Ng php

Mo t a - an - the (dng trc danh t)

Vi mo t the, chng ta dng cho danh t, vt th hoc phi vt th, c xc
nh rtrong ng cnh ang c nhc n.
Vi mo t a hoc an, chng ta dng cho danh t, vt th hoc phi vt th, vi
s lng l MT v khng c xc nh r.
(an ng trc danh t bt u bng nguyn m a, e, i, o v u, cn li s c
dng vi a)
V d:
1) He is a doctor. -> Anh y l mt bc s.
Phn tch: danh t doctor khng c xc nh r, v bn ch bit anh y lm
ngh bc s, m khng bit r hn bc s no, lm g..v..v.. trong ng cnh .
Nn, nu vit: "He is the doctor." -> Sai.
Song, nu c mt ng cnh r rng hn, bn s c th dng "the", v d: He
is thedoctor who saves my life. -> Anh y l ngi bc s cu ti.
Phn tch: trong ng cnh ny, danh t doctor c xc nh r bng mnh
quan h "who saves my life" trong ng cnh ca cu, nn c th dng the.
2) I catch a fish. The fish is still alive. -> Ti bt mt con c. Con c vn cn
sng.
Phn tch: cu u, v cu ni ch mang thng tin chung chung l "Ti bt mt
con c" m khng ni g thm, mo t a c s dng. Ti cu sau, mo
t the c s dng v ng cnh c r rng hn, ngi ni v ngi
nghe xc nh c con c t cu trc (Con c no? -> Con c m ti bt
c).