AP HuG Unit 1

Reading Guide
Chapter 1

Name _____________________________________________

1. Does it make a difference where things are located?

2. Geographers are interested in how things are ________________________ in different regions.
- What does interrelated mean?
3. Geographic awareness is present in your own _____________ life.
- What examples are given?
4. Geography is about space & the ___________________ ____ _________________.
5. Which ancient group developed the discipline of geography?
- What did the Greeks global grid involve?
6. What other ancient peoples were interested in geography?
7. ______________________ geographers focus on one or a few related aspects of environment & human societies;
_______________________ geographers focus on the natural environment; ___________________ geography emphasizes people
& their relationships with the space they occupy.
8. What common questions will all geographers ask?
9. __________________ space is physically real with measurable extent & definitive ___________________.
____________________ space is perceptual & not permanent.
- Define perceptual
10. A sense of place is the _______________________ we have to specific locations & their attributes.
11. The sense of place is reinforced by recognized ______________ & _________________ distinctiveness.
12. __________________ is the starting point of geographic study. ____________________ location is the identification of a place
by a system of ______________________. Absolute location is __________________ to each place & is
_________________________ of other characteristics. _____________________ location is the position of a place in relation to
other places & _______________________.
13. ___________ goes with absolute location & refers to _________________ & ___________________ attributes of a place.
____________________ goes with relative location & refers to the relation of a place to items of significance
14. ____________________ direction is based on the points of North, South, East, & West. ___________________ directions are
culturally based directional references.
15. ____________________ distance is the spatial separation between 2 points on earth. ___________________ distance refers to
other, more understandable units of measuring distance.
16. Scale tells us the mathematical relationship between the size of an area on a ___________ & ___________ size of the mapped
area.
- Why must scale be represented on maps?
17. __________________ characteristics of a place could include: _______________ & soil, water supplies, _________________,
etc.... Human action occurs in these ___________________ landscapes. The physical environment presents
______________________ & ______________________ humans must deal with. Virtually every ____________ activity leaves its
_________________ on an area.

18. A ___________________ landscape is the ___________________ expression of human __________________.

19. The built landscape is the product of _____________ ______________ & has increasingly replaced the ________________
landscape.
20. Interaction between places __________________ in intensity & frequency as distance between them ________________.
(distance decay)
21. Connectivity is a concept implying all the _____________________ & ____________________ ways places are connected.
- Examples?
22. Spatial ____________________ is the process of dispersion of an ____________ or an ____________ from a _____________ of
origin to more _______________ points with which its directly or indirectly connected.
- In what ways are diffusion rates affected?
23. When a relationship is _________________, it defines arithmetic _________________; density is the number of items &
observations within a defined area.
24. Dispersion is the amount of _________________ of a phenomenon over an ___________; how far things are ________________
_________. If they are close together, they are ____________________ (agglomerated). If they are spread out, they are
________________________ (scattered).
25. Most ___________________ cities have streets displaying a ____________ pattern as a result of the Ordinance of ___________.
- What other countries use this? Why are geometrical patterns of distribution useful?
26. Spatial _____________________ permit us to recognize & define ______________, which are earth areas that display elements
of ____________________ ______________________ & difference from surrounding areas.
- What does uniformity mean?
27. Regions may be either __________________, functional, or _____________________. A functional region as a _________ area
where characterizing features are most clearly defined; ________________ in prominence toward the regions _________________.
Perceptual regions reflect _________________ & ________________ rather than objective ___________; may be more meaningful
to people
- What does periphery mean?
28. Maps are tools to identify __________________ & analyze their ________________ _________________ is a vital element of
every map. The smaller the scale, the larger area if covers & less detailed. The larger the scale, the smaller the area & more detailed.
______________ -scale maps show small areas; ________________-scale maps how large areas.
29. All map __________________ are methods chosen to represent the earths curved surface as a ___________ ____________,
and they all distort.
- What does distort mean?
30. Maps are geographers primary tools of _______________ _______________. Key reference points in the grid system are the
North & South Poles & the Prime Meridian. Latitude measures distance North & South of the equator & run East to West. Longtitude
measures distance East & West of the prime meridian & are represented in North/South lines.
31. Maps can distort & _________ as readily as they can convey spatial data or ____________ __________________.
32. GIS ___________ ___________ may contain place-specific information collected & published by the U.S. Census
_______________.
33. Maps & _______________ are the devices geographers use to achieve _______________ & separate the study of spatial
systems.