Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MALAYSIA
PUTRAJAYA
Pengenalan
The Labour Force Survey Report, Malaysia, First Quarter 2009, presents
quarterly data on the characteristics of labour force, unemployment and the
structure of employment based on the monthly surveys.
Information obtained from the survey provides input for analysing the
labour market situation, policy formulation as well as planning, implementing and
monitoring programmes related to human resource development.
Muka surat
1. Pengenalan ………………………………………………………………………. i
2. Perangkaan utama tenaga buruh, Malaysia ............................. 1
3. Kadar penyertaan tenaga buruh mengikut jantina dan 2
kumpulan umur, Malaysia, Q4/2008 dan Q1/2009 …………….
4. Kadar penyertaan tenaga buruh mengikut pencapaian 3
pendidikan, Malaysia, Q4/2008 dan Q1/2009 .......................
5. Kadar penyertaan tenaga buruh mengikut kumpulan etnik, 4
Malaysia, Q4/2008 dan Q1/2009 ……………………………………..
6. Taburan peratus penduduk bekerja mengikut kumpulan 5
etnik, Malaysia, Q4/2008 dan Q1/2009 ..................................
7. Taburan peratus penduduk bekerja mengikut pencapaian 6
pendidikan, Malaysia, Q4/2008 dan Q1/2009 …………………..
8. Taburan peratus penduduk bekerja mengikut jantina dan 7
kumpulan umur, Malaysia, Q4/2008 dan Q1/2009 …………….
9. Taburan peratus penduduk bekerja mengikut pekerjaan, 8
Malaysia, Q4/2008 dan Q1/2009 ……………………………………..
10. Bilangan dan taburan peratus penduduk bekerja mengikut 9
industri, Malaysia, Q4/2008 dan Q1/2009 .............................
11. Taburan peratus penduduk bekerja mengikut taraf 11
pekerjaan, Malaysia, Q4/2008 dan Q1/2009 …………………….
iii
Contents
Page
1. Introduction ……………………………………………………………………… ii
2. Principal statistics of labour force, Malaysia ............................ 12
3. Labour force participation rates by sex and age group, 13
Malaysia, Q4/2008 and Q1/2009 ……………………………………..
4. Labour force participation rates by educational attainment, 14
Malaysia, Q4/2008 and Q1/2009 ……………………....................
5. Labour force participation rates by ethnic group, Malaysia, 15
Q4/2008 and Q1/2009 ………….…………………….................…….
6. Percentage distribution of employed persons by ethnic 16
group, Malaysia, Q4/2008 and Q1/2009 ................................
7. Percentage distribution of employed persons by educational 17
attainment, Malaysia, Q4/2008 and Q1/2009 ……..……………
8. Percentage distribution of employed persons by sex and age 18
group, Malaysia, Q4/2008 and Q1/2009 …………….…………….
9. Percentage distribution of employed persons by occupation, 19
Malaysia, Q4/2008 and Q1/2009 …………….....................……..
10. Percentage distribution of employed persons by industry, 20
Malaysia, Q4/2008 and Q1/2009 ............................................
11. Percentage distribution of employed persons by status in 22
employment , Malaysia, Q4/2008 and Q1/2009 ……….……….
iv
PERANGKAAN
TENAGA BURUH
MALAYSIA
Q1/2009
Jadual 1: Perangkaan utama tenaga buruh, Malaysia
1
Carta 1: Kadar penyertaan tenaga buruh mengikut jantina dan
kumpulan umur, Malaysia, Q4/2008 dan Q1/2009
• Pada Q4/2008 dan Q1/2009, KPTB lelaki adalah lebih tinggi berbanding
perempuan pada setiap kumpulan umur.
2
Carta 2: Kadar penyertaan tenaga buruh mengikut pencapaian
pendidikan, Malaysia, Q4/2008 dan Q1/2009
• Oleh itu, KPTB golongan berpendidikan tertiari masih yang tertinggi jika
dibandingkan dengan kategori pendidikan lain. Ini menunjukkan lebih
ramai golongan berpendidikan tertiari menyertai pasaran buruh.
3
Jadual 2: Kadar penyertaan tenaga buruh mengikut kumpulan etnik,
Malaysia, Q4/2008 dan Q1/2009
4
Jadual 3: Taburan peratus penduduk bekerja mengikut kumpulan etnik,
Malaysia, Q4/2008 dan Q1/2009
5
Carta 3: Taburan peratus penduduk bekerja mengikut pencapaian
pendidikan, Malaysia, Q4/2008 dan Q1/2009
6
Carta 4: Taburan peratus penduduk bekerja mengikut jantina dan
kumpulan umur, Malaysia, Q4/2008 dan Q1/2009
7
Carta 5: Taburan peratus penduduk bekerja mengikut pekerjaan,
Malaysia, Q4/2008 dan Q1/2009
8
Jadual 4: Bilangan dan taburan peratus penduduk bekerja mengikut
industri, Malaysia, Q4/2008 dan Q1/2009
Q4/2008 Q1/2009
Industri
Bilangan Peratus Bilangan Peratus
(‘000) (%) (‘000) (%)
Jumlah 10,819.8 100.0 10,757.8 100.0
Pertanian, pemburuan dan 1,362.5 12.6 1,337.9 12.4
perhutanan
Perikanan 125.9 1.2 134.7 1.3
Perlombongan dan kuari 57.1 0.5 62.0 0.6
Pembuatan 2,014.9 18.6 1,847.3 17.2
Bekalan elektrik, gas dan air 58.4 0.5 55.6 0.5
Pembinaan 1,028.9 9.5 1,001.4 9.3
Perkhidmatan
Perdagangan jual borong 1,772.6 16.4 1,824.3 17.0
dan jual runcit; pembaikan
kenderaan bermotor, moto-
sikal dan barangan per-
sendirian dan isi rumah
Hotel dan restoran 758.6 7.0 779.9 7.2
Pengangkutan, penyim- 566.7 5.2 550.6 5.1
panan dan komunikasi
Pengantaraan kewangan 282.3 2.6 269.2 2.5
Aktiviti hartanah, penye- 545.8 5.0 582.6 5.4
waan dan perniagaan
Pentadbiran awam dan per- 795.1 7.3 785.5 7.3
tahanan; keselamatan
sosial wajib
Pendidikan 654.3 6.0 706.5 6.6
Kesihatan dan kerja sosial 256.2 2.4 281.0 2.6
Aktiviti perkhidmatan komu- 286.0 2.6 282.7 2.6
niti, sosial dan persendirian
lain
Isi rumah persendirian dengan 254.1 2.3 254.5 2.4
pekerja bergaji
Organisasi dan badan-badan di 0.4 0.0 2.0 0.0
luar wilayah
9
• Industri perdagangan jual borong dan jual runcit; pembaikan kenderaan
bermotor, motosikal dan barangan persendirian dan isi rumah dan
pendidikan mencatatkan peningkatan guna tenaga tertinggi masing-
masing sebanyak 51,700 dan 52,200 orang.
10
Carta 6: Taburan peratus penduduk bekerja mengikut taraf pekerjaan,
Malaysia, Q4/2008 dan Q1/2009
11
LABOUR FORCE
STATISTICS
MALAYSIA
Q1/2009
Table 1: Principal statistics of labour force, Malaysia
• The labour force participation rate dropped to 62.6 per cent in Q1/2009
as compared to 62.8 per cent in the previous quarter. The drop of 0.2
percentage point was due to the rise in the number of persons outside
labour force by 77,600 (1.2%) from 6.63 million to 6.70 million persons.
12
Chart 1: Labour force participation rates by sex and age group,
Malaysia, Q4/2008 and Q1/2009
• In the fourth quarter of 2008 and the first quarter of 2009, LFPR for
males was higher than females for every age group.
• For both quarters, LFPR for males was the highest with more than 97.0
per cent in the 35–44 age group, while for females it was highest in the
25–34 age group.
13
Chart 2: Labour force participation rates by educational attainment,
Malaysia, Q4/2008 and Q1/2009
• Hence, LFPR for persons with tertiary education remained the highest as
compared to other educational categories. This showed that more people
with tertiary education entered the labour market.
14
Table 2: Labour force participation rates by ethnic group, Malaysia,
Q4/2008 and Q1/2009
• In the fourth quarter of 2008 and the first quarter of 2009, LFPR for non-
Malaysian citizens was higher than Malaysian citizens. However, the rate
showed a decrease of 0.6 percentage point from 79.7 to 79.1 per cent.
• LFPR for Malaysian citizens has also declined by 0.1 percentage point to
61.2 per cent in Q1/2009.
• Based on the main ethnic groups in Malaysia, LFPR for all groups showed
a decrease except for Malay which showed an increase of 0.9 percentage
point to 60.3 per cent. The participation rate for Chinese and Indians
decreased significantly by 1.5 and 1.0 percentage points respectively as
compared to the previous quarter.
15
Table 3: Percentage distribution of employed persons by ethnic group,
Malaysia, Q4/2008 and Q1/2009
16
Chart 3: Percentage distribution of employed persons by educational
attainment, Malaysia, Q4/2008 and Q1/2009
17
Chart 4: Percentage distribution of employed persons by sex and age
group, Malaysia, Q4/2008 and Q1/2009
• About 57.3 per cent of the total employed persons in Q1/2009 consisted
of persons in the age group of 25 to 44 years.
• The distribution by sex also showed that majority of the employed males
and females were in the 25 to 44 age group accounting for 55.9 and 59.9
per cent respectively in Q1/2009.
18
Chart 5: Percentage distribution of employed persons by occupation,
Malaysia, Q4/2008 and Q1/2009
• Majority of the employed persons were in the service workers and shop
and market sales workers category. This category registered an increase
of 0.6 percentage point to 17.2 per cent in Q1/2009 from 16.6 per cent in
the preceding quarter.
19
Table 4: Number and percentage distribution of employed persons by
industry, Malaysia, Q4/2008 and Q1/2009
Q4/2008 Q1/2009
Industry
Number Per cent Number Per cent
(‘000) (%) (‘000) (%)
Total 10,819.8 100.0 10,757.8 100.0
Agriculture, hunting and forestry 1,362.5 12.6 1,337.9 12.4
Fishing 125.9 1.2 134.7 1.3
Mining and quarrying 57.1 0.5 62.0 0.6
Manufacturing 2,014.9 18.6 1,847.3 17.2
Electricity, gas and water supply 58.4 0.5 55.6 0.5
Construction 1,028.9 9.5 1,001.4 9.3
Services
Wholesale and retail trade; 1,772.6 16.4 1,824.3 17.0
repair of motor vehicles, mo-
torcycles and personal and
household goods
Hotels and restaurants 758.6 7.0 779.9 7.2
Transport, storage and com- 566.7 5.2 550.6 5.1
munications
Financial intermediation 282.3 2.6 269.2 2.5
Real estate, renting and busi- 545.8 5.0 582.6 5.4
ness activities
Public administration and 795.1 7.3 785.5 7.3
defence; compulsory social
security
Education 654.3 6.0 706.5 6.6
Health and social work 256.2 2.4 281.0 2.6
Other community, social and 286.0 2.6 282.7 2.6
personal service activities
Private households with em- 254.1 2.3 254.5 2.4
ployed persons
Extra-territorial organisations 0.4 0.0 2.0 0.0
and bodies
20
• Two industries i.e. wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicle,
motorcycles and personal and household goods and education recorded
significant increase in the number of employed persons, each by 51,700
and 52,200 persons respectively.
21
Chart 6: Percentage distribution of employed persons by status in
employment, Malaysia, Q4/2008 and Q1/2009
22