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Vedic approach considers the orientation, symmetry, proportions and the system of doors and windows, helping in the harmonization of energy fields in a given architectural space, to be in consonance with the minds, material and bodies of dwellers. Refined assembly of architectural morphology of forms and patterns, construction and visual details Vastushastra has its roots in all Upveda and in Vedas, Vedanganas, Upanishads which developed over a period of 4000 years since the time of Rig Veda. The Shrities, the Sutras, the Smrities, the Epics, Agamas, Jatak Katha, literature of Kalidas, Arthashastra, Kautilya and Bhrugu samhita and Varah Mihar- earlier sources dating from the period 3000 B.C.-6A.D.
The main texts of south Indian or Dravidian schools are:I. Manasara II. Mayamata The main texts of North Indian or Aryan schools are:I. Samarangana Sutradhar II. Aparajita Praccha III. Rajavallabha Manasara, most perfect one having elaborate and exhaustive details, chiefly for temple or sacred architecture and for town planning, according to the Hindu ideals and is referred as a standard of work by the South Indians. Mayamata or Maya-shilpa whose author is Divine Maya or the architect of the Asuras.
North Street
The fortified camp of the Aryans was a rectangular enclosure with its four sides facing the four quarters, divided into four wards by the two main streets, which crossed each other in the center and terminated at the four ends by four Rajmarga principal gates. There were four subsidiary gates near the corners of the Mangalavithi villages so that the whole circumference of the walls was Plan of an Indo Aryan village divided into eight- The Eight Fold Path.
Eastern gate, the starting point of the circumambulatory rite was dedicated to Brahma, the Creator represented by the rising sun.
Southern gate, symbolized the sun at noon, was dedicated to Indra the Vedic god who ruled the firmament during the day
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Symbolism
Shapes: The most experimented ones are square, triangle, polygon, rectangle, circle, ellipse, oval and the free form. These forms are analyzed according to their suitability for human use. Some lend themselves better to physical use than others, some create spiritual well being, others add to the energy levels. For each of these shapes, ayadi or beneficial measure calculation can be made, and specific patterns of interactions built up based on the pattern of the interior. Mandala or Mandalam: It is a representation of the cosmos through geometric forms whereby the living space is laid out in a variety of patterns. The outer circle(or square) of the Mandala holds the gate keepers, the inner the form less energies. The movement inward is a re-entry and rediscovery of the true spirit, and the outward movement a constant quest into the interface and relationship with the world outside.
Raksha chakra or the Astrological tim cycle superimposed on the Vastupurusha mandal.
Brahmasthanam Deivikapadam Manushapadam Vaastu Purusha Mandal of 81 squares- Paramasayika Or Chandita Pada
Paisachikapadam
Energy Levels: The Romans oriented all the buildings in their villages, towns, cities and roads with respect to the 2nd Global Bio Electro Magnetic Field (BEM) grids. Used Maximus Cardo for N-S direction and Maximus Decumanus for E-W directions. In ancient India, both the 2nd Global and 2nd Diagonal were used in the concept of the eight dishas, for the orientation of temples with respect to residential areas. In Indian subcontinent there are cyclic variations in the telluric BEM grids but these have a fixed pattern, and these patterns match the exact concept of kaal and ghadi, i.e., 8 ghadis from sunrise to sunset and 8 ghadis from sunset to sunrise, each ghadi being of 1 hours duration. Lecher antenna and the Biometer are the instruments for measuring the various energy fields, a scale developed by a French man, Antonie Bovis, and his colleague Andre Simonton. Bovis is the unit considered to measure the energy levels. 0 Bovis represents no energy. 6,500 Bovis is the normal human, physical body energy. 6,500-16,000 Bovis are the energies of different chakras of the body. These energy axes of the body are dependant on 3 sources of energy that animate them: 1) The Sun (from sunrise to sunset)- Ida Nadi. 2) The Moon (from moonrise to moonset)- Pingala Nadi 3) The Earth (24hrs)- Sushmna Nadi
Supra- Individual
Sahsrara Soma Manas Ajna Visuddhi Anahata` Manipura Svadhisthana Muladhara Swastika or the satya has a formidable positive energy lvl of 10,00,000 Bovis. The Swastika used by Hitler has a terribly low energy level of 1,000 Bovis.
Individual
The subtle relationship that exists between the orientations (dishas) and the different types of energy radiations that relate to energy axes in our body, is the key understanding the relationship between energy fields of man and buildings.
The swastika in reverse has the same energy level as in satva, but is totally negative.
Standardization of Village & Town Form: It was a contribution from the Shilpa Shastras. The Varnasrama-Paribhaga, made it possible to divide the village into various zones. Viswakarma Vastushastra describes 12 types of villages according to their characteristics. Manasara classifies the villages into eight types according to their shape, the method of street planning and the method of fold and temple planning.
DANDAKA: This village resembles a staff as the name suggest and follows a ribbon development along the
principal streets. It is a rectangular or a square and possesses a rampart of the same shape. It consists of one to five parallel streets and two more streets may be planted at right angles at both extremities of the above parallel streets. A third transverse street crosses them from the middle and the width of the street varies. The middle street being broader than the others (rajamarg). The two transverse streets at the extremities have a single row of houses; the principal or the central streets are lined with a double row of houses. The offices of the village officers and of the village panchayats should be located in the eastern portion of the town.
SARVATOBHADRA: The village is either oblong or square and may be divided into inter chambers after Manduka
mandala or sthandila mandala. In the centre of the village the temple dedicated to the triad- Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva will be situated. The no of streets varies from one to five with a boulevard going around the village. The village was divided into zones by road forming the spheres of Brahma, of the gods, of the humans and of the demons respectively. The internal streets are lined with a single row of houses while the double row of houses ranges the outer streets.
SWASTIKA: The town resembles the mystic figure of Swastika. The site is divided into Paramasayika mandala. Two main streets shall run E-W ad N-S in the middle. The branch streets shall follow the pattern of Swastika.
PRASTARA: This type of village resembles a couch. The village is either square or oblong in form. It has three roads running E-W and several roads numbering 3-7 running N-S. It is divided as to form the mystic figure of Paramasayika, Manduka or Sthandila. Within the outer boundaries, the space is divided into 4,9 or sixteen wards by a network of an appropriate no of roadways. In the wards again the roads are planned in chess-board pattern Every ward is divided into an equal size of plots by means of branch roads.