CRYOGENIC GRINDING

By Vivekavardhan.r 10e11a03b5

OBJECTiVES
INTRODUCTION PROBLEMS IN CONVENTIONAL GRINDING WORKING ADVANTAGES OF CRYO GRINDING EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES APPLICATION

CRYOGENICS
The term Cryogenics originated from the Greek word which
means creation or production by means of cold. Cryogenics is the study of very low temperatures or the production of the same.. Liquid nitrogen is the most commonly used element in cryogenics and is legally purchasable around the world.

APPLICATIONS OF CRYOGENICS
In Rocket In Biology In Food Industry In Electronics In Medicines In Grinding

GRINDING
The process is carried out with a grinding wheel made up of grits for

removing materials from work piece surface.

Grinding can be classified into two types

Grinding for material removal

Grinding for powdering

PROBLEMs IN CONVENTIONAL GRINDING PROCESS

High heat generation Tensile residual stress are induced to the material Less tool life Clogging and Gumming of the mill Oxidation Loss of Etheric oil in Spice grinding

Now.elimination of all these problems are required.. But.

HOW..???
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Here comes the necessity of

CRYOGENIC GRINDING
..also known as Freeze Grinding

CRYOGENIC GRINDInG
Cryogenic grinding involves cooling a material below its
embrittlement temperature with cryogenic fluid. Typically Liquid Nitrogen or in certain applications, liquid Carbon

Dioxide is used.

This process has several benefits

Ability to process soft or elastic material
Increased productivity Low Power Consumption

Smaller size particle

Minimal loss of volatile component

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WORKING

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ADVANTAGES OF CRYOGRINDING
Increased throughput & power saving Finer particle size More uniform particle distribution Lower grinding cost No heat generation Provides an inert atmosphere Reduced grinding force Provide clean and pollution free environment Prevent oxidation Possibility of fine grinding of difficult spices

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RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES

1. Volatile oil content & flavor component
Example : pepper
SL No. Components Cryoground(%) Conventional ground(%) 11.00 1.15

1 2 3

Moisture Volatile oil Flavour compounds (relative concentration) Alpha pinene limonene

13.00 2.61

1.40 8.30

0.29 1.18

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2. Throughput of the mill Current required Working temperature Throughput of conventional grinding Throughput of cryogenic grinding =6A =50C =22kg/hr =50kg/hr

i.e. throughput for cryogenic grinding is 2.25 times more than conventional grinding

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APPLICATION OF CRYO-GRINDING
recycling of composite materials Thermoplastics Thermo sets Adhesives & waxes

Explosives
Spices

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Hence we can conclude ..

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Bibliography
Experimental studies AICTE-ISTE Short-term programme on contribution to technology development from space research www.csa.fnal.gov Cold Facts (The quarterly magazine of the Cryogenic Society of America).

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THank you

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