43
16.94
11.3
/3-123.4
1.315
5.5
8.1
1.56
22.8
375/735
390/748
1.33
957
10*1/1
396
14.7
372
14*1/1
828
14.9
258
17*1/1
828
18.5
334
18*1/1
828
TABLE 6. cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
Poly(m-phenylene suberamide)
(246.31)
Poly(p-phenylene suberamide)
(246.31)
Poly(m-phenylene terephthalamide)
(238.25)
- , 4-methyl-(diamine)
(252.27)
Mono
Poly(/?-phenylene terephthalamide)
1.(238.25)
Port
Cs-I
Mono
Mono
C2h-5
Ortho
Mono
Port
Cs-2
Ortho
II.
Angles
Crystal.
Amorph.a
Melting
point
(C)a
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q)
Refs.
13.0
302
15*1/1
828
16.3
374
16*1/1
828
11*2/1
1398
12*1/1
12*1/1
12*1/1
12*1/1
12*1/1
12*1/1
12*1/1
761
1061
902
1525
1527
1620
1638
1526
958
1526
500/748
8.57
7.54
22.11
/3=116.3
1.308
7.87
7.728
7.80
7.78
7.79
7.88
7.60
5.18
5.184
5.19
5.28
5.18
5.22
5.04
4.8
5.1
4.8
12.9
12.81
12.9
12.9
12.89
12.9
12.78
12.7
12.9
12.7
7 = 90
7 = 90.04
7 = 90
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1.504
1.542
1.515
1.493
1.522
1.491
1.616
1.50
8.0
7 = 92.2
500/748
600/735
a = 88
12*1/1
a = 88
single crystals & spherulites

11.5
- , 2,2'-difluoro(274.23)
Port
8.6
5.0
Poly(/?-phenylene 2,5-thiophenediamide)
(272.46)
Mono
4.29
5.09
Poly(piperazine adipamide)
(196.25)
Poly( 1,4-piperazine 1,3-cyclobutylenedicarboximide)
- , 2,4-diphenyl-(diacid)
trans(346.43)
Ortho
8.74
5.93
Poly( 1,4-piperazine 4-octenediamide)
trans(222.29)
Mono
C2h-5
4.54
10.00
Poly(piperazine sebacamide)
(252.36)
Poly(2,5-pyrimidine terephthalamide)
(240.22)
Ortho
7.3
5.1
Poly(4,4 '-sulfonyldiphenylene terephthalamide)
(378.40)
Poly(terephthaloyldihydrazo-di(p-aminobenzoyl) terephthalamide)
(562.54)
Port
8.5
4.9
Poly(tetramethylene adipamide) [4.6]
(198.26)
Tri
Cl-I
4.95
5.47
Mono
9.6
8.26
Tri
4.9
5.5
Poly(tetramethylene
Y
(240.35)
Poly(tetramethylene
156.18*
Poly(tetramethylene
trans(224.30)
Poly(tetramethylene
(170.21)
1297
13.0
25.2
7 = 98
1.63
12*1/1
1528
1.489
11*2/1
1532
10*1/1
386
9*1/1
934
12*1/1
873
9.2
355
9.22
13.50
/?=110.2
1.204
1.283
12.8
4.62
Poly(tetramethylene-L-tartaramide)
- , di-O-methyl(230.26)
Tri
16*
12*1/1
15.45
29.69
14.66
14.7
14.8
20.40
1531
1203
48,78,64
7=115
46,78,64
1.51
1
4
1
1.245
1.246
1.29
/?= 102.5
295/291
308/51
350
41.6
319/1518
28*1/1
760
12*1/1
12*1/1
12*1/1
1516
1517
1655
223/339
253/402
1.303
17.0
succinamide) [4.4]
Tri
26.0/81
1.67
8.65
252/657
180/81
azelamide) [4.9]
Phex
malonamide) [4.3]
Mono
4-octenediamide)
65
277/1524
9*2/1
1523
294
14*1/1
657
4.9
5.5
12.3
49,77,62
1.29
d
287/402
10*1/1
1626
5.00
7.06
10.80
59,90,110
1.270
266
10*1/1
1629
Next Page
TABLE 6. cont'd
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
Poly(tridecamethylene tridecanediamide) [13.13]

y
Mono
(422.70)
Mono
Poly(m-xylylene adipamide)
(246.31)
Mono
Tri
Ci-I
Poly(/7-xylylene sebacamide)
(302.42)
Tri
a
b
9.22
4.88
4.94
4.73
34.47
34.0
5.10
12.01
4.70
4.83
15.2
29.8
5.74
4.87
20.6
Angles
Crystal.
Amorph."
/3=121.1
7=121
2
1
1.044
1.043
1.01
' = 69.6
75,26,65
1
2
76,55,65
Melting
point
( 0 C) a
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q)
Refs.
> 183
97.2
172/1521
28*1/1
28*1/1
1519
1520
1.198
1.250
246/326
244/544
13*1/1
13*2/1
84
459
1.168
300/290
281/385
291/454
268/291
18*1/1
204

TABLE 7.
POLY(ESTERS) ( - O - X - O - C O - Y - C O - or - O - X - C O - )
Density (g/cm3)

Polymer
Cryst
syst.
Space
group
Poly(4,4 '-bicyclohexylene sebacate)

- , trans-, trans(364.53)
Mono
11.16
smectic
Mono
11.98
Poly(4,4'-bicyclohexylene undecanedioate)
- , trans-, trans(378.55)
Mono
12.4
smectic
Mono
12.3
Poly(4,4 '-biphenylene 4,4'-biphenylenedicarboxylate)
(392.11)
Ortho
7.83
Poly(4,4 '-biphenylene terephthalate)
(316.31)
Ortho
7.20
Poly(3,4 '-carbonyldiphenylene terephthalate)
(344.32)
Ortho
C2v-17
12.51
Poly(l,3-cyclobutylene carbonate)
- , 2,2,4,4-tetramethyltrans(170.21)
Tri
9.25
cisOrtho
9.16
Poly(l,4-cyclohexylene adipate)
trans(226.27)
PoIy(1,4-cyclohexylenedimethylene adipate)
transI.
Mono
C2h-5
6.938
(254.33)
cis-
Amorph.a
Melting
point
( 0 C) 0
Heat of
fusion
kj/mola
Chain
conform.
(n*p/q)
Refs.
Angles
Crystal.
5.27
5.48
19.48
19.76
/3 = 49.0
/3 = 52.5
2
2
1.400
1.176
20*1/1
20*1/1
1636
1636
5.21
5.55
23.0
20.6
/3 = 43.5
/3 = 51.4
2
2
1.229
1.144
21*1/1
21*1/1
1636
1636
5.50
20.66
1.464
20*1/1
1622
16*
1622
16*4/1
1562
5.23
7.561
67.66
8.28
(6.9)
8.22
12.9
16
= 96.5
4
1.4292
1.08
360
6*1/1
364
1.164
253
6*2/1
364
225/762
12*1/1
763
124/547
14*1/1
1262
12*1/1
1193
13.5
9.761
15.97
/3 = 41.4
1.181
55/547
PoIy(1,4-cyclohexylenedimethylene succinate)
trans(226.27)
Mono
C2h-5
cis-
6.486
9.482
13.51
/3 = 45.9
1.259
147/547
62/547
Poly(1,4-cyclohexylenedimethylene terephthalate)
trans(274.32)
Tri
Tri
Ci-I
cisTri
6.37
6.46
6.63
6.65
14.2
14.2
89,47,114
89,47,115
1
1
1.266
1.260
318/547
14*1/1
14*1/1
199
1077
6.02
6.01
13.7
89,53,112
1.319
256/547
14*1/1
199
S E C T I O N
V I I
P R O P E R T I E S
V i s c o s i t y
a n d
o f
M o l e c u l a r
W e i g h t
U n p e r t u r b e d
L i n e a r
C h a i n
R e l a t i o n s h i p s
D i m e n s i o n s
M o l e c u l e s
M . Kurata, Y. T s u n a s h i m a
Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
A. Introduction
1. The Viscosity - Molecular Weight
Relationship
2. Unperturbed Dimensions of Linear
Chain Molecules
B. Effect of Molecular Weight Distribution
on the Viscosity Constant K
C. Tables of Viscosity - Molecular Weight
Relationships, [77] - KM3
Table 1. Main-Chain Acyclic Carbon
Polymers
1.1. Poly(dienes)
1.2. Poly(alkenes), Poly(acetylenes)
1.3. Poly(acrylic acid) and
Derivatives
1.4. Poly(oc-substituted acrylic acid)
and Derivatives
1.5. Poly(vinyl ethers)
1.6. Poly(vinyl alcohol),
Poly(vinyl halides)
1.7. Poly(vinyI esters)
1.8. Poly(styrene) and Derivatives
1.9. Other Compounds
1.10. Copolymers
3.1. Poly(oxides), Poly(ethers)
3.2. Poly(esters), Poly(carbonates)
3.3. Poly(amides)
3.4. Poly(amino acids)
3.5. Poly(ureas), Poly(urethanes),
Poly(imines)
3.6. Poly(sulfides)
3.7. Poly(phosphates)
3.8. Poly(siloxanes),
Poly(silsesquioxanes)
3.9. Poly(heterocyclics)
VII-2
VII-2
VII-4
VII-5
VII-5
VII-5
VII-5
VII-7
VII-10
VU-13
VII-17
VII-17
VII-18
VII-19
VII-24
VII-27
VII-31
VII-32
VII-32
VII-34
VII-36
VII-38
VII-39
VII-39
VII-39
VII-40
VII-41
3.10. Copolymers (Maleic

Anhydride, Sulfones)
Table 4. Cellulose and Derivatives,
Poly(saccharides)
Table 5. Miscellaneous
D. Calculated Unperturbed Dimensions of
Freely Rotating Chains
E. Unperturbed Dimensions of Linear Polymer
Molecules
Polymers
6.1. Poly(dienes)
6.2. Poly(alkenes), Poly(acetylenes)
Derivatives
6.4. Poly(a-substituted acrylic acid)
and Derivatives
6.5. Poly(vinyl ethers), Poly(vinyl
alcohol), Poly(vinyl esters),
Poly(vinyl halides)
6.6. Poly(styrene) and Derivatives
6.8. Copolymers
8.1. Poly(oxides), Poly(ethers)
8.2. Poly(esters), Poly(carbonates)
8.3. Poly(amides)
8.5. Poly(urethanes)
8.6. Poly(sulfides)
8.7. Poly(phosphates)
8.8. Poly(si loxanes),
Poly(silsesquioxanes),
Poly(silmethylenes)
8.9. Poly(heterocyclics)
VII-42
VII-42
VII-43
VII-46
VII-46
VII-47
VII-47
VII-47
VII-48
VII-49
VH-50
VII-53
VII-54
VII-56
VII-58
VII-60
VII-60
VII-60
VII-61
VII-63
VII-63
VII-63
VII-63
VII-64
VII-64
VII-64
8.10. Copolymers (Maleic

Anhydride, Sulfones,
Siloxanes)
Table 9. Cellulose and Derivatives,
Poly(saccharides)
F. References
VII-65
VII-66
VII-66
VII-68
A.
INTRODUCTION
1.
The Viscosity - Molecular Weight Relationship
The limiting viscosity number [77] of a solution - which has

long been called the intrinsic viscosity - is defined as
(Al)
in terms of the solvent viscosity, 770, the solution viscosity,
77, and the solute concentration, c. The concentration, c, is
expressed in grams of solute per milliliter of solution or,
more frequently, in grams of solute per 100 milliliters of
solution, the limiting viscosity number being given in the
reciprocal of these units, i.e., in milliliters per gram or in
deciliters per gram. Here, following the IUPAC 1952recommendations (1), we adopt the former unit. The
quantity [77] of a polymer solution is a measure of the
capacity of a polymer molecule to enhance the viscosity,
which depends on the size and the shape of the polymer
molecule. Within a given series of polymer homologs, [77]
increases with the molecular weight M; hence it is a
measure of M.
Section C gives the limiting viscosity number molecular weight relationships for polymers, in various
solvents and at various temperatures. The table contains the
constants of the equation
(A2)
which is known as the Mark-Houwink-Sakurada equation.
It is now well established that for linear, flexible polymers,
under special conditions of temperature or solvent, (usually
known as the Flory "theta" temperature or solvent, (2)), the
above equation becomes
(A3)
In the tables, the 6 sign in parenthesis (next to the
temperature data) indicates that the viscosity constants were
obtained under the theta condition. Since Eq. (A3) is
approximately valid over the whole molecular weight
range, Kg and a 0.50 may be used without modification,
outside of the molecular weight range in which they were
determined. However, it must be noted that [77] is rather
sensitive to temperature in the vicinity of 9, especially when
M is higher than 5 x 105.
In ordinary good solvents, the constants K and a
obtained are valid only within a rather limited range of M
(3,4). It is therefore, quite probable that the tabulated

relationships are in error outside the indicated range of M
(see eighth column in the table). As for the effect of
temperature, however, both K and a mostly become insensitive to the temperature when a exceeds about 0.70, and
they may be used in a 10-degree range on either side of
temperature at which the constants were determined.
The method of determination of the molecular weight
and the number of fractionated samples (Fr.) or whole
polymer samples (WP) used to determine the [77]-M
relationship are also given in the ninth and the sixth or
seventh columns, respectively. The abbreviations used are
as follows:
(A) Methods Yielding the Number-Average Molecular
Weight (Mn)
CR
cryoscopy
EG
end-group titration
VOS
vapor pressure osmometry
EB
ebullioscopy
OS
osmotic pressure
(B) Methods Yielding the Weight-Average Molecular
Weight (Af w )
LS
light scattering
LLS
low-angle laser light scattering
SE
sedimentation equilibrium
SEC, GPC size exclusion chromatography
gel permeation chromatography
SA
approach to the sedimentation equilibrium
(Archibald's method)
(C) Empirical or Semi-Empirical Methods
EM
electron microscopy
GPC
gel permeation chromatography
LV
limiting viscosity number - molecular weight
relationship
PR
analysis of polymerization rate (yielding M n )
DV
diffusion and viscosity
MV
melt viscosity - molecular weight relationship
SD
sedimentation and diffusion
SV
sedimentation and viscosity
Thus, for example, the constants tabulated are for the [77]M relationships, expressed in terms of Mn or Mw, if the
method is specified as OS or LS, respectively; Le.,
(A4)
or
(A5)
The values OfATn and Kw, especially the former, are greatly
influenced by the molecular weight distribution (MWD) of
the polymer samples, and caution must be taken in using
these relationships.
To illustrate this effect, let us assume that

(i) Equation (A2) is applicable to the molecule i with
molecular weight M, over the whole range of M; Le.,
(A6)
(ii) The weight fraction w,- of the molecules i in a given
sample can be represented by a continuous exponential
function,
(A7)
(A8)
or by the log-normal function,
(A9)
where h, A, p, and Mo are constants, and T represents the
gamma function.
Then, since [77] = ^ 1 - Wify]^ we obtain
(AlO)
(AU)
for the exponential MWD, and
Based on the above consideration, we classify the

heterogeneity of polymers into four classes, A-D, as shown
in the last column of the table in Section B, and indicate it
in the tenth column of the tables in Section C, as a measure
of the heterogeneity of the reference samples used.
It is desirable that readers select their own relationship
by inspecting these data on heterogeneity as well as those
on the number of samples and the molecular weight range.
Generally speaking, a "good" [?7]-M relationship is one
that has been obtained on the basis of Mw for at least four
samples of classes A and B (exceptionally C) or on the
basis of Mn for those of class A (exceptionally B), whose
molecular weights range over at least one half orders of
magnitude.
In the "Remarks" column of Section C, we have
occasionally indicated by the letter R, a "recommended"
relationship for the convenience of readers. In the range
of low molecular weight (mostly less than 104), the
constant a becomes 0.50 irrespective of the solvent. This
type of relationship cannot be used, even approximately, at
higher molecular weights. This case is noted by the letter L.
High conversion polymers are also marked by the letter H,
where the [rj]-M relationships are less reproducible due to
chain branching than are ordinary ones. The abbreviations
used are as follows:
A
(A12)
(A13)
for the log-normal MWD (5). The values of Kn/K and
Kw IK calculated by these equations are shown in Section
B. This table may be used for estimating an error due to
MWD in the determination of M.
As an example, let us assume that a given polymer
sample has the exponential MWD with Mw/Mn = 2.0,
while an available [77]-Mn equation has been obtained for
samples with a narrow MWD, e.g., M^fMn = 1.1. Further,
let a be 0.70. Then, to find the correct value of Mn of the
given sample from [77], we must use Eq. (A4) with
Kn = 1.54K9 instead of the available equation with ^ n =
1.06AT. Use of the latter would lead to an overestimate Mn
which is related to the correct Mn by
(A14)
The error amounts to about 70%, i.e., Mn = 1.7Mn. Thus,
application of the viscosity equation written in Mn is to be
restricted to within a narrow class of samples, unless an
appropriate correction is made. On the other hand, if an
[77]-Mw equation is available for the same pair of working
and reference samples as above, we have
(A15)
instead of Eq. (A14). Hence, the error Mw amounts to only
6% (M^ = 0.94Mw), which will be negligible for more
practical purposes.
B
C
D
H
L
R
Narrow MWD polymers, or well-fractionated

polymers, Mw/Mn < 1.25
Ordinary fractionated polymers,
1.30 <M W /M n < 1.75
Poorly fractionated polymers or most probable
MWD polymers, 1.8 < Mw/Mn < 2.4
Wide MWD polymers, M^jMn > 2.5
High conversion polymers, including branches
Limited to low-molecular-weight polymers
Recommended relationship
In Section C, polymers are arranged according to their

structure in subgroups. Within each subgroup, the polymers
are, in principle, given in alphabetical order. Within each
polymer, the solvents are also arranged in alphabetical
order, followed by the mixed solvents.
Chain configurational data are occasionally given in the
first column. The data given in parentheses refer to only one
set of viscosity constants listed in the same row, while the
data given without parentheses refer to a series of sets listed
in the same and succeeding rows. Thus, for example, the
data "N content, 13.9 wt.%" are effective only for the sixth
row of cellulose trinitrate, and the data "95%-cw, 1%-trans,
4%-l,2" are effective for the fourth to eighth rows of
polybutadiene.
The tables in Section C are essentially based on the table
published by Kurata and Stockmeyer (3). Data were also
taken from tables published by Peterlin (7), Meyerhoff (8),
Elias (9), and Krause (10), the last one including a number
of unpublished data on acrylic and methacrylic polymers.
We are also grateful to these authors. Thanks are also due to
J. Brandrup and K. Kamide for their help with this
compilation.
References page VII - 68
2.
Unperturbed Dimensions of Linear Chain Molecules
The mean-square end-to-end distance (r2) of a linear chain

molecule in solution is usually expressed in terms of two
basic quantities, the unperturbed mean-square end-to-end
distance {r2)0 and the expansion factor a; i.e.,
(A16)
The latter quantity a represents the effect of "long-range
interactions" which can be described as an osmotic
swelling of the chain by the solvent-polymer interactions,
while the unperturbed dimension (r 2 ) 0 represents the effect
of "short-range interactions" such as bond angle restrictions and steric hindrances to internal rotation. The steric
hindrances are also influenced by the torques exerted on the
chain by solvent molecules, but the effect is rather small in
many cases (11).
For sufficiently long chain, (r 2 } 0 becomes proportional
to ]T\ mlJ where Yi1 is the number of the jth-kind bond of
length //. The quantity C00, defined by
(A17)
is often called the characteristic ratio and it serves as a
measure of the effect of short-range interactions.
The freely rotating state is a hypothetical state of
the chain in which the bond angle restrictions are
retained, but the steric hindrances to internal rotation are
released. The mean-square end-to-end distance of the
freely rotating chain (r 2 ) 0f can be readily calculated from
the given basic structure of the chain. For instance, if the
chain consists of only one kind of bond of length /, we
obtain
(A18)
where n is the number of bonds and 6 is the supplement of
the valence bond angle. For vinyl polymer chains, / =
0.154 [nm], cos (9 = 1/3, and n = M/m = 2M/MU; and
hence
and temperature. The values of ro/M1/'2, rof/M1/2, a and

C00 are given, together with the experimental values of
Soz/M^2, ap, or Ko from which ro was computed. S0Z
which is the abbreviation of (S2) ^ 2 is the z-average value
of the unperturbed radius of gyration, ap is the persistence
length, and Ko is the viscosity constant corresponding to KQ
in Eq. (A3). The methods used to determine these quantities
are also indicated in the tenth column of the tables by using
the following abbreviations:
(A) Light scattering
LT
Zimm's plot in a theta solvent yielding
Soz/Mlj2. After a heterogeneity correction
is made, the tabulated value of
ro/M'/2^61/25Ow/My2)
is obtained.
LD dissymmetry method in a theta solvent. Less
reliable for heterogeneous samples than the
former method.
LG Zimm's plot in good solvents yielding
Sz/MI/2. After corrections for the excluded
volume effect and heterogeneity are made,
the tabulated value of ro/M 1 / 2 is obtained
(3,12).
(B) X-ray small-angle scattering
XS
the persistence length ap is obtained
irrespective of the solvent nature. The
tabulated values of ro/M1^2 are the
asymptotic values for infinitely high
molecular weight (13,14).
(C) Limiting viscosity number
VT viscosity - molecular weight relationship
in a theta solvent. Equation (A3)
ro/M 1 / 2 is calculated by the Flory
and Fox relation, K0 ^
ô{ro/M^2)\
The following values of <Po were used:
2.7 x 1023 for well-fractionated polymers
(class A in Section C)
2.5 x 1023 for ordinary fractionated
polymers (class B)
(A19)
where Mu is the molecular weight of the repeating unit and
m is the average molecular weight per skeletal link. Similar
expressions for r^ (~ (r2)of ) c a n ^ e a * so obtained for
more complicated chains. The results are summarized in
Section D.
The ratio of (r2)0 to (r 2 ) 0f , then, represents the effect of
steric hindrance on the average chain dimensions:
(A20)
The quantity a is independent of n. Section E gives a list of
the unperturbed dimensions of linear chain molecules
which were obtained under various conditions of solvent
2.1 x 1023 for poorly fractionated or

unfractionated polymers (class
C or D)
VG
viscosity - molecular weight relationship in

good solvents. Ko was estimated by using
the Kurata-Stockmeyer-Fixman plot (3,4)
or other analogous plots (12).
VWC viscosity analyzed by the wormlike cylinder
model.
VA viscosity in good solvents. The correction of
excluded volume effect is made by using the
Flory -Krigbaum-Orofino theory of the
second virial coefficient A 2 or other analogous theories (12).
LT or XS. The listed values of ro/M1/2 sometimes

scatter appreciably, reflecting the difficulty involved, both
experimental and theoretical, in the determination of
this quantity. Especially in the case of cellulose chains,
the right magnitude of ro is yet in controversy (542,
549,3,691,696,688,678,686,12). In recent papers, emphasis
has often been put on the effect of temperature or solvent on
the unperturbed dimensions. These data are put together
at the end of the tabulation for each polymer. Section E
is also based on the tables published by Kurata and
Stockmeyer (3).
(D) Method yielding the temperature dependence of roST

stress - temperature coefficient of undiluted
or swollen samples.
VTe viscosity - temperature coefficient of the
intrinsic viscosity
The polymers are arranged in Section E in the same order
as in Section C. For each polymer, smoothed values of
ro/M 1 / 2 , a, and C00, which were mostly obtained by VT
or VG, are given in the first line, followed by some
typical values obtained by more direct methods such as
B. EFFECT OF MOLECULAR WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION ON THE VISCOSITY CONSTANT K

a = 0.5
My1JMn
KjK
a=0.6
Ky1IK
KJK
a^0.7
Ky,/K
KJK
a = 0.8
Ky1IK
KjK
a = 0.9
K^/K
KjK
a = 1.0
Ky1)K KJK
K^/K
Class
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
30
4.87
15
3.46
10
2.83
5
2.03
3
1.60
2
1.33
1.75
1.25
1.50
1.18
1.25
1.09
1.10
1.04
DISTRIBUTION: EXPONENTIAL TYPE (Eq.

0.890
6.91
0.897
9.85
0.893
4.57
0.900
6.08
0.896
3.59
0.903
4.59
0.907
2.40
0.913
2.85
0.921
1.79
0.926
2.02
0.940
1.43
0.943
1.54
0.948
1.33
0.951
1.42
0.959
1.23
0.961
1.28
0.975
1.12
0.977
1.15
0.989
1.05
0.989
1.06
(A7))
0.911
0.914
0.917
0.925
0.936
0.951
0.958
0.967
0.980
0.991
14.18
8.16
5.91
3.42
2.29
1.68
1.51
1.35
1.18
1.07
0.933
0.935
0.937
0.943
0.952
0.963
0.968
0.975
0.985
0.993
20.56
11.02
7.67
4.12
2.62
1.83
1.63
1.42
1.21
1.09
0.963
0.964
0.965
0.968
0.973
0.979
0.982
0.986
0.991
0.996
30
15
10
5
3
2
1.75
1.50
1.25
1.10
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
D
D
D
D
D
C
B
B
A
A
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
30
3.58
15
2.76
10
2.37
5
1.83
3
1.51
2
1.30
1.75
1.23
1.50
1.16
1.25
1.09
1.10
1.04
DISTRIBUTION: NORMAL TYPE (Eq. (A9))

0.654
5.12
0.665
7.57
0.713
3.67
0.723
5.01
0.750
3.02
0.759
3.94
0.818
2.17
0.824
2.61
0.872
1.69
0.877
1.92
0.917
1.39
0.920
1.51
0.932
1.31
0.935
1.40
0.951
1.21
0.953
1.27
0.973
1.11
0.974
1.14
0.988
1.05
0.989
1.06
0.700
0.753
0.785
0.845
0.891
0.930
0.943
0.958
0.977
0.990
11.58
7.03
5.25
3.19
2.21
1.65
1.50
1.34
1.17
1.07
0.762
0.805
0.832
0.879
0.916
0.946
0.956
0.968
0.982
0.992
18.32
10.13
7.16
3.96
2.56
1.81
1.61
1.41
1.21
1.08
0.858
0.885
0.902
0.930
0.952
0.969
0.975
0.982
0.990
0.996
30
15
10
5
3
2
1.75
1.50
1.25
1.10
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
D
D
D
D
D
C
B
B
A
A
C.
TABLES O F VISCOSITY - M O L E C U L A R W E I G H T RELATIONSHIPS, [if] = KM*

No. of samples
Polymer
Solvent
Temp.
( 0 C)
K(xlO3)
(ml/g)
Fr.
W.P.
MoL wt.
range
(xlO~4)
Method(s)
Remarks
Refs.
2.1-23.2
2.1-23.2
3.8-6.1
5-50
5-50
5-50
15-50
15-50
15-35
LG
LG
LG
OS
OS
OS
LS
LS
LS
B-C
B-C
B-C
A,R
A
A
A
A
B
889
889
889
15
15
15
16
16
17
1.1. POLY(DIENES)
Poly(butadiene)
linear
ring
98%-cij, 2%-l,2
95%-cis, \%-trcms, 4%-l,2
Dioxane
Toluene
Toluene
Benzene
Isobutyl acetate
Toluene
Benzene
Cyclohexane
5-Methyl-2-hexanone
12.1
35
35
30(0)
20.5
30
30
30
12.6(6)
139
16.9
11.8-10.6
33.7
185
30.5
8.5
11.2
150
0.52
0.765
0.765
0.715
0.50
0.725
0.78
0.75
0.50
4
6
3
9
6
9
4
4
4
TABLE 1. cont'd
No. of samples
Polymer
Solvent
3-Pentanone
Toluene
94%-cw, 4%-trans, 2%-l,2
Benzene
Dioxane
92%-cis, 3%-trans, 5%-l,2
Benzene
51%-trans, 43%-cis, 6%-l,2 Toluene
51%-trans, 36%-cis, 7%-l,2 Tetrahydrofiiran
11%-trans, 4%-cis, 25%-l,2
Cyclohexane
19%-trans, 21%-cis
Cyclohexane
97%-frans, 3%-1,2
Cyclohexane
Toluene
ca. 100%-cw
Benzene
Heptane/hexane
(1/1, v/v)
65%-l,2, 25%-trans, 10%-cw Toluene
5C-emulsion, randomly
3-Pentanone
branched
50C-emulsion, randomly
Benzene
branched
Poly(butadiene-c0-acrylonitrile), Buna-N rubber
Acetone
Benzene
Chloroform
Toluene
Poly(butadiene-co-styrene), Buna-S, GR-S, or SBR rubber
Benzene
Cyclohexane
2-Pentanone
Toluene
linear fraction
Toluene
branched fraction
Toluene
Poly( 1 -butenylene-co- vinylethylene)
43%-l,2
1,4-Dioxane
Tetrahydrofuran
Poly(2-terf-butylbutadiene)
Benzene
Octane
Poly(chloroprene)
NeopreneCG
Benzene
NeopreneGN
Benzene
NeopreneW
Benzene
type, unspecified
Poly(isoprene)
natural rubber
synthetic cis
85-91%-cw
Butanone
Butyl acetate
Cyclohexane
Toluene
Benzene
Cyclohexane
2-Pentanone
Toluene
Hexane
Toluene
Toluene
Heptane/propanol
(78/22, v/v)
X(xlO3)
(ml/g)
Temp.
(0C)
10.3(0)
30
25
20.2(0)
32
30
30
25
20
40
30
32
20
152
33.9
41.4
205
10
39
25.6
12
36
28.2
29.4
14.5
138
25
24(9)
5(0)
a
0.50
0.688
0.70
0.50
0.77
0.713
0.74
0.77
0.70
0.70
0.753
0.76
0.53
110
0.62
M2^[rj\ = 7.15 + 3.47M
Fr.
W.R
MoI. wt.
range
(xlO4)
4
8
8
8
13
6
2
8
12
7
6
8
5
10-25
10-65
9-120
9-120
10-160
11-25
1-57
230-880
23-130
4-17
5-16
18-50
?
LS
OS
OS
OS
LS
OS
LS
LS
LS
LS
OS
LS
SD
B
A
A
A
B,R
A
A
C
B,R
B
A
A
A
17
18
19
19
20
21
733
22
23
24
25
26
27
8
10
7-70
10-100
OS
OS
B
C
28
29
5-124
OS
29
B
B
B
B
28
28
28
28
M2I*[rj]4/3 = 4.61 +0.3287M 16
25
25
25
25
Method(s)
Remarks
Refs.
50
13
54
49
0.64
0.55
0.68
0.64
5
5
5
7
2.5-10
2.5-10
2.5-10
2.5-40
OS
OS
OS
OS
25
25
30
21 (0)
25
30
30
30
30
52.5
54
31.6
185
52.5
16.5
37.9
21.4
535
0.66
0.66
0.70
0.50
0.667
0.78
0.71
0.74
0.48
24
8
6
6
25
6
15
20
9
-
1-160
1-165
5-25
5-25
2.5-50
3-35
5-25
3-20
20-100
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
A
AJR
B
45
46
47
47
28
48
47
41
41
15.7 (0)
30
21
21
173
32.3
4.2
4.2
0.50
0.72
0.80
0.80
6
6
-
8
7
0.88-22
0.88-22
6-90
6-35
LLS, SEC, OS
LLS, SEC, OS
SD
SD
A
A
A
A
890
890
30
30
25
25
25
25
25(0)
25
25
45.5 (0)
25
2.02
14.6
15.5
15.5
113
37.8
22.1
107
50
0.89
0.73
0.71
0.72
0.50
0.62
0.69
0.50
0.615
10
16
8
9
7
7
7
7
13
6-150
2-96
5-100
5-80
15-300
15-300
15-300
15-70
4-120
OS
OS
OS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
OS
B
B
B
B,R
A
A
A
B
B
31
32
33
34
35
35
35
34
28
30
27
35
14.5(0)
25
35
20
30
30
30
30
30
18.5
30
60.7
119
50.2
17.4
68.4
8.51
20.0
15
22.2
37
0.74
0.70
0.57
0.50
0.667
0.74
0.58
0.77
0.728
0.74
0.683
0.63
4
1
20
4
-
5
5
-
12
16
8
6
8-28
ca. 185
5-100
8-28
7-100
5-100
5-80
20-100
14-580
2-15
23-580
43-580
OS
LS, SD
LS
OS
OS
LS
SD
LS
LS
PR
LS
LS
C
C
B
C
B,R
B
A
A
A,R
A
A
A
37
38
698
37
39
698
40
41
42
43
42
42
B
A
A
B
TABLE 1. cont'd
No. of samples
Polymer
84%-m, 14%-trans, 2%~1,2
71%-m, 22%-trans, 7%-3,4
guttapercha
synthetic trans
synthetic trans (98%)
98% \A-trans
70% CW-1,4, 23% trans-1,4

7% 3,4
76% cis-1,4, 19% trans-1,4
5% 3,4
star type
70% cis-1,4, 23% trans-1,4
7% 3,4
(mol. wt. of arm = various)
3 arm
4 arm
8 arm
Solvent
Benzene
Temp.
(0C)
Dioxane
Cyclohexane
Dioxane
Toluene
Benzene
Dioxane
Propyl acetate
Benzene
Benzene
Cyclohexane
Hexane
Toluene
Benzene
Cyclohexane
7. Hexane
Toluene
Cyclohexane
25
25
34(9)
35
35
35
35
25
47.7 (0)
60 (0)
32
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
25
Cyclohexane
25
/ST(XlO3)
(ml/g)
Fr.
W.P.
MoI. wt.
range
(xlO~4)
Method(s)
Remarks
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
B
B
B
A
A
A
A
A,R
A
C
C
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
A
44
44
44
786
786
786
786
19
19
37
26
699
699
699
699
887
887
887
887
891
Refs.
13.3
11.2
145
20.2
94
76
17.5
35.5
191
232
43.7
18.1
16.2
13.8
17.6
18.1
16.2
13.8
17.6
20.5
0.78
0.78
0.50
0.73
0.53
0.56
0.74
0.71
0.50
0.50
0.65
0.722
0.736
0.711
0.729
0.722
0.736
0.711
0.729
0.730
20
25
30
5
5
5
5
9
9
24
~
3
-
8
7
6
8
7
5
11
2-80
2-60
2-50
2-32
2-32
2-32
2-32
0.2-5
0.2-5
10-20
8-140
14-77
14-77
14-77
14-77
14-69
16-130
16-105
14-77
1.5-342
18.0
0.74
33-724
LS
892
0.757
0.753
0.493
0.726
0.501
0.741
0.502
0.764
0.722
0.736
0.711
0.729
~
6
6
6
4
14-70
14-70
14-70
14-70
LS
LS
L
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
B
B
B
B
893
893
893
893
893
893
893
893
894
894
894
894
0.68
0.63
0.57
0.73
0.60
0.65
0.55
0.72
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
3-54
3-54
3-54
3-54
3-48
3-48
3-48
3-48
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
786
786
786
786
786
786
786
786
0.50
0.77
7
7
1.3-27
1.3-27
LLS, SEC, OS
LLS, SEC, OS
A
A
890
890
0.52
0.75
0.66
8
8
11
1.1-14
1.1-14
25-130
LLS, SEC, OS
LLS, SEC, OS
LS
A
A
890
890
36
1.04
0.61
0.52
0.76
0.50
0.72
12
10
6
6
3
U
2-18
4-700
2.7-55
2.7-55
10-130
0.03-0.5
LS
LS
LLS9SEC
LLS5SEC
LS
EG
B
B
A
A
C
B,L
86
87
896
896
81
82
Cyclohexane
25
12.5
Cyclohexane
25
11.6
1,4-Dioxane
34
75.5
Toluene
34
9.47
12 arm
1,4-Dioxane
34
53.9
Toluene
34
5.70
16 arm
1,4-Dioxane
34
37.4
Toluene
34
3.04
trans 1,4
Benzene
30
18.1
Cyclohexane
30
16.2
Hexane
30
13.8
Toluene
30
17.6
Poly(isoprene)-/?/0c-poly(styrene), A*-B
k/n, (50/50, w/w)
Cyclohexane
35
21.8
Dioxane
35
32.6
35
53.1
Toluene
35
14.6
k/n, (25/75, w/w)
Cyclohexane
35
39.3
Dioxane
35
24.8
35
62.8
Toluene
35
14.3
Poly(isopropenylethylene-co-l-methyl-l-vinylethylene)20-25%-l,2,70-75%-3,4
2-Octanol
30.5(0)
102
Tetrahydrofuran
30
11.6
Poly( 1 -methyl-1 -butylene-a?-isopropenylethylene) 51 %-1,4,49%-3,4
2-Octanol
41.3
78
Tetrahydrofuran
30
14.6
Poly(l,l,2-trichlorobutadiene)
Benzene
25
31.6
1.2. POLY(ALKENES), POLY(ACETYLENES)

Poly(alkene)C l0 -C l8
Poly(alkene) C 1 2 -C 1 8
Poly(l-butene)
atactic
Toluene
Cetane
2-Octanol
Tetrahydrofuran
Anisole
Benzene
25
38
23.6
25
86.2(0)
30
12.7
21
60.5
8.24
123
22.4
TABLE 1. cont'd
No. of samples
Polymer
isotactic
Solvent
Ethylcyclohexane
Phenyl ether
Anisole
Decalin
Ethylcyclohexane
Heptane
Nonane
Phenetole
Phenyl ether
1,2,4,-Trichlorobenzene
Cyclohexane/propanol
(80/20, v/v)
(70/30, v/v)
(65/35, v/v)
Poly(ethylene)
low pressure
Biphenyl
1-Chloronaphthalene
Decalin
Decanol
Diphenyl ether
Diphenylmethane
Dodecanol
Octanol
Tetralin
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
3,5,5-Trimethylhexyl
acetate
p-Xylene
Temp.
(0C)
70
141 (0)
89(0)
115
70
35
60
80
64.5(0)
148(0)
135
35
35
35
127.5 (0)
130(0)
125
125
125
129
135
135
135
135
135
153.3(0)
161.4(0)
142.2(0)
137.3(0)
138(0)
144.5
180.1 (0)
105
120
120
130
130
130
135
135
135
121
AT(XlO3)
(ml/g)
Fr.
W.P.
MoI. wt.
range
(xlO" 4 )
Method(s)
Remarks
Refs.
C
A
B
81
700
700
83
81
83
83
81
700
700
701
7.34
104
111
9.49
7.34
4.73
15.0
5.85
113
103
H.8
0.80
0.50
0.50
0.73
0.80
0.80
0.69
0.80
0.50
0.50
0.729
5
5
5
6
4
6
6
4
5
5
4-130
2-66
4-57
4.5-90
8-94
4.5-90
4.5-90
11-94
4-57
4-57
LS
OS
OS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
OS
OS
GPC
102
253
497
0.59
0.51
0.44
6
6
6
3-73
3-73
3-73
LS
LS
LS
B-C
B-C
B-C
702
702
702
323
302
138
18.4
43
27.1
67.7
46
62
58.5
62
302
295
315
307
316
0.50
0.50
0.58
0.78
0.67
0.71
0.67
0.73
0.70
0.725
0.70
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.61
0.50
0.83
0.78
0.77
0.76
0.725
0.72
0.64
0.706
0.691
0.55
4
5
?
10
10
26
~
23
7
9
7
?
6
?
5
6
?
4
36
20
6
9
4
19
4
6
2-30
5.7-27
?
5-100
5-100
5-100
3-100
3-64
2-105
0.4-50
3-120
2-105
2-105
2-105
2-105
8-32
0.8-59
2-105
13-57
5-100
0.3-50
2-30
0.4-50
8-17
3-45
0.8-123
1-59
LV
LS, GPC
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
OS
GPC7LS
LV
LS
LV
LV
LS
LS
LV
LS
LS
LS
OS
OS
LS
LS
GPC, LS
GPC
LS
58
703
59
60
61
62
63
64
65,66
67,68
704
58
65
58
58
69
705
58
70
60
71
71
72
73
706
704
701
705
0.83
0.83
0.725
4
8
?
13-50
1-18
0.4-50
LS
OS
LV
C
C
B,R
70
74
75
(0.65)
0.738
0.63
0.63
9
8
7
-
22
7
LS
OS
OS
OS
CR
D
B
D
D
A
76
77
78
79
80
0.71
54-116
LS
898
0.51
0.64
0.502
0.543
0.523
0.522
6
6
6
6
6
6
0.92-23
0.92-23
2.8-39
2.8-39
2.8-39
2.8-39
LLS, SEC, OS
LLS, SEC5 OS
LS
LS
LS
LS
A
A
A
A
A
A
890
890
897
897
897
897
286
16.2
23.6
32.6
43.5
51
37.8
95.4
51
51.6
105
16.5
105
17.6
105
51
Paraffin wax (Afn = 390 10)
150
(42)
high pressure
Decalin
70
38.73
p-Xylene
75
135
81
105
(normal paraffin)
20 [77] = - 1 . 1 4 + 0.104 M
Poly(ethylene-a/Metrafluoroethylene)
Diisobutyl adipate
240
2.3
Poly(ethylene-co-isopropylethylene)
n-Hexyl acetate
65
171
Tetrahydrofuran
30
71.3
Poly(ethylene-ctf-propylene)
Benzene
19.0
201
214
136
n-Decyl acetate
5.0
162
n-Heptyl acetate
38.0
156
~
?
> 10
8
10
-
0.04-11
0.2-3.5
0.2-7.6
1-10
0.024-0.048
A
B
B
?
C,D
D
D
B,R
B
B
B
B
B
B
F
B
C
B
B
B,R
D
A
B
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
Poiy(ethylene-co-propylene-c<?-diene), EPDM rubber

Cyclohexane
Poly(isobutene)
Anisole
Benzene
Benzene
40
105(0)
24(0)
25
30
40
60
25
30
25
10
20
30
40
50
25
30
30
25
25
20
25
25
10
20
30
40
50
86(0)
0
15
25
30
50
60
90
25(0)
lsoamyl isovalerate
25(0)
Benzene
Toluene
22.8(0)
25
55.5(0)
25
30
60.9
30
Benzene
Chloroform
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
Decalin
Diisobutylene
n-Heptane
Isooctane
Phenetole
Toluene
oligomer-polymer
Poly(isobutene-co-isoprene),
butyl rubber
Poly(methylbutylene)
Temp.
(0C)
-Hexyl acetate
Tetrahydrofuran
Poly (isopropy lethy lene-co-1 -methyl-1 -ethylethylene)
2-Octanol
Tetrahydrofuran
Poly(3-methyl-l-butene)
Diisobutylene
Poly( 1 -methy lbutylene-c<?-isopropylethy lene)
2-Octanol
Tetrahydrofuran
Biphenyl
Decalin
Diphenyl ether
Diphenylmethane
Poly(l-octene)
Bromobenzene
Cyclohexane
Phenetole
26.2
30
20
53.3
30
194.6(0)
130
210.0(0)
176.6(0)
25
30
50.4(0)
(ml/g)
53.1
91
107
83
61
43
26
100
29
71
25.6
24.2
23.3
22.9
22.4
40
27.6
26.5
13.5
22
36
130
15.8
38.1
36.8
36.2
34.6
33.6
91
40
24
87
20
20
13.5
12.6
(M w >10 5 )
(M w <10 5 )
(Af w >10 5 )
(M w <10 5 )
115
10.7
109
66
21.4
169
42.2
No. of samples
tf(xlO3)
a
Fr.
W.P.
0.75
0.50
0.50
0.53
0.56
0.60
0.66
0.504
0.68
0.55
0.639
0.697
0.699
0.701
0.702
0.72
0.69
0.69
0.740
0.70
0.64
0.50
0.697
0.624
0.626
0.627
0.631
0.633
0.50
0.60
0.65
0.56
0.67
0.68
0.71
0.72
0.50
Not const,
0.50
Not const.
0.50
0.78
0.50
0.60
0.678
0.51
0.68
MoI. wt.
range
(xl(T4)
Method(s)
20
15
9
9
9
9
12
12
6
7
12
6
23
5
4
8
6
6
5
6
4
3
19
3-30
18-188
18-188
~
0.05-126
0.05-126
0.05-126
0.05-126
9
1.35-148
0.05-126
5.7-490
6
2.6-110
6
2.6-110
6
2.6-110
6
2.6-110
6
2.6-110
14-34
4-71
0.05-126
18
6.4-161
530-1680
1-130
0.4-2.5
7
0.84-148
6
2.6-110
6
2.6-110
6
2.6-110
6
2.6-110
6
2.6-110
5-188
1-146
- 1 - 1 4 6
14-34
1-146
- 1 - 1 4 6
11-146
46-146
0.011-179
OS
LV
LV
OS, CR
OS1CR
OS, CR
OS, CR
SEC1LLS
OS, CR
LS
LV
LV
LV
LV
LV
OS
OS
OS, CR
SEC5LLS
LS
OS
OS
SEC, LLS
LV
LV
LV
LV
LV
LV
LV
LV
OS
LV
LV
LV
LV
LS
A
B
B
B,R
B
B
B
A-B
B
A(?)
A-B
A-B
A-B
A-B
A-B
B
A,R
B
A-B
A-B
A,R
A,L
A-B
A-B
A-B
A-B
A-B
A-B
B
B
B
B
B,R
B
B
B
A
41
49
49
50
50
50
50
1010
50
899
901
901
901
901
901
51
52
50
1010
53,54
55,52
56
1010
901
901
901
901
901
49
50
50
51
50
50
50
50
904
19
0.011-179
LS
904
5
6
5
5
8
8
8
15-72
10-30
15-72
15-30
10-30
0.84-60
0.84-60
LS
OS
LS
OS
OS
LLS, SEC, OS
LLS, SEC, OS
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
787
57
787
57
57
890
890
Remarks
Refs.
92
10.3
42
0.49
0.75
0.63
7
7
6
1.5-28
1.5-28
1-20
LLS, SEC, OS
LLS, SEC, OS
LS
A
A
A
890
890
85
74
29.8
152
19.5
158
160
2.90
5.75
65.5
0.52
0.68
0.50
0.75
0.50
0.50
0.78
0.78
0.50
8
8
7
5
6
6
5
6
4
1.1-43
1.1-43
6-30
6-30
6-30
6-30
25-400
25-400
60-400
LLS, SEC, OS
LLS, SEC, OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
LS
LS
LS
A
A
B
B
B
B
A
A
A
890
890
707
707
707
707
84
84
84
TABLE 1. cont'd
No. of samples
Polymer
Poly(pentenamer)
80-85%-/raj,
19-12%-cis
PoIy(I-phenyl-1-propyne)
Solvent
Cyclohexane
Isopentyi acetate
Toluene
Cyclohexane
Toluene
Temp.
(0C)
K(XlO 3 )
(ml/g)
30
56.9
38(0)
234
30
52.1
36(6)
(wormlike behavior)
25
(wormlike behavior)
Fr.
W.P.
MoI. wt.
range
(xlO~ 4 )
0.68
0.50
0.69
0.5--0.8
5
8
10
12
3.6-63
3.6-63
3.6-63
1.6-145
LS
LS
LS
LS, SE
B
B
B
A
788
788
788
902
Not const.
12
1.6-145
LS, SE
902
2.8-39
2.3-42
2.3-42
6-31
2-34
4-71
4-33
6-31
2-34
1.5-33
2-39
2-62
2-72
4-71
2-34
3.7-21
3.7-21
?
2-34
5-42
5-50
10-170
5-63
2-62
10-100
5-42
5-42
3-48
3-48
2-11
4-54
5-50
?
9-45
LS
LS, SEC
LS, SEC
OS
OS
LV
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
LS
LS
LV
OS
OS
OS
?
OS
LV
OS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LV
LV
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
LS
A
A
A
A
A
B
A
A
A
A
A
A,R
D
B
A
A
A
897
897
897
88
89
708
90
88
89
90
91
88
92
708
89
90
90
93
89
94
708
95
96
88
97
94
94
90
90
98
96
708
99
100
Method(s)
Remarks
Refs.
Poly(propylene)
atactic
n-Octyl acetate
3-Nonanol
1-Octanol
Benzene
Biphenyl
1-Chloronaphthalene
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexanone
Decalin
Isobutyl acetate
Isopentyi acetate
Phenyl ether
isotactic
Tetralin
Toluene
Biphenyl
1-Chloronaphthalene
Decalin
Dibenzyl ether
Diphenyl ether
Tetralin
syndiotactic
head-to-head
94%-trans> 6%-l,2
S9%-trans,U%-\>2
p-Xylene
Heptane
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
27.0
5.0
77.0
25
30
129(0)
74(0)
25
30
92(0)
135
135
135
58(0)
34 (0)
145
153(0)
130
30
125.1 (0)
125(0)
139
145
135
135
183.2 (0)
142.8 (0)
145(0)
153
135
135
135
85
30
175
113
110
27.0
33.8
128.3
182
16.0
20.9
172
15.8
11.0
54.3
158,5
168.5
192
120
1.24
21.8
152
141.0
21.5
4.9
11.0
10.0
106
137
132
112
2.5
9.17
19.3
96
31.2
0.512
0.536
0.504
0.71
0.67
0.50
0.50
0.80
0.76
0.50
0.77
0.80
0.65
0.50
0.50
0.47
0.50
0.96
0.725
0.50
0.50
0.67
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.54
1.0
0.80
0.74
0.63
0.71
6
7
7
6
6
3
3
6
6
4
6
6
3
6
3
3
10
-
7
4
5
Il
9
6
4
4
4
4
4
5
9
5
12
5
30
30
30
30
493
4.16
295
3.82
0.39
0.86
0.43
0.90
5
5
3
0.2-1.1
2.1-4.2
0.3-0.8
1 7-3.2
VOS, OS
VOS, OS
VOS, OS
VOS, OS
30
30
30
25
30
6.31
68
6.5
19.1
5.31
0.80
0.66
0.82
0.71
0.79
7
7
7
21
5
-
2-50
1-20
4-127
49-320
15-153
SD
PR
OS
LS
LS
B
C
B
D
B
101
102
710
905
972
30
30
30
9.1
8.9
10.6
0.84
0.83
0.80
8
8
8
1.3-5.5
1.3-5.5
1.3-5.5
VOS1GPC
VOS, GPC
VOS5GPC
A-B
A-B
A-B
908
908
908
0.93
0.92
0.89
7
7
7
0.7-2.9
0.7-2.9
0.7-2.9
VOS, GPC
COS 5 GPC
COS 5 GPC
A-B
A-B
A-B
909
909
909
A
A
B
A,R
A,R
A,R
A
A
A
A
A,R
B
A
L
L
709
709
709
709
1.3. P O L Y ( A C R Y L I C ACID) AND DERIVATIVES

Poly(acrylamide)
Water
Aq. NaCl(IN)
Aq. NaCl (0.12M)
Poly(/V-acryloyl-m-aminobenzoic acid)
W,tf-Dimethylacetamide
/V,/V-Dimethylformamide
Dimethyl sulfoxide
Poly(/V-acryloyl-0-aminobenzoic acid)
/V,Af-Dimethylformamide
Dimethyl sulfoxide
Tetrahydrofuran
25
25
25
3.74
3.83
3.39
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
Temp.
(0C)
Poly(acrylamide-co-yV,yV,M-trimethyl aminoethyl chloride acrylate)

70% acrylamide
Aq. NaCl(IN)
25
Poly(acrylic acid)
1,4-Dioxane
30(0)
-,sodium salt
Aq. NaOH (2M)
25
Aq. NaCl
(0.012 M)
20
(IM)
25
Poly(acrylic acid)
-, sodium salt
Aq. NaCl
(0.05M)
25
(0.1 M)
25
(0.3M)
25
(0.5M)
(1.0M)
Aq. NaBr
(1.5M)
(1.5M)
(0.5M)
(0.1 M)
(0.05M)
(0.025 M)
(0.01 M)
Poly(acrylonitnle)
(polymerized at - 300C)
(polymerized at 600C)
(0.005 M)
(0.0025 M)
Aq. NaSCN
(1.12M)
7-Butyrolactone
Dimethylformarnide
(Deionized DMF)
(polymerized at - 300C)
(polymerized at 6O0C)
Dimethylacetamide
Dimethyl sulfoxide
Ethylene carbonate
Ethylene carbonate/water
(85/15, w/w)
25
25
15
15(0)
15(0)
15
25
15
25
15
15
25
15
25
15
15
30(0)
30(0)
20
30
30
30
50
20
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
30
30
30
35
35
50
20
35
50
20
50
140
50
25
(ml/g)
tf(xlO3)
a
No. of samples
Fr.
W.P.
MoI. wt.
range
(xlO~ 4 )
Method(s)
Remarks
Refs.
10.5
76
42.2
0.73
0.50
0.64
12
6
4
-
45-270
13-82
4-50
LS
OS
OS
D
B
C
905
104
105
15.47
0.93
0.90
7
12
-.
-
7-180
4-50
LV
OS
B
C
106
105
7.35
14.6
16.9
0.88
0.80
0.75
4
4
4
9.4-60
9.4-60
9.4-60
LLS 5 GPC
LLS, GPC
LLS, GPC
B-C
B-C
B-C
906
906
906
18.6
41.5
0.72
0.63
4
4
9.4-60
9.4-60
LLS, GPC
LLS, GPC
B-C
B-C
906
906
145
165
124
52.7
50.6
25.4
31.2
28.1
16.3
17.6
13.6
13.2
(44.2)
(24.9)
154
121
34.3
57.2
34.2
40.0
28.7
17.7
16.6
24.3
39.2
52.0
15.5
57.4
39.6
44.3
69.8
29.6
20.9
33.5
27.8
31.7
30.0
30.7
27.5
27.4
32.1
28.3
20.9
29.5
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.628
0.656
0.755
0.755
0.77
0.84
0.85
0.89
0.91
0.83
0.89
0.50
0.50
0.730
0.67
0.70
0.69
0.740
0.78
0.81
0.75
0.75
0.690
0.80
0.73
0.75
0.70
0.65
0.74
0.75
0.72
0.76
0.746
0.752
0.761
0.767
0.764
0750
0.758
0.75
0.718
4
5
4
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
4
5
6
5
5
5
5
7
3
7
7
9
12
22
6
6
6
9
9
13
5
4
16
5
8
7
7
21
6
6
-
9.4-60
6-64
12-83
1-50
2-80
1-50
2-80
1-50
1-50
2-80
1-50
2-80
1-50
1-50
6-64
12-83
4-40
4-30
6-30
15-53
4-40
7-30
5-27
3-25
3-100
5-52
3-10
0.3-1.5
4-30
2-20
8-140
4-30
6-30
16-48
3-58
9-76
4-102
2-40
2-40
2-40
9-40
9-40
4-40
7-40
LLS, GPC
LV
LS
LV
LV
LV
LV
LV
LV
LV
LV
LV
LV
LV
LV
LS
LV (LS)
SA
SA
LS
LS
LS
SD
LS
OS
LS
LS 5 SD
EG
OS
LS
LS
SA
SA
LS
DV
LS
LV
LV
LV
LV
LV
LV
LS
LV
B-C
C
C
C
C,R
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
A,R
B
B
D
A
B
B
C
C
B,R
B-C
L
C
C
C
B
B
D
B
A,R
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
906
107
108
109
110
109
110
109
109
110
109
HO
109
109
107
111
134
135
135
136
134
137
138
139
140
711
141
142
143
143
144
135
135
136
145
134
134
134
134
134
134
134
146
134
263
0.49
5.2-52
LS, OS
A-B
951
TABLE 1. cont'd
No. of samples
Polymer
Solvent
Hydroxyacetonitrile
Aq. HNO 3 (60%)
Poly(benzyl acrylate)
Poly(butyl acrylate)
Poly(ter?-butyl acrylate)
Butanone
Acetone
Acetone
Butanone
Hexane
Methanol
Pentane
Poly (1,1 -dihydroperfluorobuty 1 acrylate)
Benzofluoride
Methyl perfluorobutyrate
Poly(MW-dimethylacrylamide)
Methanol
Water
Poly(ethyl acrylate)
Poly(2-ferrocenylethyl acrylate)
Poly(ferrocenylmethyl acrylate)
Poly(hexadecyl acrylate)
Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)
Poly(isopropyl acrylate)
Acetone
Benzene
Butanone
Chloroform
Ethyl acetate
Benzene
Benzene
Methanol
Heptane
Tetrahydrofuran
Water
Acetone
Benzene
Bromobenzene
isotactic
Chloroform
2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropanol
atacti
c
syndiotactic
isotactic
atactic and syndiotactic
Acetone
Benzene
Butanone
Dimethyl malonate
Ethyl acetate
Isopentyl acetate
2-methylcyclohexanol
Toluene
Temp.
(0C)
20
50
0
20
35
25
25
25
24.2 (0)
25
25
X(xlO3)
(ml/g)
40.9
35.4
33.9
30.7
0.587
6.85
4.7
3.2
49.0
16.0
22.0
MoI. wt.
range
(xlO~ 4 )
Method(s)
Remarks
LV
LV
LV
LV
OS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
A
A
A
A
C
B
B
B
B
B
134
134
134
134
337
112
712
712
712
712
712
Fr.
W.P.
0.697
0.707
0.740
0.747
0.883
0.75
0.75
0.80
0.50
0.61
0.57
8
8
6
5
?
5
5
5
5
5
6
-
4-34
4-34
2-40
4-40
?
5-27
7-31
7-31
7-31
7-31
7-31
Refs.
26.6
26.6
25
25
40
25
30
30
30
30
30
25
25
30
20
27
20(9)
30
25
25
30
25
60
30
25
13
12
17.5
23.2
20.0
51
20.0
27.7
2.68
31.4
26.0
4.68
6.84
48.7
1.74
9.59
145
13.0
14.9
12.4
11.8
11.3
11.6
14.1
19.7
0.56
0.60
0.68
0.81
0.65
0.59
0.66
0.67
0.80
0.68
0.66
0.70
0.75
0.55
0.82
0.65
0.50
0.69
0.70
0.701
0.71
0.704
0.698
0.72
0.697
7
7
7
5
5
6
8
8
6
9
20
4
20
20
5
7
3
3
8
6
4
7
5
5
3
8
6
-
20-200
20-200
5-122
5-122
11-122
35-450
16-50
5-67
48-700
9-54
9-54
1.4-2.7
0.7-2
6-70
I-10
10-100
10-100
6-30
7-70
4-100
7-20
4-100
4-100
7-30
10-65
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
OS
OS
LS
OS
OS
VOS, GPC
VOS, GPC
OS
LS
OS
OS
LS
OS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
B
B
C
C
C
B,R
B,R
C
B-C
C
C
D
C-D
C
B
A
A
B
B
B,R
B
B
B
B
B
113
113
103
103
103
114
115
116
117
116
116
713
714
116
118
975
975
119
120
121
119
121
121
122
121
25
25
60
60
20
25
25
25
30
25
30
30
30
35
20
25
30
35
30
35
62.5(6)
56.0(0)
30
35
17.3
15.9
17.9
14.7
(7.40)
5.5
19.8
5.20
28.2
2.58
4.5
3.56
4.59
12.8
3.5
14.1
3.97
(34)
3.51
11
68
68
7.79
21
0.703
0.708
0.693
0.704
(0.76)
0.77
0.66
0.77
0.52
0.85
0.78
0.798
0.795
0.71
0.81
0.67
0.772
(0.61)
0.793
0.69
0.50
0.50
0.697
0.60
6
6
4
6
8
9
11
7
4
7
6
6
13
4
6
4
6
4
6
-
4
7
5
3
8
7
8-110
20-110
10-65
20-110
7-32
28-160
30-250
4-183
4-45
20-130
7-160
25-190
15-140
5-30
6-240
17-68
25-190
5-47
50-190
24-148
20-160
40-105
25-190
12-69
LS
LS
LS
LS
OS
LS
LS
LS
OS
OS
LS
LS
OS
OS
LS
LS
LS
LV
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
B
B
B
B
121
121
121
121
123
124
125
715
126
127
128
129
129
130
128
131
129
132
129
133
129
129
129
133
B,R
B
B
B
B.R
B
C
A-B.R
B
B
C
B
A
B
B
B
A
TABLE 1. cont'd
No. of samples
Polymer
Solvent
Butanone-2-propanol
(42/58, v/v)
(1/1, v/v)
branched
(42/58 v/v)
PolyU-methylphenyl acrylate)
Butyl acetate
Poly(morpholinocarbonylethylene)
Dimethylformamide
Aqueous NaCl (0.1 M)
Poly(piperidinocarbonylethylene) Dimethylformamide
Poly(propyl acrylate)
Butanone
W.P.
MoI. wt.
range
(xlO4)
Method(s)
Remarks
29-140
14-83
50-190
37-250
2-110
LS
LS
LS
LS
SD
B
C
B
B
A
124
108
129
125
346
?
?
?
4
?
?
?
71-181
LS
LS
LS
LS
C
C
C
A
338
338
338
117
0.82
0.62
(0.77)
0.774
0.81
0.68
(0.89)
0.78
0.80
0.648
0.630
0.726
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.63
0.675
0.499
0.66
0.73
0.505
0.476
0.76
5
6
10
5
3
8
6
6
6
10
8
9
5
6
6
6
6
4
5
7
6
9
3
-
17-120
100-600
8-300
1270-2070
25-260
11-670
67-132
4-800
8-80
1230-2450
1330-2070
959-2160
30-260
4-800
40-170
46-870
2.8-107
2.8-107
2.8-107
14-155
6.8-155
3.4-155
3.4-155
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
OS
LS
OS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LLS, SEC
LLS, SEC
LLS, SEC
LLS, SEC
LLS1SEC
LLS, SEC
LLS5SEC
B
B,R
B
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
339
150
151
912
152
150
153
154
155
912
912
912
152
154
156
157
917
917
917
917
917
917
917
7.8
9.0
35.5
0.68
0.64
0.50
8
8
8
4-113
4-113
4-113
LS
LS
LS
B
B
B
771
771
771
5.75
16
4.1
4.1
2.4
47
9.4
0.68
0.60
0.71
0.71
0.78
0.49
0.68
15
6
7
7
15
6
6
6-350
11-204
15-2500
20-2500
6-300
11-204
7-88
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
L
1.35
4
5
26-74
48-140
LS
LS
1.25
0.50
0.72
5
6
6
26-11
3.2-54
3.2-54
LS
LLS, SEC
LLS5SEC
0.66
0.58
0.70
0.494
0.651
0.494
0.687
8
8
8
6
7
6
7
10-610
10-610
10-610
4.8-31
5.1-475
5.1-475
5.1-475
LS
LS
LS
K(xlO3)
(ml/g)
81
54.4
72
290
14.7
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.40
0.63
5
4
4
6
8
18
64
32
15.0
0.65
0.68
0.56
0.687
30
25
30
25
23
25
30
20
25
25
25
25
21.5(0)
21.5 (0)
23.7(0)
25
25
10.0
30
25
10.0
64.0
30
1.03
18.4
(4.0)
3.82
1.56
9.7
(1.15)
2.9
4.37
21.0
23.7
6.13
29.5
38
36.6
22.0
12.0
62.0
15.2
5.91
46.0
62.1
5.84
25
25
18.4(0)
20
25
20
20
20
25
25
Temp.
( 0 C)
20(9)
27.5 (0)
30(0)
20(6)
25
25
20
25
30
Fr.
Refs.
1.4. POLY(a SUBSTITUTED ACRYLIC ACID) AND DERIVATIVES

Poly(butyl methacrylate)
Benzene
Acetone
Benzene
Benzene
Butanone
Chloroform
Cyclohexane
Dioxane
Methyl ethyl ketone
2-Propanol
Poly(fer?-butyl methacrylate)
anionic
Butyl acetate
Butanone
Cyclohexane
Tetrahydrofuran
free radical
Butanone
Cyclohexane
^-Heptane
Tetrahydrofuran
Poiy(2-ter?-butylphenyl methacrylate)
Benzene
Butanone
Cyclohexane
Poly(4-f<?r/-butylphenyl methacrylate)
Acetone
Bromobenzene
Chloroform
Cyclohexane
Tetrahydrofuran
Poly [ 1 -(N-carbethoxyphenyl)-methacrylamide]
Acetone
Dimethylformamide
Ethyl acetate
Poly(2-chloroethyl methacrylate) o-Dichlorobenzene
Tetrahydrofuran
Poly(4-chlorophenyl methacrylate)
Benzene
Dioxane
Poly(cyclobutyl methacrylate)
1-Butanol
Poly(cyclododecyl methacrylate) Cyclohexane
n-Hexyl acetate
Toluene
Unc.
Unc.
Unc.
35.7 (0)
30
37.5
30
35
30
0.00115
This relation
not followed
0.00446
47.4
6.83
9.2
20.0
6.1
49.2
8.84
35.4
6.03
A
B
A
C
B,R
A-B
B
B
340
716
341
341
342
716
716
369
369
A-B
A-B
369
914
914
A
A
A
A-B
B-C
B-C
B-C
343
343
343
915
915
915
915
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
Benzene
Butanol
Butanone
Cyclohexane
(ml/g)
No. of samples
tf(xlO3)
a
Fr.
W.P.
MoI. wt.
range
(xlO4)
Method(s)
30
25
23(6)
22.5(6)
25
25
30
25
8.4
3.54
33.7
45.2
31.8
5.79
7.0
8.8
0.69
0.77
0.50
0.50
0.533
0.68
0.66
0.67
5
9
5
6
5
9
80-200
10-419
57-445
10-125
10-125
57-560
80-200
10-419
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
25
35
45
30
30
36
30
30
30
30
8.65
4.07
43.2
26.0
8.70
54.8
10.9
19.4
13.6
8.38
0.63
0.74
0.488
0.549
0.677
0.487
0.659
0.588
0.631
0.696
8
8
7
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
4-60
4-60
6.6-418
3.1-418
3.1-418
4.6-358
2.9-358
2.9-358
2.9-358
2.9-358
25
25
25 (6)
25 (6)
18.4
33.1
75.0
78.0
0.65
0.59
0.50
0.50
4
8
4
9
45
25
U (6)
30
31
30
23
13(0)
29.5 (0)
25
27.4 (6)
23
35
36.9(0)
38.6
3.61
34.7
4.56
36.6
1.05
8.64
32.2
34.8
2.21
33.7
2.83
8.6
47.5
0.485
0.712
0.50
0.73
0.53
0.64
0.64
0.50
0.50
0.77
0.50
0.79
0.71
0.50
9
7
10
10
10
10
8
7
7
8
8
10
4
23(0)
47.3
0.50
35
35(0)
47.6
56.4
Temp.
(0C)
Remarks
Refs.
344
717
345
718
718
345
344
717
LS
LS
B
B
A-C
A-C
A-C
A-B
A-B
A-B
A-B
A-B
719
719
915
915
915
915
915
915
915
915
3.4-33
3.4-82
5.7-33
3.4-82
OS, SEC
OS, SEC
OS, SEC
OS, SEC
A
A
A
A
923
923
923
923
11
-
8.7-575
42-575
2.9-92
2.9-92
10-135
10-135
26-360
26-360
27-240
48-332
48-332
20-263
65-1200
22-130
LLS1SEC
LLS, SEC
LS, OS, SEC
LS, OS, SEC
LS, OS, SEC
LS, OS, SEC
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
A-B
A-B
B
B
B
B
A
A
A
A
A
A
C
B
911
911
913
913
913
913
158
158
159
160
160
161
162
156
10
20-263
LS
161
0.53
0.50
6
6
78-500
60-420
LS
LS
A
A
162
162
3.12
0.76
2-9
VOS, GPC
C,D
713
27.8
5.9
2.37
3.92
35.1
0.58
0.71
0.78
0.75
0.56
3
5
5
9
6
-
0.6-3.6
130-440
130-440
130-440
20-110
SD
SD
SD
LS
C,D
B
B
B
714
163
163
163
164
33.1
2.12
43.0
0.5
0.78
0.50
20
8
8
10-2000
6-41
6-41
SD
LS
LS
A
A
730
165
165
10.6
12.9
52.4
0.70
0.69
0.51
6
5
7
4-52
4-52
4-52
LS
LS
LS
A,B
A,B
A,B
720
720
720
0.71
14
19-950
LS
A
B
A
A
B
Poly(cyclohexylthiolmethacrylate)
Cyclohexane
Tetrahydrofuran
Poly(cyclooctyl methacrylate)
2-Butanol
1,4-Dioxane
Toluene
Poly(cyclopentyl methacrylate) Cyclohexane
1,4-Dioxane
Ethyl acetate
Methyl ethyl ketone
Toluene
Poly(2,6-dimethylphenyl methacrylate)
Chlorobenzene
Tetrahydrofuran
Tetrahydrofuran/water
Toluene
Poly(diphenylmethyl methacrylate)
3-Heptanone
Toluene
Poly(decyl methacrylate)
Ethyl acetate
Tetrahydrofuran
Poly(dodecyl methacrylate)
Amy 1 acetate
Tetrahydrofuran
Butyl acetate
Isopropyl acetate
Pentanol
Poly(2-ethylbutyl methacrylate) Butanone
2-Propanol
Butanone
Ethyl acetate
2-Propanol
Butanone-2-propanol
(1/7, v/v)
Ethyl acetate/ethanol
(2/9, v/v)
(1/6, v/v)
Poly(2-ferrocenylethyl methacrylate)
Benzene
Poly(ferrocenylmethyl methacrylate)
Benzene
Polytfiexadecyl methacrylate)
Benzene
Heptane
25
21
21
21
25
Poly[4-(4-hexadecyloxybenzoyloxy)-phenyl methacrylate]
Butanone
23
2-Propanol
32.6 (0)
Dimethylformamide
30
Dimethyl sulfoxide
30
Methanol
30
PoIy[I -(2-hydroxyethyl) pyridiniumbenzene sulfonate methacrylate]
Aq. KCL (0.5M)
25
2.62
721
TABLE 1. cont'd
No. of samples
Polymer
Solvent
PoIy[I(2-hydroxyethyl) trimethylammoniumbenzene sulfonate

Aq. KCl (0.5M)
Poly[AK2-hydroxypropyi) methacrylamide]
Aqueous KCl (0.1 M)
PolyfD.L-isobornyl methacrylate) 1-Octanol
Tetrahydrofuran
Acetone
Acetone
Benzene
Benzene
Butanone
1,4-Dioxane
2-Hydroxymethyltetrahydrofuran
Poly(5-p-methyl methacrylate)
Benzene
Cyclohexane
2-Pentanone
Tetrahydrofuran
Poly(methacrolein)
Dimethylformamide
Poly(methacrylie acid)
M/V-Dimethylformamide/
l,4-dioxane(5/7, v/v)
Methanol
Aq. HCl (0.002 M)
Aq. NaNO 3 (2M)
Acetone
Dimethylformamide
Poly(2-methoxyethyl methacrylate)
Butanone
Tetrahydrofuran
Poly(methyl butacrylate)
Butanol
Butanone
Poty(methyl ot-chloroacrylate)
Chloroform
Poly(methyl ethacrylate)
Benzene
Butanone
2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptanone
atactic
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Benzene
Temp.
( 0 C)
AT(XlO 3 )
(ml/g)
Method(s)
Fr.
4.04
0.70
15-400
LS
721
25
39.6(0)
30
25
25
60
25
25
25
20
25
30
44
25
25
25
11.0
31.7
3.68
0.199
23.4
18.2
8.41
3.88
7.03
5.56
8.61
7.47
2.18
4.88
6.89
85.8
0.67
0.50
0.73
0.94
0.66
0.68
0.66
0.74
0.77
0.73
0.70
0.71
0.79
0.72
0.68
0.56
12
6
6
6
6
6
6
5
6
6
7
6
6
6
6
6
2-500
9-120
9-120
300-1100
50-116
50-116
1020-3460
1020-3460
50-116
300-1100
300-1100
300-1100
300-1100
1020-3460
1020-3460
50-116
LS
GPC
GPC
LS
OS
OS
OS
LS
LS
LS
LS
OS
722
723
723
166
724
724
919
919
724
166
166
166
166
919
919
724
25
25
25(9)
25
20
9.6
11.5
43.6
11.5
2.8
0.67
0.65
0.50
0.65
0.97
6
6
6
6
-
12-230
12-230
12-230
12-230
0.5-2
LS
LS
LS
LS
OS, CR
B
B
B
B
?
771
771
771
771
204
103
242
66
44.9
95.5
306
0.50
0.51
0.50
0.65
0.56
0.503
7
6
7
6
-
4
15
27.5-101
4-20
10-90
8-70
35-100
0.6-8
LS
OS
LV
OS
OS
LV
B
C
B
C
C,H
907
147
148
149
202
203
methacrylate]
25
26.9(6)
26
30
25
20
29.2
W.P.
MoL wt.
range
(xlO4)
Remarks
C
C
C
C
-
Refs.
25
25
13 (6)
30
30
30
30
11.4(0)
7.34
7.57
57.0
5.43
3.08
2.35
4.29
67.6
0.71
0.71
0.50
0.73
0.78
0.82
0.75
0.50
12
12
4
10
8
6
10
10
4-220
4-220
6-60
7-430
20-780
16-110
4-200
4-200
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
A-B
A-B
A
A
D
A
A
A
725
725
168
168
726
168
168
168
20
20
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
30
39
46
30
45(6)
50
65
20
20
25
25
5.5
3.90
7.5
6.76
7.5
5.3
9.6
7.5
2.45
6.59
7.7
6.40
6.18
39.3
48
29
9.8
8.35
15.1
7.24
5.5
0.73
0.76
0.70
0.71
0.70
0.73
0.69
0.70
0.80
0.71
0.70
0.72
0.72
0.50
0.50
0.54
0.64
0.73
0.70
0.76
0.76
7
7
9
10
14
7
4
4
9
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
5
7
7
10
Il
6
-
7-700
7-700
8-137
3-700
2-740
2-780
180-350
3-98
6-210
5-41
6-263
5-41
5-41
10-86
10-260
10-260
10-260
7-700
8-90
6-100
2-740
SD
SD
LS
SD
LS, SD
LS
LS
LS
OS
OS
LS
OS
OS
LV
LV
LV
LV
SD
SD
OS
LS
A-B.R
A-B
B
A-B
A-B
A-B,R
A-B
B-C
B-C
B
A-B
B
B
A-B
A-BJR
A-B
A-B
A-B
169
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
177
177
178
179
180
180
169
181
182
173
B
A-BjR
TABLE 1. cont'd
No. of samples
Polymer
Solvent
Butanone
plasma initiated
Butyl chloride
Chloroform
living type
/?-Cymene
1,2-Dichloroethane
Ethyl acetate
3-Heptanone
4-Heptanone
Methyl isobutyrate
Methyl methacrylate
Methyl methacrylate
Nitroethane
3-Octane
Propanol
Tetrachloroethane
2,2,3,3-Tetrafluoropropanol
Tetrahydrofuran
Toluene
B utanone/2-propanol
(55/45, v/v)
(50/50, v/v)
Methanol/toluene
(9/5, v/v)
oligomer-polymer
atactic,/racem =0.79
isotacdc
Acetonitrile
Benzene
n-Butyl chloride
Acetone
Acetonitrile
MoL wt.
range
(xlO~4)
Method(s)
8
6
7
34
6
-
24-450
0.03-1
6-250
4-73
0.02-2
0.3-2
5-41
5-41
8-137
41-330
3-98
16-910
1610-3000
13-68
1.4-60
6-100
8-200
3-780
8-137
40-330
5-41
13-263
5-41
5-41
7-400
6.6-171
3-98
6-263
6-110
6.6-171
1-172
19-260
1.8-160
1.8-160
1.8-160
13-170
10-200
13-260
6.6-171
5-41
5-41
7-95
LS
EB
LS
OS
OS
LS
OS
OS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
SA
OS
OS
SD
LS
LS
LS
OS
LS
OS
OS
LS
LV
LS
LS
SD
LV
LS
LV
LS
LS
LS
LV
LS
LV
LV
OS
OS
LV
7
6
10
6
6
6
4-330
5-41
0.2-7
19-263
5-41
5-41
LS
LS
OS
OS
LV
OS
OS
A
A-B
B
A,L
A-B
B
B
732
174
177
195
178
177
177
6
7
5
3
40-300
30-280
77-490
60-300
LS
LS
LS
LS
A-B
A-B
A-B
A-B
174
196
186
156
22
15
21
7
5
5
0.032-283
0.032-75.8
0.032-283
5-128
3-19
3-19
LS
LS
LS
LS
LV
LV
A
A
A
A-B
A
A
916
916
916
199
198
198
AT(XlO3)
(ml/g)
Fr.
3.80
83
5.2
6.27
104
195
6.74
6.52
6.8
7.1
6.8
9.39
11 2
50.5
9.6
4.88
4.85
6.0
4.8
3.4
5.81
4.3
5.02
3.90
5.1
57.5
17.0
5.3
21.1
63.1
48
9.9
16.2
11.3
21.2
6.75
5.70
50
67.9
12.8
12.2
7.2
0.79
0.52
0.76
0.76
0.50
0.41
0.75
0.76
0.72
0.72
0.72
0.68
0.69
0.50
0.78
0.82
0.80
0.79
0.80
0.83
0.79
0.80
0.80
0.79
0.79
0.50
0.68
0.77
0.64
0.50
0.50
0.67
0.65
0.68
0.64
0.72
0.74
0.50
0.50
0.73
0.73
0.79
5
7
9
5
9
5
6
6
9
7
4
15
6
-
4
18
8
9
12
9
6
6
6
6
13
4
4
8
4
5
6
9
9
9
3
2
3
4
6
6
7
25
25
25
25
30
39
53
7.5
7.1
8.12
78
7.0
7.24
6.63
0.72
0.73
0.71
0.50
0.71
0.72
0.73
23
25 (0)
25(0)
26.2(0)
47.0
59.2
42.8
55.9
0.55
0.50
0.50
0.50
44.0
30.0
40.8
30
20
27.6(0)
23.0
130
75.5
Temp.
( 0 C)
25
25
30
30
30
30
39
53
25
25
25
25
25
35.4(0)
20
20
20
20
25
25
25
30
39
53
Unc.
159.7 (0)
25
30
20
33.7 (0)
33.8(0)
30
20
40
60
30
25
72(0)
84.4(0)
25
53
25
Not const.
Not const.
Not const.
0.63
0.448
0.500
W.P.
Remarks
A,L
A~B,R
A
A,L
A-B,L
B
B
B,R
A-B
B-C
A-B
A-B
B
A-BJR
A-B
B
A-B
B
A-B
B
B
B
A-B
B-C
A-B 1 R
A-B
A-B 1 R
A-B
A
A
A
A-B
C
A-B
A-B
B
B
A
Refs.
183
184
178
185
185
178
177
177
170
174
175
186
727
187
188
182
169
173,189
170
174
177
178
177
177
190
191
175
178
192
191
179
178
918
918
918
178
193
179
191
177
177
194
TABLE 1. cont'd
No. of samples
Polymer
Solvent
Benzene
p-Cymene
3-Heptanone
Propanol
2,2,3,3-Tetrafluoropropanol
Butanone/2-propanol
(1/1. v/v)
Temp.
( 0 C)
ZiC(XlO3)
(ml/g)
Fr.
W.P.
-
MoI. wt.
range
(xMT4)
Method(s)
Remarks
Refs.
LV
LV
LS
LS
LV
LV
LV
LV
A
A
B
A-B
A-B
A-B
A-B
B
198
198
728
199
191
191
191
194
35
50
27.5 (0)
30
152.1 (0)
40.0(0)
75.9(0)
25
46
26.2
76.2
5.2
56.6
87.0
76.1
7.05
0.546
0.602
0.50
0.76
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.78
5
5
6
5
4
4
4
11
3-19
3-19
13-68
5-128
7-131
7-131
7-131
2-100
30.3 (0)
90.0
0.50
7-131
LV
A-B
191
4
4
73-232
73-232
LS
LS
LS
A
A
H
785
785
731
6
4
17-262
57-262
LS
LS
B
B
729
729
20
10
10
4
4
4
8
11
11
4
-
20-220
20-170
33-1250
33-1250
62-320
62-320
62-320
10-320
1.5-93
1.5-93
SD
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS, OS, SEC
LS, OS, SEC
5
5
12
3.6-21
3.6-21
1.5-94
VOS, SEC
VOS, SEC
LS
A-B
A-B
B
16-62
OS
4-85
GPC
6
6
6
48-59
48-59
48-59
SEC
SEC
SEC
A-B
A-B
A-B
921
921
921
10
10
6
4
-
85-510
8.2-138
8.2-138
4-85
LS
LS, OS, SEC
LS, OS, SEC
GPC
D
B
B
905
913
913
735
5%-iso, 51%-hetero,
43%-syndiotactic
Acetonitrile/chlorobenzene
(4.4/95.6, v/v)
25 (0)
68.3
0.50
(91.2/8.8, v/v)
25(0)
63.5
0.50
Poly(a-methyleneglutaronitrile) Dimethylformamide
25
31.6
0.65
Poly(methyl phenylacrylate), see 1.9 Other Compounds poly(l-methoxycarbonyl-l-phenylethylene)
Poly(p-naphthyl methacrylate)
Benzene
20
27.2
0.55
Tetralin
20(0)
47.5
0.50
Poly[4-(4-nonyloxy-phenyl methacrylate], Poly(phenylmethacrylic ester of nonyloxybenzoic acid)
24.3
0.5
Poly(octadecyl methacrylate)
Tetrahydrofuran
30
2.5
0.75
Poly(octyl methacrylate)
Butanol
16.8(0)
26.8
0.50
Butanone
23
4.47
0.69
Butyl acetone
10.5 (0)
0.45
20
0.53
30
0.54
Poly(tf-phenyl methacrylamide) Acetone
20
28.2
0.75
n-Propyl acetate
36(0)
37.1
0.50
Tetrahydrofuran
30
8.95
0.67
Poly(2-selenolylmethyl methacrylate)
Chlorobenzene
25
36.3
056
Tetrahydrofuran
25
18.1
0.65
Poly(stearyl methacrylate)
Tetrahydrofuran
30
9.0
0.67
Poly(tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate)
Acetone
30
24.0
0.66
Poly(tetrahydro-4H-pyranyl 2-methacrylate)
Isobutanol
30.4(0)
31.9
0.50
Poly(2-thiophenmethyl methacrylate)
Chlorobenzene
25(0)
4.35
0.50
Tetrahydrofuran
25
6.95
0.72
Thiophen
25
9.00
0.66
Poly(ivyV,N-trimethyl aminoethyl chloride acrylate)
Aq. NaCl(IN)
25
2.3
0.82
Poly(tridecyl methacrylate)
Ethyl acetate
27(0)
32.2
0.50
Tetrahydrofuran
30
4.74
0.71
Tetrahydrofuran
30
2.93
0.76
Poly[2-(triphenylmethoxy)ethyl methacrylate]
Mesitylene
47(0)
30
0.50
1.5.
C,H
B
B
C
C
C
B
B
730
200
201
201
920
920
920
370
913
913
922
922
733,751
734
735
LV
736
POLY(VINYLETHERS)
Poly[(hexadecyloxy)ethylene]
Poly(methoxyethylene)
Heptane
Benzene
Butanone
Poly[(octadecyloxy)ethylene]
Benzene
Tetrahydrofuran
Poly(vinyl methyl ether), see Poly(methoxyethylene)
21
30
30
25
30
70.8
76
137
170
224
0.50
0.60
0.56
0.47
0.35
6
13
13
-
7
7
0.5-3
1-45
1-45
0.1-1.5
9.4-11
SD
LS
LS
LS
LS
B,L
B
B
D,H
D,H
205
206
206
200
200
0.74
7-51
OS
234
1.6. POLY(VINYL ALCOHOL), POLY(VINYL HALIDES)

Poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene)
2,5-Dichlorobenzotrifluoride
130
6.15
References page VII-68
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
Temp.
(0C)
(ml/g)
tf(xlO3)
a
Poly(tetrafluoroethylene-fl/f-ethylene), see also Poly(ethylene-a//-tetra-fluoroethylene) in group 1.2

Poly(vinyl alcohol)
Water
25
20
0.76
25
300
0.50
25
140
0.60
30
66.6
0.64
30
42.8
0.64
30
45.3
0.64
30
73.4
0.63
80
94
0.56
Phenol/water (85/15, v/v) 30
24.6
0.80
Water/dimethylsulfoxide
(100/0, v/v)
30
74.3
0.63
(90/10, v/v)
30
Not clear
Poly(vinyl bromide)
Cyclohexanone
25
32.8
0.55
Tetrahydrofuran
25
15.9
0.64
Methanol/tetrahydrofuran
(17/83, v/v)
20
38.8
0.50
Benzyl alcohol
155.4(0)
156
0.50
Chlorobenzene
30
71.2
0.59
Cyclohexanone
20
11.6
0.85
20
13.7
1.0
20
112.5
0.63
25
12.3
0.83
25
24
0.77
25
204
0.56
25
174
0.55
25
8.5
0.75
25
13.8
0.78
30
16.3
0.77
Tetrahydrofuran
20
3.63
0.92
25
15.0
0.77
25
16.3
0.766
25
49.8
0.69
30
63.8
0.65
30
83.3
0.83
30
219
0.54
Poly(vinyl fluoride)
Dimethylformamide
90
6.42
0.80
Hexamethylphos25
25.8
0.65
phoramide
l-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone
25
13.1
0.69
Tetramethylene sulfoxide 25
13.9
0.69
N,N-Dimethylacetamide,
A^N^dimethylformamide,
Af-methylpyrrolidone,
M^-dimethyl-MA^-trimethylene urea
25
45
0.70
1.7.
No. of samples
Fr.
W.P.
MoI. wt.
range
(xl(T4)
Method(s)
Remarks
Refs.
6
4
3
8
7
-
14
5
21
0.6-2.1
0.9-17
1-7
0.6-16
1-80
1-80
3-12
10-46
3-12
OS
SD
SD
OS
LS
LS
LV
LS
LV
B
B
C
A,R
B
B
B
208
209
210
212
213
213
737
214
215
7
5
7
7
DP = 815-2830
DP = 815-3400
2-10
2-10
VG
VG
LS
LS
C
C
B
B
924
924
217
217
7
9
7
7
5
11
13
?
6
5
28
6
20
22
23
5
9
7
16
-
6
5
3
9
7
2-10
4-35
3-19
2-10
7-13
9-15
2-14
3-14
2-15
6-22
4-20
1-12
3-19
2-17
1-12
2-30
4-40
3-32
3-19
5-30
14-66
0.8-12
LS
LS
SA
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
LS
LS
LS
SA
OS
LS
LS
LS
LS
SA
LS
SV
LS
B
B
B
C
C,D
D,H
D
C
218
219
220
221
222
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
220
229
228
230
231
232
220
233
235
738
7
7
0.8-12
0.8-12
LS
LS
C
C
738
738
LS
925
C
C
B
A,B,R
B
B
A,B
A,B,R
A-B
B
POLY(VINYLESTERS)
Poly(allyl acetate)
Poly(vinyl acetate)
Benzene
Acetone
27
66
0.53
6 [77] = 0.104M 050 + 0.00725M 090
18
24.5
0.67
20
15.8
0.69
25
21.4
0.68
25
18.8
0.69
25
14.6
0.72
25
10.8
0.72
30
17.6
0.68
30
8.6
0.74
30
17.4
0.70
30
10.2
0.72
30
10.1
0.73
8
21
6
6
6
?
10
16
8
?
11
?
6
8
-
0.1-0.3
0.3-150
4-34
19-72
4-34
?
0.7-1.3
0.9-2.5
2-163
8-66
7-68
3-126
6-150
CR
LS
OS
LS
OS
LS
EG
EG
OS
LS
OS
LS
LS
A
B
B
C,L
B,L
A-B
A-B
C
A
216
236
237
238
237
239
240
240
241
242
243
244
236
TABLE 1. cont'd
No. of samples
Polymer
Poly(vinyl
Poly(vinyl
Poiy(vinyl
Poly(vinyl
Solvent
benzoate)
butyrate)
caproate)
4-chlorobenzoate)
Poly(vinyl formate)
Poly(vinyl isobutyrate)
Poly(vinyl isocaproate)
Poly(vinyl pivalate)
Poly(vinyl sulfate)
Temp.
(0C)
K (xlO3)
(ml/g)
30 [77] =0.097 M 0 5 0 +0.00723 M 0 ^

46
13.8
0.71
Acetonitrile
25
16.2
0.71
30
41.5
0.62
Benzene
30
22
0.65
30
56.3
0.62
30
56.3
0.62
35
21.6
0.675
Butanone
25
13.4
0.71
25
42
0.62
30
10.7
0.71
Chlorobenzene
25
110
0.50
25
94.4
0.56
53
53.7
0.60
67
28.9
0.65
Chloroform
20
15.8
0.74
25
20.3
0.72
53
14.7
0.74
Dioxane
25
11.4
0.74
53, 60
10.2
0.75
Ethanol
56.9(0)
90
0.50
Ethyl formate
30
32
0.65
3-Heptanone
26.8(0)
82.0
0.50
29(0)
92.9
0.50
Methanol
6(0)
101
0.50
25
38.0
0.59
30
31.4
0.60
53
36.6
0.59
66(0)
82.0
0.50
66(0)
78.0
0.50
30
44.9
0.60
Tetrahydrofuran
25
16
0.70
35
15.6
0.708
Toluene
25
108
0.53
67
156
0.49
35
33.0
0.623
Heptane/3-methyl-2-butanone
(27.3/72.7, v/v)
25
92
0.50
Xylene
32.5 (0)
62.0
0.50
Benzene
30
11.15
0.735
Benzene
30
15.47
0.689
Water
30
64.0
0.64
Butanol/butanone
60(0)
73
0.50
(47/53, v/v)
Acetone
30
29.3
0.63
Acetonitrile
30
14.1
0.717
Dioxane
30
20.7
0.68
Methyl acetate
30
37.6
0.61
Methyl formate
30
14.1
0.722
Benzene
30
11.05
0.711
Benzene
30
51.0
0.575
Acetone
25
2.88
0.77
Butanone-methanol
20
53
0.50
(0.897 g/ml)
Aq. NaCl (0.5 M)
20
0.55
1.06
MoI. wt.
range
(xlO~4)
Method(s)
Remarks
A
A
B
A-B
A-B
B
B
A-B
A
AJB
C
A
A
A
A
Fr.
W.P.
22
6
4
5
24
12
14
6
15
9
6
6
6
?
5
5
5
5
5
4
5
18
13
?
13
-
0.3-150
4-34
24-215
97-153
34-102
3-86
7-54
5-40
25-346
2-120
3-120
0.15-7
4-34
4-34
4-34
7-68
4-34
4-34
4-34
4-34
4-150
16-154
4-150
5-83
0.3-150
4-22
3-120
4-22
14-83
9-150
12-69
5-50
1.7-117
4-15
4-15
5-40
LS
OS
LS
LS
LS
OS
LS
LS
LS
SD,LS
LS
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS, LS
LS
OS, LS
LS
OS, LS, VOS
OS
LS
OS
LS
OS, LS
LS
GPC
GPC
OS
OS
LS
6
5
7
7
4
4
-
25-287
10-24
3-15
3-126
6-35
6-35
LS
OS
OS
OS
LV
LV
C
B
C
C
B
B
244
334
256
256
336
336
4
2
9
9
8
7
7
4
4
-
3-41
3-41
3-41
3-24
3-24
5-20
3-17
40-217
222-344
LV
LV
LV
LV
LV
OS
OS
LS
LS
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
257
257
257
257
257
256
256
258
258
1-6
LV
261
13
22
13
20
15-219
0.91-352
15-219
0.91-352
LS
LS
LS
LS
A-B
A-B
A-B
A-B
937
937
937
937
5
5
9
3
5
11
9
4
4
A
A
B
B
A
A-B
A
A-B
B
C
B
A-B
A
B,C
B
B
B
Refs.
236
236
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
244
195
236
236
236
243
236
236
237
237
236
247
236
255
236,245
237
244
237
255
236
247
739
740
237
237
251
1.8. POLY(STYRENE) AND DERIVATIVES

Poly(4-acetoxystyrene)
Butyl acetate
Dioxane
Isopropyl acetate
Tetrahydrofuran
26.8(0)
25
19.7(0)
25
52.0
16.7
52.0
17.5
0.50
0.65
0.50
0.64
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Poly(4-bromostyrene)
Poly(p-terf-butylstyrene)
Poly(2-chlorostyrene)
Solvent
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
Toluene
Benzene
Benzene
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
1-Hexanol
Cyclohexane
1,4-Dioxane
1-Nitropropane
1-Nitropropane
3-Nonanol
2-Octanol
2-Octanol
Tetrahydrofuran
Butanone
Toluene
Benzene
Benzene-methanol
(4.5/1, v/v)
Butanone
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
Dioxane
Ethylbenzene
Toluene
Poly(4-cyclohexylstyrene)
Poly(2,5-dichlorostyrene)
Poly(2,4-dimethylstyrene)
PoIy(1,4-divinylbenzene)
Poly(3-fluorostyrene)
Poly(4-fluorostyrene)
Poly(4-hydroxystyrene)
Heptane
Toluene
Toluene
Ethanol/ethyl acetate
(1/15, w/w)
Chlorobenzene
0-Dichlorobenzene
Butanol/butyl acetate
(1/13, w/w)
Benzene
Butyl acetate
Cyclohexane
Toluene
frans-Decalin
Benzene
Butanone
Chloroform
Benzene
Butanone
Chloroform
Dioxane
Ethyl propionate
Isobutyl acetate
Tetrahydrofuran
1-Chloro-n-hexane
(ml/g)
No. of samples
tf(xlO3)
a
Fr.
W.P.
MoI. wt.
range
(xlO 4 )
Method(s)
Remarks
20(6)
26.3 (0)
30
30
35
35
25
35
65.0
35.0
25.0
38.0
31.0
31 (0)
10.9
32.7
32.7
30.0
24.5 (0)
25 (0)
25
30
30
26.7
41.6(0)
95.5
50.0
7.43
18.2
7.1
6.58
8.52
9.9
64.7
11.1
21.4
14.3
60.0
61
66.5
60.8
61.0
10.4
46.8
46.0
11.5
14.3
30.6
29.3
56.8
0.53
0.50
0.69
0.57
0.74
0.739
0.717
0.71
0.480
0.694
0.604
0.644
0.489
0.49
0.490
0.492
0.489
0.70
0.50
0.50
0.66
0.65
0.56
0.56
0.50
10
5
5
5
4
7
10
4
6
7
4
4
7
4
6
6
7
7
7
5
6
10
5
5
8
-
3-30
84-250
59-400
63-400
1.8-640
1.3-174
1.3-240
1.8-640
16-240
2.7-45.5
9.3-45.5
9.3-45.5
2.7-45.5
1.8-640
16-240
16-240
2.7-45.5
2.7-45.5
20-80
20-100
14-101
23-143
10-200
34-180
34-180
OS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LLS, SEC, OS
LLS, SEC, OS
LS
LLS, SEC, OS
OS, LLS
OS, LLS
OS, LLS
OS, LLS
LS
LLS, SEC, OS
LLS, SEC, OS
OS, LLS
OS, LLS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LV
LV
B
A,R
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A,R
A,B
A,B
A
C
B
B
347
348
348
349
741
934
934
741
934
938
938
938
938
741
934
934
938
938
742
743
743
350
351
744
744
25
30
30
30
30
30
20
25
30
30
30
30
30
21
30.5(0)
29
3.52
2.19
14.8
17.6
21.8
24.1
13.2
13.0
11.8
5.37
32.3
10.6
12.6
35.5
0.59
0.75
0.80
0.65
0.62
0.60
0.605
0.645
0.64
0.65
0.71
0.54
0.69
0.69
0.50
7
6
6
6
6
7
7
6
7
9
8
8
8
7
7
~
-
3-140
17-270
17-270
10-200
10-200
10-180
2-40
1-244
3-140
21-140
17-270
4-30
2-30
7-66
50-130
LS
OS
OS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
OS
OS
OS
LS
LS
BJR
B
B
C
C
B
B
B
B,R
A
B
A-B
A-B
352
353
353
351
351
745
354
355
352
349
353
266
266
356
357
30
30
32.9 (0)
4.39
4.11
0.72
0.73
0.50
7
7
8
8-51
8-51
40-540
OS
OS
LS
A
A
358
358
359
20
20
20
30
25.0(0)
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
5.7
3.8
10.2
14.8
9.52
286
15.3
13.8
65.6
12.8
40.8
11.1
82.8
16.1
20.3
63.7
59.4
37.2
91.6
0.79
0.68
0.65
0.70
0.32
0.69
0.70
0.53
0.70
0.58
0.73
0.50
0.69
0.66
0.52
0.53
0.60
0.468
6
8
7
7
9
-
3-22
3-22
3-22
5-120
0.7-180
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS, SE
B,C
B,C
B,C
C
Branching
0.5-8
1-15
LS
LS
C
C
11
11
11
10
9
8
-
0.2-13
3.8-583
3.8-583
3.8-583
3.8-583
5.9-90.3
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS, SEC, OS
C
A
746
746
746
333
895
747
747
747
747
747
747
747
747
940
940
940
940
888
Temp.
(0C)
Refs.
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
Poly(4-iodostyrene)
Dioxane
Poly((p-isopropyl-a-methylstyrene)
Tetrahydrofuran
Poly(/?-isopropylstyrene)
Toluene
Poly(o-methoxystyrene)
Butanone
Toluene
Methanol/toluene
(25/75, v/v)
Poly(/?-methoxystyrene)
Butanone
Chlorocyclohexane
Pentyl acetate
Toluene
(ml/g)
No. of samples
tf(xlO3)
a
Fr.
W.P.
20
33
0.51
10
10-118
LV
B-C
360
25
25
30
30
30(0)
45
12.3
18.6
6.40
57.5
0.55
0.69
0.59
0.71
0.50
8
5
5
4
5
~
-
1-63
14-75
13-35
13-35
15-30
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
A-D
B1C
A-B
A-B
A-B
748
265
362
362
362
30
35
25
25
25
30
30
30(0)
3.75
8.6
17.7
55
10.5
5.28
18.0
62.1
0.73
0.68
0.63
0.52
0.70
0.73
0.62
0.50
5
6
16
16
16
5
6
5
13-75
1-100
22-220
22-220
22-220
13-75
1-100
7-180
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
A-B
B
A
A
A
B
B
B
362
352
363
363
363
362
352
362
10.3
9.15
73
78
76
76.0
71.3
67
7.06
7.81
10.8
24.9
66.0
72.7
2.2
76.8
0.72
0.726
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.51
0.50
0.744
0.73
0.71
0.647
0.50
0.50
0.80
0.50
4
5
8
6
4
9
6
10
9
6
9
9
9
9
6
13
-
4-170
37.5-685
4-750
9-400
2-66
4-170
3-140
8-750
8-750
3-60
2-66
14-91
2-370
2-18
1-100
14-91
LS
LS
LS, OS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS, OS
LS, OS
SD
LS
OS
LS
LS
LS
OS
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
319
873
320
321
322
323
324
320
320
325
322,326
327
328
328
329
327
71.8
94.9
79.6
94.8
65.1
74.6
86.4
74.0
83.0
40.0
19.4
13.3
11.1
10.1
33.6
27.0
26.5
7.36
11.76
17.42
70
8.86
0.491
0.459
0.477
0.461
0.497
0.484
0.474
0.493
0.480
0.56
0.67
0.70
0.69
0.71
0.570
0.590
0.594
0.76
0.70
0.64
0.50
0.74
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
11
11
16
16
16
16
16
8
15
8
9
7
7
6
9
5.9-90.3
5.9-90.3
5.9-90.3
5.9-90.3
5.9-90.3
5.9-90.3
5.9-90.3
2.01-90.3
2.01-90.3
0.2-130
0.2-130
0.2-130
0.2-130
0.2-130
6.0-107
5.4-354
6.0-107
8-115
15-83
15-83
16-200
19-180
LLS, SEC, OS
LLS, SEC, OS
LLS, SEC, OS
LLS, SEC, OS
LLS, SEC, OS
LLS, SEC, OS
LLS, SEC, OS
LLS, SEC, OS
LLS, SEC, OS
OS5GPC
OS, GPC
OS, GPC
OS, GPC
OS, GPC
LLS, LS
LLS5LS
LLS, LS
OS
OS
OS
LS
LS
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
888
888
888
888
888
888
888
888
888
927
927
927
927
927
935
935
935
330
330
330
331
331
22
0.68
11-133
SV
332
4.37
6.3
12.3
0.736
0.78
0.72
18
7
21
-
10-260
1-300
0.6-520
OS
SD
SD
C
A
AJR
364
270
271
Temp.
(0C)
Methanol/toluene
(28.1/71.9, v/v)
Poly(a-methylstyrene) anionic, (ca. 50%-hetero, ca. 40%-syndio)
Benzene
30
30
Cyclohexane
34.5 (0)
37 (0)
38 (0)
38.6(0)
39
rrans-Decalin
9.5 (9)
Toluene
25
25
30
cationic
Benzene
30
(10%-hetero, 90%-syndio)
Cyclohexane
32.5 (9)
(19%-hetero, 80%-syndio)
33.3(0)
Toluene
30(0)
Benzene/methanol
30
(79.4/20.6, v/v)
10.0
1-Chloro-n-heptane
20.0
27.0
1-Chloro-n-octane
43.0
53.0
80.0
n-Hexyl acetate
85.0
Cyclohexane
34.5
trans-Deca\in
10.0
n-Butyl chloride
35.5
45
Chloroform
25
Tetrahydrofuran
25
Toluene
25
M-Butyl chloride
5
25
50
Poly(m-methylstyrene)
Benzene
30
Cyclohexane
30
Ethyl acetate
30
Poly(p-methylstyrene)
Diethyl succinate
16.4 (0)
Toluene
30
Poly(methylstyrene), position of substituent, unspecified
Cyclohexane
20
Poly[(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorostyrene)]
20
Poly(styrene)
Benzene
20
atactic
20
MoI. wt.
range
(xl<r4)
Method(s)
Remarks
Refs.
TABLE 1. cont'd
No. of samples
Polymer
Solvent
Butanone
Butyl chloride
n-Butyl chloride
Temp.
(0C)
#(xlO3)
(nuVg)
25
25
25
25
25
25
34
25
25
25
30
34
35
40.8
25
22.7
41.7
34.0
9.52
9.18
11.3
9.8
39
30.5
19.5
23
28.9
17.1
15.1
17.4
50
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
Cyclohexane
cw-Decalin
Decalin (100%-trans)
Decalin (13%~trans)
Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethane
Diethyl malonate
Diethyl oxalate
Dimethylformamide
Dioxane
Ethyl acetate/cyclohexane
(100/0-10/90)
10
20
30
40
50
25.7
25
25
30
28
34(0)
34(6)
34.5 (0)
35(6)
35(0)
35(0)
40
45
50
50
25
20
23
23.8(0)
25
30
60
18(0)
30
40
60
100
25
35
35
34.2 (0)
55.8 (0)
35
34
10
25
40
55
65
Fr.
0.72
0.60
0.65
0.744
0.743
0.73
0.737
0.58
0.60
0.635
0.62
0.60
0.64
0.659
0.662
(Af w >3.7x 104)
16.2
0.665
(M w >3.7x 104)
12.6
0.717
12.0
0.720
11.4
0.724
11.2
0.725
11.0
0.726
7.4
0.749
7.16
0.76
11.2
0.73
4.9
0.794
108.0
0.479
82
0.50
90.2
0.503
84.6
0.50
80
0.50
70
0.50
76
0.50
41.6
0.554
34.7
0.575
26.9
0.599
36.4
0.584
40
0.574
149
0.44
98
0.48
0.50
67
0.52
61
0.53
22
0.63
77
0.50
36
0.58
37
0.58
22
0.64
15.7
0.67
21.0
0.66
14.3
0.69
14.3
0.69
71.8
0.50
73.0
0.50
31.8
0.603
15.0
0.694
18.2-43.8
11.0
9.32
9.07
8.79
8.90
0.54-0.67
0.733
0.738
0.739
0.742
0.740
W.P.
MoI. wt.
range
(xlO~4)
Method(s)
Remarks
Refs.
9
U
6
6
10
10
16
5
7
7
10
13
5
8
7
-
0.2-0.8
0.1-1
0.04-0.8
3-61
3-70
7-180
8-80
1-180
7-150
12-280
40-370
8-80
4-640
29-106
0.97-67.5
CR
CR
EG
OS
LS
OS
DV
LS
OS
LS
LS
DV
LS
LS
LLS, SEC
C,L
B,L
A,L
A
A
A
A
A,R
A
A
B
A
A
B
A
272
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
276
279
280
281,282
752
283
933
0.97-67.5
LLS, SEC
933
4
8
5
4
7
15
9
8
3
8
10
10
10
10
7
8
7
7
7
6
4
4
4
4
4
6
7
11
11
3
3
5
10
6
6
6
6
6
-
1.8-180
1.8-180
1.8-180
1.8-180
1.8-180
62-424
12-280
7-150
19-373
0.6-69
1-70
0.6-69
14-200
8-42
3-200
4-137
4-137
4-137
4-137
4-52
4.8-2360
14-200
14-200
14-200
14-200
14-200
14-140
14-140
14-140
14-140
14-200
1-180
10-500
9-540
39-400
39-400
0.4-87
8-80
LV
LV
LV
LV
LV
LS
LS
OS
OS
OS
LV
OS
LS
LS
SD
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LV
LV
LS
DV
A-B
A-B
A-B
A-B
A-B
B
A
A
B
A
A
A
A1R
A
B
B
B
B
B
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
A
A
901
901
901
901
901
283
279
276
284
285
274
285
286
287
288
283
283
283
283
289
936
290
290
290
290
290
290
290
290
290
290
290
278
689
752
291
291
754
282
5
-
6
6
6
6
6
11-96
1.8-180
1.8-180
1.8-180
1.8-180
1.8-180
LV
LV
LV
LV
LV
A
A-B
A-B
A-B
A-B
A-B
939
901
901
901
901
901
TABLE 1. cont'd
No. of samples
Polymer
Solvent
Ethylbenzene
Ethylcyclohexane
Methylcyclohexane
Tetrahydrofuran
Toluene
atactic, anionic
Tnchloro benzene
Benzene/methanol
(74/26, v/v)
B utanone/methanol
(97.5/2.5, v/v)
(95.9/5.0, v/v)
(92.5/7.5, v/v)
(89/11, v/v)
Butanone/2-propanol
(6/1, v/v)
(82.6/17.4, v/v)
Chloroform/methanol
(90/10, v/v)
(80/20, v/v)
(75/25, v/v)
(74.7/24.3, v/v)
Dioxane/methanol
(65.1/34.9, v/v)
Toluene/methanol
(90/10, v/v)
(80/20, v/v)
(76.9/24.8, v/v)
(75.2/24.8, v/v)
Benzene
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexene
Decalin (66%-ds)
Decalin (99%-trans)
Dichloroethane
Dioctyl phthalate
Tetrahydrofuran
Temp.
(0C)
K(xlO3)
(ml/g)
25
17.6
0.68
70(0)
75
0.50
70(0)
76
0.50
70.5(0)
69.6
0.50
35
61.9
0.53
25
11.0
0.725
25
14
0.70
20
4.16
0.788
25
7.5
0.75
25
8.48
0.748
25
10.5
0.73
25
17
0.69
25
7.54
0.783
25
13.4
0.71
25
44
0.65
25
{a increases with M)
25
100
0.50
30
9.2
0.72
30
12.0
0.71
30
11.0
0.725
34
9.7
0.733
35
12.6
0.71
35
12.9
0.71
135
1.75
0.67
34(0)
89
0.50
Fr.
W.P.
MoK wt.
range
(xlO~ 4 )
7-150
36-127
?
39-400
5-100
1-100
Method(s)
Remarks
A
B
L
A,R,L
A
B
A-B
A
A
B
Refs.
5
2
?
3
?
-
10
8
7
6
9
?
5
10
8
9
8
7
W
16
?
~
9
-
4-137
12-280
4-52
16-100
1-160
5-80
7-150
0.5-4.5
0.08-3.7
0.05-0.5
4-146
40-370
8-85
S-SO
3-650
5-100
OS
LV
?
LV
LS
GPC
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
OS
OS
OS
CR
CR
LS
LS
OS
DV
LS
LS
10
8-80
DV
276
292
293
291
698
749
756
283
279
289
294
278
295
276
296
297
298
299
280
300
282
752
698
697
277
B
B
A
C
B
A
A
A,R
A
A
25
25
25
25(0)
22.4
26.3
35.7
73
0.62
0.60
0.57
0.50
8
8
8
8
12-280
12-280
12-280
12-280
LS
LS
. LS
LS
A
A
A
A
279
279
279
279
23(0)
34(0)
73
71.8
0.50
0.50
9
10
4-146
8-80
LS
DV
A
A
299
282
25
25
25
25 (0)
7.7
12
46
73
0.75
0.68
0.54
0.50
8
8
8
8
12-280
12-280
12-280
12-280
LS
LS
LS
LS
A
A
A
A
279,278
279,278
279,278
279,278
34(0)
72.6
0.50
10
8-80
DV
282
10.4
26
92
88
100
7.8
8.5
11.5
9.50
74.5
85
88
88
91
86
16.3
80
81
8.38
80
13.63
0 715
0.612
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.75
0.75
0.73
0.74
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.68
0.50
0.50
0.74
0.50
0.714
8
8
12
10
17
-
7
12
5
6
?
12
9
4
7
3
6
8
5
4
-
12-280
12-280
0.07-3.5
8-80
0.04-1
40-6000
2.5-150
25-300
31-500
?
0.04-150
31-970
1-6000
25-300
2-50
20-107
2-50
31-760
25-300
40-160
2-4000
LS
LS
DV
DV
VOS, EB
LS
VOS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS, OS, SD
A
A
A,L
A
A,L
A,R
A
A
A
B
A,R
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A,R
25
25
25
34(0)
25
25
30
30
30
34(0)
34.5 (0)
34.5(0)
34.5(0)
34.6 (0)
35(0)
25
12.2 (0)
20.4(0)
30
22.0(0)
25
17
13
279
279
298,297
282
301
750
301
302
649
304
301,303
649
750
302
305
306
303
649
302
303
753
TABLE 1. cont'd
No. of samples
Polymer
Solvent
Fr.
W.P.
MoI. wt.
range
(xlO4)
14.6
0.70
10.69
0.724
ll.2
0.72
9.77
0.73
34.5
0.62
8.81
0.75
10.4
0.73
9.5
0.77
10.6
0.735
25.9
0.734
17.9
0.677
11.0
0.725
9.3
0.72
(a decreases with M)
53
0.61
0.465
0.5
0.67
53
0.50
0.52
12.0
0.68
6.38
0.734
55.6
0.50
12.4
0.67
6
20
6
7
3
5
7
5
5
9
9
8
12
3
12
8
10
8
8
10
10
6
12
25
5
15
-
42-842
3-4000
3-24
1-104
0.4-230
25-300
2.6-50
4-75
4-37
9-32
2-100
3-37
15-71
30-200
8-300
8-300
25
5.7
0.76
35
36
0.55
35(6)
63.1
0.50
50
26.5
0.58
35
7.4
0.73
35 (0)
66.5
0.50
35
74.7
0.73
16.6-30.1 (0)
(depend on M w )
35
Not const.
34.5 (not 0) 30
0.5
34.5 (not 0) 24
0.5
34(0)
g' =0.94 (3 branches)*
g' =0.82 (4 branches)*
15
g' = 0.48 (9 branches)*
25
g ' = 0.90 (3 branches) *
34
g'=0.84 (4 branches)*
25
(0.344)
(1.0)
25
(0.312)
(1.0)
5
5
9
9
9
6
6
-
Temp.
(0C)
Thiophenol
Toluene
isotactic
25
20
20
25
25
30
30.3
30
30
30
25
30
30
25
35 (0)
30
25
35 (not 0)
40
35
34.5
35
30
25
25
40.0
35.0
Benzene
Chloroform
o-Dichlorobenzene
Toluene
branched, random type
head-to-head
Butanone
Cyclohexane
Toluene
Tetrahydrofuran
Cyclohexane
Tetrahydrofuran
ring
star type
three branches
four branches
Toluene
Cyclohexane
Toluene
Benzene
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
star type 3 arm
Toluene
Cyclohexane
Toluene
Cyclohexane
star type 15 arm

20 arm
star type, anionic
Toluene
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
regular H-shaped
Decalin
Toluene
Poly(styrenesulfonic acid)
(xlO3)
(ml/g)
Aq. HCl (0.52M)

Aq. NaCl (0.52M)
-, sodium salt
Aq. NaCl
(4.17M)
(0.5M)
(0.1 M)
(0.05M)
(0.02M)
(0.01 M)
(0.05M)
Aq. KCl
(3.1M)
a
g' = 0?] of branched molecules/fr] of linear molecules with
25(6)
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
same mol. wt.
Method(s)
Remarks
Refs.
A
A,R
0.69-43.6
16.1-43.6
0.69-43.6
3-27
4.4-27.6
3-27
?-18
3^27
0.7-44
0.7-44
LS
LS1 OS, SD
SD
SD
SD
LS
OS, LS
OS
OS
OS
LV
OS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
GPC
GPC
GPC
LLS, GPC
LS
LLS, GPC
LS
LLS, GPC
LS
LS
778
753
307
308
309
302
310
311
312
284
313
312
314
315
316
316
756
926
926
926
928
930
928
930
928
755
755
3-96
3-96
5-140
5-140
5-140
11-170
11-170
-
OS, GPC
OS, GPC
OS, LS
OS, LS
OS, LS
LS
LS
LS
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
757
757
758
758
758
759
759
931
A-B
A-B
931
941
941
304
304
318
304
304
365
365
4
3
86-302
26-148
LS
LS, OS, GPC
LS, OS, GPC
3
3
18-46
18-46
LV
LV
A,R
B
A
A
A-B,R
C-D
C
A-B
A-B7R
B-C
A
A
C
B
B
B
A-B
A-B
A-B
A-B
A-B
20.4
18.6
17.8
13.9
10.1
2.8
2.3
20.4
0.50
0.64
0.68
0.72
0.78
0.89
0.93
0.50
4
6
6
6
6
5
5
4
49-228
39-234
39-234
39-234
39-234
39-234
49-234
49-234
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
B
B,R
B
B
B
B
B
B
366
366
366
366
366
366
366
366
12.3
172
0.757
0.50
10
10
85-122
85-122
OS, LS
OS, LS
B
B
1011
1011
1.9. OTHERCOMPOUNDS
Poly(2-acrylamino-2-methylpropanesulfonarnide)
Water
Water/1,4-dioxane
(81.5/18.5, v/v)
25
25(0)
TABLE 1. cont'd
No. of samples
Polymer
PoIy(allylammonium chloride)
Poly[(bipheny!-4-yl)-ethylene]
Poly(terf-butyl crotonate)
Solvent
Aqueous NaCl (0.05 M)
(0.2M)
(0.5M)
(1.0M)
Benzene
Butyl chloride
Toluene
Poly(carbanilinoxyethylene),
(Poly(vinyl carbanilate))
Dioxane
Dioxane/methanol
(28/72, v/v)
Poly(dibutyl itaconate)
Toluene
Poly(dicyclohexyl itaconate)
Tetrahydrofuran
Toluene
Poly(didecyl itaconate)
Toluene
Poly(diethyl fumarate)
Benzene
Poly(didodecyl itaconate)
Toluene
Poly(diethyl itaconate)
Toluene
Poly[di(ethylcyclohexyl) itaconate]
Toluene
Poly(dihexadecyl itaconate)
Toluene
Poly(dihexy] itaconate)
Toluene
Poly(diicosayl itaconate)
Toluene
Poly(diisopropyl fumarate)
Benzene
Poly(dimethyl itaconate)
Benzene
Poly[di(methylcyclohexyl) itaconate]
Toluene
Poly(dioctyl itaconate)
Toluene
Poly(diphenylmethylene)
Benzene
Poly(diphenyl itaconate)
Toluene
Poly(dioctadecyl itaconate)
Toluene
Poly(dipropyl itaconate)
Toluene
Poly[di(propylcyclohexyl itaconate]
Pentyl acetate
Toluene
Poly(ditetradecyl itaconate)
Toluene
Poly(diundecyl itaconate)
Toluene
Poly( 1 -methoxycarbonyl-1 -phenylethylene)
Benzene
Chloroform
Ethylbenzene
Poly(monodecyl itaconate)
Tetrahydrofuran
Poly(monododecyl itaconate)
Tetrahydrofuran
Fr.
W.P.
MoI. wt.
range
(xMT4)
0.975
0.815
0.794
0.714
0.619
0.59
0.589
0.82
0.82
9
7
6
9
5
6
5
10
11
-
4.1-18
2.8-18
2.8-18
4.1-18
7-170
1-110
7-170
0.2-32
0.6-35
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LV
LS
OS, GPC
OS, GPC
B
B
B
A
A
900
900
900
900
264
264
264
760
760
13.7
0.68
11
6-200
LS
335
64.5
5.70
23.3
13.1
8.01
1.62
11.7
1.48
0.51
0.70
0.58
0.623
0.64
0.87
0.59
0.80
5
8
5
10
11
10
-
~
-
6-200
20-105
5-56
5-56
13-82
?-20
5-61
LS
LS
OS
OS
LS
OS, GPC
LS
LS
A
B
B
B
B
A-B
B
335
762
761
761
762
1009
945
762
0.73
0.60
0.72
0.56
0.98
_
11
8
_
-
12-122
_
4.7-30
LS
LS
LS
L
S
OS, GPC
B
B
A-B
763
945
762
945
1009
0.68
4-120
LS
762
0.76
0.71
0.328
0.69
0.59
0.78
13-102
11-163
1-90
5.7-57
13-109
LS
LS
?
LS
LS
LS
?
9
-
25
25
25
2.02
3.67
218
4.47
13.1
1.62
763
762
267
943
945
762
25
25
25
25
14.0
2.23
9.91
10.01
0.56
0.73
0.61
0.61
B
B
-
763
763
945
762
Temp.
(0C)
AT(XlO 3 )
(ml/g)
25
25
25
25
20
30
75
25
25
2.40
7.18
7.19
13.9
21.4
29.5
27.7
7.7
7.7
20
20(0)
25
25
25
25
30
25
25
25
2.62
25
H.4
25
3.71
25
14.3
30
0.753
(Wormlike behavior)
25
5.15
25
25
16-170
Remarks
Refs.
9-250
8
8
8
11
6-40
6-40
6-40
3.3-72.4
LS
LS
LS
LS, SEC
A
A
A
A
361
361
361
1006
0.65
1.7-233
LS, SEC
949
0.66
9.0-45
LS
943
0.65
12
6.5-52
LS
943
0.35
0.53
3
3
9-51
9-51
OS
OS
5.89
13.4
0.74
0.63
4
5
18-130
18-160
LS
LS
19.6
18.6
7.87
5.77
0.67
0.70
0.85
0.88
4
4
4
4
1-21
1-21
1-21
1-21
OS, GPC
OS, GPC
OS, GPC
OS, GPC
5.97
241
29.2
0.566
0.661
0.507
Not const.
16-91
16-91
Method(s)
LS
LS
LS
LS
30
35.6
30
12.7
15(6)
51.4
25
(Wormlike behavior)
25
11.2
(Wormlike behavior)
25
5.26
Poly[bis(phenylethyl) itaconate] Toluene

Poly[bis(phenyl-n-propyl) itaconate]
Toluene
25
Poly(9-vinyladenine)
Aq. NaCl (0.1 M)/
NaAs(CH3)2(0.1M); pH7 26
40
PoIy(I -vinyl-3-benzylimidazolium chloride)
Aq. NaCl (0.2M)
25
Methanol/N(CH3)4
25
Br(0.01 M)
Poly(4-vinylbenzyl trimethylamrnonium chloride)
Aq. NaCl (0.5 M)
25
(0.1 M)
25
(0.01 M)
25
(0.002 M)
25
830
830
B
B
813
813
764
764
764
764
TABLE 1. cont'd
No. of samples
Polymer
Poly(vinylcarbazole)
Solvent
Benzene
Bromobenzene
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
Cyclohexanone
1,2-Dichlorobenzene
1,3-Dichlorobenzene
Nitrobenzene
Tetrachloroethane
Tetrahydrofuran
Toluene
Poly(N-vinyl-3,6-dibromo carbazole)
p-Chloro-m-cresol
o-Chlorophenol
PoIy(I-vinylimidazole)
Aq. NaCl (0.1 M)
(5.0M)
Aq. NaSCN (0.1 M)
Methanol/N(CH3)4
Br(0.01 M)
protonated
Aq. HCl (0.1 M)/
NaCl(IM)
Poly(5-vinyl-2-methylpyridine)
Butanone
Dimethylformamide
Methanol
PoIy(I-vinylnaphthalene)
Benzene
Poly(2-vinylnaphthalene)
Benzene
Poly(3-vinylpyrene)
Decalin/toluene
(13/10, w/w)
Chloroform
1,2-Dichlorobenzene
Tetrahydrofuran
Benzene
Ben e
z ne
Benzene
Poly(2-vinylpyridine 1-oxide)
Butanone
Dimethylformamide
Dioxane
Methanol
Methyl ethyl ketone
Pyridine
2-Propanol
Pyridine
Pyridine
Ethanol/water
(92/8, w/w)
Benzyl alcohol
1-Butanol
Chloroform
Methanol
Temp.
(0C)
25
25
30
45
25
25
25
25
25
25
30
45
25
25
37 (0)
112.9(0)
60.0(0)
25
25(0)
25(0)
25
25(0)
Fr.
W.P.
MoI. wt.
range
(xlO4)
0.58
0.76
0.755
0.776
0.74
0.67
0.61
0.68
0.75
0.69
0.716
0.739
0.68
0.65
0.50
11
7
6
6
7
8
9
7
6
6
6
6
9
10
7
0.7-45
7-49
7-57
7-57
7-49
3-45
2-45
4-44
7-49
7-49
7-57
7-57
2-45
1-45
4-107
LS
GPC
GPC
GPC
GPC
LS
LS
GPC
GPC
GPC
GPC
GPC
LS
LS
OS
A
A-B
A-B
A-B
A-B
A
A
A-B
A-B
A-B
A-B
A-B
A
A
A
367
765
766
766
765
367
367
767
767
765
766
766
367
367
368
30.2
27.5
122
121
105
48.5
0.50
0.50
0.51
0.50
0.50
0.63
7
8
5
8
5
6
4.8-125
4.8-125
9-90
5-90
9-90
9-130
LS
LS
LS
LS
B
B
B
B
942
942
813
813
813
813
169
0.50
9-90
LS
813
375
376
377
377
376
375
264
264
268
264
264
269
IC(XlO 3 )
(ml/g)
30.5
5.14
5.23
4.44
5.93
13.6
20.0
11.0
5.6
9.25
7.19
6.03
12.9
14.4
76.2
Method(s)
Remarks
Refs.
25
25
25
25
25
25
20
75
17
20
75
30.2(0)
13.9
19
13.0
18.0
18.6
8.0
2.20
1.03
1.7
6.90
8.69
0.65
0.64
0.76
0.83
0.70
0.76
0.82
0.88
0.80
0.719
0.695
0.50
5
15
6
8
9
9
4
4
11
6
6
8
13-88
6-100
4-40
4-40
7-80
13-88
4-17
4-17
10-100
6-68
6-69
10-100
LS
LS
OS
OS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
A
A
A-B
A-B
A
A
B
B
25(0)
25
25
25
25
10
10
11-4(0)
12
15
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
51.0
11.7
31.8
6.6
17.0
151
149
81
56.0
31.8
97.2
14.7
30.9
11.3
93.3
9.84
18.4
9.9
13.8
12.2
0.500
0.655
0.547
0.72
0.64
0.445
0.43
0.50
0.53
0.59
0.47
0.67
0.58
0.73
0.480
0.727
0.67
0.73
0.69
0.73
9
9
9
3
14
5
5
5
5
5
14
14
14
14
5
5
5
4
14
14
3-50
3-50
3-50
3-11
3-93
9.4-196
9.4-196
9.4-196
9.4-196
9.4-196
3-93
3-93
3-93
3-93
9.4-196
9.4-196
9.4-196
9.4-196
3-93
3-93
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS, OS
LS, OS
LS, OS
LS, OS
LS, OS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS, OS
LS, OS
LS, OS
LS, OS
LS
LS
A
A
A
B,C
A
A
A
A
A
B,C
B,C
B,C
B,C
A
A
A
A
B,C
B,C
768
768
768
769
371
944
952
952
952
952
207
371
371
371
944
944
952
952
207
371
9.35
7.78
15.8
7.55
0.73
0.72
0.64
0.72
14
14
14
14
1.3-34
1.3-34
1.3-34
13-34
LS
LS
LS
LS
A-B
A-B
A-B
A-B
946
946
946
946
25
25
25
25
B
B
TABLE 1. cont'd
No. of samples
Polymer
Poly(vinylpyrrolidone)
Solvent
1-Propanol
2-Propanol
Ethanol
Water
Butanone/2-propanol
Ethanol/water
(92/8, w/w)
Chloroform
Methanol
Water
Acetone/water
(66.8/33.2, v/v)
Aq. Na 2 SO 4
(0.55M)
Poly( 1 - vinyl-2-pyrrolidone)
high M
low M
Poly(vinylsulfonic acid)
Aq. sodium acetate

(0.1 M)
Aq. sodium acetate
(0.1 M)
Aq. KBr (0.347 M)
Aq. KCl
(0.349 M)
(0.650 M)
(1.001 M)
Aq. NaBr
(0346 M)
Poly(vinyltrimcthylsilane)
1.10.
(1.008 M)
Aq. NaCi
(1.003 M)
(0.5M)
Cyclohexane
MoK wt.
range
(xlO4)
Method(s)
Remarks
3
-
1.3-34
13-34
1-4
10-185
10-185
7-224
7-224
LS
LS
SD
LS
LS
LS
LS
A-B
A-B
C
A-B
A-B
B
B
946
946
372
373
373
374
374
4
3
15
9
6
-
2
6
5
3
2-23
2-23
1-9
0.7-10
1-4
1-20
8-110
1.2-108
LS
LS
SD
LS
SD
SD
OS
LS
B
B
B
B,R
C,D
B
A,R
B
378
378
379
378
211
381
383
384
9-46
OS
770
4-220
948
0.2-4
948
Temp.
(0C)
/C(XlO 3 )
(ml/g)
Fr.
W.R
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
10.3
12.0
(1.51)
25.0
22.0
38.0
12.0
0.70
0.68
(0.52)
0.68
0.687
0.57
0.73
14
14
8
8
7
7
25
30
20
25
25
30
30
25 {0)
19.4
23
64
67.6
4.1
14
39.3
75.0
0.64
0.65
0.58
0.55
0.85
0.70
0.59
0.50
25 (0)
58.0
0.500
25
5.7(0)
15
30
50
5.5 (0)
25
26.0(0)
44.5(0)
-0.6(0)
10
20
30
40.1(0)
68.8
30.8
24.5
26.6
68.2
16.7
79.5
80.3
95.5
26.8
25.1
22.0
94.5
0.74
(Mixed)
0.53
(Mixed)
0.50
0.61
0.75
0.76
0.50
079
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.73
0.76
0.79
0.50
32.4(0)
20
25
96.1
21.5
8.2
0.50
0.65
0.71
5
5
6
-
4-39
0.3-3
59-213
LS
SD
LS
B
C
B
259
260
610
0.50
0.50
7
5
0.06-1.26
0.15-0.40
OS
OS
A
A
590
590
0.65
0.79
2-21
LS
0.743
0.502
11
8
2-53
LS
0.62
0.68
16
4
15-120
10-78
LS
LS
B
B
593
594
0.61
0.77
11
Il
19-56
19-56
LS
LS
B
B
595
595
0.74
14-58
LS
773
25
8.86
Refs.
64
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
4-39
8-39
8-39
8-39
4-39
4-39
4-39
4-39
4-39
8-39
8-39
8-39
4-39
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
259
259
259
259
259
259
259
259
259
259
259
259
259
COPOLYMERS
Poly(acrylonitrile-co-butadiene), see also Poly(butadiene-a?-acrylonitrile) in group 1.1

(18/82, w/w, random)
Toluene
25
251
(26/74, w/w, random)
Toluene
25
260
Poly(acrylonitrile-?-glycidyl methacrylate)
Dimethyiformamide
30
175
Poly(acrylonitrile-ctf-methyl acrylate)
Dimethyiformamide
20
17.9
Poly (acrylonitri Ie-j/fl/-methyl acrylate), (91.5/8.5, w/w)
Dimethyiformamide
25
21.3
Ethylene carbonate/water 25(0)
152
(82.5/17.5, w/w)
Poly(acrylonitrile-c<?-styrene)
(38.3/61.7, mol/mol,)
Butanone
30
36
Tetrahydrofuran
25
21.5
azeotropic
(62.6/37.4, mol/mol, random) Butanone
30
53
Dimethyiformamide
30
12
Poly(acrylonitrile-67ar-styrene)
(27.4/72.6, mol/mol)
Dimethyiformamide
30
12.0
591
B
592
772
772
TABLE 1. cont'd
No. of samples
Polymer
Solvent
Temp.
(0C)
K(XlO3)
(ml/g)
Fr.
(38.5/61.5, mol/mol)
Dimethylformamide
30
16.2
0.73
6
(47.5/52.5, mol/mol)
Dimethylformamide
30
17.2
0.73
6
Poly (aery lonitriie-a/f-styrene) (1/1, mol/mol)
Butanone
30
24.3
0.67
10
Dimethylformamide
30
7.63
0.76
9
Butanone/methanol
30(6)
140
0.50
10
(63.6/36.4, v/v)
Poly (aery lonitrile-co-vinylidene chloride) 58 wt.% AN
7-Butyrolactone
25
112
0.576
8
Dimethylacetamide
25
99.9
0.603
8
Dimethylformamide
25
102
0.591
8
Af-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
25
114
0.595
8
70 wt.% HNO 3
25
142
0.521
8
Poly(jP-aminobenzoic acid-jtaf-6-aminohexanoic acid) (1/1, mol/mol)
Dichloroacetic acid
30
23.7
1.13
4
30
132.5
0.99
4
Poly(butadiene-co-methacrylamide) (90/10, w/w, random)
Toluene
25
437
0.50
5
PoIy(butadiene-c<?-2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine)
Toluene
25
309
0.50
5
Poly(butadiene-co-styrene), see also Poly(butadiene-co-styrene) in group 1.1 (84/16 mol/mol, random)
Benzene
25
39.4
0.70
4
Dibutyl phthalate
56
472
0.40
6
2-Pentanone
23.8 (B)
167
0.50
5
Poiy(butyl itaconate-c<?-dibutyl itaconate), (40/60, mol/mol, random)
Acetone
25
575
0.32
6
Methanol
25
354
0.32
7
w-Xylene
25
1040
0.21
7
Poly(butyl methacrylate-a/f-styrene)
Butanone
25
5.3
0.76
10
Poly(butyl methacrylate-.yta/-styrene) (1/1, mol/mol)
Butanone
25
4.9
0.77
10
35
5.98
0.75
8
Cyclohexane
35
7.88
0.70
6
Poly(ferf-butylphenyl methacrylate)-.sf<2f-vinylpyrrolidone)
(33.7/66.3, mol/mol)
Benzene
25
118
0.53
5
Chloroform
25
105
0.57
5
(60.4/39.6, mol/mol)
Benzene
25
130
0.55
4
Chloroform
25
247
0.51
4
Poly(^-^r/-butylstyrene)-^/oc/c-poly(dimethyl-siloxane)-^/oc/:-poly(p-frr-butylstyrene) 28 wt.% PBS
Methyl ethyl ketone
10
252
0.39
4
15
58.9
0.50
4
20
40.5
0.54
4
31
19.3
0.61
4
38
10.7
0.66
4
Benzene
35
15.4
0.66
4
Methyl ethyl ketone
15(9)
58.9
0.50
4
20
40.5
0.54
4
31
19.3
0.61
4
Poly(/?-chlorostyrene-jfaf-methylmethacrylate), (52/48, mol/mol)
Benzene
27
7.94
0.72
9
Benzene/hexane
22.3(0)
64
050
8
(60/40, v/v)
Poly(4-chlorostyrene)->/ocA:-poly(styrene)-^/oc/:-poly(4-chlorostyrene), A * - B - A *
2k/n, (33/67, mol/mol)
40
6.24
0.76
Cumene
40
5.88
0.76
2k/n, (50/50, mol/mol)
40
6.63
0.74
Cumene
40
5.76
0.75
Poly(diethyl fumarate-a?-isobutene)
50/50, mol/mol
Benzene/petrol ether
20
340
0.44
4
Poly(diethyl fumarate-co-vinylcarbazole)
Benzene
25
14.6
0.67
6
W.P.
MoI. wt.
range
(xlO4)
Method(s)
Remarks
22-106
14-78
LS
LS
B
B
773
773
5-100
8-100
5-100
LS
LS
LS
B
B
B
774
774
774
4.2-50
4.2-50
4.2-50
4.2-50
4.2-50
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
961
961
961
961
961
12-60
12-60
LS
LS
0.09-0.11
OS
590
0.08-1.04
OS
590
2-51
2-51
7-51
OS
OS
OS
A
A
A
596
596
596
9-70
11-110
11-110
LS
LS
LS
B
B
B
597
597
597
32-320
LS
776
15-208
22-56
34-50
LS
LS
LS
B
B
B
776
777
777
33-96
33-96
OS
OS
OS
OS
C
C
C
C
779
779
779
779
12-129
12-129
12-129
12-129
12-129
9 3-128
9.3-128
9.3-128
9.3-128
OS5GPC
OS, GPC
OS, GPC
OS, GPC
OS, GPC
OS, LS
OS, LS
OS, LS
OS, LS
C-D
C-D
C-D
C-D
C-D
B
B
B
B
957
957
957
957
957
960
960
960
960
15-120
15-120
LS
LS
C
C
598
598
5
5
10
10
14-61
14-61
19-74
19-74
OS
OS
OS
OS
A
A
A
A
780
780
780
780
1-14
SD
599
2-13
LS
789
Refs.
775
775
TABLE 1. cont'd
No. of samples
Polymer
Solvent
Temp.
(0C)
K(XlO 3 )
(ml/g)
Poly(p-diethylphosphonomethylstyrene-c<?-styrene), (1/4, mol/tnol, random)

Benzene
20
1.95
0.90
Tetrachloroethane
20
0.0836
1.18
Poly(dimethyl itaconate-co-styrene)
(75/25, w/w)
Toluene
25
6.6
0.68
(67/33, w/w)
25
9.0
0.67
(59/41, w/w)
25
9.7
0.67
(49/51, w/w)
25
11.7
0.67
(29.5/70.5, w/w)
25
12.8
0.67
(27/73, w/w)
25
10.9
0.69
(0/100, w/w)
25
11.45
0.712
Poly(dimethyl siloxane-codiphenylsiloxane)
(54/45, mol/mol)
Benzene
25
40.7
0.60
Dimethyl phthalate
82.5
512
0.31
Ethanol/toluene
29.5 (6)
78
0.50
(37/63, w/w)
(66/34, mol/mol)
Benzene
25
15.6
0.68
Hexane
36(6)
141
0.44
Benzene/2-propanol
42(0)
74
0.50
(44/56, w/w)
Poly(divinylstyrene-a?-styrene), see also Poly(styrene), branched, random type, in group 1.8.
Benzene
25
37.2
0.70
Octane
21
162
0.50
Poly(ethyl acrylate-j/aMnethyl methacrylate), (80/20, mol/mol)
Acetone
25
62
0.57
Poly(ethyl methacrylate a/r-styrene)
Butanone
25
9.3
0.72
Poly(ethyl methacrylate-jfaf-styrene)
(1/1, mol/mol)
Butanone
25
12.0
0.70
Poly(ethylene-co-a-methyl-styrene), [(ET)w (MS) ,Jp
m/n = 3/4
Cyclohexane
30
92
0.56
Dioxane
30
76
0.58
Toluene
30
32
0.68
Butanone/cyclohexane
30(6)
135
0.50
(60/40, v/v)
m/n = 5/4
Cyclohexane
30
65
0.60
Dioxane
30
89
0.56
Toluene
30
37
0.66
Butanone/cyclohexane
30(0)
140
0.50
(75/25, v/v)
m/n = 5/7
Cyclohexane
30(0)
112
0.50
Dioxane
30
123
0.49
Toluene
30
56
0.58
Poly(hexadecyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate)
(25/75, mol/mol, random)
Heptane
25
85.0
0.38
Propyl acetate
25
17.1
0.62
Chloroform
25
36.3
0.57
Heptane
25
6.9
0.65
Propyl acetate
25
53.6
0.50
Chloroform
25
53
0.54
Heptane
25
32.0
0.52
Propyl acetate
25
91.3
0.43
PoIy(I-hexene-co-sulfur dioxide), see Poly[sulfonyl(butylethylene) in group 3.10.
Poly(isobutene-co-isoprene), see group 1.2.
Poly(isoprene)-&/<?d:-poly(styrene), see group 1.1.
Poly(maleic acid-a//-styrene)
DN6 = 9.5
Aq. NaCl (0.02M)
25
395
0.59
0.50
25
37.3
0.67
0.20
25
0.51
0.87
0.10
25
0.01
0.98
Poly(methacrylic acid-co-methyl)methacrylate) (7.4/92.6, w/w)
Acetone
20
3.4
0.74
b
Fr.
W.P.
MoI. wt.
range
(xlO" 4 )
5
11
15-50
9-51
SV
SV
B
B
6
6
8
7
8
8
12
6-22
4-19
5-38
6-24
7-36
6-40
3-58
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
683
683
683
683
683
683
683
5
5
5
7-57
11-57
7-35
OS
OS
OS
A
A
A
596
596
596
4
4
4
3.7-100
3.7-100
3.7-100
LS
LS
LS
A
A
A
596
596
596
5
6
5-80
5-80
SD
SD
10
65-800
LS
114
19-470
LS
776
10
3-185
LS
776
5
5
5
5
0.7-6
0.7-6
0.7-6
0.7-6
SA
SA
SA
SA
B
B
B
B
604
604
604
604
5
5
5
5
0.8-7
0.8-7
0.8-7
0.8-7
SA
SA
SA
SA
B
B
B
B
604
604
604
604
4
4
4
1.5-7
1.5-7
1.5-7
SA
SA
SA
B
B
B
604
604
604
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
4-47
4-47
16-195
4-47
4-47
10-154
4-47
4-47
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
605
605
605
605
605
605
605
605
7
7
7
7
29-130
29-130
29-130
29-130
LV
LV
LV
LV
B
B
B
B
842
842
842
842
26-105
LS
Method(s)
Remarks
Refs.
602
602
607
DN-Degree of neutralization
TABLE 1.
Polymer
cont'd
Solvent
Temp.
(0C)
K (xlO3)
(ml/g)
No. of samples
Fr.
W.P.
Poly(4-methoxystyrene-jfaf-styrene)
(24.4/75.6, mol/mol)
Toluene
25
7.0
0.75
9
(26.4/73.6, mol/mol)
Butanone
25,50
40
0.585
8
Toluene
25
18.6
0.68
8
(46.2/53.8, moVmol)
Toluene
25
7.3
0.755
13
(53.0/47.0, mol/mol)
Butanone
25(0)
100
0.49
7
Toluene
25
37
0.615
7
(74.0/26.0, mol/mol)
Toluene
25
8.2
0.755
9
(75.6/34.4, mol/mol)
tert-Butylbenzene
25 (0)
83
0.49
6
Toluene
25
16.9
0.673
7
Poly(methyl acrylate-Jta/'-methylmethacrylate)
(17/83, w/w)
Butanone
25
11.7
0.70
4
(29/71, w/w)
25
11.1
0.63
4
(67/33, w/w)
25
36.6
0.60
4
Poly(methyl acrylate-co-styrene)
Benzene
30
8.93
0.744
16
Butanone
30
21.1
0.640
12
43.5 (0)
77
0.50
8
Benzene
30
7.18
0.759
9
Butanone
30
11.4
0.696
4
35.0(0)
76
0.50
7
Butanone
30
10.7
0.724
9
Ethyl acetate
35
41.6
0.57
9
Benzene
30
6.15
0.780
6
Butanone
30
11.3
0.703
4
36.6 (0)
76
0.50
6
Benzene
30
7.42
0.766
6
Butanone
30
9.16
0.728
5
29.4 (0)
75
0.50
5
Poly(methyl methacrylate-co-p-isopropylstyrene), 2/3, mol/mol, graft
Butanone
25
0.021
1.11
Poly(methyl methacrylate-co-2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine) (85/15, mol/mol, random)
Acetic acid
25
170
0.51
3
Poly(methyl methacrylate-co-styrene)
1-Chlorobutane
40.8
16.6
0.609
5
1-Chlorobutane
30
17.6
0.67
9
Cyclohexanol
64.0(0)
71.6
0.51
4
Toluene
30
8.32
0.75
10
1-Chlorobutane
30
24.9
0.63
10
Cyclohexanol
64.0(0)
70.0
0.51
4
Toluene
30
13.2
0.71
11
Butanone
25
15.4
0.675
11
1-Chlorobutane
40.8
49.0
0.575
5
1-Chlorobutane
30
24.9
0.63
10
Cyclohexanol
68.0(0)
97.3
0.47
5
Toluene
30
11.4
0.70
8
1-Chlorobutane
40.8
27.6
0.617
5
nearly equimolar,
three blocks (MSM)
Cyclohexanol
81.0(0) lim M v v ôM e /M l / 2 = 63
PS% 86.1-90.4, graft (S on M;
Mps= 0.7-1.0 x 104)
Benzene
25
[77] = 0.00918 M J 5 7 4 V 7 7
Butanone
25
\rj\ = 0.0390 M j ^ V ' 5 9
graft
Bromoform
56
0.6
6
Poly(methyl methacrylate)-6/od:-poly(styrene), A*-B,,, k/n, (54/46, w/w)
Butanone
30
9.4
0.69
6
1-Chlorobutane
30
22.4
0.60
6
Toluene
30
7.3
0.73
6
Poly(2-methyl-l-pentene-c0~sulfur dioxide), see Poly[sulfonyl(l-methyl- 1-propylethylene)], group 3.10.
Poly(a-methylstyrene-co-styrene)
Benzene
20
14.4
0.69
5
PoIy(I -octadecane-a/r-maleic acid)
Ethyl acetate
25
55
0.48
6
MoL wt.
range
(xlO~ 4 )
Method(s)
Remarks
4-42
7-80
7-80
3.5-70
7-80
7-80
5-35
7-80
7-80
OS
LV
LV
OS
LV
LV
OS
LV
LV
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
781
782
782
781
782
782
781
782
782
56-208
37-137
71-187
LS
LS
LS
B
B
B
131
131
131
2.6-80
2.6-80
2.6-80
6.6-36
6.6-36
6.6-36
6.7-24.4
18-116
7-40
12-40
7-40
7.2-28
8.9-28
6.5-24
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
OS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
129
129
129
129
129
129
129
133
129
129
129
129
129
129
31-65
LS
37-150
LV
612
20-82
5-55
5-55
5-55
5-81
10-81
4.8-81
5-227
18-115
4.8-81
15-106
7-106
20-100
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
613
614
614
614
614
614
614
615
613
614
614
614
613
3.4-147
LS
616
83-121
53-285
180-320
LV
LV
LV
5.8-93
5.8-93
5.8-93
LS
LS
LS
A
A
A
783
783
783
18-80
SV
332
2.4-9.9
LS
956
Refs.
611
617
617
618
Next Page
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
Temp.
K(xlO3)
( 0 C)
(ml/g)
No. of samples
range
a
Fr.
Poly(octyl methacrylate-a//-styrene)
Butanone
25
7.4
0.72
11
Poly(octyl methacrylate-staf-styrene), (1/1, mol/mol)
Butanone
25
7.8
0.71
10
Poly(styrene)-6/oc/c-poly(butadiene)-^/oc/c-poly(styrene) 50 wt.%-PS
Toluene
30
71.3
0.62
7
Poly(styrene)-/7/ocA:-poly(4-chloro-styrene)-^/oc^-poly(styrene), B,,-A*-B
k/2n, (33/67, mol/mol)
40
6.10
0.77
Cumene
40
3.99
0.79
fc/2n, (50/50, mol/mol)
Butanone
30
8.14
0.72
40
5.58
0.76
Cumene
40
6.84
0.74
Toluene
30
4.62
0.79
k/ln, (66/34, mol/mol)
40
5.94
0.74
Cumene
40
5.21
0.75
Poly(styrene-cc-sulfur dioxide), see Poly[sulfonyl(phenylethylene)], group 3.10.
Poly(styrene)-gra/?-poly(methyl methacrylate), MMA content, 13 wt.%
Bromoform
(16.5)
(0.58)
5
Poly(styrene)-frfoc-poly(dimethylsiloxane) 12-62% PS
Methyl ethyl ketone
25
Various
Various
Various
Poly(styrene-c0-monoethyl rnaleate)
Acetone
26.4(0)
51.1
0.50
9
Dioxane
25
11.2
0.702
9
Tetrahydrofuran
25
7.50
0.695
9
-, sodium salt
Aq. NaCl
(0.005 M)
25
5.8
0.87
4
(0.01 M)
25
5.5
0.85
5
(0.03M)
25
6.3
0.80
5
(0.05M)
25
Il
0.73
5
(0.075M)
25
10
0.71
5
(0.15M)
25
15
0.65
5
(0.3M)
25
21
0.60
5
(0.6M)
25
55
0.50
5
Poly(styrene)-Z?/<?c-poly(2-vinylpyridine) 50 wt.%-PS
Benzene
10
35.2
0.605
4
Methyl ethyl ketone
25
31.9
0.587
4
Pyridine
25
9.02
0.734
4
TABLE 2.
MoI. wt.
W.P.
(xlO4)
Method(s)
Remarks
12-450
LS
776
10-198
LS
776
5.7-140
OS, LS
A-B
958
4
4
8
8
8
8
4
4
20-82
20-82
31-89
31-89
31-89
31-89
15-54
15-54
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
OS
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
780
780
780
780
780
780
780
780
17-196
SD
784
Various
OS, GPC
B-C
955
20-180
20-180
20-180
LS
LS
LS
A
A
A
317
317
317
40-130
40-180
40-180
40-180
40-180
40-180
40-180
40-180
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
317
317
317
317
317
317
317
317
6.5-153
6.5-153
6.5-153
LS 5 OS
LS, OS
LS, OS
A
A
A
944
944
944
MoI. wt.
range
M(xlO4)
Method
Remarks
Refs.
Polymer
Poly(acenaphthenylene)
Solvent
Benzene
Temp.
(0C)
(ml/g)
25
30.04
25
Poly(4,7-dimethylindene)
Poly(6-methylindene)
Ethylene chloride
Dioxane
Methylene chloride
Toluene
Benzene
Benzene
25
25
25
25
25
25
2.82
20.0
11.5
6.92
6.76
3.5
34
No. of samples
tf(xlO3)
a
Fr.
WP
0.594
Il
Refs.
2-100
OS
262
0.74
4-100
LS
A,B
263
0.54
0.61
0.66
0.66
0.77
0.60
6
7
5
17
9
13
6-125
6-145
6-145
3-175
5.8-140
30-1320
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
LS
A,B
A,B
A,B
AJB
C,D
CD
263
263
263
263
811
811
P o l y m e r - S o l v e n t
I n t e r a c t i o n
P a r a m e t e r s
N . Schuld, B.A. W o l f
lnstitut fur Physikalische Chemie Universitat Mainz Mainz, FR Germany
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
A.
Introduction
Concentration Variables
Conversion of Concentration Variables
Basic Equations
Methods of Determination
Temperature Dependence
Concentration Dependence
Molecular Weight Dependence
Polymer-Solvent Interaction Parameters, x
References
VII-247
VII-247
VII-247
VII-247
VII-248
Vl 1-249
VII-249
VII-250
VII-250
VII-262
2. Weight fractions w,:
(B2)
m{
3. Segment fractions S1- (hard core volume fractions):

(B3)
V* molar hard core volume (characteristic volumes) of
components related to reduced volumes V,- by
Vi = ViJVt* (11).
INTRODUCTION
The classical thermodynamics of binary polymer-solvent

systems was developed independently by P. J. Flory (1-3)
and M. L. Huggins (4-6). It is based on the well-known
lattice model qualitatively formulated by K. H. Meyer (7),
who pointed out the effect of the differences in molecular
size of polymer and solvent molecules on the entropy of
mixing. The quantitative calculation of the entropy of
mixing led to the introduction of a dimensionless quantity,
the so-called Flory-Huggins interaction parameter x> f r
the thermodynamic description of polymer solutions.
It was evident from the beginning that \ iS a function of
T\ however, at first \ was considered to be independent of
the concentration of the polymer. Subsequent experiments
have shown the necessity of treating x a s a function of
composition (8,9). Furthermore, x also depends on M 2 (the
molecular weight of the polymer), not only at high dilution,
but - according to recent experiments (10) - even at high
concentrations of polymers.
C. CONVERSION OF CONCENTRATION VARIABLES
py pi are the densities of the solution and of the pure

component i, Xjp w\/p\ + W2/P2',
p*, p* are the hard core (characteristic) densities of the
solution and of the component 1, p* = Mi/V*
where Af,- is the molar mass, l/p* = w\/p\ +
W2/V2;
V, V1 are the reduced volumes of the solution and of the
component i.
B. CONCENTRATION VARIABLES
Since the numerical value of the interaction parameter
depends on the concentration variable chosen, one has to
specify it in each case. The following three quantities are
most frequently used, where the subscript 1 stands for the
solvent and the subscript 2 for the polymer:
D.
1. Volume fractions </?,:
(Bl)
n j moles of component i
Vi molar volume of component i
weight of component i
BASIC EQUATIONS
The reduced molar Gibbs energy of mixing, &Gy[/RT, is

given by the following equation:
(Dl)
where X1 is the mole fraction of component i, R is the gas

constant, T is the absolute temperature and g stands for the
integral polymer-solvent interaction parameter; g refers to
the interaction (mixing of the pure liquid compounds) of a
solvent molecule with a polymer segment, the size of which
is defined by the molar volume of the solvent. This
definition implies some difficulties as soon as mixed
solvents or solvents with more than one segment are
considered.
Alternatively, the Gibbs energy of mixing can be normalized to the volume, so that it reads
:
torial behavior:
(D8)
(D9)
(DlO)
From phenomenological thermodynamics, one obtains
the interrelations between these parameters, given in
Eqs. (D11-D13):
(D2)
(DIl)
where B is an interaction energy-density parameter

that no longer depends on the definition of a segment,
and relates to g and molar volume of the segment Vseg
by
(D12)
(D13)
(D3)
The sum
(D4)
of Eq. (Dl) is the combinatorial part of AGM- The
remaining term
(D5)
is the so-called reduced residual Gibbs energy of mixing.
Partial differentiation of AG/RT with respect to ni,
the number of moles of solvent, or t%2, the number of
moles of polymer, respectively, yields the reduced partial
molar Gibbs energy of mixing of the solvent
AG i/RT = AjJi1ZRT, or the reduced partial molar Gibbs
energy of mixing of the polymer, AG2/RT = A[A2/RT:
(D6)
Since it is the chemical potential of the solvent that is

normally measured, x *s practically the only interaction
parameter that can be directly obtained. In the following
text, the term polymer-solvent interaction parameter
(Flory-Huggins parameter) is, therefore, exclusively
applied to xE. METHODS OF DETERMINATION
Rearrangement of Eq. (D6) yields
(El)
METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF POLYMER-SOLVENT
INTERACTION PARAMETERS
Typical range of
concentration
Methods
V? 2 ~0
Scattering methods
LS
SAXS
SANS
0 < <p2 < 0.3
Osmosis
Light scattering
Critical miscibility
(only applicable
with poor solvents)
Differential vaporpressure methods
OS
LS
CM
0.3 <(pi < 0.8
Vapor-pressure
methods
VP
(p2 - 1
Inverse gas
chromatography
(gas liquid
chromatography)
IGC
(D7)
N = V2/V\ (where V1 = Vseg), the ratio of the molar
volumes of the components is, in general, different from
the degree of polymerization but proportional to it; x anc*
are the Flory-Huggins interaction parameters in the
differential equation for the solvent and for the polymer,
respectively.
Separating AGi and AG 2 like AG M (Eqs. D1-D5) into
a combinatorial and a residual contribution yields the
following expressions for the different interaction parameters, which demonstrates that they measure the
deviation of a real polymer solution from purely combina-
Abbreviation
in text
AVP
Refs.
20
129
21-25
26
3
27-30
Since AGi RT In a \, the interaction parameter x ls

accessible from the measured activity of the solvent. In
order to get the information for the entire range of
concentrations, a combination of several methods is
necessary. The table given on the previous page shows
the concentration ranges for the applicability of the most
commonly used methods, the abbreviations used in the text
to specify the method, and some pertinent references.
Information stemming from the following sources is not
incorporated in the tables: melting point depression of
polymer (3,12,13), freezing point depression of solvents
(8), swelling equilibria (3,14-17), and intrinsic viscosities
(18,19).
According to experimental information, three characteristic behaviors can be distinguished:

1. Very often, x increases greatly with polymer concentration, particularly in the case of poor solvents. The
systems benzene/polyisobutylene (PIB) (21,31,32),
n-pentane/polyisobutylene (33,34), and cyclohexane/
polystyrene (22) (Figs. 1 and 2) constitute examples.
Benzene/PIB 7=0 = 250C

n-pentane/PIB
T = 25C
F. TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE
X
The temperature dependence of \ can be described for most

systems exhibiting UCSTs by means of the following
equation:
(Fl)
Cyclohexane/PfB
T = 25C
Knowing the temperature dependence of x, it is possible

to split this quantity in its enthalpic and entropic part (^H
and xs)(F2)
where
<p2
(F3)
Figure
1.
Examples for t h e v a r i a t i o n
of the
Flory-Huggins
i n t e r a c t i o n p a r a m e t e r , x (Eq. D 1 4 ) , w i t h t h e v o l u m e f r a c t i o n (p2
(F4)
of p o l y m e r for t h e systems b e n z e n e / p o l y O s o b u t y l e n e ) (PIB), np e n t a n e / P I B a n d c y c l o h e x a n e / P I B at t h e i n d i c a t e d t e m p e r a t u r e s .
G. CONCENTRATION DEPENDENCE
The following expression for the Flory-Huggins parameter
was deduced on the basis of the lattice theory (25):
Cyclohexane/PS
T = e = 34c
(Gl)
where a and 7 are constants within a certain temperature
range and {3 varies with T (/? = PQ + Px /T).
For the integral interaction parameter, g, the equation
reads:
x
n-octane/PDMS
T s 200C
(G2)
Toluene/PS
T = 25C
For an analytical representation of the experimentally

found concentration dependence, the following power
series with n = 2 is normally adequate:
V2
(G3)
Figure 2 .
Examples for
the variation
of t h e
Flory-Huggins
i n t e r a c t i o n p a r a m e t e r , x (Eq- D 1 4 ) , w i t h t h e v o l u m e f r a c t i o n ^
of p o l y m e r for t h e systems c y c l o h e x a n e / p o l y s t y r e n e
(G4)
octane/poly(dimethyl
(PS),
n-
siloxane) (PDMS) a n d t o l u e n e / P S at t h e
indicated temperatures.
COEFFICIENTS X0/ Zi/ X2 <Ecl- G3> O F SYSTEMS SELECTED FOR

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION (Figs. 1 AND 2)
System
T/(0C)
Xo
25
25
25
34
20
25
0.506
0.484
0.440
0.507
0.501
0.431
Benzene/PIB
n-Pentane/PIB
Cyclohexane/PIB
Cyclohexane/PS
/z-Octane/PDMS
Toluene/PS
Xi
0.229
0.184
-0.083
0.149
-0.035
-0.311
Xi
Refs.
0.317
0.080
0.068
0.464
0.042
-0.036
2131,32
33,34
30,31,35
22
36
37
2. In some cases, x seems to be independent of composition, as proposed by the original Flory-Huggins theory.
These findings mainly concern good solvents; examples
are the systems cyclohexane/polyisobutylene (30,31,35)
and n-octane/poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) (36)
(Figs. 1 and 2).
3. In a few cases, mostly with highly exothermal systems, x
decreases with concentration, as with toluene/polystyrene (37) (Fig. 2).
The lines drawn in Figs. 1 and 2 have been calculated by
means of Eq. (G3) and the coefficients Xi> collected in the
table given above.
H.
MOLECULAR WEIGHT DEPENDENCE
dilute polymer solutions, depend markedly on Mi_\ since

this quantity is closely related (cf. Eq. II) to x i t s
dependence on chain length in this concentration regime
is obvious. Recent experiments (10) have shown that x
may depend on the molar mass of the polymer even for
concentrated solutions. Furthermore, there is some
evidence (given in Ref. 60, resulting from a common
valuation of the data given in Refs. 83,58,33,30 and 90,
and from a comparison of the results reported in Refs. 99
and 110) that even Xoo> the x parameter for an infinitely
large excess of polymer, may depend on chain length.
According to the few presently available experimental data,
a reduction of x upon an increase of Mi according to some
scaling law seems to be the normal case.
I.
POLYMER-SOLVENT INTERACTION PARAMETERS, X
Values of the polymer-solvent interaction parameters,

defined by Eq. (El) in terms of volume fractions, have
been collected. They are tabulated as a function of polymer
concentration for various temperatures. Data given on the
basis of segment fractions, 2, or weight fractions, w>2, were
converted into volume fractions </?2.
If needed, Xo can be calculated from the second osmotic
virial coefficient A 2 (see corresponding chapter in this
Handbook by means of the following equation:
Second osmotic virial coefficients, as obtained from

osmotic pressure or light scattering measurements with
Solvent
T (0C)
M1 (kg/mol)
x (0.0)
x (0.2)
(H)
x (0.4)
Cellulose acetate 2.5

Acetone
Dioxane
Methyl acetate
Pyridine
30
30
30
30
104
104
104
104
0.30
0.31
0.43
0.07
0.51
0.51
0.59
0.09
Cellulose acetate 3.0

Dichloromethane
Trichloromethane
25
30
157
157
0.38
0.36
0.45
0.45
Cellulose acetate x
Dimethylformamide
Dimethylformamide
50
70
36
36
Cellulose nitrate 2.6

Acetone
Acetonitrile
Cyclopentanone
Dioxane
Ethyl acetate
Ethyl formate
Isopentyl acetate
Isopropyl ketone
Methyl isopropyl ketone
Methyl tert-butyl ketone
Nitromethane
rc-Propyl acetate
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
100
100
100
100
130
130
130
100
100
100
100
130
0.14
0.42
0.04
-0.08
-0.89
0.62
-0.5
0.16
0.66
-0.38
0.06
0.59
0.07
1.2
-0.43
-0.14
-1.8
-0.08
-0.52
-1.5
0.64
-0.83
x (0.6)
x (0.8)
x (LO)
0.49
0.51
0.67
0.39
0.55
0.31
-0.37
0.42
-0.71
-0.25
-1.35
-0.42
-3.3
-1.7
-1.6
-2.8
0.6
-2.0
-1.24
0.12
-2.4
-1.7
-3.2
-3.7
0.45
-4.1
-0.1
Method
Refs.
VP
VP
VP
VP
38
38
38
38
VP
VP
39
39
VP
VP
40
40
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
41
41
41
41
42
42
42
41
41
41
41
42
Solvent
T (0C)
M2 (kg/mol)
* (0.0)
x (0.2)
* (0.4)
x (0.6)
z (0.8)
x (1.0)
Method
Refs.
0.52
0.35
0.55
0.74
0.67
0.44
0.51
1.02
VP
VP
VP
VP
43
43
43
44
1.28
VP
40
0.6
0.47
VP
VP
VP
45
45
46
47
Cellulose, hydroxypropyl
Acetone
Ethanol
Tetrahydrofuran
Water
25
25
25
25
Poly (aery lonitrile)

Dimethylformamide
70
30.6
65
65
25
25
17
17
0.49
53
0.41
140-200
140-200
140-200
7
7
7
0.54-0.30
0.59-0.27
0.08-0.56
IGC
IGC
IGC
48
48
48
140-200
140-200
140-200
140-200
7
7
7
7
1.34-1.24
0.82-0.48
0.75-0.57
0.84-0.39
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
48
48
48
48
13.1
13.1
65.2
13.1
13.1
13.1
13.1
13.1
13.1
13.1
65.2
13.1
12.2
65.2
13.1
13.1
13.1
13.1
13.1
200
13.1
13.1
13.1
13.1
13.1
13.1
13.1
13.1
13.1
13.1
13.1
13.1
13.1
13.1
13.1
13.1
13.1
65.2
13.1
13.1
1.64-1.32
2.86-2.36
IGC
IGC
VP
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
VP
IGC
IGC
VP
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
VP
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
VP
IGC
IGC
49
49
50
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
50
49
49
50
49
49
49
49
49
51
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
50
49
49
Poly(oc-methyl styrene)
Cumene
a-Methylstyrene
Toluene
Poly(arylate)
Chlorobenzene
o-Dichlorobenzene
Diethylene glycol
diethyl ether
rc-Dodecane
Ethylbenzene
Tetralin
p-Xy lene
Poly(butadiene)
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Benzene
40-100
40-100
23.5
40-100
1-Butanol
40-100
Butyl acetate
40-100
Butyronitrile
40-100
l-Chlorobutane
40-100
1-Chloropentane
40-100
1-Chloropropane
40-100
Cyclohexane
23.5
40-100
Dibutylether
40-100
Dichloromethane
23.5
Diethylether
40-100
Diethylketone
40-100
Dipropylether
40-100
Ethanol
40-100
Ethyl acetate
40-100
Ethylbenzene
80
Ethylcyclohexane
40-100
n-Heptane
40-100
1-Heptene
40-100
w-Hexane
40-100
1-Hexene
40-100
Methanol
40-100
Methyl acetate
40-100
Methyl cyclohexane
40-100
Methyl ethyl ketone
40-100
Methyl isobutyl ketone 40-100
n-Octane
40-100
1-Octene
40-100
-Pentane
40-100
1-Propanol
40-100
2-Propanol
40-100
Propionitrile
40-100
Propyl acetate
40-100
Tetrachloromethane
23.5
Tetrachloromethane
40-100
Tetrahydrofuran
40-100
100
100
100
100
0.47
0.46
0.51
0.51
0.47
0.6
0.06
0.02
0.26-0.19
2.76-1.64
0.52-0.45
1.90-1.57
0.33-0.25
0.37-0.32
0.36-0.30
0.26
0.22-0.15
0.37-0.34
0.27
0.12
0.43-0.40
0.82-0.67
0.51-2.26
3.41-2.30
0.86-0.69
0.31
0.37
0.09-0.04
0.36-0.31
0.25-0.23
0.37-0.38
0.32-0.28
3.85-2.70
1.14-0.92
0.17-0.13
1.19-0.97
0.95-0.72
0.34-0.28
0.23-0.20
0.44-0.36
2.97-1.97
2.94-1.86
2.25-1.82
0.67-0.55
-0.04
-0.12
0.10-0.15
0.35-0.29
Solvent
Toluene
Trichloromethane
Trichloromethane
Poly(butene-l)
n-Decane
n-Heptane
n-Nonane
n-Octane
Poly(decene)
Toluene
Acetone
Benzene
Cycloheptane
Cyclohexane
Cyclooctane
Cyclopentane
n-Decane
Diisobutyl ketone
1,4-Dioxane
Ethyl n-butyl ketone
Ethylbenzene
n-Heptane
Hexamethyl disiloxane
n-Hexane
T ( 0 C)
M2 (kg/mol)
40-100
23.5
40-100
13.1
65.2
13.1
115-135
115-135
115-135
115-135
10
10
10
10
30
213.9
100
20
25
25
25
25
25
25
25-70
25-70
30
30
30
30
30
40
40
25-70
20
25
25
25-70
30
30
25-70
25-70
20
35
25-70
100
35
23.5
25-70
25-70
20
20
25-70
25-70
30
23.2
25
25
25
25-70
20
20
25
25-70
25-70
30
30
30
50
1.54
4.17
10
15.7
50
50
50
50
6.65
15.65
26
89
89
1.54
4.17
50
50
10
50
50
x (0.0)
% (0.4)
% (0.6)
x (08)
fl-0)
0.14-0.12
-0.2
0.49
0.56
0.41
89
50
50
30
80
50
0.44
0.46
0.44
0.39
0.35
0.64
0.56
0.71
0.65
0.66
0.66
0.76
0.66
0.77
0.72
0.8
0.73
0.82
0.73
0.85
0.75
0.71
0.71
0.72
0.45
0.74
0.81
0.73
0.63
0.48
0.50
0.50
0.43
0.43
0.42
0.46
0.05-0.07
0.30
0.38
0.32
0.36
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
52
52
52
52
0.32
VP
53
1.33
0.85
(0.76)
IGC
VP
VP
VP
OS1VP
VP
VP, IGC
IGC
VP, IGC
IGC
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP, IGC
OS
OS, VP
VP, IGC
VP, IGC
VP
VP
VP, IGC
VP, IGC
54
36
55
55
56
57
58
59
58
59
60
60
60
61
60
55
55
58
62
56
58
58
63
64
58
58
65
66
58
54
66
36
58
59
65
36
58
59
64
36
55
55
58
58
40
65
61
58
59
67
67
67
0.79
0.79
0.81
0.79-0.74
0.81-0.75
0.74
0.75
0.74
0.77
(0.72)
(0.83)
0.56-0.53
0.47
0.47
0.47-0.48
0.42
0.45
0.66-0.61
0.42-0.46
0.64
0.52
0.40
0.63
0.7
0.45
0.45
0.46
0.3
0.27
0.21
0.28
0.25
0.22
0.43
0.26
0.24
0.25
0.40
0.41
0.37
0.38
0.38
Refs.
49
50
49
1.32-1.18
1.06
0.54
Method
IGC
VP
IGC
-0.34
0.49
80
50
50
50
30
50
50
50
89
50
1.54
4.17
50
50
30
89
50
50
6.65
15.65
26
% (0.2)
0.77-0.73
0.83-0.78
0.50
0.48
0.48-0.50
0.50-0.49
0.45
0.25
0.28
0.28-0.34
0.45
0.50
0.43
0.46-0.47
0.45
0.39
0.40
0.41
OS
VP, IGC
IGC
OS
VP
VP, IGC
IGC
VP
VP,IGC
IGC
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP, IGC
VP, IGC
VP
VP
VP, IGC
IGC
VP
VP
VP
Solvent
T (0C)
M 2 (kg/mol)
30
30
30
35
25-70
20
25
30
35
50
20
25
100
25-70
25-70
25-70
25-70
25-70
25-70
140
89
89
89
89
50
80
280
50
80
80
80
50
50
30
50
50
4.17
50
50
50
144
4.17
50
50
30
50
50
m-Xylene
<?-Xylene
23.2
20
20
20
25
25
25-70
35
35
40
25-70
25-70
20
20
25
100
100
20
25
25
25
25-70
25-70
40
100
30
100
20
25
25-70
25
25
25-70
25-70
25-70
Poly(dodecene)
Toluene
30
94.9
Poly(e-caprolactam)
Tetrachloromethane
65
10.7
Poly(epichlorohydrin)
Acetone
Benzene
100
100
Mesitylene
Methyl ethyl ketone

2-Methylbutane
2-MethyIheptane
2-Methylhexane
3-Methylhexane
2-Methylpentane
Octamethylcyclotetra siloxane
Octamethyltrisiloxane
n-Octane
n-Pentane
Tetrachloromethane
Toluene
Trichloromethane
/7-Xylene
x (0.0)
x (0.2)
x (0.6)
X (1.0)
0.41
0.38
0.40
0.41
0.43
0.40
0.41
0.42
0.95-0.86
0.57
0.51
0.64
0.79
0.57
0.56
0.54
0.39
1.10
0.49-0.47
0.52-0.50
0.45-0.46
0.46
0.45-0.43
0.45-0.43
0.42
0.51
0.38
0.25
0.22
0.19
0.17
0.50
0.50
0.36
0.51
0.49
0.40
0.52
0.50
0.44
0.14
0.53
0.55
0.51
0.52
0.56-0.52
0.54
0.42
0.45
0.50
0.40
0.40
0.43
0.41
0.40
0.59
0.53
0.64
0.58
0.59
0.72
0.65
0.65
0.63
89
30
4.17
50
50
50
50
50
50
* (0.8)
0.50
50
50
50
50
50
50
10.1
50
1.54
4.17
50
50
50
4.17
x (04)
0.68
0.64
0.35
0.35
(0.44)
0.45-0.49
0.41-0.43
0.48
0.40
0.45
0.31
0.36
0.82
(0.74)
0.75
0.75-0.71
0.80-0.75
(0.69)
0.59
0.65
0.60
0.43
0.38
0.58
0.67
0.34
0.47
0.61
0.54
0.46
0.39
0.45-0.43
0.78
0.75
0.80-0.77
0.82-0.76
0.86-0.80
0.74
0.28
0.25
Method
Refs.
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP, IGC
OS
OS
VP
OS
OS
OS
IGC
IGC
VP, IGC
IGC
VP, IGC
IGC
VP, IGC
IGC
VP
61
64
67
61
58
66
68
69
66
66
66
59
54
58
59
58
59
58
59
70
VP
VP
VP, IGC
VP
VP, IGC
IGC
VP, IGC
VP, IGC
36
65
36
62
55
58
59
59
71
55
58
59
65
36
58
54
54
36
55
55
58
58
59
55
54
72
54
65
55
58
36
58
59
58
58
VP
53
VP
73
IGC
IGC
54
54
VP
OS
VP
VP, IGC
IGC
IGC
OS
VP
VP, IGC
IGC
VP
VP1IGC
IGC
IGC
VP
VP
VP
VP, IGC
VP, IGC
IGC
VP
IGC
VP
IGC
Solvent
n-Butane
1-Butanol
Butyl acetate
Chlorobenzene
1-Chlorobutane
Chloromethane
1-Chloropentane
Cycloheptane
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexene
Cyclooctane
Cyclopentane
/z-Decane
1,1-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethane
Dichloromethane
1,4-Dioxane
Ethanol
Ethyl acetate
Ethyl benzene
n-Heptane
n-Hexane
Methyl acetate
Methyl ethyl ketone
n-Nonane
n-Octane
n-Pentane
1-PentanoI
Propane
1-Propanol
Propyl acetate
Tetrachloromethane
Tetrahydrofuran
Toluene
Trichloroethylene
Trichloromethane
n-Undecane
Dichloromethane
Tetrachloromethane
Toluene
Trichloromethane
Poly(ethylene glycol)
Ethylbenzene
Benzene
Cyclohexane
rc-Decane
Ethanol
n-Octane
Toluene
Trichloromethane
Poly(ethylene)HD
ds-Decalin
T( 0 C)
M 2 (kg/mol)
x (0.0)
x (0.2)
x (0.4)
* (0.6)
x (0.8)
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
23.5
23.5
23.5
23.5
70
70
70
70
144
144.4
144
144
-0.94
2
3.272
4
6
50.3
70
70
100
100
100
100
100
99.8
100
100
6.1
100
6.1
149
105
0.38
0.18
0.19
0.14
0.14
x (1.0)
Method
1.65
1.12
0.36
0.24
0.62
0.36
0.65
1.19
1.25
0.84
1.20
1.16
2.12
0.33
0.20
0.18
0.04
1.58
0.35
0.44
1.79
1.72
0.39
0.20
1.99
1.89
1.64
1.03
1.71
1.22
0.33
0.69
0.01
0.31
0.46
0.53
0.25
2.24
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
-0.52
-0.01
0.19
-1.05
-0.66
-0.12
0.15
VP
VP
VP
VP
74
74
74
74
0.87
0.42
0.85
0.71
0.83
0.45
0.82
0.69
VP
VP
VP
VP
75
40
75
75
0.1
0.23
0.12
0.22
0.09
0.26
-0.55
VP
VP
VP
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
VP
IGC
IGC
76
73
76
54
54
54
54
54
40
54
54
0.07
IGC
77
0.13
1.23
2.10
0.70
1.85
5.2
0.41
Refs.
0.3
Solvent
T (0C)
fmj-Decalin
rt-Decane
149
145-190
149
185
2,4-Dimethyl hexane
149
3,4-Dimethyl hexane
149
n-Dodecane
149
Ethylbenzene
149
Mesitylene
149
2-Methylheptane
149
3-Methylhexane
149
rc-Nonane
149
rc-Octane
149
Tetralin
149
Toluene
149
2,2,4-Trimethyl hexane 149
2,2,4-Trimethyl pentane 149
m-Xylene
149
p-Xylene
149
Poly(ethylene)LD
Benzene
1-Butanol
Chlorobenzene
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexanol
cw-Decalin
rra/w-Decalin
n-Decane
2,4-Dimethyl hexane
2,5-Dimethyl hexane
3,4-Dimethyl hexane
rc-Dodecane
125-135
135
135
125-135
135
120-145
120-145
120-145
120-145
120-145
120-145
110-145
120-145
Ethylbenzene
120-145
n-Heptane
108.9
Mesitylene
120-145
3-Methyl heptane
120-145
3-Methylhexane
120-145
H-Nonane
120-145
H-Octane
120-145
Phenol
135
Tetrachloromethane
135
Tetralin
120-145
Toluene
120-145
Trichloromethane
135
2,2,4-Trimethyl hexane 120-145
2,2,4-Trimethyl pentane 120-145
m-Xylene
120-145
/>-Xylene
120-145
Poly(heptene)
Toluene
Poly(isobutylene)
Benzene
M2 (kg/mol)
x (0.0)
% (0.2)
* (0.4)
x (0.6)
* (0.8)
105
105
105
105
105
105
105
105
105
105
105
105
105
105
105
105
105
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
0.45
82
82
82
82
82
0.29
0.31
0.34
30
224.1
0.48
0.45
0.43
10
25
25
25
25
25
25
25-50
25-65
26.9
39.6
40
0.67
0.78
0.92
0.57
0.50
0.66
0.75
0.88
0.76
0.82
0.82
0.80
Refs.
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
77
28
77
78
77
77
77
77
77
77
77
77
77
77
77
77
77
77
77
0.43-0.36
1.38
0.34
0.18
1.22
0.03
0.02-0.00
0.25-0.26
0.34-0.32
0.35
0.25
0.18
0.23-0.24
0.33
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
79
79
79
79
79
77
77
77
77
77
77
28
77
77
80
77
77
77
77
77
79
79
77
77
79
77
77
77
77
VP
0.91
1.06
0.87
0.86
0.57
0.73
0.70
Method
0.05
0.18
0.31
0.12
0.38
0.31
0.28
0.37
0.28
0.39
0.40
0.34
0.36
0.32
0.39
0.35
0.40
0.34
0.32
0.24-0.25
0.31-0.30
0.33-0.34
0.28
0.31-0.30
1.5
0.24
0.29-0.28
0.34
0.41
0.29-0.28
0.34
0.29
0.27-0.28
82
82
82
82
40
(10)
0.2
82
82
40
40
40
50
90
66
40
0.91-0.79
0.86-0.61
1.07
IGC
IGC
IGC
VP
53
VP
IGC
VP
IGC
IGC
VP
OS
IGC
IGC
VP
VP
32
30
32
81
83
82
21
30
83
84
32
Solvent
n-Butane
Chlorobenzene
Cyclohexane
2,2-Dimethylpropane
Ethylbenzene
n-Heptane
^-Hexane
Methyl ethyl ketone
2-Methylbutane
n-Nonane
n-Octane
n-Pentane
Tetrachloromethane
Toluene
Trichloromethane
Poly(isoprene)
Acetone
Benzene
T (0C)
40
40
40-65
60
65
65
80
100
100
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25-65
25-50
40-65
40
40
60
65
100
25-46
35
25
40
25
25-65
25
25
25-65
100
25-35
35-46
25
25
25
25-65
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25-50
25-65
35
35
40
45
55
100
100
100
25
10
25
25
25
25
M2 (kg/mol)
% (0.0)
x (0.2)
x (0.4)
50
50
53
50
50
100
50
26.1
40
40
40
50
50
66
40
66
53
50
50
50
50
* (0.8)
0.69
0.65
0.75
0.74
0.52
0.73
0.73
0.4
0.60
0.74
0.74
0.49
0.42
0.41
0.33
0.37
* (1.0)
0.83
0.87-0.77
0.69
0.75
0.74
0.58
0.65
0.70
0.403
0.42
0.43
0.56
0.54
0.44
0.43
0.54-0.42
0.43-0.40
0.47-0.42
0.30
0.33
0.38
0.45
0.41
0.38
0.52
0.48
0.39
0.82-0.87
1000
1000
50
50
0.34
0.4
40
40
40
50
40
1000
1000
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
50
62
66
1000
66
40
62
1000
62
62
62
x (0.6)
0.82
0.55
0.5
0.57
0.57-0.47
0.65
0.4
0.4
0.63-0.50
1.55
0.65
0.65-0.68
0.49
0.52
0.44
0.48
0.57
0.62
0.68
0.48
0.53
0.57
0.62
0.63
0.48
0.53
0.57
0.62
0.63
0.58
0.62
0.57
0.56
0.63
0.62
0.63
0.62
0.62
0.63
0.63
0.63
0.53
0.52-0.43
0.75
0.73
0.72
0.28
0.68
0.70
0.68
0.70-0.60
0.72-0.57
0.62
0.48
0.60
0.78
100
100
0.40
0.41
0.41
0.42
0.41
0.39
0.40
0.41
0.43
0.41
1.27
0.43
0.41
0.43
0.42
1.8
0.41
0.46
0.43
Method
VP
VP
Refs.
VP
VP
VP
VP
IGC
VP
VP
VP
VP
82
85
86
82
82
82
85
87
87
88
35
81
83
82
89
30
83
30
86
82
82
85
82
87
90
90
82
82
IGC
IGC
IGC
VP
IGC
IGC
VP
VP
IGC
IGC
OS
IGC
VP
IGC
IGC
VP, IGC
VP
IGC
VP
IGC
IGC
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
IGC
IGC
IGC
81
83
81
82
83
87
90
90
81
81
91
83
34
81
83
58
33
30
90
30
83
33
90
33
33
33
87
87
87
VP
VP
OS, VP
IGC
VP
VP
92
93
94
96
95
93
VP
VP
VP
VP
IGC
IGC
OS
VP
IGC
IGC
VP
OS
IGC
IGC
IGC
Solvent
T (0C)
25-55
40
40
Ethyl acetate
25
25
50
50
Ethylbenzene
25-55
-Heptane
25-55
/i-Hexane
25-55
Methyl ethyl ketone
25
45
2-Methylheptane
25-55
2-Methylhexane
25-55
2-Methylpentane
25-55
n-Octane
25-55
n-Pentane
25-55
Tetrachloromethane
23.5
Toluene
25-55
30
Trichloromethane
23.5
2,2,4-Trimethylpentane 25-55
p-Xylene
25-55
Poly(methyl acryiate)
Acetone
Benzene
n-Butane
1-Butanol
n-Butylbenzene
tert-Butylbenzene
n-Butylcyclohexane
Cyclohexane
ris-Decalin
trans-D&cahn
n-Decane
Dichloromethane
1,4-Dioxane
n-Dodecane
Ethanol
Ethyl acetate
Ethylbenzene
n-Heptane
n-Hexane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Naphthalene
n-Nonane
n-Octane
n-Pentane
Propane
n-Tetradecane
Tetrahydrofuran
Tetralin
3,3,4,4-Tetramethylhexane
Toluene
Trichloromethane
3,4,5-Trimethylheptane
1,2-Dichloroethane
100
90-110
100
100
90-110
90-110
90-110
90-110
90-110
90-110
88-110
23.5
100
90-110
100
100
90-110
100
100
100
100-110
100
90-110
100
100
90-110
100
90-110
90-110
90-110
23.5
90-110
90-110
90-110
23.5
50
50
M2 (kg/mol)
x (0.0)
x (0.2)
% (0.4)
x (0.6)
* (0.8)
0.82
0.81
0.77
0.79
0.41
0.41
0.96
0.96
0.91
0.92
100
0.69
0.68
0.68
100
0.86
0.83
1.05
0.99
0.20
0.10
0.42
0.25
0.38
0.16
x U-O)
0.46-0.43
0.44
0.44
1.24
1.23
0.34-0.30
0.51-0.49
0.54-0.50
1.43
1.20
0.50-0.47
0.52-0.50
0.56-0.52
0.49-0.46
0.61-0.53
0.36-0.32
270
100
0.46
0.49-0.46
0.28-0.26
0.4
0.51-0.46
1.86
0.79
1.15-1.05
1.03-0.95
2.34-2.13
1.72-1.51
2.07-1.84
2.13-1.90
2.68-2.43
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
63.2
-0.22
-0.43
0.20
3.00-2.75
1.01
0.43
0.83-0.75
2.10
2.08
0.40
0.49-0.47
2.4
2.38-2.19
1.92
2.5
3.36-3.06
0.34
1.04-0.95
2.17-1.95
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
63.2
200
200
200
33.2
5.5
8.43
0.67-0.62
-0.53
-0.58
2.44-2.20
2.48-2.21
2.35-2.07
-0.63
0.25
0.14
-0.7
0.17
0.21
-0.74
0.32
0.33
Method
Refs.
IGC
IGC
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
IGC
IGC
IGC
VP
VP
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
VP
IGC
VP
VP
IGC
IGC
96
96
93
97
92
97
92
96
96
96
92
92
96
96
96
96
96
50
96
98
50
96
96
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
VP
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
54
99
54
54
99
99
99
99
99
99
99
74
54
99
54
54
99
54
54
54
99
54
99
54
54
99
54
99
99
IGC
VP
IGC
IGC
IGC
99
74
99
99
99
VP
VP
VP
74
40
40
Solvent
3,3-Dimethyl-2butanone
Mesitylene
Tetrachloromethane
Toluene
/7-Xylene
Poly(n-butyl acrylate)
Benzene
Toluene
Trichloromethane
Poly(n-butyl methacrylate)
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Benzene
1,2-Dichloroethane
Ethanol
Ethyl acetate
rc-Hexane
Mesitylene
Methyl ethyl ketone
1-Propanol
2-Propanol
Toluene
Trichloromethane
m-Xylene
o-Xylene
Poly(c-chlorostyrene)
Benzene
T(0C)
70
70
50
50.2
69.3
70.3
130
50
50.2
69.7
70.7
23.5
48.5
49.8
50
50
50.1
69.6
70
70
70.4
160
50
70
100
136.2
23.5
23.5
23.5
120
120
50.5
50.8
40
60
80
120
120
100
50.5
120
120
27
56
86
50.2
50.5
120
70.8
71.3
M2 (kg/mol)
(0.4)
x (0.6)
x (0.8)
5.5
8.43
3.15
0.06
0.21
0.31
0.45
0.33
0.28
0.34
VP
VP
VP
40
40
100
8.56
3.15
8.56
8.43
3.16
8.56
3.15
8.56
33.2
19.77
3.16
36.41
72
8.56
3.16
36.41
72
8.56
110
8.43
8.43
8.46
8.46
0.55
0.55
0.63
0.57
0.85
0.56
0.6
0.57
0.53
0.6
0.46
0.74
0.99
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
100
100
100
40
100
100
100
100
74
101
100
40
40
100
100
40
100
100
102
100
100
100
100
VP
VP
VP
74
74
74
IGC
IGC
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
IGC
IGC
VP
VP
IGC
IGC
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
IGC
VP
VP
103
103
40
40
104
104
104
103
103
40
40
103
103
104
104
104
40
40
103
40
40
VP
VP
VP
105
105
105
(0.0)
x (0.2)
35
35
36.8
36.8
8.9
8.9
8.9
35
35
36.8
36.8
35
35
8.9
8.9
8.9
36.8
36.8
35
36.8
36.8
607
607
607
Poly(octadecene)
Toluene
30
193.5
Poly(/?-bromostyrene)
Toluene
20
10
0.59
0.56
0.62
0.53
0.53
0.60
0.50
0.51
0.58
0.53
0.45
0.44
0.51
0.65
0.62
0.66
0.45
0.45
0.69
0.51
0.53
0.73
0.63
0.51
0.50
0.71
0.67
0.89
0.77
0.46
0.89
0.84
0.73
0.63
0.17
0.05
-0.39
0.02
z (1.0)
0.89
0.71
33
33
33
25
40
40
Methyl ethyl ketone
0.12
-0.32
0.93
1.40
0.509
0.484
0.477
0.492
0.432
0.399
0.57
0.55
0.53
0.54
0.49
0.46
0.21
0.41
0.68
0.66
0.63
0.65
0.59
0.54
0.24
0.01
0.14
0.37
0.86
0.8
0.76
1.09
0.99
0.89
0.41
0.3
0.44
1.38
1.19
1.01
0.67
0.78
0.62
1.01
1.29
1.11
0.95
Refs.
0.82
0.72
0.64
0.17
1.03
0.88
0.77
0.48
0.26
0.4
0.27
0.56
0.58
0.56
0.60
0.62
0.83
0.51
0.74
VP
53
0.64
0.65
VP
106
0.10
0.50
Method
0.62
0.67
1.02
Solvent
T (0C)
M 2 (kg/mol)
% (0.0)
% (0.2)
x (0.4)
x (0.6)
z (08)
x (10)
Method
Refs.
Poly(p-chlorostyrene)
Toluene
22
10
0.53
0.58
0.55
VP
106
Poly(p-methyl styrene)
Toluene
20
10
0.41
0.4
0.35
VP
106
500
500
3.35
0.16
0.15
0.45
0.03
0.08
0.48
VP
VP
VP
107
107
108
1.72
0.51
0.22
1.11
IGC
IGC
IGC
VP
87
87
87
109
1.01
0.18
0.22
1.66
1.55
0.29
0.55
0.43
0.61
VP
IGC
VP
VP
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
109
29
87
109
109
87
87
87
87
IGC
VP
VP
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
VP
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
CM, LS
LS, CM
CM, LS
CM
IGC
IGC
110
111
111
112
110
110
110
110
113
113
114
37
115
115
116
115
115
116
115
115
116
78
117
110
118
30
102
99
110
110
110
110
120
119
120
120
99
99
Polypropylene glycol)
Benzene
Methanol
Poly(propylene)
Acetone
Benzene
Cyclohexane
2,4-Dimethyl3-pentanone
n-Hexane
w-Octane
3-Pentanone
Tetrachloromethane
Tetrahydrofuran
Toluene
Trichloromethane
Poly(styrene)
Acetic acid
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Aniline
Benzaldehyde
Benzene
Benzyl alcohol
1-Butanol
2-Butanol
n-Butyl acetate
tert-Butyl acetate
n-Butylbenzene
*-Butylcyclohexane
47.2
74.7
25
100
100
100
25
45
80
100
25
45
100
100
100
100
162-229
25
50
150
162-229
162-229
162-229
162-229
20
20
23.5
25
30
30
40
50
50
60
70
70
80
120
133-210
162-229
140-200
150-200
130-155
160-180
162-229
162-229
162-229
162-229
10
30
50
143-183
183-203
160-180
-0.03
0.02
-0.07
-0.02
20
0.55
0.61
0.7
0.86
20
0.57
0.57
0.64
0.79
0.70
0.70
0.82
0.71
1.08
0.97
0.81
0.80
0.94
0.92
20
20
20
15.7
15.7
17.5
20
20
20
20
20
500
600
90
19.2
103.8
218
19.2
103.8
218
19.2
103.8
218
200
20
76
97
275
120
20
20
20
20
11
11
11
11
120
120
3.00-2.15
1.1
0.65
1.30-0.56
2.02-0.93
1.11-0.68
1.22-0.80
0.57
0.49
0.42
0.37
0.39
0.46
0.30
0.32
0.41
0.54
0.26
0.45
0.53
0.25
0.32
0.40
0.14
0.21
0.44
0.19
0.26
0.3
0.35
0.28
0.26
0.21
0.31
0.27
0.35
0.23
0.33
0.32-0.20
0.66-0.13
0.59-0.60
0.38
0.31-0.28
0.29-0.24
1.42-0.65
1.47-0.82
1.71-0.81
1.01-0.45
0.50
0.50
0.49
0.54
0.54
0.53
0.64
0.64
0.63
0.73-0.52
0.38-0.35
0.77-0.71
Solvent
Chlorobenzene
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexanone
ds-Decalin
trans-Decalin
n-Decane
Di(-propyl)ether
<?-Dichlorobenzene
1,2-Dichloroethane
Dichloromethane
Diethyl ether
Diisopropyl ether
Dimethylformamide
1,4-Dioxane
n-Dodecane
Ethanol
Ethyl acetate
Ethylbenzene
Ethylene glycol
T ( 0 C)
162-229
20
30
30
30
30
30
30
34
35
35
40
40
44
45
45
50
50
50
55
60
60
65
65
70
70
80
150
140-200
162-229
160-180
162-229
183-203
183-203
140-200
183-203
20
133-210
162-229
23.5
162-229
162-229
162-229
140-200
20
20
50
133-171
162-229
183-203
162-229
150
162-229
30
50
50
70
70
130
140
150
120-185
133-210
140-200
160-180
162-229
M2 (kg/mo!)
i (0.0)
% (0.2)
% (0.4)
20
500
% (0.6)
* (0.8)
% (1.0)
0.68
0.92
0.78
0.79
0.87
0.71
0.69
0.75
0.77
0.98
0.89
0.92
0.93
1.14
0.75
0.75
0.76
0.72
0.91
0.92
0.92
0.93
(1.15)
0.73
0.66
0.52
0.72
0.66
0.62
0.72
0.85
0.82
0.73
(1.02)
0.73
0.78
0.89
(0.82)
0.60
0.65
0.57
0.68
0.65
0.65
0.71
0.8
(0.70)
0.81
0.91
0.68-0.28
0.57
19.2
100
103.8
150
218
25.1
51
233
100
218
25.1
51
233
100
103.8
150
233
100
218
51
233
19.2
103.8
218
17.5
76
20
120
20
120
120
76
120
500
200
20
600
20
20
20
76
200
500
10.3
200
20
120
20
17.5
20
230
19.2
103.8
19.2
103.8
275
275
17.5
200
76
275
20
0.47
0.65
0.57
0.56
0.56
0.64
0.63
0.49
0.57
0.55
0.55
0.48
0.34
0.53
0.55
0.59
0.48
0.53
0.51
0.55
0.50
0.50
0.49
0.64
0.63
0.71
0.92
0.47
1.05-0.85
1.11-0.46
0.62-0.53
1.08-0.49
0.47-0.42
0.52-0.46
1.51-1.13
1.01-0.94
0.59-0.30
0.85-0.22
0.24
0.10
0.62-0.21
0.78-0.71
1.42-0.41
1.29-1.16
0.67
0.40
0.88
0.23
0.28
0.35
0.44
0.61
0.35
0.44
0.78
0.40
0.66
0.75
0.74
0.71
0.33
0.43
0.91
0.65
0.83
0.39
1.10
0.52-0.39
0.95-0.42
1.09-1.00
1.80-0.43
0.46
1.14-0.35
0.43
0.46
0.27
0.22-0.14
0.40-0.23
0.57-0.58
0.32-0.25
3.77-2.23
Method
IGC
VP
CM
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
OS, VP
LS
HSGC
VP
VP
OS, VP
LS
HSGC
VP
VP
VP
HSGC
VP
VP
LS
HSGC
VP
VP
VP
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
VP
IGC
IGC
VP
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
VP
VP
VP
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
VP
IGC
Refs.
110
113
25
115
121
115
122
123
22
23
124
121
116
22
23
124
121
115
122
124
121
116
23
124
115
115
116
112
118
110
99
110
99
99
118
99
113
117
110
114
110
110
110
118
113
113
101
117
110
99
110
112
110
123
125
125
125
125
102
102
112
29
117
118
102
110
Solvent
Formamide
n-Heptane
n-Hexadecane
n-Hexane
Methanol
Methyl cyclohexane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Naphthalene
Nitrobenzene
n-Nonane
n-Octane
n-Octane
/-Octane
1-Octanol
n-Pentane
1-Pentanol
3-Pentanone
1-Propanol
2-Propanol
Propyl acetate
Pyridine
Styrene
Tetrachloromethane
n-Tetradecane
Tetrahydrofuran
Tetralin
Toluene
Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
T(0C)
M1 (kg/mo!)
162-229
140-200
162-229
183-203
162-229
162-229
72
25
48.5
70
120-200
133-171
162-229
183-203
162-229
130-175
150
162-229
162-229
162-229
162-229
162-229
20
20
120-200
162-229
162-229
25
70
162-229
133-210
20
23.5
133-171
162-229
183-203
162-229
183-203
160-180
20
76
20
120
20
20
110
290
10.3
290
35
200
20
120
20
53.7
17.5
20
20
20
20
20
200
500
9
20
20
290
290
20
200
500
600
200
20
120
20
120
120
20
20
22
23.5
25
25
25
25
25
40
45
48.5
49.8
60
65
69.5
80
100
110
130
133-210
162-229
140-200
23.5
162-229
200
500
10
600
51
90
100
170
290
218
51
10.3
45
218
51
45
290
103.8
275
275
200
20
76
600
20
x (0.0)
0.49
x (0.2)
0.58
* (0.4)
0.67
0.63
0.63
* (0.6)
0.69
0.67
0.63
(0.8)
x (1.0)
Method
4.11-3.16
1.49-1.14
1.33-0.25
1.22-1.14
1.35-0.03
2.19-0.44
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
OS
VP
VP
VP
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
VP
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
VP
VP
IGC
IGC
IGC
VP
VP
IGC
IGC
VP
VP
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
110
118
110
99
110
110
126
127
101
127
128
117
110
99
110
51
112
110
110
110
110
110
113
113
128
110
110
111
111
110
117
113
114
117
110
99
110
99
99
VP
VP
VP
VP
LS
VP
SAXS
OS
VP
VP
LS
VP
VP
VP
LS
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
IGC
IGC
IGC
VP
IGC
113
113
106
114
23
37
129
130
127
116
23
101
40
116
23
40
127
131
102
102
117
110
118
114
110
0.77
0.73
0.72
1.13-0.9
0.80-0.67
L16-0.36
0.13-0.11
1.18-0.72
1.00-0.97
1.24
2.19-0.80
1.72-0.35
1.14-0.55
1.12-0.83
1.75-0.86
0.63
0.65
0.65
0.95
0.87
1.54/1.38/1.4
1.71-0.27
1.74-0.15'
0.66
0.61
0.66
0.6
0.66
0.59
1.02-0.23
0.23/0.28/0.23
0.37
0.37
0.31
0.49-0.19
0.90-0.26
1.14-1.08
0.70-0.16
0.20-0.11
0.90-0.76
0.40
0.44
0.43
0.37
0.37
0.41
0.37
0.35
0.52
0.41
0.39
0.39
0.34
0.33
0.30
0.40
0.23
0.16
0.42
0.37
0.36
0.31
0.37
0.34
0.33
0.45
0.35
0.32
0.53
0.37
0.57
0.35
0.48
0.37
0.57
0.42
0.25
0.37
0.40
0.52
0.40
0.07
0.3
0.35
0.21
0.18
0.32-0.21
0.67-0.04
0.57-0.56
-0.1
0.69-0.12
Refs.
Solvent
Trichloromethane
Water
m-Xylene
o-Xylene
m-Xylene
T( 0 C)
Vinyl acetate
Poly (vinyl methyl ether)
Acetone
Cyclohexane
Ethyl acetate
Ethylbenzene
rc-Octane
% (0.2)
* (0.4)
0.52
0.45
0.32
0.34
8.6
109.1
170
1041
170
110
150
150
150
150
150
68.5
68.5
68.5
68.5
68.5
(0.6)
0.23
0.23
(0.8)
z(1.0)
0.17
0.14
1.4-1.48
0.43-0.01
4.40-3.10
0.61
0.48
0.53
0.52
0.52
0.43
0.43
0.39
0.38-0.25
0.72-0.26
0.39-0.35
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
25
30
30
30
30
40
30
Poly (vinyl methyl ketone)

n-Decane
83-163
rc-Dodecane
113-173
n-Heptane
73-163
n-Nonane
73-163
n-Octane
73-163
n-Undecane
83-163
).
% (0.0)
25
290
50
290
120-200
9
162-229
20
162-229
20
100
19.2
100
19.2
100
103.8
100
1538
133-210 200
162-229
20
130-175
53.7
Poly(tert-butyl methacrylate)
Benzene
50
69.5
Ethylbenzene
69.5
Mesitylene
100
Methyl ethyl ketone
50
69.5
3-Pentanone
50
Tetrachloromethane
50
Toluene
100
50
69.6
Trichloromethane
50
m-Xylene
69.5
<?-Xylene
69.5
p-Xylene
69.5
Poly(vinyl acetate)
Acetone
M1 (kg/mol)
0.25
500
500
500
500
500
500
VP
VP
IGC
IGC
IGC
VP
VP
VP
VP
IGC
IGC
VP
111
111
128
110
110
40
40
40
40
117
110
51
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
0.36
0.36
0.69
0.71
0.52
0.62
0.58
0.42
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.62
0.63
0.57
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
0.38
0.38
0.48
0.55
0.33
0.55
0.34
0.22
SAXS
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
VP
132
133
133
134
133
134
135
0.54
0.47
0.21
0.10
0.97
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
112
112
112
112
112
3.91-3.54
3.89-3.16
3.56-3.05
3.48-3.20
3.55-3.11
3.86-3.68
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
IGC
136
136
136
136
136
136
0.41
0.41
Refs.
0.39
0.31
0.62
0.70
0.33
0.43
0.63
0.42
0.47
0.44
0.37
0.03
0.67
0.55
0.42
0.454
0.31
Method
0.29
0.31
0.35
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Concentration Dependence of the Viscosity

of Dilute Polymer Solutions: Huggins and
Schulz-Blaschke Constants
Cl
i
f
o
rd
K
.
S
c
h
o
f
PPG Industre
is, Inc. Asilon Park, PA, USA
A. Introduction
VII-265
B. Tables
VII-266
Table 1. Huggins Constants
VII-266
1.1. Poly(dienes) and Poly(alkenes) VII-266
Derivatives
VII-268
1.3. Vinyl Polymers
VII-272
1.4. Poly(oxides)
VII-277
1.5. Poly(esters)
VII-278
1.6. Polyamides
VII-279
VII-280
1.8. Cellulose, Cellulose Derivatives,
and Polysaccharides
VII-282
Table 2. Schulz-Blaschke Constants
VII-284
C. References
VII-285
A.
INTRODUCTION
The dependence of the viscosity of dilute polymer solutions

on concentration can be described by a power series:
(Al)
where 77 is the viscosity of the solution and 770 is the
viscosity of the solvent. This equation is usually presented
in another form:
(specific viscosity), can be put in the form

(A4)
which becomes the Huggins equation (1)
(A5)
where k^ is the Huggins viscosity constant that is the
most commonly used dilute solution viscosity number or
index. It is easily determined from the slope of a plot of
77sp/c versus c.
The Huggins constant can be thought of as a measure of
the "goodness" of the solvent for the polymer with values
around 0.3 in good solvents and 0.5-1 in theta solvents. It
should be noted that these generalizations break down with
extremely dilute solutions (2) and with chain aggregation
(3). In both cases, values tend to be higher. The Huggins
constant is independent of molecular weight for many
polymers, but is dependent on molecular weight for
polymers that associate easily in solution (3).
The Huggins equation and Huggins constants can be
used to determine values for the limiting viscosity number,
[77]. For extrapolation procedures related to [77] and k^, see
(Ref. 4). Applications of the Huggins equation to measure
[77] are given in Refs. (5,6). The latter gives an equation for
[T?]:
(A6)
(A2)
where [77] is the limiting viscosity number and ki(k\,k2) )
is a dimensionless constant. If terms with the third and
higher powers of concentration are neglected, then Eq. (A2)
becomes
(A3)
which, since 77/770 = rjTG\ (viscosity ratio) and 77rei 1 == Vsp
which can be used for single point determinations, i.e.,

calculating [77] from a single viscosity measurement at a
known concentration. Computer programs relating solution
viscosity and molecular parameters are found in Refs. (7,8).
Other semiempirical equations, such as those of Kraemer
and Schulz and Blaschke, also are used for processing
viscosity data. The Kraemer equation (Ref. 9) is
(A7)
where kk is the Kraemer constant. Sometimes, the term

k^ [rj] c is written as positive and the constants are listed as
negative numbers. The result is the same. The SchulzBlaschke equation (10) is
(A8)
Although few Schulz-Blaschke constants have been
published, some investigators contend that the SchulzBlaschke equation is superior because it works with a wider
range of concentrations and is not bound to a constant
specific viscosity region (11). On the other hand, it is not
recommended for single point determinations because of
large errors (6). Huggins' and Kraemer's equations, used
singly or in combined form, are better (6).
In addition to the polymer-solvent system, Jc^ and ksb
depend on concentration (whether semidilute, dilute, or
extremely dilute), molecular weight, degree of branching,
shear rate of measurement, and whether there can be
preferential solvation (copolymers and mixed solvents).
With polymers in good solvents, measured values for the
Huggins constant are between 0.3 and 0.4. In some cases,
they are even lower (2). With decreasing goodness of the
solvent, the Huggins constant increases steadily, reaching
0.55 or more for theta conditions.
Regarding concentration, deGennes (12) has defined a
critical concentration, c*, above which solutions are
semidilute and below which they are dilute. Most k^ and
A:sb values have been measured in the dilute region. Dondos
(2) has defined another critical concentration, c**, below
which the solution is called extremely dilute. Values for &h
measured below c** tend to be higher than those measured
between c* and c**. It is interesting that Peterson and
Fixman (13) predicted higher values for Huggins constants
except for those below c**. It may be that the low values in
the dilute region are due to polymer coil compression
because of lack of sufficient volume (2).
The Huggins constant is not supposed to be dependent
on the molecular weight of the polymer. In many cases, it is
not (14-18), or the dependence is small (14,19,20), but
other results show definite molecular weight dependence
(3,21). It appears that the Huggins constant is related to

molecular weight in polymers that associate in solution,
either by the effect of strong ionic or polar interactions, or
by the effect of hydrogen bonds (3).
There is a relationship between fch and the coil expansion
factor or coefficient of expansion, a, which is a measure of
the extent of the expansion of the polymer coil in a
particular solvent. In good solvents, the coil is more
extended than in poor solvents and a is correspondingly
larger. The Huggins constant seems to vary with a3
(3,14,22,23). One expression for this is (Ref. 23)
(A9)
Although there is no agreement in the literature as
regards the influence of branching on viscosity constants,
most results indicate that k^ and /csb increase with
higher degrees of branching (24-26). There is no agreement on the effect of shearing on viscosity constants
either, the literature indicating both increases (27) and
decreases (28) with increasing shear rate. Shearing that
produced chain scission lowered the limiting viscosity
number [77] and raised >th, and did so more at higher
shear rates, although there was a tendency toward
stabilization at the highest shear rates (29). The influence of shear rate is usually neglected below 1500 sec ~J
(H).
Huggins constants also can be determined for dilute
suspensions. The h value for such a suspension is sensitive
to the degree and nature of the polydispersity of the
specimen (30).
The following tables contain Huggins and SchulzBlaschke constants taken from the literature, along with the
relevant references. The values are listed by limiting
viscosity number [77], the units of which are ml/g. Values
marked with an asterisk (*) are interpolated values from the
literature (mostly mean values calculated by Stickler and
Sutterlin (H)). For information on molecular weight and
other factors, as well as conditions of measurement not
given in the tables, the reader may refer to the original
publications.
B. TABLES
TABLE 1. HUGGINS CONSTANTS
Polymer
Solvent
T( 0 C)
Remarks
[tj]
kh
Refs.
1.1. POLY(DIENES) AND POLY(ALKENES)

Poly(l,3-butadiene), cis
Toluene
Phenyloctane
Dioctyl phthalate
Poly(isoprene) cis
Poly(isoprene) stars
Toluene
Cyclohexane
25
25
50
16.5
21.5
25
25
Three-armed stars
Four-armed stars
Three-armed stars
Four-armed stars
451
447
147
162
0.46
0.46
0.95
0.77
35.4
37.6
185
195
0.33
0.35
0.4
0.46
31
32
31
33
TABLE 1. cont'd
Solvent
T( 0 C)
Toluene
1,4-Dioxane
Toluene
1,4-Dioxane
Benzene
n-Hexane
Tetrahydrofuran
34
34
34
34
30
30
25?
Gutta percha
Poly(chloroprene)
Toluene
Benzene
25
25
Poly(ethylene)
Tetralin
/7-Xylene
80
100
Low pressure
Tetralin
p-Xylene
80
81
Low pressure
Low pressure
p-Xylene
Benzene
81
105
20
High pressure
High pressure
Polymer
Natural rubber
Natural rubber (epoxidized)
Poly(isobutene)
Remarks
Chlorosilane-linked stars
Divinylbenzene-linked stars
1% Epoxy
9.5% Epoxy
18% Epoxy
24
25
30
Poly(isobutene)
Chlorobenzene
Cyclohexane
40
30
25
25
Cyclohexane
30
Cyclohexane
30
Dibutyl ether
Diisobutylene
Heptane
Isooctane
25
25
25
30
30
Poly(propylene)
Ref. also includes data for 10

20, 40, 50C
Mv - (16-926) x 103
Ref. also includes data for 10,
20, 40, 50C; only small
variation in k across range
Ref. also includes data for
20, 40 C; only small
variation in k across range
Tetrachioroethane
Tetradecane
Toluene
Benzene
25
25
25
30
Atactic
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
50
30
30
Atactic
Atactic
Atactic
fa]
kh
Refs.
14-780
14-164
82-195
30-70.5
354
170
415
218
30
0.35-0.88
0.63-9.2
0.50-1.02
0.71-1.19
0.32
0.35
0.84
0.43
4.27
10
30-120
150
200
0.58*
0.34 0.06*
0.43
0.52*
38
97
327
0.71
0.45
0.69
35
71
141
153
159
0.38
0.27
0.39
0.65
0.89
24
107
128
27
100
183
30
100
240
30-320
14-42
155
19
54
384
309
484
29
84
261
389
165
0.54
0.87
0.49*
0.49
0.59
0.7
0.49*
0.57*
0.70*
0.42 * db 0.02
0.36
0.36
0.38 0.02
0.35 0.04
0.30 0.01
0.32
0.19
0.41
0.34
0.33
0.31
0.33
0.40 0.05
0.3
0.57
0.43
0.37
0.42
0.94
0.58
0.47
0.27
0.33
0.36
0.43
0.42
0.42
0.25
0.33
0.31
185
22
56
157
219
8.4
16.7
35.7
276
189
171
30
95
150
253
165
196
33
33
34
34
35
31
36
37
38,39
40
38,39
38,39
39,41
14
42
14
14
14
43
14
44
45
46
14
47
14
46
48
14
14
14
49
50
49
50
50
50
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
a-Chloronaphthalene
Cyclohexane
T (0C)
Remarks
139
30
Atactic
Atactic
60-70
30
135
30
30
34
Isotactic
Atactic
Isotactic
Atactic
Atactic
Atactic
Toluene
30
30
30
130
30
Atactic
Atactic
Atactic
Atactic
Atactic
p-Xylene
125
Atactic
Decalin
2-Ethyl hexyl acetate
n-Heptane
Isoamyl acetate
Isopropyl ether
Tetrahydrofuran
Tetralin
[i/]
kh
Refs.
45-330
276
277
0.27 db 0.02
0.24
0.36
0.25
120
205
26
65
98
156
176
155
0.38
0.34
0.45
0.65
0.83
0.36
0.32
0.36
30-120
190-220
180
0.36* 0.02
0.40* 0.03
0.35
20
150
240
0.35
0.25
0.25
70-190
157
106
134-296
170-245
309-342
239-711
117
0.3
0.4
0.28
0.31
0.31*
0.34 0.1
0.33
0.35
46-177
0.35
34
36
38
40
145
148
145
47
55
64
72
160
149
159
166
142
144
147
16-50
0.55
0.45
0.35
0.25
0.29
0.29
0.36
0.7
0.54
0.45
0.4
0.24
0.4
0.3
0.25
0.32
0.3
0.26
~0.5to~~0.3
133
120-970
134
0.31
0.25-0.27
0.28
51
49
50
52
50
51
50
50
49
50
50
50
51
49
51
51
1.2. POLY(ACRYLIC ACID) AND POLY(METHACRYLIC ACID) DERIVATIVES

Poly(acrylic acid)
Poly(acrylonitrile)
Water (0.1M NaCl)

Water (0.25 M NaCl)
25
25
Dimethyl formamide
25
30
Acetone
Isooctane
Benzene
/i-Butanol
n-Butyl bromide
n-Butyl chloride
Methyl acetate
Ethyl acetate
40, 50, 60, 70

60
30
30
25
35
52
60
45
52
60
70
42
50
58
65
40
47
61
20-53
35
45
55
65
Degree of
Degree of
Degree of
also for
neutr. = 0
neutr. = 0.3
neutr. = 0.76; data
5, 15, 35, 45 C
Telomers
50, 75, 100 C
Conformational changes
occurred in this range
53
54
55
56,57
55,58
59
60
59
56
61
60
62
63,64
65
66
67
67
67
67
68
67
69
67
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
T(0C)
20-65
Isobutyl acetate
20-65
Isoamyl acetate
50
70
80
37
44
51
60
23-45
40
50-70
47
Isopropanol
Methyl ethyl ketone

Methyl n-propyl ketone
m-Xylene
Remarks
Water (0.1 M NaCl)

Water (0.25 M NaCl)
25
25
Dimethyl formamide
29
Acetone
30
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride/
methanol
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
Ethyl acetate
Methyl ethyl ketone
40
25
30
35
40
45, 55
35
25
30
35
40
30,35,40
25
30
Toluene
Acetone
Benzene
35, 40
25
30
35
40
45
55
25
25?
20
25
Degree of neutr. = 0
Degree of neutr. = 0.1
Degree of neutr. = 0.81; also
data for 5, 15, 35, 45 C
Anionic
Vol. fraction of methanol: 0.33

([77] maximum, k minimum)
kh
Refs.
12-48 ~ 0 . 4 5 t o ~ - 0 . 1
13-45 ~ 0.5 to ^ 0.15
145
152
156
88
129
151
183
157-158
196
183-189
131
54
61
70
[tj]
0.39
0.37
0.32
1.06
0.27
0.39
0.43
0.34-0.35
0.2
0.33 0.01
0.39
134
137
139
0.33
0.33
0.29
30
35
240
575
2.33
0.65
0.33
0.3
26
60-143
95-298
333
314
52-343
383
50-335
382
48-330
25-214
0.4
0.34* 0.03
0.38
0.37
0.38
0.37
0.31
0.38
0.38
0.38
2.94 0.06
53-305
220
215
222
115-120
45
85
116
108
302
104
34-147
61
201
34-160
69
35-169
35-175
0.4
0.41
0.39
0.36
0.50 0.01
0.65
0.56
0.39
0.45
0.43
0.44
0.59
0.59
0.33
0.52
85
4
9.5
14
22
26-40
68-331
667
0.35
0.25
1.65*
0.69*
0.5
0.35
0.30*
0.25 0.01
0.18
68
68
67
67
67
67
67
53
54
70
71
72
72
71
72
71
72
71
73
71
74
74
75
73
72
73
71
73
72
71
73
71
71
7
^
82
77
78
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
T( 0 C)
Remarks
90% Isotactic
Butyl acetate
25
90% Isotactic
n-Butyl bromide
Chloroform
Cyclohexanone
Dimethyl formamide
Ethyl acetate
Isoamyl acetate
Methyl ethyl ketone
Di-n-propyl ketone
Tetrachloroethane
Tetrahydrofuran
Toluene
35
50
58
25
30,60
40, 60
50
70
25
25
50
65
80
25
30, 60
33.8
35-50
25
30
25
30
0-Xylene
m-Xylene
p-Xylene
Poly(heptyl methacrylate)
Poly(tetradecyl methacrylate)
w-Heptane
rc-Heptane
n-Heptane
n-Heptane
60
40
50
60
70
40
50
60
70
40
50
60
70
30
30
30
30
Star-branched polymer
Star-branched polymer
[iy]
kh
Refs.
41
49-61
73-125
7
29
64
110
22
39
52
47
63
70
19
146
223-275
390
870
138, 152
146
136
56
53
36
44
47
7
27
56
137
151
172
0.39
0.33
0.3* 0.03
0.9
0.67
0.58
0.47
0.67
0.61
0.57
0.5
0.41
0.35
0.32
0.25
0.38
0.22*
0.18
0.44
0.45
0.4
0.48
0.38
0.41
0.71
0.63
0.5
0.9
0.49
0.4
0.33
0.4
0.49
11.4
17
1.66*
1.48
101
24
40
9
24
55
83
229
414
37
80
0.29
0.161*
0.49*
0.63
0.46
0.41
0.33
0.25
0.23
0.43 0.04
0.41 0.03
68
72
76
81
55
62
71
80
42
48
59
64
31
45
64
58
0.34
0.21
0.32
0.27
0.48
0.67
0.55
0.35
1.31
1.26
0.93
0.47
0.5
0.44
0.45
0.32
14
78
14
67
79
80
67
14
82
14
67
78
14
78
75
80
81
78
14
81
78
14
78
44,80
80
67
67
67
83
83
83
83
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Poly(cyclobutyl methyl
methacrylate)
Poly(cyclohexyl methyl
methacrylate)
Solvent
1-Butanol
T( 0 C)
Remarks
40
Tetrahydrofuran
30
1-Butanol
45
Cyclohexane
30
Tetrahydrofuran
30
1-Hexanol
38
Cyclohexane
30
Tetrahydrofuran
30
Cyclohexane
30
Tetrahydrofuran
30
Toluene
25
kh
Refs.
13
1.49
20
36
22
57
142
10
1.16
1.33
0.36
0.31
0.3
0.74
17
41
17
54
91
16
35
105
10
16
23
17
38
25
76
0.81
0.62
0.18
0.43
0.31
0.52
0.35
0.36
0.94
1.46
1.77
0.26
0.39
0.4
0.37
9
18
36
9
17
36
19
0.69
0.49
0.38
0.7
0.55
0.37
0.4
95
230
13
39
73
22.6-98.0
34.0-88.4
33.9-54.1
0.34
0.35
0.76
0.73
0.61
0.42
0.41
0.61
11.6
24.7
28.2
13.5
16.5
18.5
23
62.7
13-42
22-87
14-23
29-155
29-148
33-178
11-111
11.0-99
11.0-98
10.0-91
11-133
11-111
9.0-64
10.0-87
0.79
0.47
0.52
0.32
0.55
0.45
0.41
0.37
1.25
0.48
1.17
0.42
0.43
0.36
0.34
0.33
0.35
0.35
0.29
0.3
0.4
0.33
84
84
84
84
84
84
84
84
Poly(cycloundecyl methacrylate)
Poly(diphenyl methyl
methacrylate)
Poly(2,6-diisopropyl
phenyl methacrylate)
Poly(2,3-epoxypropyl
methacrylate)
Poly(pentachlorophenyl
methacrylate)
Poly(2-biphenyl
methacrylate)
Poly(4-biphenyl
methacrylate)
3-Heptanone
45
Tetrahydrofuran
Toluene
Tetrahydrofuran/water
(90.9/9.1, v/v)
Tetrahydrofuran
25
25
25
1,4-Dioxane
25
Benzene
Toluene
Ethyl benzene
oXylene
Chlorobenzene
0-Dichlorobenzene
Chloroform
Tetrahydrofuran
Benzene
1,4-Dioxane
Chloroform
Tetrahydrofuran
Benzene
1,4-Dioxane
40
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
Theta solvent
84
84
85
85
224
86
86
87
88
89
TABLE 1. cont'd
Solvent
T(0C)
Poly(di-isobornyl
methacrylate)
Tetrahydrofuran
1-Octanol
30
39.6
Poly(acrylamide)
Water
25
Water (1M NaCl)

Water (pH 7)
25
30
Poly(4-isopropyl styrene)
Poly(4-isopropyl
a-methyl styrene)
Toluene
Toluene
25
21.5
Poly(styrene)
Benzene
25
25
25
Polymer
Remarks
[tj]
kh
25.3-104
13.1
23
1300-1700
274
1353
1200-1900
21
0.23 0.01
1.29
1.13
0.35 av.
0.16
0.5
0.33 av.
0.46
44-139
16.5
25.5
44
60
105
73.5
1.7
5.5
10.2
40.4
43
126
150
7, 13.7
82.9, 132
187,432
0.34 0.04
0.52
0.3
0.42
0.33
0.37
0.36
0.79
0.71
0.54
0.54
0.38
0.35
0.33
0.57
0.38
0.36
14.5
43
180
386
0.55
0.41
0.33
0.29
10.7-60.7
10.8-114
42
16
48
178
0.84 0.03
0.770.06
0.6
0.5
0.52
0.48
0.78
0.61
1.5
2.5
3.7
5.4
6.6
9
29-31
43,44
97
1.3
0.91
0.96
0.93
0.81
0.67
0.86* 0.02
0.59
0.59
152
174
47
0.51
0.49
0.53
1.28
0.50 0.005
0.41* 0.02
0.43* 0.02
0.45* 0.02
0.6
0.71
Refs.
90
6
91
6
92
1.3. VINYL POLYMERS
Atactic
Atactic
Benzene/isopropanol
Butyl acetate
25
25
Theta temperature, atactic
4-terf-Butyltoluene
50
Atactic
25
30
Chloroform
Cyclohexane
30, 60
30
34.5 = 6>
31, 95
34
34.5
34.5
34.5

10,20,40, 50C

15, 20, 25, 32, 40, 50C
Trifunctional star molecule
Oc**
c<c**
= 0.5 for MW > 2.1x10*;
k > 0.5 for MW < 2.1 x 105
34.5
cw-Decaline
franj-Decaline
34
34.3, 34.8
34.5
35
36
40
40, 22
45
50
20
20
Branched
Trifunctional star molecule
Atactic
Trifunctional star
c<c**
55
20
60
120
38
80
93
94
95
96
109
14
97
98
46
81
46
95
99
2
100
101
109
102
95
97
103
14
14
95
2
99
14
14
TABLE 1.
cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
T( 0 C)
Remarks
25
30
Diethyl malonate
34
Theta temperature
40
Dimethyl formamide
25
30
35
Dioctyl phthalate
95
25
35
45
1,4-Dioxane
25
Ethyl benzene
25
Methyl ethyl ketone
25
30
40
40.3
60
25
15
21
1-Methyl naphthalene
Toluene
25
25
25
c < c**
c > c**
10, 40, 55,65 C
0.49* 0.01
0.51* 0.02
0.4
0.42
0.47
0.5
0.5
0.47
0.5
0.44
0.39
12.2
77.2
188
20-700
49
89
51
86
45
54-87
0.48
0.4
0.41
0.48
0.59
0.58
0.57
0.5
0.56
0.5
0.81
0.35
0.503
0.423
0.365
0.291
13.4
26.1
41.7
384
Atactic
292
40-125
360
460
0.34
0.35 0.03
0.30 0.05
0.25 0.08
Anionic
8
14
36-272
41-123
56
71
63-84
14
73-234
28
98
203
12.6
28.1
64
362
0.51
0.44
0.34 0.03
0.34 0.02
0.41
0.38
0.31
0.46 0.02
0.38 0.015
0.41 0.02
0.39
0.34 0.01
0.56
0.43
0.38
0.32
28-80
68
30
42-66
91
134
3.7
6.6
8.4
0.51-0.52
0.33
0.46
0.35*
0.37
0.41
1.54
1.13
0.79
Thermal
Branched
30
25
50
130
47
117
45
82
45
83
19
36
76-172
0.54 0.09
Linear
Poly(vinyl acetate)
kh
44-151
30
60
Toluene/methanol (77/23) 25
Acetone
18
25
[tj]
Theta temperature
Refs.
14
14
14
14
14
57
104
105
14
14
14
2
46
98
57,81
64
106
81
107
97
99
98,107
39,108
39,108
102
102
39,81,83
106
83
95
83
104
81
23
110
39,64,110
111,112
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
T( 0 C)
Solvent
Remarks
30
Benzene
32, 39,46
30
30
Zero shear plot

Emulsion polymer
35
Branched
35
Linear
40
Zero shear plot

Chlorobenzene
2-Chloroethylene
Chloroform
Dioxane
Methanol
Toluene
Water
Poly (vinyl alcohol)
18
25
32, 39, 46
25
18
25
32, 39,46
18
25
32,39,46
18
25
30
32,39,46
18
25
30
32, 39,46
25
Dimethyl sulfoxide
DMSO/water (4/1, w/w)
30
30
Partially alcoholized
72.5% Hydrolyzed, unfract.
Middle fractions
Middle fractions
Middle fractions
No cooling
Precooled to form clusters
[*/]
kh
Refs.
11.6, 12.9
20.8
27.1
70
250
450
65, 64, 63
126
50-450
147
197
262
281
124-381
77
133
229
45
72-200
300
500
700
137-177
196-250
281-570
204
243
268
354
197-413
71
37-45
66-69
99-121
68, 67, 65
0.53
0.38
0.34
0.35* 0.02
0.37* 0.02
0.39 0.02
0.41, 0.42, 0.44
0.17
0.37 0.03
0.25
0.3
0.45
0.65
0.34
1.42
1.21
1.05
0.28
0.35* 0.02
0.37* 0.02
0.39* 0.02
0.42* 0.02
0.33* 0.01
0.34* 0.01
0.35* 0.01
0.25
0.28
0.36
0.44
0.42
0.44
0.35* 0.03
0.44* 0.01
0.35* 0.04
0.43, 0.44, 0.4
101
45
62-92
146
99, 95, 92
77
75
74,73,72
41
30
40
50
0.34
0.31
0.37* 0.02
0.28
0.37, 0.39, 0.41
0.27
0.29
0.31,0.32,0.34
0.61
0.41* 0.04
0.49* 0.03
0.57* 0.03
44,45,47
46
46
0.52,0.41,0.39
0.57
0.55
47, 47, 48
0.56, 0.56, 0.54
21
20
9.5
10
20.2
20.6
0.67
0.98
2.27
3.87
1.03
1.2
122
77-99
0.43
0.75 0.03
113
110
28
113
28
113
115
115
28
110
39,110
110
64
110
39,110
110
110
39,110
110
110
39,110
116
110
110
39,110
116
110
117
118
H9
225
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
T (0C)
Remarks

Water
Water
25
30
30(?)
100
132
30
Water (boric acid/

0.167MNaOH)
30
Water
60
Acetone
Anisole
Bromobenzene
Butyl acetate
7-Butyrolactone
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
Cyclohexanone
20
25
25
25
25
25
20
20
25
30
20-60
80
Cyclopentanone
1,2-Dichloroethane
Dimethyl formamide
Dioxane
20
25
25
25
Ethyl acetate
Ethyl acetyl acetate
Methyl ethyl ketone
25
25
25
Morpholine
30
50
69
Nitrobenzene
Tetrachloroethane
25
25
Refs.
30
42.1
71, 77, 86.5
96
165
1.1
1.8
0.5
0.57*
0.59
0.69
0.71
0.81
40
40
50
60
70-80
100
170
0.59*
0.9
0.60*
0.66*
0.68*
0.74*
0.83*
119,121
123
121
88, 85
78
22
28
42
84
32
59
36
34
40
43
34
39
38
0.65, 0.7
1.6
25
16
5.5
1.8
1.26
0.93
0.42
0.46
0.4
0.38
0.43
0.42
0.49
114
30
30
30
Water (dil. NaOH)
kh
0.042 M, 0.084 M NaOH

0.167MNaOH
0.005 M Boric acid
0.01 M
0.02 M
0.06 M
Samples with different tacticity
90-130
100-121
23-132
94
108
287
338
438
46
41
40
33
40
50
60
70
39
34
26
32
47-83
71
89
108
64
79
98
58
70
87
41
29
36-76
93
120,139
119,121
122
114
123
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
64,124
0.34
125,126
0.35 127,128,129
130
0.36
131
0.43
0.57
0.64
0.48
0.33
14
0.4
14
0.3
14
0.5
14
0.48*
0.44*
0.41 *
0.38*
0.43
14
0.43
14
0.34
14
0.35
0.38 0.01
0.64
132
0.57
0.49
0.81
132
0.67
0.53
0.85
132
0.7
0.55
0.33
14
0.42
14
0.37* 0.01
0.35
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
Tetrahydrofuran
T( 0 C)
20
Remarks
[if]
kh
Refs.
100% Conversion
20-143
49
171
201-220
76-91
107
44
46
0.28* 0.02
0.35
0.31
0.36* 0.02
0.44* 0.01
0.47
0.35
0.46
133
14
133
7
22-38
93-134
7
21-37
92-133
21-37
91-129
7
21-36
91-126
21-36
90-122
30
63.2
75.6
53.9
85.2
57.2
75.1
50
113
48
162
44
134
62
74
48
107
106
131
206
16
27
37
15
27
37
15
26
36
14
25
36
14
25
35
18
46
67-107
18
45
86
106
0.55
0.51* 0.04
0.34* 0.01
0.56
0.51* 0.03
0.35* 0.01
0.54* 0.02
0.36* 0.01
0.51
0.51* 0.12
0.36* 0.01
0.43* 0.01
0.36* 0.01
2.69
0.49
0.58
1.01
0.201
2.29
0.43
0.34
0.54
0.3
0.51
0.3
0.55
0.42
0.46
0.3
0.46
0.63
0.5
0.36
0.46
0.45
0.41* 0.03
0.47
0.48
0.43* 0.02
0.61
0.57
0.43* 0.02
0.75
0.46
0.44* 0.01
0.78
0.6
0.49* 0.01
0.5
0.41
0.35* 0.01
0.5
0.43
0.38
0.36
30
Poly(vinyl cyanoethyl
ether)
Poly(vinyl biphenyl)
Tetrahydrofurftiryl alcohol
Tetramethylene sulfoxide
Water
Acetone
Benzene
25
25
30
30
20
30
45
65
75
Poly(vinyl butyral)
Methanol
Ethanol
-Propanol
Isopropanol
n-Butanol
Isobutanol
Cyclohexanone
Acetone
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
30
Acetonitrile
30
Dioxane
30
Methyl acetate
30
Methyl formate
30
Poly(W-vinyl imidazole)
Water (0.2 M NaBr)
25
PoIy(I-vinyl naphthalene)
Benzene
20
Poly(vinyl formate)
30
45
65
75
Poly(2-vinyl naphthalene)
Benzene
20
30
Degree of neutr. = 0
132
14
14
121
121
134
134
134
134
134
135
135
135
135
135
135
135
136
136
136
136
136
137
134
134
134
134
134
134
134
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
T(0C)
Remarks
45
65
75
Poly (vinyl phenylketone)
Poly(4~vinylpyridine)
Poly(vinyl pyrollidone)
Benzene
Ethanol
Dimethyl formamide
Methanol
Methanol -I- 0.33 N GC
Ethanol
25
25
25
25
25
25
Propanol
25
Water
15
25
35
45
55
65
25
35
25
36
25
39
Water (salt soln.)
Poly(vinyltrimethylsilane)
Poly(vinyl 4-trimethylsilyl
benzoate)
Poly(vinyl 3-trimethylsilyl
benzoate)
Poly(vinylidene
fluoride)
1.4.
kh
Refs.
17
43
63-103
17
20
43-101
17
43-100
0.58
0.45
0.39* 0.01
0.51
0.43
0.38* 0.06
0.48
0.38* 0.06
134
0.45
GC; guanidine hydrochloride
1.2MNaH 2 PO 4
Theta temperature
0.5MNa 2 SO 4
Theta temperature
0.5MNa 2 CO 3
Theta temperature; Ref. contains
data for seven other salts
33
30.7
34
28
34
29
17.2
15
13.3
11.5
10.6
1.25
15.5
14.7
16.9
12.9
16.2
15.5
0.45
0.62
0.77
0.81
0.95
1.3
0.97
1.99
0.85
2.16
1.07
2.6
134
134
112
138
139
140
141
226
Cyclohexane
Toluene
25
25
96-154
136
0.35 0.03
0.19
142
143
Toluene
25
214
0.54
143
Dimethylacetamide
25
76
116
143
189
325
108
124
132
174
74
128
175
-75
?
65
0.35
0.37
0.32
0.27
144
0.33
0.37
0.42
0.47
0.31
0.36
0.39
0.54
0.47
0.4
2
48
3
82
3
45
3
39
1.1
1.9
2.4
5.5
-3.7
0.4
-0.9
0.4
-0.6
0.4
-2.5
0.4
8.16
3.41
2.06
2.3
25
Polyethylene glycol
monovinyl ether)
[rj]
Dimethyl formamide
25
Water
Ethanol
Dimethyl formamide
25
25
25
Benzene
20
Chloroform
20
Dimethyl formamide
20
Toluene
30
[77] corr. for aggregation
0.42
145
144
146
POLY(OXIDES)
Poly(oxyethylene)
35
147
147
147
147
148
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
Water
Water
J( 0 C)
10.2
18.1
24
32
20
Remarks
fa]
MW=LOxIO 5
25
30
35
Water (2.40M NaCl)
25
54
Water (1.5 M Na acetate) 25
55
Water (1.5MNa formate) 25
52
Water (0.80M KF)
25
49
Water (2.40M KNO3)
25
53
Water (urea)
Theta temperature
Theta temperature
Theta temperature
Theta temperature
Theta temperature; Refs. 149-151
include data on a number of
other salts
kh
Refs.
98.3
91.4
84.9
77.5
3
5
37.7
28.1
36.5
41.1
1.7
3
5
10.8
26.1
17
28.9
20.8
29.5
21.2
29.5
22.7
26
20
0.63
0.71
0.87
0.97
1.1
0.4
0.39
0.39
0.46
0.22
4.95
2.42
0.93
0.44
0.82
1.64
0.56
0.9
0.57
0.98
0.56
0.76
0.55
0.87
227
97
89
80
116
109-96
135-270
69
102
0.53
0.57
0.72
0.43
0.47 0.03
0.3
0.23
0.21
227
147
149
150
149
150
148
150
149
149
151
149
Poly(oxymethylene)
p-Chlorophenol
Dimethyl formamide
10.2
20.1
32
10.2
16-32
60
140
Poly(oxypropylene)
Benzene
150
35
152
153
25
25
25
154
154
155
155
1.5.
152
152
POLY(ESTERS)
Poly(oxyethyleneoxy
adipoyl)
Poly(bis(oxyethylene)
oxyadipoyl)
Poly(oxyethyleneoxy
sebacoyl)
Poly(oxyethyleneoxy
terephthaloyl)
Poly(mono-ethyl
itaconate)
Cyclohexanone
Dimethyl formamide
Methyl ethyl ketone
Oligomers with different functionality

Nonfunctional
3.1
3.6
4.3
Monofunctional
3.3
4.2
4.5
5.2
Bifunctional
3.5
4.1
4.8
5.3
5.7
8.7
0.39, 0.42
0.46
0.42
0.3
0.34
0.42
0.32
0.25
0.32
0.26
0.22
0.3
0.25
155
155
Cyclohexanone
25
154
w-Cresol/phenol (1/1)
25
156
Methanol (0.1M KI)
25
2-Ethoxyethanol
25
40.2
67.1
86
41.3
55
71
0.25
0.34
0.47
0.2
0.22
0.3
157
157
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
1.6.
T( 0 C)
Solvent
Remarks
[if]
kh
Kefs.
POLYAMIDES
Poly(iminoadipoylimino
hexamethylene) (Nylon 66)
ra-Cresol
Formic acid (90%)
20
25
Poly(iminoisophthaloyl
imino-l,2-phenylene)
Dimethyl formamide
(1.18N LiCl)
25
Poly[imino(l-oxohexa
methylene)] (Nylon 6)
Tricresol
25
m-Cresol
Tricresol
20-60
25
Formic acid (85%)
(68.8%)
Hexafluoroisopropanol
Sulfuric acid (96%)
(93%)
Poly[imino(l-oxo-undecamethylene)]
Poly(iminoterephthaloyl
imino-l,2-phenylene)
Poly(amidobenzimidazole)
Aramid
(0.019 vol.% water)
25
25
25
25
25
(62%)
25
(60%)
25
(52.5%)
25
Sulfuric acid
Dimethyl formamide
(1.18NLiCl)
Sulfuric acid
fibers
1,3- and 1,4-phenylene polymers

also in this Ref. (in DMF/LiCl
and sulfuric acid/LiCl)
Polymers with different end
groups
Branched polymers with
27-220
different end groups
25
(80%)
(33%)
Phenol: CCl 4 (1 :1)
Nylon 12
83
100
120
140
200
(0.05MCF 3 COONa)
50
109
335
70
80
85
48
86
460
32
200
240
558
965
1340
73
101
155
305
200-500
94-104
63
125
490
502
48
90
325
34
60
195
52
54
57
30
50
135
152
25
25
45
75
25
25
1,3- and 1,4-phenylene polymers

also in this Ref. (in sulfuric acid)
25
25
25
25
25
Virgin fibers
Heated to 1400C
Heated to 1600C
Heated to 2000C
Heated to 2500C
0.2
0.22* 0.01
0.24* 0.02
0.27* 0.02
0.29* 0.01
158
159
160
161
2.75-0.26
1.1
0.49
0.29
0.32* 0.08
0.22* 0.06
0.18* 0.02
0.24
0.12
0.13
0.38
0.32
0.34
0.56
0.89
1.31
0.24
0.66
1.36
3.36
0.23
0.30* 0.07
0.42
0.26
0.23
0.19
0.5
0.34
0.3
1.06
0.74
0.36
0.52* 0.1
0.44* 0.1
0.34* 0.06
1.37
0.96
0.44
0.39
162
163
161,164
165
164
164
166
166
167
165
164
164
164
165
164
165
168
160
160
440
460
440
500
520
0.5
0.54
0.65
0.6
0.6
169
TABLE 1.
cont'd
Polymer
Poly(/?-benzanalide
terephthalamide)
Poly(caprolactam)
1.7.
Solvent
Sulfuric acid
T( 0 C)
25
Sulfuric acid (80%)
Remarks
Rod-like polymer, high MW
Low MW
Fibers
Iq]
kh
Refs.
>100
<10
121-143
~0.5
>L0
0.29* 0.02
170
32.4
46.7
51.9
52.7
58.6
45.1
51.4
68
218
178
480
44-555
51-755
32
37
39
40
50
55
54
386
243
224
170
280
253
243
247
49
55
62
74
80
93
57
68
74
80
98
106
77
43
37
25
23
1.87
0.95
0.87
0.41
0.54
0.95
0.91
0.53
0.27
0.31
0.25
0.36* 0.03
0.36* 0.01
0.9
0.29
0.16
0.15
0.45
0.48
0.53
0.21
0.23
0.25
0.28
0.11
0.21
0.23
0.5
0.7
0.55
0.41
0.41
0.34
0.29
0.56
0.5
171
OTHERCOMPOUNDS
Al-isopropoxypoly( vinyl
butyral)
Methanol
Ethanol
/2-Propanol
Isopropanol
n-Butanol
Isobutanol
Cyclohexanone
Water
Water
Water
Water
Tetrahydrofuran
Cyclohexanone
Water (0.5 M salt)
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
Poly(dimethylaminoethyl
methacrylate dimethyl
sulfate)
Water (0.1M salt)
30
Poly[3-dimethyl(methacryl
oyloxyethyl)ammonium
propane sulfonate]
Water (KCl)
30
Water (0.5 M)
30
Poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl
propanesulfonic acid)
Poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl
propane sulfonamide
Poly(/Vyv'-dimethyl(acryl
amidopropyl) ammomium
propane sulfonate
25
25
25
30
NH4Cl
LiCl
NaCl
KCl
MgCl2
CaCl2
SrCl2
KF
KCl
KBr
KI
LiCl
NaCl
KCl
CsCl
0.25 M
0.30M
0.40M
0.50M
0.8 M
1.50M
LiCl
NaCl
KCl
KBr
10
KClO4
CaCl2
Poly(ether imide)
Dichloromethane
10
25
Pyridine
10
^
10
N-Methyl pyrollidone
51
25
NMP/water (96/9)
Polyethylene imine)
Polyethylene oxide)urethanes
Water (1M NaCl)

Tetrahydrofuran
10
25
50
25
50
35
25
Na-polyphosphate
Water (NaBr)
25
NMP/water (95/5)
Different hydrophobic
end caps
135
228
228
229
172
173
174
175
175
041
0.39
0.38
0.37
0.37
043
1?6
0.66
2.13
2.44
176
0 48
45
33
34
29
25
23
10.4-64.4
19, 18.5,24
0.59
\
0.8
1.16
1.93
2.23
0.76 * 0.02
0.4
50-276
0.29* 0.04
176
vi*>
176
230
177
178
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
T( 0 C)
Poly(di-n-hexylsilane)
Tetrahydrofuran
25
Poly(oxydimethylsilylene)
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
Cyclohexane
n-Heptane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Tetrahydrofuran
Toluene
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
Poly(methylene
Af, Af-dimethy lpiperidinium
chloride)
Poly[bis(2-phenylethoxy)
phosphazene]
Water (NaCl)
Tetrahydrofuran
25
Phenolphthalein poly(aryl
ether sulfone)
Dimethyl formamide
25
Chloroform
25
Poly(phenyl quinoxaline)
Poly(sodium acrylate)
Poly(styrene sulfonic
acid), potassium salt
Sodium polystyrenesulfonate)-diallyldimethyl
ammonium chloride
20-60
Chloroform
25?
Chloroform/toluene (98/2)
Chloroform/toluene (95/5)
Chloroform/ethanol (95/5)
Water (NaCl)
25
Water (0.4% NaCl)

10% NaCl
0.40% NaCl
1.30% NaCl
5.00% NaCl
10.00% NaCl
Water (KCl)
25
Remarks
kh
Refs.
58
87
133
143
192
515
831
251
312
219
324
305
151
319
62-241
146
577-727
10-210
0.33
0.36
0.34
0.4
0.44
0.38
0.66
0.44
0.51
0.61
0.37
0.45
0.8
0.39
0.55* 0.02
0.51
0.46* 0.01
0.35-0.50
179
0.42
0.62
0.32
0.49
0.62
0.51
0.74
0.89
0.78
0.53
0.33
0.31
0.06
0.38
0.42
0.51
0.65
0.34
0.48
0.37
0.6
2.2
6.3
0.75
1.14
3.73
12.4
20
0.76
0.49
2.93
6.62
18.7
4.92
0.37
0.26
0.73
1.28
7.91
22.9
2.51
0.39
0.29
231
Ionic strengths ranging

0.1-0.5M
MW = O.8xlO 5
MW = 2.20 x 105
MW = 4.90 xlO 5
Reference includes data
from additional solvents,
molecular weights
0.4% NaCl
1.30%
5.00%
10.00%
3% C8 substitution
3% C12 substitution
25
[if]
Ionic str., Z= LOOM

/ = 4.0 x 10"1 M, MW 41.5
/=1.0 x 10" 2 M
^3.OxIO-1M
Z=LOxIO- 1 M
/ = LOOM, MW 109.5
Z=LOxIO- 1 M
Z = 7.0 XlO- 1 M
Z = 3.0 XlO- 1 M
Z=LOxIO- 1 M
Z = 3.1 M, MW 1170
Z=LOM
Z=LOxIO- 1 M
Z=LOxIO- 3 M
Z = 3.0 x 10" 4 M
Z = 3.0 x 10' 5 M
Z= 10" 4 M
Z=IO - 3 M
Z= 10" 2 M
Z = 0.5 M
8.4
11.7
12.9
29
53.6
89.3
28.5
50.5
82.7
65
75
62
78
256
153
77
59
276
78
278
165
64
34
8.2
15.7
27.5
39
65.7
15.7
39.9
83.5
105
148
16.6
115
361
3353
5786
9661
4480
2750
1150
202
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
181
182
182
183
Bo
Bo
184
185
186,187
233
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
T( 0 C)
Remarks
kh
Refs.
Ref. also gives data for

copolymers with acrylamide
Poly(thiopropylene)
1.8.
Benzene
20
188
CELLULOSE, CELLULOSE DERIVATIVES, AND POLYSACCHARIDES
Alginate(sodium)
Amylose
Arabinoglucuronoxylan
Cellulose
Cellulose acetate
Water
Water
Water
Water
Water
(NaCl/CuCl2)
(KOH)
(NaOH)
(KOH-NaCl)
(IN KOH)
Water
Cd-ethylenediamine
(Cadoxen)
Cu-ethylenediamine
(Cuoxen)
Zn-ethylenediamine
(Zincoxen)
LiCl/dimethylacetamide
Acetone
Formic acid
Pyridine
Cellulose diacetate
Dimethyl formamide
30
25
25
25
25
30
35
40
25
20
25
25
Near gelation point
25
30
30
30
30
25
30
25?
MW = 4.2 to 4.5 x 105
Subst. = 2.34 as-is reprecipitated

Acetic acid
25
Chloroform
25
Methylene chloride
Tetrachloroethane
15-30
25
Cellulose acetate phthalate
Water (NaCl solns.)
35
Cellulose nitrate
Acetone
Diethyl adipate
Isoamyl acetate
Water
Ethyl acetate
Water
20
25
25
20
20
20
Methyl cellulose
Ethyl cellulose
Ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose
Water
15
0.27
139
129
121
107
41.6 2.2
339-1395
426-510
440
466
510
248-383
0.19
0.2
0.48
0.88
3.6 0.6
0.50 0.01
0.46* 0.01
0.54* 0.02
0.59
0.65
0.47* 0.09
641-682
0.43-0.59
295
196
185
155
0.56
0.8
1.3
1
158
145
230
200
199
195
72
117
43
72
0.48
0.87
0.32
0.72
0.29
0.35
0.42
0.57
0.45
0.43
50
82
90
71
68
695-1195
0.34
0.38
8.64
3.36
1.69
0.53* 0.08
400
41-188
440
175
135
125
140
423
845
1052
1218
402
794
977
1130
1.2
0.65 0.15
1
11.3
18
13
7.5
0.57
0.74
0.8
0.87
0.43
0.59
0.68
0.75
Q temp. = 27C
Salt cone. = 0.002 M
Salt cone. = 0.006 M
Salt cone. =0.0. IM
0.5mM/gSDS
l.OmM/g
2.0mM/g
5.0mM/g
Hydroxyethyl cellulose
180
234
189
189
189
190
190
190
190
235
191
192
192
192
236
193
193
193
194
195
196
196
197
196
198
191
199
200
237
191
238
201
201
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
T( 0 C)
Remarks
20
25
25
35
40
60
25
Water
Degraded hydroxyethyl
cellulose
Hydrophobically modified
hydroxyethyl cellulose
Water
Water
Water
Water
Water
(LiCl)
(KCl
(CuCl2)
(MnCl2)
Water
Hydroxypropyl cellulose
Water
Hydroxy propylrnethyl cellulose Water
Na-carboxymethyl cellulose
Water (NaCl)
Lyzozyme
Water (1M NaCl)

Water (1N NaOH)
Water (NaCl)
0.5 M NaCl/10% cadox.
0.5 M K, NaH phosphates
Water
10% Cadoxen
Water
10% Cadoxen
88% Formic acid
Water
Microbial polysaccharide
Water (NaCl)
Acidic hetero
polysaccharides
p-D-Glucan
25
25
25
25
25
25
40
60
20
20
25
25
25
25
30
30
5
15
25
40
55
25?
pH 2.2
pH 3.0
pH 5.0
pH7.0
pH 9.0
pHll.O
pH 12.0
1 x 10 "* to 1 x 10 ~3 M
Water (NaCl)
25?
Water (0.1 M NaCl)
25
Refs.
273
128
381
754
895
1062
370
725
875
1010
100
86
622
624
610
600
674
740
792
900* 42
928 * 14
951 * 1
930* 15
1.22
0.31
0.3
0.47
0.62
0.67
0.22
0.4
0.49
0.57
0.75
0.85
4.04
3.09
2.94
3.1
2.39
1.48
1.23
0.98* 0.16
0.90 * 0.03
0.86* 0.01
0.98* 0.08
237
239
201
110
91
69
134
740
1.45
2.22
3.75
0.83
0.54
239
Subst. 0.75; 0.01, 0.1, and

0.2MNaCl
Subst. 0.5-2.5
Subst. 0.5-2.5
from Auricularia auricula
judae
from Auricularia auricula
judae
Enzyme from egg-whites

(glycoside hydrolase)
Kelco S-657; 0.001 M NaCl
Kelco S-130; 0.001 M NaCl
0.1 M NaCl
Xanthan gum
kh
Thermal degradation in water

or salt soln. at 60, 80, 1000C
0.1 M NaCl
Welan gum
[tj]
Native
Renatured
201
239
202
202
202
202
202
202
237
198
72
101
4900
4050
265
353
750
3.05
2.83
2.66
2.49
2.41
752
838
1452
2194
680
750
1380
2097
738
1078
1537
2471
641
984
1510
2370
10300
13200
0.2
0.36
0.49
0.41
0.21
0.23
0.49
1.35
1.42
1.48
1.54
1.58
0.99
0.62
0.73
0.81
0.7
0.43
0.59
0.6
0.94
0.99
1
0.86
0.46
0.55
0.51
0.62
0.45
0.46
203
203
204
205
205
205
205
205
205
240
206
206
206
206
207
TABLE 2. SCHULZ-BLASCHKE CONSTANTS

Polymer
Poly(isoprene)
Guttapercha
Poly(chloroprene)
Poly(methylene)
Poly(ethylene)
PoIy(I -butene)
Poly(isobutene)
Poly(acrylonitrile)
Solvent
Toluene0
Benzene
m-Xylene
Decalin
Decalin
Diisobutylene
Dimethyl formamide
Acetone
PoIy(I-ethylbutyl
methacrylate
Poly(n-hexyl methacrylate)
Poly(n-octyl methacrylate)
Poly(n-lauryl methacrylate)
Poly(acrylamide)
Poly(vinyl alcohol)
Methyl ethyl ketone

Toluene0
Methyl ethyl ketone
Isopropanol
Methyl ethyl ketone
Isopropanol
Methyl ethyl ketone
Isopropanol
Methyl ethyl ketone
n-Butanol
Methyl ethyl ketone
n-Butyl acetate
Isopropyl acetate
Water
Water (IM NaCl)
Water
Cyclohexanone
25
32.6
23
16.8
23
23
13
25
25
30
25
Cyclohexanone0
Poly(vinyl acetate)
Poly(styrene)
Benzene
Toluene
Benzene
Butanone0
Chloroform
Cyclohexane
Ethyl acetate
Methyl ethyl ketone
Toluene0
Poly(a-methyl styrene)
Poly(2-methyl-5-vinyl
tetrazole)
25
25
120
135
115
20
25
25
32
25
25
20
25
27.3
32
25
25
23
21.5
23
27.4
Benzene0
Butyl acetate
Chloroform
Chloroform0
Poly(n-butyl methacrylate)
T( 0 C)
m-Xylenefl
Cyclohexane
25
20-60
30
25
25
30
25
25
34
25
30
25
30
25
30
Cyclohexane/
ethylacetate (50/50)
30
Chloroform
20
Remarks
[17]
ksh
Refs.
19-208
0.32
121-1535
??sP<l
0.29
0.48
77sp<l
l/*sb = 6.09 1og(77.p+5)-2.05
0.5
25-480
0.3
l/* sb = 5.411og(T7sp + 5)-1.15

7?sp < 1
0.5
VsP<l
7?sp<l
rjsp < 1
T?SP<1
0.33
1
0.36
0.89
rjsp < 1
^sp<l
r\sp < 1
?7sP<l
77sp < 1
^sp<l
^s P <l
1400-1800
1200-2000
42.5-178
0.3
0.7
0.36
0.8
0.46
0.38
0.59
0.20* 0.06
0.20* 0.07
0.46* 0.02
0.28 0.01
0.32 0.03
Low pressure
Stereoregular
Theta temperature
Theta temperature
Theta temperature
Theta temperature
Theta temperature
MW 69000-106000
reprecipitated
21-139
1/Jfc8b = 5.224 log(77sp 4- 4 ) - 0.65
1
l/* 8b = 10.534 log(7?sp + 3 ) - 2.65
28
34
52
68
78
37
56
88
119
164
26
37
56
86
0.82
0.99
1.05
1.02
0.77
0.4
0.29
0.37
0.38
0.39
0.4
0.26
0.41
0.26
208
209
208
210
211
208
208
208
211,212
213
208,212
212
10
208
214
213
211
208
211
211
211
211
211
211
211
211
211
211
211
6
6
122
215
208
130
213
208
208
213
208
208
208
208
214
208
214
208
216
216
217
TABLE 2.
cont'd
Polymer
Poly(oxyethylene)
Poly(iminoadipoylimino
hexamethylene) (Nylon 66)
Poly(amide imide)
Cellulose
Cellulose acetate
Cellulose nitrate
Ethyl cellulose
Solvent
T( 0 C)
Dimethyl formamide
20
Methylene chloride
20
Acetonitrile
Benzene
Benzyl alcohol
Dimethylformamide
Dioxane
Methanol
Methyl acetate
Water
Butanone0
Chloroform*
Formic acid (90%)
25
10
37
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
/V-Methyl pyrollidone
Cadoxen
Cuoxam
Cuoxen
Acetone
Acetone
30
20
20
20
25
20
Ethyl acetate
27
20
Acetone
Benzene
Isobutanol
/i-Butyl chloride
Ethyl acetate
20, 30,40
20,30
40
20,30,40
20, 30,40
20, 30, 40
20
Remarks
[tj]
186
270
20
39
64
128
236
27
34
55
89
168
244
M v >10 4
M v >10 4
M v >10 4
M v >10 4
M v >10 4
M v >10 4
M v >10 4
M v >10 4
M v >10 4
M v >10 4
(13.7% N)
(13.7% N)
Subst. = 2.73
Subst. = 2.73
Subst. = 2.73
Subst. = 2.73
Subst. = 2.73
Subst. = 2.73
ksb
0.19
0.19
0.59
0.38
0.33
0.23
0.22
0.26
0.19
0.29
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.22
0.21
0.23
0.19
0.3
0.27
0.27
0.26
0.27
0.17
83
100
120
140
200
19-87
339-1395
946-1125
190-2800
0.2
0.22 * 0.02
0.24* 0.02
0.26* 0.02
0.28* 0.01
0.3
0.29 0.08
0.29
0.29
180-500
500-1000
1000-1400
1400-2000
695-1995
0.29
0.34
0.37
0.4
0.30 0.03
200-600
600-1200
1200-1800
1800-2400
24-180
26-450
362-418
25-420
25-470
25-450
41-1888
0.26
0.3
0.33
0.37
0.35,0.33,0.32
0.36,0.35
0.34
0.34,0.33,0.32
0.33, 0.33, 0.32
0.29,0.28,0.27
0.31 0.05
Refs.
217
217
218
218
218
218
218
218
218
218
218
208
208
159
219
191
220
221
64
222
191
64
222
223
223
223
223
223
191
"&Sb is roughly calculable from the Arrhenius constant.

C
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Theta Solvents
H
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A. Introduction
1. Fundamentals
1.1. Thermodynamics
1.2. Unperturbed Dimensions
2. Methods to Determine Theta Solvents
2.1. Phase Equilibrium (PE)
2.2. Second Virial Coefficient (A)
2.3. Cloud Point Titration (CP)
2.4. Cloud Temperature Titration (CT)
2.5. Unperturbed Dimensions
(RGM, VM, DM, SM)
2.6. Other Methods
B. Tables of Theta Solvents for Polymers
Table 1. Homochain Polymers
1.1. Poly(alkanes)
1.2. Poly(alkenes)
1.3. Poly(styrenes)
1.4. Poly(vinyls)
1.5. Poly(acrylics) and Related
Compounds
1.6. Poly(methacrylics) and Related
Compounds
1.7. Other Carbon Chains
Table 2. Heterochain Polymers
2.1. Poly(acetals) and Poly(ethers)
2.2. Poly(esters)
2.3. Poly(amides)
2.4. Polyureas and Polyurethanes
2.5. Polysaccharides
2.6. Carbon-Sulfur Chains
2.7. Silicon-Oxygen Chains
2.8. Phosphorus-Oxygen Chains
C. References
A.
INTRODUCTION
1.
Fundamentals
VII-291
VII-291
VII-291
VII-292
VII-293
VII-293
VII-293
VII-294
VII-294
VII-294
VII-294
VII-295
VII-295
VII-295
VII-299
VII-300
VII-305
VII-307
Vll-308
VII-312
VII-313
VII-313
VII-315
VII-316
VII-316
VII-316
VII-317
VII-317
VII-318
VII-318
/ . / Thermodynamics The theta state is defined as that

state of a polymer solution at which the excess chemical
potential, and correspondingly, the excess Gibbs energy of
dilution is zero. For a given polymer-solvent system, this

state is obtained at a certain characteristic temperature, the
theta temperature 0. A solvent at this temperature is called
a theta solvent.
Since Flory (110) was the first to show the importance of
the theta state for a better understanding of physical
structures and properties of polymers, the theta temperature
is sometimes also called "Flory temperature". The name
"van't Hoff temperature" has also been suggested (127).
However, neither "Flory temperature" nor "van't Hoff
temperature" has gained acceptance.
The exact definition of the theta state is given by
chemical thermodynamics. The chemical potential of a
solvent 1, A/i i, can be split into an ideal term and an excess
term:
(Al)
where the excess chemical potential at the thermodynamic
temperature T is given by the enthalpy of dilution, Ai/1,
and the excess entropy of dilution, AS|XC:
(A2)
A zero excess chemical potential does not imply that
both the enthalpy of solution and the excess entropy of
solution are zero as in the case of true ideal solutions where
AH\ = 0 and A5f c = 0. Rather, a theta state means only
that the terms on the right side of Eq. (A2) compensate each
other at the theta temperature <9, i.e., Ai/1 = 0AS\*c for
Afj,\KC at T 0. Solutions in the theta state are thus not
thermodynamically ideal but thermodynamically pseudoideal (306).
The chemical potential cannot be measured directly. It
may be expressed, however, by the product of the osmotic
pressure IJ of the solution and the partial specific volume
*vj of the solvent:
(A3)
The concentration dependence of the osmotic pressure of
non-electrolyte solutions can be written as a power series
(A4)
where C2 = m 2 /V is the mass concentration of the polymer

(mass m2 of the polymer 2 per total volume V of the
solution after mixing polymer and solvent) and Ai, A2,
A3,... are first, second, third,... virial coefficients,
respectively. The second virial coefficient is a measure of
the interaction between two bodies, the third virial
coefficient a measure of interactions between three bodies,
etc. Second and third virial coefficients depend on the
chemical structure and the molar mass of the polymer, the
chemical structure of the solvent (and thus its interaction
with the polymer), and the temperature.
The first virial coefficient is given by
(A5)
where R is the general gas constant (R = 8.314510
J/K/mol) and Mn is the number-average molar mass of
the polymer. Eq. (A4) is thus often written as
(A6)
where (Mn) is the apparent number-average molar mass,
B = A2/RT, and C Â3/RT.
The third term of the right-hand side of Eq. (A4) is often
negligible at low polymer concentrations. Combinations of
Eqs. (Al), (A3) and (A4) then yields,
(A7)
Since by definition the excess chemical potential is zero
at the theta temperature, the second virial coefficient (but
not necessarily the third virial coefficient) is also zero
(A 2 = 0 at T 0). The concentration dependence of the
reduced osmotic pressure, IJ/C2, is thus zero at the theta
temperature, albeit at low concentrations only. The same
reasoning applies to other colligative methods (cryoscopy,
ebullioscopy, vapor phase osmometry) and also to those
physical methods that measure concentration dependencies
of apparent molar masses (static light scattering, sedimentation equilibrium, combination of sedimentation and
diffusion coefficient, etc.). An example is static light
scattering which yields at the scattering angle 7? >0:
(A8)
where (M w ) app = apparent mass-average molar mass,
Ko- optical constant at zero angle, and /?o = Rayleigh
ratio at zero scattering angle. The virial coefficients B and C
of light scattering average differently over interactions than
those of colligative measurements; B and C of poly molecular ("polydisperse") polymers are numerically different
for osmotic pressure and light scattering measurements.
The theta temperature may also be phenomenologically
defined as the critical miscibility temperature at the limit of
infinite molar mass (110). Since a solution may exhibit two
critical miscibility temperatures, a polymer solution may

display two theta temperatures. In the case of endothermic
solutions, a lowering of temperature leads to less positive
second virial coefficients and the theta temperature
corresponds to an upper critical solution temperature
(UCST) in the limit of infinite molar mass. The theta
temperature corresponds to a lower critical solution
temperature (LCST) in the case of exothermic solutions
(see, e.g., (92)).
1.2. Unperturbed Dimensions The thermodynamic
behavior described above results from the fact that longrange interactions between polymer segments are absent in
the theta state. Long-range interactions are intramolecular
interactions between segments or groups of one and the
same polymer molecule that are separated by many
chemical bonds along the chain; they are remote in
sequence but adjacent in space. Short-range interactions
are interactions between chain groups that are near to each
other in sequence. They are determined by the length of
chain bonds, the valence angles between chain atoms, and
the hindrance to rotation around chain bonds (usually due to
a pair (4 chain bonds) or two pairs (5 chain bonds) of
conformers in the chain).
In a thermodynamically good solvent (A2 > 0),
polymer-solvent interactions are much larger than polymer-polymer and solvent-solvent interactions. The polymer chain expands in order to minimize polymer-polymer
contacts; the dimensions of these chains are said to be
perturbed. In such perturbed chains, the space occupied by
one polymer segment is excluded for all other segments of
the same polymer chain, i.e., even at infinite dilution.
In a theta solvent (A2 = 0), polymer-solvent interactions are just balanced by polymer-polymer and solventsolvent interactions. Long-range interactions disappear and
the polymer chain assumes its so-called unperturbed
dimensions which manifest themselves for linear chains
by a dependence of the root-mean square radii of gyration s,
on the square root of molar masses:
(A9)
Intrinsic viscosities [rj] are also controlled by the space
requirements of polymer molecules. For unperturbed coils
of linear chains, one can write (see textbooks of polymer
science)
(AlO)
where ô is usually assumed to be a universal constant (but
see Ref. 498). The dependence of the radius of gyration,
(s2) ' ,or the intrinsic viscosity, [77], on the square-root of
the molar mass is generally taken as a manifestation of
unperturbed dimensions and thus also of the presence of the
theta state of the polymer.
The assumption that theta conditions lead to unperturbed
dimensions is often fulfilled within limits of error for most
of the investigated polymers but it is not true in the general
sense. The thermodynamic definition of the theta state

refers to the global properties of polymer solutions whereas
the definition of unperturbed dimensions relates to the local
properties of the chain. Both definitions agree exactly only
if infinitely thin chains are surrounded by a locally and
globally homogeneous continuum of solvent molecules.
The ability of a theta solvent to generate unperturbed
dimensions thus depends on the constitution and configuration of the polymer, the solvent, and the temperature [83]
since all these factors influence long-range interactions
(excluded volume effects and interactions with the solvent).
Small molar mass dependencies of theta temperatures are
sometimes detectable for single solvents (230), especially at
low molar masses when the effects of end groups or small
helical segments (525) become noticeable.
However, if the macromolecules have long side chains
and if the main chain and the side chains are constitutionally different, then the theta state of a polymer solution
may not be identical with the unperturbed state of polymer
coils, even for single solvents. An example is the solution of
poly(octadecyl methacrylate) in butyl acetate which is in
the theta state at 10.50C (A2 = 0). At this temperature, the
exponent ay of the intrinsic viscosity/molar mass relationship of Eq. (AlO) was found as av = 0.44 instead of 0.50,
due to a contraction of the long side chains (406). A similar
discrepancy between the theta state of the polymer-solvent
system and the unperturbed dimensions of the polymer
coils has been found for cyclic poly(styrene) in cyclohexane
where 0 = 28.5C according to thermodynamics but ay
0.40 at the same temperature; aw = 1/2 was observed for
the considerably higher temperature of T = 400C (366). In
both cases, intrinsic viscosities were assumed to reflect
unperturbed dimensions. This is not necessarily true,
however, since atactic poly(methyl methacrylate) exhibited
the same reduced mean-square radius of gyration,
(s2)Q/Mw, in the two theta solvents acetonitrile
(<9 = 44C) and w-butyl chloride (0 = 40.50C) whereas
the corresponding viscosity quantities, [rj\e/Mj , definitely differed from each other despite the almost identical
theta temperatures (512).
In mixed solvents, these effects may be enhanced by a
possible distribution of solvent components, depending on
the polarities of the polymer 2 and liquids 1 and 3; 1 is a
solvent and liquid 3 usually a non-solvent (precipitant). It
seems that in the absence of large variations of theta
temperatures, the unperturbed dimension of a given apolar
polymer is approximately the same in various apolar
solvents. However, unperturbed dimensions (as determined
from intrinsic viscosities) may vary widely for polar
polymers in various polar theta mixtures (31,95,154). For
a review of various methods for the determination of
unperturbed dimensions in mixed solvents see (526).
2. Methods to Determine Theta Solvents
Methods for the determination of theta temperatures
are discussed in greater detail in two reviews (527,528).
As mentioned above, theta conditions do not neces-
sarily lead to unperturbed dimensions of coils (and vice

versa).
2.1. Phase Equilibrium (PE) Binary mixtures of a
polymer in a single solvent phase-separate at various
temperatures, r sep , depending on the volume fraction 02 of
the polymer. The maximum of the Tsep = /(02)-function is
called the critical solution temperature Tcst. The experiment
is repeated for a series of dilute solutions of polymers of the
same constitution and configuration but of different molar
mass. The relation between the critical solution temperature
and the molar mass of the polymer is based on the FloryHuggins lattice theory which predicts that
(All)
where ip \ is the Flory residual-entropy parameter and r is
the ratio of the molecular volume of the polymer to that of
the solvent. Since r is proportional to the (number-average)
molar mass of the polymer, Eq. (All) can be written as
(A12)
for polymers of sufficiently high r (or M n ) (Shultz-Flory
method) (110,529). Extrapolation of the inverse critical
solution temperatures to infinite molar mass delivers the
inverse theta temperature 0.
The data must be extrapolated not only to infinite molar
mass but also to infinite dilution if used with mixed solvents
(191). Furthermore, the method can be used only for phase
separations into two liquid phases. Care must therefore be
taken with crystalline polymers.
2.2. Second Virial Coefficient (A) All absolute
methods for the determination of molar masses may be
used; most commonly applied are membrane osmometry
and static light scattering. Less frequently used are vapor
phase osmometry and sedimentation equilibrium. Absolute
methods that depend on specific solvent behaviour cannot
be applied; examples are cryoscopy and ebullioscopy.
Measurements must be performed at sufficiently low
polymer concentrations in order to avoid effects of third
virial coefficients.
The concentration dependence of reciprocal apparent
molar masses is determined for a given polymer-solvent
pair at different temperatures. Second virial coefficients are
calculated from the slopes of these curves (see Eqs. (A6)
and (A8)) and plotted against temperature (110). The
dependence of the second virial coefficients on temperature
is linear only in the proximity of the theta temperature. Care
must be taken, therefore, to work close to the theta
temperature. Alternatively, the second virial coefficient may
be measured at a constant temperature, using different
solvent-nonsolvent ratios. However, appropriate precautions and corrections have to be used if mixed solvents are
used (Donnan equilibria in membrane osmometry, effects

of differences in refractive indices in static light scattering,
etc).
2.3. Cloud-Point Titration (CP) Dilute polymer solutions of different concentrations are titrated at constant
temperature with a nonsolvent until the first sign of
cloudiness. The volume fraction 03>cp of the nonsolvent 3
at the cloud point is then plotted against the logarithm of
the volume fraction 02,cP of the polymer at the cloud point
(89,90,531) and extrapolated to pure polymer:
(A13)
where Bcv is the slope of the 03)Cp =/(ln02,cP)-curve and
03@ is the volume fraction of the nonsolvent in the theta
mixture solvent-nonsolvent. At high molar masses (small
# cp ) and polymer densities p2 1 g/ml, mass-concentrations
^2xp ~ P202,cp (in g/ml) can be used instead of volume
fractions 02,cp (93); neglect of these conditions may lead to
errors (58). This "Elias method" has been shown to have
theoretical justification from the Flory-Huggins lattice
model (532,533); a comprehensive review of this method is
available (93).
where r is the ratio of molecular volumes of polymer and

solvent.
2.5. Unperturbed Dimensions (RGM, VISA, DM, SM)
Root-mean-square radii of gyration, (s2)1^2, depend on the
as power of the molar mass M (110):
(A16)
The exponent becomes a s 1/2 for the unperturbed state
where (s2) = (s2}0. The temperature dependence of the
function (s2) =f(M) can thus be used to determine the
temperature T0 at which as = 1/2 (RGM method).
This method is cumbersome; more often used is the
temperature dependence of the intrinsic viscosity/molar
mass relationship
(A17)
because av = 1/2 at the unperturbed state (at TQ) (VM

method). Less often used are the corresponding relationships between molar masses and other hydrodynamic
properties such as sedimentation coefficients (SM method)
or diffusion coefficients (DM method).
Unperturbed radii of gyration (from scattering experi2.4. Cloud Temperature Titration (CT) In a variation
ments) always seem to indicate theta conditions (cf. Ref.
of the cloud point titration method, cloud temperatures may
512) but the database is too small to allow definite proof.
be determined by cooling or heating of dilute polymer
Unperturbed dimensions from hydrodynamic measuresolutions of various concentrations until cloudiness appears
ments in single solvents sometimes do not coincide with
(58). The inverse cloud point temperature Tct is then plotted
the theta state (cf. Refs. 366,466,512); see also Section 1.2.
against the logarithm of the volume fraction <j>2,ct of the Hydrodynamic measurements in mixed solvents very often
polymer 2 at the cloud point and extrapolated to pure
deliver different unperturbed dimensions for theta condipolymer:
tions (cf. Refs. 31,83,95,154).
(A14)
This method is also based on the Flory-Huggins lattice
model (522,533). In a modification of the method, inverse
cloud temperatures are plotted against 1/r06 (530), again
based on the Flory-Huggins theory:
(A15)
Method
Abbreviation
A
CP
CT
PE
VM
Name
Second virial coefficient
Cloud point titration
Cloud point temperature
Phase equilibria (critical solution temperature)
Intrinsic viscosity/molar mass
2.6. Other Methods (IG, PL, R) The theta state and/or

unperturbed dimensions have occasionally been determined
by various other methods: refractometry (R) (7,24),
dielectric measurements (E) (5), polarized luminescence
(PL) (399), inverse gas chromatography (IG) (412), and
dynamic light scattering (LS) (376).
Common methods for the determination of theta
temperatures 0, theta compositions ^1-, of mixed
solvents, and/or unperturbed dimensions are compared in
the following table:
Required for the application

Minimum number
Knowledge of
l>pe of
of polymers
molar mass
solvent
3
1
1
3
3
Yes
No
No
Yes
Yes
Preferably single
Mixed
Preferably single
Preferably single
Single or mixed
Determined
parameter
O
<3.e
O
O
>03,e
B. TABLES OF THETA SOLVENTS FOR POLYMERS

In the following tables, theta solvents and theta temperatures have been compiled for various polymers from the
literature. The polymers are subdivided into groups of
chemically similar compounds (see beginning of chapter
for Contents). Within each group, polymers are arranged
alphabetically, mostly according to the polymer names used
in the original reference; no attempt has been made to use
either IUPAC names (systematic names) or poly(monomer)
names exclusively. Monomer units in alternating and
random copolymers are listed alphabetically, regardless of
their proportions; their relative amounts are given in
parentheses on a mole/mole basis. Segments of block and
graft copolymers are usually noted in the sequence reported
by authors. The following abbreviations are used: alt
(alternating), block (self-explanatory), co (statistical or
random (or unspecified)), graft (self-explanatory).
Polymers are further characterized by their tacticity (if
any), provided it has been reported in the literature.
Polymers by free radical polymerizations are usually
assumed by authors to be "atactic". Tacticities are usually
given as mole fractions of isotactic diads (JCJ), syndiotactic
diads (jt5), isotactic triads (xa), syndiotactic triads (x ss ),
heterotactic triads (î8), ds-configurations (jtCis) trans-
configurations (x trans)- If no quantitative characterization

was reported, tacticities are described as it (predominantly
isotactic), st (predominantly syndiotactic), at (neither
predominantly iso- nor syndiotactic), cis (predominantly
cis-tactic), or trans (predominantly trans-tactic).
For each polymer, theta solvents are given in alphabetical order; no attempt was made to convert commonly used
solvent names into systematic names (e.g. dioxane = 1,4dioxane). In mixed solvents, the liquid listed first may thus
be a solvent or a nonsolvent. Compositions of mixed
solvents are given in vol./vol. unless otherwise noted (ex:
w/w indicates weight per weight).
A recent (smaller) list (496) of "Theta Temperatures" is
mainly concerned with unperturbed dimensions. Since
these dimensions are often evaluated from measurements
at nontheta temperatures using various theories of intrinsic
viscosity/molar mass, or (far less frequent) radius of
gyration/molar mass relationships, reported "theta temperatures" are often not theta temperatures per se but the
temperatures at which measurements in thermodynamically
good solvents have been performed. A comprehensive list
of unperturbed dimensions of various polymers can be
found in Section VII/1 of this Handbook and a list of
characteristic ratios of polymethacrylates in (497).
TABLE 1. HOMOCHAIN POLYMERS

Polymer (mol/mol)
Theta solvent (v/v)
Theta temp. (0C)
Method
Refs.
35
30
20
23
83
83
86.2
141
61
61
- 46
89.1
89
35.0
148
64.5
A, VM
A, VM
PE, VM
PE, VM
VM
PE, VM
PE
PE, VM
VM
PE, VM
PE, VM
PE
PE, VM
VM
PE 5 VM
PE, VM
238
237
16
245,246
245
246
190
246
245
246
246
190
246
304
246
246
1.1. POLY(ALKANES)
Poly(acenaphthylene)
Ethylene dichloride (1,2-dichloro ethane)
PoIy(I-butene), atactic
i-Amyl acetate
Anisole
Diphenyl ether
Phenetole
-,isotactic
Toluene
Anisole
Cyclohexane/n-propanol (69/31)
Diphenyl ether
Phenetole
Poly(butene-c0-ethylene), 40 branches
per 100 backbone carbon atoms
Poly(ethylene)
3-Octanol
2-Octanol
1-Octanol
f-Amyl alcohol
Anisole
Benzyl phenyl ether
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate
Bis(2-ethylhexyl sebacate)
Carbon disulfide
n-Decanol
Dibutyl phthalate
Dioctyl adipate
Diphenyl
5.0
29.0
59.0
199.2
153.5
191.5
170
145
145
150
-73
153.3
>200
145
128
VM
VM
VM
PE
PE
PE
PE
VM
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
VM
PE
514
514
514
251
251
251
324
351
240
324
510
251
324
508
353
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer (mol/mol)
Theta solvent (v/v)
Diphenyl ether
Diphenyl methane
Diphenylene oxide
n-Dodecanol
n-Heptane
n-Hexane
*-Hexanol//?-xylene (70/30)
-Hexanol/xylene (70/30)
Nitrobenzene
/?-Nonyl phenol
-Octane
/i-Octanol
p-Octyl phenol
rc-Pentane
3,5,5-Trimethylhexyl acetate
Poly(ethylene-a/f-propylene)
Poly(ethylene-co-propylene)
Poly(ethyl ethylene)
Poly(l-hexene)
Benzene
n-Decyl acetate
n-Heptyl acetate
n-Hexyl acetate
n-Octyl acetate
Methanol/toluene (50/50)
2-Octanol
Phenetole
Butanone/n-hexane (29.8/70.2)
Butanone//-propanol (37/63)
(41.5/58.5)
Dioxane/n-hexane (40/60)
n-Hexyl chloride
Poly(isobutene)
/-Amyl benzyl ether

i-Amyl butyrate
i-Amyl /-valerate
i-Amyl n-valerate
n-Amyl butyrate
Anisole
Benzene
n-Butanol/n-hexane (23.6/76.4)
n-ButanoI/methyicyclohexane (29.2/70.8)
(42.1/57.9)
Butanone/carbon tetrachloride (33.7/66.3)
Butanone/cyclohexane (36.8/63.2)
n-Butyl n-butyrate
Theta temp. (0C)
Method
Refs.
127.5
127.5
125
118
118
165
163.9
161.4
142.2
118
143.4
138
137.3
173.9
133.3
133
155
170
>200
162.4
210
180.1
174.5
85
80.0
126
121
19-21.4
5.0
38.0
60.9
27.0
PE, VM
VM
PE
CT
PE
A
PE, VM
PE
PE, VM
PE
PE
PE, VM
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
CT
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
A
PE
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
485
492
324
355
462
177
251,485
46
251,485
324
353
324
251
132
132
252
8
136
324
251
132
251
251
252
132
353
353
453
453
453
453
453
346
458
514
210
18
18
154
154
19
154
18
339
339
183
427
517
499
221
339
339
113
517
44
113
320
339
100
100
100
100
100
100
339
23.5
23.5
61.3
8
24
23.5
4
20.5
13
13
23.7
28
22.1
25.0
25.0
27
22.1
21.0
22.0
105.5
25.0
25
24.0
24
22.8
25.0
25.0
49.0
25.0
25.0
25.0
46.2
A, VM
VM
VM
PE
PE
A, PE
A, PE
VM
A, PE
A
A, VM
A, VM
A
DM, VM
A
A
SM, VM
A
A
PE 5 VM
A
PE, VM
VM
A, VM
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
A
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer (mol/mol)
Theta solvent (v/v)

Carbon tetrachloride/dioxane (63.8/36.2)
Chlorobenzene/n-propanol (67.5/37.5)
(76.0./24.0)
(79.7/20.3)
Chloroform/n-propanol (57.9/42.1)
(77.1/22.9)
(79.5/20.5)
Cyclohexane/dioxane (45.1/54.9)
Cyclohexane/n-propanol
Cyclohexanol/toluene (29.3/70.7)
Cyclopentane
n-Decanol/n-hexane (41.1/58.9)
n-Decanol/methylcyclohexane (47.5/52.5)
Dibuty ether
Dioxane/n-hexane (48.2/51.8)
Dioxane/methylcyclohexane (51.0/49.0)
Diphenyl ether
Diphenyl ether/ethylbenzene (50/50)
(25/75)
Ethylbenzene
Ethyl caproate
Ethyl caprylate
Ethyl heptanoate
Poly [ 1 -(4-methylpentyl)-1 -buty lene-a?1 -(1,5-dimethylhexy l)ethylene

( = hydrogenated poly(myrcene)
Poly(2-methylpentene-l-sulfone)
PoIy(I-octene)
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
VM
CP
Refs.
PE, VM
PE, VM
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
305
100
536
100
100
76
100
100
113
113
113
113
113
263
44
113
44
44
536
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
536
536
183
183
100
100
100
536
183
339
183
536
76
44
113
113
n-Hexyl acetate
2-Octanol
0-Chloronaphthalene
o-Dichlorobenzene
Diphenyl
Diphenyl ether
Diphenylmethane
60.9
37.6
165
133
194.6
210.0
176.6
A
VM
VM
VM
PE, VM
PE 1 VM
PE, VM
363
454
262
262
334
334
334
2-Octanol
Butanone/fl-hexane (35.4/64.6)
Butanone//-propanol
n-Pentane
Phenetole
51.0
11.5
22.5
162.5
50.4
VM
PE
PE
PE
PE
514
18
18
169
170
Toluene
Poly(4-methyl-l-pentene, 0.90 < Xx < 0.94
Method
25.0
49.0
25.0
14.0
49.0
25.0
14.0
25.0
35
25.0
188
25.0
25.0
204
25.0
25.0
148
76.0
26.8
-24.0
57
22
33
33
57
22
185
25.0
25.0
25.0
25.0
25.0
25.0
25.0
52 2
45
72.7
24.0
25.0
25.0
25.0
153
47.7
55.5
5.9
103
76.0
87
86.0
-13.0
Ethyl hexanoate
Ethyl octanoate
3-Ethylpentane
n-Heptanol/n-hexane (37.4/62.6)
H-Heptanol/methylcyclohexane (39.5/60.5)
rt-Hexane//i-hexanol (68.3/31.7)
n-Hexane/3-methylbutanone (57.6/43.4)
n-Hexane/n-octanol (63.7/36.3)
n-Hexane/n-pentanol (71.7/28.3)
n-Hexane/n-propanol (80.3/19.7)
2-Methylbutane (M = 23000, 150000)
- , (M = 760000)
Methyl capronate
Methyl caprylate
Methylcycohexane/n-octanol (56.0/44.0)
Methylcyclohexane/n-pentanol (65.2/34.8)
Methylcyciohexane/w-propanol (74.2/25.8)
2-Methylhexane
Methyl heptanoate
3-Methylheptanone-5
Methyl pelargonate
2-Methylpentane
Pentane
Phenetole
Poly(2-methyl-2-butylene)
( = hydrogenated l,4-poly(isoprene))
Poly(methylethylene)
Poly([S]-4-methyl-l-hexene), X1 > 0.95
Theta temp. (0C)
CP
CP
A, RGM, VM
CP
CP
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
A
A
CP
CP
CP
A
A 1 VM
A
A, RGM, VM
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer (mol/mol)
Theta solvent (v/v)
Poly(l-pentene), atactic
Anisole
i-Butyl acetate
Diphenylmethane
Phenetole
Phenetole
Phenyl ether
i-Amyl acetate
Anisole
i-Butyl acetate
Diphenylmethane
2-Pentanol
Phenetole
-, isotactic
Poly(propylene), atactic
Phenyl ether
i-Amyl acetate
n-Amyl acetate
n-Butanol/carbon tetrachloride (33/67)
n-Butanol/n-hexane (32/68)
n-Butanol/methylcyclohexane (34/66)
/-Butyl acetate
n-Butyl acetate
Carbon tetrachloride/n-propanol (74/26)
1-Chloronaphthalene
Cyclohexanone
Diphenyl
Diphenyl ether
-, isotactic
n-Hexane/fl-propanol
Methylcyclohexane/n-propanol (69/31)
1-Octanol
2-OctanoI
3-Octanol
n-Propyl acetate
*-Amyl acetate
i-Amyl benzylether
p-t-Amyl phenol
Benzyl phenyl ether
Benzyl propionate
rc-Butyl alcohol
r-Butyl alcohol
p-r-Butyl phenol
1-Chloronaphthalene
/7-Cresol
Dibenzyl ether
Diphenyl
Diphenyl ether
-, syndiotactic
Poly(propylene), head-to-head
Diphenylmethane
p-Ethyl phenol
i-Octyl phenol
/7-Octyl phenol
i-Amyl acetate
i-Amylacetate
Poly(vinyl ethylene), at
2-Octanol
Theta temp. (0C)
Method
Refs.
85
32.5
121.0
64.0
48.3
149
31.5
85
32.5
121.0
62.4
55.8
64.0
149
34
34
36.6
25.0
25.0
25.0
65.5
58.0
58.5
25.0
74
68
92
129
153.3
146
25
25
77
37 6
5.0
85.5
70
34
111
140.8
181.8
132
147.2
122
166.0
74
206
183.2
183.2
125.1
125.1
125.0
146.2
145
143
142.8
142.8
116.5
184
115
106
45
43
56.8
32.8
PE, VM
PE, VM
PE, VM
PE, VM
A
PE, VM
VM
PE, VM
PE, VM
PE, VM
PE
A
PE, VM
PE, VM
VM
VM
A
CP
CP
CP
A
VM
A
CP
PE
A
PE
VM
PE
VM
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
A
A
472
472
472
472
192
472
243
472
472
472
219
192
472
472
69
244
333
78
78
78
333
244
332
78
171,521
314
171,521
244
172
244
78
78
453
453
453
333
152
69
448
448
448
448
448
448
448
521
448
255
448
255
448
244
172
171,521
244
255
448
448
448
448
448
152
471
514
458
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
A
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
VM
PE
PE, VM
VM
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
A
PE
VM
A, VM
TABLEI. cont'd
Polymer (mol/mol)
1.2.
Theta solvent (v/v)
Theta temp. (0C)
Method
Refs.
POLY(ALKENES)
1,4-Poly(butadiene), 97.0% cis

95.0% cis
94.6% cis
94.0% cis
93.0% cis
^-Heptane
/7-Propyl acetate
Diethyl ketone
5-Methyl-2-hexanone/2-pentanone (1/3)
(1/1)
(3/1)
3-Pentanone
3-Pentanone/2-pentanone (3/2)
Diethyl ketone
Ethyl propyl ketone
Propylene oxide
Diethyl ketone
Ethyl propyl ketone
Propylene oxide
90.0% cis
-, 70% cis-1,4; 23% trans-1,4; 7% 3,4

-, 43% 1,2 units; trans/cis = 2.3/1
-, 36% cis; 57% trans; 7% 1,2-vinyl
-, -, hydrogenated
rc-Hexyl
1,4-Poly(butadiene), 9% cyclization
31% cyclization
46% cyclization
63% cyclization
81% cyclization
Poly(butadiene-o>-styrene) (76.1/23.9)
(75/25)
(70/30)
1,4-Poly(chloroprene), cis
/-Butyl acetate
n-Heptane/w-hexane (25/75)
(50/50)
5-Methyl-2-hexanone
2-Pentanone
3-Pentanone
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
acetate
Cyclohexanone/dioxane (12/88)
Methyl /-butyl ketone
2-Pentanone
/?-Octane
/?-Octane
Butanone
Cyclohexane
Cyclopentane
Decalin, trans
1 ,4-Poly(2,3-dimethylbutadiene)
>85% trans-1,4; 3% 1,2-vinyl
1,4-Poly(isoprene).
Natural rubber
96% cis
94% cis
trans (gutta percha)
trans (other)
-, 51% 1,4-units (mainly trans; 49% 3,4units, 1-2% 1,2-units

-, - . hydrogenated
-, <5% 1,4-units, 20-25% 1,2-units,
70-75% 3,4-units
-1
35.5
10.3
46.2
32.7
22.3
10.3
30.0
213
240
146
208
14
237
- 22
141
35
20.5
20
5
12.6
59.7
10.6
22.3
15.7
26.5
65.0
30
30
30
30
30
46
21
21
21
25
25
45.5
56.3
2
PE
242
A, VM
242
VM
362
PE
2
PE
2
PE
2
PE
2
PE
2
PE
66
PE
66
PE
66
PE
66
PE
66
PE
66
PE
66
PE
66
PE
66
A, VM
70
PE
282
PE
282
PE
1
PE
1
PE
1
VM
447
A
363
A, VM
480
A
363
A, VM
358
A, VM
358
A, VM
358
A, VM
358
A, VM
358
PE
145
PE
145
VM
284
PE, DM, SM, VM
283
A
133
VM
455,495
PE
133
PE
133
A
455
Cyclohexane//i-propanol (81.3/18.7)
25
CP
483
Butanone
H-Hexane/i-Propanol (1/1)
2-Pentanone
Dioxane
n-Heptane/n-Propanol (69.5/30.5; w/w)
^-Propyl acetate
Dioxane
/-Propanol/toluene (36.2/63.8)
(35.5/64.5)
(34.2/65.8)
(33.5/66.5)
(32.4/67.6)
25
21
14.5
31.2
25
16.5
33
60
47.7
50
45
40
35
30
VM
VM
PE
PE
A, CP, VM
A
A
PE
PE
A, CP
A, CP
A, CP
A, CP
A, CP
88
284
352
11
74
42
42
352
352
11
11
11
11
11
2-Octanol
2-Octanol
41.3
55.3
A
A
363
363
2-Octanol
30.5
363
TABLE 1. cont'd
Theta temp. (0C)
Polymer (mol/moi)
Theta solvent (v/v)
-, -, hydrogenated
1,4-Poly(isoprene), star
4-arm star
6-arm star
8-arm star
12-arm star
1,4-Poly(isoprene), 94% cis, linear
3 branches
11 branches
22 branches
22 branches
l,2-co-3,4-Poly(isoprene) (35/65)
1,4-Poly(isoprene), brominated
(30% of double bonds)
Poly(isoprene-/oc/:-styrene)
Poly (1 -methyl-1 -butenylene-coisopropenylethylene)
Poly(2-methyl-1,3-pentadiene)
( = PoIy(1,3-dimethyl-l-butenylene))
2-Octanol
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Benzene/i-propanol (55/45)
26.2
34.1
33.4
33.5
32.8
32.9
33
33
27.8
23.5
15
20
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
CP
363
130
130
130
20
20
42
42
42
42
42
98
Cyclohexane
Butanone
20
44
A
VM
310
347
2-Octanol
41.3
363
Dioxane
2-Octanol
61.2
28.9
VM
VM
454
454
2-Octanol
2-Octanol
/-Amyl acetate
/-Amyl acetate
Cyclohexane
51.0
35.9
38
38
36.0
A
VM
VM
VM
A
363
514
347,125
361
491
Butyl acetate
/-Propyl acetate
Benzene
1-Hexanol
1-Nitropropane
26.8
19.7
20
65.0
31.0
31.0
31
10.9
32.7
32.7
VM
VM
VM
A, PE
A, VM
A, PE
VM
A, PE
A, PE
VM
367
367
168
515
197,465
515
370
515
515
370,473
Poly [ 1 -(4-methylpentyl)-1 -butylene-co

l-(l,5-dimethylhexyl)ethylene]
Poly(myrcene), 90% 1,4, 10% 3,4Poly(pentenamer), 80-85% trans
85% trans
1.3. POLY(STYRENES)
Poly(p-bromostyrene)
Poly(p-f-butylstyrene)
3-Nonanol
2-Octanol
2-Octanol
Poly(p-f-butylstyrene)-b/0c-poly(dimethylsiloxane)-b/ocfc-poly(p-f-butylstyrene);
28wt.% butylstyrene units
Poly(ochlorostyrene)
1-Nitropropane
Butanone
Butanone
Benzene
Benzene/methanol (5.5/1)
(5.0/1)
(4.5/1)
n-Butyl acetate
f-Butyl acetate
n-Butyl carbitol
Carbon tetrachloride/toluene (1/1)
(5/2)
Cumene
Ethyl acetate
Ethylbenzene
Ethyl chloroacetate
Methyl chloroacetate
/-Propyl acetate
157
31
25
8
26.7
32.4
41.6
33.7
65.4
50.1
58.9
52.3
50.7
13.4
32.0
60.9
59.0
11.7
-7.5
-14.7
-1.3
-1.8
65.0
64.6
75.7
65.0
Method
PE
PE
PE, VM
PE, VM
PE
PE
PE
VM
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
VM
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
Refs.
365
365
224
224
139
139
139
195
156
156
196
158
156
196
196
158
157
195
158
156
158
156
158
156
156
158
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer (mol/mol)
Theta solvent (v/v)

/-Propyl benzene
/-Propyl chloroacetate
Tetrachloroethylene
Poly(p-chlorostyrene-a?-methyl methacrylate) (51.6/48.4)

Poly(/?-decylstyrene)
Poly(/?-hexylstyrene)
franj-Decalin/trichloroethylene (78/22)
Butanone/ethylbutyl ketone (1/1.24)
Ethanol/ethyl acetate (6.3/93.7; w/w)

rc-Butanol/n-butyl
acetate (7.1/92.9; w/w)
Butanone
Poly(/?-methoxystyrene)
/-Amyl acetate
Benzene/cyclohexanol (61.2/38.8)
Benzene/n-heptane (72.5/27.5)
Benzene/methanol (73.7/26.3)
Butanone/n-heptane (80.0/20.0)
Butanone/rt-propanol (80.6/19.4)
f-Butylbenzene
Chloroform/cyclohexane (63.9/36.1)
Chloroform/methanol (66.5/33.5)
Cyclohexanol/toluene (37.2/62.8)
Dichlorodecane
Poly(/?-methoxystyrene-costyrene)
26.4/73.6
53.0/47.0
75.6/24.4
Poly(a-methylstyrene) x% = 0.95; x ss = 0.90

Jt s = 0.91; * ss = 0.81
xs = 0.83; xss = 0.68
Jts = 0.65; xss = 0.44
xss = 0.44
* s = 0.64
atactic
/-Amyl formate
/-Amyl formate
/-Amyl propionate
Hexyl methyl ketone
/-Amyl formate
/-Amyl propionate
f-Butylbenzene
Hexyl methyl ketone
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
Butanone
n-Butyl chloride
1-Chlorodecane
1-Chloroheptane
1-Chlorohexane
1-Chlorooctane
Cyclohexane
toms-Decalin
isotactic
Poly(p,/-propylstyrene)
Poly(p,/-propylstyrene-co-styrene)
(88/12)
(56/44)
(33/67)
Poly(styrene)
Diethyl succinate
w-Hexyl acetate
Butanone
Dioxane//-propanol (35/65)
Dioxane/i-propanol (37/63)
/-Amyl acetate
Benzene
Benzene/i-Propanol (58/42)
Benzene/cyclohexanol (38.4/61.6)
Benzene/n-heptane (44/56)
Theta temp. (0C)

59.0
- 8.2
-8.2
44.4
Method
Refs.
PE
PE
PE
PE
156
156
158
156
VM
A
PE
A
A
A
PE
PE
A, CP
CP
A, CP
A, CP
A, CP
PE
A, CP
A, CP
A, CP
PE
CP
239
464
464
103
102
464
464
281
226
295
226
226
226
281
226
226
226
281
281
30.5
22.8
18.1
27.0
37.0
> 50.0
12.5
> 30
32.3
33.1
34.3
36.8
37.0
39
30
31
-10
139
80.0
20, 27
5.7, 10
43, 53
34.5
38
9.5
10.0
16.4
85.0
45
20
CT
CT
CT
CT
CT
CT
CT
CT
A
A
A
A
VM
A, VM
CP
280
280
280
280
280
280
280
280
63
63
63
63
64
3
272
217
536
536
470
479
479
479
479
59
266
479
494
479
217
98
20
20
20
220
-49
249.8
35
25
35
CP
CP
CP
PE
PE
PE
A
A, CP
A
98
98
98
296
296
460
62
95
62
22.3
21.0
18.1
30.5
32.9
30.0
29.3
75.0
25
25
25
25
25
52.2
25
25
25
92.6
23.4
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
A, VM
VM
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer (mol/mol)
Theta solvent (v/v)

Benzene/n-hexane (38/61)
(34.7/65.3)
(74/26)
(77.8/22.2)
(78/22)
(78/22)
Benzene//-propanol (66/34)
(64.2/35.8)
(69/31)
Bicyclohexyl
Butanone
Butanone/methanol (89/11)
(89.7/11.3)
(88.9/11.1)
Butanone//-propanol (85.7/14.3)
(82.6/17.4)
(87/13)
(87/13)
/-Butyl acetate
f-Butyl acetate
Butylchioride
n-Butyl formate
Carbon tetrachloride/n-butanol (65/35)
Carbon tetrachloride/heptane (53/47)
Carbon tetrachloride/methanol (81.7/28.3)
Chlorobenzene/di-z-propyl ether (32/68)
1-Chlorodecane
l-Chlorodecane/3-methylcyclohexane
(21.8/78.2)
(25.0/75.0)
(50.5/49.5)
(90.0/10.0)
1-Chlorododecane
Chloroform/methanol (74.7/25.3)
(75.2/24.8)
1-Chloroundecane
Cyclodecane
Cycloheptane
Cyclohexane
Theta temp. (0C)
Method
Refs.
20
25
35
34
25
23.5
21.5
20
25
35
61
148.8
25
25
30
23
34
67
67
- 46
- 34.7
109.3
35.6
- 9
-7.5
35
35
25
25
6
6.6
8.5
CP
A, CP
A
VM
A, CP
A
PE
CP
A, CP
A
PE
PE
A, VM
A, CP
PE
A
VM
A
A
PE
PE
PE
SM
A
CP
A
A
A, CP
A1 CP
CT
A
VM
128
95
62
31
95
42
42
98
95
62
522
460
273
95
315
53
31
115
274
296
374
374
233
307
375
62
62
95
95
22
269
456
22.8
35.0
59.6
87.8
58.6
58.6
25
25
32.8
32.8
32.8
16
17
19.0
213
34.0
34.0
34.0
34.0
34.4
34.5
34.5
34.5
34.5
34.5
34.5
34.8
35.0
35.0
35.0
35.0
35.0
CT
CT
CT
CT
A
VM
A, VM
A, CP
A
A
VM
PE
PE
VM
PE
VM
PE
A
PE
A, VM
VM
VM
A
VM
DM, VM
VM
A
A
DM, SM
DM
A
SM
22
22
22
22
269
456
273
95
269
270
456
445
445
456
371
31
189
307
439
188
2, 476
488
42
290
427
456
270
274
43,308
232
229
144
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer (mol/mol)
Theta solvent (v/v)
Cyclohexane, deuterated
Cyclohexane/methylcyclohexane (2/1)
(1/1)
(1/2)
Cyclohexane/toluene (86.9/13.1)
Cyclohexanol
Cyclopentane
Cyclooctane
Decalin (wcis = 0)
(wcis = 0)
(Wc1S=O)
(wcis=0)
(wcis=0)
(w c l s =0.20)
(w c i s =0.23)
(wcls = 0.50)
(wcis = 0.54)
(wcis =0.60)
(w c i s =0.66)
(w cis = 0.80)
(wcis = 1.00)
(Wcis = 1.00)
(Wcis = 1.00)
cis/trans
cis/trans
unknown
unknown
unknown
Diethyl ether/dimethoxy ethane (0.7/0.3)
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
Diethyl malonate
Diethyl malonate/diethyl oxalate (4/1)

(1/1)
(1/4)
Diethyl oxalate
Dimethyl succinate
Dioctylphthalate
Theta temp. (0C)

35.0
35.0
40.2
40.0
38
43
48
54
15
79
83.5
83.5
83.5
86
87
87.8
19.6
19.6
19.8
20
20.5
20.6
154
154.5
154.2
12
20.5
23.8
22.8
21.2
21.0
20.4
21.2
19.3
15.5
16.0
15.0
15.2
14.0
12.5
12.2
10.8
19.3
14.5
31
29.5
18.2
- 5
- 27
22
31
34.2
34.5
35.6
35.9
36.0
40
47
52.6
51.5
55.8
58.2
59.6
67.6
22
Method
A
A
PE
VM
VM
VM
PE
CT
A
VM
A
PE
PE
CT
PE
A, VM
PE
VM
PE
A, VM
PE
PE
VM
A
CT
A
DM 1 VM
PE 5 VM
A
PE
A
A
A
A
A
A
CP
PE
A
A
A
DM
A
A
A
VM
VM
PE
A
VM
VM
VM
VM
A
VM
VM
CT
VM
Refs.
328
439
328
439
438
2
2
2
315
135
118
290
307
461
8
22
203
368
460
536
456
204
536
368
203
445
456
153
22
26
427
119
26
268
26
160
26
451
26
26
451
523
271
42
289
153
182
356
356
160
307
2
456
42
270
503
2
2
2
307
2
456
22
456
26
TABLE 1.
cont'd
Polymer (mol/mol)
Theta solvent (v/v)

Dioxane/n-heptane (41.5/58.5)
DioxaneM-hexane (38/62)
Dioxane/methanol (71.4/28.6)
(65.1/34.9)
(66.5/33.5)
(66.5/33.5)
(51.5/48.5)
Ethyl acetate
Ethyl acetoacetate
Ethylcyclohexane
Heptane/nitropropane (58/42)
Heptane/toluene (52.4/47.6)
Hexane/3-methylbutanone (48/52)
Hexyl m-xylene
Methanol/tetrahydrofuran (28.7/71.3)
(23/77)
(23.1/76.6)
(24.8/75.2)
(27.2/72.8)
Methyl acetate
Methyl cyclohexane
3-Methyl cyclohexanol
Methyl cyclopentane
D,L-Menthol
1-Phenyldecane
i-Propyl acetate
n-Propyl acetate
Poly(styrene), deuterated
D,L-Terpineol
Tetrahydrofuran/water (92.3/7.7)
Toluene (estimated theta temperature)
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane, deuterated
Poly(styrene), H-shaped
Poly(styrene), head-to-head
Carbondisulfide
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
Poly(styrene), combs (theta temperatures

depend strongly on number and length
of branches)
Benzene/methanol (78/22)
Cyclohexane
Theta temp. (0C)
Method
Refs.
35
20
25
34
35
35
20
35
- 44.3
-44
- 43.5
139
108.5
70
75.0
35
30
20
12.5
25
25
25.0
25.0
34
45.0
43
114
60
67.2
68
68.0
69.3
70.5
70.5
98.0
98.0
75
144
115
28.0
30.6
- 27
107
- 80
178
78.5
25
-154
30
30
36
36
35
36
34.8
19
16
A
CP
A, CP
VM
A
A 1 VM
CP
A
LS
PE
CP
PE
CP
PE
VM
A
PE
CP
A
A, CP
A, VM
CP
VM
VM
VM
PE
PE
VM
A
A
VM
A
VM
VM
CT
VM
PE
PE
VM
A
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
VM
CP
62
128
95
31
62
82
98
62
376
296
375
296
147
114
456
62
315
99
307
95
273
505
490
31,490
490
296
296
290
184
307
456
438
2
85
22
296
440
440
290
124
124
296
296
296
296
290
322
375
328
439
328
439
439
60
372
329
369
16-24
16-24
18-33
18-33
20-36
28-33
A, PE
A
PE
RGM
VM
A
PE
A, VM
PE
A, VM
A, CT
A
42
502
42
502
75
294
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer (mol/mol)
I beta solvent (v/v)

Decalin (cis-trans)
Diethyl malonate
Poly(styrene),
Poly(styrene),
Poly(styrene),
Poly(styrene),
3-star
9.4-star
(6-15.5) stars
cyclic
Poly (1,4-divinylbenzene)
(soluble; by anionic polymerization)
1.4. POLY(VINYLS)
Poly(2,5-dimethyl-4-vinylethynylpiperidol-4)
Poly(divinyl ether-c<?-maleic anhydride
methyl ester) (1/2)
Poly(isobutyl vinyl ether-a/f-maleic anhydride)
Poly(maleic acid-a/f-vinyl pyrrolidone)
Poly(2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine)
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
- , grafted by styrene
Poly(vinyl alcohol)
PE
A, VM
PE
A, VM
A
VM
A
VM
A
42
502
42
502
493
486
524
366
373
364
Dimethylformamide
25
VM
444
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
PE
VM
PE
PE
VM
PE
VM
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE, VM
PE
PE
A
A
PE
A,PE
VM
PE
CP
A
PE
PE
PE
PE
A,PE
A,PE
A,PE
A
PE
PE
A,PE
CP
CP
A
A
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
302
235
235
434
434
123
120
123
123
120
123
120
123
123
123
123
123
123
123
167
167
338
316
223
28
147
42
250
250
338
250
316
222
223
42
250
345
223
380
380
42
42
147
147
357
357
357
357
357
258
536
Tetrahydrofuran
Acetone
NaCl/water (1 mol/1)
Acetone/dimethylsulfoxide (65.4/34.6)
Na2SO4/water (0.986 mol/1)
/-Amyl acetate
n-Amyl acetate
Ethyl n-butyrate
Ethyl propionate
Propionitrile
n-Propyl acetate
n-Propyl propionate
Tetrahydronaphthalene
Sodium cacodylate/water (0.1 mol/1)
Sodium chloride/water (0.1 mol/1)
Acetone/i-propanol (23/77)
Butanone/i-propanol (73.2/26.8)
rt-Butyl ethyl ketone
Cetyl alcohol
Di-i-butyl ketone
Ethanol
Ethanoymethanol (80/20)
(60/40)
(50/50)
(40/60)
n-Heptane/3-methylbutanone (26.8/73.2)
(27.3/72.7)
3-Heptanone
Methanol
-,branched
Refs.
25
/-Butyl methyl ketone
Poly(vinyl acetate)
4.5
4.5
22
22
34.8
22
18-33
40
28.5
Method
Decalin (trans)
/-Butyl acetate
n-Butyl acetate
Poly(9-vinyl adenine)
Theta temp. (0C)
z-Propanol
Z-Propanol, deuterated
Ethanol
3-Heptanone
Di(i-butyl) ketone
Ethyl acetoacetate
r-Butanol/water (32.0/68.0; w/w)
Ethanol/water (41.5/58.5; w/w)
Methanol/water (41.7/58.3; w/w)
/-Propanol/water (39.4/60.6; w/w)
n-Propanol/water (35.1/64.9; w/w)
NaCI/water(2mol/l)
30
29.8
25
25
25
53.2
48.2
48.4
49.0
21.8
21.8
37.4
38.7
50.0
25.4
-3.6
19.3
58.0
49.5
26
40
30
25
29.0
123
136.5
19
17
26.5
34
36
25
30
29
29
6
6
66
52.6
51.8
12-15
26
136.5
108.5
25
25
25
25
25
25
27 3
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer (mol/mol)
-, urethanized
4.9%
8.1%
11.5%
Poly(vinyl benzoate)
Poly(4-vinyl biphenyl)
Poly(vinyl bromide)
Poly(vinyl carbanilate)
PoIy(TV-vinyl carbazole)
Theta solvent (v/v)

Water
/?-Propanol/water (30/40)
(40/50)
K-Propanol/water (30/40)
(40/50)
n-Propanol/water (30/40)
(40/50)
Xylene
2-Methoxyethanol/dimethoxyethane (70.6/29.4)
Methanol/tetrahydrofuran (17/83)
Acetone/water (92.2/7.8)
Butanone/water (44/56)
Diethyl ketone
Dioxane/methanol (28/72)
Methanol/tetrahydrofuran (71.5/28.5)
Chlorobenzene
Chlorobenzene/methanol (85.9/14.1)
1,3-Dichlorobenzene/methanol (85.0/15.0)
Nitrobenzene
Toluene
Benzyl alcohol
rc-Butanol/cyclohexanone (15.8/100)
(43.5/100)
Cyclohexane/dimethylformamide (100/12.8)
Cyclohexanone
Dimethylformamide
Phenetol
Tetrahydrofuran/water (100/5)
(91.5/8.5)
(100/11.9)
(100/11.9)
(100/9.5)
0-Xylene
-, isotactic and syndiotactic

Poly(vinyl /?-chlorobenzoate)
rc-Butanol/butanone
(47/53)
Poly(vinyl cyclohexane)
Tetrahydrofuran
Poly(vinylethylene) (98% 1,2-, 2% 1,4-)
1-Hexanol
Poly (N- vinylimidazole)
rc-Butanol
Poly(vinyl methyl ether)
Cyclohexane
Poly(P-vinyl naphthalene)
Decalin/toluene (56.5/43.5)
Acetone/methanol (38.2/61.8)
Butanone/methanol (24.6/75.4)
Poly(3-vinylpyrene)
Chloroform
Benzene
Poly(N-vinyrpyrrolidone)
Poly(vinyl stearate)
PoIy(N-vinyl succinamic acid)
Poly(vinyl sulfonic acid)
n-Heptane/n-propanol (59.6/40.4; w/w)

Acetone/water (66.8/33.2)
Dioxane
NaCl/water (O.55mol/1)
Water
n-Octane
NaCl/water (0.2mol/l)
KBr/water (0.347 molA)
KCl/water (0.349 mol/1)
(0.65mol/l)
(1.001 mol/1)
NaBr/water (0.346 mol/1)
(1.008 mol/1)
NaCl/water (1.003 mol/1)
Theta temp. (0C)
Method
Refs.
97
30
60
30
60
30
60
32.5
30
20
20
20
35
20
20
- 37.4
25
25
-21.4
37
39
155.4
59
72
40.5
22
51
36.5
22
88
17
25
30
30
30
84
PE
CT
CT
CT
CT
CT
CT
A
A,VM
A
A
A
A
A
A
VM
CP,VM
CP,VM
VM
A,VM
A
PE
E
E
E
A
E
E
A,CP
VM
E
A
CT
E
CT
VM
E
PE,VM
A
VM
79
299
299
299
299
299
299
301
237
56
41
41
41
41
41
207
126
126
207
200
249
303
4
4
4
321
4
4
137
377
4
186
253
4
253
377
6
298
97
514
337
520
104
80
80
80
319
319
413
81
378
149
90
39
234
381
313
265
87
87
87
87
87
87
87
60
25
66
25
51
30.2
20
20
20
25
25
11.4
15
16.2
25.0
25.0
-10
25
130.5
17
25
5.7
5.5
26.0
44.5
-0.6
40.1
32.4
A
A,VM
CP
CP
CP
VM
CP,VM
VM
VM
PE
CP,VM
A
PE
CT
VM
VM
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer (mol/mol)
Theta solvent (v/v)
Poly(l-vinyl-l,2,4-triazole)
Dimethylformamide
Dimethylformamide/dioxane (76.6/23.4)
Theta temp. (0C)
Method
Refs.
25
25
VM
CP
430
9i
25
CP
211
20
25
21
VM
A, VM
A, RGM
33
463
442
CP
A, PE
A, VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
SM, VM
DM, SM
DM, SM
DM, SM
DM, SM
DM, SM
391
263
536
387
163
384
468
384
306
285
285
285
285
285
1.5. POLY(ACRYLICS) AND RELATED COMPOUNDS

Poly(acrylamide)
Methanol/water (2/3)
(41/59)
NaCl in water (0.1 mol/l)/methanol (59/41)
Poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfone amide)
Poly(acrylic acid)
Poly (aery lonitrile)
Poly(acrylonitrile-ctf-butadiene) (35/65)
(40/60)
Poly(acrylonitrile-c0-methyl acrylate)
(95/5)
Poly(acrylonitrile-c0-methyl methacryiate)
JC AN =0.236
JTAN=0.5
* AN =0.74
Poly(acrylonitrile-costyrene) (1/2)
(51/49)
Poly(/-butyl acrylate)
Poly(f-butyl acrylate-co-vinylidene
chloride) (16.7/83.3)
Poly(cetyl acrylate)
Poly(cyclohexyl methacryiate)
Poly(decyl acrylate)
Dioxane/water (18.5/81.5)
Dioxane
Water/0.2 mol/1 HCl
Dimethylformamide/methanol (81/19)
Ethylene carbonate
Ethylene carbonate/water (85/15; w/w)
(85/15; v/v)
Nitric acid/water (55/45; w/w)
Acetonitrile/butanone (79/21)
Benzene/cyclohexane (85.5/14.5)
Butanone/Z-propanol (60/40)
Cyclohexane/ethyl acetate (32.7/67.3)
Ethylene carbonate/water (82.5/17.5; w/w)
Nitric acid/water (51/49; w/w)
24.8
24.8
VM
VM
385
385
Benzene
Benzene/dimethylformamide (6.5/1)
Benzene/dimethylformamide (5/3)
Dimethylformamide/methanol (44.7/55.3)
Ethyl acetate
rc-Hexane
19.8
30
30
25
25
40-43
25
24.2
VM
VM
379
379
379
91
91
216
213
159
PE
VM
VM
A, PE
A, PE
A, PE
A
PE
A
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
VM
PE
12
341
450
340
340
340
388
388
388
388
212
212
212
212
323
12
Benzyl alcohol
Butyl acetate
w-Butanol
/-Amyl alcohol
n-Butyl alcohol
Ethyl acetate
n-Hexanol
n-Pentanol
n-Butanol
Ethanol
Methanol
w-Propanol
Poly(ethyl acrylate-co-vinylidene chloride)

(14.9/85.1)
Poly(hexyl acrylate-co-vinylidene chloride)
(14.5/85.5)
Poly(hexadecyl acrylate)
Ethyl acetoacetate
Benzyl alcohol
rc-Heptanol
fl-Hexanol
Poly(phenyl aerylamide)
Poly(Af-/-propyl acrylamide)
25
30
14 db 5
20
60
29.3
44
25
25
19-22
19-22
22
20
19-22
Water
Dioxane
Water
44
15.2
23.0
- 8.5
- 24.5
9-11
34
43.2
70
75.6
44.9
37.4
20.5
39.5
39.5
49.6
CP
CP
PE
56.8
PE
12
20.5
30.1
52.2
60.2
-8
20
31
30.6
30.6
20
A
PE
A
PE
A
388
388
388
388
441
389
142
390
534
382
PE
VM
LS
VM
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer (mol/mol)
Theta solvent (v/v)
Poly(i-propyl acrylate), atactic
l,2-Butanediol/l,3-butanediol (68.4/31.6)
n-Decane
l,2-Butanediol/l,3-butanediol (68.4/31.6)
n-Decane
n-Decane
isotactic
syndiotactic
Poly(n-octyl acrylate-co-vinylidene
chloride) (15.5/84.4)
Poly(phenyl acrylate)
Sodium poly(acrylate)
Benzyl alcohol
Ethyl lactate
Theta temp. (0C)

121.0
166.6
123.5
178.0
168.3
77.9
11.7
13.8
15.0
Method
Refs.
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
218
218
354
354
218
PE
A, CP
VT
A
12
146
383
452
1.6. POLY(METHACRYLICS) AND RELATED COMPOUNDS

PolyO?-biphenyl methacrylate)
Poly(DL-*'-bornyl methacrylate)
Poly(4~f-butylcyclohexyl methacrylate)
Poly(n~butyl methacrylate)
Poly(z-butyl methacrylate), isotactic
Cyclohexanone
Cyclopentanol
Benzene
1-Octanol
Cyclohexane
n-Butanoi
i-Butanol
n-Decane
Dimethylformamide
n-Dodecane
Ethanol
n-Hexadecane
Methyl carbitol
Methyl cellosolve
n-Octane
*-Propanol
Poly (/-butyl methacrylate)
Dimethylformamide
Methyl carbitol
Methyl cellosolve
Cyclohexane
Poly(2-*-butylphenyl methacrylate)
PoIyO?-r-butylphenyl methacrylate)
Poly(2-chloroethyl methacrylate)
Poly(cyclobutyl methacrylate)
Poly(cyclobutylmethyl methacrylate)
Poly(cyclododecyl methacrylate)
n-Heptane
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
o-Dichlorobenzene
/i-Butanol
n-Butanol
Hexyl acetate
n-Butanol
Poly(cyclopentyl methacrylate)
Poly(2,6-dimethylphenyl methacrylate)
Poly(2,6-diisopropylphenyl methacrylate)
n-Decane
n-Decanol
n-Dodecane
n-Hexanol
n-Nonanol
n-Octane
n-Octanol
n-Propanol
2-Butanol
Cyclohexane
Ethyl acetate
n-Pentanol
Toluene
73.2
83.5
10
39.6
-133
40
10.7
84.8
23.6
101
45
119.8
87.9
59.6
68.9
20.9
21.5
23
23.7
25
48.1
115.6
74.9
10
10
64
18.5
25
35.7
37.5
40.0
35
22.5
22.5
22.5
93.6
23.0
97.5
9.2
20.2
83.4
17.9
39.5
45
36
11
9.6
25.0
25.0
25
PE,VM
A
VM
A
VM
VM
PE
VM
IG
VM
PE
PE
VM
VM
A,VM
IG
A, PE
A
PE
PE
PE
VM
PE
PE
PE,VM
VM
A
PE
VM
PE
A,VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
PE
A
A
PE
A
A
VM
291
292
129
396
288
288
205
205
254
205
412
205
254
254
205
205
50
412
54
348
254
254
254
466
518
518
336
121
397
404
504
404
166
131
312
312
312
312
312
312
312
312
312
404
404
401,457
140
411
411
467
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer (mol/mol)
Theta solvent (v/v)
Poly(diphenylmethyl methacrylate)
Poly(docosyl methacrylate)
Poly(ethylbutyl methacrylate)
3-Heptanone
Amyl acetate
/z-Amyl alcohol
i-Propanol
Butanone/*-propanol (12.5/87.5)
/i-Butyl bromide
Methyl -propyl ketone
/-Propanol
m-Xylene
Poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-lauryl
methacrylate) (3/97)
Poly(-hexyl methacrylate)
Ethanol/rc-heptane (69/31)
(62/38)
(56/44)
(49/51)
n-Heptane/Az-propanol (56/44)
(70/30)
j'-Propanol
rt-Propanol
Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), it
Poly(rc-lauryl methacrylate)
Urea/water (4 mol/1)
(6mol/l)
(8 mol/1)
2-Butanol
Ethanol
1-Propanol
2-Propanol
Water
2-Hydroxymethyltetrahydrofuran
/-Propyl acetate
n-Pentanoi
Poly(5-p-menthyl methacrylate)
Poly(rnethacrylonitrile)
Poiy(hexyleneoxyphenylenecarboxyphenyleneoxymethylene methacrylate)
Poly(methyl w-butacrylate)
2-Pentanone
Dioxane/dimethylformamide (7/5)
HCl/water (0.002 mol/1)
Methanol
NaCl/water (0.5 mol/1)
(0.05 mol/1)
Dimethylformamide
Toluene
Toluene-d8
n-Butanol
DiO'-butyl) ketone
Acetone
Acetone/ethanol (47.7/52.3)
Acetone/methanol (78.1/21.9)
Acetonitrile
Acetonitrile/butanol (93/7)
Acetonitrile/methanol (90/10)
Acetonitrile/pentyl acetate (93/7)
Acetonitriie/n-propanol
Theta temp. (0C)
Method
45
31
29.5
27.4
23
0
-1
36.9
36.9
-3
PE,VM
A
A,VM
A, PE
A, PE
VM
VM
A, PE
VM
VM
405,478
401,457
247
77
52
349
349
54
474
349
-24
1
24
40
1
24
32.6
37
20.0
21.3
10
27.2
52.5
3.7
15.8
32.1
14.0
15.3
19.5
13
13
29.5
29.5
25
26.9
30
151
26
43
68
29.2
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
A, PE
VM
A
PE
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
PE
A, PE
PE, VM
A, PE
VM
VM
VM
VM
PE
VM
A
A
VM
257
257
257
257
257
257
47
34
388
388
86
86
86
484
484
484
484
484
507
48
489
206
208
336
392
165
393
394
164
164
275
15.5
6.5
13
11.4
-126
- ( 5 5 10)
25
25
28
30
30.5
32.3
38
44
44
44.0
45 10
60
25
25
25
25
A
A
A
A
VM
A, CP
VM
VM
A,VM
RGM
A, VM
VM
A
DM,VM
RGM
VM
PE, VM
A
A
A
A
Refs.
402
402
155
155
288
112
96
278
278
57
414
409
162
407,410,519
427
512,513
112
112
220
220
220
220
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer (mol/mol)
Theta temp. (0C)
Theta solvent (v/v)

/-Amyl acetate
n-Amyl acetate
n-Amyl methyl ketone
Benzene
Benzene/Vhexane (70/30)
2-Butanol/l-chlorobutane (80/20)
Butanone
Butanone/i-propanol (58.2/41.8)
(55/45)
(55/45)
(38/62)
(50/50)
(50/50)
(50/50)
(50/50)
(58.2/41.8)
(46.8/53.2)
2^Butoxyethanol
-Butyl acetate
n-Butyl chloride
Carbon tetrachloride/rc-hexane (99.4/0.6)
Chloroform
Cyclohexane/dioxane (53/47)
(53.4/46.6)
Cyclohexanol
Cyclohexanone/j-propanol (51.6/48.4)
Decalin (trans)
Dichloroethane
DioxaneM-hexane (59/41)
2-Ethoxyethanol
Ethyl acetate
Ethyl
2-Heptanone
tt-butyraldehyde
3-Heptanone
4-Heptanone
n-Hexane/3-methyl-2-butanone (17/83)
rc-Hexane/toluene (18.8/81.2)
Methanol/toluene (64.3/35.7)
57.5
41
15
-223
20
39.2
-98
25
25
4
7.0
12.8
20
22.8
25
25
25
25
28.5
75.0
75.0
-20
32.6
34.0
35.0
35.0
35.0
35.4
35.4
40.6
40.8
40.8
40.8
27
25
25
-273
20
25
77.6
21-22
23.5
-233
35
41
46
20
25
27.1
30.1
37.8
-98
22
11
11.5
25
33.7
33.8
34 1 0
40.4
20
25
26.2
Method
A
VM
VM
VM
CP
A
VM
A, CP
A, CP
A
A
A
CP
A
PE
VM
A
A
A
VM
VM
A
A
VM
A
RGM
A
VM
A
DM,VM
RGM
A
VM
CP
CP
VM
A,VM
A,CP
VM
VM
VM
PE
VM
PE
CP
A
VM
VM
A,VM
VM
PE
VM
RGM
VM
PE
PE
VM
A
CP
CP
A, PE
Refs.
174
112
293
112
128
403
112
96
96
174
311
174
128
174
300
32
49
96
174
278
443
174
173
278
311
414
509
174
400
407
427
512,513
519
112
96
96
112
82
96
117
279
277
112
112
32
112
98
343
443
278
409
112
112
112
414
112
300
112,516
112
174
99
96
54
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer (mol/mol)
Theta solvent (v/v)

2-Methoxyethanol
Methyl *-butyrate
Methyl methacrylate
Methyl i-valerate
Nitrobenzene//-propanol (51.6/48.4; w/w)
Nitromethane
2-Octanone
3-Octanone
Tetralin
Toluene
A-, =0.07
x, =0.08
A, =0.09
x, =0.94
x,: = 1.00
Poly(methyl methacrylate-co-9,10-anthrylenedimethyl dimethacrylate (99.86/0.14)

Poly(methyl methacrylate-/?/<?c/:a-methylstyrene)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-a/f-styrene)
(50/50)
Poly (methyl methacrylate-fr/c>cA: styrene)
(14.9/85.1)
(15.4/84.6)
(26.8/73.2)
(27.6/72.4)
(various)
(50/50)
(50/50)
(50.4/49.6)
(50.4/49.6)
(51.4/48.6)
(51.4/48.6)
(64.1/35.9)
(64.1/35.9)
Poly(methyl methacrylate-cc-styrene)
(23.7/76.3)
(29.8/70.2)
(30.6/69.4)
(41.9/58.1)
(43.8/56.2)
(44.8/55.2)
m-Xylene
/7-Cymene
n-Propanol
Acetonitrile
p-Cumene
3-Heptanone
n-Propanol
Acetonitrile
-Butyl chloride
ButanoneA'-propanol (55/45)
/1-Butyl chloride
tt-Propanol
Theta temp. ( 0 C)
-2
- 2
- (53 10)
-163
-42
- 37
18
32.0
60
72
74
- ( 6 5 10)
- 178
24
159.7
84.4
43.0
30.3
152.1
40.0
75.9
27.6
25.0
26.5
8.0
26.5
85.2
Method
VM
VM
VM
VM
A
A
VM
RGM
PE
PE
CT
VM
PE
VM
PE
PE
A
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
A
A
A
A
PE
Refs.
278
443
112
112
174
174
227
414
112
112,516
147
112
408
277
300
300
511
300
300
300
300
187
311
311
311
311
300
Toluene/octane (78/22)
25
PL
399
1-Chlorohexane
3-Heptanone
2-Octanone
93
84
62
94
PE
PE
PE
PE
179
179
179
179
Cyclohexanol
60.8
A,VM
181
Cyclohexanol
2-Ethoxyethanol
84
84
84
84
82
81.6
81.1
81.3
81.0
81.0
81.3
80.5
69.5
A,VM
A
A, VM
A
PE
A
A, VM
A,VM
A,VM
A
A
A
A
181
267
180
267
179
118
181
180
180
267
267
267
267
BenzeneM-hexane (44/56)
Benzene/?-propanol (57/43)
/7-Hexane/3-methylbutane (40/60)
Cyclohexanol
2-Ethoxyethanol
Cyclohexanol
2-Ethoxyethanol
BenzeneM-hexane (51/49)
Benzene//-propanol (51/49)
/?-Hexane/3-methylbutanone (34/66)
Cyclohexanol
2-Ethoxyethanol
Cyclohexanol
2-Ethoxyethanol
20
20
20
63.0
72.8
63.0
72.8
20.0
20.0
20.0
61.3
58.4
61.3
58.4
CP
CP
CP
A5VM
A,VM
A
A
CP
CP
CP
A,VM
A,VM
A
A
99
99
99
180
180
267
267
99
99
99
180
180
267
267
2-Ethoxyethanol
Cyclohexanol
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer (mol/mol)
Theta solvent (v/v)

(48.0/52.0)
(50.0/50.0)
(51.4/48.6)
(57.7/42.3)
(64.1/35.9)
(70.7/29.3)
(71.5/28.5)
(73.9/26.1)
Poly(P-naphthyl methacrylate)
PolyO-octyl methacrylate)
PolyO'-octyl methacrylate-o?-styrene) (20/80)
Poly(pentachlorophenyl methacrylate)
Cyclohexanol
Cyclohexanol
Cyclohexanol
2-Ethoxyethanol
Benzene/i-propanol (48/52)
n-Hexane/3-methylbutanone (29/71)
Cyclohexanol
2-Ethoxyethanol
Cyclohexanol
2-Ethoxyethanol
Cyclohexanol
2-Ethoxyethanol
Benzene/-hexane (62/38)
Benzene/n-propanol (41/59)
H-Hexane/3-methylbutanone (24/76)
Tetralin
Toluene
Butyl acetate
n-Butanol
Acetone/n-heptane (64.1/35.9)
Butanone/methanol (99.4/0.6)
Benzene
Benzene/ethylbenzene (5/5)
Benzene/toluene (1/9)
(5/5)
Chloroform
o-Dichlorobenzene
Ethylbenzene
Poly(4-phenylbutyl-l-methacrylate)
Poly(2-phenylethyl-l -methacrylate)
Poly(phenyl thiolmethacrylate)
Poly(stearyl methacrylate)
Poly(tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate)
Theta temp. (0C)

61.6
68.6
81.3
81.0
20
20
20
80.5
69.5
68.0
40
68.2
40
20
20
20
20
52
10.5
16.8
25
25
37
40
30
10
14
35
-126
25
25
25
23.0
27.5
25
36
31.2
Poly(tetrahydro-4#-pyranyl-2-methacrylate)
Poly(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl methacrylate)
1-Chloroundecane
1-Chloroheptane
Butanone
Propyl acetate
2-Hydroxymethyltetrahydrofuran/methanol
(80/20)
i-Butanol
Benzene
Poly(tridecyl methacrylate)
Ethyl acetate
30.5
21.8
25.0
27
Acetone/methanol (99/1)
Acetone/water (98/2)
Chloroform/methanol (52/48)
Ethyl acetate/methanol (65/31)
Benzene/n-heptane (53/47)
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
25.0
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
Method
A, VM
A
A
Refs.
R, VM
VM
VM
VM
A
PE,VM
181
118
178
178
99
99
99
178
178
180
180
267
267
99
99
99
264
264
406
51
161
161
287
24
287
287
287
287
288
287
288
24
477
477
176
401,457
359
A
VM
VM
A
481
395
398
401,457
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
VM
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
350
350
350
350
350
350
350
470
350
350
350
350
350
350
350
350
350
350
350
350
CP
CP
CP
A
A
A, VM
A, VM
A
A
CP
CP
CP
VM
VM
A
A, PE
A, CP
A, CP
PE
R5VM
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
1.7. OTHER CARBON CHAINS

Poly[di(rt-amyl) itaconate]
Poly(dibenzyl itaconate)
Poly[di(n-butyi) itaconate]
Poly[di(n-decyl) itaconate]
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer (mol/mol)
Poly[di(rc-heptyl) itaconate]
Poly[di(n-hexyl) itaconate]
Poly(N-2,4-dimethyl phenylmaleimide)
Poly[di(rc-nonyl) itaconate]
Poly[di(rc-octyl) itaconate]
Poly[di(n-propyl itaconate]
Poly[di(-undecyl) itaconate]
Poly[/V-(rt-octadecyl) maleimide]
Poly(mono(n-octyl) itaconate)
Poly(tetrafluoroetnylene-c0trifluoronitrosomethane (1/1)
Theta solvent (v/v)

Butanone/mineral spirits (34/66)
Ethanol/water (91/9)
Butanone/cyclohexane (86/14)
Butanone/n-hexane (90/10)
Butyl acetate
Ethanol/water (8/2)
w-Butanol
n-Decanol
-Hexanol
H-Octanol
2-Propanol
Trichlorotrifluoroethane
Theta temp. (0C)
Method
Refs.
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
21
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
120.5
39.3
78.9
53.6
30
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
DM,VM
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP,VM
CP1VM
CP,VM
CP,VM
VM
350
350
350
350
350
350
350
350
350
350
350
350
350
350
350
350
350
350
342
350
350
350
350
350
350
350
350
350
350
17
17
17
17
386
VM
248
35
TABLE 2. HETEROCHAIN POLYMERS

Polymer (mol/mol)
2.1.
Theta solvent (v/v)
Theta temp. (0C)
Method
Refs.
POLY(ACETALS) AND POLY(ETHERS)
Poly(oxy-2,6-dimethyl-l,4-phenylene)
Poly(oxyethylene); polyethylene oxide)
Methylene chloride
Acetonitrile//-propyl ether (45/55)
Benzene/i-octane (100/48)
CaCl 2 /water(2mol/l)
ChloroformM-hexane (54/46)
(47.4/52.6)
CsCl/water(2mol/l)
Diethylene glyeol diethylether
KCl/water(2mol/l)
KF/water(0.30mol/l)
(0.50mol/l)
(0.80mol/l)
(1.00mol/l)
KNO3/water (2mol/l)
KOH/water(1.24mol/l)
K 3 PO 4 /water(0.20mol/l)
89.2
20
70.8
71
82
86
20
20
60
50
54
57
78.0
VM
CP
CT
PE
CT
CT
CP
CT,VM
CT
VM
CT
CT
PE
66.0
49.0
38.0
PE
PE
PE
65
25
63.0
CT
PE, VM
PE
317
98
134
8
260
36
98
90
260
25
36
260
482
482
482
482
36
416
482
Table 2.
cont'd
Polymer (mol/mo!)
Theta solvent (v/v)

(0.30mol/l)
(0.35 mol/1)
(0.40mol/l)
K 2 SO 4 /water(0.45mol/l)
LiCl/water (2mol/l)
Methyl /-butyl ketone
MgCl 2 /water(2mol/l)
MgSO4/water (0.39 mol/1)
NaCl/water (2mol/l)
Na acetate/water (0.75 mol/1)
(1.50mol/l)
(2.00 mol/1)
(3.00 mol/1)
Na 2 S 2 O 3 (0.20mol/l)
(0.30 mol/1)
(0.40 mol/1)
(0.50 mol/1)
NH 4 Cl/water(2mol/l)
Nitroethane//-propyl ether (45/55)
RbCl/water(2mol/l)
SrCl 2water (2 mol/1)
ZnSO4/water (0.30mol/1)
(0.35 mol/1)
(0.45 mol/1)
21 salts in water (various concentrations)
Water
Poly(oxyethylethylene),
poly(butylene oxide)
Poly(oxy(2-hydroxytrimethylene)oxy1,4-phenylene-isopropylidene1,4-phenylene)
Poly(oxypropylene); poly(propylene oxide)
Poly(oxytetrafluoroethylene)-co
poly(oxydifluoromethylene) (40/60)
Poly (oxytetramethylene);
poly(tetrahydrofuran)
Theta temp. (0C)

45.0
38.0
26.0
34
34
35
35
90
90
50
80
90
42
42
42
45
60
61
75.0
55.0
45.0
31.0
74.0
63.0
52.0
41.0
76
77
20
56
73
82
54.0
48.0
35.0
97
5.1
96
102
103
108.3
117
92-109
Method
Refs.
PE
PE
PE
CT
CT
PE
VM
CT
CT
VM
CT
CT
CT
CP
DM,VM
CT
A
VM
VM
CT
VT
482
482
482
259
36
13
25
36
260
25
260
36
259
36
536
13
260
260
482
482
482
482
482
482
482
482
260
36
98
260
260
36
482
482
482
417
45
36
418
416
419
260
383
PE
CT
CT
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
CT
CT
CP
CT
CT
CT
PE
PE
PE
/-Propanol
29.8
30
VM
VM
225
35
Cyclohexanone/toluene (32.5/67.5)
Tetrahydrofuran/toluene (2/1)
/-Octane
22
30
50
VM
SM
A
194
37
10
Freon TF
25
VM
415
Acetonitrile/benzene (61.5/38.5)
Acetonitrile/butanone (38.3/61.7)
Acetonitrile/carbon tetrachloride (50.2/49.8)
Acetonitrile/chlorobenzene (60.1/39.9)
Acetonitrile/tetrahydrofuran (58.7/41.3)
Acetonitrile/toluene (61/39)
rc-Butanol
Butanone
Chlorobenzene
ChlorobenzeneM-octane (25.0/75.0)
(21.5/78.5)
25
25
25
25
25
25
5
25
25
10
25.8
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
PE
VM
VM
A, CP
A, CP
94
94
94
94
94
94
107
214
214
106
106
Table 2. cont'd
Polymer (mol/mol)
Theta solvent (v/v)

(14.5/85.5)
(13.0/87.0)
(10.9/89.1)
Method
Refs.
i-Propanol
Toluene
Cyclohexane
46.0
63.0
80.0
26
33.5
30.4
33
44.6
28.3
27
A, CP
A, CP
A, CP
VM
PE
PE
A
PE
A
PE
Cyclohexane/dioxane (32/68)
s-Tetrachloroethane
25
25
CP
VM
437
446
Dichloroethane
Chloroform/heptane (50.2/49.8)
2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol/water (52.6/47.4)
25
25
25
A
CP
CP
420
421
421
Toluene
17.0
A, VM
506
Cyclohexanol
64
PE
360
Chloroform/n-hexane (65/35)
(63/37)
(62/38)
(60/40)
(59/41)
(57/43)
(56/44)
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
98
99
98
98
98
98
98
BenzeneM-hexane (83.3/16.7)
Cyclohexanol
Chiorobenzene/K-hexane (75.9/24.1)
rc-Hexane/nitrobenzene (43.3/56.7)
Benzene/n-hexane (85.1/14.9)
Chiorobenzene/rc-hexane (70.2/29.8)
Nitrobenzene/rc-hexane (67.0/33.0)
25
77
25
25
25
25
25
CP
PE
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
175
360
175
175
175
175
175
n-Butyl benzyl ether

Chloroform
Chloroform/ethanol (74.5/25.5)
Cyclohexane/dioxane (36.1/63.9; w/w)
Cyclohexanol
Cyclohexanol
170
20
18
25
114.5
88
A
A
CP
VM
PE
PE
27
73
193
241
360
360
Cyclohexane/dichloroacetic acid (6/4)

Benzene/n-hexane (48.3/51.7)
BromobenzeneM-hexane (45.0/55.0)
ChlorobenzeneM-hexane (37.5/62.5)
25
25
25
25
A,VM
CP
CP
CP
344
175
175
175
Butyl chloride
13
A,VM
143
Acetonitrile//-propyl ether (35.8/64.2)

Chloroform/rt-hexane (56/44)
20
20
CP
CP
98
98
^-ButanolM-heptane (81/19)
Ethanol/n-heptane (39/61)
(51/49)
(59/41)
/i-Heptane//i-propanol (35/65)
(16/84)
1
1
24
40
1
24
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
257
257
257
257
257
257
Cyclohexane/rc-heptane
Diethyl malonate
Ethyl acetate/n-hexane (22.7/77.3)
Poly(oxytrimethylene)
Theta temp. (0C)
106
106
106
214,228
105
105
199
105
9
55
2.2. POLY(ESTERS)
Poly(bisphenol A-co-(isophthalic acid 4terephthalic acid; 1:1)
Poly(decamethylene perfluorosebacate)
Poly(diphenylphthalide dicarboxylic acida/f-/?,p'-dihydroxydiphenyl)
Poly(P-hydroxybutyrate)
Poly( 1 -(6-[4-(4-methoxyphenoxycarbonyl)phenoxyjhexyloxycarbonyl)-1 -methylethylene)
Poly(oxyadipoyloxyhexamethylene);
poly(hexamethylene adipate)
Poly(oxyadipoly-poly(oxyethylene)
mol. wt. of PEOX = 150
200
300
387
600
2580
7000
Poly(oxyadipoyloxytetramethylene);
poly(tetramethylene adipate)
Poly(oxycaproyl); poly(-caprolactone)
Poly(oxycarbony loxy-1,4-pheny leneisopropylidene-1,4-phenylene);
Poly(oxyethyleneoxyadipoyl)
Poiy(oxyethyleneoxysuberoyl)
Poly(oxyethyleneoxyterephthaioyl);
polyethylene terephthalate)
Poly(oxyoctamethyleneoctasebacoyl)
DL-Poly(oxy( 1 -oxo-3-methyltrimethylene))
poly(DL-^-methyl-propiolactone)
Poly(oxy sebacoy loxy-poly (oxyethylene));
Poly (12-oxy stearoy 1);
poly(12-hydroxystearic acid)
Table 2. cont'd
Polymer (mol/mol)
Poly(oxysuberoyl-poly(oxyethylene))
Poly(oxysebacoyloxy-poly(oxyethylene));
Poly(phenolphthalein-a/f-terephthalic acid)
Poly[2,2-propane-bis(4-phenylthiocarbonate)]
2.3.
Theta solvent (v/v)
Theta temp. (0C)
Method
Refs.
Acetonitrile/i-propyl ether (38.6/61.4)

Chloroform/n-hexane (58/42)
20
20
CP
CP
98
98
Acetonitrile/i-propyl ether (35.8/64.2)

ChloroformM-hexane (61/39)
Tetrahydrofuran
Chloroform/cyclohexane (76.5/23.5)
20
20
19
25
CP
CP
A
VM
98
98
420
469
Dioxane/water (18.5/81.5)
Dichloroethane/diethylene glycol (80/20)
25
25
A,VM
A
475
209

Methanol/toluene (19.5/80.5)
25
25
CP
CP
Carbon tetrachloride/m-cresol/cyclohexane
Formic acid/KCl/water
20
25
SM
A,VM
335
101
CaCl2/methanol (15g/dl)
Chloroform/perfluoro alcohol (7/3)
m-Cresol/decalin (25/75)
KCl in formic acid (2.3 mol/l)/water (90/10)
35
25
30
25
VM
PE
CT
VM
256
198
148
422
POLY(AMIDES)
Poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane
sulfonamide)
Poly(y-benzyl-L-glutamate)
Poly ([n-hexylimino)carbony 1];
poly(n-hexyl isocyanate)
Poly(iminoadipoyliminohexamethylene);
poly(hexamethylene adipamide)
Poly (imino( 1 -oxohexamethy lene));
poly(e-caprolactam)
Poly(iminoterephthaloylimino2,2,4/2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene)
Poly |7V-methylimino( 1 -oxodecamethylene)];
poly(N-methyldodecane lactam)
Poly(L-proline)
Poly(pyromellitic acid-c<?-4-amino-1,4phenyleneoxy-l,4-phenyleneamine)
Poly(pyromellitic acid-co-4-amino-1,4phenyleneoxy-1,4-phenyleneoxy1,4-phenyleneamine)
29
29
Aniline
Pyrroline
142
62
CT, PE
PE
141
141
Dioxane
Trifluoroethanol
Water
30.5
130
100
A,VM
A
A
286
227
227
Dimethylacetamide/dioxane (1/2.5)
21
A,VM
449
Dimethylacetamide/dioxane (1/7.5)
21
A,VM
449
Dimethylformamide
82
VM
318
Acetone/dimethylformamide (21/79)
25
VM
23
Butanol/l,2-dichloroethane (38/62)
30
VM
435
Dichloroacetic acid
Sulfuric acid (90%)
2,4,4-Trimethyl pentane
46
46
39.5
VM
VM
VM
109
109
236
Water
Acetone/dimethyl sulfoxide (43.5/56.5)
Dimethyl sulfoxide/methanol (49/51)
Dimethyl sulfoxide/0.5 mol/1 KCl in water
(25/75)
Guanidinium chloride in water (4.2 mol/1)
0.33 mol/1 KCl in water
25
20
25.0
A
VM
VM
325
40
61
25
25
22.5
25
25
25
155
159.8
37
49
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
A
PE
PE
PE
PE
61
424
14
108
61
15
330
426
331
426
2.4. POLYUREAS, POLYURETHANES AND OTHER NITROGEN CHAINS

Poly( 1,4-butylene glycol-c<?-4,4 '-diphenylmethanediisocyanate-co-poly(oxycaprolyl))
Poly(ethylene glycol-co-4,4; -dipheny 1methane diisocyanate)
Poly[2-methoxy-4,6-di(p,p/-isopropylidene
diphenyloxy) j-triazine]
Poly(ureylene heptamethylene);
Poly(heptamethylene urea)
Polyurethane from polypropylene glycol and
2,4,4-tolylene diisocyanate
2.5.
POLYSACCHARIDES
Amylopectin
Amylose
Amylose tricarbanilate
Cellulose diacetate
Sodium acetate buffer

Pyridine/water (86.7/13.3)
Acetone
Butanone
Table 2. cont'd
Polymer (moi/mol)
Theta solvent (v/v)
Acetone
Cellulose tributyrate
Cellulose tricaproate
Cellulose tricaprylate
Tetrachloroethane
Dimethylformarnide
Dimethylformarnide
3-Phenylpropanol
Anisole
Cyclohexanol
Water
Water
Cellulose tricarbanilate
Dextran
Theta temp. (0C)
Method
Refs.
A
PE
PE
PE
PE
A
A
PE
PE
A
A
A
A
332
426
331
65
65
150
191
215
215
425
425
535
423
23.5
23.5
25
CP
501
501
261
105.5
26.8
25.0
VM
PE
VM
428
436
500
29.5
-7
-5.2
- 3
25
25
25
25
25
25
78.3
78.7
28
36.8
39.0
36.3
19.8
19.8
20.0
20.0
20.0
-38.2
-19.2
68
56.3
-81
-68.2
25
87
63
65
67 2
4.8
18
2.1
-173.2
-173.2
-113.2
A
A
VM
A
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
VM
A
VM
VM
A
A
PE
VM
A
PE
A
VM
VM
A
A
A
VM
CP
PE
CT
PE
68
202
201
202
94
94
94
94
94
94
201
309
433,459
201
209
309
432
201
67
111
202
201
201
202
309
202
201
94
71
72
72
536
201
202
309
201
201
201
50
158.8
170
27
181
56.6
41
140
48
94
73
101.8
- 73
2.6. CARBON-SULFUR CHAINS

Poly(arylate-arylenesulfonoxide)
Poly(arylate-&/c>c&-arylenesulfonoxide)
Poly(propylene sulfide)
Poly(sulfonyl-1,4-phenyleneoxy1,4-phenylene-dimethylmethylene1,4-phenylene-oxy)
Poly(arylene sulfonate)
Poly(diphenylether sulfone)
Dioxane
Dioxane
n-Heptane/toluene (31.5/68.5)
Dimethylsulfoxide
Dioxane
Dimethylformamide/methanol (83/17)
2.7. SILICON-OXYGEN CHAINS

Poly(oxydimethylsilyiene)
poly(dimethyl siloxane)
Acetone/toluene (6/5)
Benzene
Benzyl alcohol/carbon tetrachloride (21.2/78.8)
Benzyl alcohol/chloroform (12.8/87.2)
Benzyl alcohol/ethyl benzene (14.6/85.4)
Benzyl alcohol/methylene chloride (22.7/77.3)
Benzyl alcohol/trichloroethylene (21.7/78.3)
Benzyl alcohol/toluene (16.2/83.8)
Bromobenzene
Bromocyclohexane
Bromocyclohexane/phenetole (85.7/14.3)
Butanone
n-Butyl acetate
Chlorobenzene
Chlorobenzene/dimethyl phthalate (88.2/11.8)
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexanol/toluene (34/66)
Dichlorobenzene
Ethanol/n-heptane (49/51)
Ethyl acetate
Ethyl iodide
^-Heptane
rc-Hexane
Methylcyclohexane
VM
A
A
VM
VM
VM
Table 2. cont'd
Polymer (mol/mol)
Theta temp. (0C)
Theta solvent (v/v)

Methylcyclopentane
Nitroethane/toluene (25.9/74.1)
Nitromethane/toluene (18.9/81.1)
Nitropropane/toluene (36/64)
n-Nonane
rc-Octane
Perfluorooctane/tetrachlorodifluoroethane
(33.2/66.8; w/w)
Phenetole
K-Propyl acetate
Styrene
Toluene
Xylene
Poly(methylphenylsiloxane)
Poly(phenylsilasesquioxane)
Di-/-butylamine
1,2-Dichloroethane
Poly(Y-trifluoropropyl methyl siloxamer)
Mesitylene/toluene (30/70)
Cyclohexyl acetate
Methyl hexanoate
-98.2
25
25
25
-113.2
-143.2
22.5
83.0
83.0
89.3
89.5
-28.2
35
-30
-33.2
-47
-48.2
30.4
50.5
56
25
25
72.8
Method
VM
CP
CP
CP
VM
VM
A, PE
PE
A
VM
A
VM
A
A
VM
A
VM
VM
VM
A
VM
VM
Refs.
201
94
94
94
201
201
67
111
202
201
309
201
429
202
201
202
201
487
138,431
276
185
38
38
2.8. PHOSPHORUS-OXYGEN CHAINS

Poly(phosphate)
LiBr/water (1.80mol/l)
LiCl/water (0.40mol/l)
25
20
25
A
A
A
326
297
327
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237. J. Moacanin, A. Rembaum, R. K. Laudenslager, ACS Polymer Preprints, 4/2, 179 (1963).
Previous Page
Table 2. cont'd
Polymer (mol/mol)
Theta temp. (0C)
Theta solvent (v/v)

Methylcyclopentane
Nitroethane/toluene (25.9/74.1)
Nitromethane/toluene (18.9/81.1)
Nitropropane/toluene (36/64)
n-Nonane
rc-Octane
Perfluorooctane/tetrachlorodifluoroethane
(33.2/66.8; w/w)
Phenetole
K-Propyl acetate
Styrene
Toluene
Xylene
Poly(methylphenylsiloxane)
Poly(phenylsilasesquioxane)
Di-/-butylamine
1,2-Dichloroethane
Poly(Y-trifluoropropyl methyl siloxamer)
Mesitylene/toluene (30/70)
Cyclohexyl acetate
Methyl hexanoate
-98.2
25
25
25
-113.2
-143.2
22.5
83.0
83.0
89.3
89.5
-28.2
35
-30
-33.2
-47
-48.2
30.4
50.5
56
25
25
72.8
Method
VM
CP
CP
CP
VM
VM
A, PE
PE
A
VM
A
VM
A
A
VM
A
VM
VM
VM
A
VM
VM
Refs.
201
94
94
94
201
201
67
111
202
201
309
201
429
202
201
202
201
487
138,431
276
185
38
38
2.8. PHOSPHORUS-OXYGEN CHAINS

Poly(phosphate)
LiBr/water (1.80mol/l)
LiCl/water (0.40mol/l)
25
20
25
A
A
A
326
297
327
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1983.
S o l v e n t s
a n d
N o n
S o l v e n t s
f o r
P o l y m e r s
Lakeshore Research, 5536 W. Branch Trail Racine, Wl, USA 53402
A. Introduction
VII-498
B. Abbreviations
VII-498
C. Tables of Solvents and Nonsolvents
VII-499
Polymers
VII-499
1.1. Poly(dienes), Poly(acetylenes) VII-499
1.2. Poly(alkenes)
VII-500
1.3. Poly(acrylics),
Poly(methacrylics)
VII-501
1.3.1. Poly(acrylic acids)
VII-501
1.3.2. Poly(acrylates)
VII-501
1.3.3. Poly(methacrylates)
VII-501
1.3.4. Poly(disubstituted
esters)
VII-502
1.3.5. Poly(acrylamides),
Poly(methacrylamides) VII-503
1.4. Poly(vinyl ethers)
VII-503
1.5. Poly(vinyl alcohols),
Poly(acetals), Poly(vinyl
ketones)
'
VII-504
1.6. Poly(vinyl halides)
VII-505
1.7. Poly(vinyl nitrites)
VII-506
1.8. Poly(vinyl esters)
VII-506
1.9. Poly(styrenes)
VII-507
VII-508
Table 2. Main-Chain Carbocyclic Polymers VII-509
2.1. Poly(phenylenes)
VII-509
VII-510
Table 3. Main-Chain Carbonyl Polymers
VII-510
Table 4. Main-Chain Acyclic Heteroatom
Polymers
VII-511
4.1. Main-Chain - C - O - C Polymers
VII-511
4.1.1. Poly(oxides)
VII-511
4.1.2. Poly(carbonates)
VII-513
4.1.3. Poly(esters)
VII-513
4.1.4. Poly(anhydrides)
VII-515
4.1.5. Poly(urethanes)
VII-515
4.2. Main-Chain - O - Heteroatom
Polymers
VII-515
4.2.1. Poly(sulfonates)
VII-515
4.2.2. Poly(siloxanes)
VII-516
4.3.
Table 5.
Table 6.
Table 7.
Main-Chain - C - S - C - and
- C - S - N - Polymers
4.3.1. Poly(sulfides)
4.3.2. Poly(sulfones)
4.3.3. Others
4.4. Main-Chain - C - N - C Polymers
4.4.1. Poly(amides)
4.4.2. Poly(hydrazides)
4.4.3. Poly(ureas)
4.4.4. Poly(carbodiimides)
4.4.5. Other Compounds
4.5. Poly(phosphazenes) and
Related Compounds
4.6. Poly(silanes), Poly(silazanes)
Main-Chain Heterocyclic
Polymers
5.1. Poly(benzoxazoles),
Poly(oxadiazoles),
Poly(oxadiazolidines)
5.2. Poly(dithiazoles),
Poly(benzothiazoles)
5.3. Poly(imides)
5.3.1. Poly(benzimides)
5.3.2. Poly(pyromellitides)
5.3.3. Others
5.4. Poly(quinoxalines)
5.5. Poly(benzimidazoles)
5.6. Poly(piperazines)
5.7. Poly(anhydrides)
5.8. Poly(thiophenes)
5.9. Others
Formaldehyde Resins
Natural Polymers and Modified
Natural Polymers
7.1. Natural Rubber and
Derivatives
7.2. Cutta Percha
7.3. Cellulose and Derivatives
7.3.1. Cellulose
7.3.2. Cellulose Ethers
VII-516
VII-516
VII-517
VII-518
VII-518
VII-518
VII-520
VII-521
VII-521
VII-521
VII-522
VII-522
VII-523
VII-523
VII-524
VII-524
VII-524
VII-525
VII-525
VII-526
VII-526
VII-526
VII-527
VII-527
VII-527
VII-528
VII-528
VII-528
VII-529
VII-529
VII-529
VII-529
7.3.3. Cellulose Esters

VII-530
7.3.4. Cellulose Nitrate and
Sulfate
VII-531
7.4. Starch and Derivatives
VII-531
7.5. Other Poly(saccharides)
VII-531
7.6. Natural Resins
VII-532
Table 8. Inorganic Polymers
VII-532
Table 9. Poly(electrolytes)
VII-533
Table 10. Block Polymers
VIJ-533
Table 11. Dendrimers
VII-534
D. References
VII-536
A.
INTRODUCTION
The tables contain qualitative solubility data for a selected

number of polymers. Since no standard definition for
solvent-nonsolvent systems has been used in most of the
original sources, the recognition of a certain compound as a
solvent or nonsolvent is to some extent influenced by
personal interpretation. No attempt has been made to edit
the original information. Division into only two classes,
solvents and nonsolvents, is dictated by the practical point
of view. For more quantitative information, the user is
referred to the tables of theta solvents and fractionation of
polymers in this Handbook.
The arrangement of polymers into classes is based on
chemical structure. Since properties change gradually
within a series of homologs, polymers are arranged
according to increasing complexity, as regards the size of
the monomer unit, and the kind and number of substituents.
Only when this principle could not be applied was an
alphabetical listing chosen. We believe that a typical
solution behavior of similar polymers may be recognized
more easily by this arrangement. When formulas are
given, they refer to the main structures present in the
polymers.
Polymers are named in a manner thought to be most
recognizable to the reader. IUPAC or common names (and
sometimes both) are used.
The table has nearly doubled in size since the last
edition. New polymer categories include copolymers, mainchain carbonyl polymers, block copolymers and dendrimers, emphasizing recently developed materials. Copolymers are generally named with the dominant monomer
given first, but the reader should check alternate names,
since each polymer is listed only once. Solubility of
copolymers generally resemble more or less the properties
of the dominating monomer, although they often exhibit
higher solubilities than the corresponding homopolymers.
The solubility of block copolymers may reflect the
solubilizing/dispersing power of one of the polymer
segments rather than true solubility of all segments.
Dendrimers are shown as the repeating monomer unit,
with the terminal unit specified when known.
Solubility normally increases with rising temperature.

However, negative temperature coefficients in some solvents are observed. This is particularly true for cellulose
and poly(ethylene oxide)s.
Increasing molecular weight generally reduces solubility.
Increased branching increases the solubility compared to
a linear polymer of the same molecular weight.
Certain combinations of two or more solvents may
become nonsolvents. Conversely, mixtures of two or more
nonsolvents may sometimes become solvents. These possibilities should be considered if new solvent-nonsolvent
combinations are to be examined. It is recommended that
the reader consults the solubility parameter section in this
Handbook.
The classification of a certain compound as a nonsolvent
does not necessarily imply its ability to act as a precipitant
since this is also influenced by the nature of the particular
solvent of a solvent-nonsolvent pair. However, most
nonsolvents combine both properties.
The list of solvents and nonsolvents for each polymer is
arranged alphabetically. If class names are used, they refer
to the most common compounds. Less common compounds, although falling into a class already mentioned, are
additionally cited.
Water is a nonsolvent for most polymers and is,
therefore, often not mentioned or only mentioned if similar
polymers or derivatives are water soluble.
The data refer to room temperature unless otherwise
stated.
Homologs and closely related compounds generally have
similar solubility properties. When specific solvents or
nonsolvents are cited, it is done so with the understanding
that homologs and compounds with similar structures can
be expected to exhibit similar properties.
B.
ABBREVIATIONS
bzn.
DMA
DMF
DMSO
HMPT
TMS
THF
W
aqu.
cone.
DS
degrad.
dil.
mol. wt.
rt
SC
sw
temp.
Benzene
/V,/V-Dimethylacetamide
Af,N~Dimethylformamide
Dimethyl sulfoxide
Tetrahydrofuran
Water
Aqueous
Concentrated
Degree of substitution
Degradation
Diluted
Molecular weight
Room temperature
Substituent content
Swelling
Temperature
C. TABLES OF SOLVENTS AND NONSOLVENTS

Polymer
1.1.
Solvents
Nonsolvents
Refs.
POLY(DIENES), POLY(ACETYLENES) (see also 6.1, 6.2)
Poly(dienes) unsubstituted
Poly(allene)
PoIy(1,2-butadiene)
57% 1,2PoIy(1,3-butadiene)
98% cis-, 2% 1,295% cis-, 1% trans100% cis97% trans-, 3% 1,2Poly(isoprene),

cis-, with chlorosulfonylisocyanato groups
Poly(dienes) substituted
Poly(2-terf-butyl-l,3-butadiene)
Poly(dicyclopentadiene)
Poly(5,7-dimethyl-1,6-octadiene)
PoIy(I-methoxybutadiene), crystalline
Bzn., halogenated hydrocarbons

Toluene
Chloroform
Higher aliphatic ethers, hydrocarbons,
higher ketones, THF
Bzn., toluene
Cyclohexane
Bzn., heptane/hexane (1/1)
Cyclohexane, toluene
See PoIy(1,3-butadiene)
Toluene
Bzn., carbon disulfide, carbon
tetrachloride, chloroform,
diethyl ether, heptane
Toluene
See Poly(2-terf-butyl-1,3-butadiene)
Poly(2-chlorobutadiene), chloroprene
Bzn., carbon tetrachloride, chlorinated

hydrocarbons, cyclohexane/toluene,
cyclohexanone, dioxane, ethyl *
acetate, pyridine
1,4-dsBzn., chloroform, ether, hexane, THF
Poly[2-(chloromethyl)butadienej
Dichloromethane, THF, toluene
Poly(perfluoro-1,4-pentadiene)
Hexafluorobenzene
Poly(2,5-diheptyl~l,4-phenylenehexa-l,3,5-triene-l,6~diyl) Acetone, bzn., chloroform
PoIy(1,5-pentamethyl-2-enediyl)
Methylene chloride
Poly(butadiene-c<?-styrene) (7:3-95:5)
Bzn., cyclohexane, toluene
Buna-S
GR-S
SBR rubber
Poly(acetylenes)
Poly(acetylene)
Aniline, DMF, isopropylamine
Poly(phenylacetylene)
low mol. wt.
high mol. wt.
Alcohol, dil. acids, dil. alkalies,

hypochlorite solutions, lower
ketones and esters, nitromethane,
propionitrile, W
Chloroform, cyclohexane, dioxane
Poly[bis(alkylthio)acetylene]
Aromatic hydrocarbons,
halogenated hydrocarbons
Chloroform, hexane, THF
Poly[3-(^rr-butoxycarbonylmethyleneiminocarbonyloxy)8-(5-pyrimidyl)-oct-5-yn-7-ene-l,8-diyl]
Poly[2-(dodecyloxycarbonyl) 1,4-phenyleneethynylene]
THF (hot)
Dichlorobenzene
Poly(9,9-dipropargylfluorene),
Diethyl ether, hexane

Acetone, alcohol
8
9,10
Methanol
11
Acetone, bzn., dioxane, heptane,

methanol
Alcohols, aliphatic hydrocarbons,
hydrogen fluoride, ketones, mineral
oils, nonoxidizing cone, acids incl.
hydrogen fluoride, toluene (sw), W
Acetone, ethanol, methanol
Ethanol, methanol
12
Acetone, bzn., carbon tetrachloride,

cyclohexane, methanol, methylene
chloride, pyridine
Methanol
4-7,13
14
686
16
17
7
Methanol
18
19,20
19-21
22
23
24
Methanol
DMF/pyridine
Dioxane, pyridine
Methanol
Acetone, bzn., chloroform
1
2
3
4-6
7
7
7
7
Acetone, carbon tetrachloride, methanol

Bzn., cyclohexane (hot), toluene
Methanol
Poly(diphenyldiacetyiene), poly- r(
(1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadiene), Q~ Q
I
C=CC 6 H 5
Poly (1 -propynyleneoxy-1,4-phenyleneisopropylidene1,4-phenyleneoxy-2-propynylene)
Poly(ethynylene-1,4-phenyleneoxy1,4-phenyleneethynylene)
Poly(butadiene-c<?-acrylonitrile)
Hexane, methanol
25
26
27,247
28
7
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
1.2.
Solvents
Nonsolvents
Refs.
POLY(ALKENES)
Poly(methylene)
Polyethylene
high density
low density
chlorinated, 40% Cl
chlorinated, 60% Cl
chlorosulfonated, 30% Cl, 1.5% S

Poly(ethylene g-maleic anhydride) (97:3)
Poly(ethylene-o?-propylene) (3:2)
Poly(ethylene-co-acryiic acid) (6:1)
Poly(vinyl chloride-co-ethylene) (1:9)
Poly(ethylene-C0-propylene-c0-5-methylene2-norbornene) (40:55 :5), PoIyEPDM
Polypropylene)
atactic
isotactic
PoIy(I-butene)
atactic
isotactic
Poly(isobutene)
Poly(4-methyl-l-pentene), isotactic
Poly(2-methyl-3-hydroxy-1,4-butylene)
PoIy(I -hexene)
Poly(cyclopentylethylene)
Poly(cyclohexylethylene)
atactic
stereospecific
Poly(cyclohexylalkenes)
Poly(cyclohexenylethylene)
atactic
isotactic
Poly(pentenamer), Poly(cyclopentene)
-f CH = CH(CH2 ) 3f~
Poly(3,4-dicarboxypent-l-ene-l,5-diyl)
See Polyethylene
Above 8O0C: 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene,
decalin, di-rt-amyl ether,
halogenated hydrocarbons, higher
aliphatic esters and ketones,
hydrocarbons, xylene
As above, but temperature 20-3O0C
lower, depending on degree of
branching
At elevated temperature:
chlorobenzene, cyclohexanone,
tetrachloroethane, tetrahydronaphthalene, toluene, xylene
At elevated temperature: acetone/
carbon disulfide (1/1), aromatic
hydrocarbons, chloroform,
cyclohexane, THF
Chlorinated hydrocarbons, MEK,
THF, toluene
Toluene, xylene
Bzn., xylene (hot)
Xylene
Cyclohexanone (hot),
nitrobenzene/chloroform (1 /1)
All common organic solvents at

room temperature, more polar
organic solvents even at elevated
temperatures, inorganic solvents
Bzn., chlorinated hydrocarbons at

rt, cyclohexane, diethyl ether,
ethylcyclohexane, hydrocarbons,
isoamyl acetate, toluene
See Polyethylene
More polar organic solvents with

small hydrocarbon group even at
elevated temperature
4-7,13,
29,30
As above
5,7
Acetone, butanol, chloroform,

dioxane, MEK, methanol,
methyl acetate, THF
31
Acetone, aliphatic and cycloaliphatic

hydrocarbons, ethanol, methanol,
methyl acetate
31
32,33
W
34
32
32
127
32
5,7
7,32
Bzn., chloroform, decalin,
ethylcyclohexane, toluene
See Polyethylene, ethylcyclohexane
Aliphatic ethers, anisole, carbon
Lower alcohols, lower ketones
disulfide, chlorinated hydrocarbons,
and esters, nitromethane,
di(2-chloroethyl) ether, diethylsumde, lower organic acids, propionitrile
higher alcohols, higher esters,
hydrocarbons, THF
See Polyethylene
THF
Chloroform, THF
Chloroform, diethyl ether, toluene
Methanol
Chlorinated hydrocarbons,
Alcohols, ethers, dioxane, esters, ketones
hydrocarbons, THF
At elevated temperature: bzn.,
Heptane, MEK, nitrobenzene
chlorobenzene, decahydronaphthalene,
o-dichlorobenzene, methylcyclohexane,
tetrahydronaphthalene, xylene
Chloroform, diethyl ether (partially),
Methanol
toluene
Aliphatic hydrocarbons
Acetone, ethanol
Acetone, aliphatic hydrocarbons,
halogenated hydrocarbons (partially)
diethyl ether, ethanol
Alcohols, aliphatic ketones, ethers
hydrocarbons
Chloroform, methanol
Diethyl ether
7
5,6,13,
30,35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
42
43
44
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Poly(3,4-dihydroxypent-l-ene-l,5-diyl)
PoIy(I, l-diphenyl-2-vinylcyclopropane)
Poly(/?-anthrylphenylethylene)
PoIy(I-methylbicyclo-[2.2.1]-hept-2-ene)
Poly(vinylborazine)
Poly(methylene-a/r-5-hydroxycyclohexene-l,3-diyl)
Poly(ethylene-ctf-1,4-hexadiene) (97:3)
Poly(ethylene-ctf-l-cyano-l,4-butylene) (1:2)
Poly(isobutylene-c0-4-methylstyrene) (95:5)
Poly[hexene-c<9-Af,N-di(isopropyl)amino-l-pentene] (2: 3)
Solvents
Nonsolvents
Refs.
DMSO, methanol
Chloroform
Bzn., chlorobenzene,
methylene chloride
Chlorobenzene, /7-xylene
Bzn.
Hexanes
Toluene
Acetone (hot), chloroform,
DMA, DMSO
Chloroform
Hexane
Ethanol
Methanol
Methanol, ethanol, hexane, W
44
45
46
Methanol
Pentane
47
48
49
50
51
Alcohols, dil. alkali solutions,

formamide, DMF, W
Dioxane (hot) (sw), esters,

hydrocarbons, ketones
Dioxane
Alcohols, aqu. hydrogen chloride

(0.002 M, >30C), dil. aqu.
sodium hydroxide, W
W(partially)
THF
DMF, methanol, W
Carboxylic acids, esters,

hydrocarbons, ketones
Aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated

hydrocarbons, esters, ketones, THF
See General, acetone, bzn., ethyl
acetate, glycol ester ethers,
phosphorus trichloride
See General, acetone, butanol, bzn.,
glycol ether, methanol, THF,
/?-xylene
Methanol, W
See General, butanol, turpentine
Aliphatic hydrocarbons, hydrogenated

naphthalenes, diethyl ether
Alcohols, carbon tetrachloride
Methanol
52
53
1.3. POLY(ACRYLICS), POLY(METHACRYLICS)

1.3.1. POLY(ACRYLIC ACIDS)
Poly(acrylic acid)
atactic
isotactic
atactic
isotactic, syndiotactic
Poly(acrylic acid-c<?-9-vinylphenanthrene) (3:2)
Poly(itaconic acid)
Acetone, aniline, bzn., carbon

disulfide, chloroform, ethanol,
ethyl acetate, THF
4-6,
13,54
55
4,5
56
57
58
1.3.2. POLY(ACRYLATES)
General
Poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate)
Poly(/i-butyl acrylate)
Poly(ter/-butyl acrylate)
Poly(4-hydroxybutyl acrylate)
Poly(isobornyl acrylate)
Poly(cyclohexyl acrylate)
Poly(2-ethylhexyl acrylate)
Poly(5-cyano-3-thiapentyl acrylate)
Poly[l-(/V-ethyl-AMl,4,7,10,13-pentaoxacyclopentadecyl)carbamoyl)ethylenej
Poly(pentachlorophenyl acrylate)
Poly(4-10,15,20-triphenylporphorin-21H,23H-5-ylphenyl
acrylate)
Poly(vinylcyclohexane-a?-methyl acrylate) (9: 1)
Aliphatic alcohols C >4,

cyclohexanol, tetrahydrofurfuryl
alcohol
Cyclohexyl acetate, ethanol, ethyl
acetate, methanol
5,7,
30,59
5,7,
30,59
32
30
Acetone, methanol
Isopropanol
THF
Bzn., THF, toluene
Esters, ketones, THF, toluene
Bzn., THF, toluene
Acetone, acetonitrile, dioxane, pyridine Solvents of low solubility parameter
Bzn., chloroform
Hexane
7
32
60
32
32
32
61
62
Bzn., THF
Bzn., chloroform, THF,
trifluoroacetic acid
THF
Hexane, methanol, W
Acetone, ethanol, hexane, methanol, W
63
64
65
1.3.3. POLY(METHACRYLATES)
General
Acetic acid, acetone, bzn.,

chlorobenzene, chloroform,
cyclohexanol (hot), cyclohexanone,
cyclohexyi acetate, dioxane,
2-ethoxyethanol, ethyl acetate,
isobutanol (hot), isobutyric acid,
MEK, methylene chloride, xylene
Castor oil, cyclohexane, diethyl ether,

ethylene glycol, formamide, gasoline,
glycerol, hexane, methanol, nujol
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
atactic
isotactic
syndiotactic
Poly(methyl methacrylate-co-2-acrylamido-2-methyl1-propanesulfonic acid) (95 :5)
Poly(w-propyl methacrylate)
PoIy(^-butyl methacrylate) and

Poly (butyl methacrylate-o?- /-butyl methacrylate) (1:1)

Poly(cyclohexylmethyl methacrylate)
Poly(2-ethylhexyl methacrylate)
Poly(rc-decyl methacrylate)
Poly(rc-lauryl methacrylate)
Poly(4-ter/-butylphenyl methacrylate)
Poly[(4-(terf-butyoxycarbonyloxy)phenyl) methacrylate]
Poly(bornyl methacrylate)
Poly(isobornyl methacrylate)
Poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]
Poly[(2-trimethylsiloxy)ethyl methacrylate]
Poly[2-(/V-carbazoyl)ethyl methacrylate], crystalline
Poly(cyanomethyl methacrylate)
Poly[2-(4-phenylazophenyl)ethyl methacrylate]
Poly[(methacryloyloxyundecyloxycarbonyldecyl)2-(trimethylamino)ethyl phosphate]
Poly[4-(4-methoxyphenyloxycarbonyl)
phenoxyhexamethylene methacrylate]
Poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate-coacrylamide]
(4 : 1 to 2: 3)
Solvents
Nonsolvents
Refs.
See General, ethanol/water,

Butylene glycol, carbon
ethanol/carbon tetrachloride,
tetrachloride, m-cresol, diethyl
isopropanol/MEK (1/1) above 25C,
ether, ethanol (absolute), higher
formic acid, nitroethane
esters, hydrogenated naphthalenes,
linseed oil, turpentine
Acetone, acetonitrile, bzn., MEK, THF
See isotactic
Bzn., toluene
4,5,13,
30,66,67
See General, carbon tetrachloride,

Alcohols, cyclohexane
ethanol (hot), ethyl ether, ethyl
acetate, formic acid, isopropanol
above 37C, tetralin, turpentine (hot)
DMF, methanol, methyl CellosolveQ
Formic acid
castor oil (hot), cyclohexane (hot),
diethyl ether, ethanol, gasoline (hot),
Unseed oil (hot), turpentine
Ethanol (cold), formic acid
castor oil (hot), cyclohexane,
diethyl ether, ethanol (hot), gasoline,
hexane, isopropanol above 23.7C,
linseed oil (hot), nujol (hot), turpentine
Acetone, MEK, methylene chloride,
THF, toluene
Isopropanol above 33C, MEK
Bzn., dioxane, THF
Bzn., THF
Methanol
n-Butanol, MEK
Bzn., MEK, THF
Bzn., THF
n-Pentanol above 29C,
Ethyl acetate, methanol
isopropyl acetate, MEK
Bzn., MEK, THF, toluene
Bzn., chloroform, dioxane, THF
Acetone
Bzn.
Bzn.
Methanol
Bzn., THF, toluene
Bzn., toluene
THF
Aniline (hot, partially), diphenyl
MEK
ether (hot), nitrobenzene (hot)
Acetone, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate,
Bzn., chloroform, methanol
THF
THF
Methanol
Ethanol (hot), methanol
Acetone, bzn.
5,7,67,68
Chloroform, THF, bzn., methylene

chloride, o-dichlorobenzene,
W
Hexane, methanol
Acetone, acetonitrile, bzn., DME,

furfurol, halogenated hydrocarbons,
methyl acetate, nitrobenzene,
nitromethane, THF
Acetone, amyl acetate, dioxane,
ethanol, halogenated hydrocarbons,
hydrocarbons, methyl acetate, THF
Bzn., chloroform, dioxane, DMF,
ethyl acetate, THF
Aliphatic hydrocarbons, carbon

tetrachloride, diisopropyl ether,
ethanol, ethyl acetate, methanol,
propylene carbonate, toluene, W
Acetonitrile, DMF, furfurol, methanol,
nitrobenzene, nitromethane,
propylene carbonate
7,32
32
A32
32
67
5,13,30,
67-69
32
5
32
70
5
32
32
5,71
32
32
5
696
72
32
32
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
1.3.4. POLY(DISUBSTITUTED ESTERS)

Poly(di--butyl itaconate)
80-82
81,82
83
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Poly(diamyl fumarate)
Poly (methyl terr-butyl fumarate)
Solvents
Chloroform, THF, toluene
Bzn., chloroform, methanol, THF
Nonsol vents
Hexane, W
Hexane, W
Refs.
84
85
1.3.5. POLY(ACRYLAMIDES), POLY(METHACRYLAMIDES)

Polyacrylamide
Ethylene glycol (partially),

morpholine, W
Alcohols, diethyl ether, DMF,

4,5,13
esters, higher glycols, hydrocarbons,
nitrobenzene, propylene glycol, THF
W (hot)
86,87
W (sw)
5
88
W (sw)
89
32
Poly(AMsopropylacrylamide)
W (cold)
Poly(WV-dimethylacrylamide)
Methanol, W (400C)
Poly(WV-diethylacrylamide)
THF
Poly[N-(l,l-dimethyl-3~oxobutyl) acrylamide]
Butanol, MEK, toluene
Poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-l-propanesulfonic acid),
W
PoIyAMPS
Poly(N-terf-butyl-N-allylacrylamide)
Chloroform
Petroleum ether
Poly(N-dodecylacrylamide-co-iV-vinylcarbazole)
Chloroform
Acrylonitrile
(15:1 to 2:1)
Polymethacrylamide
Acetone, ethylene glycol, methanol, W Diethyl ether, hydrocarbons
PolyyV-carbazolylcarbonylethylene), Poly(9-acryloylcarbazole)
atactic
Bzn. (partially)
Methanol
tactic
Chloroform (partially), cone, or
moderately cone, sulfuric acid
Poly(morpholinocarbonylethylene),
DMF
Poly(/V-acryloylmorpholine)
Poly(piperidinocarbonylethylene),
DMF
Poly(acryloylpiperidide)
90
91
4,5,13
92
5
5
5
1.4. POLY(VINYL ETHERS)

General
Unsubstituted
Poly(methoxyethylene), Poly(methyl vinyl ether)
amorphous
crystalline
Poly(ethoxyethylene), Poly(ethyl vinyl ether),
Poly(propoxyethylene), crystalline
Poly(propyl vinyl ether)
Poly(isopropoxyethylene), crystalline,
Poly(butoxyethylene), Poly (butyl vinyl ether)
Poly(isobutoxyethylene),
Poly(isobutyl vinyl ether)
amorphous
crystalline
Poly(terf-butoxyethylene), Poly(ferf-butyl vinyl ether)

amorphous
crystalline
Poiy(neopentyloxyethylene), Poly(neopentyl
vinyl ether), crystalline
Poly(cyclohexyloxyethylene), Poly(cyclohexyl
vinyl ether)
Poly(benzyloxyethylene), Poly(benzyl vinyl ether)
atactic
Bzn., rc-butanol, cyclohexanone,

halogenated hydrocarbons, MEK
Heptane
See General, acetone, ethanol,

ethyl acetate, methylene chloride,
THF, W (cold)
Diethyl ether, ethylene glycol, 4,5,13,30,93-95

hexane, W (hot)
Acetone, methanol, W
95,96
See Poly(methoxyethylene)
Acetone, heptane
95
See Poly(propoxyethylene)
See General, bis(2-ethoxy ethyl) ether, Ethanol, 2-ethoxyethanol
cyclohexane, diethyl ether, n-heptane
See General, aliphatic alcohols C>2,
bis(2-ethoxyethyl) ether, carbon
disulfide, cyclohexane, diethyl
ether, ^-heptane, isopropyl acetate,
MEK, methylene chloride
Chloroform above 500C
Ethanol 2-ethoxyethanol,
methanol
Heptane, bis(2-ethoxyethyl) ether,

bzn. (sw at 200C), chloroform
(sw at 200C), isopropanol (hot),
MEK
Acetone, MEK
4,13,30,
93,98,99
95
95,98
95,98
95
Bzn., heptane
Bzn., heptane
Methylene chloride
Acetone, bzn., toluene
95,97
100
Ethanol, methanol, W
101
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Substituted
Poly(carbomethoxymethoxyethylene)
Poly[2-(methoxyethoxy)ethylene], crystalline
Poly[2-(chloroethoxy)ethylene], crystalline
Poly(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxyethylene), crystalline
Poly(methyl vinyl ether-a/Mnethyl
tricyanoethylenecarboxylate)
Poly(phenyl vinyl ether-a/f-2-phenyl1,1-dicyanoethylene)
Solvents
Chloroform, methylene chloride

W
Bzn., dioxane, heptane
DMA, DMF, nitromethane
Acetone, carbon tetrachloride,
chloroform, DMF, DMSO, THF
Nonsol vents
Diethyl ether
Diethyl ether
Acetone
Refs.
Diethyl ether
102
95
95
95
103
Hexane methanol
104
1.5. POLY(VINYL ALCOHOLS), POLY(ACETALS), POLY(VINYL KETONES)

Poly(vinyl alcohol)
atactic
syndiotactic
12% acetyl
35% acetyl
Poly(vinyl alcohol-co-ethylene) (1:1)
Poly(vinyl alcohol-a?-rnaleic anhydride) (1:1)
Poly(allyl alcohol)
lower mol. wt.
high mol. wt. (DP > 350)
Poly(vinyl formal)
Poly(vinyl acetal)
high degree of acetalization

Poly(vinyl butyral)
acetalization 70%
acetalization 77%
acetalization 83%
Poly(vinyl alcohol-covinyl pentanal)
Poly(2-vinyl-4,7-dihydro-1,3-dioxepine),
Poly(vinyl cyclohexanone ketal),
Acetamide, DMF, DMSO (hot),

formamide, glycerol (hot),
glycols (hot), HMTP, piperazine,
triethylenediamine, W
Carboxylic acids, chlorinated

hydrocarbons, esters,
hydrocarbons, ketones, lower
alcohols, cone. aqu. salt
solutions, THF
1,3-Propandiol above 1600C, W above

1600C
W (cold)
Carboxylic acids, esters, halogenated
hydrocarbons, hydrocarbons, ketones,
W (hot)
Alcohols, aqu. sol. of tetraalkylW
ammonium bromide and iodide
DMF (hot), DMSO (hot)
Methylene chloride, THF
Acetone
Cresol, dioxane, glycerol, methanol,
pyridine, THF
Mixtures of cone, hydrochloric acid
and dioxane, methanol, THF
Acetic acid, benzyl alcohol,
bzn./alcohol (70/30), carbon
tetrachloride/alcohol (70/30),
2-chloroethanol, chloroform,
cyclohexanone, dichloroethylene/
diacetone alcohol (50/50), dioxane,
DMF, furfurol, THF, toluene
Acetone, benzyl acetate, bzn./ethanol
(1/1), bzn., butanol, carbon
tetrachloride, 2-chloroethanol,
chloroform, chloroform/methanol
(9/1), cyclohexanone, dioxane,
ethanol, ethyl acetate, ethylene
glycol, THF
Acetic acid (glacial), dioxane, ethanol,
ethylene dichloride, methanol,
nitromethane, pyridine
4-6,13,
30,105
106
4
38
107
108
13
Most organic solvents, W

Acetone (sw), aliphatic hydrocarbons,
aromatic hydrocarbons (sw),
dilute acids, dioxane, esters, ethanol,
methanol, pyridine (sw), W
DiI. acids, aliphatic hydrocarbons,

diethyl ether (sw), pyridine (sw), W
Acetone, bzn.
13
4,6,30
6,30
Alcohols, cyclohexanone, ethyl glycol

acetate, ethyl lactate
Acetone, alcohols, cyclohexanone,
lower esters, methylene chloride
Alcohols, lower esters,
ketones, methylene chloride
Bzn., chloroform
Acetone, 2-buten-1,2-diol
Aliphatic ketones, hydrocarbons,

methylene chloride, most esters, W
Higher esters, hydrocarbons, methyl
isobutyl ketone
Higher esters, hydrocarbons, methanol
109
109
Methanol
W
110
111
Butanol, chloroform, cyclohexanone,

ethanol, ethylene glycol, ethylene
chloride, THF
Aliphatic hydrocarbons, carbon

tetrachloride (sw), diethyl ether (sw)
109
30
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Poly(vinyl methyl ketone)
Poly(methyl isopropenyl ketone)
Solvents
Nonsolvents
Acetic acid, acetone, chloroform,

dioxane, DMF, ethyl acetate,
pyridine, THF
Acetone, dioxane, esters
Alcohol, carbon tetrachloride,

diethyl ether, petroleum ether, W
Alcohol, petroleum ether, W
Refs.
4,6,13
6,13
1.6. POLY(VINYL HALIDES)

high mol. wt.
Acetone/carbon disulflde,
chlorobenzene, cyclohexanone,
cyclopentanone, DMF, DMSO,
MEK, nitrobenzene, THF
lower mol. wt.
chlorinated, 63% Cl
Poly(vinyl bromide)
Poly (vinyl fluoride)
chlorinated, 30% Cl
chlorinated, 60% Cl
Poly(vinylidene
,
fluoride)
PoIy(1,2-difluoroethylene)
PoIy(I-chloro-1-fluoroethylene)
Poly(3,3,3-trifluoropropylene)
Poly(hexafluoropropylene)
Poly(3,3,4,4,5,5,5-heptafluoro-l-pentene)
Poly(vinylidene chloride cyanide-a/M,3-cyclohexadiene)
Poly(cnlorotrifluoroethyIene-c0-vinylidene fluoride)
(3:1)
Poly(tetrafluoroethylene-o?-hexafluoropropylene) (4:1)
Poly[tetrafluoroethylene-o>-4,5-difluoro-2,2bis(trifluoromethyl)-l,3-dioxole] (13: 87 and 35:65)
Acetic anhydride (sw),

4-7,13,
acetone (sw), nonoxidizing acids,
30,112
alcohols, cone, alkalies, aniline (sw),
carbon disulflde, carboxylic acids,
esters, hydrocarbons, nitroparaffins
(sw), vinyl chloride
Acetone/carbon disulflde, cyclohexanone,
4-6,13,30
1,2-dichlorobenzene, diisopropyl ketone,
dioxane, DMF, ethylene chloride,
HMPT, isophorone, mesityl oxide,
nitrobenzene, perchloroethylene/acetone,
toluene, tricresyl phosphate
Acetone, aromatic hydrocarbons,
Aliphatic and cycloaliphatic
6
butyl acetate, chlorobenzene,
hydrocarbons, carbon tetrachloride,
chloroform, cyclohexanone, dioxane,
methyl acetate, nitromethane,
DMF, DMSO, nitrobenzene, THF
organic and inorganic acids
Benzonitrile, butyl acetate,
Cone, and moderately cone, acids
4,6,30,
cyclohexanone, 1,2-dichlorobenzene,
and alkalies (except ammonia),
113,114
dioxane, DMA, DMF, NMP,
alcohols, carbon disulflde,
tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, tetralin
chloroform, cyclohexanone
(hot), THF (hot), trichloroethane
(cold, sw), dioxane (cold, sw),
ethyl bromide, hydrocarbons,
phenols, THF (cold, sw)
Cyclohexanone, THF
DMF, ethanol, HMPT,
5
hydrocarbons, methanol
Cyclohexanone (hot), dinitrile,
Aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, and
115
DMA (hot), DMF, DMSO (hot)
aromatic hydrocarbons
DMF
115
115
y-Butyrolactone, cyclohexanone,
Acetone, alcohols, aliphatic and
116-119
DMA, DMF, DMSO, ethylene
cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons,
carbonate, NMP
chlorinated solvents, methyl
isobutyl ketone
Acetone, DMF, methyl isobutyl ketone Ethanol, hydrocarbons, methanol
118
Toluene
120
2,5-Dinitrotrifluorobenzene (1300C),
Common organic solvents at RT
4,5,13,
bzn. (2000C), carbon tetrachloride
121,674
(114C), cyclohexane (235C),
1,2-dichlorotrifluorobenzene, HMPT,
mesitylene (14O0C), toluene (142C),
1,1,1-trichloroethane (1200C),
1,2,3-trifluoropentachloropentane
Perfluorokerosene (3500C), no other
4,13,122,123
solvent known
Acetone, hexafluorobenzene
Ethanol, hydrocarbons, methanol
124
Hexafluorobenzene,
125
perfluorodibutylamine,
perfluorodibutyl ether
Perfluorohexane
126
Chloroform
Pentane
128
MEK
Amyl acetate
129
Carbon dioxide (>200C)
Hexafluorobenzene, perfluorooctane
130
131
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
1.7.
Solvents
Nonsolvents
Refs.
POLY(VINYL NITRILES)
Polyacrylonitrile
ultrahigh MW
Poly(2-fluoroacrylonitrile)
Poly(acrylonitrile-a?-vinyl acetate) (98:2)
Poly(acrylonitrile-a//-1,3-isoprene)
Poly(vinylidine fluoride-co-ethyl vinyl ether) (1:1)
Poly(acrylonitrile-a?-butadiene) (2:3 to 1:4)
Polymethacrylonitrile
Acetic anhydride, y-butyrolactone,

e-caprolactam, bis(2-cyanoethyl)ether,
bis(4-cyanobutyl)sulfone,
chloroacetonitrile/water,
chloroacetonitrile, cyanoacetic acid,
dimethyl phosphite, dimethyl
sulfone, dioxanone, DMA, DMF,
DMSO, ethylene carbonate,
A^formylhexamethyleneimine,
2-hydroxyethyl methyl sulfone,
Af-methyl-p-cyanoethylformamide,
methylene dithiocyanate,
Af-methyl-a,a,a,~trifluoroacetamide,
l-methyl-2-pyridone,
3-,4-nitrophenol, nitromethane/W
(94:6), Af-nitrosopiperidine,
2-oxazolidone,
1,3,3,5-tetracyanopentane,
tetramethylene sulfoxide,
l,i,l-trichloro-3-nitro-2-propane,
sulfuric acid, nitric acid, p-phenol
sulfonic acid, cone. aqu. sodium
thiocyanate, molten quat.
ammonium salts and their
aqu. solutions
DMF (10O0C)
DMF
DMF
1,2-Dichloroethane
THF
MEK, THF (partially), toluene
Acetic anhydride, acetone,
benzonitrile, cyanoacetic acid,
cyclohexanone, dinitriles,
DMF (>20C), DMSO, ethylene
carbonate, furfural, HMPT,
methylene chloride, nitromethane,
pyridine
Acetonitrile (sw),
5,6,13,132,
acrylonitrile, alcohols, aliphatic
133,675
nitro compounds, bis(2-hydroxyethyl)
sulfoxide, chlorinated hydrocarbons,
3,4-dimethyl sulfolane, diethyl ether,
diethyl sulfone (sw), diethyl sulfoxide,
diethylformamide, dimethylmalomtrile,
dimethyloxamide,
1,1 -dimethylsuccinonitrile, ethylene
urea, formamide, hexamethylene
dithiocyanate, 1,6-hexanediamine,
hydrocarbons, 1-hydroxypropionitrile,
ketones, methanol, methoxyacetamide,
methoxyacetonitrile, methyl thiocyanate,
1-nitrophenol, propyl formate
THF
Methanol
Aliphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols,
esters, methacrylonitrile, toluene
134
135
136
137
135
32
4,5
1.8. POLY(VINYL ESTERS)

Poly(vinyl acetate)
atactic
syndiotactic
Poly(vinyl trifluoroacetate)
Poly(vinyl propionate)
Poly(vinyl n-butyrate)
Poly(vinyl isobutyrate)
Poly(vinyl caproate)
Acetic acid, acetone, acetonitrile, allyl DiL acids, dil. alkalies, carbon
4,5,13
alcohol, benzyl alcohol, bzn., carbon
tetrachloride (sw), carbon disulfide,
tetrachloride/ethanol, chlorobenzene,
cyclohexanol, diethyl ether (anhydrous,
chloroform, dichloroethylene/ethanol
alcohol free), higher esters C>5,
(20/80), 2,4-dimethyl-3-pentanol,
ethanol (anhydrous, sw), ethylene
dioxane, DMF, DMSO, lower
glycol, saturated hydrocarbons,
aliphatic esters, ethanol/W, glycol
mesitylene, W (sw)
ether esters, glycol ethers, methanol,
nitromethane, tetrahydrofurfuryl
alcohol, THF, toluene
Chlorobenzene, chloroform
Acetone, bzn.
106
Acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate,
138
hexamethyldisiloxane
See Poly(vinyl acetate)
See Poly(vinyl acetate), amyl alcohol,
31
cyclohexane, hexyl acetate
See Poly(vinyl acetate), amyl alcohol,
31
cyclohexane, hexyl acetate
Acetone, butanone, bzn., ethyl
Hexane, methanol, W
139
acetate, toluene
Bzn.
5
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Poly(vinyl caprylate)
Poly(vinyl laurate)
Poly(vinyl benzoate),
Poly(vinyl chloroacetate)
Poly(vinyl acetylacetate)
Pory(vinyl-A'-octadecylcarbamate)
Poly(vtnyl acetate-fl/f-N-alkyl/arylmaleimide)
1.9.
Solvents
Nonsol vents
Acetone, aliphatic and aromatic

hydrocarbons
Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons
See Poly(vinyl acetate)
Chlorobenzene, chloroform,
cyclohexanone, dioxane,
ethyl acetate, pyridine
Acetic acid, acetone, chloroform,
dioxane, DMF, ethyl acetate,
pyridine, THF, saturated aqu.
sol. of magnesium perchlorate
Toluene (hot)
Bzn., chloroform
Lower alcohols
Bzn., carbon disulfide, lower

chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons,
chloroform, cyclohexane
(above 35C), cyclohexanone,
cyclohexane/acetone,
decahydronaphthalene/diethyl
oxalate, dimethyl phthalate,
dioxane, ethyl acetate, ethylbenzene,
glycol formal, MEK, methylene
chloride, NMP, 1-nitropropane,
phenol/acetone, phosphorus
trichloride, THF, tributyl phosphate
Bzn., chloroform, o-dichlorobenzene,
toluene
n-Tetradecane/dec any dronaph thai ene
(2/1)
THF
See Polystyrene
MEK, THF, toluene
Bzn., THF, toluene
Acetone, acetonitrile, DMF, DMSO,
nitromethane
Bzn., THF
Bzn., dioxane, THF
Ethyl acetate/ethanol (15/1) toluene
THF
Methanol and higher alcohols,
methyl acetate, THF,
THF/chloroform (1/1)
MEK, toluene
Bzn., toluene, chloroform
Chloroform
Acetone, bzn., chlorohexane, DMF,
methylene chloride
THF
Acetic acid, acetone, alcohols,

diethyl ether, diols, ethylene
chlorohydrin, glycol ethers,
saturated hydrocarbons, isobutyl
phthalate, phenol, 1,2,3,
4-tetrafluorobenzene (lower than
100C), tri(chloroethyl) phosphate,
tricresyl phosphate
Refs.
4
Lower alcohols, acetone
4
5,87
4
Acetone (sw), saturated hydrocarbons
Alcohols, bzn., diethyl ether, W
140
Petroleum ether
327
142
POLY(STYRENES)
Poly(styrene)
atactic
isotactic
syndiotactic
Poly(a-methylstyrene),
Poly(2-,3-, or 4-chlorostyrene)
Poly(chloromethylstyrene)
Poly(4-cyanostyrene)
Poly(2 ,3-, or 4-bromostyrene)
Poly(4-iodostyrene)
Poly(2,4,6-tribromostyrene)
Poly(4-hydroxystyrene), Poly(/?-hydroxyphenylethylene)
Poly(2,5-dimethoxystyrene)
Poly(3,4-dimethoxystyrene)
Poly(ter/-butyl-4-vinyl perbenzoate)
Poly(4-formylphenyl)ethylene, Poly(/>formylstyrene)
Poly(styrenesulfonic acid)
Poly(styrene-co-styrenesulfomc acid) (95:5)
sodium salt
Poly(4-trimethylsilylethynylenestyrene)
Poly(styrene-c0-allyl alcohol) (94:6)
Poly(styrene-c<?-acrylonitrile) (3 : 2)
Poly(styrene-ctf-tert-butoxycarbonyloxystyrene) (4:5)
Poly(styrene-o?-butyl methacrylate) (1:1)
Poly(styrene-<:<//-2,4-diamino-6-vinyl-l,3,5-tnazine)
4,5,7,
13,30,143
7
144
Mechanol
144
Bzn., carbon tetrachloride, ethyl acetate,

diethyl ether, hexane, methanol
32
32
146
5,32
5,32
5
32
147,148
Chloroform, toluene
Hexane
5
149
150
141
Hexane, methanol, W
151
Hexane, methanol
Ethanol, lower glycols, W

DMF, methylene chloride, THF
Lower glycols, W
THF
Alcohols, aromatic hydrocarbons,
esters, THF
Chloroform, MEK, methylene chloride, Methanol
THF
THF, pyridine
Methanol, W
MEK, toluene
DMSO, hexafiuoroisopropanol
32
152
153
154
32
7,32,155
156
32
157
TABLE 1.
cont'd
Polymer
Poly(styrene-C0-maleic anhydride)
(9:1)
(1:1)
Poly(styrene-a/Mnaleimide)
Poly(styrene-cc?-4-thiomethylstyrene) (95:5)
Poly(styrene-c0-4-vinylpyridine) (1:1)
Solvents
Cyclohexane/ethyl acetate (3/2)

Acetone, acetonitrile, MEK
THF
THF
DMF, THF
Nonsol vents
Methanol
Ethanol, hexane
Refs.
65
32,158
157
159
32
1.10. OTHER COMPOUNDS

(alphabetically ordered)
Polyacrolein, (redox polymerization)
Polyacrolein (ionic polymerization), See 3.1.1

Poly(anthrylethylene)
Poly(7V-benztriazolylethylene)
Poly(biphenylyethylene)
Poly(7V-carbazolyethylene), Poly(/V-vinylcarbazole)
Poly[6-(/V-carbazolyl)hexylethylene]
Poly(diallyldimethylsilane)
Poly(3,6-dichloro-Af-carbazolylethylene)
Poly(2,4-dimethyl-6-triazinylethylene)
Poly(diphenylphosphinylideneethylene),
Poly(vinyldiphenylphosphine oxide)
Poly(diphenylthiophosphinylideneethylene), Poly
(vinyldiphenylphosphine sulfide)
Poly(2-methyl-5-pyridylethylene)
Poly(3-morpholinylethylene)
PoIy(I-nitropropylene)
Poly(2-pyridylethylene), Poly(2-vmylpyridine)
crystalline
Poly(4-pyridylethylene), Poly(4-vinylpyridine)
Poly(/V-pyrrolidonylethylene), Poly(Af-vinylpyrrolidone)
Above 60 0 C: pyridine/water
(55/45 to 90/10), above 1300C:
nitrobenzene, sat. stannous chloride
solution, y-butyrolactone
(160-170 0 C), ethylene carbonate
(130-135 0 C), DMF(153C),
DMSO (160-170 0 C), divinyl
sulfone(150-155C), TMS
(160-165 0 C)
Lower alcohols, hydrocarbons,

chlorinated hydrocarbons, diethyl
ether, esters, aromatic ketones
Methylene chloride
cyclohexanol, DMF, glacial
acetic acid
Bzn., dimethoxyethane, toluene
Benzyl acetate, bzn., chlorobenzene,
cone, nitric acid, cone, sulfuric acid,
tetrachloroethane
Methanol
Alcohols, esters, hydrocarbons,
ketones, W
Acetone, methanol (partially),

NMP (123C)
Bzn.
Dichloroethane
Alcohols, bzn., esters, ketones,
W (cold)
Bzn., ethanol, methanol, toluene
Bzn., chloroform
Methanol
Acetals, alcohols, dil. alkalies,
dil. carboxylic acids, chlorohydrin,
1-chlorotoluene (sw), diethyl ether,
dimethyltetrahydrofuran, diols,
aliphatic esters, glycol monoethers,
aliphatic ketones, saturated
hydrocarbons, trichloroethylene
(sw), W
Methanol
Methanol
Aliphatic hydrocarbons, W (ppt.
below 73C)
Hexane, W
Methanol
Methanol, DMF
W
DMF (partially)
Acetone, alcohols/water, bzn.,
Carbon tetrachloride toluene,
chloroform, dioxane, ethanol,
W (sw)
glacial acetic acid, aqu. mineral
acids, nitroethane, pyridine, THF
Aromatic hydrocarbons (reflux),
Aliphatic hydrocarbons (reflux),
chlorinated solvents, methanol
diethyl ether, MEK
Acetone/W (1/1), benzyl alcohol,
Acetone, diethyl ether, dioxane,
bzn., cyclohexanol, dioxane/W
ethyl acetate, MEK, petroleum
(1/1), ethanol/water (92/8),
ether, W
isopropanol/MEK (86/14),
methanol, aqu. mineral acids,
nitromethane, pyridine, THF
(solubility depending on small
Acetic esters, acetone, acid
amounts of W): acetone, dil. acids,
esters, carbon tetrachloride,
aromatic alcohols, chloroacetic acid
1-chlorotoluene, diethyl ether,
esters, chloroform, chlorohydrins,
hydrocarbons, methoxybutyrate
ethanol, glacial acetic acid,
esters, nitomethane/W
methanol, nitromethane, pyridine
160,161
15
162
163
4,6,13,
30,164
165,166
167
168
169
170,171
171
5
172
173
4,13,35,
174,175
5,13,175
4-6,13,30
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Solvents
PoIy(N-I,2,4-triazolylethylene)
Glacial acetic acid, DMF, DMSO, W
PolyyV-vinylthiopyrrolidone)
Poly(5-vinyl-l,3-benzodioxole)
Poly(2-vinylthiophene)
Poly(vinyl sulfate)
Poly(vinylsulfofluoride)
Poly(vinylsulfonic acid)
sodium salt
Poly(vinyl sulfoxide)
Poly(vinyl 4-methoxyphenyl sulfoxide)
Poly(/V-vinylpyrrolidone-a>acrylic acid) (3 : 1 to 1: 3)
DMF
Chloroform
Chloroform
Aqu. NaCl (0.5 M), W
Acetone, DMF, ethyl acetate, THF
Acetone, dioxane, ethanol, W
Methanol, W, aqu. NaCl (0.5M)
Chloroform, DMSO, methanol, W
THF
Acetone/W (1/1), isopropanol/W (1/1),
NMP
Butanol, DMSO, ethylene glycol,
formamide, methanol, W
DMSO, ethylene glycol (partially),
formamide, W
Saturated hydrocarbons
Bzn., dioxane, THF
Ethanol, isopropanol
Ethanol
Isopropanol, W
DMF, DMSO (partially), NMP
Poly(vinyl amine), Poly(aminoethylene)

Poly(vinylformamide)
Poly(/V-vinylpyrrolidone-co-i-hexadecene) (1 :2)
Poly(vinylnaphthalene)
Poly(Af-vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) (1 :4 to 3 :2)
PoIy(ZV-vinylpyrrolidone-co vinyl alcohol) (13: 1)
PoIy(N-vinylpyrrolidone-covinyl acetate) (1:1)
Poly(A^vinylformamide-o?-methyl 3-phenyl2-cyanopropenoate) (1:1)
Poly(2-vinylpyridine-costyrene) (7:3)
Poly(4-vinylpyridine-cfl-styrene) (3:2)
TABLE 2.
Alcohols, chlorinated hydrocarbons,

esters, hydrocarbons ketone
Butanol, hydrocarbons, MEK, W
Methanol
Diethyl ether
Esters, hydrocarbons, ketones
Acetone, methanol
Acetone, bzn.
Diethyl ether
Methanol, MEK, THF
Refs.
162
176
150
177
5
13
4,13,179
13,179
180,181
182
183
179,184,185
Acetone, isopropanol
/7-Propanol, W
Diethyl ether
Chloroform, diethyl ether, ethyl
acetate, methylene chloride
Bzn., chloroform, MEK, THF

DMF, THF
179,185
186
32
186
187
32,681
697
32
32
Polymer
2.1.
Nonsol vents
Solvents
Nonsolvents
Refs.
POLY(PHENYLENES)
Poly(2-hydroxy-l,4-phenylene)
Poly(dihydroxyl-1,4-phenylene), Polyhydroquinone
Methylene chloride
DMF (partially)
Poly(2.5-dw7-butoxy-l,4-phenylene)
1,2-Dichloroethane, methylene
chloride, nitrobenzene
Toluene
Acetic acid, chloroform, DMF, ethanol
Toluene
Poly(2,5-di-rc-decyl-l,4-phenylene)
Poly(A^,A^-dimethy!aniline)
Poly(2,l': 4 ' , 1 " : 4",1 "'-quaterphenylene-1,4), Poly
[2-(phenyl-1,4-phenylene-1,4-phenylene)1,4-phenylene]
Poly(2-benzoyl-l,4-phenylene), Poly(2,5-benzophenone)
Poly(nitrophenylene)
Poly[2-(4-methylbenzoyl)-l ,4-phenylene]
Poly(2,5-dihydroxy-l,4-phenylenethenylene)
PoIy(1,4-benzophenone-/V-phenyloxime)
Poly(2,5-dimethoxy-l,4-phenylenethenylene)
Poly(2,5-dimethyl-l,4-phenylenethenylene)
low mol. wt.
Poly(2,5-dimethyl-l,4-phenylenemethylene)
low mol. wt.
PoIy(1,4-phenyleneethenylene), Poly(phenylenevinylene)
Poly( 1,4-phenylene-1,2-diphenylethenylene)
PoIy[1,4-phenyleneethenylene-1,4-phenyleneethynylene2,5-(dodecyloxy)-1,4-phenyleneethynylene]
Poly[3-nitro-l,4-phenyleneethenylene-2-(dihexylamino)1,4-phenyleneethenylene]
m-Cresol, DMA, methylene chloride,

NMP
Acetone, chloroform, ethanol
188
181
Methanol
189
Acetone
Aqu. sodium hydroxide
Methanol
190
191
192
Methanol
193,194
All common organic compounds

DMA
Common organic solvents, aqu.
potassium hydroxide
DMA, NMP
Bromoform
Common organic solvents
Chloroform, 1,2-and
1,4-dichlorobenzene
Chloroform, 1,2- and
1,4-dichlorobenzene (hot)
Biphenyl, benzyl benzoate, chlorinated
biphenyls, diphenyl ether, nitrobenzene
Chloroform
Methanol
Chloroform, THE toluene
Chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, THF
195
196
197
194
197,198
199
199
197,200
201
202
203
TABLE 2. cont'd
Polymer
Poly(tetramethyl-l,4-phenylenethenylene)
Poly(5--dodecyloxy-l,4-phenylene)
Poly(2,5-di-n-decyloxy-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(2,5-di-n-decyloxy-4,4/-biphenylylene)
Poly[2-bis(methoxycarbonyl)-1,4-phenylenethenylene]
Poly[l,4-phenylene-l,2-di(4-phenoxyphenyl)ethenylene]
Poly [2-(2-phenylethenyl)~ 1,4-phenyleneethenylene]
Poly(6-rc-hexyl-l,4-naphthalenediylethenylene)
Poly(2,6-naphthalenediylethenylene)
Solvents
Nonsolvents
Refs.
Bzn., 1-chloronaphthalene (sw), ethanol

DMA, DMF
THF
THF
Methylene chloride
Chlorobenzene, chloroform, toluene
DMF
Chloroform
Tetrachloroethylene (partially)
Methanol
Methanol
Methanol
Methanol
197
204
205
205
206
207
208
209
210

Poly[//-(3-bromophenyl)norbornenedicarboximide]
PoIy(1,3-cyclohexadiene)
Poly( 1,3-cyclohexy leneethenylene)
PoIy(1,5-cyclooctadiene)
Poly(cyclopentadiene), T V ^ - T \ \
Bzn., carbon tetrachloride,

chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane
(>30C), THF, toluene
1,2-Dichloroethane, methylene chloride
Bzn., xylene
Bzn.
Aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated
hydrocarbons, diethyl ether
(partially) methanol (oligomers)
Bzn., chloroform, dioxane, THF
Poly( 1,3-cyclophenylenemethylene)
Poly(erafo-dicyclopentadiene)
Poly(2,3-dimethoxycarbonyl-2,5-cyclohexadien1,4-diylethenylene), Poly(dimethyl barrelene2,3-carboxylate)
Poly(l,2-dihydronaphthalene)
Toluene (hot)
Bzn., carbon disulfide, chlorobenzene
Bzn.
Poly(dimethylfulvene)
Acetone, bzn., chlorinated

hydrocarbons, diethyl ether, hexane
Aromatic chlorinated hydrocarbons,
diethyl ether, dioxane, drying oils,
ketones, pyridine
Bzn., carbon disulfide, chloroform,
THF
Acetone, acetonitrile, bzn.,
chloroform, DMF, DMSO, THF
Poly(indene)
PoIy(I-isopropylidene3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydroindene)
Poly[l,4-phenylene-l,2-dicyanol,2-bis(propoxycarbonyl)ethenylene]
Bis(phenoxyphenyl) ether
(above 2900C)
Acetone, acids, alcohols,

dimethoxyethane, ethers
4,32,211
Methanol
Methanol
Methanol
Methanol
212
213
214
215
Ether, hexane, methanol, petrol
216
Acetone, hexane, methanol

Methanol
217,218
219
206
Amyl acetate, chloronaphthalene,

diphenyl ether, tetrachloroethane,
tetrahydronaphthalene
Alcohol
220
Acids, aliphatic hydrocarbons (sw),

alkalies, lower alcohols, W
221
Acetone, cyclohexane, ethanol, hexane
222
Diethyl ether, hexane, methanol
164
TABLE 3. MAIN-CHAIN CARBONYL POLYMERS

Polymer
Poly(carbonylethylene)
Poly(carbonyl-l,2-propylene)
Poly(carbonylethylene-cc>-carbonyH,2-propylene) (7:3)
Poly(carbonyl-l-furfuryltrimethylene)
Poly(carbonylphenylethylene), Poly(carbon monoxideco-styrene)
Poly(carbonyl-1-phenyltrimethylene)
Poly(carbonyl-l,4-cyclohexan-3-onediyl)
Poly(carbonyl-l,4-cyclohexan-3-onediylmethylene)
Poly[carbonyl-2,3-di(ethoxycarbonyl)bicyclo[2.2.2]
hepta-2,5-diene-5,6-diyl]
Poly(carbonyl-4,4/-biphenylylene)
Poly(carbonyl-l,4-phenyleneoxy-l,4-phenylene)
Solvents
ra-Cresol
Cresol, hexafluoropropylene,
methylene chloride
Acetone, dioxane
Chlorobenzene, hexafluoroisopropanol,
MEK (hot), methylene chloride
Chloroform
Chloroform
Chloroform
Acetone, common organic solvents
Chloroform, DMA,
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane
Nonsolvents
Methanol
Chloroform, ethanol, W
Methanol
Refs.
328
329
330,331
332
333-335
Alkyl hydrocarbons
336
337
338
339
DMA, NMP
MEK, methanol, toluene
194
340
Methanol
TABLE 3. cont'd
Polymer
Solvents
Poly(carbonyl-1,3-pheny leneoxy-1,4-phenylene)
Poly [carbonyl-l,4-phenyleneoxy-2-(methoxy methylene)1,4-phenyleneoxy-1,4-phenylenej
Poly(carbonyl-l,3-phenylenecarbonyl-l,4-phenyleneoxy1,4-phenylene), PEKK
Poly(carbonyl-1,4-phenytenecarbony 1-1,4-phenyleneoxy1,4-phenylene), PEKK
Poly(carbonyl-1,3-phenylenecarbonyt-1,4-phenyleneoxy1,3-phenylenemethylene-1,3-phenyleneoxy-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(carbonyl-l,4-phenylenecarbonyl-l,4-phenyleneoxy1,4-phenylene-2-pentylidene-1,4-phenyleneoxy1,4-phenylene)
Poly(carbonyl-1,4-phenyleneoxy-1,4-phenyIeneoxy1,3-pyridinediyloxy -1,4-phenyleneoxy-1,4-phenylene)
Poly (carbony 1-1,4-phenyleneoxy-4,4'-biphenylyleneoxy1,4-phenylene-c<?-carbonyl-1,4-phenyleneoxy1,4-phenyleneoxy-1,4-phenylene) (1:1 to 1:3)
Poly(carbonyl-l,3-phenylenecarbonyl-l,4-phenyleneoxy1,3-pheny lenemethylene-1,3-phenyleneoxy1,4-phenylene)
TABLE 4.
Nonsolvents
Refs.
<?-Chlorophenol
Chloroform, THF
341
342
Pentafluorophenol (80)
343,344
Pentafluorophenol
344
DMA, DMF, NMP
345
DMA
Methanol
346
DMA
347
Sulfuric acid, 0.1 wt.%
348
DMA, DMSO, NMP
345
MAIN-CHAIN ACYCLIC HETEROATOM POLYMERS
Polymer
Solvents
Nonsolvents
Refs.
4.1. MAIN-CHAIN - C - O - C - POLYMERS

4.1.1. POLY(OXIDES)
Unsubstituted
Poly(oxymethylene), Poly formaldehyde
Poly(oxyethylene), Polyethylene glycol),

Poly(oxyethylidene), Polyacetaldehyde
amorphous
crystalline
Poly(oxypropylene), PoIy(1,2-propylene
glycol), Poly(propylene oxide), crystalline
Poly(oxypropylidene), crystalline
Poly(oxyisopropylidene), Polyacetone
PoIy(1,3-dioxolane)
Poly(oxytetramethylene), Poly(tetrahydrofuran)
Poly(oxycyclopentenylene)
Poly(oxycyclohexenylene)
Poly(oxymethylenecyclopropylidenemethyleneoxyhexamethylene)
Poly(oxy- 1,3-phenylene)
At elevated temp.: aniline, benzyl

Lower alcohols, diethyl ether,
4,224,225
alcohol, benzyl benzoate,
lower esters, hydrocarbons
bromobenzene, y-butyrolactone,
chlorophenols, diphenyl ether,
DMF, ethylene carbonate, formamide,
malodinitrile, phenol
Acetonitrile, alcohols, bzn.,
Aliphatic hydrocarbons, ethers, dioxane 4,5,13
chloroform, cyclohexanone, esters,
(sw), W (hot)
DMF, W (cold), aqu. K 2 SO 4
(0.45 M above 35C), aqu.
Mg2SO4 (0.39 x M above 45C)
Alcohols, aromatic hydrocarbons,
chloroform, esters, ketones
Chloroform (partially)
Acetone, bzn., chloroform, dioxane,
DMF, ethanol, methanol (hot), THF
Acetone, chloroform
Methylene chloride, W (700C)
Bzn., chloroform, ethanol, THF
Bzn., carbon disulfide, chloroform
Aliphatic hydrocarbons, Chinese
wood oil, methyl acetate, toluene
Methylene chloride
Benzophenone, bzn., diphenyl ether.
DMF, DMSO, nitrobenzene,
3-pentanol, pyridine
226
Alcohols, esters, hydrocarbons, ketones

2-Aminoethanol, diethyl ether (sw),
ethyl acetate (sw)
226
13
Hexane, methanol, petroleum

ether, W
Methanol
Acetone, ethanol, 2-ethoxyethanol
227
228
229
230-233
677
13
Hexanes
234
Methanol
235
TABLE 4. cont'd
Polymer
Solvents
Substituted
Polyepichlorohydrin, Poly(oxy-3-chloro-l,2-propylene)
Poly(oxy-2-chloroethylidene)
amorphous
crystalline
Poly(oxy-2-methyltetramethylene)
Poly(oxy-2,2,2-trichloroethylidene), crystalline
Polychloral
Poly[oxy-2,2-bis(chloromethyl)trimethylene,
Poly (oxy-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene),
Poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide)
amorphous
crystalline
Poly(oxy-2,6-dichloro-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(oxy-l,4-phenylene-l,2-cyclopropylene1,4-pheny leneoxymethylene)
Poly(oxy-4,4/-biphenylylene-l,2-propylene1,4-phenyleneoxydodecamethylene)
PoIy(I-propynylene-l,3-diyloxy-l, 4-phenyleneisopropylidene-1,4-phenyleneoxy2-propynylene 1,3-diyl)
Poly[oxyethylene-co-oxy(chlorornethyl)ethylene] (1:1)
Poly[oxy-3,5-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)-l,4-phenylene-a?oxy-3,5-bis(phenyl)-l,4-phenylene] (13: 87 to 62:38)
Poly(oxy-l,4-phenyleneisopropylidine-l,4-phenyleneoxya/f-2-hydroxy-l,3-propylene), Poly(Bisphenol A),
epoxy resin
Polymeric structures, not 100% specific
Poly(dimethylketene), -f OC-)-
Nonsolvents
Refs.
32,94,236,237
32,94,
236,237
Acetone, bzn., chloroform, diethyl

ether, MEK, THF, toluene
Methanol
Chloroform
Cyclohexanone
Methanol
Methanol
Chloroform, methanol,
other common solvents
Methanol
a-Pinene (hot)
Bzn., chlorobenzene, chloroform,
toluene
2-Methoxymethanol
Chloroform, DMA, NMP
a-Pinene (cold), methanol, ethanol

Ethanol, methanol, nitromethane,
oc-pinene (hot)
Methanol
Methanol
Bzn., Cloroform
238
238
239
227
237,240
241 - 244
241-244
241-244
688
245
Chloroform
246
Toluene
247
Chloroform
DMF, DMSO
Methanol
Chloroform, toluene
Esters, ethers, ketones
237
248
249
C(CH3)2
low mol. wt.
higher mol. wt.
Polyacrolein, (ionic polymerization) -f OCH+-
Diethyl ether
Bzn., carbon tetrachloride
Acetone, bzn., dioxane, THF, DMF
Methanol
Methanol, petroleum ether
Aniline, y-butyrolactone, DMF,

nitrobenzene, pyridine
Alcohols, hydrocarbons
250,251
250, 251
252
CH=CH2
Polyacrolein, (redox polymerization) see 1.10
Poly(a-methylacrolein)
13
Poly[l,2-di(epoxyethyl)benzene],
Chloroform, THF
Poly(phenyl glycidyl ether)
1,2-Dichlorobenzene (hot),
DMF (hot), xylene (hot)
Common organic solvents at rt
Bzn., chloroform, diethyl ether, THF
Petroleum ether, W
Methylene chloride, THF, pyridine
Bzn., (partially)
Chloroform, diethyl ether, dioxane,

THF
Bzn., chloroform, diethyl ether,
THF, dioxane
Bzn., chloroform, hexane
Petroleum ether, W
133,197,
255,256
133,197,
255,256
255
Petroleum ether, W
255
Methanol
257
Poly(glutardialdehyde)
low mol. wt.
high mol. wt.
Poly(p-methylglutardialdehyde), low mol. wt.
Poly(p-phenylglutardialdehyde), low mol. wt.
VoXy {trans-1,2-cyclohexanedicarb-
253
254
oxaldehyde),
Poly(2-formyl- A 5-dihydropyran)
Aromatic hydrocarbons, chloroform,

pyridine, THF
258
TABLE 4. cont'd
Polymer
Solvents
Nonsolvents
Refs.
4.1.2. POLY(CARBONATES)
Poly(oxycarbonyloxypropylene)
Poly(oxycarbonyloxyhexamethylene)
Poly(oxycarbonyloxy-2,4-dihydroxy-l,4-butylene)
Poly(oxycarbonyloxy-l,4-butyleneoxycarbonyloxy1,4-cyclohexylene)
Poly(oxycarbonyloxymethylene-l,2-cylcohex4-enylenemethylene)
Poly(oxycarbonyloxy-1,4-phenyleneisopropylidene-l,4-phenylene),
Poly(Bisphenol A carbonate)
chlorinated (8% Cl and more)
Poly(oxycarbonyloxy-1,4-phenylene2-pentylidene-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(carbon dioxide-co-propylene oxide) (1:1)
Polypropylene carbonate-co-propylene oxide) (9:1)
Poly(oxycarbonyloxy-l,2-cyclohexyleneoxy1,2-cylclohexylene)
Dioxane, methylene chloride

Acetone, bzn., chloroform, toluene
Methylene chloride
Chloroform, THF
Methanol, W
Ethanol, ether
Ethanol
678
13
260
261
Chloroform
Chloroform, ra-cresol, cyclohexanone,

dioxane, DMF, pyridine, THF
262
Acetone, carbon tetrachloride,
lower esters, hydrocarbons,
styrene
Bzn., methyl methacrylate, styrene

Bzn., chloroform, ethyl acetate
THF
Chlorobenzene
13
13
13,263-265
265
13
Methanol
Methanol
266
267
268
4.1.3. POLY(ESTERS)
Polyethylene terephthalate),
see Poly(oxyterephthaloyloxyethylene)
Poly(oxyadipoyloxyethylene, Poly(ethylene adipate)
Poly(oxyadipoyloxy-1,4-phenylene-1,2-propenylene1,4-phenylene)
Poly(oxyadipoyloxytetramethylene),
PoIy(1,4-butylene adipate)
Poly(oxyadipoyloxytrimethylene),
Poly(l,3-propylene adipate)
Poly(oxyazelaoyloxyethlylene),
Poly(ethylene azelate)
Poly(oxycarbonyl-4,4'-biphenylylenecarbonyloxyhexamethylene)
Poly(oxycarbonyl-1,4-cyclohexylenecarbonyloxyoctamethylene), cis and trans
Poly(oxycarbonyldodecamethylenecarbonyloxy4,4 '-biphenylylene)
Poly(oxycarbonylethylene),
Poly((3-propiolactone)
Poly(oxycarbonyiethyleneoxyethylene)
Poly(oxycarbonylethylidene),
Poly(DL-lactic acid)
Poly (oxycarbonylethynylene-1,4-phenyleneethynylenecarbonyltetramethylene)
Poly(oxycarbonyl-2,6-naphthalenediylcarbonyloxybutylene, Poly(butylene 2,6-naphthalate)
Poly(oxycarbonyl-2,6-naphthalenediylcarbonyloxyethylene, Poly(ethylene 2,6-napthalenedicarboxylate)
Poly(oxycarbonyl-2,6-naphthalenediyl-c6>-oxycarbonyl1,4-phenylene) (1:3)
Poly(oxycarbonyloctadecamethylenecarbonyloxyethylene)
Poly(oxycarbonylpentamethylene), Poly(e-caprolactone),
Poly(oxyhexanoyl)
Poly(oxycarbonylpentamethylene-co-oxycarbonyl3-hydroxypentamethylene) (9:1 to 1:9),
Poly(5-hydroxyvaleric acid-co-4-hydroxyvaleric acid)
Poly(oxycarbonyl-1,4-phenylene),
Poly(4-hydroxybenzoic acid)
Poly(oxycarbonyl-1,4-phenyleneoxyhexamethyleneoxy1,4-phenylene)
Bzn., THF
Chloroform
Chloroform, DMF, THF
32
269
Methanol
32,270
Chloroform, MEK, THF
32
Bzn., THF
32
Pentafluorophenol/methylene chloride
(3/1), THF
Chloroform
271,272
5
Phenol/tetrachloroethane (3/2)
273
Chloroform, formic acid
Hydrocarbons
274,275
THF, toluene
Acetone, chloroform, toluene
Ethanol
278
276,277
DMA
Methanol
Methylene chloride
Chloroform THF
279
280,281
282
Pentafiuorophenol/hexafluoroisopropanol
Toluene
Chloroform, methylene chloride,
THF, toluene
Methylene chloride
283
No known solvent
Phenol//?-chlorophenol/
trichloroethylene (25/40/35)
Methanol
Hexane, methanol
Methanol (cold)
284
285-287
288
32
289
TABLE 4. cont'd
Polymer
Poly(oxycarbonyl-1,4-phenyleneoxyterephthaloyloxytetramethylene) (7 : 3 to 2:3), Poly(butylene
terephthalate-co-4-hydroxybenzoic acid)
Poly(oxycarbonyl-2-phenyl-l,3-propylene)
Poly(oxycarbonylpolyethylenecarbonylpolyethylene)
Poly(oxycarbonyl-l,2-propylene),
Poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid)
Poly(oxycarbonyl-l,3-propylene), Poly(y-butyrolactone),
Poly(oxycarbonyl-1,2-propylene-cooxyethylenecarbonyloxyethylene) (9:1 to 1:9)
Poly(oxycarbonyltetradecamethylene)
Poly(oxycarbonyltrimethyleneoxyethylene-co-methyl
vinyl ether) (1:2 to 4: 1)
Poly(oxycarbonyl-l-vinylethylene),
Poly(p-vinyl-P-propiolactone)
Poly(oxy-a,a-dibutylsebacoyloxyhexamethylene)
Poly(oxydodecanedioyloxy-l,4-phenylene2-methylethenylene-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(oxyfumaroyloxyhexamethylene)
Poly(oxyfumaroyloxytetramethylene)
Poly(oxyglutaroyloxyhexamethylene)
Poly(oxyglutaroyloxypropylene),
Poly(l,3-propylene glutarate)
Poly(oxyisophthyloyloxy-4,4'-biphenylylene)
Poly(oxyisophthaloyloxy-1,4-phenylene),
Poly(phenylene isophthalate)
Poly(oxyisophthaloyloxy-1,4-phenylenefluorenylidene-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(oxyisophthaloyloxy-l,l,3-trimethylindan
-3,5-diyl-l,4-phenylene)
Poly(oxymaleoyloxyhexamethylene), Poly(hexamethylene malonate)
Poly(oxymaleoyloxytetramethylene), Poly(butylene
malonate)
Poly(oxyoxalyloxyethylene), Poly(ethylene oxalate)
Poly(oxyoxalyloxyhexamethylene),
Poly(hexamethylene oxalate)
Poly(oxy-1-oxo-3-methyltrimethlylene-cc?-oxy3-ethyltrimethylene) (9:1),
Poly(3-hydroxybutryic acid-cc-3-hydroxyvaleric
acid)
Poly(oxy-l-oxo-3-methyltrimethylene-co-oxy1-oxotrimethylene) (1:0 to 3 :1),
Pory(3-hydroxybutyric
acid-co-3-hydroxypropionic acid)
Poly(oxy-1-OXO-1,2-propylene), Poly(lactic acid)
Poly (oxy- 1-oxo-1,2-propylene-co-oxycarbonylmethylene),
Poly (lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (1:1 to 1:3)
Poly(oxysuccinoyloxy-2,2-dimethyl-l,3-propylene)
Poly(oxysuccinoyloxydoeicosan-10,12-diyne-l,22-diyl)
Poly(oxysebacoyloxyhexamethylene), Poly(hexamethylene sebacate)
Poly(oxysebacoyloxyhexadecamethylene)
Poly(oxysuccinoyloxyhexamethylene), Poly(hexamethylene succinate)
Poly(oxysuccinoyloxymethylene-l,4-cyclohexylenemethylene)
Poly(oxysuccinoyloxynonamethylenebutadyne1,3-diylnonamethylene)
Solvents
Nonsolvents
/?-Chlorophenol/tetrachloroethane,
Chloroform
Cyclohexane
Chloroform
Refs.
291
Hexane
290
292
7
Carbon tetrachloride, chloroform,

dichloroethylene, trifluoroethanol
Chloroform
Diethyl ether/hexane (1 :3)
295
Chloroform
Bzn.
Diethyl ether
296
297
Butyrolactone, chlorinated
hydrocarbons, DMF
Bzn.
Chloroform
293,294
298
Hexane, W
Chloroform
Chloroform, NMP
Methanol, W
Bzn., chlorobenzene, chloroform, THF
Chloroform, MEK, THF, toluene
See poly(oxyisophthaloyloxy-1,4-phenylene)
At elevated temp.: benzophenone,
halogenated biphenyls, halogenated
diphenyl oxides, halogenated
naphthalenes, m-terphenyl,
2,4,6-trichlorophenol
Dichloroethane
Methanol, W
Chloroform, DMF, m-cresol, NMP,
nitrobenzene, pyridine, THF
Bzn., chloroform, THF
DMSO, hexane, methanol
Chloroform, NMP, THF
Methanol
Chlorobenzene, chloroform, dioxane,

nitromethane, toluene
Chloroform
302
303
304
300
Bzn., Chlorobenzene, chloroform, THF

301
Bzn., methanol, toluene, THF
301,305
306
Hexane, methanol
Acetone, chloroform, dioxane,

DMF, methylene chloride, pyridine
Chloroform
Ethanol, hexane, methanol
307
276,277,308,690
309

Chloroform, THF
Bzn., chlorobenzene, chloroform, THF
Chloroform, THF
5
300
301
32
Chloroform
Chloroform
Bzn., chlorobenzene, chloroform,
nitromethane, THF
Bzn., chloroform, THF (hot)
5
299
32
310
5,301
Methanol
5
5,301,305
32
310
TABLE 4. cont'd
Polymer
Poly(oxysuccinoyloxytetramethylene),
Poly(tetramethylene succinate)
Poly(oxysuccinoyloxytrimethylene),
Poly( 1,3-propylene succinate)
Poly[oxyterephthaloyloxy-l,4-(2-rc-alkyl)phenylene]
Poly(oxyterephthaloyloxytetramethylene),
Poly(butylene terephthalate)
Poly[oxyterephthaloyloxybutyIene-C(?-oxycarbony2,6-naphthanenediylcarbonylpoly(oxyethylene)] (1:1)
Poly(oxyterephthaloyloxyethylene), crystalline,
Polyethylene terephthalate),
Poly(oxyterephthaloyloxyethylene-a?-oxyhexanoyl)
(1:1), Poly(ethylene terephthalate-coe-caprolactone)
Poly(oxyterephthaloyloxyethylene-c<9-oxycarbonylnaphthalene-2,6-diylcarbonyloxyethylene)
( < 4 : 1, > 4 : 1)
Poly(oxyterephthaloyloxy- 1,4-phenylenecarbonyloxy
tetraethylene) ( 2 : 1 : 1 )
Poly(oxyundecanoyl)
Solvents
Chloroform, toluene
Nonsolvents
Refs.
Diethyl ether
311
Chloroform, MEK, THF, toluene

/?-Chlorophenol, methylene chloride
Phenol/tetrachloroethane
32
Acetone, ethanol, hexane
312
313
m-Cresol
314
Chloral hydrate, chlorophenol,

Aliphatic alcohols, carboxylic
DMSO (hot), halogenated aliphatic
esters, chlorinated hydrocarbons,
carboxylic acids, anhydrous
ethers, hydrocarbons, ketones
hydrogen fluoride, nitrobenzene,
phenol/2,4,6-trichlorophenol (10/7),
phenol, phenol/tetrachloroethane ( l / l )
Chloroform
Methanol
4,5,315,
316
317
Phenol/tetrachloroethane (3/2)
318
p-Chlorophenol/tetrachloroethane,
Bzn., chloroform
291
5
4.1.4. POLY(ANHYDRIDES)
Poly(oxysebacoyl)
Poly(oxyterephthaloyl)
Chloroform
DMF
276
319,320
4.1.5. POLY(URETHANES)
Poly(urethanes) (general)
Poly(oxy-l,4-butyleneoxycarbonylimino1,4-phenylenemethylene-1,4-phenyleneiminocarbonyl),
Poly(butanediol-#/f-diphenyl methane-1,4-diisocyanate)
Poly(oxy-l,4-cyclohexyleneoxycarbonylimino1,4-phenylenemethylene-1,4-phenyleneiminocarbonyl)
Poly(oxyethyleneoxycarbonyliminoethylene~
iminocarbonyl)
Poly(oxyethyleneoxycarbonyliminohexamethyleneiminocarbonyl)
Poly(oxyethyleneoxycarbonylimino~
1,3-phenyleneiminocarbonyl)
Poly(oxytrimethyleneiminocarbonyl)
4.2.
Phenol, m-cresol, formic acid,

sulfuric acid
DMA
Alcohols, diethyl ether, saturated

hydrocarbons
Dioxane (hot), DMF, THF
322
Chloroform, formic acid, methylene

chloride
Diethyl ether
323
ra-Cresol
DMF
m-Cresol (hot), DMSO, sulfuric acid
4
321
cyclohexanone (sw), DMF (sw), xylene
DMSO
324
325
326
MAIN-CHAIN - O - HETEROATOM POLYMERS
4.2.1. POLY(SULFONATES)
Poiy(aryl sulfonates)
DMF
Methanol
349
DMA, DMF, NMP
Chloroform, methanol, methyl

ethyl ketone, tetrahydrofuran
676
TABLE 4. cont'd
Polymer
Solvents
Nonsolvents
Refs.
4.2.2. POLY(SILOXANES)
(ordered according to increasing complexity)
Poly(siloxanes) (general)
fluids and greases
Aromatic and chlorinated

hydrocarbons, esters
Moderately cone, acids and alkalies,

6
lower alcohols, W
rubbers
Aromatic and chlorinated hydrocarbons
6
(sw), esters (sw)
Poly(oxydimethylsilylene), Poly(dimethylsiloxane)
Amyl acetate, chlorobenzene,
Acetone, acetonitrile, acetophenone,
4,5
chloroform, cyclohexyl acetate,
aniline, benzyl alcohol, benzyl acetate,
dichlorobenzene, 1,2-dimethoxybromobenzene, y-butyrolactone,
ethane, ethyl bromide,
Carbitol ~, cyclohexanone, cyclohexanol,
ethyl acetate, ofluorotoluene,
1,4-dibromobutane, 1,2-dichloroethane,
hydrocarbons, hydrogenated xylene,
di(chloroethyl) ether, dichlorobenzene,
isopropyl acetate, MEK (above 200C), dimethylnaphthalene, dioxane,
octylamine, phenetol
diphenyl oxide, ethyl formate, ethyl
(above 13C), trichloroethylene
benzoate, 2-isopropoxyethanol, mesityl
oxide, methanol, nitrobenzene,
1 -nitropropane
Poly(oxydiethylsilylene), Poly(diethylsiloxane)
Toluene
W
32
Poly(oxyhydrophenylsilylene)
THF
351
Poly(oxymethylphenylsilylene), Poly(methylphenylsiloxane) Acetone (hot), butanol, chloroform,
Ethanol, ethylene glycol, methanol
352
diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, toluene
Poly(oxymethylhexadecylsilylene)
W
32
Poly(oxyalkylmethylsilylene)-co-4-(4-cyanobenzoyl)phenoxy DMF, toluene
Hexane, methanol
353
Poly(oxydiphenylsilylene), Poly(diphenylsiloxane)
Acetone (hot)
Acetone (cold)
352
Poly[oxybis(3,4-dichlorophenyl)silylene]
Acetone, bzn.
354
Poly(oxydimethylsilyleneethyleneoxydimethylsilylene)
Toluene
355
Poly(oxydimethylsilyleneoxydimethylsilyleneTHF
356
1,4-phenylenedimethylsilylene)
Poly [oxymethy 1(5-f-butoxycarbonyloxy-2-norbornyl)silylene] Chloroform, toluene
Methanol
357,358
Poly(oxydimethylsilylene-c<?-oxyalkylmethylsilylene),
Aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic
Ethanol, W
359
Poly(dimethylsiloxane-co-alkylmethylsiloxane)
hydrocarbons, isopropanol
Poly(oxydimethylsirylene-a?-oxycarbonylBzn., carbon tetrachloride,
360
l,4-phenyleneisopropylidene-l,4~phenylene) (1:3 to 1:1)
chloroform, methylene chloride,
pyridine, THF
4.3. MAIN-CHAIN - C - S - C - AND -C-S-N-POLYMERS
4.3.1.POLY(SULFIDES)
Poly(2,5-dioxopyrrolidine-1,3-diylthio-1,4-phenylene)
Tricresol
Methanol
Poly(dithioethyleneoxyethylene)
1,1,2-Trichloroethane (partially),
other chlorinated hydrocarbons
(partially)
liquid polymers
Poly(tetrathioethylene)
Bzn., ethylene dichloride

No solvent known
Poly(tetrathioethyleneoxyethylene)
1,1,2-Trichloroethane (partially),
other chlorinated hydrocarbons
(partially)
Bzn., ethylene dichloride
Biphenyl, dichlorobiphenyl,
dimethyl-/?-terphenyl
Chloroform/methanol
DiI. acids, alcohols, dil. alkalies,

6,178
bzn. (sw), carbon disulfide,
carbon tetrachloride (sw), gasoline (sw),
turpentine (sw)
6,178
DiI. acids, alcohols, dil. alkalies,
6,178
bzn. (sw), carbon tetrachloride,
carbon disulfide, gasoline
Dil. acids, alcohols, dil. alkalies,
6,178
bzn. (sw), carbon tetrachloride,
carbon disulfide, gasoline
6,178
362
liquid polymers
Poly(thio-4,4-biphenylylene)
Poly(thiodifluoromethylene)
Poly(thio-2,5-dimethyl-l,4-phenylene)
Poly(thiomethylene-l,4-frafls-cyclohexylenemethylenethiomethylene)
Poly(thio-1,4-phenylene), Poly(phenylene sulfide)
Cone, nitric acid (reflux), aqu.

sodium hydroxide (10%, reflux)
Hexane, methylene chloride

Bzn., chloroform
Methanol, W
Biphenyl,
ra-dichlorobenzene,
dichlorobiphenyl, dimethyl/7-terphenyl, hexachlorobiphenyl
At reflux temp.: 2,4-lutidine,

phenyl sulfide, phenyl oxide,
pyridine, toluene
361
363
364
365
362,366,
367
TABLE 4.
cont'd
Polymer
Solvents
Poly (thio-l,4-p.henylenecarbony 1-1,4-phenyleneisopropylidene-1,4-phenylenecarbonyl-1,4-phenylene)

Poly(thio-l,4-phenyleneiminocarbonyl-l,4-phenyleneoxy
carbonylethylene)
Poly(thio-l,4-phenyleneoxymethyleneoxy-l,4-phenylene)
Poly(thio-1,4-phenyleneoxy-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(thiotetramethyl-1,4-phenylene)
O
C
^ ~\T^)C
Nonsolvents
Refs.
Chloroform, NMP
Methanol
368
Chloroform, NMP
Hexane, methanol
369
Chloroform, methyiene chloride

Hexane, methyiene chloride
Durene
Methanol
364
364
364
O
S
^V"
CNH
lf':\~NH^
DMA DMF NMP
'
'
Methanol
370
4.3.2. POLY(SULFONES)
(ordered according to increasing complexity)
Poly(ethylene-a?-sulfur dioxide)
Poly(propylene-o?-sulfur dioxide)
PoIy(I -butene-co-sulfur dioxide)
No solvent known
Cone, nitric acid, cone, sulfuric acid
Acetone, cyclohexanone
Poly(butylethylene-cosulfur dioxide)
PoIy(1,3-hexadiene-o?-sulfur dioxide) (1 : <3)
Poly(dimethylbutadiene-cc>-sulfur dioxide)
PoIy(I-pentyne-co-sulfur dioxide)
PoIy(I -hexyne-co-sulfur dioxide)
PoIy(I-heptyne-co-sulfur dioxide)
Poly[4-(terf-butoxycarbonyloxy)styrene-co-sulfur dioxide]
(5:1)
PoIy(1,4-phenyleneoxymethyleneoxy1,4-phenylenesulfonyl)
PoIy(1,4-phenylenesulfonyl)
Poly(oxy-l,4-phenylenesulfony 1-1,4-phenylene)
Bzn., chloroform, dioxane

Acetone, chloroform, DMA, DMF, THF
Cone, nitric acid, cone, sulfuric acid
Dioxane
Acetone, dioxane
Acetone, dioxane
Toluene
7
371
13
13
13
13
372
Chloroform
364
Poly (thio-1,4-phenylenesulfonyl-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(carbonyl-l,3-phenylenemethylene1,4-phenylenesulfonyl-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(thio-1,4-phenylenesulfonyl-1,4-phenylenethio1,4-phenyleneisopropylidine-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(3-amino-l,4-phenylenesulfonyl-2-amino1,4-phenyleneoxy-1,4-phenyleneisopropylidene1,4-phenylene)
Poly(2,5-thiophenediylsulfonyM ,4-phenyleneoxy1,4-phenyleneisopropylidene-1,4-phenyleneoxy)
PoIy(1,4-phenylenesulfony 1-1,4-phenyleneoxy4,4'-biphenylyleneoxy)
PoIy(1,4-phenylenesulfonyl-1,4-phenyleneoxy1,4-phenylenecarbonyl-1,4-phenyleneoxy1,4-phenyleneoxy)
PoIy(1,4-phenylenesulfonyl-1,4-phenyleneoxy1,3-phenyleneethenylene -1,3-phenyleneoxy)
PoIy(1,4-phenylenesulfonyM,4-phenyleneoxy1,4-phenylenevinylidene-1,4-phenylene)
Poly (1,4-phenylenesulfonyl-1,4-phenyleneoxy1,4-phenyleneoxy-1,3-pyridinediyloxy-1,4-phenyleneoxy)
PoIy(1,4-phenylenesulfonyl-1,4-phenyleneoxy1,4-phenylenemethylphosphineoxide-1,4-phenyleneoxy)
Poly(l,3,4,6-tetraoxyperhydrocyclopentene-(l,2-c: 3,4-c')dipropyl-2,5-diylethylenesulfonylethylene)
Aniline, DMA, pyridine

Aniline, aromatic amines, DMF,
DMSO, methyiene chloride,
NMP, pyridine
DMF, DMSO, NMP
No known solvent

Paraffins, cycloparaffins,
Methanol
Alcohols, halogenated
hydrocarbons, hydrocarbons,
silicone oil
Acetone, DMF, THF, toluene
DMA/toluene
13,178
13,178
13
373
32,373-375
376
377
378
THF
Ethanol/W (1:1)
379
DMA, methyiene chloride, THF
Methanol, W
380
Aniline, DMA, pyridine

Chloroform, sulfolane
373
Methanol
381
DMA
382
Chloroform, DMA
181
DMA
347
DMA
Methanol/W
383
Dichlorobenzene
Isopropanol, methanol
384
DMF, DMSO, formic acid, NMP,

sulfuric acid
Hexane
385
TABLE 4.
cont'd
Polymer
Solvents
Nonsolvents
Refs.
4.3.3. OTHERS
Poly(trimethylenesulfite)
Methylene chloride
386
4.4. MAIN-CHAIN - C - N - C - POLYMERS

4.4.1. POLY(AMIDES)
Poly(amides) 1
Poly(N-ethyliminocarbonyl), Poly (ethyl isocyanate)
Poly(N-butyliminocarbonyl) Poly(butyl isocyanate)
Poly(A/r-n-hexyliminocarbonyl), Poly(n-hexyl isocyanate)
Poly(N-m-tolyliminocarbonyl)
Poly(A/'-vinyliminocarbonyl)
Poly (amide) 1,5
Poly(iminoglutaroyliminomethylene)
Poly(amide) 1,6
Poly(iminoadipoyliminomethylene), Poly(methylene
adipamide)
Poly(amide) 1,12
Poly(iminododecanoyliminomethylene)
Poly(amides) 2
Poly(7-benzyl glutamamide)
Poly(lysine-co-lactic acid) (1:19)
Poly(amides) 3
Poly[imino-(l-oxo-2,2-dimethyl-3-phenyltrimethylene)],
Poly(3,3-dimethyl-4-phenylazetidine-2-one)
Poly[imino-(l-oxo-3-methyltrimethylene)], Poly
(4-methylazetidine-2-one)
optical activity < 75%
optical activity > 80%
Poly[imino-(l-oxotrirnethylene)]
Poly(aspartic acid-co-lactic acid) (1:9)

Poly(amides) 4
Poly[imino-(l-oxotetramethylene)], Polypyrrolidone
Poly(iminooxalyliminotetramethylene)
Poly(imino-l-carboxy-l,3-propylenecarbonyl), Poly
(y-glutamic acid)
Poly(amide) 4,6
Poly(iminoadipoyliminotetramethylene),
Poly(butylene adipamide)
Poly(amides) 5,5
Poly(iminoglutaroyliminopentamethylene), Poly
(1,5-pentamethylene glutaramide)
Poly (amide) 5,6
Poly(iminoadipoyliminopentamethylene), Poly
(pentamethylene adipamide)
Poly(amides) 6
Poly[imino-(l-oxohexamethylene)], Poly
(e-caprolactam)
chlorinated
Sulfuric acid, trifluoroacetic acid

Bzn., carbon tetrachloride, THF
Bzn., chloroform, DMF
DMF
DMA, DMF, DMSO, pyridine
Methanol
Alcohols, carbon disulfide,
chloroform, dioxane
1,4-Butanediol, dichloroacetic acid
387
387,388
389-391
387
392
393,394
1,4-Butanediol
394
2-Methyl-2,4-pentanediol
394
m-Cresol, DMF
Chloroform
Methanol
Phenol, sulfuric acid, trifluoroethanol
Chloroform, HMPT, methanol, sol.

OfCa(CNS)2 in methanol
Formic acid, phenol, sulfuric acid,

sol. of Ca(SCN) 2 in methanol
Chlorobenzene/trichloroacetic acid
(1/1), dichloroacetic acid, formic
acid/trichloroacetic acid (3/7)
Aqu. chloral hydrate, aqu. sol. of
CaBr2 or FeCU, chloroacetic acid,
cyanoacetic acid, formic acid,
glycerol (hot), nitric acid,
nitrophenols, phenol (hot),
sulfuric acid, W>140C
Methylene chloride
Chloroform, HMPT* methanol,

trifluoroethanol
Formic acid, sulfuric acid
395,396
397
399
399,691
a-Pyrrolidone (hot), acetic acid (hot),

aqu. sol. of Ca(CNS)2, benzyl
alcohol (hot), 0-chlorophenol,
m-cresol, dichloroacetic acid,
formic acid, methanol, sulfuric acid
Dichloroacetic acid, sulfuric acid,
trifluoroacetamide
W
Most organic solvents, dilute

bases and acids, DMF, DMSO,
phenol (cold)
691
13,400,401
402
DMF, formamide, W
403, 404
Formic acid, phenol, W
405
Ethanol
406
407
Dichloroacetic acid
408
Dichloroacetic acid, trifluoroethanol
Methanol
409,410
Acetic acid, chlorophenol, m-cresol,

ethylene carbonate, formic acid,
HMPT, phosphoric acid, sulfuric
acid, trichloroacetic acid
o-Chlorophenol, DMSO, sulfuric acid
Alcohols, chloroform, esters,

ethers, hydrocarbons, ketones
4,5
Formic acid
411
TABLE 4. cont'd
Polymer
Poly[imino-(l-oxohexamethylene)], partially
N-trifluoroacetic acid substituted
Poly[imino-( l-oxohexamethylene)-cY;-imino(1-oxyundecamethylene)] (1:1)
Poly[imino-(l-oxohexamethylene)-o?-iminosuccinoyl],
(9 : 1 to 2: 8)
Poly(amide) 6,6
Poly(iminoadipoyliminohexamethylene),
Poly(hexamethylene adipamide)]
Poly(amide) 6,9
Poly(iminoazelaoyliminohexamethylene)
Poly(amide) 7
Poly[imino-(1 -oxohepamethylene)-o?-imino(1-oxodedecamethylene)], (1 : 1)
Poly(amide) 8,6
Poly(iminoadipoyliminooctamethylene)
Poly (amide) 10,6
Poly(iminoadipoyliminodecarnethylene), Poly(decamethylene adipamide)
Poly(amide) 11
Poly[imino-(l-oxoundecamethylene)], PoIy(I I-aminoundecanoic acid)
Poly(amide) 12
Poly[imino-(l-oxododecamethylene)], PoIy(12-aminododecanoic acid)
Poly(amide) 12/2
Poly(iminocarbonylmethyleneiminocarbonylundecamethylene)
Poly(amide) 12,6
Poly(iminoadipoylirmnododecamethylene)
Poly (amide) 18
Poly[amino-(l-oxooctadecamethylene)], Poly
(18-aminostearic acid)
Other aliphatic poly (amides)
Poly(iminotartronoyliminohexamethylene)
Aromatic poly(amides)
Poly(imino~l,4-phenylenecarbonyl-cc>-oxy-l,4-phenylenecarbonyl) (1 : 1 to 1 :9),
Poly(/?-aminobenzoic acid-co-p-hydroxybenzoic acid)
Poly(iminocarbonyl-l,4-phenyleneoxyterephthaloyloxy1,4-phenylenecarbonylimino-1,4-phenylenehexafluoroisopropylidene-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(iminocarbonylpyridine-2,6-diyl-carbonylimino1,4-phenyleneoxy-l ,4-phenylene)
Poly(iminoterephthaloyliminoethylene), Poly(ethylene
terephthalamide)
Poly(A^methyliminoterephthaloyl-/V-methyliminoethylene)
Poly(/V-methyliminoterephthaloyl-
Solvents
Acetone, chloroform, THF
Nonsolvents
Hexane, W
Refs.
412
2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol/methylene
chloride (3/2)
Mesitylene/sulfolane
413
414
it: Chloral hydrate, chloroacetic

Aliphatic alcohols, chloroform,
acids, formic acid, HCl, HF, liquid
diethyl ether, hydrocarbons,
sulfur dioxide, methanol, phenols,
aliphatic ketones, aliphatic esters
phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid,
trichloroethanol, trifluoroethanol,
saturated solutions of: alcohol-soluble
salts, e.g. calcium chloride,
magnesium chloride in methanol,
at 120-1800C: acetic acid,
/V-acetylmorpholine, benzyl alcohol,
2-butene-l,4-diol,
1,3-chloropropanol, di(ethylene
glycol), DMSO, ethylene
chlorohydrin, formamide
13
m-Cresol
32
2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol/methylene
chloride (3/2)
413
415
1,4-Butanediol, hot
Chlorobenzene, diethyl succinate (790C)
Higher primary alcohols, DMF, DMSO,

hexafluoropropanol
13,692
Cresol
DMSO
416
Diethyl ether
398
Cresol
416
DMF, DMSO, pyridine
Hexane, methanol, W
417
Chloroacetic acid, DMSO
Acetone, hexane, methanol, W
418
Cone, sulfuric acid (decomp.)
Insoluble in all common solvents
419
NMP
693
NMP, sulfuric acid
Methanol
420
Sulfuric acid
Acetone, chloroform, m-cresol,

DMF, ethanolAV (4/1), formamide,
Ethanol/W (4/1)
421
421
Acetone, DMF
421
Acetone, chloroform, m-cresol,

DMF, formamide, sulfuric acid,
Chloroform, m-cresol (hot),
TABLE 4. cont'd
Polymer
Mmethyliminotetramethylene)
Poly(immoisophthaloylimino-1,3-phenylene), N-methyl
substituted
Poly(iminoisophthaloyHmino-l,4-phenyleneoxy1,4-phenylene)
Poly(iminoisophthaloylimino-2,4-pentylene)
Poly(iminoisophthaioylimino-4,4'-biphenylylene)
Poly (iminoisophthaloylimino-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(iminoterephthaloylirninoethylene oxyisophthaloyloxyethylene)
Poly(iminoterephthaloyliminotetramethylene)
Poly(butylene terephthalamide)
Poly(iminoterephthaloylimino-2,4-pentylene)
Poly(iminoterephthaloylimino-1,4-phenylene), Poly
(p-phenylene tetrephthalamide)
Poly(iminocarbonyl-l-methyl-4,5-imidazolediylcarbonyliminoethylene)
Poly(iminocarbonyl-l,4-phenyleneiminocarbonylpentamethylene)
Poly(iminoterephthaloylimino-3-methyl1,4-phenyleneoxyethyleneoxy-2-methyl-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(iminocarbonyl-l,4-phenylenehexafluoroisopropylidene-1,4-phenylenecarbonylimino1,4-phenyleneoxy-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(iminocarbonyl-l,4-phenyleneoxyterephthaloyloxy1,4-phenylenecarbonylimino-1,4-phenylenehexafluoroisopropylidene-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(imino-3-alkylisophthaloylimino-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(iminotetra(octylthio)terephthaloylimino1,4-phenylene)
Poly(pyromellitic dianhydride-co-aromatic diamines),
Poly(amic acids)
Solvents
Nonsolvents
Refs.
ethanol/W (4/1) (hot),

formamide, sulfuric acid
DMSO, sulfuric acid
Hexane, W
422
NMP, sulfuric acid
Methanol
420
DMF, DMSO, methanol,

Hexane, methanol
trifluoroacetic acid, trifluoroethanol
Cone, sulfuric acid
ra-Cresol
(hot), DMA (sw), DMF (sw),
DMSO (sw), formic acid (85%) (sw),
glacial acetic acid (sw), methanol,
NMP (sw)
HMPT
DMSO, NMP, trifluoroacetic acid
Methanol, DMF
DMF, formamide, sulfuric acid,
LiCl, sulfuric acid, trifluoroacetic acid
DMF/LiCl, NMP
Acetone, chloroform, m-cresol

DMF, DMSO, trifluoroethanol, W
423
424
425
426
421
423
427,428
Chloroform, DMF, methylene

chloride, NMP
Ethyl acetate
429
Tetrachloroethane
431
DMA
430
Methanol
NMP
NMP
Methylene chloride/methanesulfonic
acid
DMF, DMA, DMSO, tetramethylurea
432
693
Chlorobenzene, chloroform, dioxane,

THF, trifluoroacetic acid
433
434
435
Sulfur and phosphorus containing poly(amides)

Poly(iminoadipoyliminotrimethylene-1,4-phenylenephosphinidene-l,4-phenylenetrimethylene)
Aqu. hydrochloric acid (5%), cresol,

DMF, ethanol, formic acid
Poly(iminoethyleneiminocarbonyl- 1,4-phenylenesulfonyl-1,4-phenylenecarbonyl)
Formic acid, tetrachloroethane/phenol

(2/3), 1,1,2-trichloroethane/formic
acid (3/2)
Cresol, DMF, ethanol,
C-7 fluoroalcohol, formic acid
Poly(iminohexamethyleneiminocarbonylethylene1,4-phenylenephosphinylidene1,4-phenyleneethylenecarbonyl)
Poly(iminohexamethyleneiminocarbonylethylenethioethylenecarbonyl)
Poly(iminoisophthaloylimino-l,3-phenylenesulfonyl-1,3-phenylene)
Poly (iminoterephmaloylimino-1,3-phenylenesulfonyl-1,3-phenylene)
Poly(iminoterephthaloylimino-1,4-phenylenesulfonyl-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(iminoterephthaloyliminotrimethylene1,4-phenylenephosphinidene1,4-phenylenetrimethylene
Acetone, acetonitrile, chiorobenzene,

chloroform, C-7 fluoroalcohol,
hexane (sw), W
2-Chloroethanol, m-cresol, DMF
436
437
DMA, DMF, NMP
Acetone, acetonitrile, aqu. hydrochloric

acid (5%, sw), chlorobenzene,
chloroform (sw), HX, W (sw)
Acetone, acetonitrile, aqu. hydrochloric
436
acid (5%), chlorobenzene, chloroform,
ethanol, C-7 fluoroalcohol (sw), hexane, W
438
DMA, DMF
NMP
438
Sol. of LiCl in DMF (5%)
DMF, NMP
438
Cresol, DMF, formic acid,

hydrochloric acid (5% sw)
Acetone, acetonitrile, chlorobenzene,

chloroform, ethanol (sw), hexane, W
436
Chloroform, odichlorobenzene,
nitrobenzene, THF
Acetone, hexane, methanol
439
Cresol, DMF, formic acid
4.4.2. POLY(HYDRAZIDES)
Poly[diazo-l,4-phenylenecarbonyltri(oxyethylene)oxycarbonyl-1,4-phenylene]
TABLE 4. cont'd
Polymer
Poly(hydrazoadipoylhydrazoisophthaloyl)
Poly(hydrazoadipoylhydrazosuccinoyl)
Poly(hydrazoisophthaloylhydrazoterephthaloyl)
Poly(4,4'-benzaldehydeazineoxy-l,4-phenyleneisopropylidene-1,4-phenyleneoxy)
Solvents
Nonsol vents
DMSO, HMPT
m-Cresol, dichloroacetic acid
(degrad.), DMA, DMSO (cold),
formic acid (degrad.), NMP,
sulfuric acid (degrad.),
trifluoroacetic acid (degrad.),
trifluoropropanol
Toluene
DMSO (sw)
Chloroform, nitrobenzene,
trichloroethane (sw),
trifluoropropanol, W
Methanol
Refs.
440
440
441
442
4.4.3. POLY(UREAS)
Poly(ureas) (general)
Poly(iminocarbonylirninononamethylene), Poly(ureylenenonamethylene)
Poly(iminocarbonylimino-l,3-phenyleneiminocarbonylirnino-2-methyl-5-sulfo-1,3-phenylene),
Poly(ureylene-1,3-phenyleneureylene-2-methyl5-sulfo-1,3-phenylene)
m-cresol, formic acid, phenol,

sulfuric acid
Sulfuric acid (60% and 95%)
Aqu. NaOH
Alcohols, diethyl ether

m-Cresol (sw), glacial acetic acid,
aqu. NaOH (45%, sw)
W
30
679
443
4.4.4. POLY(CARBODIIMIDES)
(arranged according to increasing complexity)
NR
Poly(diethylcarbodiimide) **
Poly(diallylcarbodiimide)
Poly(di-rc-butylcarbodiimide)
Poly(diisobutylcarbodiimide)
Poly(methylhexylcarbodiimide)
Poly(di-rc-hexylcarbodiimide)
Poly(diphenylcarbodiimide)
-N=C=N-RPoly(hexamethylenecarbodiimide)
Poly(4,4'-biphenylylenemethylenecarbodiimide)
Poly(3-methyl-l,4-phenylenecarbodiimide)
Poly(l,3-xylylenecarbodiimide)
Poly(2,2'-dimethyl-4,4'-biphenylylenecarbodiimide)
Poly(2,2/-dimethoxy-l,4-biphenylylenecarbodiimide)
PoIy(1,5-naphthylenediylcarbodiimide)
Formic acid, aqu. mineral acids

Formic acid
Formic acid
Formic acid
Toluene
Formic acid, rc-heptane, toluene
Formic acid
Heptane
Heptane
Heptane
444
444
444
444
445
445,446
444
No solvent known
m-Cresol, trichlorophenol/phenol (7/10)
No solvent known
No solvent known
cyclohexanone, DMF, DMSO,
ethylene chiorohydrin, formic acid,
trichloroethylene, xylene
No solvent known
No solvent known
No solvent known
447
447
447
447
447
447
447
4.4.5. OTHER COMPOUNDS

Poly(N-propanoyliminoethylene), Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)
Poly[AKperfluorooctylethylenecarbonyl)iminoethylene]
Poly(/V-benzoyliminoethylene)
Poly[AH(9-carbazolyl)acetyl)iminoethylene]
Poly[N-2-((9-carbazolyl)propanoyl)iminoethylene]
Polysuccinimide
Poly(ter?-butylmaleimide)
Poly(phenylmaleimide)
Poly(m-aniline)
Polyaniline, camphorsulfonic acid doped
Poly|7V-(p-tert-butylbenzoyi)aniline]
Poly(2-pentadecylaniline)
Poly(3-trifluoromethylaniline)
Poly(4-amino-3-sulfoaniline)
Ethanol, W
Chloroform
Chloroform, THF
Chloroform, THF
Mesitylene sulfolane
Bzn., carbon tetrachloride, DMF, THF
DMF, DMSO
DMF, DMSO, methylene chloride
(partially), NMP
Benzyl alcohol, chloroform, m-,
p-cresol, DMF, NMP
Acetone (partially), chloroform
(partially), DMSO, THF
Chloroform, THF
Acetone, acrylonitrile, toluene
Methanol, W
Methanol
Diethyl ether
Ethanol, diethyl ether
Ethanol, diethyl ether
Hexane
Bzn., hexane
448,449
450
451
452
452
453
454
454
455
456,457
458
459
460
461
TABLE 4. cont'd
Polymer
Poly[yV-(p-sulfophenyl)imino-3-hydroxymethyll,4-phenyleneimino-l,4-phenylene]
Poly[N-(4-methylphenyl)-6-iminohexamethylenecarbonyl1,4-phenylene]
Poly(imino-l,4-phenylenecarbonyloxy1,4-phenyleneoxycarbonyl-l,4-phenylene)
Poly[/V-(methyl)imino-3-phenyltriazine-l,5-diyl]
Poly (9-nitriloanthraquinone-10-nitrilo-l,4-phenylene)
Poly(9-nitriloanthraquinone- 10-nitrilo-1,4-phenylenemethylene-1,4-phenylene)
Poly[carbonyliminocarbonyl-1,4-phenylenecarbonyliminocarbonyloxy-2,2-(dimethyl)
tetramethyleneoxy]
Poly(oxy-3-methyl-l,4-phenylene-<9MV-azoxy2-methyl-1,4-phenyleneoxy-1,12-dodecanoyl),
Solvents
DMF (partially), DMSO (partially),
NMP (partially), W
Nonsolvents
Refs.
462
Diethyl ether, methanol
463
m-Cresol, DMA (partially),

DMSO (partially), NMP (partially),
sulfuric acid
Bzn., cresols, phenols
Chlorobenzene, chloroform
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform, hexane
464
Hexane
Hexanes
465
466
467
DMA
Diethyl ether
468
Chloroform
Poly[/V-(acetyl)irninoethylene-c<?-Af(3-thiopheneylcarbonyl)iminoethylene]
469
Acetone, acetonitrile, DMF, DMSO,

THF
470
4.5. POLY(PHOSPHAZENES) AND RELATED COMPOUNDS

Poly(dichlorophosphazene)
Poly[bis(trifluoroethoxy)phosphazene]
Poly(dimethoxyphosphazene)
Poly(dihexyloxyphosphazene)
Poly(methylphenylphosphazene)
Poly(diphenoxyphosphazene)
Poly(4-nitrophenoxyphenoxyphosphazene)
Poly[(phenylthiophosphonoyl)trirnethyene]
Acetonitrile, cyclohexane,
682
methylene chloride, THF
Acetone, cyclohexanone (hot),
Diethyl ether, dioxane, ethanol,
471-473
dimethyl ether, ethyl acetate,
hydrocarbons, W
glycol, methanol (hot), THF
Acetonitrile, chloroform,
Acetone, bzn., diethyl ether, ethanol, W
471
dimethoxyethane, dioxane,
DMF, methanol, pyridine, THF
Bzn.
7
THF
474
Bzn. (hot), chlorobenzene, DMF, THF Acetone, DMSO, ethanol, hexane, W
471
Dioxane, THF
Hexane, methanol, W
475
Acetone (partially), acetonitrile
Toluene, ethyl acetate, methanol, W
476
(partially), chloroform, DMF,
DMSO
Chloroform
Methanol/W (9/1)
477
Methylene chloride
Diethyl ether
478
carbon tetrachloride, cyclohexane
Aromatic hydrocarbons
Diethyl ether, THF
Toluene
Isooctane
Chloroform
Toluene
THF
Toluene
Toluene
Chloroform, diethyl ether
Bzn., THF
Acetone (partially), DMSO (partially)
479
4.6. POLY(SILANES), POLY(SILAZANES)

Poly(alkyltrisilazane)
Poly(dimethylsilylene-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(dimethlylsilylenetrimethylene)
Poly(;z-pentyl-n-hexylsilylene)
Poly(di-rc-hexylsilylene)
Poly(methylphenylsilylene)
Poly(phenylchlorosilylene)
PoIy(1,1,2,2-tetramethyldisilylenemethylene)
Poly (diethoxysilylene-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(octamethyltetrasilylenedimethylsilylene)
Poly(octamethyltetrasilylenemethylene)
Poly(dihydrosilylene-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(hydrophenylsilyleneethynylene1,3-phenyleneethynylene)
Aliphatic hydrocarbons, ethanol

Isopropanol/ethyl acetate
Ethanol
Chloroform/me thanol
Methanol
Methanol
Ethanol
Hexane, methanol
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
488
489
490,491
Next Page
TABLE 4. cont'd
Polymer
Poly(dibutylsilylene-1,4-phenyleneethenylene1,4-phenyleneethenylene-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(hexamethylcyclotrisilazane)
Poly(dihexylsilyleneferrocenediyl)
Poly(dimethyisilylene-N-methylimino)
Poly(dimethylsilyleneiminoethyleneimino)
Poly(dimethylsilylene-co-1,3-dihydro1,3-dimethyldisilazane) (1:1 to 3: 1)
Solvents
Nonsolvents
Refs.
Chloroform
THF
492
Carbon tetrachloride, hydrocarbons

THF
THF
Xylene
Decaline, toluene
Acetone, DMSO
493
680
494
495
496
Toluene
Methanol
497

Polymer
Solvents
Nonsolvents
Refs.
5.1. POLY(BENZOXAZOLES), POLY(OXADIAZOLES), POLY(OXADIAZOLIDINES)

Poly(benzoxazoles)
Poly(2,5-benzoxazolediyl)
Poly(dibenzothiazoles)
Sulfuric acid
Sulfuric acid
498
498
499
R = 1,3-phenylene
R = 1,4-phenylene
R = octamethylene
R = 1,4-cyclohexylene
Sulfuric acid
Sulfuric acid
m-Cresol, formic acid, sulfuric acid
Sulfuric acid
R = tetramethylene
Chloroform, m-cresol, DMF (hot),

Benzyl alcohol, formic acid
pyridine (hot), sulfuric acid (hot),
tetrachloroethane (hot), THF (hot)
Benzyl alcohol (hot), chloroform,
DMF (partially), formic acid (partially)
m-cresol (hot), pyridine,
sulfuric acid, tetrachloroethane
(hot), THF
Chloroform, m-cresol,
Benzyl alcohol, DMF, pyridine,
formic acid (hot), sulfuric acid (hot)
tetrachloroethane, THF
R = 1,3-phenylene
R = l ,4-phenylene
Organic solvents
Organic solvents
Acetic acid, DMA, DMF, DMSO,
formamide, NMP
Polyphosphoric acid
DMA, NMP
499
499,500
500
501
502
502
502
503
Methanol
504-506
Poly( 1,3,4-oxadiazoles)
R = octamethylene
R = methylene to eicosamethylene
Bzn., chloroform, m-cresol,

dichloroethylene, DMA (hot),
DMF, DMSO (hot), NMP (hot),
sulfuric acid
DMA (hot), DMSO (hot), NMP (hot),
DMSO (sw), NMP (sw)
sulfuric acid (95%)
507-509
509
Previous Page
TABLE 4. cont'd
Polymer
Poly(dibutylsilylene-1,4-phenyleneethenylene1,4-phenyleneethenylene-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(hexamethylcyclotrisilazane)
Poly(dihexylsilyleneferrocenediyl)
Poly(dimethyisilylene-N-methylimino)
Poly(dimethylsilyleneiminoethyleneimino)
Poly(dimethylsilylene-co-1,3-dihydro1,3-dimethyldisilazane) (1:1 to 3: 1)
Solvents
Nonsolvents
Refs.
Chloroform
THF
492
Carbon tetrachloride, hydrocarbons

THF
THF
Xylene
Decaline, toluene
Acetone, DMSO
493
680
494
495
496
Toluene
Methanol
497

Polymer
Solvents
Nonsolvents
Refs.
5.1. POLY(BENZOXAZOLES), POLY(OXADIAZOLES), POLY(OXADIAZOLIDINES)

Poly(benzoxazoles)
Poly(dibenzothiazoles)
Sulfuric acid
Sulfuric acid
498
498
499
R = 1,3-phenylene
R = 1,4-phenylene
R = octamethylene
Sulfuric acid
Sulfuric acid
m-Cresol, formic acid, sulfuric acid
Sulfuric acid
R = tetramethylene
Chloroform, m-cresol, DMF (hot),

Benzyl alcohol, formic acid
pyridine (hot), sulfuric acid (hot),
tetrachloroethane (hot), THF (hot)
Benzyl alcohol (hot), chloroform,
DMF (partially), formic acid (partially)
m-cresol (hot), pyridine,
sulfuric acid, tetrachloroethane
(hot), THF
Chloroform, m-cresol,
Benzyl alcohol, DMF, pyridine,
formic acid (hot), sulfuric acid (hot)
tetrachloroethane, THF
R = 1,3-phenylene
R = l ,4-phenylene
Organic solvents
Organic solvents
Acetic acid, DMA, DMF, DMSO,
formamide, NMP
Polyphosphoric acid
DMA, NMP
499
499,500
500
501
502
502
502
503
Methanol
504-506
Poly( 1,3,4-oxadiazoles)
R = octamethylene
R = methylene to eicosamethylene
Bzn., chloroform, m-cresol,

dichloroethylene, DMA (hot),
DMF, DMSO (hot), NMP (hot),
sulfuric acid
DMA (hot), DMSO (hot), NMP (hot),
DMSO (sw), NMP (sw)
sulfuric acid (95%)
507-509
509
TABLE 5. cont'd
Polymer
R = 1,2-phenylene
R = 1,3-phenylene
Solvents
Formic acid (80%), sulfuric acid
DMA, DMSO, formic acid (80%),
NMP, sulfuric acid
Sulfuric acid
Sulfuric acid, trifluoroacetic acid
Nonsolvents
Refs.
DMA, DMSO, NMP
Chloroform, m-cresol, DMF,

nitrobenzene, tetrafluoropropanol
510
510
511
512-514
Poly(oxadiazolidines)
R=l,3-phenylene
DMSO
Methanol
515
Diethyl ether, diphenyl ether,

diphenylmethane, DMA, DMF,
DMSO, ethanol, formic acid, quinoline
516
5.2. POLY(DITHIAZOLES), POLY(BENZOTHIAZOLES)

Poly(dithiazoles)
R = 1,4-phenylene
R = l ,4-phenylenehexamethylene-1,4-phenylene
Mw = 11000
Mw = 12000
Mw = 27000
Poly(benzothiazoles)
Sulfuric acid (cold)

Sulfuric acid (cold)
DMF (cold)
DMF (hot)
DMF (hot)
516
516
516
516
R = 1,4-phenylene
R = 5-alkoxy-l,3-phenylene
R = l,4-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane
R = 1,4-phenylene and 1,4-phenyleneimino1,4-phenylene
Methanesulfonic acid
Methanesulfonic acid
Methanesulfonic acid, sulfuric acid
Methanesulfonic acid,
polyphosphoric acid
517
433
518
519
R = 1,3-phenylene
R = 3,5-pyridinediyl
R = 1,4-phenyleneoxy-1,4-phenylene
R = 1,4-phenylenecarbonyl-1,4-phenylene
R = 1,4-phenylene
R = 1,6-anthracenediyl
Poly(2,6-benzothiazolediyl)
Cone, sulfuric acid

Cone, sulfuric acid
Cone, sulfuric acid
Cone, sulfuric acid
Cone, sulfuric acid
Sulfuric acid (partially)
Sulfuric acid
520
520
520
520
500
521
498
5.3. POLY(IMIDES)
5.3.1. POLY(BENZIMIDES)
R = 1,4-phenylenecarbonyloxyethyleneoxyethyleneoxycarbonyl
R = poly(isobutylene)iminocarbonyl
rc-Butyl
R = 1,4-phenyleneoxy-1,4-phenyleneiminocarbonyl
R = 4,4/-biphenylyleneiminocarbonyl
R = 1,4-phenylenemethylene-1,4-phenyleneiminocarbonyl
R = 1,4-phenylenecarbonyloxymethyleneoxycarbonyl
R = 1,4-phenyleneoxy-1,4-phenyleneiminocarbonyl
R = 1,4-phenyleneoxy-1,4-phenylenecarbonylimino1,4-phenyleneoxy-1,4-pheny leneiminocarbony 1
Methylene chloride/trifluoroacetic
acid (4/1)
acetate, diethyl ether
NMP
NMP/xylene
DMA5DMSO, NMP
m-Cresol (1500C), trichlorobenzene
(reflux)
DMA
DMA, NMP
Methanol
Ethanol, methanol
Methanol
Methanol
522
313
523
524
525,539
526
527
528
TABLE 5. cont'd
Polymer
R = 1,4-phenylene
R' = 5-oxy-1,4-phenyleneisopropylidene1,4-phenylene-5 '-oxy
R = hexamethylene
R'-5,5'-oxy
R = 2,2/-di(trifluoromethyl)-4,4/-biphenylylene
R' = S^'-hexafluoroisopropylidene
R' = 5,5 '-phenylphosphineoxide
R = 2,2/-ditrifluoromethyl-4,4/-biphenylylene
R' = 5,5'-idyl
R = 1,4-phenyleneoxy-l, 4-phenylene
R' = 5,5'-carbonyl
R = 1,3-phenylene
R' = S^'-oxy-l^-phenyleneisopropylidene1,4-phenyleneoxy
Solvents
Nonsolvents
Refs.
DMA
529
Cone, sulfuric acid
530
Acetone, chloroform, m-cresol
531
NMP
532
m-Cresol (hot)
533
DMA
534
NMP
535
5.3.2. POLY(PYROMELLITIMIDES)
R = nonamethylene
R = 1,3-phenylene; 1,4-phenylene
R = 4,4'-biphenylylene
R = 1,4-phenylenemethylene-l,4-phenylene;
1,4-phenyleneisopropylidene-1,4-phenylene
amic acid
R = 1,4-phenylenethio-l,4-phenylene
R = 1,4-phenylenesulfonyl-l,4-phenylene
R = l,3-phenylenesulfonyl-l,3-methylene
R = pentaerythrityl
R 4-hydroxy-l,3-phenyleneisopropylidene4-hydroxy-1,3-phenylene
R = ethylidenecarbonyloxysebacoyloxycarbonylethylidene, <40% imide
R = hexa-2,4-diyne-l,6-diyl
R = l,3-phenyleneoxy-l,3-phenyleneoxy-1,3-phenylene
m-Cresol
Cone, sulfuric acid
Fuming nitric acid
Cone, sulfuric acid
Common
Common
Common
Common
solvents
solvents
solvents
solvents
13,540
13,540
13,540
13,540
DMA, iV-methylcaprolactone,
fuming nitric acid
DMA, DMF, DMSO
Fuming nitric acid
Cone, sulfuric acid
Cone, sulfuric acid
No solvent known
DMF, DMA, DMSO, nitrobenzene,
tetramethylene sulfone
Chloroform
13,540,
541
542
13,540
13,540
13,540
543
223
DMSO
DMA
organic
organic
organic
organic

544
W
545
525
DMA (partial), DMSO (partial),

NMP (partial)
546
Cresol, DMA, DMF, DMSO, NMP
536
4-Butyrolactone
537
No known solvent
538
5.3.3. OTHERS
TABLE 5. cont'd
Polymer
5.4.
Nonsolvents
Refs.
POLY(QUINOXAHNES)
Poly(quinoxaline-2,6-diylquinoxaline-6,2-diyl1,4-phenylene)
Poly(quinoxalines) several different
compositions
5.5.
Solvents
Sulfuric acid
547
13-Dichloro-l,l,3,3-tetrafluoro2,2-dihydroxypropane,
methanesulfonic acid
548,549
POLY(BENZIMIDAZOLES)
Poly(benzimidazoles)
R = tetramethylene
R = 1,4-phenylene
R = 1,3-phenylene
Poly(dibenzimidazoles)
R = tetramethylene to eicosane-l,20-diyl
R = cyclohexylene
R = 1,3-phenylene
R = 1,4-phenylene
R = 2,2/-biphenylylene
R = 4,4'-biphenylylene
R = 3,5-pyridyenediyl
R = 2,5-furandiyl
R = l,4-phenyleneiminocarbonyl-R'-carbonylimino1,4-phenylene;
R' = octamethylene; 1,4-phenylene; 1,3-phenylene
5.6.
DMSO (partially), formic acid

Formic acid (partially)
m-Cresol, formic acid (85%),

DMA, DMSO, NMP, cone.
sulfuric acid
Acetic acid, m-cresol, DMF,
DMSO, formic acid, NMP,
sulfuric acid
DMA, DMSO, formic acid,
NMP, cone, sulfuric acid
Formic acid (2-3% soluble)
DMF, DMSO, formic acid
Formic acid (partially)
DMF (partially), DMSO, formic acid
(partially)
DMF, DMSO, formic acid (partially)
DMA, DMF, DMSO, NMP, cone.
sulfuric acid
DMF
DMF, DMSO, formic acid
DMF, DMSO
550
550
550
Glacial acetic acid, DMF (sw)
551
501
Glacial acetic acid, m-cresol,

DMF (partially), formic acid
(85%, sw)
DMF, DMSO
DMF, DMSO
Glacial acetic acid (sw),

m cresol (sw), formic acid (sw),
methanol
550,551
550,551
550,551
550,551
550,551
550,551
550,551
POLY(PIPERAZINES)
Poly(2,5-diketo-l,4-piperazinediy 1-1,4-phenylene
sulfonyl-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(2,5-dimethyl-l,4-piperazinediylcarbonyl1,4-phenylenesulfonyl-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(l,4-piperazinediylcarbonylethylene1,4-phenylenephosphinylidene1,4-phenyleneethylenecarbonyl)
Poly(piperazinediylcarbonyloxym-cyclohexyleneoxycarbonyl)
Poly(l,4-piperazinediylcarbonyl2,5-pyridinediylcarbonyl)
PoIy(1,4-piperazinediyl-2-hydroxytrimethyleneoxy1,4-phenyleneisopropylidene-1,4-phenyleneoxy1 -hydroxyethylene)
PoIy(1,4-piperazinediylcarbonyl-2,5-norbornadiene2,3-diylcarbonyl)
Dichloroacetic acid, formic acid,

DMA, DMF, DMSO
552
DMF, svm-tetrachloroethane/phenol
Methanol, W
13
(2/3)
Chloroform, cresol, DMF, ethanol,
Acetone, acetonitrile (sw), chlorobenzene, 436
C-7 fluoroalcohol, formic acid, aqu.
hexane
hydrochloric acid (5%)
Chloroform, m-cresol, formic acid
323
m-cresol, formic acid, cone. aqu.
HCl, phenol, sulfuric acid
DMF
Chloroform, o-cresol
553
554
Methanol
555
TABLE 5.
cont'd
Polymer
5.7.
Solvents
Refs.
POLY(ANHYDRIDES)
Poly(maleic anhydride)
PolyCacrylic anhydride)
Acetic anhydride, acetonitrile,

acetophenone, lower aliphatic
alcohols, butanone, dioxane,
DMF, ethers, ketones,
nitroparaffins
DMF, DMSO
Poly(methacrylic anhydride)
DMF, DMSO
Poly(itaconic acid anhydride)
Acetic acid, acetone,

cyclohexanone, THF
THF
Poly(maleic anhydride-a/f-2-cyclohexylenel,3-dioxepin-5-ene)
Poly(maleic
Poly(maleic
Poly(maleic
Poly(maleic
Poly(maleic
anhydride-fl//-isopropenylisocyanate)
anhydride-a/f-2-propenylisocyanate)
anhydride-co-styrene) (3:1)
anhydride-a/r-methyl vinyl ether)
anhydride-tf/r-1-octadecene)
Poly(maleic anhydride -co-N-vinylforrnamide) (1 :1)

5.8.
Nonsolvents
Acetone, DMF
MEK
Acetone, MEK
MEK, THF
Acetone, bzn., carbon tetrachloride,
ethyl acetate
THF
Hydrocarbons, most chlorinated

hydrocarbons
Alcohols, bzn., diethyl ether
Aliphatic hydrocarbons,
diethyl ether, methanol, W
Chloroform, diethyl ether
Hexenes
556
13
557,558
687,700
559
560
561
153
Carbon tetrachloride, diethyl ether, hexane 186
Ethanol
562
Bzn.
563
POLY(THIOPHENES)
Poly(3-alkyl-2,5-thiophenediyl)
Poly(3-hexyl-2,5-thiophenediyl)
Poly(3-hexyloxycarbonyl-2,5-thiophenediyl)
Poly(3,4-oxyethyleneoxy-2,5-thiophenediyl)
Poly(2,5-thiophenediyl-co-3-undecyl-2,5-thiophenediyl)
(1:1)
Poly(3-rnethyl-2,5-thiophenediyl-c<73-oligodimethylysiloxane-2,5~thiophenediyl)
Poly(2,5-thiophenediylethylene)
Poly(2,5-thiophenediyl-co-dimethylsilylene) (3:1 to 3 : 2)
Poly(2,5-thiophenediyl-co-/V-tt-dodecyl-2,5-pyrrolediyl)
(4:1)
Po]y(2,5-thiophenediyl-l,2-dirnethoxyethenylene)
Poly(2,5-thiophenediylethynylene-2,5-dioctyloxy1,4-phenylene)
Poly(2,5-thiophenediylethynylene-l,4-tetrafluoro
phenyleneethynylene)
Poly(thieno[3.2-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl)
Poly(2,5-thiophenediylcarbonyl-1,4-phenyleneoxy1,4-phenyleneisopropylidene-1,4-phenyleneoxy)
Poly(4,4/-diphenyl-2,2/-bisthiazole-5,5'-diyl)
Chloroform, methylene chloride,

THF (partially)
THF, toluene
Chloroform, DMF
Chloroform
Nitrobenzene, THF
564
Methanol
Methanol
Methanol
Chloroform
THF
Dimethoxyethane
THF
Chloroform
7
565
566
567
568
Methanol
Hexane
569
570
571
572
573
573
Chloroform
Chloroform, DMA, NMP
Methanol
Methanol
574
575-577
Hexane
Methanol
578
Chloroform
579
5.9. OTHERS
Poly(2,3-dihydrofuran-3,4-diyl)
Poly(2,5-furandiylethylene)
Poly(3,5-dicarboxytetrahydropyran-3,5-diylmethylene)
Toluene
THF
DMSO
Methanol
Acetone
580
569
581
TABLE 5. cont'd
Polymer
Poly(Ar-rt-butylitaconimide)
Poly(iV-phenylmaleimide)
Poly(2,5-pyridinediylethenylene)
Poly(#-2-ethylhexyl-3,6-carbazolediylethenylene)
Poly^-methyleneimidazoleimide-l^-diyl)
Poly(3-phenyl-3,5-triazolediyl-l,4-phenyleneoxy1,4-phenyleneisopropylidene-1,4-phenyleneoxy1,4-phenylene)
Poly[3-(2'-pyridyl)-l,2,4-triazine-5,6-diyll,4-phenyleneoxy-4,4'-biphenylyleneoxy1,4-phenylene]
Poly(3,5-pyrazolediyl-l,4-phenyleneoxy1,4-phenylenecarbonyl-1,4-phenyleneoxy1,4-phenylene)
Solvents
Nonsolvents
Refs.
Bzn., THF, toluene

DMF, DMSO, THF
Methanol
Formic acid, sulfuric acid
1M LiCl in NMP
Methanol
DMA (partially), sulfuric acid (partially)
Toluene
Methanol
7
582
583
584
585
586
Chlorobenzene, NMP
Methanol
587
DMA, NMP
588
TABLE 6. FORMALDEHYDE RESINS

Polymer
Aniline-formaldehyde resins
low mol. wt.
high mol. wt.
Melamine-formaldehyde resins
very low mol. wt.
intermediate mol. wt.
final resin, high mol. wt.
Phenol-formaldehyde resins
Novolaks and low mol. wt.
4-terf-butylphenol and 4-phenylphenol polymers
final resins
Solvents
Methylcyclohexanone
No solvent known
final resin, high mol. wt.

Phenyl glycidyl ether-formaldehyde resins, low mol. wt.
Alcohols, aniline (sw), hydrocarbons

Aniline, chlorinated hydrocarbons (sw)
Refs.
6
6
Alcohol, W
DiI. and cone, acids, formalin,
formic acids, pyridine
No solvent known
6
6
Acetone, diethyl ether, esters,

hydrocarbons
Drying oils
Molten phenols (with some
decomposition)
fully cured resins

/7-Toluenesulfonamide-formaldehyde resins
Urea-formaldehyde resins
very low mol. wt.
intermediate mol. wt.
Nonsolvents
Alcohols, bzn., esters, ethers, ketones
Most common organic compounds
6
6
DiI. acids (sw), dil. alkalies (sw), alcohol,

6
W(sw)
Aliphatic hydrocarbons, W
6,589
Alcohol, W
DiI. and cone, acids, formalin,
formic acid, pyridine
No solvent known
Acetone, MEK, methyl isobutyl ketone
6
6
6
590
TABLE 7. NATURAL POLYMERS AND MODIFIED NATURAL POLYMERS

Polymer
Solvents
Nonsolvents
Refs.
7.1. NATURAL RUBBER AND DERIVATIVES (see also 1.1)

Natural rubber
cyclic
Bzn., chlorinated hydrocarbons,

cyclohexane, hydrocarbons,
methyl isobutyl ketone (low mol.
wt.), w-propyl ketone (above
14.5C), toluene (low mol. wt.)
hydrocarbons
hydrochlorinated
chlorinated
Chlorinated hydrocarbons
hydrocarbons, hydrogenated
naphthas
dichlorocarbene modified
Chloroform
Acetone, alcohols, carboxylic acids
Acetone, acids, alcohol, alkalies,

diethyl ether, aliphatic hydrocarbons,
oils (sw), W
Alcohol, W
Cone, acids, oxidizing acids, acetone
(sw), alcohol, moderately cone,
alkalies, aliphatic hydrocarbons,
diethyl ether (sw), W
Methanol
4,5,7,
591
6
6
6
592
TABLE 7. cont'd
Polymer
Solvents
Nonsolvents
Refs.
7.2. GUTTA PERCHA

Gutta percha
Bzn., cloroform, hot petroleum ether
Alcohol, W
7.3. CELLULOSE AND DERIVATIVES

7.3.1. CELLULOSE
Cellulose
/V-Ethylpyridinium chloride/DMF
DiI. aqu. alkalies, hydrocarbons,
(1/1), /V-ethylpyridinium
mineral oils, W (sw)
chloride/pyridine (1/1),
trifluoroacetic acid, aqu. solutions
of: alkalies (ice-cold), beryllium
perchlorate, calcium thiocyanate,
cupriammonium hydroxide,
cupriethylenediamine, sodium
xanthate, tetramethylammonium
hydroxide, zinc chloride/hydrochloric
acid (cold), zinc chloride (hot), cone,
phosphoric acid, cone, sulfuric acid.
See also table on cellulose in this
Handbook
4-6,
593,594
7.3.2. CELLULOSE ETHERS

Methyl cellulose
SC = 3-10%
= 22-32%
= > 40%
Ethyl cellulose
DS = 0.5-0.7
= 1.0-1.5
=2
= 2.3
=3
Isopropyl cellulose
DS = 0.5
= 2.5
Butyl cellulose
DS = 0.8
= 1.9
Benzyl cellulose
DS = 1.65
=2
Aqu. alkalies
Aqu. alkali, N-ethylpyridinium
chloride/DMF, methanol/methylene
chloride, W (cold)
Acetone, chloroform, cyclohexanone,
esters, pyridine
W
Diethyl ether, methanol, methylene
chloride, W (hot)
Aqu. alkali
Acetic acid, cuoxam, formic acid,
pyridine, W (cold)
Chloroform, chlorohydrins,
dichloroethylene, ethanol,
methylene chloride, THF
Acetic esters, alcohols, alkyl
halides, bzn., carbon disulfide,
furan derivatives, ketones,
nitromethane
Alcohols, bzn., esters, methylene
chloride
W (cold)
Ethanol
Aliphatic hydrocarbons, diethyl ether,

ethanol, W
6,595
6,594,595
6,595
5,6,30,
595,596
Alcohols, diethyl ether, esters,

hydrocarbons, ketones,
tetrachloroethylene, W
Acetone (cold), ethylene glycol
Carbon tetrachloride, diols,

di-n-propyl ether, hydrocarbons,
tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol
W (cold)
Acetone, butanol, bzn., chloroform,
cyclohexanone, dichloroethane,
dioxane, glycol formal, methyl
acetate, methylcyclohexanone, THF
W (hot)
Ethanol, ethanol/diethylether (1/3),
hydrocarbons, methanol, propanol
595
30
Polar organic solvents

polar organic solvents
Hydrocarbons, W
Aliphatic hydrocarbons, W
595
595
Methylene chloride, methyl

ether glycol acetate, nitrobenzene
Acetates (< C5), acetone,
bzn./acetone, bzn./alcohol,
chlorobenzene, chlorohydrins,
dichloroethylene, ethanol/carbon
tetrachloride (1/1), MEK,
methylene chloride, pyridine,
tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, tetralin,
trichloroethylene
Bzn., chlorobenzene, butyl acetate
210
Alcohols, (> C5), carbon tetrachloride,

o-chlorotoluene, diethyl ether,
dioxane, dipropyl ketone,
hydrocarbons
6,30
TABLE 7.
cont'd
Polymer
DS = 3
SC = <30%
= 35-55%
= >55%
Carboxymethyl cellulose
SC = 5-10%
= 15-30%
= high
Cyanoethyl cellulose
SC = 8-12%
= 24-32%
= >50%
Solvents
Nonsolvents
Acetone, butyl acetate, chlorobenzene, Aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic

chloroform, cyclohexanone,
hydrocarbons (sw), carbon
ethyl acetate, MEK
tetrachloride, diethyl ether,
dioxane, ethanol
Alkali
Ethylene chlorohydrin, DMSO,
formic acid, W
Bzn./acetone, bzn./alcohol,
chloroform, pyridine, esters
Cellosolve", dioxane, ethanol,
methanol, W (<45C)
Refs.
199
Cellosolve", hexane, methanol, toluene
597
Acetone, bzn., methanol (sw),

methyl acetate, THF
W (>45C)
597
Alkali
W (sodium salt)
Acetone, bzn./acetone, bzn./alcohol,
chloroform, esters, pyridine
6
Alkali
W
Acetone, bzn./acetone, bzn./alcohol,
chloroform, esters, pyridine
7.3.3. CELLULOSE ESTERS

Cellulose triformate
Cellulose acetate
DS = 0.6-0.8
= 1.3-1.7
= 2-2.3
Cellulose acetate hydrogen phthalate

Cellulose tripropionate
Cellulose tricaproate
Cellulose tricaprylate
Cellulose stearate
DS = 3
Formic acid, pyridine

W
2-Methoxyethanol
Acetic acid (glacial), acetone,
aniline, benzyl alcohol,
chloroform/methanol,
cyclohexanone, diethanolamine,
dioxane, ethyl acetate/nitrobenzene,
ethylene glycol ethers, formic acid,
glycol monoethyl ether acetate,
methyl acetate, methylene
chloride/methanol (4/1),
nitromethane, phenols, pyridine
Acetone/W (4/1), chloroform/alcohol,
chloroform, dioxane, ethyl acetate,
ethylene glycol ether acetates,
ethylene carbonate, methyl acetate,
methylene chloride/ethanol (4/1),
methylene chloride, THF,
trichloroethane
Acetone
Acetone, bzn., chlorobenzene,
dichloroethane, ethyl acetate
Acetone, amyl acetate, bzn.,
chlorobenzene, chloroform,
cyclohexanone, dodecane/tetralin
(3/1 above 1300C), ethanol (hot),
ethyl acetate, nitrobenzene, THF,
xylene (hot)
Acetone, bzn., chlorobenzene,
chloroform, cyclohexanone,
diethyl ether, dioxane, DMF,
ethanol (hot), ethyl acetate,
glacial acetic acid (hot), hexane,
nitroethane, THF, xylene
DMF (above 14O0C),
3-phenylpropanol (above 48C),
toluene
bzn., tetrachloroethane, toluene
30
Acetone, W
Aliphatic ethers, hydrocarbons,
weak mineral acids
Acetone (partially), aliphatic

hydrocarbons, aliphatic ethers,
bzn., chlorobenzene,
c-chlorotoluene, dichloroethane,
ethanol (absolute), glycol ethers,
methyl /-butyl ketone,
weak mineral acids
o-Chlorotoluene, ethanol, hydrocarbons
595
4,6
4-6,30,
598,599
32
30
2 Ethylhexanol, cyclohexane,
diethyl ether, hexane, methanol
595
2-Hydroxyethyl acetate, formamide,

methanol, nitromethane
595
5
Acetone, butyl acetate, dichloroethane,
ethyl acetate
595
TABLE 7. cont'd
Polymer
Cellulose acetate butyrate
DS (acetate) 0.5
DS (butyrate) = 2.35
DS (acetate) - 2 . 1
DS (butyrate) = 0.7
Propyl cellulose benzoate
Hydroxypropyl cellulose perfluorooctanoate

DS = 3 (ester), DS = 4 (ether)
Solvents
Nonsolvents
Refs.
Acetone, amyl acetate, bzn.,

Aliphatic hydrocarbons, diethyl ether,
ethanol, methanol
esters, methanol (hot), nitroethane,
tetrachloroethane, toluene (hot)
Acetone, chloroform, cyclohexanone, Amyl acetate, bzn./methanol
dichloroethane, dioxane,
(1/4 and 4/1), carbon tetrachloride,
ethyl acetate, nitroethane
diethyl ether, ethanol, hydrocarbons,
methanol, W
Methanol, W
DMF, iV-ethylpyridinium
chloride/DMSO (1/1),
iV-ethylpyridinium
chloride/pyridine (1/1), pyridine,
THF
DMA, ethyl acetate, pyridine,
TMF, toluene, xylene
Acetone
Ethanol
595
595
7,594,
595
600
601
7.3.4. CELLULOSE NITRATE AND SULFATE

Cellulose nitrate
N = 6.8%
N = 10.5-12%
N = 12.7%
Cellulose sulfate, sodium salt

DS=I
W
602
Acetic acid (glacial), acetone,
Higher alcohols, higher carboxylic
4,6,595
alcohol/diethyl ether, alcohol (lower), acids, higher ketones,
amyl acetate, ethylene glycol ethers
tricresyl phosphate
Acetone, cyclohexanone, ethanol/
DiI. carboxylic acids, aliphatic
4-6,595
diethyl ether, ethyl lactate,
hydrocarbons, aromatic
ethyl butyrate, ethylene carbonate,
hydrocarbons (sw), diethyl ether,
ethylene glycol ether acetates,
ethylene glycol, higher alcohols (sw),
furan derivatives, halogenated
lower alcohols, W
hydrocarbons, methyl acetate,
methyl amyl ketone, nitrobenzene
W
Ethanol
595
Ethylenediamine, /V-ethylpyridinium
chloride/pyridine (1/1), DMSO,
nitromethane, W (hot), aqu. KOH,
aqu. KCl (0.33 M, above 25C)
Chloroform, methyl acetate,
nitromethane
Acetone, dioxane, pyridine
W, W/butanol
Bzn., chloroform, dioxane, DMF,
DMSO, THF
Liquid ammonia, aqu. sol. of
cupriethylenediamine, fused chloral
hydrate, N-ethylpyridinium
chloride/pyridine (1 /1),
W (hot, pressure)
w-Butanol, diethyl ether
7.4. STARCH AND DERIVATIVES

Amylose
Amylose acetate
DS = 2
Amylose tricarbanilate
Amylopectin
Benzyl amylose
DS = 3
Starch
Starch, methyl ether

DS = 0.5-2
DS = 3
5,7,363,594,595,603
Acetone, diethyl ether, ethanol

Ethanoi, methanol, W
Alkali (sw), diethyl ether,
W (sw)
W (cold)
Chloroform
W (hot)
Aqu. alkalies, aqu. sodium carbonate,

W (sparingly)
DiI. acids, aqu. calcium salt solutions,

hydrophilic organic compounds (sw),
hydrophobic organic compounds
Organic hydrophobic compounds
Organic hydrophobic compounds
5
604
605
6,363,
594,595
595
595
7.5. OTHER POLY(SACCHARIDES)

Alginic acid
alkali and ammonium salts
magnesium and ferrous salts
Aqu. alkali, W
W
6,363
6
TABLE 7.
cont'd
Polymer
calcium salts
copper, zinc, aluminum salts
beryllium, chromium, ferric salts
^-Carrageenan
Chitin
Chitosan
N-[Q '-hydroxy-2',3 '-dicarboxy)ethyl]chitosan
Glycogen
Gum arabic
Gum tragacanth,
Tragacanthin, tragacanthic acid
2,3-Di-0-benzyl-(l,5)-ot-D-furanan
Heparin
Konjac glucomannan
Pectin
Pullulan
Xanthan gum
Solvents
Weak aqu. alkali
Aqu. ammonium hydroxide
W
Formic acid, cone.
mineral acids (degrad.)
Acetic acid, W (pH < 6.5)
W
DiI. trichloroacetic acid
W (warm)
W
o-Dichlorobenzene (hot)
DiL alkali solution, alkaline
solution of ammonium sulfate, W
W
DiI. acids, W
W
W
Nonsolvents
Refs.
Organic hydrophobic compounds, W

Organic hydrophobic compounds, W
Aqu. alkali, organic hydrophobic
compounds
DiI. acids, organic solvents
694
363
Alcohol
Alcohol
Acetone, alcohol
606
607
363
363
363
Acetone, cyclohexanone, ethyl acetate,

hexane, methanol
Acetic acid, acetone, alcohol
608
363
609
363
609
610
Alcohol
7.6. NATURAL RESINS

Colophony
Copal
Shellac
Zein
a
Acetone, aromatic hydrocarbons

(partially), carbon tetrachloride,
chloroform, diethyl ether,
ethanol, ethyl acetate, methanol
Acetone (25-90%)", bzn. (35-60%)",
carbon tetrachloride (15-40%),
chloroform (30-90%)*,
diethyl ether (10-90%)fl,
ethanol (20-100%),
hydrocarbons (10-55%),
methanol (20-70%)
Acetone (50-80%)*, bzn. (10-20%), Aliphatic hydrocarbons
carbon tetrachloride (5-15%),
chloroform (25-40%),
diethyl ether (10-25%),
ethanol (85-98%), methanol (100%)
Aqu. alcohols, glycols, DMF
30
30
30
32
Percentage soluble, depending on source.
TABLE 8. INORGANIC POLYMERS

Polymer
Poly(phosphorus nitrile chloride)
Poly(sodium-m-phosphate)
Poly(tri-/i-butyl tin fluoride)
Poly(phosphoryldimethylamide)
Poly(2,5-selenienylene)
PoIy[Tj 5-(vinylcyclopentadienyl)tricarbonylmethyltungsten]
Poly(n-dibutyl stannane)
Solvents
Bzn., carbon tetrachloride, chloroform,
cyclohexane
Aqu. sol. of LiCl, NaCl or NH4Cl
Carbon tetrachloride (hot), W
Chloroform, THF
Nonsolvents
Refs.
611
Acetone, ethanol, W
612
259
613
614
615
616
Acetone
Methanol, W
Hexane
Methanol
TABLE 9. POLY(ELECTROLYTES)
Polymer
Poly(allyammonium chloride)
Poly(allylammonium phosphate)
Poly (dial lyldimethylammonium chloride)
Poly(benzyltrimethylammonium chloride)
Poly(diallyldimethylamrnonium chloride-cc-Afisopropylacrylamide), (2:98)
Poly (sodium trimethyleneoxyethylenesulfonate)
Poly[dimethyldodecyl(2-acrylamidoethyl)
ammonium bromide]
Poly(4-/V-butylpyridiniumethylene bromide)
Solvents
Nonsolvents
Refs.
W
HCl, W
W
W
W
Methanol
Methanol, W
617
617
618
32
619
DMSO, W
W
Bzn., hexane
620
701
Bzn., hexane
621
Methylene chloride
tert-Butyi methyl ether
Ethyl acetate
687
583
622
623
Diethyl ether
624
Hexane, methanol, THF, toluene
625
Benzyl alcohol, DMSO,

nitromethane, W
Poly(2-/V-methylpyridiniumethylene iodine)
Methanol, W
Poly(Af-methylpyridinium-2,5-diylethenylene)
DMF, DMSO, NMP, W
Poly(4,4/-bipyridiniumdiyl-N,A^/-decamethylene dibromide) DMF/methanol, W
PoIy(1,4-pyridiniumdiyl-A'r,A^/-tetramethyleneEthanol
4,1 -pyridiniumdiylethenylene methylsulfate)
Poly(2,6-diphenyl-l,4-pyridiniumdiyl-yV,A^/DMA, DMF, DMSO, NMP
1,4-phenylene-4,1 -pyridiniumdiyl-1,4-phenylene)
Poly|ethyldipropargyl-4-sulfobutyl ammonium betainej
Formic acid, W
TABLE 10. BLOCK COPOLYMERS

(alphabetically listed)
Polymer
Poly(f-butyl methacrylate)-b-polystyrene-b-poly(f-butyl
methacrylate) ( 1 : 6 : 1 )
Poly(f-butyl methacrylate)-b-poly(oxytetramethylene)b-poly(butyl methacrylate) ( 2 : 6 : 2 to 4 : 2 : 4 )
Poly(butyl acrylate)-b-poly[3-(pentamethyldisiloxy)propyl
methacrylate] (3:1)
Poly(butyl vinyl ether)-b-poly(2-ethyloxazoline)
Poly(2-cinnamoylethyl methacrylate)-bpoly(acrylic acid) (4:5)
Poly(e-caprolactone)-b-poly(oxytetramethylene)b-poly(e-caprolactone) (4: 2 : 4 to 1:3:1)
Poly(dimethylsiloxane)-b-poly(6-aminohexanoic acid)
(1:2)
Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-b-poly(lactic acid) (3 :2 to 2 :4),
Poly (Af-proponyliminoethylene)-b-poly (oxy-1 -oxo2-methylethylene)
Poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid)-b-poly(e-caprolactone)
( 3 : 5 to 2 : 1 )
Polyisobutylene-b-poly(a-tnethylstyrene) (9: 1)
PolyOmethacrylic acid)-b-polystyreneb-poly(methacrylic acid) ( 1 : 8 : 1 )
Poly(3-methyl-2,5-thiophenediyl)b-poly(2-vinylpyrrolidone)
Poly(oxy-2,2-di(chloromethyl)trimethlylene)b-poly(oxytetramethylene)-b-poiyoxy2,2-di(chloromethyl)trimethylene (7 : 86:7)
Poly(oxytetramethylene)-b-poly(e-caprolactone) (1:4)
Polystyrene-b-polybutadiene-b-polystyrene)
( 7 : 8 6 : 7 to 15:70: 15)
Polystyrene-b-poly(terr-butyl methacrylate) (2: 3 to 4 : 1 )
Polystyrene-b-poly(dimethylsiloxane) (1:1)
(1 :9 to 7:3)
Solvents
Dioxane
Nonsolvents
Hexane
Refs.
626
Toluene
627
THF
628
Chlorobenzene, THF
Methanol, methylene chloride
Hexanes
Isopropanol/hexane (3/7)
629
630
THF, toluene
631
2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol
632
Chlorobenzene
Hexane
633
Chloroform
Methanol
634
Chloroform
Dioxane
Methanol
Hexane
635
626
Anisole
636
Methylene chloride
637
THF, toluene
Toluene
638
639
Dioxane
THF
Bzn./2-methoxyethyl ether, dioxane
Hexane
Methanol
Methanol, W
626
350
640
TABLE 10. cont'd

Polymer
Polystyrene-b-poly(ethylene/butylene)-b-polystyrene
( 1 : 8 : 1 to 1:3:1)
Polystyrene-b-poly(ethylene/propylene) (3:7)
Polystyrene-b-(/v*-ethyl-2-ethynylpyridinium
trifluoromethanesulfonate) ( 8 : 1 )
Polystyrene-b-poly(hexyl isocyanate) (1:4)
Polystyrene-b-poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (2:3)
Polystyrene-b-polyisoprene (1:1)
Polystyrene-b-polyisoprene-b-polystyrene
(1 : 12: 1 to 2 : 1: 2)
Polystyrene-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) (7:3)

Polystyrene-b-poly(methylphenylsiloxane) (3:2)
Polystyrene-b-poly(methyl vinyl ether) (2:1)
Polystyrene-b-poly(4-vinylpyridine) (5:1)
Polystyrene-b-poly(2-vinylpyridine) ( 1 : 1 to 6 : 1 )
Polystyrene-b-poly(vinylpyridine) (1:1)
Polypropylene-b-poly(methacrylic acid) (2:1)
Solvents
Nonsolvents
Toluene
Refs.
641,642
THF
Diethyl ether/petroleum ether (1/1),
THF
Carbon tetrachloride, chloroform,
toluene
DMF, THF
Dioctyl phthalate
MEK/isobutyl isobutyrate,
methylcylcohexane/methylene
chloride (3/2), methyl amyl
ketone, methylene chloride, xylene
Toluene
Cyclohexane
Methylene chloride
THF
Bzn.
THF
Dioxane, THF, toluene
643
644
645
646
647
639,
548-650
Hexanes
Hexane/methanol (8/2)
Hexane
Methanol
7,698
651
652
653
654
655
653,626
Nonsolvents
Refs.
TABLE 11. DENDRIMERS

Polymer
Solvents
DMSO, methanol, THF (partially), W
656
THF
657
Methylene chloride, most organic

solvents
Acetone, DMSO
Hexane, W
689
Toluene
hyperbranched
Lower alcohols, ethyl acetate, W

Alcohol, glycols, W
Acetone, chloroform
659
Hydrocarbons
W
THF, toluene
Bzn., chloroform, cyclohexane,

methylene chloride
658,684
683
660
661,685
Methanol
662
287
TABLE 11.
cont'd
Polymer
Solvents
Nonsolvents
Refs.
THF
Methanol
663
THF
Methanol
664
DMF, NMP, THF
665
666,667
Chloroform
Methanol
668
THF
Methanol
669
THF
Ethyl acetate, chloroform, DMF,

DMSO, methylene chloride,
THF, toluene
670
DMF, DMSO, THF

Methylene chloride
671
524
THF
Diethyl ether, W
672
DMF
673
NMP, THF
695
D.
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477. E. Bonaplata et al., ACS Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng., 70, 405
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623. P. Cheng et al., ACS Polymer Preprints, 32 (1), 138 (1991).
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519 (1994).
625. D.-C. Choi et al., Macromolecules, 30, 176 (1997).
626. A. Qin et al., Macromolecules, 27, 120 (1994).
627. R. Nomura et al., Macromolecules, 28, 86 (1995).
628. A. H. Gabor, C. K. Ober, ACS Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng., 72,
104 (1995).
629. O. Liu et al., ACS Polymer Preprints, 33 (1), 215 (1992).
630. F. Henselwood, G. Liu, Macromolecules, 30, 488 (1997).
631. R. Numora, T. Endo, Macromolecules, 28, 5372 (1995).
632. X. Chen, J. A. Gardella, ACS Polymer Preprints, 33 (2), 312
(1992).
633. C. Kim et al., ACS Polymer Preprints, 37 (2), 159 (1996).
634. M. S. Reeve, ACS Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng., 67, 182 (1992).
635. D. Li, R. Faust, Macromolecules, 28, 1383 (1995).
636. J. Li et al., ACS Polymer Preprints, 36 (2), 388 (1995).
637. G.-H. Hsiue et al., ACS Polymer Preprints, 33 (2), 212
(1992).
638. R. Nomura, T. Endo, Macromolecules, 28, 1754 (1995).
639. Trade literature, Shell Chemical Co., Houston, TX.
640. J. H. Chu et al., ACS Polymer Preprints, 36 (2), 122 (1995).
641. M. Motomatsu et al., ACS Polymer Preprints, 37 (2), 579
(1996).
642. B. S. Pinheiro, K. I. Winey, ACS Polymer Preprints, 36 (1),
174 (1995).
643. D. Hajduk et al., Macromolecules, 27, 490 (1994).
644. L. Balogh, L. A. Blumstein, ACS Polymer Preprints, 36 (2),
211 (1995).
645. J. T. Chen et al., Macromolecules, 28, 1688 (1995).
646. S. Nakahama et al., ACS Polymer Preprints, 36 (1), 57
(1995).
647. X. Jin, T. Lodge, ACS Polymer Preprints, 36 (1), 168 (1995).
648. R. F. Story, D. W. Baugh, ACS Polymer Preprints, 36 (1),
414 (1995).
649. Z. Fodor, R. Faust, ACS Polymer Preprints, 36 (2), 176
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650. X. Chen et al., ACS Polymer Preprints, 38 (1), 715 (1997).
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Y. Gan, T. E. Hogen-Esch, ACS Polymer Preprints, 36 (1),
406 (1995).
Y. Gan et al., ACS Polymer Preprints 1993,34 (1), 69 (1993).
T. K. Bera et al., ACS Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng., 77, 126
(1997).
H. R. Allcock et al., Macromolecules, 30, 3184 (1997).
I. Ihre, A. HuIt, ACS Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng., 77,71 (1997).
S. Rannard, N. Davis, ACS Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng., 77, 63
(1997).
Trade literature, DSM Fine Chemicals, Heerlen, NL.
L. J. Hobson et al., ACS Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng., 77, 220
(1997).
Y. H. Kim, ACS Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng., 73, 175 (1995).
C. Kim et al., Macromolecules, 29, 6353 (1996).
P. Lu et al., ACS Polymer Preprints, 37 (2), 342 (1996).
C. J. Hawker, F. Chu, Macromolecules, 29, 4370 (1996).
C. J. Hawker, ACS Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng., 76, 152
(1997).
J. P Kampf, ACS Polymer Preprints, 38 (1), 908 (1997).
M. R. Leduc et al., ACS Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng., 77, 1
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W. Hayes et al., ACS Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng., 77, 143
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E. W. Kwock et al., ACS Polymer Preprints 1991,32 (3), 635
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S p e c i f i c
o f
R e f r a c t i v e
P o l y m e r s
i n
I n d e x
D i l u t e
I n c r e m e n t s
S o l u t i o n *
S. M i c h i e l s e n
School of Textile and Fiber Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
A.
B.
C.
D.
Introduction
VU-547
Introduction from the Third Edition
VII-547
Refractometric Calibration Data
VII-550
Tables of Specific Refractive Index Increments
of Polymer Solutions
VII-551
Polymers
VII-551
1.1. Poly(dienes)
VII-551
1.2. Poly(alkenes)
VII-553
Derivatives
VII-557
1.4. Poly(methacrylic acid) and
Derivatives
VII-561
1.5. Other a- or p-Substituted
Poly(acrylics) and
Poly(methacrylics)
VII-573
1.6. Poly(styrenes)
VII-574
VII-588
Table 2. Main-Chain Cyclic Carbon Polymers VII-594
VII-594
3.1. C - O - C Polymers (Poly(oxides),
Poly(esters), and Others)
VII-594
3.2. C-S-C Polymers (Poly(sulfones)
and Others)
VII-599
3.3. C - N - C Polymers (Poly(amides),
Poly(isocyanates), Poly(urethanes),
and Others)
VII-600
VII-604
3.5. Poly(silanes) and Poly(silazanes) Vll-606
3.6. Poly(heterocyclics) and Others VII-608
Table 4. Cellulose and Derivatives
VII-609
VII-611
E. References
VII-615
trend of using XQ = 633 nm from the HeNe laser continues

and thus the 633 nm data has been given its own column in
this compilation. As in the previous edition, most
copolymer data has not been included.
Perhaps the most significant change since the previous
edition is the coupling of size exclusion chromatography
(SEC) with multiple detectors, largely eliminating the need
for v for obtaining molecular weights. In addition, the
measurement of the specific refractive index increment has
become so routine that many authors no longer report the
results of these measurements. These two factors combine
to reduce the number of new entries to a mere 46 new
references and about 160 new entries.
Finally, the excellent introduction written by Huglin for
the third edition has been retained in its entirety and follows
this brief introduction.
B.
INTRODUCTION FROM THE THIRD EDITION
This is the limiting value at c 0 of the quantity

(n no)/c, where n and no are the refractive indices of
the solution and solvent, respectively, and c (g/ml) denotes
the concentration of the polymer in solution. Conditions of
constant pressure p, constant temperature T, and a fixed
wavelength of light in vacuum, Ao, are implied. Specific
refractive index increments are required to determine the
weight-average molecular weight, Af w , of a polymer and
the second virial coefficient, Aj, of a polymer in solution,
using the light scattering equation.
(Al)
where
(A2)
A.
INTRODUCTION
This section presents a compilation of the specific index of

refraction increments, v = dn/dc, of polymer solutions.
This table has been updated since the third edition. The
* Based on a table by M. B. Huglin in the 3rd ed. of the Polymer Handbook.
Here, c is the concentration of the polymer in solution

(g/ml) RQ (cm" 1 ) is the reduced intensity at an angle 0,
P(O), is the particle scattering function, A2 is expressed in
molcrnVg 2 , /VA (mol" 1 ) is the Avogadro number. Because
u appears as a squared term, an error of E% in v will result

in an error of 2E% in the derived molecular weight, and
consequently an accurate determination of v is imperative.
Examination of reported data discloses that about 20
different values of Ao have been used by different workers,
this increase over the earlier more restricted number being
due to growing use of various laser light sources. The
values of the constant K appropriate to nine common values
of Ao are as follows:
1 0 7 X A 0 (cm)
366
403
436
488
514
546
578
633
1086
10 6 x K (cm~ 4 mol)
Vp, = i/B- However, it is not possible to derive the

molecular weights M A and M B of the constituent portions
or the heterogeneity parameters P and Q. If vA / isB, an
apparent value of M is obtained. Tuzar et al. (8) have
summarized the criteria for the most sensitive characterization of a copolymer:
Quantity to be
determined
Criterion
vA and ^B frtn large and of same sign;
MA
MB
Q
V A large and i/B = 0

^ B large and z/A = 0
i/ = 0
Of UA = ^B
18.3
12.4
9.07
5.78
4.69
3.69
2.94
2.04
0.236
For a copolymer comprising monomers A and B or a

terpolymer comprising units A, B and C, the specific
increment is an additive function of the composition of the
polymer expressed in terms of weight fractions w. Thus,
Equations (A3) and (A4) have been verified with copolymer

samples of known composition (5,6). In studies on
terpolymerization, Kambe and Honda (7,897) have found
that the value of v, from monomer feeds other than the
azeotropic composition, changes with conversion, on
account of a composition distribution. On the other hand,
a constant value of v, independent of conversion, is yielded
for the azeotropic case in which feed and polymer have the
same composition. When vA and vB differ appreciably in a
given solvent, Eq. (A3) affords a convenient means of
estimating composition from the measured value of v. If
this is not the situation, it is possible to introduce changes in
the specific increment by using mixed solvents. The appropriate specific increment to be utilized in light scattering is
then v^ that is, one at constant potential of low molecular
weight solvent. V11 is measured after dialysis equilibrium
between solution and pure mixed solvent, v and V11 allow
one to obtain the coefficient of preferential adsorption 71
(ml/g) of the liquid (solvent 1) in the binary solvent
mixture, which has a greater affinity for the polymer:
(A5)
In Eq. (A5), dno/d(/) 1 is the variation of the refractive index
of the mixed solvent, with its composition expressed in
terms of the volume fraction <j>\ of liquid 1.
For a copolymer derived from A and B, light scattering
always yields the true value of the molecular weight M if
Normally, these conditions cannot be satisfied by using

single solvents alone, and recourse must be made to using
mixed solvents and employing i/M, (v^)^ and (y^)fi of the
appropriate composition to satisfy them.
The concentration dependence of v is expressed by the
coefficient a2, in Eq. (A6).
(A6)
Lorimer (1) has derived an expression for coefficient a 2 in
terms of no, v, and the concentration dependence of the
partial specific volume of the polymer in solution, V2.
However, within the range of c normally used to measure v,
the value of a2 is usually close to zero. Expressions have
also been formulated for v in terms of HQ, VI, and the
refractive index of the polymer in solution, n2. These afford
an indirect means of obtaining TJ2 from an experimental
value of v (see Refs. 2-5). Actually v2 can now be
measured to a very high level of accuracy with the Kratky
digital densimeter, provided there is an appreciable
difference between the densities of polymer and solvent.
The main uncertainty or difficulty lies in the value of n 2 ,
when one wishes to calculate v via v2.
1.
Measurement and Calibration
Experimental methods and refinements have been summarized elsewhere (4). The main approaches are given below.
lnterferometry
In this absolute method, light beams of
identical geometrical paths traverse two different optical
paths and the number (/) of displaced fringes is measured
by an optical compensator. If / is the length of the troughs,
(n no) is given by
(A7)
When (n TIQ) is very small, for example, in extremely
dilute solutions, the accuracy can be enhanced by increasing the trough length. A range of troughs of different
lengths is normally available with a commercial instrument.
The slope of a plot/versus c, when multiplied by (//A 0 ),
yields the value of v. Baltog et al. (10) have developed an

improved cell which prevents the formation of a liquid film
at the central surface with the trough, thus enabling
accurate measurements to be made with volatile liquids.
Differences in the dispersion of the refractive index of
the solvent and the solute can lead to discontinuities in the
plot of / versus c. This problem can be overcome by
measuring / for a large number of solutions of gradually
increasing concentration, i.e., by the dropwise addition of
concentrated polymer solution to pure solvent (5,11).
Differential Refractometry
This relies on the image
displacement AX of beams from the light source, which
traverse pure solvent and polymer solution in a divided cell.
Adequate temperature control is necessary and it is
essential to utilize a stoppered cell to prevent solvent
"creep". The method is not an absolute one and
necessitates calibration with solutions of accurately known
(ft - fto), so that the calibration constant k can be
determined for the apparatus:
A0 = 633 nm and C in g salt/100 g water (Ref. 942):
Also, for Ao = 1086 nm and C expressed in g salt/100 ml

solution, the following holds at 20 0 C (Ref. 943):
Mandel and coworkers (722) have calibrated the

Chromatix differential refractometer for Ao = 633 nm and
have also indicated the range over which AX is directly
proportional to (ft fto). Values of the latter quantity were
interpolated to Ao = 633 nm via a Cauchy dispersion from
the values at other wavelengths in Section C. Within the
interval 3.6>C>0.46g salt/100g water, the following
polynomial was found for aq. NaCl at 633 nm
(A8)
In Eq. (A8), n is the refractive index of the solution of
calibrant, and fto that of the solvent. The value of k
decreases slightly with increase in Ao and must therefore be
re-determined if measurements are to be conducted at a
different wavelength. A selection of useful calibration data
(all involving aqueous solutions) has been gathered from
several sources in the literature and is given in Section C.
The Brice-Phoenix differential cell is satisfactory for
liquids having refractive indices not in excess of about 1.60.
At higher values than this, the slit image disappears from
the field of vision because of total reflection in the glass
partition dividing the cell. Kratochvil and Babka (9) have
described a useful modification whereby the partition is
replaced with glass of a higher refractive index. This
extends the useful range of the different refractometers so
that even such highly refractive liquids as 1-bromonaphthalene can be accomodated.
The calibration data at A o = 436 nm for aq. KCl in
Section C have been fitted by Abdel-Azim and Huglin
(676) to the following polynomial in which C is the
concentration expressed is g salt/100 g water
(ft - ft0) x 10 6 - 1.862 + 1415.8C - 17.699C 2 + 0.428C 3
Some light scattering and refractometric data relating to
wavelengths different from those in Section C have been
summarized elsewhere (833). The most common light
source for recent light scattering studies is probably the
He-Ne laser affording Ao = 633 nm. At this Ao, directly
measured specific refractive index increments for certain
aqueous salt solutions have been reported. On the
assumption of direct proportionality between (ft fto) and
concentration, these may be represented as follows for
Abbreviations/Symbols Used
Arochlor
(B)
Cadoxen
Calgon
Cuoxam
Cuoxen
DCA
DMA
DMSO
DN
DS
EDTA
FeTNa
Freon 113
GHCl
Halothane
HEMA
HMP
/
M
MEK
MMA
TEAB
TFP
THF
Versene
(/u)
(approximately) Chlorinated diphenyl

Branched polymer
Triethylenediamine cadmium hydroxide
Sodium hexametaphosphate
Cuprammonium hydroxide
Cupriethylenediamine hydroxide
Dichloroacetic acid
/V,N-Dimethylacetamide
Dimethyl sulfoxide
Degree of neutralization (also a)
Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid
Iron-tartaric acid-sodium complex solution
l-Fluorodichloro-2-chlorodifluoroethane
Guanidine hydrochloride
1,1,1 -Trifluoro-2-chloro-2-bromoethane
2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate
Hexamethyl phosphoramide
Ionic strength
Relative molar mass (M) or molarity (M),
according to context
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl methacrylate
Tetraethyl ammonium bromide
2,2',3,3 '-Tetrafluoropropanol
Tetrahydrofuran
Sodium salt of EDTA
Specific increment measured at dialysis
equilibrium
C.
REFRACTOMETRIC CALIBRATION DATA

(n - n0 ) ( x 106 )
Concentration
Solute
NaCl
NH4NO3
Na2SO4
SrCl2
KCl
Sucrose
(g/100 g water)
Temp* (0C)
0.0938
0.1034
0.3362
0.5602
0.6866
0.9090
1.1240
1.6465
2.0327
3.7307
6.7405
0.07878
0.1671
0.3433
1.0314
2.8884
5.8417
0.09566
0.2198
0.2686
0.3939
0.7508
1.2640
1.5417
2.5322
5.7875
0.08474
0.1749
0.2430
0.3580
0.0696
0.1067
0.2799
0.5964
1.0794
1.4911
2.9821
3.9969
4.4732
5.9642
6.4680
0.100
0.09412
0.1037
0.3375
0.5627
0.6900
0.9142
1.1311
1.6595
2.0513
3.7854
6.9092
0.07906
0.1677
0.3450
1.0408
2.9479
6.0732
0.09595
0.2205
0.2694
0.3952
0.7536
1.2693
1.5488
2.5471
5.8500
0.08506
0.1755
0.2437
0.3591
0.0699
0.1070
0.2812
0.5994
1.0869
1.5037
3.0250
4.0703
4.5647
6.1217
3.6526
0.100
0.200
0.200
0.300
0.301
0.400
0.402
0.500
0.502
0.600
0.604
0.701
0.705
0.801
0.806
0.902
0.9082
1.002
1.010
1.506
1.523
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
20
28
20
28
20
28
20
28
20
28
20
28
20
28
20
28
20
28
20
28
20
(g/100 ml solution)
436 n m
546 n m
173
190
614
1019
1246
1645
2028
2954
3634
6583
11673
103.5
218.9
448.5
1336
3702
7410
153.1
349.0
425.3
620.1
1168
1940
2352
3796
8309
159.8
328.5
455.5
669.2
100
153
399
845
1521
2093
4135
5500
6136
8105
8763
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
166
184
592
982
1202
1586
1956
2848
3504
6345
11247
98.77
208.9
428.0
1275
3531
7066
151.0
344.1
419.3
611.5
1151
1913
2319
3744
8195
155.1
318.9
442.2
649.6
96
148
386
817
1469
2022
3994
5314
5926
7828
8465
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
578 n m
589 n m
165
182
588
976
1194
1576
1943
2830
3481
6306
11174
96
147
383
812
1460
2009
3969
5281
5890
7781
8414
-
165
182
587
974
1191
1572
1939
2824
3474
6293
11151
97.73
206.7
423.5
1262
3494
6992
150.5
343.0
417.9
609.4
1148
1906
2311
3731
8168
154.1
316.7
439.1
645.1
96
146
382
810
1457
2005
3962
5271
5879
7766
8398
140
140
290
290
430
430
580
570
720
720
860
860
1010
1000
1150
1140
1300
1290
1440
1430
2160
(n - no) ( x 106)
Concentration
Solute
(g/100 ml solution)
2.012
2.041
3.030
3.093
3.52
4.056
4.167
5.089
5.263
6.14
7.181
7.527
8.240
8.696
9.306
9.890
10.6
16.3
D.
Temp. (0C)
(g/100 g water)
436 n m
28
20
28
20
28
25
20
28
20
28
25
20
28
20
28
20
28
25
25
546 n m
5100
8900
15400
23600
578 n m
589 n m
2150
2890
2870
4340
4300
5000
5810
5760
7280
7220
8800
10270
10190
11780
11680
13300
13190
15200
23200
TABLES OF SPECIFIC REFRACTIVE INDEX INCREMENTS OF POLYMER SOLUTIONS

dw/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
A0 = 436nm
X0 = 546nm
A0 = 633nm
Others
T (0C)
Refs.
1.1. POLY(DIENES)
PoIy(1,3-butadiene)
Benzene
0.0117
0.022
Bromoform
1-Bromonaphthalene
Chloroform
Cyclohexane
pure 1,4
pure 1,2
hydroxyl terminated and

acetyl terminated
98% cis 1,4
98% trans 1,4
7% vinyl-99% vinyl
high 1,4; M = 0.96 x 103
to 90.6 xlO 3
hydroxyl terminated and
acetyl terminated
Diethyl ketone
w-Heptane
THF
Chloroform
Chloroform
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexanone
1,2-Dichloroethane
n-Heptane
Hexane
Isobutyl acetate
MEK
5-Methyl-2-hexanone
3-Pentanone
THF
Toluene
0.144
0.126
0.121
0.092
0.156
0.151
0.011
0.0086
0.021
0.115
0.185
0.083
20
25
0.118
0.113
0.087
0.092
0.096
0.141
0.132
0.087
0.093
0.127
0.118
25
25
25
0.106
0.111
0.110
0.110-0.087
0.094-0.Ill
0.092
0.157
0.177
0.149
0.165
0.125
0.145
0.081
0.088
0.150
0.169
0.143
0.159
0.120
0.139
0.034
0.031
0.130
25
37
20
25
30
30
30
30
25
25
25
35
20.5
26
12.6
10.3
23
25
57
58
647
58
58
58
59,60
61
62
62
63
61
57
859
859
835
647
836
836
836
836
647
647
859
859
859
859
859
859
830
647
TABLE 1. cont'd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Poly(chloroprene)
Solvent
n-Butyl acetate
trans-Dccalm
MEK
A 0 = 436 nm
0.146
0.0976
0.0799
0.0820
0.0777
0.160
0.162
Poly(cyclopentadiene)
Poly(isoprene)
97.8% cis 1,4
73-80% cis 1,4
Poly(isoprene) anionically
polymerized
Benzene
Bromobenzene
0.0143
Chloroform
oChlorotoluene
Cyclohexane
0.100
Others
T( 0 C)
25
25
25
40
10
25
25
0.0394
0.125
21
21
0.0194
-0.041
20
20
25
58
73
964
25
20
20
23
68
73
73
34
59
74,75
69
69
69
68
68
68
68
70
70
69
73
68
73
7374
70
70
71
34
73
68
72
655
655
655
704
835
0.156
0.095
-0.003
0.104
0.1034
0.117
Cyclohexene
0.0988
0.0992
0.0953
0.0914
Decalin
w-Hexane
0.0669
(non-extracted)
(extracted)
0.1886
73-80% cis 1,4
cyclic
cw 1,4

THF
70-75% cw 1,4
73-80% cis 1,4
Toluene
chlorinated
synthetic high cis
natural hevea
natural guayule
MEK
Chloroform
0.131
0.1238
0.124
0.117
0.0943
0.0947
0.0909
0.0869
0.145
0.0946
0.0605
0.168
0.1802
0.139
0.156
0.128
0.128
25
27
7
25
27
17
7
20
20
25
20
25
20
20
20
19-21
35
20
25
35
25
25
25
35
20
0.160 (calc.)
Cyclohexane
0.0308
0.131
0.104
0.106
0.108
0.117
0.0308
0.028
0.0339
0.100
0.104
0.101
0.106
trans \A
star branched
93% 1,4- M = 0.9 x 103 - 10.1 x 103
93% 1,4- M> 19.5 XlO 3
synthetic high cis
n-Hexane
natural hevea
natural guayule
THF
synthetic, high cis
natural hevea
natural guayule
synthetic
Toluene
natural hevea
natural guayuie
Poly(trichlorobutadiene)
Benzene
Refs.
64
64
64
64
64
64
65
66
66
67
67
0.082
0.1305
73-80% cis 1,4
A0 = 633 nm
0.152
0.138
THF
Benzene
73-80% cis 1,4

73-80% cis 1,4
70-75% cis 1,4
trans
cyclic
A0 = 546 nm
0 U 7
30
838
0.06
25
25
25
25
25
25
20
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
833
833
833
655
655
655
835
655
655
655
655
655
655
76
0.104-0.113
0.093-0.105
0.106
0.192
0.200
0.198
0.191
0.198
0.193
0.153
0.160
0.157
0.030
0.034
0.033
0.148
0.156
0.153
0.028
0.032
0.030
0.124
TABLE 1. cont'd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
A0 = 436nm
A0 = 546 nm
X0 = 633 nm
Others
T (0C)
Refs.
1.2. POLY(ALKENES)
PoIy(I-butene)
isotactic
n-Nonane
1-Chloronaphthalene
0.092
0.108
-0.206
35
80
135
135
135
25
13
13
867
867
867
621
-0.078
-0.107(403)
-0.085(578)
-0.101(403)
-0.080(578)
35
35
35
35
35
135
135
123.2
135
135
135
135
767
767
767
767
767
867
867
14
863
863
863
863
-0.205
-0.207(578)
135
135
863
863
-0.187
-0.183(578)
-0.177
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane/n-propanol
(10/90, v/v)
(20/80, v/v)
(30/70, v/v)
(35/65, v/v)
0.074
- 0.120
0.068
0.072
0.072
0.075
0.079
- 0.108
-0.103
Poly(ethylene)
Biphenyl
Bromobenzene
-0.101
-0.174
-0.089
-0.083
B
B
B
-0.095
1-Bromonaphthalene
B
B
B
B
-0.083
-0.208
-0.210
-0.208(578)
-0.206
-0.076
(?-Chlorobenzene
1-Chloronaphthalene
-0.195
-0.199
-0.198
-0.197
-0.188
-0.195
-0.1957
-0.193
-0.192
-0.195
-0.191
-0.214
- 0.245
Mn=
- 0.127 (403)
-0.105(578)
12300
13500
18300
25200
110000
112000
-0.1967
-0.1955
-0.191
-0.1931
-0.1929
-0.1932
-0.1916
-0.1883
-0.1879
-0.190
-0.1956
-0.1961
-0.191
-0.189
-0.1967
-0.187
-0.1943
-0.193
-0.192
-0.191
-0.191
135
863
135
863
135
863
135
863
65-80
15
90
16,17
90
18
100
19
105
20,21
110
19
114
23
120
19
125
24
125
25,18
125
16
125
26
125
27
127
23
128
23
130
19
135
22
135
22
135
22
135
22
135
22
135
22
135
17,28
139
23
140
23
140
25
140
19
145
23
150
19
151
23
115
832,917
120
931
125
931
127
610
TABLE 1. cont'd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
A0 = 436nm
-0.215
increase with M
B
B
B
-0.212
n-Decane
0.114
A0 = 546nm
A0 = 633nm
-0.192
-0.183
-0.192
-0.191
-0.193
-0.196
-0.188 to-0.193
0.195 to-0.192
-0.193 to-0.188
-0.189
-0.178
-0.190
-0.196
-0.177
-0.195
0.0881
0.0890
0.0901
0.0917
0.0870
0.0881
0.095
0.0915
0.0922
0.0937
0.0955
0.0971
0.0985
0.0979
0.0995
0.113
0.121
0.117
0.126
0.121
0.132
0.126
0.117
0.114
0.120
0.118
0.112
B
B
0.116
Others
-0.188(578)
-0.184(578)
0.114(404)
0.112(577)
0.119(404)
0.116(577)
0.123(404)
0.120(577)
0.130(404)
0.124(577)
0.119(403)
0.113(578)
0.122(403)
0.117(578)
T (0C)
Refs.
135
863,867
135
866
135
932
135 832,917,934
135
631
135
815,914
135
933
135
914
135
863,867
135
863,867
140
935,936
145
934
145
864
937,938
65
15
70
15
75
15
80
15
111
23
114
23
115
24
120
23
125
23
130
23
138
23
139
23
143
23
146
23
149
23
106
632
106
632
106
632
106
832
106
832
106
832
106
832
106
832
135
863
135
863
135
863
135
863
B
p-Dibromobenzene
- 0.179
0.098
- 0.162
-0.176
-0.159
140
135
135
135
135
935
863
863
863
863
-0.165
-0.215(403)
-0.172(578)
-0.212(403)
-0.169(578)
120
120
135
135
135
135
135
123
127
127
127
127
939
29
864
863
863
863
863
939
863
863
863
863
-0.163
-0.209(403)
-0.168(578)
135
135
863
863
-0.155
B
B
-0.153
- 0.184 (403)
-0.159(578)
-0.182(403)
-0.157(578)
B
0-Dichlorobenzene
-0.078
0.078
-0.056
-0.095
-0.083
-0.078
-0.091
-0.081
-0.202
-0.174
-0.176
Diphenyl
-0.166
B
B
B
-0.199
-0.195
-0.173
-0.172
-0.101(403)
-0.080(578)
-0.099(403)
-0.078(578)
TABLE 1. cont'd
dw/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
B
B
B
;vO = 436nm
-0.192
^0 = 546 nm
A0 = 633 nm
-0.167
863
863
-0.155(403)
-0.127(578)
-0.142(403)
-0.118(578)
142
142
142
142
142
863
866
863
863
863
0.049 (403)
0.046(578)
0.050(403)
0.047 (578)
137
137
137
137
863
863
863
863
-0.220(403)
-0.172(578)
-0.211(403)
-0.164(578)
135
135
135
135
863
863
863
863
-0.001(403)
-0.001(578)
0.001 (403)
0.001 (578)
135
135
135
135
863
863
863
863
-0.075
120
931
-0.074
-0.094
-0.094
- 0.077
-0.074
- 0.091 (403)
-0.075(578)
125
125
129
135
135
931
940
941
863
863
- 0.071
-0.089(403)
- 0.073 (578)
135
135
863
863
50
80
81.5
81.5
95
95
100
104
105
105
105
105
105
110
116
119
125
128
138
144
135
135
135
135
135
135
135
135
15
15
30,20
25
23
23
23
23
25
21*
29*
29*
29*
23
23
23
15
23
23
23
631
746,900
863,867
863,867
864
866
863,867
863,867
-0.146
-0.129
-0.126
-0.135
-0.120
-0.116
i-Dodecanol
0.048
0.046
0.045
B
B
B
0.049
0.047
0.047
1 -Methylnaphthalene
-0.206
-0.177
-0.167
B
B
B
-0.199
-0.170
-0.159
Paraffin oil
-0.001
-0.001
-0.001
B
B
B
0.001
0.001
0.001
Tetralin
- 0.087
B
B
B
-0.085
-0.075
-0.0834
-0.0811
0.104
-0.0887
-0.0805
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzetie
-0.125
-0.075
-0.0910
-0.0918
- 0.0903
-0.893
-0.0691
-0.100
-0.078
-0.072
-0.083
-0.088
-0.0866
-0.0858
-0.075
- 0.0837
-0.0813
-0.0801
-0.106
-0.116
-0.107
-0.104
B
B
-0.177
Refs.
135
135
-0.126
B
B
B
T( 0 C)
-0.207(403)
-0.163(578)
-0.158(633)
Diphenylmethane
Others
-0.111
-0.105
-0.102
-0.109(488)
-0.130(403)
-0.108(578)
-0.122(403)
-0.103(578)
* Values reported erroneously as positive in these references.
TABLE 1.
cont'd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
B
increase with M
Mn=
2000
18400
34000
77000
110000
Poly(hexene-l)
Poly(isobutylene)
Solvent
A0 = 436nm
X0 = 546nm
A0 = 633nm
Others
- 0.109 to - 0.106
-0.1085
-0.1085
-0.1082
-0.1073
-0.1063
Cyclohexane
Toluene
Benzene
Cyclohexane
-0.063
-0.042
-0.007
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
0.067
0.0285 + 2.08 0.0198 + 2.29
XlO" 4 T(K)
x 10" 4 7(K)
0.0991
0.0966
-0.146
-0.131
0.043
0.0374
0.1036
0.124
0.167
0.135
0.140
0.1422
0.1008
0.155
0.1066
0.1091
0.1129
0.140
0.105
0.099
Cyclohexane
1-Chloronaphthalene
Decalin
rc~Decane
Dibutyl ether
n-Heptane
rt-Hexane
Isoamyl isovalerate
Isooctane
0.135
0.139
Toluene
PoIy(I-octene)
frans-poly(pentenamer)
Poly(propylene)
0.001
- 0.066
Bromobenzene
n-Hexane
Benzene
Bromobenzene
n-Butyl chloride
n-Butyl propionate
1-Chloronaphthalene
-0.122
-0.128(578)
-0.051
- 0.070 (403)
-0.053(578)
- 0.054
-0.105
0.175
-0.228
0.171
-0.0497
-0.1125
- 0.0599
-0.1082
0.1101
0.0112
-0.227
-0.195
-0.227
-0.231
isotactic
-0.2275
-0.195
isotactic
syndiotactic
Cyclohexane
Decalin
n-Heptane
p-Xylene
1-Chloronaphthalene
-0.200(365)
0.023
0.1105
0.1077
n-Hexane
Methylcyclohexane
Toluene
atactic
-0.189
-0.188
-0.2157
-0.184
0.0570
-0.211
0.1152
0.0652
-0.0368
- 0.0027
-0.0380
-0.188
-0.177
-0.183(578)
T (0C)
Refs.
135
135
135
135
135
135
25
25
25
20
25
25
914
22
22
22
22
22
858
858
956
31
32
872
956
25
135
25
35
22.5
120
25
25
25
25
25
15
25
40
25.5
25
25
135
25
135
135
30
957
867
33
34
35
35
36
37
38
38
872
38
38
38
39
32
40
867
872
867
867
41
25
25
40
25
25
25
25
125
140
145
145
125
140
145
150
25
120
30
30
25
25
25
25
25
135
894
42
42
43
43
43
43
44
25
27
45
46
28,47
48
49
42
50
51
52
42
42
42
43
43
867
TABLEI. cont'd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
isotactic
atactic
Solvent
X0 = 436 nm
A0 = 546 nm
A0 = 633 nm
-0.205
-0.123
-0.184
-0.111
-0.173
-0.121
-0.107
-0.105
isotactic
-0.102
-0.092 to -0.094
Others
-0.180(578)
-0.130(403)
-0.109(578)
-0.128(403)
-0.105(578)
Toluene
0.1861
0.1656
Cyclohexane
0.264 + 5.3 x 10-4(TC-30) 0.234 + 4.7 x 10~4(TC-30)
Poly(trifiuorochloroethylene) Mesitylene
0.026
Cyclohexane
0.101
Cyclohexane/dioxane
0.103
(50.1/49.9, v/v)
Cyclohexane/MEK
0.138
(64.6/35.4, v/v)
Decalin/dioxane
0.078
(50.6/49.4, v/v)
Decalin/MEK
0.075
(59.7/40.3, v/v)
rt-Heptane/dioxane
0.147
(56.8/43.2, v/v)
K-Heptane/MEK
0.167
(82.6/17.4, v/v)
n-Hexane
0.170
THF
0.131
T( 0 C)
Refs.
135
135
135
135
135
145
25
30-45
145
25
25
867
867
867
867
867
646
979
979
53
305
305
25
305
25
305
25
305
25
305
25
305
25
25
305
305
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
30
65
25
25
65
25
25
25
RT
20
25
20
20
20
627
627
627
657
657
620
627
627
898
928
627
928
928
728
728
728
674
714
926
714
714
929
927
899
980
714
77
78
79
80
714
639
639
657
728
845
785
657
1.3. POLY(ACRYLIC ACID) AND DERIVATIVES

Poly(acrylamide)
Acetic acid
DMSO
Ethanolamine
Ethylene glycol
Formamide
Formic acid
Aq. 1% LiCl
Aq. 5% LiCl
Aq. IMMg(ClO 4 )I
Aq. 2.8 M Mg(ClO 4 ) 2
Aq. 3 M Mg(ClO4) 2
Aq. IMNaCl
Aq. IMNaCl
Aq. IMNaCl
Aq. 0.2MNaCl
Aq. 0.2MNaCl
Aq. 0.1 M NaCl
Aq. 0.1 M NaCl
Aq. IMNaNO 3
Aq. 0.02MNa 2 SO 4
Water
0.199
0.091
0.093
0.117
0.109
0.103
0.172
0.194
0.089
0.089
0.177
0.095-0.110
0.084
0.113
0.109
0.192
0.089
0.088
0.111
0.109
0.127
0.169
0.166
0.181
0.110
0.165
0.145
0.138
0.175
0.175 (fi)
0.156-0.159
0.186
0.182
0.172 (/x)
0.17
0.164
0.182
30
25
20
20-65
0.1869
0.185
0.182
0.149
0.163
0.195(589)
0.179
0.167
0.173 (/x)
0.160
0.187
0.183
0.170
0.169
0.162
0.172(405)
0.157 (579)
30
20
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
TABLE 1. confd
d/t/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
A0 = 436 nm
vt0 = 546 nm
A0 = 633 nm
Others
0.161
T ( 0 C)
25
25
25
0.185
0.146
0.142
25
23
23
25
804
926
888
927
627
924
925
620
0.149(488)
53.7
604
0.209
25
944
0.158
0.179
0.261
30
30
30
25
25
85
85
85
86
86
87
77
80
617
617
617
617
617
617
617
617
617
617
617
617
617
617
617
617
617
617
617
617
617
617
617
743
743
743
743
743
743
743
617
617
617
617
617
617
617
617
617
617
617
0.183
0.18
0.165
0.193
On aging
Water
containing carboxyl groups
Water
0.187
0.197-0.326
Poly [N-( 1,1 -dimethyl-3-imidazolylpropyl)acrylamide]

O.OlMTetrabutylammonium
Poly(acrylic acid)
DN = 0.102,/ = 0.10
Aqueous NaCl
0.335,0.10
0.994,0.10
Dioxane
0.090
0.088
0.140(589)
0.146
0.137
HCl 0.1 N
0.2 N
Water
Water/dioxane (90/10, v/v)
(80/20, v/v)
(60/40, v/v)
(50/50, v/v)
(40/60, v/v)
(35/65, v/v)
(30/70, v/v)
(25/75, v/v)
(10/90, v/v)
(5/95, v/v)
(1.5/98.5, v/v)
- , lithium salt
- , sodium salt
Methanol a 0
0.04
0.09
0.21
0.40
0.60
0.69
Water
(80/20, v/v)
(60/40, v/v)
(50/50, v/v)
(40/60, v/v)
Refs.
0.156
0.160
0.112
0.164
0.105
0.171
0.119
0.174
0.117
0.178
0.117
0.166
0.112
0.159
0.101
0.141
0.079
0.204
0.138
0.092
0.075
0.078
0.084
(^)
(M)
00
(/z)
00
00
00
00
(At)
00
(fi)
0.191
0.198
0.199
0.233
0.235
0.251
0.224
0.231
0.246
0.126
0.258
0.100
0.238
0.073
0.219
0.082
0.203
0.069
00
{ii)
00
00
(it)
20-65
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
TABLE 1. cont'd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
^0 = 436 nm
(30/70, v/v)
DN = 0.2
DN-0.2
DN-0.6
DN = 0.6
DN-I
DN-I
DN=I
(20/80, v/v)
Aq. 0.3 M NaCl
Aq. 1M NaCl
Aq. NaBr
(Af = COl, 0.025, 0.1)
(Af = 0.5)
(Af = 0.01. 0.025, 0.1)
(Af = 0.5)
(Af = 0.01, 0.025, 0.1)
(M = 0.5)
(M = 1.5)
Benzene
DMF
MEK
Poly(w-butyl acrylate)
Poly(rm-butyl acrylate)
Poly(l,l-dihydroperfluorobutyl acrylate)
Poly(WV-dimethylacrylamide)
Acetone
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
Cyclohexanone
Dioxane
n-Hexane
MEK
THF
X0 = 546 nm
0.184
0.066 Ox)
0.223
0.128 (/x)
0.122 0*)
0.156 Ox)
0.138(At)
0.183 Oz)
0.166 (/x)
0.140(Ai)
0.062
0.124
0.062
0.119
0.1760
0.1746
0.1746
0.1665
0.1665
A0 = 633 nm
Others
617
617
617
678
678
711
25
25
25
25
25
25
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
711
711
711
711
711
711
6
6
6
6
6
88
6
5
5
5
89
84
84
729
729
84
729
84
803
84
90
91
91
83
83
10,92,93
89
10
10
729
10
10,93
729
10
10
5
729
5
5
10,93
94
10
95
982
982
982
982
982
0.132(365)
0.118(578)
0.117(589)
0.116(644)
0.1653 (578)
0.1647 (589)
0.1623 (644)
-0.0292
-0.0525
0.021 (488)
0.043 (488)
0.0885
0.088(488)
0.0651
0.062
-0.0239
0.0818
0.30
0.0311
0.194
0.150
Methanol
Water
Acetone
1.107
0.109
Benzene
Chloroform
Cyclohexanone
Dichloroethane
Dioxane
-0.042
0.0363
0.017 (488)
0.23
0.036
0.045 (488)
DMF
Ethyl acetate
MEK
n-Methylpyrrolidone
Water
Butanone
rc-Heptane
Tetrahydrofuran
Toluene
Chlorobenzene
Poly(isopropyl acrylate)
isotactic, syndiotactic and Bromobenzene
atactic
0.0870
0.032
0.0916
0.0856
0.0854(578)
0.088 (488)
0.0853 (589)
0.0852 (644)
0.086
0.1407
-0.027
0.131
30
25
25
25
25
25
25
20
25
25
30
25
25
30
25
25
20
30
20
20
25
30
25
25
0.101
0.096
0.070
-0.040
-0.072
-0.103
-0.0870
Refs.
25
25
25
0.159 (\x) (488) 25
0.152 (u) (488) 25
25
0.112
Toluene
MEK
Benzotrifluoride
T( 0 C)
60
101
TABLE 1. cont'd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
isotactic and atactic

Poly (methyl acrylate)
Solvent
TFP
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Benzene
o-Chlorophenol
m-Cresol
1,2-Dibromoethane
Dioxane
Ethyl acetate
Isoamyl acetate
MEK
TFP
TFP/o-chlorophenol
(10/90, v/v)
(26/74, v/v)
(32/68, v/v)
(40/60, v/v)
(50/50, v/v)
(70/30, v/v)
(90/10, v/v)
Poly(n-octadecyl acrylate)
Toluene
Benzene
n-Butyl acetate
Chlorobenzene
Cyclohexane
n-Hexane
A0 = 436 nm
A0 = 546 nm
X0 = 633 nm
Others
0.124
0.113
0.120
0.121
0.122
0.123
0.123
0.127
-0.019
-0.056
-0.035
-0.0606
-0.0598
-0.0578
-0.0579
-0.062
0.0503
0.052
0.055
0.0524
0.0533
0.0547
0.0566
0.0940
0.0989
0.0967
0.100
0.102
0.102
0.105
0.077
0.090
0.0938
0.118
0.119
0.120
0.122
0.125
-0.560
-0.0528
-0.0532
-0.0523
0.0497
0.0515
0.0526
0.0537
0.0562
0.0920
0.0967
0.0964
0.101
0.103
0.0923
0.097
0.090
0.126
-0.050
-0.050 (M)
-0.014
-0.004Gu)
-0.005
- 0.016 (/i)
0.004
0.029 (/i)
0.043
0.064 Qi)
0.075
0.123 Qi)
0.102
0.135 Qi)
-0.009
- 0.0505
- 0.0269
-0.0363
0.0883
0.0114
-0.0682
-0.0489
-0.0563
0.0175
0.1096
0.1292
0.0921 (578)
0.0919 (589)
0.0915 (644)
T ( 0 C)
Refs.
25
20
25
32
40
48
30
56
30
30
30
25
32
40
48
30
25
30
30
32
40
48
56
19.5
25
32
30
35
40
48
30
RT
20
20
20
30
35
30
101
89
96
96
96
96
96
96
97
916-918
916-918
96
96
96
96
916-918
96
96
97
96
96
96
96
96
96
96
96
98
96
96
97
99
5
5
5
97,100
72
916-918
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
916-918
916-918
916-918
916-918
916-918
916-918
916-918
916-918
916-918
916-918
916-918
916-918
916-918
916-918
97
84
84
84
84
84
84
84
84
84
84
84
TABLE 1. cont'd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
A0 = 436nm
THF
A0 = 546 nm
A0 = 633 nm
T (0C)
Others
0.0702
30
84
30
30
30
84
84
84
0.1102
30
30
634
94
0.154
RT
674
0.0508 (589)
25
982
0.123
12
922
81
82
105
89
106
107
106,107
106
911
106
789
0.0898
0.0723
-0.0425
Toluene
Poly(phenyl acrylate)
MEK
Poly(rc-propyl acrylate)
MEK
Poly(trimethylammoniumethyl chloride acrylate)
Aq. IMNaCl
Refs.
0.183
1.4. POLY(METHACRYLIC ACID) AND DERIVATIVES

Poly(allyl methacrylate)
Poly(benzyl methacrylate-co-cyclohexylmethyl methacrylate) (1/1, (mol/mol)
Di-isobutyl ketone
Poly(N-terf-butylacrylamide) Methanol
0.249
0.234
0.234
Poly(/i-butyl methacrylate) Acetone
0.1249
0.1236
0.122
Benzene
-0.023
-0.014
-0.024
0.015
Bromobenzene
-0.084
-0.073
Bromoform
-0.129
0.118
n-Butyl chloride
0.085
0.026
0.027
m-Cresol/rt-heptane
0.155
(30/70, v/v)
0.358 (M)
DMF
Isopropanol
0.102
0.102
0.1059
0.1066
0.1068
0.1076
0.1097
MEK
0.103
0.102
0.1059
0.1046
0.104
0.1257(366)
0.016
0.1064(366)
0.097
0.100
0.169
TFP
0.067
-0.024
Toluene
-0.017
Poly(terf-butyl methacrylate) n-Butyl acetate
Poly(p-te/t-butylphenyl
Acetone
methacrylate)
Chloroform/THF (90/10, v/v)
(70/30, v/v)
(50/50, v/v)
(30/70, v/v)
(10/90, v/v)
Water/THF (2/98, v/v)
(4/96, v/v)
(7/93, v/v)
(9/91, v/v)
0.09
0.183
0.110
0.107
0.120
0.100
0.130
0.129
0.133
0.206
0.164
0.266
0.142
0.124
0.208
0.143
0.177
0.194
0.192
0.205
(/x)
(M)
(M)
(M)
(M)
(M)
(M)
(M)
(M)
20
25
20
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
20
23
20
23.7
25
31
45
25
25
23
20
25
25
20
20
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
789
769
108
109
109
109
109
109
106,107
105
108
869
807
789
869
869
911
110
111
665
655
665
665
665
665
665
655
665
655
796
796
796
796
796
796
796
796
TABLE 1.
cont'd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Poly(cetyl methacrylate)
Poly(2-chloroethyl
methacrylate)
Poly(4-chlorophenyl
methacrylate)
Poly(cyclohexyl
methacrylate)
Poly(decahydro-(3-naphthyl
methacrylate)
Poly(n>decyl methacrylate)
Solvent
A0 = 436 nm
Benzene
rc-Butyl acetate
w-Heptane
THF
Poly(2-hydroxyethyl
methacrylate)
A0 = 633 nm
Others
T( 0 C)
0.02
0.095
21
30
112
113
112
112
749
25
- 0.015
0.114
0.096
Refs.
Benzene
0.0758
25
114
n-Butyl alcohol
0.098
25
762
25
25
25
25
911
115
911
856
0.054
30
25
744
744
0.163
0.157
RT
RT
680
680
0.119
25
25
25
29
35
50
65
75
85
25-48
31
30
25
679
116
116
116
116
116
116
116
116
116
744
744
117
Ai-Butyl chloride
Cyclohexane
Toluene
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
Ethyl acetate
Poly- [2-(2-diethylaminoethoxy)ethyl methacrylate]
Methanol
Poly(dimethylaminoethyl
Methanol
methacrylate)
Poly(N,N-dimethylarninoethyl methacrylate Af-oxide)
Aq. 0.1M NaCl
Poly(-docosyl methacrylate) o-Dichlorobenzene
Tetralin
Poly(2~ethylbutyl
methacrylate)
X0 = 546 nm
THF
n-Amyl acetate
Cyclohexane
Isopropanol
0.116
0.0845
0.019
0.104
0.115
0.102
0.094
0.0935
0.093
0.091
0.088
0.084
0.076
0.0745
0.090
0.090
0.084
0.109
0.105
0.104
0.087
0.109
0.113
0.102
25
25
117
911
122
122
0.104
0.101
0.107
0.075
23
25
23
25
25
23
32.6
25
25
123
807
123
807
911
124
124
616
807
120
119
119
119
119
119
119
119
119
119
119
119
119
0.082
0.081
0.077
0.070
0.068
0.0745
0.054
MEK
n-Butyl chloride
Ethyl acetate
(1/4.5 - 1/6, v/v)
MEK
MEK/isopropanol (1/7, v/v)

Methyl cellusolve
Toluene
-0.009
MEK
0.105
Isopropanol
0.108
2-Chloroethanol
DMF
Dioxane/water (90/10, v/v)
(80/20, v/v)
(60/40, v/v)
(40/60, v/v)
(20/80, v/v)
Ethanol/water (80/20, v/v)
0.105
0.106
0.048
0.076
0.076
0.083
0.066 (/it)
0.086
0.071 (/x)
0.095
0.100 (M)
0.108
0.120 Ot)
0.123
0.130(/Lt)
0.124
0.121 (At)
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
TABLE 1. cont'd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
A0 = 436 nm
(70/30, v/v)
(60/40, v/v)
(40/60, v/v)
(30/70, v/v)
Formamide
rc-Heptane/m-cresol (50/50, v/v)
(50/50, v/v)
Methanol
Methanol/HEMA (25/75, v/v)
(25/75, v/v)
(35/65, v/v)
(35/65, v/v)
(50/50, v/v)
(50/50, v/v)
(62.5/37.5, v/v)
(75/25, v/v)
(87.5/12.5, v/v)
2-Methoxy ethanol
Methyl cellusolve
rc-Propanol/dioxane
(85/15, v/v)
(70/30, v/v)
(60/40, v/v)
(40/60, v/v)
(30/70, v/v)
rc-Propanol/water (95/5, v/v)
(90/10, v/v)
(80/20, v/v)
(75/25, v/v)
(70/30, v/v)
(60/40, v/v)
(50/50, v/v)
(40/60, v/v)
(30/70, v/v)
(20/80, v/v)
TFP/HEMA (50/50, v/v)
Toluene/methanol (42/58, v/v)
Toluene/isopropanol
(38/62, v/v)
X0 = 546nm
A0 = 633 nm
Others
T (0C)
0.121
0.119 (Ai)
0.120
0.120 (jj)
0.123
0.127 (M)
0.125
0.132 Ox)
0.045
0.033
0.361 (Ai)
0.162
0.078
0.070(/Lt)
0.090
0.081 00
0.110 00
0.093 00
0.120
0.107 (M)
0.135
0.122 (Ai)
0.151
0.140 (AX)
0.091
0.095
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
0.105
0.108(Ai)
0.100
0.103(Ai)
0.096
0.097(Ai)
0.091
0.090(Ai)
0.087
0.086 (M)
0.110
0.105 (Ai)
0.113
0.105 (Ai)
0.115
0.106 (Ai)
0.103 00
0.119
0.109 (Ai)
0.122
0.110(Ai)
0.125
0.123 (/i)
0.128
0.138 (M)
0.131
0.149 (M)
0.135
0.153 (M)
0.105
0.083 OO
0.101
0.063 (M)
0.087
0.064 (M)
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
Refs.
119
119
119
119
119
119
119
119
120
698
698
120
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
769
807
119
119
119
119
119
119
119
119
119
119
121
121
121
121
121
121
120
121
121
121
121
121
121
121
121
121
121
121
121
726
726
118
118
118
118
TABLE 1. cont'd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
A0 = 436nm
Water/2-chloroethanol
(80/20, v/v)
(72/25, v/v)
(70/30, v/v)
(60/40, v/v)
(50/50, v/v)
(40/60, v/v)
(20/80, v/v)
Water/Hema
(20/80, v/v)
(60/40, v/v)
Poly [l(2-hydroxyethyl)pyridinium methacrylate]], benzenesulfonate

Aq. 0.5MKBr
0.136Ox)
0.5 M KCl
0.122(Ai)
IMKCl
0.118(Ai)
2MKC1
0.113 (AX)
3MKC1
0.104 Oi)
1.86MKSCN
0.05MNaF
0.123 (Ai)
0.05MNaI
4MNaI
Poly [l(2-hydroxyethyl)pyridinium methacrylate], toluenesulfonate
Benzyl alcohol
Benzyl alcohol/methyloc-naphthyl ether
(45/55, v/v)
DMF
A0 = 546nm
0.031
0.131 (M)
0.046
0.127 (/i)
0.023
0.120 Oi)
0.015
0.101 (u)
0.016
0.103 Oi)
0.020
0.091 0 0
0.034
0.066(At)
A0 = 633 nm
Others
T (0C)
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
Refs.
616
616
616
616
616
616
616
616
616
616
616
616
616
616
0.068
25
726
0.049 (At)
0.069
0.051 (Ai)
0.071
0.053 (At)
0.074
0.055 (Ai)
0.076
0.057 (Ai)
0.079
0.059 (Ai)
0.103
25
30
30
40
40
50
50
60
60
70
70
25
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
0.143 Oi)
0.104
0.144(At)
0.107
0.147(Ai)
0.109
0.149 (M)
0.111
0.151 (Ai)
0.114
0.154(At)
25
30
30
40
40
50
50
60
60
70
70
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
0.178
0.129(Ai)
0.178
0.117 Ou)
0.174
0.114 (/i)
0.167
0.108(At)
0.161
0.100(Ai)
0.119 (At)
0.118 (Ai)
0.183
0.155 (At)
0.121
0.119(Ai)
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
818
813
818
813
818
813
818
813
818
813
813
813
818
818
818
818
0.039
0.000
25
25
813
813
0.130
25
813
TABLE 1. cont'd
d/i/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
A0 = 436nm
X0 = 546nm
0.182
0.181
0.129 Oz)
0.5 M KCl
0.182
0.121 (/*)
0.114 00
IMKCl
0.178
0.117 0 0
0.111 00
2MKC1
0.171
0.109(/u)
0.105(At)
3 M KCl
0.163
0.100(Ai)
0.097 (/i)
Methanol
0.209
Methanol + 0.5MLiCl
0.205
0.5MNaF
0.186
4MNaI
0.121
0.116(Ai)
7MNaI
0.072
n-Propanol
0.159
0.106
TFP
0.196
Water
0.187
Poly [ 1 (2-hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium methacrylate], benzene sulfonate
Aq. 0.5 M KCl
0.101 (^)
Poly[l(2-hydroxyethyl)tximethylammonium methacrylate], toluene sulfonate
Aq, 0.5 M KCl
0.095 00
Poly(/V-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylamide)
Aq. 0.1 M KCl
0.166
Poly(isobutyl methacrylate) Acetone
0.122
0.117
n-Butyl chloride
0.084
Toluene
-0.021
Poly(isooctyl methacrylate) ^-Heptane
Poly(n-lauryl methacryiate) n-Amyl alcohol
0.0744
0.0781
n-Butyl acetate
0.092
0.090
Isopropyl acetate
0.107
0.104
Aq. 0.4 M Mg perchlorate
0.180
0.180 OO
Water
Water
0.175
0.170
0.179 Ox)
(90/10, v/v)
0.165
0.180 (JJ)
(80/20, v/v)
0.163
0.200 (Ai)
(70/30, v/v)
0.150
0.191 (M)
(60/40, v/v)
0.150
0.196(Ai)
(50/50, v/v)
0.139
0.169(Ai)
(40/60, v/v)
0.134
0.155 (Ai)
(35/65, v/v)
0.148 (JJ)
(25/75, v/v)
0.125
0.122
(15/85, v/v)
0.115
0.109 (M)
Dimethyl formamide/
0.099
1,4-dioxane (5:7, v/v)
Alcoholic LiBr
0.154
Ethanol
0.154
HCl 0.1 N
0.5N
0.137
A0 = 633nm
Others
Ethanol
Aq. 0.5MKBr
T (0C)
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
813
813
818
813
813,818
813
813,818
813
813,818
813
813,818
813
813
813
813
818
813
813
813
813
813
25
813
25
813
25
25
25
25
755
103,104
911
911
168
125
126
126
775
775
77
628
628
628
628
628
628
628
628
628
628
628
628
628
628
628
628
628
628
628
628
977
0.109
23
13
25
25
20-65
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
26.9
0.209
Refs.
25
25
0.159(589)
25
127
127
87
128
TABLE 1. cont'd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
A0 = 436 nm
A0 = 546 nm
A0 = 633 nm
0.045 N
0.02 N
0.001 N
Methanol
NaBr 0.1 M
0.140
0.134
NaCl 0.1 M
NaF 0.1 M
NaI 0.1 M
Na 2 SO 4 0.1 M
(NH4)IMo7O24O-OlM
Water
0.142
Poly(methacrylie acid), sodium salt

Water
(90/10, v/v)
(80/20, v/v)
(75/25, v/v)
(70/30, v/v)
0.260
0.256
0.230 (jjL)
0.240
0.189 (M)
0.250
0.154 (M)
0.252
0.121 (M)
0.238
0.108 (M)
Poly(methoxybiphenyl methacrylate)
THF
0.196
50/50 Poly(methoxy-biphenyl methacrylate-co-methoxybiphenyl ethylene oxide methacrylate)
THF
0.194
Poly(methoxybiphenyl ethylene oxide methacrylate)
THF
0.212
50/50 Poly(methoxy-biphenyl ethylene oxide methacrylate-co-methoxy-biphenyl bis(ethylene oxide)methacrylate)
THF
0.188
Poly(methoxybiphenyl bis(ethylene oxide) methacrylate
THF
0.205
Poly(methoxybiphenyl methacrylate-comethoxybiphenyl tris(ethylene oxide)methacrylate)
THF
0.170
Poly(methoxybiphenyl tris(ethylene oxide)methacrylate)
THF
0.181
50/50 poly(methoxybiphenyl methacrylate-co-methoxybiphenyl tetrakis(ethylene oxide) methacrylate
THF
0.153
Poly(methoxybiphenyl tetrakis(ethylene oxide) methacrylate)
THF
0.171
Poly(methoxybiphenyl methacrylate)
CHCl3
0.163
Poly(methoxybiphenyl ethylene oxide methacrylate)
CHCl3
0.180
50/50 Poly(methoxybiphenyl ethylene oxide methacrylate-co-methoxybiphenyl bis(ethylene oxide)methacrylate)
CHCl3
0.153
Poly(methoxybiphenyl bis(ethylene oxide) methacrylate)
CHCl3
0.167
Poly(methoxybiphenyl tris(ethylene oxide) methacrylate)
CHCl3
0.152
Poly(methoxybiphenyl tetrakis(ethylene oxide) methacrylate)
CHCl3
0.152
Poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride)
1M aqueous NaCl
0.157
Poly(2-methoxyethyl
Halothane
0.125
methacrylate)
MEK
0.108
J( 0 C)
Refs.
0.156(560)
20
0.162 (M) (560) 20
0.158
20-65
25
25
0.234(560)
20
0.209 (/it) (560) 20
0.213 (M) (560) 20
0.229(560)
20
0.219(^X560) 20
0.197 (M) (560) 20
0.210 (M) (560) 20
0.227
20
0.169 (/*) (560) 20
25
0.153
129
129
77
128
128
129
129
129
129
129
129
129
129
129
128
80
Others
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
628
628
628
628
628
628
628
628
628
628
628
958
958
958
958
958
958
958
958
958
958
958
958
958
958
958
25
25
971
589
589,902
TABLE 1. cont'd
d/t/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
X0 = 436 nm
Nitrobenzene
THF
Toluene
1,2,4, Trichlorobenzene
Acetone
A0 = 546 nm
A0 = 633
rnn
Others
-0.058
0.078
0.000
-0.067
0.1391
0.107
0.137
0.129
0.134
T( 0 C)
Refs.
25
25
25
25
27
27
23 2
589
589
589
653
130
131
132
133
134
0.131
0.1313
0.136
0.1293
0.134
0.134(366)
25
25
0.132
0.132
0.1305
0.1312
Acetone
0.132
20
20
20
20
20
0.135
0.1292
0.1330
0.135
20
20
25
25
0.1285
0.1281 (578)
0.1279(589)
0.1276(644)
25
25
20
25
25
25
25
25
137,138
139
140,141
759
618
689
947
142
141
141
141
141
141
0.1170
0.1005
0.091
0.0861
0.0734
25
25
25
25
25
20
140
140
140
140
140
626
0.133
0.137
25
20
44
721
136
947
0.094
0.078 (/J,)
0.100
0.085 (/x)
0.110
0.097 (iji)
0.119
0.113(/i)
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
0.034
0.033 (IJ,)
25
25
726
726
0.074
0.115(A*)
0.059
0.104 (At)
0.044
0.084 (Ai)
0.027
0.050 (Ai)
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
825
825
825
825
825
825
825
825
0.130
0.129
M w >5060
isotactic
Af w >10 4
Acetone
Acetone
Acetone/benzene (88/12,
(76/24,
(64/36,
(52/48,
(40/60,
Acetone/chloroform
(80/20, v/v)
(60/40, v/v)
(52/48, v/v)
(40/60, v/v)
(20/80, v/v)
Acetone/water
(62.2/37.8, mol)
Acetonitrile
Acetonitrile
Acetonitrile/MMA
(17/83, v/v)
(32/68, v/v)
(50/50, v/v)
(68/32, v/v)
Acetophenone/MMA
(50/50, v/v)
Acetophenone/isopropanol
(30/70, v/v)
(40/60, v/v)
(50/50, v/v)
(60/40, v/v)
0.134
0.136
v/v)
v/v)
v/v)
v/v)
v/v)
0.134
0.1170
0.1005
0.0861
0.0734
0.0590
0.136
0.140
0.144
135
10,136
92
89
5
5
5
93
TABLE 1. cont'd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
A0 = 436 nm
(70/30, v/v)
XQ = 546 nm
A0 = 633 nm
Others
0.017
0.030 (/x)
0.001
0.005 Ox)
-0.012
-0.012Ox)
(80/20, v/v)
(90/10, v/v)
Arochlor
Benzene
-0.124
0.0398
T( 0 C)
Refs.
25
25
25
25
25
25
20
27
25
20
30
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
825
825
825
825
825
825
144
130
145
146
139
147
148
10
6
677
689
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
782
782
782
782
782
782
782
782
782
782
782
782
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
-0.010
0.002
0.0039
25
25
0.0110
0.004
-0
0.001
0.006
-0.016
0.007
0.015
Benzene/MMA (30/70, v/v)

(50/50, v/v)
(70/30, v/v)
Benzyl alcohol/MMA
(50/50, v/v)
Benzyl alcoholM-butanol
(90/10, v/v)
0.061
0.054
0.046
0.044
0.033
0.032
0.026
0.027
-0.036
-0.034
0.012
0.017
0.016
0.024
0.030
0.043
0.041
0.060
0.057
0.084
(80/20, v/v)
(70/30, v/v)
(60/40, v/v)
(50/50, v/v)
(40/60, v/v)
Benzyl alcohol/sec-butanol
(90/10, v/v)
00
00
(/x)
(/Lt)
0*)
(/x)
(/x)
(/x)
(M)
Ox)
-0.037
- 0.070 (/x)
0.011
-0.012 (AX)
0.012
0.013 00
0.029
0.082 (M)
0.040
0.160 Ox)
0.056
0.254 Ox)
0.074
0.316 Ox)
0.058
(80/20, v/v)
(70/30, v/v)
(60/40, v/v)
(50/50, v/v)
(40/60, v/v)
(30/70, v/v)
Bromobenzene
0.056
25
25
782
782
782
782
782
782
782
782
782
782
782
782
782
782
145
624
825
0.196 Ox)
0.036
0.166 (M)
0.019
0.136 (M)
25
25
25
25
25
825
825
825
825
825
- 0.050
Bromoform/isopropanol
(30/70, v/v)
(40/60, v/v)
(50/50, v/v)
TABLE 1. cont'd
d/t/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
^ 0 = 436 nm
(60/40, v/v)
(70/30, v/v)
(80/20, v/v)
(90/10, v/v)
Bromoform/acetophenone/
isopropanol
1 -Bromonaphthalene
2-Butanol
n-Butyl acetate
X0 = 546 rim
0.002
0.092
-0.017
0.034 00
-0.036
-0.031 00
-0.059
- 0.067 00
Values for numerous
solvent ratios given
in reference
- 0.147
-0.148
0.0802 + 0.0004 * T (0C)
0.0987
0.0970
0.0986
0.0969
0.1
0.0970
0.097
syndiotactic
rc-Butyl acetate/chloroform
(20/80, v/v)
(40/60, v/v)
(60/40, v/v)
(80/20, v/v)
(90/10, v/v)
n-Butyl chloride
0.0913
0.0948
0.0984
/I 0 = 633 nm
Others
fa)
0.063
0.070
0.073
0.083
0.094
0.0898
0.0934
0.0970
0.096
0.098
0.0931
0.1021
0.1001
0.0902
0.0965
syndiotactic
isotactic
n-Butyl chloride/toluene
(83/17, v/v)
(56.9/43.1, v/v)
(32.1/67.9, v/v)
(20/80, v/v)
Refs.
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
825
825
825
825
825
825
825
825
825
25
55 < T < 76
0.101 (366)
25
25
25
25
25
0.096
25
0.096
25
0.097
25
0.093
atactic
T ( 0 C)
0.0914
0.1001
0.0986
0.0875
0.0954
0.080
0.058
0.035
0.026
25
25
25
25
25
20
30
40
40
25
40
25
50
50
25
50
802
802
802
802
802
143
143
143
615
721
731
150
150
150
150
150
25
25
25
25
911
911
911
911
145
677
145
697
689
146
148
955
135
134
0.023
0.033
Chlorobenzene
30
-0.026
- 0.004
-0.010
-0.018
35
25
25
- 0.026
1-Chlorobutane
Chloroform
0.098
0.0631
0.0629
0.0630
0.0628
0.0635 (366)
0.056
40
25
25
0.050
0.059
0.056
Cyclohexanone
o-Dichlorobenzene
0.062
0.059
0.046
-0.037
145
9
954
135
139
113
149
670
689
802
742
25
30
25
25
30
25
139
148
10,140
677
689
802
729
689
TABLE 1. cont'd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
A0 = 436 nm
1,2-Dichloroethane
0.050
0.050
A0 = 546 nm
A0 = 633 nm
Others
0.051
30
0.050
0.046
0.079
Dioxane
0.0720
T( 0 C)
0.075
0.0707
0.068
0.071
0.050
25
30
25
0.074(366)
25
0.0703 (589)
25
25
25
0.07
0.070
0.066
0.0707
0.072 (488)
0.068
0.069
Dioxane/water (95/5, v/v)
(90/10, v/v)
(85/15, v/v)
(82/18, v/v)
DMF
0.0600
0.070
0.072
0.076 (/z)
0.076
0.083 Oi)
0.079
0.072
0.090(Ai)
0.090
0.082 (^)
0.096 OLO
0.0614
0.0617 (578)
0.0168 (589)
0.0619 (644)
0.055 (365)
0.055
0.069
0.095
25
25
30
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
30
25
25
20
20
20
20
25
30
90
0.042
0.060
0.058
0.086
0.058
0.063
Polymer modified with RCH 2 Li

R = SC 6 H 5
R = SO 2 CH 3
R = SO 2 N(CH 3 ) 2
Ethyl acetate
0.079-0.096
0.1200
0.070-0.081
0.075-0.107
0.1180
0.123(366)
0.1174 (589)
0.118
20
30
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
0.118
isotactic
0.117
Furfuryl alcohol
H-Heptane/m-cresol
(50/50, v/v)
Isoamyl acetate
0.0931
0.0945
0.0959
0.0974
MEK
0.138
0.116
0.010
0.040
0.349 (/x)
0.0911
0.0926
0.0942
0.0957
0.111
0.112
25
30
25
30
25
25
20
30
40
50
RT
0.093
0.111
Refs.
151
152
147
10
826
689
154
135,139
145
93
155
121,147
148
10
156,157
729
618
689
807,822
121
121
121
121
121
118
118,121
158
121
121
5,6
5,6
5,6
6
10
159
159
148
897
826
807
689
700
700
700
135,139
155
10
618
771
826
720
691
698
698
143
143
143
143
154
160
131
134
TABLE 1. cont'd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
A0 = 436 nm
A0 = 546 nm
A0 = 633 nm
Others
0.1173
RT
RT
0.100
0.1131
0.1112
0.113
0.111
0.117
0.110
0.1110(578)
0.1107(589)
0.1102(644)
0.111
0.111
0.110
0.108
0.01385
0.111(488)
0.114
30
30
0.059
0.131
0.113
0.1147
35
35
25
25
30
20
10
20
30
40
30
30
30
20
0.113
0.111
atactic
syndiotactic
isotactic
(55/54, v/v)
MEK/2-propanol
(43.6/56.4, mol/mol)
2-Methoxy ethanol
Methyl cellusolve
MMA/styrene (50/50, v/v)
0.110
0.1090
0.1130
0.1167
0.1208
0.1169
0.1165
0.1167
0.109
2-Propanol/isopropylamine
(5.6/94.4, mol/mol)
TFP
TFP/water (92/5, v/v)
40
25
25
25
30
25
0.082
0.025
0.025 (/a)
0.075
0.0176
0.100
0.094
25
20
0.109
(90/10, v/v)
(80/20, v/v)
(70/30, v/v)
(65/35, v/v)
THF
0.112
0.134
0.108
0.1075
0.1114
0.1153
0.1192
0.1153
0.1155
0.1152
0.089
Methyl methacrylate
/V-Methylpyrrolidone
Nitroethane
0.0887
0.0886
20
20
20
23db2
25
25
25
25
25
27
28
0.113
0.111
0.113
MEK/isopropanol
T( 0 C)
0.141
0.141
0.140 (M)
0.139
0.137 (M)
0.135
0.131 (M)
0.133
0.124 (/i)
0.132
0.121 (ILL)
0.0871
0.0870
0.0902
0.091 (366)
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
36
0.09
0.087
0.098
0.086
25
25
Refs.
163
99
148
5,6,88
5
5
132
162
146
132,161
10,93
165
130
134
151
145
152
164
153
147
34
72
689
807
826
897
143
143
143
143
150
150
150
626
731
807
726
726
158
10
154
161
626
121
121
121
121
121
121
121
121
121
121
121
135
139
34
166
618
637
689
TABLE 1. contfd
dw/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
A0 = 436 nm
A0 = 546 nm
M v v >10 4
atactic
isotactic
varying tacticities
A0 = 633 nm
Others
0.110-0.114
0.084
0.086
0.084-0.088
THF/cyclopentane
(65.7/34.3, mol/mol)
Toluene
0.089
25
25
25
20
0.004
0.010
0.0094
30
25
25
0.0157
0.004
0.005
0.003
0.004
0.009
0.014
-0.003
0.001
0.003
0.007
0.010
0.007
0.014
atactic
syndiotactic
isotactic
Toluene/methanol
(42/58, v/v)
Toluene/isopropanol
(38/62, v/v)
Toluene//?-cymene
(73.4/26.6, w/w)
(49.7/503, w/w)
Benzene
0.094
0.152 (/x)
0.096
0.154 (M)
0.073
0.121 (/i)
0.006
0.008
0.133
Poly(o-methylphenylthio
methacrylate
Poly((3-naphthyl
Benzene
methacrylate)
Poly(nonyloxy-1,4-phenyleneoxycarbonylphenyl methacrylate)
Poly(//-octadecylacrylamide) Benzene
Chlorobenzene
Cyclohexane
rc-Hexane
Poly(rc-octyl methacrylate)
Poly(4-phenylbutyl1 -methacrylate)
Poly(2-phenylethyl1-methacrylate)
THF
Toluene
rc-Butanol
MEK
1-Chloroundecane
0.083
0.107
0.133
0.142
0.096
Poly(phenylthiol
0.142
methacrylate)
Poly[2-(3-sodium sulfonato-2-methylpropyl) methacrylamide]
Aq. 0.05MNaCl
0.142 (/x)
Aq. 5 M NaCl
0.097 (jx)
Poly(3-sodium sulfonatopropyl methacrylate)
Aq. 0.01 M NaCl
0.11
Aq. 0.1 M NaCl
0.13
Poly(n-stearyl methacrylate) Cyclohexane
rt-Propyl acetate
0.107
Refs.
984
811
811
686
626
152
146
139
153
147
30
691
30 697,699,834
50
699
70
699
15
834
20
834
25
834
25
911
25
146
25
146
25
146
25
118
25
118
25
167
25
167
25
118
25
118
30
30
35
699
699
666
25
856
890
84
84
84
84
84
84
84
169
169
965
0.100
0.105(488)
24
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
16.8
28
23
0.128
0.134(488)
27.5
965
25
35
170
115
666
RT
RT
701
701
25
25
20
36
824
824
744
744
0.0269
0.0489
0.0651
0.1292
0.1168
0.0898
0.0154
0.080
0.107
1-Chloroheptane
Acetone
MEK
Benzene
T( 0 C)
0.234
0.182
0.054
TABLE 1. cont'd
d/i/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
A0 = 436nm
Poly(tetrahydro-4H-pyranyl- THF
2-methacrylate)
Poly(rc-tridecyl methacrylate) Ethyl acetate
THF
Poly(3-trimethylammonium ethyl chloride methacrylate)
Aq. IMNaCl
A0 = 546nm
A0 = 633nm
Others
T (0C)
Refs.
0.092
20
840
0.083
27
30
744
744
0.121
0.157
0.155
0.154
25
882
0.158 (/Lt)
0.155(AX)
0.154(/Lt)
25
882
25
770
Poly[2-(triphenylmethoxy)ethyl methacrylate]
Dioxane
0.180
1.5. OTHER a OR p SUBSTITUTED POLY(ACRYLICS) AND POLY(METHACRYLICS)

Poly[bis(phenylethyl)
itaconate]
Poly[bis(phenyl--propyl)
itaconate]
Poly(ter/-butyl crotonate)
MEK
0.180
20
738
MEK
0.173
20
738
0.083
0.111
0.074
-0.035
0.018
0.036
0.102
0.096
-0.027
0.183
0.109
0.074
-0.030
0.020
-0.050
0.036
0.101
-0.021
0.101
0.096
0.112
-0.077
-0.023
0.109
0.126
0.058
-0.005
0.132
0.017
0.079
-0.041
0.015
-0.032
0.074
-0.018
0.024
0.100
0.096
-0.014
0.075
-0.037
-0.036
0.017
0.035
0.102
0.102
25
25
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
718
718
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
738
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
763
763
763
763
763
763
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
H-Butyl chloride
Ethyl acetate
Poly(di-fi-amyl itaconate) rc-Amyl acetate
Benzene
Chloroform
Ethyl acetate
MEK
Toluene
Poly(dibenzyl itaconate)
MEK
Poly(di-rc-butyl itaconate)
Acetone
n-Amy\ acetate
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
Ethyl acetate
Ethylbenzene
N-Hexane
MEK
Methyl acetate
Styrene
Toluene
Poly(di-cyclohexyl itaconate) n-Amyl acetate
H-Butyl acetate
Chlorobenzene
K-Propyl acetate
Toluene
Poly(di-K-decyl itaconate)
n-Amy\ acetate
Benzene
Toluene
w-Amyl acetate
Benzene
Ethyl acetate
MEK
Toluene
Poly(di-n-heptyl itaconate) w-Amyl acetate
Benzene
Benzene
Chloroform
Ethyl acetate
Ethyl acetate
TABLE 1. cont'd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Poly(dimethylitaconate)
Solvent
MEK
MEK
Toluene
Toluene
Acetone
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
MEK
Methyl acetate
MEK
A0 = 436 nm
PoIy(AM,1-dimethyl3-oxobutylacrylamide)
Poly(di-n-nonyl itaconate) rc-Amyl acetate
Benzene
Toluene
Poly(di-rc-octyl itaconate) rc-Amyl acetate
Benzene
Chloroform
Ethyl acetate
MEK
Toluene
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
Ethyl acetate
MEK
Styrene
Toluene
Poly(di-n-propyl itaconate) n-Amyl acetate
Benzene
Chloroform
MEK
Toluene
Poly(di-n-undecyl itaconate) n-Amyl acetate
Benzene
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
Ethyl benzene
rc-Hexane
Styrene
Toluene
Poly(methyl a-chloroacrylate) Chloroform
Poly(methyl n-butacrylate)
n-Butanol
MEK
Diisobutyl ketone
MEK
1.6.
A0 = 546 nm
A0 = 633 nm
Others
T( 0 C)
Refs.
0.095
0.095
-0.029
-0.028
0.118
0.000
-0.022
0.041
0.096
0.110
0.137
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
25
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
622
0.079
-0.030
-0.039
0.078
-0.039
0.016
0.033
0.105
0.096
-0.030
0.083
0.060
0.191
0.189
0.040
0.087
0.074
-0.025
0.021
0.036
0.096
-0.019
0.079
-0.042
0.014
-0.064
0.030
- 0.030
0.112
-0.088
-0.032
0.072
0.0878
0.1192
0.0791
0.1357
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
13
30
11.4
30
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
768
768
768
768
768
768
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
102
707
286
286
286
286
0.139
25
654
0.0643
25
974
0.0344
25
974
0.0368
25
974
0.0391
25
974
0.0443
25
974
POLY(STYRENES)
Dioxane
Poly(4-acetoxymethyl styrene)
Toluene
Poly(0.05 wt.% 4-acetoxymethyl styrene-co-0.95
Toluene
Poly(0.10 wt.% 4-acetoxymethyl styrene-c<?-0.90
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
wt.% tert-butyloxy carbonyloxy styrene)

wt.% terf-butyloxy carbonyloxy styrene)
wt.% tert-butyloxy carbonyloxy styrene)
wt.% terf-butyloxy carbonyloxy styrene)
TABLE 1. cont'd
d/i/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
X0 = 436nm
X0 = 546nm
PoIy(0.50 wt.% 4-acetoxymethyl styrene-co-0.50 wt.% tert-buiy\oxy carbonyloxy styrene)

Toluene
Poly(/?-?m-butylstyrene)
Cyclohexane
0.139
1-Nitropropane
0.162
Poly(tf-chlorostyrene)
MEK
0.191
Poly(/?-chlorostyrene)
Benzene
0.095
Chloroform
0.157
Dioxane
0.164
MEK
0.207
0.197
Toluene
0.121
PolyOModostyrene)
Dioxane
0.156
0.144
14% iodine
27% iodine
Poly(p-isopropylot-methylstyrene)
Poly(/7-isopropylstyrene)
Poly(p-isopropylstyrene)
hydroperoxide
Poly (p-methoxy styrene)
Poly(a-methylstyrene)
A0 = 633nm
0.0486
Chloroform
MEK
THF
MEK
THF
Benzene/cyclohexanol
(61.19/38.81, v/v)
Benzene/methanol
(73.69/26.31, v/v)
Chloroform/cyclohexane
(36.08/63.92, v/v)
Chloroform/methanol
(66.49/33.51, v/v)
MEK/n-heptane
(80.01/19.99, v/v)
MEKAi-propanol
(80.64/19.36, v/v)
Toluene
Toluene/cyclohexanol
(62.8/37.2, v/v)
Benzene
0.084
0.134
0.198
0.177
0.195-0.203
0.177
0.105
0.124
0.186
0.167
0.184-0.197
0.167
0.112
Cyclohexane
1,2-Dichloroethane
Toluene
Toluene
Acetone/cyclohexane
(26.6/73.4, v/v)
776
187
187
188
187
189
175
0.163
175
0.190
175
0.211
175
0.215
175
0.101
0.113
0.168
0.193(366)
0.192
0.219(366)
0.126
0.135(366)
0.129
0.137
0.137
Poly(;?-methylstyrene)
Poly(styrene)
974
778
778
765
171
171
171
172
173
174
174
174
174
175
0.1165
0.131
0.1307
0.130
Refs.
0.125
0.138
20
35
20
20
20
20
874
874
25
25
25
25
25
25
0.1238
0.134
0.131
0.178
0.206
0.208
0.199
0.200
0.1967
0.210
0.212
0.214
0.204
0.1764
T (0C)
25
35
35
25
0.166(365)
0.143 (578)
0.142(589)
0.140(644)
0.032
0.050
Bromoform
Toluene
Others
0.093
0.192
25
176
175
25
25
30
30
23
32
36
37
39
39
40
45
50
35
25
23
25
25
23
25
25
20
177
178
179
180
181
183
183
182
179
177
183
183
183
181
177
34
184
177
181
185
186
613
976
25
783
TABLE 1. confd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
(38.2/61.8, v/v)
(49.1/50.9, v/v)
(59.1/40.9, v/v)
(68.4/31.6, v/v)
(77.2/22.8, v/v)
Isoamyl acetate
n-Amy\ acetate
Arochlor
Benzene
A0 = 436 nm
A0 = 546 nm
A0 = 633 nm
Others
0.202
0.207
0.214
0.220
0.225
T( 0 C)
25
25
25
25
25
30
20
0.205
0.205
-0.017
0.1151
0.111
0.1066
0.113
0.1066
0.115
0.108
0.109
0.112
0.1034
0.1034
0.1030(578)
0.1028(589)
0.1021 (644)
0.105
0.105
0.109
0.107(589)
0.109
0.110
20
20
20
20
20
20
25
25
25
25
25
0.115
0.108
0.1025
0.108
0.1094
25
25
25
0.1062
0.106
0.105
25
25
25
0.111
0.106
0.113
28
30
0.109
0.106
0.101
0.115
0.1123
0.112
0.131
0.107
0.103
0.111
0.105
0.109
0.106
0.103
0.106
0.109(488)
increase with M:
M = 1.3 x 103 - 1.3 x 105
M> 1.05 XlO 6
star shaped
star shaped
comb shaped
0.093-0.109
0.091-0.106
0.108
0.104
0.126
0.104-0.109
0.102
0.116
0.113
0.112
30
30
30
35
70
20
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
35
25
30
30
30
35
0.105
Benzene
Benzene/bromoform
(95/5, v/v)
(90/10, v/v)
(85/15, v/v)
0.0495 -f 2.20
x 10 " 4 T(K)
0.101
0.096
0.099
25
25
25
Refs.
783
783
783
783
783
97
102,190
144
191
102
6
203
5
5
5
205
106
107
32
206
193
194
57
195
146,197
139
148
10
198
145,196,
199,201
192
204
147
97
200
84
202
203
709
664
593,705
779,751
774
890,647
812
648
612
612
612
683
612
671
677
821
683
618
962
198
198
198
TABLE 1. cont'd
d/i/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
X0 = 436 nm
(75/25, v/v)
(50/50, v/v)
(25/75, v/v)
Benzene/(CH 2C1)2CHOH
(33/67, v/v)
Benzene/cyclohexane
(82.9/18.1, mol/mol)
(65.3/34.7, mol/mol)
(44.8/55.2, mol/mol)
(23.6/76.4, mol/mol)
(10/90, mol/mol)
(4.8/95.2, mol/mol)
(90/10, v/v)
(80/20, v/v)
0.083
0.074
0.036
0.137
0.155
0.155
0.172
0.170
0.186
0.183
0.197
0.189
0.202
0.191
0.116
0.126
0.138
0.142 {(i)
0.135
0.144
(50/50, v/v)
0.151
v/v)
v/v)
v/v)
v/v)
(10/90, v/v)
Benzene/cyclohexanol
(61.6/38.4, v/v)
(81.8/18.2, mol/mol)
A0 = 633 nm
Others
T ( 0 C)
25
25
25
0.112
(75/25, v/v)
(70/30, v/v)
(60/40, v/v)
(40/60,
(35/65,
(30/70,
(20/80,
A0 = 546 nm
0.150
0.159 (M)
0.158
0.165
0.171
0.166
0.175 (/i)
0.175
0.121
0.134
(90.9/9.1, mol/mol)
0.119
(99.628/0.372, mol/mol) 0.124
0.134
Benzene/rc-docosane
(98.7/1.3, mol/mol)
0.122
0.140
(95.7/4.3, mol/mol)
0.135
0.147
(90.3/9.7, v/v)
0.147
0.150
Benzene/rt-dodecane
(96.2/3.8, mol/mol)
0.123
0.139
(92.7/7.3, mol/mol)
0.131
0.145
(86.4/13.6, mol/mol)
0.140
0.149
Benzene/1 -dodecanol
(98.1/1.9, mol/mol)
0.116
(94.6/5.4, mol/mol)
0.122
(89.7/10.3, mol/mol)
0.132
0.113
0.120
0.124
0.129
0.135
0.137
0.142
0.145
0.148
0.153
0.154
0.158
0.162
0.162
0.108
Refs.
198
198
198
207
20
70
20
70
20
70
20
70
20
70
20
20
20
30
30
25
20
20
25
20
25
30
30
20
25
20
20
25
30
30
20
208
208
208
208
208
208
208
208
208
208
208
709
709
692
692
751
709
709
751
709
751
692
692
709
751
709
709
751
692
692
709
25
20
70
20
20
70
209
208
208
208
208
208
20
70
20
70
20
70
210
210
210
210
210
210
20
70
20
70
20
70
210
210
210
210
210
210
20
20
20
210
210
210
TABLE 1. cont'd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
X0 = 436 nm
Benzene/ethanol
(70.4/29.6, v/v)
(70.4/29.6, v/v)
(94.3/5.7, v/v)
(89.1/10.9, v/v)
(62.1/37.9, v/v)
BenzeneM-heptane
(44/56, v/v)
(90/10, v/v)
(50/50, v/v)
(60/40, v/v)
BenzeneM-hexane
(88/12, mol/mol)
(78.6/21.4, mol/mol)
(63.2/36.8, mol/mol)
(55.1/44.9, mol/mol)
Benzene/1 -hexanol
(92.7/7.3, mol/mol)
(84.9/15.1, mol/mol)
(76.6/23.4, mol/mol)
(67.8/32.2, mol/mol)
Benzene/MEK
(25.1/74.9, mol/mol)
(50.2/49.8, mol/mol)
(75.1/24.9, mol/mol)
Benzene/methanol
(70.9/29.1, mol/mol)
(83.9/16.1, mol/mol)
(92.4/7.6, mol/mol)
(22.2/77.8, v/v)
(76.6/23.4, v/v)
(80/20, v/v)
(74.7/25.3, v/v)
(95/5, v/v)
(80/15, v/v)
(83/17, v/v)
(80/20, v/v)
(78/22, v/v)
(76.8/23.2, v/v)
(76.8/23.2, v/v)
(75/25, v/v)
Benzene/1-octadecanol
(99.15/0.85, mol/mol)
Benzene/poly(oxyethylene)
420 (95.9/4.1, mol/mol)
2100
(99.41/0.59, mol/mol)
Benzene/isopropanol
(35.8/64.2, v/v)
(65/35, v/v)
(61/39, v/v)
(64/36, v/v)
A0 = 546 nm
A0 = 633 nm
Others
T( 0 C)
Refs.
0.156
0.155
0.115
0.119
0.131
0.162
0.151
19.6
25
20
20
70
20
70
611
611
210
210
210
210
210
0.130
0.124
35
35
25
25
211
202
751
751
0.141
0.160
0.174
0.188
0.199
0.197
0.205
20
20
70
20
70
20
70
210
210
210
210
210
210
210
0.119
0.126
0.135
0.136
0.148
0.144
20
20
70
20
20
70
210
210
210
210
210
210
0.210
0.224
0.178
0.193
0.145
0.162
20
70
20
70
20
70
203
203
203
203
203
203
0.154
0.124
0.114
20
20
20
25
25
0.116
0.134
35
25
25
25
25
25
16.7
25
25
20
70
208
208
208
209
193
207
211
751
751
751
751
751
611
611
751
210
210
0.125
20
210
0.120
20
210
25
212
207
211
692
692
0.157
0.152
0.145
0.122
0.137
0.159
0.114
0.127
0.132
0.136
0.141
0.190
0.187
0.144
0.159
0.154
0.142
0.150
0.216 (jui)
35
30
30
TABLE 1. cont'd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
X0 = 436nm
Benzene/rc-propanol
(63.7/36.3, v/v)
Bromobenzene
0.131
0.130
0.0492
0.043
0.0495
X0 = 546nm
A0 = 633nm
Others
0.042
0.0485
0.0455
0.042
Bromoform
- 0.005
0.012
611
611
213
106
107
214
25
0.012
1-Bromonaphthalene
30
-0.051
-0.091
-0.0517
0.1997
0.2018
25
25
25
20
25
0.156
0.161
0.159
0.160
0162
0.159
0.144
0.146
0.147
0.150
0.1518
0.148
0.145 (589)
0.148
015
0.162
Poly(styrene) anionically
polymerized
21.7
29.7
18
25
25
30
0.014
n-Butyl chloride
rc-Butyl propionate
Refs.
25
25
0.047
0.015
0.014
T (0C)
0.176
n-butanol (65/35, v/v)
0.189
rc-heptane (53/47, v/v)
methanol (18.3/81.7, v/v)
Chlorobenzene
0.0833
0 082
O145
25
25
30
30
35
25
25
30
145,215
624
57
106
216
874
216,919
145
57
9
43
43
102
217
154
145
106
206
84
204
202
647
651
677
oc
\
^??
is
911
0.162
9c
onQ
0 079
'
IR
25
Jn
213
0.079
0.0848
Il
0.079
081
0.083
Chlorobenzene/isopropyl
ether (68/32, v/v)
1 -Chlorodecane
l-Chlorodecane/3-methylcyclohexanol
(782/21.S1V(V)
(75/25, v/v)
(49.5/50.5, v/v)
(10/90, v/v)
Chloroform
H
148
697
0192
'
25
209
6 2
661
0.165
228
66.
0.168
0.166
0.155
35
59 6
87;8
0.165
'
0.158
0.1554
0.165
I8
20
25
0.169
0.152
0.161
0.157
25
30
661
^1
57
213
102
26
148
146
677
TABLE 1. cont'd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
Cyclohexane
M w = 2.18 XlO 3
2.92 XlO 3
4.69 XlO 3
11.8 x l O 3
22.2 XlO 3
167 x l O 3
A0 = 436 nm
0.1795
0.1798
0.1801
0.1804
0.1810
0.168
0.171
0.174
0.177
0.180
0.181
0.1825
0.181
0.1840
A0 = 546 nm
A0 = 633 nm
Others
0.1682
0.1685
0.1687
0.1690
0.1695
0.156
0.160
0.163
0.165
0.167
0.167
0.1709
0.1723
0.171
0.179
0.1738
0.1752
0.181
0.163
0.179
0.181
M = 1.2 x 103 - 1.07 x 105

star shaped
after photoisomerization: trans > cis
0.191
0.181
0.181
0.166
0.170
0.169
0.171
0.169
0.156-0.168
0.157-0.163
0.100
0.181
0.171
0.175 (488)
0.181
0.184
0.161
0.168
0.170
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane/cyclohexanol
(75.3/24.7, v/v)
-0.043
-0.044
-0.045
-0.046
-0.047
(37.3/62.7, v/v)
-0.048
-0.049
-0.050
-0.051
Cyclohexane/ethanol
0.065
(97/3, v/v)
0.064
Cyclohexane/ethyl acetate
(10/90, v/v)
0.229
(20/80, v/v)
0.226
(30/70, v/v)
0.223
(40/60, v/v)
0.219
(50/50, v/v)
0.216
(60/40, v/v)
0.211
(70/30, v/v)
0.206
0.187
0.191
0.195
0.216
0.213
0.210
0.206
0.202
0.197
0.191
Refs.
20
21
22
23
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
30
34.5
35
35
35
40
40
45
50
0.181
0.1855
0.1870
0.188
T( 0 C)
219
219
219
219
139,219
220
220
220
220
220
220
219
221
219
209
202,222
218
219
219
223
224
618
20
709
25
647
25
751
30
677
34.5
712,705
34.5
809
34.5
732
34.5
737
28
736
34.8
611
34.8
664
35
642
35 659,694,704
35
661
35
671
35
683
35
683
30
943
40
943
50
943
36
38
44
52.2
58.2
65.1
74
82
86
29.2
39.8
611
611
611
611
611
611
611
611
611
611
611
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
709
709
709
709
709
709
709
TABLE 1. cont'd
dit/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
(80/20, v/v)
(90/10, v/v)
Cyclohexane/methanol
(95.5/4.5, v/v)
Cyclohexane/w-propanol
(97.6/2.4, v/v)
Cyclohexane/styrene
(15/85, v/v)
A0 = 436nm
0.198
0.189
0.099
0.098
0.041
0.040
(40/60, v/v)
(50/50, v/v)
(60/40, v/v)
(70/30, v/v)
(85/15, v/v)
Cyclohexanone
Cyclohexene
Decalin
A0 = 633nm
Others
0.184
0.176
0.075
0.086
0.092
0.112
0.104
0.129
0.120
0.152
0.129
0.160
0.138
0.166
0.155
0.173
(30/70, v/v)
Cyclohexanol
A0 = 546nm
(M)
(/i)
Cu)
(M)
(M)
(M)
(ji)
0.165
0.141
0.169
0.169
0.151
0.151
0.151
0.165
0.129
0.129
0.118
0.137
0.138
0.143
0.147
0.152
0.155
0.120
0.125
0.119
0.137
0.141
0.120
0.120
0.120
50 bar pressure
50 bar pressure
50 bar pressure
cw-Decalin
Decalin, 50% trans
0.124
1,2-Dibromoethane
0.065
0.123(579)
0.110
0.130
0.110
0.127
0.111
0.128
0.111
0.130
0.132
0.119
0.120
0.121
0.122
0.123
0.115
0.115
0.116
0.117
0.118
0.125 (579)
0.126(579)
0.128(579)
0.130(579)
T (0C)
Refs.
20
20
29.2
39.8
28.2
37.8
709
709
611
611
611
611
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
84.2
87.8
92.5
100
30
25
30
25
24
25
25
52
60
87
104
123
139
20
20
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
611
661
611
611
216
647
216,919
23
217
215
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
615,713
625
20
20.4
22.8
25
30
30
40
40
50
60
20
30
40
50
60
12
20
30
40
50
60
30
827
809
661
827
625
827
625
827
625
625
625
625
625
625
625
221
885
885
885
885
885
216,919
TABLE 1.
coned
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
A0 = 436nm
Dibutyl phthalate
1,2-Dichloroethane
A0 = 546nm
A0 = 633nm
Others
0.108
0.120
0.155
0.155
0.161
0.168
0.168
T (0C)
25
135
25
30
30
863
863
647
151
218
152
147
152
200
826
25
25
25
25
25
25
59.6
693
693
693
693
693
693
661
20
30
0.168
0.168
0.168
0.166
0.158
Diethyl ether/methylcyclohexane
(70/30, v/v)
0.215
(65/35, v/v)
0.220
(60/40, v/v)
0.215
(50/50, v/v)
0.225
(40/60, v/v)
0.240
(35/65, v/v)
0.245
Diethyl oxalate
0.195
Diethyl fumarate/CH2ClCH2OH
(80/20, v/v)
Dioxane
0.185
0.152
0.171
0.176
0.168
0.172
0.173
0.1852
0.1731
0.193
0.182
0.204(365)
0.171 (578)
0.170(589)
0.168(644)
0.1702 (589)
0.176(589)
0.170
0.181
0.190
20
20
20
20
25
25
25
35
35
0.184
0.166
0.170
0.173
0.181
star shaped
deuterated polymer
star shaped
Dioxane/1-bromonaphthalene
(96/4, v/v)
0.134
(90/10, v/v)
0.075
(83/17, v/v)
0.000
(81.5/18.5, v/v)
- 0.010
(50/50, v/v)
-0.298
Dioxane//i-heptane
0.212
(41.5/58.5, v/v)
Dioxane/methanol
(28.6/71.4, v/v)
(66.5/33.5, v/v)
0.218
Dioxane/methanol
(71.4/28.6, v/v)
(71.4/28.6, v/v)
Dioxane/isopropanol
0.212
(51.5/48.5, v/v)
Dioxane/styrene
(15/85, v/v)
(15/85, v/v)
(30/70, v/v)
0.170
0.195
0.164
00
0*)
00
00
(/i)
25
25
30
35
35
30
30
30
30
30
35
0.191
0.222
0.197
0.076
0.084 00
0.092
0.102 OO
Refs.
207
154
225
145
196
174
174
174
174
139
155
206
148
97
202
147
618
807,822
751
671
683
683
645
216,919
216,919
216,919
216,919
216,919
211
25
35
25
35
35
35
209
211
683
683
211
25
25
25
25
726
726
726
726
TABLE 1. cont'd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
X0 = 436 nm
(40/60, v/v)
A0 = 633 nm
Others
0.104
0.112 (/*)
0.116
0.129 (M)
0.126
0.138 (M)
0.137
0.147 Oi)
0.155
0.163 Oi)
(50/50, v/v)
(60/40, v/v)
(70/30, v/v)
(85/15, v/v)
DMF
A0 = 546 nm
0.1703
0.1739
0.1648
0.1632(578)
0.1625 (589)
0.1604(644)
0.145
0.189(365)
0.165
0.175
T (0C)
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
18
20
20
20
20
25
25
0.166
0.171
0.165
0.168
Microgel
DMF/tetralin (35.2/64.8, v/v)
Ethyl acetate
0.158
0.166
0.178
0.174
0.119 (/x)
0.119
25
80
18
20
25
20
25
30
0.2310
0.234
0.231
20
20
25
30
0.2231
0.218
0.223
0.226
0.216
(94.81/5.19, v/v)
(91.76/8.24, v/v)
(89.34/10.66, v/v)
Ethylbenzene
0.2196
0.2210
0.2238
0.1 Il
0.093
0.093
0.096
0.102
0.114
0.128
0.117
Ethylcyclohexane
Furfuryl alcohol
n- Heptane/sty rene
(10/90, v/v)
(20/80, v/v)
(30/70, v/v)
(40/60, v/v)
(50/50, v/v)
(60/40, v/v)
MEK
0.2258
0.2275
0.2290
0.2287
0.075
0.089 (M)
0.091
0.109(M)
0.106
0.136 (M)
0.122
0.162 (p)
0.137
0.191 (M)
0.154
0.195 (M)
0.2138
0.2155
0.2167
Refs.
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
213
5,6
5,6
5,6
148
6
215
146
658
658
869
897
638
826
608
638
638
213
102
226
709
779
826
618
25
25
25
25
20
30
40
50
60
70
30
226
226
226
102
885
885
885
885
885
806
691
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
7.5
15
18
20
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
219
219
213
219
TABLE 1. cont'd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
A0 = 436nm
0.2296
A0 = 546nm
A0 = 633 nm
Others
0.2170
0.214
T (0C)
20
20
20
0.243
0.232
0.229
0.228
0.2296
0.2170
0.2298
0.2175
0.2150 (578)
0.2143 (589)
0.2110(644)
0.2146 (589)
0.2298
0.229
0.226
0.231
0.231
0.2165
0.2178
0.214
0.220
20
20
20
20
20
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
0.220
0.218
0.208(589)
0.220 (589)
0.226
25
0.220
0.227
0.219
0.230
0.215
25
25
0.210*
0.229
0.217
0.232
0.238
0.232
0.223
0.229
0.223
0.2309
0.227
0.2321
0.2333
0.2345
0.2189
0.222 (437)
0.216(589)
25
25
30
30
30
0.170
30
30
35
35
40
45
67
70
0.219
0.2201
0.2213
0.2225
0.230
0.254
0.212
0.222
0.214
0.225
0.230
increase with M
0.207
0.217
0.220
0.217
0.218
0.207-0.211
0.220
0.238
0.235
0.240
randomly branched
branched with divinyl
benzene
MEK/(CH 2C1)2CHOH
(46/54, v/v)
MEK/1-dodecanol
(95.4/4.6, mol/mol)
* Given erroneously as 0.110 in journal.
20
20
25
25
25
25
25
30
30
35
0.165
0.238
0.253
Refs.
6
227
203
153
88,231
102,190
5
5
5
139
155
165
219
195
145,154,196
146
217
212
151,232
232
228
148
215
147
106
224
107
233
206
216
152
229
230
164
219
97
219
219
219
218
203
618
891
869
897
751
807
809
902
648
826
216,919
599
598
207
20
70
203
203
TABLE 1. cont'd
d#*/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
J ( 0 C)
Refs.
0.232
0.248
20
70
203
203
0.241
0.238
0.251
0.234
0.249
20
20
70
20
70
203
203
203
203
203
0.214
0.211
25
25
209
209
0.219
0.140
0.149 (/*)
0.188
25
25
207
726
726
26
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
98.4
234
234
234
234
234
234
234
234
234
661
22.8
35
59.6
87.8
661
661
661
661
98.4
98.4
98.4
98.4
98.4
35
903,676
903,676
903,676
903,676
903,676
202
35
35
25
20
34.5
98.4
202
211
146
102
903
676,903
34.5
34.5
34.5
34.5
34.5
34.5
34.5
34.5
30
30
903
903
903
903
903
903
903
903
216
84
235
57
166
236
236
236
XQ = 436 nm
(91.2/8.8, mol/mol)
MEK/1-hexanol
(93.3/6.7, mol/mol)
(84.8/15.2, mol/mol)
(73.7/26.3, mol/mol)
MEK/methanol
(11.3/88.7, v/v)
MEK/isopropanol
(11.4/88.6, v/v)
(85/15, v/v)
MEK/styrene (50/50, v/v)
Methylcyclohexane
Methylcyclohexane/acetone
(17/83, v/v)
0.242
(22.2/77.8, v/v)
0.242
(28/72, v/v)
0.239
(39/61, v/v)
0.231
(50/50, v/v)
0.228
(61/39, v/v)
0.223
(72/28, v/v)
0.222
(83/17, v/v)
0.217
(88.3/11.7, v/v)
0.210
0.154
3-Methyl cyclohexanol/1 -chlorodecane
(21.8/78.2, v/v)
0.165
(25/75, v/v)
0.168
(50.5/49.5, v/v)
0.166
(90/10, v/v)
0.155
3-Methylcyclohexanol/tetralin
(23.2/76.8, v/v)
0.096
(43.4/56.6, v/v)
0.115
(49.5/50.5, v/v)
0.112
(61/39, v/v)
0.131
(77/23, v/v)
0.145
Nitropropane
0.208
NitropropaneM-heptane
(42/58, v/v)
0.216
0.218
Phenylcyanide
0.0775
Styrene
0.054
Tetralin
0.072
0.075
Tetraiin/cyclohexane
(89.4/10.6, v/v)
0.082 (^)
(88/12, v/v)
0.087
(81/19, v/v)
0.093
(79.4/20.6, v/v)
0.095 (^)
(69.7/30.3, v/v)
0.119 (A0
(59.7/40.3, v/v)
0.139 (fj)
(39.6/60.4, v/v)
0.159 (/*)
(20/80, v/v)
0.173 (M)
THF
0.195
/I0 = 546nm
X0 = 633nm
Others
0.1926
0.190
0.198
Mw=
2.4 x l O 4
5.31 x 104
16.5 xlO 4
0.194
0.205
0.202
0.207
0.193
0.189
0.194
25
25
25
TABLE 1. cont'd
dn/dc (mi/g)
Polymer
Solvent
54.1 x 104
15OxIO 4
57OxIO 4
A0 = 436nm
0.208
0.209
0.211
A0 = 546nm
A0 = 633nm
Others
0.195
0.196
0.198
25
25
25
0.186
0.193
0.192
0.186
0.195
0.208
0.186
0.190
0.193
100% mol deuterated

62% mol deuterated
25% mol deuterated
THF/methanol
(28.7/71.3, v/v)
Toluene
0.111
0.112
0.193
0.171
0.177
0.182
20
23
25
30
RT
RT
RT
RT
0.188
0.165
0.172
0.178
0.179
0.109
0.104
0.112
0.1113
0.112
0.195
0.109
0.1079
0.1073(578)
0.1071 (589)
0.1060(644)
0.113
20
20
23
25
0.111
0.112
0.111
0.112
0.1150
25
RT
12
20
20
20
20
20
20
0.108
0.110
0.1188
0.1129
T (0C)
0.109
0.1079
0.1091
0.1130
0.110
0.111
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
28
0.1111
0.111
0.110
0-U3
0.118
0.114
30
30
35
45
65
0.118
0.125
0.110
0.118
67
0.106
0.101
0.113
0-115
0.111
0.103(1086)
M = 1.2 x 103 - 1.07 x 103
star shaped polymer
0.089-0.105
0.103
0.105(1086)
0.113
0.109
0.111
0.110
0.H2
0.105
0.110-0.112
0.093-0.109
0.112
increase with M
increase with M:
0-117
0.107-0.110
15
20
20
20
20
20
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
Refs.
236
236
236
618,798
869
830
637
216,919
630
630
630
630
209
232
221
31,227
102
238
5
5
5
153
230
231
240
237
239
225
241
242
43
243
240
217,228
146
139
29
147
152,216
229
97
243
243
244
218
618
842
834
834
869
915
732
737
915
647
751
601
613
633
635
648
664
834
TABLE 1. confd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
A0 = 436 nm
X0 = 546 nm
A/>2xlO
star branched
A0 = 633 nm
Others
0.108
0.103-0.106
0.107-0.112
0.108
0.110
M = 2 x 103 - 18 x 105
0.125
0.126
isotactic
M w =0.02 x 10 s - 0.5 x 105 Toluene
Mw = l . l 0 x l 0 5
Toluene
M w = 1.60 x l O 5
Toluene
M w = 2.00 x K)5 - 8.67 x 105Toluene
M w = 18 x 105
Toluene
M w = 1.25 x 105 - 2.5 x 105 Toluene
dispersion
Water
latex
sulfonated
0.111
0.101-0.107
0.106
0.107
0.110-0.117
0.118
0.117
0.250
0.241
0.256
0.257
Neutralization equiv.
= 0.9 mEq/g: 0.05 M NaCl
1.8mEq/g: 0.056MNaCl
2.0 mEq/g: 0.10 M NaCl
2.7 mEq/g: 0.10 M NaCl
Toluene//>cymene
(73.4/26.6 w/w)
0.115
(49.7/50.3 w/w)
0.117
Trichlorobenzene
Water/THF (1 /99, v/v)
0.212
0.207
0.195
0.205
25
25
25
25
247
247
247
247
0.124
0.128 (M)
0.152 Ox)
0.122 (/x)
30
30
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
30
25
25
25
25
699
699
653
796
796
796
796
796
796
796
796
249
85
675
675
879
879
0.198
25
753
0.164
35
814
0.122
0.124
0.125
25
40
55
795
795
795
25
25
675
675
0.028
0.183
0.166 Oi)
0.192
0.183 Ox)
0.180
0.177 Ox)
0.180
0.188(At)
(3/97, v/v)
(4.5/95.5, v/v)
(7/93, v/v)
Poly(styrene-p-sulfonic acid) Aq. KCl 2.5 M
-, K-salt, DN= 1.0
Aq. KCl; / = 0.10
- , Na-salt
THF/ethanol (76/24, v/v)
Aq. 0.1 M Na 2 SO 4
Aq. 1M Na 2 SO 4
Poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile), (1/1, mol/mol)
MEK
Poly(styrene-c<9-/?-butyl methacrylate) (1/1, mol/mol)
MEK
Poly(styrene-c0-/?-cnlorostyrene), ( ~ l / l , mol/mol)
Cumene
Poly(styrene-a?-ethylene-a7-butene) (Kraton G)
THF
THF/ethanol (94/6, v/v)
(88/12, v/v)
Refs.
25
833
25
833
23-27
652
30
671
30
691
30 697,699,216
30
834
30
837
35
659
35
704
50
699
70
699
80
638
90
609
30
245
30
962
30
962
30
962
30
962
30
962
30
962
25
95
246
25
247
248
0.113
0.118
0.101-0.118
0.113
0.114
0.119
0.125
M = 2 x 103 - 18 x 105
T (0C)
0.0347*
0.197
0.116
0.118
0.120 00
0.120
0.124Ou)
25
675
25
25
675
675
* Expressed in 1/g-segment.
TABLE 1. cont'd
d/i/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
1.7.
Solvent
A0 = 436nm
A0 = 546 nm
A0 = 633 nm
Others
T (0C)
Refs.
OTHER COMPOUNDS
Poly(acrylonitrile)
y-Butyrolactone
Dimethylacetamide
Chlorobenzene
DMF
0.0767
0.079
0.078
0.0769
25
30
25
0.00
0.080
0.085
0.870
18
20
20
20
20
20
25
25
0.082
0.0874
0.0877
0.0914
0.0924
0.196
0.083
0.089
0.080
0.085
DMSO
0.029
DMSO/acrylonitrile
(65/35, v/v)
(73/27, v/v)
(82/18, v/v)
(91/9, v/v)
0.084
0.087
0.084
0.078
0.031
0.043
0.092
0.0263
25
25
25
20
25
25
25
140
25
0.061
0.067
0.055
0.062
0.048
0.053
0.040
0.044
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
0.132
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
726
891
0.174(580)
0.198(580)
0.228 (580)
644
644
644
(/i)
(JJL)
(jj.)
Ox)
MEK
276
277
278
891
643
891
213
238
281
283
283
283
284
215,276,
278,280
279
282
277
10
897
985
278
285
278
284
Poly(diacetylenes)
=c-c=c-c=
(CH2)9
(CH2)9
O-COR
O-COR
R = isopropyl
Chloroform
R = benzyl
R = 1-methylene naphthalene
R = 1-methylene naphthalene
1,2-Dichloroethane
0.267
0.220(578)
RT
RT
25
740
740
715
577
0.091
25
663
0.180
25
663
0.088
25
30
663
896
25
733
25
679
25
25
269
269
0.190
Poly(terf-butyl vinyl ketone) sec-Butyl alcohol
Poly(N-isobutyl maleimide) Chlorobenzene
Poly(maleic acid-c<?-ethyl vinyl ether) (1/1, mol/mol)
THF
Poly(maleic acid-a?-ethyl vinyl ether) (1/1 mol), sodium salt
Aq. 0.18MNaCl
Poly(maleic anhydride-co-ethyl vinyl ether (1/1, mol/mol)
THF
Acetone
0.133
Poly(maleic anhydride-co-octadecene) (1/1, mol/mol)
Ethyl acetate
Poly(2-methyl 5-vinylpyridine; iV-oxide)
Methanol
Poly(2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine)
rc-Butyl acetate
0.200
MEK
0.212
0.097
0.01
0.119
0.262
0.188
0.202
TABLE 1. contd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
Methanol
A0 = 436 nm
0.273
A0 = 546 nm
A0 = 633 nm
Others
0.257
Benzene
Acetone
0.102
0.095
0.104
0.116
0.104
0.104
0.105
0.1021
Acetonitrile
Benzene
0.104
0.030
-0.0225
0.0716
-0.0426
n-Butyl acetate
Chlorobenzene
- 0.049
0.028
0.087
0.095
0.080
Dioxane
Ethyl acetate
Ethyl formate
MEK
0.080
0.080
0.080
0.083
0.080
0.080
0.075
Methanol
0.107
0.130
0.132
0.124
0.132
0.1319
0.119
0.130

Methyl isopropyl ketone/
0.075
^-heptane (3/1-6/1, v/v)
THF
0.132
0.128 (366)
0.068
0.075
0.0582
Refs.
25
RT
25
20
0.250
Poly(phenyl vinyl ketone)
Poly(vinyl acetate)
T( 0 C)
270
680
759
238
287
25
32
25
289
25
288
25
201
35
34
290
194
30
84
30
84
30
84
25
32
290
25
32
290
15
32
291
252,287,292
25
32,293
25
205
25
289
35
32
618
25
287
25
288
25
205,294
25
32
289
34-38
295
618
881
290
25
252
30
84
618
0.057
25
0.054
25
34-38
637
803
865
296
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
26
40
297
297
297
289
289
289
289
289
289
289
289
289
289
289
289
823
823
0.050
Poly(vinyl acetate)
0.059
Trichlorobenzene
Poly(vinyl acetate) (partially hydrolyzed)
Deg. of Hydrolysis
= 0.840
Water
0.883
0.964
0.008
Acetone
0.029
0.049
0.119
0.008
MEK
0.029
0.049
0.119
0.008
Methanol
0.029
0.049
0.119
Poly(9-vinyl adenine)
Aq. 0.1 M NaCl+Na
cacodylate
0.1030
0.151
0.155
0.161
0.103
0.101
0.098
0.090
0.083
0.087
0.092
0.110
0.128
0.115
0.107
0.071
0.326
0.331
TABLE 1. cont'd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Poly(vinyl alcohol)
Solvent
A0 = 436nm
Water/n-propanol
(98/2, w/w)
0.134
0.135
0.145
0.147
0.158
0.160
Water
0.164
Water
Benzene
Dioxane
Ethylene glycol dimethyl
ether
ether/ethylene glycol
monomethyl ether
(56/44, v/v)
THF
X0 = 633 nm
Others
T (0C)
Refs.
0.128(366)
0.133 (404)
0.142(366)
0.144 (404)
0.151 (366)
0.153 (404)
25
25
40
40
70
70
20
20
30
881
881
881
881
881
881
298
299
287
948
948
948
300
300
300
300
0.150
0,144
0.168
M w = 39900
M w -120000
M w = 160000
Poly(vinylbiphenyl)
/I0 = 546nm
0.164(578)
0.151
0.153
0.153
0.182
0.220
0.257
0.301
0.165
0.207
0.233
0.277
25
25
25
24
24
24
24
0.297-0.301
0.271-0.275
30
300
25
251
252
250
0.155
0.190
0.195
0.198
0.201
0.204
0.207
0.232
0.185
0.262
25
25
25
25
25
20
20
25
25
30
35
40
45
25
25
25
880
880
880
880
880
301
302
304
303
303
303
303
303
304
304
304
0.128
25
781
0.113
0.174
0.138
25
25
20
20
800
800
238
682
253
682
259
259
255,256
206
10
254,257
258
259
259
259
259
0.112
0.112(644)
Poly(vinyl n-butyl ether)

MEK
Poly(vinyl butyral) - acetylated
Acetone
Acetonitrile
rc-Butyl acetate
n-Butyl chloride
THF
Poiy(vinyl n-butyrate)
MEK
Poly(vinyl carbanilate)
Dioxane
PoIy(N-vinylcarbazole)
Benzene
0.0792
0.119
0.130
0.084
0.075
0.071
0.0684
0.159
0.210
0.219
0.222
0.225
0.228
0.231
0.268
0.214
0.282
Chloroform
Tetrachloroethane
THF
Poly(9-vinylcarbazole-c0-diethyl fumarate)
Benzene
Poly (N- vinyl- 3,6-dibromocarbazole)
o-Dichloroenzene
THF
Acetone
iso-Amyl acetate
Aq. NH4OH; pH 9-10 (latex)
-Butyl acetate
Cyclohexanone
0.0718
0.0723
0.079
0.0739
0.0758
0.0764
0.0767
0.098
0.200
0.112
0.0705
0.0714
0.0840
0.077
0.075
0.074
0.0727
0.0742
0.0746
0.0756
0.0701 (578)
0.0708 (578)
0.076(589)
0.078
0.0716(578)
0.0740 (578)
0.0745 (578)
0.0753 (578)
20
15.5
20
25
25
25
25
25
25
30
35
TABLE 1. cont'd
dnldc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
I0 = 436 nm
A0 = 546nm
A0 = 633 nm
Others
0.0905
0.0840
0.0900
0.0970
0.0940
0.075
0.074
0.0380
Diethyl adipate
Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate
0.085
0.0435
0.0465
0.0494
0.0518
Diethyl malonate
Diethyl oxalate
Diethyl succinate
Di-2-heptylnoyl phthalate
Di-fl-hexyl phthalate
0.094
0.103
0.094
0.0420
0.0250
0.0260
0.0280
0.0300
0.0260
0.0900
0.0925
Dimethyl phthalate
Dioxane
0.107
M w = 2.04 x iO6
1.78 x l O 6
0.107(589)
0.0850
0.0865
0.0395
0.069
0.078
0.0875
0.095
Di-rc-propyl phthalate
DMF
0.084
0.0816
Ethyl heptanoate
Tetrachloroethane
THF
0.104
0.11
0.0810
0.0813 (578)
0.102
0.1040
0.115
0.0432
0.0450
0.0540
0.0630
0.1017
0.110
0.1010(578)
T (0C)
50
50
75
75
95
20
25
25
20
25
50
80
105
20
20
20
25
25
50
70
105
25
25
25
255
256
256
255
256
682
851
256
682
256
256
256
256
682
682
682
256
256
256
256
256
256
256
260
25
25
206
261
28.5
28.5
25
25
50
75
95
262
262
256
256
256
256
256
258
259
682
255
255
255
255
259
265
258
266
263
261
256
206
267
259
259
259
259
34
264
682
637
851
267
255
255
255
255
255
25
20
20
25
50
75
16.5
RT
0.102
0.106
0.1124
0.119
0.1079
0.1067
0.1093
0.1118
0.105
0.1123
0.116
0.1065
0.1052
0.1053
0.1064
0.1087
0.1045
0.1065
0.115(589)
0.1068(578)
0.1046(578)
0.1059(578)
0.1093(578)
0.111
0.102
-, chlorinated 56.4,
58.3,
61.5,
63.4,
66.6,
wt.%
wt.%
wt.%
wt.%
wt.%
THF/water (91/9, v/v)

Cl
Tetrachloroethane
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
0.112 (/x)
0.106
0.1085 (^)
0.045
0.0424
0.525
0.0606
0.073
Refs.
20
25
25
25
25
25
25
30
35
35
20
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
TABLE 1. confd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Poly(vinyl
dimethylamylsilane)
Poly(vinyl
dimethylheptylsilane)
Poly(vinyl
dimethy lpheny lsilane)
Poly(vinyl ethyl ether)
Poly(vinyl
fluoride)
PoIy(N-vinyl-imidazole)
incr. with mol. wt.
Poly(vinyl isopropyl ether)

Poly(a-vinylnaphthalene)
Poly(P-vinylnaphthalene)
Poly(2~vinylpyridine)
Solvent
X0 = 436 nm
A0 = 546 nm
A0 = 633 nm
Others
Refs.
Cyclohexane
0.070
25
884
Cyclohexane
0.085
25
884
Cyclohexane
0.142
25
884
l-Methyl-2-pyirolidone
Tetramethylene sulfoxide
MEK
0.0736
DMF
DMA
DMF
DMSO
AW-dimethylethyleneurea
//-methyl pyrrolidone
3-methyltetramethylene sulfone
Tetramethylurea
0.080
0.049
RT
RT
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
695
695
250
268
986
986
986
986
986
986
986
986
0.235
0.224
25
25
25
887
719
719
0.224 (^)
25
719
0.0827
0.0944
25
25
Ethanol
Methanol
Tetrabutyl ammonium
bromide
Tetrabutyl ammonium
bromide
MEK
MEK
Chloroform
THF
Toluene
Benzene
Ethylene dichloride
ether
Toluene
Benzene
ether
ether/ethylene glycol
monomethyl ether
(56/44, v/v)
Aniline
Benzene
rc-Butanol
2-Butanol
Chloroform
0.02
-0.033
-0.023
-0.062
-0.055
- 0.046
-0.052
- 0.064
-0.042
-0.031
-0.021
-0.060
-0.053
- 0.044
-0.50
- 0.063
-0.040
0.180-0.192
0.192
0.239
0.268
0.175
0.217
0.248
24
24
24
250
250
842
842
842
300
300
300
0.162-0.192
0.182-0.197
0.215
0.309
0.167-0.181
0.194
0.284
24
24
24
24
300
300
300
300
0.283
0.258
24
300
25
25
25
25
23
25
35
25
25
25
25
907
907
907
907
34
907
39
907
907
907
907
271
271
797
0.044
0.063
0.001
0.023
0.107
0.209
0.216
0.1372
0.168
0.1215
Cyclohexanone
1,2-Dichloroethane
Dioxane
DMF
0.144
0.148
0.175
0.165
atactic
isotactic
0.157
0.163
DME/methacrylic acid
(95/5, v/v)
Ethanol
atactic
isotactic
isotactic
F( 0 C)
Ethanol -f 0.1M
sodium acetate
0.187(589)
20
0.195 (fj.) (589) 20

25
0.245
0.221
0.221
0.222
797
907
271
271
271
Next Page
TABLE 1. cont'd
dn/dc (ml/g)
Polymer
Solvent
A0 = 436 nm
MEK
Methanol
Af = 2.1 x 103-22.9 x 103
Poly(vinyl-2-pyridine)
0.950 Nitromethane/0.050
Nitroethane
n-Propanol
2-Propanol
THF
X0 = 546 nm
A0 = 633 nm
Others
0.215
25
RT
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
0.254
0.270
0.259-0.263
carbon tetrachloride
0.197
0.215
0.221
0.109
0.195
T (0C)
0.2020
0.1989
0.1918
0.1889
0.1847
0.1793
0.1740
0.1705
0.1684
0.1560
0.1525
0.1500
0.182
Chloroform
DMF
0.162
0.150
0.160
25
25
25
0.153
0.153
Ethanol
Ethanol/water (95/5, wAv)
Isopropanol
MEK/isopropanol
(85/15, w/w)
(86/14, w/w)
Methanol
Nitromethane
Phenyl cyanide
Poly(2-vinylpyridine 1-oxide) Aq. IMNaCl
2-Propanol
Poly(4-vinylpyridine ;V-oxide)Aq. 0.1 M NaCl
Chloroform
Methanol
25
25
0.224
0.267
25
25
0.180
0.159
0.152
0.052
0.209
0.241
0.108
0.185
0.181
0.180
0.179
0.179
Poly(vinyltrimethyl silane)
0.108
0.183
0.176
0.135
0.185
0.176
0.176
0.175
0.174
Water
KCl 0.35 M
0.65 M
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
25
25
25
25
0.220
Water
Mw=IOlOO
Mw = 35100
Mw =46400
Mw = 1540000
Poly(vinylsulfonic acid),
potassium salt
RT
0.231
0.231
0.224
0.221
25
25
25
0.176(578)
0.175 (578)
0.174(578)
0.173 (578)
0.181
0.181
0.185
0.179
0.01664 (/*)*
0.01638 (^)*
0.048
0.083
0.087
20
25
30
35
25
25
25
25
23
23
25
Refs.
907
680
907
909
967
967
967
967
967
967
967
967
967
967
967
967
907
907
907
907
907
272
907
146
146
658
680
273
273
274
274
274
274
275
275
275
146
679
640,987
679
306
201
193
193
306
792
792
792
792
948
948
948
948
308
308
307
307
884
* Expressed in i/g-segment.
P a r t i c l e
i n
S c a t t e r i n g
R a y l e i g h
F a c t o r s
S c a t t e r i n g
E d w a r d F. C a s a s s a
Department of Chemistry, Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
A. Introduction: General Relations for a

Homogeneous Solute
B. Scattering Factors for Various Molecular
Models
C. Effects of Dispersion in Molecular Weight
D. Determination of Molecular Weight and
Radius of Gyration
E. Calculation of Scattering Factors
F. Particle Scattering Factors
and Dissymmetries
Table 1. Dissymmetries for Monodisperse
Systems
Table 2. Dissymmetries for Monodisperse
and Polydisperse Coils
G. References
VII-629
where M is the molecular weight of the solute, c is the

concentration in units of mass/volume, Ai is the second
virial coefficient, and q is an angle variable
VII-630
VII-631
(A2)
VII-632
VII-633
VII-633
VII-634
VII-634
VII-635
A. INTRODUCTION: GENERAL RELATIONS FOR A

HOMOGENEOUS SOLUTE (1,2)
h denoting the refractive index of the solution, and A the

vacuum wavelength of the incident radiation. In the optical
constant (assuming incident radiation polarized perpendicular to the plane containing angle 9)
(A3)
dh/dc is the specific refractive index increment at constant
pressure and temperature, and NA is Avogadro's number.
The intensity R(q, c) is that due to the solute; the (relatively
weak) background solvent scattering is assumed to be that
measured for the pure solvent.
The first term on the right-hand side of Eq. (Al) contains
the intramolecular interference function, or particle scattering factor, defined by (4,5)
When electromagnetic radiation interacts with any fluid

medium, inhomogeneities in refractive index (dielectric
constant) arising from microscopic thermal fluctuations in
density and composition cause scattering of a small fraction
of the incident radiation. If scattering elements are spatially
correlated over distances of the order of magnitude of the
wavelength of the exciting radiation, the scattering is
subject to optical interferences that affect the angular
intensity distribution. This distribution can provide information on the size and shape of macromolecular solutes or
suspended colloidal particles: in principle, the molecular
radius of gyration is determinable unambiguously, and
calculated scattering distributions for idealized models can
be compared with experimental data to infer an acceptable
molecular conformation. However, an experimental scattering distribution does not permit a unique model assignment
in the absence of additional information or supposition.
The limiting dilute-solution behavior of the reduced
intensity R(q, c) (Rayleigh's ratio) of light scattered through
an angle 9 is given by (3)
the superscript zero denoting the limit of infinite dilution.

Thus the intensity distribution P(q) is normalized to unity at
zero scattering angle. Unless particle dimensions are
infinitesimally small compared with A, P(q) is less than
unity for q < 0; and for particles of less than colloidal
dimensions, it is almost always a monotonously decreasing
function of q throughout the accessible range of q with
visible light.
The second term of Eq. (Al) contains the effects of
pairwise interactions between solute molecules (and,
implicitly, of interactions involving solvent). The dimensionless angle factor, Q(q), is a function generally
unknown, dependent on both intermolecular and intramolecular correlations (3,6). Like P(q) it is normalized to
unity at 9 = 0, but usually the approximation is made that
Q(q) is unity at all angles so that
(Al)
(A5)
(A4)
replaces Eq. (Al). In all that follows, Eq. (A5), which is

Zimm's "single contact" approximation (4), is assumed to
hold for any macromolecular species in solution. At 6 = 0,
Eqs. (Al) and (A5) revert to a thermodynamic equation of a
state in virial form.
A scattering entity (polymer molecule, particle) may be
represented by n optically isotropic point scattering centers
whose spatial arrangement in any given conformation is
specified by n(n l)/2 n2 J2 vectors r,y, separating pairs
of scattering centers ij. The scattering function P(q) is then
where
(B4)
is Dawson's integral, for which tabulations are available
(9). The variable u is defined as in the first equality in
Eq. (B2), so that in this case u 2q2R2ori since the meansquare radius R\sin% is nb2/12.
For flexible regular-star branched molecules with /
identical arms (/ random-flight chains starting from a
common node), P(q) is given by (10,11)
(A6)
The vector q is the difference between vectorial wave
numbers of incident and scattered rays such that |q| <j, as
defined above. The nonsubscript i has the usual significance
of (-1) 1 / 2 , and F(Ty) is the probability distribution
function (probability density) for the vector r^. Since the
molecules in solution exhibit no preferential orientation in
space, F(r,y) is spherically symmetric, and P(q) assumes
the form (7)
(A7)
where the pointed brackets indicate averaging over
molecular conformations. It is evident from Eq. (A7) that
P(q) can be expanded in the even moments of the
intramolecular distances r//. It follows that (7)
(A8)
where Rg denotes the root-mean-square (rms) radius of
gyration of the molecule about its center of mass
(A9)
(B5)
The mean-square radius of the star model is
[ ( 3 / - 2)/f2][nb2/6\. Scattering functions have also been
calculated for certain random-flight comb-shaped models of
flexible backbones with uniform side chains (11). Provided
q2R2g < 2, a good approximation to P(q) for a variety of
branched chains and for the ring model is afforded by the
form of Eq. (Bl) for a linear chain with u replaced by gu, g
denoting the ratio of the mean-square radius of the
nonlinear structure to that of the linear chain of the same
mass (2,10).
Strictly, Eqs. (B1-B5) apply only to flexible chain
molecules in a theta solvent. To account approximately for
the chain expansion in a good solvent, the most obvious
expedient is to increase the statistical mean-square segment
length b2 by the same factor as that for the increase of the
overall mean-square radius over the unperturbed value and
assume that the foregoing equations still apply. Several
derivations (12-15) however, recognize the non-Gaussian
character of the segment distribution perturbed by the
excluded volume effect. Scattering factors have also been
obtained for another type of modification of the random
flight, the "wormlike" chain of Kratky and Porod, which
introduces a persistence length to account for chain
"stiffness'' (1,16).
For thin cylindrical rods of length L, P(q) is (7,17,18)
B. SCATTERING FACTORS FOR VARIOUS

MOLECULAR MODELS (1,2)
The scattering factor P{q) has been calculated for a number

of simple molecular geometries. For monodisperse randomflight (Gaussian) coils it is given by (7)
(B6)
(Bl)
(B2)
(B7)
where n is the number of equivalent statistical segments of
root-mean-square length b in the chain.
For a flexible-ring model (a long chain of Gaussian
segments constrained to have ends joined), P(q) is given
by (8)
(B3)
The "sine integral" function Si(^) is given in standard

tabulations (9). For large v this P(q) function asymptotically
approaches {n/2y) - (l/2y 2 ); and, in fact, the asymptotic
relation is less than 1% in error for v > 4. The four terms of
the series form given in Eq. (B6) are within 1% of the
correct value for y < 2.
For spheres of diameter D, P(q) is (7,18)
Series expansion of PX{Q) gives an average over the

mean-square radii of gyration R2gi of the solute species
(C5)
(B8)
where v = qD/2; and for thin disks of diameter D, the

function is (18)
(B9)
with w - qD/2, and J\(x), the Bessel function of the first
kind, of order one (9).
Scattering factors have been calculated for a variety of
more complicated particles; e.g., oblate and prolate
ellipsoids, cylinders of finite thickness, shells of different
forms, particles of nonuniform density, and assemblages
of simple geometrical shapes (see Ref. 19 and citations
therein).
C. EFFECTS OF DISPERSION IN MOLECULAR
WEIGHT (2)
(C6)
The average R\ is sometimes called the Z-average meansquare radius (for a distribution of random-flight chain
species R\ is proportional to the so-called Z-average
molecular weight
(C7)
Angular scattering functions Px{4) have been calculated
for various molecular size distributions. In particular,
distributions of linear random-flight chains have been
studied for the exponential weight-fraction distribution of
Schulz and Zimm (20)
(C8)
For a mixture of solutes all having the same specific

refractive increment, e.g., a polymer heterogeneous in
molecular weight, the reciprocal scattering function in
Eq. (A5), for the single-contact approximation, is replaced
by (2, 20-22)
(Cl)
Here, M w denotes the weight-average molecular weight
Y^jMjWi, Mj being the molecular weight of the /th solute
and Wj its weight fraction in the solute mixture; c is the total
solute concentration. The measured particle scattering
factor is the average
(C2)
where Pt(q) is the scattering factor for the ith polymer. The
quantity i42.app is an apparent, angle-dependent second
virial coefficient
with b = (h + 1)/M W ~ h/Mn, F(x) the gamma function,

and the dispersion parameter h 1/[M W /M n ) I]. For a
system of random flight chains with this distribution, the
averaged scattering factor is
(C9)
where Ux = Q2R\- For a monodisperse polymer, h is

infinite; and for increasing dispersion in molecular weight it
decreases towards zero. It is unity for the "most probable"
distribution (characteristic of the products of step-growth
polymerization at high conversion and of free-radical
polymerization at low conversion with chain transfer). In
this special case, Px{q) for random-flight linear chains is
given by the very simple relation (20)
(ClO)
(C3)
where By is the virial coefficient for interaction between
components i and j (Ba is just A2 for a solution of
component / alone). At the limit 9 0, A2,app reduces to a
true thermodynamic quantity:
(C4)
which might be described as a "light-scattering-average"
second virial coefficient (to distinguish it from the
analogous average obtained from an osmotic pressure
experiment).
Plots of [Px{q)\~{ versus Ux for h < 1 curve upward, and

for h > 1 curve downward.
The asymototic dependence of [Px(q)]~l for heterogeneous chains at large q is (23)
(CU)
so that, in principle, this dependence could provide information on M n . In practice, the experimental limit on q
imposed by the upper bound on 8 of 180 makes it difficult
to ascertain whether the asymptotic behavior is accessible,
even for polymers of high molecular weight.
Calculations for branched monodisperse Gaussian chain
models and for systems with certain distributions of
(C12)
where yw = (q/2) VL,-w,-, L{ being the length of the ith
rod species. For large qL, the asymptotic dependence
of [Kc/R(9)] on q (not q2) for rods of uniform diameter
and density is linear, and the slope of the plot is (L,/M/)/7r:
i.e., the slope yields the linear density or mass per unit rod
length, independent of any dispersion in L (28). If the rods
are heterogeneous in diameter, the limiting slope is
k E i ^ ^ i / ^ ' ) ] " Unlike the asymptotic behavior for
Gaussian coils, this asymptotic dependence for rods is
manifested in practical situations with both synthetic
polymers and biopolymers. Some care in interpretation is
needed, however. For thin oblate ellipsoids ("needles"), a
model seemingly scarcely different from thin cylinders, the
asymptotic dependence of [(Kc/R(O)]0 on q is also linear
but with slope 5/6 that for the cylinder system (28).
D. DETERMINATION OF MOLECULAR WEIGHT
AND RADIUS OF GYRATION
In general, information from a light scattering experiment
on a polymer/solvent system consists of an array of
intensity data determined at a number of concentrations
and a number of angles. These are usually represented
as values of the reciprocal intensity function KcZR(O1C).
The form of Eq. (A5) suggests use of the popular Zimm
plot: i.e., the values of Kc/R(O, c) are plotted against
Cic + C2 sin2(0/2), with C\ and C2 being arbitrary
constants chosen merely to separate data points conveniently, to form a gridlike pattern (4,20). In conformity with
Eq. (A5), a homogeneous polymer gives contours
at constant angles (0) that form a family of parallel straight
(or nearly parallel and straight) lines, and contours at
constant concentrations that form another family of curves
of similar shape, displaced from one another by translations. This representation, shown schematically in Figure 1,
facilitates simultaneous extrapolations of angular data to
Slope
Kc I R(q,c)
branching and molecular weight suggest as a reasonable

approximation for such heterogeneous systems in general,
the Px(q) obtained by replacement of the variable u in
Eq. (Bl) by (ux)xR2x/(R2x)v
where (ux){ and ( ^ ) 1
denote ux and Rx, as defined above, for the system of linear
chains with the same weight distribution as the structurally
heterogeneous system. Derivations of P(q) for randomly
branched systems have been based on cascade models and
moment generating functions (24-26). Branching and
molecular-weight dispersion have opposing effects on the
P(q) function and in randomly branched systems are largely
compensatory (2,26). Interestingly, however, the asymptotic
behavior of P(q) for Gaussian chains is unaffected by chain
branching; it depends only on molecular weight and weight
distribution (10).
Px(q) has been obtained in closed analytical form for
systems of thin rodlike (cylindrical) particles distributed in
length (and therefore in mass) according to Eq. (C8) for
integral values of the parameter h (27). For A = I , the result
is
q 2 + const x c
Figure 1. Schematic Zimm plot for a solute polydisperse in

molecular weight, illustrating empirical determination of averaged molecular weight MW/ scattering factor Px{cj), and radius of
gyration Rx according to Eq. 19. The filled circles simulate
experimental data; the open circles represent extrapolations to
zero scattering angle and zero concentration.
zero concentration and concentration data to zero angle,
and extrapolation of both limiting dependences to a
common intercept [Kc/R(0,c)]. In general, the ratio
of the initial slope to the intercept of the angular plot
extrapolated to c ~ 0 is 167r2rc2/?|/3A2; the slope of
the concentration dependence extrapolated to (9 = 0 is
twice the averaged second virial coefficient A2 , and
the double limit [Kc/R(0,c)] is M~l. The dominant
cause of lack of parallelism of the contours in experimental Zimm plots is dispersion in molecular weight
(cf. Eqs. C19, C21).
If both the molecular architecture of a polymer in
solution and its molecular weight dispersion are known, the
scattering function Px(q) is known (in principle) and can be
combined with limited angular scattering data to deduce
Mw and R\. Thus, in the "dissymmetry" method (7)
scattered intensities at 90 and the ratio of intensities at 45
and 135 (or another pair of complementary angles) are
measured for each concentration. Then the extrapolated
transverse scattering function [Kc/R(qgo)} and the extrapolated dissymmetry ratio
(Dl)
determine the molecular weight and radius of gyration,
given the Px(q) function. Tables correlating Z45 with
P~l(#90) and the molecular dimensions have been
compiled for monodisperse coils (5,29), rods (5,29),
spheres (5,29), and disks (5,29,30), and for polydisperse
coils (5,31).
Except for routine characterization of systems of
well known character exhibiting low dissymmetry, the
dissymmetry method cannot be recommended if a
photometer is available that is capable of a full complement of angular readings. Apart from the desirability of
determining Mw and R\ without assumptions, it is
helpful to have the maximum amount of information as an

aid in detecting any spurious angular dependence of
scattering due to instrumental artifacts or to contamination
by "dust".
In current practice, photometers that do not provide
scattering measurements over a continuous angular range,
are typically dedicated to the limited task of monitoring the
output stream in size exclusion chromatography, perhaps on
line with other detection modes. In this application, passage
of the polymer through the chromatographic column
effectively eliminates the problem of contamination by
foreign particulate matter. One popular instrument of this
kind reads scattering only at right angles and at 15.
The Bessel function J1(Jc) for x > 3 (Ref. 34):
E. CALCULATIONS OF SCATTERING FACTORS

Figure 2 and Tables 1 and 2 illustrate some quantitative
comparisons among scattering factors for several molecular
models and the effects of dispersion in molecular weight for
Gaussian coils. Tables of P{q) and Z45 in the older literature
are much more extensive and reflect the needs of a time
without widely available computer technology. Today, for
careful work to compare experimental R(q, 0) data with
theoretical scattering functions, investigators will find it
preferable to return to the mathematical functions and write
computer routines to do calculations for data analysis rather
than to routinely interpolate in tables. For those who may
wish to use a traditional programming language such as
FORTRAN, the following rational approximation formulas
will facilitate accurate calculation of the special functions
that appear in the various expressions for P(q).
The sine integral Si(x) for x < 1 (Refs. 32,33):
Modern mathematics programs such as Mathematica and

Maple constitute higher level languages that make possible
direct operations with special functions on a personal
computer (35,36).
F. PARTICLE SCATTERING FACTORS AND
DISSYMMETRIES
sphere
disk
ring
llP{q)
4-star
coil
rod
The Bessel function Jx(x) for 0 < x < 3 (Ref. 34):
Figure 2. Reciprocal scattering factors yP{q) versus q2R2 for

monodisperse systems of the models indicated. R2 is: nb2/6
(linear Gaussian coil); 5nb2/48 (4-branch regular star); nb2/M
(flexible ring); L2/12 (thin rod); D2/8 (disk); 3D2/20 (sphere).
TABLE 1. DISSYMMETRIES FOR MONODISPERSE SYSTEMS

Z45 and P- 1 Cô)
R%h/ X
Coil
4-Starfl
Rod
Disk
Sphere
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
1.000 (1.000) *
1.004(1.003)
1.015(1.011)
1.034(1.024)
1.060(1.043)
1.000 (1.000)
1.004(1.003)
1.015(1.011)
1.034(1.024)
1.061(1.043)
1.000 (1.000)
1.004(1.003)
1.015(1.011)
1.034(1.024)
1.060(1.043)
1.000 (1.000)
1.004(1.003)
1.015(1.011)
1.034(1.024)
1.061(1.043)
1.000 (1.000)
1.004(1.003)
1.015(1.011)
1.034(1.024)
1.062(1.043)
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
1.094 (1.067)
1.136(1.097)
1.186(1.133)
1.245(1.175)
1.311 (1.224)
1.095 (1.067)
1.139(1.098)
1.191(1.135)
1.253(1.178)
1.325 (1.229)
1.093 (1.067)
1.137(1.097)
1.187(1.133)
1.245(1.176)
1.311 (1.225)
1.097 (1.068)
1.143(1.099)
1.200(1.138)
1.268(1.183)
1.351 (1.237)
1.098 (1.068)
1.146(1.100)
1.204 (1.139)
1.277 (1.186)
1.365 (1.242)
0.10
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
1.386(1.280)
1.469(1.342)
1.559(1.412)
1.657(1.490)
1.761(1.575)
1.407(1.287)
1.500(1.353)
1.604(1.428)
1.720(1.512)
1.848(1.607)
1.384(1.280)
1.463(1.343)
1.546(1.412)
1.632(1.488)
1.717(1.570)
1.448(1301)
1.564(1.374)
1.700 (1.459)
1.859(1.558)
2.044(1.671)
1.473(1.308)
1.604(1.386)
1.765(1.477)
1.963(1.584)
2.208(1.710)
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.19
1.872(1.669)
1.987 (1.771)
2.108(1.881)
2.231 (2.001)
2.357 (2.129)
1.987(1.712)
2.138 (1.828)
2.299(1.957)
2.470 (2.098)
2.650 (2.253)
1.801(1.659)
1.879 (1.753)
1.951(1.853)
2.013 (1.956)
2.067 (2.063)
2.258(1.800)
2.504 (1.949)
2.783(2.120)
3.096 (2.315)
3.439 (2.538)
2.514(1.858)
2.901 (2.034)
3.397(2.242)
4.045 (2.490)
4.906 (2.789)
0.20
0.21
0.22
0.23
0.24
2.485(2.266)
2.613 (2.413)
2.741(2.568)
2.868 (2.733)
2.993(2.906)
2.837(2.422)
3.030 (2.606)
3.277(2.806)
3.427 (3.022)
3.627(3.254)
2.110(2.171)
2.145 (2.279)
2.173(2.387)
2.195 (2.493)
2.212(2.597)
3.807(2.791)
4.190 (3.079)
4.574(3.403)
4.942 (3.768)
5.278(4.174)
6.080(3.149)
7.724 (3.589)
10.112(4.130)
0.25
0.26
0.27
0.28
0.29
3.116(3.089)
3.236(3.280)
3.353 (3.481)
3.466 (3.690)
3.576 (3.908)
3.826(3.502)
4.022(3.768)
4.214 (4.051)
4.400 (4.350)
4.579 (4.667)
2.226(2.698)
2.238(2.796)
2.249 (2.892)
2.259 (2.985)
2.268 (3.076)
5.566(4.622)
5.797(5.112)
5.970 (5.640)
6.089 (6.202)
6.163 (6.788)
a
b
Regular star with four arms.

Entries in parentheses indicate P~l(qg0) values.
TABLE 2.
DISSYMMETRIES FOR MONODISPERSE AND POLYDISPERSE COILS*
P-(^)
Z45
p =l
/t> = 1 . 2
and ( ^
(*^ 2 )
/7 = 1 . 5
p = 2.0
p = 5.0
1.00
1.02
1.04
1.06
1.08
1.000(O)6
1.014(23)
1.028 (33)
1.042 (40)
1.056(46)
1.000(0)
1.014(21)
1.028 (30)
1.042 (37)
1.056(43)
1.000(0)
1.014(20)
1.028 (29)
1.042 (35)
1.056(40)
1.000(0)
1.014(19)
1.028 (27)
1.042 (33)
1.056(38)
1.000(0)
1.014(17)
1.028 (24)
1.042 (30)
1.056(35)
1.10
1.12
1.14
1.16
1.18
1.070 (51)
1.085(56)
1.099(61)
1.113(65)
1.128(69)
1.070 (48)
1.085(53)
1.099(57)
1.114(61)
1.129(65)
1.071 (45)
1.086(49)
1.100(53)
1.115(57)
1.130(61)
1.071 (43)
1.086(47)
1.101(51)
1.116(54)
1.131(58)
1.071 (39)
1.087(43)
1.102(47)
1.116(50)
1.133(53)
1.20
1.22
1.24
1.26
1.28
1.142(72)
1.157(76)
1.171(79)
1.186(82)
1.201(85)
1.143(68)
1.159(71)
1.173(75)
1.189(78)
1.204(80)
1.145(64)
1.161(67)
1.176(71)
1.191(73)
1.207(76)
1.146(61)
1.162(64)
1.177(67)
1.193(70)
1.210(73)
1.148(56)
1.164(59)
1.180(62)
1.196(65)
1.213(68)
TABLE 2. conf'c/
P ^ 9 0 ) and ( ^
Z45
P= I
p = 1.2
(Rl)1J^
p = 1.5
p = 2.0
p = 5.0
1.30
1.40
1.50
1.60
1.70
1.215(88)
1.290(102)
1.366(113)
1.444(124)
1.524(134)
1.219(83)
1.297(97)
1.377(109)
1.460(119)
1.546(129)
1.222(79)
1.303(92)
1.387(104)
1.473(115)
1.564(125)
1.225(76)
1.308(88)
1.394(100)
1.484 (111)
1.578(121)
1.229(70)
1.314(82)
1.404(93)
1.498(104)
1.597(114)
1.80
1.90
2.00
2.10
2.20
1.607 (144)
1.693(152)
1.781(161)
1.874(169)
1.969(178)
1.636 (139)
1.729(149)
1.826(158)
1.927(167)
2.032(175)
1.659 (135)
1.758(145)
1.861(154)
1.971(163)
2.084(172)
1.677 (131)
1.782(141)
1.890(150)
2.007(160)
2.128(169)
1.703 (125)
1.815(134)
1.932(144)
2.058(154)
2.190(163)
2.30
2.40
2.50
2.60
2.70
2.069 (185)
2.174(194)
2.283 (201)
2.397 (209)
2.517 (217)
2.143 (184)
2.260(192)
2.382 (201)
2.510 (209)
2.645 (218)
2.205 (181)
2.332(190)
2.466 (199)
2.607 (209)
2.757 (218)
2.257 (178)
2.393(188)
2.538 (198)
2.691 (207)
2.855 (217)
2.332 (173)
2.484(183)
2.645 (193)
2.817 (203)
3.003 (214)
2.80
2.90
3.00
3.50
4.00
2.643
2.776
2.916
3.755
4.948
2.788
2.939
3.099
4.070
5.488
2.916
3.085
3.264
4.375
6.044
3.029
3.215
3.414
4.665
6.601
3.202 (225)
3.416 (236)
3.648 (247)
5.145 (312)
7.588 (397)
11
b
(225)
(233)
(240)
(283)
(333)
(227)
(235)
(244)
(292)
(349)
(227)
(236)
(246)
(299)
(364)
(227)
(237)
(247)
(305)
(377)
Polydisperse systems characterized by the Schulz-Zimm distribution: p A/ w /A/,,.

Entries in parentheses denote weight-average value of R2%.
G. REFERENCES
1. H. Yamakawa, "Modern Theory of Polymer Solutions",
Harper and Row, New York, 1971, Ch. 5.
2. E. F. Casassa, G. C. Berry, in: P. E. Slade Jr., (Ed.),
"Polymer Molecular Weights", Marcel Dekker, New York,
1975, C. 5.
3. A. C. Albrecht, J. Chem. Phys., 27, 1014 (1957).
5. P. Doty, R. F. Steiner, J. Chem. Phys., 18 1211 (1950).
6. E. F. Casassa, J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. Ed., 17, 2077
(1979).
7. P. Debye, J. Phys. Colloid Chem., 51, 18 (1947).
8. E. F. Casassa, J. Polym. Sci. A, 3, 605 (1965).
9. M. Abramovitz, I. A. Stegun (Eds.), "Handbook of Mathematical Functions with Formulas, Graphs, and Mathematical
Tables", National Bureau of Standards Applied Mathematics
Series 55, US Government Printing Office, Washington DC,
10th printing, 1972.
10. H. Benoit, J. Polym. Sci., 11, 507 (1953).
11. E. F. Casassa, G. C. Berry, J. Polym. Sci. A-2, 4, 881 (1966).
12. H. Benoit, Compt. Rend., 245, 2244 (1957).
13. O. B. Ptitsyn, Zh. Fiz. Khim., 31, 1091 (1957).
14. A. J. Hyde, J. H. Ryan, F. T Wall, J. Polym. Sci., 33, 129
(1958).
15. P. J. Flory, R. L. Jernigan, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 90, 3128
(1968).
16. A. Peterlin, in: M. Kerker, (Ed.), "Electromagnetic Scattering", Pergamon Press, New York, 1963, p. 357.
17. T. Neugebauer, Ann. Phys., 42, 509 (1943).

18. O. Kratky, J. Porod, J. Colloid Sci., 4, 35 (1949).
19. M. Kerker, "The scattering of Light and other Electromagnetic Radiation", Academic Press, New York, 1969, Ch. 8.
21. J. G. Kirkwood, R. J. Goldberg, J. Chem. Phys., 18, 54
(1950).
22. W. H. Stockmeyer, J. Chem. Phys., 18, 58 (1950).
23. H. Benoit, J. Polym. Sci., 11, 507 (1953).
24. A. H. Dautzenberg, C. Ruscher, J. Polym. Sci. C, 16, 2913
(1967).
25. K. Kajiwara, W. Burchard, M. Gordon, Brit. Polym. J., 2,
110(1970).
26. W. Burchard, Macromolecules, 10, 919 (1977).
27. M. Goldstein, J. Chem. Phys., 21, 1255 (1953).
28. E. F. Casassa, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 78, 3980 (1956).
29. W. H. Beattie, C. Booth, J. Phys. Chem., 64, 696 (1960).
30. P. Becher, J. Phys. Chem., 63, 1213 (1959).
31. W. H. Beattie, C. Booth, J. Polym. Sci., 44, 81 (1960).
32. M. Abramovitz, I. A. Stegun (Eds.), "Handbook of Mathematical Functions with Formulas, Graphs, and Mathematical Tables", National Bureau of Standards Applied
Mathematics Series 55, US Government Printing Office,
Washington DC, p. 232.
33. C. Hastings, Jr., "Approximations for Digital Computers",
Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1955, pp. 197,
199.
34. M. Abramovitz, I. A. Stegun (Eds.), "Handbook of Mathematical Functions with Formulas, Graphs, and Mathematical Tables", National Bureau of Standards Applied
Mathematics Series 55, US Government Printing Office,
Washington DC, p. 370.
35. S. Wolfram, The Mathematica Book, Wolfram Media,

Champaign, Illinois, 1996.
36. B. W. Char, K. O. Geddes, K. H. Gonnet, B. L. Leong, M. B.
Monagan, S. M, Watt, "First Leaves: ATutorial Introduction
to Maple V", Springer, New York, 1992.
D i p o l e
M o m e n t s
o f
P o l y m e r s
i n
S o l u t i o n
J. F. Salort
C/Azalea 200, 28109-Madrid, Spain
C. Salom
Escuela Tecnica Superior de lngenieros Aeronauticos, Universidad Politecnica, Madrid, Spain
E. Riande
lnstituto de Ciencia y Tecnologfa de Polfmeros, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientfficas, Madrid, Spain
A. Introduction
VII-637
B. Dipole Moments of Polymers In Solution
VII-638
Table 1. Polyoxides (Polyethers)
VII-638
Table 2. Polysulfides (Polythioethers)
VII-639
Table 3. Hydroxyl Terminated Oxide/Sulfide
Copolymers
VII-640
Table 4. Polyesters Derived from Aromatic
Diacids
VII-640
Table 5. Aliphatic and Cycloaliphatic
Polyesters
VII-641
Table 6. Polycarbonates
VII-641
Table 7. Vinyl Polymers
VII-642
Table 8. Acrylic Polymers
VII-643
Table 9. Methacrylic Polymers
VII-644
Table 10. ltaconate Polymers
VII-644
Table 11. Polydienes
VII-644
Table 12. Silicon Based Polymers
VII-645
Table 13. Styrene Copolymers
VII-645
C. References
VII-646
A.
INTRODUCTION
Each conformation of a polymer chain has a dipole

moment, \x, in Debye units D (=10 ~18 x u.e.e. x 1 cm or
3.338 x 10" 30 C x m), equal to the vectorial sum of the
moments of Af dipolar groups along the chain, that is,
}JL(Q = Ylimi> where ra, is the dipole moment associated
with the skeletal bond / in the conformation (. The
mean-square dipole moment {JJL1) can be written as (22,91)
(Al)
where ra, and m; are the dipole moments associated with

the skeletal bonds i and j , respectively, and the brackets
mean averages. For a freely jointed chain, the last term in
Eq. (Al) averages to zero, and the corresponding meansquare dipole moment is given by
(A2)
The values of the mean-square dipole moment are
currently expressed in terms of the dipole moment ratio,
Dn (/i 2 )/ Yl mh o r ^ e dipolar correlation coefficient, g,
by means of the following expression:
(A3)
Debye (13) pioneered the theories which allow calculation of the dipole moments of molecules in the vapor or gas
phase. Other theories (23,32,53) developed to determine the
dipole moments of molecules in the liquid state were not so
successful because of the difficulties involved in defining
the internal field in a polar, condensed medium. This
problem was circumvented by calculating the dipole
moment of polymers and polar liquids in very dilute
solutions using nonpolar solvents. In this way, the solute
molecules are separated from one another by nonpolar
molecules, and the dielectric behavior of the system
resembles that of a gaseous condition. The method developed by Guggenheim (27) and Smith (106), based on this
approach, permits calculation of the mean-square dipole
moments of polymers by means of the following equation:
(A4)
where k% and NA are, respectively, the Boltzmann constant

and Avogadro's number, M is the molecular weight of the
solute, T the absolute temperature, p and e \ the density and
the dielectric permitivity of the solvent, respectively. The
term de/dw (proportional to the total polarization of the
solute) can be obtained from plots of the dielectric
permitivity of the solution, e, against the weight fraction
of solute w, in the limit w 0. The values of dn2/dw
(proportional to the electronic polarization) can be obtained
from the increments of the indices of refraction of the
solution n with respect to that of the solvent n \, also in the
limit w > 0. A shortcoming of this equation is that a
ficticious atomic polarization (instead of the true one) is
assumed. However, with the exception of the silicones, the
atomic polarization for most systems is less than 10% of the
electronic polarization and, consequently, the error involved
in the determination of (IJL2) with Eq. (A4) is negligible.
The mean-square dipole moment presents some advantages
over other more traditional conformation-dependent properties such as the mean-square end-to-end distance (r 2 ) 0 . For
example, since the skeletal bonds change much more in

polarity than they do in length, (fj,2) is usually more
sensitive to structure than {r2}0. Moreover, with the
exception of a relatively few number of polymers that have
dipole moments in their structure with a component parallel
and the other perpendicular to the chain contour, excluded
volume effects are negligible.
In the tables, the dipole moments are expressed in terms
of either the dipolar correlation coefficient g, or the meansquare dipole moment per repeating unit, {JJL2)/X. For
relatively long chains in which dipole contributions of the
end groups are not important, (^2}/x and g are related by
(A5)
where x is the degree of polymerization, and ^Q is the sum
of the squares of the dipole moments associated with the
repeating unit. Below the generic name of each family of
polymers, the dipole moments associated with the backbone
are indicated.
B. DIPOLE MOMENTS OF POLYMERS IN SOLUTION

TABLE 1. POLYOXIDES (POLYETHERS)*
Polymer
Poly(oxymethylene)
Polyformaldehyde
With x = l
With x = 2
With x = infinite
Poly(oxyethylene)
x = 2-6
M n = 4000
X= 1-6
x = 4.0-176.2
x = 4.1-153.0
x = 1-33,6
M n = 4000
x = 1-7
x = 2-227
Poly(oxypropylene)
Poly(propylene oxide)
x = 6.6-69.0
Poly(oxytrimethylene)
Poly(trimethylene oxide)
Poly[oxy(2,2-dimethyltrimethylene)]
Poly(3,3 -dimethyloxetane)
M n = 8500
Mn = 19000
Mn = 35000
Poly [oxy( 1 -methyltrimethylene)]
Poly(2~methyloxetane)
Mn = 13000
Poly[oxy(2-methyltrimethylene)]
Poly(3-methyloxetane)
Mn = 125000
Solvent
Temp. (0C)
gorDn
(/J2)/JC, D 2
Remarks
0.1
0.29
0.3
Refs.
Benzene
Benzene
Melt
25
25
202
109
109
56
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
Dioxane
Benzene
20
20-60
25
25
25
20
20-60
25
20-30
Benzene
Benzene
Dioxane
25
25
25
0.54
0.49
Benzene
25
0.41
50
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
20-60
30-60
30-60
0.25-0.30
0.20-0.22
0.21-0.23
94
25
25
Cyclohexane
30-60
0.36-0.41
78
Cyclohexane
30-60
0.35-0.38
77
1.32-1.23
0.603-0.644
1.30-1.14
2.82-1.28
2.59-1.28
1.99-1.19
0.621-0.693
End groups: -OC 2 H 5

m(CH 2 -O) = 0.99Z)
End groups: -OC 2 H 5
W(CH2-O) = 0.99D
2.82-1.66
2.13-1.14
1.96-1.04
Isotactic
Isotactic
47
59
34
46
2
45
4
110
47
45
1
1
*If not indicated otherwise, the dipole moments associated with the skeletal bonds used in the calculation of g were m(CH 2 -0) = 1.07D,
m(CH 2 -CH 2 ) = 0>, and m(O-H)= 1.7D.
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
Temp. (0C)
Poly(oxytetramethylene)
Polytfetramethylene oxide)
M n =2500
Benzene
Mn-408000
Benzene
Poly[oxy(2-methyltetramethylene)]
Poly(3-methyltetrahydrofuran)
M n = 6700
Benzene
Poly(oxyhexamethylene)
Poly(hexamethylene oxide)
M n = 5500
Benzene
Mn = 2460
Benzene
Poly(oxydecamethylene)
Polyidecam ethy Ien e oxide)
M n = 2000
Benzene
Poly(oxyethyleneoxyrnethylene)
Poly(l,3-dioxo!ane)
M n = 12000
Benzene
M n =16000
Benzene
M n =42000
Benzene
Poly(oxytetrarnethyleneoxymethylene)
PoIy ( 1,3-dioxepane)
M n = HOOO
Benzene
Poly(oxypentamethyleneoxymethylene)
Poly( 1,3 -dioxocane)
M n = 1850
Benzene
Mn = 2560
Benzene
M n = 3700
Benzene
Poly(oxyhexamethyleneoxymethylene)
Poly( 1,3 -dioxonane)
M n =4020
Benzene
Mn = 2600
Benzene
Poly(7/rm.s-oxymethylene-1,4-cyclohexyIeneoxymethylene)
Poly( trans-1,4-cyclohexane dimethanol alt-formaldehyde)
Mn =6500
Benzene '
Poly(oxypropyleneoxy methylene)
Poly [(4-methyl)-1,3-dioxolane]
M n =40000
Benzene
M n =48000
Benzene
Poly(fra/is-7-oxabicyclo-[4.3.0Jnonane)
Poly(trans-7-oxabkyclo-[4.3.0]nonane)
Benzene
g or Dn
(n2)/x, D2
ra(CH
20-60
20-60
Remarks
2 -O) =
Refs.
0.99D
0.60-0.65
0.59-0.65
30-60
61
4
0.52-0.55
81
ra(CH
35-60
35-60
2 -O) =
0.99D
0.65-0.68
0.64-0.67
59
80
ra(CH
35-60
2-O) =
0.99D
0.64-0.68
61
Polyformals: alternating
copolymer of methylene
oxide and alkylene oxide
20-60
20-60
20-60
0.160-0.204
0.164-0.213
0.177-0.227
62
62
62
25-60
0.160-0.190
63
20-60
20-60
20-60
0.190-0.232
0.183-0.207
0.168-0.207
64
64
64
20-60
20-60
0.190-0.230
0.180-0.217
64
64
20-60
0.17-0.21
71
20-60
20-60
0.237-0.281
0.216-0.256
73
73
30-60
0.63-0.66
111
TABLE 2. POLYSULFIDES (POLYTHIOETHERS)*

Polymer
Poly(thiotrimethylene)
PoIy(trimethylene su lfide)
M n = 14000
Poly(thiopentamethylene)
Poly(pentamethylene sulfide)
M n = 3200
Solvent
Temp. (0C)
g or Dn
Benzene
20-60
0.60-0.63
Benzene
20-60
0.75-0.78
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
20-60
20-60
20-60
20-60
20-60
20-60
20-60
0.434-0.449
0.362-0.407
0.429-0.458
0.325-0.347
0.448-0.460
0.357-0.389
0.386-0.420
(n2)/x,D2
Remarks
Refs.
75
End bonds: CH 2 -Br;

m(CH 2 -Br)=1.96D
74
Poly(thiopropylene)
Polyipwpylene sulfide)
Mn
Mn
Mw
Mn
Mn
Mn
= 5000000
=5000000
= 1.6 x l O 6
=5000
=6000
=1.6 x l O 6
Isotactic
Isotactic
67
68
68
68
67
67
68
* Wt(CH2-CH2) = 0A m(CH 2 -S)=1.2LD, m(6-H) = 1.7D.
TABLE 2. cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
Poly[thio(2,2-dimethyltrimethylene)]
Poly {3,3-dimethylthietane)
M n = 8200
Benzene
Poly(thiopentamethylenethioethylene)
Poly(ethylene sulfide-alt-pentamethylene sulfide)
Mn = 3800
Benzene
Temp, (0C)
gorDn
30-60
0,62-0.63
30-60
0.64-0.67
Poly(thiopentamethylenethiomethylene)
PoIy(1,3-dithiocane)
Mn = 14000
Benzene
20-60
Poly(thiomethylene-1,4-cyclohexylenemethylenethiomethylene) trans
Mn = 8000
Benzene
30-60
0.26-0.31
TABLE 3.
Polymer
(fi2)/x,D2
Remarks
Refs.
72
End bonds: CH 2 -Br,

m(CH 2 -Br)=1.96D
Alternating copolymer of
pentamethylene sulfide
and methylene sulfide
0.176-0.207
70
112
54
HYDROXYL TERMINATED OXIDE/SULFIDE COPOLYMERS0

Solvent
Poly(thioethyleneoxyethylene)
Poly(thiodiethylene glycol)
M n = 13000
Benzene
M n = 8000
Benzene
Poly(thiomethyleneoxymethylenethiopentamethylene)
Poly(3-oxa-1,5-dithiadeca-methylene)
M n = 5200
Benzene
Poly(oxymethyleneoxyethylenethioethylene)
PoIy(1,3-dioxa-6-thiocane)
M n = 2500
Benzene
M n = 3000
Benzene
Poly(oxymethyleneoxyethylenethiomethylenethioethylene)
Alternating copolymer of 1,3-dioxolane and 1,3-dithiolane
Benzene
Temp. (0C)
g or Dn
Remarks
Alternating copolymer of
ethylene sulfide and
methylene sulfide
Refs.
20-60
20-60
0.607-0.648
0.627-0.659
66
66
30-60
0.323-0.358
84
20-60
20-60
0.419-0.432
0.419-0.432
65
65
30
0.26
66
fl
m(CH2-CH2) = 0Z), m(CH 2 -0)= 1.07D, m(CH2-S)= 1.21D.
TABLE 4.
Polymer
POLYESTERS DERIVED FROM AROMATIC DIACIDS*

Solvent
Poly[di(oxyethylene) oxyterephthaloyl]
Poly(diethyleneglycol terephthalate)
M n = 2500
Benzene
Poly[di(oxyethylene) oxyisophthaloyl]
Poly(diethyleneglycol isophthalate)
M n = 5900
Benzene
Poly[di(oxyethylene) oxyphthaloyl)
Poly(diethyleneglycol phthalate)
M n = 10300
Benzene
Poly(oxypropyleneoxyterephthaloyl)
Poly(propyleneglycol terephthalate)
M n = IlOOO
Benzene
Poly[di(oxypropylene) oxyterephthaloyl)
Poly(dipropyleneglycol terephthalate)
M n = IOOOO
Benzene
Poly(tri(oxytrimethylene) oxyterephthaloyl)
Poly(triethyleneglycol terephthalate)
M n =7800
Benzene
Poly[di(oxytrimethylene) oxyterephthaloyl]
Poly(ditrimethyleneglycol terephthalate)
Mn =15500
Benzene
(Poly(thioethyleneoxyethyleneoxyterephthaloyl)
Poly(thiodiethyleneglycol terephthalate)
M n = 6400
Dioxane
Temp. (0C)
g or Dn
35-60
0.688-0.692
60
30-60
0.691-0.692
79
30-60
0.637-0.679
86
30-60
0.582-0.609
87
30-60
0.715-0.750
14
30-60
0.677-0.695
82
30-60
0.805-0.798
26
40-70
0.540-0.552
Remarks
m(CH 2 -S) = 1.21D
'Hydroxyl terminated polyesters m(C6H5COOCH2) = 1.98Z); m(CH2-O) (ether)= 1.07D; m(CH2-CH2) = 0D; m(O-H) = LlD.
Refs.
69
TABLE 5. ALIPHATIC AND CYCLOALIPHATIC POLYESTERS*

Polymer
Solvent
Poly[oxy (2,2-dirnethyltrimethylene) oxysuccinoyl]

Poly(neopentylglycol succinate)
M n = 6900
Benzene
Poly(oxysuccinoyloxymethylene-1,4-cyclohexylenemethylene) trans
Poly(trans-l,4-cyclohexane dimethanol succinate)
M n = 5800
Dioxane
Poly[oxy(2,2-dimethyltrimethylene) oxyadipoyl]
Poly(neopentylglycol adipate)
M n =5500
Benzene
Poly(oxyadipoyloxymethylene-1,4-cyclohexylenemethylene) cis
Poly(cis-1,4-cyclohexane dimethanol adipate)
M n = IlOOO
Benzene
M n = IlOOO
Dioxane
Poly(oxy adipoyloxymethylene-1,4-cyclohexylenemethylene) trans
Poly(trans-1,4-cyclohexane dimethanol adipate)
M n = IOOOO
Dioxane
Poly(oxysebacoyloxymethylene-1,4-cyclohexylenemethylene) trans
Poly(trans-1,4-cyclohexane dimethanol sebacate)
M n =4600
Benzene
Poly[oxy(2,2-dimethyltrimethylene) oxyhexafluoroglutaroyl]
Poly(neopentylglycol hexafluoroglutarate)
M n = 3640
Benzene
Poly[oxy(2,2-dimethyltrimethylene) oxyglutaroyl]
Poly(neopentylglycol glutarate)
M n =4500
Benzene
Poly(oxysebacoyloxymethylene-1,4-cyclohexylenemethylene) cis
Poly(cis-1,4-cyclohexane dimethanol sebacate)
M n = 5200
Benzene
Poly[di(oxyethylene) oxycarbonyl-1,4-cyclohexylenecarbonyl] trans
Poly(diethyleneglycol-1,4-trans-cyclohexane dicarboxylate)
M n = 5300
Benzene
Temp. (0C)
g or Dn
(fi2)/x
30-60
0.548-0.586
88
70
0.454
90
30-60
0.653-0.688
85
30-60
30-60
0.950-0.972
0.914-0.959
90
90
50-70
0.596-0.65
90
30-60
0.631-0.709
83
Refs.
30-60
9.16-9.78
58
30-60
4.26-4.52
58
300-60
0.983-1.04
83
30-60
0.585-0.608
89
* Hydroxyl terminated polyesters m(CH2COOCH2)= 1.89D.

TABLE 6.
POLYCARBONATES
Polymer
Solvent
Temp. (0C)
(p2)/x,D2
Remarks
Refs.
Poly(oxycarbonyloxy-1,4-phenylene-1 -(R)-1 -methylmethylene-1,4-phenylene)

Polycarbonate
x = 97
JC = 88
x 73
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
25
25
25
9.36
11.70
17.64
R = 3-chlorophenyl
R = 4-chlorophenyl
28
28
28
Benzene
25
1,4-Dioxane
25
1,4-Dioxane
25
Benzene
25
Benzene
25
2,2/-bis(4-hydroxylphenyl)propane)
2,2/-bis(4-hydroxylphenyl)propane)
1,4-Dioxane
25
l,l/-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-l-(3-chlorophenyl)ethane)
Benzene
25
1,17-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethane)
Benzene
25
1.69
1.88
2.07
2.76
2.13
R = isobutyl
R= H
R = phenyl
R= H
R = ethyl
21
21
21
21
21
Poly(thiocarbonate)
Poly(thiocarbonate)
x= 128
x = 75
JC = 2 8 0
JC = 7 5
x = 49
Poly(thiocarbonate
Poly(thiocarbonate
M n =9400
Poly(thiocarbonate
Poly(thiocarbonate
With JC = 97
Poly(thiocarbonate
Poly(thiocarbonate
With x = 88
of
of
of
of
of
of
0.92
97
7.40
99,28
6.05
99,28
TABLE 6. cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
Temp. (0C)
(fi2)/x,D2
Poly(thiocarbonate of l,l/-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-l-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)ethane)
Poly(thiocarbonate of 1, l/-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)~l-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)ethane)
With x = 73
*
Benzene
25
Remarks
Refs.
12.25
99,28
TABLE 7. VINYL POLYMERS*

Polymer
Poly (1 -phenylethylene)
Poly(styrene)
Atactic
Atactic
Isotactic
Poly(2-bromophenylethylene)
Poly(o-bromostyrene)
Solvent
Toluene
Toluene
Temp. (0C)
g or Dn
38.4
25
38.4
0.36
0.56
0.53
(n2)/x9D2
Remarks
M0 = 0.60D
/i 0 = O.35D
/.to = 0.60D
0.50
1.21
Poly(4-bromophenylethylene)
Poly(p-bromostyrene)
PPBSI
/?-Dioxane
PPBSI
PPBSII
/7-Dioxane
Poly( 1 -phenylethylene/(4-pyridyl) ethylene)
Poly {sty rene/4-vinylpyridine)
Benzene
Poly[ 1 -methyl-1 -(4-fluorophenyl) ethylene]
Poly(p-fluoromethylstyrene)
Benzene
Benzene
Poly[(4-methoxyphenyl) ethylene]
Poly(p-methoxystyrene)
Toluene
Benzene
Benzene
Poly[(4-fluorophenyl) ethylene]
Poly(p-fluorostyrene)
Benzene
Benzene
Poly[(2-chlorophenyl) ethylene]
Poly(o-chlorostyrene)
20-50
20-50
20-50
0.73
25
25
0.62
0.27
25
25
25
25
25
108
108
108
Mo = 2.65D
0.89
Mo = 1.82D
/*0 = 1-82D
6
5
0.54
0.72
0.64
0.78
1.06
0.94
no = l.2W
no = \.2\D
/x0 = 1.21D
31
5
6
0.62
0.51
2.05
1.69
Mo = 1.82D
Mo = 1-82D
6
5
2.85
(Poly(m-chlorostyrene)
57
Toluene
25
0.63
1.61
Mo = 1-60D
Xylene
30
30-50
30
50
20-50
25
25-65
30
30-90
30-60
25
25
30
20-90
25
30
30
25
30-90
15-70
0.71
0.42-0.56
0.56
2.00
Mo = 1.68
2.10
1.89
2.11-2.46
1.82
1.87-1.73
2.17
2.06-1.98
2.09-2.12
Mo = 1^3
Benzene
/?-Dioxane
Toluene
Cumene
Toluene
Isopropylbenzene
Toluene
Benzene
Toluene
Isopropylbenzene
K-Propylbenzene
Benzene
Benzene
Toluene
Isopropylbenzene
Benzene
35
37
35
57
57
2.20-2.49
2.12-2.54
2.44-2.72
25
Refs.
0.77
0.73-0.70
0.74-0.75
0.64
0.53
0.436-0.499
0.57
0.60
0.493-0.520
0.599-0.562
1.65
1.50
1.641-1.878
M0 =
^0 =
Mo =
Mo =
1.68
1.68
1 68
2.0
Mo =1-68
Mo = 1 88D
1.49
1.49
1.59
11.854-1.956
2.373-2.224
Isotactic
Mo = 1 63
93
11
57
12
108
108
113
113
11
9
9
5
31
Il
114
6
55
55
93
114
114
*In vinyl polymers the dipolar correlation coefficient is expressed by g = (M 2 ) AMO> w h ^re x is the degree of polymerization and MO is the dipole moment
of a model compound of the repeating unit.
TABLE 7. cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
Poly( 1 -acetoxyethylene)
Poly(vinyl acetate)
Poly( 1 -bromoethylene)
Polyivinyl bromide)
Several fractions
Poly( 1 -chloroethylene)
Atactic fraction
Atactic fraction
Atactic fraction
Eight fractions (atactic)
Syndiotactic fraction
Mn = 26000 (atactic)
Mn =47000 (atactic)
Poly(isobutoxyethylene)
Poly(vinyl isobuts'lether)
Isotactic fraction
Atactic fraction
Isotactic fraction
Atactic fraction
Poly(carbazolylethylene)
Poly(vinyl carbazole)
Temp. (0C)
g or Dn
(fi2)/x,D2
Remarks
Refs.
25
20
0.89 and 0.94

0.84
0.75-0.80
2.59-2.89
2.89
/X0 = 1-80D
^ 0 = 1.86
38
101
107
1.97-3.20
2.29-2.38
ô = 1.93D
/x0 = 2.08D
ô = 2.08D
40
95
95
2.65
2.79-3.06
1.716
1.72-1.67
2.59-2.82
1.93
2.72-2.60
/i O =
Mo =
/xo =
/x0 =
^0 =
/U0 =
/i 0 =
2.80-2.72
^ 0 = 2.00D
33
29
33
33
39
33
8
12
8
1.345 and 1.464
^ 0 = 1.22Z)
/xo = 1.22D
107
107
55
55
Benzene and CCl4

Benzene
/>Dioxane
p-Dioxane
1-Methylnaphthalene
/?-Dioxane
/?-Dioxane
Tetrahydrofuran
Tetrahydrofuran
p-Dioxane
Tetrahydrofuran
/7-Dioxane
25
30-60
30-60
20 and 40
20-65
40
20 and 40
25
20
25-55
/7-Dioxane
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
25-55
0.59
0.70-0.75
0.64-0.62
0.66-0.72
0.71
0.68-0.65
0.75
0.70-0.68
2.12D
2.00D
1.64D
1.64D
2.00D
1.64D
2.00D
25 and 50
25
30
30
0.90 and 0.98

0.77 and 0.83
0.98
0.98
0.96
25
30-60
0.36
0.41-0.44
3.71
3.52-3.78
/x0 = 3.21D
/x0 = 2.93D
30
102
20-50
1.10-1.06
2.34-2.26
^ 0 = 1.46D
100
25
0.28
1.21
/x0 = 2.08D
Toluene
/7-Dioxane
Poly(ethylenethiophenylene)
Pofyfvinylphenyl sulfide)
Benzene
Poly[ 1 -methyl-1 -(4-bromophenyl) ethylene]
Po/vfp-fcroma-a-methylstyrene)
Benzene
TABLE 8.
0.53-0.86
0.45-0.46
ACRYLIC POLYMERS*
Polymer
Poly[ 1 -methoxycarbonyl) ethylene]
Poly(methyl aery late)
Solvent
Benzene
Benzene
Temp. (0C)
20
25
Poly[2-(biphenyloxycarbonyl) ethylene]
Poly(2-biphenyl acrylate)
Benzene
30-60
Poly[ 1 -(cyclohexyloxycarbonyl) ethylene]
Poly(cyclohexyl acrylate)
Benzene
30-60
PoIy[I -(ethoxycarbonyl) ethylene]
Atactic fraction
Benzene
30
Benzene
30
Poly[ 1 -(phenoxycarbonyl) ethylene]
Polyiphenyl acrylate)
Benzene
30-60
PoIy[I-((3-chloro) phenoxycarbonyl) ethylene]
Polyim-chlorophenyl acrylate)
Benzene
30-60
PoIy[I -((2-chloro) phenoxycarbonyl) ethylene]
Poly(o-chlorophenyl acrylate)
Benzene
30-60
PoIy[I-((4-chloro) phenoxycarbonyl) ethylene]
Polyip-chlorophenyl aaylate)
Benzene
30-60
PoIy[I-((4-benzoyl) phenoxycarbonyl) ethylene]
Poly(4-benzoylphenyl acrylate)
1,4-Dioxane
30-60
PoIy[I-(4-phenoxy) phenyloxycarbonyl) ethylene]
Poly(4-phenoxyphenyl acrylate)
Benzene
30-60
PoIy[I -(hydroxyethylenedi(oxyethylene) oxycarbonyl) ethylene]
Poly(triethyleneglycol acrylate)
Benzene
30-60
g or Dn
(n2)/x,D2
Remarks
Refs.
0.717
0.64-0.67
2.22
1.99-2.07
/xo = l-76D
/x0 = 1.76D
51
43
0.69-0.74
2.05-2.22
/i 0 = 1.723- 1.732D
16
0.75-0.81
2.79-3.01
/i 0 = 1.93D
15
1.04
1.04
55
55
0.62-0.66
1.73-1.91
/U0 = 1-669-1.700D
98
0.57-0.61
1.85-2.02
/I0 = 1.800- 1.824D
98
1.09-1.09
3.30-3.97
^ 0 = 1.74-1.91D
98
MO = 2 . 5 9 O - 2 . 6 9 4 D
98
^ 0 = 3.561-3.521/)
17
^ 0 =2.10-2.1 ID
18
0.524-0.501
0.81-0.84
10.27-10.41
0.82-0.84
3.61-3.74
7.97-8.16
92
* /to is the dipole moment of a model compound of the side group.
TABLE 9. METHACRYLIC POLYMERS*

Polymer
Temp. (0C)
Solvent
Poly [ 1 -methoxycarbonyl)-1 -methylethylene]

Atactic fraction
Five solvents
Atactic fraction
Benzene
Atactic fraction
Benzene
Toluene
Isotactic fraction
Toluene
Benzene
Atactic fraction
Benzene
Isotactic fraction
Benzene
Isotactic fraction
Benzene
Atactic fraction
Benzene
Atactic fraction
Toluene
Benzene
Atactic fraction
p-Dioxane
Poly[l-(ethoxycarbonyl)-l-methylethylene]
1,4-Dioxane
Toluene
Benzene
Poly [ 1 -(propoxycarbonyl)-1 -methylethylene]
Poly(propyl methacrylate)
Poly [ 1 -(isopropoxycarbonyl)-1 -methylethylene]
Poly(isopropyl methacrylate)
Four solvents
Poly(phenylmethacrylate)
Poly(phenylmethacrylate)
Poly(p-chlorophenylmethacrylate)
Poly(p-chlorophenylmethacrylate)
Poly(dichlorophenylmethacrylate)
Poly(dichlorophenylmethacrylate)
25
25
25
30-90
25-65
25-65
25-65
25-65
30
30
25-65
30
23
0.62
0.53-0.66
0.55-0.72
0.67-0.79
0.65-0.75
0.70-0.78
0.69-0.78
0.77-0.81
0.67
0.56-0.61
0.66-0.78
0.53
25
25
25
0.58
0.54
0.62
0.59-0.62
0.58
25
(fi2)/x,D2
gorD,,
Remarks
ô = 1.73D
1.77-2.31
1.72-2.01
1.66-1.93
1.79-1.99
1.77-1.99
1.96-2.07
2.00
1.66-1.82
1.69-1.99
1.61
2.25
/i 0 =
/x0 =
^0 =
/^0 =
^0 =
^0 =
Mo =
/i 0 =
/*0 =
^t0 =
1-80D
1-60D
1-60D
1.60D
1-60D
1-60D
0.73D
1.73D
1-60D
1-73D
2.00
1.87
2.14
/i 0 = 1-86D
/^0 = 1-86D
/ i 0 = 1-86D
2.00
/I0 = 1.86D
48
57,107
42
105
105
105
105
105
3
3
105
3
10
36
36
36
57
0.56-0.59
57
0.61-0.66
57
1..93-2.72
23
Refs.
0.55-0.59
10
57
0.55
57
0.35
57
0.38
52
*}IQ is the dipole moment of a model compound of the side group.
TABLE 10. ITACONATE POLYMERS

Polymer
Temp. (0C)
Solvent
Poly[ 1 -(cyclohexylmethylene oxycarbonylmethylene)-1 -(carboxy)ethylene]

Poly(monocyclohexylmethylene itaconate)
1,4-Dioxane
20-50
Poly[ 1 -(cyclohexylmethyleneoxycarbonylmethylene)-1 -(cyclohexylmethyleneoxycarbonylmethylene) ethylene]
Poly(dicyclohexylmethylene itaconate)
Benzene
30-60
Poly[ 1 -benzyloxycarbonylmethylene)-1 -(carboxy) ethylene]
Poly(monobenzyl itaconate)
1,4-Dioxane
25
Poly [ 1 -(benzyloxycarbonylmethylene)-1 -(benzyloxycarbonylmethylene)ethylene]
Polyidibenzyl itaconate)
1,4-Dioxane
25-33
(n2)/x,D2
Refs.
5.75-5.70
20
6.89-7.00
19
3.84
96
2.31-2.79
24
TABLE 11. POLYDIENES
Polymer
Poly( 1 -methyl-1 -butenylene)
Poly(isoprene)
cis 1,4
trans 1,4
Poly( 1 -chloro-1 -butenylene)
Poly(chloroprene)
Temp. (0C)
gorD,,
Benzene
Benzene
25
25
0.70
0.82
Benzene
20
2.70
Solvent
Remarks
ô = 0.34D
^ 0 = 0.34D
Refs.
41
41
101
TABLE 12. SILICON BASED POLYMERS*

Polymer
Solvent
Linear Poly(dimethylsiloxane)
Linear Poly(dimethylsiloxane)
x+) =188
"
A = 9.85
A = I , 102
x = 4, 95.0
.x = 69.6
JC= 14.8
A = 70.55
jc= 15.8
x~ 10.5
A+1=239
A-+1=97
A + 1 = 1038
A+1=239
A + 1 = 188
A+1=97
A + 1 = 1038
Poly (1,1 -dimethylsilazane)
PoIy(IJ -dimethylsilazane)
M n = 750
Undiluted
Cyclohexane, benzene
Undiluted
Temp. (0C)
g or Dn
10-60
30
25
0.306-0.297
0.18-0.21
Undiluted
Cyclohexane,
Cyclohexane,
Cyclohexane,
Cyclohexane,
Cyclohexane,
Undiluted
Undiluted
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
Cyciohexane
Cyclohexane
Undiluted
(?*2)/x, D2
Cyclic PDMS
Linear PDMS;
{fi2)1/2 = 2.07D, 14.4D
Cyclic PDMS;
(/i 2 ) l / 2 = 1.50D, 14.3D
25
benzene
benzene
benzene
benzene
benzene
30
30
30
30
30
10-60
10-60
10-60
10-60
10-60
10-60
10-60
Cyclohexane
Hexamethyldisilazane
Hexane
Benzene
20-50
25
20
20-50
20-50
Poly(methylphenyl siloxane)
Poly(methylphenyl siloxane)
Mn = 45000
Cyclohexane
Poly(dimethyl siloxane-co-methylphenyl siloxane) (35.7/54.3)
Poly(dimethyl siloxane-co-methylphenyl siloxane) (35.7/54.3)
Mn = 4200
Cyclohexane
Poly(dimethylsiloxane-c<?-methylphenylsiloxane) (90.5/9.5)
Poly(dimethylsiloxane'Co-methylphenylsiloxane) (90.5/9.5)
Mn = 6400
Cyclohexane
Poly(methylsilmethylene)
Poly(methylsilmethylene)
Cyclohexane
Remarks
0.20,0.33
0.21,0.28
0.21,0.30
0.19,0.26
0.18,0.27
0.305-0.297
0.314-0.306
0.398-0.444
0.377-0.412
0.377-0.369
0.387-0.407
0.308-0.301
Cyclic PDMS
0.370-0.326
0.246
0.330
0.310-0.310
0.342-0.359
Refs.
44
76
7
7
76
76
76
76
76
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
104
104
104
104
104
25
0.31
103
25
0.22
103
25
0.27
103
20
0.391
m(Si-C) = 0.50D
49
fl
m(Si-O) = 0.60D.
TABLE 13.
STYRENE COPOLYMERS*
Polymer
Solvent
Temp. (0C)
g or Dn
(n2)/x,D2
Remarks
Refs.
Poly[ 1 -phenylethylene-c0-(4-methoxyphenyl) ethylene]

Poly(styrene-co-p-methoxystyrene)
Ap =0.157 .
/i 0 = 121D; (M 2 )/A is
referred to the polar unit
Toluene
25
1.07
1.56
3130
Ap =0.328
Toluene
Ap =0.480
Toluene
A P =0.721
Toluene
Ap = 1
Toluene
Poly( 1 -phenylethylene-c0-carbazolylethy Iene)
Poly(styrene-co-vinykarbazole)
AP =0.074
Toluene
AP = 1.00
Toluene
A P =0.368
Toluene
A P =0.665
Toluene
PoIy[I -phenylethylene-c0-(4-pyvidyl) ethylene]
Poly(styrene-co-4-\nnylpyridine)
Ap = 0.028
Toluene
A P =0.183
Toluene
A P =0.154
Toluene
25
25
25
25
0.84
0.74
0.69
0.54
1.23
1.08
1.01
0.78
25
25
25
25
0.53
0.36
0.53
0.39
/X0 = 3.21Z)
30
30
30
30
25
25
25
0.31
0.50
0.34
/U0 = 2.655D
30
30
30
3130
3130
3130
31 30
* AP is the molar fraction of polar comonomer and /Lto is the dipole moment of the polar repeating unit.
TABLE 13. cont'd

Polymer
Solvent
JCp = 0.118
Toluene
Xp =0.051
Toluene
xp = 0.082
Toluene
PoIy[I -phenylethylene-co-(4-chlorophenyl) ethylene]
Poly(styrene-co-p-chlorostyrene)
x p = 0.247
Toluene
x p =0.802
Toluene
x p = 1.00
Toluene
C.
Temp. (0C)
g or Dn
25
25
25
0.29
0.29
0.23
25
25
25
0.67
0.44
0.41
(fi2)/x,D2
Remarks
Refs.
30
30
30
2.67
1.76
1.4
/z0 = 2.0D
31,30
31,30
31,30
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H e a t ,
E n t r o p y ,
a n d
V o l u m e
P o l y m e r - L i q u i d
C h a n g e s
f o r
M i x t u r e s
Robert A. O r w o l l
Department of Chemistry, College of William and Mary Williamsburg, VA, USA
A. Introduction
1. Scope of the Table
2. Experimental Methods
B. Key for the Tables
C. Tables of Literature References for Heat,
Entropy, and Volume Changes for
Polymer-Solvent Mixtures
Table 1. Main-Chain Carbon Polymers
1.1. Poly(dienes)
1.2. Poly(alkenes)
1.3. Poly(acrylics)
1.4. Vinyl Polymers
1.5. Poly(styrenes)
Table 2. Main-Chain Carbon Heteroatom
Polymers
2.1. Poly(oxides) and Poly(esters)
2.2. Poly(amides)
2.3. Poly(siloxanes)
2.4. Derivatives of Cellulose
D. References
A.
VII-649
VII-649
VII-649
VII-650
VII-650
VII-650
VII-650
VII-651
VII-654
VII-655
VII-657
VII-659
VII-659
VII-659
VII-661
VII-661
VII-662
VIJ-663
VII-663
INTRODUCTION
Tabulated below are references to the studies of the

enthalpy, entropy, and volume changes that occur when
polymer and solvent are mixed to form a homogeneous
liquid solution. This bibliography follows closely the form
employed by C. Booth (Manchester) in his contribution
under the same title in the second edition of this Handbook.
With several exceptions, references to work reported before
1972 were compiled by Professor Booth for the second
edition.
1. Scope of the Table
This table includes literature citations to studies from which
the thermodynamic properties named in the title can be
deduced. The experimental methods utilized are also

identified.
This tabulation is limited to reports of measurements on
solutions that contain only one nonelectrolyte homopolymer; solutions with a copolymer, polyelectrolyte, or
polymer mixture have been excluded. Solvents for the
solutions in this compilation are liquids comprising single
molecular entities; i.e., references to studies in which the
solvent is a binary or ternary mixture or a mixture of
oligomers are not included.
Most studies whose primary goal is to characterize the
individual polymer molecule and its interaction in an
infinitely dilute solution will not be found in this table.
However, references to studies of dilute solutions are
presented in some of the other tables of Part VII ("Solution
Properties")- Most of the reports of changes in free energy
on mixing or on dilution cited here have been limited to
those that also provide sufficient data to determine the
change in the enthalpy (or entropy). References to
measurements of solvent activities which can yield
information about changes in free energy can be found in
"Polymer-Solvent Interaction Parameters".
These references were collected without regard for the
quality of data.
2. Experimental Methods
Heat Several different kinds of enthalpy changes are
recognized in the formation of solutions. The integral heat
of mixing or integral heat of solution,
(Al)
is the heat absorbed when pure solvent and pure polymer
are combined to form a solution at constant temperature and
pressure. Here AT80Int # ? , and H\ are the molar enthalpies
of solution, pure solvent, and pure solute respectively; and
n\ and n2 the number of moles of each component. The
value of AHmiX is dependent on the degree of crystallinity
for semicrystalline polymers and, usually to a lesser extent,
on the thermal history of glassy polymers. However, if a
polymer solution already exists and more solvent is added,

the accompanying enthalpy change, which is called the
integral heat of dilution, is independent of any crystalline or
glassy aspect of the pure polymeric solute. The integral
heats, both of mixing and of dilution, are usually
determined calorimetrically. The latter is often preferable
for experimental reasons, because its measurement is not
complicated by the long dissolution times usually required
in the direct measurements of integral heats of solution.
The partial or differential heat of solution, AH2, is the
change in enthalpy when a very small amount of pure solute
is added to a large amount of either solution or pure solvent.
In the latter instance, the resultant quantity which is
properly identified as the partial heat of solution at infinite
dilution is sometimes referred to more simply as the heat of
solution. For polymer solutions, AHj is often expressed as
the heat absorbed per unit mass of solute added and can be
found as the derivative of the integral heat of mixing:
(A2)
Here ni2 is the mass of polymeric solute. Values of AH\ at
infinite dilution for some polymer-solvent systems are
listed in "Heats of Solution of Some Common Polymers".
The partial or differential heat of dilution AH\ differs
from AH2 in that it is a consequence of adding solvent,
rather than solute, to a solution and is almost always
expressed as the heat per mol of added solvent. Accordingly,
(A3)
It can also be obtained from the variation with concentration of the integral heat of dilution. Or it may be determined
from the temperature dependence of the activity a\ of
solvent according to the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation
(A4)
I turn, the activity a \ of solvent in a polymer solution has a
variety of sources including the osmotic pressure of the
solution, the vapor pressure of solvent above the solution
relative to that of the pure solvent, the gas-chromatographic
retention volumes of volatile solvent on columns with
polymeric solute as the stationary phase, swelling equilibria
for polymer networks, the concentration dependence of
Rayleigh scattering, and sedimentation equilibria. The first
three methods are the ones used most frequently.
Entropy The entropy of mixing pure polymer with pure
solvent can be obtained from the difference between the
integral heat of mixing and the free energy of mixing
(A5)
Free energies of mixing can be determined by integrating
concentration-dependent functions of the chemical potential of the solvent.
More often, the partial molar entropy of solvent

(A6)
is reported, using the temperature dependence of the
activity of solvent
(A7)
Volume Volume changes reported in the literature cited
below are measured directly (dilatometry) or from density
determinations.
B. KEY FOR THE TABLES
The following abbreviations are used to identify the
experimental methods utilized for the studies cited:
CD
CM
D
DL
GC
LS
OS
SD
SW
VP
XS
Calorimetry: integral heat of dilution

Calorimetry: integral heat of mixing
Density
Dilatometry
Gas chromatography with polymeric stationary
phase
Rayleigh light scattering
Osmotic pressure
Sedimentation equilibrium
Swelling of polymer network
Vapor pressure including manometry, isopiestic
distillation, vapor phase osmometry, etc.
X-ray scattering
A Chemical Abstracts Service registry number accompanies most of the polymers named in the table. Although
some polymers have more than one registry number owing
to particular stereochemistries, different terminal groups,
etc., only the most common number appears in the table for
each polymer.
C. TABLES OF LITERATURE REFERENCES FOR HEAT,
ENTROPY, AND VOLUME CHANGES FOR
POLYMER-SOLVENT MIXTURES
TABLE 1. MAJN-CHAIN CARBON POLYMERS
Polymer-Solvent
1.1. POLY(DIENES)
Poly(l,3-butadiene) [9003-17-2]
Benzene
ds-Bicyclo[4.4.0]decane
rran5-Bicyclo[4.4.0]decane
1,3-Butadiene
Butane
Method
Refs.
CD
CM
GC
VP
CM
CM
DL
GC
DL
GC
140
19,84
308,327
73
293
293
374
327
374
327
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer-Solvent
PoIy(1,3-butadiene) cont'd
1-Butene
dj-2-Butene
tmns-2-Butene
Carbon dioxide
1-Chlorobutane
Chloroform
Cyclohexane
Cyclooctane
Cyclopentane
Decane
3,3-Diethylpentane
2,2-Dimethylbutane
2,2-Dimethylpentane
2,3-Dimethylpentane
2,4-Dimethylpentane
3,3-Dimethylpentane
1,4-Dioxane
Dodecane
Ethane
Ethylbenzene
Ethylene
3-Ethylpentane
2,2,4,4,6,8,8-Heptamethylnonane
Heptane
Hexadecane
Hexane
2-Methylbutane
3-Methylhexane
2-Methylpropane
2-Methylpropene
Nonane
Octane
1-Octene
2,2,4,6,6-Pentamethylheptane
Pentane
2,2,4,4-Tetramethylpentane
Toluene
w-Xylene
Water
Poly(chloroprene) [9010-98-4]
Benzene
Butyl alcohol
2-Chloro-l,3-butadiene
1-Chlorobutane
Chloroform
Decane
Octane
1-Octene
2-Pentanone
TABLE 1. cont'd
Method
Refs.
DL
DL
DL
SW
GC
GC
GC
VP
CM
GC
CM
CM
GC
GC
CM
GC
CM
CM
CM
CM
VP
CM
GC
SW
GC
SW
CM
CM
CM
GC
CM
GC
GC
CM
DL
GC
DL
CM
GC
CM
GC
GC
CM
GC
CM
CM
CD
GC
GC
CM
GC
SW
374
374
374
350
308
308
308
119
293
327
293
293
327
327
293
327
293
293
293
293
165
294
327
350
327
350
293
294
294
327
294
327
327
293
374
327
374
294
327
294
308,327
308
294
308,327
293,294
293
140
308,327
327
294
327
388
CM
GC
GC
GC
VP
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
19
308
308
308
126
308
308
308
308
308
308
Polymer-Solvent
Method
Refs.
PoIy(Cw-1,3-isoprene) [9003-31-0] and [104389-31-3]

Acetone
SW
9,120
VP
120
Benzene
CM
6,8,55
DL
5,166
OS
5,166
SW
9,121,130
VP
5,8,74,130,166
Butane
VP
46
2-Butanone
DL
120
SW
9,120
VP
120
Butyl acetate
SW
9
Butyl butyrate
SW
9
Carbon disulfide
SW
9
SW
9
Chloroform
SW
9
Cyclohexane
SW
9
SW
9
2,2-Dimethylpropane
VP
46
Ethyl acetate
DL
120
SW
9,120
VP
63,120
Heptane
CM
6
SW
9
Hexane
VP
59
Isoprene
VP
126
Methyl acetate
SW
9,120
Methyl alcohol
VP
6
2-Methylbutane
VP
46
2-Methylpropane
VP
46
Octane
VP
177
Pentane
SW
9
VP
46
2-Pentanone
SW
120
Propyl acetate
SW
9
Toluene
OS
1
SW
9
VP
1
VP
177
Polygons-1,3-isoprene) [9003-31-0] and [104389-32-4]
Octane
VP
177
Toluene
OS
2
VP
167,177
1.2. POLY(ALKENES)
PoIy(I-butene) [9003-28-5J
rra/w-Bicyclo[4.4.0]decane
Cyclohexane
Cyclooctane
Cyclopentane
Decane
3,3-Diethylpentane
2,2-Dimethylpentane
2,3-Dimethylpentane
2,4-Dimethylpentane
3,3-Dimethylpentane
Dodecane
3-Ethylpentane
Heptane
Hexadecane
CM
CM
CM
CM
CM
CM
CM
CM
CM
CM
CM
CM
VP
CM
CM
CM
CM
293
293
293
293
293
248
293
293
293
293
293
248
107
293
294
248
248
TABLE 1. confd
Polymer-Solvent
Hexane
3-Methylhexane
Nonane
Octane
Pentane
Tetradecane
Poly(l-decene) [25189-70-2]
Toluene
PoIy(I-dodecene) [25067-08-7]
Toluene
Poly(ethylene) [9002-88-4]
Benzene
Bromomethane
2-Butanone
Butyl acetate
Butyl alcohol
Chlorobenzene
1-Chlorobutane
Chloroform
1-Chlorohexane
1-Chloronaphthalene
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexanol
Cyclohexanone
Cyclohexyl chloride
Cyclopentane
Decane
2,6-Di-rerf-butyl-4-methylphenol
1,5-Dichloropentane
/V,N-Dimethylacetamide
WV-Dimethylformamide
1,2-Dimethylnaphthalene
1,3-Dimethy !naphthalene
2,4-Dimethylpentane
Dodecane
1-Ethylnaphthalene
2-Ethylnaphthalene
Ethyl propionate
Heptane
Hexadecane
Hexane
2-Methylbutane
1-Methylnaphthalene
2-Methylnaphthalene
TABLE 1.
Method
Refs.
CM
CM
CM
CM
VP
CM
CM
CM
GC
CM
CM
CM
248
293
248
248
102
294
248
248
281
293,294
293
294
VP
195
VP
195
GC
VP
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
CM
CM
GC
GC
GC
GC
CM
CD
CM
DL
GC
VP
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
CM
VP
GC
GC
GC
CM
GC
VP
CM
VP
CM
GC
GC
299
87
351
351
299
299
299,351
351,299
299,351
351
151,367
367
299,351
299
299,351
299
367
246
367,369
252
299,351
361
351
351
351
234
234
234
234
234
234
234
234
234
234
367
100,107,351
234
234
351
367
351
38
367
87
367
234
234
confd
Polymer-Solvent
Method
Methyl sulfoxide
Nonane
Octacosane
Octane
1-Octene
2-Pentanone
Phenol
Phenyl ether
Propyl ether
Propyl sulfide
Tetradecane
Toluene
/7-Xylene
PoIy(I-heptene) [25511-64-2]
Toluene
Poly(isobutene) [9003-27-4], polyisobutylene
Benzaldehyde
Benzene
m-Bicyclo[4.4.0]decane
fra^Bicyclo[4.4.0]decane
Butane
2-Butanone
Butyl ether
Butyl propionate
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
Cyclohexane
Cyclooctane
Cyclopentane
Decane
Decyl alcohol
0-Dichlorobenzene
p-Dichlorobenzene
3,3-Diethylpentane
Refs.
GC
GC
SW
GC
GC
GC
GC
VP
GC
GC
GC
GC
CM
GC
CM
GC
VP
351
299
93
281,351
299
299
299
180
351
351
351
281
151
351
367
351
131
VP
195
GC
CD
CM
291
72,98
19,88,94,116,
141,157,184,278
73,82,128,211,254
69,137,159,184
263,287,291,378
61,159
56,73,159,259,318
293
293
35
291
95
105
104
104,116,278
254
105
98
88,94,184
82,254
137,184
96
254
291
255
88,94,104,116,
184,278,293
128
137,155,184
263,378
158
61
26,56,105,155
293
293
254
94
254
137,160
291
254
254
293
D
DL
GC
OS
VP
CM
CM
VP
GC
CM
VP
CD
CM
D
VP
CD
CM
D
DL
OS
D
GC
CD
CM
D
DL
GC
LS
OS
VP
CM
CM
D
CM
D
DL
GC
D
D
CM
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer-Solvent
2,2-Dimethylbutane
2,3-Dimethylbutane
2,2-Dimethylhexane
2,5-Dimethylhexane
2,2-Dimethylpentane
2,3-Dimethylpentane
2,4-Dimethylpentane
3,3-Dimethylpentane
2,2-Dimethylpropane
Dodecane
Ethyl acetate
Ethylbenzene
Ethyl decanoate
Ethyl ether
Ethyl heptanoate
Ethyl hexadecanoate
Ethyl hexanoate
Ethyl nonanoate
Ethyl octanoate
3-Ethylpentane
Ethyl tetradecanoate
Heptadecane
Heptane
Hexadecane
Hexane
Hexyl ether
Methyl alcohol
2-Methylbutane
Methy lcyclohexane
2-Methylheptane
4-Methylheptane
2-Methylhexane
3-Methylhexane
2-Methylpentane
3-Methylpentane
2-Methylpropane
Naphthalene
Nitrobenzene
Nonane
Octane
Pentanal
TABLE 1. cont'd
Method
Refs.
GC
GC
GC
GC
CM
GC
CM
GC
CM
GC
CM
VP
CM
D
GC
CM
CM
CM
CM
CM
CM
CM
CM
CM
CM
D
CM
CM
378
378
378
378
293
378
293
378
293
378
293
35
94,278,294
254
291
88,297,378
95
94,95
95
95
95
95
95
293
95
254
294
19,88,94,116,157,
184,278,294
69,137,160,184
263,378
221
94,278,294
160
94,184
254
137,160,184
263,378
221
95
105
94
35
94,116,184
137,184
378
378
378
293
378
378
94
378
35
291
291
94,294
291,378
94,294
254
160
263,378
160
294
291
DL
GC
OS
CM
DL
CM
D
DL
GC
OS
CM
VP
CM
VP
CM
DL
GC
GC
GC
CM
GC
GC
CM
GC
VP
GC
GC
CM
GC
CM
D
DL
GC
OS
CM
GC
Polymer-Solvent
Pentane
Pentyl ether
Propyl alcohol
Propyl ether
Pyridine
Tetradecane
Toluene
Tridecane
Undecane
PoIy(I-octadecene) [25511-67-5]
Toluene
Poly(propylene) [9003-07-0]
Benzene
rranj-Bicyclo[4.4.0]decane
Chloroform
1-Chloronaphthalene
Cyclohexane
Cyclooctane
Cyclopentane
Decane
3,3-Diethylpentane
2,2-Dimethylpentane
2,3-Dimethylpentane
2,4-Dimethylpentane
3,3-Dimethylpentane
Dodecane
Ethylbenzene
3-Ethylpentane
Method
Refs.
CD
255
CM
94,278
D
254,338
DL
97,160
GC
263,378
LS
238
OS
221
VP
35,97,156
CM
95
GC
291
CM
95
GC
291
CM
94
D
254
CM
293,294
CM
293
CD
98,104
CM
19,104,184
D
254
DL
69,137,184
GC
291,378
VP
105
CM
94
CM 19,94,104,157,294
D
211
DL
69
GC
287,378
LS
145,158,238
VP
14,237,259
GC
378
CM
94
VP
195
CM
D
VP
CM
CD
CD
CM
D
VP
CD
CM
D
CM
CM
D
CM
CM
CM
GC
CM
CM
CM
CM
CM
VP
CM
GC
VP
CM
CM
CM
315
315
101
293
293
280
315
315
216
280
315
315
151
293,315
315
293
293
315
281
293
293
293
293
293
123
294
281
125,171
315
293
294
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer-Solvent
Heptane
Hexadecane
Hexane
3-Methylhexane
Nonane
Nonyl alcohol
Octane
Pentane
3-Pentanone
Tetradecane
Toluene
m-Xylene
0-Xyiene
p-Xy lene
1.3.
TABLE 1. cont'd
Method
Refs.
CM
D
VP
CM
CM
D
VP
CM
CM
VP
CM
CM
CM
D
VP
VP
GC
CM
CM
CM
CM
CM
VP
CM
CM
CM
294,315
315
101,217
294
315
315
101
293
294,315
134
294,315
294
315
315
217
117,123
281
151
293,294
293
315
294
101
315
315
315
CD
D
313
196,313
CM
CM
CD
D
CD
CM
CD
CM
CD
CM
D
VP
381
381
343
343
292
292
292
292
233,292,343
292,381
196,343
366
GC
CM
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
CM
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
307
55
307
307
307
307
307
307
307
307
260
307
307
307
307
307
307
307
307
307
POLY(ACRYLICS)
Poly(acrylamide) [9003-05-8]
Water
Poly (acrylic acid) [9003-01-4]
Butyl alcohol
A^Dimethylformamide
Ethyl alcohol
Ethylene glycol
Formamide
Water
Poly(butyl methacrylate) [9003-63-8]

Benzene
Butyl acetate
Butyl alcohol
Butylbenzene
terf-Butylbenzene
Butylcyclohexane
Chlorobenzene
1-Chlorobutane
Chloroform
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexanol
Decane
Dichloromethane
Octane
2-Pentanone
2,2,4 ~ -Trimethylpentane
Polymer-Solvent
Poly(WV-dimethylacrylamide) [26793-31 -0]
Water
Poly(ethyl methacrylate) [9003-42-3]
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Acrylonitrile
Benzene
Bromobenzene
1-Bromobutane
2-Butanone
Butyl acetate
Butyl alcohol
Butylamine
Butyraldehyde
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
Cyclohexane
Decane
Ethane
Ethylbenzene
Ethylcyclohexane
Ethylene
Heptane
Methylcyclohexane
Nitroethane
Nitromethane
1-Nitropropane
Nonane
Octane
1-Octene
Pentyl alcohol
Propane
Propionic acid
Propionitrile
Propyl acetate
Propyl alcohol
Propyl ether
Toluene
Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) [25189-55-3]
Acetic acid
Butyl alcohol
1-Chloronaphthalene
Hexadecane
Naphthalene
Water
Poly(methacrylic acid) [54193-36-1]
Water
Poly(Af-methylacrylamide) [25722-14-9]
Water
Poly(methyl acrylate) [9003-21-8]
Benzene
Butylbenzene
ferr-Butylbenzene
Butylcyclohexane
Cyclohexane
Decane
Dodecane
Ethylbenzene
Naphthalene
Method
Refs.
CD
D
313
313
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
D
CD
CD
D
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
D
VP
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
284
284
284
284
284
284
284
284
284
284
284
284
284
284
284
284
360
284
284
360
284
284
284
284
284
284
284
284
284
360
341
284
284
284
284
284
284
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
CM
OS
198
198,281
198
198
198
353
368
CM
381
CD
D
313
313
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
282
282
282
282
282
282
282
282
282
282
282
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer-Solvent
Octane
Tetradecane
Toluene
Poly(methyl methacrylate) [9011-14-7]
Acetone
Benzene
2-Butanone
Butyl acetate
Carbon dioxide
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
Cyclohexane
0-Dichlorobenzene
Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethy lene
1,4-Dioxane
Ethyl acetate
Methyl isobutyrate
3-Pentanone
Tetrahydrofuran
Toluene
m-Xylene
1.4. VINYL POLYMERS
Poly(acrylonitrile) [25014-41-9]
Acrylonitrile
Benzene
WV-Dimethytformamide
Poly(vinyl acetate) [9003-20-7]
Acetone
TABLEI. cont'd
Method
Refs.
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
282
282
282
282
282
282
282
282
CD
D
OS
VP
CD
CM
D
OS
VP
D
OS
D
OS
DL
VP
D
CD
D
CD
CM
D
DL
OS
OS
CD
CM
D
CM
VP
OS
CD
D
OS
D
OS
CM
VP
D
OS
D
OS
CD
D
DL
OS
D
OS
148,161
60,178
31,178,261
220
162,186
224
60,178
31,178,261
220
60
261
60
36
387
387
60
162
60
212
193
60
210
31
261
162
266
60
83
83
149
148
60
31,149
60
36,261
83
83
60
31
60
31
148,212
60
210
31,261
60
31
VP
CM
VP
CM
126
47
47
47
CM
DL
75,184,345
184
Polymer-Solvent
Acetonitrile
Benzene
2-Butanone
Butyl acetate
Butyl alcohol
Butylbenzene
Butylcyclohexane
Chlorobenzene
1-Chlorobutane
Chloroform
l-Chlorohexane
1-Chloropropane
3-Chloropropene
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexanol
Cyclohexanone
Cyclohexyl chloride
c/i-Decahydronaphthalene
Decane
Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethane
1,5-Dichloropentane
Diethyl adipate
Diethyl malonate
Diethyl oxalate
Diethyl sebacate
Diethyl succinate
A^Dimethylacetamide
MiV-Dimethylformamide
1,4-Dioxane
Dodecane
Ethyl acetate
Method
Refs.
GC
LS
OS
VP
GC
CD
CM
GC
OS
VP
CD
CM
DL
GC
LS
OS
CM
DL
GC
GC
GC
GC
CM
D
GC
LS
GC
CM
GC
GC
VP
VP
GC
OS
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
CD
CM
GC
GC
CD
D
CD
D
CD
D
CD
D
CD
D
GC
GC
CM
GC
GC
CM
D
DL
GC
LS
OS
VP
354
158
261
37,75
354
170
41,224
288,295,299,354
261
37,76,85
170
184
184
354
158
15,261
55,184
184
299
288
288
299,354
41
49,82
299,354
158
299
41,345
299,354
354
37
37
288,295,299,354
261
299
299
299
288
288,299
232
41
295,354
354
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
354
354
342
295,354
288
30,184
211
184
354
158
261
237
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer-Solvent
Heptane
3-Heptanone
Hexane
Isopropyl alcohol
Isopropylamine
Methyl acetate
Methyl alcohol
Methyl sulfoxide
Nonane
1-Octene
2-Pentanone
Propyl acetate
Propyl alcohol
Propylamine
Propyl ether
Propyl sulfide
Tetrahydrofuran
Toluene
1,2,3-Trichloropropane
Undecane
Vinyl acetate
Water
Poly(vinyl alcohol) [9002-89-5]
Chloroacetic acid
1,4-Dioxane
Ethyl alcohol
Water
PoIy(iV-vinylcarbazole) [25067-59-8]
Benzene
Poly(vinyl chloride) [9002-86-2]
Benzene
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexanone
Cyclopentanone
Dibutyl phthalate
Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethane
Diethyl phthalate
Dioctyl phthalate
1,4-Dioxane
Dodecane
Heptane
TABLEI.
Method
Refs.
GC
CM
DL
GC
GC
VP
CM
DL
CD
CM
D
LS
GC
GC
GC
CM
DL
GC
CM
DL
VP
VP
GC
GC
CM
GC
GC
GC
CD
CM
GC
OS
OS
GC
VP
CM
295,354
141,184
184
354
295
37
184
184
271
41,48,345
211,271
158
354
288,299
299
184
184
299
184
184
37
37
354
354
41,48
354
288
288
64,232
41
295,354
261
15
288
85
342
CM
CM
CD
CM
CD
CM
LS
VP
359
112
342
30
57,58
30,55,342
219
86,219
CD
VP
161
124
GC
GC
CD
CM
D
DL
CD
CM
VP
CM
GC
VP
VP
GC
GC
GC
295
295
231
106,231
273
106
243
243
250
55
295
250
250
295
281
295
cont'd
Polymer-Solvent
Isopropyl alcohol
Tetrahydrofuran
Toluene
Poly(vinylidene fluoride) [24937-79-9]
Acetophenone
2-Butanone
Butyl acetate
Butylbenzene
y-Butyrolactone
Chlorobenzene
1-Chlorodecane
2-Chloroethyl ether
1-Chlorohexane
1-Chlorooctane
Cyclohexanone
1,2-Dichlorobenzene
1,2-Dichloroethane
1,5-Dichloropentane
AW-Dimethylacetamide
MN-Dimethylethyleneurea
MN-Dimethylformamide
AfyV-Dimethylpropyleneurea
Dodecane
Ethyl acetate
Ethylbenzene
Ethyl propionate
Hexadecane
l-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
Methyl sulfoxide
Pentachloroethane
Propylene carbonate
Propyl sulfide
Pyridine
Tetradecane
1,1,3,3-Tetramethylurea
Toluene
m-Xylene
Poly(vinyl methyl ether) [9003-09-2]
Cyclohexane
Ethylbenzene
Toluene
Water
Poly(2-vinylpyridine) [25014-15-7]
Benzene
2-Butanone
Butyl alcohol
Cyclohexanone
1,4-Dioxane
Ethyl alcohol
Methyl alcohol
Propyl alcohol
Poly(#-vinylpyrrolidone) [9003-39-8]
Butyl alcohol
Method
Refs.
GC
CD
CM
GC
295
244
244
295
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
354
VP
CM
D
OS
CM
D
OS
CM
372
332
332
332
332
332
332
353
D
D
D
D
D
D
LS
D
D
267
267
267
267
267
267
111
267
267
CD
309
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer-Solvent
Chloroform
Ethyl alcohol
Methyl alcohol
Propyl alcohol
Water
1.5.
TABLE 1. cont'd
Method
Refs.
Polymer-Solvent
CD
CM
D
CD
CD
CD
CD
CM
D
OS
330
174
174
309
269
309
269
174
174
214
Butane
2-Butanone
VP
103
GC
VP
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
VP
363
199
363
363
363
363
363
363
103
Butyl alcohol
sec-Butyl alcohol
Buty !benzene
CM
VP
VP
VP
223
136
136,355
355
VP
103
GC
CM
D
GC
OS
VP
GC
CD
GC
CD
GC
GC
CD
306
29,34,43
43,60
306
261
51,220
306,354
279
306
135,279,286
336
306
28,70,81,147,
191,192,225
19,29,32,44,55,
90,184,192 222,
333
24,39,60,128,247,
283,296,329
12,69,184
235,282,305,306,
307,325,336,354
23,114,143,
145,158
12,33,147,261
147
13,28,32,147,
192,220
200
306
279
25
Butyl acetate
POLY(STYRENES)
Poly(p-bromostyrene) [24936-50-3]
Toluene
Poly(p-chlorostyrene) [24991 -47-7]
Benzene
Ethyl acetate
Heptane
Hexane
Isopropylbenzene
Pentane
Propylbenzene
Toluene
Poly(ot-methylstyrene) [25014-31-7]
Benzene
Isopropylbenzene
a-Methylstyrene
Toluene
Poly(p-methylstyrene) [24936-41 -2]
Toluene
Poly(styrene) [9003-53-6]
Acetic acid
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Acetophenone
Aniline
Anisole
Benzaldehyde
Benzene
CM
D
DL
GC
LS
OS
SW
VP
Benzyl alcohol
Benzyl ether
Bromobenzene
XS
GC
CD
D
terf-Butylbenzene
Butylcyclohexane
Carbon dioxide
Chlorobenzene
1-Chlorobutane
Chloroform
1-Chlorohexane
Cyclohexane
Method
VP
CD
CM
D
DL
GC
OS
VP
CM
D
GC
OS
VP
GC
SW
CM
DL
GC
GC
GC
DL
CD
CM
D
GC
LS
OS
VP
CD
CM
D
GC
LS
OS
SW
GC
CD
CM
D
GC
OS
SW
VP
GC
CD
CM
D
DL
GC
LS
OS
SD
SW
VP
Cyclohexanone
Cyclohexene
CD
GC
CD
CM
VP
Refs.
337
135,249,255
29,68,146
24,39,45,60
12,207,256
235,306,354
12,18,33,
207,256,261
17
29
60
306
33
13
306
115
184
184
282,325
307
282
339
104,240
104,240
60
235,306,307
114
33
13,220
53
53,146
25,60,82
306,354
114
127
115
307
54,191,225
29
45,60,82
306,307,354
33
115
51
354
53,70,81,192,285
29,34,43,53,
184,192,359
43,45,60,189,
211,296,329
12,69,184,
189,209
282,306,
307,325,354
114,143,190,206
18,33,71,80,261
189,229
115
13,52,80,
192,237,259
289
306,354
192
29,192
201
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer-Solvent
Decane
o-Dichlorobenzene
1,2-Dichloroethane
Dichloromethane
1,5-Dichloropentane
2,2-Dimethylpropane
1,4-Dioxane
1,3-Diphenylbutane
Dodecane
Ethane
2-Ethoxyethyl acetate
Ethyl acetate
Ethyl alcohol
Ethylbenzene
TABLE 1.
Method
CD
CM
D
DL
LS
VP
GC
GC
LS
OS
GC
D
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
VP
CD
CM
D
DL
GC
OS
VP
CD
SW
GC
VP
CM
CD
CM
D
DL
GC
OS
VP
GC
CD
CM
D
DL
GC
LS
OS
SW
VP
Ethylene glycol
Ethyl ether
Formamide
Heptane
Hexadecane
Hexane
Hexyl alcohol
Hexylbenzene
Isobutyl alcohol
Isopentyl alcohol
Isopropyl alcohol
GC
GC
GC
GC
SW
GC
GC
SW
SW
GC
GC
SW
GC
Refs.
192
184,192,359
24
184
114,145
201
282
282
238
290
281,282,305,307
24,60
235
306,354
306,307
354
354
245
135
55,184
24,60
184
235,306,354
127
13
113,147
113,147
281,282
337
29
135,257
29,68
24,60,296
257
306
18,33,261
52
306
50,53,54,81,113,
147,192,228,255
30,44,53,78,90,
104,184,192,
228,264
24,39,113,147,211
69,184,208
235,325,336,354
114
113,147,208
113,115,147
50,90.113,147,
237,259
306
306
306
306,325,335,354
115
281,282
306,325,335,354
115
115
325
306
115
306
cont'd
Polymer-Solvent
Isopropyl ether
Methyl alcohol
2-Methylbutane
2-Methylheptane
2-Methylpentane
3-Methylpentane
Naphthalene
Nitrobenzene
Nitromethane
Nonane
Octane
l-Octene
c/^-2-Octene
Octyl alcohol
Pentane
3-Pentanone
Pentyl alcohol
Pentylbenzene
Propane
Propyl acetate
Propyl alcohol
Propylbenzene
Propyl ether
Propyl sulfide
Pyridine
Styrene
Tetradecane
Tetrahydrofuran
Toluene
Method
GC
GC
VP
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
VP
GC
GC
SW
VP
GC
GC
GC
GC
SW
VP
CD
D
VP
GC
GC
VP
VP
GC
SW
CM
DL
GC
GC
VP
GC
GC
CM
GC
VP
GC
D
GC
CM
GC
GC
CD
CM
D
DL
GC
LS
OS
SD
SW
VP
Refs.
306
306
245
325
325
325
282
306
13
305,325
305,306,307,325
115
13
325
325
306
306
115
245
319
60
13
306
325
337
51
306
115
184
184
325
354
13
354
306,336,354
10,29
235
126
281,282
60
306
192
282
282
28,53,54,81,135,
183,188,191,192,
225,228,240,
255,286
29,34,43,53,55,90,
146,154,184,192,
226,228,240,
264,332,333
11,24,39,43,
45,60,189,332
12,69,184,
189,210
235,305,306,
325,336,354
114,190
12,18,33,71,144,
203,261,332
189
115
13,17,28,52,103
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer-Solvent
Trichloroethylene
Water
m-Xylene
oXylene

Poly(nitro-l,4-phenylene)
1,4-Dioxane
TABLE 2. cont'd
Method
Refs.
GC
CM
D
DL
GC
GC
GC
GC
CM
D
DL
GC
OS
VP
CM
GC
OS
306
29,184
60
184
305
307
306,307,325
306
29,184
60
184
305
33
13
29
235,306
33
VP
187
TABLE 2. MAIN-CHAIN CARBON HETEROATOM POLYMERS

Polymer-Solvent
Method
2.1. POLY(OXIDES) AND POLY(ESTERS)

Epoxy from bis(4-glycidylphenyl) propane and 1,6 hexanediamine
Chloroform
SW
VP
1,4-Dioxane
SW
VP
Poly(oxy-l,4-butanediyl) [25190-06-1], polytetrahydrofuran
Acetone
GC
Acetonitrile
GC
Benzene
GC
2-Butanone
GC
Butyl acetate
GC
GC
Chlorobenzene
GC
Chloroform
GC
1-Chlorohexane
GC
Cyclohexane
GC
Decane
GC
1,2-Dichioroethane
GC
Dichloromethane
GC
1,5-Dichloropentane
GC
1,4-Dioxane
GC
Ethyl acetate
GC
Ethylbenzene
GC
Heptane
GC
Propyl ether
GC
Propyl sulfide
GC
Pyridine
GC
Tetrahydrofuran
GC
Toluene
GC
Poly(oxycarbonyloxy-1,4-phenyleneisopropylidene-1,4-phenylene)
[24936-68-3J and [25037-45-0J, poly(bisphenol A carbonate),
poly (carbonate)
Acetone
DL
Benzene
GC
Butyl acetate
GC
Butylbenzene
GC
te/7-Butylbenzene
GC
Refs.
110
110
110
110
376
376
376
376
376
376
376
376
376
376
376
376
376
376
376
376
376
376
376
376
376
376
376
386
362
362
362
362
Polymer-Solvent
Method
Refs.
Butylcyclohexane
Carbon dioxide
GC
362
CM
377,385
DL
338,386
Chlorobenzene
GC
310,362
Chloroform
GC
362
Cyclohexanol
GC
362
Cyclohexanone
GC
362
Decane
GC
310,362
o-Dichlorobenzene
GC
310
Dichloromethane
GC
362
1,4-Dioxane
CD
161
Dodecane
GC
362
Ethylbenzene
GC
362
Methane
DL
386
Methylcyclohexane
GC
362
2-Pentanone
GC
362
Propyl alcohol
GC
362
GC
362
Tetradecane
GC
362
Toluene
GC
362
Water
DL
386
Poly(oxyethylene) [25322-68-3] and [9004-74-4], polyethylene glycol),
poly(ethylene oxide)
Acetone
GC
268,302,317,376
Acetonitrile
GC
268,320,376
Acetophenone
GC
316
Aniline
GC
239
Benzaldehyde
GC
239
Benzene
CD
262,312
CM
138,277,312
D
213,382
GC 239,268,274,276,
302,317,320,376
VP
175,213
Benzyl alcohol
GC
239
p-Bromoacetophenone
GC
316
2-Butanone
GC
268,302,320,376
Butyl acetate
GC
268,376
Butyl alcohol
CD
218
GC
258,268,302
sec-Butyl alcohol
GC
258,302
CM
129,185,277,357
DL
185
GC
268,302,376
VP
185,357
p-Chloroacetophenone
GC
316
Chlorobenzene
GC
239,317
Chloroform
CD
230
CM
185,230
DL
185
GC
268,302,320,376
VP
117,185
1-Chlorohexane
GC
376
Chloromethane
CD
230
CM
230
Cyclohexane
GC
302,317,320
Decane
GC
239,302,320,376
1,2-Dichloroethane
GC
268,376
Dichloromethane
GC
276,376
1,5-Dichloropentane
GC
376
1,2-Dimethoxyethane
GC
320
GC
234
GC
234
GC
234
GC
234
TABLE 2.
TABLE 2. cont'd
contd
Polymer-Solvent
Method
Refs.
1-Methylnaphthalene
2-Methylnaphthalene
c-Nitroacetophenone
p-Nitroacetophenone
Nitroglycerin
Nitromethane
Nonane
Octane
Octyl alcohol
Pentane
2-Pentanol
Pentyl alcohol
Phenol
Phenyl acetate
Propyl alcohol
Propyl ether
Propyl sulfide
Pyridine
Tetrahydrofuran
Toluene
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
CM
GC
GC
GC
GC
CD
CM
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
CD
CM
GC
LS
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
LS
GC
234
234
234
234
234
234
129
302,320,376
239,302,320
317
276,317,320,376
218
138,277
258,276,302,317
320,376
302
234
234
316
316
239,302,320,376
302
302
258
239,276,302,317
258
258
302
258
316
316
258,320
316
316
320
302
316
316
218
138,277
258,268,274,317
242
234
234
316
316
346
302
239,302,344
239,302,317
258
302
258
258
239
239
258,317,320,344
376
376
302,320,376
268,376
268,302,317,
320,376
314
268
1,4-Dioxane
Dodecane
2-Ethoxyethyl ether
Ethyl acetate
Ethyl alcohol
Ethylbenzene
Ethyl ether
1-Ethylnaphthalene
2-Ethylnaphthalene
o-Fluoroacetophenone
p-Fluoroacetophenone
Heptane
3-Heptanone
1-Heptene
Heptyl alcohol
Hexane
2-Hexanol
3-Hexanol
1-Hexene
Hexyl alcohol
o-Hydroxyacetophenone
/?-Hydroxyacetophenone
Isopropyl alcohol
0-Methoxyacetophenone
/?-Methoxyacetophenone
2-Methoxyethyl ether
Methyl acetate
oMethylacetophenone
p-Methylacetophenone
Methyl alcohol
Polymer-Solvent
2,2,2-Trifluoroet.hanol
Undecane
Water
Method
GC
GC
CD
GC
OS
VP
GC
GC
320
239,302
150,230,303,312,
324,352,365
62,91,139,194,
230,311,312,324,
348,356
62,176,300,
365,382
268
214,368
62,176,375
302
268
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
GC
CD
CM
D
VP
GC
GC
GC
GC
234
234
234
231
234
234
234
231
234
234
265
132
265
132,165
234
234
234
234
CM
D
m-Xylene
o-Xylene
Poly(oxyethyleneoxyadipoyl) [24937-05-1 ]
1,4-Dioxane
Refs.
1-Ethylnaphthalene
2-Ethylnaphthalene
1-Methylnaphthalene
2-Methylnaphthalene
Poly(oxyethyleneoxysebacoyl) [26762-06-11 ]
Butyl butyrate
VP
197
1,4-Dioxane
CM
132
VP
132
Poly(oxyethyleneoxysuccinyl) [25667-11-2]
1,4-Dioxane
CM
132
VP
132
Poly(oxyhexamethyleneoxyadipoyl) [24937-10-8]
1,4-Dioxane
CD
265
D
265
Poly(oxy- 1-oxopentamethylene) [26354-94-9]
1,4-Dioxane
CD
265
D
265
Poly(oxypropylene) [25322-69-4], polypropylene glycol),
poly(propylene oxide)
Benzene
CM
347,349
GC
331
VP
215
Butyl alcohol
CM
118
DL
118
SW
118
,sec-Butyl alcohol
CM
118
SW
118
tert-Butyl alcohol
CM
118
SW
118
CM
118,163,371
DL
163
SW
118
VP
163,371
Chloroform
CM
163
DL
163
VP
163
TABLE 2. cont'd
Polymer-Solvent
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexene
Ethyl alcohol
Heptane
1-Heptene
2-Heptene
Hexane
1-Hexene
cw-2-Hexene
fra/w-2-Hexene
Isobutyl alcohol
Isopropyl alcohol
Methyl alcohol
2-Methylhexane
2-Methylpentane
Nonane
2-Pentanol
Pentyl alcohol
Propyl alcohol
Pyridine
Water
TABLE 2.
Method
Refs.
CM
118
GC
331
SW
118
GC
331
CM
118,347,348
DL
118
SW
118
GC
331
GC
331
GC
331
CD
241
CM
118,241
D
241
GC
331
SW
118
GC
331
GC
331
GC
331
CM
118
SW
118
CM
118
SW
118
CM
89
D
89
VP
89
GC
331
GC
331
GC
344
CM
118
SW
118
CM
118
SW
118
CM
118
GC
344
SW
118
CM
347
CD
241
CM 62,91,164,241,272,
311,322,348,353,373
D
62,241
VP
62,323
Poly(oxytrimethyleneoxyadipoyl) [36221 -42-8]

1,4-Dioxane
CM
VP
132
132
2.2. POLY(AMIDES)
Poly[L~iminocarbonyl(benzyloxycarbony!ethyl) methylene] [25038-53-3],
poly(y-benzyl-L-glutamate)
Chloroform
CD
179
Dichloroacetic acid
CD
179
CM
142
1,2-Dichloroethane
CM
142
D
133
VP
133
VP
227
Pyridine
D
133
VP
133
Poly[L-iminocarbonyl(benzyloxycarbonylmethyl) methylene]
[25736-41-8], poly(y-benzyl-L-aspartate)
Chloroform
D
133
VP
133
Poly[imino(l-oxohexarnethylene)] [25038-54-4], nylon 6
Decyl alcohol
VP
197
Water
VP
370
cont'd
Polymer-Solvent
Method
Refs.
2.3. POLY(SILOXANES)
Poly(oxydimethylsilylene) [9016-00-6], poly(dimethylsiloxane)
Acetone
SW
182
Benzene
CD
253
CM
20,116,169
D
169
SW
182
VP
20,204
CM
293
/ra/?s-Bicyclo[4.4.0]decane
CM
293
Bromocyclohexane
CM
184
DL
184
Butane
VP
99
2-Butanone
CM
141,184,205,380
DL
184
GC
383
LS
380
SW
182
Butyl acetate
CM
122
Butyl ether
CM
122
Butyl propionate
CM
122
Carbon dioxide
CM
377
CM
116
Chlorobenzene
CM
116
GC
310
OS
168
Cyclohexane
CM
116,169,293
D
169
OS
168
Cyclopentane
CM
293
Cyclooctane
CM
293
Decane
CD
253
CM
95
GC
270,310
Decyl acetate
CM
122
tf-Dichlorobenzene
GC
310
Diethoxymethane
CM
122
3,3-Diethylpentane
CM
293
1,2-Dimethoxyethane
CM
122
2,3-Dimethylbutane
GC
270
2,5-Dimethylhexane
GC
270
2,2-Dimethylpentane
CM
293
GC
270
2,3-Dimethylpentane
CM
293
2,4-Dimethylpentane
CM
293
3,3-Dimethylpentane
CM
293
2,2-Dimethylpropane
VP
99
Dodecane
CM
95,294
Ethyl acetate
CM
122,184,205
DL
184
Ethylbenzene
CD
253
CM
169
D
169
VP
204
Ethyl butyrate
CM
122
Ethyl decanoate
CM
122
Ethyl dodecanoate
CM
122
Ethyl ether
CM
122,205
Ethyl heptanoate
CM
122
Ethyl hexanoate
CM
122
Ethyl nonanoate
CM
122
Ethyl octanoate
CM
122
3-Ethylpentane
CM
293
Ethyl pentanoate
CM
122
TABLE 2. confd
Polymer-Solvent
Ethyl propionate
Ethyl undecanoate
Heptane
Heptyl acetate
Hexadecane
Hexamethyldisiloxane
Hexane
Hexyl acetate
Hexyl alcohol
Hexyl ether
Isopropylbenzene
Methyl alcohol
Methyl butyrate
Methylcyclohexane
Methyl decanoate
Methyl heptanoate
3-Methylhexane
Methyl heptanoate
Methyl nonanoate
Methyl octanoate
Methyl pentanoate
2-Methylpropane
Methyl propionate
Nonane
Nonyl acetate
Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane
Octamethyltrisiloxane
Octane
Octyl acetate
Pentane
2-Pentanone
Pentyl acetate
Pentyl ether
Pentyl propionate
Propyl acetate
Propyl alcohol
Propyl ether
Propyl propionate
Tetradecane
TABLE 2. cont'd
Method
Refs.
CM
CM
CM
CD
CM
D
DL
GC
CM
CM
CD
CM
DL
CD
CM
DL
GC
VP
CM
SW
CM
CM
D
SW
CM
CM
D
CM
CM
CM
CM
CM
CM
CM
VP
CM
CM
GC
CM
CM
DL
VP
CD
CD
CM
GC
VP
CM
CM
CD
CM
GC
VP
SW
CM
CM
CM
CM
DL
SW
CM
CM
CD
CM
CM
122
122
294
253
95,116,169,184
169
184
270
122
95,294
253
181,184
184
253
95,184
184
270
204
122
182
122
169
169
182
122
169
169
122
122
293
122
122
122
122
99
122
95
270
122
40,184
184
40
253
253
95,294
270
204
122
294
253
95
270
99
182
122
122
122
122,184
184
182
122
122
253
95
293,294
Polymer-Solvent
Toluene
Tridecane
Undecane
m-Xylene
<?-Xylene
p-Xylene
2.4. DERIVATIVES OF CELLULOSE

Cellulose acetate [9004-35-7J
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Aniline
Chloroform
Chlorornethane
WV-Dimethylacetamide
1,4-Dioxane
Ethyl alcohol
Methyl acetate
Methyl sulfoxide
Phenol
Pyridine
Tetrachloroethane
Cellulose nitrate [9004-70-0], nitrocellulose
Acetone
Acetonitrile
2-Butanone
Butyl acetate
Cyclopentanone
Dibutyl phthalate
1,4-Dioxane
Method
Refs.
CM
CD
CM
D
OS
SW
VP
CM
CM
D
CM
GC
CM
CM
D
SW
CM
D
SW
CD
CM
D
SW
293
253
169
169
168
182
204,372
95,205
169
169
294
270
95
169
169
182
169
169
182
253
169
169
182
D
LS
OS
VP
D
D
D
VP
D
CM
D
VP
DL
D
VP
CM
VP
D
OS
VP
D
VP
D
OS
65,152
304
65
65,108
152
152
152
109
152
251
152
108
335
152
108
251
109
65
65
65
152
108
3
3
CD
CM
D
OS
VP
VP
D
CM
D
VP
CM
VP
VP
4,7
21,55
4,7,128
202
4,7,16,42,67,108
42
128
21,55
128
42
21,328,379
42
42
TABLE 2. cont'd
Polymer-Solvent
Ethyl acetate
Ethyl propyl ether
2-Heptanone
Methyl acetate
Methyl alcohol
3-Methyl-2-butanone
Nitroglycerin
Nitromethane
2-Pentanone
Pinacolone
Propyl acetate
Triacetin
Tritolyl phosphate
Ethyl cellulose [9004-57-3]
Acetone
Benzene
Butane
2-Butanone
Butyl acetate
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
2,2-Dimethylpropane
Ethyl acetate
Methyl alcohol
2-Methylbutane
Pentane
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Water
Hydroxyethyl cellulose [9004-62-0]
Water
Hydroxypropyl cellulose [9004-64-2]
Water
Methyl cellulose [9004-67-5]
Water
Cellulose tricarbanilate [9047-07-8]
Cyclohexanol
5-Nonanone

Dextran [9004-54-0]
Ethanolamine
Ethylene glycol
Formamide
Glycerol
Methyl sulfoxide
Water
Lignin [9005-53-2]
N,N-Dimethylformamide
1,4-Dioxane
Methyl sulfoxide
Starch [9005-25-8]
Water
D.
Method
Refs.
CM
D
VP
D
D
VP
CM
VP
VP
VP
D
VP
VP
D
CM
CM
21,22
128
42
128
128
108
22,55
42
384
42
128
42
42
128
326,334
21
D
VP
D
VP
VP
D
D
D
D
GC
GC
VP
D
VP
VP
VP
GC
VP
172
66
172
66
77
172
172
172
172
364
364
77
172
66
77
77
364
79
OS
214
CM
353
CM
321,340
CD
D
CD
D
271
271
271
271
CM
CM
CM
CM
CD
CM
CD
CM
OS
VP
301
298,301
298,301
301
298,301
298,301
298,301
275,298,301
214,358
236,375
VP
VP
VP
153
153
153
VP
173
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H e a t s
o f
S o l u t i o n
o f
S o m e
C o m m o n
P o l y m e r s
Robert A . O r w o l l
College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA
A. Introduction
B. Table of Heats of Solution
C. References
A.
VII-671
VII-671
VII-673
heat of solution for a glass is usually dependent on

temperature and, to some extent, on the thermal history of
the glass. The dissolving of a semicrystalline polymer (C)
requires an additional amount of heat associated with the
disordering of crystalline regions. Consequently its heat of
solution is usually positive and depends on the extent of
crystallinity of the sample. An amorphous polymer above
its glass transition temperature (L) usually dissolves with
the absorption of a small amount of heat but may also
dissolve with the release of heat.
Most of the references to measurements made before
1972 were collected by D. R. Cooper (Manchester) for the
second edition of this Handbook. A more complete listing
of references to heats of solution can be found in the
chapter "Heat, Entropy, and Volume Changes for PolymerLiquid Systems."
INTRODUCTION
Heats of solution (at infinite dilution) are tabulated below

for some common polymers dissolved in some common
solvents. The values were determined calorimetrically and
are reported here as the heat (in Joules) absorbed per
gram of polymer as pure polymer and a large excess of
pure solvent mixed isothermally to form a homogeneous
solution.
The state of the polymer before dissolution is indicated
in the fourth column. It can significantly affect the heat of
solution. An amorphous polymer below its glass transition
temperature (G) often dissolves with release of heat. The
B. TABLE OF HEATS OF SOLUTION
Solvent
Poly(butadiene)
Benzene
Cyclohexane
/?-Hexadecane
Benzene
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
/?-Decane
Ethyl ether
n-Hexadecane
/?-Hexadecane
/r-Pentane
Poly(ethylene)
Cyclohexane
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene"
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene"
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene*
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene'7
Toluene
Poly(isobutylene)
Benzene
Benzene
AH (J/g)
Temp. (0C)
State
MW x 10
(g/mol)
Refs.
13
5.4
4.9
27
25
25
L
L
L
8
-
5
23
24
14
2.4
5.1
5.2
3.9
-1.3
5.5
5.5
-0.9
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
10
10
10
2.0
10
8
10
2
10
11
11
11
23
7
10
7
24
7
205
39
560
88
1200
262
106
130
80
150
110
126
C
L
C
L
C
C
90
67
67
14
14
90
32
12
12
12
12
32
19
19
25
30
L
L
3
4.8
8
25
Solvent
Benzene
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
rc-Decane
Ethylbenzene
Ethylbenzene
Ethyl ether
n-Hexadecane
/i-Hexadecane
n-Hexadecane
rc-Pentane
rc-Pentane
Poly(isoprene)
Benzene
Chloroform
Chloroform
Poly(oxyethylene)
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloridec
Carbon tetrachlorided
Chloroform
Water
Waterc
Water*
Water
Water
Water
Poly(oxypropylene)
Carbon tetrachloridec
Carbon tetrachlorided
Chloroform
Methyl alcohol
Poly(propylene)
Benzene
Chloroform
Chloroform
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
n-Decane
Ethylbenzene
rc-Hexadecane
w-Pentane
Toluene
Poly(styrene)
Chloroform
Cyclohexane
Ethylbenzene
Ethylbenzene
Ethylbenzene
Ethylbenzene
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Poly(vinyl acetate)
State
MW x 10 ~4 (g/mol)
Refs.
25
25
25
25
25
25
69
18
25
25
25
25
25
25
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
0.13
200
0.13
3
4.5
0.13
3
4.8
4.8
3
3
0.45
0.13
3
0.13
21
9
21
8
24
21
8
25
25
8
1
24
21
8
21
12
16
0.4
-84
-37
25
25
G
C
170
16
-Yl
52
-120
-160
-200
10
24
40
30
30
30
30
80
25
25
25
30
30
C
L
L
C
L
L
L
C
C
C
4.3
0.06
0.04
0.6
0.5
0.02
0.02
2
0.6
4.3
26
31
31
18
4
30
30
28
18
26
-20
-8
-14
-100
- 7
6
30
30
6
27
L
L
L
L
L
0.2
0.2
0.16
0.2
0.1
13
33
33
13
6
31
6.4
6.6
17
17
2.3
3.9
3.1
14
2.3
-4.7
320
16.5
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
120
25
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
C
L
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
0.6
1.8
1.8
1.8
0.6
1.8
1.8
27
22
27
22
27
23
27
27
27
24
27
12
27
- 20
-24
- 8.2
-6
-24
-22
-5
-3
-26
-22
-21
-7
-2.5
25
45
26
110
35
30
78
100
35
26
30
78
25
G
G
G
L
G
G
G
L
G
G
G
G
G
AH (J/g)
23
4.1
5.0
-0.7
-0.6
1.1
-0.5
3.5
9.3
2.8
0.04
0.9
1.0
-3.6
-3.2
Temp. (0C)
10
-
50
10
70
11
11
6
11
11
11
70
6
11
14
14
19
16
15
20
20
17
20
20
20
15
17
20
29
Solvent
Benzene
Chloroform
Methyl alcohol
0
b
c
1
A/f (J/g)
2.3
-45
28
Temp. (0C)
25
25
25
State
MW x 10 ~4 (g/mol)
G
G
G
14
14
14
Refs.
3
3
3
High-pressure poly(ethylene).
Low-Pressure poly(ethylene).
Hydroxy terminated.
Methoxy terminated.
C. REFERENCES
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
E. Calvet, Bull. Soc. Chim., 12, 553 (1945).

G. Gee, W. J. C. Orr, Trans. Faraday Soc, 42, 507 (1946).
H. Daoust, M. Rinfret, Can. J. Chem., 32, 492 (1954).
G. N. Malcolm, J. S. Rowlinson, Trans. Faraday Soc, 53,
921 (1957).
R. S. Jessup, J. Res. Natl. Bur. Std., 62, 1 (1959).
M. L. Lakhanpal, B. E. Conway, J. Polym. Sci., 46, 75
(1960).
G. Delmas, D. Patterson, D. Bohme, Trans. Faraday Soc, 58,
2116(1962).
G. Delmas, D. Patterson, T. Somcynsky, J. Polym. Sci., 57,
79 (1962).
A. A. Tager, A. I. Podlesnyak, Polym. Sci. USSR, 4, 698
(1963).
D. Patterson. J. Polym. Sci. A, 2, 5177 (1964).
G. Delmas, D. Patterson. S. N. Bhattacharyya, J. Phys.
Chem., 68, 1468 (1964).
H. P. Schreiber, M. H. Waidman, J. Polym. Sci. A-2, 5, 555
(1967).
R. W. Kershaw, G. N. Malcolm, Trans. Faraday Soc, 64, 323
(1968).
C. Gerth, F. H. Mueller, Kolloid-Z., 241, 1071 (1970).
A. A. Tager, A. I. Podlesnayak, M. V. Tsilipotkina,
L. V. Adamova, A. A. Bakhareva, L. V. Demidova,
Polym. Sci. USSR, 12, 1497 (1970).
S. Morimoto, Bull. Chem. Soc Japan, 44, 879 (1971).
S. H. Maron, F. E. Filisko, J. Macromol. Sci. B, 6,57 (1972).
S. H. Maron, F. E. Filisko, J. Macromol. Sci. B, 6,79 (1972).
19. P. Davalloo, J. L. Gainer, K. R. Hall, J. Chem. Thermodyn.,

4, 691 (1972).
20. F. E. Filisko, R. S. Raghava, G. S. Y. Yeh, J. Macromol. Sci.
B: Phys., 10, 371 (1974).
21. D. D. Deshpande, C. S. Prabhu, Macromolecules, 10, 433
(1977).
22. H. Ochiai, Y. Nishihara, S. Yamaguchi, I. Murakami, J. Sci.
Hiroshima Univ. Ser. A: Phys. Chem., 41, 157 (1977).
(1979).
(1979).
25. J.-G. Lee, M. Ono, F. Hamad, A. Nakajima, Polym. Bull.
(Berlin), 1, 763 (1979).
26. J. Koller, E. Killmann, Makromol. Chem., 182, 3579 (1981).
27. H. Ochiai, T. Ohashi, Y. Tadokoro, I. Murakami, Polym. J.
(Tokyo), 14, 457 (1982).
28. H. Daoust, D. St-Cyr, Macromolecules, 17, 596 (1984)
29. S. Morimoto, Thesis, Osaka City Univ, 1970, as cited in
T. Shiomi, K. Kohno, K. Yoneda, T. Tomita, M. Miya,
K. Imai, Macromolecules, 18, 414 (1985).
30. J. Biros, J. Pouchly, A. Zivny, Makromol. Chem., 188, 379
(1987).
31. E. Killmannn, F. Cordt, F. Moller, Makromol. Chem., 191,
2929 (1990).
32. H. Phuong-Nguyen, G. Delmas, J. SoIn. Chem., 23, 249
(1994).
33. E. Killmannn, F. Cordt, F. Moller, H. Zellner, Makromol.
Chem. Phys. 196, 47 (1995).
S o l u b i l i t y
P a r a m e t e r
V a l u e s
Eric A . G r u l k e
Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
A. Introduction
VII-675
B. Miscibility of Solvents and Polymers
VII-676
1. Cohesive Energy Density and the Solubility
(Hildebrand) Parameter
VII-676
2. Cohesive Energy Parameters for Polar
Systems
VII-677
3. Relationship Between Solubility
Parameters and Other Thermodynamic
Parameters
VII-677
C. Solubility Parameter Measurements,
Calculations, and Correlations
VII-679
1. Solvents
VII-679
2. Polymers
VII-680
2.1. Indirect Measurements
VII-680
2.2. Correlation Methods
VII-682
Table 1. Selected Solvents for Use in
Polymer Solvency Testing
VII-683
Table 2. Group Contribution to Cohesive
Energy Density
VII-684
2.1. Carbon-Containing Groups
VII-684
2.2. Oxygen-Containing Groups
VII-684
2.3. Nitrogen-Containing
Groups
VII-684
2.4. Other Groups
VII-684
2.5. Structural Features
VII-685
Table 3. Contribution to Ecoh and V
VII-685
Table 4. Solubility Parameter I: Component
Group Contributions
VII-686
Table 5. Solubility Parameter II: Component
Group Contributions
VII-686
Table 6. Equations to be Used for Hoy's
System
VII-687
D. Solubility Parameter Tables
VII-688
Table 7. Solubility Parameters of Solvents in
Alphabetical Order
VII-688
Table 8. Solubility Parameters of Solvents in
Increasing Order of 8
VII-694
Table 9. Hansen Solubility Parameters of
Liquids at 25C
VII-698
9.1. Paraffinic Hydrocarbons
VII-698
9.2. Aromatic Hydrocarbons
VII-698
9.3.
9.4.
9.5.
9.6.
9.7.
9.8.
Halohydrocarbons
Ethers
Ketones
Aldehydes
Esters
Nitrogen-Containing
Compounds
9.9. Sulfur-Containing
Compounds
9.10. Acid Halides and
Anhydrides
9.11. Alcohols
9.12. Acids
9.13. Phenols
9.14. Water
9.15. Polyhydric Alcohols
Table 10. Solubility Parameters of Polymers
10.1. Main Chain Carbon
Polymers
10.2. Main Chain C-O Polymers
10.3. Main Chain C-N Polymers
10.4. Other Polymers
E. References
A.
VII-698
VII-699
VII-699
VII-699
VII-699
VII-700
VII-700
VII-700
VII-700
VII-701
VII-701
VII-701
VII-701
VII-702
VII-702
VII-708
VII-709
VII-710
VII-711
INTRODUCTION
Applications of solubility parameters include selecting

compatible solvents for coating resins, predicting the
swelling of cured elastomers by solvents, estimating solvent
vapor pressure in polymer solutions for devolatilization and
reaction systems (16), and predicting phase equilibria for
polymer-polymer (107), polymer-binary (93), random
copolymer (102), and multicomponent solvents (38,
98,108,109).
Cohesive energy density and solubility parameters are
defined in the section on miscibility of solvents and
polymers (Section B). In addition, the applicability of
solubility parameters to thermodynamic calculations and
their limitations are discussed. Section C contains methods
for measuring, calculating and correlating solubility parameters of solvents and polymers. Section D contains
alphabetical listings of solubility parameters (Table 7), a list

of solubility parameters in rank order (Table 8), a list of
three-component solubility parameters of solvents (Table
9), and a list of solubility parameters of polymers (Table
10). With the exception of Table 7, solubility parameter
values are reported in MPa 1 / 2 units. The table showing
solubility parameter value ranges for polymers (Table 3.4 in
the third edition) has not been reproduced here.
B. MISCIBILITY OF SOLVENTS AND POLYMERS
The solubility parameter can be interpreted as the "internal

pressure" of the solvent (9-11). 5,- is called the Hildebrand
parameter by some authors. Other researchers (13) prefer
the term, "cohesion parameter", since it correlates with a
large number of physical and chemical properties, and not
just the miscibility of the components. The solubility
parameter of a mixture is often taken as the sum of the
products of the component solubility parameters with their
volume fractions:
(B5)
1. Cohesive Energy Density and the Solubility

(Hildebrand) Parameter
Dissolution of an amorphous polymer in a solvent is
governed by the free energy of mixing
(Bl)
where AGm is the Gibbs free energy change on mixing,
AHm is the enthalpy change on mixing, T the absolute
temperature, and AS m is the entropy change on mixing. A
negative value of the free energy change on mixing means
that the mixing process will occur spontaneously. Otherwise, two or more phases result from the mixing process.
Since the dissolution of a high molecular weight polymer is
always connected with a small or modest increase in
entropy, the enthalpy term (the sign and magnitude of
A / / m ) is the deciding factor in determining the sign of the
Gibbs free energy change. Solubility parameters were
developed to describe the enthalpy of mixing of simple
liquids (nonpolar, nonassociating solvents), but have been
extended to polar solvents and polymers.
Hildebrand and Scott (59) and Scatchard (101) proposed
that
(B2)
where V is the volume of the mixture, AEJ the energy of
vaporization of species /, Vj the molar volume of species /,
and (j>i the volume fraction of / in the mixture. AEJ is the
energy change upon isothermal vaporization of the
saturated liquid to the ideal gas state at infinite volume
(94). The cohesive energy density (CED), A, v , is the
energy of vaporization per cm 3 . The solubility parameter
has been defined as the square root of the cohesive energy
density and describes the attractive strength between
molecules of the material.
(B3)
Relation between S1 and AHm Equation (B2) can be

rewritten to give the heat of mixing per unit volume for a
binary mixture:
(B6)
Equation (B6) gives the heat of mixing of regular solutions
in which the components mix with: (a) no volume change
on mixing at constant pressure, (b) no reaction between the
components, and (c) no complex formation or special
associations (114). The heat of mixing must be smaller than
the entropic term in E)q. (Bl) for polymer-solvent
miscibility (AGm < 0). When 6\ = 62, the free energy of
mixing will always be less than zero for regular solutions
and the components will be miscible in all proportions. In
general, the solubility parameter difference, (8\ S2) must
be small for miscibility over the entire volume fraction
range.
Relation between S1 and AHJ The energy change on
isothermal vaporization can be related to the enthalpy of
vaporization:
(B7)
where AHJ is the enthalpy of vaporization at standard
conditions, AH^
the molar increase in enthalpy on
isothermally expanding the saturated vapor to zero
pressure, R the ideal gas constant, and ps the saturation
vapor pressure at temperature, T. At pressures below 1 atm,
the AHf0 and psVj terms are usually much less than the
AHJ and RT terms, and Eq. (B7) reduces to Eq. (B8):
(B8)
The solubility parameter of volatile materials (solvents
for example) can be determined by measuring their
enthalpy of vaporization or using a correlation for this
quantity, and using Eq. (B9):
The dimensions of <5/ are

(B9)
(B4)
Equation (B9) should be used at pressures near 1 atm. Near

the critical point, AHJ = 0, and Eq. (B8) incorrectly
predicts a negative value for the cohesive energy density

while Eq. (B7) yields a small positive value.
permanent dipole-dipole interactions and hydrogen bonding forces:
Dissolution of crystalline polymers The free energy of

mixing for crystalline polymers contains terms for the free
energy of fusion for the crystalline volume fraction of the
material. The free energy of fusion may contain terms that
account for the loss of crystallite surface area and the
mixing of amorphous material with oriented material.
These terms would be added to Eq. (Bl). The enthalpy of
mixing could still be modeled using Eqs. (B2) or (B6).
Some crystalline polymers obey the solubility parameter
model at temperatures near their melting point, T>0.9Tm
(123). Solvent swelling experiments with crystalline
polymers may fit Eq. (Bl), particularly if the solvent is a
poor one for the polymer and does not significantly dissolve
crystalline regions.
(BH)
2.
Cohesive Energy Parameters for Polar Systems
The solubility parameter describes well the enthalpy change

on mixing of nonpolar solvents but does not always give
reliable results when extended to polar systems. The free
energy change of mixing for polar systems is dominated by
hydrogen-bonding forces between various groups in the
solvent and polymer. Hydrogen-bonding forces are much
stronger than van der Waals or dipole forces and often
dominate the free energy of mixing. Complete miscibility
is expected to occur if the solubility parameters are
similar and the degree of hydrogen bonding (p: poor, m:
moderate and s: strong) is similar between the components.
Hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons and nitrohydrocarbons are considered to be poor hydrogen-bonding
solvents. Ketones, esters, and glycol monoethers give
moderate hydrogen bonding. Alcohols, amines, acids,
amides and aldehydes are strong hydrogen-bonding solvents. Table 7 classifies materials using these categories
(21-24). Alternative classifications have been given by
Lieberman (69), Gardon (41,85,86) and Dyck and Hoyer
(32).
Other investigators have decomposed the Hildebrand
parameter into several terms representing different contributions to the free energy of mixing. Hildebrand (59)
used dispersive and polar solubility terms for solvents, with
the complete parameter being given by
(BlO)
where S^ is the dispersive term and 6P the polar term. The
additional term improved agreement between 6 and
experimental data. Prausnitz and coworkers accounted for
polar bonding by including parameters for permanent
dipole interactions and dispersion type interactions. This
approach has been applied to polymer solutions (15) and
complex formation (57). Crowley et al. (26,27) proposed a
three-parameter system.
Hansen (49-53,56) and Hansen and Skaarup (54)
assume that the cohesive energy arises from dispersive,
where <5h accounts for a variety of association bonds,

including hydrogen bonds and permanent dipole-induced
dipole (47). The values of these components for solvents
were calculated from a large number of solubility data sets.
Polymer solubility parameters can also be decomposed to a
three-term set. The Hansen parameters give improved
agreement with data but are still not completely accurate in
predicting solutions thermodynamics for every system.
Peiffer (172) has related dispersion, polar and induced
solubility parameters to intermolecular forces and molecular size. The dispersive component increases with
molecular size, while the polar component decreases with
molecular size.
Temperature effects The solubility parameter decreases
with temperature. The individual terms have varied
dependence on temperature, namely (Ref. 55)
(B12)
where a (K"1) is the volumetric thermal expansion

coefficient.
3. Relationship between Solubility Parameters and other
Thermodynamic Parameters
Hildebrand and Hansen parameters can be calculated using

other thermodynamic quantities. This section contains some
of the relationships for binary systems. Extensions to
multicomponent systems are described by Flory (37) and
Olabisi et al. (89).
Activity coefficients Excess free energy calculations for
regular solutions (93) can be used to relate solubility
parameters and solvent activity coefficients:
(B13)
(B14)
where 7, is the activity coefficient of component i.
Equations (B 13) and (B 14) depend on the use of the
geometric mean, 512 = (6\ x ^2)1//2. Funk and Prausnitz
(40) show that there are deviations from this rule for
aromatic hydrocarbons.
Molar excess free energy of mixing The molar excess
free energy of mixing for binary solutions is
(B15)
where Sj-i is the solubility term of group / for species j .
Polymer-solvent interaction parameter The polymersolvent interaction parameter, x> is modeled as the sum of
entropic and enthalpic components:
(B16)
where XH is the enthalpic component and Xs is the entropic
component. Xs is usually taken to be a constant between 0.3
and 0.4 for nonpolar systems: Xs 0-34 is often used
(15,104). The enthalpic component can be related to the
Hildebrand parameters:
(B17)
Substituting Eq. (B 17) into Eq. (B 16)
(B18)
Equation (B 18) permits only positive values of the
interaction parameter. Since the Flory-Huggins criterion
for complete solvent-polymer miscibility is x < 0-5, the
enthalpic contribution must be small and the solubility
parameters of the solvent and polymer must be similar (21).
The molar volume of the solvent also affects miscibility and
phase equilibria: a Hildebrand parameter needed for phase
separation or miscibility cannot be specified without
specifying Vi.
Interchange energy density Equation (B 18) works well
for nonpolar systems for which Eq. (B 17) is a good description of the enthalpic component of the interaction
parameter. The geometric mean assumption of regular
solution theory is not appropriate for polar systems, and
better models include an extra term describing the
interchange energy density for the solvent-polymer pair.
For example
(B19)
with
(B20)
where I^ characterizes the intermolecular forces between
molecules (rather than using the geometric mean assumption). Equation (B20) allows the modeling of specific
interactions between components 1 and 2. Mixed solvents
can be treated as a single solvent by determining the
solubility parameter of the solvent mixture, and then using
this value in Eq. (B 18). If both the solvents and the
polymers interact, the description is more complicated. An
alternative definition of An uses the two-component
solubility parameter (Ref. 25)
(B21)
The Hansen parameters may also be used to model An-
Several recent theories for polymer solution thermodynamics include entropic, enthalpic and free-volume
contributions to the free energy of mixing. The free-volume
contributions modify the entropic components, and have the
opposite temperature dependence from the combinatorial
term, helping to explain the lower critical solution
temperature. Since Eq. (B 18) assumes a constant value
for the entropic component, it may not be valid over large
temperature ranges. However, Eq. (B 18) will predict the
upper critical solution temperature, and, from this standpoint, is adequate for a number of phase equilibria
applications near this condition.
The Lattice Fluid model (170) can be used to predict the
solubilities of hydrocarbon and chlorinated hydrocarbons in
nonpolar polymers. Three-dimensional solubility parameters can be used to provide an empirical correction to
the geometric mean approximation (171). This correction
predicts the solubility of polar and nonpolar solvents in
polymers using only the pure component equation-of-state
and solubility parameters.
Guide to polymer solvent miscibility A region of
solubility has been characterized by the distance between
solvent and solute coordinates (Ref. 14)
(B22)
A more general definition of the region of solubility is
(B23)
where a and b are empirical weighing factors. If the
distance between the solvent and the solute Hansen
coordinate position exceeds /?/,, the two components are
not soluble, or swelling is less than expected. R(J reduces
the need for three-dimensional plots. Some investigators
have used two-dimensional plots for polar and hydrogen
bonding terms, but the technique may be misleading for
materials with large dispersion contributions. Barton (12)
gives a number of models and contour map examples. As
mentioned previously, Eqs. (B 17)-(B 19) suggest that the
solvent molar volume can have a significant effect on
miscibility.
Zeller (131) reviewed graphical three-dimensional solubility parameter estimation methods (12,14,49,55,172,173)
as applied to solvent swelling of crosslinked elastomers. In
general, the graphical method (Eqs. B22 and B23) does not
account for the known influence of molar volume and
crosslink density of solubility, and incorrectly assumes a
linear relationship between the solubility parameter difference and solubility. An improved method used the FloryRehner equation to modify the interaction parameter for the
effects of crosslink density (132).
Guide to polymer-polymer miscibility In many polymer-polymer systems, miscibility can be predicted by

comparing the solubility parameters (139). The following
table proposes misciblity guidelines. Polymer-polymer
miscibility is enhanced when hydrogen bonding is present.
correlations. When AHJ is known at the normal boiling

point, it can be converted to the appropriate value at a
second temperature using (126)
(Cl)
TABLE OF MISCIBILITY GUIDELINES
Intermolecular Polymer blend

interaction
example
Critical
value of the
interaction
parameter,
Xcrit
Upper limit of the

non-hydrogen bonded solubility parameter difference,
A^ (MPa 1/2 )
Dispersive
forces only
Dipole-dipole
interactions
Polyisoprene-Poly- < 0.002

(vinylethylene)
Poly(methyl
0.002-0.001
methy aery late )poly(ethylene oxide)
Weak hydrogen Poly(vinyl chloride)- 0.02-0.2
bonds
polycaprolactone
Moderate
Poly(vinyl phenol)- 0.2-1.0
hydrogen
poly (vinyl acetate)
bonds
Strong hydrogen Poly(vinyl phenol)- 1.0-1.5
bonds
poly(vinyl methyl
ether
0
<0.02
0.2-1.0
1.0-2.0
2.0-5.0
5.0-6.0
Ref. 139.
C.
SOLUBILITY PARAMETER MEASUREMENTS,
CALCULATIONS, A N D CORRELATIONS
Solubility parameters can be determined by direct measurements, indirect calculations, or correlations with other
physical parameters. The solubility parameters of solvents
usually can be determined directly by measuring the energy
of vaporization. The solubility parameters of polymers can
only be determined indirectly and may be affected by
variations in their chemical constitutions, i.e., the number
of crosslinks and the distribution of chain branches or
substitutive groups along the polymer backbone. The
methods presented in this section can be used to develop
correlations of solubility parameters with other physical
properties for specific commercial polymer products or to
estimate the solubility parameters of new polymers.
1.
This corresponding state-type procedure gives estimates

within 2% of experimental values over a wide range of
temperatures (13). Hildebrand and Scott (59) proposed an
empirical correlation between AHJ at 25C and the normal
boiling point, Tb\
Solvents
Calculation of the solubility term (5) by relating the

enthalpy of vaporization to the energy of vaporization
Equation (B8) can be used to calculate AEJ when AHJ is

available. The molar volume of the solute is needed to
complete the calculation of 6, using Eq. (B3). This is the
most direct and accurate method of determining the
solubility parameter. However, <5's determined in this way
may not give the best prediction of solution behavior. The
solubility parameter values in Tables 7-9 reflect the
solvent's behavior in a variety of systems.
Correlations Both the enthalpy of vaporization and the
molar volume of a solvent can be estimated from
(C2)
with enthalpy units of kcal/mol. Lawson (67) suggests

different coefficients to include fluorocarbon liquids. The
Clausius-Clapeyron equation can be applied if vapor
pressure data are available. Eq. (C2) is reasonably accurate
only for liquids that are not hydrogen bonded. The Hildebrand parameter calculated by Eq. (C2) should be
adjusted as follows for different solvents (24): add 1.4
(cal/cm3)1/2 for alcohols, add 0.6 (cal/cm3)1/2 for esters,
and add 0.5 (cal/cm3)1/2 for ketones if the boiling point is
less than 1000C. Jayasri and Yaseen (64) suggest adding 1.7
(cal/cm3)1/2 for alcohols.
Solvent molar volumes are available or can be calculated
by group molar volume methods at 25C (35,163-165).
The molar volume for solids at 25C can be extrapolated
from liquid state values (the liquid is assumed to be
subcooled).
Thermodynamic coefficients
defined as (Ref. 88)
The internal pressure, ?r, is
(C3)
where /J is the constant volume thermal pressure coefficient

(the ratio of the coefficient of thermal expansion, a, to the
isothermal compressibility, K). Since the external pressure
is usually small with respect to TP, the internal pressure is
approximated by
(C4)
The Hildebrand parameter is the square root of the internal

pressure. Eq. (C4) provides a method for scaling the
Hildebrand parameter with temperature. This equation also
provides a method for the direct estimation for 6 of
polymers; a and K are measurable when AH] is not
meaningful (B7). The thermal pressure coefficient (C4) can
be evaluated from vapor-pressure data and is easier to apply
than the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. For high pressure
applications, such as phase equilibria in reverse osmosis
membranes, the external pressure term in Eq. (C3) may not
be negligible. Solubility parameters generally decrease with
increasing pressure.
van der Waals gas constant Tables are available in

many Handbooks for the van der Waals correction constants
to the ideal gas law, a and b, where a has units of l2/atm.
For some liquids, these values may be at hand when other
data are not available. They can be used to check
Hildebrand parameter values obtained from other sources.
(C5)
The form of Eq. (C5) can be obtained by substituting the
van der Waals equation of state into Eq. (C3).
Critical pressure The solubility parameter is related to
the critical pressure, Pc of a substance through the
empirical equation
(C6)
where the critical pressure is expressed in atmospheres.
Equation (C6) is not very accurate, but is simple to apply
when critical pressure data are available.
Surface tension Michaels (83) has shown that the surface
tension can be related to the cohesive energy density:
(CI)
where *yL is the surface tension and A is a constant.
Koenhen and Smolders (65) correlated surface tension and
two Hansen parameters:
(C8)
<5h is probably not related to the liquid-vapor interfacial
energy as these interactions do not involve breaking
hydrogen bonds. Eq. (C8) does not describe cyclic
compound, acetonitrile, carboxylic acids, polyfunctional
alcohols, and other polar compounds well. Hildebrand and
Scott (59) have proposed a different equation, which has
been discussed by Lee (68).
Index of refraction The dispersive Hansen parameter can
be related to the index of refraction, no (65,105).
(C9)
The interaction energy between nonpolar molecules should
depend on polarizability (London dispersion forces) and,
therefore, on the index of refraction.
Dipole moment Hansen and Skaarup (54) related the
polar Hansen parameter to the dielectric constant, e, and the
dipole moment, \x\
(ClO)
Beerbower and Dicky (14) proposed an empirical relationship:

(CU)
Kauri butanol values Proprietary hydrocarbon solvents
are usually mixtures with boiling ranges and unknown
molecular weights. Solubility parameter values may be
estimated from Kauri butanol values (ASTM Method
D1133-54T) using the equation
6 = 6.3 -f 0.03 KB
(C12)
2. Polymers
Hildebrand parameters cannot be calculated for polymers
from heat of vaporization data because of their nonvolatility. Indirect methods are described below. The solubility
parameter values in Table 10 may only be representative of
a given polymer since variations in compositions can lead
to changes in 6.
2.1. Indirect Measurements
Solvency testing (screening procedure) The classic
method for determining solubility parameter of a commercial polymer is solvency testing, or the solvency screening
procedure. This technique compares polymer solubility in
solvent groups with different hydrogen bonding characteristics (poor, moderate and strong). The midpoints of the
polymer's solubility range may be used as single-valued
quantities for some purposes, but may not agree with values
determined by other methods (43). A gram or two of solid
polymer is placed in a test tube and an approximate amount
of a selected solvent is added such that the final solution
would have about the correct solid content for the expected
commercial use, e.g., 50% for alkyds, 20% for vinyls, etc.
The exact amount is often unimportant, except for poor
solvents. A typical phase diagram for binary polymersolvent systems may show upper and lower critical solution
temperatures. The one-phase region expands away from the
UCST and LCST points, which often occur in the range of
20-80 wt.% polymer. The usual purpose of these experiments is to find good solvents for commercial product
formulation, and this screening procedure will help identify
such solvents. The mixture may be warmed and stirred to
speed up solution, but it should be cooled and observed at
room temperature. The resulting mixture should be a single
phase, clear and free of gel particles or cloudiness,
otherwise the polymer is judged insoluble. The solvents
to be used are selected from Table 1.
This grouping of solvents has been selected so that the
Hildebrand parameter values increase by reasonably
constant steps within each hydrogen bonding class. The
object of using these solvent spectra is to establish a
solubility parameter range for a polymer rather than a
single-valued number. This range has the advantage of
showing the difference, (6\ ^ ) 2 (see Eqs. B13, B14 and
B18), which can be tolerated between the solubility values

of the polymer and solvent for miscibility. Van Dyk et al.
(120) have shown that the molar volume improves the
correlation between solvency and the solubility parameters.
A better measure of solubility might be the group,
Vi(S1-S2)2.
In carrying out the procedure, it is convenient to select
the first trials about 1/2 and 2/3 of the way down the
column; for example, in the poorly hydrogen bonded group,
toluene and nitroethane would be chosen. If the polymer is
soluble in both, there is no need to try intermediate solvents
because experience has shown that the polymer will be
soluble in every case. The solvents at the end of the
spectrum should be tried next. If the polymer is soluble in
one but not both of the initial trials, the third trial should be
half-way between the two. By successive choices, sets of
two adjacent solvents will be found, one of which dissolves
the polymer and one that does not. The parameter values of
the solvents which do dissolve the polymer mark the ends
of the range. The procedure is repeated for the other two
hydrogen bonding classes.
Osmotic pressure Fedors (35) used the osmotic pressure
of polymer solutions to determine solubility parameters.
Swelling values Another method for measuring the
solubility parameter of polymers is to prepare a sparsely
crosslinked sample and immerse it in a series of liquids of
varying 8 (166,167). The crosslinked material will swell to
varying degrees, with the maximum amount of swelling
occurring when the solvent has the same Hildebrand
parameter as the polymer. The amount of swelling can be
measured by length, weight, or volume changes. By
inference, the soluble, uncrosslinked materials has the
same value. An example of a crosslinked sample is styrene
polymerized with 1% divinyl benzene.
Turbidity Polymer can be precipitated from dilute
solution by adding a non-solvent. The cloud point defines
the onset of two phases. The enthalpic component of the
interaction parameter, x#> can be related to the solubility
parameter difference between the solvent and the polymer
(Eq. B17). Two different non-solvents are used: one having
a solubility parameter above that of the solvent, and another
having a solubility parameter below that of the solvent. The
enthalpic components of the interaction parameter for each
phase are equal at the cloud point, which can be used to
measure the solubility parameter of the polymer (116). The
two expressions for XH &re
parameters of the mixed solvents. The mixture properties

are calculated using
(C14)
(C15)
where the subscripts, 1 and 3, refer to the solvent and the
nonsolvent. Eq. (C 13) is simplified to determine the
solubility parameter of the polymer:
(ci6)
The volume fraction of the nonsolvent at the cloud point is
used to compute the solvent mixture solubility parameter
and molar volume. Cloud point experiments are done for a
series of solvents with the two nonsolvents, generating a set
of points, (6\, 82). The intersection of the line defined by
this set of points with the line, 61 =62, determines the
polymer's solubility parameter.
Specific volume The specific volume of polymers varies
with the solvent. Good solvents give higher values of the
specific volume while poor solvents give lower values. A
plot of the polymer specific volume as a function of
solubility parameter gives a maximum value, which is taken
to be the solubility parameter of the polymer. High
precision density measurements at carefully controlled
temperatures are needed for this method (168). The partial
specific volume is defined as
(C17)
The specific volume of a nonideal two-component system
is
(C18)
where V2 is the rate of change in volume of the solution
when a very small amount of polymer is added. As the
solvent volume fraction goes to one, the partial molar
volume of solvent is constant and Eq. (C 18) becomes
(C19)
The maximum of the polymer partial specific volume is
estimated by fitting a quadratic to the data (Ref. 142):
(C20)
(C13)
where Vm\ and Vmh represent the molar volumes at the

cloud points of the solvent-lower solubility parameter
nonsolvent and solvent-higher solubility parameter nonsolvent, respectively. 8m\ and <5mh are the solubility
It is possible to estimate the polymer solubility parameter

with only two reference solvents (168), but more reliable
values are found by using a range of solvents.
Intrinsic viscosity A number of researchers have used
intrinsic viscosity to estimate Hildebrand parameters (74).
Flory (37) related intrinsic viscosity to polymer molecular

weight and the chain-expansion factor. The chain-expansion factor can, in turn, be related to the polymer-solvent
interaction parameter using the Flory-Huggins theory.
Maximum coil extension should occur in solvents near
the polymer's solubility parameter. A variety of models can
be used to relate the interaction parameter to Hildebrand
parameters (19,80,115,167-169). These equations are
quadratic (Eq. C21) or take the form of a gaussian curve
(Eq. C22):
(C21)
(C22)
where [rj] is the intrinsic viscosity, [r?]max the maximum
intrinsic viscosity, and A the constant. These researchers
have shown that Eq. (C 14) gives a good correlation between
solvency and Hansen parameters for methacrylate polymers.
Inverse phase gas chromatography This method has
been used by a number of investigators to measure infinite
dilution weight fraction activity coefficients (6,2931,63,71,72,84,90,91,113). These coefficients can be
related to Hildebrand parameters by using a thermodynamic
theory for polymer solutions, such as Flory-Huggins
theory. The polymer is the stationary phase in a gas
chromatography column. Both binary and multicomponent
equilibria (46,99,100) can be studied using this method.
Chromatographic techniques have the advantage of rapid
measurement of thermodynamic values once the columns
have been made. The solubility parameter can be related to
the specific retention volume of the solvent on the column.
Both Vi and AHJ must be known at the temperature of the
column. Molar volumes for the solvents can be determined
by using literature density equations or generating equations from density data. Values for the enthalpy of
vaporization can be determined at the experimental
temperature (71).
The inverse phase gas chromatography method has the
advantage of providing values for the infinite dilution
solubility parameter, Sf0, over a range of temperatures. This
is particularly valuable for the prediction of phase equilibria
at elevated temperatures. The value of 6f at 25C can be
estimated by using the expected temperature dependence
for x (Eq. B18) of
(C23)
One potential problem with this technique is that x *s
known to be a function of concentration and the polymer
Hildebrand parameter is determined at infinite dilution of
solvent. For a number of binary systems, the change in \
with solvent weight fraction is the largest as u 0. The
concentration dependence of the interaction parameter can
be modeled using methods given in the chapter on
interaction parameters in this Handbook.
2.2. Correlation Methods

Refractive index Koenhen and Smolders (65) have
predicted dispersive Hansen parameters from refractive
index measurements of polymers. Wu (128) has suggested
an effective cross-sectional area to relate the cohesive
energy density and surface tension
(C24)
where n$ is the number of atoms in a segment, V,s the
molar volume of a segment, and 7^ the dispersion contribution to the free surface energy of the polymer.
Dipole moment Equation (ClO) has been applied to
polymers by Koenhen and Smolders (65). The dipole
moments of polymers are between 70% and 90% of those
of the corresponding monomer units.
Hydrogen-bonding parameter Hansen and Beerbower
(55) compiled enthalpy data for hydrogen bonding groups.
The following values are suggested:
Group
Alcohol
Amide
Ester
Nitrile
Ether
Monochloro substituent
Phenylene ring
Cohesive energy, E\x, (kj/mol)

20.9
16.3
5.2
2.1
2.3
0.4
0.4
Refs.
83
54
54
54
54
54
The hydrogen-bonding parameter is given by
*l=Y
(C25)
Group contribution methods These methods have been

used to estimate the solubility parameter (17,20,28,33,35,
58,60,61,96,112,121,122). van Krevelen (123), Fedors (35),
and Barton (12) have reviewed these techniques and given
tables of group values. The molar volume of solvents and
polymers can also be estimated by group contribution
techniques (108).
The sets of group constants of Small (112), Hoy (61)
van Krevelen (121) and van Krevelen and Hoftyzer (122)
seem to be most comprehensive. Table 2 gives the
group molar attraction constants at 25C. Small's values
were derived from measurements of the heat of vaporization.
Hoy's values were derived from vapor pressure measurements. The group contribution values of van Krevelen and
Hoftyzer are based on cohesive energy data of polymers.
The group contribution techniques are based on the
assumption that the contributions of different functional
groups to the thermodynamic property are additive. The
energy of vaporization of a solvent or polymer is
(C26)
where Aej is the energy of vaporization contribution of

group jf, and ny the number of groups of type j in the
molecule. The solubility parameter is obtained by combining Eqs. (B3) and (C26):
(C27)
Small (112) defined the molar attraction constant as

(C28)
that can be used to calculate the solubility parameter by
(C29)
where p{ is the polymer density and M/ is the polymer

molecular weight. <5/ can be evaluated for polymer
repeating group by using group contribution calculations
for the molar volume and the cohesive energy density or
molar attraction constant. Table 2 gives sets of molar
attraction constants and the energy of vaporization provided
by several different authors. It is preferrable to use
parameters from only one set when determining the
solubility parameter of a repeating unit. Table 3 gives the
cohesive energy densities and group molar volumes
determined by Fedors. This set may give less accurate
estimates than those in Table 2, but it has value because it is
more comprehensive and can be applied to more systems.
Hansen parameters
The terms in Eq. (BH) can be
estimated by group contribution methods. In general, the
resulting factors are known less accurately than the group
molar attraction constants or energy of vaporizations. The
interaction of structural groups within molecules may not
follow simple additive rules. However, the estimate of
Hansen parameters can be very useful. Under the method of
Hoftyzer and van Krevelen (Table 4), the terms are
estimated as
(C30)
The dispersive Hansen parameter treats the molar attraction

constants as additive. The polar Hansen parameters also are
additive, unless more than one polar group is present.
Methods for treating additional polar groups are given in
the last three rows of Table 4: additional polar groups do

not add linearly to the polar Hansen term. The molar
attraction constant is not applied to the hydrogen-bonding
Hansen parameter. Rather, a hydrogen bonding energy, E^,
is used.
Hoy (178-179) has an alternative group contribution method (Table 5). It includes a molar attraction
function, Ftj a polar component of this function, Fp>;,
the molar volume of the solvent or polymer structural
unit, the Lyderson correction for solvent non-ideality,
A J / , and a similar correction for polymer non-ideality,
Bicerano (164) and Porter (165) have developed new
group contribution techniques for a wide variety of polymer
properties. These approaches consider how the different
functional groups are connected in the molecule or in the
polymeric repeating unit. Bicerano's method uses Fedor's
(35) and van Krevelen's (123,163) group contribution
values. Both references provide solubility parameter predictions of a number of polymers.
TABLE 1. SELECTED SOLVENTS FOR USE IN POLYMER

SOLVENCY TESTING
Solvent
POORLY HYDROGEN BONDED
rc-Pentane
rc-Heptane
Methylcyclohexane
Solvesso 150
Toluene
o-Dichlorobenzene
1-Bromonaphthalene
Nitroethane
Acetonitrile
Nitromethane
<5 (MPa 1Z2)
14.3
15.1
16.0
17.4
18.2
19.4
20.5
21.7
22.7
24.1
26.0
MODERATELY HYDROGEN BONDED

Diethyl ether
Diisobutyl ketone
n-Butyl acetate
Methyl propionate
Dibutyl phthalate
Dioxane
Dimethyl phthalate
2,3-Butylene carbonate
Propylene carbonate
Ethylene carbonate
15.2
16.0
17.4
18.2
19.0
20.3
21.9
24.8
27.2
30.1
STRONGLY HYDROGEN BONDED

2-Ethyl hexanol
Methyl isobutyl carbinol
2-Ethyl butanol
/?-Pentanol
H-Butanol
;?-Propanol
Ethanol
Methanol
19.4
20.5
21.5
22.3
23.3
24.3
26.0
29.7
TABLE 2. GROUP CONTRIBUTIONS TO COHESIVE ENERGY DENSITY

F[MPa1Z2CiIi3ZmOl]
Small (112)
A(v(J/mol)
van Krevelen (121)
Group
Hoy (61)
2.1. CARBON-CONTAINING GROUPS

-CH 3
437
N
van Krevelen and

Hoftyzer (163)
420
303
9630
CH2
272
280
269
4190
^CH-
57
140
176
420
-190
388
277
39
495
685
454
265
0
222
82
-5580
560
841
444
304
65
259
249
173
240
201
(479)
(672)
497
421
(704)
724
(725)
583
454
1500
1350
2340
1380
1660
1520
1380
-
143
562
634
-
255
754
685
511
651
767
767
235
360
462
350
538
688
(998)
(904)
1160
1120
982
1290
1480
464
368
125
(901)
725
(906)
(1040)
734
164-205
460
644
(250)
552
695
870
307
561
900
900
1020
-77
140
460
164
471
614
-
- 103 (acidic dimer)

428
8800
84
420
528
4470
12990
15500
^C x '
= CH2
= CH= cf
- C H = (aromatic)
-C = (aromatic)
-CH(CH3)-C(CH 3 ) 2 -CH = CH-C = CHCH 3
H
N
C=c'
H-C = C -C =C Cyclopentyl
Cyclohexyl
Phenyl
/7-Phenylene
Naphthyl
2.2. OXYGEN-CONTAININGGROUPS
- O - , ether
- O - , epoxide
-OH
-OH, aromatic
-(C = O ) -(C = O)-O-(C = O)-OH
-0-(C = O)-O-(C = O)-O-(C = O ) -
2.3. NITROGEN-CONTAINING GROUPS

-NH 2
-NH-N'
-CH-CN
(896)
-CN
839
-(C = O)-NH-0-(C = O)-NH
-
-N=C=O
2.4. OTHERGROUPS
-H
-S-SH
-F
-Cl (primary)
-Br (primary)
-I
-CF2-CF 3
-O-N = O
-NO2
-PO 4
-Si-
1300
1470
(1400)
(1440)
(10060)
(13700)
10200
4860
(14500)
31000
25140
6290
-
13410
25420
25000
60760
TABLE 2. cont'd
F [MPa 1 / 2 cm 3 /mol]
Small (112)
AE*(J/mo\)
van Krevelen (121)
Group
2.5. STRUCTURAL FEATURES
Conjugation
cw
trans
Ring, 4 member
5 member
6 member
Subscription, ortho
meta
41-61
215-235
194-215
-
E coh (J/mol)
-CH3
N
CH
4710
4940
CH,
CN
=CH2
V(cm 3 /mol)
3430
1470
4310
-19.2
28.5
'
Group
HCOO-, formate
- C O 2 C O 2 - , oxalate
-HCO 3
-COF
-COCl
_COBr
~CO1
-NH,
-p/
H-C=
3850
-C7070
Phenyl
31940
Phenylene:,,m,p
31940
Phenyl (trisubstituted)
31940
(tetrasubstituted)
31940
(pentasubstituted)
31940
(hexasubstituted)
31940
Ring closure, 5 + atoms
1050
3 or 4 atoms
3140
Conjugation in ring for each double bond 1670
Halogen attached to carbon atom
- 20% of Ecoh of
with double bond
halogen
-F
-F, disubstituted
trisubstituted
- C F 2 - , perfluoro compounds
-CF 3 , perfluoro compounds
-Cl
-Cl, disubstituted
trisubstituted
-Br
-Br, disubstituted
trisubstituted
-I
-1, disubstituted
trisubstituted
-CN
-OH
-OH, disubstituted or adjacent C atoms
-O-CHO, aldehyde
-CO-COOH
-COO- C O 3 - , carbonate
- C 2 O 3 - , anhydride
48
-15
-28
159
3
-48
20
14
TABLE 3. cont'd
33.5
16 1
'
-1.0
'
TABLE 3. CONTRIBUTIONS TO fcoh AND Va

Group
van Krevelen and

Hoftyzer (163)
Hoy (61)
27.4
6.5
71.4
52.4
33.4
14.4
-4.6
-23.6
16.0
18.0
2.2
4.0
\
-N=
"NHNH2
"N(NH 2 )H
\ .Nx
N
H
-N 2 , diazo
-N = N ^C-N=N-C/
/
X
N _ r _ N
~M-<- ~ "
Ecoh (J/mol)
V (cm3/mol)
18000
26790
12560
13400
17580
24150
32.5
37.3
18.0
29.0
38.1
41.6
29300
487
,.
4190
-9.0
11720
50
21980
16740
16.0
16740
16.0
8370
4190
20090
11470
IRRZLO
23
r\ \
4190
18.0
-IN=L,
155W
Z^.i
3560
2300
4270
4270
11550
9630
7530
15490
12350
10670
19050
16740
16330
25530
29800
21850
3350
21350
17370
27630
18000
17580
30560
20^0
22.0
23.0
57.5
24.0
26.0
27.3
30.0
31.0
32.4
315
33^
37.0
24.0
10.0
13.0
3.8
22.3
10.8
28.5
18.0
22.0
30.0
"NF2
rrû
PONH
-LAJINH^ ^N^
C" ^
O
^\ ^
^
C
N
H
HCONH-NHCOO-NHCONHIl
îsrC^N^
,
\
H Q
Ii
"N" ^N"
i
i
NH 2 COO-NCO
-ONH 2
7660
AVRZ
VvM)
33.1
Ins
o
W W
29510
~1J
27630
11.3
43950
26370
50230
27.0
18.5
4186
37000
28460
19050
35.0
20.0
TABLE 3. cont'd
Group
TABLE 4. SOLUBILITY PARAMETER I: COMPONENT GROUP

CONTRIBUTIONS0
COh (J/mol)
V(cm 3 /mo!)

r1^
^d/
HH
9S190
UH
I
-CH=: NOH
-NO 2 , aliphatic
-NO 2 , aromatic
-NO 3
-NO 2 , nitrate
-NHNO 2
-NNO-SH
-S-S2-S3)s=O
503
504
-SO 2 Cl
-SCN
-NCS
P
PO 3
Structural Group
25120
29300
15360
20930
11720
39770
27210
14440
14150
23860
13400
39140
18840
28460
37070
20090
25120
9420
14230
^ -
24.0
24.0
32.0
33.5
33.5
28.7
10.0
28.0
12.0
23.0
47.2
27.6
31.6
43.5
37.0
40.0
- 1.0
22.7
mol)
mol)
-CH 3
VH
420
270
0
0
0
0
CH\ ,
^
-CH2
=CH= Q/
/,
-\_J
/ ^
-(Q)
)=f
" O " ^ ^ ^
J ^
80
~~
400
200
70
0
0
0
0
0
0
1620
*10
1270
H 0
^
^
550
400
143
'
7?'?
-CN
430
u0
-OH
210
500
!?J
91770
SlS
IzS
Ge
Sn
Pb
As
Sb
Bi
Se
Te
Zn
8080
11300
17160
12980
16330
21350
17160
20090
14480
-1.5
1.5
2.5
7.0
8.9
9.5
16.0
17.4
2.5
Cd
n790
Hg
22810
0
,-,O1n
\H\l
, L
_2;
20 4
Vn
I "
-O-COH
-C-COOH
H COO-
6 5
20000
40
3000
290
770
2000
800
530
390
NH?-
2500
10
470
-N"~
-Nx
-NO2
-S=PO4Ring
One plane of symmetry
Two planes of symmetry
More planes of symmetry
_ ^
(J/mol)
10
vmn
SO
1' 0 ^
BO3
..
-
Po" OH
3
F pi
^J
111
4500
420
SS
160
:
210
20
500
440
740
190
-
10000
310
800
1070
5000
1500
1890
13000
0.50x
0.25 x
Ox
Ox
R e t 163>
7.5
Ref. 35.
TABLE 5.
SOLUBILITY PARAMETER II: COMPONENT GROUP CONTRIBUTIONS 0
Group
Fa
((J cm^ 1 / 2 /mol)
Fpi
((J cm 3 ) 1 / 2 /mol)
V1
(cm 3 /mol)
-CH 3
303.5
21.55
0.023
0.022
CH 2
269.0
15.55
0.020
0.020
^CH-
176.0
9.56
0.012
0.013
^cf
^CH 2
= CH^c(
CHaromatic
C aromatic
-HC = O
65.5
259
249
173
241
201
600
0
67
59.5
63
62.5
65
532
3.56
19.17
13.18
7.18
13.42
7.42
23.3
0
0.018
0.018
0
0.011
0.011
0.048
0.04
0.019
0.0185
0.013
0.018
0.015
0.045
An*
A?
TABLE 5. cont'd
Group
Fu
((Jcm 3 ) 1/2 /mol)
-CO-COOH
-COO-CO-O-CO-CN
-N = C= O
-N(HCO)-CONH 2
-CONH-OCONH-OH-+H-bonded
-OH, primary
secondary
tertiary
phenolic
- O - , ether
acetal
epoxide
-NH2
-NH-
Fp,((J cm3)1/2/"!!)
538
565
640
1160
725
736
1020
1200
1131
1265
485
675
591
(500)
350
235
236
361
464
368
525
415
528
1160
725
8.2
725
900
895
890
485
675
591
(500)
350
216
102
156
464
368
Vi
(cm 3 /mol)
Ar/
A^
17.3
26.1
23.7
41.0
23.1
25.9
35.8
34.3
28.3
34.8
10.65
12.45
12.45
12.45
12.45
6.45
6.45
6.45
17.0
11.0
0.040
0.039
0.047
0.086
0.060
0.054
0.062
0.071
0.054
0.078
0.082
0.082
0.082
0.082
0.031
0.021
0.018
0.027
0.031
0.031
0.040
0.039
0.050
0.086
0.054
0.054
0.055
0.084
0.073
0.094
0.034
0.049
0.049
0.049
0.006
0.018
0.018
0.027
0.035
0.275
-N'
-S-F
-Cl, primary
secondary
aromatic
125
428
845
419.5
426
330
125
428
73.5
307
315
81.5
12.6
18.0
11.2
19.5
19.5
19.5
0.014
0.015
0.018
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.009
0.032
0.006
0.031
0.032
0.025
<
705
572
39.0
0.034
0.052
528
422
277
159
43
-48
92
47.5
-14.6
-27.6
20.2
13.5
83
123
100
25.3
25.3
0.010
0.010
0.039
0.031
Cl
-Br, aliphatic
aromatic
Base value, B
Ring, non-aromatic 4-member
5-member
6-mernber
7-member
Conjugation, isomerism
cis
trans
Aromatic substitution, ortho
meta
para
203
85
61
0
-19.8
-14.6
-27.6
-13.3
-24.3
-34.0
0
0
0
0.012
0.003
-0.0035
0.007
0.0035
-0.001
-0.002
0.0015
0.001
0.006
0
-
0
0
0
0
0
0
Ref. (178-179).
TABLE 6. EQUATIONS TO BE USED FOR HOY'S SYSTEM '

Formulae
Additive molar functions
Solvents
Ft = E w /F/./
> ~ E' 7 '^/<
P = X>/Fp.,V = Ew1-V1Ar = E ^ A 7 ,
Tb
Auxiliary equations
Amorphous polymers
log a = 339
0.1585 - log V,
T ci
Tb boiling point, TCi = critical temp.
( ) = 0.567+ Ar-(A,r-.
P =E " < / V
v = E"/V,A<P> = E/A<P;
a(P)=777AlP)
n = 2
Lyderson equation
Expressions for b and 6-components
6, = ~
; B 277
6, = ~ ; B 277
Next Page
TABLE 6. cont'd
Formulae
Solvents
Amorphous polymers
In the equations given here, Ft is always combined with a Base value, a is the molecular aggregation number, and n the number of repeating units per polymer chain segment.
D.
SOLUBILITY PARAMETER TABLES
TABLE 7.
SOLUBILITY PARAMETERS OF SOLVENTS IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER
Solubility parameter 3
Solvent
CAS number
Acetaldehyde
Acetic acid
Acetic anhydride
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Acetophenone
Acetyl chloride
Acetylmorpholine (AO
Acetylpiperidine (AO
Acetylpyrrolidine (AO
Acrolein
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
AHyI acetate
Allyl alcohol
Allyl chloride
Ammonia
Amyl acetate (iso)
(normal)
(secondary)
Amyl alcohol
Amyl alcohol (normal)
Amylamine (normal)
Amyl bromide (1-bromopentane)
Amyl chloride (1-chloropentane)
Amylene (2-methyl-2-butene)
Amyl ether (pentyl ether)
Amyl formate (iso)
(normal)
Amyl iodide (1-iodopentane)
Anethole (para)
Aniline
Anthracene
Apco #18 solvent
Apco #140 solvent
Apco thinner
Aroclor 1248
Benzaldehyde
Benzene
Benzonitrile
Benzyl alcohol
Bicyclohexyl
Bromobenzene
1-Bromonaphthalene
Bromostyrene (ortho)
1,3-Butadiene
75-07-0
64-19-7
108-24-7
67-64-1
75-07-8
98-86-2
75-36-5
1696-20-4
618-42-8
1072-83-9
107-02-8
79-10-7
107-13-1
591-87-7
107-18-6
107-05-1
7664-41-7
625-16-1
628-63-7
626-38-0
75-85-4
71-41-0
110-58-7
110-53-2
543-59-9
513-35-9
693-65-2
110-45-2
638-49-3
628-17-1
4180-23-8
65-53-3
120-12-7
12672-29-6
100-52-7
71-43-2
100-47-0
100-51-6
92-51-3
108-86-1
90-11-9
2039-88-5
106-99-0
(MPa1/2)
(cal/cm)1/2
21.1
20.7
21.1
20.3
24.3
21.7
19.4
23.7
22.9
23.3
20.1
24.6
21.5
18.8
24.1
18.0
33.4
16.0
17.4
17.0
20.5
22.3
17.8
15.6
17.0
14.1
14.9
16.4
17.2
17.2
17.2
21.1
20.3
15.3
14.9
16.0
18.0
19.2
18.8
17.2
24.8
17.4
20.3
21.7
20.1
14.5
10.3
10.2
10.3
9.9
11.9
10.6
9.5
11.6
11.2
11.4
9.8
12.0
10.5
9.2
11.8
8.8
16.3
7.8
8.5
8.3
10.0
10.9
8.7
7.6
8.3
6.9
7.3
8.0
8.5
8.4
8.4
10.3
9.9
7.5
7.3
7.8
8.8
9.4
9.2
8.4
12.1
08.5
09.9
10.6
9.8
7.1
H-bonding
group
m
s
s
m
p
m
m
m
s
s
s
s
p
m
s
m
s
m
m
m
s
s
s
m
m
p
m
m
m
m
m
s
p
p
p
p
p
m
p
p
s
p
p
p
p
p
Previous Page
TABLE 6. cont'd
Formulae
Solvents
Amorphous polymers
In the equations given here, Ft is always combined with a Base value, a is the molecular aggregation number, and n the number of repeating units per polymer chain segment.
D.
SOLUBILITY PARAMETER TABLES
TABLE 7.
SOLUBILITY PARAMETERS OF SOLVENTS IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER
Solvent
CAS number
Acetaldehyde
Acetic acid
Acetic anhydride
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Acetophenone
Acetyl chloride
Acetylmorpholine (AO
Acetylpyrrolidine (AO
Acrolein
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
AHyI acetate
Allyl alcohol
Allyl chloride
Ammonia
Amyl acetate (iso)
(normal)
(secondary)
Amyl alcohol
Amyl alcohol (normal)
Amylamine (normal)
Amyl formate (iso)
(normal)
Anethole (para)
Aniline
Anthracene
Apco #18 solvent
Apco #140 solvent
Apco thinner
Aroclor 1248
Benzaldehyde
Benzene
Benzonitrile
Benzyl alcohol
Bicyclohexyl
Bromobenzene
1-Bromonaphthalene
Bromostyrene (ortho)
1,3-Butadiene
75-07-0
64-19-7
108-24-7
67-64-1
75-07-8
98-86-2
75-36-5
1696-20-4
618-42-8
1072-83-9
107-02-8
79-10-7
107-13-1
591-87-7
107-18-6
107-05-1
7664-41-7
625-16-1
628-63-7
626-38-0
75-85-4
71-41-0
110-58-7
110-53-2
543-59-9
513-35-9
693-65-2
110-45-2
638-49-3
628-17-1
4180-23-8
65-53-3
120-12-7
12672-29-6
100-52-7
71-43-2
100-47-0
100-51-6
92-51-3
108-86-1
90-11-9
2039-88-5
106-99-0
(MPa1/2)
(cal/cm)1/2
21.1
20.7
21.1
20.3
24.3
21.7
19.4
23.7
22.9
23.3
20.1
24.6
21.5
18.8
24.1
18.0
33.4
16.0
17.4
17.0
20.5
22.3
17.8
15.6
17.0
14.1
14.9
16.4
17.2
17.2
17.2
21.1
20.3
15.3
14.9
16.0
18.0
19.2
18.8
17.2
24.8
17.4
20.3
21.7
20.1
14.5
10.3
10.2
10.3
9.9
11.9
10.6
9.5
11.6
11.2
11.4
9.8
12.0
10.5
9.2
11.8
8.8
16.3
7.8
8.5
8.3
10.0
10.9
8.7
7.6
8.3
6.9
7.3
8.0
8.5
8.4
8.4
10.3
9.9
7.5
7.3
7.8
8.8
9.4
9.2
8.4
12.1
08.5
09.9
10.6
9.8
7.1
H-bonding
group
m
s
s
m
p
m
m
m
s
s
s
s
p
m
s
m
s
m
m
m
s
s
s
m
m
p
m
m
m
m
m
s
p
p
p
p
p
m
p
p
s
p
p
p
p
p
TABLE 7. cont'd
Solubility parameter S
Solvent
>?-Butane
1,3-Butanediol
1,4-ButanedioI
2,3-Butanediol
Butyl acetate (iso)
Az-Butyl acetate
sec-Butyl acetate
Butyl acrylate (iso)
M-Butyl acrylate
Butyl alcohol (iso) (2-methyl-1-propanol)
-Butyl alcohol (1-butanol)
sec-Butyl alcohol (2-butanol)
terf-Butyl alcohol (2-methyl-2-propanoI)
rc-Butylamine
n-Butyl bromide (1-bromobutane)
s<?c-Butyl bromide (2-bromobutane)
Butyl (iso) butyrate (normal)
Butyl (normal) butyrate (normal)
Butyl chloride (iso) (2-chloro-2-methylpropane)
Butylene-2,3 carbonate
Butylene (iso) (2-methylpropene)
Butyl ether
Butyl formate (iso)
(normal)
Butyl iodide (normal) (1-iodobutane)
Butyl lactate (normal)
Butyl methacrylate
Butyl propionate
Butyl stearate
Butyraldehyde
Butyric acid (iso) (2-methylpropionic acid)
(normal)
Butyrolactone, y
Butyronitrile (iso)
(normal)
Caprolactam, e
Caprolactone, e
Capronitrile (heptyl cyanide)
Carbon disulfide
Celanese solvent 601
Chloroacetonitrile
Chlorobenzene
Chloroethyl acetate (P)
Chloroform
Chlorostyrene {ortho or para)
Chlorotoluene {para)
Cresol (meta)
Cyclobutanedione
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexanol
Cyclohexanone
Cyclopentane
Cyclopentanone
Cymene (para) (2-isopropyl toluene)
Decahydronaphthalene (cis and trans) (Decalin)
Decane (normal)
Decyl acrylate (iso)
Diacetone alcohol (4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone)
Diacetone alcohol methyl ether (Pentoxone)
Diacetylpiperazine (N3N)
Diamyl phthalate
Dibenzyl ether
CAS number
(MPa 1/2 )
(cal/cm) l/2
106-97-8
107-88-0
110-63-4
513-85-9
540-88-5
123-86-4
105-46-4
1663-39-4
141-32-2
78-83-1
71-36-3
15892-23-6
75-65-0
109-73-9
109-65-9
78-76-2
539-90-2
109-21-7
507-20-0
4437-85-9
115-11-7
142-96-1
762-75-4
592-84-7
542-69-8
138-22-7
97-88-1
590-01-2
123-95-5
123-72-8
79-31-2
107-92-6
96-48-0
78-82-0
109-74-0
105-60-2
502-44-3
124-12-9
75-15-0
56-23-5
13.9
23.7
24.8
22.7
17.0
17.4
16.8
17.4
18.0
21.5
23.3
22.1
21.7
17.8
17.8
17.2
16.0
16.6
16.6
24.8
13.7
16.0
16.8
18.2
17.6
19.2
16.8
18.0
15.3
18.4
21.1
21.5
25.8
20.1
21.5
26.0
20.7
19.2
20.5
17.6
18.8
25.8
19.4
19.8
19.0
19.4
18.0
20.9
22.5
16.8
23.3
20.3
17.8
21.3
16.8
18.0
13.5
16.8
18.8
16.8
28.0
18.6
19.2
6.8
11.6
12.1
11.1
8.3
8.5
8.2
8.5
8.8
10.5
11.4
10.8
10.6
8.7
8.7
8.4
7.8
8.1
8.1
12.1
6.7
7.8
8.2
8.9
8.6
9.4
8.2
8.8
7.5
9.0
10.3
10.5
12.6
9.8
10.5
12.7
10.1
9.4
10.0
8.6
9.2
12.6
9.5
9.7
9.3
9.5
8.8
10.2
11.0
8.2
11.4
9.9
8.7
10.4
8.2
8.8
6.6
8.2
9.2
8.2
13.7
9.1
9.4
920-37-6
108-90-7
542-58-5
67-66-3
2039-87-4
106-43-4
108-39-4
14406-53-3
110-82-7
108-93-0
108-94-1
287-92-3
120-92-3
99-87-6
91-17-8
124-18-5
2156-96-9
123-42-2
107-70-0
18940-57-3
131-18-0
103-50-4
H-bonding
group
p
s
s
s
m
m
m
m
m
s
s
s
s
s
m
m
m
m
m
m
p
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
s
s
m
p
p
m
m
p
p
p
m
p
p
m
p
p
p
s
m
p
s
m
p
m
p
p
p
m
m
m
m
m
m
TABLE 7. cont'd
Solvent
Dibromoethane-1,2
Dibromoethylene-1,2 (cis and trans)
Dibutoxyethyl phthalate (Kronisol)
Dibutyiamine
Dibutyl fumarate
Dibutyl maleate
Dibutyl phenyl phosphate
Dibutyl phthalate
Dibutyl sebacate
Dichloroacetic acid
Dichlorobenzene (ortho)
Dichlorodifluoromethane (Freon 12)
Dichloroethyl ether
Dichloroethylene, cis-1,2
trans-1,2
Dichlorofluoromethane (Freon 21)
Dichloropropane-1,2
Dichloropropane-2,2
Diethylacetamide (N3N)
Diethylamine
Diethyl carbonate
Diethylene glycol
Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (normal)
Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether
Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate
Diethylene glycol monolaurate
Diethyl ether
Diethylformamide (N9N)
Diethyl ketone
Diethyl maleate
Diethyl oxalate
Diethyl phthalate
Diethyl-2,2-propanediol-1,2 (heptylene glycol)
Diethyl sulfone
Difluorotetrachloroethane (Freon 112)
Diformylpiperazine (NJN)
Dihexyl ether
Di-n-hexyl phthalate
Diisobutylene
Diisobutyl ketone
Diisodecyl phthalate
Diisopropyl ether
Diisopropyl ketone
Dimethylacetamide (N9N)
Dimethylaniline
Dimethyl-2,2-butanediol-l,2 (isobutylene glycol)
Dimethyl-2,2-butanediol-l,3
Dimethyl carbonate
Dimethyl ether
Dimethylformamide (N,N)
Dimethyl malonate
Dimethylnitroamine (N,N)
Dimethyl oxalate
Dimethyl phosphite
Dimethyl phthalate
Dimethyl siloxane
Dimethyl sulfide
Dimethyl sulfoxide
Dimethyltetramethylene sulfone
Dioctyl adipate
Dioctyl phthalate
Dioctyl sebacate
Dioxane-1,4
CAS number
106-93-4
540-49-8
117-83-9
111-92-2
105-75-9
105-76-0
2528-36-1
84-74-2
109-43-3
79-43-6
95-50-1
75-71-8
623-46-1
156-59-2
156-60-5
75-43-4
78-87-5
594-20-7
685-91-6
109-89-7
105-58-8
111-46-6
112-34-5
112-34-5
124-17-4
141-20-8
60-29-7
617-84-5
96-22-0
141-05-9
95-92-1
84-66-2
115-76-4
597-35-3
76-11-9
4164-39-0
112-58-3
108-83-8
107-39-1
108-83-8
26761-40-0
108-20-3
565-80-0
127-19-5
121-69-7
558-43-0
76-09-3
616-38-6
115-10-6
68-12-2
108-59-8
62-75-9
553-90-2
868-85-9
131-11-3
9016-00-6
75-18-3
67-68-5
1003-78-7
103-23-1
117-81-7
1222-62-3
123-91-1
(MPa1/2)
21.3
20.7
16.4
16.6
18.4
18.4
17.8
19.0
18.0
22.5
20.5
11.3
20.1
18.6
18.4
17.0
18.4
16.8
20.3
16.4
18.0
24.8
19.4
20.9
17.4
17.8
15.1
21.7
18.0
20.3
17.6
20.5
20.3
25.4
16.0
31.5
16.4
18.2
15.8
16.0
14.7
14.1
16.4
22.1
19.8
22.9
20.5
20.3
18.0
24.8
22.5
26.8
22.5
25.6
21.9
10.0-12.1
19.2
29.7
24.6
17.8
24.8
17.8
20.5
(cal/cm)1/2
10.4
10.1
8.0
8.1
9.0
9.0
8.7
9.3
9.2
11.0
10.0
5.5
9.8
9.1
9.0
8.3
9.0
8.2
9.9
8.0
8.8
12.1
9.5
10.2
8.5
8.7
7.4
10.6
8.8
9.9
8.6
10.0
9.9
12.4
7.8
15.4
8.0
8.9
7.7
7.8
7.2
6.9
8.0
10.8
9.7
11.2
10.0
9.9
8.8
12.1
11.0
13.1
11.0
12.5
10.7
4.9-5.9
9.4
14.5
12.0
8.7
12.1
8.7
10.0
H-bonding
group
p
p
m
s
m
m
m
m
m
s
p
p
m
p
p
p
p
p
m
s
m
s
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
s
m
p
m
m
m
p
m
m
m
m
m
m
s
s
m
m
m
m
s
m
m
m
p
p
m
m
m
m
m
m
TABLE 7. cont'd
Solvent
Dioxoiane-1,3
Dipentene
Diphenyl ether
Diphenyl 2-ethylhexyl phosphate
Dipropylene glycol
Dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether
Dipropyl phthalate
Dipropyl sulfone
Dodecane
Dodecanol-1
Epichlorohydrin
Ethane
Ethylacetamide (AO
Ethyl acetate
Ethyl acrylate
Ethyl alcohol
Ethylamine
Ethyl amyl ketone (3-octanone)
Ethylbenzene
Ethyl benzoate
Ethyl bromide (bromoethane)
Ethyl-2-butanol-l
Ethyl
fl-butyrate
Ethyl caprylate
Ethyl chloride
Ethyl cyanoacetate
Ethylene bromide
Ethylene carbonate
Ethylene chlorohydrin (2-chloroethanol)
Ethylene cyanohydrin (3-hydroxypropionitrile)
Ethylenediamine
Ethylene dichloride (1,2-dichloroethane)
Ethylene glycol
Ethylene glycol methyl ether acetate
Ethylene glycol monobenzyl ether
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether
Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (2-ethoxyethanol;
Cellusolve)
Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (2-rnethoxyethanol)
Ethylene glycol monophenyl ether
Ethylene oxide
Ethylene formamide (N)
Ethyl formate
Ethyl-2-hexanediol-l,3 (octylene glycol)
Ethylhexanol
Ethyl hexyl acrylate
Ethylidene chloride
Ethyl iodide (iodoethane)
Ethyl isobutyl ether
Ethyl isobutyrate
Ethyl lactate
Ethyl mercaptan (ethane thiol)
Ethyl methacrylate
Ethyl morpholine (AO
Ethyl orthoformate (triethyl orthoformate)
Ethyl propionate
Fluorocarbons, aliphatic
aromatic
Formamide
Formic acid
H-bonding
group
CAS number
(MPa 1Z2)
(cal/cm)l'2
646-06-0
138-86-3
101-84-8
1241-94-7
110-98-5
34590-94-8
131-16-8
598-03-8
112-40-3
112-53-8
106-89-8
74-84-0
625-50-3
141-78-6
140-88-5
64-17-5
75-04-7
106-68-3
100-41-4
93-89-0
74-96-4
97-95-0
105-54-4
106-32-1
75-00-3
105-56-6
593-60-2
96-49-1
107-07-3
109-78-4
107-15-3
107-06-2
307-21-1
111-55-7
629-14-1
110-71-4
110-49-6
622-08-2
111-76-2
110-80-5
17.6
20.5
20.9
17.4
20.7
17.6
20.5
23.1
16.2
20-21
22.5
12.3
25.2
18.6
17.6
26.0
20.5
16.8
18.0
16.8
19.6
21.5
17.4
14.9
18.8
22.5
19.8
30.1
25.0
31.1
25.2
20.1
29.9
20.5
17.0
17.6
18.8
22.3
19.4
21.5
8.6
10.0
10.2
8.5
10.1
8.6
10.0
11.3
7.9
9.8
11.0
6.0
12.3
9.1
8.6
12.7
10.0
8.2
8.8
8.2
9.6
10.5
8.5
7.3
9.2
11.0
9.7
14.7
12.2
15.2
12.3
9.8
14.6
10.0
8.3
8.6
9.2
10.9
9.5
10.5
m
m
m
p
m
m
s
m
p
s
s
p
s
m
m
s
s
m
p
m
m
s
m
m
m
m
p
m
s
s
s
p
s
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
11.4
11.5
11.1
13.9
9.4
9.4
9.5
7.8
8.9
9.4
7.5
7.9
10.0
9.2
8.3
8.9
8.3
8.4
5.5-6.2
7.5-8.2
19.2
12.1
m
m
m
s
m
s
s
m
p
m
m
m
m
p
m
s
m
m
p
p
s
s
109-86-4
122-99-6
75-21-8
109-94-4
94-96-2
104-76-7
103-11-7
75-34-3
75-03-6
627-02-1
97-62-1
687-47-8
75-08-1
97-63-2
100-74-3
122-51-0
105-37-3
75-12-7
64-18-6
23.3
23.5
22.7
28.4
19.2
19.2
19.4
16.0
18.2
19.2
15.3
16.2
20.5
18.8
17.0
18.2
17.0
17.2
11.3-12.7
15.3-16.8
39.3
24.8
TABLE 7. cont'd
Solvent
CAS number
Formylmorpholine (AO
Formylpiperidine (AO
Furan
Furfural (2-furaldehyde)
Furfuryl alcohol
Glycerol
Heptane (normal)
Heptyl alcohol (normal)
Hexane (normal)
Hexanediol-2,5
Hexene-1
Hexyl alcohol (normal)
Hydrazine
Hydrogen
Hydrogenated terphenyl (Monsanto HB-40)
Hydrogen cyanide
Iodobenzene
Isophorone
Isoprene
Lauryl alcohol
Low odor mineral spirits
Maleic anhydride
Malononitrile
Mesitylene
Mesityl oxide
Methacrylic acid
Methane
Methanol
Methoxy-4-methyl-4-pentanol-2
Methoxy-4-methyl-4-pentanone-2
Methylacetamide
Methyl acetate
Methyl acrylate
Methylamine
Methyl amyl acetate
Methyl amyl ketone
Methyl benzoate
Methyl bromide
Methyl n-butyl ketone
Methyl n-butyrate
Methyl caprolactone
Methyl chloride
Methylcyclohexane
Methylcyclohexanone
Methylene chloride
Methylene glycolate
Methylene iodide
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl ethyl sulfone
Methylformamide (AO
Methyl formate
Methyl n-hexyl ketone
Methyl iodide
Methyl isobutyrate
Methyl isovalerate
Methyl methacrylate
Methyl nonyl ketone
Methyl-2-pentanediol-l,3
4394-85-8
2591-86-8
110-00-9
98-01-1
98-00-0
56-81-5
142-82-5
111-70-6
680-31-9
110-54-3
2935-44-6
592-41-6
111-27-3
302-10-2
1333-74-0
74-90-8
591-50-4
78-59-1
78-79-5
112-53-8
108-31-6
109-77-3
108-67-8
141-79-7
79-41-4
74-82-8
67-56-1
107-70-0
79-16-3
79-20-9
96-33-3
74-89-5
108-84-9
110-43-0
95-58-3
74-83-9
591-78-6
623-42-7
74-87-3
10120-28-2
589-92-4
75-09-2
61192-32-3
75-11-6
78-93-3
594-43-4
123-39-7
107-31-3
111-13-7
74-88-4
110-12-3
108-11-2
108-10-1
547-63-7
563-80-4
624-24-8
80-62-6
112-12-9
149-31-5
MPa 1/2
(cal/cm) 1/2
26.6
23.5
19.2
22.9
25.6
33.8
15.1
21.7
21.5
14.9
21.2
15.1
21.9
37.3
6.9
18.4
24.8
20.7
18.6
15.1
16.6
14.1
27.8
30.9
18.0
18.4
22.9
11.0
29.7
17.4
17.0
29.9
19.6
18.2
22.9
16.4
17.4
21.5
19.6
17.0
18.2
18.2
19.8
16.0
19.0
19.8
25.4
24.1
19.0
27.4
32.9
20.9
17.0
20.9
17.2
20.5
17.2
17.0
17.4
16.2
18.0
16.0
21.1
13.0
11.5
9.4
11.2
12.5
16.5
7.4
10.6
10.5
7.3
10.3
7.4
10.7
18.1
3.0
9.0
12.1
10.1
9.1
7.4
8.1
6.9
13.6
15.1
8.8
9.0
11.2
5.4
14.5
8.5
8.3
14.6
9.6
8.9
11.2
8.0
8.5
10.5
9.6
8.3
8.9
8.9
9.7
7.8
9.3
9.7
12.4
11.8
9.3
13.4
16.1
10.2
8.3
10.2
8.4
10.0
8.4
8.3
8.5
7.9
8.8
7.8
10.3
H-Bonding
Group
m
m
m
m
s
s
p
s
s
p
s
p
s
s
p
p
s
p
m
p
s
p
s
p
p
rn
s
p
s
s
m
s
m
m
s
m
m
rn
m
m
m
m
m
p
m
p
m
p
m
m
s
m
m
m
m
s
m
m
m
m
m
m
s
TABLE 7. cont'd
Solvent
Methyl-2-pentanediol-2,4
Methyl-2-pentanediol monoethyl ether (Pentoxol)
Methyl propionate
Methyl propyl sulfone
Methyl pyrrolidone-2 (l-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone)
Methyl salicylate
Methyl styrene (a)
Methyltetramethylene sulfone
Methyl n-valerate
Morpholine
Naphthalene
Neopentane
Neopentyl glycol
Nitrobenzene
Nitroethane
Nitromethane
Nitro--octane
Nitro-1-propane
Nitro-2-propane
Nonyl phenol
Octane (normal)
Octyl alcohol (normal)
Pentachloroethane
Pentane (normal)
Pentanediol-1,5
Pentanediol-2,4
Perchloroethylene
Perfluoroheptane
Perfluoromethylcyclohexane
Phenanthrene
Phenylhydrazine
Pine oil
Piperidine
Piperidone
Propane
Propiolactone
Propionic acid
Propionic anhydride
Propionitrile
Propyl acetate (iso)
Propyl acetate (normal)
Propyl alcohol (2-propanol)
Propylbenzene (normal)
Propyl bromide (l~bromopropane)
Propyl butyrate
Propyl butyrate (iso)
Propyl chloride (2-chloropropane)
Propylene-l,2-carbonate
Propylene glycol (1,2-propanediol)
Propylene glycol methyl ether (1,2-dimethoxypropane)
Propylene oxide
Propyl ether (di-, normal)
Propyl ether (iso)
Propyl formate
Propyl propionate
Pyridine
Pyrone(y)
Pyrrolidine (a)
Quinoline
Santicizer 8
CAS number
107-41-5
554-12-1
107-87-9
1977-37-3
872-50-4
119-36-8
98-83-9
624-24-8
110-91-8
91-20-3
463-82-1
126-30-7
98-95-3
79-24-3
75-52-5
108-03-2
79-46-9
25154-52-3
111-65-9
111-87-5
76-01-7
109-66-0
111-29-5
625-69-4
127-18-4
335-57-9
355-02-2
85-01-8
100-63-0
110-89-4
675-20-7
74-98-6
57-57-8
79-09-4
123-62-6
107-12-0
108-21-4
109-60-4
67-63-0
71-23-8
103-65-1
106-94-5
105-66-8
638-11-9
75-29-6
540-54-5
108-32-7
57-55-6
7778-85-0
75-56-9
111-43-3
108-20-3
110-74-7
106-36-5
110-86-1
504-31-4
123-75-1
00-02-2
(MPa1/2)
(cal/cm)1/2
19.8
17.4
18.2
17.8
25.6
23.1
21.7
17.4
26.4
16.2
22.1
20.3
12.9
22.5
20.5
22.7
26.0
14.3
21.1
20.3
19.2
15.6
21.1
19.2
14.3
23.5
22.1
19.0
11.9
12.3
20.1
25.6
17.6
17.8
27.8
13.1
27.2
20.3
20.5
22.1
17.2
18.0
23.5
24.3
17.6
18.2
17.2
16.2
16.6
17.4
27.2
25.8
20.7
18.8
16.0
14.5
18.8
17.4
21.9
27.4
30.1
22.1
24.3
9.7
8.5
8.9
8.7
12.5
11.3
10.6
8.5
12.9
7.9
10.8
9.9
6.3
11.0
10.0
11.1
12.7
7.0
10.3
9.9
9.4
7.6
10.3
9.4
7.0
11.5
10.8
9.3
5.8
6.0
9.8
12.5
8.6
8.7
13.6
6.4
13.3
9.9
10.0
10.8
8.4
8.8
11.5
11.9
8.6
8.9
8.4
7.9
8.1
8.5
13.3
12.6
10.1
9.2
7.8
7.1
9.2
8.5
10.7
13.4
14.7
10.8
11.9
H-bonding
group
s
m
m
m
m
m
m
p
m
m
s
p
p
s
p
p
p
p
P
p
s
p
s
p
p
s
s
p
p
p
p
s
p
p
s
p
m
s
s
p
m
m
s
s
p
m
m
m
m
m
m
s
m
m
m
m
m
m
s
m
s
s
m
TABLE 7. cont'd
Solvent
CAS number
Shell Sol 72
Shell TS28 solvent
Silicon tetrachloride
Socal solvent No. 1
Socal solvent No. 2
Socal solvent No. 3
Solvesso 100
Solvesso 150
Styrene
Styrene oxide
Succinic anhydride
Terpene B
Tetrachloroethane-1,1,2,2
Tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene)
Tetraethylene glycol
Tetrahydrofuran
Tetrahydronaphthalene (tetralin)
Tetramethylene sulfone (sulfolane, tetrahydrothiophene
1,1-dioxide)
Tetramethyloxamide
Thiophene
Toluene
Tolylene diisocyanate (4-methy 1-1,3-phenylene diisocyanate)
Tributylamine
Trichloroethane-1,1,2
Trichloroethylene
Trichlorofiuoromethane
Trichlorotrifiuoroethane (1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane)
Tricresyl phosphate (tritolyl phosphate)
Triethylamine
Triethylene glycol
Triethylenetetramine
Trimethyl-3,5,5-hexanol (nonyl alcohol)
Triphenyl phosphate
Triphenyl phosphite
Tripropylene glycol
Tripropylene glycol methyl ether
Turpentine
Valeric acid (normal)
Valeronitrile (normal)
Varnolene (Varsol #2)
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl toluene
V M & P naphtha
Water
Xylene (p-xylene)
100-42-5
96-09-3
108-30-5
79-34-5
127-18-4
112-60-7
109-99-9
119-64-2
126-33-0
110-02-1
108-88-3
584-84-9
102-82-9
79-00-5
79-01-6
75-69-4
76-13-1
1330-78-5
121-44-8
112-27-6
112-24-3
3452-97-9
115-86-6
101-02-0
24800-44-0
20324-33-8
8006-64-2
109-52-4
110-59-8
108-05-4
75-01-4
622-97-9
7732-18-5
106-42-3
TABLE 8. SOLUBILITY PARAMETERS OF SOLVENTS IN

INCREASING ORDER OF 8
Solvent
_____
d (MPa1^2)
Hydrogen
Dimethyl siloxane
Methane
Dichlorodifluoromethane (Freon 12)
Fluorocarbons, aliphatic
Perfluoroheptane
Ethane
Neopentane
6.9
10.0-12.1
1L0
11.3
11.3-12.7
11.9
12.3
12.3
12.9
H-bonding
group
(MPa1/2)
(ca!/cm)1/2
14.7
15.1
15.1
16.6
16.2
15.8
17.6
17.4
19.0
21.5
31.5
17.2
19.8
19.0
20.3
18.6
19.4
27.4
7.2
7.4
7.4
8.1
7.9
7.7
8.6
8.5
9.3
10.5
15.4
8.4
9.7
9.3
9.9
9.1
9.5
13.4
p
p
p
p
p
p
p
p
p
m
s
p
p
p
s
m
p
m
23.3
20.1
18.2
23.7
15.8
19.6
18.8
15.5
14.9
17.2
15.1
21.9
22.7
17.2
17.6
19.0
18.8
17.8
16.6
20.1
19.6
15.6
18.4
16.0
18.6
15.6
47.9
18.0
11.4
9.8
8.9
11.6
7.7
9.6
9.2
7.6
7.3
8.4
7.4
10.7
11.1
8.4
8.6
9.3
9.2
8.7
8.1
9.8
9.6
7.6
9.0
7.8
9.1
7.6
23.4
8.8
m
m
p
s
s
p
p
p
p
m
s
s
s
s
m
m
s
m
p
s
p
p
m
m
p
p
s
p
TABLE 8. cont'd
Solvent
Propane
Decane (normal)
Butylene (iso) (2-methylpropene)
w-Butane
Diisopropyl ether
Low odor mineral spirits
Nitro-;?-octane
Pentane (normal)
1,3-Butadiene
S(MPa 1/2 )
13.1
13.5
13.7
13.9
14.1
14.1
14.1
14.3
14.3
14.5
TABLE 8. cont'd
Solvent
Propyl ether (iso)
Diisodecyl phthalate
Shell Sol 72
Apco #140 solvent
Ethyl caprylate
Hexane (normal)
Trichlorotrifluoroethane (1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane)
Diethyl ether
Heptane (normal)
Hexene-1
Isoprene
Shell TS28 solvent
Silicon tetrachloride
Triethylamine
Apco #18 solvent
Butyl stearate
Ethyl isobutyl ether
Fluorocarbons (aromatic)
Trichlorofluoromethane
Octane (normal)
Varnolene (varsol #2)
V M & P naphtha
Diisobutylene
Socal solvent No. 3
Tributylamine
Amyl acetate (iso)
Apco thinner
Butyl (iso) butyrate (normal)
Butyl ether
Difluorotetrachioroethane (Freon 112)
Diisobutyl ketone
Ethyl hexyl aery late
Methylcyclohexane
Methyl nonyl ketone
Propyl ether (di-, normal)
Vinyl chloride
Dodecane
Ethyl isobutyrate
Methyl isovalerate
Methyl n-valerate
Propyl butyrate (iso)
Socal solvent No. 2
Amyl formate (iso)
Dibutoxyethyl phthalate (Kronisol)
Diethylamine
Dihexyl ether
Diisopropyl ketone
Methyl amyl acetate
Butyl (normal) butyrate (normal)
Butyl chloride (iso) (2-chloro-2-methylpropane)
Dibutylamine
Lauryl alcohol
Socal solvent No. 1
Turpentine
sec-Butyl acetate
Butyl formate (iso)
Butyl methacrylate
Cyclohexane
Cymene {para) (2-isopropyl toluene)
Decyl acrylate (iso)
Diacetone alcohol methyl ether (Pentoxone)
Dichloropropane-2,2
TABLE 8. cont'd
2
<5(MPa*/ )
14.5
14.7
14.7
14.9
14.9
14.9
14.9
14.9
15.1
15.1
15.1
15.1
15.1
15.1
15.1
15.3
15.3
15.3
15.3-16.8
15.5
15.6
15.6
15.6
15.6
15.8
15.8
15.8
16.0
16.0
16.0
16,0
16.0
16.0
16.0
16.0
16.0
16.0
16.0
16.2
16.2
16.2
16.2
16.2
16.2
16.4
16.4
16.4
16.4
16.4
16.4
16.6
16.6
16.6
16.6
16.6
16.6
16.6
16.8
16.8
16.8
16.8
16.8
16.8
16.8
16.8
,5(MPa1/2)
Solvent
Ethyl amyl ketone (3-octanone)
Ethyl benzoate
Ethyl benzoate (secondary)
Butyl acetate (iso)
Dichlorofluoromethane (Freon 21)
Ethyl methacrylate
Ethyl orthoformate (triethyl orthoformate)
Methoxy-4-methyl-4-pentanone-2
Methyl -butyl ketone
Methyl rc-hexyl ketone
Methyl isobutyrate
Amylformates (normal)
Methyl isobutyrate (normal)
Anethole (para)
Benzonitrile
sec-Butyl bromide (2-bromobutane)
Ethyl propionate
Propyl acetate (iso)
Propyl butyrate
Terpene B
Trimethyl-3,5,5-hexanol (nonyl alcohol)
Trimethyl-3,5,5-hexanol (normal)
Bicyclohexyl
n-Butyl acetate
Butyl acrylate (iso)
Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate
Diphenyl 2-ethylhexyl phosphate
Ethyl n-butyrate
Methoxy-4-methyl-4-pentanol-2
Methyl amyl ketone
Methyl-2-pentanediol monoethyl ether (Pentoxol)
Methyl styrene (a)
Propyl propionate
Solvesso 150
Butyl iodide (normal) (1-iodobutane)
Diethyl oxalate
Dioxolane-1,3
Dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether
Ethyl acrylate
Pine oil
Propylbenzene (normal)
Solvesso 100
Triphenyl phosphate
Amylamine (normal)
-Butylamine
n-Butyl bromide (1-bromobutane)
Cyclopentane
Dibutyl phenyl phosphate
Diethylene glycol monolaurate
Dioctyl adipate
Dioctyl sebacate
Piperidine
Tripropylene glycol methyl ether
Aroclor 1248
16.8
16.8
17.0
17.0
17.0
17.0
17.0
17.0
17.0
17.0
17.0
17.0
17.0
17.2
17.2
17.2
17.2
17.2
17.2
17.2
17.2
17.2
17.2
17.2
17.2
17.2
17.2
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.6
17.6
17.6
17.6
17.6
17.6
17.6
17.6
17.6
17.6
17.6
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.8
18.0
TABLE 8.
TABLE 8. cont'd
cont'd
Solvent
AUyI chloride
rc-Butyl acrylate
Butyl propionate
Chlorotoluene (para)
Decahydronaphthalene (cis and trans) (decalin)
Dibutyl sebacate
Diethyl carbonate
Diethyl ketone
Dimethyl ether
Ethylbenzene
Mesitylene
Methyl methacrylate
Propyl acetate (normal)
Xylene (p-xylene)
Butyl formate(normal)
Di-/i-hexyl phthalate
Ethylidene chloride
Ethyl morpholine (normal)
Methyl acrylate
Methyl n-butyrate
Methyl caprolactone
Methyl propionate
Propyl bromide (1-bromopropane)
Toluene
Butyraldehyde
Dibutyl fumarate
Dibutyl maleate
Dichloroethylene trans-1,2
Dichloropropane-1,2
Hydrogenated terphenyl (Monsanto HB-40)
Mesityl oxide
Vinyl acetate
Diamyl phthalate
Dichloroethylene, as-1,2
Ethyl acetate
Isophorone
Tetrahydrofuran
Vinyl toluene
Allyl acetate
Benzene
Celanese solvent 601
Diacetone alcohol (4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone)
Ethyl chloride
Ethylene glycol methyl ether acetate
Ethyl mercaptan (ethane thiol)
Propylene oxide
Propyl formate
Trichloroethylene
Tripropylene glycol
Chloroform
Dibutyl phthalate
Methylcyclohexanone
Methyl ethyl ketone
Perchloroethylene
Styrene
Tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene)
Triphenyl phosphite
Benzaldehyde
Butyl lactate (normal)
Capronitrile (heptyl cyanide)
Dibenzyl ether
Dimethyl sulfide
Ethyl formate
Ethyl-2-hexanediol-l,3 (octylene glycol)
Ethyl iodide (iodoethane)
1 2
5 (MPa / )
18.0
18.0
18.0
18.0
18.0
18.0
18.0
18.0
18.0
18.0
18.0
18.0
18.0
18.0
18.2
18.2
18.2
18.2
18.2
18.2
18.2
18.2
18.2
18.2
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.6
18.6
18.6
18.6
18.6
18.6
18.8
18.8
18.8
18.8
18.8
18.8
18.8
18.8
18.8
18.8
18.8
19.0
19.0
19.0
19.0
19.0
19.0
19.0
19.0
19.2
19.2
19.2
19.2
19.2
19.2
19.2
19.2
Solvent
Furan
Nonyl phenol
Pentachloroethane
Acetyl chloride
Chlorobenzene
Chlorostyrene (ortho or para)
Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (normal)
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether
Ethylhexanol
Tetrahydronaphthalene (tetralin)
Ethyl bromide (bromoethane)
Methyl acetate
Methyl bromide
Trichloroethane-1,1,2
Valeronitrile (normal)
Chloroethyl acetate (P)
Dimethylaniline
Ethylene bromide
Methyl chloride
Methylene chloride
Tetrachloroethane-1,1,2,2
Dodecanol-1
Acrolein
Bromostyrene {ortho)
Butyronitrile (iso)
Dichloroethyl ether
Ethylene dichloride (1,2-dichloroethane)
Phenanthrene
Thiophene
Valeric acid (normal)
Acetone
Anthracene
Bromobenzene
Cyclohexanone
Diethylacetamide (N1N)
Diethyl maleate
Diethyl-2,2-propanediol-l,2 (heptylene glycol)
Dimethyl carbonate
Naphthalene
Nitro-2-propane
Propionic acid
Tetraethylene glycol
Amyl alcohol
Carbon disulfide
Dichlorobenzene (ortho)
Diethyl phthalate
Dimethyl-2,2-butanediol-1,3
Dioxane-1,4
Dipentene
Dipropyl phthalate
Ethylamine
Ethyl lactate
Nitrobenzene
Propionic anhydride
Acetic acid
Caprolactone (s)
Dibromoethylene-1,2 (cis and trans)
Dipropylene glycol
Iodobenzene
Propylene glycol methyl ether (1,2-dimethoxypropane)
Cresol (meta)
Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether
S (MPa1/*)
19.2
19.2
19.2
19.4
19.4
19.4
19.4
19.4
19.4
19.4
19.6
19.6
19.6
19.6
19.6
19.8
19.8
19.8
19.8
19.8
19.8
19.8
20-21
20.1
20.1
20.1
20.1
20.1
20.1
20.1
20.1
20.3
20.3
20.3
20.3
20.3
20.3
20.3
20.3
20.3
20.3
20.3
20.3
20.5
20.5
20.5
20.5
20.5
20.5
20.5
20.5
20.5
20.5
20.5
20.5
20.5
20.5
20.7
20.7
20.7
20.7
20.7
20.7
20.9
20.9
TABLE 8. cont'd
Solvent
Diphenyl ether
Methyl formate
Methyl iodide
Acetaldehyde
Acetic anhydride
Aniline
Butyric acid (iso) (2-methylpropionic acid)
Nitro-1 -propane
Octyl alcohol (normal)
Hexanediol-2,5
Cy clopentanone
Dibromoethane-1,2
Acrylonitrile
Butyl alcohol (iso) (2-methyl-1-propanol)
Butyric acid (normal)
Butyronitrile (normal)
Ethyl-2-butanol-l
Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (2-ethoxyethanol;
Cellusolve)
Methyl benzoate
Styrene oxide
Acetophenone
1 -Bromonaphthalene
terf-Butyl alcohol (2-methyl-2-propanol)
Diethylformamide (N,N)
Heptyl alcohol (normal)
Methyl salicylate
Dimethyl phthalate
Hexyl alcohol (normal)
Pyridine
Triethylene glycol
s<?c-Butyl alcohol (2-butanol)
Dimethylacetamide (MAO
Morpholine
Pentanediol-2,4
Propionitrile
Quinoline
Quinoline (normal)
Ethylene glycol monobenzyl ether
Cyclobutanedione
Dichloroacetic acid
Dimethyl malonate
Dimethyl oxalate
Epichlorohydrin
Ethyl cyanoacetate
Neopentyl glycol
2,3-Butanediol
Ethylene oxide
Nitroethane
Triethylenetetramine
Dimethyl-2,2-butanediol-l,2 (isobutylene glycol)
Furfural (2-furaldehyde)
Methacrylic acid
Methylamine
Dipropyl sulfone
Methyl pyrrolidone-2 (l-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone)
Acetylpyrrolidine (N)
rc-Butyl alcohol (1-butanol)
Cyclohexanol
Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (2-methoxyethanol)
Tetramethyloxamide
Ethylene glycol monophenyl ether
Formylpiperidine (normal)
TABLE 8. cont'd
1 2
5(MPa / )
20.9
20.9
20.9
21.1
21.1
21.1
21.1
21.1
21.1
21.1
21.2
21.3
21.3
21.5
21.5
21.5
21.5
21.5
21.5
21.5
21.5
21.5
21.7
21.7
21.7
21.7
21.7
21.7
21.9
21.9
21.9
21.9
22.1
22.1
22.1
22.1
22.1
22.1
22.3
22.3
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.7
22.7
22.7
22.7
22.9
22.9
22.9
22.9
22.9
23.1
23.1
23.3
23.3
23.3
23.3
23.3
23.5
23.5
Solvent
d (MPa1/2)
Pentanediol-1,5
Acetylmorpholine (N)
1,3-Butanediol
Tolylene diisocyanate (4-methyl-l,3-phenylene diisocyanate)
AHyI alcohol
Methylene iodide
Acetonitrile
Santicizer 8
Acrylic acid
Dimethyltetramethylene sulfone
Benzyl alcohol
1,4-Butanediol
Butylene-2,3 carbonate
Diethylene glycol
Dimethylformamide (Af5AO
Dioctyl phthalate
Formic acid
Hydrogen cyanide
Ethylene chlorohydrin (2-chloroethanol)
Ethylacetamide (normal)
Ethylenediamine
Diethyl sulfone
Methylene glycolate
Dimethyl phosphite
Furfuryl alcohol
Methyl propyl sulfone
Phenylhydrazine
Butyrolactone (y)
Chloroacetonitrile
Caprolactam (e)
Ethyl alcohol
Nitromethane
Methyltetramethylene sulfone
Formylmorpholine (N)
Dimethylnitroamine (N1N)
Propiolactone
Propylene-1,2-carbonate
Methyl ethyl sulfone
Pyrone (y)
Tetramethylene sulfone (sulfolane, tetrahydrothiophene
1,1-dioxide)
Maleic anhydride
Piperidone
Diacetylpiperazine (N,N)
Ethylene formamide (N)
Dimethyl sulfoxide
Methanol
Ethylene glycol
Methylacetamide
Ethylene carbonate
Pyrrolidine (a)
Malononitrile
Ethylene cyanohydrin (3-hydroxypropionitriIe)
Diformylpiperazine (AW)
Succinic anhydride
Methylformamide (AO
Ammonia
Glycerol
Hydrazine
Formamide
Water
23.5
23.5
23.7
23.7
23.7
24.1
24.1
24.3
24.3
24.3
24.6
24.6
24.8
24.8
24.8
24.8
24.8
24.8
24.8
24.8
25.0
25.2
25.2
25.4
25.4
25.6
25.6
25.6
25.6
25.8
25.8
25.8
26.0
26.0
26.0
26.4
26.6
26.8
27.2
27.2
27.4
21A
27.4
27.8
27.8
28.0
28.4
29.7
29.7
29.9
29.9
30.1
30.1
30.9
31.1
31.5
31.5
32.9
33.4
33.8
37.3
39.3
47.9
TABLE 9. HANSEN SOLUBILITY PARAMETERS OF LIQUIDS AT 25C

Solubility parameters (MPa 1/2 )
Solvent
CAS
Number
Molar volume
(cm3/mol)
S^
^P
^h
9.1. PARAFFINIC HYDROCARBONS

n-Butane
n-Pentane
Pentane(iso)
rt-Hexane
M-Heptane
rc-Octane
rc-Nonane
rc-Decane
rc-Dodecane
n-Hexadecane
n-Eicosane
Cyclohexane
Methylcyclohexane
rrans-Decahydronaphthalene
106-97-8
109-66-0
78-78-4
110-54-3
142-82-5
111-65-9
540-84-1
111-84-2
124-18-5
112-40-3
544-76-3
112-95-8
110-82-7
108-87-2
493-01-6
493-02-7
101.4
116.2
117.4
147.4
147.4
163.5
166.1
179.7
195.9
228.6
294.1
359.8
108.7
128.3
156.9
159.9
14.1
14.5
13.7
14.9
15.3
15.6
14.3
15.8
15.8
16
16.4
16.6
16.8
16
18.8
18.8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.2
1
0
0
14.1
14.5
13.7
14.9
15.3
15.6
14.3
15.8
15.8
16
16.4
16.6
16.8
16
18.8
18.8
9.2. AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS

Benzene
Toluene
Naphthalene'7
Styrene
o-Xylene
Ethylbenzene
1-Methylnaphthalene
Mesitylene
Biphenyl
/7-Diethylbenzene
71-43-2
108-88-3
91-20-3
1-42-5
95-47-6
1-41-4
90-12-0
108-67-8
119-64-2
92-52-4
105-05-5
89.4
106.8
111.5
115.6
121.2
123.1
138.8
139.8
136.0
154.1
156.9
18.4
18
19
18.6
17.8
17.8
20.6
18
19.6
21.5
18
0"
1.4
2
1
1
0.6
0.8
0
0
1
0
2
2
5.9
4.1
3.1
1.4
4.7
0.6
2.9
2
0.6
18.6
18.2
20
19
18
17.8
21.2
18
20
21.7
18
9.3. HALOHYDROCARBONS
Methyl chloride
Methylene dichloride
Bromochloromethane
Chlorodifluoromethane
Dichlorofluoromethane
Ethyl bromide
1,1-Dichloroethylene
Ethylene dichloride
Methylene diiodidec
Chloroform
1,1-Dichloroethane
Ethylene dibromide
Bromoform
rc-Propyl chloride
Trichloroethylene
Dichlorodifluoromethane
Trichiorofluoromethane
Bromotrifluoromethane
Tetrachloroethylene
Chlorobenzene
rt-Butylchloride
Bromobenzene
o-Dichlorobenzene
Benzyl chloride
l,l,2,2-Tetrabromoethanec
1,2-Dichlorotetrafluoroethaner
1,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane
Cyclohexyl chloride
74-87-3
75-09-2
74-97-5
75-45-6
75-43-4
74-96-4
75-35-4
107-06-2
75-11-6
67-66-3
75-34-3
106-93-4
75-25-2
540-54-5
79-01-6
75-71-8
75-69-4
75-63-8
56-23-5
71-55-6
127-18-4
108-90-7
109-69-3
79-34-5
222-22-2
95-50-1
100-44-7
79-27-6
76-14-2
76-13-1
542-18-7
55.4
63.9
65
72.9
75.4
76.9
79
79.4
80.5
80.7
84.8
87
87.5
88.1
90.2
92.3
92.8
97
97.1
1.4
101.1
102.1
104.9
105.2"
105.3
112.8
115
116.8
117
119.2
121.3
15.3
18.2
17.4
12.3
15.8
16.6
17
19.0
17.8
17.8
16.6
19.6
21.5"
16
18
12.3
15.3
9.6
17.8
17
19
19
16.4
18.8
20.5
19.2
18.8
22.7
12.7
14.7
17.4
6.1
6.3
5.7
6.3
3
8
6.8
7.4
3.9
3.1
8.2
6.8
4.1
7.8
3.1
2
2
2.5
0
4.3
6.5"
4.3
5.5
5.1
5.5
6.3
7.2
5.1
1.8
1.6
5.5
3.9
6.1
3.5
5.7
5.7
5.1
4.5
4.1
5.5
5.7
0.4
12.1
6.1
2
5.3
0
0
0
0.6
2
2.9"
2
2
9.4
4.1
3.3
2.7
8.2
0
0
2
17
20.3
18.6
14.9
17
19
18.8
20.9
19
19
18.4
23.9
22.7
17.8
19
12.5
15.5
10
17.8
17.6
20.3
19.6
17.4
21.7
21.7
20.5
20.3
24.8
12.9
14.7
18.4
TABLE 9. cont'd
Solvent
CAS
Number
1-Bromonaphthaiene
Trichlorobiphenylf/
Perfluorodimethylcyclohexane
Perfluoro-/7-heptane
9.4. ETHERS
Furan
Epichlorohydrin
Tetrahydrofuran
1,4-Dioxane
Methylal (dimethoxymethane)
Diethyl ether
Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether
Anisolec
Bis-(2-methoxyethyl) ether
Dibenzyl etherc
Di-(chloro-iso-propyl) ether
Bis-(m-phenoxyphenyl) ether
9.5. KETONES
Acetone
Methyl ethyl ketone (2-butanone)
Cyclohexanone
Diethyl ketone (3-pentanone)
Mestiyl oxide (4-methyl-3-pentene-2-one)
Acetophenone
Methyl iso-butyl ketone (2-hexanone)
Methyl iso-amyl ketone
Isophorone
Di-iso-butyl ketone (2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanone)
9.6. ALDEHYDES
Acetaldehyde
2-Furfuraldehyde (furfural)
Butyraldehyde
Benzaldehyde
Molar volume
(cm3/mol)
#d
^P
^h
90-11-9
7012-37-5
355-02-2
335-27-3
335-57-9
140
187
196
217.4
227.3
20.3
19.2
12.5
12.5
12.1
3.1
5.3
0
0
0
4.1
4.1
0
0
0
20.9
20.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
110-00-9
106-89-8
109-99-9
123-91-1
109-87-5
60-29-7
107-30-2
100-66-3
111-96-6
103-50-4
108-60-1
748-30-1
72.5
79.9
81.7
85.7
88.8
104.8
117.6
119.1
142
192.7
146
373
17.8
19
16.8
19
15.1
14.5
18.8
17.8
15.8
17.4
19
19.6
1.8
10.2
5.7
1.8
1.8
2.9
9
4.1
6.1
3.7
8.2
3.1
5.3
3.7
8
7.4
8.6
5.1
5.7
6.8
9.2
7.4
5.1
5.1
18.6
21.9
19.4
20.5
17.6
15.8
21.7
19.4
19.2
19.2
21.3
20.5
67-64-1
78-93-3
108-94-1
96-22-0
141-79-7
98-86-2
591-78-6
78-59-1
108-83-8
74
90.1
104
106.4
115.6
117.4
125.8
142.8
150.5
177.1
15.5
16
17.8
15.8
16.4
19.6
15.3
16
16.6
16
10.4
9
6.3
7.6
7.2
8.6
6.1
5.7
8.2
3.7
7
5.1
5.1
4.7
6.1
3.7
4.1
4.1
7.4
4.1
20.1
19
19.6
18.2
18.8
21.7
17
17.4
19.8
16.8
75-07-0
98-01-1
123-72-8
100-52-7
57.1
83.2
88.5
101.5
14.7
18.6
14.7
19.4
8
14.9
5.3
7.4
11.3
5.1
7
5.3
20.3
24.3
17.2
21.5
66
76.8
79.7
80.2
85
19.4
19
15.5
15.5
20.1
21.7
16.6
7.2
8.4
18
5.1
7.4
7.6
8.4
4.1
29.5
26.2
18.8
19.6
27.2
95.6
98.5
99.9
121
131.5
132.5
133.5
136.2
148.8
163
163
166.8
171
198
266
306
613
345
15.5
15.8"
16.8
16.6
15.8
15.8
15.1
16
15.3
15.1
18.6"
18.4
16.8
17.6
17.8
19
19
16.4
10
5.3
16
3.1
14.7
3.7
3.7
4.7
3.1
2.9
10.8*
8.2
11.5
9.6
8.6
11.3
12.3
6.3
6.8
7.2*
10.2
6.1
7.2
6.3
6.3
10.6
7
5.9
4.9
4.1
9.2
4.5
4.1
3.1
4.5
4.3
19.6
18.2
25.4
18
22.7
17.4
16.8
19.6
17.2
16.6
22.1
20.5
22.3
20.5
20.3
22.3
23.1
18
9.7. ESTERS
Ethylene carbonate (l,3-dioxolan-2-one)
96-41-9
y-Butyroiactone (4-hydroxybutryic acid 7-lactone)
96-48-0
Methyl acetate
79-20-9
Ethyl formate
109-94-4
Propylene carbonate (1,2-propanediol cyclic
108-32-7
carbonate)
Ethyl chloroformate
541-41-3
Ethyl acetate
141-78-6
Trimethyl phosphate
512-56-1
Diethyl carbonate
105-58-8
Diethyl sulfate
64-67-5
n-Butyl acetate
123-86-4
Iso-butyl acetate
540-88-5
2-Ethoxyethyl acetate (Cellusolve acetate)
111-15-9
Iso-amyl acetate
628-63-7
Iso-butyl iso-butyrate
109-21-7
Dimethyl phthalate
131-11-3
Ethyl frans-cinnamate
103-36-6
Triethyl phosphate
78-40-0
Diethyl phthalate
84-66-2
Di-rc-butyl phthalate
84-74-2
n-Butyl benzyl phthalate
85-68-7
1330-78-5
Tri-n-butyl phosphate
126-73-8
TABLE 9. cont'd
Solvent
Iso-propyl palmitate c
Di-n-butyl sebacate
Methyl oleaterf
Dioctyl phthalate (bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate)
Di-butyl stearatec
CAS
Number
2239-78-3
109-43-3
112-62-9
117 81-7
9.8. NITROGEN-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS

Acetonitrile
75-05-8
Acrylonitrile
107-13-1
Propionitrile
107-12-0
Butyronitrile
109-74-0
Benzonitrile
100-47-0
Nitromethane
75-52-5
Nitroethane
79-24-3
2-Nitropropane
79-46-9
Nitrobenzene
98-95-3
Ethanolamine (2-aminoethanol)
141-43-5
Ethylene diamine
107-15-3
l,l-Dimethylhydrazine c
57-14-7
2-Pyrrolidone (2-pyrrolidinone)
616-45-5
Pyridine
110-86-1
rc-Propylamine
107-10-8
Morpholine
110-91-8
Aniline
62-53-3
Af-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (1 -methyl872-50-4
2-pyrrolidinone)
n-Butylamine
109-73-9
Diethylamine
109-87-7
Diethylenetriamine
111-40-0
Cyclohexylamine
108-91-8
Quinoline
91-22-5
Di-rc-propylamine
142-84-7
Formamide
75-12-7
Dimethylformamide
68-12-2
MN-Dimethylacetamide
127-19-5
1,1,3,3-Tetramethylurea
632-22-4
Hexamethyl phosporamidec (hexamethyl
680-31-9
phosphoric triamide)
Molar volume
(cm 3 /mol)
8d
S9
5h
330
339
340
377
382
14.3
14.5
14.5
16.6
14.5
3.9
3.9
3.9
7
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.1
3.5
15.3
15.5
15.5
18.2
15.3
52.6
67.1
70.9
87
102.6
54.3
71.5
86.9
102.7
60.2
67.3
76
76.4
80.9
83
87.1
91.5
96.5
15.3
16.5
15.3
15.3
17.4
15.8
16
16.2
20.1
17.2
16.6
15.3
19.4
19
17
18.8
19.4
18
18
17.4
14.3
12.5
9
18.8
15.5
12.1
8.6
15.5
8.8
5.9
17.4
8.8
4.9
4.9
5.1
12.3
6.1
6.8
5.5
5.1
3.3
5.1
4.5
4.1
4.1
21.3
17
11
11.3
5.9
8.6
9.2
10.2
7.2
24.6
24.8
21.7
20.5
19.8
25
22.7
20.7
22.1
31.5
25.4
19.8
28.4
21.7
19.6
21.5
22.5
22.9
99
103.2
108
115.2
118
136.9
39.8
77
92.5
120.4
175.7
16.2
14.9
16.8
17.4
19.4
15.3
17.2
17.4
16.8
16.8
18.4
4.5*
2.3
13.3
3.1
7
1.4
26.2
13.7
11.5
8.2
8.6
8
6.1
14.3
6.5
7.6
4.1
19
11.3
10.2
11
11.3
18.6
16.4
25.8
18.8
22.1
16
36.6
24.8
22.7
21/7
23.3
20.5
18.4
15.8
19
17
0
16.4
6.5
19.4
3.1
0.6
10.2
7.2
12.3
2
20.5
26 6
18.4
29 9
17.4
9.9. SULFUR-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS

Carbon disulfide
Dimethyl sulfoxide (methyl sulfoxide)
Ethanethiolc (ethyl mercaptan)
Dimethyl sulfoneb (methyl sulfone)
Diethyl sulfide (ethyl sulflde)
75-15-0
67-68-5
75-08-1
67-71-0
352-93-2
60
71.3
74.3
75
108.2
9.10. ACID HALIDES AND ANHYDRIDES

Acetyl chloride
Succinic anhydride 6
Acetic anhydride
75-36-5
108-30-5
108-24-7
71
66.8
94.5
15.8
18.6
16.0"
10.6
19.2
11.7"
3.9
16.6
10.2
19.4
31.5
22.3
67-56-1
64-17-5
109-78-4
40.7
58.5
68.3
15.1
15.8
17.2
12.3
8.8
18.8
22.3
19.4
17.6
29.7
26.6
30.9
107-18-6
71-23-8
67-63-0
627-30-5
98-00-0
71-36-3
4221-99-2
68.4
75.2
76.8
84.2
86.5
91.5
92
16.2
16
15.8
17.6
17.4
16
15.8
10.8
6.8
6.1
5.7
7*6
5.7
5.7
16.8
17 4
16.4
14.7
15*1
15 8
14 5
25 8
246
23.5
23 7
24*3
23 1
22 1
9.11. ALCOHOLS
Methanol
Ethano1
Ethylene cyanohydrin (hydracrylonitrile;

3-hydroxypropionitrile)
Ally 1 alcohol (2-propen-l-ol)
1-Propanol
2-Propanol
3-Chloropropanol (trimethylene chlorohydrin)
Furfuryl alcohol
1-Butanol (butyl alcohol)
2-Butanol
TABLE 9.
cont'd
Solvent
2-Methyl-l-propanol (isobutyl alcohol)
Benzyl alcohol
Cyclohexanol
1-Pentanol
2-Ethyl-l-butanol
Diacetone alcohol (4-hydroxy-4-methyl2-pentanone)
1,3-Dimethyl-l-butanol
Ethyl lactate
n-Butyl lactate
Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether
(2-methoxyethanol)
Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether
(2-ethoxyethanol) Cellusolve
Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether
(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol)
Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether
(2-(2-ethyoxyethyoxy)ethanol)
Ethylene glycoi mono-rc-butyl ether
(2-butoxyethanol) Butyl Cellusolve
2-Ethyl-l-hexanol
1-Octanol (capryl alcohol)
2-Octanol
Diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether
(2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol)
1-Decanol
Tridecyl alcohol*
Nonylphenoxyethanol^
Oleyl alcohol'
Triethylene glycol mono-oleyl ether
9.12. ACIDS
Formic acid
Acetic acid
Benzoic acid*
fi-Butyric acidc
n-Octanoic acidc
Oleicacid
Stearicacid*
9.13. PHENOLS
Phenol
1,3-Benzenediol*7 (resorcinol)
m-Cresol
0-Methoxyphenol (guaiacol)
Methyl salicylate
Nonyl phenol'
9.14. WATER
Waterc
9.15. POLYHYDRIC ALCOHOLS
Ethylene glycol
Glycerol
1,3-Butanediol
Diethylene glycol
Triethylene glycol
Hexylene glycol (2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol)
Dipropylene glycol'
CAS
Number
Molar volume
(cm3/mol)
^d
78-83-1
100-51-6
108-93-0
71-41-0
97-95-0
123-42-2
92.8
103.6
106
109
123.2
124.2
105-30-6
687-47-8
138-22-7
109-86-4
111-15-9
dp
Sh
15.1
18.4
17.4
16
15.8
15.8
5.7
6.3
4.1
4.5
4.3
8.2
16
13.7
13.5
13.9
13.5
10.8
22.7
23.7
22.5
21.7
21.3
20.9
127.2
115
149
79.1
15.3
16
15.8
16.2
3.3
7.6
6.5
9.2
12.3
12.5
10.2
16.4
19.8
21.7
19.8
24.8
97.8
16.2
9.2
14.3
23.5
111-77-3
118
16.2
9.2
12.3
22.3
111-90-0
130.9
16.2
9.2
12.3
21.9
111-76-2
131.6
16
5.1
12.3
22.3
104-76-7
111-87-5
123-96-6
112-34-5
157
157.7
159.1
170.6
16
17
16.2
16
3.3
3.3
4.9
7
11.9
11.9
11
10.6
20.1
20.9
20.3
20.5
112-30-1
112-70-9
27986-36-3
143-28-2
191.8
242
275
316
418.5
17.6
14.3
16.8
14.3
13.3
2.7
3.1
10.2
2.7
3.1
10
9
8.4
8
8.4
20.5
17.2
21.3
16.6
16
64-18-6
64-19-7
65-85-0
107-92-6
124-07-2
112-80-1
57-11-4
37.8
57.1
100
110
159
320
326
14.3
14.5
18.2
14.9
15.1
14.3
16.4
11.9
8
7
4.1
3.3
3.1
3.3
16.6
13.5
9.8
10.6
8.2
5.5
5.5
25
21.3
21.9
18.8
17.6
15.8
17.6
108-95-2
108-46-3
108-39-4
90-05-1
119-36-8
25154-52-3
87.5
87.5
104.7
109.5
129
231
18
18
18
18
16
16.6
5.9
8.4
5.1
8.2
8
4.1
14.9
21.1
12.9
13.3
12.3
9.2
24.1
28.8
22.7
23.7
21.7
19.4
7732-18-5
18
15.5
16.0"
42.4
47.9
107-21-1
56-81-5
57-55-6
107-88-0
111-46-6
112-27-6
107-41-5
110-98-5
55.8
73.8
73.6
89.9
95.3
114
123
131.3
17
17.4
16.8
16.6
16.2
16
15.8
16
11
12.1
9.4
10
14.7
12.5
8.4
20.3
26
29.3
23.3
21.5
20.5
18.6
17.8
18.4
32.9
36.2
30.3
28.8
29.9
27.4
25.2
31.7
Altered from previously published value.

* Solid, treated as supercooled liquid.
c
Values uncertain.
d
Impure commercial product of this nominal formula.
TABLE 10. SOLUBILITY PARAMETERS OF POLYMERS

Molar volume
(cm3/gmol)
Polymer
Solubility parameters (MPa) 1/2

-
<5d
<5P
Sh
<*
Method
J( 0 C)
Refs.
10.1. MAIN CHAIN CARBON POLYMERS

10.1.1. POLY(DIENES)
Poly(butadiene)
3.42
1465
17.19
17.09
17.15
17.2-17.6
16.6
17.6
16.2 0.2
17.19
17.6
16.6
17.09
16.6
16.47
16.6
17.02
16.1
17.06
17.39
17.06
17.60
18
4.2
17.90-17.72
18.4
19.4
18.93
19.19
19.4
18.2
19.4
20.11-20.26
19.19
21.1
21.28-21.38
20.5 0.6
21
Emulsion
Sodium
Hydrogenated
16.98
PoIy(I f2-butadiene)
Poly(3-methyl 1,2-butadiene)
PoIy(I f3-butadiene)
Poly(2,3-dimethyl 1,3 butadiene)
Poly(cw-butadiene) elastomer (Bunahyls CBlO,
Chemische Werke Huels)
Poly(butadiene-co-acrylonitrile)
BUNA N (82/18)
(82/20)
-a
1.02
58.85
73.88
58.85
88.91
17.53
2.25
BUNA N (75/25)
(70/30)
(61/39)
Hycar (BFGoodrich)
Poly(butadiene-co-styrene)
BUNA S (94/6)
(90/10)
(87.5/12.5)
(85/15)
(75/25)
18.6
8.8
16.45-16.64
17.13
16.39-16.57
16.55
17.6
17.31
17.19
17.35
17.4
17.39
17.41
17.39
17.5
17.29
17.47
16.55
16.49
16.6
17.5
17.56
17.5
17.6
CaIc.
CaIc.
Obs.
IPGC
75
CaIc.
Swelling
Av.
129
Xe shift
CaIc.HK"
CaIc.HK
CaIc.HK
CaIc.HK
CaIc.
Obs.
CaIc.
Obs.
Obs.
25
IPGC
75
CaIc.
Obs.
CaIc.
Obs.
CaIc.
Obs.
Obs.
CaIc.
Obs.
28
66
110
112
112
118
72
70
79
79
62
104
75
75
75
98
152
3
3
3
3
56
19
66
66
112
42
104
118
79
19
43
19
19
70
56
19
110
19
43
104
112
110
112
112
79
66
66
104
UO
112
112
112
118
79
66
66
104
TABLE 10. cont'd

Molar volume
(cm3/gmol)
Polymer
Solubility parameters (MPa) 1 / 2
Sd
P
^h
S
(71.5/28.5)
(70/30)
(60/40)
Poly(butadiene-co-styrene) (Polysar 5630,

Polymer Corp.)
Poly(butadiene-a?-vinylpyridine)
Poly(chloroprene)
17.55
3.36
2.7
PoIy(1,4-cis-isoprene)
Poly(isoprene) elastomer (Cariflex IR 305, Shell)

Natural Rubber
16.57
Guttapercha
Chlorinated
10.1.2. POLY(ALKENES)
Poly(2,3-dimethyl 1-butene)
Poly(3,3-dimethyl 1-butene)
93.15
93.15
1.41
-0.82
16.55-16.72
17.51
17.35
17.5
17.7
17.74
17.74
17.76
17.74
17.8
18.07
19.13
18.42
16.59
19.19
16.74
18.93
17.6
16.8
18.8
16.6
17.6
17.54-17.74
15.18
18.0 0.4
17.6
15.18
16.64
16.68
16.57
20.46
16.47
16.47
16.57
16.68
16.6
16.4
16.47
16.82
16.68
16.2
16.33
17.09
16.2
16.65
16.2
16.6
16.68
17.09
17
16.6
16.4
17.09
16.33
16.6
16.42-16.49
16.2
16.6
19.2
18.05
18.05
Method
T(0C)
19
112
110
110
112
112
79
66
66
104
56
CaIc.
Obs.
CaIc.
Obs.
25
CaIc.
CaIc.
Obs.
Obs.
Swelling
IPGC
129
Xe shift
CaIc.
Swelling
Av.
Swelling
Swelling
CaIc.
Swelling
75
25
25
35
35
35
35
35
35
Av.
CaIc.
Obs.
Obs.
Obs.
129
Xe shift
CaIc.
Calc.HK
CaIc.HK
Refs.
25
25
79
110
28
112
42
104
118
44
72
79
43
19
19
70
152
28
42
74
74
74
74
74
74
74
75
76
76
110
112
112
112
112
72
56
43
19
112
104
124
118
19,10
79
43
19
19
152
73
21-24
3
3
TABLE 10.
contd
Solubility parameters (MPa) i / 2
Polymer
Poly(3-methyl 1-butene)
Polyethylene
Poly(ethylene)
Poly(l,l-diphenyl ethylene)
Poly(methylene)
Poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate)
Molar volume
(cm3/gmol)
<5d
Sp
Sh
78.12
78.12
78.12
33.03
166.29
Poly(isobutene)
Poly(isobutylene) (Lutonal IC/123, BASF)
14.53
2.52
4.66
Poly(isobutene-co-isoprene) butyl rubber

Poly(propylene)
Poly(propylene)
48.06
Poly(propylene), isotactic (Profax 6701, Hercules)
Poly(propylene), chlorinated (Parlon PlO, Hercules)
Poly(2-methyl propene)
63.09
10.1.3. POLY(ACRYLICS) AND POLY(METHACRYLICS)
Poly(acrylic acid), butyl ester
Poly(acrylic acid), ethyl ester
17.19
20.26
6.32
5.4
5
17.76
17.92
17.68
15.76
16.6
16
16.2
17.09
16.4
16.2
16.2
16.8
16.2
18.4
17.99
16.96
19.93
14.3
18.6 0.9
17.0 0.4
14.5
16.06
16
16.47
16.25
16.06
15.76
16.47
16.4
16.47
16.6
16
17
16.47
16.47
15.47
15
15.9-16.06
16.47
15.76
18.8
19.2
17.49
17.19
21.89
17.72
18
18.01
18.52
17.4
18.6
18.52
19.77
19.13
19.2
19.8
19.2
19.13
19.19
18.8
20.4
Method
T( 0 C)
Calc.HK
CaIc.HK
CaIc.HK
CaIc.
CaIc.
CaIc.
Obs.
129
Xe shift
CaIc.
CaIc.HK
Calc.HK
Extrapol.
IPGC
IPGC
CaIc.
Av.
Swelling
Swelling
20
25
75
35
25
CaIc.
Obs.
CaIc.
129
Xe shift
25
CaIc.
CaIc.HK
CaIc.HK
35
Av.
Swelling
CaIc.
Swelling
CaIc.
Av.
Swelling
CaIc.
Swelling
CaIc.
CaIc.
Refs.
3
3
3
110
112
58
97
8
124
118
72
97
73
152
119
3
3
45
71
70
28
74
74
74
19,10
110
112
112
58
104
21-24
19
124
72
79
56
152
19
104
112
58
124
3
81
56
3
75
75
75
75
77
77
119
75
75
75
77
77
45
62
119
TABLE 10. cont'd

Molar volume
(cm3/gmol)
Polymer
Solubility parameters (MPa)1/2
dd
Sp
Sh
S
Poly(acrylic acid), isobornyl ester

Poly(acrylic acid), methyl ester
Poly(acrylic acid), propyl ester

Poly(a-chloroacrylic acid), methyl ester
Poly(methacrylic acid), butyl ester
Poly(methacrylic acid), isobutyl ester

Poly(methacrylic acid), sec-butyl ester
Poly(methacrylic acid), ethoxyethyl ester
Poly(methacrylic acid), ethyl ester
Poly(ethyl methacrylate) (Lucite 2042, DuPont)
Poly(methacrylic
Poly(methacrylie
Poly(methacrylic
Poly(methacrylic
18.64
10.52
7.51
acid), n-hexyl ester

acid), isobornyl ester
acid), lauryl ester
acid), methyl ester
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (Rohm and Haas)

Poly (methacry lie acid), octyl ester
Poly(methacrylic acid), propyl ester
Poly(methacrylic acid), stearyl ester
18.64
10.52
7.51
10.1.4. POLY(VINYL ALCOHOLS)

Poly(vinyl alcohol)
10.1.5. POLY(VINYL ESTERS)

Poly(vinyl acetate)
acetate) (Mowilith 50, Hoechst)

acetate-co-vinyl alcohol)
butyral) (Butvar B76, Shawinigan)
propionate)
T(0C)
CaIc.
Av.
Swelling
CaIc.
Swelling
Swelling
Av.
CaIc.
CaIc.
Swelling
Swelling
CaIc.
IPGC
IPGC
IPGC
Swelling
140
140
140
Swelling
CaIc.
129
Xe shift
CaIc.
CaIc.
25
Swelling
CaIc.
CaIc.
CaIc.
CaIc.
CaIc.
CaIc.
25.78
21.7
22.5
Poly(4-vinyl phenol)
Poly(vinyl
Poly(vinyl
Poly(vinyl
Poly(vinyl
16.8
20.7
20.77
20.1
20.77
21.3
20.7
18.52
18.42
18.4
20.7
17.9
17.8
18.01
17.9
17
14.7
14.7
14.7
18.4
20.3
18.31
18.2
18.6
22.69
20.4
17.6
16.6
16.8
18.58
18.52-18.66
19.4
19.34
26.27
18.93
18.4-19.4
18.58
19.5
22.69
17.2
18
16
21
21.9
Method
20.93
11.27
9.66
18.6
4.36
13.03
19.62
19.13
20.93
19.2
18
22.61
19.2
19.2
25.66
21.94
23.12
18.01
18.52
Refs.
62
75
75
75
77
77
77
75
75
75
112
77
77
77
77
73
31
31
31
77
77
77
77
73
56
152
73
62
73
19
19
77
77
110
112
7
118
119
56
73
73
73
118
112
110
139
139
CaIc.
25
35
CaIc.
CaIc.
25
CaIc.
CaIc.
35
CaIc.
28
78
119
78
78
110
112
118
56
119
56
78
78
TABLE 10. cont'd

Polymer
Molar volume
(cm 3 /gmol)
<5d
Sp
Sh
10.1.6. POLY(ALLYL ETHERS) AND POLY(VINYL ETHERS)

Poly(allyl methyl ether)
70.79
Poly(allyl ethyl ether)
85.82
Poly(allyl propyl ether)
100.85
Poly(allyl isopropyl ether)
100.85
Poly(allyl phenyl ether)
122.39
Poly(allyl 2, tolyl ether)
137.41
137.41
137.41
Poly(diallyl ether)
96.61
55.76
70.79
Poly(vinyl propyl ether)
85.82
Poly(vinyl butyl ether)
100.85
Poly(vinyl isopropyl ether)
85.82
Poly(vinyl isobutyl ether)
100.85
Poly(vinyl isoamyl ether)
115.88
Poly(vinyl-l-amyl methyl ether)
119.91
Poly(vinyl-2-ethyl hexyl ether)
160.96
Poly(vinyl-2-methoxyethyl ether)
93.52
Poly(vinyl phenyl ether)
107.36
Poly(vinyl-1 -phenyl methyl ether)
122.39
Poly(vinyl-1-methyl phenyl ether)
122.39
Poly(vinyl-1 -phenyl phenyl ether)
174.01
PoIy(I-methyl vinyl ethyl ether)
85.82
PoIy(I-ethyl vinyl ethyl ether)
100.85
PoIy(I-phenyl vinyl ethyl ether)
137.41
Poly(divinyl ether)
66.55
19.44
19.29
19.21
19.21
20.19
20.03
20.03
20.03
18.84
19.66
19.44
19.29
19.21
19.29
19.21
19.13
20.83
18.99
20.44
20.19
20.19
20.19
20.50
19.29
19.21
20.03
18.93
10.1.7. POLY(VINYL HALIDES) AND POLY(VINYL NITRILES)

Poly(acrylonitrile)
18.21
Poly(allyl acetonitrile)
Poly( 1-methyl acrylonitrile)
Poly(2-methyl acrylonitrile)
Poly(acrylonitrile-co-isopropyl methacrylate)
16.16
6.75
81.13
66.09
66.09
Poly(vinyl bromide)
Poly(vinyl chloride) (Vipla KR, K = 50, Montecatini)

Poly(vinyl chloride), high molecular weight
Poly(vinyl chloride), chlorinated
18.23
18.72
18.82
7.53
10.03
10.03
8.35
3.07
3.07
25.27
25.6
26.09
31.5
25.27
24.18
25.45
25.45
19.84
12.7
12.7
19.42
19.6
19.19-19.34
19.28
20.67
19.54
19.8
19.2
19.8
22.1
20.1
19.5
19.8
20.32
21.42
21.46
21.54
20.13
20.25
20.3
19
Method
T( 0 C)
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
Calc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
CaIc.
CaIc.
25
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc.
CaIc.
CaIc.
Obs.
CaIc.
Turbidity
Swelling
Vise.
Vise.
Refs.
25
119
66
112
118
98
3
3
3
141
112
118
34
112
19
28
110
112
72
19
21-24
58
124
118
72
119
56
33
98
162
162
162
117
TABLE 10. cont'd

Polymer
Molar volume
(cm3/gmol)
dd
dp
6h
Poly(vinyl chloride-co-vinyl acetate) (87/13)

VYHH
Poly(vinyl chloride-o?-vinyl acetate-comaleic acid)
Poly(vinyl chloride-c<?-vinyl acetate-covinyl alcohol)
Poly(allyl cyanide)
66.09
Poly(allyl isocyanide)
66.09
Poly(vinylidene cyanide-o^-vinyl acetate)
Poly(vinylidene
fluoride)
17.2
16.6, 17.9
16.6
13.7
12.5
9.2
10.6
8.2
10.1.8. POLY(STYRENES)
Poly(styrene)
Poly(styrene) (Polystyrene LG, BASF)

Poly(o-methyl styrene)
Poly(m-methyl styrene)
Poly(/?-methyl styrene)
PoIy(I-methyl styrene)
Poly(methoxy styrene)
PolyCcyano styrene)
Poly(nitro styrene)
Poly(2-nitro styrene)
Poly(styrene-c<9-divinylbenzene)
5% crosslinking
10% crosslinking
20% crosslinking
Poly(styrene-o?-rc-butyl methacrylate)
Poly (sty rene-co-isobutyl methacrylate)
Poly(a-methylstyrene-co-acrylonitrile)
Poly(4-hydroxystyrene)
21.28
5.75
4.3
114.69
114.69
114.69
114.69
122.39
124.28
113.29
113.29
17.6
17.8
17.6
6.1
9
10
4.1
8.4
13.7
d
21.7
21.3
20.42
20.44
20.77
25.45
25.45
25
22.67
23.2
23.2
19.2
24.6, 25.2
17.52
17.45-17.58
20.16
17.86-17.92
17.84-18.56
18.6
18.72
18.62
18.62
18.66
19.09
18.66
18.6
17.6-19.8
17.4
17.6
18.4
19.28
21.1
17.52
17.84
18.6
17.6-17.8
18.6
15.6
22.47
19.33
19.33
19.33
19.33
20.19
22.36
22.71
22.20
18.6
17.39
14.8
15.7
17.8
15.1
15.1
19.02
16.4
21.7
24.55
Method
T(0C)
CaIc.
28
21-24
119
119
119
3
3
21-24
128
147
147
147
147
149
148
CaIc.
CaIc.
CaIc.
CaIc.HK
CaIc.HK
CaIc.
Vise.
Obs.
CaIc.
Refract, index
Contact ang.
Swelling
CaIc.
Vise.
35
Av.
Swelling
CaIc.
25
CaIc.
Obs.
Obs.
CaIc.
CaIc.
IPGC
Refs.
140
CaIc.HK
CaIc.HK
CaIc.HK
CaIc.HK
CaIc.HK
CaIc.HK
CaIc.s<
CaIc. s
Obs.
IPGC
IPGC
140
140
IPGC
140
19
19
28
48
116
66
74
74
74
74
110
112
112
112
18
19
58
119
124
118
19,97
104
72
79
31
56
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
112
18
137
137
137
31
31
151
111
138
138
TABLE 10. confd

Polymer
Molar volume
(cm 3 /gmol)
Poly(4-a-acetoxystyrene),
-CH2-C-(OCOCH3)-(C6H5-OCOR)-,
R = C H 3 , C 2 H 5 , W-C3H7, OCH 3
Poly(vinylidene cyanide-co-4-a-acetoxystyrene),
dh
Method
T( 0 C)
S6
dp
Refs.
15.7
10.2
7.4
21.9
161
21.5
11.3
7.2
25.3
161
17
13.5
6.5
23.5
161
17
12.1
8.2
22.4
161
17
11.9
7.2
21.9
161
-CH2-C(CN)2-CH2-C-(OCOCH3)-
(C6H5-OCOR)-, R = C H 3
Poly(vinylidene cyanide-cc-4-a-acetoxystyrene),
R=OCOCH3
Poly(vinylidenecyanide-C(?-4-a-acetoxystyrene),
R=OCOCH3
Poly(vinylidene cyanide-co-4-oc-acetoxystyrene),
R=OCOCH3
10.2.
MAIN CHAIN C-O POLYMERS

Poly(vinyl acetate)
Poly(allyl acetate)
Poly(diethylaminoethyl acrylate)-palladium ion
Poly(allyl acrylate)
Poly(isobutyl acrylate)
Poly(2-ethyl hexyl acrylate)
Poly(2-cyanoethyl acrylate) 0
Poly(dimethyl citraconate)
Poly(diethyl citraconate)
Poly(vinyl crotonate)
Poly(methyl dimethyl fumarate)
Poly(methyl diethyl fumarate)
Poly(dimethyl fumarate)
Poly(dipropyl fumarate)
Poly(di-n-butyl fumarate)
Poly(di-H-amyl fumarate)
Poly(di-isopropyl fumarate)
Poly(di-isobutyl fumarate)
Poly(di-isoamyl fumarate)
Poly(dinitrile fumarate)
Poly(diphenyl fumarate)
Poly(vinyl-2-ethyl hexoate)
Poly(dimethyl maleate)
Poly(diethyl maleate)
Poly(di--propyl maleate)
Poly(di-n-butyl maleate)
Poly(di-n-amyl maleate)
Poly(di-isobutyl maleate)
Poly(di-isoamyl maleate)
Poly(diphenyl maleate)
Poly(3-chloropropyl methacrylate)
Poly(propyl methacrylate)
Poly(allyl methacrylate)
74.25
89.28
74.25
89.28
100.07
119.34
119.34
179.46
89.36
140.88
104.31
130.5
160.58
100.07
130.5
160.56
115.47
145.53
165.58
205.65
235.71
165.58
205.65
235.71
46.32
217.67
157.83
115.47
145.53
165.58
205.65
235.71
205.65
235.71
217.67
89.28
110.9
119.34
134.37
191.91
115.1
119.34
134.37
89.32
18.21
18.27
20.50
18.21
18.27
17.94
20.42
18.37
18.45
31.77
19.38
18.33
18.58
18.58
17.94
18.58
18.58
18.56
18.58
19.72
18.60
18.60
19.72
18.60
18.60
48.45
19.91
19.21
18.56
18.58
19.70
18.60
18.60
18.60
18.60
19.91
19.60
18.27
17.25
18.37
18.41
15.80
17.51
18.39
18.39
18.27
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
Calc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
Calc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. s
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
CaIc. HK
3
3
136
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
160
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
TABLE 10.
cont'd
Solubility parameters (MPa)1/2
Polymer
Molar volume
(cm3/gmol)
<5d
<5P
Sh
Method
T(0C)
Refs.
10.3. MAIN CHAIN C-N POLYMERS

10.3.1. POLY(AMIDES)
Poly(lactams)
Nylon 3
Nylon 4
19.44
-a
14.12
Nylon 5
Nylon 6
Nylon 7
Nylon 8
Nylon 9
Nylon 10
Nylon 11
Nylon 12
Nylon 2-1
Nylon 34
Nylon 4-1
Nylon 5-1
Nylon 6-1
Nylon 61, poly(hexamethylene isophthalamide)
Nylon 7-1
Nylon 8-1
Nylon 9-1
Nylon 10-1
Nylon 12-1
Nylon 66
Nylon 66 (Zytel, DuPont)
Poly(iminohexamethylene iminoadipoyl)
Poly(amide), thermoplastics (Versamid 930,
General Mills)
Poly(p-benzamide)
Poly(/7-phenylene terephthalamide)
Poly(/?-benzanilide terephthalamide)
Poly(n-isopropyl acrylamide)
Gel
18.62
18.62
5.11
0
12.28
14.12
17.43
- 1.92
14.89
11.9
11.9
11.9
7.9
7.9
7.9
18
18
18
10.3.2. CELLULOSE AND DERIVATIVES

Benzyl cellulose
Cellulose
Cellulose
Cellulose-alkylketene dimer treatment
Cellulose acetate (56% acetate groups)
(48% acetate groups)
Cellulose acetate (Cellidore A. Bayer)
Cellulose acetate
Cellulose acetate propionate
Cellulose diacetate
12.69
8.27
8.1
-a
8
12.35
22.3
13.88
7.96
18.6
15.55
15.75
15.75
12.73
-a
-a
-a
11.01
11.87
8.59
10.23
Cellulose nitrate (11.83% N)
(11.4% N)
Cellulose nitrate (1/2 sec; H-23 Hagedon)
Cellulose tridecanoate
Ethyl cellulose
15.41
15.55
19.85
14.73
-
-a
8.84
10.64
6.14
26.2
23.9
24.02
22.5
21.5
20.7
20.3
19.8
19.4
19.2
19
27.2
26
25
24.1
23.5
26.3
23.2
22.9
22.5
22.1
21.7
21.1
22.87
23.37
27.8
23.02
23
23
23
22.8
23.5
25.23
32.02
25.66
18.03
16.78
27.83
27.19
25.08
19.56
17.94
18.76
23.22
22.3
22.3
30.39
21.44
21.7
23.5
21.93
23.08
18.84
20.77
21.1
CaIc.
CaIc.
CaIc.
CaIc.
CaIc.
CaIc.
CaIc.
CaIc.
CaIc.
CaIc.
CaIc.
CaIc.
CaIc.
CaIc.
CaIc.
CaIc.HK
CaIc.H"
CaIc.
CaIc.
CaIc.
CaIc.
CaIc.
Swelling
Swelling
Swelling
CaIc.
Swelling
CaIc.
139
139
81
139
139
139
139
139
139
139
139
139
139
139
139
139
150
150
139
139
139
139
139
98
56
118
56
143
143
143
154
153
110
110
81
140
140
110
110
56
81
81
18
112
118
72
110
112
72
21-24
72
56
81
81
21-24
TABLE 10. cont'd

Polymer
10.4. OTHER POLYMERS
Alcohol soluble resin
(Pentalyn 255, Hercules)
Alcohol soluble rosin resin
(Pentalyn 830, Hercules)
Alkyd, short oil (coconut oil 34% phthalic
anhydride, Plexal C34)
Alkyd resin, medium oil length
Alkyd, long oil (66% oil length,
Plexal P65, Polyplex)
Coumarone-indene resin (Piccoumarone 450L,
Penn. Ind. Chem.)
Epoxy resin
Epoxy (Epikote 1001, Shell)
Epoxy DBEBA-DDMe*
DGEBA-DMM
TGAP-DDMe
TGAP-ANI
TGAP-DDM
TGAP-DDS
Ester gum (ester gum BL, Hercules)
Furfuryl alcohol resin (Durez 14383,
Hooker Chemical)
Hexamethoxymethyl melamine (Cymel 300,
American Cyanimid)
Pentaerythritol ester of rosin, modified
(Cellolyn 102, Hercules)
Petroleum hydrocarbon resin (Piccopale 110,
Penn. Ind. Chem.)
Phenolic resin (resole, Phenodur 373U
Chemische Werke Albert)
Phenolic resin (Super Beckacite 1001,
Reichhold)
Poly(2 acrylamide-2-methyl propane
sulphonamide) (tested in formamide/water
mixtures)
Poly(3,3-dimethyl oxetane)
Poly(3,3-diethyl oxetane)
Poly(l,3-dioxolane)
Poly(ether urethane)
Molar volume
(cm 3 /gmol)
S9
^h
17.5
9.3
14.3
24.4
56
20
5.8
10.9
23.5
56
18.5
9.21
4.91
21.24
56
20.42
3.44
4.56
19.2
12.2
19.42
5.48
5.77
20.99
56
20.36
12.03
11.48
Method
Refs.
118
56
135
135
135
135
135
135
56
56
21-24
56
19.64
21.16
4.73
13.56
7.77
12.81
22.3
26.29
22
22.2
22.5
23.9
24.8
27.1
21.65
28.21
20.36
8.53
10.64
24.51
56
21.73
0.94
8.53
23.37
56
17.55
1.19
3.6
17.96
56
19.74
11.62
14.59
27.15
56
23.26
6.56
8.35
25.57
56
32
22
22.4
43.6
15.35
15.55
2.46
2.05
4.09
3.48
Poly(DL-lactic acid)
Poly(oxetane)
T( 0 C)
5d
17.39
5.12
5.12
16.16
16.16
20.66
17.99 db.02
17.38 0 . 1 6
17.20 0 . 1 5
17.140.14
17.06 db 0.15
16.96 0.15
21.0 0 . 3
20.5 0 . 4
19.8
20.3
19.2
19.23
15.04
14.9
15.45
15.6
14.9
15.59
15.4
15
15.1
35
35
35
35
35
35
Vise.
Vise.
Vise.
Vise.
IPGC
IPGC
IPGC
IPGC
IPGC
IPGC
Density
Vise.
CaIc. s
CaIc. H
CaIc. HK
25
25
25
100
120
130
140
150
25
25
25
25
25
Obs.
Swelling
Av.
25
Vapor sorp.
IPGC
159
92
92
175
158
158
158
158
158
158
142
142
142
142
142
92
110
21-24
76
76
118
45
125
145
146
* DGEBA - diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A; DDMe - tetraethyl derivative of DDM; DDM - diamino diphenyl methane; TGAP - triglycidyl derivative of amino phenol; ANI aniline; DDS - diamino diphenylsulfone.
TABLE 10. cont'd

Polymer
Molar volume
(cm3/gmol)
dd
dp
<5h
S1 = (15.7 - 0.026)f, t in 0 C
Polyethylene adipate)
Polyethylene oxide)
16.47
0.37
2.84
15.1
17.5
19.82
20.2 2
19.9 2.2
17.8
19.64
21.9
21.9
19.2
16.2
16.2
16.3
16.2
16.1
18.51.2
15.9
20.26
19.23
19.19
18.4
19.0 1.0
20.5
20.5
22.9
16.5
25.6
22.92
22.14
19.52
20.28
16.72
20.81
17
8.29
10.3
12.71
6.1
25.74
20.8
16.32
6.1 0.5
9.40.1
17.32
3.0 1
9.40.5
Poly(oxytrirnethylene) polyoxetane
-3,3 dimethyl
-3,3 diethyl
Polypropylene oxide)
16.3 1
Poly(sulfone), Bisphenol A (Udel)
Poly(thioethylene)
19.03
4.70.5
0
7.40.5
6.96
Poly(thiophenylethylene)
Poly(urethane) (unknown composition)
Poly(urethane), amorphous
Poly(vinyl ethylene)
Poly(vinyl pyrroiidone)
Poly(vinyi methyl ketone)
Poly(vinyl ethyl ketone)
Poly(vinyl methyl sulfide)
Poly(vinyl phenyl sulfide)
Teipene resin (Piccolyte S-1000,
Penn. Ind. Chem.)
Urea-formaldehyde resin (Plastopal H, BASF)
Viton
a
Altered
^Method
'Method
rf
Method
E.
66.59
81.58
66.63
118.35
Method
T(0C)
IPGC
129
Xe shift
IPGC
25
CaIc.
IPGC
70
Vise.
Vise.
Vise.
CaIc.
Swelling
Swelling
Swelling
Av.
129
Xe shift
Vise.
CaIc.HK
Calc.HK
CaIc.HK
CaIc.HK
25
25
25
81
86
91
Refs.
144
152
157
31
157
157
176
118
112
31
92
92
156
156
156
157
157
81
110
43
43
87
76
76
155
152
177
3
3
3
3
56
56
130
from previously published value.

of van Krevelen and Hoftyzee.
of Small.
of Hoy.
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O p t i c a l l y
A c t i v e
P o l y m e r s
Katsuhiro l n o m a t a
Department of Polymer Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
Akihiro Abe
Department of Industrial Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Polytechnics, Atsugi, Japan
A. Abbreviations used
B. Optically Active Polymers from Chiral
Monomers
Polymers
1.1. Poly(alkenes)
Polymers
1.3. Poly(methacrylics) and
Related Polymers
1..4. Poly(vinyl ethers), Poly(vinyl
ketones), and Poly(vinyl esters)
1.5. Poly(styrenes),
Poly(carbazoles)
1.6. Poly(dienes)
1.7. Poly(isonitriles)
1.8. Poly(alkynes)
1.9. Poly(maleimides) and
Related Polymers
Polymers
2.1. Poly(oxides)
2.2. Poly(esters)
2.3. Poly (su If ides), Poly(thioesters)
2.4. Poly(urethanes), Poly(ureas)
2.5. Poly(amides)
2.6. Poly(isocyanates)
2.7. Poly(imines)
C. Optically Active Polymers from Achiral
Monomers
Polymers
Polymers
4.2. Poly(methacrylics) and Related
Polymers
4.3. Polytvinyl ethers)
VII-715
VII-716
VII-716
VII-716
VII-716
VII-717
VII-718
VII-719
VII-720
VII-720
VII-721
VII-722
VII-723
VII-723
VII-723
VII-724
VII-725
VII-725
VII-726
VII-728
VII-728
VII-729
VII-732
VII-733
VII-733
VII-733
VII-734
VII-735
4.4. Poly(styrenes)
4.5. Poly(dienes)
4.6. Poly(isonitriles)
4.7. Poly(maleimides)
Polymers
5.1. Poly(oxides) and Poly(sulfides)
5.2. Poly(isocyanates)
D. References
VII-735
VII-735
VII-736
VII-736
VII-737
VII-737
VII-737
VII-738
VII-739
By definition the optical activity, [M] A, of polymers and

their low molecular weight analogs is given by
[M] A = [a\x x (mean residue weight)/100
A. ABBREVIATIONS USED
AcAc
Acetylacetonate
AIBN
Azobisisobutyronitrile
BPO
Benzoyl peroxide
DBP
Dibenzoyl peroxide
DCA
Dichloroacetic acid
DCM
Dichloromethane
DDB
2,3-Dimethoxy-1,4-bis(dimethylamino)butane
DMAc
Dimethylacetamide
DMF
Dimethylformamide
DMSO
Dimethylsulfoxide
DPEDA-Li iV^/V'-diphenylethylenediamine monolithium
amide
EDC
Ethylene dichloride
M
Monomer
MC
Model compound
NCA
iV-Carboxylic anhydride
P
Polymer
RT
Room temperature
TMEDA
A^N,A/^JV'-tetramethylethylenediamine
TCA
Trichloroacetic acid
TFA
TFEL
Trifluoroethanol
THF
Tetrahydrofuran
B. OPTICALLY ACTIVE POLYMERS FROM CHIRAL MONOMERS

TABLE 1.
MAIN-CHAIN ACYCLIC CARBON POLYMERS
Polymer
Catalyst or initiator
1.1.
Polymerization system
Polymer (P) values
T(0C)
[M] D
Benzene
30-40
-20to -120
-35.3 to -144
- Ill
Isooctane
RT
Isooctane
Isooctane
Isooctane
Solvent
Monomer (M) or model

compound (MC) values
[M)0
Optical activity measured

Solvent
T (0C)
Refs.
POLY(ALKENES)
Poly[(/?)(- )3,7-dimethyl-1 -octene]

Al(Z-C4Hg)3ZTiCl4
Al(Z-C 4 H 9 ) 3/TiCl3
LiAlH 4/TiCl 4/monomer
Poly[(S)( + )5-methyl-1 -heptene]
Al(J-C4Hg)3ZTiCl3
Poly [(S)( + )4-methyl-l -hexenej
Al(I-C4Hg)3ZTiCl4
Al(z-C4H9)3/TiCl3
Poly[()( + )6-methyl-1 -octene]
Al(Z-C4Hg)3ZTiCl3
Poly[(S)( + )3-methyM-pentene]
Al(Z-C4H9)3/TiCl4
Al(Z-C 4 Hg) 3 ZTiCl 3
Poly [(5)5-pheny 1-1-heptene]
PoIy[Cff)4-phenyl-1 -hexene]
Al(Z-C 4 H 9 ) 3 /TiCl 3
4,7
14.4 (MC)
14.4 (MC)
8.88 (MC)
Toluene
Toluene
27.4-68.1
11.7 (MC)
Benzene
RT
RT
205-288
149-279
21.3 (MC)
21.3(MC)
Benzene (MC); toluene (P)

Benzene (P)
25
25
2-6,9
RT
16.0
20.4
13.3(MC)
13.3(MC)
Benzene
25
4
5
20-25
29.4-158
- 11.4 (MC)
Tetralin (P)
20-25
75.8-157
161
- 11.4 (MC)
Tetralin (P)
25 (P); 20 (MC) 2-6,

8,9
25 (P); 20 (MC)
5
-78.1
6.25
25
25
25
2-6
26.6
4.80 (M)
Cyclohexane (P); neat (M)
25
118
60
-61.6
- 8.99 (M)
Chloroform (P); neat (M)
25
118
Dioxane
60
-21.0
-21.0 (MC)
Dioxane
25
12
65
60
35
-70
-78
-46.1
-47.2
-47.4
-43.0
-47.2
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
25
25
25
25
25
10
Benzene
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Dioxane
50-100
RT
23.4
17.9
55.5 (M)
42.2 (M)

Dioxane
21 (P); 22 (M)
25
13
14
Dioxane
RT
15.3
37.4 (M)
Dioxane
30
13
Benzene
50
60
Benzene
22
25
11
215
2,2,4-Trimethylpentane 25-60
1.2. POLY(ACRYLICS) AND RELATED POLYMERS

Poly(acryloyl-L-glutamic acid)
AIBN
Poly(L-bornyl acrylate)
AIBN
AIBN
AIBN
C 6 H 5 MgBr
UV benzoin
Po\y(d-sec-butyl a-chloroacrylate)
BPO
BPO
Poly{d-sec-butyl a-bromoacrylate)
BPO
Poly(L-menthyl acrylate)
AIBN
AIBN
-79.0
-73.9
- 56.4 (M)
- 56.4 (M)
- 56.4 (M)
- 56.4 (M)
- 56.4 (M)
-99.3(M)
- 88.3 (M)
PoIyU + ^-methyl-Af-a-methylbenzyl-acrylamidel
AIBN
Toluene
n-BuLi
Toluene
C 6 H 5 MgBr
Toluene
Poly[( - W-propyl-N-a-methylbenzyl-acrylamide]
Toluene
AIBN
Toluene
/1-BuLi
(M)
(M)
(M)
(M)
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
25
25
25
25
29
- 167
-318
_ 444 (M)
_ 444 (M)
Benzene
Benzene
25
25
29
Toluene
20
10
-70.8
-50.1 (M)
- 32.2 (M)
-28.8(M)
EDC (P); ethanol (M)

Benzene
25
20
23,24
25-27
- 8.6 (M)
Benzene
19
26
DCM
20
17,18
Benzene (M); methanol

-0.01% CH3SO3H(P)
Methanol- 0.01%CH3SO3H
after 1 h
Methanol-13%CH3SO3H
25
225
25
Benzene
Chloroform
Chloroform
Benzene
Benzene
Chloroform
25
20
20
25
25
25
16,11
Dioxane
25
28
Water
20
119
Water
20
215
Dioxane
25
28
Water
20
222
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane (P); neat (M)
25
25
25
25
19-21
Chloroform (P); isooctane (M) 20

Chloroform (P); isooctane (M) 20
16,22
60
22
-50
-50
278
397
366
337
70
22
504
504
504
504
1.3. POLY(METHACRYLICS) AND RELATED POLYMERS

Poly(L-bornyl methacrylate)
55
Benzene
AIBN
PoIy(1,2; 5,6-diisopropylidene-D-glucofuranosyl-3-methacrylate)
Benzene
80
BPO
40-50
AIBN
Benzene
Poly(2,3 ; 4,6-diisopropylidene-L-sorbofuranosyl-1 -methacrylate)
60
AIBN
PoIyK + M ,3-dimethylbutyl methacrylate]
BPO
82-110
PoIyK + )(S)-diphenyl(l-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl)methyl methacrylate]
DPEDA-Li/TMEDA
Toluene
-78
-49.0
-48.4
-84.5
18.2
780(LaJ 365 )
23.4 (MC)
30.9
43.5 (MC)
-82.2(M)([aJ 365 )
-410(LaJ 365 )
779(LaJ 365 )
Poly( 1 -menthyl methacrylate)
AIBN
Benzene
BPO
C 6 H 5 MgBr
Toluene
C 6 H 5 MgBr
Toluene
7-Ray
BuLi
THF
Poly(methacryloyl-D-alanine)
AIBN
Dioxane
Poly(Af-methacryloyl-L-alanine)
AIBN
Dioxane
Pory(N-methacryloyl-L-asparagine)
AIBN
Dioxane
PoIy(methacryIoyl-L-glutamic acid)
AIBN
Dioxane
Poly(s-N-methacryloyl-L-lysine]
Water
Poly( 1 -a-methylbenzy 1 methacrylate)
UV AIBN
UV benzoin
/i-BuLi
Toluene
AIBN
Dioxane
Poly(2-methylbutyl methacrylate)
BPO
C 6 H 5 MgBr
Toluene
PolyL(5)4-methyl-2-M^V-dimethylaminopentyl methacrylate]
AIBN
Benzene
- 202
- 202
- 202
- 202
- 202
- 193
- 256.8
-158.9
- 177.0
- 194.0
55
40-85
RT
-75
-75
-78
-96.9
60
42.0
48.9 (MC)
-42(La] 546 )
-41 (M) ([a]
546)
60
-24.4(La] 546 )
-36(MC)(La] 546 )
60
-23.0
- 26.0 (MC)
65
12.1
35
-65
-60
35
- 79,5
-72.5
-100
60
7(M)
-151
-138
-190
-147
- 54.4 (M)
- 54.4 (M)
- 54.4 (M)
5.93
6.84
100
RT
2.2
(M)
(M)
(M)
(M)
(M)
- 103 (M)
- 103 (M)
- 103 (M)
-78.8(M)
6.99 (M)
6.99 (M)
-2.1 (M)
Benzene
25
205
120
TABLE 1.
cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
PoIyK' + )phenyl-2-pyridyl-0-tolylmethyl methacrylate]

/t-BuLi
THF
Polymer (P) values
Toluene

[M]D
-78
40
395
-321
-617([aJ 365 )
[Ml0
Solvent
2T( 0 C)
Refs.
Benzene (M); THF (P)

THF
Chloroform(M); 90%
chloroform-10% TFEL (P)
- 78 (P); 25 (M)
25 (P)
25
223
Chloroform (P); benzene (M)

Chloroform (after heating
at 600C)
Chloroform (P); benzene (M)
Chloroform (after heating
at 600C)
25
25
224
25
25
224
- 47.6 (M)
-47.6(M)
Chloroform
Chloroform
25
25
121
- 37.7 (M)
- 37.7 (M)
Chloroform
Chloroform
25
121
-99.7 (M)
Chloroform
88.6 (M)
190.1 (M)(M 365 )
PoIvK + )phenYl-2-pyridyl-m-tolYlmethyl methacrylate I

DPEDA-Li/(- )DDB
Toluene
-78
-845(La] 365 )
1481 (La] 365 )
14.0(M)(LaJ 3 6 5 )
DPEDA-Li/TMEDA
-78
262(LaJ 365 )
1370(La] 365 )
14.0(M)(La] 365 )
Toluene
185
1.4. POLY(VINYL ETHERS), POLY(VINYL KETONES), POLY(VINYL ESTERS)

1.4.1. POLY(VINYL ETHERS)
PoIyK- )(5)2,2/-bis(2-vinyloxyethoxy)-l,l/-binaphthyl]
DCM
0
-131.6
SnCl4
Nitromethane
0
-131.9
BF 3 OEt 2
PoIyK- )(5)2,2/-bisl2-(2-vinyIoxyethoxy)ethoxy]-l ,1 '-binaphthylj
-93.9
SnCl4
DCM
O
-95.8
BF 3 OEt 2
DCM
O
PoIyK-)(5)2,2 / -bisL2-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)ethoxy]-3,3 / ~dimethyl-l,r-binaphthyl]
DCM
O
SnCl4
44.5
Poly( 1 -bornyloxyethylene)
BF 3 OEt 2
PoIy(I -cholesteryloxyethylene)
Poly( 1,2: 5,6-diisopropylidene-a-D-glucofuranosyl-3-oxyethylene)
BF3 OEt2
n-Hexane + DCM
-78
Poly( 1 -menthyloxyethylene)
C 4 H 9 MgBr
Toluene
80
BF 3 OEt 2
M-Hexane
-78
SnCl4
Petroleum ether
25
Mn-MoO 3 -H 2 SO 4
/i-Hexane
-10
Mn-MoO 3 -H 2 SO 4
Az-Hexane
-30
A1(/-OC 3 H 7 ) 3 /H 2 SO 4
rc-Pentane
- 15 to RT
-198
BF 3 OEt 2
Toluene
-78
-220
Poly( 1 -a-methy lbenzyloxyethylene)
BF 3 OEt 2
Propane
-78
Polyt(S)2-methylbutyloxyethylene]
Al(Z-C 4 H 9 )Cl 2
Propylene + Toluene
-78
25
25 (P); 29 (M)
-142
-93
-122.4(M)
- 131.4 (M)
5.7
-77.2
-358
-396
-373
-357
-353
- 121.9(M)
-121.9(M)
-121.9(M)
- 118.8(M)
- 118.8(M)
- 72.2 (M)
-61.5 (M)
68.6
-71.9 (M)
4.9
1.1 (MC)
7.6 (M)
1.1 (MC)
7.6 (M)
1.1 (MC)
7.6 (M)
A1(/-C 4 H 9 ) 3 /H 2 SO 4
Ether
15-20
-5.9
A1(/-OC 3 H 7 ) 3 /H 2 SO 4
Ethyl acetate
0-20
6.4
Benzene
245
25
31
31
EDC (P); ethanol (M)
25
36,24
Benzene (P); chloroform (M)

Benzene (P)
Benzene (P)
Chloroform (M); benzene (P)
Benzene (P)
Neat (M); benzene (P)
Toluene (M); benzene (P)
25
25
25
25
25
25
25 (P)
Benzene
25
35
Toluene (P); neat (M1MC)
25
34
Toluene (P)
25
Toluene (P)
25
31
33
123
124
Po Iy [(S) 1 -methylpropyloxyethylenej
Al(Z-C 4 H 9 )Cl 2
Propylene -f Toluene
-78
AI(Z-C 4 H 9 )SZH 2 SO 4
15-20
Diethyl ether
Al(Z-OC 3 H 7 ) 3/H 2 SO 4
- 15 to RT
rc-Pentane
Polyl(S)2-phenylvinyl 2-methylbutyl ether]
-78
BF 3 OEt 2
Toluene
-78
SnCl4
Toluene
Poly[(S)2-phenylvinyl 3-methylpentyl ether]
BF 3 OEt 2
-78
Toluene
SnCl4
Toluene
-78
1.4.2. POLY(VINYL KETONES)
Poly[(5)2-methylbutyl vinyl ketone]
Spontaneous
LiAlH 4
Toluene
Poly[(S)3-methylpentyl vinyl ketone]
Spontaneous
Toluene
LiAlH 4
Poly[(S) 1 -methylpropyl vinyl ketone]
LiAlH4
Toluene
Spontaneous
Toluene
AIBN
Toluene
LiAlH4
Poly(<i-5ec-butyl p-vinyl-benzoate)
BPO
Poly(vinyl 1-2-phenylbutyrate)
BPO
Dioxane
246
206
13.24 (M)
13.67 (M)
285
13.8(M)
Toluene (P); neat (M)

Toluene (P)
Benzene (P); neat (M)
25
25
25
11.4
12.0
3(MC)
3 (MC)
DCM
DCM
25 (MC)
25 (MC)
125
7.8
7.8
7.12(MC)
7.12 (MC)
DCM
DCM
25 (MC)
25 (MC)
125
32
123
20-25
- 16 to 50
- 10.0
-43.0
11.5 (MC)
11.5(MC)
Chloroform (P); neat (MC)

Chloroform (P)
25
25
30
20-25
0
15.6
11.7
15.2(MC)
15.2 (MC)

Chloroform (P)
25
25
30
0
RT
60
-15
-118
-42.5
-39.1
-139.0
33.4 (MC)
33.4 (MC)
25
25
25
25
30
44.08 (M)
44.08 (M)

Chloroform (P)
EDC
EDC
126
40
22.9
24.0 (M)
Benzene
50
40
100
-29.1
- 20.4 (M)
Dioxane
25
13
55
10.15
12.07 (M)
Dioxane
25
41
60
-78
0
-2.5
-6.2
-3.8
3.5 (M)
3.5 (M)
3.5 (M)
DCM (P); acetone (M)

DCM (P)
DCM (P)
25
25
25
127
-78
25
60
-13.4
-39.4
-21.4
-11.6(M)
-11.6(M)
- 11.6 (M)
DCM (P); heptane (M)

DCM (P)
DCM (P)
25
25
25
127
60
200
-14.5
-19.6
-12.2
- 7.5 (M)
-7.5(M)
-7.5 (M)
DCM (P); heptane (M)

DCM (P)
DCM (P)
25
25
25
127
76
9.57
13.97 (M)
24.7
70
-8.5 to -11.0
2.70 (M)
Chloroform
20
1.5. POLY(STYRENES), POLY(CARBAZOLES)

Poly(4-5c-butoxymethylstyrene)
BPO
Dioxane
Poly[(S)3-sec-butyl-9-vinylcarbazole]
AIBN
Benzene
EtAlCl 2
Toluene
C 7 H 7 SbCl 6
DCM
Poly[(S)9-(2-methylbutyl)-2-vinylcarbazole]
EtAlCl2
DCM
n-BuLi
THF
AIBN
Poly[(5)9-(2-methylbutyl)-3-vinylcarbazole]
AIBN
Benzene
C 7 H 7 SbCl 6
DCM
Poly[2-(2-thio-3-methylpentyl)styrene]
AIBN
Poly[p-(/?-tolylsulfinyl)styrene]
Benzene
AIBN
42
128
TABLE 1.
confd
Polymer
1.6.
Solvent
T (0C)

[M]0
[M]0

Solvent
:r (
C)
Rets.
POLY(DIENES)
Polyl 1 -(d-bornylammonium carboxylate)-1,3-butadieneJ

AlBN
Methanol
50
Poly[ 1 -((- ) 1 -cyclohexylethylammonium carboxylate)-1,3-butadiene]
AIBN
Methanol
50
Poly [(3)(55)3,5-dimethyl-1,3-heptadieneJ
K2S2O8
Aq. emulsion
55
Al(I-C 4 H 9 )SVTiCl 4
Benzene
25
Poiy[(3Z)(5S)3,5-dimethy 1-1,3-heptadiene]
KaSiOg
Aq. emulsion
55
AlO-C 4 H 9 J 3 ZTiCl 4 Benzene
25
PoIy[I-((- )menthy!oxycarbonyl)-1,3-pentadieneJ
AlBN
Benzene
50
PoIy[I -((5)(- )a-phenylethy!ammonium carboxylate)-1,3-butadiene]
AlBN
Methanol
50
Po\y[trans-(R)6-pheny\-1,3-heptadiene]
rc-Heptane
25
AlEt3A^Cl3
rc-Heptane
25
w-BuLi
w-Heptane
25
PolyUra/w-(/?)5-phenyl-1,3-hexadiene]
A10-C 4 H 9 ) 3 /TiCl 3
n-Heptane
25
AlEt 3 ZVCl 3 /i-Heptane
25
n-BuLi
rc-Heptane
25
1.7.
Polymer (P) values
14.4
6.8 (M)
Methanol
25
177
-3.6
- 3.7 (M)
Methanol
25
177
44.0
33.2
42.8 (M)
42.8 (M)
Benzene
Benzene
20 (P); 25 (M)
20(P)
129
41.4
31.7
41.6(M)
41.6(M)
Benzene
Benzene
20 (P); 25 (M)
20(P)
129
-71.3
- 84.5 (M)
THF (P); benzene (M)
25
190
-11.4
- 8.0 (M)
Methanol
20
178
-46.87
-45.82
-40.30
- 16.6 (M)
-16.6(M)
-16.6(M)
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
25 (P); 15 (M)
25(P)
25 (P)
130
- 39.84
-42.86
- 37.54
- 18.74 (M)
- 18.74 (M)
- 18.74 (M)
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
25 (P); 15 (M) 130

25(P)
25(P)
POLY(ISONITRILES)
Poly[((S)( 1 -(acetoxymethyl)ethy l)imino)methy lene]

NiCI 2 -6H 2 O
Methanol
RT
PoIyK(SX 1 -(acetoxymethyl)-2-methylpropyl)imino)methy lene J
NiCl 2 6H 2 O Methanol
RT
Poly[((/?)(2-acetoxy-l-phenylethyl)imino)methylene]
NiCl 2 6H 2 O
Methanol
RT
Poly[(L-alanyl-(6>-acetyl)L-serine methylester)methylenej
NiCl 0 -6H 2 O
Chloroform
-190([M] 578 )
58.3 ([OCj 578)
74.0(M) ([MJ 57 S).
Chloroform
20-22
132
- i l l ([a].) -172([M] 578 )
46.8 ([(X]578)
72.5 (M) [[M]5n)
Chloroform
20-22
132
-129 (M) ([M] 578 )
Chloroform
20-22
132
-58.1 (M)
Chloroform-methanol (5 :2)
(P); chloroform (M)
20
231
-12.0(M)
Chloroform-methanol
20
231
40.6 (La] 578)
Chloroform
22
249
18.6 ([a]578)
Chloroform
22
249
-13.5(M)
Chloroform-methanol (5:2)
(P); chloroform (M)
20
230
-82(IaJ 5 7 8 )
205
Poly[(L-alanyl-(O-acetyl)D-serine methylester)methylenej
-33
NiCl 2 -6H 2 O
Chloroform
Poly[(L-alanyl-(Af(Im)-tosyl)L-histidine methylester)methylenej
NiCl 2 -6H 2 O
Chloroform/Methanol RT
144(Ia] 578 )
Poly[(D-alanyl-(Ar(Im)-tosyl)L-histidine methylester)methylenej
NiCl 2-6H 2 O
Chloroform/Methanol
RT
-170 (N 578 )
Poly[(L-alanyl-(/V(Im)~tosyl) L-histidyl-(O-acetyl)L-serine methylester)methylenej
-58.9
NiCl 2 6H 2 O
Chloroform
-156([M] 5 7 8 )
-68.5
([a]578)
Poly[(L-alanyl-(A^(Im)-tosyl)L-histidyl-(O-acetyl)D-serine methylester)methylene]
NiCl 2 6H2O
Chloroform
- 29.3
Poly[(D-alanyl-(Af(Im)4osyl)L-histidyl-(0-acetyl)L-serine methylester)methylene]
NiCl 2 6H 2 O
Chloroform
-8.0
Poly [ ((S)( 1 -benzylethyl)imino)methylene]
NiCl 2 -6H 2 O
Methanol
RT
15 (La] 578 )
PolyL(((5)l-(ferf-butoxycarbonyl)-2-methylpropyl)imino)methylene]
NiCl 2
45
32.5
Poly[((S)( 1 -carbethoxyethyl)imino)methylene]
NiCl 2 6H 2 O
RT
-280(La] 5 7 8 )
Poly [(((1S ,2S) 1 -carbomethoxy-2-methylbutyl)imino)methy lene]
NiCl 2
45
-32.2
Poly[((S)( )a-cyclohexylethylimirio)methylene]
NiCl 2 -6H 2 O
Neat
65
-295
Poly[(((S)2,2-dimethyl-13-dioxolane-4-yl)methylimino)methylene]
NiCl 2 6H 2 O
RT
68.5(La] 546 )
Poly [(((R) 1,2-dimethylpropyl)imino)methylene]
NiCl 2 -6H 2 O
Methanol
RT
16.7(La] 578 )
Poly[((/?)(2-(diphenyl phosphinyl)propyl)imino)methylene]
NiCl 2 -6H 2 O
Methanol
RT
-338(La] 578 )
PoIyK(SX 1 -ethyl-2-propenyl)imino)methylene]
NiCl 2 -6H 2 O
Methanol
RT
29(La] 578 )
PoIyK(SX 1 -ethyl-2-propynyl)imino)methylene]
NiCl 2 -6H 2 O
Methanol
RT
-HO(La] 5 7 8 )
PolyL(((S)l-(isopropyloxycarbonyl)-2-methylpropyl)imino)methylene]
NiCI 2
5
-24
Poly[((-)menthylimino)methyleneJ
NiCl 2 -6H 2 O
Methanol
65
-207
Poly [(((S) 1 -(methoxycarbonyl)-2-methylpropyl)imino)methylene]
NiCl2
RT
-UO
Poly[((/?)3-methyl-2-butyl)imino)methylene]
NiCl 2 -6H 2 O
Methanol
RT
-16.7 ([a]578)
Poly[((i?)4-methyl-2-pentyl)imino)methylene]
NiCl 2 6H2O
RT
62([aJ 578 )
Poly[((/?)2-octylimino)methylene]
NiCl 2 -6H 2 O
Methanol
RT
34 (M 578 )
Poly[(d-a-phenylethylimino)methylene]
DBP-O2
Heptane
60
365
Poly[(l-a-phenylethylimino)methylene]
H 2 SO 4 -O 2
Heptane
50
-382
NiCl 2 -6H 2 O
0-5
-350 (M 578 )
20
230
Chloroform-methanol (5:2)
(P); chloroform (M)
20
230
Chloroform
20-22
132
Chloroform
20
236
Chloroform
20-22
132
Chloroform
20
236
THF (P); hexane (MC)
24 (P); 20 (MC) 209
38.5(M)(La] 5 4 6 )
Dioxane
25
227
-24.2 (M) (La) 578 )
Chloroform
22
236
(M)
9.2 (M)
22(LM] 5 7 8 )
48.7(LaJ 5 7 8 )
70.6(M)(LM] 5 7 8 )
29.5 (M)
-355([M] 578 )
16.7 (LaJ 578 )
21.2(M)(LM] 5 7 8 )
35.0 (M)
27.4 (MC)
-910([M] 578 )
13.1 (La]578)
35.3 (M) ([M]578)
Chloroform
20-22
132
27.6(LM] 578 )
95 (La] 578 )
90.2 (M) ([M]578)
20
132
-102(LM] 5 7 8 ) -12.8 ([a]578)- 11.9(M)(LM] 5 7 8 )
20-22
132
Chloroform
20
236
Hexane
25 (P); 20 (MC) 209
Chloroform
20
236
- 16.2 (LM] 578 ) -24.2(La] 578 )- 23.5(M)(LM] 5 7 8 )
Chloroform
22
131
68.9([MJ 578 )
-61.9 (La] 578 )- 68.8(M)(LM] 578 )
Chloroform
22
131
47.3 ([M]578)
-47.6
Chloroform
22
131
Toluene
27
39
Toluene
Chloroform (P); methanol (M)
27
20
39
132
n-Heptane (P); neat (MC)
25
133
-68.8(M)
Chloroform
20
197
5.90 (M)
Chloroform
20
197
32.7 (M)
- 106.4 (MC)
5.5 (M)
(La] 578 )- 66.3(M)(LM] 5 7 8 )
37.2 (M)
-458([M] 578 )
- 35.8 (M)
-40.9
-179.7(M)
55.0(M)(LM] 578 )
POLY(ALKYNES)
Poly[(S)3,4-dimethyl-1 -pentyne]
Al(Z-C 4 H 9 ) 3/Fe(AcAc) 3
n-Heptane
Poly [p-(L-( - )-menthoxycarbonyl)phenylacety lene]
[Rh(norbornadiene)Cl] 2
Triethylamine
Poly [/?-((-f )-2-methylbutoxy)phenylacetylene]
[Rh(norbornadiene)Cl] 2
Triethylamine
20-35
RT
RT
42.2 (MC)
470
-605
19.2
6-IIA 3^d S90U3J9J9H
1.8.
Chloroform -methanol (5 :2)

(P); chloroform (M)
-2.1
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Poly [(S)4-methyl-1 -hexyne]
Al(Z-C 4 H 9 ) 3/Fe(AcAc) 3
AlO-C 4 H 9 ) 3/Fe(AcAc) 3
Poly[(S)5-methyl-1 -heptyne]
Al(I-C 4 Hg) 3 ZFe(AcAc) 3
Poly[(5)6-methyl-1 -octynej
Al(i-C 4 H 9 ) 3 ZFe(AcAc)3
Poly [(S)3-methyl-1 -pentynej
Al(Z-C 4 H 9) 3/Fe(AcAc) 3
Solvent
T(0C)
Isooctane
w-Heptane
20-30
20-35
^-Heptane
Polymer (P) values

WD
[M] D

MD
[M]D

Solvent
T( 0 C)
Refs.
-10.6
- 3.0 (MC)
Isooctane
>2-Heptane (P); neat (MC)
25
25
133
20-35
-146
12.2(MC)
n-Heptane (P); neat (MC)
25
133
n- Heptane
20-35
-34
13.7(MC)
rc-Heptane (P); neat (MC)
25
133
/7-Heptane
20-35
498
32.1 (MC)
/i-Heptane (P); neat (MC)
25
133
THF (P); ethanol (M)

THF (P)
THF (P)
25(P)
25(P)
25(P)
-2.97 (MC)
-22.9
1.9. POLY(MALEIMIDES) AND RELATED POLYMERS

Poly(AMx>myl maleimide)
BPO
THF
50
AIBN
THF
50
n-BuLi
THF
50
Poly[A^(cholesteroxycarbonylmethyl)maleimide]
AIBN
THF
70
-BuLi
THF
0
Poly(/V-maleoyl-L-alanine)
AIBN
THF
60
Poly(/V-maleoyl-L-phenylalanine)
AIBN
THF
60
Poly[7V-maleoyl-L-phenylalanine ethyl esterj
AIBN
Dioxane
60
BuLi
THF
0
Poly[Ar-((N/-((Z?)-a-methylbenzyl)aminocarbonyl)methyl)maleimideJ
AIBN
DCM
70
Polyt/V^./V'^^-a-methylbenzyOaminocarbonyl-fz-pentyl) maleimide]
AIBN
Dioxane
60
Poly[Ar-(4^/-((/?)-a-methylbenzyl)aminocarbonylphenyl)maleimideJ
AIBN
THF
50
rc-BuLi
THF
0
Poly[A^-(4-A^'-((5)-a-methylbenzyl)aminocarbonylpheny))ma]eimideJ
AIBN
THF
50
Poly[W<N^(/?)-a-methylbenzyl)aminocarbonylundecyl)maleimide]
AIBN
Dioxane
60
Poly(A^-a-methylbenzyl citraconimide)
AIBN
Benzene
50
Poly(iV-a-methylbenzyl maleimide)
AIBN
THF
50
Poly[N-(2-phenyl-l -phenyloxycarbonyl)ethyl maleimide]
AIBN
Benzene
60
/2-BuLi
Toluene
0
43
8.4
10.1
-9.1
-9.6(M)
-9.6(M)
-9.6(M)
-25.9
-37.1
- 26.8 (MC)
- 26.8 (MC)
THF
THF
RT
RT
203
-42.1
-49.9(MC)
THF
25
201
-144.1
-138.3(MC)
THF
25
201
- 120.0
- 222.0
-136.3(MC)
-136.3 (MC)
THF
THF
25
25
252
59.9
115.5 (MC)
THF
25
200
50.1
56.6 (MC)
THF
25
183
-141.4
-78.0
- 26.9 (MC)
- 26.9 (MC)
THF
THF
25
25
192
163.4
28.9 (MC)
THF
25
206
44.6
44.8 (MC)
THF
25
183
56.7
55.3 (MC)
THF
25
233
11.1-13.0
57.9 (M)
THF
25
137
-69.7
-65.2
-106.8(MC)
-106.8 (MC)
THF
THF
25
25
187
1.10.
OTHERCOMPOUNDS
Poly [(2,2/-bis(hexyloxy)-1,1 '-binaphthyl-6,6 '-ylene)-1,4-phenylenevinylene-1,4-phenylenevinylene-1,4-phenylene]

Pd(PPh 3 )4
THF/K2CO3(aq.)
-351
35.6 (M)
Poly(bis-2-methylbutyl itaconate)
4.92
4.97 (M)
RT
5.57 (M)
4.75
BPO
40-85
PoIy[A/ 3-( 1,2-diethoxycarbonylethyl)ureidoethylene]
24.3
63.1
43.5 (M)
AJBN
Benzene
60
31.7
82.0
43.5 (M)
PoIy[N3 -(1,3-diethoxycarbonylpropyl)ureidoethyleneJ
21.6(M)
AIBN
Benzene
60
7.83
21.3
Poly[(/?)3,7-dimethyloctanal divinylacetal]
AIBN
80
3.18
7.19
2.48 (MC)
BF 3 OEt 2
-78
-6.78
-14.32
2.48 (MC)
PoIy[Af3 -(1 -ethoxycarbonyl-3-methylbutyl)ureidoethylene]
AIBN
Benzene
60
0.5
t.l
20.3 (M)
Poly(ethylidene-l-propenylidene) (from (#)2,3-pentadiene)
7i-allyl-Ni-iodide
- 20
-232.10
-47.39 (M)
Poly(L-menthyloxycarbonylaminoethylene)
AIBN
95
AIBN
Benzene
60
y-ray
Benzene
22
tert-BuOOH
SO2
-25
Poly[Ar-(4-Af/-((/?)-a-methylbenzyl)aminocarbonylphenyl)itaconimide]
AIBN
THF
60
Poly[( - )3-((3-styryloxy)menthane]
BF 3 OEt 2
DCM
-72
Poly[iV-(/?-(/?-tolylsulfinyl)phenyl)-2,5-dioxo-pyrrolidin-3,4-diyl]
BPO
THF
60
Poly(m-tolyl vinyl sulfoxide)
rc-BuLi/(- )-sparteine
Toluene
- 78
Poly(/7-tolyl vinyl sulfoxide)
rc-BuMgBr
THF
30
Poly[(S) Af-vinyl-3-methyl-2-pyrrolidone]
AIBN
Water
95
TABLE 2.
-60.4
-60.4
-58.5
-66.2
-136.0
-136.0
-131.8
- 79.9 (M)
- 79.9 (M)
- 79.9 (M)
- 79.9 (M)
166
THF (P); DMSO (M)
112.5 (M)
112.5 (M)
58.9 (M)
46.3 (M)
-179.7 (M)
- 179.7 (M)
- 179.7 (M)
- 179.7 (M)
15
16
Heptane
20
Dioxane
Benzene
25
25
38
Benzene
25
38
Chloroform
Chloroform
25
25
72
Benzene
25
38
Carbon tetrachloride (P);

neat (M)
25
243
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
25
25
25
25
38
52.1
-23.8(MC)
THF
25
191
- 114
- 15.9 (M)
THF
25(P)
122
-22.0
- 25.9 (M)
Chloroform
20
135
311
486 (M)
194
443 (M)
Acetone
23
134
28
69.3 (M)
Methanol (P); benzene (M)
25
136
246
MAIN-CHAIN ACYCLIC HETROATOM POLYMERS
Polymer Polymerization system

Catalyst or Initiator
2.1. POLY(OXIDES)
Poly[(/?)( + )citronellal]
Al(i-C 4 H 9 )3
n-BuLi
BF 3 OEt 2
Polymer (P) values

T (0C)
Solvent
Ether
rt-Hexane
Ether
-78
78
-78
WD
[M] D
-82.7 to -90.1-127 to -139

-91.1
-140
-89.5
-138

HD
[M]D
11.2(MC)
11.2(MC)
11.2(MC)

Solvent
Chloroform
Chloroform
Chloroform
T (0C)
25
25
25
Refs.
44
TABLE 2.
confd
Polymer (P) values

Poly(D-oxy-2,3-dimethylethylene)
AlO-C4H9) 3/H2O
Solvent
n-Heptane
Poly[(/?)( + )oxy-5-methoxy-3-methyl-hexylidene]
ZnEt 2
n-Hexane
Poly[(/?)oxy-2-methylbutylidene]
ZnEt2
n-Hexane
Poly[( + )oxy-l-methyl-2-carbomethoxyethylene]
BF3 OEt3/AlEt3
Poly[oxymethylene-(/?,/?)-dibenzo-19-crown-6]
KOH
DMSO
Poly [oxymethylene-(S,S)-dibenzo-19-crown-6]
KOH
DMSO
Poly(L-oxypropylene)
KOH
T( 0 C)
[M] D
[M]D
58.8 (M)
-78
52.8
2.47 (M)
8.24 (MC)

Solvent
T( 0 C)
Refs.
Benzene or chloroform (P);

neat (M)
25
47
Chloroform
25
45
-75
36.7
-75
36.7
30.7 (M)
Chloroform
25
45
25
- 36.9
24.6 (M)
DCM (P); neat (M)
25
48
1.22 (M) ([a]435)
Chloroform
25 (P); 24 (M)
208
Chloroform
25 (P); 28 (M)
208
Benzene (P); ether (M)

Chloroform (P)
Benzene (P)
Chloroform (P)
Cyclohexane (P); neat (M)
Benzene (P)
Benzene (P); ethyl ether (M)
Dibutyl ether (P)
20 (P); 21 (M)
20(P)
20(P)
20(P)
25
25
25 (P); 27 (M)
25(P)
46
Chloroform
Chloroform
25
20
51
175
Cyclohexane
Chloroform
20 (P); 25 (M)
52
140
DCM (P); chloroform (M)
20 (P); 25 (M)
140
TFEL
25
49
Benzene
25
49
TFEL
25
53
TFEL (P); chloroform (M)
25
53
TFEL (P1MC);
chloroform (M)
25
53
Fuming sulfuric acid
25
237
RT
RT
-6.0(M435)
-1.07 (M) ([a]435)
RT
-165
255
-205
25 5
24.9
-32.0
15(M)
15(M)
15(M)
15 (M)
11.55(M)
11.55(M)
15.0 (M)
15.0(M)
FeCl 3 -monomer
Ether
RT
ZnEt2/CH3OH
Benzene
33
Ferric acetate hydroxide
Heptane
70
2.2.
WD

-9.50
7.36
138
139
POLY(ESTERS)
Poly[L( )oxycarbonylethylidene]
175-195 -153.3(M 578 )
ZnCl 2
Heptane
-275.8 (M) (M578)
- 19.2 (M)
Pyridine
Pyridine
20
- 140.0
Poly(L-oxycarbonylisobutylidene)
-50(MC)
180-190
ZnO
-20
- 256(M)
-67
180-190
ZnO
Poly(L-a-oxycarbonylisopentylidene)
- 226 (M)
175
-50
ZnO
Poly[(/?)( -f )oxycarbonyl-3-methylhexamethylene]
0.94 (M)
215
8.55
Sb2O3/Zn(CH3COO)2
Poly [(/?)(-)oxycarbonyl-3-methylhexamethyleneJ
215
-0.96(M)
3.36
Sb2O 3/Zn(CH3COO) 2
Poly[(/?)(- )oxycarbonyl-2-methylpentamethylene] (Poly [(/?)(- )-(3-methylcaprolactone])
A10-C 4 H 9 ) 3 /H 2 O
Benzene
50
32.57 (M450)
29.78 (MC) (M350)
Poly[(/?)oxycarbonyl-3-rnethylpentamethylene]
AlO-C 4 Hg) 3 ZH 2 O
Benzene
50
26.95 (M450)
51.77 (M)
Poly[(/?)oxycarbonyl-4-methylpentamethylene]
A10-C4H9)3/H2O Benzene
50
8.78 (M450)
- 15.91 (MC) (M350)
-36.11 (M)
Poly[oxycarbonyl-1,4-phenylene-oxyterephthaloyloxy-1,4-phenylene-carbonyloxy-OS1) 1 -methylethylene]
EDC
Reflux
42
22.3 (M)
Poly[oxycarbonyl-1,4-phenylene-oxyterephthaIoyloxy-1,4-phenylene-carbonyloxy-1,2-bis(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-yl)ethyleneJ
DCM
85
228
4.0 (M)
Poly(D-oxycarbonylpropylene)
AIEt 3
Ether
RT 19 (LaJ 300 )
Natural polymer
44 ([a] 3Oo)
Poly(oxycarbonyl-1,2,3-trimethoxytetramethylene) (Poly(2,3,4-trimethyl-1 -arabonolactone))
CH3COC1/HC1
RT 39 QaJ 546 )
203.5 (M) (LaJ 546 )
Poly[oxyisophthaloyloxy-(2-acetamide-1 -phenyl)trimethylene]
Chloroform
60
- 30.8
24.9 (M)
Poly foxy terephthaloyloxy-( 1 /?,3/?)-1,3-dimethyltrimethyleneJ
EDC
82 -295
-136(MC)
Poly[oxyterephthaloyloxy-( 1 -methyl-3-oxo)trimethylene-oxyethyleneoxy-(3-methyl-1 -oxo)trimethylene-oxycarbony IJ
DCM
Reflux -62
-41.8(M)
Dioxane (P); methanol (M)
25
Chloroform
Chloroform
226
50
Benzene
21
54
DMF (P); methanol (M)
25
167
Chloroform
25
202
Chloroform
25
189

25
25
142
Benzene
25
232
DMF
24 (M)
143
2.3. POLY(SULFIDES), POLY(THIOESTERS)

Poly(terf~butyl thiirane)
tert-BnOK
DMSO
RT
ZnEt 2
Toluene
RT
Poly [thio-1 -(yV-^j^c-butyl-^-methylaminomethyOethyleneJ
ZnEt2/methanol
RT
PolyL(5)thio(carbonyl)-l-(p-chlorobenzenesulfonamide)ethyleneJ
PhCH2SH
DMF
25
Poly[(/?)thio(carbonyl)-1 -methyl-1 -ethylethylenej
Tetrabutylammonium versatate 100
Poly[(1S)thio(carbonyl)-l-(/?-methyloxybenzenesulfonamide)ethyleneJ
PhCH2SH
DMF
25
Poly[(/?)(-)thiocarbonyl-3-methylpentamethyleneJ
-BuLi
RT
PolyL(/?)( + )thiocarbonyl-2-methylpentamethylene]
AZ-BuLi
190
PolyL(5)thio(carbonyl)-1 -(p-nitrobenzenesulfonamide)ethylenej
PhCH2SH
DMF
25
Poly[thio(carbonyl)-1 -tosylaminoethylenej
PhCH2SH
DMF
25
112
PolyL(- )thiopropylenej
BF 3 OEt 2
KOH
DCM
-
15
268
231-240
- 39.0 (M)
- 39.0 (M)
26.1
- 85.52
- 11.08 (M)
151.7
56.9 (M)
Benzene
23 (P); 26 (M)
141
- 92.44
25.25 (M)
DMF
20(M)
143
-5.39
-3.21 (M)
Dioxane
25
57
15.66
18.62
9.03 (M)
Dioxane
THF
25
25
57
-100.25
-46.01 (M)
DMF
28 (M)
-90.6
-80.6
19.87 (M)
19.87 (M)
DMF
DMF
-62.8
- 126.9
-189
-159
-32.6 (M)
32.6 (M)
- 35 (MC)
- 35 (MC)
DCM
Chloroform
Chloroform
Benzene (P)
143
143
22
22
18(P); 20(MC)
18(P)
55
56
2.4. POLY(URETHANES), POLY(UREAS)

2.4.1. POLY(URETHANES)
Poly[oxycarbonylimino-(l-ethoxycarbonyl)pentamethyleneiminocarbonyloxyethyleneJ
Neat 140-160
-12
Poly[oxycarbonylimino-(L)2-isobutylethylene-ureylene-(L)l-isobutylethylene)J
Na 2 CO 3
H2O/THF
<0
-48.2
Poly[oxycarbonylimino-(L)2-isobutylethyIene-ureyIene-(L)l-isopropylethylene)J
Na 2 CO 3
H2O/THF
<0
-27.2
PolyLoxycarbonylimino-(L)2-isobutylethylene-ureylene-(L)l-methylethylene)J
Na 2 CO 3
H2O/THF
<0
-19.2
174
DMSO
Methanol
20
63
Methanol
20
63
Methanol
20
63
TABLE 2.
cont'd
Polymer
Solvent J( 0 C)
[a]D
Polymer (P) values

[M]D

MD
[M] D
Polyfoxycarbonyliminomethylene-1,3-phenylenemethy lene-urey lene-( 1 -(methoxymethyl)-2-phenyl)ethyleneJ

Dibutyltin dilaurate DMSO
80
20.48
15.20 (MC)
Poly[oxycarbonyliminomethylene-l,3-(I,5,5-trimethyl)cyclohexylene-iminocarbonyloxy-2,3-bornanediyl]
Methyl ethyl ketone 80
- 7.4
- 11.67 (MC)
Poly[oxycarbonylimino-(D)2-methylethylene-ureylene-(L)l-isobutylethylene)J
Na 2 CO 3
H2O/THF
<0
-54.7
Poly[oxycarbonylimino-(L)2-methylethylene-ureylene-(L)l-isobutylethylene)J
Na 2 CO 3
H2O/THF
<0
-47.9
Poly[oxycarbonylimino-(D)2-methylethyiene-ureylene-(L)l-isopropylethylene)]
Na 2 CO 3
H2O/THF
<0
-53.2
Poly[oxycarbonylimino-(L)2-methylethylene-ureylene-(L)l-isopropylethylene)j
Na 2 CO 3
H2O/THF
<0
-26.0
Poly[oxycarbonylimino-(D)2-methylethylene-ureylene-(L)I-methylethylene)J
Na 2 CO 3
H2O/THF
<0
- 16.0
Poly[oxycarbonylimino-(L)2-methylethylene-ureylene-(L)l-methylethylene)]
Na 2 CO 3
H2O/THF
<0
-50.0
Poly[oxycarbonylimino-1,4-phenylenemethylene-1,4-phenylene-ureylene-( l-(methoxymethyl)-2-phenyl)ethyleneJ
- 8.72 (MC)
Dibutyltin dilaurate DMSO
80
-14.40
Poly[oxycarbonylimino-2,4-toluyleneiminocarbonyloxy-(2-acetamide-l-phenyl)trimethylenej
Chloroform
75
-20.6
-38.6 (MC)
Poly[oxycarbonylimino-2,4-toluyleneiminocarbonyloxy-2,3-bornanediylJ
Methyl ethyl ketone 80
- 27.6
- 14.8 (MC)
2.4.2. POLY(UREAS)
Poly[((/?)5-ethyl-l,3-diazolidin-2-one-l,3-diyl)ethyleneoxyethylene]
Methyl iodide
Benzonitrile
150
-19.4
Poly[((/?)5-ethyl-1,3-diazolidin-2-one-1,3-diyl)methylene-1,2-phenylenemethylenej
Methyl iodide
Benzonitrile
150
-28.0
Poly[((/?)5-ethyl-l,3-diazolidin-2-one-l,3-diyl)tetramethyleneJ
Methyl iodide
Benzonitrile
150
-54.0
PoIy[((S)5-isopropyl-1,3-diazolidin-2-one-1,3-diyl)tetramethylene]
Methyl iodide
Benzonitrile
150
-40.5
Poly [((S)5-phenylmethyl-1,3-diazolidin-2-one-1,3-diy l)tetramethylenej
Methyl iodide
Benzonitrile
150
-71.4
2.5.

Solvent
T( 0 C)
Refs.
DMSO
25
168
DMF
30
216
Methanol
20
63
Methanol
20
63
Methanol
20
63
Methanol
20
63
m-Cresol
20
63
m-Cresol
20
63
DMSO
25
168
DMF
25
167
DMF
30
216
39.4 (M)
Chloroform
24
250
32.1 (M)
Chloroform
24
250
38.8 (M)
Chloroform
24
250
- 34.4 (M)
Chloroform
24
250
32.0 (M)
Chloroform
24
250
POLY(AMIDES)
Poly [iminocarbonyl-l,2-(3,4-bis(2-hydroxypheny l))cy clobutylenecarbonyliminohexamethylene]

DMAc
80
-241
Poly(iminocarbonyl-l,2-(3,4-bis(2-hydroxyphenyl))cyclobutyienecarbonylimino-i,4-phenyleneJ
DMAc
80
- 358
Polyfiminocarbonyl-l,2-(3,4-bis(2-methoxyphenyl))cyclobutylenecarbonyliminohexamethylenej
Benzyltriethylammonium chloride 1.OM NaOH/chloroform RT
70.3
Polyjiminocarbonyl-1,2-(3,4~bis(2-methoxyphenyl))cyclobutylenecarbonylirnino-1,4-phenylenej
Benzyltriethylammonium chloride 1.0MNaOH/chloroform RT
5.7
Poly(/ra$-iminocarbonyl-1,2-cyclohexyIene)
Triethyiamine
DMF
60
75.2-84.8
-295 (MC)
DMAc
235
- 456 (MC)
DMAc
235
-81.0 (MC)
m-Cresol
20
218
- 32.7 (MC)
DMAc
20
218
- 60.0 (MC)
DCA (P); ethanol (M)
20
144
Poly [iminocarbonyl-( 15,25) 1,2-rrans-cyc!ohexylene-carbonylirninoethylene]

DMAc
56.5
Poly[iminocarbonyl-( 15,25) 1,2-fratts-cyclohexylene-carbonylimino-1,4-phenylene]
DMAc
239
Poly[imino-((25,35)-2,3-dimethoxytetramethylene)-imino-(l,4-dioxotetramethylene)]
Chloroform
50
-14.1
Poly [irnino-( 1,5-dioxohexamethylene)imino-( 1 R,2R) 1,2-rra$-cyclohexylene]
DMAc
65.4
PoIy[iminoethy!ideneimino-(2,3-dimethoxy-l,4-dioxo)tetramethyleneJ
Chloroform
RT
175.2
Poly[threo-imino-( 1 -oxo-2,3-dimethyltrimethylene)J
AT-Pyrrolidone
DMSO
25
-25.0
Poly[(5)imino-( 1 -oxo-3-ethyltrimethylene)] (Poly[(5)p-aminovalerate])
AT-Pyrrolidone
DMSO
25
-32.7
PoIyK- )imino-(l-oxo-3-methylhexamethylene)]
H2O
200
39.7
NaH
160
43.07
Poly[( 4- )imino-(l-oxo-4-methylhexamethylene)j
NaH
150
19.24
Poly[( -I- )imino-(l-oxo-5-methylhexamethylene)j
NaH
194
25.15
Poly[( -f )imino-( 1 -oxo-3-methyl-6-isopropylhexamethylene)]
^-C6H5COCl
150
9.5
Poly[(5)imino-( 1 -oxo-3-methyltrimethylene)] (Poly[(5)-P-aminobutyrate])
tf-Pyrrolidone
DMSO
25
-9.3
DCA (P); acetone (M)
25 (P); 20 (M)
221
19.4(M)
DCA (P); acetone (M)
25 (P); 20 (M)
221
- 8.2 (M)
Formic acid (P);

chloroform (M)
23
184
- 33.4 (M)
DCA (P); water (M)
25 (P); 20 (M)
221
- 38.25 (M)
Formic acid (P);

chloroform (M)
23
199
-50.6(M)
TFA (P); neat (M)
25
62
- 2.4 (M)
DCA (P); neat (M)
25
62
Cresol (P); water (M)

Cresol (P); water (M)
25
25
59,60
TFEL
25
TFEL
25
- 53.6 (M)
Formic acid
19
- 8.3 (M)
- 8.3 (M)
- 8.3 (M)
TCA (P); neat (M)

DCA (P)
TCA-chlorobenzene (P)
25
25
25
62
25(M)
DCA (P); neat (M)
25
62
-33.4(M)
DCA (P); water (M)
25 (P); 20 (M)
THF
21
-36.15 (M)
-36.15 (M)
61
61
61
58
-26.1
-33.5
Poly t(/?)imino-( 1 -oxo-3-vinyltrimethylene)]

tf-Pyrrolidone
DMSO
25
-19.5
Poly [iminoterephthaloylimino-( 1 R,2R) 1,2-fra/w-cyclohexylene]
DMAc
Poly[(-f)iminoterephthaloylimino-2,8-naphthylene-8,2-naphthyleneJ
19.4 (M)
-211
66.6 (MC) ([a]578)

-15(M 5 7 8 )
Poly[methyliminocarbonyl-l,2-(3,4-bis(2-hydroxyphenyl))cyclobutylenecarbonyl-methylimino-hexamethylene]
DMAc
80
-437
Poly[A^-(phenylethylidene)iminoethylene-A^-(phenylethylidene)iminoterephthaloyl]
-74 ([a]289) -294 (M 289 )
Poly[A/-(phenylethylidene)iminohexamethylene-N-(phenylethylidene)iminodipicolinoyl]
-139(M 289 ) -610(M 2 8 9 )
PoIy[1,4-piperazinediylcarbonyl-1,2-(3,4-bis(2-hydroxyphenyl))cyclobutylenecarbonyl]
DMAc
80
116
Poly[ 1,4-piperazinediylcarbonyl-1,2-(3,4-bis(2-methoxyphenyl))cyclobutylenecarbonyl]
Benzyltriethylammonium chloride 1.0 M NaOH/chloroform RT
- 40.7
- 83.0 (MC)
O2N NO2
H3C
CH3
(- ) R = 1,2-phenylene
( + ) R = 1,3-phenylene
( + ) R = 1,4-phenylene
- 4.94
- 0.50
6.53
- 474 (MC)
-391 (MC)
221
71
235
DMAc
20
70
20
70
235
DMAc
DMAc
20
218
5% LiCl-DMF
5% LiCl-DMF
5% LiCl-DMF
20
20
20
73
73
73
TABLE 2.
confd
Polymer
T (0C)
Solvent
(-) R = 1,2-pyrazolidene
(- ) R = 2,5-dimethyl-l ,4-piperazinediyl
Cl
Polymer (P) values

[M]D
[M]0

Solvent
r(C)
Refs.
5.4
TFEL
20
73
28.0
TFEL
20
73
5% LiCl-DMF
5% LiCl-DMF
5% LiCl-DMF
TFEL
TFEL
TFEL
20
20
20
20
20
20
73
73
73
73
73
73
25
229
Chloroform(P); ethylether (M) 25
228
Chloroform
25
64
TFA
25
182
Chloroform
25
65
Cl
+COHQMQ)- CONH-R-NHi1
CH3 CH3
(-) R=l,2-phenylene
(-) R=l,3-pnenylene
( ) R = 1,4-phenyiene
(-) R = 1,2-piperazinediyl
( ) R = 1,4-piperazinediyl
(-) R = 2,5-dimethyl-1,4-piperazinediyl
2.6.
-19.6
-19.4
-18.2
-6.7
-10.0
-6.7
POLY(ISOCYANATES)
Poly [((R) 1 -deuterio-1 -hexyl)iminocarbonyl]

NaCN
DMF
- 58
Poly[(((S)2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-yl)methyl)iminocarbonyl]
NaCN
DMF
- 65
Poly((5)( + )Ar-(2-methylbutyl)iminocarbonyl]
NaCN
DMF
- 75
Poly[AH3-methyl-1 -carbomethoxybutyl)iminocarbonyl]
Methyllithium
DMF
- 50
Poly [d- Af-(phenylpropyl )i minocarbony 1 ]
NaCN
DMF
RT
2.7.
-367
0.65 (M)
-311 (M546)
-21.1 (M)(M 546 )
160
180.8
3.08 (M)
- 6 (MC)
- 10.3 (MC)
62
-468.0
- 754.8
35(M)
114.4(MC)
44.8 (M)
POLY(IMINES)
Poly(D-conidine)
BF 3 OEt 2
Ether
Poly(L-conidine)
BF 3 OEt 2
Ether
Poly[(S)decyliminoisobutylethyIene]
BF 3 OEt 2
Neat
Poly[(/?)ethyliminoethylethylene]
BF 3 OEt 2
Neat
Polyfimino-1 -butyl-(/?)2-ethylethyleneJ
BF 3 OEt 2
Poly [imino-1 -(/?)2-diethylethylene]
BF 3 OEt 2
Poly[(/?)imino-2-ethylethylene]
BF 3 OEt 2
-
RT
- 140.8
71.7(M)
Chloroform
69
RT
140.8
-71.0(M)
Chloroform
69
-78
-68.6
17.9 (M)
-78
155.13
-41.80(M)
98-100
137.66
2.73 (M)
Benzene (P); ethanol (M)
98-100
155.13
-20.33(M)
Dioxane (P); ethanol (M)
25
100
-127.4
17.6(M)
23 (P); 18(M)
19-21
173
Dioxane (P); methanol (M)
25
234
145
145
67
AlCl3
From (/?)-2-amino-1 -bromobutane
Poly[imino-(/?)2-ethyl-1 -pentylethylene]
BF 3 OEt 2
Poly(imino-N-formyl-isopropylethylene)
Methyl triflate
Acetonitrile
BF 3 OEt 2
Acetonitrile
Poly(imino-ALformyl-propyIene)
Ethyl trifluoromethane-sulfonate Acetonitrile
Dimethyl sulfate
Poly[(S)iminoisobutyIethyIene]
BF 3 OEt 2
Poly(iminoisopropylethylene)
BF 3 OEt 2
Poly [imino-(S)A^-1 -methylbenzylethylene]
BF 3 OEt 2
Poly(D-iminopropylene)
BF 3 OEt 2
Poly(L-iminopropylene)
BF 3 OEt 2
Poly[(S)methyliminoisobutylethylene]
BF 3 OEt 2
Neat
2.8.
100
- 108.9
- 109.2
17.6 (M)
Benzene (P)
Benzene
98-100
132.39
4.16 (M)
80
80
1993
86.8
-130.5(M)
- 130.5 (M)
80
120
130
107
80-100
16(P)
16
145
Chloroform (P); ethanol (M)

Chloroform (P)
25
25
146
- 148 (M)
14.4 (M)
Methanol (P); ethanol (M)

H 2 O (P); neat (M)
25 (P); 30 (M)
20
148
149
66.7
- 24.6 (M)
Benzene
20 (P); 32 (M)
68
80
82.8
-27.1 (M)
Ethanol
24
146
0-60
7.09
-8.15
-81.8(M)
-81.8(M)

Chloroform (P)
20
20
147
80
-101.5
12.4 (M)
22
66
80
109.3
- 12.8 (M)
22
66
-78
- 163.5
33.7 (M)
19-21
25 (Form I)
- 175 (Form U)
90% HCOOH
90% HCOOH after 6 h
25
25
31 (W 546)
159 (M546)
DCA
10% DCA-90% EDC
25
25
173
POLY(AMINOACIDS)
Poly(6>-acetyl-L-hydroxyproline)
NCA
Pyridine
Poly(O-acetyl-L-serine)
NCA, triethylamine
Nitrobenzene
Poly(L-alanine)
NCA, tributylamine
Benzene-dioxane
21 ([m'] D )
-90([m'] D )
99% CHCI3-1% DCA

TFA
81,84
Poly(D-a-amino-n-butyric acid)
NCA, benzylamine
Nitrobenzene
-19(InV] 0 )
107([m'] D )
90% CHCl 3-10% DCA

TFA
81,84
Poly(L-arginineHCl)
From poly(L-nitroarginine)
Poly(a-L-aspartic acid)
From poly(p-benzyl-L-aspartate)
(NCA, 1200C in vac.)
-21.3
Poly(p-L-aspartic acid)
Active ester method
140
H2O
20
114
85
6.2
c =31 NNaOH
87
-11.2
c =51 NNaOH
88
-14(M 5 4 6 )
-23(M 5 4 6 )
0.2 M NaCl7 pH 2
0.1 M NaCl, pH 4
25
25
89
22
22
86
Poly(p-benzyl-D-aspartate)
NCA, NaOMe
Chloroform
174(M 546 )
19 (M546)
Chloroform
DCA
Poly(P-benzyl-L-aspartate)
NCA, NaOMe
Chloroform
-168(M 5 4 6 )
-18(M 5 4 6 )
Chloroform
DCA
22
86
22
TABLE 2.
confd
Polymer
Poly(y-benzyl-D-glutamate)
NCA, NaOMe
Solvent
T( 0 C)
Chloroform
Chloroform
NCA, NaOMe
NCA, Ni-dl-2-methylbutyrate-n-Bu.^P
NCA, benzylamine
NCA, benzylamine
Poly( 1 -benzyl-L-histidine)
NCA, triethylamine
Triethylamine
NCA, triethylamine
Poly(-yV-carbobenzoxy-L-Jysine)
NCA, NaOMe
Chloroform
Chloroform
Chloroform
Chloroform
Dioxane
30
Dioxane
30
THF
30
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Poly(S-carbobenzoxymethyl-L-cysteine)
NCA, NaOMe
Nitrobenzene
Poly(3,4-dehydro-L-proline)
NCA
Pyridine
WD
[M]D
Solvent
T( 0 C)
Refs.
22
22
86
Hydrazine
TFA
Chloroform
DCA
Chloroform
DCA
DCA (P); ethylacetate (NCA)
Chloroform (P)
Chloroform (P)
20
20
22
22
25
25
20
20
20
20
25
96
11 (W 546 )
-208(LaJ 546 )
-21.1
Chloroform
DCA-CHCl3
Acetic acid
25
25
20
101
5 (IaJ 546 )
-25(IaJ 5 4 6 )
Chloroform
50% CHCl 3 -50% DCA
25
25
84,103
-128(Ia] 546 )
-125(M 5 4 6 )
-33(M 5 4 6 )
0.2 M NaCl, pH 7
0.2 M NaCl, pH 5
0.2 M NaCl, pH 3
25
25
25
90
99% formic acid

TFA
25
25
109
Dioxane-H2O, 0.2 M NaCl,

pH4.7
Dioxane-H2CX 0.2 M NaCl,
pH 6.5
2-Chloroethanol-HoO, 0.1 M
RbCl, pH 5
2-Chloroethanol-H2O, 0.1 M
RbCl, pH 7.5
0.2 M NaCL pH 4.5
22
84,92
-102
0.2 M NaCl, pH 8.0
20
23.6
H2O
23
95
-23.6
H2O
23
95
-30
-46
14(W 546 )
-15(IaJ 5 4 6 )
15
-14
-17.0
15.3
- 17.0
16.0
-15.3
-500
-1250
-77
7
-75
Poly(y-D-glutamic acid)
Active ester method
PolyCy-L-glutamic acid)
Active ester method
WD
Chloroform
DCA
From poly(y-benzyl-L-glutamate)
(NCA, aliphatic amine, DMF)
From poly(y-benzyl-L-glutamate)
(NCA, NaOMe)
[MID

17 (M 546 )
Poly(Y-benzyl-L-glutamate)
NCA
NCA, NaOMe
Polymer (P) values
-6
-17.1 (NCA)
-17.1 (NCA)
-17.1 (NCA)
- 17.1 (NCA)
- 17.6 (NCA)
86,98
86
97
151
152
102
22
84,93
20
84,94
Poly(L-histidine)
From poly(l-benzyl-L-histidine)
(NCA, triethylamine, dioxane)
Poly(L-hydroxyproline)
From poly(O-acetyl
hydroxy-L-proline)
Poly(L-leucine)
NCA, tributylamine
0.2 M NaCl, pH 2.4

0.2 M NaCl, pH 5.85
0.2 M NaCl, pH 6.00
DCA
Acetic acid
25
25
25
25
22
10.1 (LaJ 546 )

-26.5(LaJ 5 4 6 )
-31.4(La] 546 )
DMF
TFEL
DCA
25
25
25
83
H2O
25
no
-65(LaJ 5 4 6 )
Poly(8-hydroxy-O-acetyl-L-oc-aminovaleric acid)
NCA, triethylamine
Nitrobenzene
-400
Benzene
-HI
Poly(L-lysine)
From poly(-/V-carbobenzoxyL-lysine)
Poly(L-lysine hydrochloride)
From poly(e-/V-carbobenzoxyL-lysine)
Poly(L-methionine)
NCA, NaOMe
Nitrobenzene
PoIy(L- methionine-S-carboxyrnethylthetin)
From poly(L-methionine)
Poly(L-methionine-5-rnethylsulfonium bromide)
From poly(L-methionine)
Poly(/V-methyl-L-alanine)
NCA, benzylamine
Poly(Y-methyl-L-glutamate)
NCA
Dioxane
Poly(L-nitroarginine)
NCA
DMF
Poly(y-phthalimidomethyl-L-glutamate)
NCA, triethylamine
Poly(L-pipecolic acid)
NCA, diethylamine
Benzene or dioxane
101
-210([0Cj 546 )
-67(LaJ 5 4 6 )
28 (LaJ 546 )
-20
([m'] D )
Benzene
TFA
102
81,84
81
- 144
H 2 O, pH 7
-35
-51
-77
-108
H2O,
H2O,
H 2 O,
H 2 O,
-78.8
6 N HCl
25
106
24.4(LaJ 546 )
16.8 ([aj 546 )
-115.3(La] 546 )
22(La] 546 )
-107(LaJ 5 4 6 )
90% CHCl 3-10% DCA

DCA
TFA
Chloroform
80% TFA - 20% DCA
25
25
25
107
-44(LaJ 546 )
HCI, H 2 O (pH 1.1-2.0)
25
107
H2O
1OM LiBr
24
24
107
-3.04
TFEL
24
82
-31.3
-76.1
10
DCA
TFA
DMF
25
25
25
99
100
-16.6
DMF
30
85
12.5
DMF
25
91
Acetic acid
Acetic acid after 2 h
25
25
109
-74.3(LaJ 5 4 6 )
-38.6(LaJ 546 )
- 325 (Form I)
- 50 (Form II)
pH
pH
pH
pH
12
10.10
9.98
9.72
105
21.4
23.2
25.6
108
TABLE 2.
confd
Polymer
T (0C)
Solvent
Polymer (P) values

[a] D
[M]0

[1D
MD
Poly(L-proline)
Poly((3-proline)
Triethylamine
DMF
Poly(L-serine)
From poIy(O-acetyl-L-serine)
Poly(6-Ar-trifluoroacetyl-L-lysine)
NCA, diethylamine
DMF
Poly(L-tryptophan)
NCA, diethylamine
Dioxane
Ill
25
150
H2O
1OM LiBr
8 M urea
Hydrazine
DCA
25
25
25
25
25
114
0 (Form i)
-120 (Form U)
Acetic acid
Acetic acid after 3 h
25
110
-6.8 (M 546)
-36.8 ([a]546)
Methanol
DCA
20
20
218 (Ia]546)
343 ([a] 546)
DMF
40% DMF - 60% DCA
20
20
184
73
150
28
8.7
DMF
20% DMF-80% DCA
0.15 MNaCl, pH 10.85
0.15MNaCl, pH 12.27
1 N NaOH
Poly(L-tyrosine)
From poly(O-carbobenzoxy-L-tyrosine) (NCA, 1100C in vac.)
TABLE 3.
Refs.
Chloroform
7.6 (MC)
-22 [a] 546

-7.3 [aj 546
-25.2 M546
-9.3 [a] 546
-9.7 [a] 546
Poly(O-/?~tolylsulfonyloxy-L-proline)
NCA
Pyridine
T(0C)
25
25
-10 to -11
30
Solvent
Acetic acid
Acetic acid
10% Pyridine 90% H 2 O
10% Pyridine after 5Oh
H2O
0.1 M KCl
50 (Form I)
- 540 (Form 11)
48 (Form I)
- 420 (Form II)
33 (Form I)
- 540 (Form II)
NCA, pyridine
112
113
115
116
20
117
POLY(SACCHARIDES)
Polymer (P) values

Solvent
PoIyK 1 ->6)-2,5-anhydro-3,4-di-0-decyl-D-glucitol J
BFvOEt 9
DCM
0
tert-BuOK
THF
60
PoIyK l->6)-2,5-anhydro-3,4-di-<9-ethy]-D-gluritol]
BF 3 OEt 2
DCM
-30
T (0C)
MD
16.0
23.7
32.7
[M] D
MD

[M] D
6.8 (M)
6.8 (M)
54.1 (MC); -5.2(M)

Solvent
T (0C)
Refs.
Chloroform
Chloroform
22
22
211
Chloroform
22
210
Poly[( 1 -^6)-2,5-anhydro-3,4-di-O-methyl-D-glucitol]
tert-BuOK
Toluene
60
KOH
Toluene
60
BF 3 OEt2 (from D-rnannitol)
DCM
0
BF3 OEt2 (from L-iditol)
DCM
0
Poly(2,5-anhydro-3,4-di-O-methyl-r>mannitol)
BF 3 OEt 2
DCM
0
Poly[(l-6)-2,5-anhydro-3,4-di-O-pentyl-D-glucitol]
BF 3 OEt 2
DCM
0
tert-BuOK
THF
60
Poly [a-( 1 >6 ')-anhydro-D-galactopyranose]
From 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl derivative
Poly( 1,6-anhydro- p-D-glucopyranose)
Chloroacetic acid
21 -127
Poly(a-1,6-anhydro-D-mannopyranose)
From 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl derivative
PoIy(Ot-1,6-anhydro-2,3,4-tri-(9-acetyl-p-D-mannopyranose)
PF5
DCM
0
Poly[a(l >6 O-anhydro^^^-tri-O-benzyl-p-D-galactopyranose]
PF5
DCM
-78
Polyfoc-1,6-anhydro-2,3,4-tri-<9-benzyl-p-D-mannopyranose]
PF5
DCM
-78
Poly[l,6-anhydro-2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-p-D-glycopyranose]
BF 3 OEt 2
Toluene
RT
BF 3 OEt 2
Toluene
RT
Poly(D-galactose)
HCl
DMSO
40
Poly(D-glucose)
HCl
DMSO
40
Polyphosphate formamide
50-60
Poly(D-mannose)
HCl
DMSO
40
PoIy(2,3,6-tri-(9-methyl-D~glucose)
HBr-HCl-P2O5 DMSO
RT
Poly(D-xylose)
HCl
DMSO
40
-12.3(M)(M 546 )
-9.8(M)(W 546 )
Chloroform
Chloroform
Chloroform
Chloroform
23
23
22
22
50.2(M 546 )
-9.6 (M) (M546); 44.1 (MC)
Chloroform
22 (P, M); 23 (MC) 214
25.8
32.8
9.3 (M)
9.3 (M)
Chloroform
Chloroform
22
22
211
10% LiOH - 0.5% borate
25
75
H2O
22
77
1%DMSO
30
80
DMSO
30
80
84.5 (M546)
75.5 (M 546)
41.3(M 546 )
43.1 (M546)
207.1
91
122.8
96
212
213
105.1
-46.1 (M)
Chloroform
25
75
57.5
-32(M)
Chloroform
30 (P); 25 (M)
80
199
204
-63.7(M)
-63.7(M)
Chloroform
Chloroform
25 (P); 20 (M)
25 (P); 20 (M)
78
79.1
H2O
20
74
90.3
16
H2O
20
74
76
102.9
H2O
20
74
136.6
Chloroform
20
79
96.1
H2O
20
74
C. OPTICALLY ACTIVE POLYMERS FROM ACHIRAL MONOMERS

TABLE 4.
MAIN-CHAIN ACYCLIC CARBON POLYMERS

Solvent
Polymer (P) Values

T (0C)
WD
[M] D
Origin of optical activity
Solvent
T (0C)
Refs.
4.1. POLY(ACRYLICS) AND RELATED POLYMERS

Poly(JV-acryloylcarbazole)
Fluorenyllithium/(- )-sparteine
Poly(Ar-acryloyliminodibenzyl)
Fluorenyllithium/( )-sparteine
Toluene
Toluene
- 97
97
57.4
Helix-sense asymmetry
Chloroform
25
188
-0.5
Chloroform
25
188
TABLE 4.
confd
Polymer
Solvent
Poly(iV-acryloylphenothiazine)
Toluene
Poly(iV,JV-diphenylacrylamide)
BuLi/(- )-sparteine
Toluene
Toluene
Poly(W,iV-di(2-pyridyl)-acrylamide]
Toluene
Poly[A^-methyl-N-triphenylmethyl-acrylamide]
-BuLi/( )-sparteine
Toluene
Poly( 1 -phenyldibenzosuberyl aery late)
DPEDA-Li/( + )-DBB
Toluene
Poly(N-phenyl-iV-1 -naphthylacrylamide)
BuLi/(- )-sparteine
Toluene
Poly(Af-phenyl-Af-2-naphthyIacrylamide)
BuLi/(- )-sparteine
Toluene
Poly [Af-phenyl-AK 1 -phenylethyl)-acrylamide]
Fluorenyllithium/( )-sparteine
Toluene
Poly(triphenylmethyl acrylate)
DPEDA-Li/( + )l-(2-pyrroliToluene
dinylmethyl)pyrrolidine
4.2.
T(0C)
Polymer (P) Values

WD
[M] D

Solvent
T (0C)
Refs.
-97
8.2
Chloroform
25
188
-96
-97
-44.2 to-50.9
-101
THF
Chloroform
25
25
153
188
-97
-23.7
Chloroform/DC A (22/1)
25
188
-78
-2.4
THF
25
188
-40
-129
Chloroform
25
219
-78
8.7
Toluene
25
153,188
-78
81.7
Toluene
25
153,188
-97
-0.3
THF
25
188
-78
102(M365)
Chloroform
25
186
Miscellaneous
THF
25
164
Miscellaneous
THF
25
164
THF
25
220
Chloroform
25
240
Chloroform
Chloroform after 1 h
60
60
Chloroform
25
240
THF
25
220
90% Chloroform - 10% TFEL 25
155
90% Chloroform - 10% TFEL 25
154
Induced asymmetry
Benzene
162
POLY(METHACRYLICS) AND RELATED POLYMERS
(5)2,3:4,5-bis[ 1,2-(3-methylnaphtho)]-1,6,9,12,15,18-hexaoxacycloeicosa-2,4-diene-A:0-terr-Bu
95% Toluene-5% THF- 78 350 ([a] 578)
Poly(rerr-butyl methacrylate)
(5)2,3:4,5-bis[ 1,2-(3-methylnaphtho)]-1,6,9,12,15,18-hexaoxacycloeicosa-2,4-diene-#0-terr-Bu
95% Toluene-5% THF- 78 117 ([a] 578)
Poly(m-chlorophenyldiphenylmethyl methacrylate)
DPEDA-Li/(-h)-DDB
Toluene
-78
314
Poly(cyclohexyldiphenylmethyl methacrylate)
DPEDA-Li/( + )1 -(2-pyrroToluene
- 78 758 ([a] 365)
lidinylmethyl)pyrrolidine
770(Ia]365)
-480(M 365 )
Poly(cyclopropyldiphenylmethyl methacrylate)
DPEDA-Li/( + )-DDB
Toluene
-78 -44 (M365)
Poly(diphenyl-m-fluorophenylmethyl methacrylate)
DPEDA-Li/( + )-DDB
Toluene
-78
297
Poly(diphenyl-2-pyridylmethyl methacrylate)
DPEDA-Li/(- )-DDB "
Toluene
- 78
-1403 ([a] 365)
Poly(diphenyl-4-pyridylmethyl methacrylate)
BuLi/(- )-sparteine
Toluene
- 78
- 40 ([a] 546)
From poly(methacrylic acid) (potassium persulfate/dextrin, water, 00C)
6.4(M 350 )
25
From poly(methacrylic acid) (potassium persulfate/chitosan, water, 300C)

16.6
(5)2,3:4,5-bis[ 1,2-(3-methylnaphtho)]-1,6,9,12,15,18-hexaoxacycloeicosa-2,4-diene-/ft>-ter/-Bu
95% Toluene-5% THF -78 250 (M57S)
From poly(2,3-O-isopropylidene-l,4-di-O-methacryloyl-L-threitol) (AIBN, toluene, 600C)
-4.3(W 405 )
PoIy(I -phenyldibenzosuberyl methacrylate)
(4- )Menthol/toluene
50
- 200 (W 365)
(-)Menthol/toluene 50 180 (W 365)
Diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate/ Toluene
40
~140([a] 36 5)
(-f- )neomenthanethiol
(-)Dimethyl peroxydicarbonate Toluene
50
40 ([aJ365)
DPEDA-Li/(-)-sparteine
Toluene
-78
1670 (W 365 )
Poly[ 1 -(2-pyridyl)dibenzosuberyl methacrylate]
DPEDA-Li/(- )-sparteine
Toluene
- 78
1290 ([a] 365)
Poly(triphenylmethyl methacrylate)
Li(R)-AK 1 -phenylethyl)anilide
THF
- 78
-104
BuLi/(- )-sparteine Toluene
-78
363
(S)-6-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-1,11 -dimethyl-6?7-dihydro-5H-dibenz[c,e]azepine
Toluene
- 78
373
Poly[tris(m-chlorophenyl)methyl methacrylate]
DPEDA-Li/(-)-DDB
Toluene
-78
-251
Poly[tris(m-tolyl)methyl methacrylate]
DPEDA-Li/(- )-DDB
Toluene
- 78
- 234 (W 546)
4.3.
Chloroform
21
163
Miscellaneous
THF
25
164
Induced asymmetry
Chloroform
20
244
THF
THF
THF
25
25
25
196
196
253
THF
Chloroform
25
25
253
196
Chloroform
25
251
Toluene
Toluene
20
20
156
THF
25
157
THF
25
220
Chloroform
25
220
Induced asymmetry
Benzene
Benzene
18
169
242
Induced asymmetry
Chloroform
20
170
Induced asymmetry
Chloroform
20
170
Induced asymmetry
Chloroform
20
198
Chloroform
20
198
THF
30
179,180
THF
30
179,180
Methanol
25
177
POLY(VINYLETHERS)
Poly(benzofuran)
AlCl3/phenylalanine
Toluene
-75
24-56.7
AlCl3/Et3SnCl/(-)menthoxyToluene
-75
73.8
triethyltin
Poly(a-naphthofuran)
2A1C13/(- )-p-phenylalanine
Toluene
- 75
41
Poly(p-naphthofuran)
2A1C13/(- )-(3-phenylalanine
Toluene
- 75
- 145
Poly(2-phenyl-l,3-dioxane-4,6-diyl) (Poly(benzaldehyde divinyl acetal))
ZnCl 2 OEt 2 /(-h)-10Toluene
0
~17.1 (W435)
camphor-sulfonic acid
ZnCl2OEt2/(-)-10Toluene
0 13.7 (W435)
camphor-sulfonic acid
4.4.
Induced asymmetry
POLY(STYRENES)
Poly(4-iodostyrene)
From copolymer of 3,4-O-cyclohexylidene-D-mannitol-l,2:5,6-bis~O-[(4-vinylphenyl)boronate] and styrene (AIBN, toluene, 60-700C)
0 to 4.5 (W 436) Induced asymmetry
Polystyrene
From copolymer of 3,4-O-cyclohexylidene-D-mannitol-l,2:5,6-bis-O-[(4-vinylphenyl)boronate] and styrene (AIBN, toluene, 60-700C)
-0.5 to -3.5 (W365) Induced asymmetry
4.5.
POLY(DIENES)
Poly (3-carboxy-1 -butenylene)

From poly[l-(d-bomylammonium carboxylate)-l,3-butadiene] (AEBN, methanol, 500C. See Section B. Table 1, 1.6)
0.2
Induced asymmetry
TABLE 4.
confd
Solvent
Polymer (P) Values

T (0C)
WD
[M]0
Solvent
From poly[l-(S(-)a-phenylethylammonium carboxylate)-1,3-butadiene] (AlBN, methanol, 500C. See Section B. Table 1, 1.6)
-4.8
-4.7
Poly(3-carboxy-4-methyI-l-butenylene) (Poly(sorbic acid))
Potassium persulfate/chitosan
Water
50
2.32
Induced asymmetry
From polyl1-((-)menthyloxycarbonyl)-l,3-pentadiene] (AlBN, benzene, 500C. See Section B. Table 1, 1.6)
-58.3
Polyl3-(ethoxycarbonyl)-1 -butenylene]
Induced asymmetry
- 14.0
-78
/2-BuLi/sodium 1-menthoxide
Toluene
6.0
-78
n-BuLi/sodium d-bornoxide
Toluene
Poly [3-(methoxycarbonyl)-1 -butenylene]
Induced asymmetry
-2.4
-78
rt-BuLi/sodium 1-menthoxide
Toluene
2.7
-78
/2-BuLi/sodium d-bornoxide
Toluene
Poly(/r<my-2-methyl-1,3-pentadiene)
Induced asymmetry
- 106
50
y-ray/apocholic acid
90
50
y-ray/deoxycholic acid
Poly(c/s-2-methyl-1,3-pentadiene)
Induced asymmetry
-66
50
320
50
Poly( 1,3-pentadiene)
Induced asymmetry
Al(C2H5)/(- )titanium
Benzene
-22.8
0
tetramenthoxide
Poly (trans-1,3-pentadiene)
Induced asymmetry
-6.5
50
RT
0.3
y-ray/rras,anti,frans,anti,fram-perhydrotriphenylene
Po]y(cis-1,3-pentadiene)
2.5
Induced asymmetry
-3.7
50
RT
-21
4.6.
Refs.
Methanol
20
178
Methanol
20
161
THF
25
190
Benzene
Benzene
RT
RT
176
Benzene
Benzene
RT
RT
176
20
20
159
160
20
20
159
160
Hexane
18
171
Chloroform
20
26
159
158
Chloroform
Chloroform
25
20
26
172
159
158
Chloroform
20
207
POLY(ISONITRILES)
Poly[(terf-butylimino)methylene]
tris(terf-butyl isocyanide)[(S)(- )-(1 -phenylethyl)amino(te^butylamino)carbene]-nickel(ll) perchlorate
Neat
RT
- 28.7 Helix-sense asymmetry
Poly[5,8-dimethyl-6,7-bis(propoxymethyl)-quinoxaline-2,3-diyl] (PoIy[1,2-diisocyano-3,6-dimethyl-4,5-bis(propoxymethyl)benzeneJ)
(+ )oligo(5,8-di-/?-tolylquinoxaline-2,3-diyl)/Pd(II)
THF
RT
- 171 Helix-sense asymmetry
4.7.
T( 0 C)
204
POLY(MALEIMIDES)
Poly(yV-benzyl maleimide)
n-BuLi/( )-sparteine
Poly(/V~/7-butyl maleimide)
/i-BuLi/( )-sparteine
Poly(Af~sec-butyl maleimide)
n-BuLi/(- )-sparteine
Toluene
11.3
Induced asymmetry
Chloroform or THF
181
Toluene
-7.1
Induced asymmetry
Chloroform or THF
181
Toluene
-21.0
Induced asymmetry
Chloroform or THF
181
Poly(/V-terf-butyl maleimide)
A7-BuLi/( )-sparteine
Poly(/V-cyclohexyl maleimide)
PoIy(ZV-2-fluorenyl maleimide)
Poly(yV-isobutyl maleimide)
/i-BuLi/()-sparteine
Poly(N-isopropyl maleimide)
PoIy(N-1 -naphthyl maleimide)
/7-BuLi/( )-sparteine
Poly(iV-phenyl maleimide)
fl-BuLi/(-)-sparteine
n-BuLi/( )-sparteine/CuI
Poly^-n-propyl maleimide)
/?-BuLi/( )-sparteine
Toluene
2.8
Induced asymmetry
Chloroform or THF
181
Toluene
-39.5
Induced asymmetry
Chloroform or THF
181
Toluene
-0.4
Induced asymmetry
Chloroform or THF
181
Toluene
- 13.4
Induced asymmetry
Chloroform or THF
181
Toluene
-18.7
Induced asymmetry
Chloroform or THF
181
Toluene
0.9
Induced asymmetry
Chloroform or THF
181
Toluene
Toluene
0
0
- 15.4
Induced asymmetry
Chloroform or THF
Chloroform
Toluene
-23.7
(IaJ 435 )
181
241
181
Induced asymmetry
-4.9
Chloroform or THF
Poly(methylene-l,3-cyclopentylene) (from 1,5-hexadiene)

(H-)(5,5)ethylene-l,2-bis(?75-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-l-indenyl)zirconium-l,l '-bi-2-naphtholate/methylaluminoxane
Toluene
RT
51.0([M] 4 Os)
Induced asymmetry
Poly[ 1 -(m-tolylsulfonyl)ethylenej
From poly(m-tolyl vinyl sulfoxide) (-BuLi/(- )-sparteine, toluene, -78C. See Section B, Table 1, 1.10)
42
Miscellaneous
TABLE 5.
25
28
Chloroform
239
246
MAIN-CHAIN ACYCLIC HETROATOM POLYMERS
Polymer
Solvent
7( 0 C)
Polymer (P) values

WD
[M]0
Solvent
T (0C)
Refs.
5.1. POLY(OXIDES) AND POLY(SULFIDES)

Poly(chloral)
Tetramethylammonium ( ) acetyl mandelate
Lithium coprostan-3(3-oxide
Hexane
Poly(oxy-1,2-cyclohexylidene)
ZnEt 2/( 1S,2/?)-ephedrine
Poly(oxy-1,2-dimethylethylene)
ZnEt 2/( 15,2/?)-ephedrine
Poly(thio-1,2-cyclohexylidene)
ZnEt 2/(R,R)-1,2-diphenyl-1,2-ethandiol
Toluene
Poly(thio-1,2-dimethylethylene)
ZnEt2KRM)-1,2-diphenyl-1,2-ethandiol
0-75
<58
80
242-668
2970
-9.1 to 12.3
Film (soaked in diphenyl ether) 25

Film (soaked in diphenyl ether) RT
Induced asymmetry
Benzene
25
25
80
15
Induced asymmetry
Benzene
RT
59
Induced asymmetry
Trichlorobenzene
25
RT
154
Induced asymmetry
Chloroform
25
165
247
194
238
238
238
TABLE 5.
confd
Polymer
Catalyst or initiator Solvent
5.2.
T( 0 C)
[a]D [M] D
Polymer (P) values


Solvent
T( 0 C)
Refs.
POLY(ISOCYANATES)
Poly [(butyl )iminocarbony IJ

(/?)iV-benzyl-l-phenylethylamine lithium amide
Toluene
Poly [iV-(p-chiorophenyl )iminocar bony 1]
^rr-BuLi/(5)(-)-(2-methyoxymethyl)pyrrolidine
THF
Poly[AH3,4-dimethylphenyl)iminocarbony!J
tert-Buhi/(S)(- )-(2-methyoxymethyl)pyrrolidine
THF
Poly[A^(/>methoxyphenyl)iminocarbonylJ
r^r/-BuLi/(5)(-H2-methyoxymethyl)pyrrolidine
THF
Poly[A/-(m-methylphenyl)iminocarbonyl]
tert-BuL\/{S)( )-(2-methyoxymethyl)pyrrolidine
THF
Poly[A^-(y?-methylphenyl)iminocarbonylJ
/^rr-BuLi/(5)(-)-(2-methyoxymethyl)pyrrolidine
THF
PoIy[N-(I-naphthyl)iminocarbonylj
tert-BuLi/(S){ )-(2-methy oxymethy l)pyrrolidine
THF
Poly[(4-phenylbutyl)irninocarbonyl]
(/?)/V-benzyH-phenylethylamine lithium amide
Toluene
- 78
-40 (La] 365)
- 98
377 ([a] 365)
- 98
569([aJ 365 )
- 98
588 ([aj365)
- 98
819([a] 36 5)
- 98
748([0Cj 365 )
- 98
529 ([a]365)
- 78
- 17 (IaJ 365)
Chloroform
THF
25
25
DCM
193
25
Chloroform
THF
193
25
25
Chloroform
DCM
193
193
25
25
Chloroform
248
193
193
25
248
D.
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A n i s o t r o p y
o f
S e g m e n t s
U n i t s
o f
P o l y m e r
a n d
M o n o m e r
M o l e c u l e s
V . N . T s v e t k o v , L. N . A n d r e e v a , N . V . T s v e t k o v
Institute of High Molecular Weight Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences,
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
A. Introduction
B. Tables of Anisotropy of Segments and
Monomer Units of Polymer Molecules
Polymers
1.1. Poly(dienes)
1.2. Poly(alkenes)
Derivatives
1.4. Poly(methacrylic acid) and
Derivatives
1.5. Poly(acrylic acid) Derivatives
with Mesogenic Side Groups
1.6. Poly(methacrylic acid)
Derivatives with Mesogenic
Side Groups
1.7. Vinyl Polymers
1.8. Poly(vinyl) Derivatives with
Mesogenic Side Groups
1.9. Copolymers, Graft and Block
Copolymers
3.1. Poly(oxides)
3.2. Poly(esters)
3.3. Poly(amides)
3.4. Poly(peptides) and Nucleic
Acids
3.5. Poly(phosphazenes)
3.6. Poly(siloxanes)
Table 4. Main-Chain Heterocyclic Polymers
4.1. Poly(imides)
4.2. Poly(pyrromellitimides)
4.3. Poly(quinoxalines)
4.4. Poly(benzimidazoles),
Poly(benzoxazoles)
4.5. Poly(saccharides)
C. References
VII-745
Vli-746
VII-746
VII-746
VII-747
VII-747
A.
INTRODUCTION
Segmental anisotropy (a i a2) of a chain molecule may

be determined experimentally from measurements of flow
birefringence in the solution of a polymer with a
sufficiently high molecular weight, so that the conformation
of its molecules would correspond to that of a Gaussian
coil.
For calculating (^ 1 OL1) , Kuhn's equation was used
(Ref. 1):
VII-748
VII-748
(Al)
VII-749
VII-750
VII-751
VII-751
VII-752
VII-752
VII-752
VII-752
VII-755
VII-755
VII-755
VII-756
VII-756
VII-756
VII-756
VII-757
VII-757
VII-758
VII-760
where A r is the tangential flow stress (shearing stress), An

is the observed flow birefringence of the solution, g is the
velocity gradient, c and 77 are the concentration and the
viscosity of the solution, respectively, [77] and [n] are
intrinsic values of viscosity and flow birefringence of the
solution, and 770 and n are the viscosity and the refractive
index of the solvent. The value A n / A r = [n]/[rj\ may be
called the shear optical coefficient.
Another method of determining segmental anisotropy
(which is seldom used) is through the measurement of
stress birefringence in swollen polymers (74). The stress
optical coefficient e = An/Ap (where Ap is the normal
stress in the sample) determined experimentally is equal to
AnjlAr
(2), where An/Ar is also related to (a 1 - a2) *
according to Eq. (Al). Data obtained by this method are
marked in the table with the symbol sw. p. (swollen
polymer).
If the refractive indices of the polymer and the solvent
are not equal, the experimental value of (OLi-Oi1)
includes not only the intrinsic segmental (a\ -OL1), but
also a part produced by the form effect (3,4). In this case the
value a ] -OL1 may be calculated using (a 1 -OL1) and the
theoretical equation for macro- and micro-form effects
(3,4).
For determining a\ Ot2, it is preferable to use the

"matching" solvent in which the increment of index of the
polymer, dn/dc, is equal to zero
The tables give the intrinsic segmental anisotropy,
a i a 2 , obtained directly from measurements in the
"matching" solvent, as well as the (a\-a2)*
values
including the form effect. The corresponding figures are
marked with the symbol *.
In some of the reviewed works in which measurements
were carried out in "nonmatching" solvents, the segmental
anisotropy was calculated on the basis of the theory of the
form effect (3,4). In these cases the figures are marked with
the symbol **.
Intrinsic segmental anisotropy of the polymer chain in
various solvents, even in the absence of the form effect,
may differ owing to a "specific" effect of the solvent (see,
e.g., poly(vinyl acetate)) (5-11). "Specific" effect may
probably includes phenomena such as a change in the type
of rotation of the side groups (5,6,8,12), a change in the
polarizability of its bonds, and the short-range ordering of
the solvent molecules (11).
Principal values which effect the intrinsic segmental
anisotropy of the chain are the anisotropy of the monomer
unit and the equilibrium rigidity of the chain.
The Kuhn segment with the length A is the measure of
the equilibrium rigidity of the chain. If the chain adopts the
conformation of the Gaussian coil, then we have
A = (r2)/L, where L is the complete length of the extended
chain and (r 2 ) is the mean square end-to-end distance.
Also, a\\a is the difference between the polarizabilities of the monomer unit in the parallel and
perpendicular directions of the chain. Values of a ^ a^
presented in the table were calculated from
Many rigid-chain polymers have been investigated in the

molecular-weight range in which their molecules exhibit a
conformation intermediate between the rodlike conformation and the Gaussian coil. The best model for these
polymers is the wormlike chain. Under these conditions the
shear optical coefficient An/Ar varies with the molecular
weight M of the polymer and is given by the equation (100)
(A3)
where B = (4n/45kT)(n2 4- I)1Jn, (71 - 72) is the mean
value of the wormlike chain optical anisotropy, (h2) and
(Zi4) are the mean square and fourth degree end-to-end
distance of the wormlike chain.
For the wormlike chain, the value of (71 - 7 2 ) as a
function of the reduced chain length x = 2L/A is given by
the equations
(A4)
According to Eqs. (A3) and (A4) the limit values of An/Ar

for wormlike chains are as follows: at x * 0, (An/Ar)0
=
B(î 7I)JC > 0 as for a thin rod, and at x > 00,
(An/Ar)^ x = B(a\ Ct2) as for a kinetically flexible
Gaussian coil.
The dependence of An/Ar
on M for the wormlike
chains given by the Eqs. (A3) and (A4) may be
approximated (100,101) by a linear relationship (A5)
between the inverse values {An/Ar)"
and M~[\
(A2)
where A is the length of the monomer unit in the chain
direction. For cellulose esters, a\\ a\_ and correspondingly, a i a 2 depend on the degrees of substitution (DS),
which are also given in the table.
For heterocyclic polycondensation polymers, the term
"monomer unit" means the repeat unit of the polymer
chain.
(A5)
where MQ is the molecular weight of the repeat unit of the
chain. If the experimental dependence of {An/Ar) ~ on
\/M is plotted, the slope of the straight line obtained makes
it possible to calculate Aa = a^ a, and its intercept
with the ordinate gives ct\ -Qt2.
B. TABLES OF ANISOTROPY OF SEGMENTS AND MONOMER UNITS OF POLYMER MOLECULES

Polymer
(a Il - a ;)
(fljj - a )
Solvent
xl02scm3
xl025cm3
Benzene, sw. p.
Carbon tetrachloride, sw. p.
sw. p.
Cyclohexane, sw. p.
Toluene, sw. p.
/;-Xylene, sw. p.
61.3-63
53.5*
55.2*
57.3
72
86.9
Refs.
1.1. POLY(DIENES)
Poly (butadiene) \A-cis
30.8
31.7*
33.9
42.6
51.4
52-54
53
54
53
53
53
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
Poly(butadiene) \A-trans
Benzene
sw. p.
Carbon tetrachloride, sw. p.
sw. p.
Cyclohexane, sw. p.
Toluene, sw. p.
/>Xylene, sw. p.
a-Bromonaphthalene
Chlorobenzene
Dichloroethane
cx-Methylnaphthalene
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
p-Xylene
Benzene
Squalene, sw. p.
Benzene
Poly(chloroprene)
Poly(isoprene) cis
trans
1.2.
(||
x 10 2S cm 3
71
70.4
58.1*
61.1*
57.3
81.6
101
110*
33
64
39
99 *
46
67
88
48
53.1
49
~)
37.4
36.3*
33.1*
48.6
60.2
30.5
31
Refs.
52
53
55
53
53
53
53
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
52
56
52
POLY(ALKENES)
PoIy(I-butene) atactic
isotactic
PoIy(I-decene) isotactic
PoIy(I -dodecene)
Polyethylene)
PoIy(I-heptene) isotactic
PoIy(I-hexadecene) isotactic
Poly(l-hexene) atactic
isotactic
Poly(isobutene)
Poly( 1-octadecene) isotactic

PoIy(I-octene) isotactic
PoIy(I-pentene) isotactic
Poly(diphenylpropylene)
Polypropylene) atactic
isotactic
Poly(l-tetradecene) isotactic
1.3.
(-I - i )
x 10 2 5 c m 3
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Tetralin, xylene
Decalin
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Benzene, chlorobenzene,
tetrachloroethylene, m-xylene
Decalin
/7-Xylene
Toluene
Toluene
Toluene
Bromoform
Benzene, xylene
Decalin
Toluene
Toluene
33.4
25.2
-82.5
- 120
60
30
-24.5
-205 to-213
12.1
-6.5
45-59
35
30
69
-257
-39
8.0
9.3
80
45
30
30
55
30
-176
-171
13
13
13
13
14
14
13
13
13
13
11,14,15
3.5
3.5
11
14
11
13
13
13
13
16
14
17
14
13
17
13
13
POLY(ACRYLIC ACID) AND DERIVATIVES
Poly(acrylic acid)
- , sodium salt
Poly(H-butyl acrylate)
Poly(cholesteryl acrylate)
Dioxane
0.0012MNacl, pH 7
Water, pH 6.1
Benzene
Decalin
Toluene
Decalin
Toluene
Benzene
~-0.5**
20**
-4**to-flO**
- Ii
-17.8
-10.1
-6.5
-141
-164
- 360
^-0.1**
18
- 1-5
-1.9
-1.1
-0.9
-6.5
-7.5
- 16
19
20
21
21
20
22
21
23
References page VII/760
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
Poly(decyl acrylate)
Decalin
Toluene
Benzene, sw. p.
Bromobenzene, sw. p.
Bromoform, sw. p.
Dibromoethane, sw. p.
Dimethylformamide, sw. p.
Benzene
Toluene
Poly (ethyl acrylate)
Poly(octadecyl acrylate)
Poly(octyl acrylate)
1.4.
(aH - )
x 10 2S cm 3
Decalin
Toluene
Decalin
Toluene
-74
-95
3.0
10**
-37**
- 1 4 **
-11**
17
16
26
- 190
-232
- 57.4
-47.9
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
Bromobenzene
o-Toluidine
Dioxane
0.1 M NaCl
Benzene
0-Toluidine
Dimethylformamide
Ethyl alcohol
Water
Benzene
Methanol
0.002 M HCl
0.012M NaCl, pH 7
0.0012 M NaCl, pH 7
Water
Dibromoethane
Benzene
Benzene
Tetrabromoethane
Benzene
o-Toluidine
Bromobenzene
-14
-2.0
2.1
19.3
- 90
-230
180 *
370*
- 160
160
1.0
- 6.0 **
-6.0**
-40
- 9.7
50 *
150*
150 *
400
56 *-300 *
77
2.0
25
-60
-47
-12.5
- 103
-10.5
(a\\ ~ i )
x 10 2S cm 3
-3.7
-4.7
0.36
1.2**
4.5**
~ 1.7**
-1.7**
2.5
1.9
3.6
- 6.6
-8.0
- 4.3
-3.6
Refs.
21
21
24
24
24
24
24
20
21
20
21
21
21
21
P O L Y ( M E T H A C R Y L I C ACID) AND DERIVATIVES
Poly(-butyl methacrylate) atactic

isotactic
Poly(terf-butyl methacrylate) atactic
isotactic
Poly(p-te/t-butylphenyl methacrylate)
Poly(p-carbethoxy-Af-phenylmethacrylamide)
Poly(p-carboxyphenyl methacrylate)
Poly(p-chloro-/V-phenylmethacrylamide)
Poly(glycol methacrylate)
-, sodium salt
Poly(p-methylcarboxy-phenyl methacrylate)
Poly(methyl methacrylate) atactic
isotactic
Poly(P-naphthyl methacrylate)
Poly(Af-phenylmethacrylamide)
2.1
-0.3
0.3
3.0
- 7.5
-23
8.0*
- 8.9
20
0.18
-1.1**
-1.1**
-4.6
-1.1
- 7
0.3
3.5
-8.5
-5.9
- 1.6
- 13
-1.5
25
26
20
20
22,28
40
35
35
29
40
30
30
30
31
31
32
32
33
33
34
35
38
38
4
31
31
40
4
1.5. POLY(ACRYLIC ACID) DERIVATIVES WITH MESOGENIC SIDE GROUPS
Tetrachloroethane
- 520 *
100
Tetrachloroethane
-520*
100
TABLE 1. cont'd
C H JL)
Polymer
Solvent
x 10 2S cm 3
(flu-aj
x 10 2S cm 3
Refs.
Tetrachloroethane
-630*
100
Tetrachloroethane
- 810 *
100
Tetrachloroethane
-800*
100
Tetrachloroethane
-450*
-19*
100,102
Tetrachloroethane
-510*
-21
100,102
Benzene
- 300 *
- 15 *
100,103
1.6. POLY(METHACRYLIC ACID) DERIVATIVES WITH MESOGENIC SIDE GROUPS
- 445 *
- 18 *
100,105
Dimethylformamide
- 240 *
100,106
Tetrachloroethane
-500*
100
-320*
36,100
Benzene
-370*
100,107
Dioxane
- 1200*
100,106
Dimethylformamide/
toluene (1/1)
- 600 *
- 40 *
100,108
- 2700 *
- 110 *
100,109
- 2350 *
100
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Copolymer with cetylmethacrylate

mol% 70/30
50/50
Solvent
(i| ~ a L)
10 2 5 cm 3
Refs.
Benzene
Bromoform
Chloroform
Tetrahydrofuran
Benzene/heptene (52/48), (66/34)
- 1600*
-1000*
- 1400*
- 2700*
-890*
-4200*
-1050*
- 680 *
-44*
- 28 *
100,93
100,93
Benzene
-3000*
-150*
100,111
Chloroform
- 4900 *
- 100 *
100,111
Dioxane
Tetrachloromethane
1.7.
(U ~ i )
xl025cm3
-40*
- 1 K)*
36
36
36
37,100
36
36
-117*
100,109
-90*
100,109
- 180*
-250*
153
153
VINYL POLYMERS
Poly(acrylonitrile)
PoIyO?-chlorostyrene)
Poly(/>methylstyrene) atactic
isotactic
Poly(2,5-dimethylstyrene)
Poly(2-methyl-5-vinyl-/V-butylpyridinium bromide)
Poly(2-methyl-5-vinyl-pyridine)
Poly(2-methyl-5-vinyl-pyridinium chloride)
Poly(styrene) atactic
isotactic
Poly(vinyl acetate)
Dimethylformamide
Bromoform
Bromoform
Tetrabromoethane
Tetrabromoethane
Bromoform
Bromoform
Bromoform
0.01 M NaCl
0.1 M NaCl
Bromoform
0.1 M HCl
Bromoform
Bromoform
Acetone
sw. p.
Benzene
sw. p.
Bromobenzene. sw. p.
Bromoform
sw. p.
sw. p.
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
sw. p.
Cyclohexanone
Dichloroethane
- 23
-230
-265
-300
-133
) 47
- 140
-180
- 900 *
-270*
- 260
- 300 *
- 145
- 224
-20**
_37**
4.0-5.9
5.1**
9.4**
- 20 **
-18.7**
- 16
-26
-25.2
14**
-34.9**
-24
- 17.9
-23
-36
- 39
-1.8
-35
-30
-25
-17
20
- 19
-25
- 29
- 18
23
-5.3**
-5.3**
0.5 to 0.8
0.75**
1.3**
-2.7**
- 2.0
-3.6
1.75**
-2.6**
-3.0
-2.9
-4.5
- 4.9
4
41
41
15
128
42
42
41
43
43
44
45
46,41
46
7
10
6,8,9,11
10
10
7
10
9,11
6
10
11
6
9,11
10
9,11
11
11
TABLE 1.
cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
Tetrabromoethane
sw. p.
Toluene
Poly(vinyl butyral)
Poly(vinyl cinnamate)
Poly(p-vinylnaphthalene)
Poly (vinyl propionate)
Poly(4-vinylpyridiniurn chloride)
sw. p.
o-Xylene
sw. p.
Chloroform
Toluene/phenol (79/21)
Benzene
Chloroform
Tetrahydrofuran
Bromoform
Tetrabromoethane
Bromoform
Benzene
Chloroform
Toluene
Bromoform
0.1 M HCl
0.05 M HCl
Benzyl alcohol
(0-ax)
xl02Scm3
-25**
-33**
-46.4**
10
13.5
19
9.4**
2.0
9.8**
81
173
- 8.0
- 36
-48
40
- 420
430
- 440
4.4
31
-40
1.3
-240
- 260 *
-440*
75
130
(a\\~aL)
25
cm3
fxl0
-3.1**
-6.6**
1.25
2.0
1.3**
0.25
1.4**
- 35
30
- 20 to - 30
-22
- 10
4.7
Refs.
11
7
10
9,11
8
6
10
9,11
10
11,47
11,47
11,47
11,47
11,47
48
49
4
39
11,47
11,47
11,47
11,47
50
50
50
4
51
1.8. POLY(VINYL) DERIVATIVES WITH MESOGENIC SIDE GROUPS

Poly[4-(4-nonyloxy-benzamido)styrene]
Benzene
-2500*
-100*
100,104
1.9. COPOLYMERS, GRAFT AND BLOCK COPOLYMERS

Poly(acryl amide-comethacrylic acid ether)
R = -C 2 H 5 ;X- = - C r
nmol%= 0
6
30
69
80
100
Poly(p-(4-cetoxybenzoxy)-phenyl
methacrylate-co-cetyl
methacrylate)
mol% 81/19
60/40
59/41
22/78
15/85
8/92
4/96
0.001 M NaCl
Water
2.5*
15
35 *
90 *
80 *
40 *
157
93
-2000*
-920*
540*
-400*
-277*
-180*
-16*
TABLE 1. cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
Poly(methyl methacrylate-a>/?-r<?rf-butylphenyl
methacrylate) mol% 91/9
80/29
50/50
25/75
Poly(phenylbutyl isocyanate-co-chloral) mol% 50/50
Poly(styrene-co-chlorostyrene) mol% 89.7/10.3
83.2/16.8
68.7/31.3
55/45
39.5/60.5
Poly(styrene-co-A/-methylcitraconimide) mol% 54/46
48/52
Poly (styrene-co-methyl methacrylate) mol% 70/30
50/50
30/70
Poly(styrene-/?/oc&-propylene), atactic mol% 64/36
Poly(n-butyl methacrylate-gra/ir-styrene) mol% 8/92
Poly(ter?-butyl methacrylate-gra/f-styrene) mol% 8/92
Poly(methyl methacrylate-graft-styrene) mol% 10/90
87/13
(70-90)/(30-10)
Poly(propylene-gra/f-atactic styrene) mol% 30/70
Poly(vinyl chloride-gra/f-styrene) wt.% 5.2/94.8
5.6/94.4
12.1/87.9
30.7/69.3
TABLE 2.
Chlorobenzene
Bromoform
Bromoform
Bromobenzene
Chlorobenzene
Chlorobenzene
Bromoform
Bromoform
Bromoform
Chlorobenzene
Benzene
(a!I - )
x 10 2 S c m 3
1.5
-7.4
- 30.4
- 44
12 *
-165
- 172
-198
- 202
-226
26
- 34
~ 88
- 68
- 34
- 8
1190
540
700-7000
30
100-1100
22
330
180
155
110
(*||-)
xl025cm3
Solvent
Poly(acenaphthylene) helix 4!
trans
PoIy(1,2,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1,6-indendiyl)
Poly( 1,2,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1,6indendiyl-l,4-phenylene-ethylene)
Bromoform
Bromoform
Bromoform
- 300 **
- 300 **
78
Bromoform
142
60
95
63
96
97
98
98
98,99
98
16
93
48
(|| -)
xl025cm3
- 13.6**
- 20 **
Refs.
39
39
92
92
Solvent
((XH-(X 1 )
(aH - f l j . )
xl025cm3
xl025cm3
Refs.
POLY(OXIDES)
Poly(oxypropylene)
3.2.
94
MAIN-CHAIN HETEROATOM POLYMERS
Polymer
3.1.
Refs.
MAINCHAIN CARBOCYCLIC POLYMERS
Polymer
TABLE 3.
(-:| ~~)
x 10 2 5 c m 3
Cyclohexanone
18
57
-114
-76
58
POLY(ESTERS)
Poly(oxycarbonyloxy-1,4-phenylenecyclohexylidene-1,4-phenylene)
Bromoform
Dichloroethane/phenol (1/1)
Dichloroacetic acid
70
48.7*
33.7*
59
89
TABLE 3. cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
(||-a)
(fl||-i)
x 10 2 S cm 3
x 10 2 S cm 3
Refs.
Poly(oxy-tt-methyleneoxycarbonyl-1,4-phenyleneoxyterephthaloyloxy-1,4-phenylene-carbonyl)
n=4
n=5
n=\0
Dichloroacetic acid
Dichloroacetic acid
Dichloroacetic acid
280 *
250 *
200 *
Dichloroacetic acid
Tetrachloroethane
1800 *
1800 *
158
158
Dichloroacetic acid
3000 *
159
Dichloroacetic acid
Dioxane
1600 *
1600 *
160
160
Dichloroacetic acid
600 *
161
132 * -165 *
89
89
89
Poly[ 1,4-phenylene (phenylterephthalate)]
Poly[(phenyl( 1,4-phenylene)-terephthalate]
Dichloroacetic acid
18.2*
162
Dioxane
375*
163
Dioxane
185*
163
Tetrachloroethane
153*
315 *
164
Tetrachloroethane
150*
136 *
165
Tetrachloroethane
200*
365
166
TABLE 3. cont'd
(l|-)
Polymer
(||
-i)
Solvent
x 1025 cm 3
x 1025 cm 3
Dioxane
260*
Tetrachloroethane
Chloroform
Dioxane
Tetrachloroethane
186*
270*
254*
256*
168
168
168
168
Dichloroacetic acid
Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethane
268*
594*
221*
396*
249*
187*
179*
188*
196*
169
Tetrachloroethane
380*
170
Tetrachloroethane
228*
170
513*
Refs.
167
Tetrachloroethane
57.5*
170
Tetrachloroethane
259*
144*
171
139*
146*
171
353*
196*
171
Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethane
Dichloroacetic acid
2120*
172
TABLE 3. cont'cl
Polymer
N
N : T: D (moWc) =
3.3.
Solvent
T
0:1:1
0.1:1:0.9
0.2:1:0.8
0.3:1:0.7
0.4:1:0.6
0.5:1:0.5
0.6:1:0.4
0.7:1:0.3
Refs.
Tetrachloroethane
229 *
250*
335*
410*
510*
630*
740*
UOO*
91
280*
91
POLY(AMIDES)
Poly(chlorohexyliminocarbonyl)
Poly(hydrazocarbonyl-1,4-phenylene iminoterephthaloyl)
Poly(iminocarbonyl-cyclohexylene)
Poly(iminocarbonyl-1.4-phenylene)
Poly[imino-(4,6-dicarboxyisophthaloyl
-imino) biphenyl-4,4'-diyl]
Polylimino (l-oxohexamethylene)J
(PoIy(E-caprolactam))
Poly[imino-1.4-phenyleneimino-(4,6dicarboxyisophthaloylimino)-1,4phenyleneimino-terephthaloyl]
Poly(imino-1.3-phenyleneiminoisophthaloyl.)
Poly (imino- 1,4-phenyleneiminoterephthaloyl)
Poly( imino-1,4-phenyleneimino-terephthaloyl),
copolymer with poly(iminocarbonyl-l,4-phenylene)
(ratio 1/9)
Poly(iminio-terephthaloylimino-l,4phenylenediphenylmethyl-1,4-phenylene)
Poly(/Molyliminocarbonyl)
pentafluorophenol (0.9/0.1)
Dimethylsulfoxide
Sulfuric acid
Sulfuric acid
Dimethylacetamide
4100
11
60,100
800
3000
1)
100
60
3630*
390*
10500*
75*
85*
103*
100,123
100,115
100.117,118
100
Sulfuric acid
63*
100.115
Dimethylacetamide
88*
100
Sulfuric acid
Sulfuric acid
Sulfuric acid
360*
5250*
4380*
Sulfuric acid
130*
Bromoform
-39
100*
206*
100,121,122
100,119,120
110,119
100.127
-5
60,100
POLY(PEPTIDES) AND NUCLEIC ACIDS
Poly("-benzyl-L-glutamate) helix
coil
Poly(S-carbobenzoxyniethyl-i.-cystein)
Poly(s,/V-carbobenzoxy-L-lysine) helix
coil
helix
coil
DNA
3.5.
x 10 2 5 c m 3
Poly(/i-butyliminocarbonyl) (Poly(butylisocyanate))
3.4.
x 10 2 5 c m 3
Dichloroethane
Dichloroacetic acid
Dichloroacetic acid
Dimethylformamide
Dichloroacetic acid
Phosphate buffer
0.1 M, pH 4.2
0.1 M, pH 12.5
aqueous 0.2 M NaCl
< 2MNaCl
>3MNaCl
25000*
230*
22*
3600*
<-f
1900*
136*
- 30000 *
-33000*
-41000*
25*
25*
12*
- 67 *
86,87,100
88,100
86
86
86
86
86
100
154,157
154,157
POLY(PHOSPHAZENES)
PoIy(Muoroalkoxy phosphazene)
-PR 2 - NR^-OCH 2 -CF.,
-OCHn-(CFOv-H
-OCHr-(CF2)^-H
Ethyl acetate
Ethyl acetate
Ethyl acetate
160
145
106
155
156
156
TABLE 3. cont'd
Polymer
3.6.
Solvent
(l|-ai)
(fly-fli)
x 10 25 cm 3
x 10 25 cm 3
Refs.
POLY(SILOXANES)
Poly(oxyethylphenylsilylene) 14:86
Poly(oxymethylphenylsilylene) 90:10
87.5:12.5
75:25
62.5:37.5
50:50 atactic
isotactic
Poly(oxyphenylsilylene)
Petroleum ether
Benzene
Petroleum ether
Decalin
Benzene
Decalin
Decalin
Benzene
Decalin, tetralin
Decalin, tetralin
Benzene
4.7
- 230 *
- 2.3
-10
-13.6
-21
- 36 **
- 25.5
- 52 **
-82**
-85
0.96
77
- 29.5
173
- 0.47
77
-2.0
78
-2.7
79
-4.0
78
- 7.2 **
78
- 5.1
79
- 10 **
78
- 1 6 * * 78
-17
79
LADDER POLYMERS
Poly(isobutylphenyl-silsesquioxane) ( 1 : 1)
Poly(isohexylphenyl-silsesquioxane) ( 1 : 1)
Poly(m-chlorophenyl-silsesquioxane)
Poly(dichloropheny 1-silsesquioxane)
Poly(3-methyl-l-butene-silsesquioxane)
Poly(phenyl-silsesquioxane)
Benzene
Benzene
Bromoform
Tetrabromoethane
Benzene
Butylacetate
Bromoform
-840
-980
-4700 *
- 4450
-4700
-570*
-400*
- 1060 to - 1800
-22
80,100
- 1 9 . 5 80,100
- 40 *
100,80
- 50
100,112
-53
100,112
- 6 . 5 * 81,100
- 4 . 2 * 81,82,100
- 23 to - 31 83-85,
100
TABLE 4. MAIN-CHAJN HETEROCYCLIC POLYMERS

Ca 1 J-ax)
Polymer
4.1.
Solvent
J|-JL
x 10 25 cm 3
Refs.
POLY(IMIDES)
Poly(/V-2,4-dimethylphenylmaleimide)
Poly(iV-isobutylmaleimide)
Poly(Af-methylcitraconimide)
Poly(Af,A^piperazindiyl-2,5-diketo-l,3-pyrrolidindiylhexamethylene-2,5-diketo-l,3-pyrrolidindiyl)
Poly(/?-tolylmaleimide)
Bromoform
Chlorobenzene
Bromoform
Benzyl alcohol
Bromoform/cyclohexanol (60:40)
Bromoform
H 2 SO 4 , 101%
4.2.
x 102S cm 3
-200
160
150
56
30
- 160
500 *
-12.5
10
16.7
31
- 10
50 *
61,100
62,100
63
64
64
65
110
POLY(PYRROMELLITIMIDES)
Poly[l,3,5,7-tetraoxo-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-lH,5H-benzo-[l,2-c,4,5-c'
dipyrrol-2,6-diyl)-1,4-phenylene]
Poly[(l,3,5,7-tetraoxo-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-lH,5H-benzo
[l,2-c,4,5-c' dipyrrol-2,6-diyl)1,4-phenyleneimino-terephthaloyl-imino-1,4-phenylene]
H 2 SO 4
2500 * -4400 *
100
H 2 SO 4
3400 *
100
TABLE 4. cont'd
(U-i)
Polymer
4.3.
Solvent
xlD 2 5 cm 3
(||
-fli)
xl025cm3
Refs.
POLY(QUINOXALINES)
Rl = nought, R2 -
Tetrachloroethane, chloroform
1750 *
100,116
Rl = nought, R2 =
1060 *
100,116
Rl =
650 *
100,116
4.4.
- O - , R2 =
POLY(BENZIMIDAZOLES), POLY(BENZOXAZOLES)
Poly(benzimidazole-2,6-diyl-iminoterephthaloylimino-l,4-phenylene)
5080*
360*
100,124
4900*
100
3625*
150
1250*
150
1250*
150
750*
150
Poly(benzoxazole-2,6-diyl-iminoterephthaloyliminio-l,4-phenylene)
Poly(benzoxazole-2,6-diyl-iminoterephthaloylimino1,4-(3-hydroxyphenylene))
Poly(benzoxazole-2,4-diyl-iminoterephtaloylimino1,3-(4-hydroxyphenylene))
Poly(benzoxazole-2,6-diyl-iminocarboxy-1,4-phenyleneiminoterephthaloy limino-1,4-phenylene-carboxyimino-1,4-phenylene)
5940*
360*
100,125
5940*
320*
100,126
2340*
300*
100,126
4100*
152
Poly(oxadiazole-2,5-diyl~ 1,4-phenylene)
1750*
80*
100,114
TABLE 4.
cont'd
Polymer
4.5.
Solvent
(a j - a _)
x K)2S cm 3
Dioxane
Cadoxene
2MNaOH
0.5MNaOH
Aniline
Dioxane
Pyridine
Trichloromethane
Tetrachloroethane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Benzene
oDichlorobenzene
Dichloromethane
Trichloromethane
Tetrachloromethane
Pentachloroethane
/;ra-Chlorotoluene
a-Bromonapthaline
Tetrachloromethane
Tetrachloromethane
Tetrachloromethane
Dioxane
Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dimethylformamide
Chloroform
Bromobenzene
Dimethylphthalate
Dioxane
Dioxane
Tetrachloroethane
Bromoform
Dioxane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Dioxane
Trichloromethane
Tetrachloroethane
294*
310 *
450*
560*
260*
39*
0
- 8.4*
- 57 *
- 1330 *
- 870 *
-575*
-350*
-1900*
-1300*
-450*
1280*
1200*
1345*
1020*
405*
- 110*
-164*
-190*
-210*
-223*
-194*
-171*
142*
-228*
-217*
-240*
-72*
-150*
-100*
-66*
-25*
365*
250*
90*
50*
65*
70 *
70*
55*
- 115 *
1100*
-617*
-763*
-914*
-830*
- 447 *
-1350*
- 34
35*
61*
144*
90*
< 111 *
-47.3*
(a | r/ L)
x 102? cm 3
Refs.
POLY(SACCHARIDES)
CELLULOSE ESTERS
Benzyl cellulose, DS = 2.5
Carboxymethyl cellulose, DS = 0.9
Cellulose acetate, D S - 2 . 4
Cellulose acetate benzoate, D S = 55/245

Cellulose acetate benzhydroxamate, DS = 15/285
60/240
90/170
Cellulose acetate cinnamate, DS = 60/200
160/140
250/50
Cellulose acetate diphenylacetate, DS = 10/290
40/150
20/130
130/115
270/30
Cellulose acetate myristate, D S = 10/290
D S = 25/275
50/250
100/200
150/150
Cellulose
Cellulose
Cellulose
Cellulose
Cellulose
200/100
245/55
290/10
acetate monophenylacetate, DS = 40/260
100/150
200/70
246/32
285/5
acetate a-naphthylacetate, DS = 250/50
275/25
290/10
acetate nitrobenzoate, DS = 275/25
acetate triphenylmethylate, DS = 110/145
benzoate, DS = 3.0
2.16
Cellulose butyrate, DS = 3.0
2.75
5*
5.3*
0.78*
0
- 0.21 *
- 1.6 *
- 26.6*
- - 17.4 *
-11.5*
-7*
-38*
-26*
-9*
25.6*
24.0*
26.9*
20.4*
8.1*
- 2.2*
-3.1*
-3.8*
-4.2*
-4.5*
-4.5*
- 3.6 *
3.6*
-4.6*
-4.3*
-4.8*
-1.4*
-4.3*
-3.0*
-1.8*
-0.6*
7.3*
5.0*
1.8*
1.0*
1.3*
1.4*
1.4*
1.1*
- 2.3 *
22 *
-10.4*
-16.4*
-19.6*
-17.8*
67
-27*
- 26
2.7*
1.0*
5.6*
1.8*
< |0.03|
-1.6*
67,100
147
147
147
136
136
100
136
136
137
137
137
137
137,138
137,138
137,138
137,138
137,138
137,138
137,138
137,138
137
136
136
136
136
136
136
136
136
136
136
136
136
136
136
136
137
137
137
137
137
137
137
137
137
137
66,100
66,100
66.100
66,100
137
72,100
72,100
67
72,100
136
136
136
TABLE 4. cont'd
Polymer
Solvent
Cellulose dimethylphosphonocarbamate
DS = 2.0
Cellulose diphenylacetate
0.Oi M NaCl
0.2 M NaCl
Acetophenone
Dioxane
Dioxane
Dioxane
Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethane
Bromobenzene
Bromoform
Cyclohexanone
Cyclohexanone
Amyl acetate
Acetone
Butyl acetate
Ethyl acetate
Cyclohexanone
Cyclohexanone
Dioxane
Acetophenone
Benzophenone 55
80
Dioxane 21
65
Ethyl acetate
Dioxane
Dioxane
Ethyl acetate/dioxane (0.017/1)
(0.034/1)
(0.063/1)
(0.091/1)
(0.224/1)
(0.469/1)
Dioxane
Ethyl acetate
Cyclohexanone
Dimethylacetamide
Tetrachloroethane
Cyclohexanone
Cyclohexanone
Cyclohexanone
Cyclohexanone, sw. p.
Acetone
Dimethylformamide
Cyclohexanone
Cyclohexanone
Cyclohexanone, sw. p.
Cyclohexanone
Cyclohexanone
Cyclohexanone
Cyclohexanone
Cyclohexanone
Cyclohexanone
Cyclohexanone
Cyclohexanone
Dioxane
Dimethylacetamide
Tetrachloroethane
Water
DS = 2.9
Cellulose diphenylphosphonocarbamate DS = 2.2
Cellulose hydroxypropylacetate, DS = 3.3, 2.3
Cellulose hydroxypropylbutyrate, DS = 3.3, 2.2
DS = 3.3, 0.6
Cellulose hydroxypropylcaprinate, DS = 3.3, 2.0
Cellulose hydroxypropylstearate, DS = 3.3, 0.9
Cellulose monophenylacetate
DS = 2.8
Cellulose nitrate, DS = 2.8
2.7
2.3
1.9
Cellulose phenylcarbamate
DS = 3.0
2.2
2.3
2.7
Cellulose stearate DS = 2.0

Cyanoethyl cellulose DS = 2.6
2.66
2.37
Cyanoethylacetyl cellulose
Cyanoethyl hydroxyethyi cellulose DS= 1.8
Cyanoethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose DS = 2.4
Cyanoethyltrityl cellulose
Cyanoethyl nitrate cellulose DS = 248/26
233/52
181/79
100/117
62/192
36/213
34/226
19/242
Ethyl cellulose
DS = 2.5
Hydroxypropyl cellulose, DS = 2.5-3.8
(H~i)
(||-)
x 10 25 cm 3
x 10 2S cm 3
710 *
640 *
1360
1030 *
1760*
626 *-640
400
270
490
230
230
600
478
-820
-540
- 320 *
-115*
- 300 *
- 140 *
-330
-62
149
-1100
-742
-572
- 1830 *
-872*
-560*
-1880*
- 1700 *
- 1440 *
-1664*
-1440 *
-1360*
-1260*
-962*
-2030*
-1216 *
- 1254 *
- 1280 *
- 500
900
970 *
715 *
-1-15
390 *
90
900
660
220
855 *
890 *
470 *
165 *
35 *
- 190 *
-115 *
-190*
430
512
450 *
505
Refs.
16 *
16 *
22
22 *
35.2*
10*-13.7*
12
8.3
12
68
68
69
67
137,138
100,129
144,145
145,146
145,146
145
145
13
100,129
10.3 100,129
-14
70,100
- 9 . 0 100,130
- 5.4*
100,130
- 1 . 9 * 100,130
- 5.0 *
100,130
- 2.3*
100,130
- 8 . 4 100,131
- 2 . 0 100,132
4.8
100,132
~ 18
69
71
71
-45.8*
100,134
100,134
-15.2*
100,134
-47.0*
100,133
- 34 *
140
- 45 *
140
-52*
140
-45 *
140
-40*
140
- 3 5 *
140
-26*
140
-40*
141
- 32 *
141
- 38 *
141
-40 *
141
72
17.8 100,135
139
139
0.4
73,74
17.0* 73,100
3.9
73,100
148
148
74
139,151
139,151
139,151
139,151
139,151
139,151
139,151
139,151
11
75
4.6
100,129
9.9* 142,143
11.3 142,143
12.4* 143
TABLE 4. cont'd
x 10 2S cm 3
Polymer
Solvent
Polymaltotriose
Dimethylsulfoxide
Water
Aqueous NaCl 0.2 M
0.15M
0.10M
0.01 M
0.005 M
0.001 M
33 to 39
109*
634*
645*
680*
980*
1300*
1750*
Acetic acid 4- NaCl,

IS = 0.1 to 0.5
670*
Sulfate cellulose, sodium salt

DS = 0.4
CHITINS
Chitozane
x 10 25 cm 3
7
16 *
17*
16 *
16*
16*
16*
Refs.
149
149
76, 100
76,100
76,100
76,100
76,100
76,100
174
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G e l a t i o n
P r o p e r t i e s
A.
o f
P o l y m e r
S o l u t i o n s
Hiltner
Department of Macromolecular Science, School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, O H , USA
Some polymer solutions show the phenomenon of gelation.

The polymeric chains form association complexes at
widely separated points at a certain reduced solvent
power of the medium. This leads to the formation of a
continuous physical network structure extending throughout the volume of the system. The association producing
quasi-crosslinkages is a reversible process, so that the gel
may be liquified and reset many times. The nature of
the linkages is rather imperfectly understood, but the
phenomenon is usually encountered with more or less
crystalline polymers. Sometimes, sharp X-ray diffraction
patterns are observed which disappear at the melting point
of the gel.
The table contains data for a selected number of
synthetic polymers which are capable of forming physical,
thermoreversible gels with various solvents. Since no
standard definition or standard measurement methods have
been established for physical polymer gels, the gelation
properties are taken from the references cited.
EXPLANATION OF ABBREVIATIONS USED

Mw
A
5
Polymer
The molecular weight of polymer refers to the

weight average molecular weight unless otherwise
stated.
The branch density of branched polymer.
The syndiotacticity diad content in %.
Solvent
Poly(ethylene), low density

A = 2.9
Decalin
A = 6.8
Decalin
A = 5.6
Decalin
A = 8.9
Decalin
A = 6.8
Toluene
A = 6.8
o-Xylene
A = 6.8
A = 6.8
Tetralin
A = 3.1
Cyclohexane-CS
A =4.7
(1/1, v/v)
A= 12.2
A = 7.18
Cyclohexane-CS2
A=O
(1/1, v/v)
A = 4.07
Mw
74000
161000
137000
175000
161000
161000
161000
161000
30000
65000
222000
30000
10100
15100
Cone, (g/1)
50-140
40-140
50-140
50-140
60-150
50-140
50-150
60-140
40-75
40-75
30-75
65-95
30-65
50-95
TgQ\
Tm
A//m
The temperature (in degrees centigrade) at which

the gel forms when the solution is cooled; the solgel transition temperature.
The melting temperature (in degrees centigrade);
the gel-sol transition temperature.
When DSC was used, this is the enthalpy
associated with the endotherm. When other
methods are used, AH is obtained from the van't
Hoff plot.
Methods Used for the Measurement of Melting

Temperature of the Gel
1. Flow: A U-tube in which the two limbs are joined by
a capillary section is used. The gel is allowed to set
with different heights in the two links and the melting
point is the temperature at which flow starts from one
limb to the other.
2. Ball drop: A steel ball with a known diameter or
weight is placed on the gel and the gel warmed at a
certain heating rate. The ball drops at the gel melting
temperature.
3. DSC: Differential scanning calorimetry.
4. Tilting: The gel is warmed in the test tube and the
melting point is observed when the gel begins to flow
under its own weight when the upright test tube is
tilted.
Tgel (0C)
Tm (0C)
54-72
58-72
60-74
50-67
68-76
67-76
68-75
72-78
30-41
36-43
34-44
40-55
73-75
55-65
AH m (kj/mol)
Method
Refs.
Ball drop
Ball drop
Polymer
Solvent
Mw
Cone, (g/1)
Tgel ( C)
T 111 ( 0 C)
A / / m (kj/mol)
Method
Poly(ethylene), high density

<?-Dichlorobenzene
Poly(ethylene-co-butene-1) Decalin
Poly(ethy]ene-c<94-methylpentene-i)
Poly(ethylene-ro-octene-1)
Poly(propylene)
Poly(4-methylpentene-1)
Poly(acrylonitrile)
Poly(acrylonitrile-a?vinyl acetate)
Cyclopentane
Cyclohexane
Dimethyl sulfoxide
DimethyJacetarnide
Dimethyl sulfoxide
Dimethylformamide
Ethylene carbonate
y-Butyrolactone
n-Aliphatic alcohols
C= 7
C= 8
C= 9
C=IO
C=12
Hydrocarbons
C=IO
C=12
C =14
C = 16
/7-Decane
Cetane
Alcohols
Poly(docosyl acrylate)
Poly(octadecyl acrylate)
/7-Aliphatic alcohols
C= 7
C= 8
C=IO
C=12
/?-Aliphatic alcohols
C= 7
C= 8
C=IO
C = 12
Hydrocarbons
C= 6
C= 8
C=12
220000
113000
104000
71000
55000
80000
84000
87000
83000
119000
80000
90000
200000
200000
200000
200000
200000
120
50-140
60-140
50-140
60-140
60-140
50-120
60-120
50-120
50-100
60-120
50-115
50
100
5-100
72
240-280
270-320
290-310
230-300
250-270
Tilting
26
23
Visual observation
10
22
Flow
15
18
DSC
24
DSC
24
57
57
56
56
DSC
24
38
38
37
37
DSC
24
89
10
129
86-91
87-90.5
83-88
82-89
88.5-92.5
89.5-93
89-93
91-94.5
92-95
91-94
90.5-94
97.7
80
45
35
42-75
34-46
56-66
41-72
66-73
28
28
27
26
25
100
200
400
500
700
800
900
300
500
700
900
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
Refs.
12
15
24
26
17
18
18
20
25
26
30
30
31
32
34
29
29
28
27
27
27
27
28
29
18
20
28
35 (J/g)
79
96
8
12
21
29
38
46
50
59
Polymer
Solvent
Poly(methyl methacrylate) Dimethylformamide

Poly(vinyl acetate)
Poly(vinyl alcohol)
highly syndiotactic
5 = 65%
Glycerin/water (40/60)
Mw
Cone, (g/1)
Tm (0C)
AHm (kj/mol)
(60/40)
60000
(80/20)
60000
20
50
100
200
20
50
100
200
100
151
200
250
82
94
99
106
96
101
112
123
35
58
73
78
Af-Methylpyrrolidone
60000
50
100
200
87.5
101
120
54
Formamide
60000
20
50
100
200
62
68
98
106
48
90
140
200
300
0.6
0.8
1
2
3
5
0.4
0.8
1
2
3
4
5
Phenol/water
Bromobenzene
Dichloroethane
Dimethyl phthalate
Dioxane
34000
59000
145000
235000
98000
145000
154000
34000
62000
145000
135000
154000
200000
154000
56000
103000
114200
133000
62000
145000
235000
19
5
6.5
10
12.5
100
100
100
100
100
100
80-120
100
100
100
100
10-100
100 (w/w)
50-120
50-140
40-100
30-100
20-80
100
100
100
19
15
7
20
47
58
75
82
86
102
105
118
42
59
60
72
79
88
93
28
20
29
37
42
27.3
48.0
88.3
116
44
73
42-72
85.5
99.0
116
133
52.0-104.0
50-67*
42.0-84.0
45-70
50-75
50-80
60-85
43.5
79.8
96.9
14
71
60000
Water
Refs.
54
Methanol/water (40/60)
45%
Method
A very special case of gelation is observed in cosolutions of isotactic and

syndiotactic PMMA.
60000
50
77
55
100
89
200
101
57%
7gei (0C)
58
Tilting
27
DSC
20
51
Ball drop
2
13.0
2
50.6
50.6
36
35
37
45
3,4
2
1
Ball drop
Polymer
Solvent
Bromobenzene
1,2-Dichlorobenzene
Nitrobenzene
Butanone
Tritolyl phosphate
Di-isopropyl ketone
Dimethyl phthalate
Nitrochlorobenzene
Dibutyl phthalate
Poly(styrene), atactic
Dipentyl phthalate
Dihexyl phthalate
Diheptyl phthalate
Dinonyl phthalate
Pentan-3-one
Dimethylformamide
Tetrachloroethane
Chlorobenzene
Methoxybenzene
Carbon disulfide
Poly(styrene), isotactic
w-Amyl acetate
Isoamyl acetate
n-Butyl acetate
fl-Propyl acetate
1-Chloropentane
1-Chlorobutane
1-Chloropropane
Decalin
1-Chlorodecane
Nitrobenzene
Aniline
Benzaldehyde
Poly(oxy-2,6-dimethyl1-Bromonaphthalene
phenylene)
1-Chloronaphthalene
Carbon disulfide
Poly(y-benzyl L-glutamate) Benzyl alcohol
a
b
Mw
Cone, (g/1)
40-120
100 (w/w)
92
100 (w/w)
100 (w/w)
200000
100 (w/w)
56000
92
200000
100 (w/w)
56000
92
200000
100 (w/w)
200000
100 (w/w)
200000
100 (w/w)
100 (w/w)
148000
40-70
56000
92
148000
40-70
148000
40-70
148000
40-70
148000
50
56000
92
56000
92
56000
92
56000
92
56000
92
2000000
5-135
670000
10-140
410000
17-170
200000
20-150
30000
70-190
20000
90-170
4000
120-180
670000
166
670000
166
670000
166
670000
166
670000
166
670000
166
670000
166
190000
50
670000
10
670000
10
670000
10
670000
10
670000
10
25000 (Mv)
25000 (Mv)
25000 (Mv)
50000 (Mv)
30
80000
30
150000
30
300000
30
150000
50
150000
100
150000
200
150000
300
150000
400
150000
500
Tgel (0C)
154000
200000
56000
200000
12
25
-2
-20
-35
25
25
Tm (0C)
38.0-82.5
40-63
76.2
44-68
55-90 a
40-55
32.7
56-76
51.0
58-87
54-89
54-74
43-75
90-105
93.7
97-112
101-119
107-123
126
46.7
20.0
69.1
78.4
85.1
-53-7
-63-0
- 56 to - 1 0
- 70 to - 20
- 76 to - 1 2
- 72 to - 22
-55 to-23
-52
-56
-65
-68
-76
-79
-86
670
63
88
52
5
20
110
86
0
50
55
58
58
55
56
58
58.5
59
60
AHm (kj/mol)
21.0
90-110*
34.0
87-103*
90-137*
57-75*
23.1
98-102*
17.2
96-142*
89-120*
100-150*
116-139*
22.3
Method
DSC
Flow
Flow
10.9
35.7
61.7
43.1
31
27
26
24
10
6
5
11.7
11.4
10.6
10.6
12.2
8.0
5.8
62
Refs.
2
3,4
1
3,4
3,4
3,4
1
3,4
1
3,4
3,4
3,4
3,4
25
1
25
Tilting
1
1
1
1
1
13
DSC
Tilting
11
12
Tilting
12
Ball drop
21
Ti endotherm.
Ti endotherm.
REFERENCES
1. M. A. Harrison, P. H. Morgan, G. S. Park, Eur. Polym. J., 8,

1361 (1972).
2. Y. C. Yang, P. H. Geil, J. Macromol. Sci. B: Phys., 22, 463
(1983).
3. S. J. Guerrero, A. Keller, J. Macromol. Sci. B: Phys., 20 (2),

167 (1981).
4. S. J. Guerrero, A. Keller, P. L. Soni, P. H. Geil, J. Polym. Sci.,
Polym. Phys. Ed., 18, 1533 (1980).
5. S. J. Guerrero, A. Keller, P. L. Soni, P. H. Geil, J. Macromol.

Sci. B: Phys., 20(2), 161 (1981).
6. H. Matsuda, M. Imaizumi, H. Fujimatsu, S. Kuroiwa,
M. Okabe, Polym. J., 16 (2), 151 (1984).
7. H. Matsuda, K. Araki, H. Fujimatsu, S. Kuroiwa, Poiym. J., 13
(6), 587 (1981).
8. A. Takahashi, M. Sakai, T. Kato, Polym. J., 12 (5), 335
(1980).
9. P. J. Barham, Polymer, 23 (8), 1112 (1982).
10. JP 57,180,635 [82,180,635] (1982)).
11. M. Giroiamo, A. Keller, K. Miyasaka, N. Overberg, J. Polym.
Sci., Polym. Phys. Ed., 14, 39 (1976).
12. S. Wellinghoff, J. Shaw, E. Baer, Macromol., 12 (5), 932
(1979).
13. H. -M. Tan, A. Moet, A. Hiltner, E. Baer, Macromol., 16 (1),
28 (1983).
14. C. F. Ryan. P. C. Fleischer, Jr., J. Phys. Chem., 69, 3384
(1965).
15. S. Vladimir, Czech. Patent 178, 638 (1979).
16. J. Bisschops. J. Polym. Sci., 17, 89 (1955).
17. J. Bisschops, J. Polym. Sci., 12, 583 (1954).

18. D. R. Paul, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 11, 439 (1967).
19. L. Z. Rogovina, G. L. Slonimskii, L. S. Gembitskii, Ye. A.
Serova, V. A. Grigor'eva, Ye. N. Gubenkova, Vysokomol
Soyed. A, 15 (6), 1256(1973).
20. S. Matsuzawa, K. Yamaura, H. Kobayashi, Colloid Polym.
Sci., 259, 1147 (1981).
21. S. Sasaki, M. Hikata, C. Shiraki, I. Uematsu, Polym. J., 14,
205 (1982).
22. G. Charlet, H. Phuong-Nguyen, G. Delmas, Macromol., 17,
1200(1984).
23. H.-M. Tan, B. H. Chang, E. Baer, A. Hiltner, Eur. Polym. J.,
19, 1021 (1983).
24. R. V. Tal'roze, V. P. Shibaev, N. A. Plate, J. Polym. Sci. Symp.,
44, 35 (1974).
25. S. A. Leharne, G. S. Park, Eur. Polym. J., 21, 383 (1985).
26. M. Okabe, M. Isayama, H. Matsuda, Polym. J., 17, 369
(1985).
27. M. Komatsu, T. Inoue, K. Miyasaka, J. Polym. Sci., Polym.
Phys. Ed., 24, 303 (1986).
S E C T I O N
A
E
T
R
V I I I
O
N
N
A
S
M
O
E
A b b r e v i a t i o n s
F i b e r s ,
f o r
T h e r m o p l a s t i c s ,
E l a s t o m e r s ,
a n d
T h e r m o s e t s ,
A d d i t i v e s
H a n s - G . Elias
A. Introduction
B. Abbreviations in Alphabetical Order
C. Abbreviations and Acronyms Based on
Poly(monomer) Names
D. Abbreviations for Polymers Named After a
Characteristic Polymer Croup
E. Abbreviations for Polymers Produced by
Chemical Transformation of Other Polymers
F. Abbreviations for Blends, Reinforced
Polymers, etc.
G. ISO Codes for Thermoplastic Materials
1. Codes for ISO Data Blocks 1-5
1.1. ISO and DlN Codes for Data
Block 1
1.2. ISO Codes for Items in Data
Block 2
1.3. ISO Codes for Items in Data
Block 3
1.4. ISO Codes for Extending and
Reinforcing Fillers (Data Block 4)
1.5. ISO Codes for Data Block 5
H. SPI Codes for the Recycling of Plastics
I. Recommended Abbreviations and Acronyms
for Names of Elastomers
J. Abbreviations for Textile Fibers
A.
VIII-1
VIII-2
VIII-15
VIII-17
The following tables report abbreviations either found in

the scientific or technical literature or recommended or
proposed by the organizations listed below. Note that * and
** are part of the recommended ASTM abbreviations and
acronyms and not symbols for footnotes.
ANSI/ASTM
VIII-18
VIII-19
VIII-19
VIII-19
VIII-19
VHI-20
VHI-20
VIII-20
VIII-21
VIII-21
VIII-21
VIII-22
INTRODUCTION
Abbreviations and acronyms for the names of thermoplastics, thermosets, fibers, elastomers, and additives have
been proposed by many national and international organizations. Some of these abbreviations were introduced by
law, others are trademarks in certain countries. As a result,
the same abbreviation is often used for different polymers.
The same polymer may also have different abbreviations or
acronyms. Furthermore, some abbreviations refer to
chemical compounds (IUPAC) whereas abbreviations
recommended by ASTM, BS, DIN, and ISO usually refer
to plastics, fibers, elastomers, etc., that are based on the
corresponding polymers, i.e., polymers plus additives,
modifiers, fillers, etc.
ASTM
BS
DIN
EDV
EC
ISO
IUPAC
WTR
American National Standards Institute

(ASTM D 1600-75; D 1600-86a; D
1418-77)
American Society for Testing of Materials
(ASTM D 1600-64; D 1600-86a; D
1418-67; D 4020-81)
British Standards (Standard 3502-1862)
German Industrial Standard (DIN 7723,
7728, 16913, 55950, 60001)
Data processing key of the European
Textile Characterization Law
European Community
International Organization for Standardization (ISO 1043-1980, 1629-1980)
International Union for Pure and Applied
Chemistry [Pure Appl Chem., 18, 583
(1969); 40, 473 (1974); 59, 691 (1987)]
Working Group Toxicology of Rubber
Auxiliaries
Section B lists, in alphabetical order, the abbreviations and

acronyms for thermoplastics, thermosets, fibers, elastomers,
and additives. Sections C and D list the abbreviations for
polymers, based on their monomeric units and characteristic groups, respectively. Section E contains abbreviations
and acronyms for polymers obtained by chemical transformation of base polymers. Section F contains special
abbreviations for blends, reinforced polymers, etc., and
Section G the ISO and DIN codes for plastics. Section H
lists the special abbreviations connected with the recycling
of plastics. Recommended abbreviations and acronyms for
elastomers and fibers are given in Sections I and J,
respectively.
The material presented has been reproduced (with small
corrections and additions) with the permission of the
following publishers:
Hiithig Verlag, Heidelberg (H.-G. Elias, Makromolektile,

vol. II, 5th ed. 1992; Tables 2 - 5 and 8-10);
VCH Verlag, Weinheim (H.-G. Elias, An Introduction to
Plastics, 1993; Table 6 (incl. text)).
B. ABBREVIATIONS IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER
AB
ABR
ABS
AC
ACM
ACS
ACSP
ADA
ADC
ADCK
ADEC
ADPA
AE
AES
AF
AFK
AFMU
AG
Ag
AI
AIBN
Ak
AL
AMMA
A/MMA
Manila hemp fibers (Abaca) (EDV); see

also Ma
Acrylate-butadiene rubber; elastomeric
copolymer from an acrylic ester and
butadiene (ANSI/ASTM, IUPAC); see
also AR
Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene; a thermoplastic from acrylonitrile, butadiene
and styrene (ASTM, DIN, ISO, IUPAC)
Fiber from deacetylated cellulose acetate
(EDV)
Elastic copolymer from an acrylic ester
and a small proportion of a vulcanizable
monomer, e.g., 2-chlorovinyl ether (ANSI,
ASTM)
Thermoplastic blend of a copolymer from
acrylonitrile and styrene with chlorinated
poly(ethylene)
Acetyl cyclohexylsulfonyl peroxide
Adipic acid
Azodicarbonamide (WTR), see also
ADEC
Activated azodicarbonamide (WTR)
Ammonium diethyl dithiocarbamate
(WTR); see also ADC
Condensation product from acetone and
diphenylamine (WTR)
Aminoethyl (with cellulosics)
Thermoplastic
quaterpolymer
from
acrylonitrile, ethylene, propylene, and
styrene
Other fibers (i.e., those not specified by the
EDV system)
Asbestos fiber reinforced plastic
Elastomeric terpolymer from tetrafluoroethylene, trifluoronitrosomethane, and a
small amount of nitrosoperfluorobutyric
acid; nitroso rubber (ANSI/ASTM); see
also CNR
Alginate fiber (EDV)
1. Silver (IUPAC)
2. Esparto grass fiber (DIN)
Amide-imide polymers
A^/V-Azobisisobutyronitrile
Angora wool (DIN)
1. Alfalfa fibers (EDV)
2. Alginate fibers (DIN); see also AG
Thermoplastic copolymer from acrylonitrile and methyl methacrylate (ASTM);
see also A/MMA
See AMMA
An
AN
An-AE
ANM
AO
Ap
AP
APH
APR
APT
APTK
Aq
AR
As
AS
ASA
AJS/A
ASE
ASR
ATE
ATH
ATO
AU
AU-I
AU-P
BA
BAA
BBP
BD
BDMA
BDP
BDSH
BFE
Calatropis fiber (DIN)

Acrylonitrile
Elastomeric copolymer from acrylonitrile
and acrylic ester; see also ANM
See AN-AE
Antioxidant
Alpaca wool (DIN)
Elastic copolymer from ethylene and
propylene; see also APR, E/P, EPM, and
EPR (older German literature)
Alkylated phenol
See AP
Elastomeric copolymer from ethylene,
propylene, and an unsaturated termonomer; see also APTK, EPD, EPDM, EPT,
EPTR
Elastomeric copolymer from ethylene,
propylene, and an unsaturated termonomer; see also APT, EPD, EPDM, EPT,
EPTR
Anthraquinone
1. Elastomeric copolymer from acrylic
esters and olefins; see also ABR
2. Ardein fibers (DIN)
1. Arsenic (IUPAC).
2. Asbestos (DIN); see also AS
Asbestos fiber (EDV); see also As
Thermoplastic copolymer from acrylonitrile, styrene, and acrylic esters (ASTM);
see also A/S/A
Thermoplastic copolymer from acrylonitrile, styrene, and acrylic esters (DIN,
ISO); see also ASA
Alkylsulfonic acid ester (ISO)
Alkylene sulfide rubber
Aluminium triethyl
Alumina trihydrate
Antimony trioxide
1. Elastomeric polyurethane with polyester segments (ANSI/ASTM, ISO)
2. Polyester rubbers with carbon, oxygen,
and nitrogen in the chain. Both classifications probably refer to the same type of
elastomer
AU, cross-linkable with isocyanates
AU, cross-linkable with peroxides
Condensation product of butyraldehyde
and aniline (WTR)
Condensation product of butyraldehyde
and aniline
Benzylbutyl phthalate (DIN, ISO)
1. 1,4-Butanediol
2. Derivative of benzofuran
Butanediol 1,4-dimethacrylate (WTR)
Butyldecyl phthalate (WTR)
Benzene-1,3-disulfonyI hydrazide (WTR)
Bromotrifluoroethylene polymers
BFK
BHA
BHET
BHT
BiDMC
BIIR
BMC
BMDC
BOA
BOP
BOPP
BP
BPH
BPO
BR
BSH
BT
BTDA
BTX
Buna
Butyl
BVE
Bw
Boron fiber reinforced plastic (German

technical literature)
Butylated hydroxyanisole; /-butyl-4-methoxyphenol
Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate
Butylated hydroxytoluene; 2,6-di(r-butyl)p-cresol
Bismuth dimethyl dithiocarbamate
(WTR); see also BMDC
Brominated elastomer from isobutene and
isoprene; bromobutyl rubber (ANSI/
ASTM)
Bulk molding compound
Bismuth dimethyl dithiocarbamate (WTR)
Benzyl octyl adipate ( = benzyl 2-ethylhexyl adipate) (ISO)
Benzyl octyl phthalate ( = benzyl 2-ethylhexyl phthalate)
Biaxially oriented polypropylene) film;
balanced oriented poly(propylene) film
Poly(butadiene) rubber; see also BR and
CBR
2,2 '-Methylene-bis(4-methyl-6-f-butylphenol) (WTR)
Dibenzoyl peroxide
Elastomeric poly(butadiene); butadiene
rubber (ANSI/ASTM, IUPAC); see also
BP and CBR
Benzene sulfonyl hydrazide (WTR)
Thermoplastic poly(l-butene); see also
Pb, PBT
3,3 ',4,4 '-Benzophenonetetracarboxylic
dianhydride
Benzene, toluene, and xylenes
Butadiene elastomers (old German literature). The first types were synthesized by
sodium ('Wtftrium") initiated totadiene
polymerizations, hence the name "Buna";
the various grades were differentiated by
numbers (hence "number Buna"). Later
Buna types were copolymers from the
free-radical copolymerization of butadiene
with various comonomers. These types
were called ''letter Buna" (Buna
S = copolymer of butadiene and styrene,
Buna N = copolymer of butadiene and
acrylonitrile, etc.).
Elastomeric copolymer from isobutene
and isoprene; butyl rubber (BS); see also
GR-I, IIR, PIBI
Butyl vinyl ether (WTR)
Cotton ("Baumwolle") (DIN); see also
CO
C
CA
CAB
CAP
CAR
CBA
CBR
CBS
CC
CDB
CdDEC
CDP
CdPDC
CE
CEM
CF
CFK
CFM
CFRP
CHC
CHDM
CHR
CUR
CL
CM
CMBT
1. Carbon (IUPAC)
2. Channel black
3. Cellophane (ASTM); "Cellophan " " is
a registered trademark in Germany
CMC
Saran coated cellophane (ASTM)

1. Cellulose acetate (ASTM, DIN, ISO,
IUPAC); see also AC
2. Hemp fibers (EDV)
Cellulose acetate-butyrate (ASTM, DIN,
ISO, IUPAC)
Cellulose acetate-propionate (ASTM,
DIN, ISO, IUPAC)
Carbon fiber
Chemical blowing agent
Butadiene rubber; l,4-c/.s-poly(butadiene);
see also BP and BR
/V-Cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazolesulfene
amide
1. Cocos fiber (EDV)
2. Cupro (regenerated cellulose fibers via
the copper/ammonia process (DIN); see
also CU
Conjugated diene butyl elastomer
Cadmium diethyl dithiocarbamate (WTR);
also Cd-DEDC
Cresyl diphenyl phosphate
Cadmium pentamethylene dithiocarbamate (WTR)
Cellulose plastics in general (ASTM)
Poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) (ASTM);
see also CFM, CTFE, PCTFE
Thermoset from cresol and formaldehyde;
cresol-formaldehyde resin (ASTM, DIN,
ISO, IUPAC)
1. Man-made fiber reinforced plastic (German technical literature: "Chemie/aserverstarkter Xiinststoff")
2. Carbon fiber reinforced plastic (German
technical literature); see also CRP
I. Poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) (ANSI/
ASTM); see also CEM, CTFE, PCTFE
2. Copolymer from chlorotrifluoroethylene
and vinylidene fluoride
Carbon fiber reinforced plastics
Elastomeric copolymer from epichlorohydrin and ethylene oxide; see also
ECO
1,4-Cyclohexanedimethylol
Elastomeric poly(epichlorohydrin) (ISO);
see also CO
Postchlorinated elastomeric copolymer
from isobutene and isoprene (ANSI/
ASTM)
Poly(vinyl chloride) fiber (EWG; EDV);
see also PVC
Postchlorinated poly(ethylene) (ANSI/
ASTM); see also CPE
Copper mercaptobenzothiazole, see also
CuMBT
1. Carboxymethylcellulose (ASTM, DIN,
ISO, IUPAC)
2. Critical micelle concentration
CMHEC
CMF
CN
C/N
CNR
CO
COX
CP
CP.
CP2
CP4
CPE
CPET
CPI
CPP
CPVC
CR
CRP
CS
CSM
CSPR
CSR
CT
CTA
CTFE
CTP
CTS
CU
(Carboxymethyl/hydroxyethyl) cellulose
Classified mineral filler
Cellulose nitrate (ASTM, DIN, ISO,
IUPAC); see also NC, C/N
Cellulose nitrate, see also CN, NC
Elastomeric terpolymer from tetrafluoroethylene, trifluoronitrosomethane, and a
small amount of an unsaturated termonomer, e.g., nitrosoperfluorobutyric acid;
nitroso rubber, carboxynitroso rubber; see
also AFMU
1. Elastomeric poly(chloromethyl)oxirane;
poly(epichlorohydrin) (ANSI/ASTM;
ISO); see also CHR
2. Cotton (EDV); see also Bw
Carboxylic rubber
Cellulose propionate (ASTM, DIN, ISO,
IUPAC)
Chemically pure
Alternating copolymer from vinyl ether
and maleic acid
Copolymer from acrylic acid and maleic
acid
Chlorinated poly(ethylene) (ASTM); see
also CM
Crystallizable poly(ethylene terephthalate)
(i.e., a PET with fast-acting nucleating
agents) (trade journals)
cw-Poly(isoprene); see also IR, PIP
Spinning paper (small cut strips from
sodium cellulose or sulfite cellulose paper)
or cellulon (wet strips from cellulose pulp)
(DIN)
1. Postchlorinated poly(vinyl chloride)
(ASTM); see also PC, PeCe, PVCC
2. Critical pigment concentration
Poly(chloroprene) (ANSI/ASTM, BS,
IUPAC)
Carbon fiber reinforced plastics; see also
CFK
Casein (ASTM, DIN, ISO, IUPAC)
Chlorosulfonated poly(ethylene) (ANSI/
ASTM); see also CSPR, CSR
Chlorosulfonated poly(ethylene) (BS); see
also CSM, CSR
Chlorosulfonated poly(ethylene); see also
CM, CSPR
1. Cellulose triacetate (DIN); see also
CTA, TA
2. Continuous thread
Cellulose triacetate (ASTM); see also CT,
TA
Poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) (ASTM);
see also CEM, CFM, PCTFE
N-Cyclohexylthiophthalimide (WTR)
Compact tension specimen
Copper silk ("cupro silk" = regenerated
cellulose fibers) (EDV); see also CC
CuDEC
CuDMC
CuMBT
Culhp
CV
DABCOll
DAC
DADI
DAF
DAIP
DAM
DAP
DATBP
DBDPO
DBEEA
DBEP
DBF
DBNPG
DBP
DBPPD
DBS
DBTDL
DBTU
DCBS
DCHP
DCP
DDP
DE
DEA
DEAE
DEG
DEHP
DEP
DETA
DETU
DGEBA
DHA
DHBP
DHP
DHS
DHXP
DIBA
DIBP
DIDA
Copper diethyl dithiocarbamate (WTR);

also CDC, CuDC
Copper dimethyl dithiocarbamate (WTR);
see also CuDMDC
Copper mercaptobenzothiazole; see also
CMBT
Copper laminated hard paper (German
Viscose (rayon) (DIN); see also VI
Triethylenediamine = Diazabicyclo [2.2.2]
octane
Diallyl chlorendate; diallyl 1,4,5,6,7,7hexachlorobicyclo[2.2.2]hept-5 ene-2,3dicarboxylate (ASTM)
Dianisidine diisocyanate (WTR)
Diallyl fumarate (ASTM)
Diallyl isophthalate resin (ASTM)
Diallyl isophthalate resin (ASTM)
Diallyl phthalate resin (ASTM, DIN); see
also FDAP
Diallyl tetrabromophthalate
Decabromodiphenyl oxide
Dibutoxyethoxyethyl adipate (WTR)
Bis(2-butoxyethyl) phthalate
Dibutyl fumarate
Dibromoneopentyl glycol
Dibutyl phthalate (ASTM, DIN, ISO,
IUPAC)
A^r,A^/-Di(5-butyl)-/7-phenylenediamine
(WTR)
Dibutyl sebacate
Dibutyltin dilaurate
Dibutyl urea (WTR)
Benzothiazyl-2-dicyclohexylsuIfene
amide (WTR)
Dicyclohexyl phthalate
Dicapryl phthalate (ASTM, DIN, ISO,
IUPAC)
Didecyl phthalate
Diatomaceous earth
AîV-Diethylaniline
(Diethylamino)ethyl- (with cellulose)
Diethylene glycol
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate; see also DOP
Diethyl phthalate (ISO)
Diethylenetriamine (WTR)
Diethyl thiourea (WTR)
Diglycidyl ethers of bisphenol A
Dehydroacetic acid, acetic anhydride
2,4-Dihydroxy benzophenone (WTR)
Diheptyl phthalate (ISO)
Dihexyl sebacate (WTR)
Dihexyl phthalate (ISO)
Diisobutyl adipate
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIN, ISO)
Diisodecyl adipate (ASTM, DIN, ISO,
IUPAC)
DIDG
DIDP
DINA
DINP
DIOA
DIOF
DIOM
DIOP
DIOS
DIOZ
DIPP
DITDP
DITP
DLTDP
DMA
DMAA
DMAC
DMBPPD
DMBS
DMC
DME
DMEP
DMF
DMG
DMHPPD
DMP
DMPTD
DMSO
DMT
DMTD
DMTDP
DMTDS
DNA
DNHZ
DNODA
DNPDP
DNP
DNPT
DNS
DOA
DODP
Diisodecyl glutarate
Diisodecyl phthalate (ASTM, DIN, ISO,
IUPAC)
Diisononyl adipate (ISO)
Diisononyl phthalate (DIN, ISO)
Diisooctyl adipate (ASTM, DIN, ISO,
IUPAC)
Diisooctyl fumarate
Diisooctyl maleate (WTR)
Diisooctyl phthalate (ASTM, DIN, ISO,
IUPAC)
Diisooctyl sebacate
Diisooctyl azelate
Diisopentyl phthalate
Diisotridecyl phthalate (DIN, ISO); see
also DITP
Diisotridecyl phthalate (DIN); see also
DITDP
Dilauryl 3,3 '-thiodipropionate
AÂf-Dimethylacetamide
/V,/V-Dimethylacetoacetamide
/V,/V-Dimethylacetamide
AH1,3~Dimethylbutyl)-N '-phenyl-/?-phenylenediamine (WTR)
Dimethylbenzothiazylsulfeneamide
(WTR)
Dough molding compound (UP resin)
(DIN)
1. Dimethylethanolamine, 2-(dimethyla~
mino)ethanol
Bis(2-methoxyethyl) phthalate
1. /V,AT-Dimethyl phthalate (ISO); 2. NJVdimethyl formamide
Dimethyl glutarate
Ar,A^r/-Di(3-methylheptyl)-/?-phenylenediamine (WTR)
Dimethyl phthalate (ISO)
Dimethylphenyl thiuram disulfide (WTR)
Dimethyl sulfoxide
Dimethyl terephthalate
2,5-Dimercapto-l,3,4-thiadiazole (WTR)
Dimyristyl-3,3 '-thiodipropionate
2,5-Dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole disulfide
(WTR)
1. Deoxyribonucleic acid
2. Dinonyl adipate
Di(w-hexyl) azelate
Di(fi-octadecyl) adipate
Di(w-octadecyl) phthalate (ASTM)
Dinonyl phthalate (ASTM, ISO, IUPAC)
AyV~Dinitrosopentamethylene tetramine
1. Di(3,5,5-trimethylhexyl) sebacate
(WTR)
2. Deoxyribonucleic acid (German: Des
oxyribonukleinsaure)
Dioctyl adipate, bis(2-ethylhexyl)adipate
(ASTM, DIN, ISO, IUPAC)
Di(octadecyl) phthalate (ISO)
DOF
DOIP
DOM
DOP
DOS
DOTG
DOTP
DOZ
DPA
DPCF
DPCP
DPG
DPOF
DPOP
DPP
DPPD
DPQD
DPTD
DPTH
DPDM
DPTT
DPTU
DR
DRC
DS
DSTDP
DTBP
DTDC
DTDM
DTDP
DTPD
DUP
DVB
EA
EAA
EAM
EBM
Dioctyl fumarate
Dioctyl isophthalate, bis(2-ethylhexyl)
isophthalate (DIN, ISO)
Dioctyl maleate, bis(2-ethylhexyl) maleate
(WTR)
Dioctyl phthalate, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (ASTM, DIN, ISO, IUPAC)
Dioctyl sebacate, bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate (ASTM, DIN, ISO, IUPAC)
M/V'-DKo-tolyOguanidine (WTR)
Dioctyl terephthalate, bis(2-ethylhexyl)
terephthalate (DIN, ISO)
Dioctyl azelate, bis(2-ethylhexyl) azelate
Diphenylamine
Diphenyl cresyl phosphate (ASTM, ISO);
see also DPCP
Diphenyl cresyl phosphate (ASTM, ISO);
see also DPCF
AW'-Diphenylguanidine (WTR)
Diphenyl 2-ethylhexyl phosphate (ASTM,
ISO); see also EHDPP
Diphenyl octyl phosphate
1. Diphenyl phthalate
2. Dipropyl phthalate
Af5Af'-Diphenyl-/?-phenylene diamine
(WTR)
Dibenzoyl-/?-quinone dioxime
Di(pentamethylene)thiuram hexasulfide,
see also DPTH
Di(pentamethylene)thiuram hexasulfide
(WTR), see also DPTD
Di(pentamethylene)thiuram monosulfide
(WTR)
Di(pentamethylene)thiuram tetrasulfide
(WTR)
Diphenyl thiourea (WTR)
Degree of reaction
Dry rubber content
Distearyl 3,3 '-dithiopropionate
Di(r-butyl) peroxide (WTR)
Dithiodicaprolactam (WTR)
4,4-Dithiodimorpholine (WTR)
Di(tridecyl) phthalate
1. Di(tridecyl) phthalate
2. N,N '-Ditolyl-p-phenylenediamine
(WTR)
Di(undecyl) phthalate
Divinyl benzene
Segmented polyurethane fiber (Elasthan

fiber) (EDV); see also PUE
Ethylene acrylic acid copolymers
Elastomeric copolymer of ethylene and
vinyl acetate (ANSI/ASTM)
Extrusion blow molding
EC
ECB
ECO
ECTFE
E-CTFE
EDA
EDC
EDMA
EDTA
EEA
E/EA
EG
EHDPP
EHEC
EL
ELO
EMA
EOT
EP
E/P
EPC
EPD
EPDM
EPE
EP-G-G
EP-K-L
EPM
EPR
EPS
EPT
Ethyl cellulose (ASTM, DIN, ISO,

IUPAC)
Blends from ethylene copolymers with
bitumen
Elastomeric copolymer from ethylene
oxide and epichlorohydrin, chloromethyloxirane (ANSI/ASTM); see also CHC
Poly(ethylene-co-chlorotrifluoroethylene);
see also E-CTFE
Poly(ethylene-cr>chlorotrifluoroethylene);
see also ECTFE
Ethylene diamine (WTR)
Ethylene dichloride, 1,2-dichloroethane
Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
Elastomeric copolymer from ethylene and
ethyl acrylate (ASTM); see also E/EA
Elastomeric copolymer from ethylene and
ethyl acrylate (ISO); see also EEA
Ethylene glycol
2-Ethylhexyldiphenyl phosphate; see also
DPOF
Hydroxyethylcellulose
Elastodiene fiber (EDV); see also EU, LA
Epoxidized linseed oil (DIN, ISO)
1. Copolymer
from
ethylene
and
methacrylic acid (ASTM)
2. Alternating copolymer from ethylene
and maleic anhydride
Ethylene oxide polysulfide
Epoxy resin (ASTM, DIN, ISO, IUPAC)
Copolymer from ethylene and propylene
(ISO); see also AP, APR, EPM, EPR
Easy processing channel black
Elastomeric terpolymer from ethylene,
propylene, and a nonconjugated diene
(ASTM); see also APT, EPDM, EPT,
EPTR
propylene, and a nonconjugated diene
(ASTM); see also, APT, APTK, EPD,
EPT, EPTR
Ester of an epoxy resin (DIN)
Prepreg from an epoxy resin and a textile
glass fabric (German technical literature)
Prepreg from an epoxy resin and a carbon
fiber fabric (German technical literature)
propylene (ANSI/ASTM, ISO); see also
AP, APR, E/P, EPM, EPR
propylene (BS); see also AP, APR, E/P,
EPM
Expanded poly(styrene) [poly(styrene)
foam]
propylene and a diene; see also APT,
APTK, EPD, EPDM, EPTR
EPTD
EPTM
EPTR
E-PVC
ERM
E-SBR
ESC
ESCR
ESO
ET
ETCH
ETFE
E/TFE
ETG
ETMQ
EU
EVA
E/VAC
EVAL K
E/VAL
EVE
EVOH H
EVM
F
FC
FDAP
FE
FEF
FEP
FF
Diethyl diphenyl thiuram disulfide (WTR)

Diethyl diphenyl thiuram monosulfide
(WTR)
propylene and a diene (BS); see also
APT, APTK, EPD, EPDM, EPT
Emulsion-polymerized poly(vinyl chloride)
Elastin reservoir molding
Copolymer from styrene and butadiene,
polymerized in emulsion
Environmental stress cracking
Environmental stress cracking resistance
Epoxidized soy bean oil (DlN, ISO)
Ethylene polysulfide
Ethylene chlorohydrine; 2-chloroethanol
Copolymer of ethylene and tetrafluoroethylene (ASTM)
Copolymer of ethylene and tetrafluoroethylene
Ethylene triglycol
2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,2-dihydro-6-ethoxy quinoline (WTR)
1. Elastomeric polyurethane with polyether segments (ANSI/ASTM)
2. Polyether rubber with carbon, oxygen,
and nitrogen in the polymer chain (ISO)
3. Elastodiene fibers (ASTM); see also EL,
LA
Classifications 1 and 2 probably refer to
the same polymer
Copolymer from ethylene and vinyl acetate (ASTM, DIN, ISO); see also E/VAC,
EVM, VAE
Copolymer from ethylene and vinyl acetate (ASTM, DIN); see also E/VAC, EVM,
VAE
Copolymer of ethylene and vinyl alcohol
Copolymer of ethylene and vinyl alcohol
Ethylene vinyl ether
Copolymer with ethylene and vinyl alcohol units
Elastomer from ethylene and vinyl acetate; see also EVA, E/VAC, VAE
1. Fluorine (IUPAC)
2. Furnace black
Fluorocarbon
Diallyl phthalate or resins therefrom, see
also DAP
Fluorine containing elastomer
Fast extruding furnace black
Copolymer from tetrafluoroethylene and
hexafluoropropyiene (ASTM, DIN, ISO,
IUPAC); see also PFEP
1. Resin from furan and formaldehyde
(ASTM)
2. Fine furnace black
Fi
FK
FKM
FL
Fl
FMQ
FPM
FPVC
FQ
FR
FRP
FSI
FT
FVMQ
FVSI
GC
GEP
GF
GF-EP
GFK
GF-PF
GF-UP
GI
GL
GP
GPF
GPO
GR
GR-A
GRAS
GR-I
GR-N
GRP
GR-P
Fique (DIN)
Fiber reinforced plastic ("faserverstarkter
Kunststoff"; German technical literature)
Elastomer with saturated main chain and
fluoro, perfluoroalkyl, or perfluoroalkoxy
substituents (ANSI/ASTM); see also
FPM
Fluorofiber (EDV); probably fibers from
poly(tetrafluoroethylene)
Flax (DIN)
Methyl fluorosilicone rubber; see also
MFQ
1. Elastomeric copolymer from vinylidene
fluoride and hexafluoropropylene (ASTM)
2. Fluoroelastomers in general
3. Rubbers having fluoro and fluoroalkyl
or fluoroalkoxy substituent groups at the
polymer chain (ISO)
Flexible PVC film
Elastomeric silicone with fluorine containing substituents (ASTM); see also FSI
Flame retardant
Glass fiber reinforced polyester
Fluorinated silicone (ASTM); see also FQ
Fine thermal black
Silicone rubber with fluorine, vinyl, and
methyl substituents (ANSI/ASTM)
Fluorosilicone
Glass coupled
Glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin
Glass fiber reinforced plastic; see also
GFK
Glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin
Glass fiber reinforced plastic (German
Glass fiber reinforced phenolic resin
Glass fiber reinforced unsaturated polyester (German technical literature)
Broom (fibers from) (EDV)
Glass fiber (DIN, EDV)
1. Gutta percha
2. General purpose (ASTM)
General purpose furnace black
Elastomeric copolymer from propylene
oxide and allyl glycidyl ether (ANSI/
ASTM)
1. Glass fiber reinforced
2. Former US symbol for "government
rubber"
Former US symbol for nitrile rubber; see
also GR-N
Generally recognized as safe
Former US symbol for butyl rubber
Former US symbol for nitrile rubber; see
also GR-A
Glass fiber reinforced plastic
Glass fiber reinforced plastic
GR-S
Gu
GU
GUP
GUR
GV
HA
HAF
HBPA
HDI
HDPE
He
HE
HEC
HEMA
HEXA
HF
HFIP
HFP
Hgw
HIPS
Hm
HM
HMC
HMDAC
HMDI
HMF
HMPT
HMT
HMWPE
H-NBR
HP
HPA
HPC
HPMC
HPT
Former US symbol for styrene-butadiene

rubber
Guanaco wool (DIN)
Fibers from diene rubbers (old German
Glass fiber reinforced unsaturated polyester resins (German technical literature)
Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene); see also UHMPE
Glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics
Human hair (EDV)
High abrasion furnace black
2,2-bis(4-hydroxycyclohexyl)propane
Hexamethylene-1,6-diisocyanate (WTR)
High-density poly(ethylene) (ASTM); in
the older German technical literature,
HDPE was sometimes used for polyethylene) from high pressure polymerizations
("Hochdruck"), i.e., for poly(ethylene)s
with mostly low densities; see also PEH
1. Helium
2. Henequen (DIN); see also HE
Henequen (EDV); see also He
Hydroxyethylcellulose
2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate
Hexamethylene tetramine (WTR); see also
HMT
Half linen (EDV)
Hexafluoroisopropanol; 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol; see also HFP
1. Hexafluoroisopropanol; see also HFIP
2. Hexafluoropropene
Hard fabric ('' Hartgewebe'', German technical literature)
High impact poly(styrene)
Hard mat (German technical literature)
Hot melt adhesive
Sheet molding compound with high glass
fiber content (UP resin) (DIN)
Hexamethylene diamine carbamate
(WTR)
Hydrogenated diphenylmethane diisocyanate
High-modulus furnace black
Hexamethylphosphoric acid triamide; see
also HPT
Hexamethylene tetramine
Poly(ethylene) with very high molar mass
(molecular weight)
Hydrogenated nitrile rubber
Hard paper (German technical literature)
Hydroxypropyl acrylate
1. Hydroxypropyl cellulose
2. Hard processing channel black
(Hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose
Hexamethyl phosphorotriamide; see also
HMPT
HR
Hs
HS
HTBA
HTE
HTST
Hz
ICR
IEN
IFR
IHPN
HR
IM
IMW
IPA
IPDI
IPN
IPO
IPP
IPPD
IR
IRT
IS
IT
IVE
High resiliency foam

Hare hair (DIN)
1. Heat stabilized
2. High percent solids
High temperature blowing agent
Hydroxyl terminated polyether
High-temperature, short-term processing
Goat hair ("Haar von der Ziege"; DIN)
Initial concentration rubber (from undiluted natural rubber latex)
Interpenetrating elastomeric network
Intumescent flame retardant
Interpenetrating homopolymer network
and isoprene (ANSI/ASTM, IUPAC); see
also Butyl, GR-I, PIBI
Poly(isobutylene); see also PIB
Intermediate molecular weight
Isophthalic acid
3-Isophorone diisocyanate (WTR)
Interpenetrating polymer network
Isopropyl oleate
Isopropyl percarbonate; diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate
iV-Isopropyl-N '-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (WTR)
Synthetic ds-i,4-poly(isoprene) (ANSI/
ASTM, BS, IUPAC); see also CPI, PIP
Insect resistant treated
Insoluble sulfur (WTR)
Interrupted or split thread
Isobutyl vinyl ether
Ju
JU
Jute (DIN); see also JU

Jute (EDV); see also Ju
KA
KE
KEK
Kf
KFA
Km
Kn
Ko
Kp
KP
Kz
Casein fibers (DIN)

Kenaf (EDV); see also Kf
Carbon fiber reinforced plastic (DIN)
Kenaf (DIN); see also KE
Potassium fatty acid soap
Camel hair (DIN)
Rabbit hair (DIN)
Coir (DIN)
Kapok (DIN); see also KP
Kapok (EDV); see also Kp
Cashmere goat wool (DIN)
LA
Fibers from diene rubbers (DIN); see also

EL, EU
Low-density poly(ethylene) (ASTM); in
the older German technical literature,
LDPE was sometimes used for polyethylene) from low pressure polymerizations,
i.e., for poly(ethylene)s with mostly high
densities; see also NDPE
LDPE
LI
LIM
LIPN
LLDPE
Lm
LRM
LRMR
L-SBR
M
Ma
MA
MABS
MAN
MBI
MBS
MBSS
MBT
MBTS
MC
MCB
MD
MDA
MDAC
MDI
MDPE
ME
MEK
MEKP
MF
MFK
MFQ
MG
MMA
Mo
MOCA
MOD
MP
MPE
Linen, flax (EDV)

Liquid impingement molding (now RIM)
Latex interpenetrating polymer network
Linear low-density poly(ethylene)
(ASTM)
Llama wool (DIN)
Liquid reaction molding (now RIM)
Reinforced liquid reaction molding
Solution polymerized SBR
Medium thermal carbon black
Manila hemp fibers (Abaca) (DIN)
1. Modacrylic fiber (EDV); see also PAM
2. Maleic anhydride
Copolymer from methyl methacrylate,
acrylonitrile, butadiene, and styrene
Methacry lonitri Ie
Mercaptobenzimidazole; 2-benzimidazolethiol
1. Copolymer from methyl methacrylate,
butadiene, and styrene
2. Benzthiazyl-2-sulfene morpholide
(WTR)
2-(4-Morpholinyldithio)benzothiazole
(WTR)
Mercaptobenzothiazole; 2-benzthiazolethiol
2-Benzthiazolyl disulfide
Methyl cellulose
Monochlorobenzene
Modal fiber (EDV)
1. Methylenediamine
2. 4,4 '-Diaminodiphenylmethane
4-Methyl-7-(diethylarnino)coumarine
4,4 '-Diphenylmethane
diisocyanate;
methylene di-/>phenylene diisocyanate
Poly(ethylene) with medium density
( 0.93-0.94 g/cm3) (ASTM)
Metal fiber (EDV)
Methyl ethyl ketone; 2-butanone
Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide
Melamine-formaldehyde resin (ASTM,
DIN, ISO, IUPAC)
Metal fiber reinforced plastic (German
Silicone rubber having both methyl and
fluorine substituent groups on the polymer
chain (ISO); see also FMQ
Maguey (EDV)
Methyl methacrylate (ASTM)
1. Molybdenum (IUPAC)
2. Mohair wool (DIN)
4,4/-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline); 3,3 'dichloro-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane
Modacryl fiber (EWG)
Melamine-phenol -formaldehyde resin;
see also MPF
Metallized polyester film
MPF
MPPPD
MPQ
MPTD
M-PVC
MPVQ
MQ
MR
Ms
MSA
MT
MTI
MTM
MVQ
MWR
NBR
NC
NCR
NDBC
NDGA
NDI
NDOP
NDPA
NDPE
NEM
Nf
NHDP
NIR
NK
NMP
NODA
NODP
NPG
NPP
NR
Melamine-phenol-formaldehyde resin
(ISO); see also MP
^MethyI-2-pentyl-N'-phenyl-/?-phenylene diamine (WTR)
Silicone rubbers having both methyl and
phenyl substituent groups on the polymer
chain (ISO); see also PMQ
Dimethyl diphenyl thiuram disulfide
(WTR)
PVC, polymerized in bulk (mass) (German
Silicone rubbers having methyl, phenyl,
and vinyl substituent groups on the polymer chain (ISO); see also PVMQ
Elastomeric silicones with methyl substituents (ANSI/ASTM)
Mold resistant
Silk from the silkworm (mulberry spinner;
Bombyx inori L) (DIN)
Maleic anhydride (German technical
literature)
Metal fibers (DIN); see also ME
Methylene tri(/?-phenylene isocyanate)
Mixed tertiary mercaptans
Silicone rubbers having both methyl and
vinyl substituent groups on the polymer
chain (ISO); see also VMQ
Molding with rotation
Elastomeric copolymer from butadiene

and acrylonitrile; nitrile rubber (ANSI/
ASTM, BS, IUPAC); see also GR-N,
PBAN
Cellulose nitrate; see also SN
and chloroprene (ANSI/ASTM, IUPAC)
Nickel dibutyl dithiocarbamate (WTR)
Nordihydroguaiaretic acid
1,5-Diisocyanatonaphthalene (WTR)
n-Decyl-w-octyl phthalate; see also ODP
Af-Nitrosodiphenylamine (WTR)
Low-density poly(ethylene); see also
LDPE
iV-Ethylmorpholine
Phormium (DIN)
/?-Hexyl-f7-decyl phthalate
and isoprene (ANSI/ASTM)
Natural rubber; see also NR
/V-Methylpyrrolidone
7?-Octyl-7?-decyl adipate
/7-Octyl--decyl phthalate; see also ODP
Neopentyl glycol
/?-Propyl percarbonate; dipropyl peroxydicarbonate
Natural rubber (ANSI/ASTM, IUPAC);
see also NK
OBSH
ODP
ODPA
ODPP
OER
OPET
OPP
OPR
OPS
OPVC
OT
OTBG
OTOS
P3FE
PA
PA*
PA**
PAA
PAB
PABM
PAC
PAE
PAI
PAM
PAMS
PAN
PAPA
PAPDC
PAPI
^,p'-Oxybisfaenzenesulfonyl hydrazide)
Octadecyl phthalate (ISO); see also NODP
Octylated diphenylamine (WTR)
Octyldiphenyl phthalate
Oil-extended rubber
Oriented poly(ethylene terephthalate)
Oriented poly(propylene) film or bottles;
see also PP
Elastomeric polymer from propylene
oxide
Oriented poly(styrene) film
Oriented poly(vinyl chloride)
Polysulfide rubber
o-Tolyl biguanide (WTR)
/V-Oxydiethylenedithiocarbamyl-N '-oxydiethylenesulfamide (WTR)
Poly(trifluoroethylene) (IUPAC)
1. Polyamide (ASTM, DIN, ISO, IUPAC);
the acronym PA is normally followed by a
number, a combination of numbers, a
letter, or a combination of letters and
numbers. A single number / refers to a
polyamide from an oc,co-amino acid or its
lactam with / carbon atoms in the aliphatic
chain of the monomeric unit. A combination of two numbers indicates polyamides
from the polycondensation of a diamine
and a dicarboxylic acid; the first number
gives the number of methylene groups of
aliphatic diamines, the second number the
number of carbon atoms of straight-chain
aliphatic dicarboxylic acids. Both numbers
are sometimes separated by a period. 44 I"
stands for isphthalic acid, " T " for terephthalic acid.
2. Phthalic anhydride
Saran coated polyamide (ASTM)
Metal coated polyamide (ASTM)
Poly(acrylic acid) (ASTM)
p-Aminobiphenyl
Polyaminobismaleimide
Poly(acrylonitrile) fiber (DIN, IUPAC);
see also PAN, PC
Phthalate ester plasticizer
Polyamide-imide (ASTM)
Modacryl fiber (DIN); see also MA
Poly(cx-methyl styrene)
1. Poly(acrylonitrile) fiber (ASTM,
IUPAC, EDV); see also PAC, PC. PAN K is
also a German trademark.
2. Phenyl-a-naphthylamine (WTR)
Polyazelaic polyanhydride
Pentamethylene ammonium /V-pentamethylene dithiocarbamate (WTR)
Polymethylenepolyphenylene isocyanate;
see also PMPPI
PARA
PAS
PAT
PB
PBA
PBAN
PBB
PB I
PBMA
PBNA
PBR
PBS
PBT
PBTP
PC
PCB
PCD
PCDT
PCF
PCO
PCTFE
PCU
PDAP
PDMS
PE
PEA
PEC
PeCe
Polyarylamide (ASTM)
1. Polyaryl sulfone
2. Poly(acrylic acid) (German technical
literature)
Polyaminotriazole
1. PoIy(I-butene) (ASTM, DIN, ISO); see
also BT, PBT
2. Polyurea fiber (EDV); see also PUA
3. Elastic polydiene fiber (German technical literature)
Physical blowing agent
Copolymer from butadiene and acrylonitrile (ASTM); see also GR-N, NBR
Polybrominated biphenyl
Poly benzimidazole
Poly(rc-butyl methacrylate)
Phenyl-p-naphthylamine; N-phenyl-2naphthylamine
Copolymer from butadiene and vinylpyridine (ANSI/ASTM, IUPAC)
Copolymer from butadiene and styrene
(ASTM); see also SB, GR-S, SBR
1. Poly(butylene terephthalate) (ASTM);
see also PBTP, PTMT
2. PoIy(I-butene), see also BT, PB
3. Poly(p-phenylenebenzobisthiazole)
Poly(butylene terephthalate) (DIN, ISO);
see also PTMT
1. Polycarbonate (ASTM, DIN, ISO,
IUPAC); see also PCO
2. Poly(acrylonitrile) fiber (EWG, EDV);
see also PAC, PAN
3. Formerly: chlorinated PVC; see also
CPVC, PeCe, PVCC
Polychlorinated biphenyl
Polycarbodiimide
Poly (1,4-cyclohexylenedimethylene
terephthalate)
Poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) fiber (DIN)
Polycarbonate; see also PC
Poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) (ASTM,
DIN, ISO, IUPAC); see also CEM. CFM,
CTFE
Unchlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (old
German technical literature)
Poly(diallyl phthalate) (ASTM, DIN, ISO,
IUPAC); see also DAP, FDAP
1. Polyethylene) (ASTM, DIN, ISO,
IUPAC); see also PL
2. Polyester fiber (EWG)
3. Pentaerythritol
Chlorinated poly(ethylene) (DIN, ISO);
see also CPE
Chlorinated PVC; see also CPVC, PC,
PVCC
PEE
PEEK
PEEKK
PEG
PEH
PEHA
PE-HD
PEK
PEKEKK
PEKK
PEL
PEM
PEO
PEOX
PEP
PES
PESU
PET
PET*
PETP
PETS
PF
PFA
PFEP
PF-P-B
PG
PHAS
PHA
PHB
PHEMA
PHP
PI
PIB
Polyester ether fibers (containing diol and

/7-hydroxybenzoate units) (DlN)
Polyether ether ketone = Poly(oxy-1,4phenylene~oxy~ 1,4-phenylene-carbonyl-1,
4~phenylene)
Polyether ether ketone ketone
Polyethylene glycol)
Poly(ethylene) with high density; see also
HDPE
Pentaethylenehexamine (WTR)
Poly(ethylene) with high density (DIN,
ISO); see also HDPE, PEH
Polyether ketone
Polyether ketone ether ketone ketone
Polyether ketone ketone
Poly(ethylene) with low density; see also
LDPE, PE-LD
Poly(ethylene) with medium density; see
also MDPE
Polyethylene oxide) (ASTM, IUPAC);
see also PEOX
Polyethylene oxide) (DIN, ISO); see also
PEO
Thermoplastic copolymer from ethylene
and propylene
1. Polyester fiber (DIN); see also PET, PL
2. Polyether sulfone (ASTM); see also
PSU
Polyether sulfone (ASTM); see also PES
Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (ASTM); see
also PETP, PE, PES
Saran coated PET (ASTM)
Polyethylene terephthalate) (ASTM,
DIN, ISO, IUPAC); see also PET, PE, PES
Pentaerythryl tetrastearate (WTR)
Phenol-formaldehyde resin (ASTM, DIN,
ISO, IUPAC)
Perfluoroalkoxy resins, copolymers of
tetrafluoroethylene and perfluorinated
alkyl vinyl ethers
Copolymer from tetrafluoroethylene and
hexafluoropropylene; see also FEP
Phenolic resin-paper prepreg
Propylene glycol
Poly(a-hydroxy acrylic acid)
Poly(hydroxyalkanoate)
1. Poly(/?-hydroxybenzoate); see also
POB
2. Poly(oc-hydroxybutyrate)
Physiological hydrophilic polymers
1. fra/u?-l,4-Poly(isoprene), gutta percha
(BS)
2. Polyimide (ASTM)
3. Paper (EDV)
Poly(isobutene) (ASTM, BS, DlN, ISO,
IUPAC)
PlBl
PIBO
PIP
PIR
PIS
PL
PMA
PMAC
PMCA
PMF
PMI
PMMA
PMMI
PMP
PMPPI
PMQ
PMTT
PNA
PNAH
PNF
PNR
PO
POB
POM
POP
POR
PP
PP*
PPA
PPC
PPI
PPO l{
PPOX
PPP
PPS

and isoprene (butyl rubber); see also
Butyl, GR-I, HR
Poly(isobutylene oxide)
Synthetic m-l,4-poly(isoprene); see also
CPI, IR
Poly(isocyanurate) (DIN)
Poly(isobutylene)
1. Poly(ethylene) (EWG); see also PE
2. Polyester fiber (EDV); see also PES,
PET
1. Pyromellitic acid
2. Pyromellitic dianhydride
3. Poly(methyl acrylate)
Polymethoxy acetal
Poly(methyl a-chloromethacrylate)
(ASTM)
Processed mineral fiber
Poly(methacrylimide)
(Poly(methyl methacrylate) (ASTM, DIN,
ISO, IUPAC)
Poly(pyromellitimide)
Poly(4-methyM-pentene) (ASTM, DIN,
ISO); see also TPX
Polymethylenepolyphenylene isocyanate;
see also PAPI
Silicon rubbers with methyl and phenyl
substituents (ANSI/ASTM)
3-Phenyl-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2thione (WTR)
Poly nuclear aromatics
Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons
Phosphorus nitrile fluoroelastomer
Poly(norbornene) rubber
1. Elastomeric poly(propylene oxide)
(ASTM)
2. Poly(olefin)
3. Phenoxy resin
Poly(p-hydroxybenzoate); see also PHB
Poly(oxymethylene), poly (formaldehyde)
PoIy(1,4-phenylene oxide) (ASTM); see
also PPO
Elastomeric copolymer from propylene
oxide and allyl glycidyl ether
Poly(propylene) (ASTM, DIN, EDV, ISO,
IUPAC)
Metallized poly(propylene) (ASTM)
1. Poly(parabanic acid)
2. Poly(propylene adipate)
Chlorinated poly(propylene) (DIN)
Polymeric polyisocyanate
Poly(oxy-1,4-phenylene) = "poly(phenylene oxide)"; see also POP
Polypropylene oxide) (ASTM, DIN, ISO)
Poly(p-phenylene)
Poly(p-phenylene sulfide) (ASTM)
PPSU
PPT
PQ
PQD
PR
PS
P-S
PSA
PSAB
PSAN
PSBR
PSF
PSI
PSO
PST
PS-TSG
PSU
PSUL
PTA
PTF
PTFE
PTMA
PTMEG
PTMG
PTMT
PU
PUA
PUE
PUR
PVA
PVAC
PVAL
Poly(phenylene sulfone) (ASTM, DIN,

ISO); see also PSU
Poly(propylene terephthÛite)
Elastomeric silicone with phenyl substituents (ASTM)
p-Quinone dioxime (WTR)
Regenerated protein fiber (EDV)
Poly(styrene) (ASTM, DIN, ISO, IUPAC)
Pressure-sensitive adhesive
Pressure-sensitive adhesive
Thermoplastic copolymer from styrene,
acrylic ester and butadiene (DIN); see also
SBV, S/B
Thermoplastic copolymer from styrene
and acrylonitrile (DIN), see also SAN
Elastomeric terpolymer from vinylpyridine, styrene, and butadiene (ANSI/
ASTM)
Polysulfone; see also PSO
Poly(methyl phenyl siloxane) (ASTM)
Polysulfone; see also PSF
Poly (styrene) fiber with at least 85%
styrene units (DIN)
Poly(styrene) foam, processed by thermoplastic injection (German technical literature)
Poly(phenylene sulfone); see also PPSU
Polysulfone (ASTM)
1. Purified terephthalic acid
2. Phthalic anhydride
Pole(tetrafluoroethylene) fiber
Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (ASTM, DIN,
ISO, IUPAC)
Polyftetramethylene adipate)
Poly(tetramethylene ether glycol)
Poly(oxytetramethylene glycol)
Poly(tetramethylene terephthalate) =
poly(butylene terephthalate) see also PBTP
1. Polyurethane elastomer (BS)
2. Polyurethane fiber (EDV)
Polyurea fiber (DIN); see also PB
Segmented polyurethane fiber (DIN); see
also EA
Polyurethane (ASTM, DIN, ISO, IUPAC);
see also PU
1. Poly(vinyl acetate); see also PVAC
2. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (ASTM); see also
PVAL, PVOH
3. Poly(vinyl alcohol) fiber with at least
85% vinyl alcohol units (DIN); see also
VY
4. Poly (vinyl ether) (old German technical
literature); see also PVOM, PVME
Poly(vinyl acetate) (ASTM, DIN, ISO,
IUPAC); see also PVA
Poly(vinyl alcohol) (ASTM, DIN. ISO,
IUPAC)
PVC
PY
1. Poly(vinyl chloride) (ASTM., DIN, ISO,

IUPAC); see also CL
2. Poly(vinyl chloride) fiber with at least
50 wt.% vinyl chloride units (DIN)
3. Pigment volume concentration
Copolymer from vinyl chloride and vinyl
acetate (ASTM, DIN1 IUPAC); see also
PVCAC
acetate (ASTM); see also PVCA
Chlorinated PVC (DIN, ISO); see also
CPVC, PC, PeCe
Poly(vinylidene chloride) fiber with at
least 50 wt.% vinylidene chloride units
(DIN); see also PVDC
Poly(vinylidene chloride) (ASTM5 DIN,
ISO, IUPAC); see also PVD
Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (ASTM, DIN,
ISO, IUPAC); see also PVF
1. Poly(vinyl fluoride) (ASTM, DIN, ISO,
IUPAC)
2. Poly(vinylidene fluoride); see also
PVDF
Poly(vinyl formal) (ASTM, DIN, ISO,
IUPAC); see also PVFO
Poly(vinyl formal) (DIN); see also PVFM
Poly(vinyl isobutyl ether)
Poly(vinylidene cyanide)
Poly(Af-vinylcarbazole) (ASTM, DIN,
ISO)
1. Copolymer from vinyl chloride and
vinyl methyl ether
2. Fiber from the copolymer of vinyl and/
or vinylidene compounds with a main
component of at least 85 wt.% (DIN)
Silicone rubber with methyl, phenyl. and
vinyl substituents (ANSI/ASTM)
Poly(vinyl alcohol); see also PVA, PVAL
Poly(iV-vinylpyrrolidone) (ASTM, DIN,
ISO)
Poly(dimethyl siloxane) with phenyl and
vinyl substituents (ASTM)
Unsaturated polyester resins (BS)
QMC
Quick molding change
Ra
RA
RAM
RAN
Ramie (DIN)
Ramie (EDV)
Restricted area molding
Residual acrylonitrile (monomer in polymer)
Resorcine- formaldehyde resin
1. Rhenium (IUPAC)
2. Horse hair ("Rosshaar") (DIN)
Reheat blow molding
Rubber hydrocarbon content
Cow hair ("Rind") (DIN)
PVCA
PVCAC
PVCC
PVD
PVDC
PVDF
PVF
PVFM
PVFO
PVI
PVID
PVK
PVM
PVME
PVMQ
PVOH
PVP
PVSI
RF
Rh
RHB
RHC
Ri
RIM
Ro
RP
RP/C
RP/M
RPVC
RRIM
RTP
RTV
RVCM
RUC
Reaction injection molding

Rosella (DIN)
Reinforced plastics
Reinforced plastics (composite)
Reinforced polyester (mortar)
Rigid PVC film
Reinforced reaction injection molding
Reinforced thermoplastic
Room temperature vulcanization
Residual vinyl chloride monomer
Chlorinated isoprene rubber (DIN)
S
SAF
SAF-HS
SAF-LS
SAIB
SAL
SAN
Styrene
Super abrasion furnace black
High structure SAF
Low-structure SAF
Sucrose acetate isobutyrate
Salicylic acid
and acrylonitrile (ASTM, DIN, ISO,
IUPAC); see also PSAN
and butadiene (ASTM); see also S/B
and butadiene (ANSI/ASTM, ISO,
IUPAC); see also SB
1. s-Butyl percarbonate; di~,? -butyl peroxydicarbonate
2. Styrene- butadiene resin
Elastomeric copolymer from styrene and
butadiene (ASTM, BS, IUPAC); see also
GR-S
1. Solid bleached sulfate
2. Styrene-butadiene-styrene triblock
copolymer
Elastomeric copolymer from styrene and
chloroprene (ANSI/ASTM, IUPAC)
Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate
Aralkylated diphenylamines (WTR)
1. Sulfoethyl- (with cellulose)
2. Silk ("Seide") (EDV)
Styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene
triblock copolymer ( = hydrogenated styrene-isoprene-styrene triblock copolymer)
Selenium diethyl dithiocarbamate (WTR)
Sulfonated ethylene-propylene-diene ter~
polymer
Structural foam
Synthetic fiber reinforced plastic (German
Scrapless forming process
Super-high impact poly(styrene)
1. Silicon (IUPAC)
2. Sisal (DIN); see also SI
1. Silicones in general (ASTM, DIN, ISO)
2. Poly(dimethyl siloxane) (ASTM)
3. Thermoplastic silicone (IUPAC)
4. Sisal (EDV); see also S3
SB
S/B
SBP
SBR
SBS
SCR
SDD
SDPA
SE
SEBS
SEDC
S-EPDM
SF
SFK
SFP
SHIPS
Si
SI
SIN
SIPN
SIR
SIS
SL
SM
SMA
SMC
SMR
SMS
S/MS
Sn
SN
SP
SPF
SPH
SPPF
SPSF
S-PVC
SR
SRF
SRF-HM
SRF-HM-NS
SRF-LM
SRF-LM-NS
SRP
SS
ST
SWP
T
TA
TAC
TATM
TBBS
TBC
TBP
TBPA
TBPB
TBS
TBT
1. Simultaneous interpenetrating network

2. Semi-interpenetrating network
Sequential interpenetrating poJymer network
1. Elastomeric copolymer from styrene
and isoprene (ANSI/ASTM, IUPAC)
2. Standardized Indonesian rubber
Siyrene-isoprene-styrene triblock copolymer
Slag wool (DIN)
Styrene monomer
Copolymer from styrene and maleic anhydride (ASTM)
Sheet molding compound (UP resin)
Standardized Malaysian rubber
Copolymer from styrene and a-methylstyrene (ASTM, DIN); see also S/MS
Copolymer from styrene and a-methylstyrene (DIN, ISO); see also SMS
1. Tin (IUPAC)
2. Sunn hemp fibers (DIN); see also SN
Sunn hemp fibers (EDV)
Superior processing rubber (a grade of
natural rubber)
Superior processing furnace black
Styrenated phenol (WTR)
Solid-phase pressure forming
Solid-phase stretch forming
Poly(vinyl chloride), polymerized in suspension
Synthetic rubber
Semi-reinforcing furnace black
High-modulus SRF
Nonstaining high-modulus SRF
Low-modulus SRF
Nonstaining low-modulus SRF
Rubber reinforced poly(styrene) (ASTM)
1. Single stage (ASTM)
2. Steam-stripped (to remove residual
monomer)
Stone wool (DIN)
1. Sol vent-welded plastics pipe
2. Synthetic wood pulp
1. Polysulfide rubber; see also OT, TR
2. Thermal black
Cellulose triacetate (EDV); see also CT,
CTA
Triallyl cyanurate (ASTM)
Triallyl trimellitate (WTR)
Benzothiazyl-2-r-butyl sulfenamide
(WTR)
Total Broadhurst Lee process
f-Butyl perbenzoate; see also TBPB
Tetrabromophthalic anhydride
f-Butyl perbenzoate; see also TBP
r-Butylstyrene
Tetrabutyl titanate
TBTD
TBTU
TBUT
TC
TCE
TCEF
TCF
TCM
TCP
TDEC
TDI
TDID
TDM
TEAE
TEDMA
TEGDA
TEP
TEPA
TETA
TETD
TFE
THBP
THF
THT
TIOTM
TKP
Tl
TM
TMA
TMC
TMETD
TMP
TMPT
TMQ
TMS
TMTD
TMTS
TMTT
TMTU
TMU
TNPP
TOF
Tetrabutyl thiuram disulfide (WTR); see

also TBUT
Tributyl thiourea (WTR)
Tetrabutyl thiuram disulfide (WTR)
Technically classified natural rubber
Trichloroethylene
Trichloroethyl phosphate (ASTM, ISO);
see also TCEP
Tricresyl phosphate, tritolyl phosphate
(ASTM, DIN, ISO); see also TCP, TKP,
TTP
Trichloromelamine (WTR)
Tricresyl phosphate (IUPAC); TCP 5 is a
registered trademark in the United Kingdom; see also TCF, TKP, TTP
Tellurium diethyl dithiocarbamate (WTR)
Tolylene diisocyanate; tolylene isocyanate;
methylphenylene diisocyanate; usually an
80:20 mixture of the 2,4- and 2,6-isomers
Dimeric tolylene diisocyanate
r-Dodecyl mercaptan (WTR)
Triethylaminoethyl- (with cellulose)
Triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (WTR)
Triethylene glycol diacetate (WTR)
Triethyl phosphate
Tetraethylene pentamine (WTR)
Triethylene tetramine
Tetraethyl thiuram disulfide (WTR)
Tetrafluoroethylene (ASTM)
2,4,5-Trihydroxybutyrophenone
Tetrahydrofuran
Tetrahydrothiophene (WTR)
Triisooctyl trimellitate (DIN, ISO)
Tricresyl phosphate; see also TCE, TCP,
TTP
1. Thallium (IUPAC)
2. American moss (DIN)
Thioplastics
Trimellitic anhydride
Thick molding compound
Tetramethyl tetraethyl thiuram disulfide
(WTR)
1. Thermal mechanical pulp
2. Trimethylol propane (WTR)
Trimethylol
propane
trimethacrylate
(WTR)
2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinone
(WTR)
Tetramethylsilane
Tetramethyl thiuram disulfide (WTR)
Tetramethyl thiuram monosulfide (WTR)
Tetramethyl thiuram tetrasulfide (WTR)
Tetramethyl urea (WTR); see also TMU
Tetramethyl urea; see also TMTU
Trinonyl phenyl phosphate (WTR)
Trioctyl phosphate = tris(2-ethylhexyl)
phosphate (ASTM, DIN, ISO); see also
TOP
TOP
TOPM
TOR
TOTM
TPA
TPE
TPEL
TPES
TPF
TPI
TPO
TPP
TPR
TPS
TPTD
TPU
TPUR
TPX
TR
TRIM
Ts
TSH
TSUR
TTP
TTT
TU
TV
Tz
UE
UF
UFS
UHMPE
UHMW-PE
UP
Trioctyl phosphate = tris(2-ethylhexyl)

phosphate (ASTM, DIN, ISO); see also
TOF
Tetraoctyl pyromellitate, i.e., tetrakis(2ethylhexyl) pyromellitate (DIN, ISO)
/ra;?j-Poly(octenamer)
Trioctyl mellitate = tris(2-ethylhexyl)
pyromellitate (DIN, ISO)
1. l,4-frans-Poly(pentenamer); see also
TPR
2. Terephthalic acid
Thermoplastic elastomer
Thermoplastic
rubber or
elastomer
(ASTM)
Thermoplastic
polyester in general
(ASTM)
Triphenyl phosphate (DIN, ISO); see also
TPP
Thermoplastoid (WTR)
Thermoplastic olefin elastomer
Triphenyl phosphate (ASTM, IUPAC); see
also TPF
1. l,5-fra/?s-Poly(pentenamer); see also
TPA
2. Thermoplastic elastomer; see also TR,
TPE
Toughened poly(styrene) (in the UK for
HIPS)
Tetraisopropyl thiuram disulfide (WTR)
Thermoplastic polyurethanes
Thermoplastic urethane (ASTM)
Poly(4-methyl-l-pentene); see also PMP
1. Thermoplastic elastomer
2. Thio rubber (in the UK for polysulfide)
3. Textile residues or fiber or fabric of
unknown composition (EDV)
Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate
Tussah silk (DIN)
Toluene sulfonyl hydrazide (WTR)
Thermoset polyurethane (ASTM)
Tricresyl phosphate, tritolyl phosphate
(ISO); see also TCE, TCP, TKP
Triethyltrimethylenetnamine (WTR)
Thiourea
Trivinyl fiber (EDV)
Tibet goat hair (goat = "Ziege") (DIN)
Polyurethane elastomer (ASTM); see also
UR
Urea-formaldehyde resin (ASTM, DIN,
ISO, IUPAC)
Urea-formaldehyde foam
Poly(ethylene) with ultrahigh molar mass
Poly(ethylene) with ultrahigh molar mass
(molar mass over 3 100 000 g/mol)
(ASTM)
Unsaturated polyester (ASTM, DIN, ISO,
IUPAC)
UP-G-G
UP-G-M
UP-G-R
Ur
UR
VA
VAC
VAE
VC
VC/E
VC/E/MA
VC/E/VAC
VCI
VCM
VC/MA
VC/MMA
VC/OA
VC/VAC
VC/VDC
VDC
Vf
VF/HFP
Vi
VI
VMQ
VPE
VQ
VRI
VSI
VT
VVO
VY
WA
WB
WFK
WG
Prepreg from unsaturated polyesters and

textile glass fibers
textile glass mats
textile glass rovings
Urena (DIN)
Poiyurethane elastomers (BS); see also UP
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymers; see
also EVA, E/VAC
Vinyl chloride
Copolymer from ethylene and vinyl chloride (ISO)
Copolymer from ethylene, vinyl chloride,
and maleic anhydride (ISO)
Copolymer from ethylene, vinyl chloride,
and vinyl acetate (ISO)
Volatile corrosion inhibitor
Vinyl chloride (monomer); see also VC
Copolymer from vinyl chloride and
methyl acrylate (ISO)
Copolymer from vinyl chloride and
methyl rnethacrylate (ISO)
Copolymer from vinyl chloride and octyl
acrylate (ISO)
acetate (ISO)
Copolymer from vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride (ISO)
Vinylidene chloride
1. Vulcan fiber
2. Vinyl fluoride
Copolymer from vinylidene fluoride and
hexafl uoropropy lene
Vicuna wool (DIN)
Viscose (rayon) (EDV); see also CV
Silicone rubber with methyl and phenyl
substituents (ANSI/ASTM)
Cross-linked poly(ethylene) (DIN)
Elastomeric silicone with vinyl substituents (ASTM)
Volatile rust inhibitor
Poly(dimethyl siloxane) with vinyl groups
(ASTM)
Vinyl toluene
Vulcanized vegetable oil =
factice
(WTR)
Vinal ( poly(vinyl
alcohol) fiber)
(ASTM, EDV)
Angora (rabbit) wool (EDV)
Beaver wool (EDV)
Whisker reinforced plastic (German technical literature)
Vicuna wool (EDV)
WK
WL
WM
Wo
WO
WP
WS
WT
WU
WV
WY
XABS
XLPE
XNBR
XPS
XSBR
YSBR
YXSBR
Z5MC
Camel wool (EDV)

Llama wool (EDV)
1. Plasticizer (German technical literature:
"Weichmacher")
2. Mohair wool (EDV)
1. Tungsten (IUPAC)
2. Sheep's wool (DIN); see also WO
Sheep's wool (EDV); see also Wo
Alpaca wool (EDV)
Cashmere goat wool (EDV)
Otter wool (EDV)
Guanaco wool (EDV)
Virgin sheep wool (EDV)
Yak wool (EDV)
Elastomeric copolymer from acrylonitrile,
butadiene, styrene, and a carboxylic group
containing monomer (ASTM)
Crosslinked poly(ethylene)
Elastomeric copolymer from acrylonitrile,
butadiene, and a carboxylic group containing monomer (ANSI/ASTM)
Expandable (or expanded) poly(styrene)
Elastomeric copolymer from butadiene,
styrene, and a carboxylic group containing
monomer (ANSI/ASTM)
ZBDC
ZBPD
ZBX
ZDBC
ZDEC
ZDMC
ZE
ZEH
ZEPC
ZIX
ZMBI
ZMBT
Zinc dibenzyl dithiocarbamate (WTR)

Zinc dibutyl dithiophosphate (WTR)
Zinc dibutyl xanthate (WTR)
Zinc dibutyl dithiocarbamate (WTR)
Zinc diethyl dithiocarbamate (WTR)
Zinc dimethyl dithiocarbamate (WTR)
Zein fibers (DIN)
Zinc ethylhexanoate (WTR)
Zinc ethylphenyl dithiocarbamate (WTR)
Zinc isopropyl xanthate (WTR)
Zinc 2-mercaptobenzimidazole
Zinc-2-mercaptobenzthiazole
C. ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS BASED ON

POLY(MONOMER) NAMES
Thermoplastic triblock copolymer from

styrene and butadiene (ANSI/ASTM); see
also SBS
Thermoplastic block copolymer from styrene and butadiene containing carboxylic
groups (ANSI/ASTM)
The following table contains the abbreviations and

acronyms of names of polymeric materials whose base
polymers were obtained by chain polymerization (addition
polymerization), copolymerization, polycondensation (condensation polymerization), and polyaddition. Note that
these abbreviations and acronyms do not apply in industry
to polymers per se but to polymeric materials, i.e. polymers
with or without additives, fillers, plasticizers, etc.
Abbreviations and acronyms are in part based on the
poly(monomer) nomenclature, i.e., on the names of the
monomers used in the manufacture of polymers, sometimes
however, without a prefix " P " for "poly". The names of
monomers for copolymers are given in alphabetical order
without regard to their prevalence.
Zinc pentamethylene
(WTR)
Registered trademarks: a) SAN in Japan and the USA; b)

PAN in Europe.
dithiocarbamate
Polymers of
ASTM
DIN
ISO
Acrylic ester 4- acrylonitrile 4- butadiene

Acrylic ester + acrylonitrile + styrene
Acrylic ester -f ethylene
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
Acrylonitrile -I- butadiene
Acrylonitrile -f- butadiene
+ methyl methacrylate 4- styrene
Acrylonitrile-K butadiene 4-styrene
Acrylonitrile
4- chlorinated poly(ethylene) 4- styrene
Acrylonitrile
4-ethylene-propylene-diene 4-styrene
Acrylonitrile 4 methyl methacrylate
Acrylonitrile 4-styrene
Adipic acid 4- hexamethylenediamine
Adipic acid 4- hexamethylenediamine
4-sebacic acid
Adipic acid 4-tetramethylene glycol
Allyl diglycol carbonate
/7-Aminobenzoic acid
ABA
ASA
EEA
PAA
PAN
PBAN
A/B/A
A/S/A
A/B/A
A/S/A
E/EA
ABS
ABS
ABS
A/PE-C/S
A/CPE/S
A/EPDM/S
A/MM A
SAN
PA 66
A/EPDM/S
A/MMA
SAN
PA 66
IUPAC
Other
PAS
PAC
PAN
MABS
AMMA
SAN
PA 6.6
ABS
ACS
SAN
PA 6.6
AS
PA 66/610
PTMA
ADC
PAB
Polymers of
Aminotriazol
Aminoundecanoic acid, 11Azelaic acid anhydride
Bisphenol A + phosgene
Bitumen + ethylene
Butadiene + methyl methacrylate -f styrene
Butadiene -f styrene (thermoplastic)
Butene-1
Butyl acrylate
Butylene glycol + terephthalic acid
Butyl methacrylate
8-Caprolactam
s-Caprolactam + co-dodecanolactam
Chlorotrifluoroethylene
Chlorotrifluoroethylene + ethylene
Cresol + formaldehyde
1,4-CycIohexanedimethylol
+ terephthalic acid
Diallyl chloroendate ( = diallyl ester of
4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo-[2,2,1]5-heptane-2,3-dicarbonic acid)
Diallyl fumarate
Diallyl isophthalate
Diallyl maleate
Diallyl phthalate
1,4-Dichlorobenzene + disodium sulflde
2,6-Dimethylphenol -I- oxygen
co-Dodecanolactam (laurolactam)
Ethyl acrylate
Ethyl acrylate + ethylene
Ethylene
-, chlorinated polymer
-, cross-linked polymer
-, high-density polymer
-, high impact polymer
~, linear low-density polymer
-, low density polymer
-, medium density polymer
-, very low density linear polymer
-, ultra-high molar mass polymer
Ethylene + methacrylic acid
Ethylene 4- maleic anhydride
+ vinyl chloride
Ethylene + methyl methacrylate
Ethylene + propylene
Ethylene + propylene (4- diene)
Ethylene + tetrafluoroethylene
Ethylene+ vinyl acetate
Ethylene + vinyl acetate + vinyl chloride
Ethylene + vinyl chloride
Ethylene glycol
Ethylene glycol + maleic anhydride
Ethylene glycol + terephthalic acid(ester)
- , with glycol comonomer
-, fast crystallizing polymer
- , oriented polymer
Ethylene oxide
Formaldehyde (or trioxane)
Formaldehyde + furan
Formaldehyde + melamine
Formaldehyde + melamine + phenol
Formaldehyde + phenol
Formaldehyde + urea
Furfural + phenol
Hexafluoropropylene + tetrafluoroethylene
Hexamethylenediamine + sebacic acid
ASTM
DIN
ISO
IUPAC
PA 11
PA 11
PC
PC
PBT
MBS
S/B
PB
PBA
PBTP
MBS
S/B
PB
PBA
PBTP
PA 6
PA 6
PA 6
PCTFE
PCTFE
PA 6
PA 6/12
PCTFE
CF
CF
CF
CF
Other
PAT
PAPA
PC
PBS
PB
PC
ECB
S/B
SB
BT
PBA
PTMT
PBMA
PCTFE
ECTFE
PCDT
PDAC
PDAF
PDAIP
PDAM
PDAP
PPS
POP
PA 12
PDAP
PPS
PDAP
PDAP
PA 12
PA 12
PA 12
EEA
PE
CPE
E/EA
PE
PE-C
HDPE
PE-HD
LLDPE
LDPE
MDPE
PE-LD
E/EA
PE
PE-C
PE-X
PE-HD
PE-HI
PE-LLD
PE-LD
PE-MD
DAP
PPO
PEA
PE
PL
VPE
VLDPE
UHMW-PE
EMA
EPDM
ETFE
EVA
PE-UHMW
VC/E/MA
E/MMA
E/P
EPDM
E/TFE
E/VA
VC/E/VAC
VC/E
VC/E/MA
E/MMA
E/P
EPDM
E/TFE
E/VAC
UP
PET
UP
PET
PEP
EVAC
VC/E/VAC
VC/E
PEG
UP
PET
PETG
UP
PETP
PETE
CPET
OPET
PEO
POM
FF
MF
PF
UF
PFF
FEP
PA 6.10
PEOX
POM
MF
MPF
PF
UF
FEP
PA 610
PEOX
POM
FF
MF
PEO
POM
PF
UF
PF
UF
FEP
PA 610
MF
PA 6.10
Polymers of
ASTM
p-Hydroxybenzoic acid
3-Hydroxybutyric acid
2-Hydroxyethylmethacrylate
Isobutene (isobutylene)
Isocyanurates
Laurolactam (dodecanolactam)
Linseed oil, epoxidized
Maleic anhydride 4- styrene
Methacrylimide
Methyl acrylate
Methyl acrylate 4-vinyl chloride
Methyl a-chloromethacrylate
Methyl methacrylate
Methyl methacrylate 4- vinyl chloride
4-Methylpentene-1
a-Methylstyrene
oc-Methylstyrene 4- styrene
Octyl acrylate+ vinyl chloride
Perfluoro alkoxy alkane
Phosphoric acid (polymer)
Propylene
- , biaxially oriented polymer
Propylene 4- tetrafluoroethylene (alt.)
Propylene oxide
Soybean oil, epoxidized
Styrene
- , expanded (foamed) polymer
- , high-impact polymer
- , impact resistant polymer
- , biaxially oriented polymer
Tetrafluoroethylene
Tetrahydrofuran
- , polymer with hydroxy endgroups
Trially] cyanurate
Trifluoroethylene
Trioxane (4-Co-monomers)
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate 4 vinyl chloride
W-Vinylcarbazole
Vinyl chloride
- , polymerized in bulk
- , polymerized in emulsion
- , polymerized in suspension
- , polymer as flexible
- , polymer as oriented
- , polymer as rigid
Vinyl chloride 4 vinylidene chloride
Vinyl
fluoride
Vinylidene chloride
Vinylidene
fluoride
Vinyl methyl ether
N-Vinylpyrrolidone
POB
D.
PlB
DIN
ISO
IUPAC
Other
PIB
PHB
PHB
PHEMA
IM
PIB
PIR
PA 12
ELO
S/MA
PMI
PIB
PIR
PA 12
ELO
SMA
PMI
VC/MA
VC/MA
PMMA
PMMA
PFA
PMP
PMS
S/MS
VC/OA
PFA
PMMA
VC/MMA
PMP
PMS
S/MS
VC/OA
PFA
PP
PP
PP
PP
PA 12
SMA
PA 12
PMA
PMCA
PMMA
PMP
SMS
TPX
PAMS
PPA
OPP
BOPP
TFE-P
PPOX
PPOX
ESO
PS
PS
PPOX
ESO
PS
PS
EPS
HIPS
PS-HI
SRP
IPS
OPS
BPS
PTFE
PTFE
PTFE
PTFE
PTHF
PTMEG
PTAC
POM
PVAC
PVCA
PVK
PVC
P3FE
POM
PVAC
POM
PVAC
VC/VAC
PVK
PVC
POM
PVAC
VC/VAC
PVK
PVC
PVC
PVF
PVDC
PVDF
VC/VDC
PVF
PVDC
PVDF
VC/VDC
PVF
PVDC
PVDF
PVF
PVDC
PVDF
PVP
PVP
PVP
film
film
film
PVA
PCU;V
M-PVC
E-PVC
S-PVC
FPVC
OPVC
RPVC
PVME
ABBREVIATIONS FOR POLYMERS N A M E D AFTER A CHARACTERISTIC POLYMER G R O U P
Characteristic polymer group
ASTM
DIN
ISO
Amide
Amide, aromatic (aryl amide)
- , metal coated
- , saran coated
Amide-imide
PA
PARA
PA*!
PA:
PAI
PA
PA
films
films
IUPAC
Other
PAR
PAI
PAI
Characteristic polymer group

Arylene sulfone
Benzimidazole
Bisphenol A-sulfone
Carbodiimide
Carbonate, aromatic
Epoxide (epoxy)
- , glass fiber reinforced
Ester, saturated (polyester)
- , thermoplastic
- , - , metallized polymer film
Ester, unsaturated (polyester)
- , - , glass fiber reinforced
Ester-alkyd
Ester-ether (thermoplastic elastomer)
Ester-imide
Ester-urethane
Ether-fc/odfc-amide
Ether ether ketone
Ether-imide
Ether-sulfone
Imide
Parabanic acid
Phenylene ether
Phenylene sulfide
Phenylene sulfone
Silicone (plastics)
Sulfone
Urethane
- , thermoplastic
- , thermoset
ASTM
DIN
ISO
IUPAC
Other
PAS
PBl
PSF
PCD
PC
EP
PC
EP
PC
EP
SP
SP
UP
UP
PC
EP
GEP
TPES
MPE
UP
UP
FRP
PAK
TEEE
PEi
PEBA
PEEK
PES
PESU
PI
PPE
PPS
PPSU
SI
PSU
PUR
TPUR
TSUR
PEBA
PEI
PEUR
PEBA
PEEK
PEI
PES
PES
PI
PI
PPE
PPE
PPS
PPSU
Sl
PSU
PUR
PPSU
SI
PSU
PUR
PES
PPA
PPO
PSU
PSU
PUR
TPU
E. ABBREVIATIONS FOR POLYMERS PRODUCED BY CHEMICAL TRANSFORMATION OF OTHER POLYMERS

Resulting polymer
ASTM
DIN
ISO
IUPAC
Carboxymethyl cellulose
Carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose
Casein, crosslinked with formaldehyde
Cellulose, as Cellophan "
- , coated with Saran
Cellulose acetate
Cellulose acetobutyrate
Cellulose acetopropionate
Cellulose nitrate
Cellulose plastics, unspecified
Cellulose propionate
Ethyl cellulose
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose
Methyl cellulose
Poly(ethylene), chlorinated
- , chlorosulfonated
Po]y(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol)
CMC
CMC
CMC
CMC
CS
C
C*
CA
CAB
CAP
CN
CE
CP
CTA
EC
CS
CS
CS
CA
CAB
CAP
CN
CA
CAB
CAP
CN
CA
CAB
CAP
CN
CP
CTA
EC
CP
CTA
EC
CP
Other
CMHEC
NC
TA
EC
HEC
HPC
HPMC
CPE
CSM
MC
PE-C
MC
PE-C
E/VAL
EJVAL
CSR
EVAL
EVOH
Poly(propylene), chlorinated
Poly(vinyl alcohol)
Poly(vinyl butyral)
Poly(vinyl chloride), chlorinated
Poly(vinyl formal)
PVAL
PVB
CPVC
PVFM
PPC
PVAL
PVB
PVC-C
PVFM
PVAL
PVB
PVC-C
PVFM
PVAL
PVOH
PC. PeCe
PVFM
F. ABBREVIATIONS FOR BLENDS, REINFORCED

POLYMERS, ETC.
For mixtures of polymers, ISO recommends that the

symbols for the parent polymers be put in parentheses,
Resulting polymer
Bulk molding compound
Elastomers, thermoplastic
- , - , containing ester and ether groups
- , - , olefin-based
- , - , styrene-based
Epoxide, glass fiber reinforced
Plastic, carbon fiber reinforced
- , glass fiber reinforced
- , man-made fiber reinforced
~, metal fiber reinforced
Poly(acrylonitrile-co-styrene)
-f chlorinated polyethylene)
Poly(styrene), rubber-modified
Sheet molding compound
- , with high glass fiber content
G.
separated by a plus sign; for example, (PMMA -f ABS)

for a physical blend of poly(methyl methacrylate) and
ABS.
ASTM recommends GP for "general purpose" and SS
for "single stage".
ASTM
DIN
ISO
IUPAC
Other
BMC
TEEE
TEO
TES
EP-G
GEP
CFP
GFK
CFK
MFK
KEK
SRP
ISO CODES FOR THERMOPLASTIC MATERIALS
The standard designation of a thermoplastic material

consists of
- a description block (giving the type of material),
- a standard number block (consisting of the number of
the ISO standard or a national standard such as DIN),
followed by a hyphen, and
- an individual item block (with five data blocks).
An example is
Molding material DIN 7744-PA 12, XF, 22-030, GF 30
The code letters are arranged after the symbol for the
base polymer according to ISO and DIN; in the technical
literature, however, they are commonly placed in front of
the base symbol, following ASTM, which uses similar code
letters and asterisks.
A designation system similar to the above ISO/DIN
system has been recommended by ASTM. A typical ASTM
designation, for example, would read
Molding material ASTM D-4000 PI000G42360
This molding material is a polyimide (PI), whose
properties have been specified via cell table G of the
ASTM standard D-4000. This particular cell table identifies
five different properties by designating cell limits to the five
digits following the letter G. According to cell table G, the
" 4 " indicates a tensile strength of at least 85MPa. The
measured flexural modulus is characterized by " 2 " , the
Izod impact strength of 50J/m by " 3 " , and the heat
deflection temperature of 3000C by " 6 " . The fifth digit is
undetermined; the t c 0" indicates an unspecified property.
ACS u
HIPS
SMC
IPS
HMC
1.
Codes for ISO Data Blocks 1 - 5
T. /. ISO and DIN Codes for Data Block 1 Data block

1 of the individual item block contains the abbreviation of
the chemical name of the material, e.g., PA 12 (see
example). This abbreviation may be followed by analytical
data with respect to the composition of the material; an
example is the content of vinyl acetate units in ethylenevinyl acetate copolymers. Such chemical structure data may
be composition, such as content of vinyl acetate (VAC) or
acrylonitrile units (AN), configuration as measured by
isotacticity ("isotaxy") (IT), branching as revealed by
density (D).
These analytical data are, however, not the exact
analytical data but rather code numbers for the range
(called "cell") which will permit this material to substitute
for a similar one. Separated by a hyphen, other supplementary may be given too, e.g., H homopolymer,
P = plasticized, E polymerized in emulsion, Q = mixture
of different polymers, etc. (see ISO and DIN codes for data
block 1).
Furthermore, ASTM uses * for saran coated polymer
films and ** for metallized polymer films. The technical
literature indicates biaxially oriented films by BO and
oriented films by O (see Abbreviations in alphabetical
order).
Code
ISO data block 1
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
Block copolymer
Chlorinated
Polymerization in emulsion
-
Homopolymer
DIN data block 1
Chlorinated
Density
Expanded or expandable
Flexible or fluid (liquid
state)
High
Code
1
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
ISO data block 1
DIN data block 1
Impact resistant
Bulk polymerization
-
Linear or low
Medium or molecular
Normal or novolac
Plasticized
Mixtures of different polymers
Random copolymer
Plasticized
Resol; formerly also:
raised (enhanced)
S
T
U
V
W
X
Polymerization in suspension
Unplasticized
No indication
Y
Z
Ultra or unplasticized
Very
Weight (mass)
Crosslinked or
crosslinkable
1.2. ISO Codes for Items in Data Block 2 Data block

2 may comprise up to four letters which give qualitative
information. The first letter denotes the intended application, e.g., B = blow molding, G = general purpose, X = no
indication (see example). The following letters 2, 3, and 4
can code up to three essential additives or supplementary
information, for example, D = powder (dry blend),
F = special burning characteristics (see example), L = light
and weather stabilizer, etc.
Code Position 1
Code
Positions 2-4
A
B
C
D
E
A
B
C
D
E
Antioxidant for processing

Antiblocking agent
Colored
Powder (dry blend)
Additive for expansion
Adhesives
Blow molding
Calendering
Disc manufacture
Extrusion (pipes, profiles,
sheets)
Extrusion (films, foils)
G
H
K
L
General purpose
Coating
Cable and wire insulation
Extrusion (monofilament)
G
H
K
L
Special burning
characteristics
Granules (pellets)
Heat aging stabilizer
Injection molding
M
N
P
Q
R
S
T
W
M
N
P
Q
R
S
T
W
X
Y
Z
Paste resin
Compression molding
Rotational molding
Powder spray sintering
Tape manufacture
No indication
Textile yarn
-
X
Y
Z
Light and weather

stabilizer
Natural (not colored)
Polymer modifier
Mold release agent
Slip agent, lubricant
Improved transparency
Stabilized against
hydrolysis
Antistatic agent
1.3. ISO Codes for Items in Data Block 3 Data block

3 contains quantitative information about the designated
properties. Such properties include
Molar mass indicators Intrinsic viscosity
("viscosity number")
Fikentscher's K value
(viscosity-based quantity
for PVC)
Macrostructure data
Bulk density
Rheological data
Melt flow rate
(melt flow index)
Thermal data
Vicat temperature
Torsional stiffness
temperature
Mechanical properties Modulus of elasticity
Tensile stress at 100%
strain
Shore hardness
Impact strength (notched)
IV
FK
BD
MFR
VST
TST
E
TS
SH
ISN
Each material is characterized by one or more than one

property. The following leading criteria are used for the
various polymers:
Poly(ethylene)
Poly(propylene)
Poly(styrene) and acrylonitrilestyrene copolymer
Styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer
Styrene-butadiene copolymer
Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene,
and acrylonitrile-styreneacrylic acid copolymers
Ethylene- vinyl acetate copolymer
Poly(vinyl chloride), unplasticized
Poly(vinyl chloride), plasticized
Polyamide
Polycarbonate
Polyethylene terephthalate)
D, MFR
I, MFR
VST, MFR
VST, MFR, AN
VST, MFR, ISN
VST, MFR, ISN, AN
VAC, MFR
IV, (FK), BD
VST, E, ISN
TS, SH, TST
IV, E
IV, MFR, E
IV, VST
IV
In the example for a polyamide 12, the code "22-030" of

data block 3 indicates a polymer with an intrinsic viscosity
of 210ml/g ("cell 22"), and a modulus of elasticity of
280MPa ("cell 030"). On the other hand, "20-D050" in
data block 3 for a poly(ethylene) tested according to DIN
16776 means a material with a density within cell "020"
(e.g., 0.918 g/cm3) and a melt flow rate within the cell
"050" (e.g., 4.2g/min), measured under condition D (a
temperature of 1900C under a load of 2.16 kg). The
definition of cells for each material and testing procedure
can be found in special tables.
1.4. ISO Codes for Extending and Reinforcing Fillers
(Data Block 4) Data block 4 gives information about the
type and content of fillers or reinforcing materials. The first
letter gives the type of filler: C = carbon, G = glass, etc. The

second letter indicates the shape of the filler: F fiber,
S = spheres, etc. The third position is a code for the weight
content of the filler, e.g., "30" for the "cell" (range) 27.532.5 wt.%.
1.5. ISO Codes for Data Block 5 Data block 5 is

reserved for specifications based on individual agreements
between supplier and customer. It may code additional
requirements, restrictions, or supplemental information.
H. SPI CODES FOR THE RECYCLING OF PLASTICS
Code Position 1
(material)
Code
B
Boron
C
Carbon
D E
Clay
F G
Glass
H K
Calcium carbonate
L
Cellulose
M
Mineral, metal
N P
Mica
Q
Silicon
R
Aramid
S
Synthetic, organic
T
Talcum
V W
Wood
X
Not specified
Z
Others
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
K
L
M
N
P
Q
R
S
T
V
W
X
Z
Position 2
(form or structure)
Balls, beads, spheres
Chips, cuttings
Powder (dry blend)
Fiber
Ground, grinding stock
Whisker
Knitted fabric
Layer
Mat (thick)
Non-woven (fabric, thin)
Paper
Roving
Scale, flake (spheres: now B)
Cord
Veneer
Woven fabric
Not specified
Others
Number code
Letter code
Polymer
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
PETE
HDPE
V
LDPE
PP
PS
-
High-density poly(ethylene)
Vinyl chloride polymers
Low-density poly(ethylene)
Poly(propylene)
Poly(styrene)
All other plastics, including
multilayered materials
I. RECOMMENDED ABBREVIATIONS A N D
ACRONYMS FOR NAMES OF ELASTOMERS
Names of elastomers are listed in alphabetical order of the

names of their monomers, regardless of their proportions. A
"PM" indicates an after-treatment of the polymer; "Other"
refers to old or often used "unofficial" abbreviations; #
indicates that the abbreviation is recommended by IUPAC.
Monomers (incl. after-treatment of PM)
ASTM
Acrylic ester 4- acrylonitrile

Acrylic ester 4- butadiene
Acrylester (4- saturated vulcanizable comonomer)
Acrylonitrile -f butadiene
-, PM contains carboxylic groups
-, PM is hydrogenated
Acrylonitrile 4- butadiene -f styrene, PM contains COOH groups
Butadiene
Butadiene 4- styrene
Butadiene -I- styrene, PM contains COOH groups
Butadiene 4- styrene, elastomeric triblock copolymers
Butadiene -I- styrene, elastomeric block copolymers with COOH groups
Butadiene 4- 2-vinylpyridine
Butadiene 4- 2-vinylpyridine 4- styrene
Chloroprene
Chloroprene 4- acrylonitrile
Chloroprene 4- styrene
Cyclooctene (trans polymer)
Cyclopentene (trans polymer)
Epichlorohydrine
Epichlorohydrine 4- ethylene oxide
Ethylene (PM postchlorinated)
Ethylene (PM perchlorosulfonated)
Ethylene 4- acrylic ester
Ethylene 4- ethyl acrylate
Ethylene 4-propylene
Ethylene 4- propylene f non-conjugated diene
Ethylene 4- vinyl acetate
Ethylene 4- tetrafluoroethylene
Fiuorinated carbon chains (substituents: fluoroperfluoroalkyl-, perfluoroalkoxy-)
Hexafluoropropylene 4- tetrafluoroethylene
Hexafluoropropylene + vinylidenefluoride
Isobutylene
ANM
ABR#
ACM
NBR#
XNBR
BS
ISO
Other
AR
GR-N
H-NBR
XABS
BR#
SBR#
XSBR
YSBR
YXSBR
PBR#
PSBR
CR#
NCR#
SCR#
CO#
ECO
CM
CSM
EAM
EEA
EPM
EPDM
EVM
BP, CBR
GR-S
SBR
SBS
CR
CO
CSPR
EPR
EPTR
TOR
TPA, TPR
CHR
CHC
CSR
E/EA
EPM
AP
APT, EPT
ETFE
FKM
FPM
FEP
FPM
PIB#
PIB
PIB
PIS
Monomers (incl. after-treatment of PM)
ASTM
BS
Isobutylene + isoprene
Isobutylene 4- isoprene (postbrominated PM)
Isobutylene -f isoprene (postchlorinated PM)
Isoprene (natural rubber)
Isoprene (natural rubber, easy-processing)
Isoprene (natural rubber, standardized Indonesian)
Isoprene (natural rubber, standardized Malaysian)
Isoprene (natural rubber, technical classification)
Isoprene (synthetic rubbers)
Isoprene (chlorinated PM)
Isoprene + acrylonitrile
Isoprene -h styrene
Isoprene -f styrene (triblock copolymer)
Isoprene 4- styrene (hydrogenated triblock copolymer)
Norbornene
Phosphonitrile dichloride, with fluorine-containing substituents
Propylene oxide
Propylene oxide + allylglycidyl ether
Silicone with fluoro substituents
Silicone with fluoro + methyl substituents
Silicone with fluoro 4- methyl 4- vinyl substituents
Silicone with methyl substituents
Silicone with phenyl substituents
Silicone with phenyl 4- methyl substituents
Silicone with phenyl 4- vinyl 4- methyl substituents
Silicone with vinyl substituents
Silicone with vinyl 4- methyl substituents
Sulfides (thioplastics)
Tetrafluoroethylene 4- trifluoronitrosomethane
4- nitrosoperfluorobutyric acid (nitroso rubber)
Urethane elastomers
Urethane elastomers with polyester segments
Urethane elastomers with polyether segments
Urethane-polyester elastomers, crosslinkable by isocyanates
Urethane-polyester elastomers, crosslinkable by peroxides
Vinylidenefluoride 4- hexafluoropropylene
Tetrafluoroethylene 4- perfluoralkylvinyl ether
Thermoplastic elastomers, in general
Thermoplastic olefin elastomers
Thermoplastic elastomers on basis styrene-diene
Thermoplastic elastomers on basis ester
Thermoplastic elastomers on basis ether-amide
IIR#
BIIR
CIIR
NR#
Butyl
IR#
IR
ISO
Other
GR-I, PIBI
NK
SP
SIR
SMR
TC
CPI, PIP
RUC
NIR
SIR#
SIS
SEBS
PNR
PNF
OPR
POR
PO
GPO
FQ
FMQ
FVMQ
MQ
PQ
PMQ
PVMQ
VQ
VMQ
MFQ
MPQ
MPVQ
MVQ
T, TR, OT
AFMU
UE
AU
EU
AU-I
AU-P
FPM
CNR
UR
AU
EU
FPM
PFA
TPE, TPR
TPE-O, TPO
TPE-S
TPE-E
TPE-A
TPEL
The following abbreviations are also used. ICR: rubber from undiluted latex of natural rubber (initial concentration rubber); OER: oil-extended rubber; RTV: room temperature
vulcanization.
J.
ABBREVIATIONS FOR TEXTILE FIBERS*
Short Name
Name
NATURAL PROTEIN FIBERS (SILK)
Mulberry spinner (Bombyx mori L)
Tussah
NATURAL PROTEIN HBERS (WOOL)
Alpaca (Llama pacos)
Angora rabbit ("Angorakaninchen")
Beaver
ISO
FTC
Abbreviation
DIN
ASTM
ETG
Ms
SE
Ts
Ap
Ak
WP
WA
"rB
* ISO: International Standardization Organization; FTC: US Federal Trade Commission; DIN: German Standards (Deutsches Institut fur Normung), DIN
60001; '*..." indicates the German word from which the abbreviation or acronym was derived; ASTM: American Society for Testing and Materials; ETG:
European Textile Characterization Law.
Short Name
Name
ISO
FTC
Cashmere goat ("Kaschmir-Ziege")

Guanaco
Llama
Mohair
Otter
Sheep
- , virgin wool
Vicuna
Yak
DIN
ASTM
Kz
ETG
WS
WU
WL
WM
WT
WO
WV
WG
WY
Lm
Mo
Wo
Vi
NATURAL PROTEIN FIBERS (HAIRS)

Camel ( " K a m e D
Cow ("Rind")
Goat ("Haar der Ziege")
Hare ("Hase")
Horse ("Rosshaar")
Human ("Haar")
Rabbit ("Kaninchen")
Tibetan goat ("Tibetziege")
Km
Ri
WK
Hz
Hs
Rh
HA
Kn
Tz
NATURAL CELLULOSE FIBERS (TEXTILE FIBERS)

Cotton ("Baumwolle")
Flax
- , linen
- , half-linen
Ramie
Bw
Fl
CO
LI
LI
HF
RA
Ra
NATURAL CELLULOSE FIBERS (HARD FIBERS AND OTHERS)

Alfalfa
Broom ("Ginster")
Calatropis
CoirrKokos")
Esparto grass [alfa)
Hemp (Cannabis)
- , Bombay (Sunn hemp)
--, Manila (Abaca)
Henequen (Agave)
Jute
Kapok
Kenaf
Maguey
Mauritius fiber (Fique)
Moss, American
Phormium (New Zealand flax)
Rosella
Sisal
Urena
AL
Gl
An
Ko
Ag
CC
CA
SN
AB
Sn
Ma
He
Ju
Kp
Kf
JU
KP
KE
MG
Fi
Tl
Nf
Ro
Si
Ur
REGENERATED POLYSACCHARIDE FIBERS

Alginate
Cellulose
Cupro
Cellulose 2 1/2 acetate

Viscose
Modal
Deacetylated
Acetate
Acetate
triacetate
REGENERATED PROTEIN FIBERS

Ardein fibers
Casein fibers
Regenerated protein fibers,
in general
Zein fibers
Abbreviation
Cupra
(rayon)
Rayon
Rayon
Rayon
AL
CC
AG
CU
CV
VI
MD
Acetate
triacetate
CA
CT
AR
KR
Protein
SI
Azlon
CA
CTA
AC
TA
CS
PR
ZE
Short Name
Name
SYNTHETIC FIBERS
Elastodiene
Fluoro
Poly(acrylonitrile)
Poly(acrylonitrile), copolymeric
Polyamide, aliphatic
Polyamide, aromatic
Polyester [poly(ethylene terephthalate]
- , [from ethylene glycol, terephthalic acid and p-hydrooxybenzoic acid]
Poly(ethylene)
Polypropylene)
Poly(styrene) (>88% sty)
Polyurea
Polyurethane
- , segmented
Poly(vinyl alcohol)
Poly(vinyl chloride) (>85% VC)
Poly(vinyl chloride), copolymeric
Poly(vinylidene chloride),
copolymeric
Trivinyl
ISO
fibers
DIN
ASTM
ETG
LA
EU
PAC
PAM
PAN
EL
FL
PAN
MA
PA
PA
PA
PES
PET
PL
PE
PP
PE
PP
fiber
Acrylic
Modacrylic
Nylon,
Polyamide
Aramide
Acrylic
Modacrylic
Nylon,
Polyamide
Aramide
Polyester
Polyester
Elastan
Vinylal
Chlorofiber
Chlorofiber
Vinyon
PEE
PE
PP
PST
PUA
PUR
PUE
PVA
PVC
PVM
Chlorofiber
Saran
PVD
Polyethylene
Olefin
Polypropylene Olefin
Spandex
Vinal
fiber
INORGANIC FIBERS
Asbestos
Glass
Metal
Mineral (rock wool)
Slag wool
OTHER FIBERS
Unspecified
Unknown
FTC
Abbreviation
PB
PU
EA
VY
TV
Glass
fibers
fibers
PUR
Glass
As
GL
MT
ST
SL
AS
GL
ME
AF
TR
C h e m i c a l
a n d
A b s t r a c t
O n l i n e
f o r
R e g i s t r y
D a t a b a s e
P o l y m e r
N u m b e r s
S e a r c h i n g
L i t e r a t u r e
M . J o h n s o n , E. A . G r u l k e
University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
A. Nomenclature
B. CAS Registry Numbers
C. Indexing and CAS Registry Number
Assignment
D. Example Searches
1. Example of a Search Using the Polymer
CAS Registry Number
2. Example of a Search Using the Monomer
CAS Registry Number
3. Example of a Combined Search
4. Example of a Copolymer Search
5. Example of an Engineering Database
Search
6. Example of a Search with Punctuation in
the Polymer Name
7. Example of an Engineering Materials
Abstracts Search
8. Example of a Polymer Trademark Search
E. List of CAS Regisry Numbers of Common
Polymers
VIII-25
VIII-25
VIH-26
VIH-26
VIH-26
VIH-26
VIH-26
VIII-28
VIII-29
VIII-29
VIII-29
VIII-29
VIII-32
The advent of computerized database searching for

polymer literature has made locating technical information
both easier and harder. While computers greatly increase
the speed and completeness of a search, the algorithms and
conventions used are often quite different from those used
for hardcopy (paper) indexes. The following discussion and
tables give basic information needed to start identifying and
searching the most common polymers in the most used
databases and paper indexes.
A.
NOMENCLATURE
The Common Name is the name used by many scientists

and engineers, and is used for listing polymers in catalogs
such as Aldrich, and engineering indexes such as
Engineering Index. Various other common Synonyms or
Trade Names are also listed in the table and used in the
literature. The Chemical Abstracts (CA) Index Name is the
most recent name used by Chemical Abstracts Service
(CAS). In general, Chemical Abstracts follows IUPAC
guidelines when naming polymers. The CAS Registry

Number (CAS Reg. No.) is a unique identifying number
given to each of the 18 million chemical compounds CAS
has indexed. The Molecular Formula is the formula for the
smallest repeating unit of the polymer. In some cases, such
as cellulose, the exact molecular formula is not known.
B. CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
CAS Registry Numbers provide a consistent method of
identifying and searching for polymers in literature
databases, and have been used to develop the table in this
section. CAS indexes the chemical and chemical engineering literature from about 80000 worldwide journals,
conference papers, books, and patent literature.
The way that CAS (or IUPAC) names a compound is
often very different from that used in scientific journals or
the popular press. Polyethylene provides an excellent
example of this problem. The name in CA is currently
Ethene, homopolymer. CAS used to index it under
Ethylene, polymers. Over 2000 synonyms or trade names
are listed for polyethylene compounds, ranging from
Alathon (registered trademark of the Lyondell Petrochemical Company) to Suzulon (a tradename used by Aicello
Chemical Corporation, but not trademarked). As CAS
understates in its publication, "Polymer Searching",
"Unfortunately, naming conventions for polymers have
not achieved widespread understanding, and molecular
formulas are not unique search terms." CAS Registry
Numbers are used not only by CAS in their database
indexing but by the US Federal Government in their Toxic
Substances Inventory, by the US Department of Transportation for regulating transport of chemicals, and by other
indexes such as Merck and Aldrich. They are the most
precise and unique compound identification.
Authors of polymer literature may not always be able to
report the precise structure of their materials. However, they
usually do report the monomers used in the polymerization.
Thus, while polymers are represented in two ways, as
monomers and by final structure (Structural Repeating Unit
or SRU), the primary registration of a polymer is by its
component monomers. The Registry Number for most
polymers in the table can be used to find the component

Registry Numbers for their corresponding monomers.
Similarly, the Registry Number for copolymers will lead
to the monomer registry numbers. Searching just by the
SRU, the homopolymer, or the copolymer number will not
retrieve a complete citation list.
C. INDEXING AND CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
ASSIGNMENT
Chemical Abstracts assigns Registry Numbers to polymers
based on both their monomers and their final structure. The
table here usually lists the Registry Number for the
homopolymer or copolymer. However, searches that use
only one Registry Number for a polymer are often
incomplete. Polymers based on more than one monomer
should be searched using all the component monomers. All
the copolymer references of a specific monomer can be
found by searching the monomer's Registry Number. The
polymers having the same final structure can be found by
searching the final structure's Registry Number.
Some compounds are so well characterized that they do
not follow the rules and are indexed only under their
structural repeating unit (SRU). These are marked (R) in the
table and include common polymers such as Nylon 6 or
PET Some polymers are not indexed by registry numbers at
all but only by subject. These include tung oil, cellulose,
and linseed oil, which are marked (S) in the table. These
materials are exceptions and, in most searching, registry
numbers must be used in the CAS online files. Some
registry numbers in the Registry File are marked with an
asterisk (*). STN gives the message on-line that these
"represent substances of unknown or variable composition,
complex reaction products, or biological substances that do
not meet the criteria for Chemical Abstracts indexing".
These substances generally have been registered for
regulatory agencies and receive a CA Index Name.
Searching these substances in STN files can be done by
using the Registry Number(s) from the record, terms
derived from the name, terms that are more or less specific
than those in the name (which may include other CAS
Registry Numbers), or associated trade names. Every likely
term should be tried, and additional help should be sought if
other references seem likely.
Section E gives the common names and CA Registry
Numbers for a number of important polymers. A list of
Registry Numbers in numerical order with their corresponding names is available from the authors. Additional
synonyms and trade names are provided, as are the CA
Index names. Molecular formulae are provided, and can be
helpful in searching with structural-related databases. The
Search Guide indices have the following meanings:
S search by CA Index names as a subject in the citation file
* search using every likely term - Registry Numbers,
name, synonyms, etc.
R search by Registry Numbers for components, copolymers, SRU's
U search using the single Registry Number provided.
The CAS database system is available commercially,

most commonly through STN (1-800-848-6538) and Dialog
(1-800-334-2564). Most academic and industrial libraries
have ready access to these systems and may be consulted
for assistance. For illustrative purposes, searches from each
system are demonstrated here. The logic of searching each
system is the same, but commands and features can vary.
For more information about online searching, consult a
librarian or the database vendors. The Chemical Abstracts
Service book, "Searching for Polymer Information in CAS
Online", American Chemical Society, Chemical Abstracts
Service, 1990, p. 173, is the best starting source for polymer
information within Chemical Abstracts. It may be ordered
by calling the STN toll-free number or using the web page.
D.
EXAMPLE SEARCHES
1. Example of a Search Using the Polymer CAS Registry

Number
The first step in a CA search is to identify the registry
numbers. Section E lists registry numbers for many
common polymers. The Registry Number for poly-(acrylamide) is 9003-05-8. Leading zeros should be disregarded
when searching online, for example, search 009003-05-8 as
9003-05-8. Using the CA Registry Number to search the
chemical compound registry file would return the following
information (Fig. 1) from the Dialog database. The Dialog
File number at the beginning of each output refers to a
specific work session for the user. This particular database
provides the molecular formula, related CAS Registry
Numbers, the CA name, a list of synonyms including
tradenames, the CA Registry Number for the monomer, and
the number of literature references over the specified time
interval.
2. Example of a Search Using the Monomer CAS Registry
Number
The CAS Registry Number for the monomer from the
previous example, acrylamide, is 79-06-1. Searching by the
component Registry Number in the Registry File gives the
following record (Fig. 2).
3. Example of a Combined Search
The results of both searches (polymer and monomer CAS
Registry Numbers) would be combined to generate a more
complete listing of the literature. The following answers
(Fig. 3) are found by searching the abstracts file for CA
(399 on Dialog) with the monomer and polymer Registry
Numbers.
Searching by the homopolymer Registry Number (RN),
9003-05-8, produced most citations. However, over 6000
additional articles containing information about the monomer would have been missed if the monomer Registry
Number, 79-06-1, had not been used. Some of these may
contain needed information about the polymer. Only 539
articles were indexed using both Registry Numbers.
(Dialog File 398)

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER: 9003-05-8 (POLYMER)
MOLECULAR FORMULA: (C3H5NO)x
REPLACED CAS REGISTRY NUMBER(S): 9082-06-8 12624-24-7 25038-45-3
27754-57-0 33338-03-3 39355-07-2 39387-77-4 51312-40-4 57679-11-5
68247-81-4 72270-86-1 79079-15-5 104981-89-7 114265-35-9 143180-09-0
143180-13-6 143180-22-7
CA NAME(S):
HP = 2-Propenamide (9CI)
NM = homopolymer
HP = Acrylamide (8CI)
NM polymers
SYNONYMS: Acrylarmde homopolymer; Acrylamide polymer; Alcoflood 1175;
Alcoflood 935; American Cyanamid KPAM; American Cyanamid P 250; AMF;
Aminogen PA; AP 273; Aron F 40; BanDrift; Boze Floe N 46BT; Calgon 470;
Calgon 800; Cogum 2OP; Cogum 25H; Cyanamer N 300LMW; Cyanamer P 250;
Cyanamer P 35; Cytame 5; Diaclear MA 3000H; Diaclear MN 3000H; DK Dry
Capsule ESP; Dow ET 597; Dow J 100; Dow 164; DP 1916; DP 9-6193; Drew
Floe 41; E 936; ET 597; Flygtol GB; Formula 358; Gelamide 250; Get-Down
; GPA-u; Himoloc OK 507; Himoloc SS 200; Hiset P 700; Hyset P 700SN;
Instar NS; J 100; J lOO(polymer); K 4; K 4(acrylic polymer); K-PAM; KAL
13; KW 677; Magnifloc 900N; Maquat 100; Migunon NS; Mirbane 301; Nalco
Lp 3033; Nalco 7871; Nalco 8871; NL; P 250; P 250(polymer); P 300; P
300(polyacrylamide); PAA 1; PAA 7OL; PAM; PAM 50; PAM(homopolymer);
Pamid; PC 305; Percol 333; Plex 4847D; Polias 320; Polyacron KR 143;
Polyacrylamide; Polyacrylamide resin; Polyhall 2J; Polyhall 5J;
Polymerset C 305; Polysic; Polystron 117; Polystron 145; Polystron 191;
Polystron 194-7; Pomosist 117; Praestol 2800; Praestol 2810/73;
Praestol 6000; Sanpoly A 520; Santac SP 66; Santac SP 67; Seabetter AD;
Sedipur TF; Sedipur TF 514; Sepaflux CE 5174; Solidokoll K; Solvitose
433; Stargum AD-S; Stokopol D 2624; Sumifloc FN 10H; Sumirez A 17;
Sumirez A 27: Sursolan P 5; Texapret AM; Tulsepar PNS 1; TY 007;
Versicol W I l : Versicol W 17; Versicol W 25; Versicol WN 15; Viterra II
; X-Coat P 130C; X-Coat P 180S; Zonen A; 2J; 3330s; 38F
COMPONENT CAS REGISTRY NUMBER(S):
(79-06-1)
Component RN
Component Molecular Formula
1) 79-06-1 C3H5NO
SUBFILE: CHEMNAME
LASTUPDATE: 199611
13873 LITERATURE REFERENCES) IN FILE 399.
Figure 1. Dialog database output from searching CAS Registry No. 9003-05-8.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER: 79-06-1

MOLECULAR FORMULA: C3H5NO
CA NAME(S):
HP = 2-Propenamide (9CI)
HP = Acrylamide (8CI)
SYNONYMS: Acrylic amide; Ethylenecarboxamide; Propenamide; Vinyl amide
SUBFILE. CHEMNAME 6574 LITERATURE REFERENCES) IN FILE 399.
LAST UPDATE: 199608
Figure 2.
Dialog database output from searching CAS Registry No. 79-06-1.
Set Items Description

?srn-9003-05-8
51 14051 R N = 9003-05-8
?srn = 79-06-1
52 6622 R N = 79.06-1
?s si or s2
14051 Sl
6622 S2
53 20134 Sl O R S2
?s si and s2
14051 Sl
6622 S2
54 539 Sl A N D S2
Figure 3. Dialog database output from combining the polymer
and monomer searches.
4. Example of a Copolymer Search

Poly(acrylonitrile-co-butadiene) is a common commercial
product. The STN database was searched for this
copolymer, using its CAS Registry Number along with
those of the monomers. The search method is similar to that
for homopolymers; the copolymer and the two monomers
are searched separately, and the results are combined. Some
records have been edited for clarity and conciseness. In
Fig. 4, component 1 is acrylonitrile and component 2 is
butadiene.
(STN Registry File)

Ll ANSWER 1 OF 1 REGISTRY COPYRIGHT 1997 ACS
RN ***9003-18-3*** REGISTRY
CN 2-Propenenitrile, polymer with 1,3-butadiene (9CI) (CA INDEX NAME)
OTHER CA INDEX NAMES:
CN 1,3-Butadiene, polymer with 2-propenenitrile (9CI)
CN 1,3-Butadiene, polymer with acrylonitrile (8CI)
CN Acrylonitrile, polymer with 1,3-butadiene (8CI)
OTHER NAMES:
CN 1,3-Butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer
CN 1,3-Butadiene-acrylonitrile polymer
CN Acrylonitrile-1,3-butadiene copolymer
(30 other chemical names or synonyms or trade names are listed)
MF (C4 H6 . C3 H3 N)x
CM 1 (Component One)
CRN 107-13-1 (Component Registry Number)
CMF C3 H3 N (Component Molecular Formula)
CM 2 (Component Two)
CRN 106-99-0 (Component Registry Number)
CMF C4 H6 (Component Molecular Formula)
Figure 4.
STN database output from a copolymer search.
Searching by the two component Registry Numbers

given above, (107-13-1, acrylonitrile; 106-99-0, butadiene),
gives the following records in the Registry File (Fig. 5).
Figure 6 shows the output when all the separate searches
(Figs. 4 and 5) are combined. Search strings for each
command are shown.
In this case, there are fewer articles for the copolymer
(9003-18-3) than for either of the component monomers
individually. On the other hand, 550 citations have the two
components together, with very little overlap between that
set and the copolymer. This once again illustrates the
importance of including the monomers to get a complete
search in CA files online.
A similar search in the paper version of CA could be
done by finding the latest CA name for the homopolymer or
copolymer and all related monomers in the Chemical
Substance Index, and then referring to the abstracts. The
Chemical Substance Index also lists the Registry !Numbers
for all compounds indexed, and should be checked prior to
online work.
Additional search methods include using the trade name,
chemical name, and molecular formula in the Registry File
to start the search for a polymer Registry Number. The table
gives a starting point for common polymers, but with over
700000 polymeric entries, it is impossible to list them all.
L2 ANSWER 1 OF 2 REGISTRY COPYRIGHT 1997 ACS

RN ***i07-13-l*** REGISTRY
CN 2-Propenenitrile (9CI) (CA INDEX NAME)
OTHER CA INDEX NAMES:
CN Acrylonitrile (8CI)
OTHER NAMES:
CN Acrylon
CN Carbacryl
CN Cyanoethene
CN Cyanoethylene
CN Fumigrain
CN Propenenitrile
CN VCN
CN Ventox
CN Vinyl cyanide
L2 ANSWER 2 OF 2 REGISTRY COPYRIGHT 1997 ACS
RN ** 106-99-0*** REGISTRY
CN 1,3-Butadiene (8CI, 9CI) (CA INDEX NAME)
OTHER NAMES:
CN .alpha.,.gamma.-Butadiene
CN Biethylene
CN Bivinyl
CN Butadiene
CN Butadiene-1,3
CN Divinyl
CN Erythrene
CN Vinylethylene
MF C4 H6
Figure 5. STN database output of comonomer searches.
(File CA on STN)
= > s 9003-18-3
L3 7648 9003-18-3
= > s 107-13-1
L4 16353 107-13-1
= > s 106-99-0
L5 12917 106-99-0
= > s 14 and 15
L6 550L4ANDL5
= > s 13 and 16
L7 19 L3 AND L6
Figure 6. STN database output from a combined search for a
coplymer and its monomers.
5. Example of an Engineering Database Search
Searching the engineering databases is a less formidable

task. In most cases, the searches for polymers are started
using the common names of the compound. The indexing of
the answer set is then evaluated for other terms to use. The
following search is from the Engineering Index (file 8) on
Dialog (Fig. 7).
Set Items Description
?s polyoxymethylene (compound entered as one word)
51 396 POLYOXYMETHYLENE
?s poly()oxymethylene (compound entered as two words)
39391 POLY
155 OXYMETHYLENE
52 87 POLYQOXYMETHYLENE
?s si or s2
396Sl
87 S2
53 459 Sl OR S2
?t 1/8/1
1/8/1
DIALOG(R)FiIe 8:(c) 1997 Engineering Info. Inc. All rts. reserv.
04628455
Title: Hybrid effects on mechanical properties of polyoxymethylene
Descriptors: *Polymers; Fracture toughness; Strain rate; Tensile strength;
Bending strength; Impact resistance; Elastic moduli
Identifiers: Polyoxymethylene; Hybrid strength; Impact strength;
Flexural modulus
2/8/2
DIALOG(R)FiIe 8:(c) 1997 Engineering Info. Inc. All rts. reserv.
04572617
Title: Spatially resolved in situ analysis of polymer additives by
two-step laser mass spectrometry
Descriptors: *Additives; Polyvinyl chlorides; Polypropylenes;
Polyethylene terephthalates; Composition effects; Desorption; Stabilizers
(agents); Carbon dioxide lasers; Laser ablation; Antioxidants
Identifiers: Polyoxymethylene; Hydroxyphenylbenzotriazole; Polymer
additives
Figure 7.
Engineering Index output for poly(oxymethylene).
In this case, poly(oxymethylene) is indexed as one word

so the search term was appropriate to this database. The
two-word search (S2 and S3) was taken from the authors'
abstracts, which are searched automatically in this database
(unlike in CAS files).
6. Example of a Search with Punctuation in the Polymer
Name
Poly(L-proline) is a more difficult search because most
databases do not index punctuation. In this case, the
compound is entered as if it were three words. In the first
search, each word is specified to bedn that specific order
(adjacent to each other). This search yielded 26 hits (Fig. 8),
but the specific records show that the term was found just in
the abstract, not in the indexing. Searching by the broader
term "polypeptides" would get a larger, less specific,
answer set since any polypeptide could be included. The
database also shows that "polypeptides" has been an index
term since 1977.
Searching poly(L-proline) as three separate words would
pull the terms from anywhere in the database record. This
method gives more answers than the first search strategy
(Fig. 9) but less than the broad polypeptide search.
7. Example of an Engineering Materials Abstracts Search
Similar strategies of searching chemical names and
checking indexing should be used for other engineering
databases such as Engineering Materials Abstracts. A
search of the word, nylon, retrieves a larger answer set
than the search of the sequence, nylon 6 (Fig. 10). A check
of the indexing determines that nylon 6 is a valid term and
would be a more specific, focused search on the topic.
Chemical Abstracts, Engineered Materials, Engineering
Index, and other indexes such as Current Contents or the
National Technical Information Service are available online
through many vendors, on CDROM, at libraries, and over
the Internet, via accounts with security and passwords.
They are still available in paper copy at many libraries.
Before doing any kind of literature search, the researcher
must first decide how much information is needed, for what
time period, what limits such as language or type of
material are to be applied, and how much time is to be
devoted to the search. Then each resource can be evaluated
for what is covered and how it is indexed so that the proper
tools will be used. Finding information is a lot like doing an
experiment. Many paths can be explored and different
techniques are tried until the researcher is satisfied.
8. Example of a Polymer Trademark Search
A trademark is either a word, phrase, symbol or design, or
combination of words, phrases, symbols or designs, which
identifies and distinguishes the source of the goods or
services of one party from those of others. US trademark
rights arise from either (a) actual use of the mark, or (b) the
filing of a proper application to register a mark in the Patent
?s poly()l()proline
39391 POLY
71166 L
259 PROLINE
Sl
26 P O L Y ( ) L ( ) P R O L I N E
?t 7/5
7/5/1
DIALOG(R)FiIe 8:Ei Compendex(R)
(c) 1997 Engineering Info. Inc. All rts. reserv.
03979891 E.I. No: EIP94112411957

Title: Optical activity measurements in solids 7. Polylactides and poly (
beta -hydroxybutyrates)
Author: Bartus, Jan; Weng, Dexi; Vogl, Otto
Corporate Source: Polytechnic Univ, Brooklyn, NY, USA
Source: Polymer International v 34 n 4 Aug 1994. p 433-442
Publication Year: 1994
CODEN: PLYIEI ISSN: 0959-8103
Language: English
Document Type: JA; (Journal Article) Treatment: X; (Experimental)
Journal Announcement: 9412W4
Abstract: The optical activities of poly-(R)-lactide, poly-(S)-lactide,
poly (beta -hydroxybutyrate) and two beta -hydroxyvalerate copolymers were
measured in solution, as solid powders in suspension, and where possible,
as films. Poly-(plus)-3-methyl-l-pentene was also reinvestigated. In some
cases the specific rotation values of powder samples showed significant
differences from the values of the solution measurements. The discrepancies
of the data observed seem to reflect the local environment of the polymer
chains in supermolecular assemblies and consequently the solid state
structure (morphology) of the polymers. The circular dichroism (CD) spectra
of the polymers were also measured in solution and in the form of their
films. For comparison, the CD spectra of the naturally occurring protein
casein and of the synthetic polypeptide poly-(L)-proline were also
measured. (Author abstract) 21 Refs.
Descriptors: *Polymers; Optical variables measurement; Powders; Plastic
films; Molecular structure; Morphology; Proteins; Casein; Polypeptides;
Sodium compounds
Identifiers: Polylactides; Polyhydroxybutyrates; Circular dichroism
?s polypeptides
Sl 1783 POLYPEPTIDES (January 1977)
Figure 8.
Engineering Index output for an adjacent word search.
?s poly and 1 and proline

39391 POLY
71166 L
259 PROLINE
S8 39 POLY AND L AND PROLINE
Title: Synthesis of crosslinked poiy(vinyl alcohol) with L- proline
pendant as the chiral stationary phase for resolution of ammo acid
enantiomers
Abstract: The porous crosslinked poly (vinyl alcohol) beads with the L
-proline pendant was synthesized as the chiral stationary phase (CSP) for
ligand-exchange chromatography of amino...
...and triallyl isocyanurate as a crosslinker, methanolysis of the
copolymer, glycidylation of the formed crosslinked poly (vinyl alcohol),
and final functionalization with L-proline. After the polymer with the
chiral ligand was complexed with copper(II) cations, it was...
Figure 9.
Engineering Index output for a general word search.
?s nylon
57 3241 NYLON
?s nylon()6
3241 NYLON
18621 6
58 1615NYLON()6
t 8/8/1
Engineering composites with nylon 6 matrix.
Descriptors: Conference Paper; Nylon 6 - Composite materials;
Styrene
butadiene resins- Composite materials; Thermoplastic elastomersMechanical properties; Tensile strength; Impact strength
Section Headings: D2 Materials Development
Subfile: P Polymers
Figure 10. Engineering Materials Abstracts output.
ALATHON
Stylized Letters
INTL CLASS: 1 (Chemicals)
U.S. CLASS: 6 (Chemicals and Chemical Compositions)
STATUS. Renewed
SERlALNO.: 71-569,356
REG. NO.: 543,580
REGISTERED: June 12, 1951
PUBLISHED: March 13, 1951
ORIGINAL REGISTRANT: E.I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY
(Delaware Corporation), J007 MARKET STREET. WILMINGTON, DE
(Delaware). USA (United States of America)
3RD NEW OWNER ENTERED AFTER REGISTRATION: OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL
2400, HOUSTON, TX (Texas), 77046. USA (United States of
America)
RENEWAL OWNER: (New Samek Corporation), 5 GREENWAY PLAZA, SUITE
Renewed: June 12, 1971ARENEWAL OWNER: OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL
CORPORATION (New York Corporation), 5 GREENWAY PLAZA, SUITE
2400, HOUSTON, TX (Texas), 77046, USA (United States of
America)
Renewed: June !2, 1991
ASSIGNEE(S). CHASE MANHATTAN BANK. THE (NATIONAL ASSOCIATION)
AS
AGENT FOR THE BANKS
Assignor(s): CAIN CHEMICAL INC. (Delaware Corporation)
Reel/Frame: 0564/0786
Recorded: June 8, 1987
Brief: SECURITY INTEREST
ASSIGNEE(S): CAIN CHEMICAL INC. (Delaware Corporation), ELEVEN
GREENWAY PLAZA. SUITE 2700, HOUSTON. TX (Texas). USA (United
States of America)
Assignor(s): E. I. DU PONT DE MEMOURS AND COMPANY (Delaware
Corporation), 1007 MARKET ST., WILMINGTON, DE (Delaware).
USA
(United States of America)
Acknowledged: June 9. 1987
Recorded: August 24. 1987
Brief: ASSIGNS THE ENTIRE INTEREST AND GOOD WILL
ASSIGNEE(S): CAIN CHEMICAL INC. (Delaware Corporation)
Assignor(s): CHASE MANHATTAN BANK, THE (NATIONAL
ASSOCIATION),
AS AGENT
Recorded: December 19, 1988
Brief: RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY OF THE SECURITY AGREEMENT
RECORDED ON JUNE 8, 1987, AT REEL 0564, FRAME 786.
ASSIGNEE(S): OXY PETROCHEMICALS INC.
Assignor(s): CAIN CHEMICAL INC. (Delaware Corporation)
Recorded June 14, 1990
Brief. CHANGE OF NAME EFFECTIVE SEP. 21, 1989
ASSIGNEE(S): OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION (New York
Corporation), FIVE GREENWAY PLAZA, SUITE 2400, HOUSTON, TX
(Texas), USA (United States of America)
Assignor(s): OXY PETROCHEMICALS INC. (Delaware Corporation),
FIVE GREENWAY PLAZA, SUITE 2500, HOUSTON. TX (Texas). USA
(United States of America)
Recorded: June 14, 1990
ASSIGNEES): LYONDELL PETROCHEMICAL COMPANY (New York
Corporation), 1221 MCKINNEY ST., SUITE 1600. HOUSTON. TX
(Texas). 77010, USA (United States of America)
Assignor(s): OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION (New York
Corporation)
Recorded: February 13. 1996
Figure 11. Trademark database search for Alathon.
and Trademark Office (PTO) stating that the applicant has a

bonafide intention to use the mark in commerce regulated
by the US Congress. Federal registration is not required to
establish rights in a mark, nor is it required to begin use of
a mark. However, federal registration can secure benefits
beyond the rights acquired by merely using a mark. For
example, the owner of a federal registration is presumed to
be the owner of the mark for the goods and services
specified in the registration, and to be entitled to use the
mark nationwide. There are two related but distinct types of
rights in a mark: the right to register and the right to use.
Generally, the first party who either uses a mark in
commerce or files an application in the PTO has the
ultimate right to register that mark. The PTO's authority is
limited to determining the right to register. The right to use
a mark can be more complicated to determine.
Information on polymer trademarks can be found

by searching in trademark databases on Dialog. The
search is complicated because a name may be trademarked
in one country, and yet not in another. Trademarks may
be sold, or they may be assigned by one business to
another.
A search for Alathon, a registered trademark for polyethylene, is given as an example (Fig. 11). Dialog's
trademark scan software provides a description of the
goods or services the trademark describes, gives the
trademark status, the application number, the registration
number and type, and the dates of the action. Previous
owners or assignees of the trademark can be identified.
Usually, the trademark database of each country of
interest must be checked to determine whether the name is
registered.
E. LIST OF CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS OF COMMON POLYMERS
Common name
Alginic acid
Alginic acid, sodium salt
Bayberry wax
Beeswax, refined, yellow
Boron nitride
Candelilla wax, natural
Carboxymethyi cellulose
Carboxymethyi cellulose,
sodium salt
Carnauba wax, refined, No. 1,
yellow
Carrageenan, type I
(tt-carrageenan)
Carrageenan, type II
(t-carrageenan)
Cellulose
Cellulose acetate
Synonyms
CAS Registry No.
Myrtle wax
Carboxymethylated cellulose
sodium salt; cellulose glycolate
Ambergum, carboxymethyicellulose; sodium carboxylmethyl cellulose
9005-32-7
9005-38-3
8038-77-5
8012-89-3
10043-11-5
8006-44-8
9004-32-4
9004-32-4
CA name
Alginic acid
Alginic acid, sodium salt
Fats and Glyceridic oils, bayberry
Beeswax
Boron nitride
Beeswax
Cellulose, carboxymethyl ether,
sodium salt
Cellulose, carboxymethyi
ether, sodium salt
8015-86-9
Acetic acid, cellulose ester

Acetobutyrate cellulose; cellulose
acetobutyrate
Cellulose acetate butyrate,

acrylamidomethyl
Search
method
R
R
S*
S*
R
S*
R
R
Unk
9000-07-1
Carrageenan
Unk
9062-07-1
i-Carrageenan
Unk
9004-34-6
9004-35-7
9004-36-8
Cellulose
Cellulose, acetate
Cellulose, acetate butanoate
R
R
R
Cellulose, acetate butanoate,

((1 -oxo-2-propenyl)amino)methyl ether
Unk
(C2H4O2)*; Unk
(C 4HsO2)*
(C2H 4O2 ) x; Unk
(C 4 H 8 O 2 )*
(C4H 7 NO 2)x
(C 2 H 4 O 2 ) X ;
Unk
(C 8 H 6 O 4 )*
(C 2 H 4 O 2 )*;
Unk
(C 3 H 6 O 2 )*
(C 2 H 4 O 2 )*;
Unk
(C 4 H 7 NO 2 )*
(C 3 H 6 O 2 )*
(C 2 H 4 O 2 )*;
Unk
(C 9 H 6 O 6 )*
(C 2 H 4 O 2 )*;
Unk
(C 2 H 4 O 2 ) 1/2;
Unk
91313-01-8
Acetyl phthalyl cellulose; cellulose

acetate phthalate
9004-38-0
Cellulose, acetate hydrogen

1,2-benzene dicarboxylate
Cellulose acetate propionate
Acetylpropionyl cellulose
9004-39-1
Cellulose, acetate propanoate
Cellulose acetate propionate,

acrylamidomethyl
97635-64-8
Cellulose, acetate propanoate,

((l-oxo-2-propenyl)amino)methyl ether
Cellulose acetate trimellitate
52907-01-4
Cellulose, acetate 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylate
Cellulose, diacetate
Diacetyl cellulose
* Indicates that the precise molecular formula is unknown.
Unk*
Unk
Unk
Unk
BN
Unk
(CiHUO3)*
Nax; Unk
(C2H4O3)*
Nax; Unk
S*
Cellulose acetate hydrogen

phthalate
Cellulose diacetate
Molecular
formula
9035-69-2
Common name
Synonyms
CAS Registry No.
Cellulose nitrate
Cellulose propionate
Cellulose sulfate
Collodion; soluble gun cotton

Sodium cellulose sulfate
9004-70-0
9004-48-2
9005-22-5
Poroplastic; triacetyicellulose
9012-09-3
Cellulose xanthate
Cellulose, cyanoethylated
Cellulose carbonodithioate;
cellulose hydrogen dithiocarbonate
Cellulose cyanoethyl ether;
cellulose ethylcyanide
Cellulose, tributanoate
9047-07-8
Cellulose, tris (phenylcarbamate)
9032-37-5
Cellulose, hydrogen
carbonodithioate
(HNO3).,; Unk
(C3H6O2)A; Unk
(H2O4S).V
Na.t; Unk
(C 2 H 4 O 2 ) 1/3;
Unk
(C 4 H 8 O 2 ) 1/3;
Unk
(C 7 H 7 NO 2 ) 1/3;
Unk
(CH2OS2).,; Unk
9004-41-5
Cellulose, 2-cyanoethyl ether
(C3H5NO)x; Unk
Cellulose, mixt. with cellulose

carboxymethyl ether sodium
salt
Chitin
Chitosan
Ethene, chloro-, homopolymer,
chlorinated
Rubber, synthetic, chlorinated
polyethylene
Coconut oil
Cellulose, ethyl ether
(C 2 H 4 O 3 )*
Nav; Unk
S*
R
*
Unk
Unk
Unk
Unk
S*
R
Unk
(C2H6O)A; Unk
R
R
Unk
Unk
9004-62-0
Carbon fluoride
Guar gum, carboxymethyl
2-hydroxypropyl ether,
sodium salt
Cellulose, hydroxybutyi
methyl ether
Cellulose, 2-hydroxyethyl ether
(C4Hi0O2).v
(CH4O)x; Unk
(C 2 H 6 O 2 ),; Unk
9004-64-2
Cellulose, 2-hydroxypropyl ether
(C 3 H 8 O 2 ).,; Unk
9004-65-3
Cellulose, 2-hydroxypropyl
methyl ether
Cellulose, hydrogen 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate, 2-hydroxypropyl
methyl ether
Lignin, alkali
Lignin, alkali, 2-hydroxypropyl
ether
Lignin, alkali, carboxymethyl ether
R
R
(C3H8O2)A
(CH4O)x; Unk
(C 8 H 6 O 4 )*
(C3H8O2).,
(CH4O).V; Unk
Unk
(C 3 H 8 O 2 )/, Unk
(C2H4O3Xx; Unk
Lignin, hydrolytic
Lignin, organosolv
Lignin, organosolv,
2-hydroxyethyl ether
Lignosulfonic acid, sodium salt
Linseed oil
Maltodextrin
Benzene, (chloromethyl)ethenyl-,
polymer with diethenylbenzene
and ethenylbenzene
R
R
R
Unk
Unk
(C 2 H 6 O 2 ).,; Unk
R
S*
R
R
Unk
Unk
Unk
(C10H10C9H9
Cl-C 8 H 8 ).,
(C2H6O2),(CH4O).,-; Unk
(CH4O),-; Unk
51395-75-6
Chitin, crab shells

Chitosan
Chlorinated poly(vinyl
chloride)
Chlorinated polyethylene
1398-61-4
9012-76-4
68648-82-8
Graphite, fluorinated, polymer

Guar gum carboxymethyl
2-hydroxypropyl ether,
sodium salt
Hydroxybutyl methyl cellulose
63231 66-3
Fats and glyceridic oils
Cellulose ethyl ether; cellulose
ethylate; ethocel, ethyl
cellulose ether
Sodium carboxymethyl
hydroxypropyl guar
Cellosize; cellulose hydroxyethyl

ether; cellulose hydroxyethyl ate;
glycol cellulose
Cellulose hydroxypropyl ether;
hydropropyl cellulose;
hydroxypropyl cellulose
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Cellulose hydroxypropyl methyl
ether
Hydroxypropyl methyl
Cellulose phthalate hydroxypropyl
cellulose phthalate
methyl ether
Lignin, alkali
Lignin, alkali, 2-hydroxypropyl
ether
Lignin, alkali, carboxymethyl
ether
Lignin, hydrolytic
Lignin, organosolv
Lignin, organosolv,
2-hydroxyethyl ether
Lignosulfonic acid, sodium salt
Linseed oil
Maltodextrin
Merrifield's peptide resin,
cross-linked
lnduHn A
Kraft lignin carboxymethyl ether
Dioxane lignin
Chloromethylstyrene/;-divinylbenzene-styrene
copolymer; A221481;
chloromethylstyrene-styrene divinylbenzene copolymer
Methyl 2-hydroxyethyl cellulose Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose
Methyl cellulose
8001-31-8
9004-57-3
51311-17-2
68130-15-4
9041-56-9
(2-hydroxyethyl cellulose)
Methyl ether cellulose
Molecular
formula
R
R
R
Cellulose, microcrystalline,
colloidal
Coconut oil
Ethyl cellulose
Search
method
Cellulose, nitrate
Cellulose, propanoate
Cellulose, hydrogen sulfate,
sodium salt
Cellulose, triacetate
39320-16-6
CA name
9050-31-1
8068-05-1
88402-77-1
102962-28-7
8072-93-3
8068-03-9
90881-34-8
8061-51-6
8001-26-1
9050-36-6
55844-94-5
9032-42-2
9004-67-5
Cellulose, 2-hydroxyethyl methyl

ether
Cellulose, methyl ether
Common name
Synonyms
CAS Registry No.
Net-Poly (acrylic acid)-internet-poly(siloxane)
143106-82-5
CA name
Search
method
2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-.

3-(dimethoxymethylsilyl)propyl
ester, polymer with butyl
2-propenoate, decamethylcy-
clopentasiloxane, etc.
Nylon 6
Nylon 9
Nylon Il
Nylon 12
Nylon 46
Polyamide 6
Polynonanamide; poly(imino1 -oxononamethylene)
Poly(imino-l-oxoundecamethylene)
Polydodecanamide; poly(iminocarbonylundecamethylene);
poly(imino-1 -oxododecamethylene)
Adipic acid-l,4-butanediamine
copolymer, SRU; poly(tetramethylene adipamide)
Nylon 46, monomer-based

Nylon 6, 6
Nylon 6, 9
Nylon 6/66
Nylon 610
Adipic acid-1, 6-hexanediamine

copolymer; adipoyl dichloridehexamethylenediamine polymer,
SRU; polyamides, nylon 66;
poly(hexamethylene adipamide);
poly(iminoadipoyl
iminohexamethylene)
Azelaic acid-1,6-hexanediamine
salt polymer, SRU
Adipic acid--caprolactam1,6-hexanediamine copolymer;
nylon 6-nylon 66 copolyamide;
nylon 6-nylon 66 copolymer;
poly(hexamethyleneadipamide)
Poly(iminohexamethylene
iminosebacoyl); poly(hexamethylenesebacamide)
Nylon 612
25038-54-4
25748-72-5
25035-04-5
24937-16-4
(C 1n H 30 O 3 SiS
Ci0H2OO4Si
CsHi 4 O 4 Si 4
C 7 Hi 2 O 2
C7H KIOI
U
R
C 6 H 18 O 3 Si 3
QsH8O2)V
(C6HMNO)1,
(Ct)Hi 7 NO),
(C M H 2 |NO)
(Ci 2 H 23 NO),,
50327-22-5
Poly(imino-1,4butartediylimino
(1.6-dioxo-1,6-hexanediyi))
(C I0H I 8 N 2 O 2 ),,
50327-77-0
Hexanedioic acid, polymer with

1,4-butanediamine
Poly(imino(l,6-dioxol,6-hexanediyl)imino1,6-hexanediyl)
R
U
(C 6 H I0O4
C4Hi2N2)v
(C I 2 H 22 N 2 O 2 ),,
Poly(imino-l,6-hexanediylimino
(1,9-dioxo-1,9-nonanediyl))
hexahydro-2H-azepin-2-one and
1,6-hexanediamine
(Ci 5 H 2 8 N 2 O 2 ),,
(C 6 Hi 6 N 2
C 6 HnNOC 6 H I 0 O 4 ),
Poly(imino-l,6-hexanediyliminol,10-dioxo-l,10-decanediyl))
(C I 6 H 30 N 2 O 2 ),,
32131-17-2
28757-63-3
24993-04-2
9008-66-6
24936-74-!
(Ci 8 H 3 4 N 2 O 2 ),,
30525-89-4
Poly(imino-l,6-hexanediylimino
R
(1,12-dioxo- 1,12-dodecanediyl))
1,4-Benzenedicarboxylic acid,
R
polymer with 1,6-hexanediamine
Paraffin waxes and hydrocarbon
S*
waxes
Paraformaldehyde
R
9003-35-4
Phenol, polymer with formaldehyde R
(C 6 H 6 OCH 2 O),
(C 3 H 7 NO 2 ),
(C 3 H 7 NO 2 ),
(C 3 H 7 NO 2 ),
(C 4 Hc)NO 2 ),
Nylon 6/T, poly(hexamethylene

terephthalamide)
Paraffin wax, chunks
Hexamethylenediamine-terephthalic
acid polymer
24938-03-2
Paraformaldehyde
Paraform
Phenol-formaldehyde resin
Formaldehyde-phenol polymer
Poly(D-alanine)
Poly(L-alanine)
Poly(D,L-alanine)
Poly(Y-aminobutyric acid)
Poly-D-alanine
Polyalanine
26701-36-0
25191-17-7
25281-63-4
53504-43-1
Poly(L-aspartic acid), sodium

salt
Poly(aerylamide)
Poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid)
Poly(aspartic acid) sodium salt
34345-47-6
8002-74-2
Oligoacenaphthylene
Acrylamide polymer
Acrylamide-acrylate polymer;
acrylamide-acrylic acid polymer;
poly(acrylic acid-acrylamide)
Poly(acrylamide-cc-diallyl
Acrylamide-diallyldimethyldimethyl ammonium chloride)
ammonium chloride polymer
Poly(imino(l-oxo-l,6-hexanediyl))
Nonanoic acid, 9-amino-,
homopolymer
Poly(imino(l-oxo1,11-undecanediyl))
Poly(imino(l-oxo1,12-dodecanediyl.))
Molecular
formula
25036-01-5
9003-05-8
9003-06-9
26590-05-6
D-Alanine, homopolymer
L-Alanine, homopolymer
DL-Alanine, homopolymer
Butanoic acid, 4-amino-,
homopolymer
L-Aspartic acid, homopolymer,
sodium salt
Acenaphthylene, homopolymer
2-Propenamide, homopolymer
2-Propenoic acid, polymer with
2-propenamide
R
R
R
R
2-Propen-l-aminium, N,Ndimethyl-./V-2-propenyl-,
chloride, polymer with
2-propenamide
R
R
R
R
(C 8 H 6 O 4 C 6 H 1 6 N 2 ),
link
(CH 2 O),
(C 4 H 7 NO 4 ),
vNa
(Ci 2 H 8 ),
(C3H5NOXv
(C 3 H 5 NOC3H4O2),
(C 8 Hi 6 N
C 3 H 5 NO-Cl) v
Common name
Synonyms
CAS Registry No.
Poly(2-acrylamido. 2-methyl,
1-propane suJfonic acidco-acrylonitrile)
Poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl1-propane sulfonic acid)
Poly(2-acryiamido-2-methyl1-propane sulfone acid-costyrene)
Poly(acrylic acid)
Poly(acrylic acid), ammonium
salt
Poly(acrylic acid), potassium
salt, crosslinked
Poly(acrylic acid), sodium salt
Poly(acrylic acid-co
trimethylolpropane),
sodium salt
54640-82-3
27119-07-9
51121-85-8
Acrylic acid polymer

Ammonium polyacrylate;
ammonium polyacrylic acid
Potassium polyacrylate
Acrylic acid polymer, sodium salt
Acrylic acid-sodium aery latetrimethylolpropane triacrylate
copolymer
9003-01-4
9003-03-6
25608-12-2
9003-04-7
76774-25-9
Poly(acrylic acid, sodium

Acrylic acid-vinyl alcohol polymer, 27599-56-0
salt-gra//-poly(ethyiene oxide)), sodium salt
crosslinked
Poly(acrylic acid-cr;-acrylamide), Acrylamide-potassium acrylate
31212-13-2
potassium salt, crosslinked
copolymer
Poly(acrylic acid-cu-maleic acid)
29132-58-9
Poly(acrylic acid-comaleic
acid), sodium salt
Poly(acrylonitnle)
Poly(acrylonitrile-cY;-butadiene)
Acrylic acid-maleic anhydride

copolymer, sodium salt
52255-49-9
Acrylonitrile polymer;
poly( 1 -cyanoethylene)
Acrylonitrile-butadiene polymer
25014-41-9
9003-18-3
Poly(acrylonitrile-cY;-butadiene),
amine terminated
68683-29-4
Poly(acrylonitrile-a;-butadiene),
hydrogenated
Poly(acrylonitrile-Y>butadieneco-acrylic acid), dicarboxy
terminated
88254-10-8
Poly(acrylonitrile-c<7butadiene-cc?-styrene)
Poly(acrylonitrile-(Y;-vinylidene
chloride-tw-methyl
methacrylate)
68891-50-9
Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
polymer; cycolac; styreneacrylonitrile-butadiene polymer
Acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylatevinylidene chloride polymer
9003-56-9
25214-39-5
Poly(allyl amine hydrochloride)
Allylamine hydrochloride
71550-12-4
Poly(p-aminobenzaldehyde)
Poly(4-aminobenzaldehyde)
28107-09-7
Poly(anethole sulfonic acid).

sodium salt
Polyanethole sulfonate; sodium

polyanetholesulfonate
52993-95-0
Poly((oc,(3)-D,L-aspartic
acid), sodium salt
Poly(azelaic anhydride)
PoIy(1,4-benzene dicarboxyfl/f-bis(4-phenoxyphenyl)
methanone)
94525-01-6
Azelaic acid polymer
26776-28-3
55088-54-5
CA name
Search
method
1 -Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl2-((l-oxo-2-propenyl)amino)-,

polymer with 2-propenenitrile
1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl2-((l-oxo-2-propenyl)amino)-,
homopolymer
1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl2-((l-oxo-2-propenyl)amino)-,
polymer with ethenylbenzene
2-Propenoic acid, homopolymer
2-Propenoic acid, homopolymer,
ammonium salt
2-Propenoic acid, homopolymer.
potassium salt
2-Propenoic acid, homopolymer,
sodium salt
2-ethyl-2-(((l-oxo-2-propenyl)oxy)methyl)-l,3-propanediyl
di-2-propenoate and sodium
2-propenoate
ethenol, sodium salt
2-Propenoic acid, potassium salt,
polymer with 2-propenamide
2-Butenedioic acid (Z)-, polymer
with 2-propenoic acid
2,5-furandione, sodium salt
2-Propenenitrile, homopolymer
(C 7 HI 3 NO 4 SC3H3N)X
(C 7 Hi 3 NO 4 S)V
(C 8 H 8 C 7 Hi 3 NO 4 S) x
R
R
R
(C 3 H 4 O 2 ) x
(C 3 H 4 O 2 ),
A-H3N
(C 3 H 4 O 2 J x A-K
(C 3 H 4 O 2 ) x A-Na
(Ci 5 H 2 OO 6 C3H4O2
C 3 H 4 O 2 Na)x
(C3H4O2
C 2 H 4 O) vA"Na
(C 3 H 5 NO
C 3 H 4 O? K)v
(C 4 H 4 O 4
C3H4O2Xx
(C 4 H 2 O 3
C^HtOi)x
A-Na
(C 3 H 3 N).,
R
R
2-Propenenitrile, polymer with

R
1,3-butadiene
R
1,3-butadiene, 1-cyano-l-methyl4-oxo-4-((2-(l-piperazinyl)ethyl)amino)butyl-terminated
*
1,3-butadiene, hydrogenated
*
1,3-butadiene and 2-propenenitrile,
3-carboxy-l-cyano-l-methylpropylterminated
R
L3-butadiene and ethenylbenzene
2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-,
methyl ester, polymer with
l.l-dichloroethene and
2-propenenitrile
2-Propen-1 -amine, hydrochloride,
homopolymer
Benzaldehyde, 4-amino-,
homopolymer
Benzene, l-methoxy-4(1-propenyl)-, (E)-, homopolymer, sulfonated, sodium salt
DL-Aspartic acid, homopolymer,
sodium salt
Nonanedioic acid, homopolymer
1,4-Benzenedicarbonyl dichloride,
polymer with bis(4-phenoxyphenyDmethanone
Molecular
formula
(C 4 H 6 C 3 H 3 N) x
(C 4 H 6 C 3 H 3 N) x
(C 4 H 6 C 3 H 3 N) x
(C 4 H 6
C3H4O2
C 3 H 3 N).,
(C 8 H 8 C 4 H 6 C 3 H 3 N) x
(CsH 8 O 2 C 3 H 3 NC 2 H 2 C 2 )V
(C 3 H 7 N ClH)x
(C 7 H 7 NO),
Unk
(C 4 H 7 NO 4 ). X A-Na
(C9H J6O4)x
(C 2 5 Hi 8 O 3 C 8 H 4 C1 2 O 2 ) V
R
R
Common name
Poly(benzimidazole)
Synonyms
CAS Registry No.
Diphenyl isophthalate3,3',4,4/-tetraaminodiphenyl
polymer
25928-81-8
Poly(benzoguanamine-coformaldehyde), methylated/
ethylated
68037-08-1
PolyCbenzophenone tetraBenzophenonetetracarboxylic
carboxylic dianhydride-codianhydride-4,4'-oxydianilinephenylene diamine)
ra-phenylenediamine
copolymer
31942-21-9
Poly(2-(4-benzoyl-3-hydroxyphenoxy) ethyl acrylate)
2-Hydroxy-4-acryloxyethoxybenzophenone polymer
29963-76-6
Benzyl methacrylate polymer
25085-83-0
Poly((3-cydodextrin-c<?epichlorohydrin)
Poly(bis(2-chloroethyl)etherc0-l,3-bis(3-(dimethylamino)~
propyl)urea), quaternary salt
Poly(bis(benzyl thio)acetylene)
25655-42-9
68555-36-2
93975-09-8
Poly(bis(ethyl thio)acetylene)
93975-08-7
Poly(bis(methyl thio)acetylene)
93975-07-6
Poly(bisphenol A-co-4-nitrophthalic anhydrideC0-l,3-phenylene diamine)
2,2-Bis(4-(3,4-dicarboxyphenoxy)phenyl)propane dianhydridem-phenylenediamine copolymer
Poly(bisphenol A-coepichlorohydrin)
61128-46-9
25036-25-3
Poly(bisphenol A-coepichlorohydrin)
Bisphenol A epoxy resin; phenoxy

resin
25068-38-6
Poly(bisphenyl tetracarboxylic
dianhydride-co-phenylene
diamine)
Poly(4-bromostyrene)
Biphenyl dianhydride-p-phenylenediamine copolymer
29319-22-0
/?-Bromostyrene polymer
24936-50-3
Poly(butadiene)
Poly(butadiene); cis and trans
Poly(butadiene), cis
Poly(butadiene), dicarboxy
terminated
PoIy(I-butenylene); butadiene
homopolymer
PoIy(I-butenylene)
9003-17-2
25038-44-2
40022-03-5
68891-79-2
Poly(butadiene), hydroxyl
functionalized
Poly( 1,4-butanediol
bis(4-aminobenzoate))
69102-90-5
PoIy(1,4-butanediol/neopentyl
glycol-a/f-adipic acid)
36609-31-1
Poly(butene)
PoIy(I-butene)
54667-43-5
Polybutene; polybutylene
Polybutene
9003-29-6
9003-28-5
CA name
Search
method
R
diphenyl ester, polymer with
(1,1 '-biphenyl)3,3',4,4/-tetramine
Formaldehyde, polymer with
*
6-phenyl-l,3,5-triazine2,4-diamine, ethylated/
methylated
1,3-Isobenzofurandione,
R
5,5'-carbonylbis-, polymer
with 1,3-benzenediamine and
4,4' -oxybis(benzenamine)
2-Propenoic acid, 2-(4-benzoylR
3-hydroxyphenoxy)ethyl ester,
homopolymer
R
phenylmethyl ester,
homopolymer
(3-Cyclodextrin, polymer with
R
(chloromethyl)oxirane
Urea, ^N'-bis(3~(dimethylammo)- R
propyl)-, polymer with
l,l'-oxybis(2-chloroethane)
Benzene, l,r-(l,2-ethynediylbisR
(thiomethylene) )bis-,
homopolymer
Ethyne, bis(ethylthio)-,
R
homopolymer
Ethyne, bis(methylthio)-,
R
homopolymer
1,3-Isobenzofurandione,
R
5,5/-((l-methylethylidene)
bis(4,l-phenyleneoxy))
bis- polymer with
1,3-benzenediamine
Phenol, 4,4/-(l-methylethylidene)- R
bis-, polymer with
2,2/-((l-ethylethylidene)
bis(4,1 -phenyleneoxymethylene))bis(oxirane)
Phenol, 4,4/~(l-methylethylidene)- R
bis-, polymer with (chloromethyl)oxirane
(5,5'Biisobenzofuran)R
l,l',3,3'-tetrone, polymer
with 1,4-benzenediamine
Benzene, l-bromo-4-ethenyl-,
R
homopolymer
1,3-Butadiene, homopolymer
R
PoIy(I-butene-l,4-diyl)
Poly(l-butene-l,4-diyl),
1,3-Butadiene, homopolymer,
3-carboxy-1 -cyano-1 -methy lpropyl-terminated
hydroxy-terminated
Poly(oxy-1,4-butanediyl),
oc-(4-aminobenzoyl)co-((4-aminobenzoyl)oxy)Hexanedioic acid, polymer with
1,4-butanediol and
2,2-dimethyl-l,3-propanediol
Butene, homopolymer
1-Butene, homopolymer
Molecular
formula
(C 20 H 14 O 4 CI2HHN4)V
Unk
(Ci 7 H 6 O 7
CJ2HJ2N2O
C 6 H 8 N 2 ),
(Ci8H I6O5)A
(CnHi 2 O 2 ) v
(C 42 H 70 O 35
C3H5ClO)V
(C J1H26N4OC 4 H 8 Cl 2 O),
(Ci 6 H u S 2 ) v
(C 6 HI 0 S 2 XV
(C4H6S2).,
(C3JH20Og
C 6 HgN 2 ),
(C 2 iH 24 O 4 Ci 5 Hi 6 O 2 ),
(C I 6 H 6 O 6 C 6 HgN 2 ),
(CgH7Br),
(C 4 H 6 ),
R
R
*
(C4H6),,
(C4H6),,
Unk
Unk
(C4H 8O)
Ci 4 Hi 2 N 2 O 3
(C 6 H 10 O 4
C 5 Hj 2 O 2 C 4 Hi 0 O 2 ).,
(C 4 H 8 ),
(C4H8).,
R
R
Common name
Synonyms
CAS Registry No.
Po)y(butenes), hydrogenated
68937-10-0
Poly(butenes), monoepoxide
119275-53-5
Butyl acrylate polymer
Poly(4-ter/-butylcyclohexyi
methacrylate)
9003-49-0
34903-89-4
Butyl methacrylate polymer
9003-63-8
Poly(butyl methacrylate-rtfisobutyl methacrylate)
Butyl methacrylate - isobutyl

methacrylate polymer
9011-53-4
Po!y(butyl methacrylate-cr;methyl methacrylate)
Methyl methacrylate - butyl

methacrylate polymer
25608-33-7
Poly(4-terf-butylphenyl
methacrylate)
p-tert-Butylphenyl methacrylate
polymer
29696-27-3
Poly(4-terf-butylstyrene)
p-terf-Butylstyrene polymer
26009-55-2
Poly(l,4-butylene adipate)
Adipic acid-butylene glycol

25103-87-1
copolymer; adipic acidbutylene glycol polymer; PBAG;
poly(butylene adipate); poly(tetramethylene adipate)
Adipic acid-l,4-butanediol-HMDI- 119553-67-2
succinic acid copolymer
Poiy(l,4-butylene adipateco-i,4-butylene succinate)

PoIy(1,2-butylene glycol)
1,2-Epoxybutane-propylene
glycol polymer
PoIy(1,2-butylene glycol),
monobutyl ether
PoIy(1,4-butylene glutarate),
hydroxy terminated
PoIy(1,4-butylene succinate)
Poly(1,4-butylene succinate-ct?
HMDI)
Poly( 1,4-butylene terephthalate)
Poly(caprolactone diol)
Poly(caprolactone triol)
144437-84-3
1,4-Butanediol-glutaric acid
copolymer
Butylene glycol-succinic acid
copolymer; poly(tetramethylene
succinate)
1,4-Butanediol-HMDI-succinic
acid copolymer
52256-54-9
25777-14-4
143606-53-5
Butanediol-terephthalic acid
24968-12-5
copolymer; poly(oxytetramethyleneoxyterephthalic acid-terephthaloyl);
tetramethylene glycol polymer,
SRU
Caprolactone - diethylene glycol
36890-68-3
polymer
e-Caprolactone - trimethylolpropane 37625-56-2
polymer
Poly(caprolactone triol)
Poly(caprolactone)
Poly(chloroprene)
31923-86-1
54735-63-6
Chlorobutadiene polymer
24980-41-4
9010-98-4
CA name
Search
method
Butene, homopolymer,
hydrogenated
1-Butene, polymer with
2-butene and 2-methyl1-propene, epoxidized
2-Propenoic acid, butyl ester,
homopolymer
4-( 1,1 -dimethylethyl)cyclohexyl
ester, homopolymer
2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl,
butyl ester, homopolymer
butyl ester, polymer with
2-methylpropyl 2-methyl2-propenoate
methyl 2-methyl-2-propenoate
4-(l,l-dimethylethyl)phenyl
ester, homopolymer
Benzene, l-(l,l-dimethylethyi)4-ethenyl-, homopolymer
1,4-butanediol
Molecular
formula
Unk
(C 4 H 8 C 4 H 8
C4H8)*
(C7Hi2O2Xv
(Ci4H24O2Xv
(C8Hi4O2Xv
(C 8 HI 4 O 2
C8H]4O2Xv
(C 8 Hi 4 O 2
C5H8O2)x
(Ci 4 Hi 8 O 2 )*
(C I2Hi6)A-
(C 6 Hi 0 O 4 C4Hi0O2Xy

butanedioic acid, 1,4-butanediol
and 1,6-diisocyanatohexane
1,2-Propanediol, polymer with

ethyloxirane
Oxirane, ethyl-, homopolymer,
mono(2-butoxy-l-methylethyl)
ether
Pentanedioic acid, polymer
with 1,4-butanediol
Butanedioic acid, polymer with
1,4-butanediol
(C 8 Hi 2 N 2 O 2
C 6 H 10 O 4
C 4 Hi 0 O 2 C4H6O4)
(C 4 H 8 O
CiH8O2).*(C 7 Hi 6 O 2
C 4 H 8 O) x

1,4-butanediol and
1,6-diisocyanatohexane
Poly(oxy-l,4-butanediyloxycarbonyl-l,4-phenylenecarbonyl)
2-Oxepanone, polymer with

2,2'-oxybis(ethanol)
2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)1,3-propanediol
Poly(oxy(l-oxo-l,6-hexanediyl)),
a-hydro-co-hydroxy-, ester with
2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)1,3-propanediol (3:1)
2-Oxepanone, homopolymer
1,3-Butadiene, 2-chloro-,
homopolymer
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
(C 5 H 8 O 4
C 4 Hi 0 O 2 ) A
(C 4 Hi 0 O 2
C4H6O4Xx
(C 8 Hi 2 N 2 O 2 C 4 Hi 0 O 2
C 4 H 6 O 4 )*
(Ci 2 Hi 2 O 4 ),,
(C 6 Hi 0 O 2
C4Hi0O3)A
(C 6 Hj 4 03C 6 Hi 0 O 2 ) A
(C 6 Hi 0 O 2 ),,
(C 6 Hi 0 O 2 ),,
(C6H I0O2),,
C 6 Hi 4 O3
(C6H I0O2) A
(C4H5Cl).,-
Common name
Synonyms
Poly(chlorostyrene)
Chlorostyrene polymer
/;-Chlorostyrene polymer
4-Chlorostyrene polymer
Halocarbon oil
Poly(chlorotrifluoioethyleneco-vinylidene
fluoride)
CAS Registry No.
CA name
9022-52-0
Benzene, chloroethenyl-,
homopolymer
Benzene, l-chloro~4-ethenyl-,
homopolymer
Chlorotrifiuoroethylene-vinylidene
fluoride
polymer; trifluorochloroethylene-vinylidene fluoride
polymer
24991-47-7
9002-83-9
9010-75-7
Poly(coumarone-cr;-indene)
35343-70-5
Poly(o-cresol glycidyl ether-coformaldehyde)
29690-82-2
Poly(<?-cresyl glycidyl etherco-formaldehyde)
Cresol-epichlorohydrinformaldehyde polymer
37382-79-9
Poly(2-cyanobutyl acrylate)
Butyl 2-cyanoacrylate polymer;

poly (butyl cyanoacrylate)
Poly(ethyl cyanoacrylate);
25154-80-7
Poly(2-cyanoethyl acrylate)
Poly(2-cyanoheptyl acrylate)
25067-30-5
26936-29-8
Poly(2~cyanohexyl acrylate)
Poly(hexyl cyanoacrylate)
26877-39-4
Poly(2-cyanoisobutyl acrylate)
Poly(2-cyanoisopropyl acrylate)
Isobutyl 2-cyanoacrylate polymer

Poly(isopropyl cyanoacrylate)
26809-38-1
25931-02-6
Poly(cyclododecyl acrylate)
PoIy(1,4-cyclohexane
dimethylene terephthalateco-ethylene terephthalate)
56710-66-8
Dimethyl terephthalate-ethylene
glycol-l,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexane copolymer
25640-14-6
25768-50-7
Poly(di(ethylene glycol)
glycerol-a/r-adipic acid)
Diethylene glycol-glycerol-adipic
acid copolymer
26760-54-3
Poly(diallyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride)
polymer
26062-79-3
Poly(diallyl isophthalate)
Diallyl isophthalate polymer
25035-78-3
Poly(diallyl phthalate)
Diallyl phthalate polymer
25053-15-0
Poly(diaminobenzophenoneco-benzophenone
tetracarboxylic dianhydride)
Benzophenone tetracarboxylic
acid dianhydridem,m'*diaminobenzophenone
polymer, SRU
51518-44-6
Poly((dibenzo-18-crown-6)co-formaldehyde)
53660-42-7
Poly(dibromostyrene)
62354-98-7
Poly(dichlorophosphazene)
Dichlorophosphazine polymer;
Poly(nitrile(dichlorophosphoranylidyne))
26085-02-9
Search
method
Molecular
formula
(CsH7CDv
(C 8 H 7 Cl) 1
Ethene, chlorotrifluoro-,
homopolymer
Ethene, chlorotrifluoro-, polymer
with 1,1 -difluoroethene
(C2ClF3)V
(C 2 H 2 F 2 C2ClF-Ov
Benzofuran, polymer with

1 H-indene
(chloromethyi)oxirane and
2-methylphenol
(chloromethyl)oxirane and
methylphenol
2-Propenoic acid, 2-cyano-, butyl
ester, homopolymer
2-Propenoic acid, 2-cyano-, ethyl
ester, homopolymer
2-Propenoic acid, 2-cyano-, heptyl
ester, homopolymer
2-Propenoic acid, 2-cyano-, hexyl
ester, homopolymer
2-Propenoic acid, 2-cyano2-Propenoic acid, 2-cyano-,
1 -methylethyl ester,
homopolymer
2-Propenoic acid, cyclododecyl
ester, homopolymer
dimethyl ester, polymer with
1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol
and 2-ethanediol
cyclohexyl ester, homopolymer
2,2/-oxybis(ethanol) and
1,2,3-propanetriol
2-Propen-l-aminium, N,Ndimethyl-N-2-propenyl-,
chloride, homopolymer
di-2-propenyl ester,
homopolymer
di-2-propenyl ester,
homopolymer
Poly((l,3-dihydro-l,3-dioxo2H-isoindole-2,5-diyl)carbonyl(l,3-dihydro-l,3-dioxo-2Hisoindole-5,2-diyl)-l,3-phenylenecarbonyl-1,3-phenylene)
6,7,9,10,17,18,20,21 -octahydrodibenzo(b,k)( 1,4,7,10,13,16)
hexaoxacyclooctadecin
Benzene, dibromoethenyl-,
homopolymer
Poly(nitrilo(dichlorophosphoranylidyne))
(CgH8 C 8 H 6 O) 1
(C 7 H 8 O
C3H5CIO
CH 2O) v
(C 7 H 8 O
C 3 HsClO
CH 2 O) 1
( C 8 H N NO 2 ) v
(C 6 H 7 NO 1 J) 1
(CNHI7NO2)v
(C K)Hi5NO2) v
R
R
( C 8 H N NO 2 ).v
(C 7 HyNO?) v
(Ci 3 H 26 O 2 ).,
(C K)HK)O 4
C 8 Hi 6 O 2
C2H6O2)
(CK)HI6O2)V
(C6Hi0O4'
C 4 Hi 0 O 3
C3H8O3)
(C 8 H) 6 N Cl) 1
(C i4H I 4 O 4 ).,
(C I 4 H| 4 O 4 ) V
(C 3 OHi 4 N 2 O 6 ),,
(C 2 0 H 2 4 O 6
CH 2O) v
(C8H6Br2)A
(Cl2NP),,
Common name
Synonyms
Poly(diethylene glycol adipate)
Poly(diethylene glycol/trimethylol propanetf/f-adipic acid), polyol
2698-06-6
Adipic acid-diethylene glycol
polymer
Adipic acid-diethylene glycoltrimethylolpropane polymer
PoIy(1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethyl
quinoline)
Polyfdimer acid-<Y>-ethylene
glycol), hydrogenated
Antioxidant HS; trimethyldihydroquinoline polymer
Poly(AW-dimethylacrylamide)
/V./V-Dimethylacrylamide polymer
Poly(dimethyl siloxane),
distearate terminated
Poly(dimethyl siloxaneo?-( 3-hydroxypropyl )-methyl

siloxane). ethoxylated/
propoxylated
Poly(dimethyl siloxane-romethyl(3-OH-propyl)
siloxane)-y-PEG 3-aminopropyl ether)
hydroxy terminated
Poly(dimethylamine-Y;epichlorohydrin)
Poly(dimethylamine-tY;epichlorohydriiwflethylene diamine)
Poly(dimethylsiloxane)
Poly(dimethylstloxane),
vinyl terminated
Poly(dimethylsiloxane-C0methylphenyl siloxane)
Poly(dipropylene glycol).
phenyl phosphite
9010-89-3
28183-09-7
26780-96-1
68855-78-7
PoIy(Kl-dimethyl
3,5-dimethylene piperidinium
chloride)
Poly(2,6-dimethyl-l,
Poly(2,6-xylenol)
4-phenylene oxide)
Poly(2,2-dimethyl-l,3-propylene) Polyneopentyl glycol succinate
hydride terminated
methoxy terminated
vinyl terminated
CAS Registry No.
26793-34-0
32168-43-7
25134-01-4
28776-65-0
130169-63-0
Hydrogen-terminated di-Me
silicones
70900-21-9
68951-97-3
68951-99-5
68937-55-3
133779-15-4
Silanol-terminated di-Me siloxanes
70131-67-8
Epichlorohydrin-dimethylamine
copolymer
25988-97-0
42751-79-1
Dimethyl silicone; dimethylsilanediol polymer

Dimethylsiloxanes,
dimethylvinylsilyl-terminated
Methylphenylsiloxane polymer
9016-00-6
68083-19-2
9005-12-3
116265-68-0
Poly(3-dodecyl thiophene),
regioregular
3-Dodecylthiophene homopolymer
104934-53-4
Poly(chloromethyl)ethylene oxide
24969-06-0
Polylethyl acrylate)
Ethyl acrylate polymer
9003-32-1
Ethyl methacrylate polymer
9003-42-3
CA name
Search
method
2-Butenedioic acid (E)-, diethyl

ester, homopolymer
Hexanedioic acid, polymer
with 2,2'-oxybis(ethanol)
2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)1,3-propanediol and
2,2'-oxybis(ethanol)
Quinoline, l,2-dihydro-2,2,4trimethyl-, homopolymer
Fatty acids, C18-unsatd., dimers,
hydrogenated, polymers with
ethylene glycol
2-Propenamide,/V,N-dimethyl-,
homopolymer
PoIy(0,1-dimethylpiperidinium3,5-diyl)methylene chloride)
Molecular
formula
(C 8 Hi 2 O 4 )V
R
R
(Cr 1 Hi 0 O 4 C 4 Hi 0 O 3 )V
(C6Hj 4 O 3
CGHI0O4
C4Hi0O3),
(C 1 2 Hi 5 N),
Unk
(C5H9NO)V
(C 8 Hi 6 N),, -Cl
Phenol, 2,6-dimethyk
homopolymer
Poly(oxy(2,2-dimethyl1,3-propanediyl)oxy( 1,4-dioxo1,4-butanediyl))
Siloxanes and silicones, di-Me,
((l-oxooctadecyl)oxy)terminated
hydrogen-terminated
methoxy-terminated
Me vinyl, mono(vinyl group)terminated
3-hydroxypropyl Me,
ethoxylated propoxylated
(C 8 H] 0 O),.
(C 9 Hj 4 O 4 ),,
Unk
Unk
Unk
Unk
Unk

3-hydroxypropyl Me, ethers
with polyethylene glycol
mono(3-aminopropyl) ether
hydroxy-terminated
Methanamine, ./V-methyl-, polymer
with (chloromethyl)oxirane
1,2-Ethanediamine, polymer with
(chloromethyl)oxirane and
A^-methylmethanamine
Poly(oxy(dimethylsilylene))
Unk
Unk
(C 3 H 5 ClO
C 2 HyN) 1
(C 3 H 5 ClO
C 2 HgN 2 C 2 HyN) x
(C2HeOSi),,
Unk
(C7HgOSi),,
C IgHj 5 O 3 P
CgHi 4 O 3
(Ci6H2gS)v
(C3H5C1O)V
(C 5 H 8 O 2 ),
(C6HI0O2),
Siloxanes and Silicones, di-Me,

vinyl group-terminated
Poly(oxy(methylphenylsilylene))
Phosphorous acid, triphenyl
ester, reaction products with
dipropylene glycol
Thiophene, 3-dodecyl-.
homopolymer
Oxirane, (chloromethyl)-,
homopolymer
2-Propenoic acid, ethyl ester,
homopolymer
ethyl ester, homopolymer
Common name
Poly(ethyl methacrylate-comethyl acrylate)
Poly(ethylene adipate)
Polyethylene adipate), tolylene

2,4-diisocyanate terminated
Poly(ethylene azelate)
Poly(ethylene glycol methyl
ether methacrylate)
Poly(ethylene glycol)
Synonyms
CAS Registry No.
Molecular
formula
(C6H I0O2
C 4 H 6 O 2 )*
(C6H ((,O4
C2H6O2Jv
26572-20-3
2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-
24938-37-2

1,2-ethanediol
Carbowax; oxirane polymer;

PEG, poly(ethylene oxide),
poly(oxyethylene);
poly(vinyl oxide)
25322-68-3

1,3-diisocyanatomethyibenzene
and 1,2-ethanediol
Nonanedioic acid, polymer with
1,2-ethanediol
HP = Poly(oxy-l,2-ethanediyl)t
a-(2-methyl-l-oxo-2-propenyl)co-methoxyPoly(oxy-l,2-ethanediyl), a-hydroco-hydroxy-
(C2H4O),,H2O
Poly(oxy-l,2-ethanediyl), a-methyl(jo-(2~propenyloxy)Poly(oxy-l,2-ethanediyl), oc-(2ethyl-l-oxohexyi)-co-((2-ethyll-oxohexyl)oxy)Poly(oxy-l,2-ethanediyl), a-butylco-hydroxyPoly(oxy-l,2-ethanediyl),

a-O-oxo-2-propenyl)-(( 1 -oxo-2-propenyl)oxy )Poly(oxy-l,2-ethanediyl),
a-benzoyl-co-(benzoyloxy)Poly(oxy-l,2-ethanediyl),
a-(2-methyl- l-oxo-2-propenyl)o-((2-methyl- 1-oxo2-propenyl)oxy)Poly(oxy-l,2-ethanediyl),
a-methyi-co-methoxyPoly(oxy-l,2-ethanediyl),
a-( 1 -oxooctadecyl)co-((l-oxooctadecyl)oxy)Poly(oxy-l,2-ethanediyl),
ot-methyl-oo-hydroxy-
(C2H4O),,
C 4 HsO
(C2H4O),,
C I6HwO3
9019-92-5
26760-99-6
26915-72-0
27252-80-8
9004-93-7
Poly(ethylene glycol), butyl

Polyoxyethylene butyl alcohol ether 9004-77-7
ether
Poly(ethylene glycol), diacrylate
26570-48-9
Polyoxyethylene dibenzoate
9004-86-8
Polyethylene glycol methacrylate
25852-47-5
Poly(ethylene glycol),
dimethyl ether
distearate
Polyoxyethylene dimethyl ether
24991-55-7
Polyethylene oxide distearate
9005-08-7
Polyethylene glycol),
methyl ether
9004-74-4
Polyethylene glycol), methyl

ether acrylate
Carbowax; methoxypoly(ethylene
glycol); methyl polyglycol;
monomethoxy poly(ethylene
oxide)
Acrylic acid-methoxy(polyethylene
glycol) ester
4-nonylphenyl ether acrylate
Tetraethylene glycol nonyiphenyl

ether acrylate
87079-63-8
Polyethylene glycol), bis

carboxymethyl ether
Carboxymethylpolyethylene glycol
39927-08-7
32171-39-4
bis(3-aminopropyl)
terminated
divinyl ether
Polyethylene glycol), ethyl
ether methacrylate
34901-14-9
methyl glutarate
79934-70-6
Poly(ethylene glycol), phenyl

ether acrylate
Search
method
Acrylic acid methyl ester, polymer

with ethyl methacrylate
Adipic acid-ethylene glycol
polymer; PEGA; polyethylene
glycol adipate)
Adipic acid-ethylene glycoltoluene diisocyanate
copolymer
Azelaic acid-ethylene glycol
polymer
Methoxypolyethylene gtycol
monomethacrylate
Polyethylene glycol), allyl

methyl ether
bis-2-ethyl-hexanoate
dibenzoate
dimethacrylate
CA name
50856-26-3
35625-93-5
Phenol ethoxylate acrylate,

polyethylene glycol monophenyl
ether acrylate
56641-05-5
Poly(oxy~l,2-ethanediyl),
*-(l-oxo-2-propenyl)co-methoxy2-Propenoic acid, 2-(2-(2-(2(nonylphenoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl ester
Poly(oxy-l,2-ethanediyl),
7.-(carboxymethyl)co-(carboxymethoxy)Poly(oxy-l,2-ethanediyl),
a-(3-aminopropyl)-(3-aminopropoxy)Poly(oxy-l,2-ethanediyl),
a-ethenyl-Q)-(ethenyloxy)Poly(oxy-l,2-ethanediyl),
a-(2-methyl-l-oxo-2-propenyl)co-ethoxyPoly(oxy-l,2-ethanediyl),
a-(4-carboxy-l-oxobutyl)co-methoxyPoly(oxy-l,2-ethanediyl),
oc-(l-oxo-2-propenyl)co-phenoxy-
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
(C 9 H 6 N 2 O 2
C6HK)O4C2H6O2Jv
(C 9 Hi 6 O 4
C2H6O2) v
(C2H4O),,
C5H8O2
(C2H4O),,
C4Hu)O
(C2H4O)/?
C6H6O3
(C2H4O),,
Ci4HiOO3
(C^H4O),,
CH I0O3
(C2H4O),,
C2H6O
(C2H4O),,
C36H 70O ^
(C^H4O),,CH4O
(CiH4O)1,
C4H6O2
C26H4Ô6
(C2H4O),,
C4H6O5
(C2H4O),,
C 6 HI 6 N 2 O
(C2H4O),,
C4H6O
(C2H4O),,
C6H U ) 0 2
R
R
(C2H4O),,
C 6 H 10 O 4
(C2H4O),,
C9H8O2
Common name
Synonyms
CAS Registry No.
Polyethylene glycol), reacted

with bisphenol A diglycidyl
ether
Bisphenol A diglycidyl etherpolyethylene glycol polymer
37225-26-6
tetrahydrofurfuryl ether
Glycofurol; tetrahydrofurfuryl
alcohol polyethylene glycol
31692-85-0
methacrylate
25736-86-1
Poly(ethylene glycol-c<9propylene glycol)
Polyethylene-polypropylene glycol
monobutyl ether
Poly(ethylene imine)
Poly(ethylene imine)
Polyaziridine, polyethenimide
9002-98-6
Ethylenediamine-ethylenimine
25987-06-8
polymer
Aziridine-ethylene oxide copolymer 26658-46-8
Poly(ethylene imine),
ethoxylated
Poly(ethylene monoalcohol)
Poly(ethylene succinate)
Poly(ethylene)
Poly(ethylene), chlorinated
Ethylene glycol-succinic acid

polymer
Dimethyl terephthalate-ethylene
glycol polymer; PET; poly(oxyethylene oxyterephthaloyl)
Poly(methylene)
Poly(ethylene), chlorosulfonated
Polyethylene), oxidized
Poly(ethylene-c//rchlorotrifluoroethylene)
Poly(ethylene-a//-maleic
anhydride)
Poly(ethylene block-po\y
(ethylene glycol))
Poly (ethylene-cY>-1-butene)
Poly(ethylene-a>- 1-butenecr;-l-hexene)
Poly(ethylene-co-l-octene)
Poly(ethylene-cY?-acrylic acid)
Poly(ethylene-cc;-acrylic acid),
sodium salt
Poly(ethylene-c-c;-acrylic acid),
zinc salt
Polyethylene-r^-butyl acrylate)
25038-59-9
9002-88-4
63231-66-3
68441-17-8
Chlorotrifluoroethene-ethene
25101-45-5
copolymer; ethylene-trifluorochloroethylene copolymer
Maleic anhydride-ethyiene polymer 9006-26-2
97953-22-5
Butene-ethylene polymer;
25087-34-7
ethylene-1-butene copolymer;
1-butene-ethene polymer
Butene-ethene~hexene-l copolymer 60785-11-7
Ethylene-1-octene polymer
Acrylic acid-ethylene polymer;
ethylene-acrylic acid polymers;
primacor
Ethylene-acrylic acid polymer,
sodium salt
26221-73-8
9010-77-9
25750-82-7
28208-80-2
Butyl acrylate-ethylene copolymer
25750-84-9
64652-60-4
Carbon monoxide-ethylene
copolymer
Ethyl acrylate-ethylene polymer
Poly(ethylene-cr;-ethyl acrylatectf-maleic anhydride)

Poly(ethylene-a>-glycidyl
methacrylate)
71750-71-5
25569-53-3
68037-39-8
Poly(ethylene--butyl acrylateo?-maleic anhydride)

Poly(ethylene-cY;-Ccirbon
monoxide)
Poly(ethylene-cr;-ethyl acrylate)
9038-95-3
25052-62-4
9010-86-0
41171-14-6
2,3-Epoxypropyl methacrylateethylene copolymer
26061-90-5
CA name
Search
method
Oxirane, 2,2'-((l-methylethylidene) bis(4,l-phenyleneoxymethylene))bis-polymer with

oc-hydro-co-hydroxypoly
(oxy-l,2-ethanediyl)
Poly(oxy-l,2-ethanediyl),
a-((tetrahydro-2-furanyl)methyl)co-hydroxyPoly(oxy-l,2-ethanediyl),
ot-(2-methyl-l-oxo-2-propenyl)co-hydroxyOxirane, methyl-, polymer with
oxirane, monobutyl ether
Aziridine, homopolymer
1,2-Ethanediamine, polymer
with aziridine
Aziridine, polymer with oxirane
(C21H24O4
(C2H4O),,
H 2 O),
(C2H4O),,
C5H10O2
(C2H4O),,
C4H6O2
C4H10O
(C 3 H 6 O
C 2 H 4 O) 1
(C 2 H 5 N) 1
(C 2 H 8 N 2 C 2 H 5 N) x
(C2H5NC 2 H 4 O),
Unk
(C 4 H 6 O 4
C 2 H 6 O 2 ),
(CiOH8O4),,
R
R
R
Alcohols, c> 14
S
R
1,2-ethanediol
Poly(oxy-l,2-ethanediyloxyU
carbonyl-l,4-phenylenecarbonyl)
Ethene, homopolymer
Rubber, synthetic, chlorinated
polyethylene
Ethene, homopolymer,
chlorinated, chlorosulfonated
Ethene, homopolymer, oxidized
Ethene, chlorotrifluoro-, polymer
with ethene
Molecular
formula
R
S
(C2H4),Unk
Unk
*
R
Unk
(C 2 H 4 C 2 ClF 3 ),
2,5-Furandione, polymer with

ethene
Alcohols, C>30, ethoxylated
R
S
(C 4 H 2 O 3 C 2 H 4 ),
Unk
i-Butene, polymer with ethene
(C 4 H 8 C 2 H 4 ) v
1-Hexene, polymer with 1-butene

and ethene
1-Octene, polymer with ethene
2-Propenoic acid, polymer
with ethene
(C 6 Hi 2 C4H8C2H4),
(C 8 H 16 C 2 H 4 ) v
(C 3 H 4 O 2 C 2 H 4 ),

ethene, sodium salt
ethene, zinc salt
polymer with ethene
polymer with ethene and
2,5-furandione
Ethene, polymer with carbon
monoxide
polymer with ethene
polymer with ethene and
2,5-furandione
oxiranylmethyl ester, polymer
with ethene
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
(C 3 H 4 O 2
C 2 H 4 ), -xNa
(C 3 H 4 O 2
C2H4),--.xZn
(C 7 Hi 2 O 2 C 2 H 4 ),
(C 7 Hi 2 O 2
C4H2O3
C 2 H 4 ),
(C 2 H 4 CO),
(C 5 H 8 O 2
C 2 H 4 ),
(C 5 H 8 O 2
C4H2O3
C 2 H 4 ),
(CvHio0 3 C 2 H 4 ),
Common name
Poly(ethylene-cc>-methacrylic
acid)
Poly(ethylene-c<?-methacrylic
acid), sodium salt
Poly(ethylene-co-methacrylic
acid), zinc salt
Poly(ethylene-c<?-methyl
acrylate)
Poly(ethylene-c<2-methyl
acrylate-co-acrylic acid)
Synonyms
Ethylene-methacrylic acid
25053-53-6
copolymers; Poly(ethylenemethacrylic acid)
Ethylene-methacrylic acid polymer. 25608-26-8
sodium salt
28516-43-0
Ethylene-methyl aery late polymer
Poly(ethylene-c<9-propylene-a?5-methylene-2-norbornene)
Poly(ethylene-c<?tetrafluoroethylene)
Poly(ethylene-c<y-vinyl acetate)
Poly(ethylene-c<?~vinyl acetateco-carbon monoxide)
Poiy(ethylene-gra/r-maleic
anhydride)
Poly(ethylene-ra/7-butylene),
mono-ol
51541-08-3
Ethylene-propene copolymer;
9010-79-1
poly(ethylene-propylene); polypro,
polypropylene-polyethylene
copolymer
Ethylene-ethylidenebicycloheptene- 25038-36-2
propene copolymer; ethyleneethylidenenorbornene-propylene
polymer
Ethylene copolymer with
25038-71-5
tetrafluoroethylene
Vinyl acetate-ethylene polymer
24937-78-8
Carbon monoxide-ethylene-vinyl
acetate polymer
Poly(4-ethylstyrenec'o-divinylbenzene)
Poly(furfuryl alcohol)
Poly(D-glutamic acid),
sodium salt
Poly(L~glutamic acid),
sodium salt
Poly(glycine)
Poly(glycolide)
26337-35-9
106343-08-2
68954-09-6
2-Ethylhexyl acrylate polymer
Poly(2~ethylhexyl
methacrylate)
Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)
25103-74-6
41525-41-1
Poly(ethylene-o?-methyl
acrylate-co-glycidyl
methacrylate)
Poly(ethylene-c<?-propylene)
CAS Registry No.
9003-77-4
25719-51-1
2-Ethyl-2-oxazoline polymer;
2-ethyloxazoline homopolymer
Divinylbenzene-ethylstyrene
polymer
25805-17-8
9043-77-0
25212-86-6
30811-79-1
Poly(glutamic acid) sodium salt
26247-79-0
Poly(hexadecyl methacrylate)
Nylon 2, poly(imino(l-oxoethylene)) 25718-94-9

Hydroxyacetic acid polymer;
26124-68-5
poly(glycolic acid)
25986-80-5
Poly(hexafluoroisopropylidene
diphthalic anhydride-cooxydianiline)
Hexafluoroisopropylidenebis032240-73-6
(phthalic anhydride)-oxydianiline
copolymer
PoIy(1,6-hexamethylene adipate) Adipic acid-hexanediol polymer
25212-06-0
Poly(l,6-hexanediol/neopentyl
glycol/di(ethylene glycol)fl/f-adipic acid) diol
68492-71-7
CA name
Search
method
Molecular
formula
2-Propenoic acid, 2-rnethyl-,

polymer with ethene
(C4H6O2
C2H4),

polymer with ethene, sodium
salt
polymer with ethene, zinc salt
2-Propenoic acid, methyl ester,
polymer with ethene
ethene and methyl 2-propenoate
(C4H6O2
C 2 H 4 ) v -.vNa
(C4H6O2
C 2 H 4 ) v vZn
(C4H6O2
C2H4) v
(C4H6O2
C3H4O2
C2H4),
(C7HK)OV
C4H6O2
C 2 H 4 )v

with ethene and methyl
2-propenoate
1-Propene, polymer with ethene
R
R
(C3H6-C2H4) v
Bicyclo(2.2.1)hept-2-ene,
5-ethylidene-, polymer with
ethene and 1-propene
(C 9 Hi 2 - C 3 H 6
C2H4) v
Ethene, tetrafluoro-, polymer

with ethene
Acetic acid ethenyl ester, polymer
with ethene
with carbon monoxide and ethene
ethene, graft
hydrogenated
2-Propenoic acid, 2-ethylhexyl
ester, homopolymer
2-ethylhexyl ester, homopolymer
Oxazole, 2-ethyl-4,5-dihydro-.
homopolymer
Benzene, diethenyl-polymer with
ethenylethylbenzene
2-Furanmethanol, homopolymer
D-Glutamic acid, homopolymer,
sodium salt
L-Glutamic acid, homopolymer.
sodium salt
Glycine, homopolymer
Acetic acid, hydroxy-,
homopolymer
hexadecyl ester, homopolymer
1,3-Isobenzofurandione, 5,5'-(2,2,
2-trifluoro-l-(trirluoromethyl)ethylidene)bis-, polymer with
4,4 '-oxybisCbenzenamine)
1,6-hexanediol
2,2-dimethyl-l,3-propanediol,
2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)1,3-propanediol, 1,6-hexanediol
and 2,2'-OXyMsIeâIiOl)
(C 2 H 4 C 2 F 4 ) v
(C4H6O2
C2H4) v
(C4H6O2
C 2 H 4 C0)A
(C4H2O3
C2H4),
Unk
(C M H 2 0 O 2 ) v
(CI2H22O2),
(C 5 H q NO) v
R
R
(C u,H )2
C|oH| O ) v
(C 5 H 6 O 2 ) V
(C.sH 9 NO 4 ) v
vNa
(C 3 H 9 NO 4 )V
vNa
(C 2 H 5 NO 2 ) V
(C 2 H 4 O V ) V
(C 2 ( ) H 3 8 O 2 ) V
(C I 9 H 6 F 6 O 6
C ) 2 H 1 2 N 2 O) V
(C6Hi4O2 C6
HinO 4 ) v
(C 6 H U O 3
C6HI4O2
C6H | 0 O 4
CsHi2O2
C 4 Hi 0 O 3 )V
R
R
R
R
R
Common name
Synonyms
CAS Registry No.
Poly( 1.6-hexanediol/neopentyl
glycol-*///-adipic acid)
Adipic acid-hexamethylene glycol- 25214-14-6

neopentyl glycol polymer
PoJy(hexamethylene
diisocyanate)
HMDI homopolymer
28182-81-2
Hexyl methacrylate polymer
25087-17-6
PoIy(I-hexene)
Poly(3-hexyl thiophene),
regioregular
Poly(L-histidine)
Poly(L-histidine hydrochloride)
25067-06-5
140934-50-1
Polyhistidine
Polyhirtidine hydrochloride
26062-48-6
61857-39-4
Poly(4-hydroxybenzoate)
Poly(4-hydroxy benzoic
acid-cv>6-hydroxy2-naphthoic acid)
Poly(p-acetoxybenzoic acid)
/?-Acetoxybenzoic acid-6-acetoxy2-naphthoic acid polymer
26099-71-8
70679-92-4
Poly(p-hydroxybutyric acid)
26063-00-3
Poly(3-hydroxybutyric acidcY>-3-hydroxy valeric acid)
Bipol PHBV; 3-hydroxy butanoic

acid-3-hydroxy valeric acid
copolymer
Ethylene glycol monomethacrylate
polymer
80181-31-3
Search
method
Molecular
formula
(C6Hi4O2
C6HK)O4
C 5 Hi 2 O 2 ).,
(C 8 Hi 2 N 2 O 2 )V
(CI0HI8O2).,
R
R
(C 6 H 12 )V
(Ci 0 Hi 6 S) A
R
R
(C6H7N3Ov
(C6HyN3O2),-
R
R
(C 7 H 4 O 2 ),,
(C I 3 Hi 0 O 4
CgH8O4),
(C 4 H 8 O 3 )V
(C5Hi0O3
C 4 H 8 O 3 Jv
(C 6 Hi 0 O 3 )V
(C7Hi2O3),
(C|4H|4
Cl 4 N 2 O 2 ),,
(C| 4 H 2 2 O 2 ) V
(C8H|4O2)V
(C 4 H 8 )*

2-methyl- 1-propene
1,3-Butadiene, 2-methyl, polymer
with 2-methyl-1 -propene
1,3-Butadiene, 2-methyl-, polymer
with 2-methyl-1-propene,
chlorinated
with 2-methyl-1-propene,
brominated
isodecyl ester, homopolymer
Cyclohexane, 5-isocyanato1 -(isocyanatomethyl )1,3,3-trimethyl-, homopolymer
Poly(oxy(methyl-l,2-ethanediyl)).
2-hydro-co-hydroxy-, polymer
with
R
R
(C4H8C4H2O3) v
(C^H8-C4H8) v
(C 5 H 8 C 4 H 8 ) ,
(C 5 H 8 C 4 H 8 ) ,
(C I 4 H 2 6 O 2 ) v
(C !2 H I 8 N 2 O 2 ) v
(Ci2Hi8N2O2
(C 3 H 6 O),,
H 2 O).,
1.3-Butadiene, 2-methyl-.
homopolymer
Poly( 1 -methyl-l-butene-1,4-diyl).
(E)-
(C5H8),
CA name
and 1,6-hexanediol
Hexane, 1,6-diisocyanato-.
homopolymer
hexyl ester, homopolymer
1-Hexene, homopolymer
Thiophene, 3-hexyl-, homopolymer
L-Histidine, homopolymer
L-Histidine, homopolymer.
hydrochloride
Poly(2-hydroxyethyl
methacrylate)
Poly(2-hydroxypropyl
methacrylate)
25249-16-5
25703-79-1
Poly(imino(tetrachloroterephthaloyl)-iminohexamethylene)
Polydsobornyl methacrylate)
Hexamethylenediamine-perchlorolerephthaloyl dichloride
copolymer, SRU
Methacrylic acid, isobornyl ester,
polymers
lsobutyl methacrylate polymer
9011-15-8
Poly(isobutylene)
PoIy(1,1-dimethylethylene);
isobutene polymer; isobutylene
polymer; polyisobutene
9003-27-4
Poly(isobutylene-c///-maleic
anhydride)
Poly(isobutylene-rr;-isoprene)
071164-49-3
64114-51-8
26426-80-2
Isobutylene-isoprene polymer
9010-85-9
Poly(isobutylene-(Y>-isoprene)
68081-82-3
Poly(isobutylene-<7J-isoprene),
brominated
68441-J4-5
Polydsodecyl methacrylate)
27300-12-7
Polydsophorone diisocyanate)
53880-05-0
Poly(isophorone diisocyanaten?-poly(propylene glycol))
lsophorone diisocyanate039323-37-0
polypropylene ether glycol
polymer; polypropylene glycoltsophorone diisocyanate copolymer
PoIy(I-methyl-1-butenylene)
9003-31-0
Poly(isoprene), c/.v
Poly(isoprene), trans
104389-32-4
Poly(oxy-l,4-phenylenecarbonyl)
2-Naphthalenecarboxylic acid,
6-(acetyloxy)-, polymer with
4-(acetyloxy)benzoic acid
Butanoic acid, 3-hydroxy-,
homopolymer
Pentanoic acid. 3-hydroxy-,
polymer with 3-hydroxybutanoic acid
2-hydroxyethyl ester,
homopolymer
2-hydroxypropyl ester,
homopolymer
Poly(iminocarbonyl(2,3,5,6tetrachloro-1.4-phenylene)carbonylimino-1.6-hexanediyl)
2-Propenoic acid. 2-methyl-.
1.7,7-trimethylbicyclo(2.2.1)
hept-2-yl ester, exo-,
homopolymer
2~Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-,
2-methylpropylester,
homopolymer
1-Propene, 2-methyl. homopolymer
YCIH
(C 5 H 8 )//
Common name
Poly(isoprene)-b/oc/cpoly(butadiene)
Synonyms
CAS Registry No.
Butadiene-isoprene polymer;
1,3-Butadiene-isoprene
polymer
25102-52-7
Poly(isoprene-ra/r-maleic acid
monomethyl ester)
128000-08-8
Poly(2>isopropenyl-2-oxazolineco-methyl methacrylate)
27341-60-2
26655-94-7
Isopropyl vinyl ether polymer
25585-49-3
Poly(itaconic acid)
Poly(2-methylenesuccinic acid)
25119-64-6
Poly(lactide)
Lactide polymer; poly(DL-lactide)
26680-10-4
Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide)
Glycolide-DL-lactide polymer;
polyglactin
26780-50-7
Poly(laury 1 lactam)-blockpoly(tetrahydrofuran)
Poly(lauryl methacrylate)
Maleic anhydride-1-tetradecene
polymer
31473-53-7
Poly (laury 1 methacrylate-Coethylene glycol

dimethacrylate)
Ethylene glycol dimethacrylatelauryl methacrylate copolymer
Poly(D,L-lysine hydrobromide)
Poly(L-leucine)
Poly(L~leucine hydrobromide)
25719-52-2
61181-29-1
73565-55-6
Polyleucine
Poly-L-lysine hydrogen bromide;
polyIysine hydrobromide
Poly(D-lysine hydrobromide)
25248-98-0
25988-63-0
27964-99-4
CA name
Search
method

with 1,3-butadiene
(CsHg -C4H6Xv
1,3-Butadiene, 2-methyl-,
homopolymer, maleated,
mono-methyl esters
methyl ester, polymer
1-methylethyl ester,
homopolymer
Propane, 2-(ethenyloxy)-,
homopolymer
Butanedioic acid, methylene,
homopolymer
l,4-Dioxane-2,5-dione,
3,6-dimethyl-homopolymer
l,4-Dioxane-2,5-dione,
3,6-dimethy !polymer with
1,4-dioxane- 2,5-dione
1-tetradecene
dodecyl ester, homopolymer
1,2-ethanediyl ester, polymer
with dodecyl 2-methyl2-propenoate
DL-Lysine, homopolymer,
hydrobromide
L-Leucine, homopolymer
L-Lysine, homopolymer,
hydrobromide
D-Lysine, homopolymer,
link
R
R
(C6H9NO
CsH8O2)V
(C7H12O2)V
(CsHioO)v
(CsH6O4)V
(C6H8O4)V
(C 6 H 8 O 4
C4H4O4K
(C I4H28C4H2O3) v
(C I6H30O2).,
R
R
(Ci6H3OO2
C I 0 Hi 4 O 4 ) v
(C 6 H 14 N 2 O 2 ) V
vBrH
(C6H I3NO2)v
(C6H I4N2O2) v
ABIH
(C6H I 4 N 2 O 2 ),
(C 6 H l4 N 2 O 2 ) v
R
R
(C 6 Hi 4 N 2 O 2 ) v
(Ci8H36
C 4 H 2 O 3 ),
(C 3 H 6 N 6 CH2O)V
R
R
hydrobromide
Poly(L~lysine hydrochloride)
Lysine homopolymer hydrochloride
28826-16-6
Poly(L-lysine)
Poly(maleic anhydride-a/r1-octadecene)
Poly(maleic anhydride-a/fa-olefin)
Lysine homopolymer
1-Octadecene-maleic anhydride
polymer
25104-18-1
25266-02-8
L-Lysine, homopolymer,
ABIH
hydrochloride
68036-97-5
Poly(melamine-co-formaldehyde),
butyiated
68002-25-5
butylated
butylated/methylated
Poly(melamine-coLaurolactam-polytetramethylene
formaldehyde), methylated
glycol copolymer
68459-79-0
Poly(melamine-coformaldehyde),
isobutylated
Poly(methacrylic acid),
sodium salt
Poly(L-methionine)
Polymethylene polyphenylene
isocyanate
70750-53-7
84732-38-7
68002-21-1
54193-36-1
Methionine homopolymer
Poly(p-methoxystyrene);
poly(4-vinylanisole)
Poly(phenyl isocyanate-coformaldehyde), poly(methylene
poly(phenyl isocyanate))
26242-79-0
24936-44-5
9016-87-9
Molecular
formula
L-Lysine, homopolymer
1-octadecene
l,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine,
polymer with formaldehyde,
butylated methylated
l,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamme,
butylated
Alkenes, C24-28 a-, polymers
with maleic anhydride
Teipenes and terpenoids,
limonene fraction, polymd.
Azacyclotridecan-2-one, polymer
with a-hydro-co-hydroxypoly(oxy- 1,4-butanediyl)
l,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine,
isobutylated
homopolymer, sodium salt
L-Methionine, homopolymer
Benzene, l-ethenyl-4-methoxy-,
homopolymer
Isocyanic acid, polymethylenepoiyphenylene ester
ACIH
*
*
(C 3 H 6 N 6
CH2O)x
Unk
Unk
(Ci2H23NO(C4H8O)7,
H2O)v
(C 3 H 6 N 6
CH 2 O) 1
!|:
(C 4 H 6 O 2 ) v xNa
R
R
(C5H nNO2S).v
(C9Hi()O)v
link
Common name
PolyCmethyl acrylate)
Synonyms
CAS Registry No.
Methyl acrylate polymer
Poly(4,4'-methylene bis(phenyl
isocyanateH///-butanediol/
di-PG/polycaprolactone))
9003-21-8
68084-39-9
Poly(4,4'-methylene bisphenyl
isocyanate)
1,4-Butanediol-methylenedi-/;phenylene isocyanate-polytetramethylene-ether glycol

copolymer
9018-04-6
9011-14-7
Poly(methyl methacrylate-cobutadiene-costyrene)
Methacrylic acid methyl ester;

methyl methacrylate polymer
Butadiene-methyl methacrylatestyrene polymer
Polydnethyl methacrylate-a;ethyl acrylate)
Methyl methacrylate-ethyl acrylate

polymer
Poly(3-methyl 1,5-pentanediol
adipate)
Adipic acid-3-methyl1,5-pentanediol copolymer

Methylpentene polymer;
4-methylpentene homopolymer
Polydnethyl sorbate)
Poly(4~methyl styrene)
Poly(a-methyl styrene)
Poly(methyl styrene-cY?indene), hydrogenated
Polydnethyl vinyl eiher-altmaleic acid monoethyl ester)
Polydnethyl vinyl ether-altmaleic acid monoisopropyl

ester)
Polydnethyl vinyl ether-altmaleic acid)
Polydnethyl vinyl ether-altmaleic anhydride)
Polydnethyl vinyl ether-altmaleic anhydride)
Poly(methylhydrosiloxane)
Poly(neopentyl glycol adipate)
25053-09-2
9010-88-2
39751-34-3
25068-26-2
30813-48-0
/;-Methylstyrene polymer;
4-methylstyrene homopolymer
2-Methylstyrene polymer
24936-41-2
25014-31-7
69430-35-9
Ethyl maleate-methyl vinyl ether

25087-06-3
polymer; maleic acid monoethyl
ester-methyl vinyl ether polymer;
monoethyl maleate-methyl vinyl
ether polymer
31307-95-6
Maleic acid-methyl vinyl ether
copolymer; maleic acid-methyl
vinyl ether polymer
Maleic anhydride-methyl vinyl
ether polymer
1,9-Decadiene-maleic anhydridemethyl vinyl ether copolymer
Methyl hydrogen siloxane
Adipic acid-neopentyl glycol
copolymer
25153-40-6
9011-16-9
136392-67-1
9004-73-3
27925-07-J
Polylneopentyl glycol
sebacate)
28759-54-8
Polydieopentyl methacrylate)
34903-87-2
Poly(norbornene)
25038-76-0
Poly(2-norbornene);
polynorbornenylene
Stearyl methacrylate homopolymer
Poly(octadecyl vinyl eiher-comaleic anhydride)

PolyCoctyl acrylate)
Maleic anhydride-octadecyl
vinyl ether polymer
Octyl acrylate polymer
28214-64-4
25639-21-8
25266-13-1
CA name
Search
method
Molecular
formula

homopolymer
1,4-butanediol, 1,1'-methylenebis(isocyanatobenzene) and
oxybis(propanol)
1,4-Butanediol, polymer with
a-hydro-ohydroxypoly(oxy-l,4-butanediyl) and
1,1'-methylenebis(4-isocyanatobenzene)
methyl ester, homopolymer
2-Propenoic acid,2-methyl-,
methyl ester, polymer with 1,3butadiene and ethenylbenzene
methyl ester, polymer with
ethyl 2-propenoate
3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol
1-Pentene, 4-methyl-,
homopolymer
2,4-Hexadienoic acid, methyl
ester, (EJB)-, homopolymer
Benzene, l-ethenyl-4-methyl-,
homopolymer
Benzene, (1-methylethenyl)-,
homopolymer
Hydrocarbons, C6-C20, polymers,
hydrogenated
2-Butenedioic acid (Z)-,
monoethyl ester, polymer
with methoxyethene
(C 4 H 6 O 2 ) V
(Ci 5 Hi 0 N 2 O 2
C 6 Hi 4 O 3
C6HI0O2C 4 H I0O2) v
(C 15Hi0N2O2
C4HI 0 O 2
(C4HgO)7,
H 2 O) 1
(C 5 H 8 O 2 ) v
(C 8 H 8 C5H8O2
C4H6Xx(C 5 H 8 O 2
C5H8O2) v
R
R
R
(C 6 H) 4 O 2
C6Hi0O4Xx
(C6Hi2)Jc
(C 7 Hi 0 O 2 K
(CgHi0)V
(CQHJOXV
Unk
(C 6 H 8 O 4
C3H6O)x

mono(l-methylethyl) ester,
polymer with methoxyethene
2-Butenedioic acid (Z)-, polymer
with methoxyethene
(C 7 Hi 0 O 4
CaH6O)x
(04H 4 O 4 C 3 H 6 O),

methoxyethene
1,9-decadiene and
methoxyethene
Poly(oxy(methylsiiylene))
Poly(oxy(2,2-dimethyl-l,3propanediyl)oxy(l,10-dioxo1,10-decanediyl))
2,2-dimethylpropyl ester,
homopolymer
Bicyclo(2.2.1)hept-2-ene,
homopolymer
octadecyl ester, homopolymer
l-(ethenyloxy)octadecane
2-Propenoic acid, octyl ester,
homopolymer
(C4H2O3
C3H6O).,
(Ci 0 H, 8 C4H2O3C 3 H 6 O) x
(CH4OSi),,
(C 6 Hi 0 O 4 .
C 5 HI 2 OT) X
(Ci 5 H 26 O 4 ),,
(CgHi6O2)V
(C7Hl0).v
(C22H42O2).,
(C20H40OC4H2O3).X
(Ci1H20O2)V
R
R
R
Common name
Poly(3-octyl thiophene),
regioregular
Poly(L-ornithine)
Poly(L-ornithine hydrobromide)
Synonyms
CAS Registry No.

104934-51-2
Polyornithine
Polyorthine hydrobromide
Poly(D,L-ornithine hydrobromide)
25104-12-5
27378-49-0
82682-33-5
Poly(L-ornithine hydrochloride)
Poly-L-ornithine-hydrochloride
26982-21-8
Poly[oxy(2,6-dimethyl1,4-phenylene)]
Poly(2.6-dimethyl-/;-phenylene
ether); poly(2,6-dimethyl1,4-phenylene oxide). SRU
4.4'-Difluorobenzophenonehydroquinone copolymer,
SRU; PEEK
Bisphenol A polycarbonate; poly
(4,4'-isopropylidenediphenyl
carbonate)
Poly(formaldehyde); formaldehyde
polymer
Poly(oxymethylene) diacetate
24938-67-8
Butanediol formal-trioxane
copolymer; formaldehyde tetramethylene acetal-trioxane
copolymer; 1,3-dioxepanetrioxane polymer
Starburst 2nd generation
25214-85-1
PoIy(OXy-1,4-phenylene oxy1,4-phenylene carbonyl

1,4-phenylene)
Poly(oxycarbonyloxy1,4-phenylene.isopropylidene1,4-phenylene)
Poly(oxymethylene)
Poly(oxymethylene), acetate
end-capped
Poly(oxymethylene-c<?1,3-dioxepane)
PoIy(PAMAM), starburst
dendrimer
31694-16-3
24936-68-3
9002-81-7
25231-38-3
93376-66-0
Poly(perfluoropropylene oxideco-perfluoro formaldehyde)

Poly(/?,/?'-l,4-phenylene-3,3/,
4,4/-benzophenone tetracarboxylic imid/amic acid
69991-67-9
Benzophenonetetracarboxylic
dianhydride-/.?-phenylenediamine
polymer, SRU
26023-21-2
Poly(/7,/7'-l,3-phenylene
isophthalamide)
Isophthaloyl chloride1.3-phenylenediamine polymer
25765-47-3
Poly(/?,/?-1,4-phenylene
terephthalamide)
/;-Phenylenediamine-terephthaloyl
chloride copolymer
26125-61-1
Poly((phenyl glycidyl ether)ro-dicyclopentadiene)

PolyCphenyl glycidyl etherco-formaldehyde)
Poly(phenyl vinyl ketone)
119345-05-0
28064-14-4
Poly(acrylophenone)
26742-84-7
Poly( 1,4-phenylene diisocyanatea?-poly(l,4-butanediol))
89339-41-3
Poly( 1,4-phenylene ether

ether sulfone)
28212-68-2
Poly( 1,4-phenylene ether

sulfone)
Poly( 1,4-phenylene sulfide)
25667-42-9
Poly(/;-phenylene
terephthalamide)
Poly(phenylene ether)
/?-Dichlorobenzene-sodium sulfide
polymer; poly(/;-phenylene
sulfide)
PPTA
9041-80-9
25212-74-2
24938-64-5
CA name
Search
method
!Molecular
formula
Thiophene, 3-octyl-, homopolymer
(C|2H2oS).v
L-Omithine, homopolymer
L-Ornithine, homopolymer.
hydrobromide
DL-Ornithine, homopolymer,
hydrobromide
L-Ornithine, homopolymer,
hydrochloride
Poly(oxy(2,6-dimethyl1,4-phenylene))
R
R
(C^H^NiO]).,
(C 5 H 12N2O2)V
vBrH
(C 5 H I 2 N 2 O 2 ). v
\BiH
(C 5 Hi 2 N 2 O 2 )A
\C1H
Poly(oxy-l,4-phenyleneoxy1,4-phenylenecarbonyl1,4-phenylene)
Poly(oxycarbonyloxy-l,4phenylene(l-methylethylidene)1,4-phenylene)
Poly(oxymethylene)
R
R
R
(C[C)Hi2O;,),,
(CI6HI4OI),,
(CH2O),,
Poly(oxymethylene), ot-acetylco-(acetyloxy)1,3-Dioxepane, polymer with

1,3.5-trioxane
(CH2O),,
C 4Hc1O 3
(C5H 10O2
C3H6O3) v
4,7.11,14.18,21,25,28,32,35Decaazaoctatriacontanediamide. etc
1-Propene, 1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoro-,
oxidized, polymd.
PoIy(O 3-dihydro-l,3-dioxo2H-isoindole-2,5-diyl)carbonyl(l,3-dihydro-l,3-dioxo-2Hisoindole-5,2-diyl)1,4-phenylene)
polymer with 1,3-benzenediamine
polymer with 1.4-benzenediamine
Phenol, polymer with 3a,4,7,7atetrahydro-4,7-methanoIH-indene, glycidyl ether
Phenol, polymer with formaldehyde. glycidyl ether
2-Propen-i-one, 1-phenyl-,
homopolymer
Poly(oxy-l,4-butanediyl),c/.-hydroa)-hydroxy-. polymer with
1,4-diisocyanatobenzene
Poly(oxy-l,4-phenyleneoxy1,4-phenylenesulfonyl1,4-phenylene)
Poly(oxy-l,4-phenylenesulfonyl1,4-phenylene)
Poly(oxyphenylene)
Poly(thio- 1,4-phenylene)
C142H288N58O28
Link
(C23H 10N2O5),,
(C 8 H 4 Cl 2 O 2 C6H8N2) v
(C 8 H 4 Cl 2 O 2
C6H8N2)v
Poly(imino-l,4-phenyleneiminocarbonyl-1,4-phenylenecarbonyl)
(C m H !2
C 6 H 6 O),
(C 6 H 6 O
CH2O).V
(C 9 H 8 O),
R
R
(C 8 H 4 N 2 O 2
(C 4 H 8 O),,
H 2 O) v
(CI8HI2O4S),,
(Ci 2 H 8 O 3 S),,
R
U
(C 6 H 4 O),,
(C 6 H 4 S),,
(C 14H K)N2O2),,
Common name
Synonyms
CAS Registry No.
Poly(2-pinene)
70750-57-1
Poly(poly(tetrahydrofuran)
carbonate), diol
92538-66-4
CA name
Search
method
Terpenes and terpenoids,

turpentine-oil, oc-pinene
fraction, polymd.
Carbonic acid, diethyl ester,
polymer with a-hydro-oo-
Unk
(C5Hi0O3
(C 4 HgO),,
L-Proline, homopolymer
with ethene and ethyl
2-propenoate
Oxirane, methyl-, polymer with
carbon dioxide
Pentanedioic acid, polymer with
1,3-propanediol
Poly(oxy(methyl-l,2-ethanediyl)),
a-(2-arninornethylethyl)o)-(2-aminomethylethoxy)Poly(oxy(methyl-l,2-ethanediyl)),
a-hydro-co-hydroxy-
R
R
(C5HgNOi) 1
(C7Hi0O3C^HgO 2
C 2 H 4 ). V
(C 3 HeO C 0 2 ) v
(C^HgO 4
C 3 HgOz)V
(C 3 H 6 O),,
C6Hi6N2O
(C 3 H 6 O),,H 2 O
ot-( 1 -oxo-2-propenyl)(O-(nonylphenoxy)Poly(oxy(methyl-l,2-ethanediyl)),
oc-(l -oxo-2-propenyl)co-(( I -oxo-2-propenyl )oxy)Poly(oxy(methyl-l,2-ethanediyl)),
ot~(2-methyl-l -oxo-2-propenyl)to-((2-methyl-1-oxo2-propenyl)oxy)Poly(oxy(methyl-l,2-ethanediyl)),
oc-(2-methyl-l -oxo-2-propenyl)co-hydroxyPoly(oxy(methyl-l,2-ethanediyl)),
a-benzoyl-co-(benzoyloxy)Poly(oxy(methyl-l,2-ethanediyl)),
a-(oxiranylmethyl)oo-(oxiranylmethoxy)Poly(oxy(methyl-l,2-ethanediyl)),
a-butyl-co-hydroxyOxirane methyl, polymer with
oxirane
(C 3 H 6 O),,
CIgH 2 6 O 2
(C 3 H 6 O),,
C6H6O3
(C 3 H 6 O),,
CgHmO 3
(C 3 H 6 O),,
C 4H 6 O 2
(C 3 H 6 O),,
CuHiOO 3
(C 3 H 6 O),,
C6Hi0O3
hydroxypoly(oxy-l,4-butaned ; )l)
Poly(L-proline)
PoIy(1,3-propylene adipate)
Polyproline; proline homopolymer

Ethyl acrylate-ethyleneglycidyl methacrylate polymer
25191-13-3
35830-43-4
Poly(propylene carbonate)
Carbon dioxide-propylene
oxide polymer
Poly(trimethylene glutarate)
25511-85-7
Poly(propylene glycol
bis(2-aminopropyl ether))
Poly(oxypropylene)diamine
9046-10-0
Poly(propylene glycol)
Oxirane, methyl-, homopolymer;

poly(propylene oxide); PPG:
propylene glycol -propylene
oxide polymer
Poly( 1,3-propylene glutarate)
52256-48-1
25322-69-4
Poly (propylene glycol), 4-nonyl

phenol ether acrylate
71926-19-7
Poly(propylene glycol),
diacrylate
52496-08-9
dimethacrylate
25852-49-7
methacrylate
39420-45-6
PoIy(propylene glycol),
dibenzoate
Polypropylene glycol),
diglycidyl ether
72245-46-6
PoIy(propylene glycol),
monobutyl ether
Poly(propylene glycol )-copoly(ethylene glycol)
Polypropylene glycoi-blockPEG-block-PPG bis

(2-aminopropyl ether))
Poly( 1,3-propylene succinate)
26142-30-3
Butoxypolypropylene glycoi;
9003-13-8
polyoxypropylene monobutyl ether
Ethylene glycol-propylene glycol
9003-11-6
copolymer; ethylene glycolpropylene oxide copolymer;
ethylene oxide-propylene oxide
copolymer ethylene glycol ether;
methyloxirane-oxirane
copolymer
Ethylene oxide-propylene oxide
65605-36-9
copolymer bis(2-aminopropyl)ether
Poly(trimethylene succinate)
28158-21-6
Poly (propylene)
Poly(propylene), chlorinated
Poly(propene); propene polymer
Poly(propylene). isotactic
Poly(propylene-<7//-ethylene,
multiarm
lsotactic propylene polymer; polypro 25085-53-4

127883-08-3
Poly(propylene-cY;-l-butene)
Poly(propylene-cY;tetrafliioroethy lene)
Propene-tetrafluoroethene polymer
9003-07-0
68442-33-1
29160-13-2
27029-05-6
Molecular
formula
Oxirane, methyl-, polymer with

oxirane, bis(2-aminopropyl)
ether
1,3-propanediol
1-Propene, homopolymer
1-Propene, homopolymer,
chlorinated
1-Propene, homopolymer isotactic
Benzene, diethenyl-. polymer
with 2-methyl- 1,3-butadiene,
hydrogenated
1-Butene, polymer with 1-propene
1-Propene, polymer with
tetrafluoroethene
HTO)X
R
R
(C 3 H 6 O),,
C4H10O
(C 3 H 6 O
C2H4O)x
R
*
(C 3 HgNO) | / 2
(C3H6OC2H4O)1
(C 4 H 6 O4C 3 HgO 2 ) v
(C 3 H 6 K
Unk
R
*
(C 3 H 6 ) v
(C| 0 H| 0 -C.^Hg),
R
R
(C 4 H 8 C 3 H 6 ). V
(C3H6-C2F4)v
Common name
Poly(propylene-gra/f-maleic
anhydride)
PolyCpyromellitic dianhydridecfl-4,4'-oxydianiline)
Poly(sebacic anhydride)
Poly(L-serine)
Poly(sodium 4-styrene
sulfonate)
Poly(styrene)
Poly(styrene-a//-maleic acid),
sodium salt
Poly(styrene-fr-butadiene)
Poly(styrene--poly(ethyleneran-butylene)-bpoly(styrene))
Poly(styrene-6/0cA:-poly(oxyethylene))
Pory(styrene->/ock-polyisoprene-b/<?c&-polystyrene)
Poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile)
Poly(styrene-cc>-allyl alcohol)
Poly(styrene-cc?-a-methylstyrene)
Poly(styrene-cc?-divinyl
benzene)
Synonyms
CAS Registry No.
Molecular
formula

1-propene, graft
IH, 3H-Benzo(l,2-c:4,5-c')difuran-l,3,5,7-tetrone, polymer
with 4,4/-oxybis(benzenamine)
Decanedioic acid, homopolymer

L-Serine, homopolymer
Benzenesulfonic acid, 4-ethenyl-,
sodium salt, homopolymer
R
R
R
(C I0Hi8O4)V
(C 3 H 7 NO 3 ),
(C 8 H 8 O 3 S Na),-
Benzene, ethenyk homopolymer
(C8H8)V

ethenylbenzene, sodium salt
(C 8 H 8 C 4 H 2 O 3 ),
Benzene, ethenyl-, polymer with

1,3-butadiene
(C8Hs C4H6)A
Benzene, ethenyl-, polymer with

1,3-butadiene, hydrogenated
Unk
Ethylene oxide-styrene polymer
25267-79-2
(C 8 H 8 C 2 H 4 O),
Isoprene-styrene polymer
25038-32-8
Oxirane, polymer with

ethenylbenzene
Benzene, ethenyl-, polymer
with 2-methyl-l,3-butadiene
ethenylbenzene
(C 8 H 8 C 5 H 8 ),
(C 8 H 8 C 3 H 3 N) 1
2-Propen-l-ol, polymer with

R
ethenylbenzene
Benzene, ethenyl-, polymer
R
with (l-methylethenyl)benzene
Benzene, diethenyi-, polymer
*
with ethenylbenzene and
ethenylethylbenzene,
chloromethylated
Methanamine, TV-methyl-, reaction *
products with chloromethylated
divinylbenzene-ethenylethylbenzene-styrene polymer
R
monomethyl ester, polymer
with ethenylbenzene, 2,5furandione and (Z)-2-methylpropyl hydrogen 2-butenedioate
R
ethenylbenzene, 2-butoxyethyl
ester
2,5-Furandione, telomer with
R
ethenylbenzene and (1-methylethyl)benzene, 2-butoxyethyl ester
R
ethenylbenzene and (1-methyl
ethyl)benzene, cyclohexyl
1-methylethyl ester
R
ethenylbenzene, cyclohexyl
1-methylethyl ester
2-Butenedioic acid (Z)-, mono
R
(2-methylpropyl) ester, polymer
with ethenylbenzene
R
ethenylbenzene, isooctyl ester
(C 8 H 8 C 3 H 6 O) x
Acrylonitrile-styrene polymer;
poly styrene-aery lonitrile;
styrene-acrylonitrile polymer
AHyI alcohol-styrene polymer
Styrene-a-methylstyrene polymer
9003-54-7
25119-62-4
9011-11-4
69011-14-9
69011-17-2
Poly(styrene-co-maleic acid),
isobutyl/methyl
mixed ester
63528-92-7
Poly(styrene-comaleic
acid), partial 2-butoxyethyl ester
Poly(styrene-a?-maleic acid),
partial 2-butoxyethyl
ester, cumene terminated
partial cyclohexyl/1-PR
ester, cumene terminated
68890-84-6
Poly(styrene~a?-maleic acid),
partial isooctyl ester
Search
method
Maleic anhydride-PN 240 graft

107001-49-0
copolymer
Diaminodiphenyl ether-pyromellitic 25038-81-7
dianhydride polymer; oxydianiline-pyromeliitic dianhydride
polymer
Sebacic acid polyanhydride
26776-29-4
Polyserine
25821-52-7
Poly (sodium /?-styrenesulfonate);
25704-18-1
poly(sodium /?-vinylbenzenesulfonate)
PoIy(I-phenylethylene); poly9003-53-6
(vinylbenzene)
Maleic acid anhydride-styrene
25736-61-2
polymer, sodium salt; 2,5-furandione-styrene copolymer, sodium salt
Butadiene-styrene polymer,
9003-55-8
poly butadiene- polystyrene
copolymer, styrene-butadiene
polymer
66070-58-4
Poly(styrene-a?-divinyl
benzene), amine
functionalized
Poly(styrene-c9-maleic acid),
partial cyclohexyl/
isopropyl ester
Poly(styrene-co-maleic
acid), partial isobutyl ester
CA name
160611-50-7
160611-51-8
68890-82-4
Hydrogen isobutyl maleatestyrene copolymer
28571-95-1
68441-87-2
(C 4 H 2 Ov
C 3 H 6 ),
(Ci 2 Hi 2 N 2 O
CK)H 2 O 6 )V
A Na
(C9H10 C8H8)A
(Ci0H12
C | 0 H )0
C 8 H 8 ),
(C 10H [2
C] 0 Hi 0
C8H8
C 2 H 7 N) x
(C 8 Hi 2 O 4
C8H8
C5H6O4
C 4 H 2 O 3 ),
Unk
C9H l2 (C 8 H 8
C 4 H 2 O 3 ),
AC 6 H i4 O 2
C 9 Hi 2 (C 8 H 8
C 4 H 2 O 3 ),
AC 6 H t 2 O
AC3H8O
Unk
(C 8 Hi 2 O 4
C 8 H 8 ),
Unk
Common name
Synonyms
CAS Registry No.
Poly(styrene-cc>-maleic acid),
partial propyl ester
Poly(styrene-(Y;-maleic acid),
partial propyl ester, cumene
terminated
^c-butyl/methyl mixed
ester
Maleic anhydride-styrene polymer,

propyl ester
Poly(styrene-co-maleic
anhydride)
Polystyrene-co-maleic
anhydride), cumene
terminated
Poly(styrene sulfonic acid-o?maleic acid), sodium salt
Maleic anhydride-styrene polymers
Poly(sulfone)
Bisphenol A-bis(chlorophenyJ)
sulfone copolymer, SRU
160611-48-3
65652-36-0
9011-13-6
26762-29-8
68037-40-1
Poly(/<?/7-but.yl methacrylate)
25135-51-7
25189-00-8
Poly(difluoromethylene);
fluoropolymers; perfluoroethylene
polymer
Poly (tetrahy drof man)
Poly(butylene oxide); tetrahydrofuran homopolymer, SRU;
THF polymer, SRU
Poly( tetrahy drofuran),
Polytetramethylene glycol
bis(3-aminopropyl) terminated
bis(3-aminopropyl) ether
Poly(tetrahydrofuran), linear
68890-81-3
9002-84-0
CgH l2 ( C 8 H 8 C4HiOi)V
ACiH 8 O
(C8Hj2O4C8H8C5H6O4
C4H2O^v) v
R
R
(C 8 H 8
C 4 H 2 O - Ov
CqH )2 (C 8 H 8
C4H2O-O
(C8H8C 4 H 2 O ^ Na) v
(C 2 7 H 2 2 O 4 S),,
(C 8 H| 4 O 2 ). V
(C2F 4 ) v
72088-96-1
Poly(oxy-l,4-butanediyl),
7.-(3-aminopropyl)co-( 3-aminopropoxy )Furan, tetrahydro-, polymer
with oxirane
(C 4 H 8 O) 1 ,
C6Hi6N2O
(C4H8OC2H4O)1
(C 4 H 8 S),
U
R
(C 6 H 4 S) v
(C?H9NO 2 SCH 2 O) v
(CyH^N 2 O 2 ) V
9016-75-5
25035-71-6
Poly(tolylene 2,4-diisocyanatecY>-poly(l,4-butanediol))
Poly(tetramethylene ether glycol)TDI copolymer; polytetramethylene glycol-tolylene

isocyanate polymer
Potyoxypropylene glycol-tolylene
diisocyanate polymer; polypropylene glycol-TDI polymer
9069-50-5
Poly(urea-rr;-formaldehyde),
butylated
Poly(urea-t^-formaldehyde),
methylated
Unk
(C 4 H 8 O),,H 2 O
Poly(phenylene sulfide)
Formaldehyde-/;-toluenesulfonamide
polymer
2.4-Toluene diisocyanate polymer
27637-03-2
26373-01-3
26006-20-2
9057-91-4
68133-07-3
Polytyrosine
PolyCthio^henylene)
Poly(p-toluene sulfonamideco-formaldehyde)
Poly(tolylene 2,4-diisocyanate)
Poly(L-tyrosine)
Poly(L-tyrosine hydrobromide)

ethenylbenzene, propyl ester
ethenylbenzene and (1-methyl
ethylJbenzene, propyl ester
monomethyl ester, polymer
with ethenylbenzene, 2,5furandione and (Z)-I-methylpropyl hydrogen 2-butenedioate
2.5-Furandione, polymer with
ethenylbenzene
ethenylbenzene and (l-methylethyl Jbenzene
ethenylbenzene, sulfonated,
sodium salt
Poly(oxy-l,4-phenylenesulfonyll,4-phenyleneoxy-l,4phenylene( 1 -methylethylidene)1,4-phenylene)
1,1-dimethylethyl ester,
homopolymer
Ethene, tetrafluoro-homopolymer
Molecular
formula
Poiy(oxy-l,4-butanediyl),
a-hydro-co-hydroxy-
Poly(thioisobutylene)
Poly(trimethylolpropane/
di(propylene glycol)-<//radipic acid/phthalic
anhydride))
Search
method
25190-06-1
Oxirane-THF copolymer;
polyethylene-poly(tetramethylene)
glycol
lsobutylene sulfide polymer
Poly(tolylene 2,4-diisocyanatectf-poly(propylene glycol))
CA name
25619-78-7
27378-49-0
68002-19-7
68071-45-4
Thirane. 2,2-dimethyl-,
homopolymer
Poly(thiophenylene)
Benzenesulfonamide. 4-methyl-,
polymer with formaldehyde
Benzene, 2,4-diisocyanatol-methyl- homopolymer
Poly(oxy-l,4-butanediyl),
7.-hydro-co-hydroxy-, polymer
with 1,3-diisocyanatomethylbenzene
a-hydro-co-hydroxy-, polymer
with 1,3-diisocyanatomethylbenzene
2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)1,3-propanediol, 1,3-isobenzofurandione and 1,1'-oxybis(2-propanol)
L-Tyrosine, homopolymer
i.-Tyrosine, homopolymer.
hydrobromide
Urea, polymer with formaldehyde.
butylated
Uiea. polymer with formaldehyde,
methylated
R
R
(C9H6N2O2
(C 4 H 8 O),,
H 2 O) V
(CgH6N2O2(C^H 6 O),,
H 2 O) v
(C 8 H 4 O^C6H|4O3C 6 Hi 4 OîC 6 H 10O4)v
R
R
(CqHnNOi);
(C5H I 2 N 2 O 2 ) v
vBrH
Unk
:;:
(CH 4 N 2 OCH 2 O) x
Common name
PolyCvinyl acetate)
Synonyms
CAS Registry No.
PoIy(I-acetoxyethylene): PVAC
9003-20-7
Poly(vinyl acetate-cobutyl maleate-cY?isobornyl acrylate)
136392-68-2
Poly(vinyl acetate-cocrotonic acid)

Poly(vinyl alcohol)
Crotonic acid-vinyl acetate polymer 25609-89-6
Poly(vinyl alcohol-co-ethylene)
Poly(vinyl alcohol -covinyl acetate)
Poly(4-vinyl biphenyl)
Poly(vinyl butyral)
PolyCvinyl butyral-co-vinyl
alcohol-co-vinyl acetate)
Poly( l-hydroxyethylene): gohsenal;

9002-89-5
lemol; polyvinol; polyviol
Ethylene-vinyl alcohol polymer
25067-34-9
Vinyl alcohol-vinyl acetate polymer 25213-24-5
25232-08-0
Bromoethylene polymer
PolyCvinyl chloride-co-vinyl
acetate)
acetate-etf-2-hydroxypropyl
acrylate)
PolyCvinyl chloride-a;-vinyl
acetate-co-maleic acid)
acetate-vinyl alcohol)
25951-54-6
63148-65-2
27360-07-2
24991-31-9
PoIy(I-chloroethylene)
Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate polymer
9002-86*2
9003-22-9
41618-91-1
Maleic acid-vinyl acetate-vinyl:

vinyl acetate-vinyl chloridemaleic acid polymer
Vinyl acetate-vinyl alcohol-vinyl
chloride polymer; vinyl chloridevinyl acetate-vinyl alcohol
copolymer
PolyCvinyl cinnamate)
9005-09-8
(C 4 H 6 O 2 Jv
(Ci3H2nO2
C I2H2nO4
C 4 H 6 O.? ).v
(C 4 Hf 1 O 2
C4H6O2),
(C2H4O),
R
R
R
R
R
S
R
R
R
R
R
(C 2 H 4 O C 2 H 4 ),v
(C4H6O2
C 2 H 4 O) x
(C 14H l 2 ),.
(C 2 H 21 Br) x
Unk
(CsHi 4 O 2
C4H6O2
C 2 H 4 O) x
(C 6 H 1( )O 2 ) V
(C 2 H 3 Cl) x
(C4H6O2
C 2 H^Cl) x
(C 6 H mOj
C4H6O2
C 2 H 3 Cl) x
(C4H6O2
C4H4O4
C 2 H3Cl) 1
(C4H6O2
C2H4O
C 2 H 3 Cl) x
24968-99-8
2-Propenoic acid,3-phenyl-.
ethenyl ester, homopolymer
Ethene. ethoxy-, homopolymer
Ethene, fluoro-, homopolymer
l.r-(methylenebis(oxy))bis-,
homopolymer
Acetamide, N-ethenyl-/V~methyl-,
homopolymer
Ethene methoxy, homopolymer
3-Buten-2-one, homopolymer
Naphthalene. 2-ethenyl-,
homopolymer
Carbamic acid, octadecyl-,
ethenyl ester, homopolymer
Phenol. 4-ethenyl-. homopolymer
(C N H 1,,O2),.
R
R
R
(C4HNO),
(C 2 H 3 F) x
(C 5 HsO 2 )V
(C5HMNO)X
R
R
R
(C 3 H 6 O) x
(C 4 H 6 O) x
(Ci 2 Hm) x
(C2|H4|NO2)V
(CsH <s O) v
Propanoic acid, ethenyl ester,

homopolymer
Pyridine, 2-ethenyl-. homopolymer
Pyridine, 2-ethenyl-. polymer
with styrene
2-Pyrrolidinone. 1-ethenyl-,
homopolymer
(C 5 HsO 2 ) v
(C 7 H 7 N) x
R
R
(CsHs
C7H7NXv
(C 6 I-UNO),
2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-ethenyl-,
homopolymer, compd.
with iodine
(C6H1)NO) x -vl 2
PolyC/V-vinyl-methylacetamide)
Poly(A^methyl-/V-vinylacetamide)
26616-03-5
PolyCvinyl methyl ether)

PolyCvinyl methyl ketone)
Poly(2-vinyl naphthalene)
Methyl vinyl ether homopolymer

Methyl vinyl ketone polymer
9003-09-2
25038-87-3
28406-56-6
36671-85-9
/?-Vinylphenol polymer;
/?-vinylphenol polymer
Vinyl propionate polymer
25035-84-1
2-Vinylpyridine polymer
25014-15-7
Poly(2-vinyl pyridine-c"6>styrene)
PolyCvinyl pyrrolidone)
2-Vinylpyridine-styrene polymer
24980-54-9
PolyCvinyl pyiTolidone),
iodine complex
Ethenol, polymer with ethene

with ethenol
1,1 '-Biphenyl, 4-ethenylhomopolymer
Ethene, bromo-, homopolymer
Vinyl acetal polymers, butyrals
with l.l-bis(ethenyloxy)butane
and ethenol
Butanoic acid, ethenyl ester,
homopolymer
Ethane, chloro-homopolymer
with chloroethene
2-Propenoic acid. 2-hydroxypropyl
ester, polymer with chloroethene
and ethenyl acetate
2-Butenedioic acid (Z)-
25104-37-4
24981-14-4
9003-33-2
Poly(/?-pyrrolidinylethylene):
poly(vinylpyrrolidone);
vinylpyrrolidone polymer
Acetic acid ethenyl ester,

homopolymer
2-Butenedioic acid (Z)-, dibutyl
ester, polymer with ethenyl
acetate and exo-1.7,7-trimethylbicyclo(2.2.1)hept-2-yl
2-propenoate
2-Butenoic acid, polymer with
ethenyl acetate
Ethenol, homopolymer
Molecular
formula
Acetic acid ethenyl ester,

polymer with chloroethene
and ethenol
Poly(ethyl vinyl ether)

Monofluoroethylene polymer
Poly(divinyl formal)
Poly(4-vinyl phenol)
Search
method
25086-48-0

PolyCvinyl
fluoride)
PolyCvinyl formal)
PolyCvinyl /?-octodecylcarbamate)
CA name
24979-70-2
9003-39-8
25655-41-8
Common name
Search
method
Molecular
formula
Synonyms
CAS Registry No.
CA name
Poly( 1-vinyl pyrrolidoneco-acrylic acid)

Poly(l-vinyl pyrrolidoneco-2-dimethylamino-ethyl
methacrylate)
Acrylic acid-vinylpyrrolidone
polymer
28062-44-4
PoIy(I-vinyl pyrrolidoneco-styrene)
Styrene-Af-vinylpyrrolidone polymer; 25086-29-7

vinylpyrrolidinone-styrene
polymer
N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-vinyl acetate 25086-89-9
copolymer; poly(vinyl acetatevinylpyrrolidinone); vinyl
acetate-vinylpyrrolidone
copolymer
136445-69-7

l-ethenyl-2-pyrrolidinone
2-(dimethylamino)ethyl ester,
polymer with l-ethenyl2-pyrrolidinone
2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-ethenyl-,
polymer with ethenylbenzene
(C 8 H 8 C 6 HQNO) X

with l-ethenyl-2-pyrrolidinone
(C6H9NOC4H6O2)x
Alkenes, C> 10 a-, polymers with

vinylpyrrolidone
2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-ethenylhexadecyl-, homopolymer
Octadecanoic acid, ethenyl
ester, homopolymer
Sulfuric acid, monoethenyl ester,
potassium salt, homopolymer
Ethenesulfonic acid, homopolymer,
sodium salt
Unk
(C22H4iNO)x
(C 20H38O 2)*
(C 2 H 4 O 4 S K)x
(C 2 H 4 O 3 S) x *Na
(C9H 10)*
(C 9 Hi 0 -C9H10) x
PoIy(I-vinyl pyrrolidoneCo-vinyl acetate)
PoIy(I-vinyl pyrrolidoney-(l-triacontene))
Poly(l-vinyl pyrrolidoney-1-hexadecene)
30581-59-0
63231-81-2
Vinyl stearate polymer
Poly(vinyl sulfate), potassium salt

Poly (vinyl sulfonic acid),
sodium salt
Poly(vinyl toluene)
Poly (vinyl toluene-co-alphamethylstyrene)
Poly(vinylcarbazole);
Poly(9-vinyl carbazole)
Poly(vinylferrocene)
Poly(vinylidene chloride-coacrylonitrile)
Poly(vinylidene chloride-comethyl acrylate)
9003-95-6
26182-60-5
Ethenesulfonic acid polymer

sodium salt; ethenesulfonic acid
polymer sodium salt
Poly(methylstyrene);
vinyltoluene polymer
a-Methylstyrene-vinyltoluene
polymer
Poly(n-carbazolylethylene);
poly(Af-vinylcarbazole)
25053-27-4
9017-21-4
9017-27-0
25067-59-8
25498-06-0
Poly(l,l-dichloroethylene)
Acrylonitrile-vinylidene chloride
polymer
Methyl acrylate-vinylidene
chloride polymer
34801-99-5
9002-85-1
9010-76-8
25038-72-6
Poly(vinylidene chloride-coVinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride 9011-06-7

vinyl chloride)
polymer
Poly(vinylidene
fluoride)
Poly(l,l-difluoroethylene); PVDF
24937-79-9
Poly(vinylidene fluoride-coHexafluoropropene-vinylidene
9011-17-0
hexafluoropropylene)
fluoride
polymer
Poly(vinylidene fluoride-coHexafluoropropene-tetrafluoro25190-89-0
hexafluoropropylene-coethylene-vinylidene
fluoride
tetrafluoroethylene)
polymer; vinylidene
fluoridetetrafluoroethylene-perfluoropropylene copolymer
Poly (vinylidene fluoride-Co- Propene- tetrafluoroethylene54675-89-7
tetrafluoroethylene-covinylidene fluoride copolymer
propylene)
Poly(vinylisobutyl ether)
Isobutyl vinyl ether polymer
9003-44-5
Poly(4-vinyl pyridine-co-butyl
methacrylate)
Poly(4-vinyl pyrideneCo-styrene)
Poly(4-vinyl pyridine
hydrochloride), crosslinked
Poly(4-vinyl pyridine),
crosslinked
4-Vinylpyridine homopolymer
Butyl methacrylate-4-vinylpyridine
polymer
25232-41-1
53761-76-5
26222-40-2
29323-87-3
Divinylbenzene-4-vinylpyridine
polymer
9017-40-7
Benzene, ethenylmethylhomopolymer
Benzene, ethenylmethyl-, polymer
with (l-methylethenyl)benzene
9H-Carbazole, 9-ethenyl-,
homopolymer
Cyclohexane, ethenyl-,
homopolymer
Ferrocene, ethenyl-, homopolymer
Ethene,l,l-dichloro-, homopolymer
1,1-dichloroethene
polymer with 1,1-dichloro
ethene
Ethene, 1,1-dichloro-, polymer
with chloroethylene
Ethene, 1,1-difluoro-, homopolymer
polymer with 1,1-difluoroethene
polymer with 1,1-difluoroethene
and tetrafluoroethene
1-Propene, polymer with
1,1-difluoroethene and
tetrafluoroethene
Propane, l-(ethenyloxy)2-methyl-, homopolymer
Pyridine, 4-ethenyl-, homopolymer
4-ethenylpyridine
Pyridine, 4-ethenyl-, polymer
with ethenylbenzene
Pyridine, 4-ethenyl-, hydrochloride, homopolymer
Pyridine, 4-ethenyl-, polymer
with dietheny!benzene
(C6H9NOC 3 H 4 Oi) x
(C 8 Hi 5 NO 2
C6HgNO)x
(Ci 4 HnN) x
(C 8 Hi 4 ),
R
R
R
(Ci 2 Hi 2 Fe) x
(C 2 H 2 Cl 2 )*
(C 3 H 3 NC2H2C12)X
(C 4 H 6 O 2
C2H2Cl 2 ) x
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
(C2H3Cl
C 2 H 2 Ch) x
(C 2 H 2 F 2 ) X
(C 3 F 6 C2H2F2)X
(C 3 F 6 C 2 H 2 F 2
C2F4)X
(C 3 H 6 C2H2F2C2F4)X
(C 6 Hi 2 O) x
R
R
(C 7 H 7 N) x
(C 8 Hi 4 O 2 .
C 7 H 7 N) x
(C 8 H 8 -C 7 H 7 N) x
(C 7 H 7 NClH) x
(CioHioC 7 H 7 N) x
Common name
Synonyms
CAS Registry No.
Poly(4-vinyl pyridinium
dichromate)
82246-45-5
Poly(4-vinyl pyridinium
tribromide)
91650-35-0
Poly(/?-xylylene)
25951-90-0
Rosin, ester with glycerol
8050-31-5
Rosin, ester with pentaerythritol
8050-26-8
Rubber, chlorinated
Safflower seed oil
Silicone oil
Soybean oil
Starch
Starch, soluble
Starch-gra/3f-poly(acrylic acid),
sodium salt
Tri-o-benzyl cellulose
Tung oil
Zein
Methyl phenyl silicones

Arrowroot starch; potato
starch; rice starch; tapioca starch
Acrylic acid-starch polymer
sodium salt
9006-03-5
8001-23-8
63148-58-3
8001-22-7
9005-25-8
9005-84-9
60323-79-7
91104-69-7
8001-20-5
9010-66-6
CA name
Search
method
Chromic acid (H 2 Cr 2 O 7 ), salt

with diethenylbenzene polymer
with 4-ethenylpyridine
Hydrogen tribromide, compd.
with 4-ethenylpyridine (1:1),
homopolymer
Benzene, 1,4-dimethyl-,
homopolymer
Resin acids and rosin acids,
esters with glycerol
Resin acids and rosin acids,
esters with pentaerythritol
Rubber, chlorinated
Safflower oil
Siloxanes and Silicones, Me Ph
Soybean oil
Starch
Amylodextrin
Starch, polymer with 2-propenoic
acid, sodium salt
Cellulose, tris(phenylmethyl) ether
Tung oil
Zeins
Molecular
formula
(Ci 0 H 10 .
C7H7N)*
^Cr 2 H 2 O 7
(C7H7N Br 3 H) x '
(C8H iO)x
S*
Unk
S*
Unk
R
S*
S
S*
R
Unk
Unk
Unk
Unk
Unk
R
R
Unk
(C 3 H 4 O 2
Unk) ^xNa
(C7H8O) }/3 ; Unk
Unk
Unk
R
S*
S*
Index
This index lists only physical constants of polymer classes and a few selected specific polymers. Information on specific polymers
can be found under the polymer class name. Specific polymers in the index, mostly from Section V, do not necessarily represent the
only place of reference of that polymer. Additional references may be found under the respective polymer class name.
Index terms
Links
A
Abbreviations and acronyms:
alphabetical order
VIII/2
blends, reinforced polymers, etc.
VIII/19
chemical transformation of other polymers
VIII/18
elastomers
VIII/21
ISO codes for thermoplastics
VIII/19
polymer characteristic group based
VIII/17
poly(monomer) based
VIII/15
SPI codes for plastics recycling
VIII/21
textile fibers
VIII/22
Acetylene monomers, physical constants

Acetylene oligomers
III/4
IV/19
Acid anhydrides, solubility parameter

Acid dichloride monomers, physical constants
VII/700
III/4
Acid halides, solubility parameter
VII/700
Acids, solubility parameter
VII/701
Acoustic properties, and glass transition temperature

Acrolein monomers, physical constants
VI/194
III/4
Acronyms, see Abbreviations and acronyms

Acrylamide monomers, physical constants
III/4
Acrylate monomers, acids/esters, physical properties
III/8
Acrylic fibers
V/61
Acrylic monomers:
oligomers
IV/22
propagation/termination activation energies
II/417
propagation/termination constants
II/80
Acrylic polymers, see Poly(acrylic acid) and derivatives

Activation energy, free radical initiator decomposition
Activation energy, of propagation and termination
II/1
II/415
acrylic derivatives
II/417
dienes
II/416
methacrylic derivatives
II/418
IX/1
IX/2
Index terms
Links
Activation energy, of propagation and termination (Continued)

miscellaneous compounds
II/423
olefins
II/416
styrene derivatives
II/421
vinyl esters
II/421
vinyl ethers
II/421
vinyl halogens
II/420
vinyl heteroaromatics
II/422
Activation enthalpies, of stereocontrol
II/445
Activation entropies, of stereocontrol
II/445
Activation volume
II/429
chain propagation
II/435
chain termination
II/436
chain transfer
II/436
copolymerization
II/439
initiator decomposition
II/435
selected polymerization reactions
II/432
Acyl peroxide initiators, decomposition rates
II/29
Addition polymerization:
living polymers with partial deactivation
II/344
with termination
II/341
Additives:
ISO codes for
VIII/20
transfer constants to
II/110
Adhesive hard spheres
VI/594
characteristic parameters
VI/600
Adhesives, surface properties
VI/534
Adsorption chromatography
VII/330
Alcohol monomers, physical properties

Alcohols, solubility parameter
III/16
VII/700
Aldehydes:
II/90
solubility parameter
VII/699
Alfrey-Price equation
II/309
Alkane-diol monomers:
physical properties
III/16
surface properties
VI/534
Alkanes, permeability through Santoprene TM

Alkyl peroxide initiators, decomposition rates
VI/566
II/23
Allene oligomers
IV/17
Allyl functional monomers, physical properties
III/18
II/321
IX/3
Index terms
Links
Alternating copolymers, fractionation systems

American Chemical Society Nomenclature Committee
Amine monomers, difunctional, physical properties
Ammo sugar oligomers
VII/366
VII/425
I/1
III/20
IV/103
Amorphous fluoropolymers, physical constants

Amorphous polymers
V/52
VI/194
heat capacity
VI/484
Anhydride monomers, physical properties
III/20
Anisotropy of segments, see Segmental anisotropy

Annealing
VI/195
Area:
conversion factors
I/14
SI units
I/13
Aromatic hydrocarbons, solubility parameter
VII/698
Aromatic polymers, see Poly(aromatics)

ATHAS Data Bank, of heat capacities
VI/484
Avrami constants, see Bulk crystallization rates

Avrami equation
VI/282
Azo derivative initiators, decomposition rates
II/9
Azonitrile initiators, decomposition rates
II/2
B
Baker-Williams method
VII/330
Barrier polymers
V/160
physical constants
V/164
Baumann-Kurata-Stockmayer procedure
VII/222
Baumann-Stockmayer-Fixman procedure
VII/242
VII/243
Blends:
abbreviations and acronyms
VIII/19
crystallization
VI/280
VI/287
poly(alkenes)
VI/312
VI/353
poly(dienes)
VI/312
VI/353
poly(esters)
VI/329
VI/377
poly(oxides)
VI/319
VI/371
poly(urethanes)
VI/383
poly(vinyls)
VI/312
VI/353
VII/395
VII/438
crystallization rates
fractionation systems
radiation chemical yield
II/493
Block copolymers:
VII/382
VII/427
IX/4
Index terms
Links
Block copolymers: (Continued)

segmental anisotropy
VII/751
solvent-nonsolvent tables
VII/533
Boiling point:
monomers, see Monomer physical constants
oligomers, see Oligomer physical constants
polymer solvents
III/59
Branched phenol-formaldehyde oligomers

Brownian motion fractionation
IV/94
VII/333
Bulk crystallization rates:

composites
VI/389
miscellaneous polymers
VI/385
poly(alkenes)
VI/341
poly(amides)
VI/379
poly(carbonates)
VI/372
poly(dienes)
VI/341
poly(esters)
VI/373
poly(oxides)
VI/365
poly(phosphazenes)
VI/384
poly(siloxanes)
VI/384
poly(urethanes)
VI/383
poly(vinyls)
VI/341
Burchard-Stockmayer-Fixman procedure
VII/240
Butadiene monomers, physical properties
III/24
1,3-Butadiene oligomers
IV/14
Butene monomers, physical properties
III/26
Butyl rubber, physical constants
IV/16
V/4
C
CA Index polymer names
I/1
VI/113
Carbon-sulfur chains, theta solvents

CAS Registry Numbers
VII/317
I/8
common polymers
VIII/32
example searches
VIII/26
indexing and assignment
VIII/25
Catalysts, transfer constants to
II/106
Ceiling temperature:
copolymers
II/401
defined
II/393
gaseous monomer
II/397
monomers in solution
II/398
I/8
VIII/25
VIII/25
IX/5
Index terms
Links
Ceiling temperature: (Continued)

pure liquid monomer
II/394
Cell models
VI/592
Cellulose and derivatives:

diffusion coefficients
VI/561
heat, entropy, and volume change of solution
VII/662
Huggins constant
VII/282
permeability coefficients
VI/561
physical constants
V/135
II/487
solubility coefficients
VI/561
solution properties
V/147
VII/529
specific refractive index increments
VII/609
surface properties
VI/533
thermal degradation
II/475
unperturbed dimensions of linear chains
VII/66
viscosity-molecular weight relationship
VII/43
Cellulose esters, solvent-nonsolvent tables
VII/530
Cellulose ethers, solvent-nonsolvent tables
VII/529
Cellulose nitrate, solvent-nonsolvent tables
VII/531
Cellulose sulfate, solvent-nonsolvent tables
VII/531
Chain conformation:
isomorphous polymer pairs
VI/399
poly(amides)
VI/33
poly(aromatics)
VI/15
poly(dienes)
VI/22
poly(diynes)
VI/22
poly(esters)
VI/40
poly(ethers)
VI/51
poly(imides)
VI/15
poly(olefins)
VI/6
poly(oxides)
VI/52
poly(peptides)
VI/26
poly(saccharides)
VI/59
poly(sulfides)
VI/57
poly(sulfones)
VI/57
poly(ureas)
VI/49
poly(urethanes)
VI/49
poly(vinylidenes)
VI/13
poly(vinyls)
VI/13
Chain propagation activation energy, see Propagation activation energy

VI/593
IX/6
Index terms
Links
Chain propagation activation volumes
II/435
Chain propagation constants, see Propagation constants

Chain termination activation energy, see Termination activation energy
Chain termination activation volumes
II/436
Chain termination constants, see Termination constants

Chain transfer activation volumes
Chemical Abstracts
II/436
VIII/29
Chemical Abstract Service Registry Numbers, see CAS Registry Numbers

Chemical Abstracts Index polymer names
Chlorinated poly(ethylene)
I/1
VI/113
I/8
VIII/25
V/161
Chlorocarbon surfaces
VI/524
Chromatographic fractionation
VII/330
Classical cross fractionation
VII/332
Cleavage rate constants, photopolymerization
II/170
Cloud point titration
VII/294
Cloud temperature titration
VII/294
Coacervate extraction
VII/329
Cocrystallization
VI/280
Cohesion parameter, see Solubility parameter

Cohesive energy density
VII/676
group contributions
VII/684
polar systems
VII/677
Colligative properties
VII/163
Column chromatography
VII/330
Column extraction
VII/329
Common names
I/8
Compendium of Macromolecular Nomenclature
I/1
Competitive selective adsorption
VII/330
Composites:
VIII/19
bulk crystallization rates
VI/389
II/493
radiation resistance
VI/588
Compressibility equations, Isothermal

Concentration dependence, polymer-solvent interaction parameter
Condensation polymerization
VI/592
VII/249
II/346
molecular weight distribution
II/354
Constitutional base units
VI/113
Constitutional repeating units
I/3
VIII/25
IX/7
Index terms
Links
Continuous film extraction
VII/329
Continuous polymer fractionation
VII/329
Continuum equations of state
VI/594
Conversion factors
I/14
English-American units
I/17
Copolymer abbreviations, see Abbreviations and acronyms

Copolymers, see also Free radical copolymerization
CAS Registry Number search example
ceiling temperatures
VIII/28
II/401
crystallization rates
poly(alkenes)
VI/353
poly(dienes)
VI/353
poly(esters)
VI/331
poly(siloxanes)
VI/334
poly(vinyls)
VI/353
entropy of polymerization
II/392
glass transition temperature
VI/196
heat of polymerization
VI/377
VI/252
II/380
VI/401
metallocene-catalyzed
II/329
nomenclature
I/2
I/10
II/490
VII/751
VII/58
VII/65
VII/27
VII/42
Cowie-Bywater procedure
VII/241
Critical pressure, and cohesive energy density
VII/680
Cross fractionation
VII/332
Crosslinking:
and glass transition temperature
VI/196
with thermal degradation
II/350
Crystal growth rates:

poly(alkenes)
VI/291
poly(dienes)
VI/291
poly(oxides)
VI/300
poly(vinyls)
VI/291
Crystal habit
VI/194
Crystallinity, and glass transition temperature
VI/196
Crystallization
VI/280
blends
VI/280
cocrystallization
VI/280
composites
VI/389
VI/287
IX/8
Index terms
Links
Crystallization (Continued)
computer simulation
VI/290
epitaxial
VI/289
flow-induced
VI/289
kinetics
VI/282
lamellar structure growth kinetics
VI/284
mesophases
VI/282
nonisothermal
VI/286
orientational
VI/289
pressure-induced
VI/288
solvent-induced
VI/288
thermodynamics
VI/284
Crystallization analysis fractionation
VII/330
Crystallization rates:
composites
VI/389
VI/385
poly(alkenes)
VI/341
poly(amides)
VI/379
poly(carbonates)
VI/372
poly(dienes)
VI/341
poly(esters)
VI/373
poly(oxides)
VI/365
poly(phosphazenes)
VI/384
poly(siloxanes)
VI/384
poly(urethanes)
VI/383
poly(vinyls)
VI/341
crystal growth rates

poly(alkenes)
VI/291
poly(dienes)
VI/291
poly(oxides)
VI/300
poly(vinyls)
VI/291
radial spherulite growth rates

VI/336
poly(alkenes)
VI/304
poly(amides)
VI/331
poly(carbonates)
VI/326
poly(dienes)
VI/304
poly(esters)
VI/327
poly(oxides)
VI/315
poly(siloxanes)
VI/334
poly(vinyls)
VI/304
VI/288
IX/9
Index terms
Links
Crystallization rates: (Continued)

study principles/techniques
VI/282
Crystallographic data:
VI/64
poly(amides)
VI/33
poly(aromatics)
VI/15
poly(dienes)
VI/22
poly(diynes)
VI/22
poly(esters)
VI/40
poly(ethers)
VI/51
poly(imides)
VI/15
poly(olefins)
VI/6
poly(oxides)
VI/52
poly(peptides)
VI/26
poly(saccharides)
VI/59
poly(sulfides)
VI/57
poly(sulfones)
VI/57
poly(ureas)
VI/49
poly(urethanes)
VI/49
poly(vinylidenes)
VI/13
poly(vinyls)
VI/13
Cumulative volume of precipitate
VII/328
Current Contents
VIII/29
Cyclic formaldehyde-thioformaldehyde oligomers
IV/62
Cyclic oligo(alkynes)
IV/20
Cyclic oligo(ethersulfides)
IV/63
Cyclic oligo(heterocyclics)
IV/99
Cyclic oligo(selenomethylenes)
IV/62
Cyclic oligo(thioalkylenes)
IV/62
Cyclic oligo(thioethylenes), substituted
IV/62
Cyclic oligo(thiomethylenes)
IV/62
Cyclic oligo(xylylenes)
IV/90
Cyclic phenol-formaldehyde oligomers
IV/94
1,3-Cyclohexadiene oligomers
IV/17
Cyclopentadiene oligomers
IV/17
D
Data block 1, ISO codes for
VIII/19
VIII/20
VIII/20
VIII/20
IX/10
Index terms
Links
VIII/21
Decomposition rates, free radical initiators
II/1
acyl peroxides
II/29
alkyl peroxides
II/23
azo derivatives
II/9
azonitriles
II/2
hydroperoxides
II/43
ketone peroxides
II/43
miscellaneous initiators
II/67
peresters
II/48
peroxy carbonates
II/48
Demixing solvents
VII/329
Dendrimers, solvent-nonsolvent tables
VII/534
Density:
conversion factors
I/14
VI/194
isorefractive and isopycnic solvent pairs
III/43

poly(amides)
VI/33
poly(aromatics)
VI/15
poly(dienes)
VI/22
poly(diynes)
VI/22
poly(esters)
VI/40
poly(ethers)
VI/51
poly(imides)
VI/15
polymer solvents
III/59
poly(olefins)
VI/6
poly(oxides)
VI/52
poly(peptides)
VI/26
poly(saccharides)
VI/59
poly(sulfides)
VI/57
poly(sulfones)
VI/57
poly(ureas)
VI/49
poly(urethanes)
VI/49
poly(vinylidenes)
VI/13
poly(vinyls)
VI/13
SI units
I/13
Density gradient technique
VII/333
Description block, ISO codes
VIII/19
Dianhydride monomers, physical properties

Dielectric coefficients, and glass transition temperature
III/24
VI/194
II/415
IX/11
Index terms
Links
Dielectric thermal analysis, for glass transition temperature measurement
VI/196
Diene monomers:
II/416
II/79
Diene oligomers
IV/14
Diepoxide monomers, physical properties
III/26
Differential heat of dilution
VII/650
Differential heat of solution
VII/650
Diffusion, and glass transition temperature
VI/194
Diffusion coefficient:
alkanes through Santoprene TM
VI/566
cellulose and derivatives
VI/561
esters through poly(epichlorohydrin)
VI/567
fluorinated polymers
VI/552
inorganic polymers
VII/141
molar mass averages determined from
VII/89
poly(acrylics)
VII/96
poly(alkanes)
VI/545
poly(alkenes)
VII/92
poly(amides)
VI/559
poly(aryl ether ether ketone)
VI/561
poly(carbonates)
VI/555
VII/134
poly(dienes)
VI/553
VII/165
poly(esters)
VI/555
VII/134
poly(ethers)
VII/134
poly(imides)
VI/559
poly(methacrylates)
VI/548
poly(nitriles)
VI/549
poly(nucleotides)
VII/137
VII/157
poly(oxides)
VI/555
poly(saccharides)
VII/144
poly(siloxanes)
VI/558
poly(styrenes)
VI/547
poly(sulfones)
VI/560
poly(ureas)
VII/109
VII/137
poly(urethanes)
VI/560
VII/137
poly(vinyls)
VI/549
VII/105
poly(xylylenes)
VI/555
proteins
VII/157
theory
VII/87
various compounds through high-density poly(ethylene)
VI/564
various compounds through high-density poly(propylene)
VI/564
IX/12
Index terms
Links
Diffusion coefficient-molecular weight relationship, polymolecularity correction factors
VII/229
Diffusion fractionation
VII/333
Dilatometry, for glass transition temperature determination
VI/194
Diluents, and glass transition temperature
VI/197
DIN codes
VIII/19
Diphenyliodonium salts, electron transfer reaction of radicals with

Dipole moments in solution
VI/195
II/176
VII/637
and cohesive energy density
VII/680
poly(acrylics)
VII/643
poly(carbonates)
VII/641
poly(dienes)
VII/644
poly(esters)
VII/640
poly(ethers)
VII/638
poly(itaconates)
VII/644
poly(methacrylics)
VII/644
poly(oxides)
VII/638
poly(sulfides)
VII/639
poly(thioethers)
VII/639
poly(vinyls)
VII/642
silicon polymers
VII/645
styrene copolymers
VII/645
Direct extraction
VII/329
Dosimetry
VI/584
Double-strand organic polymer nomenclature
I/6
E
Elastomers
V/161
VIII/21
permeability of gases through
VI/566
physical constants
V/168
VI/586
Electrical conductivity, SI units
I/13
Electrical resistance, SI units
I/13
Electron microscope counting method
VII/333
Electron transfer rate constants, photopolymerization
II/170
Electron transfer reaction, radicals with diphenyliodonium salts
II/176
Empirical 3-parameter equations of state
VI/593
Energy:
conversion factors
I/16
SI units
I/13
Engineered Materials
VIII/29
II/177
IX/13
Index terms
Links
Engineering Index
VIII/29
VIII/30
Engineering Materials Abstract search
VIII/29
VIII/30
Engineering thermoplastics
V/166
English-American unit conversions
I/17
Entropy, SI units
I/13
Entropy of polymerization:
copolymers
II/392
monomers giving main-chain carbon polymers
II/382
monomers giving main-chain heteroatom polymers
II/387
Entropy of solution
VII/649
VII/662
main-chain acyclic heteroatom polymers
VII/659
main-chain acyclic polymers
VII/650
poly(acrylics)
VII/654
poly(alkenes)
VII/651
poly(amides)
VII/661
poly(dienes)
VII/650
poly(esters)
VII/659
poly(oxides
VII/659
poly(siloxanes)
VII/661
poly(styrenes)
VII/655
poly(vinyls)
VII/655
Epitaxial crystallization
VI/289
Epoxide monomers, physical properties
III/26
Epoxy resins:
interfacial tension with other polymers
VI/539
surface properties
VI/530
Equations of state
VI/591
AHS + vdW equation of state
VI/600
Flory-Orwell-Vrij equation of state
VI/59
Hartmann-Haque equation of state
VI/597
Sanchez-Cho equation of state
VI/597
Sanchez-Lacombe equation of state
VI/600
Simha-Somcynsky equation of state
VI/599
simple cell model equation of state
VI/598
continuum models
VI/594
isothermal compressibility equations
VI/592
lattice models
VI/593
3-parameter equations
VI/593
Equilibrium monomer concentration:

copolymers
II/401
IX/14
Index terms
Links
Equilibrium monomer concentration: (Continued)

gaseous monomer
II/397
monomers in solution
II/398
pure liquid monomer
II/394
Equilibrium polymerization
II/347
Esters:
permeability though poly(epichlorohydrin)
VI/567
VII/699
Ether diol monomers, physical properties

Ethers, solubility parameter
III/18
VII/699
Ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers
V/160
Ethylene copolymers, radiation chemical yield
II/490
Ethylene halide monomers, physical properties
III/28
Ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymers
V/159
Ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymers
V/161
physical constants
V/6
Ethylene-styrene interpolymers
V/160
Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers
V/160
Ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers
V/160
e values:
monomers
II/310
monomers by e values
II/317
pressure effects
II/440
telogens
II/314
Excitation transfer rate constants, thioxanthones and photoinitiators
II/178
Extending fillers, ISO codes for
VIII/20
Extraction
VII/329
F
Field How fractionation
VII/331
Fillers, ISO codes for
VIII/20
Film extraction
VII/329
First-order Markov mechanism
II/445
metallocene-catalyzed copolymerization
II/330
Flash point:
polymer solvents, most common
Flexible poly(vinyl chloride)
III/59
V/159
Flory-Huggins interaction parameter, see Polymer-solvent interaction parameter

Flory-Huggins lattice theory
VI/288
II/449
IX/15
Index terms
Links
Flory-Orwoll-Vrij equation of state
VI/594
VI/599
Flow-induced crystallization
VI/289
Fluorocarbon surfaces
VI/524
Fluoropolymers:
VI/552
VI/562
VI/552
VI/562
physical constants
V/31
II/488
VI/552
VI/562
Force:
conversion factors
I/15
SI units
I/13
Formaldehyde resins:
VII/397
VII/523
Formaldehyde-thioformaldehyde cyclic co-oligomers

Formula index table
IV/62
VI/113
Formula weight, see Molecular weight

Fox-Flory relationship
VII/235
Fractional crystallization
VII/329
Fractional precipitation
VII/328
Fractionation
VII/327
by chromatography
VII/330
cross fractionation
VII/332
by diffusion
VII/333
electron microscope counting method
VII/333
by sedimentation
VII/333
by solubility
VII/328
by ultrafiltration
VII/333
by zone melting
VII/333
Fractionation systems:
blends
VII/395
VII/438
copolymers, block
VII/382
VII/427
copolymers, graft
VII/389
VII/430
VII/438
copolymers, random and alternating
VII/366
formaldehyde resins
VII/397
VII/333
main-chain carbocyclic polymers
VII/397
main-chain heteroatom polymers
VII/398
poly(acrylic acids)
VII/344
VII/425
VII/351
IX/16
Index terms
Links
Fractionation systems: (Continued)

poly(alkenes)
VII/336
poly(amides)
VII/411
poly(amino acids)
VII/414
poly(carbonates)
VII/404
poly(dienes)
VII/333
poly(esters)
VII/405
poly(imines)
VII/411
poly(methacrylic acids)
VII/346
poly(oxides)
VII/398
poly(phenylenes)
VII/397
poly(phosphazenes)
VII/422
poly(saccharides)
VII/431
poly(silanes)
VII/418
poly(siloxanes)
VII/418
poly(styrenes)
VII/356
poly(sulfides)
VII/416
poly(sulfonamides)
VII/416
poly(sulfones)
VII/416
poly(ureas)
VII/410
poly(urethanes)
VII/410
poly(vinyl alcohol)
VII/353
poly(vinyl esters)
VII/355
poly(vinyl ethers)
VII/353
poly(vinyl ketones)
VII/353
poly(vinyl nitriles)
VII/353
Free radical copolymerization
II/181
activation volumes
II/439
e values
monomers
II/310
monomers by e values
II/317
pressure effects
II/440
telogens
II/314
pressure effects
II/437
Q values
monomers
II/310
monomers by Q values
II/314
pressure effects
II/440
telogens
II/314
reactivity pattern scheme
II/321
monomer parameters
II/323
transfer agent parameters
II/326
IX/17
Index terms
Links
Free radical copolymerization (Continued)

transfer constant prediction
II/322
reactivity ratios
II/182
Quick Basic program for calculating
II/288
terpolymerization
II/438
Free radical initiators:

active volumes
II/435
decomposition rates, see Decomposition rates, free radical initiators

half life
II/2
photoinitiators
II/169
II/106
Free radical polymerization
II/77
See also Free radical copolymerization

activation energies, Initiator decomposition
activation volumes
II/1
II/429
initiator decomposition rates
II/1
photopolymerization
II/169
propagation constants
II/79
stereocontrol activation enthalpies/entropies
II/445
temperature dependence
II/415
termination constants
II/79
transfer constants
to catalysts and initiators
II/106
to monomers
II/98
to polymers
II/103
to solvents and additives
II/110
to sulfur compounds
II/150
transfer reaction
II/97
Frequency, SI units
I/13
Frequency function
II/352
Frictional ratio:
inorganic polymers
VII/141
poly(acrylics)
VII/96
poly(alkenes)
VII/92
poly(amides)
VII/137
poly(carbonates)
VII/134
poly(dienes)
VII/165
poly(esters)
VII/134
poly(ethers)
VII/134
poly(nucleotides)
VII/157
poly(saccharides)
VII/144
poly(styrenes)
VII/109
IX/18
Index terms
Links
Frictional ratio: (Continued)

poly(ureas)
VII/137
poly(urethanes)
VII/137
poly(vinyls)
VII/105
proteins
VII/157
theory
VII/89
Fumaric monomers:
physical properties of acids/esters
III/30
II/87
G
G, see Crystal growth rates; Spherulite growth rates
Gamma function values
VII/223
Gaussian molecular weight distribution
II/352
Gelation
VII/765
Gelation properties, selected polymers
VII/765
Gel permeation chromatography
VII/330
Generalized exponential molecular weight distribution

Generalized Flory model
II/354
VI/595
General purpose poly(styrene)
V/160
Gladstone-Dale equation
VI/571
Glass transition temperature:

carbohydrates
VI/243
copolymers
VI/196
defined
VI/194
estimation methods
VI/197
factors affecting
VI/196
liquid crystals
VI/244
main-chain acyclic carbon polymers
VI/198
VI/219
VI/218
main-chain heterocyclic polymers
VI/243
measurement methods
VI/195
natural polymers
VI/244
nitroso-polymers
VI/231
as nonequilibrium transition
VI/194
poly(acetals)
VI/244
poly(acrylamides)
VI/201
poly(acrylic acid esters)
VI/198
poly(acrylic acids)
VI/198
poly(acrylics)
VI/198
poly(alkenes)
VI/205
VI/252
IX/19
Index terms
Links
Glass transition temperature: (Continued)

poly(amides)
VI/235
poly(anilines)
VI/241
poly(benzimidazoles)
VI/245
poly(benzothiazinophenothiazines)
VI/245
poly(benzothiazoles)
VI/245
poly(benzoxazines)
VI/245
poly(benzoxazoles)
VI/245
poly(carbonates)
VI/219
poly(carboranes)
VI/245
poly(dibenzofurans)
VI/246
poly(dienes)
VI/207
poly(dioxoisoindolines)
VI/246
poly(esters)
VI/221
poly(ether ketones)
VI/226
poly(fluoresceins)
VI/247
poly(furan tetracarboxylic acid diimides)
VI/247
poly(imides)
VI/241
poly(imines)
VI/241
poly(methacrylamides)
VI/205
poly(methacrylic acid esters)
VI/201
VI/201
poly(methacrylics)
VI/198
poly(oxabicyclononanes)
VI/247
poly(oxadiazoles)
VI/248
poly(oxides)
VI/226
poly(oxindoles)
VI/248
poly(oxoisoindolines)
VI/248
poly(phenylenes)
VI/218
poly(phosphazenes)
VI/242
poly(phthalazines)
VI/248
poly(phthalides)
VI/248
poly(piperazines)
VI/248
poly(piperidines)
VI/249
poly(pyrazinoquinoxalines)
VI/249
poly(pyrazoles)
VI/249
poly(pyridazines)
VI/249
poly(pyridines)
VI/249
poly(pyromellitimides)
VI/249
poly(pyrrolidines)
VI/250
poly(quinones)
VI/250
poly(quinoxalines)
VI/250
IX/20
Index terms
Links
Glass transition temperature: (Continued)

poly(silanes)
VI/243
poly(silazanes)
VI/243
poly(siloxanes)
VI/231
poly(styrenes)
VI/209
poly(sulfides)
VI/233
poly(sulfonamides)
VI/234
poly(sulfonates)
VI/233
poly(sulfones)
VI/234
poly(thioesters)
VI/235
poly(triazines)
VI/252
poly(triazoles)
VI/252
poly(ureas)
VI/242
poly(urethanes)
VI/229
poly(vinyl alcohols)
VI/212
poly(vinyl esters)
VI/213
poly(vinyl ethers)
VI/214
poly(vinyl halides)
VI/215
poly(vinyl ketones)
VI/212
VI/215
poly(vinyl thioethers)
VI/214
and surface tension
VI/522
Glassy polymers
VI/194
Graft copolymers:
VII/389
VII/430
VII/438
VII/751
Gutta percha, solvent-nonsolvent tables
VII/529
G values, see Radiation chemical yield
H
Halogenated hydrocarbons:
VII/698
surface properties of polymers
VI/525
Hansen parameter
VII/677
Hard sphere chain models
VI/592
Hartmann-Haque equation of state
VI/592
VI/597
Heat:
conversion factors
I/16
SI units
I/13
VI/593
IX/21
Index terms
Links
Heat capacity:
conversion factors
I/16
data tables for specific polymers
VI/486
defined
VI/483
experimental curves
VI/485
SI units
I/13
Heat of fusion:
poly(amides)
VI/33
poly(aromatics)
VI/15
poly(dienes)
VI/22
poly(diynes)
VI/22
poly(esters)
VI/40
poly(ethers)
VI/51
poly(imides)
VI/15
poly(olefins)
VI/6
poly(oxides)
VI/52
poly(peptides)
VI/26
poly(saccharides)
VI/59
poly(sulfides)
VI/57
poly(sulfones)
VI/57
poly(ureas)
VI/49
poly(urethanes)
VI/49
poly(vinylidenes)
VI/13
poly(vinyls)
VI/13
Heat of polymerization:
copolymers
II/380
monomers giving main-chain carbon polymers
II/365
monomers giving main-chain heteroatom polymers
II/373
Heat of solution
VII/649
VII/662
common polymers
VII/671
VII/659
VII/650
VII/659
poly(acrylics)
VII/654
poly(alkenes)
VII/651
poly(amides)
VII/661
poly(dienes)
VII/650
poly(esters)
VII/659
poly(oxides)
VII/659
poly(siloxanes)
VII/661
poly(styrenes)
VII/655
VII/663
IX/22
Index terms
Links
Heat of solution (Continued)

poly(vinyls)
VII/655
Heterocyclic oligomers
IV/99
Hexose oligomers
IV/102
High density poly(ethylene)
V/160
High impact poly(styrene)
V/160
Hildebrand parameter, see Solubility parameter

Hoffman-Lauritzen spherulite growth equation
VI/285
Hole models
VI/592
Homologous oligomers
VI/594
IV/2
Homopolymer nomenclature
I/2
Hoys system
VII/687
Huggins constant:
VII/282
defined
VII/265
poly(acrylic acids)
VII/268
poly(alkenes)
VII/266
poly(amides)
VII/279
poly(dienes)
VII/266
poly(esters)
VII/278
VII/268
poly(oxides)
VII/277
poly(saccharides)
VII/282
poly(vinyls)
VII/272
Hydrocarbon polymers:
VI/535
surface properties
VI/524
Hydrocarbon surfaces
VI/524
Hydrodynamic chromatography
VII/332
Hydroperoxide initiators, decomposition rates

Hydroquinone oligomers
II/43
IV/95
I
Immiscible solvent partitioning
VII/329
Indexing, CAS Registry Numbers
VIII/25
Index of refraction, see Refractive index

Individual item block, ISO codes
VIII/19
Initiators, free radical, see Free radical initiators

Inorganic fibers
VIII/24
Inorganic polymers:
VII/137
VI/533
IX/23
Index terms
Links
Inorganic polymers: (Continued)

frictional ratios
VII/137
partial specific volumes
VII/137
second virial coefficients
VII/192
sedimentation coefficients
VII/137
VII/532
Integral heat of dilution
VII/650
Integral heat of solution
VII/649
Interchange energy density
VII/678
Interfacial tension
VI/521
VI/523
See also Surface tension

epoxy resins vs. others
VI/539
hydrocarbon polymers vs. others
VI/535
VI/540
poly(acrylics) vs. others
VI/538
poly(amides) vs. others
VI/539
poly(esters) vs. others
VI/539
poly(ethers) vs. others
VI/539
poly(methacrylics) vs. others
VI/538
poly(siloxanes) vs. others
VI/539
poly(styrenes) vs. others
VI/537
poly(vinyls) vs. others
VI/537
International System of Units (SI)

International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) nomenclature
Intrinsic birefringence
I/13
I/1
VI/573
Intrinsic viscosity
VII/2
Ion-exchange chromatography
VII/332
Irregular polymer nomenclature
I/7
ISO codes
VIII/19
Isocyanate monomers, physical properties
III/30
Isomorphism
VI/287
Isomorphous polymer pairs
VI/399
Isoprene oligomers
IV/15
Isopycnic solvent pairs
III/43
Isopycnic solvents
III/43
Isorefractive solvent pairs
III/43
Isorefractive solvents
III/43
Isotactic polymers
VI/6
Isothermal compressibility equations
VI/592
Isothermal crystallization
VI/281
VI/399
IX/24
Index terms
Links
Itaconic derivatives:
dipole moments in solution
VII/644
IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) nomenclature
II/85
I/1
K
Kauri butanol values, and cohesive energy density
VII/680
kD see Decomposition rates, free radical initiators

Kelen-Tudos method
II/181
Quick Basic program for implementing

Ketone peroxide initiators, decomposition rates
II/288
II/43
Ketones:
light stabilizer interactions
II/179
VII/699
kP, see Propagation constants

kT, see Termination constants
L
Lactam monomers, physical properties
III/32
Lactone monomers, physical properties
III/32
Lamellae
VI/281
growth kinetics
VI/284
Lattice fluid model
VI/594
Lattice models
VI/593
Length:
conversion factors
I/14
SI units
I/13
Light stabilizers
II/169
ketone interactions
II/179
Linear acetylene oligomers
IV/19
Linear low density poly(ethylene)
V/160
Linear oligo(xylylenes)
IV/90
Linear phenol-formaldehyde oligomers
IV/92
Liquid crystals
VI/280
VI/244
Logarithmic normal molecular weight distribution

Lorentz-Lorentz equation
II/353
VI/571
Low density poly(ethylene)
V/160
Lyotropic phases
VI/280
VII/678
IX/25
Index terms
Links
M
Macleod exponent:
VI/533
epoxy resins
VI/530
halogenated hydrocarbon polymers
VI/525
hydrocarbon polymers
VI/524
methacrylic hydrogels
VI/527
VI/533
organosilanes
VI/532
phenoxy resins
VI/530
poly(acrylics)
VI/526
poly(amides)
VI/530
poly(carbonates)
VI/530
poly(esters)
VI/529
poly(ethers)
VI/528
poly(imides)
VI/531
poly(imines)
VI/531
poly(methacrylics)
VI/527
poly(peptides)
VI/533
poly(siloxanes)
VI/531
poly(styrenes)
VI/525
poly(sulfones)
VI/530
poly(urethanes)
VI/531
poly(vinyl esters)
VI/526
poly(vinyls)
VI/526
Macleods relation
VI/522
Macromolecular assembly nomenclature

Macromolecular isomorphism
I/3
VI/405
Main-chain acyclic carbon polymers:

II/394
II/382
VII/333
VI/198

VII/650
II/365
oligomer physical constants
IV/3
optically active polymers from achiral monomers
VII/733
optically active polymers from chiral monomers
VII/716
VII/746
VII/702
VII/499
VII/551
II/398
IX/26
Index terms
Links
Main-chain acyclic carbon polymers: (Continued)

thermal degradation
II/451
VII/47
VII/5
Main-chain acyclic heteroatom polymers:

II/395
II/387
VII/398
VI/219
VII/659
II/373
IV/33
optically active polymers from achiral monomers
VII/737
optically active polymers from chiral monomers
VII/723
VII/752
VII/708
VII/511
VII/594
thermal degradation
II/465
VII/60
VII/32
Main-chain carbocyclic polymers:

VII/397
VI/218
IV/90
VII/752
VII/509
VII/594
thermal degradation
II/464
VII/47
VII/31
Main-chain carbonyl polymers, solvent-nonsolvent tables
VII/510
Main-chain heterocyclic polymers:

VI/243
IV/99
polymerizability
II/401
VII/756
VII/523
VII/608
thermal degradation
II/473
Maleic anhydride copolymers:

VII/65
II/399
IX/27
Index terms
Links
Maleic anhydride copolymers: (Continued)

VII/42
Maleic monomers, acids/esters, physical properties
III/32
Mark-Houwink-Sakurada equation
VII/2
Markov first-order mechanism, see First-order Markov mechanism

Markov second-order mechanism, see Second-order Markov mechanism
Mass:
conversion factors
I/14
SI units
I/13
Mayo-Lewis equation
II/329
Mean-square end-to-end distance, Interconversion of different averages
VII/236
Mean-square radius of gyration, Interconversion of different averages
VII/236
Mean-square radius of gyration-molecular weight relationship
VII/232
Mechanical properties, and glass transition temperature
II/331
VI/194
Melting point:
poly(amides)
VI/33
poly(aromatics)
VI/15
poly(dienes)
VI/22
poly(diynes)
VI/22
poly(esters)
VI/40
poly(ethers)
VI/51
poly(imides)
VI/15
polymers
VI/71
polymer solvents
III/59
poly(olefins)
VI/6
poly(oxides)
VI/52
poly(peptides)
VI/26
poly(saccharides)
VI/59
poly(sulfides)
VI/57
poly(sulfones)
VI/57
poly(ureas)
VI/49
poly(urethanes)
VI/49
poly(vinylidenes)
VI/13
poly(vinyls)
VI/13
Melting temperature
VI/194
See also Glass transition temperature

Memory
VI/195
Mesophases:
crystallization
VI/282
VI/288
IX/28
Index terms
Links
Mesophases: (Continued)
polydisperse high-molecular-weight polymeric
Metallocene-catalyzed copolymerization
Methacrylamide monomers, physical constants
Methacrylate monomers, physical properties
Methacrylic hydrogels, surface properties
Methacrylic monomers, propagation/termination activation energies
VI/280
II/329
III/6
III/12
VI/527
II/418
Methacrylic polymers, see Poly(methacrylic acid) and derivatives

Methyl methacrylate copolymers, radiation chemical yield
Miscibility
II/490
VII/676
polymer-polymer guidelines
VII/679
polymer-solvent guidelines
VII/678
Miscible polymers
VI/409
polymer pairs
chemically dissimilar
VI/411
having both lower and upper critical solution temperatures
VI/458
having lower critical solution temperature above room temperature
VI/454
high temperature miscible
VI/450
molecular weight dependence
VI/450
with one monomer in common
VI/411
polymer triads/tetrads, chemically dissimilar
VI/448
Molar refraction
VI/571
Molecular formula
VIII/25
Molecular Nucleation model
VI/286
Molecular weight, see also Viscosity-molecular weight relationship

crystallizable polymers
VI/71
dispersion, and scattering
VII/631
VI/197

and polymer miscibility
VI/450
and polymer-solvent interaction parameter

polymer solvents
VII/250
III/59
and surface tension
VI/522
Molecular weight distribution:

condensation polymers
II/354
generalized exponential distribution
II/354
logarithmic normal distribution
II/353
normal (Gaussian) distribution
II/353
Poisson distribution
II/354
and reactor conditions/design
II/352
IX/29
Index terms
Links
Molecular weight distribution: (Continued)

Stockmayer distribution
II/354
and viscosity constant
VII/5
Monoanhydride monomers, physical properties

Monodisperse oligomers
III/20
IV/2
Monoepoxide monomers, physical properties
III/26
Monomer physical constants:

acetylene monomers
III/4
acid dichloride monomers
III/4
acrolein monomers
III/4
acrylamide monomers
III/4
acrylate monomers, acids/esters
III/8
alcohol monomers
III/16
alkanediol monomers
III/16
allyl functional monomers
III/18
amine monomers, difunctional
III/20
anhydride monomers
III/20
1,2-butadiene monomers
III/24
1,3-butadiene monomers
III/24
butene monomers
III/26
dianhydride monomers
III/24
diepoxide monomers
III/26
epoxide monomers
III/26
ether diol monomers
III/18
ethylene halide monomers
III/28
fumaric monomers, acids/esters
III/30
isocyanate monomers
III/30
lactam monomers
III/32
lactone monomers
III/32
maleic monomers, acids/esters
III/32
methacrylamide monomers
III/6
methacrylate monomers, acids/esters
III/12
monoanhydride monomers
III/20
monoepoxide monomers
III/26
propene monomers
III/32
styrene monomers
III/34
vinyl monomers
III/36
Monomer quenching rate constants, photopolymerization
II/170
Monomer reactivity ratios, free radical copolymerization
II/182

Monomers
II/288
III/1
See also Monomer physical constants; specific Monomers

II/177
IX/30
Index terms
Links
Monomers (Continued)
bimolecular rate constants, photopolymerization
II/176
CAS Registry Number search example
VIII/26
compensation temperatures/enthalpies
II/449
e values
II/310
II/317
VI/399
II/415
Q values
II/310
reactivity pattern parameters
II/323
II/98
N
National Technical Information Service
VIII/29
Natural cellulose fibers
VIII/23
Natural polymers:
VI/244
VII/528
Natural protein fibers
VIII/22
Natural rubber:
physical constants
V/5
VII/528
Nitrogen-containing compounds, solubility parameter
VII/700
Nitroso-polymers, glass transition temperature
VI/231
Nomenclature
VIII/25
See also CAS Registry Numbers

Chemical Abstracts index names
I/8
common and systematic names
I/8
crystallizable polymers
VI/2
polymer classes
I/111
source-based
I/2
VI/2
structure-based
I/3
VI/3
Non-classical cross fractionation
VII/332
Nonisothermal crystallization
VI/286
Nonlinear macromolecule nomenclature

Nonlinear polymerization
I/3
II/348
Nonsolvents, see Solvent-nonsolvent tables

Normal molecular weight distribution
II/353
Normal-phase liquid chromatography
VII/330
Nucleation
VI/281
Nylon 6:
heat capacity
VI/511
IX/31
Index terms
Links
Nylon 6: (Continued)
physical constants
V/121
Nylon 12, physical constants
V/121
Nylon 66
V/161
heat capacity
VI/512
physical constants
V/121
Nylon 610, physical constants
V/121
Nylon 612, heat capacity
VI/512
Nylons
V/161
heat capacity
VI/486
physical constants
V/121
O
Olefin monomers:
Olefin oligomers
II/416
II/79
IV/3
Oligo(acetals)
IV/33
Oligo(acteylenes)
IV/19
1,4-Oligo(alkadienes)
IV/16
Oligo(1-alkenylenes)
IV/9
Oligo(alkynes)
IV/20
Oligo(amides)
IV/64
Oligo(benzyls)
IV/91
Oligo(carbonates)
IV/47
Oligo(cyclopentylenes)
IV/90
Oligo(dienes)
IV/14
Oligo(diphenylmethanes)
IV/91
Oligo(esters)
IV/48
Oligo(ethers)
IV/33
Oligo(ethylenes)
IV/3
Oligo(furans)
IV/99
Oligo(imines)
IV/88
Oligo(isobutenes)
IV/8
Oligomeric --diynes
IV/20
Oligomer physical constants:

with aliphatic side chains with heteroatoms
with main-chain acyclic carbon only
IV/22
IV/3
with main-chain cyclic units
IV/90
with main-chain heteroatoms
IV/33
with main-chain heterocyclic rings
IV/99
IX/32
Index terms
Links
Oligomers
IV/2
Oligo(methylenes)
IV/3
Oligo(olefins)
IV/3
Oligo(peptides)
IV/72
Oligo(perfluoroethylenes)
IV/6
Oligo(perfluoromethylenes)
IV/6
Oligo(p-phenoxy phenylmethanes)
IV/91
Oligo(p-phenylene oxides)
IV/91
Oligo(phenylenes)
IV/96
Oligo(p-phenylene sulfides)
IV/91
Oligo(pyridines)
IV/99
Oligo(pyrroles)
IV/99
Oligo(p-quinones)
IV/98
Oligo(saccharides)
IV/101
Oligo(selenides)
IV/62
Oligo(spiranes)
IV/90
Oligo(stilbenes)
IV/91
Oligo(styrenes)
IV/30
Oligo(sulfides)
IV/62
Oligo(thiophenes)
IV/99
Oligo(ureas)
IV/89
Oligo(urethanes)
IV/58
Oligo(vinyl) derivatives
IV/26
Oligo(xylylenes)
IV/90
Optical anisotropy
IV/27
VI/572
Optically active polymers:

achiral monomers
VII/733
chiral monomers
VII/716

achiral monomers
VII/737
chiral monomers
VII/723

achiral monomers
VII/733
chiral monomers
VII/716
poly(acrylics)
VII/716
poly(alkenes)
VII/716
poly(alkynes)
VII/721
poly(amides)
VII/726
poly(amino acids)
VII/729
poly(carbazoles)
VII/719
poly(dienes)
VII/720
VII/733
VII/735
IX/33
Index terms
Links
Optically active polymers: (Continued)

poly(esters)
VII/724
poly(imines)
VII/728
poly(isocyanates)
VII/728
VII/738
poly(isonitriles)
VII/720
VII/736
poly(maleimides)
VII/722
VII/736
poly(methacrylics)
VII/717
VII/734
poly(oxides)
VII/723
VII/737
poly(saccharides)
VII/732
poly(styrenes)
VII/719
VII/735
poly(sulfides)
VII/725
VII/737
poly(thioesters)
VII/725
poly(ureas)
VII/725
poly(urethanes)
VII/725
poly(vinyl esters)
VII/718
poly(vinyl ethers)
VII/718
poly(vinyl ketones)
VII/718
Organic free radical initiators, see Free radical initiators

Organic pigments, surface properties
VI/534
Organosilanes, surface properties
VI/532
Orientational crystallization
VI/289
Orthogonal chromatography
VII/332
Oscillating load methods, of glass transition temperature measurement
VI/196
P
Paraffinic hydrocarbons, solubility parameter
VII/698
Partial heat of dilution
VII/650
Partial heat of solution
VII/650
Partial specific volume:

inorganic polymers
VII/141
poly(acrylics)
VII/96
poly(alkenes)
VII/92
poly(amides)
VII/137
poly(carbonates)
VII/134
poly(dienes)
VII/165
poly(esters)
VII/134
poly(ethers)
VII/134
poly(nucleotides)
VII/157
poly(saccharides)
VII/144
poly(styrenes)
VII/109
poly(ureas)
VII/137
poly(urethanes)
VII/137
VII/735
IX/34
Index terms
Links
Partial specific volume: (Continued)

poly(vinyls)
VII/105
proteins
VII/157
theory
VII/89
Particle scattering factors
VII/629
Partition chromatography
VII/331
Partition function
VI/591
Patterns A,S scheme
II/322
Patterns of reactivity scheme
II/321
monomer parameters
II/323
II/326
II/322
Patterns U,V scheme
II/322
Pentose oligomers
IV/102
Perester initiators, decomposition rates
II/48
Pericyclynes
IV/21
Permeability
VI/543
Permeability coefficient
VI/543
VI/566
VI/561
conversion factors for
VI/545
VI/567
VI/552
gases through elastomers
VI/566
poly(alkanes)
VI/545
poly(amides)
VI/559
VI/561
poly(carbonates)
VI/555
poly(dienes)
VI/553
poly(esters)
VI/555
poly(imides)
VI/559
poly(methacrylates)
VI/548
poly(nitriles)
VI/549
poly(oxides)
VI/555
poly(siloxanes)
VI/558
poly(styrenes)
VI/547
poly(sulfones)
VI/560
poly(urethanes)
VI/560
poly(vinyls)
VI/549
poly(xylylenes)
VI/555
various compounds through chemically crosslinked poly(oxypropylene)
VI/565
various compounds through high-density poly(ethylene)
VI/564
VI/562
IX/35
Index terms
Links
Permeability coefficient (Continued)

various compounds through high-density poly(propylene)
VI/564
various compounds through low-density poly(ethylene)
VI/562
various compounds through low-density poly(ethylene), Irradiation crosslinked
VI/564
Peroxy carbonate initiators, decomposition rates
II/48
Phase distribution chromatography
VII/331
Phase equilibrium, and theta solvent determination
VII/293
Phenol alcohol oligomers
IV/93
Phenol formaldehyde oligomers
IV/92
Phenols, solubility parameter
VII/701
Phenoxy resins, surface properties
VI/530
Phosphonyl radicals
II/176
Phosphorus-containing polymers, thermal degradation
II/472
Phosphorus-oxygen chains, theta solvents
VII/318
Photo-induced polymerization
II/169
Photoinitiators
II/169
compound chemistries
II/173
Photopolymerization
II/169
Photosensitizes
II/169
Physical constants, see also specific Physical constants

V/135
fluoropolymers
V/31

poly(acrylonitrile)
V/59
poly(amides)
V/121
poly(ethylenes)
V/9
polyethylene terephthalate)
V/113
polymer solvents
III/59
V/87
poly(oxyethylene-oxyterephthaloyl)
poly(oxymethylene)
V/113
V/97
poly(oxytetramethylene-oxyterephthaloyl)
V/119
poly(propylenes)
V/21
poly(styrenes)
V/91
poly(vinyl acetate)
V/77
poly(vinyl chloride)
V/67
rubbery polymers
V/1
selected important polymers
V/159
Pigments, surface properties
VI/534
Plasticizers, surface properties
VI/534
IX/36
Index terms
Links
Plastics recycling, SPI codes
VIII/21
Poisson molecular weight distribution
II/354
Polarity:
VI/533
epoxy resins
VI/530
VI/525
VI/524
VI/527
VI/533
organosilanes
VI/532
phenoxy resins
VI/530
poly(acrylics)
VI/526
poly(amides)
VI/530
poly(carbonates)
VI/530
poly(esters)
VI/529
poly(ethers)
VI/528
poly(imides)
VI/531
poly(imines)
VI/531
poly(methacrylics)
VI/527
poly(peptides)
VI/533
poly(siloxanes)
VI/531
poly(styrenes)
VI/525
poly(sulfones)
VI/530
poly(urethanes)
VI/531
poly(vinyl esters)
VI/526
poly(vinyls)
VI/526
Poly(acetals):
VI/244
VII/504
theta solvents
VII/313
Poly(acetylenes):
VII/499
VII/48
Poly(acrylamides):
VI/201
II/486
VII/503
Poly(acrylic acid) and derivatives:

VII/96
VII/643
VII/344
frictional ratios
VII/96
VII/351
IX/37
Index terms
Links
Poly(acrylic acid) and derivatives: (Continued)

VI/198
heat entropy, and volume change of solution
VII/654
Huggins constant
VII/268

nomenclature
VI/198
VI/538
VI/2
optically active
VII/716
VII/96
II/483
VII/170
VII/96
VII/747
VII/501
VII/557
surface properties
VI/526
thermal degradation
II/454
theta solvents
VII/307
VII/49
Poly(acrylonitrile):
heat capacity
VI/508
physical constants
V/59
Poly(alkanes):
permeability, diffusion, and solubility coefficients
theta solvents
VI/545
VII/295
Poly(alkenes):
VI/341
VI/291
VII/92
VII/336
frictional ratios
VII/92
VI/205
VII/651
Huggins constant
VII/266
optically active
VII/716
VII/92
VII/165
VII/92
VII/747
VII/500
VII/553
spherulite growth rates
VI/304
thermal degradation
II/452
VII/733
VII/748
VII/573
IX/38
Index terms
Links
Poly(alkenes): (Continued)
theta solvents
VII/299
VII/48
Poly(alkynes):
optically active
VII/721
VII/165
Polyamide 6:
heat capacity
VI/511
physical constants
V/121
Polyamide 12, physical constants
V/121
Polyamide 66:
heat capacity
VI/512
physical constants
V/121
Polyamide 610, physical constants

Polyamide 612, heat capacity
V/121
VI/512
Poly(amides):
VI/379
crystallographic data
VI/33
VI/559
VII/411
frictional ratios
VII/137
VII/137
VI/235
VII/661
Huggins constant
VII/279

nomenclature
VI/539
VI/2
optically active
VII/726
VII/137
VI/559
physical constants
V/121
VII/191
VII/137
VII/755
VI/559
VII/518
VII/600
VI/331
surface properties
VI/530
thermal degradation
II/470
theta solvents
VII/316
VII/63
VII/36
VI/4
IX/39
Index terms
Links
Poly(amines), nomenclature
VI/4
Poly(amino acids):
VI/26
VII/414
optically active
VII/729
II/487
VII/755
VII/604
surface properties
VI/533
VII/63
VII/38
Poly(anhydrides):
thermal degradation
VI/219
VI/244
VII/515
VII/527
II/468
Poly(anilines), glass transition temperature
VI/241
Poly(aromatics):
VI/15
VI/587
Poly(aryl ether ether ketone), permeability, diffusion, and solubility coefficients
VI/561
Poly(benzimidazoles):
VI/245
VII/757
VII/526
Poly(benzimides), solvent-nonsolvent tables

Poly(benzothiazinophenothiazines), glass transition temperature
VII/524
VI/245
Poly(benzothiazoles):
VI/245
VII/524
Poly(benzoxazines), glass transition temperature
VI/245
Poly(benzoxazoles):
VI/245
VII/757
VII/523
cis-1,4-Poly(butadiene), heat capacity
VI/486
trans-1,4-Poly(butadiene), heat capacity
VI/487
1,4-cis(96-98%)Poly(butadiene), physical constants
V/1
Poly(butadiene-co-acrylonitrile), physical constants
V/2
Poly(butadiene-co-styrene), physical constants
V/3
Poly(1-butene), heat capacity
VI/490
Poly(n-butyl acrylate), heat capacity
VI/502
IX/40
Index terms
Links
Poly(n-butyl methacrylate), heat capacity
VI/506
Poly(carbazoles), optically active
VII/719
Poly(carbodiimides), solvent-nonsolvent tables
VII/521
Poly(carbonate)
V/161
Poly(carbonates):
VI/372
VI/555
VII/641
VII/404
frictional ratios
VII/134
VII/134
VI/219
VII/134
VI/555
VII/188
VII/134
VI/555
VII/513
VI/326
surface properties
VI/530
thermal degradation
II/468
unperturbed dimensions of lienar chains
VII/61
VII/34
Poly(carboranes), glass transition temperature

Poly(chloroprene), physical constants
VI/245
V/3
Poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene):
heat capacity
VI/497
physical constants
V/55
Poly(dibenzofurans), glass transition temperature
VI/246
Poly(dienes):
VI/341
VI/291
VI/22
VI/553
VII/644
VII/333
frictional ratios
VII/94
VI/207
VII/650
Huggins constant
VII/266
optically active
VII/720
VII/94
VI/553
VII/94
VII/735
IX/41
Index terms
Links
Poly(dienes): (Continued)
II/482
VII/168
VII/94
VII/746
VI/553
VII/499
VII/551
VI/304
VII/47
Poly(dioxoisoindolines), glass transition temperature
VI/246
Polydisperse high-molecular-weight polymeric mesophases
VI/280
Poly(disubstituted esters), solvent-nonsolvent tables
VII/502
Poly(dithiazoles), solvent-nonsolvent tables
VII/524
Poly(diynes), crystallographic data

Poly(electrolytes), solvent-nonsolvent tables
Polyenyne oligomers
VI/22
VII/533
IV/20
Poly(epichlorohydrin), permeability of esters through
VI/567
Poly(esters):
VI/373
VI/40
VI/555
VII/640
VII/405
frictional ratios
VII/134
VII/134
VI/221
VII/659
Huggins constant
VII/278

nomenclature
VI/539
VI/2
optically active
VII/724
VII/134
VI/555
II/488
VII/188
VII/134
VII/752
VI/555
VII/513
VII/594
VI/327
surface properties
VI/529
VI/4
IX/42
Index terms
Links
Poly(esters): (Continued)
thermal degradation
II/466
theta solvents
VII/315
VII/61
VII/34
Poly(ether ketones), glass transition temperature
VI/226
Poly(ethers):
VI/51
VII/134
VII/638
frictional ratios
VII/134
VI/539
VII/134
VII/188
VII/134
surface properties
VI/528
theta solvents
VII/313
VII/60
VII/32
Poly(ethyl acrylate), heat capacity
VI/502
Poly(ethylenes)
V/160
heat capacity
VI/486
permeability of various compounds through high-density
VI/564
permeability of various compounds through low-density
VI/562
permeability of various compounds through low-density, Irradiation crosslinked
VI/564
physical constants
V/9
V/159
physical constants
V/113
Poly(ethylene terephthalate, 1,4-cyclohexane dimethanol)
V/159
Poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene), physical constants
V/45
Poly(ethyl methacrylate), heat capacity
VI/505
Poly(fluoresceins), glass transition temperature
VI/247
Poly(furan tetracarboxylic acid diimides), glass transition temperature
VI/247
Poly(heterocyclics):
VII/64
VII/41
Poly(1-hexene), heat capacity
VI/491
Poly(hexyl methacrylate), heat capacity
VI/507
Poly(hydrazides), solvent-nonsolvent tables
VII/520
Polyhydric alcohols, solubility parameter
VII/701
VI/488
IX/43
Index terms
Links
Poly(imides):
VI/15
VI/559
VI/241
VI/559
VII/756
VI/559
VII/524
surface properties
VI/531
Poly(imines):
VII/411
VI/241
optically active
VII/728
surface properties
VI/531
VII/39
Poly(iminoadipoyl-iminododecamethylene) (Polyamide 612), heat capacity
VI/512
Poly(iminoadipoyl-iminohexamethylene) (Polyamide 66):

heat capacity
VI/512
physical constants
V/121
Poly[imino(1-oxododecamethylene)] (Polyamide 12), heat capacity
VI/512
Poly[imino(1-oxohexamethylene)] (Polyamide 6):

heat capacity
VI/511
physical constants
V/121
Poly(isobutene), heat capacity
VI/492
Poly(isobutene-co-isoprene), physical constants
V/4
Poly(isobutyl acrylate), heat capacity
VI/503
Poly(isobutyl methacrylate), heat capacity
VI/506
Poly(isocyanates):
optically active
VII/728
VII/600
Poly(isonitriles), optically active
VII/720
Poly(isoprene), physical constants
VII/738
VII/736
V/5
Poly(ketones):
II/488
thermal degradation
II/465
Poly(lacticacid)
V/160
Poly(maleimides), optically active
VII/722
Polymer abbreviations, see Abbreviations and acronyms

Polymer characteristic groups, abbreviations and acronyms based on
Polymer classes
VIII/17
I/111
Polymer degradation, see Thermal degradation

VII/736
IX/44
Index terms
Links
Polymerizability, heterocyclic ring compounds:

5-membered ring compounds
II/402
II/403
II/404
unsubstituted 5-, 6-, and 7-membered ring compounds
II/405
Polymerization, see also Addition polymerization; Condensation polymerization; Free radical

copolymerization; Free radical polymerization
equilibrium
II/347
nonlinear
II/348
photopolymerization
II/169
Polymer liquids, experimental T-P range
VI/596
Polymer miscibility, see Miscible polymers

Polymer-solvent interaction parameter
VII/678
concentration dependence
VII/249
determination methods
VII/248
equations
VII/247
molecular weight dependence
V1I/250
selected polymer solutions
VII/250
temperature dependence
VII/249
Polymer trademark search
VIII/29
Poly(methacrylamides):
VI/205
heat capacity
VI/508
VII/503
Poly(methacrylic acid) and derivatives:

VI/548
VII/644
VII/346
VI/198
VI/201
heat capacity
VI/501
VI/504
Huggins constant
VII/268

oligomers
VI/538
IV/24
optically active
VII/717
VII/734
VI/548
II/82
II/484
VII/748
VI/548
VII/501
VII/561
surface propertis
VI/527
VII/749
IX/45
Index terms
Links
Poly(methacrylic acid) and derivatives: (Continued)

thermal degradation
II/454
theta solvents
VII/308
cis-1,4-Poly(2-methylbutadiene), heat capacity

VI/488
V/161
heat capacity
VI/504
physical constants
V/87
Poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), heat capacity
VI/492
Poly(a-methylstyrene), heat capacity
VI/500
Polymolecularity correction factors:

defined
VII/217
diffusion coefficient-molecular weight relationship
VII/229
intrinsic viscosity-molecular weight relationship
VII/223
macromolecular dimension determination
VII/235
mean square radius of gyration-molecular weight relationship
VII/232
second virial coefficient-molecular weight relationship
VII/234
sedimentation coefficient-molecular weight relationship
VII/227
unperturbed macromolecule dimension determination
VII/240
Polymorphism
VI/287
Poly(nitriles):
VI/549
VI/549
II/486
VI/549
Poly(nucleotides):
VII/157
frictional ratios
VII/157
VII/157
VII/196
VII/157
VII/755
Polyolefin elastomers
V/161
Polyolefin plastomer
V/160
Poly(olefins)
V/160
VI/6
nomenclature
VI/2
physical constants
V/164
II/482
Poly(organosiloxanes)
V/161
See also Poly(siloxanes)

Poly(oxabicyclononanes), glass transition temperature
VI/247
IX/46
Index terms
Links
Poly(oxadiazoles):
VI/248
VII/523
Poly(oxadiazolidines), solvent-nonsolvent tables
VII/523
Poly(oxides):
VI/365
VI/300
VI/52
VI/555
VII/638
VII/398
VI/226
VII/659
Huggins constant
VII/277
nomenclature
optically active
VI/2
VI/4
VII/723
VII/737
VI/555
VII/752
VI/555
VII/511
VII/594
VI/315
thermal degradation
II/465
VII/60
VII/32
Poly(oxindoles), glass transition temperature
VI/248
Poly(oxoisoindolines), glass transition temperature
VI/248
Poly(oxycarbonyloxy-1,4-phenylene-isopropylidine-1,4-phenylene), heat capacity
VI/518
Poly(oxy-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene), heat capacity
VI/517
Poly(oxy-2,6-diphenyl-1,4-phenylene), heat capacity
VI/517
Poly(oxyethylene), heat capacity
VI/514
Poly(oxyethylene-oxyterephthaloyl):
heat capacity
VI/485
physical constants
V/113
Poly(oxymethylene)
V/161
heat capacity
VI/486
physical constants
V/97
Poly(oxymethylene-carbonyloxyethylene), heat capacity
VI/485
Poly(oxy-1-oxoethylene), heat capacity
VI/509
Poly(oxy-1-oxohexamethylene), heat capacity
VI/510
Poly(oxy-1,4-phenylene), heat capacity
VI/516
VI/510
VI/513
IX/47
Index terms
Links
Poly(oxypropylene):
heat capacity
VI/515
permeability of various compounds through chemically crosslinked
VI/565
Poly(oxyetramethylene), heat capacity
VI/515
Poly(oxytrimethylene), heat capacity
VI/514
Poly(1-pentene), heat capacity
VI/490
Polypeptides, see Poly(amino acids)

Poly(phenylenes):
VII/397
VI/218
VII/509
Poly(phosphates):
VII/64
VII/39
Poly(phosphazenes):
VI/384
VII/422
VI/242
VII/755
VII/522
Poly(phthalazines), glass transition temperature
VI/248
Poly(phthalides), glass transition temperature
VI/248
Poly(piperazines):
VI/248
VII/526
Poly(piperidines), glass transition temperature

Poly(propylene)
VI/249
V/160
diffusion of various compounds through high-density
VI/564
heat capacity
VI/489
physical constants
V/21
Poly(pyrazinoquinoxalines), glass transition temperature
VI/249
Poly(pyrazoles), glass transition temperature
VI/249
Poly(pyridazines), glass transition temperature
VI/249
Poly(pyridines), glass transition temperature
VI/249
Poly(pyromellitimides):
VI/249
VII/756
VII/525
Poly(pyrrolidines), glass transition temperature
VI/250
Poly(quinones), glass transition temperature
VI/250
IX/48
Index terms
Links
Poly(quinoxalines):
VI/250
VII/757
VII/526
Poly(saccharides):
VI/59
VII/144
VII/431
frictional ratios
VII/144
VI/243
Huggins constant
VII/282
VII/144
VII/194
VII/144
VII/758
VII/531
VII/611
theta solvents
VII/316
VII/66
VII/43
Poly(silanes):
VII/418
VI/243
VII/522
VII/606
Poly(silazanes):
VI/243
VII/522
VII/606
Poly(silmethylenes), unperturbed dimensions of linear chains
VII/64
Poly(siloxanes):
VI/384
VI/558
VII/418
VI/231
VII/661
VI/539
VI/558
II/487
VII/756
VI/558
VII/515
IX/49
Index terms
Links
Poly(siloxanes): (Continued)
VI/334
surface properties
VI/531
thermal degradation
II/471
VII/64
VII/40
Poly(silsesquioxanes):
VII/64
VII/40
Poly(styrene)
V/160
VI/547
VII/356
frictional ratios
VII/109
VII/109
VI/209
VII/655
heat capacity
VI/485
VI/537
optically active
VII/719
VII/109
VI/547
physical constants
V/91
II/88
VI/499
VII/735
V/166
II/485
VII/179
VII/109
VI/547
VII/507
VII/574
surface properties
VI/525
thermal degradation
II/461
theta solvents
VII/300
VII/54
Poly(sulfides):
VI/57
VII/639
VII/416
VI/233
nomenclature
VI/4
optically active
VII/725
VII/516
thermal degradation
II/468
VII/63
VII/737
IX/50
Index terms
Links
Poly(sulfides): (Continued)
VII/39
Poly(sulfonamides):
VII/416
VI/234
Poly(sulfonates):
VI/233
VII/515
Poly(sulfones):
VI/57
VI/560
VII/416
VI/234
VI/560
II/488
VI/560
VII/517
VII/599
surface properties
VI/530
thermal degradation
II/468
V/160
heat capacity
VI/493
physical constants
V/31
Poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-hexafluoropropylene) (FEP), physical constants
V/41
Poly[tetrafluoroethylene-co-perfluoro(alkoxy vinyl ether)] (PFA), physical constants
V/41
Poly(thioesters):
VI/235
optically active
VII/725
Poly(thioethers), dipole moments in solution
VII/639
Poly(thiophenes), solvent-nonsolvent tables
VII/527
Poly(triazines), glass transition temperature
VI/252
Poly(triazoles), glass transition temperature
VI/252
Poly(trifluoroethylene), heat capacity
VI/495
Poly(ureas):
VI/49
VII/137
VII/410
frictional ratios
VII/137
VI/242
optically active
VII/725
VII/137
VII/191
IX/51
Index terms
Links
Poly(ureas): (Continued)
VII/137
VII/521
theta solvents
VII/316

Poly(urethane) elastomers
VII/39
V/161
Poly(urethanes):
VI/383
VI/49
Vl/560
VII/410
frictional ratios
VII/137
VI/229
nomenclature
VI/4
optically active
VII/725
VII/137
VI/560
VII/191
VII/137
VI/560
VII/515
VII/600
surface properties
VI/531
thermal degradation
II/471
theta solvents
VII/316
VII/63
VII/39
Poly(vinyl acetate):
heat capacity
VI/498
physical constants
V/77
Poly(vinyl alcohol):
VII/353
VI/212
heat capacity
VI/498
VII/504

Poly(vinyl benzoate), heat capacity
VII/53
VI/500
V/159
heat capacity
VI/496
physical constants
V/67
Poly(vinyl esters):
VII/355
VII/137
IX/52
Index terms
Links
Poly(vinyl esters): (Continued)

VI/213
optically active
VII/718
VII/506
surface properties
VI/526
VII/53
Poly(vinyl ethers):
VII/353
VI/214
optically active
VII/718
VII/503
thermal degradation
II/461
VII/53
Poly(vinyl fluoride), heat capacity
VII/735
VI/494
Poly(vinyl halides):
VI/215
VII/505

Poly(vinylidene chloride), heat capacity
VII/53
VI/496
Poly(vinylidene fluoride):
heat capacity
VI/494
physical constants
V/48
Poly(vinylidenes):
VI/13
heat capacity
VI/494
physical constants
VI/496
V/48
Poly(vinyl ketones):
VII/353
VI/212
optically active
VII/718
VII/504
thermal degradation
II/461
Poly(vinyl nitriles):
VII/353
VI/215
VII/506
Poly(vinyls):
VI/341
VI/291
VI/13
VI/549
VII/642
VII/105
IX/53
Index terms
Links
Poly(vinyls): (Continued)
frictional ratios
VII/105
VII/655
Huggins constant
VII/272

nomenclature
VI/37
VI/2
VII/105
VI/549
II/486
VII/177
VII/105
segmental anisotrophy
VII/750
VI/549
VI/304
surface properties
VI/526
thermal degradation
II/459
theta solvents
VII/305
Poly(vinyl thioethers), glass transition temperature
VI/214
Poly(xylylenes), permeability, diffusion, and solubility coefficients
VI/555
Power:
conversion factors
I/16
SI units
I/13
Precipitation chromatography
VII/330
Pressure:
conversion factors
I/15
VI/197
SI units
I/13
Pressure-induced crystallization
VI/288
Propagation activation energy
II/415
acrylic derivatives
II/417
dienes
II/416
II/418
II/423
olefins
II/416
styrene derivatives
II/421
vinyl esters
II/421
vinyl ethers
II/421
vinyl halogens
II/420
II/422
Propagation constants
II/77
acrylic derivatives
II/80
aldehydes
II/90
IX/54
Index terms
Links
Propagation constants (Continued)

dienes
II/79
fumaric derivatives
II/87
itaconic derivatives
II/85
II/82
II/90
olefins
II/79
styrene derivatives
II/88
vinyl esters
II/87
vinyl ethers
II/88
vinyl halides
II/87
II/90
Propene monomers, physical properties
III/32
Proteins:
VII/157
fibers
VIII/22
frictional ratios
VII/157
VII/157
VII/196
VII/157
Pulse laser polymerization (PLP) method

PVT relationship
II/78
VI/591
See also Equations of state

VI/597
polymer liquids
VI/596
and second virial coefficients
VII/164
zero pressure volume and bulk modulus
VI/593
VI/595
II/309
II/321
Q
Q-e scheme
Quasi-lattice models
VI/593
Quasi-single-strand coordination polymer nomenclature

Quenching rate constants, photopolymerization
I/7
II/170
Q values:
monomers
II/310
monomers by Q values
II/314
pressure effects
II/440
telogens
II/314
R
Radial spherulite growth rates:
VI/336
II/177
IX/55
Index terms
Links
Radial spherulite growth rates: (Continued)

poly(alkenes)
VI/304
poly(amides)
VI/331
poly(carbonates)
VI/326
poly(dienes)
VI/304
poly(esters)
VI/327
poly(oxides)
VI/315
poly(siloxanes)
VI/334
poly(vinyls)
VI/304
Radiation chemical yield
II/481
blends
II/493
II/487
composites
II/493
copolymers
II/490
fluoropolymers
II/488
poly(acrylamides)
II/486
poly(acrylates)
II/483
poly(amino acids)
II/487
poly(dienes)
II/482
poly(esters)
II/488
poly(ketones)
II/488
poly(methacrylates)
II/484
poly(nitriles)
II/486
poly(olefins)
II/482
poly(siloxanes)
II/487
poly(styrenes)
II/485
poly(sulfones)
II/488
poly(vinyls)
II/486
vinyl monomers
II/486
Radiation resistance
VI/583
composites
VI/588
elastomers
VI/586
poly(aromatics)
VI/587
thermoplastics
VI/585
Random copolymers, fractionation systems
VII/366
Rayleigh scattering
VII/629
Reactivity pattern scheme
II/321
monomer parameters
II/323
II/326
II/322
Reactivity ratios
II/182

II/288
VII/425
IX/56
Index terms
Links
Reactivity ratios (Continued)

terpolymerization
II/438
Refractive index
VI/571
See also Specific refractive index increments

VII/680
heterogeneous polymers
VI/572

molar refraction
III/43
VI/571

optical anisotropy
VI/572
polymers in alphabetical order
VI/578
polymers in order of increasing index
VI/574
polymer solvents
III/55
Refractometric calibration data
VII/550
Regenerated polysaccharide fibers
VIII/23
Regenerated protein fibers
VIII/23
Regular polymer nomenclature
I/3
Reinforced polymers, see Composites

Reinforcing fillers, ISO codes for
VIII/20
Reptation
VI/286
Reverse-phase liquid chromatography
VII/330
Rigid poly(vinyl chloride)
V/159
Rubber-modified styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers
V/160
Rubbery polymers
VI/194
physical constants
V/1
S
Sanchez-Cho equation of state
VI/592
VI/597
Sanchez-Lacombe equation of state, characteristic parameters
VI/600
Santoprene TM, permeability of alkanes through
VI/566
Scattering factors
VII/629
Scattering methods, solutions
VII/163
Schulz-Blaschke constant:
defined
VII/265
selected polymers
VII/284
Screw dislocations
VI/281
Second-order Markov mechanism

metallocene-catalyzed copolymerization
Second virial coefficient-molecular weight relationship
II/445
II/330
VII/234
VI/593
IX/57
Index terms
Links
Second virial coefficients:

averages
VII/164
factors affecting
VII/164
inorganic polymers
VII/192
poly(acrylics)
VII/170
poly(alkenes)
VII/165
poly(alkynes)
VII/165
poly(amides)
VII/191
poly(carbonates)
VII/188
poly(dienes)
VII/168
poly(esters)
VII/188
poly(ethers)
VII/188
poly(nucleotides)
VII/196
poly(saccharides)
VII/194
poly(styrenes)
VII/179
poly(ureas)
VII/191
poly(urethanes)
VII/191
poly(vinyls)
VII/177
proteins
VII/196
theory
VII/163
for theta solvent determination
VII/293
Sedimentation coefficient:
inorganic polymers
VII/141
molar mass averages determined from
VII/89
poly(acrylics)
VII/96
poly(alkenes)
VII/92
poly(amides)
VII/137
poly(carbonates)
VII/134
poly(dienes)
VII/165
poly(esters)
VII/134
poly(ethers)
VII/134
poly(nucleotides)
VII/157
poly(saccharides)
VII/144
poly(styrenes)
VII/109
poly(ureas)
VII/137
poly(urethanes)
VII/137
poly(vinyls)
VII/105
proteins
VII/157
theory
VII/86
Sedimentation coefficient-molecular weight relationship
VII/227
Sedimentation equilibrium
VII/164
fractionation application
VII/333
IX/58
Index terms
Links
Sedimentation fractionation
VII/333
Sedimentation velocity
VII/163
fractionation application
VII/333
Segmental anisotropy:
copolymers
VII/751
defined
VII/745
VII/752
VII/746
VII/752
VII/756
poly(acrylic acids)
VII/747
poly(alkenes)
VII/747
poly(amides)
VII/755
VII/757
poly(benzoxazoles)
VII/757
poly(dienes)
VII/746
poly(esters)
VII/752
poly(imides)
VII/756
VII/748
poly(nucleotides)
VII/755
poly(oxides)
VII/752
poly(peptides)
VII/755
poly(phosphazenes)
VII/755
VII/756
poly(quinoxalines)
VII/757
poly(saccharides)
VII/758
poly(siloxanes)
VII/756
poly(vinyls)
VII/750
Semiempirical 3-parameter equations of state
VI/593
Silicone polymers
V/161
Silicone surfaces
VI/524
Silicon-oxygen chains, theta solvents
VII/317
Silicon polymers, dipole moments in solution
VII/645
Siloxane copolymers, unperturbed dimensions of linear chains
VII/65
Simha-Somcynsky equation of state
VI/594
VI/599
Simple cell model equation of state

VI/593
VI/598
Single-strand inorganic and coordination polymer nomenclature
I/6
Single-strand organic polymer nomenclature
I/3
SI units
I/13
prefixes
I/14
VII/748
VII/749
IX/59
Index terms
Links
Solid-state multiphase systems
VI/280
Solubility coefficient:
VI/566
VI/561
VI/567
VI/552
poly(alkanes)
VI/545
poly(amides)
VI/559
VI/561
poly(carbonates)
VI/555
poly(dienes)
VI/553
poly(esters)
VI/555
poly(imides)
VI/559
poly(methacrylates)
VI/548
poly(nitriles)
VI/549
poly(oxides)
VI/555
poly(siloxanes)
VI/558
poly(styrenes)
VI/547
poly(sulfones)
VI/560
poly(urethanes)
VI/560
poly(vinyls)
VI/549
poly(xylylenes)
VI/555
Solubility fractionation
VII/328
Solubility parameter:
acid anhydrides
VII/700
acid halides
VII/700
acids
VII/701
alcohols
VII/700
aldehydes
VII/699
VII/698
esters
VII/699
ethers
VII/699
group contributions
VII/686
halohydrocarbons
VII/698
ketones
VII/699
main-chain C-N polymers
VII/709
main-chain C-O polymers
VII/708
main-chain polymers
VII/702
nitrogen-containing compounds
VII/700
paraffinic hydrocarbons
VII/698
phenols
VII/701
polyhydric alcohols
VII/701
IX/60
Index terms
Links
Solubility parameter: (Continued)

solvents in alphabetical order
VII/688
solvents in increasing order
VII/694
sulfur-containing compounds
VII/700
water
VII/701
Solvent-induced crystallization
VI/288
Solvent-nonsolvent tables
VII/498
block copolymers
VII/533
VII/529
cellulose esters
VII/530
cellulose ethers
VII/529
cellulose nitrate
VII/531
cellulose sulfate
VII/531
dendrimers
VII/534
formaldehyde resins
VII/523
gutta percha
VII/529
inorganic polymers
VII/532
VII/511
VII/499
VII/509
main-chain carbonyl polymers
VII/510
VII/523
natural polymers
VII/528
natural resins
VII/532
natural rubber
VII/528
poly(acetals)
VII/504
poly(acetylenes)
VII/499
poly(acrylamides)
VII/503
poly(acrylates)
VII/501
poly(acrylic acids)
VII/501
poly(acrylics)
VII/501
poly(alkenes)
VII/500
poly(amides)
VII/518
poly(anhydrides)
VII/515
VII/526
poly(benzimides)
VII/524
poly(benzothiazoles)
VII/524
polybenzoxazoles)
VII/523
poly(carbodiimides)
VII/521
poly(carbonates)
VII/513
poly(dienes)
VII/499
poly(disubstituted esters)
VII/502
VII/527
IX/61
Index terms
Links
Solvent-nonsolvent tables (Continued)

poly(dithiazoles)
VII/524
poly(electrolytes)
VII/533
poly(esters)
VII/513
poly(hydrazides)
VII/520
poly(imides)
VII/524
poly(methacrylamides)
VII/503
poly(methacrylates)
VII/501
poly(methacrylics)
VII/501
poly(oxadiazoles)
VII/523
poly(oxadiazolidines)
VII/523
poly(oxides)
VII/511
poly(phenylenes)
VII/509
poly(phosphazenes)
VII/522
poly(piperazines)
VII/526
VII/525
poly(quinoxalines)
VII/526
poly(saccharides)
VII/531
poly(silanes)
VII/522
poly(silazanes)
VII/522
poly(siloxanes)
VII/515
poly(styrenes)
VII/507
poly(sulfides)
VII/516
poly(sulfonates)
VII/515
poly(sulfones)
VII/517
poly(thiophenes)
VII/527
poly(ureas)
VII/521
poly(urethanes)
VII/515
poly(vinyl alcohol)
VII/504
poly(vinyl esters)
VII/506
poly(vinyl ethers)
VII/503
poly(vinyl halides)
VII/505
poly(vinyl ketones)
VII/504
VII/506
starches
VII/531
Solvent pairs, Isorefractive and isopycnic
III/43
Solvents, see also Miscibility; Solubility parameter

and free radical initiator decomposition
II/1
III/43
physical constants of most common for polymers
III/59
refractive index of common
III/55
II/110
IX/62
Index terms
Links
Source-based nomenclature
I/2
VI/2
Space groups:
poly(amides)
VI/33
poly(aromatics)
VI/15
poly(dienes)
VI/22
poly(diynes)
VI/22
poly(esters)
VI/40
poly(ethers)
VI/51
poly(imides)
VI/15
poly(olefins)
VI/6
poly(oxides)
VI/52
poly(peptides)
VI/26
poly(saccharides)
VI/59
poly(sulfides)
VI/57
poly(sulfones)
VI/57
poly(ureas)
VI/49
poly(urethanes)
VI/49
poly(vinylidenes)
VI/13
poly(vinyls)
VI/13
Specific heat:
conversion factors
I/16
VI/194
SI units
I/13
Specific refractive index increments
VII/547
VII/609
VII/594
VII/551
VII/594
VII/608
poly(acrylic acids)
VII/557
poly(alkenes)
VII/553
poly(amides)
VII/600
poly(amino acids)
VII/604
poly(dienes)
VII/551
poly(esters)
VII/594
poly(isocyanates)
VII/600
VII/561
poly(oxides)
VII/594
poly(saccharides)
VII/611
poly(silanes)
VII/606
poly(silazanes)
VII/606
poly(styrenes)
VII/574
VII/573
IX/63
Index terms
Links
Specific refractive index increments (Continued)

poly(sulfones)
VII/599
poly(urethanes)
VII/600
Specific volume-temperature curves
VI/194
Spherulite growth rates
VI/284
VI/336
poly(alkenes)
VI/304
poly(amides)
VI/331
poly(carbonates)
VI/326
poly(dienes)
VI/304
poly(esters)
VI/327
poly(oxides)
VI/315
poly(siloxanes)
VI/334
poly(vinyls)
VI/304
Spherulites
VI/280
SPI codes, for plastics recycling
VIII/21
Standard number block, ISO codes
VIII/19
Starches, solvent-nonsolvent tables
VII/531
Statistically associated fluid theory
VI/595
Stockmayer molecular weight distribution
II/354
Stress:
conversion factors
I/15
SI units
I/13
Structural repeating units
I/10
CAS Registry Number indexing by

Structure-based nomenclature
VIII/25
I/3
Styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers
V/160
rubber-modified
V/160
Styrene copolymers:
VII/645
II/490
Styrene monomers:
physical properties
III/34
propagation/termination activation energy
II/421
Styrene oligomers
IV/30
Styrene polymers, see Poly(styrene)

Sugars, see Poly(saccharides)
Sulfone copolymers:
VII/65
VII/42
Sulfur, surface properties
VI/534
VI/3
IX/64
Index terms
Links
Sulfur compounds:
VII/700
II/150
Sulfur dioxide copolymers, radiation chemical yield
II/490
Summative precipitation
VII/328
Surface exclusion chromatography
VII/331
Surface tension
VI/521
See also Interfacial tension

VI/533
VII/680
conversion factors
I/16
epoxy resins
VI/530
VI/525
VI/524
VI/527
VI/533
organosilanes
VI/532
phenoxy resins
VI/530
poly(acrylics)
VI/526
poly(amides)
VI/530
poly(carbonates)
VI/530
poly(esters)
VI/529
poly(ethers)
VI/528
poly(imides)
VI/531
poly(imines)
VI/531
poly(methacrylics)
VI/527
poly(peptides)
VI/533
poly(siloxanes)
VI/531
poly(styrenes)
VI/525
poly(sulfones)
VI/530
poly(urethanes)
VI/531
poly(vinyl esters)
VI/526
poly(vinyls)
VI/526
SI units
I/13
and surface chemical constitution

Syndiotactic polymers
VI/524
VI/6
Syndiotactic poly(styrene)
V/160
Synonyms
VIII/25
common polymers
VIII/32
Synthetic fibers
VIII/24
Systematic polymer names
I/8
IX/65
Index terms
Links
T
Tacticity
II/445
Tait equation
VI/593
Telogens, Q and e values
II/314
Temperature:
and polymer-solvent interaction parameter
and radiation resistance
VII/249
VI/584
SI units
I/13
and solubility parameter
VII/677
and surface tension
VI/522
Temperature-rising elution fractionation

Termination activation energy
VII/329
II/415
acrylic derivatives
II/417
dienes
II/416
II/418
II/423
olefins
II/416
styrene derivatives
II/421
vinyl esters
II/421
vinyl ethers
II/421
vinyl halogens
II/420
II/422
Termination constants
II/77
acrylic derivatives
II/80
aldehydes
II/90
dienes
II/79
fumaric derivatives
II/87
itaconic derivatives
II/85
II/82
olefins
II/79
styrene derivatives
II/88
vinyl esters
II/87
vinyl ethers
II/88
vinyl halides
II/87
II/90
Terpolymerization reactivity ratios
II/438
Textile fibers:
VIII/22
acrylic fibers
V/61
Tg, see Glass transition temperature

Thermal conductivity:
conversion factors
I/16
IX/66
Index terms
Links
Thermal conductivity: (Continued)

SI units
I/13
Thermal degradation
II/451
II/475
with crosslinking
II/350
II/451
II/464
II/464
II/473
Thermal diffusion fractionation
VII/333
Thermal history, and glass transition temperature
VI/197
Thermodynamic perturbation theory
VI/595
Thermodynamics:
VII/679
crystallization
VI/284
VI/195
theta solvents
VII/291
Thermoplastics
V/159
ISO codes for
VIII/19
physical constants
V/162
VI/585
Thermotropic phases
VI/280
Theta solvents:
carbon-sulfur chains
VII/317
defined
VII/291
determination methods
VII/293
phosphorus-oxygen chains
VII/318
poly(acetals)
VII/313
poly(acrylics)
VII/307
poly(alkanes)
VII/295
poly(alkenes)
VII/299
poly(amides)
VII/316
poly(esters)
VII/315
poly(ethers)
VII/313
poly(methacrylics)
VII/308
poly(saccharides)
VII/316
poly(styrenes)
VII/300
poly(ureas)
VII/316
poly(urethanes)
VII/316
poly(vinyls)
VII/305
silicon-oxygen chains
VII/317
VII/292
VII/294
IX/67
Index terms
Links
Theta state
VII/291
Thiacyclophanes
IV/63
Thin layer chromatography
VII/330
Thioxanthones, excitation transfer rate constants

3-Parameter equations of state
II/178
VI/593
Time, SI units
I/13
Tm, see Melting point; Melting temperature

Trademark search
VIII/29
Trade names
VIII/25
Transfer agents
II/97
reactivity pattern parameters
II/326
Transfer constants:
to catalysts and initiators
II/106
to monomers
II/98
to polymers
II/103
prediction by reactivity patterns
II/322
to solvents and additives
II/110
to sulfur compounds
II/150
Trigonal selenium, heat capacity
VI/519
Triplet state lifetimes, of photosensitizers

Turbidimetric titration
II/170
VII/328
U
Ultrafiltration fractionation
VII/333
Ultra-low density poly(ethylene)
V/160
Unit cell parameters:

poly(amides)
VI/33
poly(aromatics)
VI/15
poly(dienes)
VI/22
poly(diynes)
VI/22
poly(esters)
VI/40
poly(ethers)
VI/51
poly(imides)
VI/15
poly(olefins)
VI/6
poly(oxides)
VI/52
poly(peptides)
VI/26
poly(saccharides)
VI/59
poly(sulfides)
VI/57
poly(sulfones)
VI/57
poly(ureas)
VI/49
poly(urethanes)
VI/49
II/179
IX/68
Index terms
Links
Unit cell parameters: (Continued)

poly(vinylidenes)
VI/13
poly(vinyls)
VI/13
Units
I/13
English-American unit conversions

Unperturbed dimensions, linear chain molecules
I/17
VII/4
VII/66
copolymers
VII/58
poly(acetylenes)
VII/48
poly(acrylic acids)
VII/49
poly(alkenes)
VII/48
poly(amides)
VII/63
poly(amino acids)
VII/63
poly(carbonates)
VII/61
poly(dienes)
VII/47
poly(esters)
VII/61
poly(ethers)
VII/60
poly(heterocyclics)
VII/64
polymolecularity correction factors
VII/240
poly(oxides)
VII/60
poly(phosphates)
VII/64
poly(saccharides)
VII/66
poly(silmethylenes)
VII/64
poly(siloxanes)
VII/64
poly(silsesquioxanes)
VII/64
poly(styrenes)
VII/54
poly(sulfides)
VII/63
poly(urethanes)
VII/63
poly(vinyl alcohol)
VII/53
poly(vinyl esters)
VII/53
poly(vinyl ethers)
VII/53
poly(vinyl halides)
VII/53
theta solvents
VII/292
UV curing technologies
II/169
V
Very low density poly(ethylene)
V/160
Vinyl ester monomers:

II/421
II/87
Vinyl ether monomers:

VII/65
II/421
VII/294
IX/69
Index terms
Links
Vinyl ether monomers: (Continued)

II/88
Vinyl halide monomers:

propagation activation energy
II/420
II/87
Vinyl heteroaromatic monomers:

Vinylidene chloride copolymers
II/422
II/90
V/160
Vinyl monomers:
copolymerization
II/181
copolymerization reactivity ratios
II/181
pattern of reactivity parameters
II/32
physical properties
aryl monomers
III/36
ester monomers
III/36
ether monomers
III/38
N-substituted monomers
III/38
sulfonate monomers
III/40
propagation/termination activation
energies
II/420
II/87
Q and e values
II/309
II/486
Vinyl oligomers
IV/27
-alkyl substituted
IV/26
Vinyl polymers, see Poly(vinyls)

Viscosity:
conversion factors
I/15
dilute solutions, Huggins and Schulz-Blaschke constants

VII/265
VI/194
polymer solvents
III/59
SI units
I/13
Viscosity-molecular weight relationship
VII/2
VII/43
copolymers
VII/27
VII/5
VII/31
VII/32
molecular weight distribution and viscosity constant
VII/5
poly(acetylenes)
VII/7
poly(acrylic acids)
VII/10
VII/42
IX/70
Index terms
Links
Viscosity-molecular weight relationship (Continued)

poly(alkenes)
VII/7
poly(amides)
VII/36
poly(amino acids)
VII/38
poly(carbonates)
VII/34
poly(dienes)
VII/5
poly(esters)
VII/34
poly(ethers)
VII/32
poly(heterocyclics)
VII/41
poly(imines)
VII/39
polymolecularity correction factors
VII/223
poly(oxides)
VII/32
poly(phosphates)
VII/39
poly(saccharides)
VII/43
poly(siloxanes)
VII/40
poly(silsesquixanes)
VII/40
poly(styrenes)
VII/17
poly(sulfides)
VII/39
poly(ureas)
VII/39
poly(urethanes)
VII/39
poly(vinyl alcohol)
VII/17
poly(vinyl esters)
VII/17
poly(vinyl ethers)
VII/17
poly(vinyl halides)
VII/17
Volume:
conversion factors
I/14
SI units
I/13
Volume change of solution
VII/650
VII/662
VII/659
VII/650
poly(acrylics)
VII/654
poly(alkenes)
VII/651
poly(amides)
VII/661
poly(dienes)
VII/650
poly(esters)
VII/659
poly(oxides)
VII/659
poly(siloxanes)
VII/661
poly(styrenes)
VII/655
poly(vinyls)
VII/655
Volumetric thermal expansion coefficient
VI/194
IX/71
Index terms
Links
W
Water, solubility parameter
VII/701
Work, SI units
I/13
Z
Zero pressure bulk modulus
VI/593
VI/595
Zero pressure volume
VI/593
VI/595
Ziegler-Natta catalysis
II/329
Zone melting fractionation
VII/333

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POLYMER HANDBOOK

J. BRANDRUP, E. H. IMMERGUT, and E. A. GRULKE

JOHNWlLEY & SONS, INC.

This book is printed on acid-free paper. @

A critical evaluation of the values published in the

Nomenclature Rules Units

B. IUPAC Recommendations ..................................................................................................

C. Use of Common and Semisystematic Names .....................................................................

D. Chemical Abstracts (CA) Index Names ...............................................................................

E. Polymer Class Names ........................................................................................................

B. International Units ..............................................................................................................

D. Conversion Factors ............................................................................................................

E. Conversion Table for SI vs. English-american Units ...........................................................

Polymerization and Depolymerization

Decomposition Rates of Organic Free Radical Initiators ............................................................................

B. Tables of Decomposition Rates of Organic Free Radical Initiators .....................................

This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.

Alkyl Peroxides .......................................................................................................

Propagation and Termination Constants in Free Radical Polymerization ..................................................

Propagation and Termination Constants .............................................................

B. Tables of Transfer Constants .............................................................................................

Photopolymerization Reactions ...................................................................................................................

This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.

Free Radical Copolymerization Reactivity Ratios .......................................................................................

Values for Free Radical Copolymerizations ..........................................................

This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.

C. Transfer Constants .............................................................................................................

D. Tables of Parameters .........................................................................................................

Copolymerization Parameters of Metallocene-catalyzed Copolymerizations ............................................

B. A Brief Theoretical Outline of Copolymerization Reactions .................................................

C. Calculation of the Copolymerization Parameters ................................................................

D. Table of Copolymerization Parameters ...............................................................................

E. List of Catalysts/Cocatalysts Used .....................................................................................

Rates of Polymerization and Depolymerization, Average Molecular Weights, and Molecular

B. Reference Tables for the Calculation of Rates of Polymerization, Average Molecular

C. Some Distribution Functions and Their Properties ..............................................................

This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.

D. Molecular Weight Distribution in Condensation Polymers: the Stockmayer

Heats and Entropies of Polymerization, Ceiling Temperatures, Equilibrium Monomer

A. Heats of Polymerization ......................................................................................................

1.1.1 Dienes ..............................................................................................

1.1.2 Monomers Giving Polymers with or without Aliphatic Side

1.1.3 Monomers Giving Polymers with Aliphatic Side Chains That

1.1.4 Monomers Giving Polymers with Aromatic Side Chains That

1.1.5 Monomers Giving Polymers with Aromatic Side Chains and

2.1.1 Ethers and Acetals ...........................................................................

2.1.2 Cyclic Esters .....................................................................................

B. Entropies of Polymerization ................................................................................................

4.1.1 Dienes ..............................................................................................

4.1.2 Monomers Giving Polymers without or with Aliphatic Side

4.1.3 Monomers Giving Polymers with Aliphatic Side Chains That

This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.

4.1.5 Monomers Giving Polymers with Aromatic Side Chains That

4.1.6 Other Monomers Giving Polymers Not Listed Above ......................

5.1.1 Ethers and Acetals ...........................................................................

5.1.2 Cyclic Esters .....................................................................................

C. Ceiling Temperatures and Equilibrium Monomer Concentrations .......................................

Monomers Giving Polymers Containing O in the Main Chain,

Monomers Giving Polymers Containing O in the Main Chain,

Monomers Giving Polymers Containing S in the Main Chain,

Monomers Giving Polymers Containing N in the Main Chain,

8.5 Other Monomers Giving Polymers Not Listed Above ......................

Monomers Giving Polymers Containing Main Chain Acyclic