I.

So sanh Gerund va Present participle:

im chung:

V-ing

Phn bit:

Chc nng

Gerund

Present participle

Danh t

ng t
-

Vi tri

Sau gii t

Sau ng t theo sau V-ing

Vi du :
1. Touch your toes without bending your knees !
2. I avoid meeting him again.
3. They found a tree lying across the road.
4. Hearing a strange noise, she ran outside the house.

Sau tn ng ( tn ng sau cac

ng t chi nhn thc, tri giac)
Sau go
u mnh trang ng va tinh
t rut gon khi 2 v co cung chu
ng.

Gerund
Gerund
Present Participle
Present Participle

II. So sanh Perfect Gerund va Perfect Participle:

im chung:

having + V3/ Ved

Phn bit:
Perfect Gerund

Vi tri

Perfect Participle

Sau gii t

Sau tn ng

Sau ng t theo sau V-ing

u mnh

Vi du :
1. He denied having stolen her bag.
2. He was accused of having deserted his ship two months ago.
3. Having read the instruction, he snatched up the fire extinguisher.
4. They found someone having broken into their house last night.

Perfect Gerund
Perfect Gerund
Perfect Participle
Perfect Participle

III. Cach s dung V-ing va Having+ V3/ Ved:

Unit 4/ English 11 mun hng dn cach dung V-ing hay having + V3/ Ved khi rut gon cu co 2
mnh va co cung 1 chu t.

Nu 2 hanh ng 2 mnh xay ra ng thi hay c chia cung thi vi

nhau, ta lc bo chu t 1 mnh ri sau o chia ng t trong mnh o dang V-ing.

Nu 2 hanh ng 2 mnh xay ra theo th t trc sau, ta lc bo chu t

cua mnh co hanh ng xay ra trc ri sau o chia ng t trong mnh o dang
Having + V3/ Ved.
Cch nhn dng trc th:
- Hin tai hoan thanh trc Hin tai n.
- Qua kh hoan thanh trc Qua kh n.
- Qua kh n trc Hin tai n.
So snh 2 v d sau:
1.
2.

When I saw the dog, I ran away.

Seeing the dog, I ran away.
When I had seen the dog, I ran away.
Having seen the dog, I ran away.

( cng l th qu kh )
( qu kh hon thnh v qu kh n )

I. Chn p n ng:
1. Having waited / waiting 5 months for the fridgeto be deliveried, I decide to cancel / have canceled the
order.
2. The government plans to bring / have brought in new laws.
3. He denied telling / having told her that story.
4. Before leaving / having left, she gave me a book.
5. I look forward to seeing / having seen you soon.
6. We are talking about having gone / going to HN next month.
7. I hate being kept waiting / having been kept waiting for her when we go out.
8. I hate being kept waiting / having been kept waiting for her when we went out last night.
II. Vit li cc cu sau dng participle phrase:

1. I knew that he was poor. I offered to pay his fare.

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2. We barricaded the windows. We assembled in the hall.
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3. She became tired of my complaints about the program. She turned it off.

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4. He found no one at home. He left the house in a bad temper.
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5. He hoped to find the will. She searched everywhere.
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6. The criminal removed all traces of his crime. He left the building.
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7. He realized that he had missed the last train. He began to work.
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8. He was exhausted by his work. He threw himself on his bed.
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9. He had spent all his money. He decided to go home and ask his father for a job.
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10. He escaped from prison. He looked for a place where he could get food.
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11. She didn't want to hear the story again. She had heard it all before.
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12. They found the money. They began quarreling about how to divide it.
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13. She entered the room suddenly. She found them smoking.
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14. I turned on the light. I was astonished at what I saw.
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15. We visited the museum. We decided to have lunch in the park.
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16. He offered to show us the way home. He thought we were lost.
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17. He found his revolver. He loaded it. He sat down facing the door.
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18. She asked me to help her. She realized that she couldn't move it alone.
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19. He fed the dog. He sat down to his own dinner.
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20. He addressed the congregation. He said he was sorry to see how few of them had been able
to come.
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21. He thought he must have made a mistake somewhere. He went through his calculations
again.
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22. I have looked through the fashion magazines. I realize that my clothes are hopelessly out of
date.
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23. The tree had fallen across the road. It had been uprooted by the gale.
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24. People were sleeping in the next room. They were woken by the sound of breaking glass.
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25. I knew that the murderer was still at large. I was extremely reluctant to open the door.

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26. He stole the sliver. He looked for a place to hide it.
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27. We were soaked to the skin. We eventually reached the station.
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28. I sat in the front row. I used opera glasses. I saw everything beautifully.
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29. One evening you will be sitting by the fire. You will remember this day.
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30. I didn't like to sit down. I knew that there were ants in the glass.
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31. After I have finished my homework, I went out.
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32. When Mary met me, she was very happy.
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33. Because we had no money, we stayed at home.
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34. I met him last month. I always think of it.
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35. Although I had met him before, I couldn't realized him.
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III. Choose the best participles forms (A - G) to fit into the sentences. One of the forms is
not needed.
A. giving

B. not having been given

C. not giving
D. having been given
E. being given
F. having given
G. given

1. The best part _________ to another actor, Josh felt unwilling to continue his involvement in
the show.
2. I've always treasured the watch _________ to me on my eighteenth birthday.
3. The police officers stood at either end of the hallway, _________ Ray no chance of escape.
4. _________ our tickets to the attendant, we were ushered into the antechamber of the tomb.
5. We are dividing up the grant according to need, the largest amount _________ to the
homeless.
6. _________ the mandatory month's notice by the landlord, the tenant was able to stay on in the
house.