# DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MASS AND WEIGHT

PARAMETER MASS WEIGHT

Definition Is the matter contained in the Is the force with which it is
body attracted towards the centre of the
earth

Physical quantity Scalar quantity Vector quantity

Measurement Measured by using beam balance By using spring balance.

SI unit Kilogram ‘kg’ Newton ‘N’

Variation in value Is constant and does not change Is not constant and varies with the
from place to place. value of ‘g’ from place to place.

Zero value Cannot be zero at any place Becomes zero when the body is
taken to the center of the gravity
i.e. when ‘g’=0

Nature Is the measure of body’s inertia Is the gravitational force

# DIFFERNCES BETWEEN ‘G’ AND ‘g’

PARAMETER Universal gravitational constant Acceleration due to gravity ‘g’

‘G
Definition It is equal to the force of It is the uniform acceleration
attraction acting between two produced in a body when it falls
bodies each of unit mass , whose freely under the effect of gravity.
centers are placed a t a unit
distance
SI unit Nm2/ kg2 m/s2

Numeric value 6.67 x 10 -11 N m2/ kg2 9.8 m/s2

Variation Same at all the places VALUE CHANGES – with

change in shape of the earth,
altitude and depth.

Zero value NEVER ZERO Zero at the centre of the earth.

quantity Scalar vector

# DIFFERNCES BETWEEN GRAVITATION AND GRAVITY

PARAMETER GRAVITATION GRAVITY

Definition Any two objects in the universe
attract each other by a force
called gravitation.
It is a special case of gravitation
in which one of the two bodies
happens to be earth. The force of
gravitation exerted by the earth is
called gravity.

Magnitude of force Forces involved are very small Forces involved are very large.

Motion Two attracting bodies do not Body pulls towards the earth,
move towards each other.
Acceleration Produces almost negligible Causes the body to accelerate at
acceleration 9.8 m/s2
weight It is not the measure of the weight Gravity acts on mass and gives
weight
Weight= mass x gravity
W=m x g
 # DIFFERENCE BERWEEN BALANCED AND UN BALANCED FORCES
PARARMETER BALANCED FORCES
State of rest Does not change the state of rest,
the body continue to at rest.
State of motion Does not change the state of
motion, i.e. if the body moves
with constant velocity, it will
continue to move with same
velocity.
Acceleration Do not produce acceleration.
They make the body move with
constant velocity, hence ha no
acceleration.
Change Can change the shape of body,
but not the direction of the body
Resultant force The resultant of all the forces
acting on the body is zero
# DIFFERNCE BETWEEN VELOCITY AND ACCELERATION
PARARMETER VELOCITY
Definition Is distance traveled by the body
per unit time in a definite
direction
formulae Velocity= displacement/ time
Zero value When the body is not moving , its
value is zero
Direction of motion The direction of velocity decides
the direction of motion
For example , when the ball is
thrown upwards, then the
direction of motion of the ball
and velocity is same.
SI unit m/s
# DIFEFRNCE BETWEEN ACCLERATION AND RETARDATION
PARAMETER ACCELERATION
DEFINITION If the velocity of the body
increases, then the rate of velocity
is positive and is called
acceleration
Example A body falling freely from a
certain height has positive
acceleration of 9.8 m /s2
Relation Final velocity is greater than
UNBALANCED FORCES
Changes the state of rest
Can bring about change in the
state of motion of a body, i.e. can
make rest body move.
Any body moving with constant
speed gets accelerated or
decelerated due to the action of
unbalanced forces.
Can change the shape and
direction of the body.
The resultant of all the forces
acting on the body is not zero.
ACCELERTION
Rate if change of velocity of a
body per unit time.
Acceleration= change in velocity
/ time taken to change
When the body is moving with
constant velocity , its acceleration
is zero.
It does not decide the direction of
motion.
For example, when the ball is
thrown vertically upwards, then
the direction of motion of the ball
is upwards but acceleration due to
gravity acts downwards towards
the earth.
m/s2
RETARDATION
If the velocity of the body
decreases, then the rate of
velocity is negative and is called
retardation
If a body is thrown upwards , its
velocity decreases and has a
retardation of 9.8 m /s2
Final velocity is lesser than
 initial velocity v > u initial velocity v < u
# DIFFERNCE BETWEEN DISTANCE AND DISPLACEMENT

PARAMETER DISTANCE DISPLACEMENT

Definition Actual path traveled by a moving Shortest distance measured

body , irrespective of the between the initial and final
direction in which the body ids positions of a moving body in a
traveling particular direction.

Physical quantity Scalar Vector

Value Always positive , can never be May be positive, negative or zero

zero or negative

Dependence on path Depends on the path that it Does not depend on the path
follows followed by the moving body

Magnitude Magnitude is always greater than Always less or equal to the

or equal to the displacement distance

# DIFFERNCE BETWEEN SPEED AND VELOCITY

PARAMETER SPEED VELOCITY

Definition Is the distance traveled by the Is the distance traveled by the

body per unit time body per unit time in a specified
direction

Physical quantity Scalar quantity Vector quantity

Value Always positive Always negative

Formulae Speed = distance traveled / time Velocity= displacement / time

taken taken