Επαναληψη μιγαδικων 2013

1 http://mathhmagic.blogspot.
gr/
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2013
:..-.- .- .
..-.- .-
2 http://mathhmagic.blogspot.gr/
-
.
, ,, , ,
.
( 3),
. ,
2013
.
, ..
!!!

1) .
2) z, w Re(z + w ) = Re(z) + Re(w ) .
3) z, w Re(z w ) = Re(z) Re(w ) .
4) z z z = 0 .
5) i = i , , , 4.
6) 1 + i 3
= 8 .
7) z z z = z .
8) z z I z = z .
9) z, w z 2 + w 2 = 0 z = 0 w = 0 .
10) i 2012 + i 2013 + i 2014 + i 2015 0.
11) z =
+ i
, (z)
1 i
12) z 2 = z .
13) z1 = 3 + 3i, z 2 = 7 + 7i z1 < z 2 .
14) z =
e + ( 2 + 1)i
, , z = 1 .
( 2 + 1) e i
15) z, w : z w = z w .
16) z C : (x + 3) 2 + y 2 = 32 z
0.
..-.- .-
17) 3 + i, 2 i x 2 5x + = 0 .
18) z z .
19) z 2i = z + 2i x ' x .
20) z > 0 z .
21) z C z = 3 z = 3 .
22) 1 < 2 1 < 2 + 3i 3i 1 + 3i < 2 + 3i .
23) z1 , z 2 : z1 = z 2 z1 = z 2
24) z 2 + z + = 0, , .
25) z, w wz w z
0.
26) z, w z w < z + w .
1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11) 12) 13) 14) 15) 16) 17) 18)

19) 20) 21) 22) 23) 24) 25) 26)

1)) :
(1 + i) 2 , (1 + i 3)3
) (), :
(1 + i)188 , (1 + i)83 , (1 + i 3) 24
1, = 0
i, = 1
i =
1, = 2
i, = 3
= 4 + = 0, 1, 2, 3 .

.
1974
1+ i
1+ i 3
) :
) 2 () i
I .
= ( i 2 ) = ( 1) = ...
) 2 +1 ()
) :
i 2 +1 = ( i 2 ) i = ( 1) i = ...
1 + i 3
1 i 3
+
= 2
2
2
{1, i} .
4 :
) (1 + i) 2 = 1 + 2i + i 2 = 2i .
- i R .
- i .
..-.- .-
( ) + (i 3 )
2
(1 + i 3)3 = 13 + 3i 3 + 3 i 3
= 1 + 3i 3 9 + i 3
( 3)
= 1 + 3i 3 9 3i
( 3 ) = 8
) (1 + i)188 = ( (1 + i) 2 ) = ( 2i )94 = 294 i 423 + 2 = 294 i 2 = 294

94
(1 + i)83 = (1 + i)82 (1 + i) = (1 + i) 2
41
(1 + i) =
= ( 2i ) (1 + i) = 2 41 i 41 (1 + i) = 2 41 i10 4 +1 (1 + i) = 2 41 i(1 + i)
41
1974
(1 + i )1974
(1 + i 3) 24 = (1 + i 3) 3
) 1 + i
1+ i 3
= ( 8 ) = 88
8
(1 + i 3 )
1974
((1 + i ) )
2 987
1+ i 3
658
( 2i )987
( 8 )658
2 987 i 987
(2 )
3 658
2 987 i 4246 + 3
i3
1
=
= 987 i I
1974
987
2
2
2
1 + i 3
1 i 3
= .. = 1 ,
= .. = 1 , =3 , .
2
2
2) : 2i = (4 34)i
. :
4 34
2i = (4 34)i i =
iI
2
4 34
,
2
i = i i = i
= 4 + 1, (1)
= 4 + 1, (1)
= 4 + 1, (1)
- i = i

4 34
4 34 = 2
= 9,
=1
2
= 4 + 3, (2)
= 4 + 3, (2)
= 4 + 3, (2)
- i = i

4 34
4 34 = 2
= 8, , (2)
= 1
2
3) 3 + 7i .
) 7 + 3i = i(3 7i) .
)
: (3i + 7) + (3 7i) = 0
) ()
..-.- .-
i) i + i 2 + .... + i 987
i.
ii) * , 200 206 i3 +1 + i = 0 .
1)
) : i(3 7i) = 3i 7i 2 = 3i + 7 (1)
1 ,,
.
(1)
) (3i + 7) + (3 7i) = 0 (i(3 7i)) + (3 7i) = 0 i (3 7i) + (3 7i) = 0
2) :
(3 7i) 0
(3 7i) (i + 1) = 0 i + 1 = 0 i = 1 = 4 + 2, .
= 0 =2.
=2
) i) i + i 2 + .... + i987 = i + i 2 + .... + i1974 = i
i1974 1 1974 = 4493+ 2 i 2 1 2i

=
i
=
= .. = 1 i
i 1
i 1 i 1
=2
ii) i3 +1 + i = 0 i3 +1 + i 2 = 0 i3 +1 = 1 3 + 1 = 4,
3 + 1 = 4 =
S = ( 1 + ) = 2 1 + ( 1) .
2
2
:
1
, 1
S = 1 1
1 ,
=1
4 1
(2)
3
4 1
206 600 4 1 618
3
601 4 619 150.25 154.75 = 151,152,153,154
200 206 200
(2) .
=151.
4)) z , w z 2 + w2 = 0 .
) () z 4 w4 = 0 ,( z w ) z 54 + w54 = 0 .
) z 2 + w2 = z 2 i 2 w2 = ( z iw)( z + wi ) .
z 2 + w2 = 0
z = iw z = iw
z , w C z 2 + w2 = 0 .

4)

,

(
, )
( z , w) = (iw, w) ( z , w) = (iw, w)
z 2 + w2 = 0 R z = w = 0 . C.
..-.- .-
) z 4 w4 = 0 z 2 w2
( a ) z = iw
z w
2
2
2
2
z
+
w
=
0
z
+
w
=
0
)(
)
z = iw
z = iw
z = iw
z 54 + w54 = ( z 2 ) + w54 =
27
(( iw) )
2 27
+ w54 = ( i 2 w2 ) + w54 = ( w2 ) + w54 = w54 + w54 = 0

27
27
z = iw .
5) . z : z =
2
(1), .
+ 2i
z = x + yi
x, y R .
2
z ( + 2i ) = 2 z + z 2i = 2
+ 2i
z 2 = z 2i (2 z ) = 2 zi (2)
z=
z.
- z = 2 (1) :
2=
2
2( + 2i ) = 2 4i = 0, . z 2
+ 2i
- z 2 ( 2) :
(2 z ) = 2 zi =
2 zi
2 z
z z
( z = + i, , )
:
i z z = m(z) = 0 z = z
i z I z = i, Re(z) = 0 z = z

z, w :
i z + z = 2 Re(z) , i z z = 2 Im(z)i
i zw + zw = zw + zw = zw + zw =
= zw + zw = 2 Re(zw ) = 2 Re(zw )
z = x + yi
2
2 zi 2 zi
... zz = z + z x 2 + y 2 = 2 x x 2 2 x + 1 + y 2 = 1 ( x 1) + y 2 = 1
=
2 z 2 z
(1,0) =1
(2,0).
6) z, w C : x 2 + y 2 = 2
:
) z = w = .
) z =
2
2
,w =
z
w
8
z+w
)
.
zw
zw
)
z+w
2013
) z C : x 2 + y 2 = 2 , (0,0) z = , w = .
..-.- .-
) z = z = 2 zz = 2 z =
z+w z+w
)
=
=
z w z w
2 2
1 1
+
+
z
w = z w
2 2
1 1
z w
z
w
z w 2013 z w 2013
=
)
=
z + w
z+w
zw
z+w
2
2
, w =
.
z
w
2 2
z
w
2 2
+
z
w
2013
w+z
zw
=
w z
zw
1 1
z w
1 1
+
z w
2013
8
8
8
z+w
z + w z + w
=
zw
zw
zw
wz
zw
z+w
zw
2013
zw
=
z+w
2013
2013
I .

7)i) z <
1
3
: (i + 1)z 3 + iz < .
2
4
ii) z z + 1 + 3i = 5 5 z + 7 + 11i 15 .
iii) z z = 1 :
) 5z + 7 = 5 + 7z
) 5z + 7 + 2z 2 7z + 3 6
1
8
i) (i + 1)z 3 + iz = iz 3 + z 3 + iz iz 3 + z 3 + iz = i z 3 + z 3 + i z = 2 z 3 + z < 2 +
1 3
= .
2 4
ii) (1+3i),
.
z + 7 + 11i = z + 1 + 3i + 6 + 8i = ( z + 1 + 3i ) + ( 6 + 8i )

z + z1 = A, A
:
z + 1 + 3i 6 + 8i ( z + 1 + 3i ) + ( 6 + 8i ) z + 1 + 3i + 6 + 8i
5 10 ( z + 1 + 3i ) + ( 6 + 8i ) 5 + 10
5 ( z + 1 + 3i ) + ( 6 + 8i ) 15
: B z + z 2 ,
, ,
z + z 2
z1 .
z 3
z + z2
z 2 = z1 + z 3
( z + z1 ) + z 3 .
:
1
iii) ) z = 1 zz = 1 z = (1)
z
z + z1 z 3 ( z + z1 ) + z 3 z + z1 + z 3
... B ( z + z1 ) + z 3
..-.- .-
(1)
A : 5z + 7 = 5z + 7 = 5z + 7 = 5
=
1
+7 =
z
5 + 7z
5 + 7z
5 + 7z
=
=
= 5 + 7z
z
z
1
) ) :
5z + 7 + 2z 2 7z + 3 = 5 + 7z + 2z 2 7z + 3 ( 5 + 7z ) + 2z 2 7z + 3 =
2
= 2z 2 + 8 2z 2 8 = 2 z 8 = 2 1 8 = 6
8) z :
i) 6 + ( z + 3 )( z 2 ) z z + 1
ii) z + 3 + z 2 z + z + 1
iii) z + 8 + z + 7 z + 4 + z + 3 z + 1 z 13
6 + ( z + 3 )( z 2 ) = 6 + z 2 2z + 3z 6 =
i) 6 + z 2 + z 6
z1 + z 2 z1 + z 2 ,z1 ,z 2
6 + z2 + z 6 =
z 2 + z = z(z + 1) = z z + 1
z + 3 + z 2 z + z +1 ( z + 3 + z 2 ) ( z + z +1)
2
z + 3 + z 2 + 2 z + 3 z 2 z + z +1 + 2 z z +1
ii) ( z + 3 ) z + 3 + ( z 2 ) z 2 + 2 z + 3 z 2 zz + ( z + 1) z + 1 + 2 z z + 1
zz + 3z + 3z + 9 + zz 2z 2z + 4 + 2 z + 3 z 2 zz + zz + z + z + 1 + 2 z z + 1
13 + 2 z + 3 z 2 1 + 2 z z + 1 12 + 2 z + 3 z 2 2 z z + 1 6 + z + 3 z 2 z z + 1
(i)
iii) :
z+8 z +8
z+7 = z+ 4+3 z+ 4 +3
z + 3 = z +1+ 2 z +1 + 2
z+8 z 8
z+7 z+4 3
z + 3 z +1 2
:
z + 8 z + z + 7 z + 4 + z + 3 z + 1 8 + 3 + 2 z + 8 + z + 7 z + 4 + z + 3 z + 1 z 13
..-.- .-
9) z , z + 2 = 2 3 + 2 z + i 2 < , .
.
z + 2 = 2 3 + 2 2 3 + 2 0 1 2 (1)
z1 , z 2
z + i 2 < > 0 (2)
z1 z 2 z1 z 2 z1 + z 2
(1),(2): 0 < 1 2 (3)

z1 = z + i 2, z 2 = z + 2 :
) (
i 2 2 = z + i 2 z + 2 z + i 2 + z + 2 < 2 2 + 2
2 < 2 2 + 2 0 < 2 2 < 0 > 2 .
(3) : > 2 .
10)i) z1 , z 2 , : z1 + z 2 + z1 z 2
= 2( z1 + z 2 ) .(B )
ii) , z1 , z 2 ,
.
iii) z + w = 8 , z w = 6 , z = 1 w .
( : i)
i)
z1 + z 2
+ z1 z 2
= (z1 + z 2 )(z1 + z 2 ) + ( z1 z 2 ) z1 z 2 = ... = 2( z1 + z 2 )

2

z1 = 0 .
..-.- .-
z1 0
z1 + z 2
+ z1 z 2
= 2( z1 + z 2
z
) 1+ 2
z1
z
+ 1 2
z1
z
=2+2 2
z1
z2
= z = + i
z1
. 1 + + i 2 + 1 i 2 = 2 + 2 + i (1 + )2 + 2 + (1 ) 2 + 2 = 2 + 2 2 + 2 2 ...
2 + 2 2 = 2 + 2 2
z1 + z 2
ii):
z1
z1 z 2
.
z2
iii) i) : z + w 2 + z w 2 = 2( z 2 + w 2 )
:
2
8 2 + 6 2 = 2(12 + w ) 100 = 2 + 2 w
49 = w
w =7.
11) z1 = z 2 = z1 + z 2 , z1 0 : z1 z 2 = 3 z1 .

A(z) = B(z) (1)
,
:
z1 = z 2 z1
= z2
z1 z1 = z 2 z 2 (1)
2
A(z) = B(z) A(z) A(z) = B(z)B(z)
z1 = z1 + z 2 z1
, z ,
2
= z1 + z 2
z1 z1 = z1 z1 + z 2 z1 + z1 z 2 + z 2 z 2
z1 z1 = (z1 + z 2 )(z1 + z 2 )
z1 z1 = z 2 z 2
z1 z1 + z 2 z1 + z1 z 2 = 0 (2)
:
z1 z 2 = 3 z1 z1 z 2
.
- w ,
w = z + , , z
(z =
= 3 z1
(z1 z 2 )(z1 z 2 ) = 3z1 z1
(1),(2)
z1 z1 z 2 z1 z1 z 2 + z 2 z 2 = 3z1 z1 z 2 z1 + z1 z 2 + z1 z1 = 0
w
) (1)
( A(z) )
= ( (z) )
(1).
10)

.
,
.
..-.- .-
12)) z1 , z 2 , :
z1 z 2
1 + z1
)(
1 + z2
= 1 z1
z2
+ 2 Re z1 z 2 = 1
) z1 , z 2 z1 = z 2 = 1 , :
z1 + z 2 z1z 2 + 1 = 0 z1 + z 2 + z1z 2 1 = 0
) z1 , z 2 z1 < 1, z 2 < 1 , : z1 z 2 < 1 z 1 z 2
z1 z 2
(1 + z )(1 + z )
2
= 1 z1 z 2 =
)(
( z1 z 2 ) ( z1 z 2 ) = 1 +
z1 z 2 z 2 z1 = 1 + z1
z2
z2
+ z1 + z1
z2
1 = z1 z 2 + z 2 z1 + z1
) z1 = 1 z1 2 = 1 z1 z1 = 1 z1 =
1
z1
z2
1 + z1
1 = z1 z 2 + z1 z 2 + z1
z 2 = 1 z 2
)(
z1 z1 z1 z 2 z 2 z1 + z 2 z 2 = 1 + z1 z1 + z 2 z 2 + z1
z1 z 2
1 + z2
1 + z2
1 + z1
z2
= 1 z2 z2 = 1 z2 =
z1 + z 2 z1 z 2 + 1 = 0 z1 + z 2 z1 z 2 + 1 = 0 z1 + z 2 z1 z 2 + 1 = 0
z2
1 = 2 Re(z1 z 2 ) + z1
1
z2
1
1
1
+
+1 = 0
z1 z 2 z1 z 2
z2
z
zz
z + z1 1 + z1 z 2
1
+ 1
+ 1 2 =0 2
= 0 z1 + z 2 + z1 z 2 1 = 0
z1 z 2 z1 z 2 z1 z 2 z1 z 2
z1 z 2
) z1 z 2 < 1 z1z 2 z1 z 2
< 1 z1 z 2
)(
) (
( z1 z 2 ) z1 z 2 < 1 z1 z 2 1 z1 z 2
( z1 z 2 ) ( z1 z 2 ) < (1 z1z 2 )(1 z1 z 2 ) z1 z1 z1 z 2 z 2 z1 + z 2 z 2 < 1 z1 z 2 z1z 2 + z1 z 2 z1z 2

2
z1 z1 z 2 z 2 z1 + z 2
2
z1 + z 2
2
1 z1
2
z2
z1 (1 z 2 ) 1 z 2
< 1 z1 z 2 z1 z 2 + z1
< 0 z1 z1
)< 0 (z
2
1
z2
2
2
z2
+ z2
z1 + z 2
2
< 1 + z1
z2
z1 + z 2
< 1 + z1
1< 0
1)(1 z 2 ) < 0
13)) z C, z 0 :
z z
+
z z
z z
ii) 2 + 2 ( 6 , )
z z
1
) z 0 z + = 1 z + 1 5 .
z
z
i)
..-.- .-
z2
z2
( x + yi )
( x yi )
z z x + yi x yi
2x 2 2y 2
+ =
+
=
+
= .. =
.
x 2 + y2
z z x yi x + yi ( x yi )( x + yi ) ( x yi )( x + yi )
2
)i) z = x + yi, x, y ,
x 2 y2
z z
2x 2 2y 2
x 2 y2
x 2 y2
ii) 2 + 2 2 2
2 1 2
1 2
1 2
1
x + y2
x + y2
x + y2
z z
x + y2
x 2 y2 x 2 + y2 x 2 y2
x 2 + y2
2 x , y
(x
y2
) (x
2
+ y2
x 4 + y 4 2x 2 y 2 x 4 + y 4 + 2x 2 y 2 2x 2 y 2 2x 2 y 2 0 4x 2 y 2 x, y .
) z +
1
z
z z
1
1
1
z z
2
= 1 z + z + = 1 ... z + 2 + + = 1 . ( ii) 2 + 2 (1)

z
z z
z
z z
:
1
z +
z z
1
1 z z
2
+ + =1 z + 2 + 2 z
+ + =1+ 2
z z z
z z
z
2 z+
1
z +
z
z z
z z
1
+ + = 3 + = 3 z +
z
z z
z z
z z
2 2 + 2
z z
1
1
1
3 z + 2 5 z + z +
5.
z
z
z
14) , z * = z 2 . :
+ =
+
+
+z +
z
2
2
( 1979)
= z2 =
z2
z2
z2
+ + 2z
+ 2z
: + + z + + z = + + 2z + + 2z =
+
=
2
2
2
2
2
2
z 2 + 2 + 2 z
z 2 + 2 2 z
z 2 + 2 + 2 z
z 2 + 2 2 z
=
+
=
+
=
2
2
2
2
(z + )
2
(z )
2
z+
2
z
2
(z + )(z + )
2
2
zz + z + z + + zz z z + 2zz + 2 z +
=
=
2
2
(z )(z ) =
2
z2
+ =
+ =
+ = +
..-.- .-
15) < 2, 1 1 + 1 z + 2 z 2 + ... + N z N = 0 z

1
3
z < .( 1967 Indiana College mathematics competition)

1
3
. . z (1) z < .
1 + 1 z + 2 z 2 + ... + N z N = 0 1 z + 2 z 2 + ... + N z N = 1
1 z + 2 z 2 + ... + N z N = 1 1 z + 2 z 2 + ... + N z N = 1
:
1 z + 2 z 2 + ... + N z N 1 z + 2 z 2 + .. + N z N
< 2 ,1
<
1
z<
3
1 1
1
2( + 2 + .. + N ) =
3 3
3
1
1
1 3
1 3
1
=2
=2
= 1 < 1 ..
1
2
3 1
3
3
3
3
16) 0 , z = x + yi, x, y , :
2
z 2iz + 2 (1 + i) = 0
( 1966, 1977)
z 2iz + 2 (1 + i) = 0 x + yi 2i(x + yi) + 2 (1 + i) = 0 x 2 + y 2 2xi + 2y + 2 + 2 i = 0

2
2
2 + y 2 + 2y + 2 = 0 (1)
x + y + 2y + 2 = 0
x 2 + y 2 + 2y + 2 + ( 2 2x ) i = 0
= x
2 2x = 0
H (1) y 2 + 2y + 2 + 2 = 0 y.
= 2 2 4 2 + 2 = 4(1 2 2 ) = 4( 2 2 + 1)

2 2 + 1 , ' = 8 > 0 , 1,2 = 1 2
0
1 2 , 1 + 2 0, 1 + 2 y : y1,2 = 1 2 2 + 1 .
: z = + ( 1 2 2 + 1)i, 0, 1 + 2 .
..-.- .-
17) z, w z = x + yi, w =
z 1
,z 2 .
z2
) w , . (z) z.
) z1 , z2 : z1 z2 1
z 1
z 1
z 1
z 1
=
(z 1)(z 2) = (z 2)(z 1)
=
z2
z2
z2
z2
) w I w = w
zz 2z z + 2 = (zz z 2z + 2) zz 2z z + 2 = zz + z + 2z 2
2zz 3z 3z + 4 = 0 2 z 3(z + z) + 4 = 0 2 x 2 + y 2 3(2x) + 4 = 0 x 2 + y 2 3x + 2 = 0

3
9 9
x 2 3x + 2 + y 2 = 0 x 2 2 x + + 2 + y 2 = 0
2
4 4
2
1
C : x + y2 =
2
3
1
3
1
2
2
x + y = x + y =
2
4
2
. K , 0 , = (2,0).
2
2
3
) ( z1 ), ( z2 ) C z1 z2
2 z1 z2 2
1
z1 z2 1 .
2
18)
.

1. z1 = 2i, z 2 = 2, z 3 = 2 + 2i
i)
2. z1 = 5 + 5i, z 2 = 1 + 5i, z 3 = 3 + 4i
ii)
3. z1 = 1 + 2i, z 2 = 1 + 2i, z 3 = 3i
iii)
..-.- .-
..
,, z1 , z 2 , z 3 :
AB = = z1 z 2 = z 2 z 3 = z1 z 3
AB = z1 z 2 = z 2 z 3
2
( A = 90 o ) 2 = 2 + 2 z 2 z 3 = z1 z 2 + z1 z 3
2
( A = 90 o ) 2 > 2 + 2 z 2 z 3 > z1 z 3 + z1 z 2
( )
2 < 2 + 2 z 2 z3
< z1 z 3
+ z1 z 2
,, ( ) det(AB, ) 0 .
( )
1-> i 2->iii
3->ii
19) z = x + yi :
z 1 + 2i = z 2 i = z 3 + 3i
z 1 + 2i = z 2 i x yi 1 + 2i = x + yi 2 i x 1 + ( 2 y ) i = x 2 + (y 1)i
( x 1) 2 + ( 2 y ) 2
( x 2 )2 + (y 1) 2
( x 1) + ( 2 y ) = ( x 2 ) + (y 1) 2
2
x 2 2x + 1 + 4 4y + y 2 = x 2 4x + 4 + y 2 2y + 1 2x 2y = 0 x = y (1)
z 2 i = z 3 + 3i x + yi 2 i = x yi 3 + 3i x 2 + (y 1)i = x 3 + (3 y)i
(x 2)
+ (y 1) 2 =
( x 3)
+ (3 y) 2 ( x 2 ) + (y 1) 2 = ( x 3 ) + (3 y) 2
2
x 2 4x + 4 + y 2 2y + 1 = x 2 6x + 9 + 9 6y + y 2 2x + 4y = 13 (2)
(1) (2) : x =
13
13
13 13
, z = + i . :
,y =
6
6
6
6
z 1 + 2i = z 2 i = z 3 + 3i z (1 + 2i) = z (2 + i) = z (3 + 3i)
z (1,2),(2,1) ,(3,3)
,,.
..-.- .-
20)( bonus 20)

z i
z1 i
z i
+ 2
+ 3
< 2 , > 0 ,, z1 , z 2 , z 3
z1 + i
z 2 + i
z3 + i
. .
z1 ,z 2 , z 3 ( Im(z)=0).
z1 ,z 2 , z 3 .
z1 , z 2 . z1 , z 2
i, i
i, i .:
>0
z1 i = z1 + i
z1 i
z i
= 1 , 2
=1
z1 + i
z 2 + i
z i
z1 i
z i
+ 2
+ 3
2 , .
z1 + i
z 2 + i
z3 + i
21) z z 11 = iz11 + 8
) z11 .
) z11 .
8
i
) z 11 = iz11 + 8 z11 = i(z11 + ) z11 = i 11 (z11 +
8i
)
i2
z11 = z11 8i z11 (0 + 0i) = z11 (0 + 8i)
z11
(0,0),(0,8), y = 4 .
) min z11 = 4
..-.- .-
22)( , .)
) zz = 2 Re(zz 0 ) + 2 z 0 2 , z 0 ( > 0 ).
) u + z1 = u + z 2 , u z1 , z 2
.
) z1 , z 2 , z 3 ,, .
,, ,
z1 z 3
.
z3 z2
) z : Re(z) + = z . . z
.
)
zz = 2 Re(zz 0 ) + 2 z 0
z = 2 Re(zz 0 ) + 2 z 0
zz = 2
zz 0 + zz 0
+ 2 z0 z0
2
zz zz 0 zz 0 = 2 z 0 z 0 z z z 0 z 0 z z 0 = 2 ( z z 0 ) z z 0 = 2 z z 0
= 2
z z0 =
)
u + z1 = u + z 2
u = x + yi
z1 = + i,z 2 = + i
x + yi + + i = x + yi + + i
x + + ( y + )i = x + + ( y + )i
( x + )2 + ( y + )2
( x + )2 + ( y + )2
( x + )2 + ( y + )2 = ( x + )2 + ( y + )2 x 2 + 2 x + 2 + y 2 + 2y + 2 = x 2 + 2x + 2 + y 2 + 2y + 2
( 2 2 ) x + ( 2 2 ) y + 2 + 2 2 2 = 0 (1)
(1) , , , .
) ,, , / / =
= ( ) z1 z 3 = (z 3 z 2 ) =
z1 z 3
.
z3 z2
) z = x + yi, x, y , M(x, y) ..
:
2
Re(z) + = z x + = x + yi x + = x + yi
x 2 + 2x + 2 = ( x ) + y 2 x 2 + 2x + 2 = x 2 2x + 2 + y 2
2
y 2 = 4 x
. y 2 = 4x .
.
23) z 3 = + i, , :
(1 z 4 )(1 z 3 )(1 z 2 )(1 z) = (z 4 l)(z 3 l)(z 2 l)(z )
z 3 = + i z 3 = + i z = 2 + 2 z = 1 z = 1 z = 1 zz = 1 z =
..-.- .-
1
z
(1 z 4 )(1 z 3 )(1 z 2 )(1 z) = (1 z 4 )(1 z 3 )(1 z 2 )(1 z) = (1 z )(1 z )(1 z )(1 z) =

(1
1
1
1
1
z 4 z3 z 2 z
z4 z3 z2 z
=
=
)(1
)(1
)(1
)
z
z
z
z4
z3
z2
z4
z3
z2
z4
z3
z2
z4 z3 z2 z
z 4 z3 z 2 z
=
= (z 4 l)(z 3 l)(z 2 l)(z )
4
3
2
z
z
z4
z3
z2
z
z
z
24)(*) z 0 , z1 ,...., z10 z 0 + z1 + .... + z10 = w
z1 z 0
z z0
z z0
w z0
+ 2
+ ... + 10
< 1 (1)
<1.
z1 + z 0
z 2 + z0
z10 + z 0
w + z0
z1 z 0
<1
z1 + z 0
z2 z0 < 1
z2 + z0
< 1 .
z10 z 0
<1
z10 + z 0
z1 z 0
z z0
z z0
+ 2
+ ... + 10
z1 + z 0
z2 + z0
z10 + z 0
(
(
)
)
( z z 0 ) z1 z 0 < ( z1 + z 0 ) z1 + z 0
1
( z z ) z z < ( z + z ) z + z
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
...
( z10 z 0 ) z10 z 0 < ( z10 + z 0 ) z10 + z 0
z1 z 0 2 < z1 + z 0 2
z1 z 0 < z1 + z 0
z z 2 < z +z 2
z2 z0 < z2 + z0
2
0
2
0
.
.
.
.
z10 z 0 < z10 + z 0

z z 2 < z +z 2
0
10
0
10
z 2 + z 2 2 Re(z z ) < z + z + 2 Re(z z )

0
1 0
1
0
1 0
1
2
2
z + z 2 Re(z z ) < z + z + 2 Re(z z )
2
0
2 0
2
0
2 0
2
2
z10 + z 0 2 Re(z10 z 0 ) < z10 + z 0 + 2 Re(z10 z 0 )
z1 z 0 + z1 z 0
>0
2
2 Re(z1 z 0 ) < 2 Re(z1 z 0 )
Re(z1 z 0 ) > 0
z2 z0 + z2z0
2 Re(z 2 z 0 ) < 2 Re(z 2 z 0 )
Re(z 2 z 0 ) > 0
>0
(+)
2
.
.
2 Re(z10 z 0 ) < 2 Re(z10 z 0 )

Re(z10 z 0 ) > 0
z10 z 0 + z10 z 0
>0
z1 z 0 + z1 z 0 z 2 z 0 + z 2 z 0
z z + z10 z 0
+
+ ... + 10 0
> 0 z 0 (z1 + z 2 + .. + z10 ) + z 0 (z1 + z 2 + .. + z10 ) > 0
2
2
2
z 0 w + z 0 w > 0 Re(z 0 w ) > 0 (2) Re(z 0 w ) < 0 (3).
(2) ,(3) :
..-.- .-
Re(z 0 w ) > Re(z 0 w ) z 0

z0 + w
> z0 w
+ w + Re(z 0 w ) > z 0
z0 w
z0 + w
<1
z0 w
z0 + w
+ w Re(z 0 w )
<1
z0 w
<1
z0 + w
25) z = (1 + i 2 )( i), .
i) z + i, , .
ii) z :
) yy ) 1-3 .
iii) z .
iv) w :
)(
)(
)(
w 1 + i 1 + i +1 1 + i + 2 1 + i + 3 =
2
, *
3
v) w z .
( Thadeus Gorian College)
i) z = (1 + i 2 )( i) = i + i 2 + 2 = + 2 + ( 2 1)i
ii) ) Re(z) = 0 + 2 = 0 = 2
2 +1
) Re(z) = Im(z) + 2 = 2 1 1 + 2 = 2 =
2 1
=3+ 2 2
iii) z = + 2 + ( 2 1)i . (x,y) z ,:

x = + 2
y = 2 1
= x 2
y = 2 1
= x 2
y = 2 (x 2 ) 1
= x 2
y = 2x 3
. : : y = 2x 3
iv) ,+1,+2,+3 , 4+2 (
) , i , i +1 , i + 2 ,i + 3 -1, o
1 + i 1 + i +1 1 + i + 2 1 + i + 3 . 1 + i 1 + i +1 1 + i + 2 1 + i + 3 = 0
)(
)(
)(
: w =
=
)(
)(
)(
2
. . w (0, 0)
3
2
.
3
v)O . z w : y = 2x 3 C : x 2 + y 2 =
2
3
w z C ()
, () ()
. () : y =
2
x . () C
2
() :
..-.- .-
2
2
2
2
2
y=
x
y
x
y=
x
y=
x
y=
x
y=
=
3
2
2
2
2
x 2 + y2 = 2
x2 + 2 x = 2
x2 + 2 x 2 = 2
6 x2 = 2
x 2 = 4
x = 2
3
4
3
3
9
3
3
2
2
x
y =
y = 2x 3
2
x
y =
2 x = 2x 3
2
3
A( ,
2
x
y =
x
y =
2 y = 1
2
x = 2
6 = 3 2x
x = 2
2
2 2
), B( ,
), ( 2 , 1) .( )
3
3 3
y
().
( ) = ( ) ( ) = ( ) = 3
2
3
26) z, w
w=
()
+ 13 ( z )
13z 7 + 17 z
17z 7
7
7
+ 19
+ 19
()
,17z 7 + 13 z
+ 19 0
) . w
=1.( : w =
1
)
w
) . u :
2
u w 4 u + (u u) 2 +
Im(u)
=0
2
..-.- .-
) w =
()
+ 13 ( z )
13z + 17 z
17z
w =
+ 19
+ 19
1
ww = 1 w
w
13z + 17 ( z ) + 19
17z + 13 ( z ) + 19
1
7
17z + 13 ( z ) + 19
1
w
13z + 17 ( z ) + 19
2
=1 w =1
. w =1.
) u w u 1 (1) . (1) u
=1.
(2) :
u = x + yi.x ,y
Im(u)
y
=0
4(x 2 + y 2 ) + (2yi) 2 + = 0
2
2
y
y
y
1
1
4x 2 + 4y 2 4y 2 + = 0 4x 2 + = 0 4x 2 = x 2 = y x 2 = 2 y (2)
2
2
2
8
16
1
1
1
.
(2) p = , E 0, y =
16
32
32
4 u + (u u) 2 +
(1) (2) . .
( )
27) z :
(1 + iz) 7 e1974 i = (1 iz) 7 e1974 + i ,
A(i), B( i) .
) :
i) 1 + iz = 1 iz (1)
ii) (1) .
) w 1 , w 2 , w 3 w 2 w 3 .
u = z w 2 + (1 z)w 3 , z (1) .
u, w 2 , w 3 .
(: z )
..-.- .-
)i) (1 + iz) 7 e1974 i = (1 iz) 7 e1974 + i (1 + iz) 7 e1974 i = (1 iz) 7 e1974 + i

e1974 i = e1974 i
(1 + iz)
1974
i = (1 iz)
1974
1 + iz = 1 iz 1 + iz = 1 iz
ii) 1 + iz = 1 iz 1 iz = 1 + iz i 2 iz = i 2 + iz
i(i z) = i(i + z) i i z = i i + z i z = i + z z i = z + i (2)
(2) A(i), B( i) .
) , y ' y (0,0),
z x ' x , z .
, z = , ,, u, w 2 , w 3 :
u = w 2 + (1 )w 3 = + (1 ) = +
= = =
,, .
28)
1
1
1
+
+ ... +
= 2014 , 1 , 2 , 3 ,..., 2013
z 1 z 2
z 2013
.( : )
z = x + yi, x, y , y 0 :
1
1
1
1
1
1
+
+ ... +
= 2014
+
+ ... +
= 2014
(x + yi) 1 (x + yi) 2
(x + yi) 2013
(x 1 ) + yi (x 2 ) + yi
(x 2013 ) + yi
(x 2013 ) yi
(x 1 ) yi
(x 2 ) yi
+
+ ... +
= 2014
2
2
2
2
(x 1 ) + y
(x 2 ) + y
(x 2013 ) 2 + y 2
(x 2013 )
(x 1 )
(x 2 )
2
2
(x ) 2 + y 2 + (x ) 2 + y 2 + .. + (x
1
2
2013 ) + y

y
y
y
2
2
+ (x ) 2 + y 2 + (x ) 2 + y 2 + .. + (x
1
2
2013 ) + y

i = 2014
(x 2013 )
(x 1 )
(x 2 )
1
1
1
+
+ .. +
y
+
+ .. +
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
(x 2 ) + y
(x 2013 ) + y
(x 2 ) + y
(x 2013 ) 2 + y 2
(x 1 ) + y
(x 1 ) + y
1
1
1
+
+ ... +
= 0, .
2
2
2
2
2
2
(x 2 ) + y
(x 2013 ) + y
(x 1 ) + y
..-.- .-
i = 2014
29) z, w :
w = (4 + 4) + (4 + 3)i, (1) , ln ( ( 1)(3 ) ) + 1 = z ( z ), * (2)
) . w (4,3) 1=4.
) . z
2=1.
) ..
) . z w 10 z + w 10 .
) . () .
2z 2 3z 2zz = 5
) M(w ) = (x, y) w :
x 4
2
x 4
=
= ( + ) x 4 2
x = 4 + 4
(
) ( y 3 )2
4
4
+
= 2 + 2 = 1
2
y
=
4
+
3
y
3
16
16
= y 3 = 2
4
4
( x 4 ) + ( y 3 ) = 16 . w (4,3)
1=4.
2
) (2)
1 < < 3
( 1)(3 ) > 0
=2
*
*

=2 (2) :
ln ( (2 1)(3 2) ) + 1 2 = z ( z 2) 1 = z 2 z ( z 1) = 0 z = 1
2
. z 2=1.( 1)
). : ( ) = 4 2 + 32 = 25 = 5 = 1 + 2
, , .
(
)
..-.- .-
) (z), (w) z,w .

0 z w 2( 1 + 2 ) 0 z w 10 . ( 2)
2
( ) (z),(w).
w :
( ) 2 w ( ) + 2 1 w 9 z + w 10 .
z + w z + w 10
) z = x + yi, x, y z = x yi z z = 2 yi .
2z 2 3z 2zz = 5 z(2z 3 2z) = 5 z 2z 3 2z = 5 2z 3 2z = 5
2( z z ) 3 = 5 4 yi 3 = 5
(4y)
+ 32 = 5 16 y 2 = 16 y 2 = 1 y = 1
y =1 y =1
z = 1 x 2 + y 2 = 1 ... x = 0 z1 = i . z2 = i
2z 2 3z 2zz = 5 z(2z 3 2z) = 5 z 2z 3 2z = 5 2z 3 2z = 5
30) w w +
8 + 4 + 4i
= 4 Re [i(i + 2)w ] , .
2 + i
) w .
) w 1 , w 2 , w 1 w 2 8 .
) z1 , z 2 w 1 , w 2 ( )
w 1 w 2 , :
10(z1 z 2 ) + z1 + z 2
2v
= 2 4 +1 5
..-.- .-
ww +
w = x + yi,x , y
2 + + i
8 + 4 + 4i
= 4 Re [ i(i + 2)w ]
= 4 Re (i 2 + 2i)(x + yi)
x 2 + y2 + 4
2 + i
2 + i
( 2 + )
) x + y + 4
2
x +y
2
+ ( )
= 4 Re [ ( 1 + 2i)(x + yi) ] x 2 + y 2 + 4 = 4 Re x yi + 2ix + 2yi 2
( 2 + ) + ( )
+ 4 = 4 Re ( x 2y ) + ( y + 2x ) i x 2 + y 2 + 4 = 4 ( x 2y ) x 2 + 4x + y 2 + 8y + 4 = 0
2
(x + 2) 2 + (y + 4) 2 = 4 2
(-2,-4)
=4.
) (w 1 ), (w 2 )
w 1 , w 2 (-2,-4)
=4.
w 1 w 2 = ( ) ( ) = 2 = 8
) z1 , z 2 , :
z1 z 2 = Max w 1 w 2 = 2 = 8 = 23
z1 + z 2 = + = 2 = 20 = 4 5
10(z1 z 2 ) + z1 + z 2
10 2 3
+ 4 5
2v
2v
= 10 z1 z 2
= 5 2 23 + 4 2 v
+ z1 + z 2
( 5)
2v
2v
5 2 4 + 2 4v 5 v = 5 2 4 + 2 4 v = 5 2 2 4 = = 2 4 +1 5
31) z, w
2
z + 2i + z 2i = 10 , w =
2z i
iz + 2
) z,w
=1.
) w 1 , w 2 , w 3 :
w1 + w 2 + w 3 = w1w 2 + w 3 w1 + w 2 w 3
) i) 9 z 6 + 8i 11
ii) 0 z w 2
) :
2
1 + iw + w i = 4
) ).
2
2
) z + 2i + z 2i = 10 ( z + 2i ) z + 2i + ( z 2i ) z 2i = 10 ( z + 2i ) z 2i + ( z 2i ) z + 2i = 10
zz 2zi + 2zi 4i + zz + 2zi 2zi 4i = 10 2zz + 8 = 10 zz = 1 z = 1

2
..-.- .-
w=
2z i
w
iz + 2
:
w
2z i
iz + 2
2z i
iz + 2
2
( 2z i ) ( 2z + i ) ( 2z i ) ( 2z + i ) 4zz + 2zi 2zi i 2
4 z + 2zi 2zi + 1 z =1
=
= 2
=
=
( iz + 2 ) ( iz + 2 ) ( iz + 2 ) ( iz + 2 ) i zz + 2iz 2iz + 4 i 2 z 2 + 2iz 2iz + 4
4 + 2zi 2zi + 1
=1 w =1
1 + 2iz 2iz + 4
z,w =1.
): w 1 = w 2 = w 3 = 1 : w 1 2 = 1 w 1 w 1 = 1 w 1 =
: w 1 + w 2 + w 3 = w 1 + w 2 + w 3 = w 1 + w 2 + w 3 =
1
1
1
, w 2 =
, w3 =
w1
w2
w3
1
1
1
+
+
=
w1 w 2 w 3
w w + w1w 3 + w1w 2
w w + w1w 3 + w1w 2
w 2 w 3 + w1w 3 + w1w 2
= 2 3
= 2 3
= w 2 w 3 + w1w 3 + w1w 2
w 1w 2 w 3
w1w 2 w 3
w1 w 2 w 3
)i)
z 6 + 8i z + ( 6 + 8i) z + 6 + 8i 1 10 z + ( 6 + 8i) 1 + 10 9 z + ( 6 + 8i) 11
ii) i)
z w zw z + w 0 zw 2
)
2
)(
) (
1 + iw + w i = 1 + iw 1 + iw + ( w i ) w i = 1 + iw (1 iw ) + ( w i ) w + i =
2
1 iw + iw i 2 ww + w w + wi iw i 2 = 2 + 2 w
2
=4
) 1 + iw + w i = 4 1 iw + w i = 4 1 + iw + w (0 + i) = 4
2
i 2 + iw + w (0 + i) = 4 i i + w + w (0 + i) = 4 w (0 i) + w (0 + i) = 4 (1)
w , z1 = 0 i z 2 = 0 + i (1) :
(MA) 2 + (MB) 2 = ( AB ) (MA) 2 + (MB) 2 = ( 2 ) .( )
2
(0,1)
(w)
(0,-1)
..-.- .-
32) z1 , z 2 z11974 = 3 + i , z 21974 = 1 + 3i .

) w =
z1
.
z2
(: .)
) w = 1 .
) z =
w +1
.
w 1
)
A(u) = u + w + u w , u
) m = z13948 + z 2 3948
c , :
i) c = 2 + 3i,
ii) c = 2 + 2i, , m(c) 0 .
( Thadeus Gorian College)
) w w 1974
w 1974 =
( 3 + i )(1 3i ) = 3 9i + i 3i 2 = 6 8i ,.
z11974
=
10
10
z 21974 (1 + 3i )(1 3i )
) w 1974 =
6 8i
6 8i
1974
w 1974 =
w
=1 w =1
10
10
) () w = 1 w 2 = 1 w w = 1 w =
1
w
1
1+ w
w +1 w +1 w +1
w +1
z=
=
= w =
= z z I
=
1
1
w
w
1
w 1
1
w
w
) A(u) = u + w + u w ( u + w ) ( u w ) = 2w = 2 w = 2 = A(0) A(u) A(0) u ,
2.
) m = z13948 + z 2 3948 = z11974
) + (z
2
1974 2
2
= ( 3 + i ) + (1 + 3i ) = 9 + 6i 1 + 1 + 6i 9 = 12i
2
m (0,12)
i) c = 2 + 3i, . x = 2, y = 3
1 1 2 2 2 2 x 2 .
. c : 2 x 2, y = 3 .
( -2,3),(2,3). .
(0,12)
9 .
(-2,3)
ii) c = 2 + 2i, , m(c) 0 . x = 2, y = 2
..-.- .-
(2,3)
x 2 = 4 2
( + ) x 2 + y 2 = 4( 2 + 2 ) x 2 + y 2 = 4 (1)
2
2
y
=
4
m(c) 0 y 0 (2)
x = 2
y = 2
. c =2
. .
2
. : ( AB ) = 2 2 + 12 2 ( AB ) = 148
(0,12)
(-2,0)
(2,0)
33)) z 4 + 1 = 0 (1). .
) c C c n = 3 + 4i c n +1 = 11 2i , n N* , c n.
) u :
zu 5z 10zi + 2z
=
. z (1)
c 2i
n
, . u .
) z1 (1) w = x + yi, x, y R
:
2 2 Re(z1 ) x 2 2 Re(z1 ) 2 2 Im(z1 ) y 2 2 Im(z1 )
. w .
) . u,w
:
3 2 1 u w 7 2 +1
2
2
z i = 0 z = x + yi (x + yi) i = 0
2
2
z + i = 0
(x + yi) + i = 0
) z 4 + 1 = 0 ( z 2 ) i 2 = 0 ( z 2 i )( z 2 + i ) = 0
2
2
2
2
2
x y + 2xyi i = 0
x y + (2xy 1)i = 0 (1)
2
2
2
x y + 2xyi + i = 0
x y + (2xy + 1)i = 0 (2)
x = y x = y
( x y )( x + y ) = 0
x 2 y2 = 0
x = y x = y
(1) x y + (2xyi 1)i = 0
2
2xy
1
=
0
2xy
1
=
0
2xy
1
=
0
x =
2
2
..-.- .-
z1 =
2
2
2
2
+
i, z 2 =
i
2
2
2
2
x = y x = y
( x y )( x + y ) = 0
x 2 y2 = 0
x = y x = y
(2) x y + (2xy + 1)i = 0
2
2xy
1
0
+
=
2xy
+
1
=
0
2xy
+
1
=
0
x =
2
2
z 3 =
2
2
2
2
i, z 4 =
+
i
2
2
2
2
) c n +1 = 11 2i cn c = 11 2i ( 3 + 4i ) c = 11 2i ( 3 + 4i ) (x + yi) = 11 2i
3x 4y = 11 3x + 4y = 11
3x 3yi + 4xi + 4yi 2 = 11 2i 3x 4y + ( 3y + 4x ) i = 11 2i
3y + 4x = 2
4x 3y = 2
y = 2
x = 1
c = 1 + 2i , c n +1 = 11 2i :
c n +1 = 11 2i (1 + 2i )
n +1
= 11 2i 1 + 2i
n +1
= 11 2i
( 5)
n +1
125 5
n +1
2
= 52
n +1 3
= n=2
2
2
) z1 = z 2 = z 3 = z 4 = 1 (3)
:
zu 5z 10zi + 2z
zu 5z
10zi + 2z
=
=
zu 5z = 5zi + z
c 2i
n
1 + 2i 2i
2
zu 5z 5zi = z z(u 5 5i) = z z(u 5 5i) = z
z u 5 5i = z u 5 5i = 1 u (5 + 5i) = 1
. u (5,5) =1.
2 2 Re(z1 ) x 2 2 Re(z1 )
2 x 2
...
2 y 2
2 2 Im(z1 ) y 2 2 Im(z1 )
. A(2, 2), B(2, 2), (2, 2), (2, 2) .
) :.
min u w = (BZ) = (BE) = (5 2) 2 + (5 2)2 1 = 3 2 1
max u w = () + () + () = 4 2 + 3 2 1 + 2 = 7 2 + 1
..-.- .-
1
1
(5,5)
(2,2)
2 2
2 2
34) ) ( z 1)
2013
= z 2013 , z , Re(z) =
) ( iz + 1)
2013
1
2
2013 + i
.
1 + 2013i
( z 1)
)
2013
= z 2013 ( z 1)
2013
= z 2013 z 1
2013
= z
2013
( z 1) ( z 1) = zz zz z z + 1 = zz z + z = 1 2 Re(z) = 1 Re(z) =
1
2
( i + 1)
2013
+1
2
2013
2013 + i
2013 + i
20132 + 1
2013
2013
( i + 1)
=
i + 1
=
1 + 2013i
1 + 2013i
1 + 20132
=
20132 + 1
1 + 20132
+1
2
2013
= 1 +1 = 1 +1 = 1 = 0
2
z 1 = z z 1 = z
z = z .
28.
= 0 :
( i 0 + 1)
2013
2013 + i
2013 + i
1=
1 + 2013i = 2013 + i , .
1 + 2013i
1 + 2013i
..-.- .-
35) ,, z1 , z 2 , z 3 , :
z12 + z 2 2 + z 32 = z1z 2 + z 2 z 3 + z1z 3 , .
z12 + z 2 2 + z 32 = z1z 2 + z 2 z 3 + z1z 3 z12 + z 2 2 = z1z 2 + z 2 z3 + z1z3 z 32 z12 + z 2 2 2z1z 2 = z1z 2 + z 2 z3 + z1z 3 z 32
( z1 z 2 )
( z1 z 2 )
z1 z 2 =
= ( z1z 2 + z1z 3 ) + ( z 2 z3 z 32 ) ( z1 z 2 ) = z1 ( z 2 z 3 ) + z 3 ( z 2 z3 ) ( z1 z 2 ) = ( z 2 z3 )( z3 z1 )
2
= ( z1 z 2 )( z 2 z 3 )( z 3 z1 ) z1 z 2 = ( z1 z 2 )( z 2 z 3 ) ( z 3 z1 ) z1 z 2 = z1 z 2 z 2 z 3 z3 z1
3
z1 z 2 z 2 z3 z 3 z1
:
z 2 z3 =
z1 z 2 z 2 z3 z3 z1
z1 z3 =
z1 z 2 z 2 z 3 z 3 z1
z 2 z 3 = z1 z3 = z1 z 2 .
o
36) ) :
7
i) z 2 = z , z 0 ii) z z10 = 1
) :

.

( z = x + yi, x, y )
z3 + w 5 = 0
4
z2 w = 1
)i) z 2 = z z 2 = z z = 1
z = 1 z 2 = z z 2 = 1 z = 1 .
7
ii) z z10 = 1 (1). :

7
z z10 = 1 z
z10 = 1 z
10
=1 z
17
=1 z =1
(2)
.

,
Horner .

z 2 = zz .
(1) :
7
( )
z z10 = 1 z z 7 z 3 = 1 z z
( )
z3 = 1 z
2 7
z3 = 1 z3 = 1 z3 1 = 0 z3 1 = 0
z = 1
1 3i
2
z + z + 1 = 0
z1,2 =
z 1 = 0
( z 1) ( z 2 + z + 1) = 0
)
z3 + w 5 = 0
4
z2 w = 1
: z 0 w 0
..-.- .-
z 3 = w 5
z3 = w5
z 6 = w 10
z 3 = w 5
z + w = 0
2
1 z2 = 1 2
1 6
1
2 4
z
=
4
4
4
z =
z = 12
z w = 1
w
w
w
w
1
10
22
= w w = 1 w = 1.
12
w
3
:
1
1
5
5
z 3 + w 5 = 0
z 4 + w = 0
z 4 = w
z3 + w 5 = 0
w
w
2
1
2 4
z
=
1
2
4
z =
z 2 = 1
z w = 1
4
4
w
w
w
( )
z = w 5 w 4
z = ww 4 w 4
z = w w
2
1
1
1
z = 4
z = 4
z 2 = 4
w
w
z = w
2
1
z = 4
w
z = w
z0
z 3 + w 5 = 0 z 3 z 5 = 0 z 3 (1 z 2 ) = 0 1 z 2 = 0 z = 1 w = 1
37)( C;;)

i) z 2 5z + 4 < 0 ii) z 2 + 4 < 5z
x 2 + 2xyi + y 2 i 2 5x 5yi + 4 < 0

.

.
x 2 + 2xyi y 2 5x 5yi + 4 < 0
- z < 0 z > 0 z .
i) z = x + yi, x, y
( x + yi )2 5 ( x + yi ) + 4 < 0
x 2 y 2 5x + 4 + (2xy 5y)i < 0
:
x 2 y 2 5x + 4 < 0
5
y = 0 x =
2
y = 0 x 2 5x + 4 < 0 ... x (1, 4 ) z = x, x (1, 4 )

2
2
x 2 y 2 5x + 4 < 0
x y 5x + 4 < 0
2xy 5y = 0
y(2x 5) = 0
- z < w z > w
Im(z) = Im(w ) = 0
Re(z) < Re(w ) Re(z) > Re(w ) .
x =
z=
5
5
5
25
25
9
y 2 5 + 4 < 0
y2
+ 4 < 0 y 2 > y
2
2
4
2
4
2
5
+ yi, y .
2
z 2 5z + 4 < 0 z : z = x, x (1, 4 ) z =
ii) z = x + yi, x, y
..-.- .-
5
+ yi, y .
2
z 2 + 4 < 5z (x + yi) 2 + 4 < 5(x + yi) x 2 + 2xyi + y 2 i 2 + 4 < 5x + 5yi

x 2 y 2 + 4 + 2xyi < 5x + 5yi
:
x 2 y 2 + 4 < 5x
x 2 + 4 < 5x
2xy
=
0
x = 0 y = 0

5y = 0
y = 0
z = x, x (1, 4 ) .
x (1, 4 )
x = 0 y = 0

y = 0
z 2 5z + 4 < 0 z 2 + 4 < 5z .
,
.
38) .

1. z > 0 , z = 1 x + ( 4y 4 ) i
2. z > 0 , z = 6 + (1 y ) i

. y = 1 x < 1
. y = 1
3. z > w , z = 1 + (1 y ) i, w = x + 2 + ( y 2 1) i
. x < 1 y = 1
4. z < w , z = x 2 + ( y 2 4 ) i, w = 1 + ( y + 2 ) i
. x ( 1,1) y = 2
1 , 2 , 3 ,4
39) P(x) = x 2 + 2 z w x + (1 + z 2 )(1 + w 2 ), z, w C, x , .
) P(x) 0 , x .
) P(x) = 0 , :
Re(z) Re(w )
=
, z 0, w 0
Im(z) Im(w )
) P(x) 0 , :
= (2 z w
4(1 + z )(1 + w ) == 4 z w (1 + z )(1 + w ) =
) (
4 ( z w ) z w (1 + zz)(1 + w w ) = 4 zz zw w z + w w 1 w w zz zzw w =
4 zw + zzw w + w z + 1 = 4 zw (1 + zw ) + w z + 1 = 4(1 + zw )(zw + 1) = 4(1 + zw )(1 + zw ) =

4 1 + zw
0 = 1 . P(x) 0 , x .
) P(x) = 0 = 0 .
= 0 4 1 + zw
= 0 1 + zw = 0
z = + i, ,
w = + i,x , y
1 + ( i)( + i) = 0 ..
+ + 1 = 0
. ( + + 1) + ( )i = 0
= 0 (1)
(1): = 0 =

Re(z) Re(w )
=
=

Im(z) Im(w )
..-.- .-
.
!!!
1+ei=0
.
.
.Feynman
:

.Kasner J.Newman ,
Benjamin Pierce
, :
, ;
.
, , .
;
.
40) z1 , z 2 z 2 + z + = 0, , z1 = 2 2 Re(z 2 ) = 2 .
) , z1 , z 2 .
1974
z
) z1 , z 2 1
z2
2
1976
z
+ 2
z1
=0.
) w w z1 + w z 2 = 16 (2) z1 , z 2
w w 2 = 2 .
) w1 , w 2 (2) w1 w 2 = 4 .
w1 + w 2 = 4 .
) w1 , w 2 , w 3 (2), :
w1 + w 2 + w 3 6
1
1
1
=
+
+
4
w1 2 w 2 2 w 3 2
) z1 , z 2 :
z1 = 2 + i, z 2 = 2 + i .
^2
z1 = 2 2 22 + 2 = 2 2 4 + 2 = 8 = 2 , z1 = 2 + 2i, z 2 = 2 2i .
Vieta : S = z1 + z 2 = 2 + 2i + 2 2i = 4 , P = z1z 2
= ( 2 + 2i )( 2 2i ) = 8
1
) ,
1974
2 + 2i
2 2i
1976
2 2i
+
2 + 2i
1974
1+ i
=
1 i
1976
1 i
+
1+ i
(1 + i )2
=
2
1 i
1974
(1 i )2
+
2
1 i
1976
1974
2i
=
2
1976
2i
+
= i1974 + i1976 = i1974 (1 + i 2 ) = 1 0 = 0
..-.- .-
) w = + i, , :
2
w z1 + w z 2 = 16 + i (2 + 2i) + + i (2 2i) = 16 ..
2
( 2) 2 + 2 = 4 w 2 = 4 w 2 = 2
(2,0) =2.
w 2 : w 2 = 2
)' w1 , w 2 (2),
.
, w1 w 2 , ,
. w1 w 2 = 4 = 2 , .
., , ,
(w1 ), B(w 2 ) , ,
2
w1 + w 2 = w1 w 2 = 16 .
, :
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
w1 w 2 + w1 + w 2 = 2 w1 + w 2 w1 + w 2 = 2 w1 + w 2 w1 w 2 32 16 = 16 w1 + w 2 = 4
(2 : , ,
w1 + w 2 = OA + OB = 2OK = 2 OK = 2 2 = 4 .
) i = 1, 2, 3 , w i 2 = 2 w i 2 = 4 ( w i 2 ) ( w i 2 ) = 4
2
wi 2
1
=
4
wi 2
,
w1 + w 2 + w 3 6
w + w 2 + w3 6
w + w 2 + w3 6
w 2 + w2 2 + w3 2
= 1
= 1
= 1
=
4
4
4
4
=
w1 2 w 2 2 w 3 2
1
1
1
+
+
=
+
+
4
4
4
w1 2 w 2 2 w 3 2
41)(**) .
:
w =
w=
z z ??
+
z z
z
z
+ , z , z 0 .
z
z
) w 2 .
) w
.
:
) w =
z
z
z
z
z
z
+
+
=
+
=2
z
z
z
z
z
z
..-.- .-
) w 2 w (0 + 0i) 2 .
(0,0) = 2 .
. ;
). :
2
z z
z
z z
z
z z
z
z z z
zz
z
w = + = + =
+
=
+
=
+
=
+
= w . w .
2
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
. (-2,0),(2,0).
42) z :
2
z + 2 Re(3zi) + 5 = 0
i)N . z.
ii) 1 z 5 .
iii) w w + z =
8
, z 3i .
z 3i
) . w.
) ( w z ) 0 .
2
) z = w Im z = 3
) , z w (Im z 3) ,
y ' y .
) P ( , z w (Im z 3) ). P
2
u u z u w + u 3i = 4 .
z + 2 Re(3zi) + 5 = 0 x 2 + y 2 2 Re(3(x + yi)i) + 5 = 0
i) x 2 + y 2 + 2 Re(3y + 3xi) + 5 = 0 x 2 + y 2 + 2 ( 3y ) + 5 = 0 x 2 + y 2 + 6y + 5 = 0
x 2 + y 2 6y + 9 9 + 5 = 0 x 2 + (y 3)2 4 = 0 x 2 + (y 3) 2 = 4
. C (0,3) =2 :
z 3i = 2
ii) z,3i :
..-.- .-
z 3i z 3i z + 3i z 3 z 3i z + 3 . :
z 3i = 2
z 3 z 3i z 3 2 2 z 3 2 1 z 5
, .
z.
iii) ) z = x + yi, x, y R : x 2 + (y 3) 2 = 4 (1)
w+z =
8 z 3i
8 z + 3i
8 z + 3i
8
w+z=
w+z =
w+z =
w + z = 2 z + 3i
2
z 3i
4
z 3i
( z 3i ) z 3i
w + z = 2z + 6i w = z + 6i w 3i = z + 3i w 3i = z 3i w 3i = z 3i = z 3i = 2 w 3i = 2
. o C.
) ) iii) :
w+z =
z = x + yi,x ,y
8
.... w = z + 6i w z = z z + 6i w z = 2 Im(z)i + 6i
z 3i
w z = 2yi + 6i ( w z ) = ( 2i ) ( y + 3) = 4 ( 3 y ) 0,
2
( w z ) 0 .
2
) iii) )
w =z
w = z + 6i z = z + 6i z z = 6i 2 Im(z)i = 6i Im(z) = 3
) ii) )
w = z + 6i w = x yi + 6i w = x + (6 y)i z w
A(x, y), B(x, 6 y) . .

y ' y .
) PA PB = R 2 PO 2 R .
2
PA PB = R 2 PO 2 u z u w = 22 u 3i u z u w + u 3i = 4
43)) w
w 4 3 = 3 .
)
6 3 w + w 10 3
) w1
.
) z 2 2 3z + 7 = 0 (1) .
) , z1 , z 2 (1)
.
..-.- .-
) :
E=
z13 z 2 + z 23 z1
1 + z 2 z1
, Z = 3(3z1 w1 ) 2014 + 4w12 (3z 2 w1 ) 2012
) . K(4 3,0) 3 )
3 3
5 3
4 3
:
3 3 Re(w) 5 3 6 3 2 Re(w) 10 3 6 3 w + w 10 3
) w1 - w
- min w1 = 3 3 (3 3, 0) ,
w1 = 3 3 .
) z 2 2 3z + 7 = 0, = 12 28 = 16 < 0
z1,2 =
2 3 4i
= 3 2i , z1 = 3 2i, z 2 = 3 + 2i
2
) () = w z1 = 3 3 3 + 2i = 2 3 + 2i =
(2 3)
+ 22 = 4
() = w z 2 = 3 3 3 2i = ... = 4
() = z1 z 2 =
3 + 2i 3 + 2i = ... = 4
) Vieta S = z1 + z 2 = = 2 3 , P = z1 z 2 =
E=
= 7 .:
z13 z 2 + z 23 z1 z 2 z1 (z12 + z 2 2 ) z 2 z1 ((z1 + z 2 ) 2 2z 2 z1 )

7
=
=
= ... =
1 + z 2 z1
1 + z 2 z1
1 + z 2 z1
4
..-.- .-
Z = 3(3z1 w1 ) 2014 + 4w12 (3z 2 w1 ) 2012 = 3(3( 3 2i) 3 3) 2014 + 4(3 3) 2 (3( 3 + 2i) 3 3)2012 =
3(3( 3 2i) 3 3)2014 + 108(3( 3 + 2i) 3 3) 2012 = 3(6i) 2014 + 108(6i) 2012 = (6i) 2012 (108 + 108) = 0
44) i :
i=i
1 = 1
1
=
1
1
=
1
1
1
1 1 = 1 1
ii = 1
i2 = 1
1 = 1 !!
;
45) , z .
z 6 + 2z5 + 2z 4 + 2z 3 + z 2 + (z + 1) 2 = 0 (1)
) z 6 1 + 2(z5 + z 4 + z3 + z 2 + z + 1) = 0 (1).
) z = 1 .
) .
) :
z 6 + 2z 5 + 2z 4 + 2z 3 + z 2 + (z + 1) 2 = 0 z 6 + 2z 5 + 2z 4 + 2z 3 + z 2 + z 2 + 2z + 1 = 0
z 6 + 2z 5 + 2z 4 + 2z 3 + z 2 + z 2 + 2z + 2 1 = 0 z 6 1 + 2(z 5 + z 4 + z 3 + z 2 + z + 1) = 0 (2)
) (2) 16 1 + 2(15 + 14 + 13 + 12 + 1 + 1) = 0 12 = 0 ,.
) z 1 . (2) z 1 .
z 1 + 2(z + z + z + z + z + 1)
=0
z 1
6
z6 1
)
( z6 1) ( zz + 11)
z 1
( z6 1) (z + 1) = 0
z 1 = 0
=0
( z6 1) (z + 1) = 0
2
z 1
z 1
z
1
( )
z 6 1 + 2(
z3 1 = 0 (3)
( z 3 1)( z 3 + 1) = 0
z 6 1 = 0
z3 + 1 = 0 (4)
z + 1 = 0
z = 1
z = 1
..-.- .-
z = 1,
1 i 3
2
z z + 1 = 0
z1,2 =
2
z = 1
z + 1 = 0
(4) z3 + 1 = ( z + 1) ( z 2 z + 1) = 0 0 2
1 i 3
z
+
z
+
1
=
0
z 3,4 =
2
z 1 = 0
(3) z3 1 = ( z 1) ( z 2 + z + 1) = 0 0
46)(**) :
(3z + 1)(4z + 1)(6z + 1)(12z + 1) = 2
.
(3z + 1)(4z + 1)(6z + 1)(12z + 1) = 2
8(3z + 1)6(4z + 1)4(6z + 1)2(12z + 1) = 8 6 4 2 2
24z + 5 = u
(24z + 8)(24z + 6)(24z + 4)(24z + 2) = 768

(u + 3)(u + 1)(u 1)(u 3) = 768
w =u2
(u 2 9)(u 2 1) = 768 (w 9)(w 1) = 768

w = 33
w 2 10w 759 = 0 ....
w = 23
( 24z + 5 )2 = 33
...
2
( 24z + 5 ) = 23
2
u = 33
2
u = 23
5 33
z =
24
5 23 i
z =
24
..-.- .-

.(2000-2013)
1) (2003) z=+i, a, w = 3 z iz + 4 , z
z.
. Re(w )=3+4 m(w )=3.
. , w

y=x12,
z
y=x2.
. z,
y=x2, .
. z = a + i z = a i
w = 3z iz + 4 = 3(a + i ) i(a i) + 4 = 3a + 3 i ia + i 2 + 4 = 3a + 3 i ia + 4
= (3a + 4) + (3 a)i
: Re( w) = 3a + 4 Im( w) = 3 a .
. w=x+yi y=x-12 (1)
x, y R
x = 3a + 4 (1)
3 = 3 + 4 12
y = 3
4-4=8 -=2 =-2 z y=x-2

. () 0
() y=x-2 y=-x
y = x2
y = x
x = x2
y = x
x =1
y = 1
(1, -1) z=1-i

2)( 2005)
. z1, z2, z3 z1 = z2 = z3 = 3 . z1 =
.
9
z1
z1 z2
+
.
z2 z1
. :
z1 + z 2 + z 3 =
1
z1 z 2 + z 2 z 3 + z 3 z1
3
. z1 = 3 z1
= 9 z1 z1 = 9 z1 =
9
z1
. : z R z = z
..-.- .-
z=x+yi : x-yi=x+yi 2 y i = 0 y = 0 z R
:
z1 z 2 z1 z 2
+ =
+
z 2 z1 z 2 z1
z1 z 2 z1 z 2 9 / z1 9 / z 2 z 2 z1
+ =
+
=
+
=
+
z 2 z1 z 2 z1 9 / z 2 9 / z1 z1 z 2
:
.
z1 + z2 + z 3 = z1 + z2 + z 3 = z1 + z2 + z 3 =
=
9
9
9
1
1
1
+ +
=9
+ +
=
z1 z2
z3
z1 z 2
z3
z2z3 + z1z3 + z1z2
=9
z2 z3 + z1z3 + z1z2
z1z2z3
z1 z2 z3
z2z3 + z1z3 + z1z2
1
z z + z2 z3 + z3 z1
333
3 1 2
3) (2006) z1, z2, z3 z1 = z2 = z3 = 1 z1 + z2+z3=0
= 9
. :
i.
z1 z 2 = z 3 z1 = z 2 z 3 .
2
ii. z1 z2 4 Re z1 z 2 1
. z 1 , z 2 , z 3 ,
.
. i. z1 z 2 = z 2 z 3 z1 ( z1 z 3 ) = z1 z 3 z 3 2 z1 + z 3 = z1 + 2 z 3 2z1 + z 3 = z1 + 2z 3
2
( 2z1 + z 3 ) 2z1 + z 3 = ( z1 + 2z 3 ) z1 + 2z 3
)
2
z1 = z 3 .
4z1 z1 + 2z1 z3 + 2z1z3 + z3 z3 = z1 z1 + 2z1 z3 + 2z1z3 + 4z3 z3 3 z1 = 3 z 3
z3 z1 = z 2 z3
ii. z1 z 2
4 z1 z 2 2
(
)
+ ( z z ) 2 2 Re(z z ) 2 Re(z z ) 1
z1 z 2 4 ( z1 z 2 ) z 1 z 2 4 1 z1 z 2 z 2 z 1 + 1 4
2
z 1 z 2 + z 2 z 1 2 z 1 z 2
. z1, z2, z3
( . i) .
4) ( E 2007) z1 = a + i z2 =
2 z1
, a, 0 .
2 + z1
z2 z1 .
) z2 z1 = 1
..-.- .-
) z1 .
) z12 a > 0 , z1
( z1 + 1 + i )20 ( z1 + 1 i )20 = 0
) :
z2 =
2 z1
2 + z1
2 + i ( 2 + i )( 2 + + i )
4 2 2
4
=
= ... =
+
i
2 + i ( 2 + i )( 2 + + i )
4 + 4 + 2 + 2 4 + 4 + 2 + 2
z2 z1 Im( z2 z1 ) = 0 Im( z2 ) Im( z1 ) = 0 Im( z2 ) = Im( z1 )
0
4
= 0 ... (a 2 + 2 + 4 ) = 0 a 2 + 2 + 4 = 0
2
2
4 + 4a + a +
(1) :
z2 =
4 + 4
4
+
i = 1 + + i = 1 + z1
4+0 4+0
z2 z1 = 1
) (A) : a 2 + 2 + 4 = 0
(,) z1 x 2 + y 2 + 4 x = 0 ,
(-2,0) =2. 0
(-4,0) (0,0).
) z12 = ( a + i ) 2 = a 2 + 2a i + ( i ) 2 = a 2 + 2a i 2 , z12 I a 2 2 = 0 a 2 = 2
0 , a 0 . a 2 + 2 + 4 = 0 ()
a0
: 2a 2 + 4 = 0 2a ( a + 2) = 0 a = 2
>0 2 > 0 < 0 , , a 2 = 2 , =-2,
z1 = 2 2i . :
( z1 + 1 + i ) 20 ( z1 + 1 i ) 20 = (1 i ) 20 (1 + i )20 = ((1 i ) 2 )10 ((1 + i ) 2 )10 =

(2i )10 (2i )10 = 0
..-.- .-
5) (2008) z w
(i + 2 2)z = 6 w (1 i) = w (3 3i)
:
. z .
. w .
. w
. z w
(i + 2 2)z = i + 2 2 z =
= 12 + (2 2) 2 z = 9 z = 3 z = 6 z = 2
z, , C (0,0) R=2
,o C 2 .
C
( z = x + iy , x, y R
,
, C : x 2 + y2 = 4 .)
.
w = x + iy , x, y R
| w (1 i) |=| w (3 3i) |
| (x 1) + i(y + 1) |=| (x 3) + i(y + 3) |
(x 1) 2 + (y + 1) 2 = (x 3)2 + (y + 3) 2
... x y 4 = 0
o . () : x y 4 = 0
. | w |=| w 0 |= (0,0) ()
, d, OB ( )
d min = d(O, ) =
004
12 + ( 1)2
=2 2
. | z w || w | | z |=| w | 2 2 2 2

| z w |min = 2 2 2
, OB OA
, 0

..-.- .-
6) (2009)
z=(2+1)+(21)i ,
R
. z,

R
. z0=1-i
.
. w
2
w + w 12 = z 0
z0 .
) z = x + yi
: x = 2 + 1
y = 2 1 ,
: x y = 2 y = x 2 .
z : y = x 2 .
) z : y = x 2
' (0, 0):
' ' = 1 1 ' = 1 ' = 1 .
' : y = x , (0, 0)
y = x 2 (1)
(2)
y = x
(1) + ( 2) : 2 y = 2 y = 1 ( 2) : 1 = x x = 1
(1, -1) z0 z0=1-i .
..-.- .-
. = a + i zo = 1 i
2
+ 12 = 0 2 + 2 + i 12 = 1 i
2 + 2 + = 13
= 1
2 + 2 + = 13 (1)
= 1
(1)
a 2 + 12 = 0 1 = 4 a2 = 3 = 1 .
1 = 4 + i 2 = 3 + i .
7) (2009 ) z :
( 2 - i ) z + ( 2 + i ) z -8 = 0
. N z = x + yi
.
.N
.
.
z1 + z 2 + z1 z 2 = 40
. :
z = x +iy
2 2 x i ( 2 yi ) = 8
( 2 i ) z + ( 2 + i ) z 8 = 0 2 ( z + z ) i ( z z ) = 8 x
, yR
2 x + y = 4 y = 2 x + 4
.. z
(): y = 2 x + 4
.

. , z
(), () xx, yy .
y = 0 0 = 2 x + 4 x = 2 , z1 = 2
x = 0 y = 2 0 + 4 y = 4 , z2 = 4i
.
2
z 1 + z 2 + z 1 z 2 = 2 + 4i + 2 4i =
=
) +(
2
2 2 + 42
2 2 + ( 4 )
)=
2
= 20 + 20 = 40
..-.- .-
2
= 2 z z 0
z
8) ( 20 1 0 ) z +
B1. z1 z2 .
B2. :
z12010 + z 22010 = 0
B3. w :
w 4 + 3i = z1 z 2
w .
B4. w 3, 3 w 7
1 : z 2 + 2 = 2z ( z 0 ) z 2 2z + 2 = 0 z1 = 1 + i, z 2 = 1 i
( )
2010
2010
2
2 : z1 + z 2 = z1
( )
1005
+ z 22
1005
2
2
2
z1 = (1 + i ) = 1 + 2i + i = 1 + 2i 1 = 2i
2
z 22 = (1 i ) = 12 2i + i 2 = 1 2i 1 = 2i
2
2010
2010
z1 + z 2 = (2i )
1005
+ ( 2i )
1005
= 21005 i 1005 21005 i 1005 = 0

3:
w 4 + 3i = z1 z 2
w 4 + 3i = 1 + i 1 + i
w 4 + 3i = 2i
w (4 3i ) = 2
w
( x 4 )2 + ( y + 3 )2
=4
4 : max w = (OK) + = 5 + 2 = 7 , min w = (OK ) = 5 2 = 3 ., 3 w 7

9)(2011) z w z 3i ,
z 3i + z + 3i = 2 w = z 3i +
1
z 3i
1. z.
2. z + 3i =
1
z 3i
3. w 2 w 2
4. : z w = z
1. z w z 3i , :
z 3i + z + 3i = 2 (1) w = z 3i +
1
(2)
z 3i
..-.- .-
z + 3i = z 3i = z 3i (1) :
z 3i + z + 3i = 2 z 3i + z 3i = 2 2 z 3i = 2 z 3i = 1 (3).
z ( 0,3)
=1.
1
1( z 3i )
z 3i
z 3i
z + 3i
z + 3i
=
=
=
=
=
= z + 3i
2
2
z 3i ( z 3i )( z 3i ) ( z 3i )( z 3i ) z 3i
1
z 3i
2.
3, 2. (2) w = z 3i +
1
= z 3i + z + 3i = z + z = 2 Re( z )
z 3i
z (0,3)
1 : 1 Re( z ) 1 2 2 Re( z ) 2 2 w 2
4, z w = z ( z + z ) = z = z
10)(2007) : z1 = i , z2 = 1 , z3 = 1 + i
2
). z1 + z2
= z3
) z : z z1 = z z2 :
i) Re( z ) = Im( z )
ii) z 0 , A =
z z
+ .
z z
)
2
( 1 ) +( 1 ) = 2
= ( 1 +1 ) = ( 1 +1 ) = ( 2 )
2
z1 + z2 =
z3
=2
) i) z z1 = z z2 ,
2
z = z z .
2
z z1 = z z2 ( z z1 )( z z1 ) = ( z z2 )( z z2 )
zz zz1 z1 z + z1 z1 = zz zz2 z2 z + z2 z2
zi iz + i i = z 1 1 z + 1 1
zi + iz i 2 = z z + 1
zi + iz +1 = z z +1
i ( z + z ) = z z
z z = 2Im( z ) i
i 2 Im( z )i = 2 Re( z ) Im( z ) = Re( z )
z + z = 2Re( z )
ii)
..-.- .-
z z z2 + z
z2 + z
A= + =
=
z z
zz
zz
i ) z = k + ki , k
(k + ki ) 2 + (k ki ) 2
=
2k 2
k 2 + 2k 2i + k 2i 2 + k 2 2k 2i + k 2i 2
=0
2k 2
11) (2011 ) z , w

z i = 1 + Im( z ) (1)
w( w + 3i ) = i (3w + i ) (2)
1) z
y =
1 2
x .
4
2 ) w
(0,3) = 2 2 .
3) ,
z,w z = w .
4) ,
, u
, ,,, .
1. z i = 1 + Im( z ) z = x + yi, x, y , :
x + yi i = 1 + y x + ( y 1)i = 1 + y x 2 + ( y 1) 2 = 1 + y
y 1
( x 2 + ( y 1)2 ) 2 = (1 + y ) 2 x 2 + ( y 1) 2 = 12 + 2 y + y 2 x 2 + y 2 2 y + 1 = 1 + 2 y + y 2
1
x 2 + y 2 2 y + 1 = 1 + 2 y + y 2 x 2 = 4 y x 2 = y, y 1
4
z :
z i = 1 + Im( z ) y =
2. w = x + yi, x, y :
1 2
x .
4
w( w + 3i ) = i (3w + i ) ( x + yi )( x yi + 3i ) = i (3( x yi ) + i )
( x + yi )( x yi + 3i ) = i (3( x yi ) + i )
x 2 xyi + 3 xi + yxi y 2i 2 + 3 yi 2 = 3 xi 3 yi 2 + i 2
x 2 xyi + 3 xi + yxi + y 2 3 y = 3 xi + 3 y 1 x 2 3 y + 1 + y 2 3 y = 0 x 2 6 y + 1 + y 2 = 0
x 2 + y 2 6 y + 9 9 + 1 = 0 x 2 + ( y 3)2 = 8 x 2 + ( y 3) 2 = 2 2
w( w + 3i ) = i (3w + i ) , (0,3) = 2 2
3. z = w , x1 , y1 z = x1 + y1i w = x1 + y1i ,
2
1
z i = 1 + Im( z ) y1 = x12 w( w + 3i ) = i (3w + i ) x12 + ( y1 3) 2 = 2 2
:
4
..-.- .-
1 2
4 y1 = x12
4 y1 = x12
y
x
=
1 4 1
2
2
2
x + ( y 3) = 2 2
2
x 2 + y 2 6 y +1 = 0
2
1
1
1
1
x1 + ( y1 3) = 2 2
1
4 y1 = x12
4 y1 = x12
4 y1 = x12
4 y1 = x12
4 y1 = x12
2
2
2
2
2
4 y1 + y1 6 y1 + 1 = 0
y1 2 y1 + 1 = 0
y1 2 y1 + 1 = 0
y1 2 y1 + 1 = 0
( y1 1) = 0
4 y1 = x12
4 y1 = x12
4 = x12
x1 = 2
y =1
1
y1 1 = 0
y1 = 1
y1 = 1
z = w
(2,1),( -2,1).
4. (0,3) , (2,1),( -2,1),
= (2 0,1 3) = (2, 2)
= (2 0,1 3) = (2, 2)

= 22 + (2) 2 = 8 = 2 2
= (2) 2 + (2) 2 = 8 = 2 2
i = (2, 2)( 2, 2) = 4 + 4 = 0
. =
+
+
= 0 =
= 1,
2
2
(0,1),
+
= 0 = = 0
2
+
3 +
=
=1
= 1 = 1 . (0,-1) u = 0 + (1)i = i
2
2
=
12) (2012) z , w
:
2
z 1 + z + 1 = 4
w 5w = 12 (2)
(1)
(2)
1) z
=1.
2) z1 , z2 z z1 z2 = 2
, z1 + z2 .
..-.- .-
3) w

x2 y 2
+
= 1
9
4
w .
4) z,w (1) (2)
: 1 z w 4 .
1) z,w :
2
z 1 + z + 1 = 4
(1) w 5w = 12 (2) .
z 1 + z + 1 = 4 ( z 1)( z 1) + ( z + 1)( z + 1) = 4
2
z z z z + 1 + z z + z + z + 1 = 4 2 z z = 2 z z = 1 z = 1 z = 1 (3)
, z (0,0) =1.
2) z1 = z2 = 1 .
z1 z2 = 2 z1 z2
2
z1 = z2 =1
= 2 .... Re( z1 z2 ) = 0 .
z1 + z2 = z1 + z2 + 2 Re( z1 z2 ) = 12 + 12 + 0 = 2 z1 + z2 = 2
3) w = x + yi, x, y (x,y)
x2 y 2
+
= 1 .
9
4
x2 y 2
w
+
=1
9
4
2
w 5w = 12 w 5w = 12 2 4 x + 6 yi = 144
(3,0),( -3,0) (0,2) (0.-2).

( )=6 ()=4.
( BB ')
( AA ')
(OM )
2 w 3 (4)
2
2
w = 2i w = 2i , min( w) = 2
w = 3 w = 3 , max( w) = 3
4) ( 3) (4) :
..-.- .-
(4)
(3)
(3)
(4)
1 = 2 1 w 1 = w 1 = w z w + z = z + ( w) = z w z + w = 1 + w 3 + 1 = 4
13)(2013) z
(z 2)(z 2) +
z2 =2
1. z , (2,0)
=1.
z , z 3 .
2. z1 , z 2
w 2 + w + = 0 , w , , , m(z1 ) m(z 2 ) = 2 : = 4, = 5
3. 0 , 1 , 2
1. :
3 + 2 2 + 1 + 0 = 0
: < 4 .
1. . z
(z 2)(z 2) +
z 2 = 2 z 2 + z 2 2 = 0 z 2 = 1 z 2 = 2 . .
z (2,0) =2.
2. z1 = x + yi , z 2 = z1 = x yi m(z1 ) m(z 2 ) = 2 2y = 2 y = 1
z 2 = 1 (x 2) 2 + 1 = 1 x = 2, z1 = 2 + i z 2 = 2 i .
z1 + z 2 = = 4, z1 z 2 = = 2 2 + 12 = 5 .
3
3 3 + 2 2 + 1 + 0 = 0 3 = 2 2 + 1 + 0 = 2 2 + 1 + 0
3
= 2 2 + 1 + 0 2 + 1 + 0 3 + 3 + 3 = 3( + + 1)
3 +3 +3<3 +3 +4 3 3 4<0
( 4 ) ( 2 + + 1) < 0
<4
..-.- .-
14)(2013 )
z w
2 x 2 w 4 3i x = 2 z , x , x = 1 .
1) z
1= 1,
w (4,3) 2= 4.
2) ,
.
3) z, w 1 : z w 10
z + w 10
4) z 1 ,
:
2 z 2 3z 2 z z = 5
1. :
2 x 2 w 4 3i x = 2 z 2 x 2 w 4 3i x + 2 z = 0 (1)
(1) x=1 , Vieta:
S = x1 + x2 = 1 + 1 = 2
w 4 3i
= 2 w (4 + 3i ) = 4
w 4 3i
2
S = =
2
w (4,3)
2= 4
(1) x=1 :
(1) : 2 12 4 1 = 2 z z = 1 , z
1= 1( 1)
3
2. : (OK ) = 4 2 + 32 = 25 = 5 = 1 + 2
, , .
..-.- .-
(
)
B3 (z), (w) z,w .
0 z w 2( 1 + 2 ) 0 z w 10 . ( 2)
4
( ) (z),(w).
w :
( ) 2 w ( ) + 2 1 w 9 z + w 10 .
z + w z + w 10
4. z = x + yi, x, y z = x yi z z = 2 yi .
2z 2 3z 2zz = 5 z(2z 3 2z) = 5 z 2z 3 2z = 5 2z 3 2z = 5
2( z z ) 3 = 5 4 yi 3 = 5
(4y)
+ 32 = 5 16 y 2 = 16 y 2 = 1 y = 1
y =1 y =1
z = 1 x 2 + y 2 = 1 ... x = 0 . z1 = i z2 = i .
, . ,
, (, . )
, ..
,
,
, .
,
1 , ,
..-.- .-
Complex Numbers From A To Z, Titu Andreescu - Dorin Andrica

A Problem Book in Algebra, V.A.Krechmar,
Algebra and Trigonometry , A.K.Bettinger,J.A.Englund
Complex. Numbers .In. Geometry ..Yaglom
THEMES MATHEMATIQUES, Gaston Aligniac
Friendly Mathematics Competition-35 Years of Teamwork in Indiana

. Thadeus Gorian College
Problems in High School Mathematics, Prilepko
study4exams.gr( http://www.study4exams.gr/math_k/course/view.php?id=68)
. forum mathematica.gr .
..-.- .-

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1 http://mathhmagic.blogspot.

2) z, w Re(z + w ) = Re(z) + Re(w ) .

3) z, w Re(z w ) = Re(z) Re(w ) .

10) i 2012 + i 2013 + i 2014 + i 2015 0.

22) 1 < 2 1 < 2 + 3i 3i 1 + 3i < 2 + 3i .

1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11) 12) 13) 14) 15) 16) 17) 18)

) (1 + i)188 = ( (1 + i) 2 ) = ( 2i )94 = 294 i 423 + 2 = 294 i 2 = 294

ii) * , 200 206 i3 +1 + i = 0 .

) : i(3 7i) = 3i 7i 2 = 3i + 7 (1)

) (3i + 7) + (3 7i) = 0 (i(3 7i)) + (3 7i) = 0 i (3 7i) + (3 7i) = 0

) i) i + i 2 + .... + i987 = i + i 2 + .... + i1974 = i

i1974 1 1974 = 4493+ 2 i 2 1 2i

+ w54 = ( i 2 w2 ) + w54 = ( w2 ) + w54 = w54 + w54 = 0

(1),(2): 0 < 1 2 (3)

2 < 2 2 + 2 0 < 2 2 < 0 > 2 .

= (z1 + z 2 )(z1 + z 2 ) + ( z1 z 2 ) z1 z 2 = ... = 2( z1 + z 2 )

A(z) = B(z) A(z) A(z) = B(z)B(z)

(z1 z 2 )(z1 z 2 ) = 3z1 z1

) z1 , z 2 z1 < 1, z 2 < 1 , : z1 z 2 < 1 z 1 z 2

( z1 z 2 ) ( z1 z 2 ) < (1 z1z 2 )(1 z1 z 2 ) z1 z1 z1 z 2 z 2 z1 + z 2 z 2 < 1 z1 z 2 z1z 2 + z1 z 2 z1z 2

= 1 z + z + = 1 ... z + 2 + + = 1 . ( ii) 2 + 2 (1)

15) < 2, 1 1 + 1 z + 2 z 2 + ... + N z N = 0 z

z < .( 1967 Indiana College mathematics competition)

z 2iz + 2 (1 + i) = 0 x + yi 2i(x + yi) + 2 (1 + i) = 0 x 2 + y 2 2xi + 2y + 2 + 2 i = 0

2zz 3z 3z + 4 = 0 2 z 3(z + z) + 4 = 0 2 x 2 + y 2 3(2x) + 4 = 0 x 2 + y 2 3x + 2 = 0

20)( bonus 20)

) z 11 = iz11 + 8 z11 = i(z11 + ) z11 = i 11 (z11 +

z11 = z11 8i z11 (0 + 0i) = z11 (0 + 8i)

(1 z 4 )(1 z 3 )(1 z 2 )(1 z) = (1 z 4 )(1 z 3 )(1 z 2 )(1 z) = (1 z )(1 z )(1 z )(1 z) =

24)(*) z 0 , z1 ,...., z10 z 0 + z1 + .... + z10 = w

( z10 z 0 ) z10 z 0 < ( z10 + z 0 ) z10 + z 0

z10 z 0 < z10 + z 0

z 2 + z 2 2 Re(z z ) < z + z + 2 Re(z z )

2 Re(z10 z 0 ) < 2 Re(z10 z 0 )

z 0 w + z 0 w > 0 Re(z 0 w ) > 0 (2) Re(z 0 w ) < 0 (3).

Re(z 0 w ) > Re(z 0 w ) z 0

iii) z = + 2 + ( 2 1)i . (x,y) z ,:

(1 + iz) 7 e1974 i = (1 iz) 7 e1974 + i ,

)i) (1 + iz) 7 e1974 i = (1 iz) 7 e1974 + i (1 + iz) 7 e1974 i = (1 iz) 7 e1974 + i

) (z), (w) z,w .

= 4 Re [ ( 1 + 2i)(x + yi) ] x 2 + y 2 + 4 = 4 Re x yi + 2ix + 2yi 2

zz 2zi + 2zi 4i + zz + 2zi 2zi 4i = 10 2zz + 8 = 10 zz = 1 z = 1

32) z1 , z 2 z11974 = 3 + i , z 21974 = 1 + 3i .

) m = z13948 + z 2 3948 = z11974

ii) c = 2 + 2i, , m(c) 0 . x = 2, y = 2

(1) x y + (2xyi 1)i = 0

(2) x y + (2xy + 1)i = 0

ii) z z10 = 1 (1). :

x 2 + 2xyi + y 2 i 2 5x 5yi + 4 < 0

x 2 + 2xyi y 2 5x 5yi + 4 < 0

x 2 y 2 5x + 4 + (2xy 5y)i < 0

y = 0 x 2 5x + 4 < 0 ... x (1, 4 ) z = x, x (1, 4 )

z 2 + 4 < 5z (x + yi) 2 + 4 < 5(x + yi) x 2 + 2xyi + y 2 i 2 + 4 < 5x + 5yi

4(1 + z )(1 + w ) == 4 z w (1 + z )(1 + w ) =

4 zw + zzw w + w z + 1 = 4 zw (1 + zw ) + w z + 1 = 4(1 + zw )(zw + 1) = 4(1 + zw )(1 + zw ) =

= i1974 + i1976 = i1974 (1 + i 2 ) = 1 0 = 0

z + 2 Re(3zi) + 5 = 0 x 2 + y 2 2 Re(3(x + yi)i) + 5 = 0

A(x, y), B(x, 6 y) . .

, Z = 3(3z1 w1 ) 2014 + 4w12 (3z 2 w1 ) 2012

z13 z 2 + z 23 z1 z 2 z1 (z12 + z 2 2 ) z 2 z1 ((z1 + z 2 ) 2 2z 2 z1 )

(24z + 8)(24z + 6)(24z + 4)(24z + 2) = 768

(u 2 9)(u 2 1) = 768 (w 9)(w 1) = 768

4-4=8 -=2 =-2 z y=x-2

(1, -1) z=1-i