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[6] Roach, P.E., The generation of nearly isotropic

turbulence by means of grids, Int. J. of Heat and Fluid
Flow, 8(2), 1987.
[7] Johnson, M.W., 1994. A bypass transition model for
boundary layers. ASME J. of Turbomachinery 116,
759764.
[8] Musker, A.J., Explicit expression for smooth wall
velocity distribution in a turbulent boundary layer. AIAA
Journal, Vol. 17, No. 6, pp. p55-657, 1979.

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[1] Walker, G.J., and Gostelow, J.P., Effects of adverse

pressure gradients on the nature and length of boundary
layer transition, ASME, Paper No. 89-GT-274, 1989.
][2
Saric,W.S.,
Laminar-turbulent
transition:
Fundamentals, In: Special Course on Skin Friction Drag
Reduction, AGARD R-786, 1992b
[3] Mayle, R. E., The Role of Laminar-Turbulent
Transition in Gas Turbine Engines. ASME J.
Turbomach., 113, pp. 509537, 1991.

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Fully Laminar
Fully Turbulent

0.006

Nonzero Pressure Gradient

0.005

Ze ro Pre ssure Gradient

0.004

Cf

0.003
0.002
0.001

0
6.00E+05

700

500

600

300

400

100

200

4.00E+05

5.00E+05

3.00E+05
Re ,x

2.00E+05

1.00E+05

0.00E+00

-0.05 0
-0.15
-0.25
-0.35

Cp
Nonzero Pressure Gradient
2.6
Zero Pressure Gradient

-0.45
-0.55

Fully laminar

2.4

Fully turbule nt

2.2
H

-0.65

)X(mm
1.8
1.6

6.00E+05

4.00E+05

5.00E+05

3.00E+05

1.00E+05

2.00E+05

1.4
0.00E+00

Re,x

0.8
X=700mm
X=600mm
X=500mm
X=393mm

U/U0

0.6

35

X=700mm
X=600mm

X=300mm

0.4

30

X=500mm

X=200mm

25

X=393mm

X=100mm

X=300mm

0.2

Blasius

20

X=200mm

u+
15

X=100mm
0
1.2

0.8

0.4

0.6

0.2

Musker Correlation

10

u+ = y+

Y/De lta

5
0

1000

100

10

y+

- u+ y+
u+=y+

X=700mm

14

X=600mm
12

X=500mm
X=393mm

10

Blasius

X=300mm

X=100mm

Exp. Data

u/U0%

X=200mm

10
8
6
)Delta(mm
4

0
1.2

0.8

0.6
Y/Delta

0.4

0.2

500000

400000

300000

200000

100000

Re,x