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__________________________________________
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uRefawmfwdkYESpfa,mufvnf; tdrfjyefcJYMuawmYw,f/ pnf;urf;Sdygayw,fuG,f ...../
__________________________________________
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wcsDxyfqGJ vdkufao;wm .../ ]] uJ cs,f&D ...jyefMu&atmif }} ]] b,fudkjyefrSmvJ [if ...}} ]] cs,f&DUtdrfudkav ...}}
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__________________________________________
Zmwfodrf;ydkif; ....

aemuf&ufawGvJusa&m tquftoG,fudkr&bl;/ uRefawmfvnf;awmfawmfpdwfyloGm;w,f/ olUtdrfrSm

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vufylrdxm;vdkYxifw,f/ aemufawmY tm;vkH;odwJY uRefawmfY&JU kwif;twdkif; zrf;*smypfvdkufawmYw,f/ olu

aygifuav;udk tvdkufwod[ay;xm;awmY ydkNyD;tqifajywmaygY/
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tpdav;udkawmY vufeJYyJupm;ay;vdkufw,f/ rmawmifaewJY olYtpdav;[m uRefawmfYudkpdefac:aeovdkyJ ...
cPaeawmY tBuHwck&NyD; vsufae&mu &yfvdkufw,f/ ol tYHMooGm;NyD; ]]bmvkdY&yfvdkufwmvJ?
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(2)
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udk,fuvnf; uav; qdkawmY ajymraumif;bl;av/

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]] rr rr }}
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cg;udkvSrf;csdwfvdkufygw,f/ ]]aqmifYaqmifY armifav; aumif;w,f}} vdkYajymvdkufNyD; olYajcaxmufawGeJY
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__________________________________________

aeYwdkif;awmY olwdkYtdrfrSmoGm;tdyfvdkYraumif;bl; r[kwfvm;/ 'DvdkeJYyJ tuGufudkacsmif;ae&wmaygY/ wcgwav

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ref,lyGJvmr,fvdkY *sme,fawGrSmygvmw,f/ tJ'geJYyJ tefwDwdkYtdrfrSmoGm;Munfhr,faygY/ bk&m;vnf;zl;&if;?
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apmapmpD;pD; 0iftdyfoGm;w,f/
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pmusuf&r,f bmnmeJYaygY/ tJ'geJY ]]armifav;odygNyD? rru armifav;udkrcspfygbl;}} vdkYajymvdkufawmY rru...
jymjymovJeJY ckwifay:wufvmw,f/ NyD;awmY uRefawmfYudk zufvdkufw,f/ ]]armifav;uvJuGm? rru
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]] cGifYjyKw,faygYaemf }}
]] tif; ...olu b,fuvJ rodbl;aemf }}
]] ausmif;uygyJ? 'DaeY cspfpkudk jrifvdkuf&awmY ...}}

]]
]]
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]] [vdk trdefYSdygSif }}
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]] tif; udk,fzsm;aewkef;u cspfpkajymcJYwmwu,faemf }}
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]] tif; tJ'gqdk cspfpku udk,fYudk b,fvdkac:rSmvJ }}
]] [if? bmudkajymwmvJ }}

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]] b,fvdkac:apcsifvdkYvJ }}
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SufovdkyJ/
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]] udkudk b,fvdkvkyfodwmvJ }}
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wcsufrSmawmY cJwHxdyfucJzsufavmufSdwJY EdkYoD;acgif;uav;udkudkifvdkufawmY tdk .. ueJ

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uRefawmfvJ raeEdkifawmYyJ olUtusav;udkvSefwifvdkufNyD; EdkYoD;acgif;eDeDav;wckudk ikHvdkufawmY wGefYueJ
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awGU&w,f/ tJ'Daemuf olU&JU puyfxrDav;ab;u uGJaMumif;uaevufESKdufvdkufawmY
acsmrGwfwJYaygifom;av;awG&,f? aemufrS yifwDuav;udk prf;rdw,f/ yifwDatmufem;av;udk qGJ[vdkufNyD;
vufudktomav;vSKyfvdkufawmY El;nHhwJYolYtzkwfuav;eJY wnfhwnfhwdk;awmYw,f/
ol [if;ueJ oufjyif;csvdkufNyD; uRefawmfYvufudkqkyfudkifxm;vdkufw,f/
tJ'geJY uRefawmfvnf; ol ydk&Jvmatmif EdkYuav;ESpfvkH;udk b,fjyefnmjyefpdkYay;vdkufawmY udkifxm;wJY
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zGzGav;yGwfay; vdkufawmY uRefawmfYvufudk olUaygifawGeJYSyfxm;vdkufw,f/ vufSKd;av;udk
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tay:bufudkprf;vdkufawmY wif;rmpjyKaewJYtpduav;udk awGUvdkuf &w,f/ vufreJYzdvdkufawmY ...
]]tm; usifw,f usifw,f udkudk uRwfuRwf}} qdkwJY toHuav;awGu om,m vSKdufarmzG,f .../
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pD;usvmw,f/ vufSKd;rSmyJ pD;pD;ydkifydkifjzpfae&muae tawmfuav;acsmifoGm;w,f/
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xGufvmawmY olYtdrfujyefajymjyvdkYwJY .../
]] udkudkvm;? bmajymp&mSdvdkYvJ[if ...}}
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tajctaeuawmYaumif;aeNyD/ aemufwcgtcGifYta&;&&ifawmY trdt&BuKd;pm;vdkufawmYr,fvdkY awG;&if;
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oleJYvdkufwrf;ajy;wrf;upm;vdkY/ NyD;awmY ESpfa,mufom; wdrfawGay:rSm cspfvdkufMuwm? Edk;vJEdk;vma&m &ifxJrSm

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vdkufwm aejrifYrSEdk;awmYw,f/
wreufvkH; bmrSr,fr,f&&rvkyfjzpfygbl;/ uGefysLwmaSUxdkifNyD; *drf;aqmYvdkuf? a0gvfayygwifxm;wJY
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oDcsif;vkyfNyD;a&;wmyg/ tJ'DoDcsif;vJ tckxufxdSdygao;w,f/
aeYcif;a&mufawmY olUqDzkef;vSrf;qufvdkufawmY oludk,fwdkifyJvmudkifw,f/ aeYcif;qdk olUtdrfrSm
tdrfazmfrav;wa,mufuvGJNyD; b,folrSrSdMubl;/ rdbawGuawmY NrKdUxJrSm aTqdkifzGifYxm;w,f/
reufqdk 8 em&Davmufwnf;u xGufoGm;MuNyD; naerSyJjyefvmw,f/ xrif;ukdvnf; qdkifrSmyJpm;awmY
olUrSmaeYcif;qdk&ifwa,mufxJ ysif;aew,fvdkYajymw,f/ uRefawmfu cPae&if usLSifoGm;zdkYvmac:r,f
vdkYajymNyD; zkef;csvdkufw,f/
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0ifxkdifvdkufNyD; ]]b,foGm;rvJ ajym}} wJY/
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raeYutaMumif;jyefajymw,f/
]] udkudkvkyfwm pkjzifY tdyfvdkYawmifraysmfbl; }}
]] aumfzD taomufrsm;vdkYaerSmyg }}
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]] udkuvGJNyD; wjcm;oludk 'DvkdNyKH;rjyeJYaemf }}
]] [if bmjzpfvdkYvJ }}
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]] NyKdifbuf? pku udkudkuvGJ&if wjcm;a,mufsm;av;awGudk Sdw,fawmifrxifbl; }}
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uRefawmfu cRJjyvdkufawmY oluuRefawmfYukdrSDwG,fxm;&if; uRefawmfYyg;udk terf;av;wck cdk;ay;vdkufw,f/
vljrifuGif;rSmqdkawmY uRefawmfawmif kwfw&ufBuD; aMumifoGm;w,f/ olYudkMunfhvdkufawmY bmrSrodovdkeJY/
awmfawmfwwfEdkifwJY aumifrav; .../olY&JUcspfp&m [efyeftrlt&mawG[m uRefawmfYukd l;oGyfoGm;atmif
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xGufvmcJYMuawmYw,f/
naejyefydkYawmY olYtarudk,fwkdif qif;BuKdw,f/ uRefawmfYudkyg tdrfay:udktvnfac:vdkY tm;ememeJY
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]] om;u ta0;oifuyJaemf }}
]] [kwfuJY tefwD? om; tdkiftrfwDu ausmif;qif;NyD;rS ta0;oifwufaewmyg }}

]] aMomf 'gqdk b,fESckESpfatmifwmvJuGJU }}

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]] aeawmYa&m ...}}
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&if;&if;ESD;ESD;rSdawmY tJ'Dvdk *kpdkufwJYolqdk odyfoabmuswmyJ }}
]] tefwDYudkvnf; ta':wa,mufvdk oabmxm;aygYuG,f }}
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]] b,fvdkvJ pk? udkudkYudk a,murBuD;awmY oabmusoGm;NyDxifw,f }}
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tdyfcef;xJ0ifvmcJYw,f/ a&rdk;csKd; t0wftpm;vJNyD; 0&efwmrSm *pfwmxdkifwD;aevdkufw,f/ 9em&Dxdk;awmY

zkef;vSrf;ac:vdkufw,f/ olYtaru vmudkifNyD; cspfpkudkac:ay;w,f/ cspfpka&mufvmawmY ...
]] araruar;w,f? naeu aumifav;eJYorD;eJY BuKdufaeMuvm; wJY }}
]] pku b,fvdkajymvdkufovJ }}
]] ararYudkawmY pk vdrfavYrSdbl;? trSeftwdkif;yJ ajymjyvdkufw,f }}
]] tJ'DawmY bmajymvJ }}
]] bmrSawmYrajymygbl;? udkukdeJYqdk ajymp&mrSdygbl; wJY }}
uRefawmfvJawmfawmf0rf;omoGm;w,f/ qufNyD; [dk[dk'D'D a&mufwwf&m&majymMu&if; uRefawmfu
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tJ'Daumifrav;udk odyfcspfoGm;awmYw,f/
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[vdkufNyD; uRefawmfYvQmav;udk pkyf,lvkdufw,f/ Mu,foD;awGtm;vkH;jyKwfoGm;awmY olutusuav;udk
aemufudk
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uav;&JU tay:ydkif;rSm t0wftpm;qdkvdkY tyfcsnfwrQifawmifrS rSdawmYygbl;/
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uRefawmfY
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tdyf&mcif;udk

qGJqkwfvdkufw,f/ 'DtcsdefrSm uRefawmfYvufawGu olY&JUpuyfxrDav;udk csdwfjzKwfay;vdkufNyD; tomav;xdk;cGm

vdkufw,f/ olY&JU ajzmifpif;awmifYwif;wJY aygifwefazG;azG;av;awGu wrkw[kwfcsif;xGufay:vmw,f/
atmufrSm
yef;a&mifyifwDuav;u rsufESmi,fi,feJYMunfhaew,f/ olUudk wGef;vSJvdkuf&if; yifwDuav;udk
vdyfcRwfvdkufw,f/
oluvJ wifyg;awGu tvdkufwod< wifyg;tdtdav;awGudk aygifwefazG;azG;av;awG?>
awmfawmfMumMumyGwfoyfay;aevdkufw,f/
cPaeawmY olYaygifESpfvkH;Mum;xJ 'l;wzufuxnfhvdkuf&if; um;xkwfvdkufawmY tarT;eDusifusifav;awG
atmufu odomxifSm;aewJY tpduav;udkawGUvdkuf&w,f/ rdwfaqGa[mif;awGqdkawmYvJ
txl;wvnfvkyfraeyJ
vufeJYtomay;yGwfay;vdkufawmY w[if;[if;eJY nnf;oHav;awGxGufvmw,f/ vufnSKd;eJY tpdav;rSm uBuD;
cauG;awGa&;ay;vdkufawmY cg;uav;uwjznf;jznf;aumYvmw,f/ atmufbufikHYMunfhvdkufawmY
olUtzkwfav;rSm
t&nfav;awG pdrfYusaeygNyD/ vufcv,fav;udkaxmifvdkuf&if; olY&JUt0av;rSmawYvdkufNyD; tomav;yJ
wqpfcsif;
zdoGif;vdkufawmYw,f/ 'DtcsdefrSm olY&JUtoufSLoHawGuvnf; jrefoxufjrefvmygNyD/ toGif;txkwfudk
ykHrSefav;
vkyfay;vdkuf&if; wcsDrSmawmY qGJxkwfvdkufNyD; olUtzkwfuav;udk vQmzsm;av;eJYwdkYvdkufw,f/ ol xl;qef;ovdk
jzpfae&if;u owd0ifvmNyD; ...
]] [if udkudk bmvkyfaewmvJ pkudk i&Jray;ygeJY udkudk&,f ...}} vdkY ajymvmw,f/
]] ...}}
]] udkudk vdkY ... rvkyfygeJYuGm? vdrmygw,f }}
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&yfoGm;NyD; w[if;[if;eJYjyefjzpfvmw,f/ uRefawmfYvQmudk txJudka&mufEdkiforQa&mufatmifxdk;xnfhvdkufNyD;
olUt&nfav;awG&JUt&omudk cHpm;vdkufawmYw,f/ oluawmY rjiif;EdkifawmYyJ uRefawmfY&JUyg;pyfxJrSm rdef;arm
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tm;&yg;&vsufay;vdkufawmY olUvufawGu uRefawmfYacgif;udkqGJNyD; olU[mav;eJYuyfxm;vdkufw,f/
rsufESmrSmyg
t&nfawG ayusHukefygNyD/ 'gayr,fY bmrSvkyfraeawmYyJ vufuvJ tpduav;udkyGwfupm;ay;&if; qufwdkuf
vsufay;vdkufawmY yGufueJ jzLjzLuav;awGxGufusvmawmYw,f/ uRefawmfvnf; tm;vkH;udk yg;pyfxJxnfhNyD;
wcsuft&omcHMunfhum rsKdcsvdkufawmYw,f/ olUudkMunfhvdkufawmY oluSufNyKH;av;eJYtwlarmYMunfhNyD;
olYab;udk
vmtdyfzdkY uRefawmfYudkac:vdkufw,f/ NyD;rS rsufESmav;eDeDeJY ...
]] udkudkYudk pk odyftm;emwmyJ }}
]] bmjzpfvdkYvJ udkudkuvJ GHp&mMuD;udk? pkjzifY wcgrSawmif 'grsKd;rawG;zl;bl; }}
]] udkudk pkudkcspfwmudk;pk&JU? pkqDrSmav udkudkYtwGuf cspfp&mawGcsnf;yJSdw,f }}
]] aMomf ...udkudk&,f ...}}
cyfnnf;nnf;av;ajym&if; uRefawmfYqHyifawGudkqGJzGvdkufw,f/ oluawmY uRefawmfYudk pGJvrf;oGm;wm
aocsmaeygNyD/ [kwfw,fav? awmfkHtcspfeJY'Dvdkvkyfay;rSmr[kwfwm olvJodrSmaygY/
NyD;awmYrS olY&JUEdkYuav;awGudk pdkYay;? tpduav;udk yGwfay;vdkufawmY olwjznf;jznf; jyefvnfNyD;awmY
pdwfawG wuf< qkH;jzwfvdkufw,f taumif;qkH;vkyfay;zdkY olYudk ?DwcgawmY>
]] tm; ...udkudk emw,f? awmfygawmY udkudk&,f jyefxkwfvdkufyg }}
]] cPav;yJ onf;cHvdkufyg pk&,f? enf;enf;ae&if remawmYygbl; }}
]] wu,faemf ...}}

]] wu,fygpk&,f? yxrtBudrfqdk 'DvdkyJemwmyJwJY }}

uRefawmfvnf; oltmkHajymif;atmif tay:bufudkaTUvdkufNyD; olYESKwfcrf;av;awGudk ikHvdkufvdkufw,f/
vufwzufuvnf EdkYvkH;vkH;av;udk qkyfe,fay;vdkufawmY olwjznf;jznf;jyefNyD; zDvifawGwufvmw,f/
wcsufrSmawmY qwfueJaqmifYoGif;vdkufwm t&if;xdatmif0ifoGm;awmYw,f/ olYudkMunfhvdkufawmY
tHBudwfxm;wmudk awGYvdkuf&w,f/ 'geJYwjznf;jznf;csif; oGif;xkwfvkyfay;vdkufawmY
olYrsufESmav;NyKH;vmw,f/
txJrSmawmY vufeJYqkyfxm;ovdk usyfaewmawGU&w,f/
uRefawmfYpdwfxif aemufxyftcsufig;q,favmuf aqmifYvdkufawmY t&nfav;awGvdkufvmNyD; enf;enf;
acsmifoGm;w,f/ 'geJYyJ acsmYoGif;wmudk&yfvdkufNyD; ykHrSefaqmifYcsufawGeJYaqmifYawmYw,f/ tawmfuav;MumawmY
olvnf; atmufuae ray;wwfay;wwfeJY aumYay;wmvmw,f/ oluaumYay;vdkuf? uRefawmfuaqmifYvdkufeJY
wufnDvufnD tcspfyifv,fxJrSm avSmfcwfaeMuw,f/
]] aqmifY aqmifY udk ...udk pk cHEdkifvmNyD }}
]] 'Dvdkav;vm; [if }}
]] >ywf zwf pGyf ... aumif;vmNyD udkudk }}
]] pk NyD;awmYrvm; ... tm; uRwfuRwf }}
olvnf; uRefawmfY&JUaqmifYcsufawGudk atmufuae tpGrf;ukefaqmifYwif&if; uRefawmfvnf; aqmifYcs&if;eJY
NyKdifwlqdkovdkyJ ESpfa,mufpvkH;NyD;oGm;MuygawmYw,f/ uRefawmfY[mudk olY[mav;xJuqGJxkwfvdkuf&if;
olUab;rSm
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olb,fvdkSif;rvJrodbl;/
naeapmif;awmY olYtarrvmcifrSmyJ a&rdk;csKd;NyD; tdrfjyefvmcJYygw,f/ BuKd;pm;cJY&wJY uRefawmfYrSmawmY
xdyfawGudk usdef;pyfvdkY .../ tdrfa&mufawmY tcef;xJ0ifNyD; apmapmpD;pD; tem;,lvdkufygawmYw,f/
_________________________________________________
( 'DtaMumif;awGudk 'DavmufyJajym&ifaumif;r,f xifw,f/ bmvdkYvJqdkawmY tckxd oleJYtquftoG,f
rjywfao;bl;/ a,murBuD;uvJ ta&;ay;vdkufwmvGefvdkY qdkawmY waeYaeYawmif ,ljzpfMurvm;rodbl;/
wu,fvJ uRefawmfolUudk cspfrdaeNyDav/ olUudk qdkNycJYwJYoDcsif;vnf; uRefawmfY qDrSm &Sdygw,f/ vdkcsif&ifawmY
ar;vfeJY awmif;,lEdkifygw,f )

(4)
tay: xyfeJYatmufxyfZmwfvrf; ...
'DtaMumif;ajym&&if enf;enf;awmYausmrvkHbl;/ bmvdkYvJqdkawmY tJ'Daumifrav;aewmu uRefawmfwdkY
atmufxyfrSmav .../ udk*g;zD; cifAsm;vnf; odygw,f/ uRefawmfwdkYaewJYae&mu vTwfawmfem;u &dyfomwck??
olYtazu uRefawmfYbdk;awmf&JU txuft&mSd? odoGm;&ifawmY b,faumif;rvJ/ 'gayrJY yg;pyfu(vufuaygY)
,m;aeawmY pGefYpm;NyD;ajymjyvdkufawmYr,f/
'Dtdrfudk uRefawmfYbdk;awmf ydkrdk;Sif;&NyD;ajymif;vmawmY 2000 jynfhESpf? wdkufwdkufqdkifqdkif arv 6&uf?
uRefawmfYarG;aeYrSm pajymif;jzpfwm .../ tJ'DtcsdefuawmY atmufxyfudk rsufpdupm;vdkufawmY nDtpfr
ESpfa,mufudk awGUvdkuf&w,f/ tBuD;u Spfwef;? ti,fu ig;wef;/ bmrS odyfrxl;jcm;wmeJY bmodbmomyJ
aevdkufygw,f/ aemufydkif; uRefawmf tdkiftrfwD a&mufawmYrS olYudk owdxm;rdw,f/ olUarG;aeYrSm
vufaqmifay;NyD;awmY oli,fcsif;taeeJY 0ifvkH;&if;&if;ESD;oGm;Muw,f /
olu uRefawmfYxuf 11v wdwid ,fw,f .../ uRefawmfY arG;aeYrSm vufaqmifjyefay;?
aus;Zl;wifaMumif;ajym ... olu ]]ajymae&r,fYolawGrS r[kwfwm}} qdkyJ .../
'DvdkeJY oli,fcsif;txmeJYaecJY&if;u wESpfavmufMumoGm;w,f/ wESpfjynfhvnf;jynfha&m uRefawmfwdkY
ausmif;qif;&w,f/ ynmoifumvNyD;oGm;wmaygY/ wu,f ausmif;qif;y&dwf'fvkyfzdkY wpfvjyefNyD; ppfa&;jy
usifY&w,f/ tJ'Dwkef;u uRefawmfwdkYausmif;u tufpf0rf; OD;cifnGefY&JU az;A&dwfausmif;? oludk,fwdkifvmNyD;
csD;`rSifYw,fav .../ ausmif;udk wevFmuae paetxdaeYwdkif;oGm;&wm? tdrfjyefvm&if b,folrSrSd? udk,fwdkif
aomYzGifYNyD; 0if&w,f/ waeYawmY tdrfrSm aomYusef&pfcJY&muae Zmwfvrf;pwmygyJav .../
tJ'DaeYu enf;enf;apmapmjyef&w,f/ uRefawmfwdkYwyfcGJu pGrf;aqmif&nfaumif;vdkYqdkNyD; qkay;wJYtaeeJY
apmvTwfvdkufwm/ wcsKdUabmf'gawGuawmY tdrfrjyefao;yJ avQmufoGm;Muw,f/ uRefawmfuawmY acR;awG
oHawGeJYqdkawmY rxl;ygbl;qdkNyD; tdrfjyefcJYvkdufw,f/
tdrf0a&mufvdkY wHcg;zGifYr,fvJvkyfvdkufa&m ...aomYrSdwmudkawGUvdkuf&w,f/ igawmY um;NyD[vdkY
udk,fYudk,fudkajym&if; xdkifem;aecsifwmeJY olwdkYtdrfcef;udkqif;oGm;NyD; bJvfwD;vdkufw,f/ cPaeawmY
olxGufvmNyD; wHcg;zGifYay;w,f/ olUnDruawmY cPxGufvmMunfhw,f? NyD;awmYjyef0ifoGm;a&m .../
tdrfaSUcef;rSm oleJYuRefawmfESpfa,mufxnf;? ar;MunfhawmY taru aSmYyifoGm;w,fqkdyJ ...uRefawmfvJ
]]uDvDudkvm;}} vdkYaemufvkduf&if; ]]aomYarYusefcJYvdkY? cPem;csifwmeJY0ifvmwm? vlBuD;awGrSdbl;qdk&ifvnf;
raumif;bl;av? udk,f tjyifuyJ apmifYaevdkufr,f}} qdkNyD; jyefxGufzdkYvkyfvdkufawmY ...]] r[kwfwm? aeyg
udkBuD;uvJ ...tcsif;csif;awGyJ}}? tJ'DvdkajymwmeJY uRefawmfvnf; jyefxdkifaeNyD; qufyGm;aevdkufawmYw,f/
olYudk aoaocsmcsm MunfhrdawmY wDSyfjzLjzLav;ay:rSmusaewJY qHyifeDnKda&mifazsmYazsmY&,f? vnfwdkif
ausmYausmY&,f? eDaxG;wJYESKwfcrf;av;&,f? tNrJvdkvdk tNyKH;uav;wckSdaewwfwJY rsufESmav;&,fudk jrif&w,f/
'gayr,fY zsufaewmwckSdw,f/ rsufvkH;awGudk aocsmrjrif&atmif &Dz&uf(tvif;,dkif)xm;wJY rsufrSefwck?
enf;enf; uoduatmifYjzpfoGm;w,f? tJ'geJY ...
]] rsufrSefcRwfvdkufygvm; ...}} yg;pyfu trSwfwrJYeJYxGufoGm;w,f/ oluvJ ...
]] tif; }} qdkNyD; a,mifNyD;cRwfvdkufawmY ...
]] [kwfNyD? ckrSyJ rsufESmvSvSav;udk aoaocsmcsmjrif&awmYw,f }}
]] tdk ...bmawGajymaewmvJ }}
]] [kwfw,f? ckeu rsufrSefeJYqdkawmY acsm&JUtvSawGudk zkH;uG,fxm;ovdkyJ? tckrS ...}}
]] udkBuD;aemf ...tckrS bmjzpfovJ }}

]] tdkwl;eJY pDtdkwl; zvS,fwmvGJrSm;oGm;w,f }}

]] [if bmajymwmvJ? ajymvdkufrSjzifY tqef;csnfhyJ }}
]] aMomf ...toufSLrSm;oGm;w,f ...vdkY }}
]] awmfyg odyfydkwmyJ ...}} vdkYajym&if; Sufovdkvkyfaew,f/ aocsmwmuawmY tJ'DtcsdefupNyD; uRefawmf
olYudk cspfrdoGm;w,f qdkwmygyJ ...../ ( acsm = acsm,krGef )
awmfawmfMumMumpum;xdkifajym&if; olYtaMumif;tawmfrsm;rsm;udkodvdkuf&w,f/ olu oDcsif;
em;axmif&wm 0goemygw,f/ topfawmfawmfrsm;rsm;udkvnf; pkaqmif;wwfw,f/ wcsKdU oDcsif;awGqdk
qrfy,fvfoDcsif;awG uRefawmfYqDrSmawmifrSdbl;/ b,fu&wmvJvdkYar;awmY oli,fcsif;wcsKdUqDuwJY/
oli,fcsif; ? uRefawmfenf;enf;remvkdjzpfoGm;w,f/ oDcsif;awGbmawGay;wJY oli,fcsif;[m
oleJYb,favmufrsm;&if;ESD;aeNyDvJvdkYaygY/
olYykHpHMunfh&wmawmY &nf;pm;rSdao;ykHyJ/ aemufrS olYnDrudk wdk;wdk;wdwfwdwfar;MunfhawmY
]]vdkufaewJYolawGawmYykHaewmyJwJY? bmvJ udkBuD;uvdkufrvdkYvm;}} vdkYar;ao;w,f/ uRefawmfvnf; uav;u
'DvdkajymwmcH&awmYSufSufeJYyJ bmrSrajymEdkifawmYbl;/ oluawmY oGm;ajymvdkufr,f vkyfaeao;vdkY
wm;xm;&w,f/ olwdkYu nDtpfrESpfa,mufxJqdkawmY ti,fru uRefawmfYudk tudkBuD;vdkawmfawmfcspfw,f/
rkefYawGbmawG vkyfpm;&ifvJ olyJvmvmac:wm .../
uRefawmfYbufuvJ olwdkYudkwwfxm;wJYuGefysLwmynmav;eJY jyefNyD; ulnD&wmaygY/
tJ'DaeYu acsmeJYpum;xdkifajym&if; {nfhcef;upm;yGJay:udk rsufpdupm;vdkufawmY pdkif;pdkif;crf;vSKdif&JU
azaz:0g&DrSwfwrf; ADpD'DudkawGUawmY cPiSm;vdkYajymawmY ...
]] cPyJaemf naejyefay;&r,f ...}}
]] [if b,fvdkjzpfwmvJ? jznf;jznf;aygY ...}}
]] udkBuD;aemf r&bl;qdkr&bl;yJ ...nae acsmuem;axmifOD;rSm ...}}
]] uJav ...tJ'gqdkvJ ul;xm;vdkufr,fuGm? NyD;wmeJYvmay;vdkufr,f? [kwfNyDvm; ...}}
]] [kwf }} qdkNyD; tNyKH;uav;eJYacgif;ndwfvdkufawmY yg;csKdifYuav;wckudk nmbufyg;rSmawGUvdkuf&w,f/
trSwfwrJYeJY pdkufMunfhaerd&if; rsufvkH;awmifrvTJrdbl;/ aemufrS olu uRefawmfYrsufESmaSUrSm
vufeJYumvkdufawmYrSowd0ifvmNyD; tMunfhvTJvdkuf&w,f/ em&D0ufavmufaeawmY uRefawmfvnf;
bdk;awmfqDzkef;vSrf;qufvdkufw,f/
tJ'DawmYrS tqJtqdkcHNyD; aomYawmif;vdkufawmY? bdk;awmfu tJ'DrSmyJ apmifYaevdkYajymNyD;? wynfhwa,muf
vTwfvdkufr,fvdkYajymNyD;zkef;csoGm;w,f/
olvTwfvdkufwJYola&mufvmawmYrSyJ tdrfjyeft0wftpm;vJ? a&rdk;csKd;NyD; tacGul;? aemuf atmufqif;NyD;
tacGjyefay;vdkufw,f/ nuszkef;qufawmY ...
]] naeu em;axmifjzpfao;vm; }}
]] [kwfuJY ...}}
]] b,foDcsif;ukd tBuKdufqkH;vJ ...}}
]] acsmuawmY tdkarar udkBuKdufw,f }}
]] [kwfvm; udk,feJYtBuKdufcsif;wlom;yJ aumif;wmayg ...}}
]] udkBuD;aemf bmajymcsifwmvJ }}
]] bmrS r[kwfygbl;uGm }}
]] ...}}
]] ...}}
'DvdkeJYyJ a&mufwwf&m&majymMu&if; ...
]] acsm ...}}
]] [if ...ajymav udkBuD; }}
]] aemufaeYvJ tdrfrSm aomYusefcJY&if aumif;rSmyJuGm ...
]] [m ...bmawGajymaewmvJ }}

]] tdrfrSm aomYusefcJYrS acsmwdkYqD0ifNyD;em; ... aemuf acsmudkvJ cpm;&wmaygY ...}}

]] trav; ...'grsm; 'Dwdkif;vmvnfvJ&wmyJudk }}
]] wu,faemf ...tJ'gqdk udk,faeYwdkif;vmrSm ...}}
]] tif; vlBuD;awGawmY rsufpdaemufawmYrSmyJ }}
]] aumifrav;aemf ...vlBuD;udkaemufwmvm; }}
tJ'DvdkeJY n 11em&Davmuftxdzkef;ajymjzpfMuw,f/ zkef;csvdkufawmY &ifxJrSm [movdk? aysmfovdkeJY
wrsKd;BuD;jzpfaeovdkyJ .../
aemufaeYawGusawmY ygrpf&oGm;NyDjzpfwJYtwGuf aeYwdkif;oGm;vnfawmYw,f/ vlBuD;awGcsif;vnf;
&if;ESD;awmY bmrStxl;tqef;vkyfrajymMubl;aygY/ oleJYvnf; wpwp ydkNyD;&if;ESD;vmovdk? pum;av;awGeJYvnf;
wjznf;jznf; cspfwJYtaMumif;awGudk rodromav;em;oGif;awmYw,f/
aemuf wvESpfvavmufMumawmYxifwmyJ? ewforD;ykHjyifADpD'DxGufvmw,f/ tJ'DxJu oDcsif;awGxJrSm
pdkif;pdkif;&JU pdwful;,Ofterf;rsm;eJY qdkwJYoDcsif;udk uRefawmf tawmfBuKdufoGm;w,f/ olYudkvnf; BuKdufr,fxifvdkY
ay;em;axmifvdkufawmY tacGawmif awmfawmfeJYjyefr&bl;/ nae 3 em&DavmufusawmY ... tdrfaSUu bJvfoH
jrnfvmw,f/ xGufMunfhvdkufawmY acsmjzpfaew,f/ uRefawmftHYMooGm;w,f? bmvdkYvJqdkawmY
uRefawmfwdkYtdrfudk
olrS odyfvmavYrSdwm/
]] uJ wHcg;zGifYay;OD;av? 'DvdkyJ {nfhonfudkqufqH&ovm; udkBuD;&,f }}
tJ'DawmYrS uRefawmfvnf; owd0ifvmNyD; wHcg;zGifYay;&w,f/ tdrfxJudkac:cJYNyD; {nfhcef;u qufwDay:rSm
ae&mcsvdkufw,f/ olu uRefawmfYudk tacGjyefay;&if; ...
]] acsm 'Dudkrvmcif udkBuD;bmawGvkyfaewmvJ ...}}
]] 'DvdkygyJ? taru w&m;acGul;cdkif;xm;vdkY ul;ay;aewm }}
]] aeygOD;? acsmudk bmjzpfvdkY wHcg;csufcsif;zGifYray;&wmvJ? udkBuD;u aMumufvdkYvm; }}
]] r[kwfygbl;uGm? acsm&JUtvSrSm udk,fY&JU zefSifawG aygYpfvkyfwmcHvdkuf&vdkYav ...}}
]] ydkNyD ... 'geJYacsmvmwm 'DtacGjyefay;&if; wacGavmuful;csifvdkYav ...}}
]] &wmaygY tckapmifY,loGm;av }}
]] tif; ...acsmu wacGvkH;ul;csifwmr[kwfbl; }}
]] tif? 'gjzifY b,fvdk ...}}
]] [kwfw,f? tJ'DxJu pdkif;pdkif; oDcsif;wyk'fxJyJvdkcsifwm }}
]] tkdau ...udk,fodNyD }}
tJ'geJYyJ oDcsif;wyk'fxJudkyJ ul;ay;vdkufNyD; tacGvJjyefxGufvma&m? wcsufprf;NyD; olYudkay;vdkufw,f/
olu vSrf;,lvdkufNyD; jyefzdkYjyifvdkufw,f/
]] aMomf acsm? udkBuD;ajymp&mSdao;w,f cPavmufxdkifygOD; }}
]] tif; bmvJajymav ...}}
]] 'D pdwful;,Ofterf;rsm;eJY qdkwJYoDcsif;udk acsm awmfawmfBuKdufvdkYvm; ...}}
]] [kwfw,fav ...bmjzpfvdkYvJ }}
]] udk,fvJBuKdufw,f ...tJ'DoDcsif;vdkyJ udk,fpdwful;,OfNyD; arQmfvifYae&wJY terf;awGSdw,f }}
]] b,fuygvdrfY ... aumifrav;wa,mufawGUxm;NyDaygYav ...}}
]] [kwfw,fav? aumifrav;wa,mufaygY? udk,fYudkrodcsifa,mifaqmifNyD; vpfvsLSKaevdkY }}
]] aMomf ...awmfawmfqdk;wmyJ ...acsm bmulnD&rvJ ...ajymav }}
]] 'gqdk tawmfyJ? ulnDyg acsm&,f ...udk,fYudk vpfvsLSKrxm;ygeJYvdkY }}
]] tdk ...udkBuD;uvJ ...bmrSef;rodbl; }}
]] wu,fyg acsm&,f? udk,f arQmfvifYcJY&wJY pdwful;awGudk vufawGUjzpfvmcGifYay;ygaemf ...}}
]] ...}}

uRefawmfvnf; olYvufuav;udk vSrf;udkifvdkufw,f/ ol [efaqmifyefaqmifkef;ayr,fY aemufqkH;awmY

cGifYjyKygw,f/ olSufaew,fqdkwmodvdkuf&ovdk uRefawmftajctaeaumif;aewmudkvJ odvdkuf&awmY ...
]] b,fvdkvJ acsm&,f ajzygOD;uGm ...}}
]] udkBuD;uvJ cufygw,f ...}}
]] tajzuvnf;Sdygw,f acsm&,f ...acsmvufcHvdkuf&ifvG,foGm;rSmyg }}
]] [m uGm ...}}
]] uJ 'gqdk oabmwl&if acgif;ndwfjyaemf ...}}
tJ'geJYyJ olcPpOf;pm;aeNyD;rS .....
]] udkBuD; wu,f acsmudkcspfw,fqdkwm aocsmvm; }}
]] ar;p&mrvdkawmYygbl;uGm ...acsmudkav vGefcJYwJY 4 ESpfwnf;u cspfaewm? uav;rdkYvdkY ...}}
cPaeawmY olYacgif;uav; qwfueJndwfvdkufwmudk jrifvdkuf&awmY uRefawmfaysmfoGm;w,f/ yckH;uav;
udkvSrf;zufvdkufawmY olwGefYueJjzpfoGm;ayr,fY rkef;bl;/ uRefawmfvJ olUab;rSm yl;uyfxdkifvdkuf&if;
qHyifav;udkoyfwifvdkufw,f/ aemuf yg;uav;udkerf;vdkufawmY aoG;a&mifuav;awG&Jwufvmwmudk
awGU&w,f/
cspfp&maumifrav;udk bmrSrvkyfyJ b,faeEdkifawmYrSmvJ/
wqwfqwfwkefaewJYESKwfcrf;uav;udk uRefawmfzGzGav;erf;vdkufawmY olYwudk,fvkH;yg wkefcgoGm;w,f/
olodyfNyD; pdwfvSKyfSm;aew,fqdkwm odvdkuf&awmY rsufESmav;udk armYay;vdkuf&if; ...
]] raMumufygeJY acsm&,f ...udk,f bmrSrvkyfawmYygbl;? udk,ft&rf;aysmfw,f/ b0rSm taysmfqkH;aeYyJ?
acsmeJYudk,f b,fawmYrSrcGJawmYbl;aemf ...udk,fYudkcspfw,faemf ...}}
]] cspfygw,f udk&,f ...'gayrJY b,folrSrodapeJYOD;aemf ...? uJ ararwdkY vdkufvmae&if raumif;bl;?
nrS zkef;qufvdkufawmYr,faemf ...}} qdkNyD; cyfoGufoGufav;jyefqif;oGm;w,f/ olul;cdkif;wJY tacGav;awmif
xm;ypfcJYw,f/ aus;Zl;ygyJ ...pdkif;pdkif;crf;vSKdifa& .../
cspfolawGjzpfvmMuawmYvnf; obm0twdkif; avQmufvnfMu? cspfwif;aESmMueJYaygYAsm/ olYtdrfuvnf;
enf;enf;usyfawmY olvnf;tjyifxGuf&wm cyfcufcufyJ .../ olYtdrfudkyJ oGm;oGm;vnf&if; olYudk uGefysLwm
jyay;csifa,mifaqmifNyD; vlawGtvpfrSm zufxm;vdkuf? cdk;erf;vdkufaygYAsm/ olYnDrav;uvnf; awmfSmygw,f?
uRefawmfwdkYudk uif;apmifYay;w,f? olYtdrfuawmifajymao; ...rif;nDrvJ rif;oifay;rS uGefysKwmudkydkNyD;
pdwf0ifpm;vmovdkyJwJY .../
cufcJwJYxdef;csKyfrSKawGatmufrSm uRefawmfwdkYESpfa,muf renf;udk xGufaygufSmcJY&w,f/ ol oifwef;awG
bmawG oGm;wmawmifrS tdrfutBuKdtykdYvkyfay;awmY cGifudkqifvdkYr&bl;/ tJ'DvdkeJY w&ufrSmawmY uHMurmu
uRefawmfwdkYudk tcGifYta&;ay;vmw,f/ rSwfrSwf&& ...px&ef;[kdw,frSm csefyD,Havmif; vdkufzfSKd;vkyfwJYaeY?
olu olYoli,fcsif;awGeJY SKd;Munfhr,fqdkNyD; tdrfuxGufvmw,f/ olYtdrfuvJ oli,fcsif;awGeJYqdkawmY
vdkufrydkYbJ 'Dwdkif; vTwfvdkufwmaygY/ tJ'Dtcsdeftxd olSKd;Munfhr,fqdkwma&m? xGufvkdY&w,fqdkwma&m
uRefawmfrodao;bl;/
jzpfcsifawmY tJ'DaeYu autrf'DrSm tifwmeufoGm;okH;NyD;tjyef aeYcif;bufrSm aeSife,fpD'DudkvmNyD;
tacGoGm;0,fjzpfw,f/ tJ'DujyefawmY AdkufqmvmwmeJY wdkusKdzdkif;cspfuJef;0ifNyD; wa,mufxJyJ qGJvdkufw,f/
tJ'DaeYu ausmfolpdk;eJYawmifawGUao;w,f/ tdrfomxJuae zkef;ajymNyD; GJUapmif;GJUapmif;eJYxGufvmwm? NyD;awmY
uRefawmfYudkrjrifyJ 0ifwdkufoGm;awmY wif;oGm;wmeJY 'DaumifYyckH;udkvSrf;qGJ&if; bmvJnmvJ
qdkNyD;NzJvTwfvdkufw,f/ NyD;rS taygYtyg;oGm;? jyefxGufNyD; pm;p&mawG,l? nmbufjcrf;u pm;yGJtao;wckrSm
xdkifpm;aevdkufw,f/ cP aeawmY rdef;uav;oH qlqlnHnHawGMum;&vdkY wcsufarmYMunfhvdkufawmY
a&mifpkHjc,fxm;wJY aumifrav;wtkyf? tcsif;csif; aemuf&if;ajymif&if; 0ifvmwmudkawGUw,f/
uRefawmfvJ rdef;uav;tkyfqdk&if aMumufwwfawmY at;at;aq;aq;yJ xdkifNyD;pm;aevdkufw,f/ em;xJrSm
qlqlnHnHawGawmY Mum;ae&wkef;yJ ...tJ'DtcsdefrSm uRefawmfYyckH;ay:rSm aEG;ueJ txdtawGUwck&vdkufw,f/
wjznf;jznf;csif;armYMunfhvdkufawmY ...acsmjzpfaew,f/ uRefawmfvJ ajymrjyEdkifatmif 0rf;omoGm;w,f/ olUudk

qGJNyD;xdkifcdkif;? tat;awGbmawGrSmay;NyD; tusKd;taMumif;ar;MunfhvdkufawmY SKd;yGJMunfhrvdkYwJY/ uRefawmfvnf;

cGif&wkef;vkyfxm;rSqdkNyD;? px&ef;u abmvfGrf;u b,fvdkylwJYtaMumif;? tJ&fuGef;rEdkifwJYtaMumif;? aeYcif;buf
qdkawmY ydkylrSm ponfjzifY pdwfysufatmifajymNyD; at;at;aq;aq; xGufvkdY&wkef; avQmufoGm;zdkYajymvdkufw,f/
]] b,fvdkvJacsm ...tJ'DrSmqdk&if pdwfysufp&mBuD;aerSm ...udk,fwdkY avQmufoGm;&atmifav }}
]] tif;aemf ...at;at;aq;aq;xGufvdkY&wkef; ...udkYoabmav ...}}
]] 'gawGaMumifY cspf&wm ...'gqdk [dk*kyfudkxm;cJYawmYav ...}}
]] tif; ...a[YaumifawG ...ig SKd;rMunfhawmYbl;? tdrfudkjyefrajymeJYaemf? odvdkYu taoyJ ...}}
]] vkyfMuaygY ...SifwdkYu ...}} olYudk0dkif;NyD; Mobmay;wJYtoHawGxGufvmw,f/ uRefawmfvnf; olYvufuav;udk
udkifvdkuf&if; qdkifjyifudkxGufcJYawmYw,f/
wdkusKduvJxGufvma&m ...b,foGm;&rSef;rodwmeJY ...]]vmuGm ...wae&m&mrSm at;at;aq;aq; xdkif&if;
pOf;pm;MuwmaygY}} vdkYajymNyD; qmul&mwm0gu aumfzDqdkifudkac:vmcJYw,f/ vpfzfeJY txyfESpfq,fudk
wufcJYMuNyD; tay:vJa&mufa&m qdkifxJudk0ifcJYMuw,f/ vlenf;enf;Sif;wJY eH&HaxmifYem;upm;yGJrSm
xdkifvdkufMuw,f/ NyD;awmY olYtwGuf uylcsDEdktat;&,f? uRefawmfYtwGuf tufpfy&ufqdkwcGufrSmvdkufNyD;rS
olYudkuRefawmf aocsm Munfhjzpfw,f/ olujyifqifxm;vdkufwm ...uRefawmf o0efawmifwdkrdw,f/
qHyifudkvnf;jyifxm;wm b,fvdkrSef;rodbl;? oleJYawmY tawmfvkdufw,f/ aSUbufezl;ab;u qHyifuaepNyD;
aemufqkH;ausmbufem;u qHyifudka&mufwJYtxd twdkqkH;uae tSnfudk wjznf;jznf;
apmif;apmif;av;qif;oGm;wJY qvkyfykHpH? bmauvdkY ac:vJawmYrodbl;/ abmf'gwdkYawmY odrvm;yJ? NyD;awmY
aemufzufuawmY pwufyfauyJ/ ol0wfvmwmu yef;a&mifBuKd;okdif;av;&,f? tay:u
tustyg;av;wckxyf0wfvdkY? abmif;bDu tjzLa&mif zpfwifav;&,f? atmufu puufcsmSL;
yef;a&mifeJYtjzLa&mifusm;av; .../ olYudk wnfhwnfhMunfhvdkufNyD; ...
]] 'Dutjyef tmSawmf0ifoGm;&atmifaemf ...}}
]] [if udk bmjzpfwmvJ aeraumif;bl;vm; }}
]] aMomf r[kwfygbl;? kwfw&ufBuD; &ifckefoHawG&yfoGm;vdkY ...ESvkH;eJYrsm; wckckvm;vdkY }}
]] tJ ...tJ'gu ywf0ef;usifeJYqdkifw,f ...}} aemuf q&m0efavoHeJY ...
]] tif; SifYudk uRefrajym&&if a&m*gydkqdk;rvmatmif tckSifYudk 'DvdkjzpfapwJYt&mawGeJY a0;a0;rSmaeyg? NyD;awmY
aumifrav;awGu odyfrirf;ygeJY ...tMunfhawGudk xdef;odrf;aygYSif/ aMomf ...'g SifY usef;rma&;
twGufajymwmaemf ...em;axmifyg }}
]] trav; rvkyfygeJYacsm&,f ...aemuf 'DvdkrajymawmYygbl;? wu,fajymwm acsmtJvdkajymvdkufawmY
udk,ft&rf;cHpm;vdkuf&w,f ...}}
]] yef;uefjym;eJYaygY ...tJav aemufwmygudk&m ...'DvdkSm;Sm;yg;yg;awGU&wm acsmem;rSmuyfaeaygY}}
]] trdefYawmftwdkif;ygyJ cifAsm ...uJuJ aumfzDawG aomufvdkufMuOD;pdkY }}
olYudk MunfhvdkufawmY uylcsDEdkudk rufrufarmarmaomufaew,f/ uRefawmfuawmY tufpfy&ufqdkudk
BudwfrSdwfNyD; t&omcHaewmaygY ...[kwfw,f? t&ufwdkY bD,mwdkY aomufovdkyJ olY&JUcg;oufjyif;SwJYt&omudk
BuKdufrdwm .../ ZGef;av;eJY wZGef;cyfNyD; olYbufudkvSrf;vdkufawmY ]]csKd&JUvm; [if}} wJY/ uRefawmf acgif;ndwfNyD;
olYESKwfcrf;av;rSm awYay;vdkufw,f/ yg;pyfxJvJa&mufa&m ...olYrsufESmSKHUrJYoGm;vdkufwm ...NyD;awmY uRefawmfYudk
qdwfqGJw,f/ tm;ueJatmfvdkuf&if; olYudkvufnSKd;av;auG;jyvkdufawmY vufoD;qkyfjyw,f/ aemuf olu ]]
vlawGrsm;aevdkYaemf ...vlSif;rSodr,f }} qdkNyD;ajymvdkufw,f/
cPaeawmY qdkif0uae vlwcsKdU0ifvmNyD; t*FvdyfvdkajymoHawGygMum;vdkuf&w,f/ b,fuwdk;&pfawGvJ
vdkYawG;vdkuf&if; olYrsufESmav;udkMunfhNyD; aumfzDudk wpdrfYpdrfYaomufaevdkufw,f/ tJ'DtcsdefrSm olu ...
]] udk udk ...}}
]] [if bmjzpfvdkYvJ }}
]] [dkrSm OD; r[kwfvm; ...tdrfuodoGm;&ifawmY 'kuygyJ }}
]] bdk;awmfrsm;uGm ...at;aq;yg? udk,f ydkifygw,f }}
]] acsmawmYaMumufw,f ...oGm;&atmifuGm ...}}

]] b,fudkoGm;rSmvJ }}
]] awmfuGm ...tjyifusrSajymMur,f ...abvfSif;vdkufawmY aemf ...}}
]] tif;av uspf uspf ... 'DrSm ...}} qdkNyD; 0dwfwmwa,mufudk vufjyvdkufw,f/ aiGSif;NyD;awmY xGufvmMuw,f
...olYudk t&ifxGufoGm;cdkif;vkdufNyD; ...bdk;awmfwdkYpm;yGJudk avQmufoGm;vdkufw,f/ tckrS ajym&OD;r,f?
bdk;awmfqdkwmu OD;av;yg? uRefawmfu rdbawGtdrfae&if rD;rrSefwmudkrBuKdufwmeJY OD;av;eJYyJ vmaew,f/
tck bdk;awmfu {nfhonfawGeJYvdkufvm&if; 'Dudka&mufvmwm .../
]] av;av; ...[J[J }}
]] rif;uawmYvkyfawmYr,f? at; igajymygay&JUaemf vlBuD;awG rsufESmrysufapeJY ...}}
]] av;av;uvJAsm ...om;vJ 'DavmufawmY vdrmygw,f ...tJ'g rkefYzdk;av;enf;enf; ...}}
]] tif; ...a&mY 'DrSm wykvif;qdkawmfa&maygY ...q&mod&ifawmYuGm ...}}
]] 'DavmufawmY em;yg av;av;&m ...uJ oGm;vdkufOD;r,f }}
tJ'DvdkeJY rkefYzdk;awmif;NyD; xGufvmcJYawmYolu vpfzfem;rSmapmifYaew,f/ Mumvdkufwm vdkYajymawmY OD;av;udk
]]rkefYzkd;uyfawmif;aewmav}} vdkYjyefajymvdkufNyD; ac:xm;wJYvpfzfa&mufvmwmeJY qif;vmcJYMuw,f/
uHaumif;csif awmY vpfzfxJrSm uRefawmfwdkYESpfa,mufwnf;? olYudkzufvdkufawmY rkef;bl; ... NyD;
acgif;av;udkarmYvdkufNyD; olY&JUyef;aoG;a&mifESKwfcrf;av;udk tomav;wdkYerf;vdkufw,f/ aemuf
atmufESKwfcrf;av;udk ikHvdkufawmYAsm... pdwfxJrSm awmfawmfYudkrdk;rGjzpfvmw,f ...olawmYrodbl;/ NyD;awmY
vQmav;eJY yg;pyfav;xJudkxdk;oGif;vkdufawmY vufawGu uRefawmfYudk cyfwif;wif;zufvmw,f/
'DtcsdefrSmyJ bJvfujrnfvmawmY vlcsif;cGmNyD; vpfzfxJu xGufcJYMuw,f/ pdwfxJrSmawmY
atmufa&mufwmjrefvdkufwmaygY .../ tJ'DrSmyJ b,foGm;&rvJqdkwm tBuH& oGm;w,f/
abmf'gwdkYxifwJYtwdkif;ygyJ ...kyfSifkH/
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kyfSifudkMunfhvkdufawmY NyD;cgeD;aeNyD ...wcsKdUawmifxjyefukefMuNyD/ toHawGMum;ae&wmuawmY

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acsmudk pum;jyefajymygOD; udk&,f ...}}
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]] awmfyg ...'DrSm acsmtus? wae&mrSm csdwfxm;ay; }}

uRefawmfvnf; csdwfwck,lNyD; eH&Huyfwef;uav;rSm csdwfxm;vdkufw,f/ olYqDukdjyefvSnfhvm&if; uRefawmfY

wDSyfudkcRwfvdkufw,f/ abmif;bDudkygcRwfvdkufNyD; tem;uykqdk;wuGif;udk aumuf0wfvdkufw,f/ olYab;em;rSm
0ifxdkifvdkufNyD; vnfwdkifav;udkerf;vdkufw,f ...NyD;awmY ckwifacgif;&if;udk cyfavsmavsmrSDvdkufNyD;
olYaemufuae ausmav;udkyGwfay;aevdkufw,f/ aemufNyD; olY&JUb&mav;udk csdwfawGjzKwfay;vdkufw,f/
jyefxvdkufNyD; aSUuae olYb&mav;udkqGJ,lvdkufNyD; ckwifwdkifrSmcsdwfxm;vdkufw,f/ olYudkarmYMunfhvdkufawmY
olu vufESpfzufudk ykckH;ay: Muufajccwfvsufxm;w,f/ uRefawmfu ]]rSufygeJY uav;&,f}} vdkYajymNyD;
olYyg;av;udkyGwfay;vdkufw,f/ olu wcsufNyKH;MunfhNyD;awmY uRefawmfYvufwzufudkqGJNyD;
olYEdkYav;ay:wifay;vdkufw,f/
]] vlqdk; ...olodyfvnfwmyJ }}
]] udk,furqdk;ygbl; acsm&m ...cspfwmyg? cspfvGef;vdkYacsmudk ikHawmifxm;csifwm }}
]] tydkawG ...cPav;? acsm r,kHzdkYjyifvdkufOD;r,f ...}}
]] uav;raemf ...vlBuD;udk rpeJY ...}}
uRefawmfvnf; pdwfawGudkrxdef;EdkifawmYyJ olUudkzufNyD;vSJcsvdkufw,f/ ESKwfcrf;csiferf;w,f ...vQmav;yg
xnfhay;vdkufawmY olu tvdkufwodyJ pkyf,lvdkufw,f/ ESpfa,mufom;vQmcsif;upm;Mu&if uRefawmfYatmufrSm
nDawmfarmifu Edk;vmawmYw,f/ ykqdk;udkawmY atmufudkavQmcsvdkufw,f/
olYESKwfcrf;av;awGudkerf;ae&muae atmufudk jznf;jznf;csif;qif;vmcJYw,f/ ar;apYav;udkerf;vdkufawmY
olYvufawGu uRefawmYausmudk cyfwif;wif;zufvmw,f/ tJ'DuwqifY za,mif;om;eJYwlwJYvnfwdkifav;&,f?
atmufu &ifGefY0if;0if;av;&,fudk vQmeJYvsufay;aerdw,f/ &ifnGefYav;udkvsufae&if;u uRefawmfYvufawGu
olYpuyfxrDav;&JU tuGJaMumif;xJuae vufoGif;NyD; aygifav;udkyGwfay;vdkufao;w,f/ &ifGefYav;rSm rmuif
wcsufav;vdkufNyD;wJYaemufrSawmY cyfyg;yg;av;axmifxaewJY olY&JUEdkYoD;acgif; yef;&ifYa&mifav;udk
ikHvdkufw,f/ &ifxJrSmvnf; ppfwD;0dkif;wcku oHNyKdifwD;rSKwfaeMuNyD/ EdkYoD;acgif;av;udkikHxm;&muae
yg;pyfxJrSmyJ vQmav;eJY apmif;wdkufvdkufw,f/ olYyg;pyfav;uae w[if;[if;jzpfvmNyD ...tJ'geJY yg;pyfxJu
EdkYoD;acgif;av;udk vQmeJYoyf oGm;av;eJY cyfzGzGudkufvdkufNyD; yg;awGcsKdifY0ifoGm;atmifpdkYay;vdkufw,f/
olYvufawGu uRefawmfYacgif;udkudkifxm;NyD; qHyifawGudkzGay;aew,f/ uRefawmfvnf;Asm ...kyfSifkHxJwkef;u
pdwfxdef;xm;orQawGudk 'Dae&mrSyJ aygufuGJ ypfvdkufw,f/ pNyD;awmY pdkYvdkufwm b,fbufqdkawmY
nmbufudkajymif;vdkufw,f/ EdkYoD;acgif;av;udk ESKwfcrf;eJY wif;wif;nSyfxm;vdkufNyD; tay:udkqGJ,lvdkufawmY
olYqDu ]]udk&,f b,fvdkvkyfaewmvJ}} qdkwJY toHav;u wkefwkef,if,ifeJYxGufvmw,f/
tJ'DbufrSmpdkYay;aewkef; usefwJY EdkYav;wzufudkawmY vufwzufeJY qkyfe,fay; aevdkufw,f/
El;nHhvdkufwmqdkwm ajymrjywwfatmifyJ ...vufacsmif;awGuwqifY&wJY zDvifu wudk,fvkH;rSm
MuufoD;arG;nif;awGxvmapw,f/ vufawGqdkwm olYEdkYav;xJudkepf0ifoGm;rvm;vdkYawmifxifrdw,f/
olYEdkYav;awGudk yg;awGeJYygyGwfoyfay;vdkuf&if; cPaeawmY wjznf;jznf;csif; atmufqif;vmvdkufw,f/
Adkufom;av;awGudk vQmav;eJYvsuf&if; csufav;em;a&mufawmY vQmudkcRefaeatmifxm;vdkufNyD;
xdk;xnfhvdkufw,f/ ]]tmY}} qdkwJY cspfp&mtoHav;eJYtwl olYudk,fav;wckvkH; vl;vGefYoGm;w,f/
uRefawmfYvufESpfzufeJY olYcg;av;udk udkifvdkufNyD; olYpuyfxrDu csdwfuav;udkvdkufSmaerdw,f/ tJ'DawmYolu
]]ab;rSmav udk&JU}} vdkYajymvdkufrSyJ awGU&awmYw,f/ csdwfuav;udkjzKwfvdkufNyD;
oluwifyg;av;udkMuGay;xm;w,f/ ukwif ajc&if;rSmvTm;vdkufNyD; olYaygifav;ay:rSm acgif;wifxm;vdkufw,f/
olu xvmNyD; uRefawmfYacgif;udk zGzGav;yGwfay; aew,f/ aemuf olYudkjyefwGef;vSJvdkufNyD;
olY&JUabmif;bDav;tay:uae aygifMum;av;xJudk vSrf;prf;vdkufw,f/ t&nfav;awGudkprf;rdvdkufawmY
uRefawmf0rf;omoGm;w,f/ olYaygifav;udkqGJum;vdkufNyD; abmif;bDatmufem;udk olYtzkwfav;ay:uaeqGJz,fNyD;
ab;udkuyfvdkufw,f/
tuGJaMumif;pdpdav;udkjrifvdkuf&NyD; olYudk,fuypnf;awGtm;vkH;[m yef;a&mifav;awGqdkwmudk owdxm;rd
vdkufw,f/ tuGJaMumif;xdyfuae vufreJYNzJNyD; tpdav;udk vufnSKd;eJYyGwfay;vdkufawmY olYvufawGu
tdyf&mcif;udk qkyfudkifxm;wmudk awGU&w,f/ yGwfay;ae&muae tm;r&jzpfvmNyD; abmif;bDav;udkvdyfNyD;
qGJcRwfvdkufw,f/ 'DtcsdefrSmawmY uRefawmfvdkvm;awmifYwcJY&wJY &nfrSef;csufyef;wdkifav;[m

uRefawmfYaSUudka&mufaeNyDav/ tJ'geJYyJ olYt0av;udk vufcv,feJYxdk;oGif;vkdufNyD; w0ufavmufa&mufawmY

cP&yfvdkufw,f/ olY&JUtwGif;om;awGu usL;ausmfvmwJY uRefawmfYvufcv,fudk 0kdif;NyD;nSyfxm;Muw,f/
enf;enf;av;upm;ay;vdkufawmYrS twGif;xJuae t&nfav;awGpdrfYusvmawmYw,f/ tckrSyJ
vSKyfomvGefYomjzpfoGm;awmYw,f ...vufcv,fudk aSUwdk;aemufiifupm;ay;vdkuf&if; cPaeawmY
uRefawmfYrsufESmudkikHYvdkufNyD; olYt0av;udk vQmzsm;av;eJYwdkYxdvdkufw,f/ vufeJYupm;ay;wmudk
NidrfcHae&if;uae xl;jcm;wJYtxdtawGUaMumifY rsufvkH;zGifYMunfhvdkufawmY ...
]] udk udk rvkyfygeJY acsmi&JBuD;ygYr,f }}
]] acsmuvJuGm udk,fuvkyfay;wmyJ? acsmvkyfcdkif;wmrSr[kwfwm ...}}
]] udkuvJaemf cufwmyJ ...}}
]] rcufygeJY acsm&,f ...acsm i&JrBuD;atmif NyD;&ifudk,fYudk uefawmYvkdufaygYaemf ...}}
tJvdkajymvdkufNyD; vQmapmif;eJY tpdav;udkyGwfwdkufav;vdkufw,f/ olYcg;av;wcsufaumYoGm;&if;
wifyg;awGuajrmufwufvmw,f/ tpdav;udk ESKwfcrf;eJYikHNyD;pkyfay;vdkufawmY txJuae t&nfav;awG pD;us
vmawmYw,f/ uRefawmfvnf; vQmeJYodrf;vsufvdkuf&if; vQmudk t0av;uaexdk;oGif;vdkufw,f/
ol wGefYueJjzpfoGm;NyD; cg;uav;udkaumYay;vmw,f/ wifyg;awGuvnf; vSKyf&rf;aeawmY rsufESmay:udk
t&nfav;awGayusHukefw,f/ olYtxJrSmawmY t&nfav;awG wjznf;jznf;rsm;vmNyD ...'geJY uRefawmfYvQmudk
txJudk a&mufEdkiforQa&mufatmifxdk;oGif;vdkufNyD; t&nfwcsKdUudkpkyf,lvdkufw,f/ atmufuypnf;uvJ
cdk;vdk;ckvk jzpfvmw,f/ olYtzkwfav;xJudk vQmeJYoGif;vsufae&if;u vufnSKd;av;eJY tpdav;udk
yGwfay;aevdkufw,f/ oluawmY [if;[if; [if;[if;eJYnnf;nL&if; ykHrSefav;aumYay;aew,f/
olaumYay;vdkufwdkif; uRefawmfu vQmeJY txJudk aqmifYoGif;vdkufw,f/ tJ'DvdkeJY ig;rdepfavmufvJvsufrda&m
olYtzkwfuav;xJrSm SKHUcsDyGcsDjzpfvm&if;eJY txJu jzLjzLt&nfav;awGxGufusvmawmYw,f/ uRefawmfvnf;
yg;pyfeJYcH,lvdkuf&if; w0ufavmufudkrsKdcsNyD; usefwJYw0ufavmufudkawmY olYESKwfcrf;av;udkpkyf,l&if;
ajymif;xnfhay;vdkufw,f/ olvnf; rsKdcsvdkufNyD;rS ...
]] udk&,f ...acsm tm;emvdkufwm? udkuvJ wu,fyJ ...}}
]] &ygw,f acsm&,f udku acsmudkcspfwmudk ...}}
]] tJ'Davmufawmif cspf&vm;udk&,f ...}} olu cyfnnf;nnf;av;ajymvdkufw,f/
]] acsm ...acsmpdwfrqdk;&if udk,fwckavmufajymcsifw,f }}
]] bmvJ[if ...}}
]] acsm ...tJ ...udk,facsmudkvkyfay;ovdk udk,fYudkvkyfay;ygvm; [if }}
]] ...}}
]] acsm pdwfqdk;oGm;NyDvm; ...&ygw,fuGm ...acsmu udk,fcspfovdkrcspfygbl; }}
]] udkuvJuGm ...uJuJ vm ...olYpdwfBuD;yJ }}
uRefawmfvnf; 0rf;omoGm;NyD; olYqGJac:wJYae&mrSm xdkifcsvkdufw,f/ aemuf oluuRefawmfYbpfudkqGJNyD;
cRwfvdkufw,f/ tckrSyJ nDav;vnf; 0rf;omtm;& rwfueJxGufvmw,f/ olu ]][,f tBuD;BuD;yJ}} qdkNyD;awmY
vufeJYudkifvdkufw,f/ olYvufuav;u aEG;vdkufwmAsm ...uRefawmfvnf; zDvifawGydkwufvmNyD; qwfueJ
vSKyfvdkufawmY ...]]NidrfNidrfae? jzwfypfvdkufrSm ...}} qdkNyD; olYyg;pyfav;udk[ uRefawmfYudkwcsufMunfhvdkufNyD;
xdyfuaep ikHvdkufw,f/ aemufawmY yg;pyfxJudk 0ifEdkiforQoGif;NyD;vkyfay;aew,f/ 'gayr,fY enf;vrf;rusawmY
cHraumif;bl;As/ olYacgif;av;udkqGJarmYvdkufNyD; 'pfudk'DvdkNzJ? atmufudkqGJcs? 'pfatmufem;av;udkvsufay;
ponfjzifY ajymjyvdkufawmYrSyJ pepfusoGm;awmYw,f/
olYvQmav;atmufrSm uRefawmfrl;arYoGm;avmufatmif t&omSdaew,f/ tckrsm; tdrfrD;avmifawmif
xr`iSdrf;awmYbl;/ aumif;vdkufwmAsm ...'DvdkrsKd;omae&&if xrif;awmifrpm;bJ aeEdkifao;w,f/ olYacgif;uav;
MuGvmvdkuf jyefcsvdkufeJY uRefawmfYudk jyKpkaevdkufwm qHyifav;awGvnf;cg,rf;vdkY .../ uRefawmfvnf;
olUEdkYav;wzufudk vSrf;udkifvdkuf&if;uae qkyfe,fay;vdkuf? EdkYoD;acgif;av;udk vufeJYvSdrfYay;vdkufeJY
vkyfay;aew,f/ olY&JUaEG;axG;wJYjyKpkrSKawGatmufrSm cHpm;ae&if; uRefawmfYiyJBuD;u
wqwfqwfvSKyfvmawmYw,f/ olYyg;pyfxJu qGJxkwfzdkYBuKd;pm;vdkufayr,fY oluvufrcHbl; .../ tm;emwmeJY

uRefawmfvnf; &Edkifoavmuf atmifYxm;vkdufao;w,f/ aemufqkH;awmY b,fvdkrSxdef;rxm;EdkifawmYyJ

olYyg;pyfxJudk tvkH;t&if;eJY yef;xkwfvdkuf ygawmYw,f/ olwcsufawmif oD;oGm;ovm;yJ ...'gayr,fY
qufpkyfay;&if; tukeftpifxGufvmatmif vkyfay;aeao;w,f/ NyD;rS olacgif;armYvdkufNyD;
uRefawmfY&JUt&nfawGudkrsKdcsvdkufw,f/ yg;pyfudk vufuav;eJY okwf&if; ...
]] udk ausNyDaemf ...}}
]] acsm&,f ...udku jyefxkwfrvdkY[mudk bmvdkY ...}}
]] udkYudkcspfvdkYaygY udk&,f ...odNyDvm; }}
tJ'DvdkeJYyJ olYudk tcef;xJrSmxm;cJYNyD; uRefawmfu tdrfaSUxGufvmcJYw,f/ NyD;awmY a&cJaowmxJ a&wykvif;eJY
MuufOESpfvkH;,lNyD; tcef;xJjyef0ifvmcJYw,f/ olu ukwifay:rSmxdkifae&if;uae olYudk,fav;udk
apmifeJYywfxm;w,f/ olYudk a&wdkufNyD; MuufOay;vdkufawmY rBuKdufbl;wJY ...tJ'geJY uRefawmfyJyefqifvdkufNyD;
oleJYuRefawmf wa,mufudkwa,mufzuf&if; vSJNyD; tem;,laevdkufawmYw,f/
tcspfqdkwJYt&omeJYa&maxG;wJY umrt&omudk oleJYawGUrSyJcHpm;rdw,f .../ uRefawmfYudk olodyfcspfw,f
qdkwmvnf; aocsmoGm;w,f/ olY&JU yxrqkH;tawGUtBuKHrSm uRefawmfYtvdkus 'DvdkrsKd;jyKpkay;w,fqdkuwnf;u
uRefawmf odyftm;emoGm;ovdk cspfvnf;cspf? aus;Zl;vnf;wifoGm;w,f/ olYudkMunfhvdkufawmY uRefawmfY
vufarmif;udk acgif;tkH;&if; arS;aew,f ...rsufawmifav;awGpif;vdkY? ESKwfcrf;av;uawmY NyKH;aew,f/
uRefawmfolYrsufESmav;udk vufz0g;eJY nifnifomomyGwfoyfay;&if; tcspfqdkwJY wpkHw&mudk cHpm;rdw,f/
vufnSKd;av;udk ESKwfcrf;ay:wifay;vdkufawmY vQmav;xkwfNyD;vsufw,f/ aemuf ESKwfcrf;av;udkzGifY[NyD;
ikHxm;vdkufw,f/ cPvJaea&m ckeu avsmYusoGm;cJYwJY uRefawmfYpdwfawGjyefNyD;wufMuGvmw,f/ olYudkvnf;
jyefNyD; pdwfawGay:aygufvmatmifyGwfay;aerdw,f/ atmufudk tomavQmqif;NyD; EdkYav;udkikHvdkufawmY olY&JU
rsufvkH;av;awGyGifYvmw,f/ tdk ...rsufvkH;xJrSmvnf; NyKH;&dyfawGygvm; ...]]cspfw,f acsm&,f}} vdkY acgif;udk
jyefarmYNyD;ajymvdkufawmY ...]]twlwlygyJ udk&,f}} wJY/ NyD;awmY ...
]] udk ...}}
]] ajymav uav; ...}}
]] udkYudkav ...acsmu ...}}
]] bmjzpfvdkYvJ acsm ...ajymp&mSd&ifajymyg cspf&,f }}
]] udkYudk acsmu aomYusefcJYwJYaeYupNyD; cspfaewmvdkY ...}}
]] udkYxufawmY aemufuswmaygY ...udku 'Dtdrfudkajymif;vmumpuwnf;uav ...}}
]] vlqdk; ...tJ'Dwkef;u acsm i,fi,fav;Sdao;wmudk ...,kHudkr,kH&bl; }}
]] tckawmY ,kHygacsm&,f ...udk,fYb0wavQmufrSm acsm[m yxrajrmuf tcspfaemufqkH;ygyJ ...}}
]] oGm; ...olodyfcRJw,f }}
tJ'DaemufawmY olYtay:uaexyfNyD;aevdkuf&if; olYudkterf;rdk;awGGmcsvdkufw,f/ vufwzufuawmY
olYaygifMum;udkprf;vdkufw,f ...olu tvkdufwodeJY aygifav;udk[ay;w,f/ uRefawmfYrSmawmY toufSLESKef;awG
rrSefcsifawmY ...&ifxJrSmawmY ESvkH;om;wck[m ,rf;cgaeNyD/ olYudkMunfhvdkufawmY rsufvkH;av;awGrSdwfxm;w,f/
uRefawmfvnf; tcsdefodyfr,lawmYyJ vufnSKd;av;udk t0av;rSmawYNyD; ESKwfcrf;om;wavQmufyGwfay;vdkufw,f/
yGwf&if;yGwf&if;eJY wjznf;jznf;acsmvmwJYtcsdefusrS vufnSKd;udktzkwfav;xJzdoGif;vdkufw,f/
eH&HawGudkyGwfay;&if; txJrSm t&nfav;awGpkrdvmw,f ...tJ'DawmY vufcv,fudkyg ppfulac:vdkufNyD;
ESpfacsmif;yl;vdkufum tvkyfp awmYw,f/ vufESpfacsmif;yl;udk oGif;vdkufxkwfvdkufeJY
tBudrfw&mavmufvkyfay;vdkuftNyD;rSmawmY olYwudk,fvkH; wodrfYodrfYeJY .../ uRefawmfvnf;
tcsdefaumif;udka&mufNyDqdkNyD; uRefawmfY[mudk olYt0av;rSmawYvdkufw,f/ olu rsufvkH;av;zGifYMunfhNyD; ]]udk
acsmaMumufw,f}} vdkYajymawmY ...uRefawmfvnf; ]]udk acsmudk tnSmwmqkH; vkyfay;rSmyg}} vdkYajymvdkufNyD;
tzsm;av;eJY olYtuGJaMumif;av;wavQmufyGwfay;aevdkufw,f .../
cPaeawmY olYu ...]]udk&,f acsmudkoem;ygOD; ...txJu wtm;,m;vmNyD}} vdkYajymwmeJY uRefawmf
olYudkvkyfay;ae&mu cP&yfvdkufw,f/ olYudkwcsufMunfhNyD; ]]acsm udkoGif;vdkufawmYr,faemf}} vdkYajymvdkufawmY
]]udkY oabmygyJ}} qdkwmeJY olYt0av;rSm xdyfzsm;udkawYvdkufNyD; tomav;zdoGif;vdkufw,f/ vufESpfacsmif;yl;eJY

upm;ay;xm;wJY olYtzkwfav;uawmY uRefawmY'pfzsm;udkvufcHvdkufygw,f/ 'gayr,fY aSUqufwdk;zdkYvkyfawmY

olu ...
]] tm; ...udk ...uRwfuRwf emvdkufwmuGm ...}}
]] acsm&,f cPav;yJ onf;cHvdkufygaemf ...aumif;vmrSmyg }}
]] wu,f cPyJemrSmaemf ...rvdrfeJY ...}}
]] wu,fyguGm ...}} qdkNyD; olYESKwfcrf;av;udkukef;erf;vdkufw,f/ ESpfa,mufom; ESKwfcrf;csif;erf;? vQmcsif;
upm;MuNyD; wcsufrSmawmY cg;udkrodromMuGvdkufNyD; zdoGif;vdkufw,f .../ ol uRefawmfeJYerf;ae&muae
kwfw&uf wkefwufoGm;NyD; rsuf&nfav;awGpD;usvmw,f/ olY&JUrsuf&nfawGudkjrifawmY
uRefawmfoem;oGm;ayr,f aemufqkwf vdkYawmYvnf; rxl;awmYbl;av/ tJ'geJYyJ
rsuf&nfpawGudkvufeJYokwfay;vdkufNyD; tBuH&wmeJY EdkYav;udkpdkYvdkufw,f/ olY[mav;xJrSmawmY
usyfodyfaewmyJav ...EdkYpdkY&if;eJY txJrSmenf;enf;av;&oavmufyJ vSKyf&Sm;ay;vdkufawmY
t&nfav;awGpdrfYusvmw,f/ olYudkcGifYyefovdkMunfhNyD; cg;udkaemufenf;enf;qkwfNyD; aqmifYcsvdkufawmYw,f/
]] tm; ...t[ifY [ifY ...}}
atmfoHeJYtwl idkoHuygwcgwnf;vdkufvmw,f/ 'DuaumifrSmawmY acgif;awGylaeNyD ...bkd;awmfuvJ
Budrf;xm;wmudk ...jyemwuf&ifawmY 'kuyJvdkYawG;vdkufNyD; olYudkenf;enf;jyefacsmY&w,f .../
]] acsm ...}}
]] udk ...[ifY ...}}
]] wtm;emoGm;vm;[if ...udk,fawmif;yefygw,f acsm&,f pdwfrqdk;ygeJYaemf ...}}
]] emvdkufwm udk&,f udkajymawmY nSmnSmwmwmvkyfr,fqdk ...}}
]] cufwmyJ acsm&,f ...'DvdkrsKd;u yxrqkH;qdk&if emwwfw,f }}
]] NyD;a&m ...aemufxyfawmY remapeJYawmYaemf ...}}
]] pdwfcsyg cspf&,f ...acsmrsuf&nfawGu ukd,fYudk0rf;enf;apwwfw,f? acsm remap&bl; pdwfcs }}
[l; ...tJ'DawmYrSyJ olYESKwfcrf;av;udkpkyferf;vdkuf&if; ...EdkYav;udke,fay;vdkufw,f/ awmfao;w,f tajctaeu
ykHrSefjyefjzpfoGm;vdkY .../ wjznf;jznf;eJYyJ uRefawmfY[mudk olY[mav;xJrSm xnfhxm;&if; tomav;
ESJYay;aevdkufw,f/ tJvdkae&if;uae olvnf;wjznf;jznf;zDvifawGwufvmovdk txJrSm
enf;enf;acsmifvmw,f/ 'geJY uRefawmfvnf; olYudk wcsuftm;ay;ovdkNyKH;jyvdkuf&if; enf;enf;csif;qGJxkwfvdkuf
jyefoGif;vdkufeJY tvkyfpw,f/ ol tHav;udkBudwfxm;&if;uae NidrfcHaew,f ...Munfh&wm
olodyfremawmYbl;xifw,f/ cPaeawmY txJrSm t&nfav;awGu acsmarGUatmifulnDvmw,f/ uRefawmf
jznf;jznf;csif;vkyfae&mu tSdefenf;enf;`rSifYvdkufw,f/ olYqDuawmY nnf;oHav;awGMum;&w,f ...'gayr,fY
emvdkYatmfwmrsKd;r[kwfbl;av/ olYbufu rD;pdrf;jywmeJY uRefawmfvnf; qvif'g ypfpwif tufSifudk
tSdef`rSifYvdkufawmYw,f/
olYudkMunfh&wm wjznf;jznf;aumif;vmaeovdkyJ ...cg;av;udkvJ raumYwwfaumYwwfeJY aumYay;w,f/
oltaumY uRefawmftaqmifYeJYqkHawmY toHav;u w[if;[if;eJYxGufvmw,f/ ]]acsm udkaqmifYrSaumYay;aemf}}
vdkYajymvdkuf&if; olYESKwfcrf;av;udkerf;vdkuf&if; udk,fcsif;yguyfxm;vdkufw,f/ tom;csif;xdawGUrSKu pdwfawGudk
ydkNyD;wufMuGvmapw,f/ olUay:rSmarSmufNyD; olYESKwfcrf;av;udkerf;&if;eJYyJ cg;av;udkMuGMuGNyD;aqmifYay;vdkufawmY
olYuvnf; atmufuaezufxm;&if;u rGwfodyfpGmeJYwkefYjyefw,f/ olYEdkYav;awGu uRefawmfY&ifbwfatmufrSm
ydjym;ae&if;eJY El;nHhwJYtxdtawGUudkvnf;ay;aeao;w,f/ uRefawmfYudk,fu olYudk,fay:uuGmoGm;rSm pdk;&drfaewJY
twdkif;yJ ol&JUajcESpfacsmif;eJY uRefawmfYcg;udkqGJcsdwfxm;vdkufao;w,f/ tJ'geJY ...
]] acsmuvnf;uGm enf;enf;avQmYygOD; }}
]] tif bmjzpfvdkYvJ ...}} ESmoHav;eJYajymawmY ...
]] acsmu wtm;zufxm;awmY udk,fu tm;b,fSdawmYrvJ ...}}
]] aMomf ...tif; 'Dvdkvm; ...}}
tJ'DawmYrSyJ uRefawmfYrSm vGwfvGwfvyfvyfaqmifYEdkifawmYw,f/ uRefawmfaqmifYaqmifYcsvdkufwkdif; arGU,mu
jyefNyD; yifYwifay;xm;awmY olvnf;aumY&wmtm;SdNyD; cHvdkYaumif;aew,f/ toufudkatmifYxm;&if; olYudk

wwforQrSwforQenf;vrf;awGeJY vkyfay;aew,f ...wcsufrSm zduyfxm;&if;uae txJudk paum0kdif;

0dkif;ay;vdkufawmY olYvufawGu uRefawmfYausmjyifudk ukwfjcpfvmw,f/ uRefawmfvnf; pdwfawGykdxefvmNyD;
olYudk tm;&yg;&aqmifYay;vdkufawmY olYqDu armoH? nnf;oHav;awGxGufay:vmawmYw,f/
tHBudwfxm;NyD;awmY aumYay;aeayr,fY olYtoGifu tenf;i,fEGrf;vsvmw,f/ aemufxyf
tcsufig;q,favmufaqmifYtNyD;rSmawmY olu ]]udk udk acsm ...pdwfxJrSmwrsKd;BuD;yJ ...aqmifYyg ...tm; ...}} qdkNyD;
atmufuaeaumYay;ae&if;u qwfueJwcsufwkefoGm;NyD;aemufrSmawmY rvSKyfr,SufNidrfoufoGm;ygawmYw,f/
olNyD;oGm;rSef; uRefawmfodwmeJY uRefawmfvnf; tm;&yg;&aqmifYoGif;vdkufawmYw,f/ oluawmY
ESKwfcrf;csif;erf;ae&if;yJ uRefawmfYausmudkvnf; yGwfay;aew,f/ aqmifYae&if;eJYMumvmwmeJYtrQ
uRefawmfY[mxJrSm usOfwufvmovdk? w'dwf'dwfckefvmovdkeJY aemufqkH;wcsuf tm;ukeftaqmifYrSmawmY
SdorQt&nfawG[m olY[mav;xJudk yef;xGufukefawmYw,f/ tJ'Dvdk xGufoGm;wmeJY ukefoGm;atmifapmifYvdkufNyD;
olUxJuaexkwfum ab;csif;,SOfvsufvSJcsvdkufawmYw,f/ awmfao;w,f ...aemufrSod&wmu
ol&moDvmNyD;wm ESpf&ufyJSdao;w,fwJY/ uRefawmfvnf; naerapmif;cif waMumif;xyfarmif;NyD;rS
vlrjrifatmif olYtdrfudkvdkufydkYvdkufygawmYw,f/
cGJcGmjcif;rSwfwdkif
2005 ckESpf&JU ZGefv tpOD;ydkif;rSmaygY ...puFmyluwJY ...olYtpfr0rf;uGJwa,mufu vSrf;ac:vdkY ausmif;wufzdkY
oGm;&awmYr,fwJY ...uRefawmfbmvkyf&rvJ ...ajcrudkifrd vufrudkifrdjzpfoGm;awmYw,f/ oluvJ
uRefawmfeJYawGUwkdif; ikdaewmcsnf;yJ ...tJvdkqdkawmY olYtdrfuvnf; &dyfrdaeNyDaygYAsm .../
waeYawmY olYtaru uRefawmfYudkac:ajymw,f ...pmtkyfBuD;twdkif;ygyJ .../
]] om;a& rif;nDruawmY wcsdefvkH;tcef;yJatmif;aewmyJuG,f? enf;enf;yg;yg;acsmYvdkufygOD; }}
]] [kwfuJY tefwD }}
]] at;uG,f tJ'gu t"dujyemr[kwfbl; ...tck olu puFmylroGm;csifbl; vkyfaew,fav }}
]] ...}}
]] tif; om;wdkYtaMumif;vnf; tefwDodNyD;NyD ...uefYuGufp&mvnf;rSdygbl;? 'gayr,fY tckvdkrsKd;BuD;
udk,fYb0twGuf wufvrf;udkaG;zdkYudpxuf wjcm;bmu ta&;BuD;OD;rSmvJ ...rif;nDrudk ajymygOD;uG,f }}
uRefawmfvnf; acgif;udk av;av;yifyifndwfvdkufNyD; olYtcef;xJudk0ifoGm;awmY ...ckwifay:rSm idkaewJY
olYudkawGUvdkuf&w,f/ uRefawmf0ifvmwmodawmY wcsufarmYMunfhw,f ...idkaeNrJygyJ ...uRefawmfvnf;
bmajym&rSef;rodatmifjzpfoGm;w,f/ olYckwifab;rSm ukvm;xdkifwvkH;qGJNyD;xdkifvdkufw,f/ t&ifutNrJvdk
Tifvef; aewwfwJY olYrsufESmav;[m tckawmY rsuf&nfawGeJY nSKd;EGrf;aew,f/ rsufvkH;av;awGuvnf;rdkYvdkY
...uRefawmfY &ifxJrSmvnf; ylavmifaeNyDAsm ...rdef;uav;omqdk uRefawmfvnf;idkrdrSmyJ/ cufw,f acsm&,f
...rif;eJYudk,f rywfoufcJYrd&if b,favmufaumif;vdkufrvJ .../ tawG;pawGeJY vGifYarsmNyD;rS uRefawmfYvufrSm
aEG;ueJ jzpfoGm;w,f/ uRefawmfYvufudkudkifxm;&if; tm;ay;ovdkwcsufnSpfw,f ...olYudk,fav;udkqGJ,lvdkufNyD;
ckwifay: wufxdkifvdkufawmY oluvnf; jyefzufxm;w,f .../ rsuf&nfawGudk vufzrdk;eJYokwfay;vdkufNyD;
qHyifav;awGudk erf;vdkufw,f/
avmuBuD;rSm cGJcGmjcif;qdkwJYpum;vkH;eJY tjzpftysufawG rSd&ifaumif;rSmyJav .../
bmpum;rSrajymyJ tMumBuD;NidrfaerdMuw,f ...NyD;rS 0&efwmudkxGufcJYNyD; naeapmif; qef;qufudk Munfh&if;
pum;awGpajymjzpfMuw,f/ 'D ae0ifcsdefav;[m oleJYuRefawmfYb0&JU tcspfqdkwJY oHa,mZOfqdkwJY ae
0ifoGm;awmYrSmr,fY edrdwfykHvm; ...pdwfudkwif;xm;&if; ...olYvufuav;udkqkyfudkif&if;eJY ...
]] acsm }}
]] udk ajymav ...}}
]] udk,fwdkY cspfcJYMuwm q,fvavmufSdawmYr,faemf }}
]] tif; [kwfw,fav ...bmjzpfvdkYvJ }}

]] udk,fwdkYESpfa,muftaeeJY tJ'Dq,fvqdkwJYtcsdefudk woufvdkYrSwf&awmYr,fxifw,f }}

]] bmajymwmvJ [if ...}} (ta&;xJ a0;vdkufwm)
]] aSUqufNyD;awmY udk,fwdkYtckvdk aeEdkifMuOD;rvm; ...acsm&,f ...pOf;pm;rdwdkif; idkcsifw,f/ udk,fawmY wcgrS
'Dvdka0;Mu&zdkYqdkNyD; rpOf;pm;cJYzl;bl; ...tckawmY udk,ftaMumufqkH; cGJcGmjcif;qdkwJYt&mu jzpfvmawmYr,f/
udk,fwdkY b,fvdkvkyf&rSmvJ acsm&,f ...[if ajzygOD; }}
]] tdk ...bmyJjzpfjzpf acsmawmYroGm;bl; ...tdrfuqif;qdkvnf; qif;kHyJ ...}}
]] ...}}
]] udk,f owdSdw,fr[kwfvm; ...acsmeJYwlwl b0wckudkwnfaqmufzdkYav ...}}
]] rjzpfbl; acsm ...rjzpfbl;? tcktcsdefrSm owdxuf todOmPfuydkNyD; ta&;BuD;w,f ...uJ tck wdkYESpfa,muf
b0wckudkwnfaqmufygNyDwJY ...acsmu i,fao;w,f? udk,fuvnf; tvkyfqdkvdkYjyp&mrSdbl;/ udk,fwwfwJY
uGefysLwmtvkyfav;vkyfNyD;&wJY0ifaiGeJY bmkyfrSaygufrSmr[kwfbl; }}
]] acsmvnf; tvkyfvkyfrSmaygY ...}}
]] rrdkufygeJYacsm&,f ...ynmwydkif;wpeJY qif;&JcsKdUwJYwJYb0wckjzpfvmrSmyJ ...wlESpfudk,f wJtdkysufrSm ae&ae&
qdkwJYpum;[m aS;wkef;uawmY tqifajycsifajyvdrfYr,f/ 'DacwfBuD;xJrSmawmY ...uJyg acsm&,f udk,fwdkY
taetxm;t&a&m rdbawGudkvGefqefEdkifvdkYvm; ...taumif;qkH;uawmY acsmoGm;vdkufyg ...udk,f acsmudk
opmSdSdeJYapmifYaerSmyg ...}}
]] udk&,f acsmwdkYcGJzdkYrajymeJY awG;Munfhwmawmif wtm;cHpm;&w,f/ wu,fwrf;us&ifaum cHEdkif&nfSd ygYrvm;
...ra0;csifbl; udk }}
]] ESvkH;om;&JUtvdkudk vdkufvGef;&if OD;aESmufuif;rJYwwfw,f ...udk,fwdkYESpfa,muftNrJwrf;eD;&zdkY 'DcPudk
onf;cHMu&rSmyJav ...}}
]] udkYqEtwdkif;jzpfatmif acsmBuKd;pm;ygYr,f udk&,f [ifY ...}}
tJvdkeJY idkjyefa&m ...uRefawmfvnf; acsmYvdkYudkrqkH;awmYbl; .../ cPaeawmY arSmifpysKd;vmwmeJY tdrfjyefvmcJYw,f
.../
tdrfa&mufawmY bdk;awmfuqD;BuKdw,f .../
]] b,fvdkvJ a[Yaumif rif;tonf;uGJzdkYjyifxm;NyD;NyDvm; }}
]] av;av;uvJ ...pdwfnpf&wJYtxJ }}
]] bmrSpOf;pm;raeeJY ...Mumvm&if tenfxdkifoGm;rSmyg ...ppcsif;awmY cH&rSmaygY ...uJ uJ oGm; em;vdkufOD; }}
]] [kwf }}
tJ'Dnu bdk;awmfeJY0dkif;vdkuf&if; pdwfnpfnpfeJYaomufvdkufwm tHzwfawmifqkdYw,f/ reufrxEdkif? aeYcif;
acgif;udkufvdkYjyeftdyf ...tJvdkeJY okH;em&DausmfavmufvJSda&m ...zkef;0ifvmw,f/
]] [Jvdk udk vm; ...}}
]] tif; ajymav }}
]] bmjzpfaewmvJ toHuwrsKd;yJ aeraumif;bl;vm; }}
]] tif; acgif;udkufaevdkY ...}}
]] tif; tJ'gqdk wHcg;zGifYxm;vdkuf? acsmvmcJYr,f ...}}
wHcg;zGifYxm;NyD; ckwifay:rSmjyefvSJaevdkufw,f/ cPaeawmY ola&mufvmNyD; ESdyfay;? aumfzDazsmfwdkuf?
ezl;ay:a&cJwifay;eJY vufrvnfatmifjyKpkaew,f/ olY&JUt,kt,awGatmufrSm MunfEl;ae&if;eJY cGJ&rJYtaMumif;
awG;rdvdkufawmY &ifxJrSmrGef;usyfoGm;w,f .../
]] [if udk rsuf&nfawGeJYygvm; ...acgif;udkufvdkYvm; [if }}
owdawmifrxm;rdvdkufbl; ...rsuf&nfawG b,fvdkusaerSef;rodbl; ...olYudk [kwfw,fvdkYyJ ajym&if;eJY
rsufpdrSdwfxm;vdkufw,f/ oluawmY rodSmbl; ...*kwpdkufeJYyJjyKpkaew,f/ naeavmufusrS jyefoGm;w,f?
jyefumeD; ...]]reufjzef avQmufvnfMur,f}} vdkYajymNyD;rS jyefoGm;w,f/ uRefawmfuawmY cGJ&r,fYtaMumif;udk
awG;&if; &ifxJrSmqdkYvmw,f .../

olYtdrfuvJodNyD;NyDqdkawmY bmrStaESmifYt,SufrSdbl;aygYav ...olwdkYum;udk,lNyD; ESpfa,mufom;

uefabmifbufxGufcJYMuw,f/ oluawmY ab;uae pum;wwGwfwGwfeJY ...xkH;pHtwdkif;yJ/ uRefawmfuawmY
aSUavQmufb,fvdkae&r,fqdkwmawG;&if; ESKwfqdwfaerdw,f/ 'DvdkeJYarmif;vm&if; vSnf;wef;rSmrD;yGKdifYrdw,f/
olu uRefawmfYyckH;ay: acgif;av;rSDvdkufNyD; vufwzufeJYuRefawmfYvufudkvSrf;udkifw,f/ NyD;awmY ...
]] udk ...bmawGawG;aewmvJ [if }}
]] 'DvdkygyJuGm ...}}
]] tJvdkBuD;raeygeJYudk&,f ...udkyJ acsmudk b0twGufBuKd;pm;oifYw,fqdk ...}}
]] [if; ...[kwfygw,f acsm&,f ...OD;aESmuf&JUqEudk ESvkH;om;ub,fvdkcH,l&rSef;rodawmY ...}}
]] uJyg udk&m ...twlwlaezdkYtcsdefu odyfrusefawmYbl; ...aemufvqdkoGm;&awmYrSm/ 'Dtcsdefav;rSm acsmeJYudk
aysmfaysmfTifTifaeMu&atmifaemf ...}}
]] [kwfuJY rr }}
rD;pdrf;oGm;awmY um;udkarmif;xGufcJY&if; tif;vsm;vrf;xJcsKd;0ifvdkufw,f/ um;udk&yfxm;vdkufNyD; ab;u
tat;qdkifwqdkifxJ0ifcJYMuw,f/ tat;qdkifrSmxdkif&if; aSUquf&r,fYb0twGuf
ESpfa,mufom;aqG;aEG;Muw,f/ qHyifav;oyfvdkuf? yg;av;erf;vdkufeJYyJ tcsdefukefcJYMuw,f/ 'DtcsdefrSm
olYtay:r[kwfwJYpdwfawGvnf; rxm;csif awmYygbl;av/ naeapmif;rS xjyefcJYMuw,f/
acsm&,f ...udk,fwdkYMum;u oHa,mZOfBuKd;awGudk b,favmuftxdrsm;qefYxkwfEdkifrvJ rodbl;/ tJ'D BuKd;awG
b,fawmYrSjywfroGm;ygapeJYvdkY udk,fuawmY tNrJqkawmif;aer,f .../
tJ'DvdkeJY omrefaexdkifjcif;awGeJY aecJYMuNyD; uRefawmfYtwGuf 0rf;enf;p&maeYwaeYudka&mufzdkYeD;vmcJYNyD/ 'DaeY
paeaeY ...aeYvnfzuf tcef;xJrSm *pfwmxdkifwD;ae&if;eJY tonf;uGJoDcsif;awGudkyJqdkaerdw,f/ tJ'Dwkef;
zkef;jrnfvmw,f/ tdrfaSUrSm bdk;awmfuudkifvdkufNyD; toHxyfxGufrvmawmY
olYtodyJxifw,fqdkNyD;aevdkufw,f/ cPaerS bdk;awmfu ]]a[Yaumif rif;eJYajymrvdkY}} qdkNyD;ajymw,f/
tem;uzkef;udkudkifvdkufawmY ...
]] udk ...}}
]] acsm ...av;av;eJYbmawGajymaewmvJ }}
]] aMomf olu acsmb,fawmYoGm;rvJ ar;aewm ...}}
]] reufjzefr[kwfvm; ...udkawmY 'DtaMumif;awG[m tdyfrufqdk b,favmufaumif;rvJvdkY wcgwcg
awG;Munfhrdw,f }}
]] b,fwwfEdkifrvJ udk&,f ...aMomf 'geJY acsmudk ESKwfrqufawmYbl;aygYav }}
]] udk acsmudk b,fawmYrS ESKwfrqufbl; ...vrf;rcGJbl; ...bmjzpfvdkYvJqdkawmY acsm[m udkYtwGuf OD;aESmufeJYa&m
ESvkH;om;eJYyg cspfcJY&wJYrdef;uav;rdkYyJ ...}}
]] udkuvJ ...cHpm;csufawGjyif;aejyefNyD ...ck tm;vm; [if }}
]] tm;ygw,f bmvkyfay;&rvJ }}
]] avQmufoGm;&atmifuGm ...aemf }}
]] aumif;NyDav ...udk tckqif;vmcJYr,f }}
atmufqif;vmNyD; bJvfwD;vdkufawmY oluwHcg;zGifYNyD;xGufvmw,f/ oGm;r,fvdkYqdkNyD; uRefawmfYvufudk
qGJNyD;atmufqif;oGm;w,f/ wdkufatmufa&mufawmY ....
]] udk b,foGm;rvJ [if }}
]] at;at;aq;aq; atdk;rm;rSm xdkifMu&atmif }}
]] oGm;av udk }}
tJvdkeJY '*kHpifwmudk um;iSm;NyD;xGufvmcJYw,f/ vrf;rSm bmpum;rSrajymjzpfMubl; ...tJvdkeJY '*kHpifwm
a&mufawmY yxrxyfudkwufcJYMuw,f/ atdk;rm;rSmxdkif aumfzDrSm pum;awGajymeJY tJ'DtcsdefawGudk tckcsdeftxd
jyefjrifa,mifrdaewkef;yJ ...aemufNyD; oluolU&JUvufpGyfav;udkcRwfNyD; uRefawmfYvufxJudkxnfhw,f/
]] udk rjiif;&bl;aemf ...}}
]] acsmuvJuGm tdrfubmajymrvJ }}

]] bmajymajymuGm acsmudkcspfw,fqdk&if odrf;xm;ay; aemf }}

uRefawmfvnf; rajymomawmYyJ ,lxm;vdkuf&w,f/ olYudkMunfhvdkufawmY bmawGawG;aevJrodbl;/ cPaeawmY
oGm;&atmifqdkwmeJY olYaemufvdkufvmcJYw,f/ aemuf "gwfykHoGm;dkufw,f ...ESpfykHpDul;NyD; oleJY
uRefawmfa0,lMuw,f/ NyD;awmY olu uRefawmfYudk ...
]] udk 'Dem;wdk; ...}}
]] tif; bmvdkYvJ }}
]] tem;uyfprf;yg }} qdkNyD; em;em;udkuyfNyD; wkd;wdk;av;ajymw,f .../
]]ESpfa,mufxJ at;at;aq;aq; ae&atmif }} wJY .../
uRefawmf tusyfdkufoGm;w,f/ [kwfw,f ...'D&ufydkif;rSyJ vlu a&cef;aew,f/ olYudk ydkufqHenf;aewJY
taMumif;ajymvdkufawmY ...]]acsmrSmygw,f}} qdkwmeJY GmrauGUem;u aq;vfAm;rGef;udkac:vmcJYw,f/
tJ'DvJa&mufa&m aumifwmudkoGm;? tcef; csufcftifvkyfNyD; tay:wufcJYMuw,f/ tcef;xJa&mufawmY
ckwifay:rSm ESpfa,mufom;xdkifvdkufMuw,f/ bmrSrajymjzpfMuyJ tawmfMumatmifxkdifaerdMuw,f/ tcef;xJrSm
w'D'DjrnfaewJY tJ&fuGef;oHuvGJvdkY wjcm;bmoHrSrSdfyJ wdwfqdwfaew,f/ olYudkMunfhvdkufawmY enf;enf;csrf;ae
ovdkyJ ...tJ'geJY ]]acsm csrf;aevm[if}} vdkYar;vdkufawmY olu ]]&ygw,f}}wJY/ 'gayr,fY tJ&fuGef;udkavQmYvdkufNyD;
olYudk tomt,mzufxm;vdkufw,f/ aEG;axG;wJYtxdtawGUawGeJYtwl &ifckefoHawGvnf; jrefvmw,f/
]] cspfw,f acsm&,f ...}}
]] twlwlygyJ udk&,f ...}}
]] tNrJwrf; 'Dvdk aecsifwmyJuGm }}
]] waeYusjzpfvmrSmyguGm aemf ...}}
]] udk qkawmif;aeygYr,f }}
]] aMomf ...udk 'geJY acsmudkESKwfqufterf;av;awmif rerf;awmYbl;vm; ...}}
]] tif;aygYav ... udk eufjzefawmY acsmudkvdkufrydkYawmYbl;aemf ...ESpfa,mufpvkH;twGuf cufcJae vdrfYr,f }}
]] udkYoabmyg udk&,f }}
'DvdkeJY olYESKwfcrf;av;udkpkyf,lvdkufawmY tvdkufoifYyJwkefYjyefw,f/ olYvufawGu EG,fawGudk uRefawmfYudk
&pfywfvmw,f ...NyD;awmY a&iwfaewJYolvdk uRefawmfYESKwfcrf;awGudk tirf;r&erf;w,f/ &ifxJrSmawmY
bm&,fvdkY azmfjyEdkifpGrf;rSdwJY cHpm;rSKawGu ajAmif;qefaeNyD/ uRefawmfYvQmudk olYvQmav;eJYvSrf;csdwfvdkufNyD;
ausmav;udk yGwfay;vdkufawmY olYwudk,fvkH;wkefoGm;wmudk cHpm;rdvdkufw,f/ tJ'DaemufawmY
atmufudkprf;&if;wjznf;jznf; qif;vmcJYNyD; olYwifyg;av;ay:udk vufwifvkdufw,f/ aEG;axG;NyD;
tdpufaewJYcHpm;rSKu vufacsmif;awGqDudk a&mufvmw,f/ yGwfay;aevdkufawmY olYqDutoufSLoHawG
jyif;xefvmwmudkMum;&w,f/ &ifcsif;tyfxm;&mu oludk,fav;udk tenf;i,fcGmvdkufNyD;
yckH;av;udkvufESpfzufeJYudkifvdkufw,f/ aemuf vufarmif;av;awGudk vSrf;udkifNyD; yGwfay;aerdw,f/
aSUqufzdkYpOf;pm;vdkufwJYtcsdefrSm acgif;xJudktawG;wcka&mufvmw,f/ 'Dvdktcsdef olYudk pdwfvGwfudk,fvGwf
cspfvdkuf&if oifYawmfygYrvm;vdkY ...tJvdkpOf;pm;rdawmY uRefawmfYvSKyfSm;rSKawGtm;vkH; &yfoGm;w,f/ cPaeawmY
olu ]]udk bmjzpfvdkYvJ}} vdkYar;vdkufawmY ]]bmrSr[kwfygbl;uGm}} vdkYajymvdkufw,f/ tJ'DrSmolu ...
]] udk,f bmjzpfoGm;vJ acsmodw,fqdk,kHrvm; }}
]] ...}}
]] [kwfw,f ...udk,f 'DvdktajctaersKd;rSm rjywfrom;jzpfaew,fqdkwm acsmodw,f ... acsm udkYudk wckajymr,f/
tcktcsdef[m acsmeJYudkYtwGuf wefzdk;SdwJYtcsdef? acsmwdkY twdwf? tem*wf bmudkrSrawG;yJ tckaewJY
ypKyeftaMumif;udkyJ awG;Mu&atmifaemf ...udkYoabmtwdkif;ygyJ? acsm uawmY udkYudktjypfrwifygbl; }}
]] acsm&,f ...}} vdkY wcGef;yJajymEdkifawmYw,f/ olYoabmxm;awGuvnf; rSefygw,f ...'gayr,fY pdwfxJrSm
tiftm;ESpfcku NyKdifqdkifaeMuw,f/ aemufqkH;awmY acsmajymwmawGudkyJ oabmwlvdkufygawmYw,f/ olYudk
&ifcGifxJqGJoGif;vdkufNyD; rsufESmav;udkqGJvSnfhNyD; ESKwfcrf;csif;qufrdMuw,f/ olYrsufESmav;wckvkH;udk uRefawmf
ae&mrvyfatmif terf;rdk;awGGmcsaerdw,f/ &ifxJrSmvnf; tiftm;wcku wGef;tm;ay;aeovdkyJ ...olY&JU
vnfwdkifav;udkerf;vdkufawmY rsufvkH;av;awGu pif;usoGm;w,f/ aemufawmY vufawGu uRefawmfYudk

a&epfolvdk zufwG,fxm;w,f ...vGwfxGufoGm;rSmusaewmyJ/

uRefawmf rsufESmudk ae&maTUcJY&if; olY&ifay:udka&mufawmY cPav;arS;pufaevdkufw,f/ El;nHhayr,fY
kef;jyefowdSdwJY olY&JUEdkYav;awGu uRefawmfYrsufESmudk wGef;wifay;xm;w,f/ aemufawmY udk,fudkjyefMuGvdkufNyD;
olYbavmufpfu Mu,foD;awGudk wvkH;csif;jzKwfvdkufw,f ...olu vufuav;awGudk ab;rScsxm;ay;w,f/
Mu,foD;tm;vkH;vJ jyKwfoGm;a&m uRefawmftNrJwrf;wyfrufcJYwJY 0if;0gwJYudk,fvkH;av;udkjrif&w,f/ rsufESmudk
atmufESdrfYcsvdkufawmY olY&JUtqDydkrSdwJYAdkufom;av;ay:rSm arG;nif;EkEkav;awGu pdrf;aewmudkawGUvdkuf&w,f/
b&mudkrcRwfao;yJ &ifnGefYuae cg;av;txd tpkeftqeferf;ay;vdkufawmY
aiGqnf;vnf;oHav;awGMum;&w,f/ csufav;xJudk vQmzsm;av;eJYwdkYvdkufawmY ]],m;w,f ...tmh ...udkaemf ...}}
vdkYajymwmeJY rsufESmudkjyefarmYNyD; olY&JUEdkYav;awGudk b&may:uae erf;vdkufw,f/
NyD;awmYrS vufudk b&matmufxdk;oGif;vdkufNyD; tay:udkwGef;wifvdkufw,f/ oluawmY rsufvkH;av;awG
rSdwfxm;NyD; uRefawmfYtudkiftwG,fawGatmufrSm epfarsmaew,f/ 0if;0gNyD; tcsKd;usvSywJYEdkYav;awGxdyfrSmawmY
yef;&ifYa&miftuGufav;ESpfuGuf? xdyfrSmawmY EdkYoD;acgif;av;awGu ouf0ifvSKyfSm;aeNyD/ tJ'geJY vQmzsm;av;udk
okH;NyD; tomav;xdvdkufw,f? NyD;awmY ESKwfcrf;eJYtomav;ikHvkdufw,f/
tJ'DtcgrS rsufvkH;av;awGzGifYMunfhNyD; rl;arYoGm;EdkifavmufwJY tNyKH;wckudk zefqif;w,f/ olYtNyKH;av;u
uRefawmfYpdwfxJudk0ifNyD; vSKdif;awGcwfvdkufovdkyJ ...acsm&,f bmaMumifYrsm; wdkYawGcGJcGmMu&rSmvJ/ t"dyg,fa&m
SdygYrvm; ...taeawGeD;cJYvdkY a0;Mu&rSmvm;vdkY awG;rdw,f/ tif;av bmyJjzpfjzpf acsmajymxm;ovdk vufSd
tajctaeudkyJ awG;&rSmaygYavvdkY udk,fYudk,fudktm;ay;&if; olYEdkYav;udk jyefNyD;pkyf,lvdkufw,f/ wjznfjznf;csif;
yg;pyfxJudk0ifoavmuf ikHvdkufw,f/ vufawGuvnf; olYaygifav;awGudkyGwfay;aew,f/ EdkYoD;acgif;av;udk
oGm;eJY rematmifudkufvdkufawmY olYqDu w[if;[if;eJYtoHawGxGufvmw,f/ tJ'DtoHawGuyJ uRefawmfYudk
ydkNyD;wufMuGapw,f/ olYabmif;bDay:uaeyGwfay;ae&if; tm;rvdktm;r&jzpfvmawmeJY olYabmif;bDudk csdwfjzKwf
vdkufNyD; ZpfudkqGJcsvkdufw,f/ aemuf atmufudkavQmcsvdkufawmY olu wifyg;awGudka`rSmufay;w,f/
uRefawmfvJ ajcaxmufuaeNyD; abmif;bDudkqGJcRwfNyD; ajc&if;bufudkydkYxm;vdkufw,f/
olYudk,fay:rSm t0wftpm;qdkvdkY yifwDjzLjzLav;wxnfyJSdawmYw,f/ olYab;rSm0ifvSJvdkufawmY oluxNyD;
uRefawmfYt0wftpm;awGudkcRwfay;w,f/ yxr wDSyfudkcRwfay;? aemuf abmif;bDudk
jznf;jznf;csif;cRwfay;w,f/ tJvdkeJY uRefawmfYrSmvnf; abmif;bDav;yJSdawmYw,f/ olu uRefawmfY&ifcGifxJukd
wdk;0ifvdkufNyD; vufawGu uRefawmfYudk,fudkyGwfoyfvmw,f/ tom;csif;xdawGUae&vdkY &ifckefESKef;awGydkjrefvmNyD;
pdwfawGvnf;MuGvmw,f/ tJ'geJY olYyifwDav;udkvdyfNyD; atmufudkqGJcRwfvdkufw,f/
olY[mav;udkvSrf;udkifMunfhvdkufawmY t&nfaEG;aEG;av; wcsKdUudkprf;rdw,f/ aygifav;udkqGJum;vdkufNyD;
*smzdkYjyifvdkufawmY oluajymw,f/
]] udk aeOD;av }}
]] tif bmvkyfrvdkYvJ }}
]] udk,fYudk acsmut&ifvkyfay;rvdkYyg }}
]] tJ'gawGaMumifY cspf&wm ...aemf }}
]] awmfyg uJ ...'Dudkvm ...}}
olYaSUudkwdk;oGm;vdkufawmY oluuRefawmfYabmif;bDav;udk qGJcRwfvdkufw,f/ txdef;tuGyfrJYoGm;wJY
uRefawmfY[mu twefi,fwif;rmaeygNyD ...olu vufuav;eJYzrf;udkifvdkufw,f/ aemuf olY&JUvufuav;awGeJY
ta&jym;ukdqGJcsNyD; xdyfudkazmfvdkufw,f ...NyD; uRefawmfYudkwcsufarmfYMunfhNyD; ESKwfcrf;av;awGudk0kdif;xm;vdkufNyD;
xdyfudkikHvdkufawmYw,f/ tmaiGUaEG;aEG;atmufrSm uRefawmfY[mu rwfueJjzpfoGm;w,f/ oluawmY yg;pyfxJudk
0ifEdkiforQ0ifatmif oGif;vdkufw,f ...NyD;awmY acgif;uav;udkMuGvdkuf jyefcsvdkufeJYvSKyfSm;ay;awmYw,f/
acgif;av;u vSKyfSm;aewmeJYtrQ uRefawmfvnf; taMumawG wjznf;jznf;pdrfYvmw,f/ 'DMum;xJ
oluvQmav;eJY 'pfzsm;udk yg;pyfxJrSmyJ vsufay;ao;w,f/ cPaeawmY uRefawmfYiyJu
wqwfqwfwkefvmw,f/ tJ'geJY olYudk
]] tm; acsm ...acsm cP&yfygOD; }}
]] bmjzpfvdkYvJ udk raumif;vdkYvm; }}

]] r[kwfbl;av udkvnf;acsmudk vkyfay;OD;r,fav }}

]] [m udkuvJ acsmuvnf; vkyfay;csifao;wmudk }}
]] &w,f udkjyr,f 'DvdkvSnfhvdkuf }} qdkNyD; oleJYuRefawmf qpfpwDEdkif;ykHae&m,lvdkufMuw,f/ tJ'DawmYrS
oloabmaygufoGm;NyD; qufNyD;rSKwfay;w,f/ uRefawmfvnf; olY&JUt0av;udkvufeJYyGwfay;vdkufNyD;
vufnSKd;av;udk tpdav;ay:zdvdkufawmY olYwudk,fvkH;wkefwufoGm;w,f/ vufnSKd;udk
txkwftoGif;vkyfae&if;uae auG;vdkufawmY olYtxJuae t&nfav;awGutjyifudkygvmw,f/ uRefawmfvnf;
raeEdkifwmeJY t&nfav;awGudk vQmeJYvsufay; vdkufw,f/ NyD;awmY olY&JUESKwfcrf;om;yef;a&mifav;awG&,f?
rmaewJYtpdav;&,f ...NyD; tuGJaMumif;wavQmuf vQmeJYodrf;vsufay;vdkufw,f/ uRefawmfYudkrSKwfay;ae&muae
w[if;[if;toHu yvkH;yaxG;eJYxGufvmawmYw,f/ tuGJaMumif;av;udkvQmapmif;eJYwdkufvdkufawmY
olraeEdkifawmYyJ usifw,fqdkNyD;xajymw,f/ uRefawmfvnf; taetxm;wckudkawmYa&mufNyDqdkNyD;
xxdkifvdkufawmY olujyefwGef;vSJvdkufNyD; uRefawmfY[may:rSm olY[mav;udk awYvdkufw,f/ aemuf
wjznf;jznf;csif;0ifatmif zdNyD;oGif;vdkufw,f/ ppcsif;wkef;uvdk twif;roGif;&ayr,fY awmfawmfBuD;udk usyfqJyJ
...olu cg;tm;udkokH;NyD;zdxdkifcsawmY uRefawmfvnf;atmufuae jyefulnDvdkufw,f/ aemufqkH;awmY
ESpfa,muftwlBuKd;pm;rSK[m atmifjrifoGm;ygawmYw,f/ t&if;xdatmif0ifoGm;awmY olYrsufESmav;
SKHUrJYaewmudkawGU&w,f ...cPaerS oluwjznf;jznf;MuGNyD; paqmifYawmYw,f/
olu tay:uaeaqmifYcsvdkufawmY uRefawmfY[mu txJrSmwckkckxdk;rdovdkjzpfNyD;usifwufoGm;w,f/ olvnf;
rsufESmav;rJYoGm;w,f ...'gayr,fY &vdkufwJYt&omu ydkaumif;aeawmY MumvmwmeJYtrQ usifwm
aysmufoGm;w,f/ oluaqmifYtcsrSm uRefawmfuaumYay;vdkufawmY xdcsufawGuydkNyD;aumif;vmw,f/ 'DvdkeJY
ESpfa,mufom; pnf;csufnDnDeJY toGif;txkwfvkyfaeMuw,f/
olaqmifYcsvdkufwdkif; azmfjyvdkYr&wJYt&omuvTrf;rdk;aew,f ...olvnf; 'DvdkaerSmygyJ/ aemufawmY
ESpfa,mufpvkH;qDu armoHawG nnf;oHawG tm;wif;oHawGxGufvmawmYw,f/ tJ&fuGef;cef;xJrSmqdkayr,fY
acR;awGpdkYaew,f ...olYrsufESmav;udkarmfYMunfhvdkufawmY rsufvkH;av;rSdwfNyD; aqmifYaew,f/ uRefawmfvnf;
olYEdkYav;awGudkudkifNyD; e,fvdkuf? cg;av;udkudkifNyD;tm;jyKay;vdkufeJY tcef;xJrSm
wzwfzwftoHuvTrf;rdk;xm;w,f/aemufawmY olvnf;anmif;vmw,fxifw,faqmifYcsufawGaES;vmw,f/
tJ'geJYolYudk ab;udkqif;cdkif;vdkufawmY rjiif;bl; ...NyD;awmY olYudkab;apmif;tdyfcdkif;NyD; aygifav;udkMuGcdkif;NyD;
uRefawmfYaygifESpfzufMum;xnfhvdkufNyD; waygifausmf taetxm;udkjyifqifvdkufw,f/ tay:wzufudkawmY
aemufudkauG;cdkif;NyD; vufwzufeJYxdef;xm; vdkufw,f/
olYudktem;ay;NyD; uRefawmfuyJcyfoGufoGufvSKyfSm;vdkufw,f ...ckeu tajymif;taTUrSmavsmYoGm;wJY
t&omawGu aqmifY&if;aqmifY&if;eJYjyefwufvmygNyD/ uRefawmfodyfxnfhvdkufwdkif; olu tifYueJ tifYueJ
jzpfoGm;ayr,fY aemufudkawmYaumYay;aew,f/ atmufuaqmifYay;ae&if;eJY vufwzufuolYEdkYav;awGudk
zspfnSpf qkyfe,fay;vdkufawmY vufwzuwifudk w0kef;0kef;xkawmYw,fY/ uRefawmfvnf;EdkYoD;acgif;av;awGudk
vufeJY tomav;vSdrfYay;vdkufw,f ...uRefawmfYtawGUtBuKHt&awmY ol uvdkif;rufpfudka&mufzdkY
odyfrvdkawmYbl;/ tJ'geJY vufnSKd;av;udk olYESKwfcrf;av;ay:wifay;vdkufawmY tirf;r&pkyf,lawmYw,f/
tJ'DtcsdefrSmvkyf&wm t&rf;udk tay;t,lrQw,fAsm ...olutay;aumif;vmovdk uRefawmfvnf;
cyfMurf;Murf;aqmifYay;vdkufw,f/ tcsufw&mavmufvnf; aqmifYrda&m ...uRefawmfvnf; NyD;csifvmw,f/
tJ'geJY olYtxJuae uRefawmfY[mudk qGJxkwfvdkufw,f/ tJ'DrSm olu ...
]] [muGm udk bmvkyfwmvJuGm 'DrSm aumif;aeNyD[mudk }}
]] acsmuvJ udkvkyfay;rSmaygY pdwfrqdk;ygeJY ...}}
]] tif; vkyfyg 'DrSm aevdkYr&awmYbl; }}
]] 'gqdk&if yufvufav;aeay;aemf ...}}
oluyufvufvSefay;vdkufw,f ...aemuf aygifav;udkum;ay;w,f/ uRefawmfvnf; olY&JUt&nfawG pdrfYusaewJY
tzkwfuav;udk vQmjym;eJYwcsufodrf;vsufvdkufNyD; olYaSUrSm'l;axmufvdkufum t0rSmawYNyD; aqmifYcs
vdkufawmYw,f/ tifYueJ atmfNyD; oluatmufuaejyefaumYvdkuf paum0dkif;ay;vdkufeJYwkefYjyefw,f/ uRefawmfu
olYudk tm;ukefokH;NyD; tay:uae cyfMurf;Murf;vkyfay;vdkufw,f/ aqmifYcsvdkufwdkif; atmufu py&ifarGU,mu

jyefyifYwifovdk oluvnf;aumYay;wmeJYqdkawmY wjznf;jznf;eJY yef;wdkifudka&mufvkeD;vmw,f/ olYudk,fav;ay:

arSmufcsvdkuf&if;eJY olYESKwfcrf;av;udkpkyf,lvdkufw,f ...vQmcsif;uvdw,f ...atmufuaqmifYw,f/
tcsdefMumvmwmeJYtrQ olYajcawGvufawG qwfueJjzpfjzpfvmw,f/ uRefawmfvnf; olNyD;awmYr,fqdkwm
odvdkufNyD; uRefawmfyg wcgwnf;NyD;atmifBuKd;pm;vdkufawmYw,f/ tcsufokH;q,favmufxyfaqmifYvdkufawmY
]]udk tm; ...tm; r&awmYbl; ...[if; ...}} qdkNyD; oufjyif;SnfBuD;csNyD; NyD;oGm;awmYw,f/ rMumygbl; ...
uRefawmfvnf; xdef;vdkYr&awmYyJ olYtxJudk tm;&yg;&yef;xkwfvdkufawmYw,f/ oluawmY yufvufuav;eJY
zvufjyaeygNyD ...uRefawmfvnf; ADdkxJu wbufoGm;,lvdkufNyD; t&nfawGokwfay;? NyD; ywfay;xm;vdkufw,f/
naeapmif;rSyJ xjyefvmcJYMuNyD; rdbawGvufxJ jyeftyfvdkufw,f/
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++
acsm&,f b,fvdktiftm;awGursm; udkwdkYudka0;uGmoGm;apEdkifovJ ...av,mOfuGif;udk udk wdwfwdwfav;
vdkufMunfhcJYwma&m rif;odEdkifygYrvm; ...jzpfcsifwdkif;rjzpf&wJYavmuBuD;rSm tqifrajyrSKawGudkBudwfrSdwfcHpm;?
ajzSif;&if; rif;udkvGrf;aecJYwmyg/ uHMurmucGJcJYvdkY wdkYawGa0;oGm;&ayr,fY cspfolwdkif;&JUESvkH;om;xJu
eD;pyfrSKawGeJYyJ pdwful;awGeJYl;aecJY&wmyg ...acsmjyefvmrSmudk udkarQmfaeygYr,f ...acsm ...
acsm&JU........... udk

(5)
oBuFeftvGrf;ajy ...

ajymjyzdkYwckarYaevdkYAs ...vli,fawGtm;vkH; &ifckefMuwJY oBuFeftaMumif;av;awGyg ...2006 ckESpf arvrSmaygY ...

acsmwa,muf puFmyludkxGufoGm;uwnf;u uRefawmfvnf; a,mifvnfvnfeJY ayawavvGifY aecJYrdw,f/
taygif;toif;awGeJY BuHKwdkif;udk t&ufeJYyJeyrf;vkH;aerdw,f/ bD,mpawSifawGvnf;a&mufwmaygY/
yef;ukH;zdk;eJYyJ vufpGyfeJYqGJBuKd;a&mif;vdkuf&w,f ...tJ'Du aqmfawGukd csKyfzdkYBuKd;pm;&if;eJY taMuG;EGHxJ
wjznf;jznf; jrKyfvmwmaygY ...aemufqkH;awmY udk,fvdkufcJYwJYaqmfu y&m'dkeJY tzdk;BuD;wa,mufqDygoGm;awmYrS
tuRwfw&m; &vmcJYwmaygY .../
udk,f tcJYvdkY cHcJY&wmygAsm ...awmfygNyDav 'DtaMumif;awGudk jyefrajymcsifawmYygbl;/ vdk&if;udkyJ ajymawmYr,f/
ayawavvGifYae&if;eJY rwfcsfvavmufa&mufvmawmY vli,fwdkif;vdkvdk ydkufqHpkwwfMuwJY tcsdef
a&mufvmw,f/ igwdkY&JUoBuFefav ...uJr,f uGJr,f NyJr,faygY ...aemufqkH;awmY aMuG;wifcHNyD; aysmfMuwmyJ
r[kwfvm; .../
'Dvdk arQmfvifYapmifYpm;&if;eJY aty&,fv 12 &ufaeYudka&mufvmcJYw,f/ tJ'DaeYuwnf;u vufrSwfwdkY bmwdkY
BuKd0,fxm;NyD;NyDav ...ausmif;wkef;u oli,fcsif;awGpkvkyfwJY r@yfudkyJoGm;xdkifMur,f ...twufaeYrS
vnfMur,faygYav ...tJ'Dnu awmfawmfeJYtdyfraysmfbl; ...rdk;vif;cgeD;rS warS;yJ&vdkufw,f/
aty&,f 13 &ufaeY reuf 6em&DcGJrSm ausmfausmfqdkwJYaumifqDu zkef;vmw,f/ tqifoifYvkyfxm;wJY?
7em&DcGJ&if vmac:r,fqdkyJ/ tJ'geJY a&rdk;csKd; t0wfvJNyD; atmufqif;apmifYaevdkufw,f/ atmufrqif;cif
atmufxyfudk0ifNyD; acsm&JUnDrudkawmif a&avmif;cJYao;w,f/ olwdkYu jyefyufr,ftvkyfrSm qif;ajy;vmcJYw,f/
atmufa&mufawmY [kdaumifYum;0ifvmwmudk jrifvdkuf&w,f/ aSUa&mufvmawmY um;ay:wufvdkufNyD;
aemufxyf waumifESpfaumif oGm;ac:zdkYxGufcJYawmYw,f/ NyD;awmY oD[qDudkoGm;w,f ...tdrfay:a&mufawmY
'Daumifu Edk;awmifrEdk;ao;bl; ...zifydwfuefESKd;NyD; a&csKd;t0wfvJcdkif;&w,f/
aemufqkH;rSmawmY vSnf;wef;u rif;rif;qdkwJYaumifudk 0ifac:NyD;xGufvmcJYMuw,f/ r@yfa&mufawmY vlvnf;
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]] a[Yaumif Zmenf ...'DrSm rif;wa,mufxJjzpfaevdkY igYoli,fcsif;wa,mufeJY rdwfqufay;rvdkY }}

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]] a[Yaumif tpfrawGawmYrxdeJY ...awmfNyD rif;[mrif;aeawmY }}
]] o,f&if;uvJuGm ...tcsif;csif;awGudk ...uJ vkyfavuGm ...}}
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]] tif; ...aumif;om;yJ }}
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]] cdkif ...}}
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]] tif; ararawmYygvmw,fav ...jynfhNzKd;wdkYtdrfrSmyJ ae&pfcJYw,f }}
]] aumif;wmaygY ...olwdkYawGu udk,fwdkYaysmfTifrSKawGudk cHpm;wwfrSmr[kwfygbl;uGm ...}}
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]] tif;av ...aMomf 'geJY udkZmenfu b,frSmaewmvJ[if }}
]] tvkHrSmav ...oli,fcsif;wa,mufu vmac:w,f }}
]] cdkifwdkYu aTykef;nufrSm ...vmvnfaygY ...}}
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]] tif; xifwmyJ }}
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]] [dkaumif jynhfNzKd;ajymoGm;wkef;u olcifwJYolrS emrnfajymjyr,fqdk ...ck odrSrodao;wm }}

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]] &ygw,f tJ'Dtcsdefvnf; pyGefqmay;ygYr,f ...tckvJ ,lxm;yg ESif;udkcif&ifaemf ...}}
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[kwfw,f ...rsufpdrSm;aevm;qdkNyD; rsufvkH;udkyGwfMunfhvdkufao;w,f/ olyg ... wu,fygyJ .../
]] b,fvdkvJ q&m ...b,favmufrsm; aomufxm;vJrodbl; Munfh&wm odyfr[efovdkyJ }}
]] ...}}
]] Zmenf ...vmxOD; ...vmyg rsufESmopfvdkuf }}
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]] ESif; ...}}
]] bmvJ }}
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]] udk,fvnf; raomufcsifygbl;uGm ...reufuESif;vnf; a&mufrvmEdkifwmeJY udk,fwa,mufxJysif;wmeJY
aomufrdoGm;wm ...reufu b,foGm;aewmvJuGm ...}}
]] araraygY ...todwa,muftdrfrSmrkefYvkyfpm;vdkYqdkNyD;oGm;wm ... tJ'gac Gm;wmeJY}}
]] aMomf ...udk,fuawmY ESif;rsm;ypfajy;oGm;NyDvm;vdkY ...}}
]] zkef;qufMunfhvkdufwm r[kwfbl; }}
]] udk,frSrodwm ...}}
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]] ESif;udkyJ ar;awmYr,f udk,fYudkay;xm;av ...}}

]] 80 30...}}
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]] ESif; ...}}
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]] uJ ...ajymrSmomajymyg ...pdwfawmifxifYvmNyD }}
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]] cspfw,f ESif;&,f vdkY ...}}
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]] ESif;u i,fygao;w,f ...tcspfa&;pdwfr0ifpm;ao;bl; ...ynmoifaecsdefrSm usefwmawG rawG;csifbl; ...}}
]] tif ...}}
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aomufaevdkufw,f/ olYudk wdkufMunfhawmY b,fvdkBuD;vJ ...rBuKdufygbl;wJY .../ bmyJajymajym 0DpuDav;
0ifoGm;rS aevdkYxdkifvdkYydkaumif;NyD; aysmfvmovdkyJ/ r@yfuzGifYxm;wJY wD;vkH;oHpOfatmufrSm uRefawmfYpdwfawG

enf;enf; rdk;rGjzpfvmw,f/ tem;udk MunfhvkdufawmY wcsKdUawGu vufajrmufajcajrmufeJYuvdkY ...uRefawmf

olYudk cPxm;cJYvdkufNyD; 0ifa&mvdkufw,f/ enf;enf;MumatmifuvdkufNyD;rS jyefvmcJYw,f/
olYqDudkjyefvmawmY oluqD;NyD; AdkufacgufvdrfqGJw,f/ NyD;awmY ...
]] oGm;uwmuvJ tMumBuD;yJ ...}}
]] ESif;uvJuGm ...enf;enf; aumif;oGm;vdkYyg ...}}
]] awmfyg rajymvdkufcsifbl; ...[kd tjym0rf;qufeJY aumifrav;em;rS oGm;&pfaewmjrifom;yJ }}
]] r[kwfygbl; ESif;&m ...udk,fu owdawmifrxm;rdygbl; }}
]] oGm; r,kHbl; ...awmfNyD awmfNyD ...ol awmfawmf tajymif;tvJjrefwmyJ ...}}
uRefawmf jymoGm;w,f ...[dkbufudk wcsufa0YMunfhvdkufawmY tjyma&mifaumifrav;wa,mufudk awGU&w,f
...cyfa[mYa[mYygyJ ...'gayr,fY uRefawmfYwdkufyfr[kwfbl; .../ NyD;awmYrS ...
]] ESif; ...ESif;vdkY }}
]] bmvJ ...}}
]] [kwfw,faemf tckrSMunfhrdw,f ...aumifrav;u tvef;av;yJ }}
]] olaemf ...}}
]] aemufwmyg ESif;&m ...udk,fYrSm ESif;wa,mufvkH;SdaerSawmY b,frdef;uav;udkrS pdwfr0ifpm;bl; }}
]] wu,fajymwmvm; ...}}
]] wu,fyguGm ...}}
]] 'gqdkvJ NyD;a&m ...}}
tJ'Dpum;uawmY aemufydkif;rSmvnf; olYudkacsmYvdkY&oGm;NyDqdkwdkif; Mum;&wJYpum;jzpfcJYygw,f/ NyD;awmYrS
qufNyD;awmY olYudk ...
]] ESif;a&m ...b,fvdkvJ rubl;vm; ...}}
]] [if; ...tJ'Dvdk jrL;ZpfeJYawmY odyfzD;vfrvmbl;uGm ...}}
]] 'gqdk oBuFefoDcsif;qdk&if ...}}
]] vkyfvdkufav ...Mumovm;vdkY }}
tJ'Dvdk ajymwmeJY tckzGifYxm;wJY wD;vkH;qkH;oGm;csdefrSm piftay:qkH;ae&mrSmSdwJY pufawGxm;wJYae&mudk oGm;NyD;
jreEmoDcsif;udkzGifYcdkif;vdkufw,f/ pufudkifwJYolu tacGSmaewkef; uRefawmfvnf; qdkcsifpdwfaygufvmwmeJY
uRefawmfqdkr,fvdkY ajymvdkufNyD; rdkufudkaumufudkifvdkufw,f/
oDcsif;oHvnf;pxGufvma&m ...rdef;uav;csnf;yJ oD;oefYxGufvmMuawmYw,f/ oBuFefoDcsif;qdkawmY
awmfawmfrsm;rsm; rl;aewJYoluvGJvdkY raeEdkifMubl;xifyg&JU ...tifxdkuwnf;u pNyD; nDnDnmnmeD;yg; uMu
awmYw,f/ uRefawmfvnf; t&ufSdefeJYqdkawmY apmufcGufajymif&JaewmeJY aoaocsmcsm cyfwnfwnfeJYqdkw,f/
olYudkawmY enf;enf;a0;a0;uaeyJ Munfhae&wmaygYav/ oBuFefoDcsif;qdkawmY uaewJYolawGuvnf;
odyfNyD;awmY a[mYa[mY&rf;&rf; rjzpfMuygbl;/ oDcsif;qkH;wJYtxd qdkaevdkuf&if; oluaewmudkyJ
epfarsmaevdkufawmYw,f/
oDcsif;NyD;oGm;rS olYudkajy;zufvdkufNyD; ...]] ESif;&,f ...odyfvSwmyJ }} vdkYajymvdkufNyD; olYudkac:vmNyD; pifaSUem;rSm
xdkifcsvdkufw,f/ vufusefav;awGSif;vdkufMu&if; um;awGay:ujyefyufwJY a&cJa&'Pfudk awmifYcH aew,f/
aemufawmY wjznf;jznf; csrf;vmwmeJY atmufjyefqif;cJYMuw,f/ aeYvnfem;csdefvnf; a&mufvkawmY eD;ygNyD
...atmufa&mufawmY jynfhNzKd;wdkYbdk;awmfvnf; a&mufaew,f/ olu rif;vkyfvkdufwm igawmYoBuFefydk; 0ifoGm;NyD
naeus&ifawmY pifay:udk igwufqdkOD;rS wJY .../ pm;p&mawGvnf; tqifoifY&aewmeJYyJ uRefawmfwdkY ESpfa,muf
aeYvnfpmpm;vdkufMuw,f/
pm;&if;aomuf&if;eJY olYudkajymvdkufw,f/ naeydkif;awmY NrKdUxJavQmuf&atmifvdkY ...olu oabmwl wmeJYyJ
jynfhNzKd;wdkYum;udkiSm;NyD;oGm;zdkY pDpOfxm;vkdufw,f/ um;,loGm;zdkY jynfhNzKd;eJYajymawmY olaumifYom;u
tifwifwifeJY ...tJ'geJYyJ ...
]] a,mufz&m ...rif;uvJ rif;pwJYZmwfvrf;rSm qkH;atmifawmYulnDaygY ...}}
]] tif; igYqDawGawmY ukefygNyDuGm ...aMomf rif;wdkY tajctaeajymprf;ygOD; ...[J[J }}

]] rif;tpfrawGawmY pdwfcsvdkufawmYuGm ...uJyguGm um;ay;vdkufprf;yg ...qDzdk; igjyefay;ygYr,fuGm? ulnDygaemf

...a,mufz }}
tJvdkeJY um;udppDpOfNyD; aeYvnf 2em&Davmuf jyefxGufvmcJYMuw,f/ uRefawmfwdkY r@yfae&muaeNyD;
wuodkvf&dyfomvrf;a&mufatmifwdk;&w,f/ NyD;rS jynfvrf;udk csKd;auGUNyD;xGufcJYMuw,f/ tJ'Duae NrKdUxJtxd
armif;cJYMuw,f/ oluawmY ab;uaeNyD; pum;awG wGwfwD;wGwfwmajymaew,f/ olYudk
vufwzufeJYzufxm;NyD; tcsKd;rajywJY vlawGum;awGudk aSmifNyD; NrKdUxJtxdarmif;cJYw,f/ aemufqkH;awmY
r*dkvrf;rSm um;&yfxm;vdkufNyD; oleJYuRefawmf ql;avbk&m;vrf;twdkif; NrKdUawmfcef;rzufavQmufcJYMuw,f/
vrf;rSmawmY a&pdkaewJYolYudk ac:awmig;odef;tm;eJY irf;oGm;MuolawGMum;ujzwf&if; r@yfaSUudka&muf
cJYMuw,f/ NrKdUawmfcef;raSUrSm vlawGum;awG usyfnyfaewmygyJ ...renf;udk wdk;&w,f/ oleJYuRefawmfr@yfudk
aocsmjrif&wJY taetxm;a&mufatmifoGm;vdkufNyD; pifay:uvSKyfSm;rSKawG oDcsif;awGudk cHpm;aevdkufMuw,f/
odyfvnf;raumif;wmeJY ESpfOD;oabmwl jyefxGufvmMuw,f/ tJ'Duae r*dkvrf;a&mufatmif jyefavQmufvm&
wmaygYav ...NyD;awmY olu csrf;aeNyD? AdkufvJqmovdkyJqdkwmeJY yef;qdk;wef;u *syefqdkifav;udk ac:vmcJYw,f/
tJ'DrSm pm;&if;aomuf&if;eJY pum;awGtrsm;BuD;ajymjzpfMuw,f/ olYtdrftaMumif;awG ...puFmylu taMumif;awG
ponfjzifYaygY/ ajym&if;ajym&if;eJY olYbGm;awmf 'DaeYntdrfjyefrtdyfyJ olYtbGm;tdrfrSm tdyfr,fqdkwm
odvkduf&w,f/ acgif;xJrSm tBuHwckay:vmayr,fY taumiftxnfrazmfcifawmY olYudkay;rodawmYygbl;av/
tJ'DrSm wem&DavmufeD;eD;xdkifvdkufMuNyD; jyefr,fvkyfawmY nae ig;em&DavmufSdawmYr,f/ olUudkar;MunfhawmY
tdrfyJjyefawmYr,fqdkwmeJY aTykef;nuftxd vkdufydkY&w,f ...tJ'DrSmyJ woufrarYEdkifwJY tjzpftysufawG ...
pwifcJYwmaygYav .../
um;udk ykHrSefyJarmif;vmcJYw,f ...twufaeYqdkawmY rD;ukef,rf;ukef neufwJYtxd uJr,fYolawGuvJ
vrf;ay:rSmSKyfaxG;aewmeJY ...olwdkYqDa&mufawmY ig;em&DcGJNyD/ um;xm;cJYvdkufNyD; oleJYtwl tay:wufvdkuf
vmcJYw,f/ tdrfay:a&mufawmY zdeyfawGbmawGcRwfNyD; olwdkY{nfhcef;xJudk0ifvdkufw,f/ qdkzmawGay: a&pdkBuD;eJY
xdkif&rSmtm;emwmeJY ...acG;kyfqkdzmtao;av;ay:rSmyJ xdkifaevdkufw,f/ oluawmY aemufudk0ifoGm;wm jyefNyD;
xGufrvmao;bl;/ cPaeawmYrS tdrfae&if;t0wftpm;eJY oljyefxGufvmw,f/
a&pdkBuD;eJYuRefawmfYudkawGUawmY wcsufpOf;pm;ovdkvkyfNyD;rS ...
]] oluvJuGm a&pdkBuD;eJY ...tif; azazYt0wfawGawmYSdw,f ...vJxm;rvm; }}
]] tif; aumif;wmaygY ...udk,fvJ csufcsif;jyefOD;rSmrSr[kwfwm ...}}
olu olYtaz&JU wDSyfeJYykqdk; ,lvmay;wmeJY vJxm;vdkufw,f/ t0wfawGudkawmY 0&efwmxkwfNyD; jzefYxm;
vdkufw,f/ aemuf olu uRefawmfYvufudkqGJNyD; qdkzmawGay:xdkifcdkif;w,f ...aumfzDaomufrvm;ar;NyD; aemufxJ
jyef0ifoGm;awmY uRefawmfvnf; tdrfaSUrSm wa,mufxJysif;wmeJY vdkuf0ifoGm;w,f/ oluawmY
aumfzDrpfxkyfawGudk azmufNyD; azsmfzdkYjyifqifaewmudk awGUvdkuf&w,f/ uRefawmf olYab;em;rSmoGm;&yfvdkufNyD;
ulnDvkyfay;vdkufw,f/ olu yef;uefpifu atmufcHyef;uefjym;ESpfcsyf,lay;yg qdkwmeJY oGm;,lvdkufw,f/
'DtcsdefrSm olu aumfzDazsmfvdkY NyD;aeNyDav .../ uRefawmf yef;uefjym;ESpfcsyfudk abpifrSmoGm;aq;vdkufNyD;
olYaSUupm;yGJay:wiftay;rSmawmY yef;uefjym;wcsyf[m vufua&awGeJYacsmNyD; Murf;ay:usuGJoGm;w,f/
olvefYoGm;vdkY uRefawmfu uav;vJr[kwfyJeJYvdkYajymvdkufNyD; yef;uefuGJawGudk aumuf,lvkdufwJYtcsdef rSmawmY
uRefawmfYvufSoGm;awmYw,f/ olu wHjrufpD;oGm;,lNyD; jyeftvm uRefawmfYvufu aoG;awGudk jrifawmY
ajcrudkifrd vufrudkifrdjzpfoGm;w,f/
]] tdk armif ...bmjzpfoGm;vJ }}
]] ...}}
]] jyprf; aoG;awG renf;bl; }}
]] [if ...ESif; ...ckeu udk,fYudk b,fvdkac:vdkufw,f }}
]] uJyg ...'gawG t&ifaq;xnfhxm;&atmif ...}}
]] ajymyg ESif;&,f ...'gqdk 'Dwdkif;yJxm;awmY aq;rxnfheJY }}
]] uJyg ...uav;BuD;vdkyJ ...armif vdkYac:wm ...t&ifu pdwfr&JwmeJY ...ckawmY vTwfueJ xGufoGm;wm ...}}

]] cspfw,f ESif;&,f ...}}

olu twlwlygyJ armif&,f vdkYajymNyD; olYtcef;xJu zwfpftdwf'f aq;aowmudk,lvmNyD; uRefawmfYvufu
wvufravmufSoGm;wJY 'Pf&mudk t&ufjyefeJYaq; bDwm'if;xnfhay;NyD; yvmpwmeJYuyfay;w,f/ NyD;awmYrS
olu ...
]] oGm; ...tdrfaSUrSm NidrfNidrfxdkifae ...0ifrvmeJYawmY }}
uRefawmfvnf; aSUjyefxGufvmNyD;xdkifaevdkufw,f/ olu aumfzDcGufawGudk,lvmNyD; pm;yGJay:csay;w,f/
aumfzDu twefi,fawmY at;pufpjyKaeNyD ...'gayr,fY aomufvdkufawmYvnf; taeawmfygyJ/
olu tdrfaSUu olYwdkY [krf;oDa&wmppfpwrfudk yg0gzGifYvdkufNyD; oDcsif;qdk&atmifavwJY .../ uRefawmf vnf;
acgif;ndwfjyvdkufawmY pD;wD;tufzftrftacGudkxnfhvdkufNyD; ESpfa,mufom; pkHwGJqdkMuw,f/ tJ'DvdkeJY
olYudk,fav;udkzufNyD; oluvnf; acgif;av;udk uRefawmfYykckH;ay:wifxm;w,f/ aemuf yg;csif;tyfw,f
...NyD;awmY wjznf;jznf;eJY ESKwfcrf;csif; *a[qufrdMuw,f/
csKdNrdefwJY tjyeftvSef terf;awGMum;rSm ola&muRefawmfa&m rdef;armaeMuw,f/ &ifawGvnf; ckefvmw,f?
olqdk&ifa&m ...b,fvdkaervJ/ qdwfNidrfwJY ywf0ef;usifuvnf; pdwfawGudk tarSmifbufa&mufatmif wGef;ydkY
aew,f/ ESKwfcrf;csif;pkyferf;ae&if; vufawGu olUausmjyifuav;udk yGwfay;aerdw,f/ olYvufawGuvnf;
uRefawmfYudk cyfwif;wif;zufxm;w,f/ uRefawmfYpdwfawGu xdef;csKyfcsifaeayr,fY vSKyfSm;rSKawGu
remcHbl;av/ tJ'geJYyJ olYausmav;udkyGwfay;ae&muae aygifawGay:aTUvdkufw,f/ olu wcsufarmYMunfhw,f
...bmrSawmY rajymbl;/ olMunfhvdkufwJY tMunfhxJrSm wckckudkawmYjrifvdkuf&ovdkyJ ...uRefawmfvnf;
rxl;ygbl;qdkNyD; olYudk erf;ae&mu vufawGudk wcsuft&JUpGefYNyD; olYAdkufay:wifvdkufw,f/
olu bmrSrajymbl; ...NidrfcHaew,f/ olYvnfwdkifav;udk erf;vdkuf&if;eJY uRefawmfYvufudk olY&ifay:udk
prf;vdkufawmY olYqDu tdk ...qdkwJYtoHav;xGufvmw,f/ olYwudk,fvkH; BuKd;jywfoGm;wJYtkyfvdk aysmYusoGm;wm
uRefawmf aumif;aumif;owdxm;rdvdkufw,f ...tajctaeuawmY aumif;aeNyDav/ olYvufawGu uRefawmfYudk
rGYHUr&JeJY jyefzufNyD; uRefawmfYausmudk yGwfay;w,f/ olYEdkYav;awGudk tusay:uaeyGwfay;&if; wcsufrSmawmY
Mu,foD;wvkH;udk jzKwfvdkufw,f/ tJ'Dtxd tdkauaeawmY uRefawmfvnf; usefwJYMu,foD;awGudk qufwdkufjzKwf
ypfvdkufw,f/ oluawmY uRefawmfYvufawGatmufrSm tm;udk;&mrJYaeovdkygyJ ...tdrfae&if;0wfxm;wJY olY&JU
xrDav;udk uRefawmfYajcreJYnSyfNyD;qGJtcsvdkufrSmawmY olYqDu ...]]ruJeJYuGm}} qdkwJY toHMum;&w,f/
tJawmYrSyJ uRefawmfYpdwfawGu xdef;vdkYr&awmYbl; ...uRefawmfwkdYxdkifaewJY ESpfa,mufxdkifqdkzmBuD;ay:
olYudkwGef;vSJvdkufw,f/ aemuf olYtus&ifbwfudkqGJ[vdkufNyD; b&mav;udk tay:udkvSefwifvdkufw,f/ tJ'DrSm
olY&JUjzL0if;aewJY &iftpkHudkawGUvdkuf&w,f ...EdkYoD;acgif;av;awGuawmY csKdifY0ifaewkef;yJ/ uRefawmf ESKwfcrf;udk
vQmeJYoyfvdkufNyD;awmY olYEdkYav;wzufudk vQmeJYvSrf;vsufvdkufw,f/ NyD;awmY vufwzuf usefwJYEdkYav;udke,fzdkY
pDpOfvdkufw,f/ olYqDuawmY toufSLr0ovdktoHawG xGufvmaeNyD ...vQmzsm;av;eJY EdkYoD;acgif;uav;udk
vsufay;vdkufawmY olYvufawGu uRefawmfYqHyifawGudkyGwfoyf&if; qGJqkyfvkdufw,f/ ESKwfcrf;eJY
tikHvkdufrSmawmY tJ'DvufawG tvdkvdkajyavsmYoGm;Muw,f/
aemufqdkzmatmufudkqif;NyD; olYem;Gufav;awG ezl;av;awGudk vdkuferf;w,f/ vufwzufuawmY olY&JU
t"duae&mudk prf;vdkufw,f/ NyD;awmY ESKwfcrf;csif;erf;&if;eJY vufu olYEdkYav;awGudke,fay;aew,f/
olYzufuvJ yDyDjyifjyifwkefYjyefNyD; uRefawmfYESKwfcrf;udk cyfMurf;Murf;pkyf,lvdkufawmY uRefawmfvnf;
tcsdefwefNyDqdkNyD; olYxrDudk atmufudkqGJvdkufw,f/ tdrfae&if;rdkYxifw,f ...twGif;cHawmY 0wfrxm;bl;/
qD;ckHrdkYrdkYay:rSm aMu;eDa&mif tarT;av;awG cyfusJusJaygufaewmudkawGUawmY uRefawmfYpdwfawG
b,fvkdjzpfoGm;rSef;rodbl; .../ wcPawmY pdwfeJYvleJYruyf jzpfoGm;w,f/ owdvJjyef&awmY olY[mav;udk
uRefawmfYvQmeJYxdk;aerdNyD/ oluawmY jiif;vnf;rjiif;? vufvnf;rcHcsifovdkeJY aygifawGudkwGefYvdrfaew,f/
uRefawmfvnf; pdwfrSnfawmYwmeJY olYaygifawGudk vufeJYzdxm;vdkufNyD; ckrSSif;Sif;vif;vif;jrif&wJY olUt0
av;udk vQmeJYodrf;vsufvdkufw,f/ tJ'Dvdkvsufay;vdkufawmY oludk,fav;u aumYueJjzpfoGm;w,f/ uRefawmf
qufwdkufvsufay;vdkufawmY olY[mav;xJu t&nfav;awG pD;usvmw,f/ olY&JUtoufSLoHjyif;jyif;udk
uRefawmf owdxm;rdvdkufwmeJY cP&yfvdkufNyD; uRefawmfYt0wftpm;awG (olYtazt0wftpm;)udk cRwfvdkufNyD;
ab;rSmSdwJY qdkzmwckay:udkwifvdkufw,f ...NyD;awmY uRefawmfY[mudkudkifNyD; olYt0av;udkawYvdkufawmYw,f/

uRefawmfY[meJY olY[mav;eJYawYrdawmY olYrsufvkH;av;awG 0dkif;oGm;w,f/ uRefawmfvnf; csufcsif;roGif; ao;bJ

awYNyD;yGwfay;aevdkufw,f/ uRefawmfYxdyfzsm;rSm olYt&nfav;awGeJYacsmvmawmYrS olYESKwfcrf;av;udkerf;NyD;
wjznf;jznf;csif;zdoGif;vdkufw,f/ usyfnyfaewJYae&mxJudk wdk;0ifvdkuf&NyD; olUvufuav;awG
uRefawmfY&ifbwfudk qD;wGef;xm;Muw,f/ enf;enf;vJoGif;rda&m olYtysKdta`rS;yg;av;u
uRefawmfYudkwm;xm;vdkufw,f/ uRefawmf b,fvdkrS acsmYoGif;av;oGif;vnf; r0ifbl;/ tJ'geJY 0iforQav;udk
tomav;anSmifYay;aevdkufw,f/ cPaeawmY olYtajctae wcsuftuJcwfvdkufNyD;
tm;eJYaqmifYcsvdkufawmYw,f/ wif;ueJwcsufjzpfoGm;ayr,fY uRefawmfY[mu t&if;em;xdatmif0ifoGm;w,f/
usefwmav;yg0ifatmif qufzdoGif;vdkufawmY olYqDu rsuf&nfawGeJYtwl SKdufoH av;ygxGufvmw,f/
]] [if ...ESif; ...ESif; wtm;emoGm;vm;[if ...}}
]] emwmaygY ...[ifY [ifY }}
]] aqm&D;uGm armif enf;enf;Murf;oGm;rdw,f ...cPygyJ ESif;&,f ...aemufremygbl;aemf }}
]] &ygw,f armif&,f ...ESif; atmifYcHygw,f ...}} vdkY SKdufoHav;eJYajymw,f/
uRefawmf t&rf;oem;oGm;w,f ...olYrsuf&nfav;awGudk okwfay;vdkufNyD; rsufawmifav;awGudk erf;vdkufw,f/
uJygav ...xnfhNyD;rSawmY b,fwyfacgufjyefawmYrvJ ...tJ'geJY olYtxJuae enf;enf;csif; qGJxkwfNyD;
jznf;jznf;av; txkwftoGif;vkyfay;vdkufw,f/ ESKwfcrf;om;awGu xkwfvdkufwdkif; uyfygvmMuovdk?
jyefoGif;vdkuf&ifvnf; csKdifY0ifoGm;Muw,f/ tJ'Dvdkav; jznf;jznf;csif;vkyfay;ae&if;eJY MumvmwmeJYtrQ xkwfom
oGif;omSdvmw,f ...t&nfav;awG xyfxGufvmNyDaygY .../
tJ'geJYolYudk ...
]] ESif; ...emao;vm; [if ...em&ifajymaemf ...}}
]] tif; ...ppcsif;wkef;uvdkawmY remawmYbl; armif }}
]] 'gqdk armif enf;enf;aqmifYMunfhr,faemf ...}}
]] jznf;jznf;yJaemf ...}}
]] tif;yguGm ...}}
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_________________________________________________
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