Learning outcomes: Students at the end of the lesson will be able to identify the six new terms and

demonstrate the difference between dominant and recessive genes.

Common Core Standard: RST. 9-10.3 Follow precisely a complex multistep procedure when carrying out experiments, taking measurements, or performing technical tasks, attending to special cases or exceptions defined in the task

Overview of Lesson Rihanna - Discuss terms for class Genes, Dominant, Recessive, Genotype, Phenotype, and allele. Michael - Punnett Square worksheet Kathleen - Go over drosophila website and screenshots Rihanna - Post-Quiz

Lecture Notes Allele- One member of a pair of genes occupying a specific spot on a chromosome that controls the same trait Recessive- a trait that must be contributed by both parents in order to appear in the offspring. Dominant- a trait that will appear in the offspring if one of the parents contributes it. Heterozygous- a pair of genes where one is dominant and one is recessive Homozygous- a pair of matching alleles Genotype- the genetic makeup of an individual. Phenotype- the physical appearance of an organism

Punnett Square Worksheet - Screenshot of the worksheet

Directions for Lab

Assigned groups of 2 - Fill out worksheet - Run the fly program

Fly Program - Find traits that help it survive in their environment - Determine if dominant or recessive - http://sciencecourseware.org/vcise/drosophila/

Names: ______________________________________________________________

With your fellow genetic scientists, become familiar with the Drosophila website, take notes using the table below, and answer the questions that follow. It is recommended you only choose ONE trait to change at a time--either bristles, body color, or antennae. As you choose different features for your fly, record the data in the appropriate boxes. You do NOT have to start with a fresh batch of flies every time, and may use offspring from one mating jar in the next cross if you feel it will help you understand which trait is dominant or recessive. Mating Jar Cross Number Characteristics of Female Fly Characteristics of Male Fly Characteristics of offspring? What can you determine from this cross?
(dominant, recessive, cannot determine)

Bristles: Body Color: Antennae: Bristles: Body Color: Antennae: Bristles: Body Color: Antennae:

Bristles: Body Color: Antennae: Bristles: Body Color: Antennae: Bristles: Body Color: Antennae:

Bristles: Body Color: Antennae: Bristles: Body Color: Antennae: Bristles: Body Color: Antennae:

Bristles: Body Color: Antennae:

Bristles: Body Color: Antennae:

Bristles: Body Color: Antennae:

Enrichment questions Do you think the dominant traits you discovered are actually better for the fly? Are dominant traits always better for the species?

Does a cross between two heterozygous flies result in the same amount of phenotypes and genotypes? Explain your answer.

Post Quiz on Socrative

. a. b. c. . a. b. c. . a. b. c.

. a. b. c.

1. What do you call an organism with one dominant gene and one recessive gene? a. Homozygote b. Pure recessive c. Heterozygote d. Pure dominant 2. When a trait that is present seems to disappear, what is it called? Pure recessive heterozygote dominant 3. A phenotype is best described as Physical characteristics Genetic makeup Determines genotype Being represented by two alleles 4. An Allele is: Another word for gene A homozygous genotype A heterozygous genotype One of several possible forms of a gene 5. If you wanted to show the history of a trait from one generation to the next what would you do? Obtain medical records draw a pedigree look at old photos draw a punnett square