Absolutism monarch has absolute power

and control over the ruling of their lands

Centralized governments
King is the sole administrator and the last
word
All taxes and tariffs paid to the king
Happened around the same time as the
Reformation and western exploration

Consolidation of power by political means:

Diplomacy
Marriage
War

Difficulties with centralized power:

Transportation
Communication
Enforcement

Il Principe The Prince

Many rulers reigned according to the ideas
set out in this text

A successful prince

Unites peoples and lands

Secures his borders
Brings prosperity to his subjects

Other ideas

It is better to be loved than feared

Power can be centralized or dispersed
A prince must have no other objective, no other
thought, nor take up any profession but that of war, its
methods and its discipline, for that is the only art
expected of a ruler. And it is of such great value that it
not only keeps hereditary princes in power, but often
raises men of lowly condition to that rank.

Declining Feudal System

Weaker nobility
Cost of crusades
Black Death (supply and demand)

Decreased influence of the Church

Great Schism
Conceded power
Protestant Reformation

Rise of the bourgeoisie

Growth of nationalism

The middle class

Merchants, craftsmen, artisians
Later on, these will be the businessmen
Control the means of production
Wanted a strong government
Reduced the power of the aristocracy
Called for territorial expansion

The Bourgeoisie

Why do you think the bourgeoisie wanted the

monarchs to expand their territory?
According to Machiavelli, what is expected of
a ruler?
Which of Machiavellis ideas do you agree
with? Disagree with? Why?

God, Glory, and Gold

Crusades
Renaissance
Reformation
Competition
Economy
Ability
Fame

Threat of the Ottoman Empire prohibited

European explorers from using the traditional
trade routes

In 1450, trade and exploration was mostly

limited to Europe and Asia
Within 50 years, Europeans were trading and
fighting in Africa, the Americas, and the rest
of Asia

Destroyed two civilizations in the Americas

Forced migration of Africans to the Americas
Opened trading posts in south and east Asia
Export of western culture and technology to the
rest of the world

https://www.khanacademy.org/partnercontent/crash-course1/crash-course-worldhistory/road-trip-conquest-trade/v/crashcourse-world-history-21

Based on the video you just watched, which

of the three explorers do you think had the
greatest impact on the modern world?
Write a -1 page response

Initiated the Age of Discoveries

Prester John
School for Navigation (1419)

Important Names in The Age of Exploration

Name
Country

Achievement(s)

Christopher Columbus

Spain

1492: Reached Bahamas; explored

Cuba, Haiti
1493: Established Santo Domingo

John Cabot

England

1497/8: Claimed Nova Scotia,

Newfoundland for England

Amerigo Vespucci

Spain, Portugal

1499: Explored coast of S. America

for Spain
1501: Explored coast of S. America
for Portugal

Ponce de Leon

Spain

1513/21: Explored Florida

Name

Country

Achievement(s)

Ferdinand Magellan

Spain

1519: Began the first

circumnavigation of the globe

Hernando Cortez

Spain

15191522: Conquered the Aztecs

in Mexico

Francisco Pizarro

Spain

15301536: Conquered the Incas in

Peru

Hernando de Soto

Spain

15391542: Explored coast between

Mississippi River and Florida

Jacques Cartier

France

1542: Traveled St. Lawrence River to

Montreal

Samuel de Champlain

France

16081615: Explored Great Lakes,

founded Quebec, established fur
trade with Native Americans

Henry Hudson

Netherlands

16091611: Sailed up Hudson River

Treaty of Tordesillas
Line of demarcation

Spain
Focus on expedition and colonization
Conquistadors

Portugal
Focus on navigation and
geographical observation

New era of European exploration and

domination
Four voyages to the Americas

We will discuss these in tomorrows jigsaw

activity

Old Imperialism
Creating ports and forts on the coast but not
venturing inland

New Imperialism
Conquering entire populations and forcing them to
obey by any means necessary

Homogenization of biology

Diseases
Animals
Plants
People

How could the Columbian Exchange be

considered unintentional bioterrorism?
How did the Columbian Exchange lead to
dynastic wars in Europe?

Happened during the period from 1650-1815

From the coasts of Africa to the New World
The Middle Passage
What was life like on slave ships?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dnV_MTF
EGIY

What is the difference between slavery and

the slave trade?
Slavery owning of human beings
Slave trade the sale and forced migration of
human beings from Africa to the Americas

The slave trade was abolished in the early

1807
Slavery continued until 1834 in the British
Empire, and 1865 in the United States

The Slave Trade Act

Fines for ship captains who continued to export
slaves

William Wilberforce
The Saints Alliance

Question: Do you think the Slave Trade Act

was effective in ending the slave trade?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8WR6feVaLE