Vmux 400

RAD International Technical Seminar
Abis & Ater Optimization
Presented by:
CBNetworks
Technical Support
support.technique@cbnetworks.fr
http://www.cbnetworks.fr
May 2007
Agenda
Background
Vmux-400/420 features
How does it work?
Vmux-4.xx Configurator Tool
Statistics
Interoperability
Applications
http://www.cbnetworks.fr - support.technique@cbnetworks.fr
Abis & Ater Gateway TS-2007 Slide 2
Optimization Market Needs

Market potential:
1 Billion potential cellular subscribers in GSM rural areas (Nokia
Chairman)
Cellular backhaul relies on leased lines, private networks and
satellite connections
Backhaul costs reach 40-60% of the operators OpEx
2.5G / 3G services and mobile users increase incurs additional
network investments (optimized 2G leased lines can be transferred
to 3G networks)
Connectivity optimization reduces costs
GSM Network Architecture

Interface:
Solution:
E(PCM)
Vmux-2100/
Gmux-2000
A(PCM) / Ater*
Vmux-2100 / 420*
Abis
Vmux-400/420
BSC
BTS
BTS
PSTN
MSC
BSC
BTS
BTS
BTS
MSC
BSC
BTS
HLR
BTS
BTS
VLR
*Depends on the GSM Transcoder location:
BTS
- if located at MSC Ater (Vmux-420)

- if located at BSC A Interface (Vmux-2100/Gmux-2000)
BTS Base Transceiver Station
BSC Base Station Controller
MSC Mobile Switching Centre
HLR & VLR Home & Visitor Location Registers
(= BSS)
Optimization and not Compression

BSC
Ater
Abis
Optimized data
BTS
ABIS/ ATER contains:

1. Compressed voice
2. Idle channels
3. Silence within active calls
4. Signaling + headers [ = overhead]
5. Data (such as GPRS / EDGE)
Agenda
Background
How does it work?
Statistics
Interoperability
Applications
Vmux-400 Features
Average Optimization: Up to 3:1 (fractional uplink)
User Input: 1 or 2xE1/T1 (ordering option)
Uplink Interfaces: E1/T1, ETH/IP, Serial (all built-in)
Clocking: Clock is transferred even when using ETH/IP
uplink
Power Options: AC/DC
Data compression: (NEW)

Compresses ~ 10% - 15% more
during peak hours (License is needed)
Point to Multipoint (using bundles)
Voice CODECs
Interoperability with all Major vendors
Tools, such as Bandwidth Calculator, Configurator
Vmux-420 (Beta) Features

All Vmux-400 features (except Serial Uplink & T1)
User Input: Up to 12xE1 (4, 8, or 12 - ordering option)
Uplink Interfaces: Up to 6xE1 or ETH/IP (all built-in)
Chassis: 1U, 19 wide
Redundancy: full redundancy (Carrier Class Product)
Dry Contact Alarm Relay
TDM trunks aggregation (grooming)

Interoperability between Vmux-400 and Vmux-420
Vmux-420 Back Panel
2 Fully redundant Main Modules, in case of H.W

malfunction
All ports connected to both Main Modules, supplying FULL
redundancy
Vmux-400/420 Management
User terminal
Telnet
RV-LITE + SNMP traps
ConfiguRAD
Agenda
Background
How does it work?
Statistics
Interoperability
Applications
Operation
Optimization process
1.
Suppress Idle channels
2.
Suppress traffic when there are Silence frames within active calls*
3.
Remove Signaling HDLC flags (only valid signaling is transferred)

Suppress signaling FISU & LSSU (ATER segment only)
Vmux-400/420
Vmux-400/420
FROM
BSC
Optimized Data
(MSC)
ABIS (/ ATER)
Compressed Voice
BTS (/BSC)
Optimization
(* when DTX mode is active in the GSM network)

Data Compression
How does it works?
- The data compression unit accumulates information coming from the optimization unit and
compresses it. The information is compressed similar to Zip a file in PC
Performance
- Saves about 10 - 15% bandwidth during peak hours.
- Higher performance when there is more Data traffic (GPRS / EDGE - up to 50%)
- There are 2 compression levels: Normal level and High level.
Why Data?
- The output from the optimization unit contains data and not voice
- This is non-destructive compression.
Tradeoff for High Packet loss level

- Sensitive to packet loss therefore it is only good for networks with low packet loss.
License dependant
Vmux-400/420
Vmux-400/420
Optimized + Compressed Data
ABIS / ATER
Compressed Voice
BTS
Optimization
Data
Compression
Traffic Types Supported VOICE

Voice Codecs:
FR (Full Rate)
EFR (Enhanced Full Rate)

AMR (Adaptive Multi-Rate)
HR (Half Rate)
AMR-HR
Up to 24 timeslots
Per Vmux-400 *
Vmux-400/420 can automatically

detect the GSM sub-channel rate
(16kbps or 8kbps)
* Current H.W. limitation (there is no limitation for the Vmux-420)

Traffic Types Supported DATA

SMS / WAP:
Transferred as part of the signaling
channel.
GPRS:
CS* 1,2,3 and 4 transported over timeslots
configured for TRAU traffic => BTS can use
any TRAU timeslot to transmit GPRS
EDGE:
Transported over timeslots configured for
TRANSPARENT.
BTS must use a predefined set of
timeslots for EDGE services
*CS = Code Scheme

Clocking over TDM/IP Link

RCV (Ingress)
RCV (Uplink)
Vmux-400
TDM\IP
Network
Vmux-400/420
ADAPTIVE = ENABLE
ADAPTIVE = ENABLE
For IP uplink
For IP uplink
BTS
BSC
(LBT)
(Clk Source)
Clock transferred from BSC to BTS over any transmission

network (Adaptive clock recovery mechanism enables to transfer
the clock over ETH/IP unique feature!)
Clocking over Satellite IP Link

RCV (Ingress)
Internal
Vmux-400/OCXO
ADAPTIVE = DISABLE
Vmux-400/420
IP network
ADAPTIVE = DISABLE
BTS
BSC
(LBT)
(Clk Source)
OCXO* (ordering option) for highly accurate internal oscillator

operating at 2.048Mhz 0.5 ppm (use when IP network jitter is
higher than 50 msec)
* Only needed on the BTS side

Signaling Rate Detection
Signaling Rate Detection
Vmux-400/420 can automatically detect the data rate of the signaling channels (16,
32 or 64Kbps)
Before Vmux- 400/420 detects
After Vmux- 400/420 detects
signaling channels rate

Ts#
|
v
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Type
Dynamic
Dynamic
Dynamic
Dynamic
Dynamic
Dynamic
Dynamic
Dynamic
Dynamic
Dynamic
signaling channels rate
Byte
Reversal
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Bundle#
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Ts#
|
v
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Type
Sig64
Sig64
Sig64
Dynamic
Dynamic
Dynamic
Dynamic
Dynamic
Dynamic
Dynamic
Byte
Reversal
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Bundle#
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Available Time Slot Types:

All set to Dynamic
TRAU: GSM Speech

Sig64/Sig32/Sig16: HDLC Signaling, 64/32/16 kbps
Trp64/Trp32/Trp16: Transparent data, 64/32/16 kbps
Timeslot Type Detection (Ericsson)
Timeslot Type Detection (Ericsson)
After reboot, the Ericsson BSS changes timeslot assignment for speech and signaling. To
support this Vmux-400/420 can automatically detect the timeslot type (speech or signaling).
Before Vmux-400/420 detects timeslots type

Ts#
|
v
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Type
Dynamic
Dynamic
Dynamic
Dynamic
Dynamic
Dynamic
Dynamic
Dynamic
Dynamic
Dynamic
Byte
Reversal
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Bundle#
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
After Vmux-400/420 detects timeslots type

Ts#
|
v
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Type
Sig64
Sig64
Sig64
TRAU
TRAU
TRAU
TRAU
TRAU
Dynamic
Dynamic
Byte
Reversal
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Bundle#
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

All set to Dynamic
TRAU: GSM Speech

Agenda
Background
How does it work?
Statistics
Interoperability
Applications
Vmux-4.xx Configurator Tool:

Step 1
1. Site survey
Collecting information from the
mobile operator:
1.
Site survey
2.
Configuration
3.
Bandwidth estimation
Configuration Tool
- GSM segment: ATER/ ABIS

- Vendor
- Uplink type: TDM / IP
- Timeslot assignment
- Downstream DTX (y/n)
- Clock transfer

Step 2
2. Configuration parameters
Configure device according to
the information we got from
the survey.
1.
Site survey
2.
Configuration
3.
Configuration Tool
EXAMPLE:
Alcatel Time Slot Configuration
BSC/BTS Configuration:
(6 x TRX, 48 GSM speech channels)
1.
Site survey
2.
Configuration
3.
Configuration Tool
Vmux-400 Time Slot Table:

Display Time Slots Configuration
Ts#
1
2
| 3
v 4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Type
-Sig64
TRAU
TRAU
Sig16
TRAU
TRAU
TRAU
TRAU
TRAU
Byte Reversal
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Bundle#
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

TRAU: GSM Speech


Step 3
3. Bandwidth considerations
Bandwidth is influenced by the
following parameters:
1.
Site survey
2.
Configuration
3.
Configuration Tool
Fixed
- Timeslot assignment
- Uplink type (IP or TDM)
- Using Downstream DTX.
Estimated
- Estimated silence within calls
- Estimated idle channels

Vmux-400/420 Configuration tool
1.
Site survey
2.
Configuration
3.
Configuration Tool
Vmux-400 Configuration guide
Try it in workshop
Available at: http://www.cbnetworks.fr/ftp/rad/outils/ InfoCenter Technical Resources

Agenda
Background
How does it work?
Statistics
Interoperability
Applications
Statistics
Uplink statistics: TDM/Serial/Ethernet uplink:
Evaluate bandwidth on uplink
Signaling statistics:
Verify signaling channels are up
TRAU statistics:
TRAU traffic analyzing
Bandwidth control statistics:
Display calls stopped or discarded
BW utilization statistics:
Display enhanced information
on bandwidth consumption
Agenda
Background
How does it work?

Statistics
Interoperability
Applications
Vmux-400 Interoperability
Interoperable with all major vendors:
Ericsson, Siemens, Nokia, AlcatelLucent, Huawei, Motorola, Nortel,
Vmux-400/420
Agenda
Background
How does it work?

Statistics
Interoperability
Applications
GSM Service to Remote / Rural

Regions
Remote Site
Central Office
ETH/ Vmux-400
IP
E1
MSC
ETH/IP
BSC
E1s
BTS
Vmux-400
E1
Hub
Transceivers
Remote Site
E1
Vmux-400
Central site
solution is needed
ETH/ Vmux-400
IP
E1
BTS
Connection via satellite, microwave, terrestrial links, flexible

interfacing (IP/ETH/SERIAL/E1)
Effective solution where the cellular operator pays for expensive
transmission links
GSM Service to Remote / Rural

Regions
Remote Site
Central Office
ETH/ Vmux-400
IP
E1
MSC
BSC
BTS
Vmux-420
E1s
Hub
Transceivers
Up to 12 E1
Remote Site
ETH/IP
ETH/ Vmux-400
IP
E1
BTS
Connection via satellite, microwave, terrestrial links, flexible

interfacing (IP/ETH/SERIAL/E1)
Effective solution where the cellular operator pays for expensive
transmission links
Summary
RAD offers a full MSC-BSC-BTS cellular backhaul solution
Cost effective voice optimization solution for central and

remote sites
Up to 3:1 optimization of Abis/ Ater interface
Up to 10% - 15% saving with Data Compression

Connects over any uplink
Interoperable with all major vendors
thank you
for your attention
Technical Support
support.technique@cbnetworks.fr
http://www.cbnetworks.fr
Vmux-400 Ports
Control Port
E1 Uplink
(Egress/Output)
to network
Serial Uplink
(Egress/Output)
to network
User E1 Ports*
(Ingress/Input)
from BTS/BSC/MSC
ETH Management
ETH/IP Uplink
(Egress/Output)
to network
* Ordering Options: 1 or 2 ingress E1 ports

Vmux-420 Ports
Up to 12 User E1
Ports*
(Ingress/Input)
from
BTS/BSC/MSC
* Ordering Options:
Up to 6 E1 Uplink
(Egress/Output)
to network
ETH/IP Uplink
(Egress/Output)
to network
Control
Port
ETH
Management
port
2 Redundant
Power
supplies
Alarm
Relay
- 4,8 or 12 Ingress E1 ports

- 2,4 or 6 Egress E1 ports
GSM Subchannel Rate Detection

GSM Subchannel Rate Detection
Full Rate (FR): Each voice
channel is carried in a 16 kbps
sub channel
Half Rate (HR): Each voice
channel is carried in a 8 kbps sub
channel
Vmux-400/420 can automatically
detect the GSM subchannel rate
(16 kbps or 8 kbps)
Ericsson Time Slot Configuration

BSC/BTS Configuration:
(10.5 x TRX, 84 GSM speech channels)
CH
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Sub Channel
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
CONC
MPLEX16 MPLEX16
MPLEX16 MPLEX16
UNDEF
MPLEX16 MPLEX16
UNDEF
UNDEF
UNDEF
UNDEF
UNDEF
MPLEX16 MPLEX16
MPLEX16 MPLEX16
MPLEX16 MPLEX16
MPLEX16 MPLEX16
MPLEX16 MPLEX16
MPLEX16 MPLEX16
MPLEX16 MPLEX16
MPLEX16 MPLEX16
MPLEX16 MPLEX16
MPLEX16 MPLEX16
CONC
UNDEF
UNDEF
MPLEX16 MPLEX16
UNDEF
UNDEF
UNDEF
UNDEF
MPLEX16 MPLEX16
CONC
MPLEX16 MPLEX16
Content
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
MPLEX16
TRXC SIGNAL
SPEECH/DATA
SPEECH/DATA
IDLE
SPEECH/DATA
IDLE
IDLE
IDLE
IDLE
IDLE
SPEECH/DATA
SPEECH/DATA
SPEECH/DATA
SPEECH/DATA
SPEECH/DATA
SPEECH/DATA
SPEECH/DATA
SPEECH/DATA
SPEECH/DATA
SPEECH/DATA
TRXC SIGNAL
IDLE
IDLE
SPEECH/DATA
IDLE
IDLE
IDLE
IDLE
SPEECH/DATA
CF/TRXC SIGNAL
SPEECH/DATA
How to configure Vmux-4.xx according to

the timeslots table?
TS1, 21, 30
: Sig64
TS2, 3, 5, 11-20, 24, 29, 31 : TRAU
TS4, 6-10, 22-23, 25-28:
: N/C.

TRAU: GSM Speech

Statistics: BW Utilization Statistics

Vmux400 / BSC
ALRM
Display Total Accumulated
Number of seconds
accumulated for each
bandwidth range
< 64
Kbps]
... (236024)
[704 -767
Kbps]
... (44)
[ 64 -127
Kbps]
... (5)
[768 -831
Kbps]
... (354)
[128 -191
Kbps]
... (314)
[832 -895
Kbps]
... (233)
[192 -255
Kbps]
... (1203)
[896 -959
Kbps]
... (23)
[256 -319
Kbps]
... (3455)
[960 -1023 Kbps]
... (4)
[320 -383
Kbps]
... (14563)
[1024-1087 Kbps]
... (0)
[384 -447
Kbps]
... (21003)
[1088-1151 Kbps]
... (0)
[448 -511
Kbps]
... (13900)
[1152-1215 Kbps]
... (4)
[512 -575
Kbps]
... (4231)
[1216-1279 Kbps]
... (0)
[576 -639
Kbps]
... (911)
[1280-1343 Kbps]
... (0)
[640 -703
Kbps]
... (43)
[1344-1407 Kbps]
... (0)
... (N)
>
Mobile Platforms
MSC
BSC
Vmux-400
E1s
Serial/
IP/E1
E1
Vmux-400
Serial/IP/E1
E1
BTS
Supply service to mobile platforms such as cruise ships
Mobile Platforms
MSC
BSC
Vmux-400
E1s
Serial/
IP/E1
E1
Vmux-400
Serial/IP/E1
E1
BTS
Supply service in large and crowded events using trucks
Terrestrial Daisy Chained BTSs
FE1
BTS
FE1
BTS
MSC
BSC
E1s
Vmux-400 / 420
E1
Vmux-400
TDM or IP
E1
BTS
E1
DXC
FE1
FE1
FE1
BTS
BTS
BTS
Requires Drop & Insert capability at the BTS

Suitable when each BTS serves a small area

Vmux 400

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RAD International Technical Seminar

Abis & Ater Optimization

Abis & Ater Gateway TS-2007 Slide 2

Optimization Market Needs

Connectivity optimization reduces costs

Abis & Ater Gateway TS-2007 Slide 3

GSM Network Architecture

*Depends on the GSM Transcoder location:

- if located at MSC Ater (Vmux-420)

BTS Base Transceiver Station

BSC Base Station Controller

MSC Mobile Switching Centre

HLR & VLR Home & Visitor Location Registers

Abis & Ater Gateway TS-2007 Slide 4

Optimization and not Compression

ABIS/ ATER contains:

Abis & Ater Gateway TS-2007 Slide 5

Abis & Ater Gateway TS-2007 Slide 6

Data compression: (NEW)

Abis & Ater Gateway TS-2007 Slide 7

Vmux-420 (Beta) Features

TDM trunks aggregation (grooming)

Abis & Ater Gateway TS-2007 Slide 8

Vmux-420 Back Panel

2 Fully redundant Main Modules, in case of H.W

Abis & Ater Gateway TS-2007 Slide 9

Abis & Ater Gateway TS-2007 Slide 10

Abis & Ater Gateway TS-2007 Slide 11

Suppress Idle channels

Remove Signaling HDLC flags (only valid signaling is transferred)

(* when DTX mode is active in the GSM network)

Abis & Ater Gateway TS-2007 Slide 12

How does it works?

Tradeoff for High Packet loss level

Optimized + Compressed Data

Abis & Ater Gateway TS-2007 Slide 13

Traffic Types Supported VOICE

EFR (Enhanced Full Rate)

Vmux-400/420 can automatically

* Current H.W. limitation (there is no limitation for the Vmux-420)

Abis & Ater Gateway TS-2007 Slide 14

Traffic Types Supported DATA

*CS = Code Scheme

Abis & Ater Gateway TS-2007 Slide 15

Clocking over TDM/IP Link

Clock transferred from BSC to BTS over any transmission

Abis & Ater Gateway TS-2007 Slide 16

Clocking over Satellite IP Link

OCXO* (ordering option) for highly accurate internal oscillator

* Only needed on the BTS side

Abis & Ater Gateway TS-2007 Slide 17

Signaling Rate Detection

Signaling Rate Detection

Before Vmux- 400/420 detects

After Vmux- 400/420 detects

signaling channels rate

signaling channels rate

Available Time Slot Types:

TRAU: GSM Speech

Abis & Ater Gateway TS-2007 Slide 18

Timeslot Type Detection (Ericsson)

Timeslot Type Detection (Ericsson)

Before Vmux-400/420 detects timeslots type