Sy hng ngoi: n ng thch anh: Loi ny l dy vonfram xon t ti tm ca ng thch anh hnh tr. Cng sut ca n t 0.1-20kW.

Nhit ca n loi ny l 28.0000K (25270C) c tui th 5000h. Que t bng in tr: Cu to ca dy t gm dy hp kim nicrom xon, hnh l xo, t trong ng kim loi, cch in bng oxit magie, oxit nhm hay cc thch anh. Cng sut ca mi dn que t t n 25kw, nhit l 8000C. n gng: bu thu tinh c trng gng mt phn bn trong tp trung tia sng v mt pha. Dy tc ca n l vonfram c cng sut 250-500w, nhit 23000C Vt bc x bng gm: y l loi tin li trong ch bin thc phm. cu to ca n gm dy in tr bng hp kim nicrom c p vo trong lng khi gm. Cng sut mi chic l 1kw vi nhit lm vic t 450-7000C. m bo bc x c ng u th cc thit b bc x phi c b phn phn x g l pha n Thit b sy hng ngoi: Thit b gin on Thit b lin tc: thng quay bng bc x hng ngoi Kh nng tiu dit vi sinh vt cao (vi sinh vt c mang, lng t, nhiu mu sc nn tia hng ngoi bt mu m xuyn vo nguyn liu ln vi sinh vt nm trong nguyn liu cng b tiu dit) u im: Thi gian sy cho php rt ngn do tng nng sut, gim gi thnh sn phm Thit b sy c cu to n gin, gn, d iu chnh Tn tht nhit t Cng bay hi m ln c th ti vi ln so vi sy i lu v tip xc. iu ny c gii thch l do dng nhit bc x trn mt n v din tch ln hn ng k. Khng gy nhim mi trng Nhc im: Tiu tn nhiu nng lng (1.5-2.5kw cho mt kg m bc hi) t s dng trong sy nng sn do nng sn d b bin tnh v tn tht nhit nhiu, thch hp vi cc vt liu mng, lm kh cc cht do trong sn xut v ch bin Vt liu bc m khng u do sy nhanh b mt, nhit truyn su vo trong vt liu chm hn, khng thch hp vt liu dy Chi ph cho thit b cao. Sy bng dng in cao tng: u im: Tiu dit t bo sinh trng ca vi sinh vt Gi c mi v v thnh phn dinh dng ca thc phm Khng sinh c t Thi gian x l ngn, vn tc sy nhanh, sy nhng vt liu c kch thc ln, vt liu c lm nng u.

Nhc im: Ch s dng cho thc phm lng v st Lin quan n an ton trong qu trnh ch bin v iu khin Nng lng s dng ln ng dng: trong thanh trng thc phm dng lng hoc st. to ra thc phm an ton cht lng cao do khng lm bin i thnh phn thc phm cng ngh ln men lm tng qu trnh trao i cht, qu trnh tch sn phm trong nui cy t bo thc vt sy thc phm vt liu m va c tnh in phn va c tnh bn dn. khi t trong in trng th hp th nng lng in v bin thnh nhit nng t chy. Trong vt liu m lun tn ti cc ion m v ion dngChnh s ht nhau v y nhau nh vy to nn 1 ngu cc. ngu cc quay cng chiu kim ng h, ngu cc mm quay ngc chiu kim ng h. khi c trong in trng th cc ion chuyn +, sang +. Khi i chiu dng in lin tc s lm i chiu lin tc ca cc ngu cc nn vt liu nng ln. Thit b chnh ca sy bng dng in cao tng gm 1 b phn cung cp nng lng cao th, t in tr in, 1 cng tc phng in n in cc B phn pht sung in pht ra dng in cao th tch t in v phng in vo khoangvt liu cn x l cho vo khoang c tip tc cho qua khoang phng in gm 2 in cc bng cacbon nm song song. Dng in cao tng c sinh ra bi b pht sung c tch vo t Sy bng dng in cao tng l vt liu m dch chuyn qua gia 2 tm phng c dng in cc tng nh my chuyn thnh dng in 1 chiu c in th cao 411kw trong in trng c tng s cao cc phn t m giao ng mnh do c st gia cc phn t m sinh ra nhit. nh nhit ny m vt liu m c t nng nhanh v c lm kh Thit b sy phun: Sy ngc chiu, cng chiu Dng sy cc dng dung dch v huyn ph trong trng thi phn tn. Qu trnh xy ra rt mnh lit, s thay i nhit m xy rangha l qu trnh sy thc hin bi nhng git lng c phun ra. My c dng to bt ng nht (bt sa, ng cc) thng c hnh cu kch thc t 10-40m. Dng trong cng ngh ha hc, thc phm (sn xut bt trng kh, bt sa, bt thc n gia sc cao cp, bt ct p tri cy..). thit b sy phun thc cht chuyn trng thi lng a vo sy bng phun vo khng kh nng va phi. gm 3 giai on: - Phun dung dch (quan trng nht) - S tip xc gia khng kh v vt liu - Sy - Tch sn phm sy nh hng ln n tnh cht sn phm cui cng - thit b sy phun c mt v tr c bit trong lnh vc sy kh cc loi sn phm, nht l cc sn phm nhy cm vi nhit

- khng c k thut sy no khc c th to bt c tnh cht chy t do (ri, mn, ng u) t dch lng nh sy phun. N t c v tr khng th so snh trong vic to sn phm bt v c th iu khin c tnh ca bt theo yu cu. - vic thit k thit b sy phun i hi kin thc v k nng rt cao v phc tp Khng kh a vo t trn nh, cht lng phun vo thp bi vi phun di ln dng vi phun p lc t c kch thc nh, hiu sut 85-90. Tuy nhin nu to dng vo my sy thp, ming vi phun tr nn qu b s b bt l vi phun y l iu khng th trnh khi. u im: iu khin c kch thc ht Tnh cht dng chy ca dung dch sy Thi gian sy ngn Hn ch s n mn Sn xut c hn hp cht rn ng nht: sy phun to ra lng sn phm ng nht nhiu nht m mi ht u c cc thnh phn ho hc cha trong dung dch a vo. Nhc im: Thit b cng knh, vn u t cao Chi ph vn hnh cao (nhin liu, sa cha) Gi thnh sn phm cao Tn km trong chun b dung dch phun do cn a dung dch n nng thch hp trc khi sy Sn phm d ht m, kh bo qun lu Sy chn khng: Sy tang trng, bng ti(vacuum belt dryer-dng song song, dng chui lin tip: my sy chn khng bng ti-vbd gm mt s bng ti c lp v bc bn ngoi, t song song hoc ni thnh chui, chuyn ng vi tc khng i qua cc tm gia nhit) - phng php sy chn khng thng c chi ph kh cao v c cc yu cu cng ngh kh nghim ngt nn thng ch c p dng sy cc nguyn liu nhy cm vi nhit , trong iu kin nhit cao s lm bin i ng k tnh cht ca chng. - trong cng ngh thc phm th phng php sy chn khng c th c p dng sy cc enzyme, rau qu, sa, bt canh, bt dinh dngngoi ra, phng php sy chn khng cn c p dng trong vic trch ly v c c cc cht to hng. - trong cc ngnh cng nghip khc th phng php sy chn khng thng c p dng cho cc nguyn liu nhy cm vi nhit , trch ly v c c nc hoa K thut sy chn khng c p dng thnh cng trong ch bin cc sn phm: Dch chit tht (cao tht, meat extract) Cc loi bnh m nng Sn phm thc vt thu phn Nc qu c c Enzyme

Dc phm Dch chit tho mc Cc dng my sy chn khng thng dng: My sy chn khng bng ti My sy chn khng dng t u im ca vic s dng cc h thng sy chn khng: Thi gian sy ngn, tn tht hng thm gim thiu Mt mt sn phm thp Khng c s oxy ho sn phm Khng gy bin dng c hc Nhit sn phm thp Tiu th nng lng t hn H thng l kn hon ton Khng nhim mi trng C th kim sot c phn ng maillard Sn phm c cht lng cao Thit b sy thng hoa: Sy tng si: Nguyn tc hot ng ca thit b sy tng si: Tng si l qu trnh dng dng kh to cho lp ht rn chuyn thnh trng thi linh ng gn ging cht lng. dng kh c thi t di ln xuyn qua lp ht to mt lc nng xo trn trt t sp xp gia cc ht trong khi ht. ti mt tc no , lc nng ca kh ru nng ht ln v xo trn nh nhng, bt u c s gin n th tch lp ht, lp ht c xu hng tch ra v dao ng qua li trong mt gii hn nht nh. y l giai on tin tng si, lp ht t trng thi tnh tr nn linh ng. mc tng si ho ph thuc vo tc tng i ca dng kh vi ht, t giai on tin tng si, qua tng si c, tng si long v cui cng l lp ht b cun theo dng kh, qu trnh tng si b ph v chuyn sang qu trnh vn chuyn bng kh. Trong qu trnh sy tng si, vt liu dng ht vt liu c sy kh trong trng thi l lng vi dng kh thi t di lp ht ln. Nhng c im chnh khi vt liu trng thi tng si l b mt tip xc gia 2 pha kh-rn rt ln, lp tng si c c tnh gn ging lp cht lng ang si, nht lp ht lc ny nh. Ngoi ra, tng si mc yu cn i km hin tng phn lp theo khi lng ring ca ht. sau khi lp ht t trng thi tng si, vic tng tc dng kh ln na khng lm tng tn tht p sut kh qua lp ht. cc ht c xu hng t sp xp li sao cho to nhiu khe h cho dng kh qua, rng tng ln v tng chiu cao lp ht. ti mt s im trong lp ht xut hin cc ti kh v l hng. s xut hin ny lm ht b xo trn to ra s ng u nhit v thnh phn cho lp ht. tri li, nu bng kh ln, lng nhit do bng kh mang theo khng kp dng sy gy lng ph nhit. vt liu trng thi si nhn nhit ng thi nh m v c sy kh tr thnh nh hn theo tc nhn ni ln lp trn v c ly ra ngoi mt cao thch hp m bo ng kh yu cu. y l h thng chuyn sy cc vt liu dng ht, cc nh, bt mn.

Khng kh thi qua thit b lc thu hi cc ht vt liu nh b cun theo. Tu theo c vt liu m thay i da l v iu chnh lng khng kh sy thi vo thp cho thch hp vt liu sy lun lun trng thi tng si. Tc nhn sy: nung nng khng kh ta c nhiu cch vi cc ngun nhit khc nhau nh: hi nc nng ly t l hi thng qua caloriphe, in, bng hi t, du FO, than, ci. Mun nung nng khng kh ln 1200C n 1500C ta c th dng hi nc nng c p sut t 3kg/cm2 n 7kg/cm2 Mun c khng kh t nhit cao hn 1500C ta dng caloriphe k t, khi l hoc in nng ch nn dng trong phng th nghim v t Nu vt sy c th trc tip tip xc vi kh nng (khi l) th nhit sy c th nng ln 8000C hay 10000C (sy vt liu sy dng) Trng thi kh ng ca lp vt liu: Kho st hin tng sau y: mt lp vt liu dng ht ln li nm ngang bn trong ng t thng ng, tit din ngang ca ng c th l hnh trn, vung, ch nht: ht khng lt li. thi khng kh i qua lp ht chiu t di ln, trng thi ca cc ht v c lp ht ph thuc rt ln vo vn tc dng kh i xuyn qua lp ht: - Ht ng yn - Th tch khi ht ln ln - Cc ht v kh chuyn ng ging hin tng si-gi l tng si - Phn lp Ta thy, khi vn tc dng kh nh th lc do n sinh ra b hn trng lng ht nn cc ht ng yn. Tng tc dng kh dn ln n gi tr xp x vn tc lng ca ht th s xy ra hin tng cc ht ng y lm th tch khi ht ln ln. Lc ny xem nh lc y cu dng kh cn bng trng lng ht. lp ht xem nh va chm si hay si ti thiu, vn tc dng kh trng thi ny gi l vn tc ti thiu Vmt (ph thuc c tnh vt l ca ht: kch thc, hnh dng, trng lng ring, xp khi ht v c c tnh vt l ca kh sy nh nht, khi lng ring) Tng tip tc dng kh, ta thy hin tng ht v kh chuyn ng ging ht qu trnh si, ngha l cc bng kh xuyn qua lp ht ri n bng b mt lp ht, to ra chuyn ng mnh liu v hn n ca ht (trng hp tit din ngang ng dn nh, lp ht dy th c th xy ra hin tng cc bng kh nhp li vi nhau bn di cc lp ht to ra s phn lp). Nu tng vn tc kh n mt gi tr no , cc phn t tr nn l lng hon ton trong khng kh gi l trng thi ti hn. nu vn tc kh vt qua trng thi ny th cc phn t ht s di chuyn theo dng kh ra ngoi. Vt liu thch hp cho sy tng si cn tiu chun sau: Kch thc trung bnh ht vt liu nm trong gii hn 20m-10nm. Vt liu qu mn d to mng lm cho tng si khng u. vt liu qu ln th km linh ng Kch thc ht v hnh dng ht trong hn hp khng nn qu khc bit nhau v vt liu d phn lp v ht nh d b cun theo khng kh

Ht khng qu dinh khng kt chm v trnh dnh tm phn phi Ht cn c bn c hc v bn nhit cn thit c th chu c s c xt v tc dng ca dng kh. Thc n vin c xem l mt trong nhng loi vt liu c th sy hiu qu bng phng php tng si. Mc d vy, cho n nay my sy tng si vn cha c dng rng ri cho sy thc n ch yu di chi ph nng lng cn cao i vi sy dng bt nho, dung dch th phi dng cc vt mang dng ht tr vi vt liu sy, khng thm nc, chu va p v chu nhit. vt liu sy bm dnh ln b mt ngoi ca cc ht mang (ht ch). Qu trnh sy tng si din ra i vi cc ht c dnh vt liu sy dng nho. Sn phm sy thu c dng bt, c thu hi nh cc cyclone v lc ti. Cc vt mang li c trn vi bt nho sy tip. Phn loi thit b sy tng si: Theo c cu nhp v tho liu: a. sy tng si gin on: c dng vi trng hp nng sut nh, hoc khi cn sy nhiu chng loi vt liu sy khc nhau. Tuy nng sut thp nhng sn phm sy ng u v c th ln lt thc hin nhiu cng on trong cng mt bung sy: trn ln, lm ri ht, sy, lm ngui. nh c im ny m cng ngh sn xut dc phm hay dng my sy tng si gin on vt liu sy c cp mt ln vo bung sy, sau np bung c ng li, my thi kh hot ng a kh nng t calorife vo to ch tng si cho vt liu. mt phn kh thi c th tun hon tr li. kh thi c dn qua b phn tch bi trc khi thi ra mi trng ngoi. Sau mt thi gian, ngun nhit c ngt, khng kh lnh c thi vo bung tng si lm ngui khi ht trc khi tho sn phm ra khi my sy. to iu kin d dng cho x l v cp tho liu, phn trn bung tng si c thit k sao cho c th tho lp c d dng. b. sy tng si lin tc: c dng khi cn nng sut ln v sn xut n nh, cho php tit kim nng lng v thi gian np v tho liu sy tng si lin tc thng trn: thng c mt ct nganh hnh vung hay hnh trn, c chiu dy lp ht tng i ln, c th n 1m. hiu qu s dng nhit ca loi ny thng l cao, cho php sy cc vt liu rt t (kh to tng si) do nguyn liu t cung cp vo c trn vi vt liu kh. Nhc im ca thit b ny l cho sn phm c kh khng cao, ht c m khng ng u v c s trn ln gia vt liu t v kh sy tng si kiu dng y: vt liu chuyn t ca nhp liu n ca tho liu theo kiu tnh tin tng t cht lng chy trong ng ng. sn phm kh u do thi gian lu vt liu trong vng sy gn nh nhau. Tuy nhin hiu sut s dng nhit thp hn so vi loi thng trn v nhit lng ca khng kh on cui knh khng c s dng nhit trit . Mt khc, my sy ny kh dng cho vt liu qu dnh t v on u tp trung vt liu vo cn t rt kh to tng si. khc phc nhc im ny c th dng c cu o trn hoc phn ring dng khng kh ti vng u vo t trng thi tng si. Vt liu sy m dng ht c np vo tng si trn cng, sn phm ly ra tng di cng. Cc ht chy chuyn t tng trn xung tng di l b phn

chy truyn. tc nhn sy c cp ring cho mi tng sau khi i qua li v lp ht, chng theo khong ring ri i ra ca trn nh bung sy. Khc nhau gia sy thng hoa v sy bng khng kh kh truyn thng: Sy kh truyn thng Sy thng hoa Thc phm sy kh d dng rau, ng Sy c hu ht cc loi thc phm c c m cc phng php khc khng thc hin c Tht ni chung khng cho hiu qu Rt tt cho ch bin tht chn v sng Khong nhit t 39-930C Nhit di im ng lnh p sut kh quyn p sut thp 27-133Pa Bc hi nc t b mt thc phm Thng hoa nc t mt nc Lm tn tht cht ho tan, c khi lm S tn tht l ti thiu cng sn phm ng sut tc ng trn thc phm rn t gy thay i cu trc v co sn phm l nguyn nhn nh hng n cu trc v co sn phm S kh nc chm v khng hon ton Kh nc rt nhanh Nhng phn sy kh l rn hay l xp Nhng phn c sy kh xp c mt thng c mt cao hn nguyn liu thp hn nguyn liu Tn tht hng v Hng v c gi li bnh thng Sn phm thng sm mu Mu bnh thng Gi tr dinh dng gim Gi c dinh dng Gi sn phm thp Gi sn phm ni chung cao, c th gp nhiu ln sy kh bnh thng.