2-24-15

Laptops open to your published website

access Task B
Unit I Essential Question :

Can an organization solve the worlds problems?

Todays class objective:
1. Analyze the reasons why European nations established
the EU and the difficulties they face.
2. Determine if Turkey should be allowed admittance to
the EU after researching pros and cons.

2-26-15

Beginning of class: Entrance Ticket!

- Access your laptop AFTER you turn in your ticket.
Unit I Essential Question :

Can an organization solve the worlds problems?

Todays class objectives:
1. Compare and contrast the governmental make-up of
the European Union with that of the United States.
2. Differentiate among the various forms of
governmental systems in the world today.

What is a Clique?
A small exclusive group of friends or associates.
A clique is a group of three or more people who hang out together and are
always seen having fun together. They normally go to events that the
Alpha (leader) holds.

Where do we find cliques?

Everywhere there are groups!
at work
at play
at school

YouTube: Divisions

Good or Bad?
Can give you a feeling of
belonging

Can make you feel like an

outcast
Can lead to bullying

.so, should you take part in one?

Do the benefits outweigh the costs?

Todays question:
Are International Organizations
similar to cliques? Are there good
aspects as well as negative aspects?
The European Union

 What wars have taken place in Europe since 1500?

30 Years War
Wars to stop France gain more territory from weaker
neighboring countries.
War of Spanish Succession
War of Austrian Succession
Seven Years War
All the wars against Napoleon
Crimean War
Balkan Wars
WWI
WWII

Why were these wars fought?

Religious reasons
Power struggle domination/balance of power
Economic reasons
economic nationalism
tariffs
Cultural misunderstandings

European leaders had a common

question after WWII
Why cant we all just get along???

But

how

do we do that?

 Why cant we develop a UNION and

cooperate, to avoid another war?

The 13 colonies solved many of their problems by uniting into a

federal union.

Churchill called for such a union after WWII

Background of the EU
Buthow do you get all the nations
of Europe to agree to unite?

Supra-nationalism

Problems?

Above
Self-governing
Loss of autonomy
Transcending
More
than
Disparities
in
levels
of economic
Why would anyone want
to give away

my state is richer than the othersw

international autonomy,
one of the most sought
development
we have to contribute more to make
newpast
united
nation work?
after goals of this
the
century?

Technical barriers
Cultural barriers

cant make your own rules on what

trade is allowedyou have to
follow the same rules as the group

European
How did Supra-nationalism
the idea begin?
Economic Agreement 1945

Benelux
Agreement

Netherlands
Belgium
Luxembourg

Why would anyone want to give away

international autonomy, one of the most sought
after goals of the past century?

Supra-nationalism
A venture involving three or more states
Political, economic, and/or cultural
cooperation to promote shared
objectives

Would
WHATother
DID nations
THE
inFUTURE
Europe follow
HOLD
these
FOR EUROPE?
three?
UNIFICATION?
INSTABILITY?

New name for the new union?

EUROPA

The European Union

1951

Founding
Members
Belgium
France
Germany
Italy
Luxembourg
Netherlands

1973

Denmark
Ireland
United Kingdom

1981

Greece

1986

Portugal
Spain

November
1989
Fall of the
Berlin Wall
sets the
stage for
unifying
Europe and
EU
enlargement

1995

Austria
Finland
Sweden

2004

Cyprus
Czech Republic
Estonia
Hungary
Latvia
Lithuania
Malta
Poland
Slovakia
Slovenia

2007

Bulgaria
Romania

Total
Candidate Countries
#
Croatia
Of
nations?
Croatia

newest member of the EU!

Former Yugoslav
Republic of Macedonia
Turkey

Potential
Candidate Countries
Albania
Bosnia & Herzegovina
Iceland
Montenegro
Serbia including Kosovo
under UN Security Council
Resolution 1244

28 member nations in the EU

23 official languages

What is the most widely spoken language in

the European Union?

English

Enlargement: from six to 28

countries
195
2

199
0

197
3

198
1

198
6

United in diversity!
199
5

200
4

200
7

What is the motto of the EU that describes the

philosophy of multiculturalism?

EU Members
Non-members
Prospective
Members

European
Supra-nationalism

How does a country become a member of the EU?

There is no checklist of specific conditions a country must meet to
be admitted to the EU but a few criterion.

Criterion:
but a few criterion.
POLITICAL:
a. Must be a European State
Morocco applied to join the EU in 1987 and was rejected;
in the opinion of the Commission on the grounds that
Morocco was not a European country.

b. The country must have stable institutions that guarantee

DEMOCRACY, THE RULE OF LAW, HUMAN RIGHTS, and
RESPECT AND PROTECT MINORITIES.
ECONOMIC:
The country must have a functioning market economy

The treaties basis for democratic

cooperation built on law
1951
The European Steel and Coal Community

2009
Treaty of Lisbon

1957
The treaties of Rome:
The European Economic Community
The European Atomic Energy
Community
(EURATOM)

1993
Treaty of European Union
Maastricht

EU
1951:

European Coal and

Steel Community

In the aftermath of World War II, the aim was to

secure peace among Europes victorious and
vanquished nations and bring them together as
equals, cooperating within shared institutions.

Jean Monnet and other leaders with

the first European ingot of steel

Based on a plan by French Foreign Minister

Robert Schuman.
Six founding countries Belgium, the Federal
Republic of Germany, France, Italy, Luxembourg
and the Netherlands signed a treaty to run
heavy industries (coal and steel) under
common management.

EU
1957:

Treaty of Rome

The six founding countries

expanded cooperation to other
economic sectors, creating the
European Economic
Community (EEC) or
common market.

As a result, people, goods,

services, and capital today
move freely across the Union.

Signing of the Treaty of Rome

What to deal with first?

The uro

In 1999, the euro was

established as a currency in
eleven of the then fifteen EU
Member States.
Of the 28 EU Member States
today, fifteen have adopted
the euro.

Which is the most important

Some of the Euros benefits
benefit?
European Central
Bank keeps
price inflation
low so interest
rates also
remain low

International
trade is
facilitated
Inflation remains
low and stable
Travelling is made
easier
Comparing prices
is made simpler

Currency
exchange costs
are eliminated

The Euro a single currency for

Europeans
Sweden

U.K.

Poland
Czech Rep
Romania
Hungary
Bulgaria

Can be used everywhere in the euro area

4Coins: one side with national symbols,
one side common
4Notes: no national side

EU countries using the euro in 2011

EU countries part of ERM II (in between)
EU countries not using the euro

New Euro countries since 2001:

Cyprus (2006)
Malta (2006)
Slovakia (2008)

Slovenia (2009)
Estonia (2011)

Croatia (2013)

United in Diversity - The uro

United in Diversity - The uro

The Lisbon treaty

The Lisbon treaty - taking Europe into

- took
the 21st century

the 21st century

Europe into

The Treaty will make the European Union:

More efficient
Simpler processes, full-time president
for the Council, etc.
More democratic Stronger role for the European Parliament
and national parliaments, "Citizens Initiative",
Charter of Fundamental Rights, etc.
More transparent Clarifies who does what, greater public access
to documents and meetings, etc.
More united on
the world stage

High Representative for Foreign Policy, etc.

More secure New possibilities to fight climate change

and terrorism, secure energy supplies, etc.

EU population in the world

Population in millions, 2009

1339

500
307
128

EU

China

Japa
n

142

RussiaUnited States

The area of the EU compared to the rest

of the world
Surface area, 1 000 km

16 889

9327

9159

4234

365
EU

China

Japa
n

RussiaUnited States

How rich is the EU compared to the rest

of the world?
38 700

27 800
25 100

12 508

9819

12
200
4 400

3 329
1 326
EU

China

468
Japa
n

Russia United States

Size of economy: 2008 gross domestic product

in billion of euros

EU

China

Japan

Russia United States

Wealth per person: 2008 gross domestic product

per person

The European Union and the United States

America has no better

partner than Europe. Now
is the time to build new
bridges across the globe as
strong as the one that
bound us across the
Atlantic. Now is the time to
join together, through
constant cooperation,
strong institutions, shared
sacrifice, and a global
commitment to progress,
to meet the challenges of
the 21st century.
President Barack
Obama

The relationship between

the United States and
Europe is the worlds
strongest, most
comprehensive, and
strategically important
partnership. The United
States, and a united Europe
this is really the
indispensable partnership.
President of the
European Commission
Jos Manuel Barroso

EU
A Dynamic
Transatlantic Economy
EU and U.S. together account for 40%
of total global trade (more than $1.5
billion in transatlantic trade every
day).
The $3 trillion EU-U.S. transatlantic
economy employs 14 million workers
on both sides of the Atlantic.
In 2010, Europe accounted for
roughly two-thirds of total global
investment flows into the U.S. by
far the most significant source of
foreign investment in the U.S.
economy.

John Kerry current

Secretary of State

Partners in Global Leadership

EU and U.S. work together to develop

international standards:
Fighting terrorism and transnational
crime
Advancing global trade liberalization
EU Commissioner for
External Relations Benita
Ferrero-Waldner and US
Secretary of State Hillary
Clinton

Combating piracy and intellectual

property violations

EU and its Member States are helping

restore peace and stability in
Afghanistan.
EU and U.S. work together in the
Middle East to advance the peace
process.
When the EU and U.S. agree, other
nations tend to follow.

EU
European companies are the
leading foreign investors in the
U.S.

BMWs assembly plant is South Carolinas

largest private sector employer.

The UK, Germany, France, and the

Netherlands top four sources of
jobs created by foreign
investment in the United States.

American companies invest far

more in EU countries than in Asia.
U.S. businesses make 5 times the
profit in the Netherlands - alone - as
they make in China.
In 2005, EU investments in Texas
alone surpassed all U.S. investments
in China and Japan, combined.

Jobs and Growth

Advantages for Europe?
Challenges:

Demography:
Globalisation:

Europeans live longer, have fewer children

European economy faces competition from other parts of
the world
Climate change: Emission of greenhouse gases must come down

Solutions:
European leaders have therefore agreed on a joint strategy for:

More research and innovation

A more dynamic business environment
Investing in people
A greener economy

The single market: freedom of choice

The single market has led to:

significant reductions in the price of many products

and services, including internet access and airfares.

40% drop in price of phone calls from 2000-2010

2.8 million new jobs

Four freedoms of movement:

4 goods

Getty Images

4 services
4 people
4 capital

Going abroad to learn

Over 2 million young people have

studied or pursued personal
development in other European
countries with support from EU
programs:
4 Comenius: school education
4 Erasmus: higher education
4 Leonardo da Vinci: vocational training
4 Grundtvig: adult education
4 Youth in Action: voluntary work and
Getty Images

non-formal education

An area of freedom, security and

justice
Charter of Fundamental Rights
Joint fight against terrorism
Police and law-enforcers from different countries cooperate
Coordinated asylum and immigration policies

European Union Police

Mission

Civil law cooperation

Improving health and the

environment
Pollution knows no borders joint action needed
EU action has helped bring:

Van Parys Media

Cleaner bathing water

Much less acid rain
Lead-free petrol
Free and safe disposal of old electronic equipment
Strict rules on food safety from farm to fork
More organic and quality farming
More effective health warnings on cigarettes
Registration and control of all chemicals (REACH)

The EU: an exporter of peace

and prosperity
World trade rules
Common foreign and security policy
Development assistance and humanitarian
aid

EU runs the peacekeeping operations

and the rebuilding of society in
war-torn countries like BosniaHerzegovina.

RECAP:
Why was the EU established?
to prevent a third World War by strengthening
cooperation among its member states by
solving some of their differences:
economic
ethnic
political

Maastricht Treaty
1993
Treaty that actually created the European Union
Under the terms of this treaty:
they dropped their trade barriers among members
they agreed to pursue closer cooperation in
defense and foreign relations
they accepted the idea of a common currency

What is the European Union?

RECAP:
28

Member States

Combined
population of
EU Member
States

Shared values:

500
million

Percent of worlds
population

liberty, democracy, respect for human rights and

fundamental freedoms, and the rule of law.

Largest economic body in the world.

Worlds most successful model for advancing
peace and democracy.
A unique institution Member States
voluntarily cede national sovereignty in many
areas to carry out common policies and
governance.
Not a super-state to replace existing states,
nor just an organization for international
cooperation.
Worlds most open market for goods and
commodities from developing countries.
57

How is the EU run?

Institutions

Youtube: What is the EU?

How are they organized?

Three key Political players

The European
ParliamentVoice of the people

The Council of the

European Union
Voice of the Member States

The
European
Commissio
n

Their Executive Branch ?

Their Legislative Branch ?

Political
1. EU Parliament Currently 785 MEPs. Based in France,
Belgium and Luxembourg House of Reps
Passes laws, monitors budget, monitors EU institutions

2. EU Council Representations from each member state

Passes laws, approves EU budget, co-ordination
of economic policies, develops foreign policy,
co-ordinates anti-crime strategies

Senate

3. EU Commission 20 Commissioners appointed by each

member state every 5 years Executive Branch
Proposes legislation, implements EU policies,
law enforcement, international co-ordination

Does the EU have a Judicial Branch ?

Q:

Are the Political Institutions of the EU similar to

the institutions/branches that run our government?

A:

Three branches:
Executive
Legislative
Judicial

They do not correspond exactly to the traditional

division of power in democratic governments. Rather,
they embody the EUs dual supra-national and
inter-governmental character

European Parliament

Voice of European citizens.

Members elected for five-year

terms.

With the Council, passes EU

laws and adopts EU budgets.

Approves EU Commissioners.

Council of the European Union

EUs main decision-making body,

comprised of ministers of 28
Member States, representing each
Member States point of view.

Decides on foreign policy issues.

Council presidency rotates among

Member States every six months.

European Commission
28 Commissioners, each responsible
for specific policy areas, representing
the common European perspective.
Proposes legislation and enforces laws.
Negotiates trade agreements.
Manages Europes multilateral
development cooperation.
European Commission President
Jos Manuel Barroso

Financial
European Central Bank inflation target
of less than 2% per year, sets short term interest
rates for the whole eurozone area,
Implements and monitors Eurozone monetary policy

European Investment Bank

owned by member states.
Raise finance through financial markets,
Invest in projects to promote aims of EU
large scale projects

Court of Auditors monitors legality

and efficiency of EU income and expenditure

Legal
Court of Justice one judge from each member state

Highest EU judicial authority.

Ensures all EU laws are interpreted and applied

correctly and uniformly.

Activities

500 million people

28 countries

69

Enlargement - New Members

Croatia

EU Current Problems?
What additional nations should be
accepted into the EU?

Issue of immigration

How stable is the EU after expansion which

included many former Eastern Bloc nations.

Giving up long-held national laws

replaced by Europa laws.

Pull factors

Let them join

Economic freedom
Jobs
Prosperity

Social stability
Social welfare
Peace

Political freedom
Womens rights
Minority rights

Religious pluralism
Ethnic Pluralism
74

Push Factors

Dont let them join

Political instability
Economic oppression or instability
Ethnic strife
Religious oppression
Natural disasters

75

Assignment

CURRENT EU ISSUES

#1: Should Turkey be able to join the EU?

Access and read the following articles regarding the topic:
Background on Turkey and the EU
Turkey and the EU
Turkey and the EU
1. Using Word, read the articles above and construct a chart, or table,
where you will identify [in your own words] the arguments for and
against Turkeys admission in the EU.
Example:

Pros
Cons

#2:

[a] How is Immigration a problem for the EU?

[b] How are they dealing with this problem?

1. Access and read all pages [subpages too] of the site below regarding the
topics listed above:

Immigration issues and the EU

2. After reading, create two paragraphs to answer [a] and two paragraphs to
answer [b].
3. When completed and reviewed for spelling and grammatical errors, upload
your documents. Place unon your mini-tab as directed on the next slide.

What do I do with them when Im done?

. When completed and reviewed for spelling and grammatical

errors, upload your documents Create a mini-tab on your
Unit I: Europe tab. Title it European Union Issues
[example below]

2. Be sure to edit your picture on this page to fit the topic!

Current European Union Issues
#1 Should Turkey Join the European Union?

Example:

#2 Immigration Issue
a. How is it a problem for the EU?

b. How are they dealing with the problem?

Why the European Union?

Assignment:
Directions are on my Weebly
Page under Europe.
Why the European Union