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in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority,
and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest
to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of
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timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public.
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Step Out From the Old to the New

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Jawaharlal Nehru

IS 4771 (1985): Abrasion-resistant iron castings [MTD 6:

Pig iron and Cast Iron]

! $ ' +-
Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda

Invent a New India Using Knowledge

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Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen

IS : 4771 - 1985
( Reaffirmed 2005 )

Indian Standard
SPECIFICATION
FOR
ABRASION-RESISTANT
IRON CASTINGS
(

Second Revision 1
First Reprint JULY

UDC

669*11-14

1991

: 669.018125

Q Copyrfght 1986
BUREAU
MANAK

OF
BHAVAN,

INDIAN
9 BAHADUR
NEW

Gr 3

DELHI

STANDARDS
SHAH ZAFAR

MARG

110002

Jdy

1986

IS :4771- 1985

Indian Standard
SPECIFICATION FOR
ABRASION-RESISTANT IRON CASTINGS
(

Second Revision)

Pig Iron and Cast Iron Sectional Committee,

Representing

Chumnqn
SHRI

B. G. SAsTRY

SMDC 9

Ductron Castings Ltd, Hyderabad

Mmbrrs
SHRI M. S. DALVI ( Alternate to
Shri B. G. Sastry )
Mechanical Engineering Research & Development
SHSI P. K. ARORA
Organization ( CMERI ), Ludhiana
Indian Iron & Steel Co Ltd, Burnpur
!&RI R. K. BA~ERJEE
SHRI R. DAYAL (Altern&)
Visvesvarya Iron & Steel Ltd, Bhadravati
SHRI K. B. D. BPZRIAH
SHRI B. S. UMAPATEY ( Allcrnate )
National Test House, Calcutta
SHRI A. M. BIEWAS
SHRI K. L. BARVI ( Alfernate )
Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur
PROF .A.K. CHAKBABORTY
Indian Register of Shipping, Bombay
SHRI S. CHANDRA
SRRI H. K. TANEJA ( Alternate )
CHEMIST & METALLURGIST, E.As- Ministry of Railways
TEEN RAILWAYJAMALPUR
Hindustan Machine Tools Ltd, Bangalore
SHRI P. P. CROPRA
SHRI H. S. RAMACHANDRA LAbmate
I )
SHRI P. RAMPRASAD ( Alter&e 11 )
I
SHRI V. N. VENKATESAN ( Alternatc III )
SHRI A. SHANTARAU ( Alternate IV )
Mercury Iron & Steel Co, Bombay
SHRI S. H. COMYISSARIAT
Iron 82 Steel Control, Calcutta
SHRI B. K. DUTTA
Sandur Manganese & Iron Ores Ltd, Mysore
SHRI S. Y. GHORPADE
Institute of Indian Foundrymen, Calcutta
&ax K. N. KINKAX
SHRI B. P. Snva~ ( Alternate )
Djrectorate
General of Supplies & Disposals ( InsSARI V. B. KEANNA
pection Wing ), New D&hi
SHRI T. N. UBOVEJA ( Ahrnata )
Electrosteel Castings Ltd, Calcutta
SHBI B. V. Ln
SH~I S. B. .%NQTJ~TA( Ahmats )
( C&nud
@ f&vi&

on paga 2 )

1986

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

Thii publication is protected under the Indiun Co&ri&f Act ( XIV of 1957 ) and
reproductionin whole or in part by any means except with written permission of the
publiier shall be deamd to be an intrigement of copyright under the said Act.

.* i
,j),

IS I 4771 - 1985
( Conhued from
pap1 )
i?@riscniing

&ficmbetJ
SHRIM.h'fOHAN

Heavy Engineering
Corporation
Forge Plant ), Ranchi

Ltd

( Foundry

SIIHI I. ALI ( Alfcrnals)

Tata Engineering & Locomotive
Co Ltd, Jamshedpur
DR P. S. PATTIBAL
SH~I U. M. NAIXAR ( ANcrnafc )
Steel Authority of India Ltd ( Bhilai Steel Plant ),
Da G. RAI
Bhilai
New Standard Engineering Co Ltd, Bombay
SIIRI M. M. RAJU
SHRI P. M. MUKIIERJEE ( Altcrnnfe 1
Steel Authority of India Ltd ( Bhilai Steel Plant ),
SHRI S. V. RAJWADE
Bhilai
Saar R. R. SARIN ( Alternak )
Shah Malleable Caatinga Ltd. Bombay
SHRI C. P. RAMAMURTRY
Ennore Foundries Ltd, Madras
SHRI D. VASUDEVA RAN
Steel cau,r.",rL,
A...,.,.,:,., ,d- T..saL
b&&
I *.""saF..a
la,...-Lair "..zV.
c*n-I
P.___ D
.^-^-_
\
V. II&Uaa
0uIIci
r. n
r. m
_bBTU
Plant ), Roulbta
SHRI S. CHOWBEY ( Alternate)
Miniatrr of Railways
REPRESENTATIVE
Bhagwati Spherocast Ltd., Hyderabad
REPREYENTATIVII
Development
CornmissIoner
( Small Scale
InREPREB~NTATIVE
dustries ), New Delhi
Maruti Udyog Ltd, Gurgaon
REPRESENTATIVE
Bokaro Steel Plant, Bokaro
SH~I A. K. SAHA
SIIRI B. P. SINQH ( Aftermale )
Directorate
General
of Technical
Developnrent,
SHRI u. SEN
New Delhi
Joint Plant Committee,
Calcutta
SHRI K.R. SENCWPTA
Kesoram Spun Piper 81 Foundriea, Calcutta
SERI P. J. SHENOY
SBSI S. C. NARSABIA ( Alfwttefc I
Tata Iron 6 Steel Co Ltd, Jarnalntdpur
SHUI I. s. P. SIIIIEY
SERI T. SIJDHAXAB ( &Umalr )
Ministry of Defence ( DGOF )
SHRI M. P. SINIXi
Fertilizer Corporation
of India Ltd, Sindri
SRRI R. It. SINHA
Walchandnagar
Indwtry Ltd, Satara
SARI P. S. N. Svaoarm
Southern Alloy Foundries Pvt Ltd, Madras
SHRI S. THIA~HARAJAN
SHRI A. THAN~AVIILU ( Al&nab )
Metallurgical
Laboratory
( CSIR ),
National
DR S. K. TIWARY
Jamshcdpur
Fed?:&,;!
Engineering
Indmtrier of India,
SHRI V. N. UPADRAYA

e
SHRI H. L. BHARDWAJ ( Ahrnatr )
Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd
DR G. VENKATARX~AN
SHRI A. K. MITTAL ( Al&n&
)
Director General, IS1 ( Ex-o&i0 M~u
SHRI K. RAOIIAVENDRAN,
Director ( Strut & Met )

;rcncllIry
SHRI S. S. SETHI
Joint Director ( Metals ), ISI

( Contintud es m#

10 )

IS r-4771- 1985
Indian

S&m&d

SPECIFiCATIUN FOR
ABRASION-RESISTANT IRON CASTINGS
(

Second RevisionJ
0.

FOJkEWO_R

) was adopted by the Indian

0.1 This Indian Standard ( Second Revis
Standards
Institution on 26 December 198
iang,after the draft finalized by
the Pig Iron and Cast Iron Sectional Committee had been approved by
the Structural and Metals Division Council.
0.2 This standard. was first published in 1968 and revised in 1972.
As a result of further experience
gained during these years,
the
standard has been revised again incorporating
provisions in regard to
&chemical analysis and making the hardness values mandatory.
0.3 Iron castings included in this standard have good resistance to both
low- and high-stress abrasion in the application of mining, millin& earth
moving and manufacturing industries.
These iron castings are expected
to have a microstructure of carbides in a metrix of martensite, bainits
and austenite and essentially free from. pearlite. They are expected
to be freefrom graphite except where its presence is intentionally desired
for specific applications.
0.3.1 Attempts are being made to develop commercially nickel and
molybdenum-free
abrasion-resistant iron castings which may be included
in this standard at a later date.
0.4 For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this
standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated,
expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance with IS : 2-1960*.
The number of significant places re\Eainedin the
rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in
this standard.
1. SCOPE
1.1 This
castings.

standard

covers

the requirements

*Rules for rounding off numerical values ( rcuissd ).

of abrasion-resistant

iron

IS t 4771 - 1385
1.2 Iron
excluded

castings
consisting
from this standard

essentially
irrespective

of iron carbide
of alloy content.

and pearlite

are

2. GRADE
2.1 Abrasion-resistant

iron castings

shall be of the following

Chemical Name

7-j@
Nickel-chromium
iron
Nickel-chromium
iron

la
1b

grades:
Designation

martensitic

white

NiLCr
NiLCr

301500,
34/550

martensitic

white

NiHCr
NiHCr
NiHCr

27/500,
30/550,
34/600

Chromium-molybdenum
iron

High-chromium

martensitic

CrMoHC
CrMoLC

wl-Qe

HCrNi
HCr

white iron

34,500,
28/500
27/4dO,
27/400

NOTE 1 - The grades under Type 1 are designated by the letters NiLCr and NiHCr
to represent
nickel containing low-chromium
and nickel-csntaining
high-chromium
iron respectively.
The grades under Type 2 are designated by the letters CrMoHC
and CrMoLC
to represent
high carbon and low carbon varieties of chromiummolybdenum
irons respectively.
The grades under Type 3 are designated
by the
letters HCrNi and HCr to represent nickel containii
and nickel-free high-chromium
white irons respectively.
types are further designated
by two digits to represent mean
N~TB~ -These
arbon content of the range and three digits to represent the minimum
Brine11 Hardnaa, the example,
NiLCr 30/500 means a low-chromium
grade with carbon in the
range 29-3.3 percent and having a minimum
Brine11 Hardness of 500 HBW.

3. SUPPLY

OF MATERIAL

3.1 General requirements

relating to the supply of abrasion-resistant
castings shall be as laid down in IS : 1387-1967*.

iron

4. MANUFACTURE

4.1 The castings

shall be made

5. CHEMICAL

COMPOSITION

by any suitable

melting

5.3 The chemical composition

of the metal for different
sion-resistant
iron castings shall be as given in Table 1.
6. CHEMICAL

grades

of abra-

ANALYSIS

6.1 Chemical
casting

process.

analysis for the determination

of various
shall be done in accordance
with IS : 228-1959t.

*General requirements
tMethods of chemical
rteels ( rmisrd ).

constituents

in

for the supply of metallurgical

materials (&t rr~isia ).
analysis of pig iron, cast iron and plain carbon and low alloy
4

TABLE

CHRMICAL

CONSTITUENT

---_*--7
NiLCr
30/508

COMPOSITION

OF ABRMXON-RESXSTANT

TYPE 1B

TYPE IA

IRON

CASTINCg

TYPE 2
A___--CrMoHC
CrMoLC
281500
341508

( PERCENT

TYPE 3
w-L---,
HCrNi
HCr
271480
271400

NiLCr
341550

NiHCr
271500

NiHCr
30/550

NiHCr
341600

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

2-7 to

32 to
36

25 to
29

28 to
3.3

3.2 to
36

3-l to

33

3.6

24 to
31

23
S-0

Silicon

0.3 to
06

83 to
86

l-5 to
22

I.5 to
22

15
22

to

83 to
88

83 to
88

82 to
1.5

Manganese

:ssto

83 to
86

03 to
86

83 to
86

d:9

89
0.4 to

40 to
60

40 to
60

40 to
60

85 Max

85 h&W

8-oto

8.0 to
180

7.5 to
95

(1)
Total

carbon

0.3 to
06

m
Nickel
Chromium

15 to
25

I5 10
25

Molybdenum

od Max

V5M8#

85 Max

85 Max

Sulphur,

0.15

815

015

0.3

03

Max

Phoephonu.

Max

Remainder

0.3

c_----

NOTE 1 - For Types

sections.

High-nickel,

NOTE2 NOTE3 -

180

-_--

and resistance

Resistance

to abrasive

to repeated

(10)

(9)

to

2.3 to
3.0
82 to
1.5

1.5 Mar

1.5 Me*

1.2 Max

85 Max

146 to
180

140 to
180

05Max

2.5 to
3.5

25 to
35

815

815

0.15

8.1:

815

615

83

83

93

8.

0.3

63

240 to
280
86 Max

240 to
280
86 Max

~q~~~y~o~_---_-----_-_----_-_--_------_

la.and lb, low-nickel, high-silicon and low-chromium

low-silicon and high-chromium
con~nts are preferred

Toughness

(8)

(7)

contents are preferred for the

for the heavier sections.

shock increase as carbon content

wear increases as carbon content

increases.

decreams.

smaller

IS : 4771.1985
7. WORKMANSHIP

AND FINISH

7.1 The castings shall be accurately

moulded
in .accordance
with the
pattern or working drawings supplied by the purchsaer, with the addition
of such letters, figures and marks as may be specified.
7.2 The drawings

shall specify

tolerances

oxi all important

dimensiona.

8. MICROSTRUCTURE
8.1 Castings or suitable
examination
if agreed
Location of test samples
by mutual agreement
of

test samples may be subjected to metallographic

to between the purchaser
and the manufacturer.
and area used for examination
shall be decided
the purchaser
and the manufacturer.

8.2 The microstructures

of all abrasion-resistant
rate and are therefore sensitive to section size.

irons depend

on cooling

9. HEAT-TREATMENT
9.1 Castings
shall be supplied
either
in the as-cast or heat-treated
condition
at the discretion
of the manufacturer
to meet the hardness
requirements
specified in 10.1 or as specified by the purchaser.
9.2 If required,
Type la castings shall be heat-treated
for 12 to 16 hours
at 200 to 275C followed by air or furnace cooling.
Where optimum
properties
are required,
particularly
under severe conditions
of repeated
impact,
a double heat-treatment
for 4 to 8 hours at 425 to 475C
followed by air cooling and holding 12 to 16 hours at 200 to 275C shall
be preferred.
9.3 If required,
Type lb castings .shall be heat-treated
for 6 to 12 hours
at 775 to 825C, followed by air or furnace cooling.
This heat-treatment
conditions
the austenite for transformation
to martensite
and bainite
to
develop a good combination
of hardness,
strength
and resistance
to
repeated impact.
At the request of the purchaser,
or at the discretion of
the~manufacturer,
these grades may be subsequently
tempered
at 200 to
This heat-treatment
toughness the iron and increases
350C for 4 hours.
resistance to spalling.
the manufacturer
shall
9.4 When specified by the purchaser,
castings
of Type 2 and Type 3 grades to provide a maximum
hardness of 380 HBS before givining hardening
treatment.
NOTE - A recommended
ir described below:

annealing

procedure

for castings of

anneal
surface

Type 2 and Ty+e

a) Heat slowly to 920 to 9750,

b) Hold at this temperature
c) Furnace-cool
d) Further

for not less tban I hour;

to 810 to 815%;

cool in furnace to 590 to 645C, cooling

rate not to exceed 40%/h;

e) Cooling below 590C may be in furnace or still Sr.

6

and

IS : 4771.1985
9.5 When specified

by the purchaser,
the manufacturer
shall harden
the
castings
of Type 2 and 3 by heating to a suitable temperature
for a
minimum
of 1 h/250 mm of section thickness, but in no case for less than
1 hour, followed by air cooling.
The austenitizing
temperature
for this
hardening
treatment
shall be between 950 and 1 OlOC for the Type 2
irons and between
980 and 1 120C for Type
3 irons.
The same
procedure
may also be used for hardening
annealed
and machined
castings.
9.6 Both annealing
and hardening
treatments
shall not be specified for
castings of Type 2 and Type 3 grades.
If annealing
is specified for these
grades, it is expected that the purchaser will carry out both machining
and hardening
operations.
10. HARDNESS

10.1 The
Table

material

shall

conform

to the

requirements

stipulated

in

2.
TABLE 2

CONDITION

(1)

MINIMUM BRINELL HARDNESS VALUES (HBW)

ABRASION-RESISTANT IRON CASTINGS

TWE IA
C--h--T
NiLCr KiLCr
30/500 341550
(2)

500

(3)

TYPE 1B
c----~---NiHCr NiHCr NiHCr
271500 301550 341600

(5)

(6)

(7)

600

500

500

400

400

600

550

550

550

_380
i_
Maw

500

550

Annealed

550

(81

TYPE3
,-.-y
HCrNi HCr
271400 27/W

(4)

Hardened

Sand-cast

TWE 2
#--_~_--~
CrMoHC
CrMoLC
34/500
20/500

OF

380
I&x

(9)

380
&f#?#x

(?a

\NOTE
- Minimum
hardness values up to 50 Brine11 pointr lower than those specified in thir table shall be permitted
in castings with section thickness greater than
125 mm.

10.1.1 The hardness

test shall be carried
IS : 1500-1983* using tungsien carbide ball.

out

in

accordance

with

11. SAMPLING
il.1 FOP quality control during production, use of control chart technique
is recommended
to the manufacturer
for which reference
is invited
to
IS : 397 ( Ptirt 1 )-1972t or IS : 397 ( Part 2 )-1975t.
The results of such
Method
*Method

for Brine11 hardness test for metallic materials ( sdwlJ r&ion ).

for statistical quality control during production:
Part 1 Control charts for variables (jrst nuGoa ).
Part 2 Control charts for attributes and count of defects ( jbst mkiea ).

IS : 4771- 1985
tests done at the place of manufacture
along with
may be made available,
to enable the purchaser
ability.

the material
supplied
to judge
its accept-

11.2 Sampling
for Chemical
Analysis
- Chemical analysis shall be
carried out either on finished casting or test bar representing
each melt.
In the case of continuous
melting, samples shall be provided
at the rate
of one sample per hour of production.
11.3 Sampling
for Hardness
Test - If specified by the purchaser,
test shall be carried out either on finished casting or test bar representing
each heat-treatment
batch; at least one test shall be carried out from each
meit in case the castings from two or more meits are heat-ireated
in one
batch.
In the case of continuous
melting, sufficient number of samples
shall be provided to ensure at least one test per hour of production.
12. RETEST
12.1 Chemical ,Analysis - If a sample
selected
under
11.2 fails to
meet the requirements
given in Table 1, the purchaser
shall select two
If both the samples satisfy the
further
samples
from the same lot.
specified requirements,
the castings
represented
shall be accepted.
If
either of the samples fails, the castings represented
shall be deemed as
not complying
with this standard.
t2.2 Hardness Test - If a sample selected under 11.3 fails to meet
given in Table 2, two further samples shall be selected
\ he requirements
4 rom the same lot and in case the castings have been heat-treated
from
The consignment
shall be considered to
the same heat-treatment
batch.
conform
to the requirements
if both the additional
tests are satisfactory.
Should either of the samples fail, the castings represented
shall be deemed
as not complying
with this standard.
If the castings are supplied in the
heat-treated
condition,
the manufacturer
shall have the right to reheattreat the product,
if he so desires, in any suitable
manner
before two
Should the two tests satisfy the
fresh samples
are taken for testing.
requirements
of this standard,
the lot shall be accepted.
Should
either
of the samples fail, the castings represented
shall be taken as not complying with this standard.
13. MARKING
13.1 Where practicable,
each casting shall be legibly marked with an
identification
mark by which it can be traced to the melt and the batch
of heat-treatment,
where applicable,
from which it was made.
13.2 By agreement
between the purchaser
and the manufacturer,
ings complying
with the requirements
of this standard,
may,
inspection,
be legibly marked with an acceptance
mark.
8

castafter

c___
,.

._..

._._

IS : 4771- 1985
13.3 The castings may also be marked

with the ISI Certification

Mark.

Non - The use bf the IS1 firtification Mark is governed by the provisions of the
Indian Standarda Institution ( Certification Marks ) Act and the Ruled and Regu14ons made thereunder. The IS1 Mark on products covered by an Indian
Standard conveys the assurance that they have been produced to comply with the
requirements of t&t rt~ndard under a w&defined
ryqtem of inspection, testing and
uality control which ia denied and supervised by IS1 and operated by the producer.
851 marked products are also continuously checked by IS1 for conformity to that
mndard as a further nfeguard. Details of conditions under which a licence for the
un of the IS1 CertiCcation Mark may be grpnted to manufacturera or proceuom,
may be obtained from t4e Indiin Standards Institution.

IS : 4771- 1985
( Continwdfrom page 2 )

Alloy Cast Iron Subcommittee,

CHOPRA

9 :6

fiwm

CoaDmet
SHRI P. P.

SMDC

Hindustan Machine Tooh Ltd, Pinjore

Mmbm

REPIUCSENTATIVE
REFTWSMTATIVE

Best and Crom ton, Bangaloro

Mahindra & b.fahindra, Bombay

10

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