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2
Using the method of joints, detennine the force in each member of the truss shown. State whethereach memberis in tension or compression.
SOLUTION
Joint FBDs:
Joint B:
-rF'x= 0:
B
FBc= 3.00 kN C
Joint C:
PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. \C 2007 The McGraw-Hili Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher. or used beyond the limited distribution to tetWhers and educators permitted by McGraw-Hill for their individual course preparation. If you are a student using this Manual, you are using it without permission.
796
:2kips 2 "ips
2 k.ips
PROBLEM 6.10
Determine the force in each member of the Gambrel roof truss shown. State whether each member is in tension or compression.
~
AJ<
LF'x
= 0:
Hx = 0
By symmetry: Ay
= H y = 4 kips
by inspectionofjoints C and G:
Joint FBDs:
'I'
Joint A:
IN
1/
"I J'f's
~
y
so
file.
FFH
= 5.00 kips C ~
~
Joint B:
5k'f~ Joint E:
LF'x=0:
so
t LF'y= 0:
=0
FDE = 0.286 kips T ~
PROPRIETARY MATERIAL iD 2007 The McGraw-Hili Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed. reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means. without the prior written permission of the publisher. or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators permitted by McGraw-Hili for their individual course preparation. If you are a student using this Manual. you are using it without permission.
804
L G
InoA _"
24mT2,:':)L2"~::;"T24mII2T PROBLEM 6.23 1.",1' G '~ For the roof truss shown, detennine the force in each of the members Jl~ B ~ ~ "', LLH'I ~m loca~edto the left ,of member GH. State whether each member is in
G F
/I ""'-
?f
} ~~.,
I.
.~
,;rj
tensIOn or compreSSIOn.
-~=o:
(12m)(My-l kN)
t ~=O:
Joint FBDs: Joint A:
= 5.05kN
Ay
= 4.45 kN t
~
13'
FAB=8.97 kN C
12 FAC-13(8.97 kN) = 0,
.ill
Joint c:
-~=o:
12
13 FCE -
8.28 kN = 0,
FCE= 8.97 kN T
t ~=O:
1111"
,I,
5
13(8.97 kN) - FBC = 0,
FBc= 3.45 kN C ~
Joint B:
II. '1
-~=o:
I"'i,
1
'
PROPRIETARY MATERIAL t!:> 2007 The McGraw-HilI Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduc, or distributed in any fonn or by any means, without the prior written pennission of the publisher. or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers Oi educators pennitted by McGraw-Hili for their individual course preparation. If you are a student using this Manual, you are using it without permission.
826
Ll\= 0:
v37
r;:;;;FEH -
12
FEH=13.1388kN
FEH=13.14kN T.....
FDE_ (8.97 13
kN) -
=0
FDE= 5.61kN T.....
FDE=5.6100kN Joint D:
or
Ll\
= 0:
12 12 -(14.04kN)--FDG13 13
1 r;:;FDH=O v2
Solving:
FDG=8.60 kN C....
PROPRIETARY MATERIAL to 2007 The McGraw-Hili Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in anyform or by any means, without the prior written pe/mission of the publisher, or lISedbeyond the limited distribution to teache~sand educatorspermitted by McGraw-Hillfor their individual coursepreparation.lfyou are a student using this Manual,you are !LYing it withoutpermIssIOn. 827
I'
PROBLEM 6.30
For the given loading, detennine the zero-force members in the truss shown.
SOLUTION
By inspection of joint D,
H/ l "1/ "t"
"1/
,L .
1::'1
PROPRIETARY MATERIAL () 2007 The McGraw-Hili Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed. reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written pelmission of the publisher. or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators permitted by McGraw-Hil/for their individual course preparation. !fyou are a student using this Manual, you are using it without permission.
837
PROBLEM 6.42
A floor truss is loaded as shown. Detennine the force in members CF, EF, and EG.
- LF::= 0:
( WA= 0: 6a(l\v- 1251b) - 5a(250Ib) - 40(250lb)- 30(375Ib)
-20(500 lb) - 0(500 lb) = 0
Ky
t I I :., I" ii n, I~ . ' I' I I ,j "
= 937.5 lb t
t ~v= 0:
FBD Section ABEC:
!.--E.:&.
,""-2-""'" t:~,
+ (8 ft)(250 lb -1312.5lb)
FCF= 3250 Ib,
=0
FCF = 3.25 kips T ....
~,.- - - - - -,..
Js
FEE'= 0
LF::= 0:
'I
tJ PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. () 2007 The McGraw-Hili Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manua/may be displayed. reproduced or distributed in any fonn or by any means. without the prior written permission of the publisher. or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators permitted by McGraw-Hili for their individual course preparation. If you are a student using this Manllal, you are using it without permission.
"
1, ,,'
II
855
il'11 ,;,
i il: I'
~ J en ~
15m ~ 1.500115m 1.500 1.5...
PROBL~M 6.51
A Fink roof truss is loaded as shown. Detennine the force in members FH,
IOk!\1 :;k\ A
. ~1.8m
~ 1111
I)
'
,""
FG,andEG.
2.400
.
,_
_~
1./))I}
I.8m
1.1;m
SOLUTION
FBDTruss:
Distance between loads
= 1.5 m
rflx
= 0:
Ax
=0
By symmetry,
Ay = Ky = 18kN
(
-i'-- -,--~ 1.(. .
I
rMF
= 0:
\ WI
f/
I il
"il.
ffi.. 2.N, 4
.
,:
! I
'
3
1-._
(
I<.
rMK
= 0:
In FFG) = 0
=0 = 22.3 kN
C....
E'I>
FFG = 8.0100kN,
-+
rflx
= 0:
15
,)
IIi
~
I
j!
' ; j
"
I:
! ,
I !,,\ I
tll: , : ,j
I
j8\
PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. It>2007 The McGraw-Hili Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed. reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators permitted by McGraw-Hill for their individual course preparation. If you are a student using this Manual. you are using it without permission.
ill
866
,..
PROBLEM 6.67
The diagonal members in the center panels of the truss shown are very slender and can act only in tension; such members are known as counters. Detennine the force in member DE and in the counters which are acting under the given loading.
ci
L 8ft~--8ft~8ft~8fi j
I
t Hips
EI
f) kips ~ 12ki!"
IMA
= 0:
..
~ff
A
Hy = 15kips
t IFy =0:
= 12kipst
FBD Section ABC: Since only BE can provide the downward force necessary for equilibrium, it must be in tension, so CD is slack, FCD =0
t IFy = 0:
IJ
12 kips
- 6 kips - ~FRE = 0
FRE
[ Bt.-
= 10.00 kips T
<III
Since only EF can provide the downward force necessary for equilibrium, it must be in tension, so DG is slack, FDG =0 FBD Section FGH:
t IFy
= 0:
=0
FEF
= 5.00 kips T
<III
I
1<;"(
II-p., I~
PROPRIETARY MATERIAL tC 2007 The McGraw-Hili Companies, Inc. AII rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed. reproduced or di,vtributed in any fonn or by any means. without the prior written pennission of the publisher. or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators pennitted by McGraw-Hili for their individual course preparation. If you are a student using this Manual. you are using it without permission.
884
11I
IIi'
PROBLEM 6.74
101
"
'rti I
.
ii
Classify each of the structures shown as completely, partially, or improperly constrained; if completely constrained, further classify it as statically detenninate or indetenninate. (All members can act both in tension and in compression.)
,.
i
I,ll,I
,I,
.1 ,
SOLUTION
= 12
m + r = 16 = 2n
n=8 r=4
unks = eqns
'I
I
I I
Then ABCDGF is a simple truss and all forces can be detennined. This example is completely constrained and detenninate. ... No. of members
I'
Structure (b):
= 12 n =8 r =3
ill!
m+ r
= 15 <
2n
= 16
Note: Quadrilateral DEHG can collapse with joint D moving downward: in (a) the roller at F prevents this action. ,
continued
PROPRIETARY MATERIAL e> 2007 The McGraw-Hili Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed. reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written pennission of the publisher. or used beyond the limited distribution to teacher:> and educators permitted by McGraw-Hili for their individual course preparation. Jfyou are a student using this Manual. you are using it without permission.
Ii
891
Ii
ili
No. of members
m = 13
~ No. ofjoints
=8 =4
m+ r
= 17 > 2n = 16
PROPRIETARY
or distributed
MATERIAL.
in any form
Companies, Inc. AII rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced
written permission of the publisher. or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers
or by any means,
and
educotors permitted by McGraw-Hill for their individual course preparation. If you are a student using this Manual. you are using it without permission.
892
PROBLEM 6.78
III
I'FA 250 mm
For the frame and loading shown, detennine the components of all forces acting on member DECF.
J
-
~ J J
250mm-j 500 111In 250nit
)i
"-l:.-:'---
-~
200 mm
I'
SOLUTION
FBD Frame:
(
7=
LMA
= 1824N
=0
~
....
- ~=O:
-1824N+Ex=0,
so
Ex= 1824 N
....
Ey = 1824Nt....
,I
/%2'11'1
I
V
,'"
-- (;I.s;, lot
~y
= 1824 N
....
t rFy = 0:
= 480 N
....
PROPRIETARY MATERIAL () 2007 The McGraw-Hili Companies, Inc. AII rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed. reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators permitted by McGraw-Hili for their individual course preparation. If you are a student using this Manllal. you are using it without permission.
896
I:
r
!.A
:r
6 in.
PROBLEM 6.86
Detennine the components of the reactions at A and E when a counterclockwisecouple of magnitude 192 lb.in. is applied to the ftame
(a) at B, (b) at D.
"
SOLUTION
I d
rMA
FCE
= 0:
-(8 in.)(
FCE
) -(2 in.)(
FCE
=0 ....
i'
= 19.2J2 lb,
Ex = 19.20lb -
Ey = 19.20lb
....
~ = 0:
Ax Ay
19.2lb = 0,
Ax = 19.20lb -
....
t~
(b) FBD CE:
= 0:
- 19.2lb = 0,
Ay = 19.20lb
....
FAE
= -12.8ffi lb,
4
Ax = r.;; FAE, ..,17
Ax = 51.2lb -
....
c
Ey
Ay = 12.80lb
....
-~
t ~,
= 0: = 0:
Ex - 51.2lb = 0,
Ey
Ex = 51.2lb Ey = 12.80lb
....
- 12.80lb = 0,
....
.-
, II 'I" if I
PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. II:> 2007 The McGraw-Hili Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any fonn or by any means, without the prior written pennission of the publisher. or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators pennilled by McGraw-Hill for their individual course preparation. If you are a student using this Manual, you are using it without permission
904
,.
.,~500li5001
PROBLEM
.....
For the
6.98
and loading shown, detennine the components of all forces
frame
acting on member
ABD.
: .! i
, I I
Dimensions
in rom
j; I; .
f I'
-~=o:
Ax Ay
10.8kN = 0,
F '-)<
fLFy= 0:
- 4 kN - 3 kN = 0,
-4B
o,z.sr.t * II a. b.37M F /tJ$ y
'1.y
0,2slN'l
)<
AN
0: 0:
Bx = 16.2kN,
Bx= 16.20kN-....
Dx = 27 kN,
Dy = 6.5 kN,
Dx= 27.0kN-....
Dy = 6.50 kN! ....
PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. iO 2007 The McGraw-HilI Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher. or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators permitted by McGraw-Hill for their individual course preparation. If you are a student using this Manual, you are using it without permission.
918
I 'i
I t
I;
PI-12f'-):12f'
t~
.
PROBLEM 6.104
7,2ftThe
~,6ft
I 'I
''f-L'
axis of the three-hinge arch ABC is a parabola with vertex at B. Knowing that P = 14 kips and Q = 21 kips, detennine (a) the
components of the reaction at A, (b) the components of the force exerted at B on segment AB.
!II Ii
1'1
1:=2fl
I.
SOLUTION
I
t "
Members FBDs:
21k~
"'" -2/jR-
/1. f't:
i
I
I I I I '
I
1
S' ",
i.
";~.
=0
Solving: Bx = 27.5 kips, By = 2.25kips,
rr
(12.8 ft)Bx- (32 ft)By- (20 ft)(14 kips) = 0 (7.2 ft)Bx+ (24 ft) By- (12 ft)(21 kips)
1:-
~=O:
Ax = 27.5 kips,
(a)
Ax= 27.5kips
t LFy= 0:
t~
PROPRIETARY MATERIAL C>2007 Tbe McGraw-Hili Companies, Inc. AIl rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed. reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators permitted by McGraw-Hili for their individual course preparation. If you are a student using this Manual, you are using it without permission.
925
"O!i' \E \\
PROBLEM 6.123
The double-toggle latching mechanism shown is used to hold member G against the support. Knowing that a = 60, determine the force exerted onG.
~... \'.
c",;\
\"
~.~'//~~
1.5 in. I.:; in.
"!IL ~,.
()
SOLUTION
Member FBDs:
= tan-I
= tan-I
.,
(:BC+ m)sin60
AF + (AB + BC - CD)cos60
..
. I,,,.
(30.-9),'
C 40. '1(
./
2.51~~"' I
,'"0.
1
() = 26.8020
----- -- ~~
~lh,
A
~{!..
1.5 in.
c.
We
= 0:
-- LEx = 0:
t
From FBD ABC:
'fFy
= 0:
= 57.742 lb
+[(4 in.)cos600](57.742Ib)
= 0,
JiBx
+ B.v = 385.37 lb
(I) continued
PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. ~ 2007 The McGraw-Hili Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed. reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher. or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and
educators permitted by McGraw-Hill for their individual coursepreparation. lfyou are a student using this Manual. you are using it without permission. 947
"
"
Ii
rMG = 0:
(2)
Bx
= 243.32 Ib,
By = - 36.075 Ib
--
IF'x = 0:
243.321b- (150.234Ib)cos26.802- Gx = 0,
Gy
Gx = 109.2261b-
t rEy
= 0:
- (150.2341b)sin26.802 + 36.0751b = 0,
Gy = 31.6671b
G = H3.71b "" 16.17....
OnG,
"
'.
.
j '\
" 1.1'
I(,
11,11
'IIII
.
PROPRIETARY MATERIAL ~ 2007 The McGraw-Hili Companies. Inc. All rights reserved, No part of this Manual may be displayed. reproduced or disttibuted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher. or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators permitted by McGraw-Hili for their individual course preparation. If you are a student using this Manual. you are using it without permission.
948
II
PROBLEM 6.128 :.f~~~l.~ A.couple M o~magnitude6 N.m is appliedto the.input li~ of the four-?ar "j.[f"J_ =-:""... slIder mechamsm shown. For each of the two gIven pOSItIOns, determme the force P requiredto hold the system in equilibrium.
SOLUTION
(
~y
e 1',
WB
=0:
('
= 188.562N C
FBD Joint D:
= tan
-1 38.8 mm
92.2 mm
= 22.8230
f3 = tan
-1 37.5 mm - 18.8 mm
38.8mm
= 25.7320
LFx' = 0:
(188.562N)cos(45 -25.732)
-FDEcos(22.823 + 25.732) = 0, FDE= 268.92 N C
FBD E:
rEx = 0:
(268.92N)cos(22.823)-P = 0,
P = 248N -
...
8 = tan 27.8mm
_135.4 mm = 51.8570
f3 = tan-I 27.8 mm - 24.3 mm = 7.55200 26.4 mm (WB = 0: (0.045 m)FCDsin(90-51.857 -7.5510) - 6.00 N'm = 0
FCD = 262.00 N C
continued
PROPRIETARY
educators permilled
MATERIAL
Companies,
Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed. reproduced
If you are a student using this Manual, you are using it without permission.
or distributed in any form or by any means, 1,1,oithout the prior written permission of thepublisher. or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and
by McGraw-Hill course preparation.
955
I' Ii
FBD Joint D:
r = tan
= 42.3630
16.85840
F --- Cc
FBDE:
- r.F'x = 0:
(196.366 N)(cosI6.8584) - P = 0,
P=187.9N
-- ~
:1 I 'il
PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. i!:i2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed. reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher. or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators permitted by McGraw-Hill for their individual course preparation. If you are a student using this Manual, you are using it without permission.
956
'10II,
PROBLEM 6.139
A hand-operated hydraulic cylinder has been designed for use where space is severely limited. Determinethe magnitude of the force exerted on the piston at D when two 90-lb forces are appliedas shown.
I~
I
Zin.
(4 in.) ..k
FCD-(1.5in.) k
FCD= n.J61lb
By synnnetry: FBD Joint D: D= no lb ....
FDE = FCD = 12 .J611b
il
.1
PROPRIETARY MATERIAL (02007 The McGraw-Hili Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators permitted by McGraw-Hill for their individual course preparation. If you are a student using thi.rManual, you are using it without permission.
967
I
I I
PROBLEM 6.150
A 500-kg concrete slab is supportedby a chain and sling attached to the bucket of the ITont-end loader shown. The action of the bucket is control1edby two identical mechanisms, only one of which is shown. Knowing that the mechanism shown supports half of the 500-kg slab, determinethe force (a) in cylinder CD, (b) in cylinder FR.
DhlU."n~;ons in mill
SOLUTION
',II
If.Afj.
(a)
t'!>.-"",
"\.0
= 3.924 kN
Dx
II
to.r1:,
, Ii ii'
. 0, ,il il
.I,
I
I,
3.'2.
ktJ _J.
B
--r
0. II
it
+ (0.35 m) U~ FCD)= 0,
E
]
J
-I
IJ.
r;v 111.
,ll
i
~y FBDEntire linkage:
,5.2
""-'
(~
(LMG= 0: (2.5 m) (2.4525kN) 1 1 0, + (0.2 m) J2 FGH- (0.6 m) J2 FGH=
d,z.>1
1. q!>~kN
65,
,..
,
,I)
;p"
'~.
F'..
J ~ '"
0,1>10\
lPy
FFH=21.677kN,
FFH=21.7 kN C....
,, - -,
{i"
F _FIf
PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. <02007 The McGraw-Hili Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators permitted by McGraw-Hili for their individual course preparation. If you are a student using this Manual, you are using it without permission.
978