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  • Characteristics of Helminths

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    Mark Elben
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    I. Helminths are characterized as complex, multicellular, eukaryotic organisms that have heads and tails and are bilaterally symmetrical with simple organ systems in body cavities. They are divided into three main groups: platyhelminths, cestodes, and trematodes. II. Platyhelminths include flatworms like flukes that are flattened with hermaphroditic reproduction and lack digestive systems. Cestodes are tapeworms with scolex heads containing suckers or hooks to attach to the intestinal wall. Their bodies are flattened into proglottids where eggs are produced. Trematodes are flukes with oral and ventral suckers used to attach

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    Helminths

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    I. Helminths are characterized as complex, multicellular, eukaryotic organisms that have heads and tails and are bilaterally symmetrical with simple organ systems in body cavities. They are divided into three main groups: platyhelminths, cestodes, and trematodes. II. Platyhelminths include flatworms like flukes that are flattened with hermaphroditic reproduction and lack digestive systems. Cestodes are tapeworms with scolex heads containing suckers or hooks to attach to the intestinal wall. Their bodies are flattened into proglottids where eggs are produced. Trematodes are flukes with oral and ventral suckers used to attach

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    28 views2 pages

    Characteristics of Helminths

    Uploaded by

    Mark Elben
    I. Helminths are characterized as complex, multicellular, eukaryotic organisms that have heads and tails and are bilaterally symmetrical with simple organ systems in body cavities. They are divided into three main groups: platyhelminths, cestodes, and trematodes. II. Platyhelminths include flatworms like flukes that are flattened with hermaphroditic reproduction and lack digestive systems. Cestodes are tapeworms with scolex heads containing suckers or hooks to attach to the intestinal wall. Their bodies are flattened into proglottids where eggs are produced. Trematodes are flukes with oral and ventral suckers used to attach

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    HELMINTHS

    I. Characteristics A. B. C. D. E. ". #. II. Kingdom Animalia Complex, multicellular, eucaryotic Have head and tail Bilaterally symmetrical Simple organ systems in !ody cavity Adults macroscopic Eggs, larvae microscopic

    Platyhelminthes - Flatworms A. B. C. D. E. "lattened !ody shape Hermaphroditic $ac% a digestive system, or very simple Some have complex li&e cycles involving intermediate hosts, immature stages 'arasitic &orms possess thic% cuticle covering !ody sur&ace protection &rom host digestive en(ymes ". Cestodes - Tape worms ). +. ,. -. .. /. Scolex head *ith suc%ers, hoo%s attachment to intestinal *all Body &lattened sections proglottids Eggs produced in proglottids 'arasiti(es intestinal tract a!sor!s nutrients In&ection due to consumption larvae in ra*, undercoo%ed meat $i&e cycle tape *orm 0see text1

    #.

    Trematodes Flukes ). Body shape &lat, lea& li%e 3

    +. ,. -. .. III.

    2ral, ventral suc%ers attachment 3ale, &emale reproductive organs Can in&ect !lood, lung, liver $i&e cycle complex 0see text1

    Aschelminthes - Round worms A. B. C. D. E. 4ounded !ody shape Dioecious separate sexes 'ossess digestive system *ith mouth and anus. $i&e cycles some include intermediate hosts, immature stages Enterobius vermicularis 'in *orms ). +. ,. ". In&ection due to ingestion o& eggs In intestine eggs hatch mature adults At night adult &emale lays eggs on s%in in perianal region 0See &ig. in text1 Necator americanus Hoo% *orms ). +. ,. -. .. #. 3outh parts 5 hoo% li%e attach to intestinal *all "eeds on !lood o& host Eggs passed in stool $arvae in soil penetrate s%in o& host Blood lungs small intestine 0see li&e cycle in text1 Trichinella spiralis ). +. ,. $arvae encyst in muscle o& in&ected pig. In&ection due to consumption o& poorly coo%ed por%. $arvae !ecomes encysted in host muscles

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