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ANCOL- PHENOL DNG I: VIT CHUI PHN NG CTCT GI TN Cu 1. Vit cng thc chung ca: 1/ ancol no n chc. 2/ ancol n chc. 3/ ancol no. Cu 2. Vit CTCT v gi tn(thng thng + thay th) cc cht c cng CTPT 1/ C3H8O 2/ C4H10O 3/C5H11OH (cho bit s ancol bcI? bcII? bc III?) Cu 3. Hon thnh s phn ng sau dng CTCT v ghi r k ca phn ng.
1 Propan2ol. Bit mi mi tn c th ng vi nhiu PTHH. Propan1ol 2

Cu 4. Vit 5 PTHH iu ch trc tip C2H5OH t nhng cht u thch hp. Cu 5. Vit 5 PTHH iu ch trc tip CH3OH t nhng cht u thch hp. Cu 6. Vit PTHH thu phn cc cht c cng cng thc phn t sau trong dung dch kim un nng? 1/ C3H5Cl 2/ C3H6Cl2 3/ C3H5Cl3 Cu 7. Cho cc ancol mch h c CTPT: C3H8Ox. C bao nhiu CTCT ca cc ancol tha mn cng thc trn. Cu 8. So snh nhit si ca cc cht sau : 1/CH3OH, C2H5OH, CH3OCH3. ; 2/C2H5OH, H2O, CH3OCH3. 3/C2H5OH, H2O, CH3COOH Cu 9. t chy ha ton 0,1 mol ancol no X cn dng va ng 8,0 gam oxi. Tm X? Cu 10. Hon thnh s phn ng sau dng CTCT v ghi r k.
1 2 metylpropan1ol. Bit mi mi tn c th ng vi nhiu PTHH. 2 metylpropan2ol 2

Cu 11. Hon thnh s phn ng sau dng CTCT v ghi r k.

KOH,ancolkhan KOH,ancolkhan +NaOH HCl HCl H 2SO 4 d,180 A D F (CH3)2CHCH2CH2Cl B E G H 2 O(5) t o (1) t o (3) 2 4 6
o

Bit A,B, l cc sn phm chnh. Cu 12. Hon thnh s phn ng sau v ghi r k. 1 2 3 4 5 6 C2H5OH A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 CH3OCH3 Bit A1... A5 l cc hp cht hu c. Cu 13. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng ho hc(nu c) CuO CuO ? ; 2/ C2H5OH ?; 1/ CH3OH to to

?; 4/ (CH3)2C(OH)CH3 ? 3/ (CH3 )2CHOH to to Cu 14. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng ho hc gia cc cht sau v gi tn sn phm
CuO CuO H 2SO 4 ,d,t 1/ HCOOH +CH3OH ; H 2SO4 ,d,t 2/ CH3COOH + C2H5OH ; H 2SO 4 ,d,t 3/ CH3COOH +(CH3 )2CHOH
o o o

Cu 15. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng ho hc sau H 2SO 4 ,d H 2SO 4 ,d ? ; 2/ C2H5OH ?; 1/ CH3OH 140o C 140o C

2 4 2 4 ?; 4/(CH3)3COH ? 3/ (CH3 )2CHOH 180o C 140o C

H SO ,d

H SO ,d

Cu 17. Hon thnh s phn ng sau dng CTCT v ghi r k. X

+ Cl2 H 2 SO 4, d ,to Cl2 ,500 C HNO3 /H 2SO4 ,t E A D F B H 2 O(5) 1 4 3 6
o

+NaOH

Y Bit A l cht kh, E l ancol a chc. Xc nh CTCT ca X,Y, A,B.. Cu 18. Hon thnh s phn ng sau dng CTCT v ghi r k.

X3 X2 X1 CnH2n+2 Bit X3 v Y3 c cng cng thc phn t C2H6O v X1, Y1, ch cha C,H,O 2 4 Y1 Y2 Y3 Cu 19. Hon thnh s phn ng sau dng CTCT v ghi r k.
1 3

Hc24h (CH3)3COH. Bit mi mi tn c th ng vi nhiu PTHH (CH3)2CHCH2OH 2

1

Cu 20: Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng theo cc s sau ( ghi r iu kin phn ng nu c).

CH3COOC2H5 a) C6H12O6 CH3CHO

(22) (2) (1) (6)

(3)

C2H4
(4) (5)

(23)

C2H4(OH)2 (25)

(24)

OHC-CHO
(11) (12)

C2H5OH
(8) (9) (13)

(10)

C4H6
(14)

Cao su Buna CH4

(16)

(7)

C2H5Cl
(21)

CH3COOH CH3OCH3 B
(3) (5)

CH3COONa CH3OH

(15)

(17)

C4H10

C2H2 b) Tinh bt

(20) (1)

C2H6 A
(2)

(4)

(19)

(18)

HCHO

Cao su buna

(6)

D
(1)

(7) (3)

+B (8)

B D

(2)

E F

c)

G (C2H6O) K (C2H6O) B2
+H2O (4) OH +H2O OH (7)

A
(4) (5) (6)

(3)

d)

Propilen

+H2 Ni, to (1)

B1

+Cl2 askt (2) (6)

B3

+O2 (5) Cu, to +O2 (8) Cu, to

B4

C2

C3

C4

DNG II: XC NH CTCT DA P CHY Bi 1. t chy hon ton a gam hn hp hai ancol no n chc thu c 8,96 lt CO2 (ktc) v 10, gam H2O. Tm cng thc ca hai ancol, tnh % khi lng mi ru trong hn hp, bit t khi mi ancol so vi oxi u nh hn 2. Bi 2. t 15,4 gam hn hp hai ancol no c cng s nguyn t cacbon , thu c 13,44 lt CO2 (ktc) v 16,2 gam nc. Tm cng thc phn t, cu to ca hai ancol. Cho 15,4 g hn hp trn tc dng vi natri th s c bao nhiu lt H2 (ktc) thot ra. Bi 3. t hai ancol no ng ng ca nhau A v B c s mol bng nhau, thu c CO2 v H2O c t l s mol l 2 : 3. a) A, B c th l nhng ancol no. b) t chy hon ton 4,6 gam hn hp hai ancol trn, sau dn sn phm chy ln lt qua bnh 1 ng 50 g dung dch H2SO4 sau qua bnh 2 cha 0,15 mol Ca(OH) 2 trong dung dch. tnh khi lng kt ta to ra.

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Bi 4 Hn hp A gm 0,1 mol C2H6O2 v 0,2 mol cht X. t chy ht hn hp A cn 21,28 lt O2 (ktc) v thu c 35,2 gam CO2 v 19,8 gam H2O. Xc nh cng thc phn t, cng thc cu to v gi tn X. Bi 5 t chy hon ton 2 ru n chc, ng ng k tip thu c CO2 v hi H2O theo t l th tch 7:10. 1 Chng minh hn hp cha 2 ru no. 2 Tm cng thc phn t ca 2 ru. Bi 6 t chy hon ton m(g) hn hp hai ru n chc cng mt dy ng ng thu c 3,52g CO2 v 1,98g H2O. 1- Tnh m. 2- Oxi ho m(g) hn hp 2 ru trn bng CuO (phn ng hon ton) ri cho sn phm phn ng vi Ag2O/NH3 d thu c 2,16g Ag. Tm CTCT 2 ru v thnh phn % theo khi lng mi ru Cu 7: Cho 3,2 gam CH3OH v b mol hh 2 ancol no, n, k tip ri trn u c hh Y. Chia Y lm 2 phn bng nhau. P1: tc dng ht vi Na thu c 2,24 lt H2(ktc) P2: t chy hon ton ri cho ton b sn phm chy ln lt qua bnh 1 ng P2O5 d, bnh 2 ng Ba(OH)2 d . Sau khi phn ng kt thc bnh 1 nng thm a gam, bnh 2 nng thm (a+11,35) gam a, Tm CT 2 ancol b, Tnh % khi lng cc ancol trong hh Y .Bi 8 t chy hon ton 0,93 gam ru D thu c CO2 v H2O theo t l: mCO2: mH2O = 44: 27. Ton b sn phm chy c th bng mt lng va l 45 ml dung dch Ba(OH) 20,5M, thu c 0,015 mol BaCO3 kt ta. Tm cng thc phn t ca D. Bi 9: Chia hn hp gm 2 ru no mch h A, B lm 2 phn bng nhau. Phn 1: Cho tc dng ht vi Na d thu c 0,896 lt kh (ktc) . Phn 2: em t chy hon ton thu c 3,06 gam H2O v 5,28 gam CO2. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca 2 ru, bit khi t V th tch hi ca A hoc B th th tch CO 2 thu c trong cng iu kin nhit v nhit u khng vt qu 3V Bi 10: Hn hp X gm gm 2 cht hu c k tip nhau trong cng dy ng ng, phn t ca chng ch c mt loi nhm chc. Chia X lm 2 phn bng nhau. - t chy ht phn 1 ri cho ton b sn phm chy (ch c CO 2 v hi H2O) vo dung dch nc vi trong d, thy khi lng bnh tng 5,24 gam v to ra 7 gam kt ta. - Cho phn th 2 tc dng ht vi Na d sinh ra V lt H2 (o 27,30C, 1,25 atm). a)Xc nh cng thc cu to v thnh phn % theo khi lng mi cht trong X b)Tnh V. Bi 11: t chy hon ton 1,52 gam mt ru X thu c 1,344 lt CO2 (ktc) v 1,44 gam H2O. a)Xc nh cng thc n gin v cng thc phn t ca X. b)Vit cng thc cu to ca X, bit X ho tan c Cu(OH)2 nhit thng. c)Cho 2,28 gam ru X trn tc dng vi 3 gam axit axetic c H 2SO4 c lm xc tc. Tnh tng khi lng este to thnh. Gi thit hiu sut phn ng este ho t 100%. . Bi 12: Cho hn hp X gm 6,4 gam ru metylic vo b mol hn hp 2 loi ru no n chc ng ng lin tip nhau. Chia X lm 2 phn bng nhau. - Phn 1: Cho tc dng ht vi Na thu c 4,48 lt H2. - Phn 2: t chy hon ton ri cho sn phm chy ln lt qua 2 bnh kn, bnh 1 ng P 2O5, bnh 2 ng Ba(OH)2 d. Phn ng kt thc nhn thy bnh 1 nng thm a gam, bnh 2 nng thm (a + 22,7) gam. a)Vit phng trnh phn ng. b)Xc nh cng thc phn t ca 2 ru. Vit cng thc cu to cc ng phn ca 2 ru ni trn. Gi tn. c)Tnh % khi lng cc cht trong hn hp X. Bit: Cc th tch kh o ktc, cc phn ng c hiu sut 100%.

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Bi 13: t chy hon ton m gam hn hp A gm 2 ru no, n chc. Sn phm chy ln lt cho qua bnh 1 ng H2SO4 c, bnh 2 ng Ca(OH) 2 d thy bnh 1 tng 1,98 gam, bnh 2 c 8 gam kt ta. Mt khc oxi ho m gam A bng CuO nhit cao cho n khi phn ng hon ton, sn phm thu c cho tc dng vi dung dch AgNO 3/NH3 d thu c 2,16 gam kt ta. a)Tnh m. b)Xc nh CTCT v gi tn 2 ru. Bi14: Oxi ha hon ton 0,01 mol 1 ancol n chc X cn 1,008 lt O 2 thu c 0,672 lt CO2 v m gam nc (cc kh o ktc). Tnh khi lng H2O to thnh v cng thc ca X. (0,72, C3H8O) Bi 15: t chy hon ton a gam hh 2 ancol n chc k tip nhau trong dy thu c 4,48 lt CO2 v 4,95 gam H2O. Tm CTPT v % mi ancol (C 2H5OH 27,7% v C3H7OH) Bi 16: t chy hon ton 5,3 gam hh 2 ancol no n chc k tip nhau trong dy thu c hh CO2 v H2O. Dn hh ny qua nc vi trong d thy xut hn 25 gam kt ta. Tm CTPT 2 ancol v % theo khi lng. Bi 17: t chy hon ton mt ancol A ch thu c CO2 v H2O vi t l khi lng l 44:27. Tm CTPT v CTCT ca A bit A ha tan Cu(OH)2. Vit PTHH. Bi 18: t chy hon ton 2 ancol n chc mch h k tip nhau trong dy thu c kh CO2 v hi nc, t l th tch tng ng l 5:7. Tm CTPT 2 ancol v % theo khi lng. DNG III: Bi tp v phn ng tch nc ancol Cu 1: Mt hn hp X gm 2 ancol A, B lin tip trong cng dy ng ng khi b kh nc hon ton thu c 2 anken. Cho bit khi lng X l 5,978 gam, khi lng 2 anken l 4 gam. Tm CTPT 2 ancol. Cu 2: un ancol no, n chc, mch h X vi dd H 2SO4 c k thch hp thu c cht hu c Y. Tm CTPT ca X trong 2 trng hp sau. a, dX/y = 0,695 b, dX/y = 1,642 Cu 3: Cho m gam mt ancol no, n chc mch h bc 1 tc dng vi Na d thu c 4,48 lt H2 (ktc). Cn khi tch nc ni phn t t m gam ancol c 22,4 gam mt anken phn nhnh. Xc nh CTCT ca ancol. Cu 4: un n ancol n chc khc nhau vi H 2SO4 c 1400C th thu c ti a bao nhiu ete. Cu 5: Mt hn hp 2 ancol n chc c khi lng 28,09 gam. Nu cho hn hp trn tc dng vi Na d thu c 5,936 lt kh (ktc). Nu un hh trn vi H2SO4 c th lng ete thu c l bao nhiu gam. Cu 6: t chy hon ton m gam hn hp 3 ancol no, n chc thu c 4,48 lt CO2(ktc). khi tch nc m gam hn hp 3 ancol no, n chc thu c cc anken. t chy hon ton anken thu c a gam nc. Tnh a. Cu 7: un 41,4 gam hn hp 3 ancol no, n chc mch h vi H2SO4 c 1400C thu c 33,3 gam hn hp cc ete c s mol bng nhau. Tnh s mol mi ete Cu 8: un nng hn hp 2 ancol no, n chc mch h vi H 2SO4 c 1400C thu c 21,6 gam nc v 72 gam hn hp 3 ete c s mol bng nhau. Tm cng thc CT ca 2 ancol. Mt hn hp gm 2 ancol no, n chc k tip. Ly m gam hh ny tc dng ht vi Na d thu c 5,6 lt H2(ktc). kh nc m gam hh thu c 14,13 gam hh 3 ete v hh X gm 2 ancol d v H2O. Cho X phn ng vi Na d thu c 3,08 lt H2 (ktc). a, Tm cng thc 2 ancol b, Tnh m. DNG IV: P OXI HQ KHNG HON TON Cu 1: Oxi ha mt ancol n chc X thu c hn hp Y gm axit, andehit, nc v ancol cn d. Cho Y tc dng vi Na va thu c 0,4 mol H2. Cho Y tc dng vi Na2CO3 va thu c 0,1 mol kh. % s mol ca X b oxi ha thnh axit l? Cu 2: Cho m gam mt ancol no n chc X qua bnh ng CuO ( d) un nng. Sau khi phn ng hon ton, khi lng ca cht rn trong bnh gim 0,32 gam. Hn hp hi thu c c t khi i vi hir l 15,5. Gi tr ca m l? Cu 3: Oxi ha m gam mt ancol no n chc bng CuO ( d) un nng. Sau phn ng hon ton khi lng ca cht rn trong bnh gim 0,48gam. Hn hp hi thu c c t khi i vi heli l 9,5. Gi tr ca m l? Cu 4: Oxi ho 4 g 1 ru n chc X trong iu kin thch hp thu c hn hp sn phm c khi lng 5,2 g bao gm anehit, ru d, nc. Xc nh X Cu 5: Oxi ha m g ru elytic bng CuO thnh anehit vi hiu sut l h%. Lc b cht rn khng tan. Lm lnh dung dch. Cht lng thu c cho tc dng vi Na d, sinh ra 0,02 gam H2. Gi tr ca m l:

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Cu 6: Oxi ho 26,64 gam ancol n chc no bng CuO c d un nng thu c xton Y. Lng Cu sinh ra cho phn ng ht vi axit HNO3 long, thot ra 5,376 lt kh khng mu ha nu ngoi khng kh( sn phm kh duy nht o iu kin tiu chun). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l:. Cu 7: em oxi ha hu hn m gam metanol bng 3,584 lt O2 (ktc) c xc tc thch hp, thu c 14,72 gam hn hp A gm fomanehit, axit fomic, metanol v nc. trung ha lng hn hp A trn cn dng 100ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Phn trm metanol b oxi ha to fomanehit l: Dng V: Phn ng th vi kim loi kim Cu 1/ Ha tan hon ton ancol A mch h vo nc c dd c nng 71,875%. Ly 12,8g dd cho tc dng vi Na d thu c 5,6 lt H2 (ktc). T khi hi ca A so vi NO2 = 2. Xc nh A. Cu 2/ 1 ancol X no, mch h, c s nhm chc bng s nguyn t Cacbon.Cho 9,3g X tc dng vi Na d thu c 0,15mo H2.Xc nh X. Cu 3/ 1 ankanol X c %MC = 60%. Cho 18g X tc dng vi Na d thu c V lt H2 ( ktc ). Tnh V. Cu 4/ hh G gm 1 ancol no, n chc v H2O.Cho 21g G tc dng vi Na d thu c 7,84 lt H 2 ( ktc ) Mt khc: t chy hon ton 21g G thu c sn phm cho qua dd Ca(OH) 2 d c m gam kt ta. Tnh m Cu 5/ t chy hon ton m gam hh 2 ancol X, Y lin tip nhau trong cng dy ng ng cho 0,3 mol CO2 v 0,425 mol H2O. Mt khc m gam h h ny tc dng vi Na d thu c 0,125 mol H2. MX v MY u b hn 93 dvc. Xc

nh CTCT ca X v Y Cu 6/ Cho 100 gam dd ancol n chc no X 46%. Thm vo dd ny 60 gam ancol no, n chc Y l ng ng k tip ca X c dd M. Cho ton b dd M tc dng ht vi Na c 56 lit H2 (dktc). Xc nh CTCT X, Y
VI: Bi ton ru a chc Ru a chc c nhiu nhm OH ng k nhau p vi Cu(OH)2 to dung dch mu xanh lam trong sut p ny dung phn bit ru a chc v ru n chc Cu 1: Ru A c CTPT C3HyOz. %m O= 42,1%. A phn ng vi Cu(OH)2. CT A l : Cu 2: Cho glixerol tc dng vi HCl, thu c sn phm (B) cha 32,1% clo. CTCT (B)? Cu 3: Cho glixerol tc dng vi dd HNO3 (c) thu c hp cht (A) cha 18,5% nit. Cng thc cu to ca (A)? Cu 4: 4,6g ru a chc no tc dng vi Na (d) sinh ra 1,68 lt H2 (ktc). MA 92 vC. Xc nh Cng thc phn t (A).