Ccna Lab Series (Manthang) - Smith.N Studio

CCNA Lab Series | manthang
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THC HNH CC BI LAB CCNA
(CCNA Lab Series)

Mn Thng (manthang)
manvanthang@gmail.com
http://manthang.wordpress.com

HCM, 02/2012

Smith Nguyen Studio. Smith Nguyen Studio.
https:/ / www.facebook.com/ SmithNguyenStudio

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Gii thiu
thc hin cc lab trong ti liu ny, bn cn chun b cc th sau:
1. Mt my tnh c ci t Packet Tracer
Download bn 5.3 ca n y:
http://www.mediafire.com/?zziz2tziywj
Cc thao tc xy dng m hnh mng v cu hnh cho cc thit b u c thc hin
trong Packet Tracer.
2. Standalone Labs for CCNA
L ebook ting Anh m ti da vo ni dung trong bin son thnh ti liu ting
Vit ny. Bn c th ti n v y:
http://www.mediafire.com/?3tc66h1n35s4xf3
Mt s u im trong cc bi lab do ti bin son so vi ebook trn l:
Ti cc bc thc hin u c hnh minh ha r rng.
Nhiu khi nim, l thuyt c ti din gii, tm tt li sao cho ngn gn v d
hiu nht.
Ngn ng ting Vit nn thch hp vi cc bn cha bt kp kh nng c hiu
ti liu ting Anh.
Lu
Trc khi i vo thc hin theo cc hng dn trong ti liu ny, bn nn bit l:
1. Cc bi lab c thit k ph hp cho nhng bn no nm kh vng chng
trnh hc ca chng ch CCNA, th nn phn l thuyt v mng cn bn ni
chung cng nh nhng phn chuyn bit trong CCNA ni ring s khng c
cp chi tit trong cc bi lab.
2. Do trn Internet cng c kh nhiu bi vit hng dn cch ci t v s dng
Packet Tracer ri nn ti s khng trnh by li na. Di y l mt s a ch
bn tham kho:
http://vnexperts.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=755&Itemid=199
http://www.scribd.com/doc/4291610/Hng-dn-s-dng-Packet-Tracer-kakalotsai


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Mc lc

Lab 1: Connecting and Logging on to a Cisco Router .......................................................... 5
Lab 2: I ntroduction to the Basic User I nterface ........................................................................ 6
Lab 3: I ntroduction to Basic Show Commands ........................................................................ 8
Lab 4: CDP ................................................................................................................................... 11
Lab 5: Extended Basics .............................................................................................................. 17
Lab 6: Setting the Banner MOTD (Message of the Day) ....................................................... 19
Lab 7: Copy command ............................................................................................................. 21
Lab 8: I ntroduction to Interface Configuration ...................................................................... 24
Lab 9: I ntroduction to IP (I nternet Protocol) ........................................................................... 29
Lab 10: ARP.................................................................................................................................. 33
Lab 11: Creating a Host table................................................................................................... 36
Lab 12: Static Routes .................................................................................................................. 39
Lab 13: RI P.................................................................................................................................... 44
Lab 14: Troubleshooting RI P ...................................................................................................... 48
Lab 15: IGRP ................................................................................................................................ 54
Lab 16: PPP and CHAP............................................................................................................... 60
Lab 18: Saving Router Configurations...................................................................................... 62
Lab 19: Loading Router Configurations ................................................................................... 65
Lab 20: Frame Relay ................................................................................................................... 67
Lab 24: I ntroduction to Basic Switch Commands .................................................................. 70
Lab 28: Standard Access Lists ................................................................................................... 73
Lab 29: Verify Standard Access Lists ........................................................................................ 77
Lab 30: Extended Access Lists................................................................................................... 79
Lab 31: Verify Extended Access Lists........................................................................................ 81

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Lab 32: Named Access Control Lists ........................................................................................ 85
Lab 33: Advanced Extended Access List................................................................................ 89
Lab 34: I ntroduction to Telnet ................................................................................................... 94
Lab 35: I ntroduction to VLAN .................................................................................................... 97
Lab 36: VLAN Trunking Protocol .............................................................................................. 102
Lab 37: OSPF Single Area Configuration and Testing .......................................................... 106


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Lab 1: Connecting and Logging on to a Cisco Router
Kt ni v ng nhp vo mt thit b Cisco Router
A. Mc tiu ca bi lab:
Gii thiu v Cisco Router.

B. Chun b cho bi lab:
Chng ta s s dng mt thit b router c tn l Router1.

C. Cc bc thc hin:

1. Khi ng Router1 ln v truy cp vo giao din cu hnh CLI ca n.

2. Nhn Enter lm xut hin du nhc lnh (command prompt). Du nhc lnh ny
bao gm 2 thnh phn: chui Router l hostname ca Router1 v k t > cho
bit ta ang user mode.

Press RETURN to get started!
Router>

3. G lnh enable vo privileged mode v du > c thay bng du #.
Router>enable
Router#

4. tr v user mode, ta g disable. T user mode, g tip logout hoc exit
thot khi router.
Router>enable
Router#


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Lab 2: Introduction to the Basic User Interface
C bn v giao din ngi dng
Gii thiu v giao din dng lnh (CLI); 2 ch l user mode v privileged mode; c
bn v 2 lnh help v show.

Chng ta s tip tc s dng Router1.

C. Cc bc thc hin

1. Khi ng Router1 ln v truy cp vo giao din cu hnh CLI ca n. Sau , nhn
Enter hin th du nhc lnh.

2. Hin ta ang User mode (l ch ch h tr cc cu lnh c bn xem nhng
thit lp ca thit b m khng c php s dng cc cu lnh c quyn thay i
cu hnh ca thit b). G vo du chm hi (?) xem tt c cc cu lnh c th s
dng ti du nhc lnh ny.
Router>?
3. G lnh sau vo Privileged mode (l ch h tr nhiu cu lnh nng cao hn
thay i cc thit lp ca thit b).
Router> enable
Router#


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4. xem tt c cc cu lnh c th s dng trong Privileged mode.

Router#?

5. G lnh sau xem tt c cc cu lnh show.
Router#show ?
6. xem thng tin v cu hnh hin ti m router ang s dng (running
configuration).
Router>show running-config

7. Ti du nhc lnh, g phm khong trng hin th trang thng tin k tip
<space bar>
8. G mt trong cc lnh sau ng xut khi router
Router#exit
hoc
Router#disable

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Lab 3: Introduction to Basic Show Commands
C bn v lnh show
Lm quen vi cc cu lnh show c bn

Chng ta tip tc s dng Router1.

C. Cc bc thc hin:

1. Hin th du nhc lnh.
Router>
2. Vo Privileged mode.
Router>enable
Router#
3. Trong CLI, tp tin nm trong b nh RAM cha cc cu hnh m hin ti ang c
thit b (router, switch) s dng c gi l running-config. Lu l cn vo
Privileged mode mi xem c ni dung ca running-config.

c bit, ni dung ca running-config khng c t ng lu li trn Cisco router
v s b mt nu xy ra s c v ngun in cung cp cho router (nh cp in t
ngt, in p qu ti hoc qu thp khin router khng th hot ng c).

Sau khi ta thay i cu hnh cho router, cc cu hnh mi ny s c cp nht vo
tp tin running-config v lu li ni dung ca running-config th ta cn s dng
lnh copy (s c cp trong cc bi lab sau). By gi, hin th ni dung ca
running-config ta g lnh sau.

Router#show running-config


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4. Flash l mt loi b nh c bit trn router m lu tr cc tp tin h iu hnh (OS
image). Khng ging nh b nh thng gp khc (nh RAM), b nh flash vn cha
cc OS image ngay c khi router khng c cp ngun hot ng.
Router#show flash

5. Mc nh, CLI ca cc router lu gi 10 lnh gn y nht m c g vo trong b
nh. xem tt c cc lnh thc hin vn cn c lu trong b nh ca router.
Router#show history
6. Hai lnh sau gip ta ly li lnh g trc
Nhn phm mi tn i ln (up) hoc <ctrl> P
7. Cn hai lnh sau gip ta s dng lnh k tip trong history buffer
Nhn phm mi tn i xung (down) hoc <ctrl> N
8. xem trng thi ca cc giao thc c nh tuyn (routed protocol) layer 3 ang
chy trn router
Router#show protocols

9. Lnh sau c dng nhn v cc thng tin quan trng nh: loi router platform,
phin bn (revision) ca OS, ln khi ng cui v v tr tp tin image ca OS, lng
b nh, s lng cng giao tip (interface), v cc thanh ghi cu hnh (configuration
register)?

Router#show version

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10. Xem ngy gi c thit lp trn router
Router#show clock
11. hin th danh sch cc hosts v tt c cc a ch IP ca chng m c router
lu tr li (cache)
Router#show hosts
12. Xem danh sch cc user kt ni ti router
Router#show users
13. xem thng tin chi tit v mi cng giao tip (interface)
Router#show interfaces

14. Xem trng thi tng qut v cc giao thc layer 3 cng nh trng thi ca cc
interface
Router#show protocols

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Lab 4: CDP
Giao thc CDP (Cisco Discovery Protocol)
Hiu c cc chc nng ca CDP

Chng ta s s dng Router 1 v Router 4.

C. Cc bc thc hin:

1. Trn Router 1, vo ch cu hnh ton cc (global configuration mode)
Router>enable
Router#conf t
Router(config)#
2. Trn Router 1, thay i hostname thnh R1
Router(config)#hostname R1
R1(config)#
3. Thc hin li bc 1 v 2 trn Router 4
Router>enable
Router#conf t

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R4(config)#
Lu : mc nh, tt c cc interface u b v hiu ha (khng th s dng c)

4. Kch hot interface Serial2/ 0 trn R1
R1(config)#interface Serial2/0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
5. Tng t, kch hot interface Serial2/0 trn R4
R4(config)#interface Serial2/0

6. Kch hot interface FastEthernet0/0 trn R1
R1(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0
CDP gip cc thit b chia s cc thng tin cu hnh c bn cho nhau. CDP s hot
ng m khng cn cu hnh g thm. CDP c kch hot mc nh trn tt c
interface. CDP l mt giao thc hot ng ti layer 2 ca m hnh OSI. V vy iu
quan trng cn nm l CDP khng phi l giao thc nh tuyn. N ch c th gip
cc thit b c kt ni trc tip vi nhau trao i thng tin cho nhau.


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7. Trn R1, g lnh sau xem trng thi ca tt c cc interface ang chy CDP.
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#exit
R1#show cdp interface
Hin ti, router ang s dng CDP qung b i cc thng tin v cc interface ca
n v ng thi CDP cng gip n bit c cc router hng xm c kt ni
trc tip ti n.
8. Trn R1, g lnh sau hin th cc thng tin v cc hng xm ang c kt ni
trc tip ti R1
R1#show cdp neighbors

Trong hnh trn ta thy, thit b u tin trong danh sch cc hng xm ca R1 l
router R4 c kt ni trc tip ti cng Serial2/0 trn R1 (ct Local Interface). R1
nhn cc gi RDP update t R4, cc gi update ny cng cho ta bit c R1 s nm
gi cc thng tin cp nht v R4 trong bao lu. Ti thi im g cu lnh trn th thi
gian cn li l 133 giy (ct Holdtime). R4 l mt Cisco router thuc series 1000 nh
c th hin trong ct platform. Ct cui cng, Port ID, l cng trn trn thit b
(trong trng hp ny cng Serial2/0 ca R4) m t cc gi update c gi i.

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9. Trn R1, g lnh sau xem nhiu thng tin chi tit hn v cc hng xm c kt
ni trc tip ti R1.
R1#show cdp neighbors detail

Lnh ny s hin ra cng lc thng tin ca tt c cc thit b hng xm. N c s
dng hin th cc a ch tng Network. Nh hnh trn ta thy R4 c mt a ch
IP l 192.168.1.4. Ngoi ra, cu lnh cn cho bit thng tin v phin bn ca IOS.
Ch rng cc thit b hng xm c lit k theo trnh t. Nu ta mun bit thng
tin v mt thit b nm ng sau na th ta cn cun xung bng cch nhn phm
khong trng.
10. Trn R1, lnh sau s ch cung cp thng tin v R4
R1#show cdp entry R4
(thng tin u ra ca cu lnh trn ging vi trong hnh bc 9)
Lnh ny cho ta cu trc thng tin ging vi u ra ca lnh show cdp neighbors
detail, nhng khc ch lnh ny ch hin th thng tin v R4 m thi. Cng lu
thm rng y l mt trong nhng lnh thuc loi case-sensitive, tc l c phn bit
ch hoa v ch thng trong cu lnh.
11. Trn R1, bit c thi gian nh k R1 s gi i cc gi RDP update v cc thng
tin CDP m R1 nhn v s tn ti trong bao lu, ta g lnh sau
R1#show cdp


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12. Trn R1, iu chnh s giy thi gian gia cc ln gi CDP update thnh 45, ta g
R1# conf t
R1(config)#cdp timer 45
Ngoi ra, ta cng c th iu chnh li gi tr holdtime. Gi tr ny cho bit router
nhn CDP update s lu gi cc thng tin trong CDP update (do cc router khc gi
ti) trong bao lu v y cng l mt tham s ton cc (global parameter).
13. Trn R1, iu chnh b m holdtime thnh 60 giy, ta g
R1#conf t
R1(config)#cdp holdtime 60
14. Trn R1, g lnh sau xc nhn li nhng thay i va to ra trn
R1#show cdp
u ra ca cu lnh s nh sau
Global CDP information:
Sending CDP packets every 45 seconds
Sending a holdtime value of 60 seconds
Sending CDPv2 advertisements is enabled
Nu R1 khng c kt ni trc tip vi bt k Cisco router no trn mng, hoc n
gin tit kim bng thng, ta cn xem xt vic tt CDP trn R1.
15. Trn R1, tt hon ton CDP
R1#conf t
R1(config)#no cdp run
16. Cng trn R1, kch hot li CDP trn tt c cc interface ca router
R1#conf t
R1(config)#cdp run
Lc ny, c th ta ch mun tt CDP i vi mt s interface c th no , v d cc
interface c bng thng thp hoc v cc l do bo mt.

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17. Trn R1, tt CDP ch vi interface FastEthernet1/0
R1(config)#interface FastEthernet1/0
R1(config-if)#no cdp enable
18. Trn R1, xc nhn interface FastEthernet1/0 khng cn gi i cc gi CDP update
na, ta g
R1#show cdp interface
hoc
R1#show cdp interface FastEthernet1/0
Nu trong u ra khng c thng tin v FastEthernet1/0 th c th kt lun rng CDP
b v hiu ha trn interface ny.


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Lab 5: Extended Basics
n tp v m rng
Quan st v cu hnh mt s phn c bn ca router.


C. Cc bc thc hin:
1. Truy cp vo CLI ca router v hin th du nhc lnh.
Router>
2. xem danh sch tt c cc cu lnh sn c m ta c th s dng ti du nhc ny.
Router>?
3. Vo Privileged mode. ch ny th bn c ton quyn iu khin router.
Router>enable
Router#
4. Xem cc cu lnh c th chy trong Privileged mode
Router#?
5. S dng lnh sau vo Configuration mode cu hnh cho router.
Router#config terminal
Router(config)#
6. Hostname ca router c dng nhn dng thit b trong mng. Khi ng nhp vo
router, ta s thy hostname nm u du nhc (> hoc #). C th s dng hostname
th hin v tr hoc chc nng ca router. Lnh sau s t tn cho Router1 l
mmt03
Router(config)#hostname mmt
mmt(config)#

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7. Enable password dng kim sot vic truy cp vo Privileged mode. y l loi
mt khu cc k quan trng cn bo mt bi v trong Privileged mode bn c th thay
i cu hnh cho router. t enable password thnh network ta thc hin lnh
sau
mmt(config)#enable password network
8. kim tra password ny. Thot khi router v th vo li Privileged mode vi mt
khu network va thit lp trn. By gi, g conf term v lm tip cc hng dn
bc k tip.

9. Vn duy nht vi enable password l n xut hin di dng plain-texttrong
file cu hnh ca router. Nu bn cn cho ai xem file ny h c th gip bn
khc phc vn no th v tnh bn l cc mt khu v iu ny e da n
bo mt ca h thng ca bn. Vy lm sao to ra cc mt khu c m ha?
Lnh sau s to mt khu cisco c lu tr dng m ha.
mmt(config)#enable secret cisco
10. Gi ta c th kim tra mt khu mi ny bng cch ng xut khi router v sau
g enable. Enable secret l mt mt khu b tr cao cp hn enable password,
thc t th n ghi enable password. Nu bn thit lp c 2 loi mt khu ny
th enable secret mi l mt khu m bn cn dng vo Privileged mode cn
enable password tuy vn hin din nhng hin ti b v hiu ha.


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Lab 6: Setting the Banner MOTD (Message of the Day)
Thit lp thng bo khi ng nhp vo router
MOTD l thng bo c hin th khi ai ng nhp vo router. MOTD c th c s
dng cung cp thng tin v router hoc hin th cc thng bo v bo v bo mt.


C. Cc bc thc hin:
1. Kt ni ti Router1 v vo Privileged mode
Router>
Router>enable
Router#
2. Vo Configuration mode
Router#config t
Router(config)#
3. G vo cu lnh banner motd v tip sau l mt k t nh gii hn (delimiting
character). K t nh gii hn s c g vo ti phn cui ca dng thng bo
router s bit c l khi no ta hon thnh vic g vo thng bo. K t thng s
dng nht l z.
Router(config)#banner motd z
Enter TEXT message. End with the character 'z'.
4. By gi, ta s g vo thng bo mun hin th lc ng nhp vo router, khi cn kt
thc vic g thng bo ta s g k t z v nhn Enter th lp tc thng bo s c
router lu li. V d, thit lp MOTD l dng ch Chao mung ban den voi Cisco
router th g
Chao mung ban den voi Cisco router z

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5. xem thng bo trn, ta thot khi Configuration mode v sau thot khi router.
Nhn Enter quay tr li v ta s thy c thng bo va t trn


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Lab 7: Copy command
Lnh copy
Gii thiu v cc lnh copy m Cisco IOS h tr


C. Cc bc thc hin:
1. Hin th du nhc lnh
Router>
2. Vo Privileged mode
Router>enable
Router#
3. Hin th running-config hin ti c lu trong b nh RAM.
Router#show running-config
4. Th hin th ni dung ca file cu hnh c lu tr trong b nh NVRAM (d liu
trong NVRAM vn cn nguyn vn ngay c khi khng c ngun in cung cp cho
router), file ny c gi l startup-config. Hin ti chng ta cha lu cu hnh vo
NVRAM nn khng c bt k ni dung no c hin th y

5. Copy ni dung ca running-config trong RAM vo NVRAM. Khi router khi ng,
n s np cu hnh c lu tr trong NVRAM ny.
Router#copy running-config startup-config

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6. By gi, hin th cu hnh c lu trong NVRAM.
Router#show startup-config

7. Nu mun router khi ng ln m khng np bt k cu hnh no (sau ta s cu
hnh li cho router t u) th ta c th xa startup-config v np li router. xa
cu hnh trong NVRAM, ta g
Router#erase startup-config
8. Gi ta cn np li router. Router bo cho ta bit l hin c mt cu hnh ang nm
trong RAM v hi ta xem c mun lu li cu hnh vo NVRAM trc khi np li
router khng. V ta khng mun lu li running-config nn ta s chn no
Router#reload


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9. Sau router khi ng li xong, gi ta xem li file startup-config. V ta khng lu
li n bc 8 nn hin khng c thng tin no trong startup-config c.
Router#show startup-config
10. Gi ta i hostname cho router thnh mmt03
Router#config terminal
Router(config)#hostname mmt03
mmt03(config)#exit
mmt03#

11. Sau khi i hostname, ta s reload router v khi c hi ta s ng lu li cu hnh
va thay i ny.
mmt03#reload
12. Sau khi router reload xong, chui mmt03 xut hin trong du nhc lnh.


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Lab 8: Introduction to Interface Configuration
Cu hnh cc cng giao tip (interface)
Bit cch kch hot v xem thng tin cc interface trn mt router.

Chng ta s s dng Router1 v Router2.

C. Cc bc thc hin:
1. Trn Router1, vo Global Configuration mode
Router>enable
Router#conf t
2. Gi ta s cu hnh cho interface FastEthernet (Fa). lm iu ny, ta cn truy nhp
vo ch cu hnh cho interface (Interface Configuration mode vit tt l config-
if). G lnh sau vo config- if dnh cho Fa0/0
R1(config)#interface Fa0/0
R1(config-if)#
3. xem tt c cc cu lnh hin c th s dng trong config- if
R1(config-if)#?
4. Trong , lnh shutdown c dng tt/v hiu ha interface
shutdown Shutdown the selected interface
lm iu ngc li ca mt lnh no , ta thm ch no ng trc lnh .
Vy lnh sau s gip ta kch hot li Fa0/0 trn Router1
5. Gi thm phn m t cho interface ny
R1(config-if)#description This is FastEthernet0/0
interface on the Router1
6. xem phn m t va thit lp trn ta tr li Privileged mode v thc hin lnh
show interface.

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R1(config-if)#end
R1#show interface

7. By gi ta kt ni ti Router2 v vo ch config-if ca Fa0/0
Router#conf t
R2(config)#interface Fa0/0
8. Kch hot interface ny ln
9. Hin ti cng Fa0/0 trn R1 c ni vi cng Fa0/0 trn R2 v c 2 cng Fa0/0 2
u ca kt ni ny u c enable chng c th thy nhau bng cch s
dng CDP. Chy lnh sau trn R2 xem tt c cc Cisco router ang c kt ni
trc tip vi n.
R2(config-if)#end
R2#show cdp neighbors

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Cu hnh v xem xt thng tin v cc interface
Xem xt cc interface
Router c th c nhiu loi interface nh token ring, FDDI, Ethernet, Serial, ISDN
Thng ta mun xem trng thi v cc thit lp ca chng. C mt vi lnh quan
trng cn nm y v show interfaces l mt trong nhng lnh quan trng hn c
Router#show interfaces
Lnh trn s xut ra cc thng tin v mi interface. Trong trng hp ny, ta thy
rng interface Fa0/0 ang b tm ngng hot ng (administratively down). iu ny
c ngha l cng Fa0/0 b tt bi lnh shutdown.

Interface is Line protocol is ngha
administratively
down
Down Interface b tt bi lnh shutdown
up Down Cp c u ni ng nhng cha nhn c
keep alive (gi tin cho bit lin kt ang hot
ng tt) ca router u kt ni bn kia.

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down Down Trc trc cp ni hoc cha t gi tr clock
rate trn DCE hoc interface ca router u
bn kia b tt
up Up y l iu ta mun: kt ni hot ng bnh
thng

Bn c th xem thng tin chi tit v mt interface c th no , v d Serial2/0, vi
lnh sau:
Router#show interface Serial2/0
Cn xem thng tin tm lc ca tt c cc interface, ta c lnh:
Router#show ip int brief

iu ny gip ta nhn din nhanh chng trng thi ca tt c cc interface
Xem xt cc Controller
Controller l b phn ca interface c nhim v to ra cc kt ni vt l. iu quan
trng nht m ta cn bit l loi cp no c gn vo cng Serial.
Cp DTE (data terminating equipment) l loi cp m ta thng hay s dng. DTE
c ngha rng ta ang mong ch u cui bn kia cung cp clocking.
Cp DCE (data circuit-terminating equipment) c ngha l thit b ny s phi cung
cp clocking trn ng truyn.
Lnh show controllers s gip ta bit c interface no l DCE hay DTE.
Router#show controllers Serial2/0

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Cu hnh cho interface
Nu mt interface no b kha li bi lnh shutdown (administratively down). Bn
phi vo Configuation mode (config), sau truy nhp vo Interface Configuation
mode (config- if) dnh cho interface , v cui cng, chy lnh no shutdown.
Di y l hnh minh ha cch kch hot cho interface Fa0/0 trn Router1.

Nu interface l DCE, bn phi cung cp gi tr clocking s dng lnh clock rate

Tht hu ch thm phn m t ngha ca interface s dng lnh description

S dng lnh show running-config hoc show interfaces hoc show
controllers xem nhng thay i m ta va to ra trn.

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Lab 9: Introduction to IP (Internet Protocol)
Giao thc IP
Cu hnh a ch IP cho cc Router 1, 2 v 4 v s dng lnh ping kim tra kt ni
gia chng.

Chng ta s s dng Router1, Router2, Router4.

C. Cc bc thc hin:
Cu hnh cc a ch IP

1. u tin, kt ni ti Router1 v t hostname cho n l R1
Router>en
Router#conf t

2. Vo ch Interface configuration t a ch IP cho cng fa0/0 trn Router1
R1(config)#interface fa0/0

3. t a ch IP cho cho cng fa0/0 ny nh sau
R1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

4. Kch hot interface fa0/0 ny ln


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5. Gi t a ch IP cho interface Serial2/0 trn R1 nh sau

6. M CLI ca Router2 ln

7. Gn hostname cho n l R2
Router>en
Router#conf t

8. t a ch IP cho cng fa0/0 trn R2 ny nh sau

9. Kch hot interface ny ln


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10. Gi ta truy cp vo CLI ca Router4

11. Gn hostname cho Router4 v sau t a ch IP cho cng Serial2/0 nh sau
Router>en
Router#conf t
R4(config)#interface Ser2/0
12. Tip tc kch hot cng Serial2/0 trn R4

13. Kt ni tr li ti Router1

14. Th ping ti cng fa0/0 trn Router2
R1(config-if)#ping 10.1.1.2

15. Th ping ti cng Serial2/0 trn Router4
R1#ping 172.16.10.2


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16. Kim tra v bo m trng thi ng kt ni v trng thi giao thc ca cc interface
trn Router u UP

17. Xem ni dung ca running-config v kim tra xem vic t IP ng cha
R1#show running-config
18. Xem thng tin chi tit v IP cho mi interface
R1#show ip interface


33
Lab 10: ARP
Giao thc ARP
Xem thng tin trong bng ARP


C. Cc bc thc hin:
1. Kt ni ti Router1 (c hostname l R1) v xem bng ARP ca n.
R1>en
R1#show arp

2. Gn a ch IP cho cng Fa0/0 trn R1.
R1#conf t
R1(config-if)#end


34
3. Xem li bng ARP ca R1. Lc ny ta thy xut hin mt dng (entry) duy nht l
thng tin v cng Fa0/0 trn R1
R1#show arp

4. Truy cp vo CLI ca Router2 (c hostname l R2)

5. t a ch IP cho cng Fa0/0 trn R2 nh sau
R2>en
R2#conf t
R2(config-if)#end

6. Hin ta c mt kt ni gia 2 cng Fa0/0 trn R1 v R2. chc rng kt ni ny
hot ng tt, trn R2 ta ping th ti a ch IP ca cng Fa0/0 trn R1.

R2#ping 10.1.1.1


35

7. Gi xem li bng ARP trn R1 v thy l xut hin thm mt entry dnh cho
cng Fa0/0 trn R2.
R1#show arp

8. Gi ta s xy dng li bng ARP trn R1, chy lnh sau xa thng tin trong bng
ARP ny.
R1#clear arp

9. Xem li bng ARP ca R1 ln cui v ghi nhn li cc entry trong .
R1#show arp


36
Lab 11: Creating a Host table
To bng Host
Lm quen vi bng host ca router. Ta s dng bng host t tn cho a ch IP
thng hay s dng, tc l ta s c mt cp nh x gia tn (dng chui k t) v a ch
IP (dng s).

Chng ta s s dng Router1 v Router2. Hai router ny c ni li vi nhau (bng cp
cho) s dng cng Fa0/0 trn mi router nh hnh sau

C. Cc bc thc hin:
1. Truy cp vo CLI ca Router1 v vo Privileged mode
Router>enable
Router#

2. Vo Configuation mode v t hostname cho Router1 l hn
Router#conf t
Router(config)#hostname hn
hn(config)#

3. t a ch IP cho cng Fa0/0 trn Router1 v kch hot cng ny ln nh sau
hn(config)#interface fa0/0
hn(config-if)#ip address 195.42.36.10 255.255.255.240
hn(config-if)#no shutdown

37

4. Gi ta truy cp vo CLI ca Router2 v vo Privileged mode
Router>enable
Router#

5. Vo Configuation mode v t hostname cho Router2 l hcm
Router#conf t
Router(config)#hostname hcm
hcm(config)#

6. t a ch IP cho cng Fa0/0 trn Router2 v kch hot cng ny ln nh sau
hcm(config)#interface fa0/0
hcm(config-if)#ip address 195.42.36.12 255.255.255.240
hcm(config-if)#no shutdown

7. Thot khi config- if mode. Gi ta khng mun phi g vo a ch IP ca cng
Fa0/0 trn Router1 (hn) mi ln ta th ping ti a ch IP nn ta s to ra mt entry

38
trong bng host ca Router2 (hcm) l nh x gia hostname ca Router1 (l hn,
nhng tht ra bn chn mt tn khc bt k cng c) v IP l 195.42.36.10
hcm(config-if)#exit
hcm(config)#
hcm(config)#ip host hn 195.42.36.10

8. Sau , ta c th ping ti a ch IP ca cng Fa0/0 trn Router2 s dng hostname
l hn ca n
hcm(config)#exit
hcm#ping hn

9. Xc nhn li rng entry trn c trong bng host ca Router1 vi lnh sau
hcm#show hosts


39
Lab 12: Static Routes
Cu hnh Static Route
t a ch IP cho cc interface trn cc Router 1, 2 v 4 v sau thm cc static
route vo bng nh tuyn trn cc router ny chng c th lin lc c vi nhau.
1. t hostname cho cc router v kch hot cc interface ca chng.
2. Ping qua li gia cc interface c kt ni trc tip vi nhau.
3. Thit lp cc static route.
4. Xem bng nh tuyn (routing table).
5. Kim tra li l cc router c th ping qua li ln nhau.

Chng ta s s dng Router 1, 2 v 4.

C. Cc bc thc hin:
1. Di y l s kt ni gia cc router v cc a ch IP c gn cho cc interface
trn cc router.

2. Sau khi cu hnh xong a ch IP trn mi interface nh trong hnh trn, ta s s dng
lnh ping kim tra rng cc router c ni trc tip nhau th c th lin lc c
vi nhau. Tc l khi bn ang Router1 th bn c th ping ti cng Fa0/0 ca
Router 2 v cng Ser2/0 ca Router 4.


40

Trn Router 2: t IP cho cng Fa0/0 v ping th ti cng Fa0/0 ca Router 1

Trn Router 4: t IP cho cng Ser2/0 v ping th ti cng Ser2/0 ca Router 1


41
3. Gi ta bt u cu hnh static route trn mi router. u tin, xem xt R1. Ta cn to
cc static route ti bt k v tr (node) no m cha c kt ni trc tip vi R1.
Nhng r rng, R1 hin ang c kt ni trc tip ti c Router 2 v Router 4 v th
ta khng cn cu hnh bt k static route no trn R1. K tip, ta s kt ni ti R4.

4. Gi vo Configuration mode trn R4 v ngh v cu lnh no c dng cu hnh
static route cho n? Hin ta bit c rng R4 khng th lin lc vi R2 bi 2 router
ny khng c ni trc tip vi nhau. Cng Ser2/0 ca R4 c a ch IP thuc mng
12.5.10.0 v c ni vi cng Ser2/0 ca R1. R1 cng c kt ni trc tip ti
mng 10.1.1.0 l mng m ta mun R4 ti c. Vy trong trng hp ny ta s cn
mt static route cho mng 10.1.1.0. Trn R4, g lnh sau thit lp mt static route
ti mng 10.1.1.0 ny

R4(config)#ip route 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 12.5.10.1

Chng ta va to trn R4 mt route ti mng 10.1.1.0. Gi th bt c khi no mt
gi tin c gi cho mng 10.1.1.0 th n s c gi ti router c a ch IP l
12.5.10.1 ( y l cng Ser2/0 ca R1).

5. Hy xem ta c c iu g qua bc 4. Lc cha to static route trn, ta bit r l
c th ping thnh cng ti cng Ser2/0 ca R1 nhng li khng th ping ti cng
Fa0/0 ca R1. Gi ta va thit lp mt route ti mng 10.1.1.0. chc rng route
ny hot ng tt, ta s th ping ti cng Ser2/0 ca R1, Fa0/0 ca R1 v Fa0/0 ca
R2.

R4#ping 12.5.10.1
R4#ping 10.1.1.1
R4#ping 10.1.1.2


42

6. Qua kt qu ca 3 lnh ping c th hin nh trong hnh trn ta thy, ch c duy nht
a ch IP 10.1.1.2 (cng Fa0/0 ca R2) l khng h gi li bt c gi ICMP reply no
cho R4, ti sao li nh vy?

Bn th hnh dung v suy lun th ny: mt gi tin lun chuyn trong mng (trong
trng hp ny l gi tin ICMP echo m R4 gi ti 10.1.1.2) c a ch mng ch l
10.1.1.0 khi ti R4 th da vo static route (c lu trong bng nh tuyn ca R4)
trn m R4 s quyt nh y gi tin ra ngoi cng Ser2/0 ca n v chuyn ti
cng Ser2/0 ca R1. V do R1 c kt ni trc tip vi mng 10.1.1.0 nn R1 s gi
gi tin ra ngoi cng Fa0/0 ca n.

Sau , R2 nhn c gi tin m va R1 gi ti v n mun phn hi li cho R4 mt
thng ip bo rng Ny, bn tm thy ti ri!. R2 bt u kim tra gi tin v
thy rng a ch IP ngun l 12.5.10.2 (cng Ser2/0 ca R4) nhng trong bng nh
tuyn ca R2 hin cha c route no dnh cho mng 12.5.10.0 (m 12.5.10.2 thuc
v) nn n nh hy b (drop) gi tin ny v ng thi khng gi li gi tin phn hi
cho R4. l l do ti sao R4 khng nhn c gi ICMP reply no khi ping ti
10.1.1.2.

7. Xem bng nh tuyn ca R4 m bo c tn ti static route m ta va to trn

8. hon tt vic cu hnh static route nhm m bo 3 router u lin lc c vi
nhau th ta cn kt ni ti R2 v to mt static route cho mng 12.5.10.0 (mng m
R4 kt ni trc tip ti). G lnh sau trong CLI ca R2


43
R2(config)#ip route 12.5.10.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.1

iu ny c ngha rng bt c gi tin no R2 gi ti mng 12.5.10.0 s phi i qua
10.1.1.1 (cng Fa0/0 ca R1) trc.

9. Tr li R4 v chc rng ta c th ping ti tt c cc interface hin ang hot ng

10. Xem qua bng nh tuyn ca R2

dng c khoanh vin mu xanh ta s thy c k t S c ngha l static route.
K tip ta xem mng ch v thng tin v subnet. [1/0] ln lt cho ta bit gi tr
administrative distance (mc nh l 1) v gi tr metric (trong trng hp l s
lng hop) y l bng 0. Cui cng i ti mng 12.5.10.0 ny th gi tin s cn
i ti a ch 10.1.1.1.

44
Lab 13: RIP
Cu hnh RIP
t a ch IP cho cc interface trn cc Router 1, 2 v 4 v sau cu hnh RIP cho cc
router. C th ta s lm cc cng vic sau:
2. Cu hnh RIP.
3. Chn cc mng c kt ni trc tip vi nhau.
4. Xem bng nh tuyn.
5. Xem thng tin v giao thc RIP.


C. Cc bc thc hin: (cch lm ca bc 1 v 2 ca 2 bi lab 12 v lab 13 ny kh
ging nhau, ch khc nhau cc a ch IP c gn cho cc interface)

1. Di y l s kt ni gia cc router v cc a ch IP c gn cho cc interface
trn cc router.

2. Sau khi cu hnh xong cc a ch IP cho mi interface ta cn kim tra xem cc
Router l hng xm ca nhau (c kt ni trc tip vi nhau) c th thy nhau
(lin lc c) hay khng.

3. Gi ta i vo bc cu hnh RIP lm giao thc nh tuyn cho cc router. Tht d
dng cu hnh vi RIP; u tin ta cn vo Configurarion mode trn R1.
R1#
R1#config t
R1(config)#
4. G lnh sau cu hnh RIP cho R1.

45
R1(config)#router rip
R1(config-router)#

5. Thm cc mng m R1 kt ni trc tip ti.
R1(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0

6. Ta va cu hnh RIP cho R1, gi kt ni ti R2 v vo Configuration mode
R2#
R2#config t
R2(config)#

7. Cu hnh RIP cho R2.
R2(config-router)#

8. Thm (cc) mng m R2 kt ni trc tip ti.

9. Tip theo ta s cu hnh RIP cho R4. Kt ni ti R4 v vo Configuration mode

46
R4#
R4#config t
R4(config)#

10. Cu hnh RIP cho R4.
R4(config-router)#

11. Thm (cc) mng m R4 kt ni trc tip ti.

12. Ta va cu hnh RIP cho tt c cc router. Nhn Ctrl+Z thot khi Privileged
mode v xt xem ta c th ping ti cc router khng c kt ni trc tip vi nhau
(gia R2 v R4) hay khng. T R2, th ping ti cng Ser2/0 ca R4 c a ch IP l
172.16.10.2.

13. Kt ni ti R4 v ping th ti cng Fa0/0 ca R2 c a ch IP l 10.1.1.2.

47

14. Nu R2 v R4 c th ping thnh cng nhau th ta cng cu hnh nh tuyn s
dng RIP thnh cng. Gi ta xem bng nh tuyn ca R4

R4#show ip route

15. Xem thng tin v (cc) giao thc nh tuyn m R4 ang s dng
R4#show ip protocols


48
Lab 14: Troubleshooting RIP
Chn on v x l s c vi RIP
t a ch IP cho cc interface trn cc Router 1, 2 v 4 v sau cu hnh RIP cho cc
router. Sau , ta s quan st cc hot ng nh tuyn s dng lnh debug ip rip. Cn
xem xt cc route trong bng nh tuyn ta s dng lnh show ip route.


C. Cc bc thc hin:
1. Di y hnh m t s kt ni gia cc router v a ch IP c gn cho cc
interface.

2. Cu hnh giao thc nh tuyn RIP trn tt c cc router s dng cc cu lnh network
thch hp


49
Trn Router1

Trn Router2


50
Trn Router4

3. Kim tra m bo rng cc route hin din y trong cc bng nh tuyn ca tt c cc
router vi lnh show ip route.

Trn Router1


51
Trn Router2

Trn Router4


52
4. Trong Privileged mode ca Router1, chy lnh debug ip rip

5. Quan st thng tin u ra xut hin trn mn hnh (lu , c th mt gn 60 giy
cc thng tin debug ny mi hin ra)

6. Nu mun dng li qu trnh hin th thng tin debug ca RIP v tr li cho ta du
nhc lnh, ta cn hy b lnh debug. lm iu ny, g vo lnh undebug all
hoc u all v nhn Enter.

7. Xem bng nh tuyn trn Router2 v 4. Ch cc gi tr Administrative distance v metrics
ca cc route (xem cc hnh chp bc 3).

8. m bo rng cc router c th ping thnh cng ti nhau.


53
Trn Router1

Trn Router2

Trn Router4


54
Lab 15: IGRP
Cu hnh IGRP
t a ch IP cho cc interface trn cc Router 1, 2 v 4 v sau cu hnh giao thc
nh tuyn IGRP cho cc router ny. C th ta s:
2. Cu hnh giao thc nh tuyn IGRP cho cc router.
3. Vi tng router, chn cc mng c kt ni trc tip n.
4. Xem bng nh tuyn ca cc router.
5. Xem thng tin v giao thc IGRP.

Lu c bit: IGRP l mt giao thc ang dn khng cn c h tr trn cc thit b
mng ca Cisco v n c thay th bi EIGRP mt giao thc c nhiu im tng
ng v ci tin hn IGRP. Phin bn ca IOS m Packet Tracer 5.1 gi lp khng h tr
IGRP nn trong bi lab ny ta s cu hnh cho EIGRP lm giao thc nh tuyn thay cho
IGRP.


C. Cc bc thc hin:
1. Di y hnh m t s kt ni gia cc router v a ch IP c gn cho cc
interface.


55
2. Sau khi cu hnh xong a ch IP trn mi interface nh trong hnh trn, ta s s dng
lnh ping kim tra rng cc router c ni trc tip nhau th c th lin lc c
vi nhau. Tc l khi bn ang Router1 th bn c th ping ti cng Fa0/0 ca
Router 2 v cng Ser2/0 ca Router 4.

Trn Router1

Trn Router2


56
Trn Router4

3. Chng ta va cu hnh xong a ch IP cho cc interface, tip n ta s i vo cu
hnh EIGRP lm giao thc nh tuyn cho cc router. iu ny th rt d thc hin,
u tin ta cn vo Configuration mode trn R1
R1>en
R1#conf t

4. G lnh sau cu hnh cho router s dng EIGRP vi tham s Autonomous system
l 100
R1(config)#router eigrp 100

5. Thm cc mng m R1 c kt ni trc tip ti


57
6. Ta va cu hnh xong EIGRP cho R1, gi ta vo Configuration mode ca R2
R2>en
R2#conf t

7. Chn EIGRP lm giao thc nh tuyn cho R2 v nh km theo tham s Autonomous
system ging vi ca R1

8. Thm (cc) mng m R2 ang c kt ni trc tip ti

9. Ta va cu hnh xong EIGRP cho R2, gi ta vo Configuration mode ca R4
R4>en
R4#conf t

10. Chn EIGRP lm giao thc nh tuyn cho R4 v nh km theo tham s Autonomous
system ging vi ca R1

11. Thm (cc) mng m R4 ang c kt ni trc tip ti


58
12. Gi th ta c EIGRP chy trn c 3 router. Tr v Privileged mode ca R2 v th
s dng lnh ping kim tra xem ta c th ping ti cc router khng c kt ni
trc tip ti R2 hay khng. y ta s th ping ti cng Ser2/0 ca R4 c a ch l
172.16.10.2

13. K tip, t R4 ta s th ping ti cng Fa0/0 ca R2 c a ch IP l 10.1.1.2

14. Nu vic ping thnh cng trn c R2 v R4 th coi nh ta hon thnh xong vic cu
hnh nh tuyn cho cc router s dng EIGRP. Gi ta s xem qua bng nh tuyn
ca R1


59
15. Cui cng ta s xem thng tin v giao thc nh tuyn m R1 ang s dng m
bo rng cc cu hnh m ta va thc hin c hiu lc.


60
Lab 16: PPP and CHAP
Cu hnh PPP vi xc thc CHAP
S dng PPP lm phng thc ng gi d liu v cc bc cu hnh CHAP lm phng
thc xc thc bo mt cho kt ni PPP.

S dng Router1 v Router2 c kt ni li vi nhau thng qua cng Se2/0 trn mi
router nh sau:

C. Cc bc thc hin:

1. Truy cp vo Configuration mode ca Router1 v t hostname cho n l R1

2. Cng trn R1, chy lnh sau cu hnh cc tham s (username v password) dng
xc thc vi R2

Trong , R2 l hostname ca Router2, cn mmt03 l mt khu ging nhau cho c R1
v R2.

3. Tip tc, gn a ch IP l 10.1.1.1 vi subnet mask l 255.25.255.0 cho cng S2/0
ca R1. Sau chn phng thc ng gi l PPP vi xc thc l CHAP cho cng
ny. Cui cng, g no shut kch hot cho n.


61

4. Tng t nh cc bc cu hnh cho R1 trn, trn Router2 ta cng thc hin tun t
nh sau:
- t hostname R2.
- Cu hnh cc tham s xc thc: username l R1 (hostname ca Router1) v password
l mmt03 (ging vi mt khu ta va thit lp cho R1 trn).
- Chn phng thc xc thc l CHAP v ng gi l PPP v cho cng S2/0 ca R2
- Kch hot cng S2/0 ca R2 ln.

5. Cui cng, kim tra v xc nhn rng cc cu hnh trn lm vic ng, ta cn
m bo l t R2 c th ping ti cng S2/0 ca R1


62
Lab 18: Saving Router Configurations
Sao lu cu hnh ca Router
Bi lab ny s hng dn bn cch sao lu cu hnh ca router trong trng hp bn v
tnh xa mt cu hnh ny hoc router ca bn b cht.

Chng ta s s dng Router 4 v PC1 lm TFTP Server.

Lu : i vi PC1 th bn cn s dng thit b l Server-PT trong mc End Devices th
mi c dch v TFTP c h tr trn PC1.

M hnh bi lab nh hnh di y. Cng Fa0/0 trn Router 4 c kt ni ti card mng
ca PC1 s dng cp thng (Copper Straight-Through)

C. Cc bc thc hin:

1. Kt ni ti Router 4 v vo Configuration mode
Router>en
Router#conf t

2. Gn hostname l Tampa cho Router 4
Router(config)#hostname Tampa

3. i vo cng Fa0/0 ca Router 4

63
Tampa(config)#int fa0/0

4. Gn a ch IP l 24.37.2.1 vi subnet mask l 255.255.255.0 cho cng Fa0/0 ny
Tampa(config-if)#ip address 24.37.2.1 255.255.255.0

5. Kch hot interface Fa0/0 ln
Tampa(config-if)#no shut

6. Kt ni ti PC 1 v t a ch IP l 24.37.2.252 vi subnet mask l 255.255.255.0,
default gateway l 24.37.2.1 (a ch IP ca cng Fa0/0 trn Router 4)

7. Th ping t PC ti Router chc rng kt ni gia 2 thit b ny hot ng tt
PC>ping 24.37.2.1

8. Kt ni tr li Router 4 v thot khi interface mode. S dng lnh copy chp ni
dung trong running-config ln TFTP server l PC1
Tampa#copy running-config tftp

9. Nhp vo a ch IP ca TFTP server v tn ca file cu hnh m ta s lu tr n trn
TFTP server


64

10. Vo PC1 v xc nhn rng s tn ti ca file running-config m ta va chp t Router
4 ln


65
Lab 19: Loading Router Configurations
Ti v cu hnh ca Router
Bi lab ny s hng dn bn cch ti v v np cu hnh ca router t TFTP server.

Chng ta vn s s dng tip m hnh gm Router 4 v PC1 nh trong bi lab 18. Lu
l bn hon thnh xong cc bc trong lab 18.

C. Cc bc thc hin:

1. Hin ti th file cu hnh ca Router 4 ang c lu tr trn TFTP server c
hostname l Tampa. ng nhp vo Tampa v vo Configuration mode.
Tampa>en
Tampa#conf t

2. t li hostname l Bad_Router.
Tampa(config)#hostname Bad_Router

3. Gi ta s copy cu hnh c lu tr trn TFTP server v ghi ln cu hnh hin ti
m Router 4 ang s dng.
Bad_Router#copy tftp running-config

4. Khi c router nhc nh v a ch IP ca TFTP server, ta nhp vo IP ca PC1 nh
sau
Address or name of remote host []? 24.37.2.252

5. K n ta cn cung cp tn ca file cu hnh cn nhn v t TFTP server.
Source filename []? tampa_running_config

6. Ch mt lt router ti v cu hnh v np n vo running-config

66


67
Lab 20: Frame Relay
Cu hnh Frame Relay
Hiu c cch thit lp Frame Relay trong kt ni WAN.


C. Cc bc thc hin:

1. Trong bi lab ny, ta s cu hnh frame relay gia router 1 v router 2 theo 2 cch:
dng cng giao tip vt l (physical interface) hoc l cng giao tip logic (sub
interfaces). Lu l c 2 router u kt ni ti Cloud bng u DTE

2. Cch 1: cu hnh frame relay dng physical interfaces trn cc cng serial ca
router. Cc bc gm t a ch IP, chnh DLCI, v chnh Imi-type l ANSI.

Trn Router1:


68
Trn Router2:

Kim tra li bng cc lnh show sau

# show frame-relay map
# show frame-relay pvc
# show frame-relay

Cc lnh trn ln lt th hin cc thng tin v Mapping, PVC, LMI


69
3. Cch 2: cu hnh frame relay dng sub interfaces trn cc cng serial ca router. Lu
do vn dng vi thng s cu hnh c nn ta khng cn g qu nhiu cu lnh. Ta
ch cn g a ch IP v frame map t interface gn cho sub interface.

Trn Router1

Trn Router2

Kim tra li bng cc lnh show, lnh ping, kt qu tng t nh cch 1.


70
Lab 24: Introduction to Basic Switch Commands
Cc cu lnh cu hnh Switch c bn
Cu hnh c bn cho switch.

S dng thit b switch c tn Switch1.
C. Cc bc thc hin:
1. Khi truy cp vo Switch1, ta s bt u ti du nhc lnh c bn (i din bi k t
>), tc user mode
2. xem danh sch tt c cc cu lnh hin c th s dng ti ch c bn ny, ta g
du hi chm (?)

3. Gi mun vo Privilege mode (i din bi k t #) - ch cho php ta ton quyn
kim sot thit b th s dng lnh enable
4. Tip tc, xem cc cu lnh sn dng trong Privilege mode, ta li g ?


71
5. Nu mun cu hnh cho switch. G tip lnh config terminal vo
Configuration mode
6. Host name c s dng nhn dng thit b. Khi ng nhp vo switch, bn s
thy Host name nm ng trc du nhc lnh (> hoc #). Bn c th thay i Host
name ch ra v tr hoc chc nng ca switch. Lnh hostname sau y s t tn
cho Switch1 l mmt03

7. S dng lnh enable password thit lp mt khu truy cp cho Privilege
mode. iu ny thc s rt quan trng v trong Privilege mode, bn c th to ra
nhiu thay i cu hnh ca switch nn bn cn gii hn ch nhng ngi bit
c mt khu mi c th ng nhp vo switch cu hnh cho thit b.
C mt cht khc bit v c php lnh khi t mt khu cho switch v router. Trn
cc thit b mng Cisco, c nhiu mc quyn hn - privilege level, v thng c 16
level c nh s t 0 n 15. Mi level c mt tp cc lnh v bn c th iu
chnh li tp cc lnh trong tng level, mc nh th User mode l level 1 v level 15
l Privileged mode. Sau bn c th thit lp cho mt (nhm) ngi dng no
ch c php s dng cc cu lnh thuc level no .
t mt khu l uit cho Privileged mode c level l 15 (tc gi nguyn cu hnh
mc nh) ta thc hin nh sau

8. Gi kim tra mt khu ny, ta tr v User mode (lnh exit) v th vo li Privileged
mode (lnh enable), sau nhp vo mt khu l uit ti du nhc Password:

72

G tip conf term tip tc cc bc sau ca bi lab
9. Vn duy nht i vi enable password l n xut hin trong file cu hnh ca
switch di dng khng m ha (plain-text). Nu bn cn cho ai xem file ny
h c th gip bn khc phc vn no th c th bn v tnh t ph v c
ch bo v ca h thng bng vic l mt khu truy nhp vo Privileged mode ca
switch.
Lnh enable secret di y s thit lp mt khu c lu tr dng m ha
trong file cu hnh ca thit b. ng qun tham s lnh level c gi tr l 15 v
y chui mt khu dng plain-text m ngi dng cn nhp khi mun vo
Privileged mode l cisco.

10. By gi ta th kim tra mt khu enable secret ny bng cch tr v User mode v
sau g enable. Lu l khi tn ti c 2 loi mt khu l enable password v enable
secret th enable secret s c u tin s truy nhp vo Privileged mode. Do vy,
y ta cn nhp vo chui mt khu l cisco.

Nh vy ta tm hiu xong cc lnh cu hnh cn bn cho Switch.


73
Lab 28: Standard Access Lists
Danh sch kim sot truy cp chun
Tm hiu v thc hnh cu hnh cc danh sch kim sot truy cp chun (Standard ACL).

Chng ta s s dng Router 1, 2 v 4 vi cc cng c kt ni v t a ch IP theo
m hnh nh sau:

C. Cc bc thc hin:
1. Trn Router1, t a ch IP cho cc cng Fa0/0 v Ser2/0 nh sau:

2. Trn Router2, t a ch IP cho cng Fa0/0 nh sau:

74

3. T Router2, ping ti a ch IP ca cng Fa0/0 ca Router1

4. Trn Router4, t a ch IP cho cng Ser2/0 nh sau:

Sau ping th ti a cha IP ca cng Ser2/0 ca Router1

5. Cu hnh RIP cho Router1 v thm network dnh cho cc cng Fa0/0 v Ser2/0

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6. Cu hnh RIP cho Router2 v thm network dnh cho cng Fa0/0

7. Cu hnh RIP cho Router4 v thm network dnh cho cng Ser2/0

8. T Router4, ping th ti a ch IP ca cng Fa0/0 ca Router2


76
9. Gi ta s cu hnh ACL trn Router2 chn kh nng Router4 ping ti Router2. Vo
ch Configuration. Sau , to mt access-list 1 ch chn a ch IP 24.17.2.18
(cng Ser2/0 ca Router4) theo sau l lnh access-list permit any
cho php tt c cc a ch IP khc c gi gi tin ti cng Fa0/0 ca Router2.

Ngoi lnh access-list 1 deny host 24.17.2.18, ta cn c th s dng
hai lnh tng ng sau:

# access-list 1 deny 24.17.2.18 0.0.0.0
v
# access-list 1 deny 24.17.2.18

10. Sau khi to xong access-list trn, ta cn gn n cho cng Fa0/0 ca Router2 ng
thi ch ra hng i ca gi tin m access-list ny s kim sot (i vo hay i ra t
cng Fa0/0 ca Router2). in c ngha l cc gi tin n t mng v s i vo router
v out c ngha rng cc gi tin i ra khi router v i vo mng.

11. Kim tra li rng by gi Router4 khng th ping ti cng Fa0/0 ca Router2 na.


77
Lab 29: Verify Standard Access Lists
Kim tra li cu hnh Standard ACL
Kim tra xem access-list c cu hnh ng hay cha.

- Yu cu: hon thnh xong lab 28 (Standard Access List)
- Chng ta s tip tc lm vic vi m hnh ca lab 28.

C. Cc bc thc hin:
1. bc u tin ny ta s xem xt xem c th ping ti Router2 t Router4 khng.
Kt ni ti Router4 v th ping ti cng Fa0/0 ca Router2 (c a ch IP l
24.17.2.2). Nu bn nhn c 5 du chm nh hnh sau th access-list m ta to
lab 28 lm vic ng.

2. Truy cp vo Router2 v thm tra xem cc access-list ca ta ang chy trn cc
interface no, xem ni dung ca running-config


78
3. Ta cng c th xem cc access-list c p dng cho cc interface no bng lnh
show ip interface

4. Lnh show access-lists s cho ta bit cc access-list no m ta to trn
router. N cng s cho ta bit cc entry no trong access-list c s dng v s
lng gi tin m router cho php hoc b chn.


79
Lab 30: Extended Access Lists
Danh sch kim sot truy cp m rng
Tm hiu v thc hnh cu hnh cc danh sch kim sot truy cp m rng (Extended
ACL).

S dng li m hnh cng nh cc bc cu hnh a ch IP cho cc interface v RIP trn
cc router tng t bi lab 28.

Lu : Nu bn thc hin cu hnh Standard ACL lab 28 th trc khi i vo cc
bc ca lab 29 ny, bn cn thc hin lnh no ip access-group 1 trn cng
Fa0/0 ca Router2 (hoc s dng lnh no ip access-list standard 1 trong
ch Configuration ca Router2)

C. Cc bc thc hin: (t bc 1 -> 8, thc hin ging lab 28)
9. Hai extended access list m ta s to ra sau y c 2 tc dng khc nhau. u tin, ta
s ch cho php subnet ni trc tip vi cng S2/0 ca Router1 c telnet ti cng
S2/0 ca Router1. lm iu ny ta chy lnh sau trong ch Configuration ca
Router1.

Router1(config)#access-list 101 permit tcp 24.17.2.16
0.0.0.15 any eq telnet

10. Tip n ta s cho php bt k gi tin no t subnet 24.17.2.0 bng lnh sau

Router1(config)#access-list 102 permit ip 24.17.2.0
0.0.0.15 any

11. Gi ta cn gn cc access-list ny cho cc interface. Di y l cc lnh dng gn
access-list 101 cho cng S2/0 ca Router1 theo hng inbound (cc gi tin i
vo cng ny s chu s kim sot).

Router1(config)#int S2/0
Router1(config)#ip access-group 101 in
Router1(config)#exit

12. Vi cng Fa0/0 th ta cn gn access-list 102 hng inbound.
Router1(config)#int F0/0
Router1(config)#ip access-group 102 in

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Router1(config)#exit

13. Nh vy l ta hon thnh xong cc yu cu ca bi lab ny. bi lab k tip ta s
thc hin cc bc thm nh rng cc access-list trong bi ny c cu hnh
chun xc.


81
Lab 31: Verify Extended Access Lists
Kim tra Extended Access Lists
Kim tra li cc cu hnh access-list bi lab 30.

- S dng li m hnh cng nh cc bc cu hnh a ch IP cho cc interface v RIP
trn cc router tng t bi lab 28.
- hon thnh cu hnh extended access list trong bi lab 30.

C. Cc bc thc hin:
1. Gi ta s kim tra xem cc access-list lab 30 c c cu hnh ng cha. Kt ni
ti Router4 v th ping ti cng S2/0 ca Router1. Nu ping khng thnh cng th
access-list 101 ang lm vic ng.

2. Tip n ta cn kim tra xem t Router4 c c php telnet ti Router1 cha. Kt
ni ti Router1 v cho php truy cp bng telnet, sau thit lp mt khu cho kt
ni telnet l mmt03.


82
3. Gi kt ni tr li Router4 v th telnet ti Router1

Router4#telnet 24.17.2.17

4. Nu thy du nhc lnh ca router i thnh Router1 th tc l ta telnet thnh cng
ti Router1. Gi chy lnh exit hoc nhn gi t hp phm control+shift+6+x
tr li Router4. Sau , g tip lnh disconnect 1 ng kt ni telnet ti
Router1. Nh vy, ta cu hnh ng cho access-list.

5. Gi kt ni ti Router2 v kim tra xem ta c th ping ti cng S2/0 ca Router4 hay
khng

6. Kt qu cho thy ta khng th lnh ping bc 5 khng thnh cng, ti sao li nh
vy? Hy mng tng ra qu trnh m gi tin lu chuyn trong mng. Gi tin bt
u ti Router2, i qua Router1 v c chuyn ti Router4. Sau , ti Router4, gi
tin c ng gi li v gi tr v cho Router1. Khi Router4 ng gi li gi tin, IP
ngun ca gi tin tr thnh IP ch v IP ch tr thnh IP ngun. Khi gi tin gp phi
access-list trn cng S2/0 ca Router1 th n b chn li bi v IP ngun ca gi tin l
a ch ca cng S2/0 ca Router4.

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7. Gi ta kim tra xem t Router2 c th ping ti cng Fa0/0 ca Router1 (24.17.2.1)
hay khng

8. Nu ping c th ta c th kim tra thm kh nng telnet ti Router1 nh sau:

9. thm tra access-list no c gn cho interface no, ta s xem ni dung ca
running-config


84
10. Ngoi ra, ta cng c th s dng lnh show ip interface t c mc ch
nh bc 9

11. Lnh show access-lists s cho bit cc access-list no c to trn router.
N cng cho ta bit cc entry no ca access-list c s dng v c bao nhiu gi
tin c php hoc b t chi bi access-list.


85
Lab 32: Named Access Control Lists
Named Access Control Lists
To mt ACL c gn tn (thay v c nhn dng bi con s nh trong cc bi lab
trc) cm tt c cc gi ping t PC ti Router1 nhng cho php truy cp t Router4
ti Router1. Ta s cu hnh cc ACL ny trn Router1

Xy dng m hnh kt ni gia PC v cc router v cu hnh IP cho cc thit nh hnh
di y:

C. Cc bc thc hin:
1. Cu hnh giao thc nh tuyn RIP trn c 2 router s dng cc lnh network thch
hp (xem li lab 13)
2. Chy lnh show ip route m bo cc tuyn ng trong bng nh tuyn
ca cc router l y v chnh xc. Sau kim tra kt ni gia cc thit b bng
lnh ping.


86
Trn Router1

Trn Router4

3. Gi ta s ngn chn tt c cc lu lng ping xut pht t PC v c gi cho
Router1. Access list ny c th nm trn Router4 hoc Router1. Thng th ta s c
access list c t trn router m nm gn ngun (gi gi tin) nht c th v iu ny
gip loi b nguy c cc lu lng khng cn thit di chuyn trong mng. Nhng v
d ny, ta s t access list trn Router1 vi hng inbound nh sau:


87

Theo hnh trn th:

- Cu lnh u tin ch r kiu ca access list l extended.
- Dng lnh th hai c tc dng t chi bt k gi ICMP no c gi t host c IP l
192.168.1.1 v ch n l host c IP l 192.168.1.1. rng ta dng tham s
lnh host cho phn u (source address) ca access list v dng wildcard 0.0.0.0 cho
phn hai (destination address) ca access list. C host v wildcard y u c tc
dng ging nhau l xc nh a ch IP ca mt host c th (ch khng phi mt tp
cc IP).
- Lnh th ba cho bit rng tt c cc lu lng khc u khng b chn bi access list.

4. K tip ta s gn access list va to trn cho cng S2/0 ca Router1 v access list
ny s dnh cho hng inbound.

5. Gi kt ni ti PC v th ping ti cng S2/0 ca Router1 nh sau


88

Ta thy, PC c IP l 192.168.1.18 khng th ping ti IP 192.168.1.1, Nh vy, access list
ca ta lm vic ng theo yu cu.

Xc nhn rng t Router4 c th ping thnh cng ti Router1 nh sau


89
Lab 33: Advanced Extended Access List
Nng cao v Extended Access List
Cu hnh Extended Access List lc nhiu loi lu lng mng (traffic) khc nhau nh:
- Lc cc traffic gi t network ny ti network kia.
- Lc cc traffic gi t host ti network.
- Lc cc traffic gi t network ti host.

1. Xy dng s mng v cu hnh IP cho cc thit b nh hnh sau:

2. Cu hnh RIP cho tt c cc router s dng cc cu lnh network thch hp.
3. m bo rng cc route trong bng nh tuyn ca cc router c to ra y
v chnh xc vi lnh show ip route.
4. Kim tra kt ni gia cc thit b bng lnh ping.

C. Cc bc thc hin:
Kim sot traffic gi t network ny ti network kia.
1. Access list u tin ta to ra s ch cho php cc traffic (s dng protocol bt k) t
mng Administration (gm PC4 v PC5) gi ti mng Corporate HQ (gm PC1).
lm iu ny ta s s dng extended access list nh sau:


90
access-list 100 permit ip 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.127
192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255
access-list 100 permit ip 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 any

- Cu lnh u c ngha rng cc IP nm trong di (192.168.1.0 -> 192.168.1.127)
c php gi bt k traffic no ti cc IP thuc mng 192.168.3.0/24.

- Cu lnh th hai c ngha rng cc cc IP thuc mng 192.168.2.0/24 c php gi
bt k traffic no ti bt k mng no. V ngm nh, di cng access list lun c
mt entry mang ngha cm tt c cc traffic vo/ra nn ta cn ti lnh ny cc
router1 v router2 c th trao i (dng broadcast) cc thng tin nh tuyn (RIP) cho
nhau.

2. V traffic xut pht t Router2 v i n Router1 nn ta s cu hnh v gn access list
cho cng S2/0 ca Router1 kim tra tt c cc traffic gi n cng ny (hng
inbound).

3. kim tra access list ny, th ping PC1 t PC2, PC3, PC4 v PC5. Nu PC2 v PC3
khng th ping ti PC1 nhng PC4 v PC5 th c th th ta access list lm vic
ng theo yu cu.

Trn PC2


91
Trn PC4

Kim sot traffic gi t host ny ti host kia
1. Phn tip theo ca bi lab ny, ta s kha vic truy cp n file server (PC5) t mt
my trm c th (PC2). thc hin iu ny, ta s to mt access list trn Router2
c tc dng chn tt c cc traffic gi t PC2 n PC5. Sau gn access list ny cho
cng Fa0/0 ca Router2.

2. Gi kt ni ti PC2 v xc nhn rng ta khng th ping ti PC5 nhng t PC3 ta c
th ping ti PC5

Trn PC2


92
Trn PC3

Kim sot traffic gi t network cho host
1. Trc khi bt u cu hnh cho access list mi ny, ta cn loi b cc access list trn
Router1 v Router2 va to trn nh sau:

Trn Router1

Trn Router2

2. kch bn cui cng ny, ta s chn tt c cc traffic gi n PC1 t vng Network
Users nh trong s mng trn. lm iu ny, ta s vit mt extended access
list nh sau:


93
access-list 102 deny ip 192.168.1.128 0.0.0.127 host
192.168.3.2
access-list 102 permit ip any any

Ri gn access list 102 ny cho cng S2/0 ca Router2 vi hng outbound.

kim tra access list c lm vic ng cha, th ping PC1 t PC2 hoc PC2, nu
ping tht bi th chc mng, ta hon thnh xong bi lab 33 ny.


94

Lab 34: Introduction to Telnet
Lm quen vi Telnet trn Router
Tm hiu vic thit lp phin kt ni Telnet gia 2 router.

- S dng Router1 v Router2 c kt ni trc tip vi nhau thng qua cng Ethernet
trn 2 router ny.

- Cu hnh a ch IP cho cc cng Fa0/0 trn 2 router nh s trn. Sau kim tra
kt ni gia chng bng lnh ping.

C. Cc bc thc hin:
1. Kt ni vo Router1. y, Router1 ng vai tr lm thit b tip nhn cc yu cu
thit lp phin telnet v quy nh mt khu m cc thit b khc cn s dng nu
mun telnet vo n.
- Vo ch Configuration ca Router1.
- Truy cp vo cc line vty (virtual terminal). Mi vty i din cho mt phin telnet
ang hot ng v thng c ti a 15 line vty trn router. Router1 h tr cng
lc 5 phin telnet (tng ng vi 5 vty) th cu lnh m ta cn g vo y l
line vty 0 4


95

2. Gi ta cn bo cho Router1 bit rng ta s i hi ngi dng cung cp mt khu
ng nhp khi h mun telnet vo Router1 s dng lnh login.

3. G vo mt khu c s dng thit lp phin telnet, y ta chn mt khu l
mmt03

4. Vo Router2. G lnh sau kt ni telnet n Router1 s dng a ch IP ca cng
Fa0/0 trn Router1.

Sau , g vo mt khu l mmt03 ng nhp. Nu du nhc lnh tr v l
Router1> th ta telnet thnh cng vo Router1.

5. Gi nhn ng thi t hp phm Ctrl+Shift+6, sau th ra v ngay lp tc
nhn phm x. Bn s nhn thy rng du nhc lnh (hostname) i thnh Router2
tc l gi ta quay li lm vic vi Router2 (v phin telnet va to vn c duy tr).


96

6. Tip tc, g lnh show sessions xem tt c cc phin telnet ang hot ng.
tr li lm vic vi phin telnet no , xc nh con s i din cho phin telnet
ri s dng lnh resume nh sau:

y, s 1 tng ng vi phin telnet ti IP 192.168.1.1 (Router1) v ta thy rng
du nhc lnh quay v li l Router1.

7. Gi nhn t hp phm Ctrl+Shift+6 theo sau l phm x li quay v
Router2. Cui cng g lnh disconnect 1 kt thc phin telnet ti Router1


97
Lab 35: Introduction to VLAN
Gii thiu v VLAN
Bit c nhng u im ca VLAN.

S dng Router, Switch v PC1, PC2 c kt ni v cu hnh IP nh hnh sau.
Chng ta s cu hnh cho Router v Switch h tr VLAN. Mc ch ca lab ny l
thit lp cc PC1 v PC2 c th ping c cho nhau thng qua switch. Sau ta s thay
i cc VLAN trn switch chng khng th ping cho nhau cng nh khng th ping
ti router c na. Cui cng ta s thay i cu hnh trn Switch cc PC thuc cng
VLAN v xem xt rng chng li c th ping cho nhau.

C. Cc bc thc hin:

1. Bt u bng vic cu hnh a ch IP cho cng Fa0/0 ca Router nh sau.


98
2. Kt ni ti PC1 v t IP cho n nh sau

3. Kt ni ti PC2 v t IP cho n nh sau

4. T PC2, kim tra ping thnh cng ti PC1 v Router


99
5. Gi kt ni ti Switch v cu hnh VLAN. Mc nh, th tt c cc cng (port) trn
switch u nm trong cng VLAN c ID l 1 (VLAN 1). Trong trng hp ny ta s
thit t cho port Fa1/1 ca switch (hin ang ni vi PC1) vo mt VLAN c ID l
22 tch bit vi cc port cn li. Bt u to mt VLAN mi c ID l 22 nh sau:

Nu mun bn c th t tn cho VLAN 22 ny gip nhn dng v phn bit d
dng hn gia cc VLAN, nh trong hnh trn ta t l pc1-pc2.

6. Gi ta cn gn cc port vo VLAN 22 va to bc 5. Di y s gn port Fa1/1
ca Switch ang ni vi PC1 vo VLAN 22.

7. Tip n ta kt ni li vo PC2 v th ping ti PC1 v Router th kt qu nh sau:


100
Nh hnh trn ta thy, PC2 c th ping ti Router nhng PC1 khng th ping c
PC1. Ti sao li nh vy?

Trn Switch, ta cu hnh cho VLAN 22 ch gm port Fa1/1. iu ny c ngha
rng tt c cc port cn li (Fa0/1, Fa2/1 -> Fa5/1) vn cn nm trong VLAN 1. V
th, khi PC2 (hin ang ni vi port Fa2/1) gi gi tin ping ti Switch th cc gi tin
c nh du l VLAN 1 v cng ng ngha vi vic chng ch c th i ra khi
cc port thuc VLAN 1 m thi. V kt qu l chng (cc gi tin ping t PC2) khng
th i ra khi port Fa0/1 thuc VLAN 22 ti PC1.

8. Gi ta li kt ni tr li Switch v cu hnh VLAN cho port Fa2/1 (hin ang ni vi
PC2) nm trong VLAN 22 nh sau

9. Gi kt ni li vi PC2 v th ping li ti Router v PC1


101
S khc l y l g? Hin PC2 c th ping ti PC1 nhng vn khng th ping
ti Router. L do l v lc ny gi tin ping t PC2 c nh du l VLAN 22, tc l
n ch c th i ra khi port Fa0/1 ang c ni vi PC1 v cng thuc VLAN 22.
y cng chnh l mc ch ca bi lab m ta mun thc hin.

10. Kt ni tr li Switch v s dng lnh show vlan (hoc show vlan brief)
xem xt vic phn nh VLAN

11. Cui cng, kt ni li vo Switch v gn port Fa0/1 vo VLAN 22 cho php c 3
thit b (Router, PC1, PC2) c th ping c ln nhau.

12. Kim tra li vic ping thnh cng gia Router, PC1 v PC2 bng cch t Router ping
ti PC1 v PC2


102
Lab 36: VLAN Trunking Protocol
Cu hnh VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP)
To cc VLAN trn switch Catalyst 2950.
Gn cng lc nhiu port vo cc VLAN
Cu hnh giao thc VTP thit lp kt ni gia VTP server v VTP client.
To mt ng trunk gia 2 switch lm knh truyn dn gip ng b thng tin v
VLAN gia cc switch.
Kim tra cu hnh ca VLAN v VTP.

Trong Packet Tracer, s dng 2 switch 2950-24 v chng c kt ni nh sau

C. Cc bc thc hin:
1. t a ch IP cho interface VLAN1 ca Switch1 nh sau

2. t a ch IP cho interface VLAN1 ca Switch2 nh sau


103
3. Kim tra kt ni thnh cng gia 2 switch bng cch ping qua li gia chng

T Switch1 ping ti Switch2

T Switch2 ping ti Switch1

4. Ti Switch1, to vlan 18 v vlan 14. Sau gn cc port 0/2-0/5 cho vlan 8 v cc
port 0/6-0/10 cho vlan 14


104
5. S dng lnh show vlan xc nhn cu hnh vlan va to trn l chnh xc

6. Mc nh th Catalyst switch c cu hnh lm VTP Server. Gi ta mun thit lp
cho Switch1 lm VTP Server cn Switch2 lm VTP Client. Ngoi ra thay i VTP
domain thnh UIT v VTP password l mmt03

Trn Switch1 thc hin cc lnh sau

Trn Switch2 thc hin cc lnh sau


105
7. K tip ta cn to mt ng trunk truyn ti cc thng tin cu hnh vlan t
Switch1 sang Switch2. lm iu ny, ta s bt trunking trn cc port ni gia 2
switch, y l 2 port Fa0/1 ca mi switch. Phng thc ng gi (encapsulation)
c s dng l 802.1q.

Trn Switch1, thc hin cc lnh sau

Trn Switch2, thc hin cc lnh sau

8. Cui cng, xem thng tin v cc VLAN m Switch2 cp nht t Switch1 th ti
Switch2 g lnh show vlan

Cn xem thng tin trng thi lm vic ca VTP ta g


106
Lab 37: OSPF Single Area Configuration and Testing
Cu hnh OSPF (Single Area)
Cu hnh v kim tra hot ng ca giao thc nh tuyn OSPF trn router vi cc bc
c bn sau:
1. t hostname cho cc router v kch hot cc interface cn c s dng.
2. Cu hnh OSPF trn cc router.
3. Chn cc mng c kt ni trc tip vi nhau.
4. Xem xt bng nh tuyn.
5. Xem thng tin v giao thc OSPF.

S dng cc Router1, 2 v 4 c cc interface c kt ni nh sau:

C. Cc bc thc hin:

1. Sau khi cu hnh a ch IP cho cc interface ca cc router nh m hnh trn v xc
nhn rng cc router c ni trc tip vi nhau c th ping thnh cng ti nhau, tc
l R1 c th ping ti cng Fa0/0 ca R2 v cng Se2/0 ca R4.

2. Tip n ta s cu hnh OSPF lm giao thc nh tuyn trn cc router. iu ny rt
d thc hin, u tin ta cn vo Configuration mode trn R1. Sau chy lnh sau:

#router ospf 100

107
(vi 100 l Process ID)

3. Thm vo a ch mng ca cc mng ang c kt ni trc tip vi R1 s dng
lnh sau:

4. Gi vo Configuration mode ca R2, sau chn OSPF lm giao thc nh tuyn v
thm vo (cc) mng c kt ni trc tip vi R2 bng cch thc hin tun t cc
lnh sau:

5. Tng t, ta vo Configuration mode ca R4, sau chn OSPF lm giao thc nh
tuyn v thm vo (cc) mng c kt ni trc tip vi R4 bng cch thc hin tun
t cc lnh sau

6. Hin ti th OSPF ang chy trn c 3 router. Nhn <Ctr>l + Z thot khi
Privileged mode v kim tra xem ta gia cc router khng c kt ni trc tip c
th ping thnh cng ti nhau hay khng. T R2 th ping ti cng Se2/0 ca R4 c IP
l 172.16.10.2


108

7. K n kt ni vo R4 v th ping ti cng Fa0/0 ca R2 vi IP l 10.1.1.2

8. Nu kt qu ca 2 lnh ping trn thnh cng th ta hon thnh xong cu hnh nh
tuyn s dng OSPF cho cc router. Gi xem qua bng nh tuyn trn R2 vi lnh
sau

9. Trn R1, bit thng tin v giao thc nh tuyn m router ang s dng, ta chy
lnh sau


109
10. Lnh sau s hin th ni dung c s d liu ca OSPF

11. hin th tt c cc router k cn vi R1, g lnh sau

12. Cui cng, hin th tt c cc interface ca router ang s dng OSPF, ta chy lnh
sau:

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