What are 2 main pieces of evidence for climate change?

Increin average surface temperature of the earth from 1860 to the present -0.2 c per decade since 1960 Increase in carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere

What is the difference between weather and climate?

Weather is what is happening in the atmosphere near the earth surface. Climate is the average weather

What does a climatogram show?

A climatogram shows the monthly precipitation and temperature from January thought December

What is the composition of the atmosphere Describe each layer

The atmosphere is concentrated at the earths surface and rapidly thins as you move upward, blending with space at roughly 100 miles above sea level. The atmosphere contains many gases, most in small amounts, including some pollutants and greenhouse gases. The most abundant gas in the atmosphere is nitrogen, with oxygen second. Argon, an inert gas, is the third most abundant gas in the atmosphere .comprised of Nitrogen 78% Oxygen 21%, Argon 0.0% Carbon dioxide 0.03% , water vapor, Trace amounts of other gases/pollutants and Dynamic system it has vertical layers Where weather occurs, temperature decrease with elevation at the top is tropopause that acts as a lid Stratosphere above the troposphere stratospheric ozone layer just above the tropause that protects the UV radiation

How does atmospheric pressure change with altitude? EXPLAIN

Relationships between chemistry of planets atmosphere and planets surface temperature gases trap heat energy and warm the plant Pressure is force per unit area caused by the weight of overlying atmospheric gases on those below decreases the altitude then the low pressure brings clouds and the high pressure systems usually bring clear skies

What causes winds on earth?

Atmosphere moves because of earths rotation the global patterns of prevailing winds and latitudinal belts of high and low pressure.

Describe the Earths albedo (Heat/Energy Budget)

All the energy from the sun the sunlight comes from the wide range of electromagnetic radiation and most of the radiation reaches the earth is in the infrared and visible wavelengths

What instruments are used to study paleoclimate?

Proxy data . ice cores they have carbon dioxide and methane levels from the ice was created . Tree rings

Explain the Greenhouse effect What gases are involved?\

The gases in the atmosphere has its own absorption spectrum the gases are strong absorbs they re-emit radiation and increases the temperature of the earths surface greenhouse gases are affecting climate evidence indicates that carbon dioxide methane and temperature rise and all together scientist say that greenhouse gases cause climate change

What are positive and negative feedbacks>

The atmosphere and its interactions with the ocean and land surfaces experience positive and negative feedbacks NEGATIVE warms temperature warm air and lead to increase evaporation and evaporation leads to more cloud formation which reflects more sunlight which could cool the surface

What are some natural causes of climate change?

The amount of sunlight reaching the earth and also the cycle the sun is in

How does Ocean Affect climate change?

Water is has the highest heat capacity of any compounds ocean absorbs dissolved CO2 ,Co2 increases in atmosphere which increases in oceans climate system driven in part by the ocean conveyor belt a global cricualtatyion of the oceans shuts down and causes a major change in the climate.

What is el Nino and what causes it/what does it cause? Its a periodic variation of pacific ocean currents trade winds blow west across tropical pacific and warm surface water piles up in the western pacific. Winds weaken it also causes global atmospheric circulation that causes the changes in weather in different regions that are far removed from tropical pacific surface water temperatures rise off the south America coast inhibits the upwelling of nutrients- rich cold water from deep levels.

Explain how we can forecast climate change:

EMPIRICAL AND THEORETICAL empirical approach is to go back to the geological idea of information

What are some possible effects of climate change? CHANGES IN RIVER FLOW , MELTING OF GALCIAL ICE AND REDUTIONS IN snow cover , rainfall can increase runoff would be more rapid reservoirs will over flow

What are things we can do to reduce the potential of climate change?

Capture carbon dioxide from power plants and industrial smoke stacks Compress the gas and change it to a mixture of both liquid and gas. Inject deep underground

What are some international agreements to help mitigate with global warming/climate change?
Legally binding limits Cut emissions to 7% below 1990 levels Earth summit in Rio de Janeiro,Brazil General blueprint for reduction of global emission suggested No legal binding limits set