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Modeling, Analysis & Design of RC Building

Using ETABS
(Metric Units) ACECOMS, AIT

Table of Content
Objective Problem Step by Step 1. Start Model with Template 2. Define Material Properties 3. Define Member Sections 4. Draw the Members 5. Define Load Cases and Assign Loads 6. Define Mass Source 7. Define the Design Codes 8. Assign Rigid Diaphragm and Mesh the Frame 9. Add Load Combinations 10. Set Analysis Options 11. Run Analysis 12. Run Concrete Frame Design and View the Results 13. Run Shear Wall Design and View the Results 14. Check Story Drift 5 5 12 12 14 15 20 50 61 62 64 66 68 69 70 75 82

ETABS Tutorial Example

ACECOMS, AIT

Objective
To demonstrate and practice step-by-step on the modeling, analysis and design of 10 story RC building by static lateral force procedure.

Problem
Carry out analysis, and design of 10 story RC building as shown in following details using UBC-97 static lateral force procedure.

3D View

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ETABS Tutorial Example Plan View (Unit in m)

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BASE STORY 4

STORY 5 STORY 8

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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STORY 9 STORY 10

Elevation View

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Elevation View of Elevator Shaft

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ETABS Tutorial Example Material Properties for Concrete (Unit in kg and cm)

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Section Properties Member Beam B1 (width x height) Beam B2 (width x height) Column C1 Column C2 Slab Shear wall Dimension 30 x 60 cm 40 x 80 cm 40 x 40 cm 50 x 50 cm Thickness = 15 cm Thickness = 20 cm

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ETABS Tutorial Example Story Height Data Story Typical Story Height 3.00 m

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Static Load Cases Load Name Load Type Details Self Weight of Structural Members Calculate automatically using Self Weight Multiplier in ETABS Uniform Load on Slabs: (Finishing + Partition Load) LIVE Reducible Live Load Uniform Load on Slabs: (Use Tributary Area: UBC97) Value

DEAD

Dead Load

0.20 t/m2 0.25 t/m2

Wind Load Cases (UBC97) Load Case Parameter WINDX Wind Direction Wind Speed Exposure Type Importance Factor X 70 mph B (Suburban area) 1 (Building normal importance) WINDY Y

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ETABS Tutorial Example Static Lateral Force Parameters (UBC-97) Parameter Seismic Zone Seismic Zone Factor Soil Profile Type Values 2A 0.15 SD Remark

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Table 16-I (UBC-97) Dual Systems Concrete Shear Walls with Concrete IMRF Table 16-N (UBC-97) Table 16-K (UBC-97) Section 1630.2.2 (UBC-97) Section 1630.6 (UBC-97)

Overstrength Factor

6.5

Importance Factor Ct Eccentricity Ratio

1 0.02 0.05

Static Lateral Force Case Load Case Name EQX EQNX EQY EQNY Direction and Eccentricity X Dir + Eccen. Y X Dir - Eccen. Y Y Dir + Eccen. X Y Dir - Eccen. X % Eccentricity 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Step by Step
1. Start Model with Template
Step 1-1: Select Working Unit and Start New Model using Template Start up screen of ETABS, select working unit to be ton-m at drop-down menu on the bottom-right of screen and click on New Model button to start new model using template

Note: Click the Default.edb button. This means that the definitions and preferences will be initialized (get their initial values) from the Default.edb file that is in the same directory as your ETABS.exe file. If the Default.edb file does not exist in this directory then the definitions and preferences are initialized using ETABS built-in defaults. You should create your Default.edb file such that you most commonly click this button. In some cases you may want to click the Choose.edb button and specify a different file from which the definitions and preferences are to be initialized. For example, a certain client or project may require certain things in your model to be done in a certain way that is different from your typical office standards. You could have a specific .edb file set up for this client or project which could then be used to initialize all models for the client or project. This will allow setting of the repeatedly used preferences. Click the No button if you just want to use the built-in ETABS defaults.

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ETABS Tutorial Example


Step 1-2: Specify Grid and Story Dimension

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Specify grid dimension and story dimension as shown in figure below. Select Grid Only option to add the structural objects later.

Step 1-3: Save the Model The grid system has been created as parameters specified from previous steps. Go to File >> Save, and save the file.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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2. Define Material Properties


Step 2-1: Change Working Unit Change working unit to kg-cm and go to Define >> Material. Click Add New Material button to add the new concrete material.

Note: You may select N-mm or Kip-in or whatever unit to input material properties. Step 2-2: Specify the Material Properties Specify material properties of concrete (fc = 240 ksc) as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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3. Define Member Sections


Step 3-1: Define Frame Section for Beam (30 cm x 60 cm) Go to Define >> Frame Sections and select on Add Rectangular from second drop-down menu. Enter beam section properties for B1 as shown in figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Step 3-2: Define Frame Section for Beam (40 cm x 80 cm) Select on Add Rectangular from second drop-down menu. Enter beam section properties for B2 as shown in figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Step 3-3: Define Frame Section for Column (40 cm x 40 cm) Select on Add Rectangular from second drop-down menu. Enter column section properties for C1 as shown in figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Step 3-4: Define Frame Section for Column (50 cm x 50 cm) Select on Add Rectangular from second drop-down menu. Enter column section properties for C2 as shown in figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Step 3-5: Define Area Section for Slab (15 cm thk.) Go to Define >> Wall/Slab/Deck Sections and select on Add New Slab from drop-down menu. Enter slab section properties as shown in figure below.

Step 3-6: Define Area Section for Wall (20 cm thk.) Select on Add New Wall from drop-down menu. Enter wall section properties as shown in figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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4. Draw the Members


Step 4-1: Change View to Plan View and Change Working Unit to Ton-m Activate left window by clicking on left window area, click on Set Plan View button and select STORY1. Change working unit to Ton-m

Step 4-2: Draw Columns at Story 1 button, select the property of column in Properties of Object dialogue. Click on Window the grid intersections from Grid A4 to H1.

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ETABS Tutorial Example


Step 4-3: Draw Beams at Story 1

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button, select the property of beam in Properties of Object dialogue. Click on Window the grid intersections from Grid A4 to H1.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Step 4-4: Draw Slabs at Story 1 button, select the property of slab in Properties of Object dialogue. Click on Window the grid intersections from Grid A4 to H1.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Step 4-5: Set Building View Options Click on button, set the building as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Step 4-6: Assign the Beam Section (B2) Select the beams along Y-direction. Go to Assign >> Frame/Line >> Frame Section, and assign B40x80 section as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Step 4-7: Mesh the Slabs Select all the slabs and go to Edit >> Mesh Areas. Enter the number of meshes as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Step 4-8: Draw the Wall Click on Rubber Band Zoom button to zoom plan view at shear wall location. Go to Draw >> Draw Point Objects, enter Plan Offset X in Properties of Object dialogue and click 4 nodes as shown in figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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button and select the property of wall in Properties of Object Click on dialogue. Draw the wall segments from node to node as shown in figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Go to Select >> by Area Object Type, and select wall to select the walls.

Go to Edit >> Replicate, and replicate mirror about the line as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Step 4-9: Delete the beams on the wall Select the beams on the walls and delete them.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Step 4-10: Draw the Beams Connecting to the Wall Click on button and select B40x80 in Properties of Object dialogue. draw the beams connecting the columns and the walls.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Step 4-11: Change the Stiffness Modifiers Select the beams connecting to the wall. Go to Assign >> Frame/Line >> Frame Property Modifiers, and change the torsional stiffness as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Step 4-12: Mesh the Floor between the Core Walls Select the floor between the core walls. Go to Edit >> Mesh Areas, mesh the floor at the intersection with wall segments as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Step 4-13: Delete the Floor inside the Core Walls Select the floor inside the core walls and delete them as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Step 4-14: Draw Developed Elevation Definition Go to Draw >> Draw Developed Elevation Definition, type H1 in the Developed Elevation Name and click Add New Name. Click OK and draw the line as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Do the same step as above for other developed elevations of core walls as shown in the figure below.

H2

V1 H1

V2

V3

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Step 4-15: Make the Openings in Walls Go to Select >> Select Area Object Type, and select Wall. Go to View >> Show Selection Only.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Click on

and select H1 and click OK.

Go to Select >> by Area Object Type, and select wall.

Go to Edit >> Mesh Areas, and mesh the walls as shown in the figure below..

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Click on Rubber Band Zoom button to zoom elevation view H1. Delete the wall segments for openings as shown in the figure below.

Do the same step as above for elevation H2 and delete the wall segments for openings.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Step 4-16: Assign Pier Labels and Spandrel Labels Click on and select 2 and click OK. Select the walls and go to Assign >> Shell/Area >> Pier Label, select pier name P1 and click OK as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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and select H1 and click OK. Click on Rubber Band Zoom button Click on to zoom elevation view at shear wall location. Select the walls at the left side and go to Assign >> Shell/Area >> Pier Label, type pier name P2 in the Pier Name Box. Click Add New Name and then OK as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Select the walls above the opening and go to Assign >> Shell/Area >> Spandrel Label, select spandrel name S1 and click OK as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Perform the same steps as above to assign the pier label and spandrel as shown in the following figure.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Step 4-17: Replicate the Floor Click on button, select STORY 1 and change to plan view as shown in the figure below. Go to View >> Show All.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Select the members by windowing and go to Edit >> Replicate. Select from STORY 2 to STORY 10 in Story tab and replicate as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Step 4-18: Delete the Members Click on button, select STORY 5. Select and delete the members as shown in the figure below.

Repeat the above step for STORY 6, 7 and 8.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Click on button, select STORY 9. Select and delete the members as shown in the figure below.

Repeat the above step for STORY 10.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Step 4-19: Assign the Columns Click on and select 1 and click OK. Select the columns as shown in the

figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Go to Assign >> Frame Line >> Frame Section, and select C50x50 and click OK.

Repeat the above steps to assign the columns in Elevations 2, 3 and 4.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Step 4-20: Assign the Supports Click on button, select BASE and change to plan view as shown in the figure below. Select the points by windowing as shown in the figure below.

Go to Assign >> Joint/Point >> Restraints (Supports), and restrained all DOFs as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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5. Define Load Cases and Assign Loads


Step 5-1: Define Load Cases Go to Define >> Static Load Cases, modify the LIVE Load as Reducible Live Load as shown in the figure below.

Add SDL Load as Superimposed Dead Load as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Add WX Load as Wind Load as shown in the figure below.

Modify the WX Load as shown in the figure below.

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Add WY Load as Wind Load as shown in the figure below.

Modify the WY Load as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Add EQX Load as Quake Load as shown in the figure below.

Modify the EQX Load as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Add EQNX Load as Quake Load as shown in the figure below.

Modify the EQNX Load as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Add EQY Load as Quake Load as shown in the figure below.

Modify the EQY Load as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Add EQNY Load as Quake Load as shown in the figure below.

Modify the EQY Load as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Step 5-2: Define Special Seismic Load Effects Go to Define >> Special Seismic Load Effects, and enter the parameters to consider in special seismic design as shown in the figure below.

E = Eh + Ev (30-1) Em = 0 Eh (30-2) E = the earthquake load on an element of the structure resulting from the combination of the horizontal component, Eh, and the vertical component Ev Eh = the earthquake load due to the base shear, V, as set forth in Section 1630.2 or the design lateral force, Fp, as set forth in Section 1632 Ev = the load effect resulting from the vertical component of the earthquake ground motion and is equal to an addition of 0.5 Ca ID to the dead load effect, D, for Strength Design, and may be taken as zero for Allowable Stress Design In this case Ca = 0.22, 0.5 Ca I = 0.5 x 0.22 x 1 = 0.11 0 = the seismic force amplification factor that is required to account for structural overstrength, as set forth in Section 1630.3.1

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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= Reliability/Redundancy Factor as given by the following formula = 2 20 / (rmax x sqrt(AB)) (30-3) = 2 6.1 / (rmax x sqrt(AB)) (For SI) rmax = the maximum element-story shear ratio. For a given direction of loading, the element-story shear ratio is the ratio of the design story shear in the most heavily loaded single element divided by the total design story shear. For any given Story Level i, the element story shear ratio is denoted as ri. The maximum element-story shear ratio rmax is defined as the largest of the element story shear ratios, ri, which occurs in any of the story levels at or below the two-thirds height level of building.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Step 5-3: Assign the Loads Go to Select >> by Area Object Type, select Floor as shown in the figure below.

Go to Assign >> Shell/Area Loads >> Uniform, and assign Live Load of 0.25 t/m2 as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Click on to reselect the floor areas. Go to Assign >> Shell/Area Loads >> Uniform, and assign SDL Load of 0.2 t/m2 as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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6. Define Mass Source


Step 6-1: Define Mass Source Go to Define >> Mass Source, and add the mass from loads as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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7. Define the Design Codes


Step 7-1: Define Design Code for Concrete Frame Design Go to Options >> Preferences >> Concrete Frame Design, change the Design Code

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Step 7-2: Define Design Code for Shear Wall Design Go to Options >> Preferences >> Shear Wall Design, change the Design Code

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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8. Assign Rigid Diaphragm and Mesh the Frame


Step 8-1: Assign Rigid Diaphragm Go to Select >> by Area Object Type, and select Floor.

Go to Assign >> Shell/Area >> Diaphragms, select D1 and click OK.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Step 8-2: Mesh the Frame button and go to Assign >> Frame/Line >> Automatic Frame Click on Subdivide, select the second option as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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9. Add Load Combinations


Step 9-1: Add Load Combinations Go to Define >> Add Default Design Combos, and add the default combinations as shown in the figure below.

button and go to Design >> Concrete Frame Design >> View/Revise Click on Overwrites, change Element Type to Sway Intermediate as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example


Step 9-2: Special Seismic Data

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Go to Define >> Special Seismic Load Effects, and select no to include Special Seismic Design Data as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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10.

Set Analysis Options

Step 10-1: Set Analysis Options Go to Analyze >> Set Analysis Options, and set the Dynamic Parameters as shown in the figure below.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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11. Run Analysis


Step 11-1: Run Analysis Go to Analyze >> Run Analysis or click on Run Analysis button analysis. ETABS will display deformed shape of model when analysis complete. to start

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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12. Run Concrete Frame Design and View the Results


Step 12-1: Run Concrete Frame Design Go to Design >> Concrete Frame Design >> Start Design/Check Structure.

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Step 12-2: View the Results Click on figure. button, and set up the building view options as shown in the following

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Activate the left window and Click on button, select STORY 1. Change the working unit to kg-cm. Go to Design >> Concrete Frame Design >> Display Design Info, select design output as shown in the following figure.

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ETABS Tutorial Example


Right click on the member to view the design details.

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ETABS Tutorial Example Beam Reinforcement


Top Reinforcement

ACECOMS, AIT Column Reinforcement


Minor Shear Reinforcement

2 Shear Reinforcement 3

2 Major Shear Reinforcement 3

Longitudinal Reinforcement
Bottom Reinforcement

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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13. Run Shear Wall Design and View the Results


Step 13-1: Run Shear Wall Design Go to Design >> Shear Wall Design >> Start Design/Check Structure.

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Step 13-2: View the Results Click on figure. button, and set up the building view options as shown in the following

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Activate the left window, click on button and select H1. Click on Rubber Band Zoom button to zoom elevation view at shear wall location. Right click on the pier to view the design details.

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ETABS Tutorial Example Reinforcement Details in Pier

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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Go to Design >> Shear Wall Design >> Display Design Info, select design output as shown in the following figure.

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ETABS Tutorial Example Reinforcement Details in Spandrel

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ETABS Tutorial Example


Note: Typical Detailing of Shear Wall

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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14. Check Story Drift


P- Effects In general, P- effects need not be considered when the stability coefficient () defined as the ratio of secondary moments to primary moments, is less than or equal to 0.1. The stability coefficient () for a given story can be computed from the following equation: = Px / (Vx hsx) Px = total unfactored gravity load at and above level x = seismic story drift Vx = seismic shear force between levels x and x-1 hsx = story height below level x From ETABS, / hsx is extracted from diaphragm drift of ETABS results. Px is extracted by section cut. V is extracted from story shear. Compute and if < 1, P- effects needs not be considered. In Seismic Zones 3 and 4, P- effects need not be considered when the story drift () is less than or equal to 0.02hsx / R. Story Drift Limitations According to 1630.10, story drifts shall be computed using the maximum inelastic response displacement (M), which is an approximation of the displacement that occurs when the structure is subjected to the design basis ground motion: M = 0.7 R S S is the design level response displacements. For structures with a fundamental period (T) less than 0.7 seconds, the calculated story drift using M shall not be exceed 0.025 times the story height. For structures

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ETABS Tutorial Example

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with T greater than or equal to 0.7 seconds, the story drift shall not exceed 0.020 times the story height. From ETABS, Calculated story drift is determined by multiplying the diaphragm drift into 0.7 x R.

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