Tutorial 9 Cascade Control

Cascade control can dramatically improve the performance of feedback control systems, when it is designed and implemented correctly. This tutorial provides exercises on the proper design of cascade control. Recall that the cascade design criteria provide the basis for the proper selection of cascade control; these criteria should be used during this tutorial. 9.1 a. b. Furnace coil outlet temperature control in Figure 9.1. Determine whether the cascade control is possible as designed. If not, make appropriate changes to achieve cascade control. For each of the following disturbances, determine whether the cascade design, after modifications in part a (if needed), will perform better, the same, or worse than single loop feedback (TC valve). Cascade better Single-loop better Performance the same

Disturbance 1) fuel supply pressure 2) fuel density (composition) 3) fuel control valve sticking 4) feed temperature

FC

PC

TC

FC

Figure 9.1 Fired heater process with simplified control.

9.2 a. b.

Bottoms composition analyzer control for distillation in Figure 9.2. Determine whether the cascade control is possible as designed. If not, make appropriate changes to achieve cascade control. For each of the following disturbances, determine whether the cascade design, after modifications in part a (if needed), will perform better, the same, or worse than single loop feedback (ACvalve) Cascade better Single-loop better Performance the same

Disturbance 1) heating medium temperature 2) feed temperature 3) reflux flow rate 4) heating medium downstream pressure

PC

LC

F Z

XD

q
V
FC LC AC

XB B

Figure 9.2. Two-product distillation with basic regulatory control.

9.3 9.4

For a cascade control design, the sensor for the primary variable should provide good accuracy reproducibility noise moderation For a cascade control design, the sensor for the secondary variable should provide good accuracy reproducibility noise moderation

Tutorial 9. Cascade Control Learning Inventory

1 (low) 1. I recognize that cascade control is an application of feedback control. 1

Confidence 5 (O.K.)

10 (high)

10

2. I can apply the cascade design 1 criteria to properly design cascade control. 3. I know how to implement cascade control using proportional-integral- 1 derivative algorithms. 4. I better understand the benefits of distributed decision making after studying 1 cascade control.

10

10

10