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2 Muufom;qDjyef rcspfpk 12
3 bmvacsmifaMumfMumf rcspfpk 12
4 csOfaygif[if;csKd rcspfpk 13
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7 &cdkifMuufumvom;csuf a&T0g 15
8 Muuf
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9 Muuf
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10 Muuf
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11 0ufom;eJUc&rf;oD;csuf [efeDcsKd 18
12 c&rf;csOfoD;yefaxGazsmf rcspfpk 19
13 ypfxnfha&marT[if;csufenf; Mahuya 19
14 cgcsufO(rkefvmOeD)zufxkyfaygif; rcspfpk 20
15 Buuf^0uf^qdwf^odk;^trJ taBuom;[if; - 1 wdkusKdzdkufwm 21
16 taBuom;[if; - 2 (0ufom;vHk;[if;) wdkusKdzdkufwm 22
17 bl;oD;eJYMuufom; zzz 23
18 Muufom; bl;oD ;oD; .. umvom;csuf garfield 24
19 0ufom;eJho&ufoD;ajcmufcsufenf; rcspfpk 25
20 owfowfvGwfykef;&nfMuD;okyf?0ufom;ykef;&nfMuD;csuf MiMi 26
21 &cdkifig;eDwlom;av;udk okyfpm;wJhenf; a&T0g 27
22 ig;eD
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23 ykZGef[if; ('ufpdefcsufenf;) 'ufpdef 28
24 ucsif[if; 'ufpdef 29
25 ykZGefrD;zkwf zawoo1 29
26 oufoufvGwf wdkY[l;aEG;csufenf; rcspfpk 30
27 trJom; qDjyef[if; auyD 31
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28 vQmvnfp&m ylpDeHaxmif; thunderhawk 32
29 i½kwfoD;axmif; thunderhawk 32
30 ql;ykyf&GufeJUbJOaMumf yzg 33
31 0ufaygifajcmuf auyD 33
32 ykef;&nfBuD;ESifh0ufom; wdkusKdzdkufwm 34
33 Muufom;eSifh'd'ed fcsOfcsufenf; Miee 35
34 yum mar mar (,rfrm;rm;- m;rm;-rm;rm;acgufqGJokyf) Miee 36
35 'nif;oD;jyKwfenf;wpf wpfenf
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36 uefpGef;&Gufokwf [efeDcsKd 37
37 bmnmrygxrif;okyf-jywfwHk;vyfwHk;rdkY wdkusKdzdkufwm 38
38 yk&pfaMumf uapmfarmiftkef; 39
39 a&Tz&HkoD; tkef;EdkYcsuf
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40 qdwfom;[if;udk&dk;&dk;av;csufenf; zawoo1 40
41 ig;clig;qkyf auyD 41
42 uRefawmfhtMudKuf ig;claMumf zawoo1 42
43 aq;bJ
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44 bJOcsOf&nf[if; auyD 44
45 Buuf
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46 ,dk;',m; [if;cdsK auyD 47
47 0ufajcaxmuf pGyfjyKwf auyD 47
48 crispy fried beef (trJom;tMuGyfaMumf) SandyM 48
49 jynfBuD;ig;?uif
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50 BuufawmifyHaBumf &kd;&dk;ESifhtpyf(spicy)aBumf
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51 yef;ao;acgufqGJaBumf wdkusKdzdkufwm 50
52 tkef;EdkUacgufqGJ (1) SoePayLay 51
53 tkef;EdkYacguf
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54 ig;xrif;csOf rcspfpk 54
55 eef;MuD;acgufqGJokyf wdkusKdzdkufwm 55
56 qDcsufacgufqG qJG wdkusKdzdkufwm 57
57 &Srf;acgufqGJ (1) rcspfpk 60
58 MumqH[if;cg; rcspfpk 61
59 rkefnif;csOfvkyfenf; (1) Blue_Apyar 62
60 rkefnif;csOfvkyfenf; (2) TMM 62
61 Muuf
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62 aBu;tdk; gfh540 63
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63 aMu;tdk;ESifhaMu;tdk;qDcsuf rcspfpk 64
64 aMu;td
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65 ocGg;oD; sarada wdkusdKzdkufwm 68
66 yJjcrf;aBumfokyf wdkusKdzdkufwm 68
67 bdef;rkefUvkyfenf; (1) rdkufatmif 69
68 bdef;rkefUvkyfenf; (2) auyD 70
69 udk;&D;,m;csOfzwf(uif
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70 rkefY[if;cg; (1) wdkusKdzdkufwm 73
71 rkefY[if;cg; (2) k_mayz 75
72 rkefY[if;cg; (3) auyD 78
73 aumf&nftvG,fcsufenf; [efeDcsKd 79
74 0ufom;wkwfxdk; xxx 80
75 &cdkifrkefYwD [if;&nfcsufenf; a&T0g 81
76 pawmfb,f&Dvufazsmf wdkusKdzdkufwm 82
77 tkef;EdkYausmufausmESifYa&cJokyf rcspfpk 83
78 a&TawmifacgufqGJ wdkusKdzdkufwm 84
79 oBuFefxrif; (1) twmarmiftkefe;f 87
80 oBuFefxrif; (2) reign 88
81 0ufeH&dk;aygif;acgufqGJ rcspfpk 89
82 'efayguf [efeDcsKd 90
83 qDxrif; auyD 92
84 jrdwfuwfaMu;udkuf (odkU) rav;&Sm;acgufqGJaMumf (1) nna1981 92
85 ausmufausm auyD 93
86 rkefvmOcsOf&nf[if; thunderhawk 93
87 qdwfom;cywfaMumf wdkusdKzdkufwm 94
88 oeyfpHkokwf [efeDcsdK 95
89 ykZGef'Haygufcsufenf; auyD 95
90 0ufacgif;csOf auyD 96
91 c&rf;oD;ESyf auyD 96
92 0ufom;tcsKdcsufenf; xxx 97
93 trsdK;aygif;wpfaxmif[if;vsm &efukefcspfol 97
94 MuufOaMumfaMumf candellia 98
95 uifrfcsD tvG,fvkyfenf; auyD 98
96 ig;wefaMumfenf; DD85 99
97 0ufom;awmufawmufpif;aygif; candellia 99
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 7

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98 [if;csdK auyD 100
99 ykZGefxkyfaMumf(tDwmvQHpwdkif) auyD 100
100 tom;wkudk bvmacsmifaMumfenf;av; auyD 100
101 acgufqGJokyf candellia 101
102 uif;rGef tpmoGwfaMumf guest 102
103 ig;oavmufaygif;eJYig;oavmufqDjyef yef candellia 103
104 aumf&nfacgufqGJ (0ufom;) ysdKysdKar 104
105 ig;z,fig;ydcsuf ESifh uifyGef;csOf&nf nf ysdKysdKar 105
106 rkefnif;jzLcsuf (1) bdk;rSif 106
107 rkefnif;jzLcsuf (2)(2) abmhusef 107
108 aygufpDvkyfenf; SandyM 108
109 MuufOcsufenf;rsm; arausmf 109
110 ykZGefxkyfqDNyefESifh csOfaygifarTcsuf
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111 wdkY[l;okyf qGdwD 110
112 ykZGefcsOf Amandior 112
113 MumZHaMumfokyf arausmf 113
114 a&n§d auyD 114
115 ukvm;b,maMumf arT;arT; pyfpyfav; qGdwD 115
116 csif;(*sif;)Muufom;aMumf qGdwD 116
117 oD;pHkyJukvm;[if; ESifh ig;eDwltpyfaMumf arausmf 117
118 0ufom;tpyfcsufqDjyefESifh rQpfcsOfaygif[if; arausmf 118
119 rkefYvHk;BuD; vkyfenf; ysdKysd
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120 zvefawmifa0S;aMumf qGdwD 120
121 ykZGefcsOfokyf pyfpyfav; qGdwD 121
122 wkwfxdk;tvG,fvkyfenf; aeaomfwm 122
123 w&kwfqefjyKwf jyKwfenf; ysdKysdKar 122
124 xrif;okyf qGdwD 123
125 iHjym&nfcsuf suf thunderhawk 123
126 cspfpkpwdkifvf xrif;okyfyf eJY oufoufvGwf xrif;csOf
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127 *Pef;csufenf; ysdKysdKar 125
128 Muufom;yvmwm ysdKysdKar 126
129 rkefYvifr,m; ysdKysdKar 127
130 0ufpwl; ysdKysdKar 128
131 ykpGefvHk;csdKcsOf ysdKysdKar 129
132 ,dk;',m;pwdkifMuufom;okyf qGdwD 130
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134 ig;z,fjcpfokyf ESifh yJjym;okyf ESif;qDzl; 132
135 0ufeH&dk;(odkUr[kwf)ykZGef ig; ig;yd
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136 Darkdemon &JY ]tjrnf;} Darkdemon 133
137 &Srf;acgufqGJ (2) Bloom 134
138 aumufn§if; a&Txrif; ysdKysdKar 135
139 tonf;pm;enf; abmhusef 135
140 ig;½SOfhqDjyef abmhusef 136
141 vG,fvG,fulul aq;bJOokyf KLM 137
142 uvDpm[if; ysdKysdKar 138
143 &Srf;acgufqGJ (3) qGdwD 140
144 0ufacgif;okyf ysdKysdKar 142
145 Nrefrmh½kd;&m trJom;ESyfqDNyefcsuf arausmf 143
146 tukefypfxnfh c&rf;csOfoD; ig;ydcsuf suf arausmf 143
147 trJom;tpdrf;okyf abmhusef 144
148 ocGm;oD;okyf (1) (1) av'DusL;ypf 145
149 ocGm;oD;okyf (2) &dkif;wJhZifa,mf 146
150 EGm;EdkYcJvkyfenf;? EGEGm;EdkYcJcsufenf;? EGm;EdkUcsufcsuf
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151 ig;ESyf[if
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152 tpmodyf av'DusL;ypf 150
153 i½kwfoD;tpmoGyf candellia 151
154 Fried Crab Meat thuyalin2006 152
155 &ckdifig;z,fxkyfqDjyef arjrdKUol 153
156 bJOaygif;csufenf; AnthonyM 153
157 xrif;aygif;csufenf; (atmfyGef) Vit_C 154
158 iSufaysmzl;aMumf av'DusL;ypf 155
159 rydk wdkU[l; qGdwD 156
160 wkd[l;aysmhcsufenf; abmhusef 158
161 bJOvdyfc&rf;csOfoD;ESyf abmhusef 159
162 yJjym;csOfpyfyf rcspfpk 160
163 jrd
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164 [efeDcsKd tokyfpkH [efeDcsdK 161
165 aqGrsKd;arh0ufom;tcsOfcsufenf; AnthonyM 161
166 jynfBuD;ig; csOfpyf rodbl;^abmhusef 162
167 BuufOeJY rkefnif;csOfaBumf remembrance 163
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168 0ufom;oHk;xyfom;csufenf; &dkif;wJhZifa,mf,mf 163
169 seabass aBumfESyf &dkif;wJhZifa,mf 164
170 uefpGef;&GufESifhig;ydaMumf (Kangkong Blachan) qGdwD 165
171 xdkif;abq,fMuufom;aMumf (Thai Basil Chicken) qGdwD 166
172 vufzuftaMumfpHkaMumfenf; ysdKysdKar 168
173 Muufom;[if;tcsKdcsuf udka&T&dk;MuD MuD; 170
174 a&aEG;Murf;eJUxef;vsuf
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175 ,dk;',m;oabFmoD;axmif; qGdwD 172
176 vljzL\
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177 jrd
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178 acG;awmuf&Guf[if;csdK qGdwD 175
179 csOfiHpyf[if;csdK abmhusef 176
180 &Sd&SJaMumf vljzL
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181 MuufOcsOf&nf[if; [efeDcsdK 177
182 ydEéJoD;[if; [efeDcsdK 177
183 prlqmaMumfenf; qGdwD 178
184 &Srf;acguf
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185 qDcsufacgufqJG tvG,fcsufenf; qGdwD 182
186 emewfoD; xrif;aMumf aMumf qGdwD 182
187 yJ[if;&nfeJUokyfwJh Muufom;okyf Mya 184
188 axmywf^oD;pHkxrif;csufenf;^Muufom;'defcsOfcsufenf; ysdKysdKar 185
189 Edkif;Edkif;pae\
pae\ xdk[l;aEG; andrewdeep 186
190 Roast Chicken and Bonus Gravy KLM 188
191 Roasted Sweet Potatoes KLM 189
192 Simple Salad KLM 190
193 c&rf;oD;ESyf ^ c&rf;csOfoD;ESyf lovemgmg 191
194 0ufom;ESifhrQpfajcmuf ^ 0ufom;qDjyef lovemgmg 192
195 Muufom;tmvl; ^ Muufom;tkef;EdkYcsuf lovemgmg 193
196 c&rf;csOfoD;azsmf ^ ig;ydaxmif; lovemgmg 194
197 0ufom;aygif; ^ ig;Muif;qDjyef lovemgmg 195
198 yJukvm;[if; ^ c&rf;oD;ESyf lovemgmg 196
199 ,dk;',m;[if;csdK ^ 12 rsdK;[if;csdK lovemgmg 197
200 yJMud;[if;csdK ^ rJZvD[if;csdK lovemgmg 198
201 a*G;awmuf&Guf[if;csdK ^ a&Smuf&Guf[if;csdK lovemgmg 199
202 *sL;jrpfcsOf&nf^ rkefvmOcsOf&nf lovemgmg 200
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203 uifyGef;&GufcsOf&nf ^ csOfaygif[if; lovemgmg 201
204 wdkY[l;okyf ^ ig;csOfokyf lovemgmg 202
205 0ufom;okyf^ Muufom;okyf lovemgmg 203
206 oabFmoD;okyf^c&rf;csOfoD;okyf lovemgmg 204
207 ykZGefokyf^ jrif;cGm&Gufokyf lovemgmg 205
208 ig;z,f
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209 ig;&HUtlqDjyef^ wnif
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210 ig;ykwfajcmufokyf heronaing 208
211 pHkpdyvHkpd refbmrsm; 209
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1) ',ftdk;wckxJrSmqDudkxrif;pm;ZGef;wZGef;xnfh?tkef;EdkY bl;azgufxnfh?
qm;^oBum;=vufzuffpm;ZGef;wpfZGef;pDxnhf/

2) 4if;udkrD;rQOf;rQOf;eJYtylay;írlvtkef;EdkYbl;\ 2^3 (oHk;yHkyHkESpfyHk) &atmifBudKyg/

3) 5 vHk;qefYxrif;csuftdk;xJrSmaq;íppfxm;aomqef (5)vHk;xnfh? a&=(4)cGufcGJtwdxnfh?


BudKxm;wJhtkef;EdkY(1)cGufxnfh? OwpfvHk;BuufoGefeD(5)vHk; (odkY)vDS;xm;wJhBuufoGefeDxnfh?
jyD;&ifcvkwfESdyfícsufyg/

4) xrif;rusufrD (10) rdepftvdkrSmxrif;csuftdk;tzHk;udk[í txJrSxrif;rsm;udk


txufatmuforatmif arTay;yg/

5) xrif;csuftdk;rSxrif;usufaBumif;tcsufjyí (10) rdepf aejyD;vQiftkef;xrif;pm;í&ygjyD/


tkef;xrif;+Buufom;qDjyef[if;+o&ufoD;ydk;wDokyf+iHjym&nfaBumf^bmvacsmifaBumf+csOfaygif
[if;csdK pm;vdkuf&&ifjzifh...

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 12

2) Muufom;qDjyef - rcspfpk

Muufom;qDjyefcsufenf;

1) Muufwpfaumif
2) MuufoGefeD (5) O
3) rqvm

csufjyKwfenf;

1) MuufwpfaumifvHk;udk t&G,fawmftwHk;rsm;wHk;jyD; a&aq;um qm;? tcsdKrIefU? iefjym&nf?


eEGif;jzifhe,fyg/

2) MuufoGefeDudktcGHcGmum yg;yg;vSD;yg/ jyD;aemuf ',ftdk;jym;udkrD;ay:wifum qD[if;csufZGef;jzifh


(3) ZGef;xnfhyg/ qDusufvmvQif eEGif;tenf;i,fxnfhumyg;yg;vSD;xm;aomMuufoGefudkxnfhyg/
MuufoGefusufcgeD;wGif i½kwfoD;rIefYvufzuf&nfZGef;jzifh (2) ZGef;xnfhyg/ MuufoGefusufvQif
e,fxm;aomMuufom;udkxnfhum qm;? tcsdKrIefU? iefjym&nfxnfhum (5) rdepfavmufarTay;yg/
Muufom;wif;vmvQif a&udk Muufom;zkef;&Hkxnfhum rD;jyif;jyif;jzifhwnfyg/ (15)
rdepfavmufwnfjyD; a&crf;vQif rqvm vufzuf&nfZGef; (1) ZGef;xnfhum qDjyefvmonftxd
arTay;yg/ qDjyefvmjyD; rqvmteHUarT;vmvQif Muufom;qDjyeftdk;udk rD;ay:rScsEdkifygjyD/

%%%%%%%%

3) bm
bmvacsmifaMumf - rcspfpk

1) trIKefYMudwfxm;aom ykZGefajcmuf (25) *&rf


2) MuufoGefeD (5) O (yg;yg;vSD;)
3) MuufoGefjzL (1) O (yg;yg;vSD;)
4) i½kwfoD; rD;avSmfrIefY

pwifaMumfenf;

1) ',ftdk;jym;xJodkY qD [if;csufZGef;jzifh (5) ZGef;avmufxnfhyg/ qDylvmaomtcg


eEGif;tenf;i,fxnfhí yg;yg;vSD;xm;aom MuufoGefeDudk t0ga&mifoef;vmonftxdaMumfyg/
MuufoGefjzLudkvnf; xdkenf;wlpGmaMumfyg/ aMumfxm;aom MuufoGefjzL? eDwdkYudk
yef;uefjym;xJwGifq,f,lxnfhxm;yg/
2) vufusefqDudk rD;ay:jyefwifjyD; trIefUMudwfxm;aom ykZGefajcmufudk xnfhjyD; (5)
rdepfavmufMumvQif i½kwfoD; rD;avSmfrIefUudkxnfhjyD; arTay;yg/ jyD;vQif aMumfxm;aom
MuufoGefjzL? MuufoGefeDudkxnfhum qm;? tcsdKrIefU vdkoavmufxnhf tdk;xJwGif
tm;vHk;oratmifarTay;yg? cPMumvQif t&om&Sdaom bmvacsmifaMumfudktoifhpm;EdkifygjyD/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 13

4) csOfaygif[if
[if;csKd - rcspfpk

csOfaygif[if;&nfcsufenf;

1) csOfaygif&Gufwpfpnf;
2) ykZGefajcmuf
3) MuufoGefeD 1 O? MuufoGefjzL 3 jrTm

pwifcsufenf;

1) csOfaygif&GufoifjyD; a&aq;xm;yg/ MuufoGefjzL? eDudktcGHcGmjyD; yg;yg;vSD;xm;yg/

2) qDxrif;pm;ZGef;jzifh (3) ZGef;avmufxnfhjyD; MuufoGefeD? MuufoGefjzL i½kwfoD;rIefYvufzuf&nfZGef;


(1)ZGef;cefh xnhfjyD;qDowfyg/ rSsifig;ydtenf;i,fxnhfjyD; ykZGefajcmufxnfhum arTay;yg/ (5)
rdepfavmufMumvQif a&udk tdk;wpf0ufavmufxnfhum qlyGufvmonftxd rD;jyif;jyif;jzifhwnfyg/

3) em&D0ufavmufMumaomtcg yGufaeaom tdk;xJodkY csOfaygif&Gufxnfhum qm;? tcsdKrIefY?


iefjym&nfvdkoavmufxnfhjyD; rD;jyif;jyif;jzifh tcsdK&nfusatmifwnfyg/ (15) rdepfavmufMumvQif
rD;ay:rScsEdkifygjyD/

csufenf;uawmh aocsmawmhrodbl;? rSef;jyD;pdwfxJ&Sdwma&;vdkufrdwmyg/


trSm;yg&ifcGifhvTwfygaemf/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 14

5) tmvl;aBumf[if; - wdkusKdzdkufwm

a&jcm;ajrjcm;rSma&mufaewJh jrefrmusL;ypfu udkudkrrwdkYtwGuf tbzdkufcsufwwfcJhwJh? csufpm;cJhzl;wJh


vG,f^aumif;^oufom[if;csufenf;av;awGudk a0rQay;vdkufygw,f/ ...zkwfokyfaBumfavSmf csufjyKwf
pm;BunfhBuyg armif^r,fwdkY/
(udk,fcsufwwfovdk csufpm;cJhaom[if;rsm;jzpfí t&omrawGUygu acG;rvTwfBuygeJYAsdKU)

tmvl;aBumf[if;*
vdktyfaomtoD;t&GufESifhjyifqifjcif;

1) vufoD;qkyft&G,f\wpf0uft&G,f tmvl; (5) vHk;


(tmvl;udktcGHETm ívufoef;t&G,f twHk;av;rsm; &atmif vDS;yg/)
2) BuufoGefeDOwpf0uf? BuufoGefjzLtjrTm3jrTm
(BuufoGefjzL^eDudkyg;yg;vDS;íxm;yg)
3) BuufOwpfvHk;
(yef;uefwvHk;xJü BuufOudk qm;? tcsdKrIefY(oBum;=tcsdKrIefYrxnfhcsif&if) teJi,fxnfhí
arTxm;yg)
4) qD (xrif;csufvQifcsdefaomaumfcGuf\wpf0uf)
5) rnufwnufBudwfxm;wJhi½kwfaumif;rIefY(bvufyufyg)BuufoGefjzLtjrTmwpfjrTm\w0uft&G,f)

csufjyDAsdKU

1) ',ftdk;xJqDxnfhjyD; rD;zdkay:rSm rD;rQOf;rQOf;eJY qDylatmifwnfyg/


2) yg;yg;vDS;xm;wJh BuufoGefeDudk xnfhíarTyg? wpfrdepfavmufrSm BuufoGefjzLudk
xnfharTyg/ (tom;ygrSBudKufolrsm; ykZGefajcmuf^EkyfEkyfpOf;xm;wJh0uf^Buuf
tom;rsm;udkcktcsdefrSmxnfharTyg)
3) BuufoGefjzL^eDwdkYeDa,mifoef;vm&iftmvl;awGwnfhaBumfyg(rD;jyif;jyif;eJY)
qm;?tcsdKrIefYxnfhyg? yJiefjymtBunf&nf vufzufpm;ZGef; (2) ZGef;xnfhyg(iefjym&nfrxnfh&)
4) a&(qefcsdefaomaumfcGuf) wpfcGufxnfhí arTay;jyD;&if tzHk;tkyfí rD;rQOf;rQOf;eJY
wnfxm;yg/
5) tmvl;rsm;El;í a&crf;csdefrSm arTxm;wJh BuufOudk ae&mESHUatmif vuf,m&pf0dkufí
jzef;xnfhyg/ i½kwfaumif;rIefYrsm;jzL;yg/
6) tzHk;tkyfxm;jyD; ',ftdk;udk wpfrdepf rD;rQOf;rQOf;eJY qufwnfjyD;&if rD;udkydwfvdkufyg/
7) olYtylaiGYESifhol rD;zdkay:rSm (5) rdepfxm;jyD;&if cspm;vdkY&ygjyD/
xrif;ylylay:rSmwifjyD; i½kwfoD;aBumfav;eJYwGJpm;? a&aEG;Burf;ylylav;aomufvdkuf&&ifjzifh
t&omwpfrsdK; wdk;apr,fh tmvl;aBumf[if; jzpfaBumif;ygcifAsm/

tmvl;aBumf[if; &JY tmvl;ae&mrSm tmvl;tpm; rkefvmO?yef;a*:zDwdkYudk


vnf;csufEdkifygw,f/ om;owfvGwfpm;csifolawGuawmh tom;eJY BuufOrxnfhbJ
csufEdkifygw,f/ (wdkusdKzdkufwm)
%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 15

6) &cdkifig;ydcsufenf; - a&T0g
(pyfayr,fh xrif;jrdefrSjrdef..aemf? prf;MunfYMu)

vdktyfaomtrnfrsm; - (2)a,mufpm twGuf

1) ig;Muif; (25) usyfom;


2) i½kwfoD;pdrf; (20) awmifh (tpyfrMudKufvQif avQmhxnfUyg)
3) rusnf;oD; uGrf;oD;vHk;cefY
4) pdrf;pm;ig;yd (2) usyfom; (&cdkifrQifig;ydqdkydkaumif;)
5) eHeHyif (5) yif cefY

ig; (yifv,fig;qdkydkaumif;ygw,f) ig;Muif; (25) usyf om;udk taeawmfwHk;yD; qm;eEGif;e,fyg?


jyD;vQif csufrnfYtdk;xJxnfYxm;yg..

ig;ydeSifh rusnf;oD; a&m (t&nfazsmfyD; a& edkYqDbl; wpfbl;pmcefYjzifh) xdka&udke,fxm;aom


ig;xJavmif;xnfhjyD; qlatmifrD;jyif;jzifhwnfyg.. a&qljyD; (5)rdepf Mumaomtcg
tn§majcGxm;aom i½kwfoD;pdrf;axmif;xnfh (i½kwfoD;udk MudKraxmif;&yg..ta&mifrnf;jyD;
cg;wwfonf)/ eHeHyifxnfUjyD; a&jyefqlonfeSifY tdk;udkrD;zdkay:rScsxm;yg.. Al;&Guf? Al;oD;om;av;?
c&rf;oD;om;av; ?rkefn§if;&GufJjyKwfrsm;? ocGm;oD; wdkUp&mwdkYjzifh yl;wGJ oHk;aqmifedkifygjyD&Sif..

%%%%%%%%
7) &cdkifMuufumvom;csuf - a&T0g

ajymjyygr,f..
Muuf (40) om;wpfaumif
MuufoGefeD (2) O
i½kwfoD;tpdrf;rIefY tenf;i,f
pdrf;pm;ig;yd rusnf;aphcefU
pyg;vif (2)vyif
qD (1)vZGef;cefY

taeawmfwHk;xm;aomMuufom;udk qm;? eEGif;e,fyg?


i½kwfoD;? MuufoGef?big;yd wdkYa&maxmif;jyD; e,fxm;aomMuufom;ESif.xyfe,fyg..qDxnfhyg..
a&tenf;i,fxnfhjyD; tdk;zHk;rzGifYyJ rD;jyif;jzifhwnfyg..
a&cef;vQifxyfxnfhay;yg?
tom;El;vQif pyg;vifyifudk taeawmfydkif;jyD; xkxnfUyg..
tdk;zHk;tkyfxm;jyD; (5) rdepfMumvQif ..
arT;MudKifaom &cdkif MuufumvorD;([D;[D; a&T0g csufwmrdkYvdkU) csufudk pm;oHk; EdkifygjyD&Sif..

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 16

8) Muuf
Muuom;uk
om;ukef;abmifMuD;aMumf
ESifhpGefxef[if;&nf - rcspfpk

1) Muufom; &iftkyf (2) jcrf;


2) MuufoGefeD (2) O
3) i½kwfoD;ajcmufyG (10) awmifh
4) MuufoGefjrdwf (2) yif

jyifqifenf;

1) Muufom;&iftkyf (2) jcrf;udk a&aq;yg/ jyD;vsiftaeawmf twHk;ao;av;rsm;wHk;jyD; qm;?


tcsdKrIefY? eEGif;? yJiefjym&nfjzifh e,fxm;yg/
2) MuufoGefudktcGHcGmum av;pdwfpdwfxm;&ef/ i½kwfoD;ajcmufyGudk (2) ydkif;ydkif;xm;yg/
MuufoGefudkvnf; xdkenf;vnf;aumif; vuf(2)qpft&G,fvSD;xm;yg/

pwifcsufjyKwfenf;

taeawmfaZmufeuf',ftdk;udk rD;ay:wifyg/ qDxrif;pm;ZGef;jzifh (5) ZGef;rS (7) ZGef;xnfhyg/


qDylvmvQif vSD;xm;aomMuufoGefudkxnfhyg/ MuufoGefta&mifEGrf;vmvQif toifhe,fxm;aom
Muufom;udkxnfhyg/ qm;? tcsdKrIefY? xnfhum a&tenf;i,fxnfhí tzHk;tkyfxm;yg/ a&crf;jyD;
qDjyefvmaomtcg yJiefjym&nftaemufudktenf;i,fxnfhjyD; arTay;yg/ jyD;vQif
i½kwfoD;ajcmufyGudkxnfhyg/ i½kwfoD;eHUarT;vmvQif MuufoGefjrdwftkyfum rD;ay:rScsEdkifygjyD/

i½kwfoD;eHUarT;aom Muufom;ukef;abmifMuD;aMumfudk
pGefxef[if;&nfjzifhwGJaomufvQifydkvdkufzufygw,f/ pGefxefajcmuftoifh&Sd&ifaygh/
pGefxef[if;&nfvkyfwmuawmhtawmfav;vG,fygw,f/

jyif
yifqifenf;

taeawmfpGefxefajcmufudk [if;&nfaomufyefuef;vHk;xJxnfhyg/ jyD;vQif MuufoGefjzL (2) jrTm


ESifh csif;vufwpfqpfudk "g;jym;jzifh&dkuf? i½kwfoD;pdrf;udk 2jcrf;jcrf;yg/ tm;vHk;udk
pGefxefxnfhxm;aom yef;uefxJodkYxnfh? qm;? tcsdKrSkefY vdkoavmufxnhf jyD;vQif
a&aEG;yGufyGufqludkavmif;xnfhjyD; tay:rStzHk;tkyfxm;vdkufyg/ (10) rdepfavmufMumvQif
pGefxef[if;&nfudkaomufEdkifygjyD/

udk all-in-free Muufom;ukef;abmifMuD;aMumfESifhpGefxef[if;&nfaomufjyD;


'DaehtwGufxrif;jrdefavmufjyD/

'Dxufaumif;aomMuufom;ukef;abmifMuD;aMumf&Sd&ifvnf;a&;ay;ygOD; udkwdkusdK

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 17

9) Buufom;ukef;abmifBuD;aBumf - wdkusKdzdkufwm

vdktyfaompm&if;ESifhjyifqifjcif;

1) Buufom; (350) *&rf vufr&G,ftwHk;av;rsm;&atmifwHk;yg


qm;=vufzufpm;ZGef; (1) ZGef;? tcsdKrIefY^oBum;= (1^2) ZGef;? yJiefjym&nf
(tjypf^taemuf^Bumnd§KU&nf) (1) ZGef;? csif;&nf= (1^2) ZGef;? csif;
vufwqpfcefYudkaxmif;^jcpfín§pfxkwfxm;wJht&nf? t&ufjzL^qmau;^0dkiftjzL
xrif;pm;ZGef; (1) ZGef;xnfhíe,fESyfxm;yg/
2) MuufoGefeDOBuD; wpfvHk;
(tcGHETmíxufjcrf;jcrf;? &vmaomwpfjcrf;udkav;pdwfpdwf? 2jcrf;=8pdwf)
3) BuufoGefjzL tjrTm (4) jrTm ("g;jym;&dkufxm;yg)
4) rkefvmOteD (wpfxGmcefY) wpfawmifh
(tcGHETmí rnDrnm vufr&G,fcefY vSD;xm;yg)
5) oD[dkVfaph (10 odkY 15) aph
6) i½kwfoD;tyGajcmuf^tuspfajcmuf (5) awmifh
7) yD;rm;= i½kwfoD;tpdrf;tyG (tcsdK) wpf vHk;
(xufjcrf;cGJ?taphxkwfí rnDrnm vDS;xm;yg)

pwifcsufjyKwfjcif;

1) (28) pifwDrDwm us,fí? (15) pifwDrDwm aZmufeuf&Sd ukwfwifxm;wJh',ftdk;rSm


qDudk qefjcifcGufjzifh (4) cGuf(ArmjynfrSvGJí EdkifiHwumrSm qDaygygw,f)
xnfhyg? rD;rQOf;rQOf;eJY (6) rdepftylay;yg/
2) qDylvQif i½kwfoD;ajcmufrsm;xnfhaBumfyg? eDndKa&mifoef;íMuGyfvmvQif
q,f,líxm;yg/
3) rnDrnmvDS;xm;wJh BuufoGefjzL^eD? rkefvmOeD? i½kwfoD;tpdrf;tcsdKyG? oD[dkVf
aphwdkYudk (6) rdepfcefYxnfhaBumfjyD; q,f,líxm;yg/
4) 4if;qDxJrSmyJ e,fESyfxm;wJh Buufom;rsm;udk eDndka&mifoef;wJh txdaMumf
(15)rdepf rD;rQOf;rQOf;eJY - jyD;q,f,líxm;yg/
5) ',ftdk;xJrSqDrsm;udk cGuftvGwfwpfckrSm ajymif;xnfhyg/
6) 4if;',ftdk;udkbJtoHk;jyKí tpyxr aBumfavSmfcsufjyKwfjyD;í &&SdjyD;om;qDudk
xrif;pm;ZGef; (3) ZGef;cefY ',ftdk;rSmxnfh? rD;jyif;jyif; (3) rdepftylay;yg/
7) 4if;',ftdk;xJudk tqifh 2)? 3)? ESifh 4) wdkYrS SaBumfxm;wJhBuufom;? BuufoGefjzL^eD? rkefvmO
eD? yD;rm;? oD[dkVfaphwdkYudk avmif;xnfhíxyfaBumfyg? yJiefjym&nftBunfxrif;
pm;ZGef;(1^2) ZGef;cefY jzef;jzL;í (1) rdepfcefY ESHYatmif arTay;jyD;vQif rD;zdkrSrD;udk ydwfyg?
(2) rdepfcefYaejyd;vQifbvuf('Db,f)avb,fbfav;eJYoHk;aqmifEdkifygjyDcifAsm/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 18

10) Muuf[if;cg;oD;csufenf; - rdkufatmif

uRefawmhfholi,fcsif; udk&mru awmif;qdkvdkY a&;ay;vdkufygw,f/

Muuf[if;cg;oD; -(5)vHk;
MuufoGefeD- (4) O
MuufoGefjzL – (1) O
ykZGefajcmuf – (3) usyfom;
i½kwfoD;ajcmuf – (4) awmifh
qD – (3) ZGef;cefh

MuufoGefjzLeDESifh i½kwfoD;rsm;udk aMunufatmifaxmif;? ykZGefajcmufudkvnf;axmif;jyD; qm;oifh


½Hkxnfh? qDtenf;i,fxnfhjyD; a&me,fxm;yg/ Muuf[if;cg;oD;rsm;udk
tuGif;vdkufvSD;jyD; taphxkwfyg? qDESifh e,fxm;aom ykZGefjcmuf i½kwfoD;? MuufoGefwdkUudkd
Muuf[if;cg;oD; ESihfa&me,fjyD; a&tenf;i,fjzifhcsufyg? Muuff[if;cg;oD;rsm;El;jyD; qDjyefvmaomtcg
toifhoHk;aqmifEdkifygjyD? rwl;ap&eftdk;udkrMumcPvIyfay;yg/

rSwfcsuf -csufjyKwfenf; (1000) rS ul;a&;ay;jcif; jzpfygonf/

%%%%%%%%

11) 0ufom;eJU c&rf;oD;csuf – [efeDcsKd

0ufom;okH;xyfom;ukd wpfvufrt&G,ftwkH;av;awGwkH;NyD; qm; oMum;


yJiefNym&nftenf;i,fxnfhNyD; e,fxm;yg..
csif; MuufoGefjzL ukd a&maxmif;xm;yg... MuufoGefeD vSD;xm;yg...
0ufom;ukd tkd;wpfvkH;xJrSmxnfhNyD; olUtqDeJUol tylay;yg.. enf;enf;jcpfvkdU&Sd&if
a&tenf;i,fxnfhay;yg
(0uftoeD wkdufwmaygh) q,frdepfavmufMumwJYtcg eDa,mifoef;vmNyD;
qDawGvnf;xGufvmygvdrfhr,f...
tJ'DxJukd axmif;xm;wJh csif; MuufoGefjzL MuufoGefeD xnfhNyD; arT;vmwJh txdxm;yg..
aemuf... tcsKdrIefU iefjym&nf oifhawmf½kHxnfUyg..
c&rf;oD;yg;yg;vSD;xnfYyg..
a&oifhawmf½kHxnfhNyD; rMumcP arTay;yg..
q,frdepfavmufxm;NyD;&if rD;ydwfvkdU&ygNyD..

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 19

12)
12) c&rf;csOfoD;yefaxGazsmf - rcspfpk

vdktyfonfhypönf;rsm;

1) c&rf;csOfoD; (5) vHk;


2) i½kwfoD; (2) awmifh
3) MuufoGefjzL (3) jrTm
4) eHeHyif
5) yJykwfcsyf (3) csyf

pwifcsufjyKwfenf;

1) yxrqHk; c&rf;csOfoD; (5) vHk;udktdk;xJxnfhjyKwfyg/ em&D0ufavmufMumvQif c&rf;csOfoD;tcGHrsm;


uGJoGm;jyD; tdk;ay:rScsum xdktcGHrsm;udk cGmjyD; c&rf;csOfoD;tom;rsm;udk yef;uefxJwGifxnfhxm;yg/
2) yJykwfcsyfudk rD;at;at;jzifhuifum aMunufoGm;atmifi½kwfqHkjzifhaxmif;yg/ i½kwfqHkr&Sdu
bvuf'g (Blender )jzifhMudwfyg/
3) i½kwfoD;awmifhudkyg;yg;vSD;yg/ MuufoGefjzLudkaMunufoGm;atmifaxmif;yg/ eHeHyifudka&aq;um
vSD;xm;yg/

jyifqifenf;

c&rf;csOfoD;tom;rsm;udkaMuoGm;atmifZGef;jzifhe,fyg/ jyKwfxm;wJhtwGuf
tvG,fwulaMuvG,fygw,f/ jyD;vQif i½kwfoD;? MuufoGefjzL ESifh yJykwfcsyfrsm;udk
xnfhuma&marTyg/ qm;? tcsdKrIefY vdktyfoavmufxnhfyg/ aemufqHk;rSmawmh
eHeHyiftay:rStkyfum c&rf;csOfoD;yefaxGazsmfwpfcGuf&ygjyD/

%%%%%%%%

13) ypfxnfha&marT[if
[if;csufenf; - Mahuya

t&ifqHk;csufvdkaom tom;udkqm;^eEGif;e,fxm;yg/ NyD;vQif MuufoGefeD^NzLudk qDowfyg/


tenf;i,feDvmvQif csif;^pyg;viftenf;i,fESifh i½kwfoD;rIefU^eEGif;^rqvmudk xnfhyg/
wpfrdepfcefUMumvQkif iefNym&nf^tcsdKrIefU ESpfouf&Hk xnfhNyD;oumv........... qm;^eEGif;e,fxm;aom
Muufom;udkxnfhygu... Muufom;[if;NzpfvwhH..../ 0ufom;udkxnfhygu...0ufom;[if;NzpfvwhH....
ig;udkxnfhygu...ig;[if;NzpfvwhH.... (rSwfcsuf..[if;\acgif;pOfrSm....rdrd\a&G;cs,frIyifNzpfonf/)....

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 20

14) cgcsufO(rkefvmOeD)zufxkyfaygif; - rcspfpk

vdktyfaom ypönf;rsm;

1/ zufxkyfaumfjyefY jyKvkyfí&aom tzwf - 50 csyf


2/ cgcsufO ac: rkefvmOeD rEkr&ifY - 5 awmifh
3/ MuufoGefeD - 2O
4/ MuufoGefjzL - 2jjrTm
5/ ykpGefabmcsdwf - 5 usyfom; (abmcsdwfr[kwfvnf; wjcm;ykZGefvnf;&ygw,f)
6/ qDusuf - vufzuf&nfZGef; 2ZGef;

csufjyKwfenf;

rkefvmOeD udktcGHETmí twHk;ao;ao;av;rsm; jyKvkyfjyD; "g;jzifh EkyfEkyfpOf;yg/ MuufoGefeDudkvnf;


EkyfEkyfpOf;yg/ MuufoGefjzLudk nufatmifaxmif;jyD; ykZGefabmusdwfudkvnf; xdkenf;twdkif;pOf;xm;yg/
jyD;aemuf axmif;xm;aom? pOf;xm;aom t&mtm;vHk;udk a&morjyD; qm;? tcsdKrIefY (caem
Muufom;rIefY) qD 2 ZGef;wdkYjzifh a&me,fyg/ zufxkyfaygif;twGif;tpmoGwf&ef twGuf tpm
&jyDjzpfygonf/ xdkYaemuf zufxkyf zuf wpfckudk,lí jyKvkyfxm;aom tpmwpfZGef; (
[if;csufaomZGef; ) cyf,ljyD; zufxkyfzuf wpfckay:wGifwifjyD; vufESpfzufjzifh usef&Sdaeaom
tem;pudkodrf;vdkufyg/ uGmusroGm;ap&eftwGuf aumfrIefYudka&pdrf;jzifh yspfyspfazsmfjyD;
xdkt&nfjzifhuyfyg/ xdkaemuf usefaomzufxkyfzufrsm;udkvnf; xdkenf;wlpGmjyKvkyfyg/
vkyfxm;jyD;aom zufxkyfrsm;udk aMuG&nfokwfyef;uefwpfcsyftwGif; pDxnfhjyD; ESpfxyfaygif;tdk;jzifh
em&D0uf (rdepf 30) Mumatmifaygif;ay;&ygrnf/ ESpfxyfaygif;tdk;r&SdvQif steamer (odkY)
xrif;aygif;tdk;jzifhaygif;vQifvnf;&ygonf/ aygif;írpm;vdkygu aMumfjyD;pm;oHk;Edkifygonf/
c&rf;csOfoD; uufcsyf (odkY) i½kwfoD;aqmhjzifh wGJzufpm;oHk;Edkifygonf/ aygif;ípm;oHk;jcif;onf
aMumfjyD;pm;wmxuf tm[m&qkwf,kwfrI enf;aponfhtjyif usef;rma&;eJYvnf;nDnGwfygw,f/

rSwfcsuf/ / rkefvmOeDae&mwGif pdrf;pm;OxnfhjyD; aumfjyefYaygif;?


aumfjyefYaMumftaeeJYvnf;csufjyKwfpm;Edkifygonf/ wu,fvdkY aumfjyefpdrf;pm;vdkvQif tpmrsm;udk
a&tenf;i,fxnfhum usufatmift&ifcsufjyD;rS aumfjyefYpdrf;taejzifhpm;Edkifw,fvdkY xifygw,f/
(vkyfrpm;Munfhjzpfao;íaocsmrodao;yg)
'Denf;uawmh pmtkyfwpftkyfrSmzwf&jyD; tenf;i,fjznfhpGufjyD;a&;ay;xm;ygonf/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 21

15) Buuf^0uf^qdwf^odk;^trJ
taBuom;[if;-1 - wdkusKdzdkufwm

(taBuom; = Buuf^0uf^qdwf^odk;^trJom; wpfrsdK;rsdK;udk jzpfap? tm;vHk;udka&maESmíjzpfap?


tom;Budwfpufjzifh Budwfxm;aom (odkY) "g;jzifh EkyfEkyfpOf;xm;aom tom;rsm;)

vdktyfaompm&if;ESifhjyifqifrI

1) taBuom; 500 *&rf


2) BuufoGefeDOBuD; 1 vHk;
(tcGHETmít0dkif;^tuGif;vdkuf&atmifvSD;xm;yg)
3) BuufoGefjzlO tjrTm 3 jrTm
(rxlryg;vDS;xm;yg)
4) i½kwfoD;pdrf;awmifht&Snf vufcv,ft&G,f 4 awmifh
(tn§majcG? a'gifvdkufvDS;í ESpfydkif; ydkif;yg? 4awmifh=8ydkif;)
5) rqvm
6) qD(qefjcifaumfcGuf 1 cGuf)

pwifcsufjyKwfjcif;

1) 26 pifwDrDwm t0us,fí ukwfwifxm;onfh ',ftdk;rSmqDxnfh?


rD;rQOf;rQOf; tylay;yg? BuufoGefjzLrsm; xnfhaBumfyg/
2) BuufoGefjzLrsm; eDndKa&mifoef;vmvQif taBuom;rsm;udk xnfhaBumfyg
(qm;? tcsdKrIefY? iefjym&nf^yJiefjym&nftBunf xnfhyg)
3) taBuom;rS tom;\ ta&mifteDa&mif aysmufwJhtxd opfom;a,mufrjzifharTí aBumfay;yg?
a&udk qefjcifaumfcGufjzifh wpfcGufcGJxnfhyg? tzHk;zHk;í rD;jyif;jyif;ESifh (5) rdepfcefYwnfyg/
4) a&rcef;wcef;avmufrSm tuGif;vdkuf^t0dkif;vdkuf vDS;xm;wJhBuufoGefeDrsm; xnfharT^aBumfyg?
rD;rQOf;rQOf;ESifh (5) rdepfcefY wnfjyD;aemuf i½kwfoD;pdrf;?rqvm(xrif;pm;ZGef;1ZGef;)
xnfharT^aBumfjyD;vQif tzHk;tkyf?rD;ydwfyg/ olYtylaiGYESifhol (5) rdepfcefYxm;jyD;vQif
oHk;aqmifEdkifygjyD/

xrif;ay:rSmwifjyD;e,fzwfpm;Bunfhyg?xrif;jrdefygvdrfhr,f/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 22

16) taBuom;[if; -2
(0ufom;vHk;[if;) - wdkusKdzdkufwm

vdktyfaompm&if;

1) 0uftaBuom; (500) *&rf


2) BuufO ^bJO wpfvHk;?
3) BuufoGefjzLOtjrTm (5) jrTm? csif;=vufwpfqpf? i½kwfaumif;rIefY
(bvufyufyg= vufzuffpm;ZGef; (1) ZGef;)
4) yJiefjym&nf = xrif;pm;ZGef; (2) ZGef;? qm; = vufzufpm;ZGef; (1) ZGef;
oBum; = vufzufpm;ZGef; (1) ZGef;? iefjym&nf = xrif;pm;ZGef; (1) ZGef;
5) qD = qefjcifaom aumfcGuf (2) cGuf

jyifqifjcif;

1) ZvHkwpfvHk;rSm 0ufom;taBuom;rsm;udkxnfhyg? BuufO^bJOxnfh? BuufoGefjzLESifh csif;wdkYudk


bvef'gjzifh Budwfí ^ jcpfaumfjym;Esifhjcpfí ^ i½kwfqHkjzifhnufatmifaxmif;í xnfhyg/
2) i½kwfaumif;rIefY? yJiefjym&nftBunf? qm;? oBum;? iefjym&nfwdkYudkxnfhyg? jyD;vQif oratmif
vufjzifh arTe,fay;yg/
(e,fwJhtcgrSm taBuom;rsm;eJY tqmyvmrsm; ESHYatmif tm;pdkufe,fyg? e,fjyD;om;tom;rsm;udk
nmvufjzifh q,f,l? ZvHkxJudk aygufxnfh? xyfe,f? xyfq,f? xyfaygufjzifh tom;rsm;pD;ydkifvm
wJhtxde,fyg? oabmuawmhAsm... udk*g;? udkvdyf? udkqyl g? udkajrGeJY pmO&nf;pm; udkomat;wdkYudk

ae&w,fvdk rSwfjyD;e,fAsm(usL;ypfr,fwdkYtaejzifh).......)

csufjyKwfjcif;

1) ukwfwifxm;wJh 26 pifwDrDwmt&G,f ',ftdk;tjym;xJrSm e,fxm;wJt h om;rsm;udk uGrf;oD;vHk;\


t&G,fcefY vHk;íxnfhyg/
(tom;vHk;wJhtcg ruyfatmif vufz0g;udk a&qGwfívHk;yg? ',ftdk;tjym;rSm xnfhwJhtcg
',ftdk;EIwfcrf; eH&HzufrSuyfí 0ufom;vHk;rsm;udk wpfckESifhwpfck tenf;i,fpD jcm;í pDxnfhyg)
2) tdk;xJrSm tom;rsm;pDxnfhjyD;vQi qDudkxnfhyg? rD;rQOf;rQOf;eJY tylay;yg? (3) rdepfcefY&SdvQif
a*:jym;^0g;wlt&SnfudktoHk;jyKí 0ufom;vHk;rsm;udk txufatmufvSefay;yg? (2)rdepfcefY &SdvQif a&udk
qefjcifcGufjzifh (2)cGufxnfh? tzHk;tkyfí rD;jyif;jyif;ESifhwnfyg? a&cef;í qDjyefvQif (2)rdepfcefY
rD;rQOf;rQOf;eJY qufwnfjyD;aemuf rD;zdkrS rD;udkydwfyg/ (5) rdepfcefYaejyD;vQif xrif;eJYyJpm;pm;?
bD,mt&ufeJYyJ jrnf;jrnf;&wJh0ufom;vHk;aBumfav;ygcifAsm/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 23

17)
17) bl;oD;eJYMuuf
uufom; - zzz

uRefawmfcsufwJh bl;oD;eJY Muufom;uawmh odyfrcufbl;/

1/ yxrOD;qHk; Muufom;udk qm;? eEGif;? iefjym&nfe,fjyD;ESyfxm;yg/


('Dae&mrSm qm;? eEGif;eYJ iefjym&nfu ukd,fpm;wwfwJhyHkpHtwdkif;xnfhyg? wcsdKUu
qm;udktav;pm;wwfjyD; wcsdKU tayghpm;wwfw,f? eEGif;uawmh yg&Hkxnfhwmaumif;w,f
oluenf;enf;rsm;oGm;wmeJY teHUeHoGm;a&m)
2/ jrefrm[if;rSmrygrjzpfwJh MuufoGefeDeJY MuufoGefjzLaxmif;xm;
(tESpfrsm;rsm;pm;csif&if Muufw0ufudk MuufoGefeDtvwf (3) vHk;eJY MuufoGefjzL (5)
jrTmavmufxnfhaygh)
3/ bl;oD;udk puf0dkif;pdwfykHpH&atmifvSD;xm;yg
(yxrOD;qHk; tv,fu xufjcrf;jcrf;? aemuftvsm;vdkuf (4) pdwf pdwfjyD; taeawmf
txltyg;&atmifvSD;? jyD;a&aq;xm;? owdxm;&rSmu odyfxloGm;&if bl;oD;el;zdkY Mumw,f?
bl;oD;eJY Muufom;eJYu udk,fpm;oavmufrQxnfh - yHkrSefuawmh 1; 1.3 yJ usaemfuawmh
bl;oD;udk ydkydkomomxnfhw,f)

'gawGjyD;&ifpcsufvdkY&jyD

tJ.....ta&;MuD;wmwcku rqvmxkyfav;awG0,fxm;zdkYyJ

csufwJhtqifhawGuawmh

1) axmif;xm;wJhMuufoGefeDeJY MuufoGefjzLudk qDowfyg? tJ'DtcsdefrSm i½kwfoD; tusufrIefYeJY


rqvmudk xnfhjyD; qDowfyg/
(rqvmudk tpuxJuqDowf&if teHYydkarT;w,f)
2) qm;eEGif;e,fxm;wJhMuufom;eJY bl;oD;udkxnfhjyD; Muufom;xJudk qm;eEGif;0ifwJhtxdESyfxm;yg/
(3rdepfrS 5rdepfxdxm;jyD; arTay;yg)
3) a&enf;enf;xnfhjyD; qufarTay;yg
4) bl;oD;tpdrf;a&mifaysmufjyD; ndKvmonftxdESyfxm;yg
('DtawmtwGif; a&eJYrD;udk vdkoavmufn§day;yg rD;odyfrjyif;ygapeJY)
5) [if;&nfudk jrnf;MunfhjyD; qm;eJY iefjym&nf vkdoavmufxyfxnfYyg
('DtcsdefrSm MudKufwwf&if rqvmxyfxnfhvdkY&ygw,f)

aemufqHk; bl;oD;vnf;El;? [if;&nfvnf;udk,fMudKufwJht&om&&if rD;zdkay:ucsvdkY&ygjyD/


arG;jrLa&;MuufawGuawmh b,fvdkcsufcsuf ArmMuufavmufawmh pm;vdkYraumif;bl;
pm;&wm aysmhwD;aysmhzwf zG,fw,fw,feJY

(tJ ..... usaemfajymwJhtwdkif;csufvdkY pm;raumif;&ifwmh PM ydkYjyD;qJvdkY&ygw,f)


a*:&cg;oD;eJYcsufcsif&if bl;oD;ae&mrSm a*:&cg;oD; ajymif;vkdufvdkY&ygw,f

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 24

18)
18) Muuf
Muufom; bl;oD
;oD; .. umvom;csuf - garfield

(ESif;qDcsuf&ifawmh umvorD;csufayghaemf ..)

vdktyfaom ypönf;rsm;

1) MuufoGefeD (4) O ETm


2) MuufoGefjzL tjrTmMuD;MuD; (4) jrTm ..
3) Muuft&dk;eJU Muuf&ifyHk (30) om;cefU
4) bl;oD; t&G,ftaeawmf (1) vHk;
5) i½kwfoD;tpdrf;rIefU vufzuf&nfZGef; (3) ZGef;armufarmuf
6) rqvm? qm;? iefjym&nf? tcsdKrIefUtenf;i,f

1) Muufom;udk a&pifatmifaq;yg/
2) MuufoGefjzL?eD ETmxm;yg? yg;yg;vSD;xm;yg/
3) qDudk rD;ylay:wifxm;yg/
4) qDqlvmvQif i½kwfoD;rIefU xnfharTyg/
5) MuufoGefudk xnfharTyg/
6) MuufoGefEGrf;vm&if Muufom;xnfh oratmifarTyg/
7) a&udk vufzuf&nfyef;uefvHk;eJU (7)vHk; (8)vHk;xnfh tzHk;ydwfxm;yg/
8) bl;oD; tcGHETm .. yg;yg;vSD;yg/
9) a&qlvmygu bl;oD;pdyfrsm; xnfhyg/
10) bl;oD; El;vmwJh txd a&xnfhxnfhay;yg/ ..(a& rcrf;ygapESifh)
11) bl;oD;El;jyD; a&taeawmf i½kwfa&mifxGufcsdefwGif qm;? iefjym&nf? tcdsKrIefUxnfhjyD;
t&omjrnf;Munfhyg/
12) tm;vHk;tqifajyjyD[k xifygu rD;owfjyD; rqvmxnfharTyg/
13) (2)rdepfavmufae&if pm;vdkU&ygjyDAsm;/

Comment by sonyboy : bl;oD;udk a&rxnfhcifBuufom;eJY a&mvHk;vJ&ygw,f/ udk*g;a& eJeJ


0ifNznfhay;wmyg/ pdwfr&SdygeJY......
Comment by KLM: umvom;qefcsif&if pyg;vifav; xkNyD;xnfh&rvm; xifw,fAs/ NyD;awmh
i½kwfoD;pdrf;av;bmav; xkNyD;xnfh/ a&rcef;bJ a&usefqDusef cyfMurf;Murf;av;aygh/
bl;oD;a&m? a*:&cg;oD;a&m xnfhvdk h&w,fxifw,f/ a*:&cg;oD;u ydkcsdKw,f/
e,fawGrSmawmh aq;aNcmufygxnfhMuw,fqdkbJ/ wpfcgrSawmh aq;aNcmufeJ h rpm;bl;bl;/
NrefrmMuufcsdKcsdKav;awG pm;csifw,f/ 'DuMuufawGu tom;awmhrsm;yg&J h? t&omu r&Sd/
aNym&&if &GmxJu cdk;NyD;csufwJ h Muufu ydkcsdKrvm;yJ&,f/
Comment by zzz : aq;ajcmufxnfhcsufwmawmh wu,faumif;w,f (50) om;
taumifavmufqdk&if t&dk;ygel;w,f csdKvnf;csdKw,f tJ ..... usaemfajymwm ArmMuufudk ajymwm
arG;jrLa&;Muufudk t&nfeJYcsufvdkYuawmh tom;wHk; a&vHkjyKwfovdkyJ csdKvnf;rcsdK av;vnf;rav;eJY
bmMuD;rSef;udk rodbl;

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 25

19)
19) 0ufom;eJYo&uf
&ufoD;ajcmufcsufenf; - rcspfpk

Originally Posted by VillagerTharAye

o&ufoD;ajcmufeJU 0ufom; b,fvdkcsufpm;&if aumif;rvJAs ...

udkpmat;twGuf 0ufom;eJY o&ufoD;ajcmufcsufenf;/ csufpm;MunfhOD;/


aumif;raumif;jyefajymjyOD;aemfudkpmat;

vdktyfaomypönf;rsm;

1) 0ufom; oHk;xyfom; (odkY) aygifom; 1uDvdk


2) MuufoGefeD (5) O
3) MuufoGefjzL (5) jrTm
4) o&ufoD;ajcmuf (o&ufoD;oeyfxnfhvnf;&ygonf)

pwifcsufjyKwfenf;

1) 0ufom;udka&pifpifaq;jyD; t&G,fawmftwHk;uav;rsm;wHk;yg/
2) jyD;vQif qm;?tcsdKrIefY? iefjym&nfjzifhe,fxm;yg/
3) MuufoGefeD ESifh MuufoGefjzLudk tcGHcGmum yg;yg;vSD;xm;yg/
4) aZmufeufaom ',ftdk;udkrD;ay:wifjyD; qD [if;csufZGef;jzifh 3ZGef;avmufxnhfyg/
5) qDylvmaomtcg yg;yg;vSD;xm;aom MuufoGefeDudkxnfhum t0ga&mifoef;vmygu
MuufoGefjzLudkxnfhjyD; arTay;yg/
6) jyD;aemuf i½kwfoD;teDrIeUf (ta&mifwifrIefY) xnfhumxyfarTyg/
7) MuufoGefrsm;EGrf;vmjyD; usufcgeD;wGif e,fxm;aom 0ufom;udkxnfhyg/ (5)
rdepfavmufqDjzifht&ifvSdrfhyg/
8) qm;? tcsdKrIefU vdkovdkxnfhEdkifygonf/
9) jyD;rS a&udk 0ufom;jrKyfonftxdxnfhum tzHk;zHk;xm;&ygrnf/
10) xdkenf;twdkif; a& (2) cgavmufxnfhyg 0ufom;El;ap&eftwGufjzpfygonf/
11) rD;enf;enf;jyif;jyif;jzifh em&D0uf? wpfem&Davmufwnf&ygrnf/
(0ufom;tEk?t&ifhay:rlwnfonf) a&usefqDusefjzpfaecsdefwGif o&ufoD;ajcmufudkxnfhyg/
(o&ufoD;udkpcsufuwnf;urxnfhonfrSm 0ufom;rsm;t&rf;csOfoGm;rnfjzpfaomaMumifh)
12) qDjyefvmonftxd arTay;yg/ qDjyefvmaomtcg 0ufom;o&ufoD;[if;udk
toifhoHk;aqmifEdkifygonf/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 26

20)
20) owfowfvGwfykef;&nfMuD;okyf?
0ufom;ykef;&nfMuD;csuf - MiMi

Originally Posted by VillagerTharAye


ykef;&nfBuD; udk b,fvdkvkyfpm;&if aumif;rvJAs ... vkyfpm;vdkU&wJh enf;av;awG nTef;BuygOD; .....

ykef;&nfBuD;wpfxkyfpmudkMuufoGefeDwpfOyg;yg;vSD;
MuufoGefNzLcGgNyD;pm;csifoavmufyg;yg;vSD;xnfU
qDenf;enf;xnfU qm;eJUtcsdKrIefUav;enf;enf;xnfU
vufeJUaocsme,f
uJ pm;vdkU&NyD owfowfvGwfykef;&nfMuD;okyfwpfcGuf

'grSr[kwf 0ufom;tpdwfom;udktaeawmftwkH;av;awGvSD;
ykef;&nfMuD;wpfxkyfeJUe,f
MuufoGefeD ESpfvHk;avmufvSD;xnfU
tcsdKrIefUxnfU qDESpfusyfcGJom;avmufyJxnfU
qm;rSef;xnfhjyD; e,f
rD;zdkay:wifNyD; teHYav;arT;vm&if a&av;NrKyfatmifxnfUNyD;a&cef;atmifwnfvdkufNyD;a&m/
a[m--0ufom;ykef;&nfMuD;csuf

(trav; oGm;&nfawmifusvmNyDAsdKU/'gayod csufpm;zdkUtcsdefr&Sd/ csufenf;ay;vdkU csufauR;csif&JUqdk&if


omat;a& yDtrfydkUzdkU rarheJUaemf)

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 27

21) &cdkifig;eDwlom;av;ud
om;av;udk ok
okyfpm;wJhenf; - a&T0g
vdktyfaomypönf;rsm;

1) ig;eDwlom;av; ig;usyfom;
2) i½kwfoD;pdrf; (10) awmifhcefY
3) refusnf;oD;rSnfh tenf;i,f
4) eHeHyif

&cdkifig;eDwlom;av;udk acgif;rygwm pD;wD;rwfukefwdkufawGrSm&edkifygjyD..


(4) a,mufpm.. twGuf
ig;eDwl ig;usyfom;udk xuf0ufpDcJGjyD; ',ftdk;wpfvHk;jzifhavSmfyg rD;rjyif;ygapESifh..
a,mufrjzifh [dk'DarTay;yg ig;rwl;oGm;&efjzpfygw,f..
ig;rsm;MuGyfoGm;onftxd rD;&Sdefenf;enf;jzifhavSmfay;yg..
ig;MuGyfoGm;vQifyef;uefwpfvHk;xJwGifxnfhjyD; tat;cHxm;yg..
i½kwfoD; (10) awmifhcefYudk usufatmifavSmfyg..
jyD;vQif i½kwfqHkwGif nufatmiffaxmif;jyD; q,fxm;yg..
(xrif;pm;cgeD;rS ig;udkokyf&efjzpfonf r[kwfvQif ig;rSmMuGyfraeyJ pm;raumif;awmhyg)
tat;cHxm;aom ig; udk axmif;xm;aomi½kwfoD;? refusnf;rSnfh? eHeHyif.. qm;oifh&Hk
xnfhjyD;e,fyg.. jyD;vQiftaygh tiefjrnf;jyD; oHk;aqmifedkifygjyD..
csOfaygif[if;&nf ..refusnf;&GufcsOf&nf[if;wdkY jzifh vdkufzufpGmoHk;aqmifedkifygonf/

%%%%%%%%

22) ig;
ig;eD
g;eDwlajcmufokyf – [efeDcsKd

ra&T0gwpfcgwifay;zl;ygw,f.. 'g aemufwpfenf;yg..


ig;eDwlajcmufukdacgif;jzwfNyD; rD;zkday:rSmMuGyfaeatmifavSmfyg..
i½kwfoD;pdrf;? ajryJukd a&maxmif;yg..
eHeHyifvSD;yg.. MuufoGefeDtuGif;vkdufvSD;NyD; a&aq;xm;yg..
NyD;&if.. ig;eDwlajcmuf? a&maxmif;xm;aom MuufoGefjzL i½kwfoD;pdrf; ajryJ ?
eHeHyif? tcsKdrIefY? iefNym&nftenf;i,f? MuufoGefeD ESifh oHy&m&nfn§pfNyD; okH;aqmifEkdifygNyD..

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 28

23)
23) ykZGef[if; ('ufpdefcsufenf;) – 'ufpdef

1) ykZGef(rMuD;rao;) - taumif (20) cefY(tcGH?acgif;?tjrD; tukefcRwfjyD;om;awGaemf)


2) MuufoGefeD - (3) vHk;
3) qm; - oifh&Hk
4) eEGif;rIefY - rjzpfpavmuf[k ac:vdkY&&Hk (enf;enf;av;yJaemf)
5) qD - oifh&Hk

csufjyDaemf

1) rD;zdkudk tylay;xm;yg/ yljyDqdk&if ',ftdk;(b,fvdktkd;yJjzpfjzpfvmxm;) xJudk qDxnfhyg/


qDylvmvQif eEGif;rIefY tukefxnfhvdkufyg( ckeu enf;enf;av;udk ajymwmaemf)/ tJ'gqdk
qDta&mif ajymif;oGm;ygvdrfhr,f/
2) MuufoGefeD 3vHk;xJu 1vHk;udk EkyfEkyfpOf;yg/ jyD;&if EkyfEkyfpOf;xm;wmudk xnfhjyD; qDowfvdkufyg/
usef2vHk;udk tuGif; tuGif;av;awG jzpfatmifvSD;xm;r,f/
3) When you feel that you have enough confidence, ykZGefudk xnfhyg/ jyD;vQif
tzHk;tkyfvdkufyg...
4) 1rdepf...
2rdepf...
3rdepf...
4rdepf...
5rdepf... ([kd;xm; rsm;oGm;jyD) MuufoGef tuGif;vdkufvSD;xm;wmudk xnfhyg... jyD;vQif
tzHk;jyeftkyfyg.../
5) a&oGm;aomufyg... wDADrG Sm vmaewJh umwGef;um; Munfhyg (tJvdkvkyfvdkY&&eftwGuf udk,fh&JY hot
plate udk t&rf;rD;rjyif;xm;ygeJY..? wpf0ufavmufeJYcsufyg)
6) aemufxyf 5rdepfavmufae&if wpfaumifudk jrnf;Munfhyg.../ MudKufjyDqdk&if xrif;eJY wD;vdkY
&ygjyD... rMudKufao;bl;qdk&if pdwfwdkif;rusrcsif; qufwnfyg....

jyD;ygjyD/

('guRefawmf csufaeus yHkpHtwdkif; a&;xm;wmAsdKU)

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 29

24)
24) ucsif[if; – 'ufpdef

ucsif[if;.. ucsif[if; b,fvdk tMuHay;&rvJawmif rodbl;.. tkdauAsm.. 'Dwkdif;vdkufvkyf/

jyifqif&ef

1) t&yfjrifhjrifh axmifaxmifarmif;armif; Avaumif;aumif; vlrdkuf (3) a,mufavmuf iSm;yg/


2) jyD;&if olwdkY\ pm;p&dwf aomufp&dwfrsm;udk wpfywfwefonf ESpfywfwefonf pdkufay;xm;yg/
3) rddrdESifh roduRrf;aom ucsif t&G,fvwfvwf wpfOD;tm; cifrifatmifaygif;yg/
4) cifrifoGm;jyDqdk&if tdrfac: t&ufwkdufyg/ t&ufwdkufaepOf iSm;xm;onfh vlrdkufrsm;tm;
wpfae&mwGif ykef;aecdkif;yg/
5) ydkifavmufjyD xifaomtcg vlrdkufrsm;tm; tcsufjyjyD; xdkucsiftm; vlrdkuftultnDjzifh
t&G,fawmf twHk;av;rsm; wkHk;ygav....
6) csufvdkY&ygjyD/
7) t&ufjyefwpfykvif;oGm;0,fyg/ &Judk vlrdkufrsm; rodatmif zkef;qufyg/
8) &JvmjyDqdkvQif t&ufysHwpfykvif;vHk;udk wpfMudKufxJESifhukefatmif armhcsvdkufyg/ vlrdkufrsm; tm;
tdrfxJrS tdrfjyif xGufvdkY r&ap&ef aomhukd MuddKwifcwfxm;yg/
9) wrvGefb0wGif ucsifESifh eyrf;owf(odkY)aemif*sdefcs&ygvdrfhrnf/

t,f'DwmhrSwfcsuf/
(t,f
þ[if;udkcsufpm;&efMuHpnfjcif; (odkYr[kwf) csufpm;&efjyifqifjcif; (odkYr[kwf) csufpm;jcif;rS
jzpfay:vmaom tusdK;qufrsm;udk wm0efvHk;0r,lyg/ jrefrmusL;ypftay: vnf;aumif;? pma&;ol
'ufpdeftay:vnf;aumif;? t,f'Dwm armif'ku© tay:wGifvnf;aumif; wm0efr&Sdap&/ )

%%%%%%%%

25) ykZGefrD;zkwf – zawoo1

rD;aoG;rD;zdk ay: rSm ykZGeftpdrf;vwfvwfqwfqwfudk wifjyD; zkwfyg? avmifwwf wl;wwf


wJhtwGuf aocsm *&kpdkufyg? ykZGefeD&JjyD; rD;avmif&m trJuGufav;rsm; ay: vm&ifpm;vdkU&ygjyD?

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 30

26)
26) oufoufvGwf wdkY[l;aEG;csufenf; - rcspfpk

vdktyfrnfhypönf;rsm;
rsm;

1) yJrIefY tpdrf; wpfxkyf (arT;wHqdyf) rcspfpkcsuf&ifawmh tJhwHqdyfoHk;vdkYyg wjcm;wHqdyfvnf;


&ygw,f/ (pm;r,fhvlay:rlwnfjyD; 2xkyf? 3xkyf)
2) &Srf;acgufqGJajcmuf wpfxkyf
3) ajryJtusuf (trIefYMudwfxm;&ef)
4) Bumnd§KU (yJiefjym&nftyspf ac:rvm;yJ)
5) MuufoGefjzL (10) jjrTm
6) eHeHyif

csufjyKwfenf;/

1) yxrOD;qHk; yJrIefY (tpdrf;rIefY) udk t&G,fawmf ZvHkxJwGifxnfhum a&tenf;i,fjzieffazsmfyg/


2) yJrIefY taphrsm;aMuoGm;vQif a& (3)cGuf (aomufa&cGuf) xnfhum cPxm;yg/
3) &Srf;ajcmufqGJajcmufudk a&qdrfyg/
4) ajryJ(tpdrf;qdkvQif) avSmfum rauswaus i½kwfqHkjzifhaxmif;yg/ MuufoGefjzLrsm;udk
"g;jym;jzifh&dkufjyD; EkyfEkyfqif;yg/
5) jyD;vQif qDowfyg/ eHeHyiftenf;i,fudk a&aq;jyD; t&G,fawmfvSD;xm;yg/ jyD;aemuf
ckeua&azsmfxm;aom yJrIefYudk csuf&efjzpfygw,f/
6) t&G,fawmftdk;xJodkY a&azsmxm;aomyJrIefYudkxnfhjyD; rD;zdkay:wifyg/ tenf;i,fyGufvmaomtcg
eEGif;? qm; tenf;i,fxnhfjyD; a,mufr([if;csufZGef; ) jzifh rem;wrf;arTay;yg/ rarTygu
tdk;uyfrSmjzpfaomaMumifh/ (wdk[l;aEG;pm;csif&ifawmhvufawmhtanmif;cH&ygr,f)
7) (15) rdepfavmufarTjyD;aomtcg yJrIefYt&nfrsm;ypfvmygr,f/ wdk[l;aEG;jzpfvmygjyD/
8) (5) rdepfavmufxm;jyD;vQif rD;ay:rScsEdkifygjyD/

pwifjyifqifjcif;

1) &Srf;acgufqGJrsm;udk a&aEG;jzifh jyKwfyg/


2) yef;uefvHk;xJodkY &Srf;acgufqGJudktenf;i,fxnfhjyD; tay:rS wdk[l;aEG;xnfhyg/
3) jyD;vQifajryJxnfh? Bumnd§KUxnfh? qm;?tcsdKrIefY vdkoavmufxnfhyg/ MuufoGefjzLqDusufxnfh?
i½kwfoD;MudKufvQif i½kwfoD;xnfY? eHeHyifxnfhum pm;EdkifygjyD/
4) wu,fvdkY Muufom;[if;jzifhpm;csifvQifvnf;&ygonf/
(Muufom;[if;csufenf;uawmh &Srf;acgufqGJcsufenf;rSma&;xm;vdkY ra&;ay;awmhygbl; )
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 31

wdkU[l;aEG;ESifhwGJpm;rnfhtcsOfuawmh rkefnif;csOf (odkY) a*:zDxkyftcsOfjzpfygw,f/ rkefnif;csOf


r&Sdygu tvG,fwul a*:zDxkyf tcsOfvkyfjyD; wGJzufpm;Edkifygw,f/ a*:zDxkyfwpfjcrf;udk
yg;yg;vSD;jyD; a&pdrfyg/ i½kwfoD;pdrf; (5) awmifhavmufudk yg;yg;vSD;yg/ oHyk&moD; (3)
vHk;udkvnf; yg;yg;vSD;yg/ a*:zDxkyfudk a&ppfum ZvHkxJodkYxnfh? i½kwfoD;pdrf;xnfh? oHyk&moD;
(3) vHk;udk n§pfxnfh (&Smvum&nftenf;i,fxnhf) qm;? tcsdKrIefY tenf;i,fxnfh jyD;vQif
vufjzifh tm;&yg;&e,fvdkufyg/ uJa*:zDxkyftcsOf&jyD/ wdk[l;aEG;eJY wGJpm;EdkifygjyD/
rcspfpkawmh 'Denf;twdkif; csufpm;wmyJayghaemf/ pm;vdkYawmh jzpfygw,f/ wu,fvdkY
'Dxufaumif;wJh csufenf;av;rsm; &Sd&ifvnf; a&;ay;Muygaemf/

(wu,fwrf;u yJeJYcsufwmuydkpm;aumif;w,faemf rESif;jzL/ 'gayr,fh yJeJYu vkyf&wmcufw,f/


'gaMumifhtvG,fwul yJrIefYyJoHk;vdkufawmhw,f/ tJhvdkvnf; jzpfwmygyJ/ rpm;&wmxufpm&ifawmh
'gav;u awmfao;wmayghaemf/ rcspfpkawmh cPcP csufpm;w,f/ awmifMuD;rSmawmh
oufoufvGwf pm;Muwmrsm;r,f xifw,faemf/ aqmif;wGif;reufqdk aps;oGm;&if wdYk[l;aEG;
tajy;tvTm;pm;&wmudk owd&vdkufwm/ ajym&if;eJY vGrf;vmjyD jyefawmifpm;csifw,f/)

%%%%%%%

27)
27) trJom; qDjyef[if; - auyD

trJom;udk taeawmf twHk;av;rsm;wHk;jyD; qm;? eEGif;? iefjym&nfjzifh e,fxm;/


MuufoGefjzL ?eD ?csif; udk i½kwfoD;ESifhaxmif;jyD; qDowf/ MuufoGefeD n§dK;vmvQif e,fxm;aom
trJom;udk a&marT? a& rxnfheJYOD;/ qDjyefvmatmifarT/ rqvmxnfh/ qDjyefvmygu
i½kwfoD;axmif;xm;aom i½kwfqHkudk a&ESifhusif;aom a&udk trJom; jrKyf&Hkxnfh/ a&udk wpfcgwnf;
trsm;MuD; rxnfhygeJU/ tom; rel;rcsif; enf;enf;pDxnfhyg/ tayghhtief jrnf;Munf h/
trJom;el;tdvmygu t&om&Sd&Sd oHk;aqmifedkifygjyD/

comment by honey_cho: rMumjzLa&... ESrf;0ifjzL;vkduftkH;r,faemf... trJom;ukdvufzufeJ


csufvnf;aumif;w,f...vufzufukd nufaeatmifaxmif;yD; trJom;qDjyefvmwJhtcsdefrSm a&marT...
rqvmawmh xnfhzkdUrvkdawmhbl;aygh.... trJom;a&SmifwJholawmif MudKufvkdUawmif;pm;&w,f....

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 32

28) vQmvnfp&m ylpDeHaxmif; - thunderhawk

yg0ifaomypönf;rsm;
1) ylpDeH ESpfpnf; (rsm;rsm;pm;vdkygu (4) pnf;cefUxnfhyg)
2) xef;vsuf 6 cJ ( tkef;xef;vsufr[kwfyg ? ½kd;½kd; tndKa&mif xef;vsuf)
(xef;vsufr&Sdygu oMum;ESifhvnf; jyKvkyfEdkifygonf/)
3) i½kwfoD; 6 awmifh
4) MuufoGefjzL 5jrTm (tjrTmBuD;)
5) csif;tenf;i,f ( enf;enf;omxnfhyg? rsm;oGm;ygu cg;oGm;Edkifygonf)/
6) refusnf;&nf tenf;i,f

1) yxrqHk; i½kwfqHkxJodkU MuufoGefjzL ESifh csif;t&ifxnfhí axmif;yg ...


2) xdkUaemuf i½kwfoD;xnfhíxyfaxmif;yg ....
3) qm;ESifhtcsdKrIefUudk tenf;i,f xnfhíaxmif;yg .....
4) xef;vsufcJ rsm;udkvnf; xnfhíaxmif;yg ....
5) aemufqHk; ylpDeH rsm;udk enf;enf;pD ausnufatmifaxmif;vdkufyg ....
6) xdkUaemuf refusnf;&nf enf;enf; a&míarTvdkufygu ... csdKcsdK csOfcsOf arT;arT; av; ESifh
pm;íaumif;aom ylpDeHaxmif; ukd pm;vdkUygNyD .....
(rSwfcsuf ... ylpDeHrsm;udk .. aMunufí t&nfrsm;xGuv f monftxdaxmif;ay;yg)

%%%%%%%%
29)
29) i½kwfoD;axmif; - thunderhawk

uJ uRefawmfuawmh i½kwfoD;axmif;wJhenf;udk a0rQyghr,f .....

yg0ifaomypönf;rsm;

1) i½kwfoD; tawmifh20cefY ( udk,fpm;csifoavmufxnfhEkdifygw,f)


2) ykZGefajcmuf vufwpfqkyf (uRefawmfuawmh rsm;rsm;xnfhw,f )
3) MuufoGefjzL (7) jrTmcefU (MuufoGefjzLtjrTmBuD;) ( MuufoGefjzL tao;uav;awG oHk;Edkif&ifawmh
ydkarT;ygw,f? tao;qdk&ifawmh wpfO vHk;oHk;yg/)

uJ paxmif;ygawmhr,f ......
i½kwfqHkxJü ykZGefajcmufudk t&ifqHk; ausnufatmifaxmif;yg ....
i½kwfoD;udk tdk;uif;ylwdkufyg...
i½kwfoD;rsm; wajzmufajzmufeJYaygufvmNyDqdk&if tdk;xJrScsyg ...
xdkUaemuf i½kwfoD;udk MuufoGefjzLESifh wGJí axmif;yg ..(qm;ESifh tcsdKrIefUudk oifhwifhatmifxnfhyg)
tenf;i,fnufvmNyDqdkvQif ckeu axmif;xm;aom ykZGefajcmufudk xnfhí xyfaxmif;yg ....
i½kwfoD;ESifhykZGefajcmuf oroGm;NyDqdkvQif .... xrif;jrdefatmif avG;í&Ekdifaom
i½kwfoD;axmif;wpfcGuf &ygNyD .....
uRefawmfh&JU i½kwfoD;axmif; raumif;cJh&ifawmh cGifhvTwfAsdKU

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 33

30) ql;ykyf&GufeJUbJOaMumf - yzg

ql;ykyf&Gufu bJOeJUaMumf&if ydkaumif;wmAs .. tif;av .. pvHk;rSm bJOtpdrf;rS r&bJ


MuufOeJUvnf; aMumfwwf&if pm;aumif;ygw,f/

MuufOudk ememacgufxm; .. qm;^tcsdKrIefU xnhfxm; /


ql;ykyf&Gufudkoif ... a&aq; ... a&jyefppfxm;/ ( MuufOxJ oGm;ra&meJU ? oyfoyfxm; )
jyD;&if MuufOarTaMumfovdkyJ ',ftdk;xJrSm MuufOt&ifaMumf ...
qDudk MuufOoD;oefUaMumfwmxuf enf;enf;ydkxnhf/
',ftdk;xJrSm MuufOESHUoGm;atmif ',ftdk;udk vSnhfay;^apmif;ay;/ jzpfEdkif&if MuufOtjym;udk
tay:atmuf vSefwwf&ifvSefay;? rwwf&ifawmh arTyJarTay;vkduf/
MuufOu t&nfawGrusefawmhyJ tukefcJoGm;jyD; qD&TJ&TJav;xJ &G&Gav;jzpfaecsdefrSm
ckeu ql;ykwf&GufawG jzL;xnhfvdkuf? qm;iefiefMudKuf&if qm;enf;enf;xyfxnhf/ ..
jyD;&if tJ'D ql;ykwf&Gufav;awG EGrf;oGm;wJhtxd arTay;? .. vSdrfhay; /
jyD;&if &jyD ....
rdef;rudk auR;vdkufawmh ... tJ .. [kwfaygif? pm;vdkufayawmh ...

%%%%%%%%
31) 0ufaygifajcmuf - auyD

'DaeYawmh 0ufaygifajcmufvkyfpm;&atmifvm;.....0ufom;...tqDav;awGygvnf;&ygw,f/
tom;awGudk tajrmif;vdkufjzpfatmif t&Snfvdkuf vDS;/ jyD;&ifawmh oMum;? qm;? yJiefjym&nf
tMunf? [if;csuft&uf? (&efukefrSmawmh tmrD&rf) aygh/ vdktyfwmav;awG xnfhjyD;&ifawmh
ememe,f/ jyD;&if wHpdkYvkyfjyD; tom;awGudkoDjyD; aejyif;jyif; tylrSm ESpf&ufvSrf;yg/ vmem;wJh
,ifaumifawGudkarmif;xkwf? r[kwf&ifawmh tom;ay:rSm vmOcsvdrfhr,f/ tJ 0ufaygifajcmufudk
MumMum txm;cHcsif&ifawmh ,rf;pdrf; oHk;&ygr,f.. usef;rma&;twGufraumif;bl;...
0ufaygifajcmuffjyDqdk&ifawm htrJajcmufvdk rD;zkwfjyD; qDpdrfpm;vnf;aumif;...aMumfjyD;
bD,mt&ufeJYjrnf;vnf;&S,f....c&rf;csOfoD; tESpfeJY csufpm;vnf; xrif;jrdefapygw,f...

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 34

32) ykef;&nfBuD;ES
;ESifh0ufom; - wdkusKdzdkufwm

vdktyfaompm&if;ESifhjyifqifjcif;

1) 0ufom;oHk;xyfom; (500) *&rf


0ufom;rsm;udk tvsm; vuf4vHk; ?txlvufwpfvHk;t&G,fwHk;í
qm;= vufzuf&nfazsmfZGef; (2) ZGef;xnfhí e,fxm;yg/
2) BuufoGefeDOBuD; (2) O + BuufoGefjzLO tjrTm (5) jrTm + csif; vufwpfqpf
wdkYudk axmif;^ EkyfEkyfpOf;^ bvef'gjzifhBudwf xm;yg/
3) qD = qefjcifaumfcGuf\ wpf0uf/
4) i½kwfoD;rIefY = ta&mifwifrIefY+ tpyfrIefY vufzufpm;ZGef; (2) ZGef;pD/
5) ykef;&nfBuD; = trIefUjzpfvQif wpfxkyfcGJ ? tcJjzpfvQif wpfxkyf (odkY)
vufzuf&nfyef;uef wpfvHk; /
6) iefjym&nf = xrif;pm;ZGef; (1) ZGef; /

pwifcsufjyKwfjcif;

1) tdk;wpfvHk;rSm qDxnfhí (3) rdepf tylay;yg /


2) qDylvQif tnuf axmif;^vDS;^Budwf xm;wJh BuufoGefjzL? eD? csif;wdkYudk
( qDowf = eDndKa&mifoef;vmwJhtxd )xnfharTyg/
3) i½kwfoD;rIefYrsm; xnfharTyg /
4) 0ufom;rsm; xnfharTvHk;yg /
5) 0ufom;rsm; xnfhjyD;vQif 0ufom;jrKyfavmufatmif a&xnfhwnfyg /
6) 0ufom;rsm;El;avmufvQif ykef;&nfBuD;wpfyef;uef xnfh&RfarTyg /
( ykef;&nfBuD;udk trIefY ^ tcJ = a&ESifh ryspfwyspf azsmfíxnfhyg )
7) iefjym&nfcyfyg /
xrif;ay:wGif [if;&nfqrf;pm;&aom [if;rsdK;jzpfonfhtwGuf 0ufom;rsm;
El;eyfí [if;&nfryspfrusJ jzpfcsdefrSm rD;zdkrD;udkydwfí [if;tdk;udk
rD;zdkay: (5) rdepfcefY ESyfxm;jyD;vQif oHk;aqmifEdkifygjyDcifAsm ...../

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 35

33)
33) Muufom;ES
m;ESifh 'defcsOfcsufenf; - Miee

Muufom; taeawmf (uDvdk0uf)


'defcsOf wpfAl; ('DrSmawmh Al;ao;ao;av;awG &Sdygw,f)
MuufoGefeD (2) O
MuufoGefNzL (5) wuf
csif; vufwpfqpf (rD;zkwftcGHETmNyD; NuufoGeftNzL?teDESifha&mMudwfxm;yg)
c&rf;csOfoD; (4)vHk; (a&pifpifaq; ?twHk;ao;ao;av;rsm;wHk;)

1) Muufom;taeawmf twHk;av;rsm;udk tcsdKrIefY? qm;tenf;i,f? pwD;ZGef;tao;wpfpdwfcefY?


iefNym&nf pwD;ZGef; tao; (2) ZGef;cefY? eEGif; tenf;i,f? 'defcsOfwpfAl;?
i½kwfoD;ta&mifwifrIefUtenf;i,f (tpyfrpm;edkifwJholrsm; [if;ta&mifvSap&ef
enf;enf;awmhxnfhyg)? rqvm wdkYESifh a&me,fNyD; em&D0ufcefY xm;yg/
2) ',ftdk;wGif qDtaeawmfxnfhNyD; qDqlvQif MuufoGef? csif;Mudwfxm;onfrsm;xnfhNyD; arTyg/
3) tvGefarT;MudKifaom &eHYxGufvmNyDqdkvQif(EGrf;oGm;NyDqdkvQif) c&rf;csOfoD;xnfhNyD;arTay;yg/
4) c&rf;csOfoD;ygEGrf;pNyKvmvQif Muufom; e,fxm;onfrsm;xnfhjyD;arTyg/
5) a&rxnfhygESifhOD;/ tom;rSa&rsm;tvdkvdkxGufvmygvdrfhrnf/
6) Muufom;e,fxm;onfhtdk;udk a&tenf;i,f usif;NyD; xdka&udk,lxm;yg (vufqufa&
[kac:ygonf? [if;tmedoifydkaumif;onf? xnfhcsuf&onf[k a&S;vlMuD;rsm;uqdkygonf?
[if;e,fwJhvufawmhoefY&Sif;ygapaygh/ f)
7) olUtvdkvdk xGufvmonfh a&rsm;ESifh Muufom;udk wpfa&El;atmifcsufyg? qDNyefovdk NzpfvmrS
vufqufa&udk xnfhyg/ 4if;rSqDNyefNyDqdkvQif rqvmxyfxnfhcsifvQifxnfhedkifygao;onf/
qDusefa&usefav;xm;ygu ydkNrdefygonf/
8) t&omrSm 'defcsOf\ xl;uJaomtmedoifaMumifh El;nHhNyD; csOfNyHK;NyHK;av;ESifh tkef;xrif;ESifh
wGJzufNyD;pm;ygu tvGefvdkufzufygonf/ Muufom;rSm arG;NrLa&;MuufqdkvQif qDudkavQmhxnfhyg?
olYtvdkvdk qDrsm;xGufvmaomaMumifhNzpfygonf/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 36

34) Yum Mar Mar - Miee

uJ..'Dwpfcgawmh rNrifcsifavmufatmifrkef;wJh instant noodle udk aumif;atmif vkyfpm;


Mu&atmifaemf..

acgufqGJNyKwfudkuRefrt&rf;rkef;ygw,f... wpfywfxufydkudkrpm;edkifygbl;/ b,fvkdyHkpHyJvkyfxm;vkyfxm;


tom;rygawmh udk,fhpdwfudk vdrfNyD; pm;zdkY awmfawmfcufygw,f/ pmvkyfvdk. acgif;ylpdwf½Iyf/
oef;acgifavmuf Akdufuvnf;qm? pm;p&muvnf; acgufqGJxkyfyJ &SdwJhae.qdk vlu½l;csifovdkvdk
Nzpfvma&m/ Adkufqm&ifpdwfwdkw,f...

uJ'Dawmh ...ta&;ay: tqmaNyav; pOf;pm;MuygpdkY/

a*:zDxkyf&,f? MuufO&,f? tom;Mudwfxm;wm&,f &Sd&ifawmh twdkif;xuftvGefaygh/


tenf;qHk; MuufOuawmh 0,fxm;wwf Muw,f[kwf....

',ftdk;rSm qDenf;enf;av;xnfh/ a*:zDudk vdkoavmuf rxlryg;vSD;xm;


acgufqGJudk a&aEG;ESifh enf;enf;yG½Hkav; pdrfxm;? qDylvm&if a*:zDxnfh? tom;&Sd&if tom;ukd
t&ifenf;enf;xnfh? NyD;usufatmifvkyfNyD;rS a*:zDxnfh? taeawmfNyDqdk a&aEG;pdrfxm;wJh
acgufqGJudkxnfh? NyD;&ifacgufqGJaNcmufxkyfrSmygwJh trIefYawGxnfh? t&omudkNrnf;Munfh?
taeawmfNyDqdkwmESifh MuufOazmufxnfhNyD;arT? i½kwfaumif;enf;enf;NzL;? NyD;&ifpm;vdkY&NyDayg. ...
tcsdefukefoufom t&omvnf;&Sd? tmomvnf;aNyapygw,f...

acgufqGJaNcmuf? MumZHaNcmufxkyf rdrdESpfouf&m ykZGefcsOfpyf? qDcsuf? tkef;EdkY MudKufwmESifh


vkyfvdkY&ygw,f... tcsdLrIefY? qm; cefYrSef;p&mrvdkbJ olYrSmygwJh trIefYeJYwif
t&rf;udkNynf.pHkapygw,f...

rdef;uav;rsm;usawmh tcsOftpyfygrS MudKufwwf Muygw,f...


tJ'gqdkvnf; tom;MudwfrIefYudk a&enf;enf;av;ESifhNyKwf? NyD;wmESifh acgufqGJaNcmufyg
wpfcgwnf;xnfh? acgufqGJtaeawmfyGvmwmESifha*:zDxnfh? (a*:zDEGrf;aewmudk rvdkcsifvdYk aemufrS
xnf.wmyg? tom;ESifha&mNyD; NyKwfvnf; &ygw,f/) NyD;wmESifh trIefYawGxnfh?
MuufoGefyg;yg;vSD;xnfh? i½kwfoD;rIefYxyfxnfhcsifxnfh? oHyk&moD;av;n§pf? i½kwfaumif;NzL;?
aumif;rSaumif; Yum Mar Mar ygyJ? qDvnf;ryg? MuufOvnf;roHk;? 'Dawmhoef;acgifavmuf
pm;vdkY 0rSmvnf; ryl&awmhbl;/ 'DrSmawmh olYudk Yum Mar Mar vdk.ac:ygw,f...
Adkufqmvdk. pdwfwdkNcif;rSuif;a0;ygap...

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 37

35) 'nif;oD;jyKwfenf;wpf
wpfenf
enf; - wdkusKdzdkufwm

tdk;tvGwfwpfckrSm 'nif;oD;awGudkxnfh (tcGHrETmbJ)? a&oifhawmf&Hk ('nif;oD;ay:rSm


a&vufESpfqpfcefY) xnfh? qDudk xrif;pm;ZGef; (1)ZGef;xnfh? rD;rQOf;rQOf;eJY a&cef;onfxdjyKwf/
tcGHcGmvdkY &avmufcsdefrSm 'nif;oD;awGudkq,f,ljyD; tcGHcGgyg/ tcGHcGmjyD;&if cGmxm;wJhtcGHawGa&m
tcGHcGmjyD; 'nif;oD;awGa&m tdk;xJ jyefxnfh? a&udk'nif;oD;awG rjrKyfwjrKyfxyfxnfh?
rD;rQOf;rQOf;;eJYEl;atmifjyefESyf=wnfyg? a&crf;í El;eyfonfhtcsdefrSm tcGHcGmxm;wJh 'nif;oD;awGudk
q,f,ljyD;&if pm;vkdY&ygjyD/

'nif;oD;tkef;EkdYqrf;

1) jyKwfxm;wJh 'nif;oD;awGudk yg;yg;vTmvTmav;&atmif i½kwfqHkrSmxnfhaxmif;(odkY)Budwf,lyg/


2) oifh½Hktdk;wckrSm tkef;EkdYwpfAl;azgufxnfh? qm;oifh&HkxnfhjyD; csufyg/ tdk;xJrSm a&cef;í
tkef;EdkYtESpfawGeJY qDyJusefaewJh tajctaeqdk&if tkef;EdkYcsuf &ygjyD/
3) axmif;^Budwfxm;wJh 'nif;oD;tjym;av;awGay:rSm tkef;EdkYqDcsufqrf;jyD;&if pm;vdkY&ygjyD?
wcsdKUolawGuawmh 'nif;oD;ay:rSmESrf;avSmf? tkef;oD;rIefYjzL;? jyD;rStkef;EdkYcsufqrf;jyD;
pm;Buygw,f/
(tkef;qDrqrf;bJ ESrf;qDppfppfqrf;jyD; qm;teJi,fjzL;ívnf; pm;Edkifygw,f)

OD;MuD;yk (udkykr[kwfyg) \ csufenf;jyKwfenf; (500) pmtkyfudk zwfjyD;wifay;vdkufwmyg/

%%%%%%%%

36) uefZGef;&Gufokwf – [efeDcsKd

1) MuufoGefjzL qDcsufcsufNyD;.. MuufoGefjzLukd oyfoyfz,fNyD; tat;cHxm;yg..


2) MuufoGefjzL ? i½kwfoD;pdrf;okH;awmifhcefUukd a&maxmif;xm;yg..
3) uefZGef;&Gufukd taeawmfjzwf.. a&aq;.. a&aEG;yGuyf GufqlxJxnfU... jzpfEkdif&ift½kd;t&ifxnfh..
NyD;rS t&GufxnfU.. csufcsif;jyefq,f.. a&at;avmif;... ZumeJUppf... NyD;&if uefZGef;&Guf?
MuufoGefjzLqDcsuftzwf (qDrxnfU&yg)? axmif;xm;aomMuufoGefNzL? i½kwfoD;pdrf;? tcsKdrIefU?
qm;? oHy&m&nfn§pfum ylylaEG;aEG; jrnf;Ekdifygw,f...

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 38

37)
37) bmnmrygxrif;okyf-jywfwHk;vyfwHk;rdkY-wdkusKdzdkufwm
(23) &ufaeYuaepjyD; a&cef;csdefqdkawmh tdrfrSmr&Sd&SdwmeJY AdkufxJu ydk;rsdK; (80) udk tpm
auR;&awmhwmygyJ....

bmnmrygxrif;okyf

1) xrif;pm;yef;uef wpfcsyfrSm xrif;ylyludkxnfhyg? qm;+tcsdKrIefYtenf;i,fjzL;yg? i½kwfoD;tusuf


(tavSmf) rIefYjzL;yg? iefjym&nf (,dk;',m;iefjym&nf) qrf;yg? oHyk&moD;^a&SmufoD;rSt&nfudk
n§pfxnfhyg? qDqrf;yg ? jyD;vQif vufjzifh y,fy,fe,fe,f okyfpm;yg ....../

2) wdkYp&mtjzpf t&nfn§pfjyD;íusefaom oHyk&mcGHudk yg;yg;vSD;ívnf;aumif;? BuufoGefjzLudk


tvHk;vdkuf^yg;yg;vSD;ívnf;aumif;? xrif;rSmwdkYjr§Kyffípm;Edkifygw,f/

3) csOfiefpyf xrif;okyfeJY vdkufzufwmuawmh [if;cg;[if;csdKylylyg ....../


tdk;tao;wpfckrSm a&udk aumfzDrwfcGufjzifh (2) cGufxnfhyg? BuufoGefjzL OESpfjrTm?
csif;vufoef;t&G,f wpfqpfudk 'g;jym;½kdufxnfhyg? rQifig;yd tenf;i,f? ykZGefajcmuf
q,faumif? qm;+tcsdKrIefYtenf;i,fxnfhí yGufyGufqlatmifwnfyg? yGufyGufqlvQif
i½kwfaumif;rIefYcyfyg ..../

4) a&cJaowåmxJrSmusefaewJh a*:zDwdkY? [if;&Gufpdrf;wdkY? i½kwfoD;tpdrf;awmifh wpfawmifhESpfawmifhwdkY


awGU&ifvnf; xnfhomcyf? yJBumqHenf;enf;av; usefaeao;&ifvnf;xnfhyg? bmbmnmnm
trnfwwfr&ayr,fh xrif;okyfeJYvdkufwJh [if;cg;ylylawmh jzpfygw,fcifAsm ...../
bmrSr&Sdbl;qdk&ifjzifh xrif;okyfudk a&aEG;Burf;ylylcg;cg;eJYom wGJay;ygawmh? tayghtief
tcsOftpyf tenf;trsm;uawmh rdrd tBudKufayghAsm/

Comment by nna1981: enf;enf;0ifuGef hvdkufOD;r,f/ jywfwkH;vyfwkH;av;ygyJ/ Tuna


ig;aowÅmAl;av; xnfhvkdufygAsm/ &S,fyJ/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 39

38)
38) yk&pfaMumf -uapmfarmiftkef;
BuHBuHzefzef

udk&ifwdkUa&..
'Dwcg tcspfawmfwdkUtwGuf yk&pfaMumfr,fAsm../ yk&pfaMumfrsm; bmqef;vdkUwkef;.. wHwm;xdyfum;qdyf
rSm awmonfawG vmvma&mif;aewm jynfhvkdU aemh/ odkUaywJh rwlwmav;awG &dSoaygh/
itkef;wdkUtdrfrSm t&ifu pm;tdrfaomuftdrfvdk aeoGm;wJh u&ifav;qdkwm &dSw,f/ tJ'D u&ifav;
aMumfauR;wJhenf;yg/ qef;awmh rqef;bl; qdkaywJh pm;vdkU (tJ) jrnf;vdkUawmh tifrwef aumif;wm
uvm;/
aqmif;OD;aygufvdkU yk&pfrsm; usNyDqdk&if itkef;wpfa,muf rD;om arT;xm;ayawmh/ u&ifav; rSm
BudKwumh acsmifu zrf;vdkUrdvmwJh yk&pfawG ykqdk;cRwfvdkUawmif xkwfvm&wm/ (b,fae&mu
zrf;vmvJar;awmh rajzbl;/ NyHK;NyHK;BuD; vkyfaew,fav.. 'if;u) uJxm;awmh.. b,fae&m uzrf;zrf;
pmzdkUom t"du xm;ygav../
olu yk&pfawGudk um;qdyfu awmonfrsm; aMumfovdk tm;vHk; ypfxnfhvdkU aMumfwm r[kwfbl;udk;/
vufvnf; 0ifyg&Jh/ ajczsm;vufzsm;u ql;uav;awGvnf; csdK;&Jh/ tawmifMurf;udkvnf; cGm&JhAs/
tawmifu ESpfxyfAs../ tay:,Hu tawmif rmBuD;udk cGmw,f/ NyD;awmh tpmMurf;tdyfxkwfw,f/
zifuav;udk csdK;vdkU tlawG xkwfw,fxifygh/ aemufNyD; EkyfEkyfpOf;xm;wJh MuufoGefjzLeJU csif;
twHk;ao;ao;av;awGudk jyeftpmoGwfwm/ tJ'D tpmu qm;? tcsdKrIefUeJU e,fxm;NyD;om;As/
tNyD;awmhrS tJ'D yk&pfuav;awGudk taumifrysuf aMumfwm/ aMumfwmuawmh xHk;pHwkdif; ygyJ/
t&omuawmh b,fwlvdkUwkef;/ 0g;vdkuf&if BuGwfBuGwf BuGwfBuGwfeJU pdrfhvdkUaewm/ ajym&if;awmif
oGm;&nf usygoAsm;/ MuufoGefjzLaMumfeHUav;uvnf; oif;vkdUudk;/ aqmif;OD;aygufNyD qdkvdkUuawmh
yk&pfaMumf[m taumif;qHk; &moDpm tjrnf;ygyJ/ &rfav; wpfBudKuf ylueJBudKufvdkuf/
yk&pfav;wpfudkuf qdrfhaeatmif NrHKUvkduf/ tdk.. Mumawmh&ifvnf; MumNyDyJuG,f..

%%%%%%%%

39) a&Tz&HkoD; tkef;EdkYcsuf


csuf - auyD

tom;[if;csnf;pm;ae&wmqdkawmh wpfcgwav oufoufvGwf csufpm;OD;rS/ bm[if;csufpm;&ygh/


tif;- a&Tz&HkoD; tkef;EdkYcsufqdk&if rqdk;bl;/ uav;tazvnf; MudKufrSmaocsmw,f/
bmawGvdkygvdrfh/
(a&Tz&HkoD;? MuufoGefeD? jzL? tkef;EdkYAl;? qD? csif;? qm;) 'gawG&Sd&if&ygjyD/
pcsufjyDaemf/
MuufoGefjzL ?eD ?csif; udk a&maxmif;jyD; tqifoifh vkyfxm;yg/
a&Tz&HkoD;udk tcGHoifjyD; taeawmf twHk; wHk;jyD; a&aq;yg/csufrnfhtdk;wGif axmif;xm;aom
MuufoGefESifh qD? qm;udk a&Tz&HkoD;udk vHk;csufyg/
t&nfxGufvmygvdrfhr,f/ xdkt&nfcef;jyDqdk&ifawmh tkef;EdkYhAl;udk azmufxnfhjyD;csuf/ a&Tz&HkoD;El;jyD;
qDjyefvmvQif pm;edkifygjyD/
%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 40

40)
40) qdwfom;[if;udk&dk;&dk;av;csuf
av;csufenf; – zawoo1

qdwfom;udk twHk;ao;ao;av; wkH;jyD; a&pifatmifaq;yg? jyD;vQif a&ppfxm;yg/


a&ppfvQif oHyk&m&nfESifh e,fyg? (oHyk&m&nfonf qdwfom;eYHudk aysmufaponf? ttDudk
ajyaponf/)
jyD;vQif i&kwfoD;rIefY (teDa&mif)? eEGif;rIefY wdkYjzifh e,fyg
MuufoGefeD? MuufoGefjzL a&mjyD; qDowfyg/
MuufoGef enf;enf; eDvmygu apmapmu ESyfxm;aom qdwfom;udk xnfharTyg/
qm;? tcsdKrIefY cyfyg/
jyD;vQif a&xnfhjyD; El;atmif wnfyg?
rqvm? *sif;? wjcm; tarT;tMudKif rvdkyg? MudKufwwfvQif xnfhyg/
usufvQif pm;MunfhjyD; bmnm xnfhaomt&m rsm;oGm;vQif aemufwpfcgcsufvQif avQmhxnfhyg?
enf;oGm;vQifaemufwpfcg csufvQif ydkxnfhyg/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 41

41) ig;clig;qkyf - auyD

ig;clig;qkyf csufpm;Munfh&atmif/bmawG vdkrvJqdk&ifawm h -


ig;cltaumifMuD;MuD;? MuufoGefeD? jzL? csif;? qm;? iefjym&nf? eEGif;rIefU? i½kwfoD;rIefY? qD?
c&rf;csOfoD;/

pcsuf&atmif -

aq;jyD;om; ig;cludk acgif;jzwf? tlxkwf? tv,f ausm&dk;rMuD; wavQmuf "m;eJ h


cGJxkwfjyD; tom;awG jcpfxkwf/ &vmwJh t&dk;ryg tom;oefYoefUudk EkyfEkyfpOf;yg/ qm;? eEGif;?
MuufoGefjzL? eD? i½kwfoD;rIefU? csif;udk a&maxmif;/ wpf0ufudk ig;cleJUa&maxmif;yg/ ESYHpyfí
tom;rsm; tap;aygufvmaomtcg tavmawmf tom;qkyfrsm; tjzpf uspfuspfygatmif qkyfxm;yg/
tom;qkyfrsm;udk qDxJwGif xnfhaMumf/ &Jvm&if q,fxm;/ ',ftdk;xJu qDusefeJY usefwJ
MuufoGefaxmif; wpf0ufudk qDowfyg/ teHYoif;vmvQif taphxkwfjyD; yg;yg;vSD;xm;wJ h
c&rf;csOfoD;udk a&marTyg/ iefjym&nf oifh&Hkxnfhyg/ c&rf;csOfoD; EGrf;ajcmufvmvQif
ig;qkyfaMumfrsm;udkxnfhyg/ arTay;jyD; a& enf;enf;xnfhjyD; tzHk;tkyfxm;/ qDusefa&usef
jzpfvmjyDqdk&if yJiefjym&nfcwfjyD; pm;edkifygjyD/tJ - qDjyefrS pm;csif&ifawmh qDjyefajcmufatmifxm;jyD;
pm;yg/ eHeHyif MudKufwwf&if tdk;cscgeD;rSm eHeHyifav;tkyfvdkufyg/

Comment by zawoo1: ig;cludk a&pifatmif aq;enf;


rJrJoJoJtusdtcRJawGeJY ig;cludk AdkufcGJjyD; uvDpmawG xkwfvdkufyg? a&udk qlatmifwnfjyD;
ig;clay:u avmif;csvdkufyg? tusdtcRJrsm; tjzLa&mifodkY ajymif;oGm;ygvdrfhr,f? jyD;vQif
'g;ao;ao;av; ESifh jcpfxkwfvdkufyg? rJrJoJoJ eJY cRJusdaeaom ig;clb0rS jzLjzLazG;azG;
a&aq;ig; ppfppfMuD; b0 udk ajymif;oGm;ygvdrfhr,f?
tusdtcRJ &Sdaom taumifrsm;udk 'Denf;twdkif; tvG,fwul aq;aMumEdkifygw,f/

Comment by Deadmanwalking: refusnf;oD;av;eJY a&mjyD;aq;&if ydkaumif;w,fAs


udkaZmfOD;&/

Comment by KP: aemufwpfrdsK;u jymeJY aq;&ifawmh taumif;qHk;aygh/ jymuawmh


jynfya&muf usL;ypfawG &Sm&wm rvG,fvSbl;/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 42

42)
42) uRefawmfhtMudKuf ig;claMumf
Mum – zawoo1

aq;xm;wJh ig;cludk acgif;jzwfjyD; tom;ukd vufwpfvHk;cefY txl tuGif;vdkuf vSD; vdkufyg/


jyD;awmh qm;? eEGif;rIefY eJYe,fxm;yg/

MuufoGefeDukd yg;yg;vSD;xm;yg? MudKufwwfvQif rsm;rsm;vSD;yg? vSD;&if; wa,mufa,mufudk


MuHzefvGrf; vdkufyg? rsuf&nfus usdK;eyfygvdrfhr,f/

MuufoGefjzLudk tuGif;vdkuf cyfyg;yg; vSD;xm;yg?

i½kwfoD;pdrf; tajcmuf(teDa&mif)udk rnufwnuf (qDowfvQifoHk;aom trIefY r[kwf/


tzwfav;rsm; jzpfjyD; taphESifh a&maeaom trIefY) jzpfatmif wpfckckeJY vkyfvdkufyg? vkyfjyD;om;
0,fygu ydktqifajyygvdrfhr,f/

',ftdk;xJwGif qD cyfrsm;rsm; xnfhjyD;

1) yxr MuufoGefeDudk eDvmatmifaMumfyg? jyD;vQif q,fxm;yg? wl;wwfonf? owdjyK/


2) 'kwd, MuufoGefjzLudk xdkenf;vnf;aumif; aMumfyg? q,fxm;yg? wl;wwfonf? owdjyK/
3) wwd, qm;ESifheEGif;e,fxm;aom ig;udk aMumfyg? pm;csifoavmuf taeawmfaMumfyg?
uRwfuRwf MudKufvQif uRwfuRwfaMumfyg/
4) ig;usufvQif q,fjyD; vufusefqDawGukd cyfxkwfvdkufyg? rESajrmwwfvQif vTifhypfvdkufyg?
ESajrmwwfvQif odrf;xm;jyD; 'DqDESifh wpfckck MuHzefcsufpm;yg/
5) tkd;uyfqDxJodkY i½kwfoD; rIefYudk xnfhjyD; rD;ao;ao;eJY aMumfyg? wl;wwfonf? an§mfrnf?
tempdrf;&Sdolrsm; tjyifxGufaeyg/ cPaMumfjyD; rD;owfjyD; apmapmu q,fxm;aom MuufoGefeD?
jzL? ig; wdkYeJY a&marTvdkufyg?
6) pm;oHk;&ef toifh? xrif;eJY pm;rvm;? t&ufeJY jrnf;rvm;? tukefaumif;?
tm; a&;&if; AdkufawmifqmvmjyD?

]]rdef;ra&? rdef;r? xrif;pm;r,fa[h? raeYu aMumfxm;wJh ig;claMumfav; usefao;vm;?}}


]]bm ukefjyD? [kwfvm;? tm 'Drdef;r igvkyfvdkuf&}}

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 43

43)
43) aq;bJOokyf - auyD

aq;bJOokyfpm;csif&ifawmh t&ifqHk; vdktyfwJhypönf;av;awGajymyghr,f/

1) aq;bJO (2) vHk;


2) c&rf;csOfoD; rjrnfh? rpdrf;taeawmf (1) vHk;
3) MuufoGefeD (1) vHk;
4) MuufoGefjzL OMuD; (1)jrTm
5) csif;(vufwpfqpf)
6) i½kwfoD;pdrf;
7) oHyk&moD;
8) eHeHyif
9) iefjym&nf?qm;?tcsdKrSkef h

yxrOD;qHk; MuufoGefjzLudk yg;yg;vDS;jyD; qDcsufaMumfxm;yg/


MuufoGefeD eJ hc&rf;csOfoD;udk vnf;yg;yg;vDS;jyD; a&aq;xm;/
i½kwfoD;pdrf; eJ h MuufoGefjzL enf;enf;udk axmif;xm;jyD; oyfoyfxm;/
csif;udk axmif;jyD; cGufav;xJrSm t&nfn§pfxm;
aq;bJOudk &Spfpdyfpdyf/ jyD;&ifawmh tm;vHk;udk ZvHkwpfckrSmxnfh/ oHyk&moD; n§pfxnfh/eHeHyif
n§yfxnfh/ qm;enf;enf;? iefjym&nf? tcdsKrIefYxnfh a&morarTjyD; tayghtief jrnf;Munfh/
t&om&Sdaom csOfiefpyf aq;bJOokyfjzpfjyD; trdsK;om;rsm; ESif htxl;oif havsmfygonf/

Comment by mathibu : {uEå rauyDu udk,fwdkifcHpm;wifjyonfvm; rod [D; pwmaemf


.. aus;Zl;ygAsm .. tckvdk aq;bJOav; pm;csifpzG,f ajymjywm .. yHkrSefqkd&if wkefwkef wkefwkefeJU
rJrJMuD;rdkU tokyfrpm;wwfwmAs ..
usaemfpm;zll;wmu tjyifrSm uazmif&Guf (basil leave) eJU 0ufom;taMu odkYr[kwf ykZGefeJY
pyfpyfuav; aMumfxm;wm .. wcsKdUuvnf; MuufOenf;enf;av;eJU uyfaMumfxm;wm pm;vdkY
awmfawmfaumif;w,fAs ..

Response from KP :
[m;[m;? tawG; rrSm;eJ h/taz hudk okyfauR;aeMurdkYyg/ vlMuD;awGeJ hydkwnfhowJhav/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 44

44)
44) bJOcsOf&nf[if
[if; - auyD

bJO (odkY) MuufO - (5) vHk;


qD? MuufoGefeD? MuufoGefjzL? refusnf;oD;rSnfh? rqvm? eEGif;? qm;? iefjym&nf

bJOudk usufatmifjyKwf? tcGHoifjyD; xufjcrf;jcrf;/


bJOjcrf;udk qm; tenf;i,fjzL; jyD; qDeJYaMumf/ bJO ta&cGH tenf;i,f wif;vmygu
q,fxm;vdkuf/ eEGif;rIefU? MuufoGefjzL? eD? wdkYudk nufatmifaxmif;jyD; qDowfyg/ teHYoif;vmygu
bJOxnfh/ a&oifh&Hkxnfh? refusnf;rSnfh&nfudk (tcsOfMudKuf&if MudKufovdk) tenf;trsm; cdsefqxnfh
tzHk;tkyfcsuf/ t&nfql vm&if tayghtief jrnf;jyD; rqvmcwf/
tdk;csí t&om&SdpGm oHk;aqmif/

(owd/ /rsm;rsm; rpm;&?teHYtoufaMumifh cspfcifolESifh uawmufuq jzpfwwfonf/)

Comment by kowhiteman
xyfjznfhyg&ap...
MuufOjcrf;ae&m rSm - MuufOtvHk;vdkufxnfh&ifydkaumif;ygw,f/
[dE´L enf;wpfck u awmh....
• MuufOjyKwf/tcGHoif/
• MuufO [dkbuf?'Dbufaygufonftxd "g;OD; jzifh taygufao;ao; xdk;yg/ (
taygufrygvQif MuufO tvHk;vdkufaMumf í r&yg/ taygufryg yJaMumfvQif xaygufjyD;
pm;p&mrusef jzpfwwfonf/)
• MuufO udk yJiefjym&nf jzifh vl;yg/
• MuufOtay:,H wif;vmjyD; ? &J&J eDvmonftxd qDyg;yg;av;xnfhí ',ftdk;jym;wGif
vSdrfYay;yg/
• csuf enf;rSm rMuyfajy; enf;twdkif;yifjzpfygonf/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 45

45)
45) BuufO^bJO (rusufwusuf^[wf
^[wfz½d
z½dkufaBumf
aBumf)
csOf&nf[if; - wdkusKdzdkufwm
tdkifjzLeJY '*sD;auwdkYtwGuf bzdkufcsufwwfwJh BuufOcsOf&nf[if;av;yg?
pm;BunfhBuygOD;? raumif;&ifawmh acG;rvTwfBuygeJY...

vdktyfaompm&if;

1) BuufO (8^10)vHk;
(',ftdk;wpfckrSm BuufOwpfvHk;pDudk rusufwusufaBumfjyD; yef;uefjym;wpfcsyfrSm q,f,lí
xnfhxm;yg/)
2) BuufoGefeDOBuD; (1) vHk;? BuufoGefjzLO tjrTm (3) jrTm
(i½kwfqHkESifhaxmif;? 'g;jzifhEkyfEkyfpOf;? bvef'gjzifhBudwfxm;yg/)
3) c&rf;csOfoD;wpfvHk; ('g;jzifh rnDrnm ydkif;jzwfvSD;xm;yg/)
4) refusnf;oD; (uGrf;oD;0uft&G,fcefUudk cGufwpfckrSm a&aEG;^a& ESifhpdrfí ryspfrusJazsmfxm;yg/)
5) i½kwfoD;pdrf; t&Snfawmifh (5) awmifh
6) i½kwfoD; ta&mifwifrIefY + tpyfrIefY = vufzuffpm;ZGef; (1)ZGef;pD? eEGif;rIefY = vufoef;
yxrtqpft&G,f\ wpf0ufcefY
7) rqvmrIefY vufzuffpm;ZGef; (2) ZGef;
8) qD = qefjcifaumfcGuf\ wpf0uf
9) a& = qefjcifaumfcGuf (2) cGuftjynfh

uJ.. tm;vHk;vnf;pHkjyDqdkawmh csufvdkufBu&atmif csOf&nf[if;av;

1) aZmufeuf',ftdk;rSm qDxnfh? rD;tylay;yg?qDylvQif vSD;xm;wJh MuufoGefjzLeDrsm;xnfhaBumfyg?


arTay;aejyD; BuufoGefrsm; eDndka&mifoef;vmvQif i½kwfoD;rIefYrsm;+eEGif;+rqvm (1) ZGef;
xnfharTyg? (1)rdepfcefY&SdvQif c&rf;csOfoD;rsm;udkxnfharTyg?/
2) qm; = vufzufpm;ZGef; (1) ZGef;? tcsdKrIefY = vufzufpm;ZGef;\ oHk;yHkyHk wpfyHkcefY
iefjym&nf = xrif;pm;ZGef; (2) ZGef; xnfhyg/
3) arTay;ae&if;jzifh tdk;xJrSm c&rf;csOfoD;rsm;vnf;aBuí BuufoGef? i½kwfoD;rIefYwdkYESifh aygif;pyfjyD;
tESpfrsm;jzpfvmcsdefrSm a&xnfhíqlyGufatmifwnfyg? refusnf;rSnfh&nfxnfhyg? þtcsdefrSpítdk;udk
rD;rQOf;rQOf;av;xm;jyD; wnfyg? taygh tief tcsOfjrnf;yg/
4) udk,fhpdwfBudKuf t&om&jyDqdkvQif rusufwusufaBumfxm;wJh BuufOaBumfrsm;udk Otv,frS
tESpfaygufrxGufoGm;atmif udk,fh&nf;pm;yg;udkifovdkrsdK;eJY tdk;xJudknifompGmxnfhyg? jyD;vQif
tdk;xJrSm&Sdonfh tESpfrsm;udk BuufOaBumfrsm;ay:odkY zHk;tkyfay;yg/ jyD;vQif i½kwfoD;pdrf;rsm;tkyfyg?
csefxm;wJhrqvm (1) ZGef;udk ESHYatmifjzl;jyD;vQif tdk;udktzHk;tkyfyg? rD;zdkrSrD;udk ydwfyg? (1) rdepf
cefYaejyD;&if ylylaEG;aEG;jzifh oHk;aqmifEdkifBuygjyDcifAsm ...../

tdkifjzLeJY'*sD;au wdkYu[if;csufwwfBuayr,fh [if;rcsufwwfao;wJh tckrSp [if;csufBunfhBur,fh


jrefrmusL;ypfu armif^r,fwdkYtwGuf tqifhawG cGJa&;ay;vdkufwmyg? udkjzLeJY
auyDwdkYa&vdktyfwmrsm;&SdcJh&if jznfhpGufay;BuygOD; ....
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 46

Comment from mgzawoo1: uRefawmfawmh MuufO? bJO csOf&nf[if;xJ ig;ajcmuf?


xnfhcsufrS ydkaumif;r,f xifwmbJ? qDowf&if; ig;ajcmufxnfhvdkufyg/

Comment from mgmgtote: udkaZmfOD;ajymwm rSefw,fAs/ ig;ajcmufxnfhcsuf&ifydkaumif;w,f/


'Dxufydkaumif;atmifvdkU tmvl;ygxnfhAsm/ tmvl;xnfhcsufr,fqdk&ifawmh wpfck owdxm;&rSmu
tmvl;El;avmufrS refusnf;oD;azsmfxm;wmudk xnfhyg/ EdkUrdkUqdk&if tmvl;El;atmif
tawmfapmifh&vdrfhr,f/ uRefawmh oli,fcsif;wpfa,mufqDrSm [if;csufenf; 1000 qdkwJhpmtkyfawmh
&Sdw,fAs/ uRefawmfwdkUqDrSmu ypöönf; uodyfrpHkawmh axGaxGxl;xl;awmh csufrpm;jzpfygbl;/
xl;xl;qef;qef;av;awG pm;csif&ifawmh csufenf;av;awG &SmMunfhay;r,fAsm/

Comment from kowhiteman: 'Denf;rSm .. MuufO [wfz½dkuf aMumfwm tcufqHk;yJ/

• MuufO [wfz½dkufaMumf&if...
• qDtaevnf;rSefygrS/
• rD;taevnf;rSefygrS/
• vluvnf;pdwf&SnfygrS/
• ',fuvnf; atmufu ruyf wwfygrS/
• vufquvnf;aumif;ygrS/ MuufOudk wpfae&mxJrSmwif yHkusatmuf cGJcswwfygrS/
• csuf&ifvnf; MuufO tESpfaygufrusygrS/
[if;aumif;wpfcGuf jzpfvmrnfjzpfaMumif;yg cifAsm../

Comment from KP: Half - Fried aMumfwm vG,fvG,fav;/t"du uawmh uvljzL ajymovdk
rD;taetxm;yJ/ MuufOaMumfrS r[kwfbJ b,f[if;csufcsuf? Gas rD;zdk eJ haMumfwmrsm;awm h
taumif;qHk;u rD;udk tv,frSm xm;wm taumif;qHk;aygh? jyD;rS Mid eJ h Min Mum;rSm rD;udk
upm;jyD; csufjyKwf&ygr,f/
tckMuufOudk Half Fried aMumfr,fqdk&ifawmh ',ftdk;xJu qDat;aecdsefrSmvnf; MuufOudk
rxnfheYJ/ qDt&rf;qlwJh txdvnf; rxm;eJU/ jyD;&if udk,foHk;wJh a,mufr (odkY) ZGef;uvnf;
ta&;MuD;ygw,f/ pwD;ZGef;u tdk;uyfwwfw,f/ zdkufbmZGef; oHk;edkif&if ydkaumif;ygw,f/
aemufjyD; MuufOaMumf&if vufudkifygwJh ',ftdk;oHk;wm taumif;qHk;yJ/ rD; tyludk tcdseftq n§d
edkifygw,f/ [D;[D; MuufO[if;csufzdk h rD;zdkacsmif ypönf;awG xyf0,f&rvdk jzpfaejyDaemf/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 47

46)
46) ,dk;',m; [if;cdsK - auyD

,dk;',m; [if;cdsKcsufawmhr,fqdk&ifawm h -
Muuf½kd;? qD? MuufoGefjzL? oHyk&moD;? MuufoGefeD ? csif;? qm;? eEGif;? i½kwfoD;pdrf;wdkY
vdktyfygvdrhfr,f/

csufjyKwfenf;av;uawmh -
Muuf½kd;rsm;udk qm;? eEGif;jzifh e,fxm;yg/
csif;ESifh MuufoGefjzLudk axmif;xm;yg/
MuufoGefeDOudk av;pdyfcGJíxm;yg/
csif;? MuufoGefjzLwdkYudk qDowfjyD; Muuf½kd;ESifh iefjym&nfudk xnfhí vHk;yg/ a&xnfhjyD;
a&qlvmvQif MuufoGefeD ESifh pyg;vifudk cwfyg/
i½kwfoD;pdrf;udk yg;yg;vSD;jyD; oHyk&m&nf n§pfí oHk;aqmifyg/
acGs;ikwfjyD; rtDrvnf jzpfaeolrsm; twGuf oifhavsmfí acGs;xGufjyD; tzsm;oufomapygw,f/

%%%%%%%%

47)
47) 0ufajcaxmuf pGyfjyKwf - auyD

0ufajcaxmuf pGyfjyKwf qdkayr,fh wu,fwrf; 0ufvufudk oHk;ygr,f/


0ufvufu ajcaxmufxuf ydkjyD; tom;rsm;jyD; pm;aumif;vdkYyg/ 0,f&ifvnf; aps;u uGmygw,f....

0ufvufudk 0,fuwnf;u wcgwnf; tuGif;av;awG vkyfcdkif;yg/


0ufvufudkrjyKwfcifrSm ...t&ifqHk;tarT;awG pifatmif ekwfyg/ aemuf..
tdk;wpfvHk;xJrSm jyKwfr,fh 0ufvufawGudk tdk;uif;wdkufyg/ xdkodkYrvkyfygu ..jyKwfaewkef; cGsJyspfyspf
t&nfawG xGufvmwwfygw,f..
.................................................. ............................
jyKwfr,fhtdk;rSm qD enf;enf;av; xnfhjyD; MuufoGefeD eJY jzL udk qDowfyg/jyD;vQif
0ufajcaxmufrsm;udkxnfh? yJiefjym&nf? qm;? oMum;enf;enf;? emewfyGifh? i½kwfaumif;aphudk
xnfhjyKwfyg/
0ufom;el;jyD qdkvQif MuufoGefjrdwf ?i½kwfaumif;rIefYcwfjyD; aomufedkifygw,f/
.................................................. .............................
vdktyfaom ypönf;rsm; rsm;
0ufvuf
i½kwfaumif; aph? rIefY
MuufoGefeD ?jzL
emewfyGifh oHk;?av; yGifh
yJiefjym&nf
oMum;
qD? qm;
MuufoGefjrdwf
%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 48

48)
48) How to make crispy fried beef – SandyM

Crispy fried beef is one of my favourite food as a ]]tjrnf;}} with whisky or ]]a&aEG;Murf;}}...
I always choose "steak" to make it....

1) First...trim the fat from steak...cut the steak thinly (3/4 inch)...
2) Boil with salt and black pepper 30 to 40 minutes remove the water (no need to use
much water to boil...otherwise it will end up with throwing water with nice flavour)...
3) Pierce the meat with fork as much as possible (because it will make the beef really
crispy)
4) Press it flat by hand..
5) Then fry it until done..when beef is done ..it will change to red brown color and really
crispy...it won't bother the teeth also.

%%%%%%%%
49)
49) jynfBuD;ig;?uif
ig;?uif;rGef?
tDuaBumf
aBumfcuttle fish - wdkusKdzdkufwm

vdktyfaompm&if;

1) wpfxGmausmfausmf&Sd tDuESpfaumif
(u) tDu\ wGJvQuf&Sdaeaom vuf? acgif;ESifhudk,fudk qGJjzKwf?jzwfyg/
(c) tDu\ vufrsm;twGif;&Sd yg;pyf?oGm;ESifh quf&ufjzpfaeaomacgif;udkjzJxkwf ypfyg?
usef&Sdaer,fh vufacsmif;rsm;udk ESpfacsmif;wpfyl; wGJ&uf uav;rsm; &atmifvSD;jzwfyg/
(*)udk,ftwGif;rS uvDZmrsm;udk xkwfypfyg? ausmtv,frSm&SdwJh wpfckwnf;aomt½kd;
(taBumrm)udk xkwfypfyg? udk,fay:rSta&cGHudk qkwfETmypfyg? tuGif;vdkuf&atmif
udk,fudkuefYvefYjzwfí vufqpf\ wpf0uft&G,fcefY t&G,frSef; rSef;jyD;vDS;jzwfoGm;yg/
2) vSD;jzwfí &&SdjyD;om; jynfBuD;ig;^uif;rGef^tDu vufrsm;ESifh udk,ft0dkif;uGif;rsm;udk
a&jzifhpifBu,fpGmaq;aBumjyD; a&ppfpuúL^t0wfjzifha&ppfatmif ppfokwfxm;yg/
usef&SdwJhvdktyfaompm&if;ESifh jyifqifjcif;wdkYuawmh BuufawmifyHaBumftwGuf
a&;ay;xm;onfhtwdkif; jzpfygw,fcifAsm ....... ( [if;csufenf; trSwf (50) udkMunhfyg)

tDuaBumfjcif;

tDuaBumfonfhtcg rD;tylcsdef 180H pifwD*&dwf&Sd qDylrSm (3) rdepf aBumfjyD;&if q,f,lí


qDcPppfjyD;&if ylylaEG;aEG; oHk;aqmifEdkifygjyD/
aqmhpfuawmh rm½dk;edpfaqmh? 'grSr[kwfoHyk&m^a&SmufoHyk&m&nf tenf;i,fjzef;í
oHk;aqmifBunfhBuyg/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 49

50)
50) BuufawmifyHaBumfBumf
&kd;&dk;ESifhtpyf(spicy)aBumf
aBumf - wdkusKdzdkufwm

jrefrmusL;ypfrSol&marmifwdkYtwGuf oBuFeftm;vyf&ufrmS tyef;ajz&if;eJY rsdK;rsdK;jrufjruf?


*sdK;*sdK;*Ryf*Ryf 0g;&atmifvdkY ..............

vdktyfaompm&if;
1) BuufawmifyH (12) acsmif;
2) BuufO (1) vHk;
3) qm; vufzuff&nfazsmfZGef; (1) ZGef;
4) i½kwfaumif;rIefY (bvufyufygtBurf;) vufzuf&nfazsmfZGef; (1) ZGef;
5) spicy twGuf vufzuff&nfazsmfZGef;jzifh rqvm (1) ZGef; + udk&D;,m;i½kwfoD;tacsmrIefY
(1^2) ZGef; (odkY) *syef&Sdcsdrd (1^2) ZGef; (odkY) jrefrmi½kwfoD; tacsmrIefY (1^2) ZGef;
6) *sHKrIefY xrif;pm;ZGef;BuD; (2) ZGef;
7) qD qefjcifaomaumfcGuf wpfcGufcGJ

jyifqifjcif;
1) MuufawmifyHrsm;udk aq;aBumí a&ppfyg (a&ppfpuúL^ydwfpESifhokwfyg)
2) tdk;vGwfwpfckrSm aq;aBuma&ppfxm;wJh BuufawmifyHrsm;xnfh? qm;? i½kwfaumif;rIefYrsm;xnfhí
ememe,fyg (tpyft&omBudKufolrsm; rqvm? i½kwfoD; tacsmrIefY xnfhe,fyg)
3) cGufwpfckrSm BuufOudkazgufxnfhí acgufarTyg? &vmaomBuufO t&nfrsm;udk
BuufawmifyHrsm;ay: odkYavmif;xnfhjyD; oratmifarTay;yg
4) qm;? i½kwfaumif;rIefY? BuufOt&nfwdkYjzifh e,fxm;wJh BuufawmifyHrsm;ay:rSm *sHKrIefYrsm;udk
ESHYpyfatmifjzL;í xyfrH(tm;pdkuf&efrvdk)e,fyg

awmifyHaBumfjcif;
1) (26) pifwDrDwm&Sdí ukwfwifxm;onfh',ftdk; (zvdkif;yef) rSm qDrsm;udkxnfhí (160H
pifwD*&dwftylcsdef = *ufpfrD;zdk\trSwf 1 rS 10 twGif;jzpfvQif trSwf 7 ae&mcefY?
vQyfppfrD;zdk\trSwf 1 rS 10twGif;jzpfvQif trSwf 8 ae&mcefY) tylay;yg/
2) qDylvQif BuufawmifyHrsm;udk xnfhíaBumfyg? *ufpfrD;jzifh (6) rdepfcefY (odkY) vQyfppfrD;zdkrD;ESifh (8)
rdepfcefYaBumfjyD;vQif q,f,lí qDcPppfjyD;vQif ylylaEG;aEG;oHk;aqmifí &ygjyD/

(yGJjyiftjrifvSatmif? &SnfarQmarQmyef;uefjym;rSm qvyf&Gufrsm;jzefYcif;? tay:rS MuufawmifyH


aBumfrsm;udk yHkxnfh? yef;uefjym;&JY tem;ywfywfvnfrSm tuGif;vdkufvSD;xm;wJh c&rf;csOfoD;
tuGif;rsm;eJY oHyk&moD;tuGif;rsm;udk wpfckjcm;pD pDjyD;xnfh? aemufqHk;rS eHeHyif&Gufav;
oHk;av;yifwif vdkuf&if&ygjyD? aqmhpftpm; pm;yGJwifqm;eJY i½kwfaumif;rIefYtnufrIefYudk qwla&mí
wdkYpm;Bunfhyg? BuufawmifyHaBumf ylylESifhvdkufygonf)
(BuufawmifyHtpm; Buuf\aygifom;rsm;udk wpfvufr&G,fcefYwHk;í txufygenf;twdkif;
aBumfEdkifygonf? Buufom;tpm; jynfBuD;ig;=uif;rGef=tDu wdkYudkvnf;
þenf;twdkif;aBumfpm;Edkifygonf?ig; b,fvdkudkif&rnfudk- [if;csufenf;trSwf (49)wGif Munhfyg)

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 50

51) yef;ao;acgufqGJaBumf - wdkusKdzdkufwm

bzdkuf &efukefrSm &Sdwkef;uawmh eDvm'efaygufqdkif? tif;0tat;qdkifawG&SdwJh 26? 27? 28? 29vrf;


tv,favmufrSmxifw,f ? a&Txl; pm;aomufqdkif qdkwmvm; rrSwfrdawmhbl; ? yef;ao;acgufqGJ
awmfawmfaumif;w,fAsm /
olwdkYaBumfwmu .. rD;tylay;xm;wJh tjym;vdkuf&SdwJh oH',fjym;BuD;ay:rSm
aBumfBuwmbJAs?

1) yxr ',fay:rSm ? aBumfwJh oHa,mufreJY ? qDudk (2)ZGef;? (3) ZGef; avmufxnfhw,fAsm /


2) tuGif; tuGif;vdkufvSD;xm;wJh BuufoGefeDawGudk xnfhaBumfw,fAsm ?
3) qdwfom;eJY trsm;qHk; aBumfBuw,f/ i½kwfoD; ? BuufoGefjzLeD ? rqvm ? axmywf ? 'def
pwJh[if;cwftarT;tBudKifawGeJY e,fESyfxm;wJhqdwfom;^Buufom; awGudk xnfhaBumfw,fAsm/
4) qm;? tcsdKrIefY? yJiefjym&nf xnfharTw,fAsm /
5) rrSnfhwrSnfh c&rf;csOfoD; wpfvHk;udk tuGif;vdkufvSD;xnfhjyD; ausroGm;atmif &G&Gav;
arTaBumfw,fAsm /
6) tdk;zHk;av;wpfckeJY cP tkyfjyD; xm;w,fAsm /
7) tJ'DhtcsdefrSm (oH',fjym;BuD;rSm ae&mvGwfawG trsm;BuD;jzpfvdkY) ab;rSm oHa,mufreJY qD (1)
ZGef; cyfxnfh? a*:zDxkwf vufwpfqkyf? ½kH;ywDoD; (3) awmifh? ta&Tvdkuf^aZmif;vdkuf^a'gifvdkuf
vSD;xm;wJh c&rf;oD; (3)zwf xnfhaBumfw,fAsm? [if;oD;[if;&GufawG rEGrf;wEGrf;
jzpfcsdefavmufrSm acgufqGJawGudkxnfh aBumfw,fAsm /
8) acgufqGJawGeJY [if;oD;[if;&GufawG a&morarTjyD;csdefrSm ab;em;rSm uyfaewJh qdwfom;[if;udk
qGJ,ljyD; tukefa&marTaBumfw,fAsm? tay:uae cyfyspfyspfav;azsmfxm;wJh refusnf;rSnfh&nfav;eJY
rqvmwdkUudk vufzufpm;ZGef; (1) ZGef;pDavmuf jzL;w,fAsm /
9) tJ'Dh tcsdefeJY wpfcsdefwnf;vdkvdkrSmyJ ',fjym;wpfae&mrSm BuufOwpfvHk;udk rusufwusuf
aBumfxm;w,fAsm/
10) tm;vHk;pHkvnf;pHka&m yefuefjym;wpfcsyfrSm acgufqGJaBumfawGudkxnfh? tay:uae
BuufOaBumfav;wifjyD;&if a&SYudka&mufvmawmhwmyJ.... yef;ao;acgufqGJaBumf ygwJhcifAsm/
tcsOfuawmh BuufoGefeD? ocGm;oD;? yl'DeH^ylpDeH? i½kwfoD;pdrf;? qm;? oHyk&moD;^a&SmufoD;?
ysm;&nf wdkYudk a&morarT aygif;pyfay;xm;wJh csOfiefpyfuav; eJYygwJh cifAsm ..../

Comment from yzg: bzdkuf ajymrSyJ tJ'D ( a&Txl; ) pm;aomufqdkifu ( rdk;ysHacgufqGJ ) udk
owd&rdao;awmh/ ckxd tJ'Dqdkif &Sdygao;w,fAsm; ... / ( taemf&xmvrf;ay:rSmyg?
bzdkufajymwJhae&mygyJ) t&omuawmh t&ifvdk aumif;^raumif; rod?
'Dwcg jyefjzpfrS oGm;pm;Munhf&OD;r,f/ avmavmq,fawmh yef;ao;acgufqGJudkwrf;w&if;
acgufqGJxkyf wpfxkyfjyKwfaomufvdkufOD;rS/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 51

52) tkef;EdkYacguf
acgufqGJ(1)
(1) – SoePayLay

Ingredients

• 2 lb chicken
• 5 tbsp fish sauce
• 1 teasp salt
• 1 tbsp chilly powder
• 1 tbsp oil
• 1 pc coconut (50 gm of thick coconut milk)
• 3 boiled eggs
• 1 lb onion
• 10 tbsp pea powder
• 3 lb wheat noodle

How to cook

Chop chicken. Boil chicken and chicken bones 2 quarts of water Add fish sauce and boil
for 15 minutes. Drain out soup to a container, remaining boiled chicken. Throw away
chicken bones. Add oil, salt, chilly powder and fry for 5 minutes. Add coconut milk and
pea powder.

Remix with the chicken soup. Add 2 more quarts of hot water. Add 1/2 lb of quartered
onions to soup. Boil for 15 minutes in low heat.

In each small plate, prepare these on table:

• Chilly powder
• Boil egg and remove shell. Slice.
• Thinly slice 1/2 lb of onion, wash in water. Drain water.
• Dry dried thick rice noodle
• Serve noodle and soup in separate bowls.

http://myanmartravelinformation.com/mti-myanmar-food/coconut-noodle.htm

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 52

53)
53) tkef;EdkYacguf
acgufqGJ (2) – k_mayz

http://www.myanmardotcom.com/Recipie.aspx?DishID=86

Main Dish

3 1/2 pounds chicken


1 tablespoon salt
1/2 teaspoon turmeric
8 pints water
2 pounds grated coconut
2 cups minced onion
1/2 cup minced garlic
5 whole dried chilies OR 1 tablespoon paprika
1 cup oil
6 ounces dry rice noodles*
2/3 cup gram flour
2 tablespoons fish sauce
3 sliced onions

*In the U.S.A., “Thai Rice Vermicelli” is best.


NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 53

Small Accompaniments

Rice noodles as above


8 duck or fowl eggs
1/2 cup dried chili powder
1 cup chopped spring onion greens
5 limes
2 pounds dry wheat noodles

Method
• Disjoint chicken. Rub with turmeric and salt. Boil in 5 pints water for 20 minutes.
• Extract coconut milk (Can). Keep thick cream separate from thin milk. Use about
6 cups hot water altogether.
• Soak 5 chilies in water and pound. Minced onion and garlic may be pounded also.
Heat 2 tablespoons oil and fry chili over low heat to get red oil. OR fry paprika in
hot oil till red oil is obtained. Drain out paprika.
• Remove meat from chicken bones. Dice it small. Smash bones, return to cooking
water and re boil to get good stock. Strain before use.
• Heat oil and fry rice noodles crisp, taking care not to burn. Remove from fire and
drain off crisps carefully. When cool, keep airtight till serving time
• Reheat oil and fry pounded or minced onion and garlic till aroma-tic. Add chicken
meat and fry till moisture is absorbed. Strain in stock. Make a paste of gram flour,
add to pot, and stir well to prevent sticking.
• When pot boils again, add thin cream of coconut, lower heat to simmer.
• Add fish sauce to taste. Add thick coconut cream and red chili oil to float. Lower
Lire and keep curry hot.
For small accompaniments:
• Hardboiled eggs and slice finely. Pan roast chili powder till dark and fragrant.
Soak sliced onions in water. Chop spring onion greens finely. Cut lime wedges.
• In a large pot, boil wheat noodles fast, keeping heat high. Test, and when done,
drain, run cold water through, drain again, and mix with a trace of oil, tossing
well.
• Serve noodles on a long serving dish; serve curry piping hot in a big tureen; chili
powder and sauce in small dishes; sliced onions, lime wedges, chopped greens,
and sliced eggs on plates; and crisps in- a large bowl.
• Using cereal or soup bowls, put 3/4 cup noodles in each and over noodles put 1
1/2 cups hot curry. Add small accompaniments as desired, mix, and eat quickly
before noodles become too swelled.

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 54

54)
54) ig;xrif;csOf - rcspfpk

vdktyfwJhypönf;awGuawmh

1/ ig;&HU (odkYr[kwf) ig;Muif; - (25) usyfom;


2/ qef (pm;rJhvlOD;a&ay:rlwnfygw,f)
3/ c&rf;csOfoD; (5) vHk;
4/ tmvl; (3) vHk;
5/ *sL;jrpf
6/ yJykwfcsyf (10) csyf
7/ MuufoGefjzL? csif;

pwifcsufjyKwfenf;

1/ qefudk yHkrSefcsufovdkyJ t&ifcsufyg/ usufvQiftat;cHxm;&ef/


2/ ig;&HYudk a&aq;/ qm;? tcsdKrIefY? eEGif; jzifhe,fxm;yg/ csif;ESifh MuufoGefjzLudk "g;jzifh
½dkufjym;yg/ jyD;vQif tdk;xJodkY e,fxm;aom ig;&HY ESifh MuufoGefjzL? csif;udk a&tenf;i,f
xnfhjyD; jyKwfyg/ em&D0ufavmufjyKwfjyD;vQif ig;&HUudk tdk;xJrSxkwfum t½dk;xGifum
tom;udkacsvdkufyg/
3/ c&rf;csOfoD; (5) vHk;udka&aq;jyD;jyKwfyg/ jyKwf&mwGif eEGif;tenf;i,fxnfhjyKwfyg/
c&rf;csOfoD;tcGHuGJvmvQif rD;ay:rScsum xdktcGHrsm;udk z,fypfyg/
4/ tm;vl; (3) vHk;udk jyKwfum tcGHETmcg yg;yg;vSD;xm;&ef/
5/ yJykwfcsyfudkrD;at;at;jzifhuifum axmif;xm;yg/ Mudwfpuf&Sd&ifawmh MudwfpufeJYtrIefYjzpfatmif
vkyfwmuydkaumif;ygw,f/
6/ MuufoGefjzL qDcsufyg/

jyifqifenf;

tat;cHxm;aom xrif;udk t&G,fawmfvifAef;xJwGif xnfhjyD;vQif jyKwfxm;aomc&rf;csOfoD;?


ig;tom;?tmvl;jyKwfwdkY udkxnfhum pwife,fyg/ qm;? tcsdKrIefY uawmh udk,fvdkoavmuf
xnfhyg/ vufudkawmh a&aocsmaq;xm;aygh/ xrif;rsm;pD;vmonftxde,f&rSmjzpfygw,f/
&jyDqdk&ifawmh vufoD;pkwfavmuf tvHk;av;awGvHk;xm;jyD; vifAef; (odkY) yef;uefxJwGif
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qDcsufavmif;? yJykwftrIefYjzL;um *sL;jrpf ESifhwGJpm;Edkifygonf/ (*sL;jrpfuawmh 0,f&cufr,f
xifw,f/ jrefrmrSmqdk&ifawmhtvG,fwul0,fEdkifw,fxifw,f) i½kwfoD;MudKuf&ifawmhi½kwfoD;
qDcsufjzifhpm;Edkifygonf/

2007 ESpfopfrSm aysmf&TifrI taygif;eJY NynfhpHkygap/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 55

55)
55) eef;MuD;acgufqGJokyf - wdkusKdzdkufwm

eef;BuD;okyf (rkefYwDokyf = qefjzifhvkyfaomrkefYzwf)


eef;jym;okyf (eef;BuD;acgufqGJ = *sHKjzifhvkyfaom acgufqGJtjym;rkefYzwf)

vdktyfaompm&if;ESifhjyifqifjcif;

1/ Buufom;tom;csnf; (250) *&rf


tdk;wpfckrSm Buufom;rsm;udk xnfhjyD; qm;? tcsdKrIefY tenf;i,fxnfhíe,fyg/ a&udk tom;rsm;
rjrKyfwjrKyf cefYxnfhí Buufom;rsm; rusufwusufcefU? rEl;wEl;cefYtxdjyKwfyg? jyKwfí
&vmaom Buufom;rsm;udk vufoef;&G,f trQifav;rsm; &atmifrQifxm;yg/
2/ BuufoGefeDOBuD; (3)vHk; (armif*g;? qlyg? rDeDwdkY\vufoD;qkyft&G,fcefY)? BuufoGefjzLO tjrTm
(15) jrTm? csif;vufwqpf? c&rf;csOfoD;bl;wpfbl;?
( Muufom;[if;csuf&efBuufoGefeDOwpfvHk;ESifhwpfjcrf;? BuufoGefjzLO (7) jrTm? csif; wdkYudk
bvef'gjzifh Budwfyg? qDusufcsuf&ef usefBuufoGefeDwpfjcrf;ESifh BuufoGefjzLO (8) jrTm
udkyg;yg;vDS;yg? tokyfESifhtcsOftwGuf usefBuufoGefeD wpfvHk;udk yg;yg;vDS;í a&pdrfxm;yg)
3/ ig;z,f (ig;z,fudk qm;? tcsdKrIefY? iefjym&nf? BuufoGefjzL? eEGif;? i½kwfoD;ta&mifwifrIefY wdkYudk
tenf;i,fpDxnfhí ememayguf^e,fjyD; cyfBuD;BuD;aBumfxm;yg)
(ig;z,faBumfudk tjrifvSapcsif&ifawmh? qDokwfxm;wJh av;axmifhaBuG^oHcGufxJrSm e,fxm;wJh
ig;z,fawGudkxnfh? aygif;tdk;eJYaygif;? aygif;vdkY&vmwJh av;axmifhig;z,fwHk;udk
twHk;vdkufqDeJYaBumf? &vmr,fh ig;z,faBumfudkrS rxlryg;vDS;yg)
4/ a*:zDxkwfwpfpdwf? yJyifaygufwpfxkyf? Buuft½dk; (100^150)*&rf
(t0us,f aZmufeufwJhtdk;rSm Buuft½dk;? qm;? tcsdKrIefY? "g;jym;½kdufxm;wJh BuufoGefjzLO (2)
jrTm? csif; vufwpfqpf? a& (1) vDwmwdkYudkxnfhjyD; yGufyGufqlatmifjyKwf^wnfyg?
BuufjyKwf&nfyGufyGufqlvQif a*:zDxkwfudk rnDrnmzJh&GJUxnfh? yJyifaygufxnfh?
i½kwfaumif;rIefYjzL;cyfí tzHk;ydwf rD;ydwfyg)
5/ (10) awmif?h (15) awmifhyg i½kwfoD;pdrf;wpfxkyf (yg;yg;vDS;xm;yg)
6/ oHyk&moD;^a&SmufoD; (2)vHk; (pdyfxm;yg)
7/ yJrIefYtusufrIefY wpfxkyf
8/ refusnf;oD;rSnfh (rjypfrusJt&nfazsmfxm;yg)
9/ i½kwfoD;rIefYtpyfrIefY + ta&mifwifrIefY = xrif;pm;ZGef; (2) ZGef;pD
10/ rkefYzwf (*syefrSm&Sdolrsm; tl'Hkudk tvHk;^tjym;BudKuf&moHk;Edkifygw,f)? eef;BuD;acgufqGJ
twGufuawmh tDwvDacgufqGJajcmuftjym;udk txkyfyg tnTef;twdkif;jyKwfíoHk;yg/
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 56

pwifcsufjyKwfjcif;

1/ BuufoGefqDusufcsufjcif; (',ftdk;wpfckrSm qDudk qefjcifcGuf wpfcGufcGJcefYxnfhí rD;rQOf;rQOf;jzifh


tylay;yg? qDylvQif eEGif;rIefU xrif;pm;ZGef; (1^2) ZGef;cefY xnfharTyg? 4if;aemuf
yg;yg;vDS;xm;wJh BuufoGefeDrsm;xnfhaBumfyg? BuufoGefeDrsm; eDndKa&mifoef;í BuGyfvQif q,fí
yef;uefwpfckrSmxnfhyg/ 4if;qDylxJrSmyJ yg;yg;vDS;xm;wJh BuufoGefjzLrsm;xnfhaBumfyg? eDndKa&mif
oef;í MuGyfvQifq,fjyD;? BuufoGefeDaBumfyef;uefxJrSm aygif;xnfhxm;yg? tdk;xJrS qDudk (5^10)
rdepfcefY tat;cHjyD; BuufoGefeD^jzLaBumf yef;uefxJtwlaygif;xnfhxm;yg/
2/ i½kwfqDusufcsufjcif; (BuufoGefqDusuf csufxm;wJhtdk;rSm qDudk qefjcifcGufESifhwpfcGufcefYxnfhí
rD;rQOf;rQOf;jzifh tylay;yg? i½kwfoD;rIefY t&mifwifrIefYESifh tpyfrIefYwdkYudk xnfhí arTay;aeyg? (5)
rdepfcefYBumvQif rD;ydwfí i½kwfqDusuf rsm;udk yef;uefwpfckrSmxnfhyg/)
3/ Buufom;[if;csufjcif; (i½kwfqDcsufxm;wJhtdk;rSm qDwpfcGufxnfhí rD;tylay;yg? Budwfxm;wJh
BuufoGefjzL? eD? csif;wdkYudk xnfharTyg? c&rf;csOfoD;bl;\ (2^3)xnfharTyg? c&rf;csOfoD;
usufcgeD;rSm jyKwfxm;wJh Buufom;rsm;xnfhyg? iefjym&nf? qm;? tcsdKrIefYxnfhyg?
a&wpfcGufcGJcefY xnfhyg? a&cef;í qDjyefvQif rD;ydwjf yD; tzHk;zHk;í tkyfxm;yg/)
4/ tcsOfpyfjcif; (yg;yg;vDS;í a&aq;ppfxm;wJh BuufoGefeDrsm;udk ZvHkwpfckrSmxnfh? oHyk&moD;^
a&SmufoD;n§pf? i½kwfoD;pdrf;rsm;xnfh? qm;xnfhjyD; oratmifa&marTyg/)

pHkoavmufjzpfvdkY yGJav; jyifvdkufBu&atmifvm;

1/ aZmufyef;uefvHk; wpfckrSm acgufqGJtjym;^rkefYwDrsm;xnfhyg


2/ Buufom;[if;? yJrIefYtusuf? BuufoGefqDcsuf? i½kwq f Dcsuf? refusnf;rSnfh&nf
a&aq;ppfxm;wJh BuufoGefeDrsm;xnfh? okyfyg/
(qD? yJrIefYtenf;trsm;? csOfiefpyftenf;trsm;udkawmhjzifh qm;? tcsdKrIefY? iefjym&nf? i½kwf
oD;tusuftavSmfrIefY? refusnf;&nf? oHyk&m&nfwdkYudk rdrdBudKufESpfoufovdkxnfhEdkifygw,f)
3/ okyfxm;jyD;wJh acgufqGJay:rSm ig;z,fjym; (2) jym;wif? eHeHyif&Guftenf;i,f
wifjyD;&ifpm;EdkifygjyD/

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NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 57

56)
56) qDcsufacgufqG
qGJ - wdkusKdzdkufwm

vdktyfr,fhpm&if;eJYjyifqifjcif;

1/ Buufom;(tom;csnf;) (200) *&rf ?Buuf½kd;wpfxkyf


Buufom;udk qm; = vufzufpm;ZGef; (2)ZGef;? oBum; = (1) ZGef;? yJiefjym&nftBunf =
xrif;pm;ZGef; (1) ZGef; xnfhíe,fyg/ Buuf½kd;udk (1^5) ckwfyg/
2/ Buufjrpf (100)*&rf? BuufoJ (100)*&rf
Buufjrpfrsm;udk bD;ukwfyHktwdkif; tay:rS "g;jzifh&SyfvDS;yg? 4if;"g;&may:rSm uefYvefYjzwfí "g;jzifh
(3) csuf&SyfvDS;yg (rvSD;jcif;ESifh vSD;jcif; [if;usuf&iftjrifuGmygw,f)
3/ BuufoGefjzLtjrTm (12) jrTm? csif;vufwpfqpf
3.1) BuufoGefjzL (8) jrTmudkyg;yg;vDS;í rnufwnuf EkyfEkyfpOf;yg
3.2) usef (4) jrTm eJY csif;udk "g;jym;½dkufxm;yg
4/ BuufoGefjrdwfwpfpnf;
yg;yg;&dyf&dyfvDS;xm;yg (*syefrSm&Sdolrsm; befEdkeif;*DudkoHk;yg)
5/ ocGm;oD; (3) acsmif;
ocGm;oD;rsm;udk (a'gifvdkuf^aZmif;vdkuf^ta&Tvdkuf) tjym;av;rsm;&atmifvDS;yg/ &vmaom
tjym;av;rsm;udk xyfrHí t&Snfvdkuf pdyfpdyfav;&atmif vDS;yg/
6/ yJiefjym&nftBunf
qefjcifaumfcGuf (3) cGuf? qm; = xrif;pm;ZGef; (1) ZGef;? oBum; = xrif;pm;ZGef; (1) ZGef;
7/ acgufqGJxkyf
7.1) *syefrSm&Sdolrsm; ,mudpdk;bacgufqGJaBumf&mrSm oHk;onfhacgufqGJ tpdkxkyfudkoHk;yg(100%wl)
7.2) acgufqGJtpdkr&Edkifolrsm; tDwvDacgufqGJajcmufudkoHk;yg? tDwvDacgufqGJajcmufrSm
tvHk;ESifhtjym;BudKuf&moHk;yg(85%wl)
7.3) acgufqGJajcmufxkwfrsm;rS acgufqGJajcmufudk oHk;í&aomfvnf; t&omodyfr&SdvSyg?
r&SdíoHk;&vQif udk&D;,m;acgufqGJajcmufoHk;yg(45%wl)
8/ ,dk;',m;i½kwfqDtpyf? c&rf;csOfoD;aqmh? tcsOfpdrfxm;aomi½kwfoD;pdrf;

qDusufcsufjcif;

1/ ',ftdk;xJwGif qDudk qefjcifcGufESifh (3) cGufxnfhjyD; rD;rQOf;rQOf;jzifhtylay;yg/ qDyl&if vDS;xm;wJh


BuufoGefjzLrsm; xnfhaBumfyg? eDa&mifoef;vmwJhtxd arTay;aeyg? eDndKa&mifjzpfvm&if
rD;zdkrD;udkydwfvdkufyg? qufarTay;aeyg (3) rdepfBum&if BuufoGefjzLaBumfrsm;udk qDppfa*:jym;eJY
q,fí yef;ueftvGwfxJrSm xnfhyg/
2/ cGufwpfckxJrSm qDusufrsm;udkxnfhyg/

yJqDcsufjcif;

1/ BuufoGefjzLaBumfxm;wJh ',ftdk;xJrSm yJiefjym&nftBunf aumfcGuf (3) cGuf? qm; xrif;pm;ZGef;


(1) ZGef;? oBum; xrif;pm;ZGef; (1) ZGef;? qDusuf xrif;pm;ZGef; (1) ZGef; xnhfjyD;
rD;rQOf;rQOf;eJU tylay;yg? arTay;aeyg? (10) rdepfBum&if rD;ydwfyg? 4if;yJqDusufudk cGufwpfckxJrSm
xnfhyg/
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 58

Buufom;csufjcif;

1/ yJqDcsufxm;wJh tdk;xJrSm e,fESyfxm;wJh Buufom;rsm;xnfh? qDusuf xrif;pm;ZGef; (1) ZGef;xnfh?


a&qefjcifcGuf (2^3)cGuf xnfhjyD; tzHk;tkyfí rD;jyif;jyif;eJY tylay;csufyg/ a&cef;í usuf&if
tat;cHyg/
2/ 4if;Buufom;rsm;udk yg;yg;av;rsm;jzpfatmifvDS;í cGufwpfckxJrSmxnfhyg/

Buuf&dk;[if;csdKcsufjcif;

1/ tdk;wpfvHk;rSm qDudk xrif;pm;ZGef; (1) ZGef;xnfhí rD;rQOf;rQOf; eJYtylay;yg


2/ qDyl&if oBum;udk vufzufpm;ZGef; (1) ZGef;xnfhíarTyg? "g;jym;½dkufxm;wJhBuufoGefjzLeJY
csif;wdkYudkxnfharTyg? arTay;ae&if;eJY oBum;? BuufoGefjzL? csif;wdkY eDa&mifoef;vm&if
Buuf½kd;rsm;xnfhyg? a& (2)vDwmxnfhí rD;jyif;jyif;eJY tylay;yg? qm;? tcsdKrIefYxnfhyg/
3/ a&yGufyGufql&if Buufjrpfrsm;xnfhyg? (7) rdepf&S&d if toJrsm;xnfhyg? toJxnfhjyD;í (5) rdepf
&Sd&iftoJtjrpfrsm;udk q,fí cGufwpfckxJrSmtat;cHxm;yg/

tcsOfpyfjcif;

1/ ,dk;',m;i½kwfqD tpyf qefjcifcGuf (1) cGuf? c&rf;csOfoD;aqmh qefjcifcGuf (1) cGuf


Buuf½kd;[if;csdK xrif;pm;ZGef; (2) ZGef;? rxlryg;vDS;xm;wJh (tcsOf&nfpdrfxm;wJh) i½kwfoD;awmifh
(6) awmifh wdkYudk cGufwpfckxJrSmxnfhí oratmifarTjyD;xm;yg (ocGm;oD;ay:qrf;pm;&eftwGuf)
2/ obm0tcsOfudkrS pm;vdkolawGuawmh &dyf&dyfvDS;xm;wJh ocGm;pdyfrsm;udk oHyk&moD;rS
t&nfn§pfxnfh? qm;i½kwfaumif;enf;enf;xnfh? rxlryg;vDS;xm;wJhi½kwfoD;awmifhawGudk xnfhí
rzGwzGav;e,f? jyD;&ifcGufwpfckrSmxnfhxm;yg/
(a&Smuf&nfBudKufaom udkplygeJY udk*g;wdkYuawmh oHy&k moD;tpm; a&SmufoD;udkoHk;Edkifygw,f)
3/ ocGm;oD;csOf rBudKufolrsm;uawmh ocGm;oD;tpm; BuufoGefeDeJY a*:zDxkwfudkoHk;yg/

uJ...tpmyvmawGpHkjyDqdkawmhqDcsufacgufqGJav;jyifjyD;pm;vdkufBu&atmif

bzdkufwdkYuawmh udk,fjyifqifxm;wmawGudk yvyfpwpfbl;wpfbl;pDrSm xnfhjyD;


udk,fqDcsufjyifr,fha&SUrSm wef;pDxm;ygw,f

1) BuufoGefjzLqDusuf
2) yJqDusuf
3) BuufoGejf zLaBumf(vufzufokyfxJxnfhpm;wJhBuufoGefjzL t0dkif;aBumf (1^2) udk yvyfpwpftdyf
rSmxnfh? rnufwnufjzpfatmif ykvif;wpfvHk;eJYBudwf? jyD;&ifudk,ftck vwfvwfqwfqwf
aBumfxm;wJh BuufoGefaBumfawGeJY a&myg)
4) BuufoGefjrdwf
5) Buufom;
6) ocGm;oD;
7) tcsOf&nf ...wdkYudkvufvSrf;rDr,fhae&mrSm xm;ygw,f/
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 59

qDcsufacgufqGJjyifjcif;

1/ tdk;^',ftdk;xJrSm a&xnfhí yGufyGufqlatmif wnfyg? a&ql&if acgufqGJtpdkudk rdepf0uf^


wpfrdepf xnfhjyKwfí Zumjzifh a&rsm;ppfypfyg/ a&ppf&if 4if;',ftdk;rSmyJ acgufqGJrsm;udkxnfhyg/
(*syefrSm&SdolawGtwGuf acgufqGJtpdkwpfxkyf (txJrSm txkyfao; (3) ckyg)
qdk&if ESpfa,mufpm aumif;aumif; avmufygw,f)
(tDwvDacgufqGJajcmuf^udk&D;,m;acgufqGJajcmuf oHk;r,fholawGuawmh txkyfrSmygwJh jyKwfenf;
tnTef;twdkif; jyKwfBuyg? aysmhoGm;rSm pdk;&drf&í tcsdefrvGefrdBuygapeJY)
2/ a&ppfjyD; acgufqGJylylay:rSm qDcsuf xrif;pm;ZGef; (3) ZGef;? yJqDusuf xrif;pm;ZGef; (2) ZGef;?
BuufoGefaBumf (1) ZGef;? BuufoGejfrdwf (1) ZGef;xnfh? qm;tcsdKrIefY enf;enf;jzL;? jyD;&if
oratmif e,f^arTyg/
(yJqDusufeJY qm;tcsdKrIefYudk vufrvGef&ef owdxm;xnfhyg)
3/ t&omoratmif arTjyD;wJh acgufqGJrsm;udk yef;uefaZmuf (2) ckrSm wpf0ufpDrQxnfhyg/ tay:rS
Buufom;rsm;jzL;xnfhyg? 4if;ay:rS BuufoGefjrdwfrsm;yHkyg? 4if;tay:rS BuufoGefaBumf
vufzufpm;ZGef; (1) ZGef;wifyg/ toifhpm;EdkifwJh qDcsuf acgufqGJ&ygjyD/
4/ vufzuf&nfyef;uefjym; wpfcsyfrSm ocGm;oD;pdyfrsm;xnfh? pyfxm;wJh tcsOfprf;yg
5/ yef;uefvHk;wpfvHk;rSm [if;csdKxnfh? BuufoGefjrdwfjzL;? i½kwfaumif;cwfyg/
toifhoHk;aqmifEdkifygjyDusL;ypfrSarmifwdkYr,fwdkYcifAsm/

qDcsufacgufqGJeJYwGJpm;&r,fhBuufjrpfBuufoJokyfyg

1/ jyKwfxm;jyD;om; BuufjrpfBuufoJawGudk vufr&G,ftwHk;av;rsm;wHk;í aZmufyef;uefxJ xnfhyg/


2/ tay:rSqDcsuf xrif;pm;ZGef; (1) ZGef;? yJqDusuf (1) ZGef;? qm;?tcsdKrIefY tenf;i,fxnfh?
BuufoGefaBumf vufzufpm;ZGef; (1) ZGef;xnfhe,fyg/
3/ 4if;tay:rSm ocGm;oD;pdyfrsm; jzL;yg? pyfxm;wJhtcsOf qrf;yg/ BuufjrpfBuufoJokyf&ygjyD/
(qDcsufacgufqGJrjyifcifBudKokyfxm;yg)

Buufom;tpm;0ufom;? acgufqGJtpm; qefBumZH^ n§yfacgufqGJ rsm;eJYvnf;vkyf í &ygw,f?


BumZHqDcsuf? n§yfacgufqGJqDcsufvnf;pm;aumif;ygw,f/

aemufwpfrsdK;taeeJYapmapmuvkyfxm;wJhqDcsufacgufqGJ? BumZHqDcsuf? n§yfacgufqGJ qDcsuf


awGtay:uae [if;csdKylylav;udk avmif;xnfh? i½kwfaumif;rIeYfav; jzL;jyD;pm;Bunfhprf;yg?
t&omwpfrsdK; xl;apwJh t&nfaomuf qDcsufacgufqGJ jzpfygw,f? tcsOfBudKufwwf&if
oHyk&m&nfav;n§pf? tpyfBudKufwwf&if i½kwfqDav;xnfhpm;BunfhBuyg/

ydkr,fh MuufoGefjzLaBumfeJY qDusufudk odrf;xm;yg? yJqDusufudk a&cJaowåmxJrSm xnfhodrf;yg?


aemifpm;csif&if vG,ful&atmif? BuufzifqDAl;? bJzifqDAl;? Buufajcaxmuf? bJajcaxmuf?
BuufawmifyH wdkYudkjyKwfí txufyg BuufjrpfBuufoJokyfenf;twdkif; okyfpm;Edkifygw,f/
aBu;tdk;qDcsuf vkyfpm;wJhtcgrSmvnf; oHk;í&ygw,f? aBu;tdk;vkyfyHkvkyfenf;udkawmh a&ShrSm&SdjyD;om;rdkY
ra&;vdkufawmhygbl;? aBu;tdk;qDcsuf jyifqifyHkav;yJa&;vdkufygw,f? pm;zdkYtoifhjzpfjyD;om;?
aZmufyef;uefxJ rSaBu;tdk;awGudk ZumeJYppfjyD; tzwfowfowf t&nfowfowf jzpfatmifcGJxkwfyg?
aZmufyef;uefxJrSm tzwfawGxnfh? qDusufxnfh? yJqDusufxnfh? BuufoGefjzLaBumfxnfh?
BuufoGefjrdwfxnfh? ESHYatmife,fjyD;&if tay:rSMuufoeG fjrdwfeJU BuufoGefjzLaBumf tenf;i,f
xnfhjyD;&if tdkauygyJ? aBu;tdk;ut&nfudkawmh i½kwfaumif;rIefYav; jzL;jyD;aomufygcifAsm/
%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 60

57)
57) &Srf;acgufqGJ (1) - rcspfpk

&Srf;acgufqGJvkyfenf;yJa&;ay;vdkufr,f? wpfa,mufeJYwpfa,muf csufwmawmh rwlavmufbl;? rcspfpk


&JU tvG,fcsufenf;av;yg..

vdktyfwJhypönf;awGuawmh

1/ &Srf;acgufqGJajcmuf (em&D0ufavmuf a&pdrfyg) &Srf;acgufqGJajcmuftvG,fwul0,fr&&ifawmh


Rice Noodle qdkwJh txkyfudk&Sm0,f&ifvnf;jzpfw,f..
2/ Muufom; &iftkyf (2) jcrf; (vlrsm;&ifawmh MuufwpfaumifvHk;a&aq;um qm; eEGif;e,fxm;yg/
(vnfyif;? awmifyH? ajcaxmuf ygxnfhvQif [if;csdKtwGuf ydkaumif;ygonf/)
3/ MuufoGefeD? c&rf;csOfoD;? csif;tenf;i,f? MuufoGefjzL
(MuufoGefeD (5) Oavmufudka&aq;jyD; yg;yg;vSD;yg? c&rf;csOfoD; 4 vHk;avmufudkvnf;
yg;yg;vSD;yg/ csif;eJY MuufoGefjzLuawmh MuufjyKwftdk;xJxnfhzdkhtwGuf "g;eJY½dkufjym;xm;yg)
4/ ajryJ MudwfjyD;om;? qDwdk[l;udktenf;i,fa&azsmfxm;yg
5/ rkefnif;csOf (&Srf;csOf vdkYvnf;ac:ygw,f)
'Dvdktyfcsufav;awG&Sd&ifyJ &Srf;acgufqGJudktvG,fwulcsufpm;Edkifygw,f/

pwifcsufjyKwfjcif;

1/ csif;eJY MuufoGefjzL udka&eJYt&ifyGufatmifwnfyg/ yGufvmwmeJY


Muufom;eJYt&dk;awGudkxnfhyg/(em&D0ufavmuf rD;rsm;rsm;eJwnf&ef)
2/ Muufom;El;jyDqdk&if tdk;xJu q,f,ljyD; Muufom;udkrGvdkufyg t&G,fawmfayghaemf..
3/ ckeuyg;yg;vSD;xm;wJh MuufoGefudk t&ifqDowf&ygr,f? (qDusufoyfoyfrvkyfcsif&if
qDudkrsm;rsm;xnfhyg) qDtdk;xJudk eEGif; tenf;i,fxnfhyg? MuufoGefeDusufcgeD;rS i½kwfoD;rIefYudk
xnhfyg/ cPtMumrSm c&rf;csOfoD;udkxnfhyg/ (5) rdepfavmufarTjyD;vQif qm;? tcsdKrIefY?
iefjym&nf xnfhyg/ jyD;vQif a&tenf;i,fxnfhjyD; (10) rdepfavmufwnfxm;yg
(a&cef;wJhtcsdefxdaygh)..c&rf;csOfoD;eJY MuufoGefqDjyefvmjyD; tESpfvdkjzpfoGm;wJhtcsdefrSm
ckeurGxm;wJhMuufom;udk xnhfjyD; (10) rdepfavmufawmh xm;jyD;vQif Muufom;[if;&ygjyD/
5/ acgufqGJjyKwf&ef a&aEG;wnfyg? a&aEG;qlwmeJU acgufqGJcPjyKwfyg/
6/ [if;csdKtwGufuawmh ckeu MuufjyKwfa&udk qm; tcsdKrIefYxnfhum oHk;aqmifEdkifygw,f
(MuHrqdkifav; xnfhvdkuf&if ydkjyD;awmh aomuf&wmaumif;ygw,f)
7/ aemufqHk;pm;awmhr,ftcsdefrSm jyKwfxm;wJhacgufqGJudkxnfh tay:u Muufom;[if;xnfh
ajryJMudwfxm;wmudkxnfh? qDwdk[l;tenf;i,fxnfh? qm; tcsdKrIefYawmhvdkovdkxnfhayghaemf.
i½kwfoD;MudKuf&if i½kwfoD;rIefYxnfh... &Srf;csOftenf;i,fxnfhum toifhpm;EdkifygjyD/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 61

58)
58) MumqH[if;cg; - rcspfpk

vdktyfwJhypönf;awGuawmh

1) yJMumZH (25) *&rf


2) Muufwpfaumif
3) rIdajcmuf yef;ajcmuf (25 *&rf 1xkyf)
4) yJjym;ajcmuf (25 *&rf 1xkyf)
5) iHk;O wpfu'f
6) MuufoGefeD (3) O

pwifcsufjyKwfenf;

1) yxrqHk; MumZH (25) *&rfavmuf? rIdajcmufyef;ajcmufwpfxkyf? yJjym;ajcmuf wpfxkyf


'gawGtm;vHk;udk a&pdrfyg/ wpfckcsif;qD udk ZvHkwpfckpDjzifh oyfoyfpdrfvQifydkaumif;ygonf/
2) iHk;OudkjyKwfjyD; tcGHcGmxm;yg/
3) Muufudkav;ydkif;jcrf;jyD; (acgif;?ajcaxmuf?vnfyif;awmifyH) rsm;xnfhum jyKwfyg/
em&D0ufavmufjyKwfjyD;vQifrD;ay:rScsum jyKwfxm;aom Muufav;jcrf;rS tom;rsm;udkxGifyg/
4) MuufoGefeD (3) OtcGHcGmum yg;yg;vSD;yg/ rD;zdkay:udk',ftdk;jym;wifjyD; qDudk taeawmfxnfhyg/
qDylvmvsSif eEGif;enf;enf;xnfh? MuufoGefeDyg;yg;udkxnfhjyD; usufvmonftxdarTay;yg? jyD;vQif
i½kwfoD;rIefYvdkovdkxnfhjyD; xGifxm;aomMuufom;udk xnfhum (10) rdepfavmufxm;um
rD;zdkay:rScsEdkifygjyD/
5) MuufjyKwfa&udkrD;ay:jyefwifjyD; qlvmaomtcg MumZH? rdIajcmufyef;ajcmuf? yJjym;? rsm;udkxnfhjyD;
qlvmonftxdwnfyg/ qlvmvsSif csufxm;aom Muufom;[if;udkxnfhjyD; qlyGufvmonftxd
rD;rsm;rsm;jzifhwnfay;yg/ qlvmvQif qm;? tcsdKrIefYudkjrnf;jyD; vdktyfovdkxnfhEdkifygonf/
MumZH[if;cg;tdk;rcscifrSm toifhjyKwfjyD;om; iHk;OudkxnfhEdkifygw,f/ tcsdK&nf enf;enf;uscsdefrSm
tcsdKtiefudkjrnf;jyD; MumZH[if;cg;tdk;udkcsEdkifygjyD/
6) eHeHyif? oHyk&moD;? i½kwfoD; xnfhum toifhpm;oHk;Edkifygonf/

'Dxufaumif;wJhcsufenf;&Sd&ifvnf; a&;ay;ygOD;/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 62

59)
59) rkefnif;csOfvkyfenf; (1) – blue_apyar

Go to Chinese grocery store ..Buy

1. 2-3 Sour mustard packets


2. Chicken brand Chilly sauce medium size
3. Chopped vegetables (Carrot, Garlic, Small young onions, Cabbage)
4. Brown Sugar small packet

Cut sour mustard into small pieces, pour chicken brand chily sauce, brown sugar ( 2-3
table spoon) then add other chopped vegetables (Carrot, Garlic, Small young onions,
Cabbage & etc..)
Mix them together..Put in a wide-mouthed jar.. Keep it in the refrigerator for 3 -4 days ..
Then it is ready to serve..

%%%%%%%%

60) rkefnif;csOfvkyfenf;(2) – TMM

'gu rkefnif;csOfvkyfenf; aemufwpfrsKd;yg/ tdrfrSm tarvkyfavh½SdwJh enf;yg/rkefnif;csOfrvkyfcif


rdk;av0ot&ifMunfhNyD; aeomwJh&ufukda&G;&rSm jzpfygw,f/
(1) rkefnif;
(2) *sL;jrpf (½Sm0,fvkdY&&ifaygh)
(3) MuufoGefNzL
(4) csif;
(5) i½kwfoD;cGJNcrf;
(6) qm;
(7) tcsKdrIefY
(8) xrif;&nf (tat;cHxm;yg)
rkefnif;eJU *sL;NrpfawGukd taeawmft&G,f NzwfNyD;
Aef;wpfckrSm jzefYNyD;aevSrf;yg/ (wpf&ufaevSef;&rSm jzpfygw,f)
MuufoGefNzL ? csif; ? i½kwfoD;cGJNcrf; qm; tcsKdrIefY wkdYukda&maxmif;yg/
aevSef;xm;wJY rkefnif;? *sK;Nrpf? a&maxmif;xm;wJh i½kwfoD; eJY xrif;&nfukd ZvkHwpfckxJrSm
a&me,fyg/ rkefnif;t½kd;awGukd aMuoGm;atmif vufeJYqyk fNyD;e,fyg/ NyD;&if ykvif;oefYwpfckxJ
avvkHatmifxnfUjyD; aeylxJrSm ESpf&ufxm;yg/ NyD;&if pm;vkdY&ygNyD/
tcsOfvGefroGm;atmif a&cJaowÅmxJrSmxnfUxm;yg/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 63

61)
61) MuufqDxrif;csufenf;... - rdkufatmif

MuufqDxrif;udktvG,fqHk;csufcsif&ifawmh...supermarket awGrSma&mif;wJh cream of chicken


(or) chicken soup oHAl;udkazmufxnfh... a&(2)cGuf? (3) cGufavmuf xnfh qef (3)
cGufavmufeJY jyD;awmh rice cooker eJYcsufvdkufyg.. 'Dxuf ydkvG,fwm MudKufvQif chicken
powder (soup awGrSmxnhfwJh Muufom;[if;cwfrIefY)udk... yHkrSef xrif;csufwJhtxJrSm tJ'DtrIefY
(3) ZGef;? (4) ZGef;avmufxnfhjyD;awmh rice cooker eJYcsufyg......

%%%%%%%%

62)
62) aBu;tdk; – gfh540

This is my lil' sister's easiest way to ]]aMu;tkd;}}.

1) Try with can of chicken broth and bones of chicken for soup.
2) Use a ground turkey for meat, don't forget to add salts
3) When chicken soup is boiling, add pieces of ground turkeys and some vegetable like
chinese carbage.

Never mix rice noodles and soup before u eat!


I mean let the rice noodle boil separately from soup.
Ground meats are a little smelly, so u will need some ginger and garlic.

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 64

63) aMu;tdk;ESifhaMu;tdk;qDcsuf - rcspfpk

Originally Posted by exotic


a&Tawmifwef; aMu;tdk;...t&rf;pm;csifaew,f/ vkyfenf;av; r p MuygtkH;/

aMu;tdk;vkyfenf;udk [dkbufo&ufrSmawmhwjcm;olawGwifzl;ygw,f 'gayr,fh


'D[if;csufenf;xJrSmr&Sdao;vdkY wwfoavmufrSwfoavmufav;a&;ay;vdkufygw,f/

yg0ifrnfhypönf;rsm;

1/ MumZH (500 *&rf)


2/ 0uf&dk; (2 uDvdk)
3/ 0ufom; (500 *&rf) (tom;csnf;Mudwfxm;aom)
4/ tlcsdK (tltao;)? tlrMuD;
5/ rkefnif;pdrf;? MuufO? aumfrSkefY?
6/ csif; tenf;i,fudkaxmif;jyD;t&nfnpfxm;&ef/
7/ i½kwfoD;aqmh? MuufoGefjzL (3) jrTm? i½kwfoD;teDawmifh (2)awmihf? refusnf;oD;rSnfh
tenf;i,fudk a&azsmfxm;&ef/

pwifjyifqifjcif;

1/ MumZHudk a&jzifht&ifpdrfyg/
2/ 0uf&dk;udka&jzifh (1) em&DMudKpdrfxm;yg/ 0uf&dk;rSaoG;rsm;udk ajymifoGm;atmif vdYkyg/ r[kwf&if
tJh'DaoG;awGuae 0uf&dk;jyKwfonfhtcg tjrKyftrJrsm; tdk;ay:wufvmrSmrYdk/ aoG;awGukefoGm;onfh
wdkifatmif pdrfxm;u ydkaumif;ygw,f/ jyD;vQif 0uf&dk;udk ZvHkMuD;xJwGifxnfhum qm;? tcsdKrIefY?
iefjym&nf xnfhume,fxm;yg/
3/ tdk;MuD;MuD;wpfvHk;xJwGif a&udk tdk;wpf0ufxnfhum rD;jyif;jyif;jzifhwnfyg/
a&aEG;qlyGufvmaomtcg e,fxm;aom 0uf&dk;udkxnfhjyD; tzHk;tkyfxm;yg/ 0uf&dk;qlyGufvmjyD;
tjrKyfrsm;wufvmygu cyfxkwfypfyg/ 0uf&dk;udk t&nfusonf(tjzLa&mifeD;yg;)xdwnfyg/

Q &A
Q - aus;Zl;yJ rcspfpka&/ 'geJY 0uf&dk;u b,favmufMumMumNyKwf&rSmwkef;As/ wpfcgwkef;u
oli,fcsif;awGeJY prf;NyD;vkyfpm;wkef;u tJ'DvkdyJ 0uf&dk;ukd NyKwfNyD; [if;tcsKd&nfxkwfwm awmfawmfeJY
tcsKd&nfrxGufbl;/ aeYvnfpmqdkNyD; reufrdk;vif;xJu NyKwfvdkufwm npmNzpfoGm;w,f/ (exotic)
A- udktdyfaZm (45) rdepf? (1)em&D avmufawmhjyKwf&vdrfhr,f/ tcsdK&nfxGufvm&if
0uf&dk;jyKwf&nfutjzLa&mifoef;oGm;w,f/ jyD;awmhtqDvnf;xGufvmw,f/ teHYvnf;arT;arT;
(0ufjyKwf&nfeHY) xGufvmw,f/ tJhvdkqdkrD;ydwfvdkY&ygjyD/
reufrdk;vif;uwnf;uaenaexdapmifhp&mrvdkygbl;/ (machitsu)
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 65

4/ tlcsdKESifhtlrMuD;udka&aocsmaq;um qm;? tcsdKrIefY? eEGif;jzifhe,fjyD; tdk;tao;wvHk;jzifh jyKwfyg/


jyD;vQif tlcsdKESifh tlrMuD;rsm;udk vufwpfqpft&G,ftpm;&atmif uwffaMu;(odkh) "g;jzifhvSD;yg/
5/ Mudwfxm;aom0ufom;xJodkY MuufOwpfvHk;? csif;&nf ESifh aumfrIefY vufzuf&nfZGef;
wpfZGef;xnfhum e,fay;yg/
6/ rkefnif;pdrf;udk a&aq;um vuf (2) qpft&G,fvSD;xm;&ef/
7/ i½kwfoD; (2) awmifhESifh MuufoGefjzLudk axmif;yg? jyD;vQif i½kwfoD;aqmhudk
yef;uefvHk;xJodkYxnhfjyD; axmif;xm;aom MuufoGefESifhi½kwfoD;udkxnfh
refusnf;oD;&nfusJudkxnfhum arTay;jyD; qm;ESifh tcsdKrIefYtenf;i,fxnfhyg/

pwifcsufjyKwfjcif;

1) vufudkifygaomtdk;ao;xJodkY tcsdK&nfusaeaom0uf&dk;t&nf (5)ZGef;([if;csufZGef;)xnhfjyD;


rD;jyif;jyif;jzifhwnfyg/
2) e,fxm;aom0ufom;udktvHk;ao;av;rsm;vHk;umxnfhjyKwfyg/ tlcsddKESifhtlrMuD;udkvnf;xnfhjyKwfyg/
3) tom;usufvmaomtcg MumZHwpfyGJpmudkxnhfyg/qm;? tcsdKrSkefhvdkoavmufxnhfEdkifygw,f/
4) MumZHusufcgeD;wGif rkefnif;pdrf;tkyfum t&om&Sdaom aMu;tdk;udk rD;ay:rScsum i½kwfoD;aqmhjzifh
tm;&yg;& avG;EdkifygjyD/ teYHarT;csif&ifawmh ESrf;qDav;xnfhum oHk;aqmifEdkifygao;w,f/
5) wu,fvdkYrsm; aMu;tdk;qDcsuf pm;csif&if MumZHESifh tom;zwfrsm;udk Zumjzifhppfum
MuufoGefjzLqDcsufjzifh e,fumpm;Edkifygonf/ (aMu;tdk;qDcsuftvG,fenf; )

rcspfpkawmh 'Denf;twdkif; cPcP vkyfpm;jzpfygw,f/ jrefrmjynfu aMu;tdk;avmufawmh


raumif;bl;aygh/ 'gayr,fh rpm;&wmxufpm&if rqdk;bl;vm;vdkYyg/ 'Dxufaumif;wJh
aMu;tdk;csufenf;rsm; &Sd&ifvnf; a&;ay;ygOD; udkwdkusdK/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 66

64)
64) aM
aMu;tdk;
(35vrf;uaMu;td
uaMu;tdk;bk&if
&if&JUenf;) – nna1981

1/ qefMumZH (oifhovdkomMunfhvkyf)
2/ 0ufom;Mudwfom;/
3/ ig;(ig;qkyfjzpfjzpf bmjzpfjzpfudk,f MudKufwmomvkyf)
4/ 0uftonf;/
5/ ikH;O/
6/ 0uf½dk;(eH½dk;jzpfjzpf bm½dk;jzpfjzpf t½dk;jzpfjyD;a½m)
7/ rkefnif;&Guf/

1) yxrqkH; 0uf½dk;udkjyKwfyg/ [if;csdKrIefYenf;enf;? qm;ykHrSefxnfhyg/ i½kwfaumif;enf;enf; xnfhyg/


i½kwfaumif;rrsm;ap&/ ta&;tMuD;qkH; wjcm; bm[if;cwftarG;tMudKifrS rxnfh&/
(Oyrm csif;? MuufoGefjzL rxnfh&/)
2) 0ufom;udk i½kwfaumif;? qm;? aumfrIefY (Tapioca)wdkYESifhe,fyg/ qdkifcsufESifhwlcsif&if
aumfrIefYenf;enf;ydkxnfhyg/
3) ig;udk aumfrIefYeJYe,fyg/ jyD;rSvHk;yg/
4) 0uftonf;udk yg;yg;vSD;yg;/ yg;vSyfaep&mrvdkyg/ taeawmftyg;av;yg/ 0.1? 0.2
vufravmufqdk&ygw,f/ odyfxl&if rusufrSmpdk;&ygw,f/ 0uftonf;udk yg;yg;
vSD;zdkY taumif;qHk;enf;u (Freezer)xJuxkwfjyD; a&cJ tm;vkH;raysmfcif? twGif;ydkif;enf;enf;
cJaeao;wJhtcsdefrSm vDS;yg/
5) rkkefnif;udk taeawmf (1)vufrcGJcefY jzwfxm;vdkufyg/

csufygr,f

1) jyKwfxm;wJh 0ufjyKwf&nfudk tdk;taeawmfxJrSm xnfhjyKwfyg/ qlvm&if 0ufom;e,fxm;wmudk


tvkH;jzpfjzpf? qdkifuvdk tawmifhjzpfjzpf xnfhyg/ tonf;ygwpfcgwnf;xnfhyg/
ig;vHk;xnfhyg/
2) 0ufom;eJ htonf; awmfawmfusuf&ifMumZHeJY ikH;Oxnfhyg/ MumZHEl;cgeD;&if MuufOxnfhcsif&if
xnfhvdkY&ygw,f/ MuufOrauscsif&if xnfhjyD;jyD;jcif; rarTbJ cPapmifhyg/ 'gygyJ? jyD;ygjyD/
3) tdk;udkcsjyD; rkefnif;xnfhyg/
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 67

MumZHqDcsufvkyfcsifvQif

1) Muufom;udk El;aeatmifjyKwfjyD; q,fyg/ ao;ao;rGrGav;awG vSD;yg/


2) MuufoGefjzLudk awmufawmufpOf;yg/ qDyleJU MuufoGefjzLudk qDcsuf csufyg/
vkyfxm;wJh aMu;tdk;udk a&ppfyg/

csufygr,f

1) tdk;wpftdk;udk qDcsufxnfhjyD; tylay;yg/ ylvmvQif yJiefjym&nf tMunfa&udk xnfhyg/


axmif;ueJ teHYxGufvm&ygrnf/ [if;csdKrIefYxnfhyg/
2) Muufom;&,f? ppfxm;wJhaMu;tdk; tzwfawGudk tdk;xJxnfh rD;ydwfjyD;e,fyg/
'gygyJ/ twdkif;twmawG twdtusra&;EkdifwmcGifhvGwfyg/ usaemfudk,fwdkifvnf; rodyg/
'g&efukefrSm aMu;tdk;qdkifawG&JY wu,fhenf;yg/ ig;pmomru uGefcsufygjyjyD;jzpfaMumif;/

comment by KP : aMu;tdk;csufenf;rSmygwJ h 0uf½dk;jyKwfav;ajymyg&ap/ 0uf½dk;udk


t&nfjzLvmwJ th xdjyKwf&ygr,f/tenf;qHk; (2) em&DausmfausmfjyKwf&ygr,f/r[kwfygu
aMu;tdk;t&om ray:vGifyg/

response from nna1981: jyKwf&ifxGufvmwJh aoG;awGudkvnf; q,fzkdYrarheJYOD;/ awmfMum


teHYMuD;eHaer,f/ bm[if;cwfrSxnfhxm;wmr[kwfawmh/ [kwfygw,f MumMumjyKwfav aumif;avyJ/
aMu;tdk;aumif;raumif;qdkwm tJ'D0ufom;jyKwf&nf&,f/ xnfhwJh0ufom;&,f ay:rSmomrlwnfaMumif;/

comment by reign : Bum;zl;wmav;wpfckxyfNznfhpGufyg&ap/ wpfcsdKUqkdifawGu


0ufom;e,fwJhtxJa&m 0ufûywf&nfxJudkyg ESrf;qDav;wpfpufESpfpufxnfhBuw,f/
ydkarT;w,fvdkYaNymygw,f/ aBu;tdk;vkyfenf;udk aocsmaNymNywJYtwGuf aus;Zl;ygaemf/

comment by tokyofighter : rDvQH 0dkifau ,l*sD; wdkYrSm rpm;bl;vdkY 0ufom;av;awG


b,fvdk&Sdw,fqdkwmawmh bzdkuf rodbl; ...bzdkuf csufwwfwJh enf;udkawmh a&;ay;vdkufygw,fAsm
... vufndI;eJYvufcv,f yl;xm;wJht&G,f 0ufom;wHk;awGudk BumndIU(yJiefjym&nftaemuf)t&nf
teJi,f? qm; tcsKdrIefYwdkYeJYe,f? tdk;xJxnfh? qDenf;enf;xnfh? a&xnfhjyD; 0ufom;jyKwfaBumf
(a&crf;jyD;qDyJusefonfhtajctae)vkyf ? cPtat;cHjyD;&if 0ufom;wHk;awGudk vufndI;&JY yxr
tqpft&G,favmufuav;awGavmuf wHk;jyD;xnfhwmygbJ ... qkyfxm;wJh0ufom;vHk;qkyf av;awG
udkawmh ... 0ufom;taBuom;rSm BuufoGefjzL ? qm; ?BuufOtESpf ?aumfrIefYteJi,f wdkYudkxnfh
?aZmufyef;uef wpfvHk;rSmxnfh ?zde,faygufxm;jyD; aBu;tdk;jyKwfwJhtcg xnfhjyKwf&if
0ufom;qkyfvHk;av;awG &ygw,f ... csufpm;BunfhygOD;... raumif;&ifawmh ... ...
auyD udkvnf; 0ufom;rzG,fatmif enf;ar;BunfhygOD; ..
%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 68

65)
65) ocGm;oD; sarada - wdkusKdzdkufwm

1) wpfxGmcefYt&G,f ocGm;oD; (3) acsmif;


(xdyfESpfzufudkjzwfyg? oHk;ydkif;ydkif;yg? 3acsmif; = 9ydkif;&ygr,f? ocGm;oD;tydkif;rsm;udk
"g;jym;½kduf^raBuUwaBu zdacsyg)
2) &vmaom ocGm;oD;rsm;udk ZvHkwckrSmxnfh? qm;? tcsdKrIefY? yJiefjym&nftBunf(a&Sm,k)
tenf;i,fxnfhe,fyg/
3) yef;uefjym;wpfcsyfrSm e,fxm;wJh ocGm;oD;rsm;xnfhyg? ESrf;qDxrif;pm;ZGef; wpfZGef;cGJ jzef;yg?
4if;tay:rS ESrf;vufzufpm; ZGef; (1) ZGef;jzL;yg? BuufoGefjzL^eDaBumf vufzuffpm;ZGef;jzL;jyD;vQif
jrnf;EdkifygjyD..............

%%%%%%%%

66)
66) yJjcrf;aBumfokyf - wdkusKdzdkufwm

1) yJjcrf;aBumf (2) xkwf


(yJBurf;aBumfxkwf wpf0ufudk raBuYwaBu&atmif ykvif;jzifhzdacsyg)
2) i½kwfoD;pdrf;awmifh (3) awmifh
(yg;yg;vDS;xm;yg)
3) MuufoGefeDt&G,fawmfwpfvHk;
(yg;yg;vDS; a&rsm;rsm;ESifh aq;íppfxm;yg)
4) yl'Dem^eHeHyif (&dyf&dyfvDS;xm;yg)
5) oHyk&moD;^a&SmufoHyk&moD;^a&SmufoD;wpfjcrf;
(tay:,HtcGHudk &SyfvDS;í yg;yg;vDS;xm;yg)

ZvHkwckxJrSm yJjcrf;aBumf? i½kwfoD;pdrf;? BuufoGefeD? yl'Dem^eHeHyifxnfh? qm;? iefjym&nf? tcsdKrIefU?


qD(qDusuf)xnfh? yJjcrf;aBumftaBursm;xnfh? yg;yg;vSD;xm;wJh a&SmufoHyk&mcGHrsm;xnfh?
tcsOfn§pfxnfhí okyfjyD;vQif jrnf;EdkifygjyD bDtD;av;eJY/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 69

67)
67) bdef;rkefYvk
vkyfenf; (1) - rdkufatmif

*sHKrIefU - ESpfaygif
oMum; - &Spfatmifp
waq; (yeast) - wpfatmifp
EGm;EdkY - ydkifh0uf
axmywf - aygif0uf
EdkYcsOf - wpfydkifh

1) *sHKrsm;udkcGufwpfckxJwGifxnfhjyD; oMum;? waq;ESifh EGm;EdkYylyludk avmif;xnfhyg/


2) cyfyspfyspfav;jzpfatmif *sHKESifha&mjyD; t0wftkyfxm;yg?
3) rkefYyGvmatmif wpfem&DcGJ odkYr[kwf ESpfem&DcefYxm;yg?
4) axmywfudkaysmf½kHav; jyKvkyfí avmif;xnfhjyD; EdkYcsOfavmif;íe,fyg?
5) rkefUe,fom;usaomtcg MuufOt&G,fcefY tvHk;rsm;vHk;í rkefYzkwfAef;ay:wGif pDxm;yg..
6) rkefYwpfckeJY wpfck uyfroGm;atmif tenf;i,f cGmxm;yg?
7) xdkYaemuf rkefYrsm; yGvmatmif ylaEG;aomae&mwGifxm;yg.... rkefY (2) q cefYyGvmvQif rkefYzdkwGif
xnfhí (15) rdepfcefYzkwfyg...

rSwfcsuf... csufenf;jyKwfenf;1000 rS (udka*s vkyfjyD;&ifjzpfrjzpfajymaemf )

Response from JustAsk…. aus;Zl;yJ udkrdkufatmif/ reufjzefawmh aps;0,fxGufvdkuftkH;r,f/


tckawmifpm;csifvmjyD/ EkdYcsOfqdkwm 'def (yogurt)ukdajymwmrvm;/
Response from mikeaung…. [kwfygw,fudka*s...cooking yogurt yg
udka*sata&...EdkYcsOfxnfh&ifawmhcsOfw,fwJh.. tdrfrSmvkyfwmawmhEdkYcsOf rxnfhbl;wJh.. tJ'gtcsdefrDav;
ajymvdkufwm awmfMum csOfae&if qJcHxdrSmpdk;vdkY/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 70

68)
68) bdef;rkefYvk
vkyfenf;(2) - auyD

bdef;rkefY vkyfpm;r,fqdk&ifawmh vdktyfwmav;awG tqifoifh vkyfxm;&ygr,f/

qefMurf; (1) jynf


xef;vsuf (50) om;
xrif;Murf; vufwpfqkyf
pm;aqmf'g pwD;ZGef; oHk; ZGef;
ajryJ? ESrf;avSmf (5)usyfom;pD
tkef;oD; wpfjcrf;
qD ESpfusyfcGJom;? qm; oifh&Hk
----------------------------------------------------------------------
rkefYpvkyfawmhr,fqdk&if qefMurf;udk a&pifatmifaq; jyD;&ifoHk;em&DcefY a&pdrfxm;/ jyD; qefudkMudwf/
qefMudwf&mwGif xrif;Murf;udk a&mjyD; cyfyspfyspfMudwf/ nodyfxm;/ xef;vsufudk
MuGufjrD;wef;jzpfatmifusdKjyD;vQif t0wfeJYppfí nodyfxm;aom rkefYESpfwGifaqmf'geJYyga&mjyD; ememarT/
qm;oifh&Hkxnfh tkef;oD;tcGHcRwf jcpfeJYxdk;/
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
rkefYzkwfawmhr,fqdk&if eEGif;ruif;tdk;rSm qDokwf/ zdkay:wifjyD; tdk;ylvm&if rkefUESpfavmif;xnfhyg/
tay:,HrS ajryJ? ESrf;? tkef;oD;rsm;jzL;jyD; txufrD; atmufrD;eJ hzkwfyg/ rD;udk taeawmfxm;jyD;
pdwf&Snf&Snfxm;&ygr,f/ rkefYusufygu tay:,HqDav;okwfjyD; pm;edkifygjyD/

Comment from kowhiteman:

• MuGufjrD;wef; qdkwm xef;vsufudkusKd&if;............ a,mif;reJY arT&w,faum../ arT&ifa,mif;r


rSm xef;vsufusKdawGayaevdrfUr,f/ tJ'Da,mif;rav;ukd tay:udk ajrSmuf ajrSmufMunfh/
a,mif;r tpGef;uae atmufudk xef;vsuf&nf awG trQifwef;jyD;pD;usaewmudk ac:wm/
a,mif;rqdkwm .. opfom; jzifhjyKvkyfxm;aom arTp&m ( odkY ) ZGef;tMuD;/
• tkef;oD;tajcmuf udk0,f/tqHacsmif &&iftaumif;qHk;/
• tkef;oD;udkcGJ/ jzpfovdkcGJvQif.....tkef;qHrsm;udkjrefrm jcpf ( *spf ) jzifh jcpf/
tkef;qHao;ao;rsm;&rnf/
• tkef;oD;udk tv,fwnfhwnfhujcrf;/ tkef;qHudk tjcrf;vdkuf&atmif xkwf,l/ EdkifiHjcm;rS
vmaom jcpfjzifhjcpf,l/ "m;jzifhvSD;ouJYodkY tkef;qHcsyfyg;yg;av;rsm;&rnf/
• tkef;oD;udk tv,fujcrf;/ tqHrxkwf&/ tkef;cGHrS udkifjyD; tkef;jcpf jzifhjcpf,l/odkY r[kwf
bD,m ykvif; tydwfjzifh jcpf,l/ tkef;qHjrTm;rGm; rsm;&rnf/ 'Dtwdkif;toHk;jyKEdkifovdk ?
,if;tkef;qHrsm;udk t0wfoefYoefY jzifhxkwf/t&nfn§pf u tkef;EdkY &rnf/
tvdk&Sd&moHk;ygav../ bdef;rkefY ynm&Sif vljzL/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 71

69)
69) udk;&D;,m;csOfzwfvkyfenf; – Loyalty

'Dae&mrSmawmh jrefrmvdk &Sif;jyxm;ygw,f


jyxm;ygw,f
http://phpmyanmar.com/video/index.php/video/article/176
Ingredients

traditional quantity ingredient; step


measure
one 2 kg Chinese cabbage 1
500 g salt 1
400 g giant radish (optional) 2
100 g spring onions (optional) 2
The following quantities are based on total weight of 2.4 kg
for the ingredients above (excluding salt, of course).
Adjust accordingly.
5 cloves 20 g garlic 2
3 cm 20 g ginger 2
10 ml Korean fish sauce 2
15 to 25 g coarse chili flakes (see below) 2
250 ml water 2

I'm not sure how important the choice of chili and fish sauce is. I use coarse chili
flakes from a Korean grocer. You can probably use fine chili powder as well, but it's
difficult to guess how strong it will be in comparison. Until recently (July 2006) I used
25g in this recipe, but then got another brand of chili flakes, and they are much
stronger—next time I'll use 15g instead of 25g for this quantity. The 25g quantity relates
to the chili flakes shown in the photos below.
I've also tried Vietnamese fish sauce, and it's not the same as the Korean fish
sauceI use. Giant radishes are white and carrot-shaped, about 25 cm long and 8 cm across
at the top. The are often sold under the name Daikon or Chinese radish. They're well-
known in Europe as well. In Germany, they're called Radi.
Both giant radish and spring onions are traditionally used to modify the flavour;
particularly the onions do this quite strongly, and I've decided I don't like the result too
much. The radish adds a crunchy texture, but I can't detect much difference in flavour.
The quantities for step 2 are for an average size Chinese cabbage. At a later date I intend
to weigh the cabbage I use, since particularly the quantity of liquid depends very much on
it. For the time being, if you have a really large cabbage, increase them by about 50%.
You'll need at least one large bowl for salting and marinating. For salting, I use an oval
goose cooker, about 45 cm x 30 cm, and for marinating I use an oval glass bowl, about
30cm x 15 cm. That's about the smallest you can get away with; something a little larger
would be better, and it would then probably do for salting as well.
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 72

1: Salting

Select a relatively light-coloured cabbage, making sure that there is no mould on


the visible leaves. Remove about six of the outer leaves, taking care to keep them in one
piece, then cut the rest of the cabbage vertically into six segments. Remove the root and
separate the leaves. You'll need a lot of space for this. Discard the root.
If the cabbage is very moist, leave it on a board to dry for up to a couple of hours. Then
place some of the salt in a large container and place enough leaves on top to roughly
cover.
Sprinkle more salt on top of these leaves, and repeat until all the leaves are in the
pot, finishing off with the whole outer leaves. Place a weight on top and wait a day or so.
A lot of salty water should have gathered. Turn the contents over, so that the outer leaves
are on the bottom and all the leaves are wet. You may need to repeat this operation,
which is intended to stop the leaves going brown. After 5 to 7 days, rinse the cabbage
thoroughly in fresh water. Soak, changing the water two or three times, until the cabbage
is no longer overly salty, usually about 12 to 18 hours. The quality of the finished kimchi
depends a lot on this step, and the length of time depends on the thickness of the cabbage
leaves, which varies a lot. To check progress, cut a slice off the bottom of one of the
thickest leaves and taste it. It should taste as salty as you want the finished product to be.

2: Marinating

Put the water, chili, garlic, ginger and fish sauce into a blender and puree. Leave
for half an hour for the chili flakes to swell. The resultant liquid should be about as thick
as meat gravy.
Spread some of the marinade on the bottom of the marinating bowl, then cover
with some of the outside leaves you peeled off at the beginning. Spread some more
marinade, and also some radish or spring onion if you choose. The photo shows carrot,
which is an experiment.
Repeat until you have used up all ingredients, finishing with the rest of the outside
leaves. The purpose of putting the outside leaves on the outside is to make the entire
package easier to handle. Make sure you have some marinade left to put on top, but don't
put it there yet.
Press down on the package to squeeze out any superfluous marinade, pouring it
back into the blender. When the package is relatively dry, remove it en masse from the
bowl and place on a wooden chopping board. With a large knife, cut it into about six
pieces. In the bowl I use, I make one cut along the long axis and two cuts across.
Carefully replace the pieces, then cover with the reserved marinade.
Put in the fridge for a week, after which it will be ready to eat. Make sure there is enough
marinade to cover the cabbage, otherwise it is liable to go mouldy.

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 73

70)
70) rkefY[if;cg; (1) - wdkusKdzdkufwm

Ko Deadmanwalking ... rkefY[if;cg; csufpm;Bunfhrvm;? bzdkufcsufpm;yHk a&;ay;vdkufw,f?


taxGtxl;awmh r[kwfygbl;? ajrmif;jra':csdK rkefU (odkY) jrefrmrkefY[if;xkyfudkoHk;jyD; csufpm;wmygyJ/
i½kwfaumif;t&om BudKufvdkY&Sd&if ajrmif;jra':csdK rkefY[if;cg;xkyfudkoHk;? i½kwfqDteDa&mif 0JaewJh[if;
t&nfeJY t&omudk BudKuf&if jrefrmrkefY[ifcg;xkyfudk oHk;yg/ trsdK;aygif;rsm;pGmxJrSm tJ'DhESpfrsdK;yJ
(bzdkuftBudKuf) tqifajyygw,f/

vdktyfaompm&if;ESifhjyifqifjcif;

1) rkefY[if;cg;[if;&nfajcmuf^rIefYwpfxkyf
2) BuufoGefeDOBuD; (2)O
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rSxyfpdyf = (2) pdyf? BuufoGefeDOwpfO = tpdyf (8) pdyf)vDS;xm; yg/
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udk,fhodrf;xm;wJhOyJ xkwfoHk;&rvdkvdk
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pjyKwfwJhtcsdefrS (7) rdepfrSmBuufO (3) vHk;udkq,f,lí a&at;at;xJrSmpdrfxm;yg =
BuufOtESpf rusufwusuf BudKufolrsm;twGuf? usefBuufOrsm;udk (15) rdepftxd qufjyKwfyg?
(15) rdepf&SdvQif a&at;xJrSmpdrfjyD; tcGHETmí yef;uefwpfckxJrSmxnfhxm;yg)
4) rkefY[if;cg;zwf^rkefYzwf
bzdkufwdkYqDrSmuawmh rkefY[if;cg;zwfeJYwlwJh (pdk;ref; soomen) rkefYzwf(tpdk^tajcmuf)
udk0,fvdkY&í tqifajyygw,f? ArmrkefY[if;cg;zwf&JYt&om csOfwifwifav; rjzpfaewmuvGJvdkY
95% wlygw,f? tjcm;EdkifiHrSusL;ypfarmif^r,frsm; taejzifhvnf; *syefukefwdkufrsm;
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oHk;jyD; n§yfacgufqGJtrSwfeJYpm;BuwmayghAsm/
5) eHeHyif^yJoD;^yl'Dem
(t&Gufrsm;udk &dyf&dyfuav;rsm; vDS;xm;yg? yJoD;^yl'DemwdkYuawmh BudKufwJholvnf;&Sd?
rBudKufwJholvnf; &Sdqdkawmh udkudkYoabmyJayghAsm)
6) iefjym&nf? oHyk&moD;^a&SmufoD;? i½kwfoD;tusufrIefY ^tavSmfrIefY
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 74

rkefY[if;cg;[if;&nfcsufjcif;

1) t0tus,f (24) pifwD? aZmufteuf (26) pifwDrDwm&Sdtdk;rSm a& (5) vDwmxnfhjyD;


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2) rkefY[if;cg;[if;&nfajcmuf^rIefYudk azgufxnfhyg/
(i½kwfavSmfrIefYu jzL;pm;zdkY jzpfvdkY rSm;rxnfhrdygapeJY? ajrmif;jra':csdKrkefY[if;cg;xkyfrSm
qefavSmfrIefYygayr,fh jrefrmrkefY[if;cg;xkyfrSm rygvdkY qefavSmfrIefYxnfhyg (]arT;} taumif;qHk;
qeftusufrIefY udkoHk;ygw,f) qefrIefYudk a&at;tenf;i,feJY oratmifazsmfjyD; xnfhyg?
tdk;xJrSa&jyefqlvmwJhtxd arTay;yg)
3) jyKwfxm;wJh BuufO (4) vHk;udk tvHk;vdkufxnfhyg (tdk;bJO twGuf)
4) i½kwfaumif;rIefY? qm;? iefjym&nfwdkYxnfhyg (vdktyfovdk)
5) rD;rQOf;rQOf;ESifh qlyGufatmif wnfaepOftwGif; jyKwfxm;wJh usefBuufOtusufjyKwf (3) vHk;udk
cyfpdyfpdyfav;rsm; &atmifvSD;í xnfhyg/
6) tdk;ay:rSm tdk;tzHk;udk r[w[tkyfí rD;rQOf;rQOf;ESifh qlyGufatmif (15) rdepfcefYwnfjyD; [if;&nf
tyspftusJudkBunfh? tayghtiefudk jrnf;jyD;vQif tdk;zHk;udkydwf? rD;zdkrSrD;udk
tedrfhqHk;trSwf^tenf;qHk; ae&mrSmxm;jyD; rkefY[if;cg;yGJjyifjyD; pm;r,fhtcsdefxd wnfxm;yg
([if;tdk;wnf&if;eJY arhwm vdkwm0,fzdkY tdrfjyif xGufaps;0,fwmawmh rvkyfrdBuygapeJYOD;)

rkefY[if;cg;yGJjyifjcif;

aZmufyef;uefwpfvHk;rSm rkefYzwfrsm;xnfh? rkefY[if;cg;[if;&nfxnfh? tdk;BuufO^


rusufwusufBuufOjyKwfxnfh? BuufoGefjzLaBumfjzL;? eHeHyifxnfh (i½kwfavSmfrIefY? tcsOf?
iefjym&nf=ESpfoufovdkxnfh)jyD; oHk;aqmifEdkifygjyDcifAsm.....udk'ufa&...bzdkufwdkYqdk? Armjynfu
rkefY[if;cg; qdkifrkefY[if;cg;eJY a0;ae&wmBumaygh? t&ifuqdk 'Dvdk rkefY[if;cg;xkyfawG
vnf;r&Sdao; ray:ao;bl;qdkawmh rkefY[if;cg;pm;&zdkYta&; ig;jyKwf&? qDowf&
eJY tvkyfvnf;&Iyf? tcsdefvnf;ukefeJY ...rvG,fvSbl;... qdkifrkefY[if;cg; rpm;&ao;cif
tdrfrkefU[if;cg;eJYyJ tmomajzae&wmbJAsdKU/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 75

71)
71) rkefY[if;cg; (2) – k_mayz

http://www.myanmardotcom.com/Recipie.aspx?DishID=87

Main Dish

3 pounds catfish or mackerel


1/2 pound ngayan (optional)
1/2 cup fish sauce
1 tablespoon salt
9 pints water
3 whole dried chilies
1 1/2 teaspoons shrimp paste OR 4-inch piece pressed fish
3 tablespoons peanut powder
2 cups minced onion
1/2 cup minced garlic
1/2 tablespoon minced gingerroot or ginger powder
3 tablespoons rice flour
4 tablespoons gram flour
1 1/2cupsoil
1/2 teaspoon turmeric
6 small onions
1-foot length banana stem (optional)
1 1/2 teaspoons lemon grass powder
1 large garlic bulb
6 eggs
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 76

Small Accompaniments:

2 teaspoons chili powder


4 limes
1/2 pound filleted fish, perch or ngape
1/2 cup chili powder
2 bunches coriander leaves
24 crisp bean crackers or other crackers
5 pounds fresh or 2 pounds dry rice noodles, fine strand*

*Tomoshiraga, Japanese-style alimentary paste, is a suitable substitute in dry form

Method

• Wash fish well, rubbing catfish hard. Rub with half fish sauce and salt. Boil in 5
pints water with whole chilies, and pressed fish or shrimp paste.
• Roast and powder the peanuts. Onions, garlic, and ginger may be pounded. Toast
rice and gram flours in a pan
• When fish is cooked enough to flake off easily, but before it disintegrates, turn
heat off. Take off meat and set aside. Pound bones well, put back into broth, and
mix. Strain broth carefully and keep.
• Heat 2/3 cup oil. Fry onion, garlic, and ginger till fragrant. Mix flaked fish with
turmeric, freeing it of bones; add to pot and cook well. Add strained broth. Mix
rice and gram flours to a paste and add to broth.
• Stir well to prevent sticking of paste. Bring to boil and add 4 pints water or
enough to have desired thickness of gravy. Add remaining fish sauce to taste.
• Peel 6 small onions. Remove outer layers of banana stem and cut rings from
tender insides. Put all in pot with lemon grass powder and simmer till onions and
banana stems are tender.

For small accompaniments:

• Hardboil the eggs. Peel large garlic bulb and cut evenly in small slices. Heat 1/2
cup oil; fry garlic golden. Drain into small dish and pour all but 3 tablespoons oil
over garlic.
• Reheat 3 table-spoons oil in pan and taking it off the fire, fry 2 teaspoons chili
powder to extract redness. Strain and keep this red oil. Peel and cut eggs into
sixths lengthwise.
• Just before serving, put cut eggs and red oil into pot, floating oil on top.
Meanwhile keep pot hot and prepare remaining accompaniments.
• Pound filleted fish in a lightly oiled mortar and pestle or in an electric blender,
removing any bones. When consistency is sticky, mix fish with a little salt and
form into flat pellets 2 inches in diameter.
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 77

• Heat remain-in 1/3 cup oil and fry pellets till brown. Slice them to 1/8 inch
thickness.
• If dry rice noodles are used, put them in fast-boiling water. When done, drain, run
cold water through, and keep cold.
• Cut lime wedges. Chop coriander finely. Pan roast 1/2 cup chili powder. Crisp
bean or other crackers are usually bought separately to accompany. See Assorted
Fries (Dish Id. 92) for kinds to use.
• Dish rice noodles onto a long serving platter. Put very hot curry in a big tureen,
fish slices on a salad plate, and crackers in a long dish.
• Place coriander and lime on small plates and chili powder and extra sauce in small
dishes.
• Serve in large soup dishes, putting in 1/2 cup noodles with 1 cup of curry on top,
including preferred accompaniments to taste. The crackers are either broken in
small pieces and mixed in or eaten on the side.

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 78

72)
72) rkefY[if
[if;cg;(3)
cg;(3) - auyD

tJ'D rkefY[if;cg; uawmh [oFmwcsufenf;/ uRefrwdkYaewJhem;rSm jrefrmqdkif r&dSawmh ready made


rkefY[if;cg;xkyfu 0,fpm;vdkYr&bl;/ aps;xJrSm 0,fvdkY &wmeJY tvG,fqHk; csufenf;eJY csuf&atmif/
jrpf0uRef;ay: &GmawGrSmawmh 'Dvdk csufpm;MuwmyJ/

vdktyfwmawGuawmh

(1) ig;cl MuD;MuD; ESpfaumif/


(2) qefrIefY tusuf ESpfusyfcGJom;cefY/
(3) pyg;vif/
(4) MuufoGefjzL? eD? csif;/

ig;cludk oefYpifatmifvkyfjyD; a& oHk; vDwmavmufxJudk pyg;vif? eEGif;rIefY? iefjym&nfeJYxnfhjyKwf/


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axmif;xm;wmeJY a&mjyD;qDowf? usuf&if azsmfxm;wJh qefrIefYudk avmif;xnfh arTay; /
ESpfrdepfavmuf arTjyD;&ifawmh ig;jyKwfa&udkxnfh/
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MumO xnfhcsufyg/t&omydk qdrfhygw,f/ [if;&nf ql&if rkefYzwfeJY pm;&HkygyJ/
(rSwfcsuf/ /awmcsufrQom)

Comment by KP : MumO qdkwm 'dDrSmawmh tJvdkac:wmyJ/ iSufaysmyifrSm tjrpfqHk&SdovdkrdsK;aygh/


oluvnf;Mumyif &JU tjrpf ajrMuD;atmufuae wl;,l&wmyJ/ tcGHroifcifrSmawmh &GHYawGeJY
vl;aeawmh tndKa&mifaygh/ tcGHrygwmu tjzLa&mif/ tcGHoifjyD;om; r0,fygeJY/
qm;pdrfjzpfaewwfw,f/ udk&D;,m; eJY *syefvdk iSufaysmtl &Smr&wJh ae&mrdsK;rSm tJ'DMumOudk
iSufaysmtltpm; xnfhcsufedkifygw,f/ olu ig;cleJYawGY&if t&omu xl;jcm;aumif;rGefygw,f/

MumO^MumqG,f
%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 79

73) aumf&nftvG,fcsufenf; – [efeDcsKd

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(1) 0ufom; 'grSr[kwf Muufom; Mudwfxm;jyD;om;
(2) csif;? MuufoGefjzL (axmif;xm;&ef)
(3) yJiefjym&nftMunf
(4) aumfrIefU (corn starch ) xrif;pm;ZGef;wpfZGef; - a&at;eJY a&marTxm;yg
(5) MuufOtum
(6) acgufqGJajcmuf – a&aEG;xJrSm pdrfxm;yg
(7) uefZGef;&Guf 'grSr[kwf rkefnif;

tkd;wpfvkH;xJrSm qDtenf;i,fxnfh ? qDqlvm&if axmif;xm;wJh csif;? MuufoGefjzL xnfh?


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yJiefjym&nfxnfhNyD; teUHarT;atmif cPxm;yg......
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rD;ydwfNyD; ylylaEG;aEG; okH;aqmifEkdifygNyD.....
bzkduf&JU MuufjrpfMuufonf;okyfav; ([if;csufenf;trSwf 56 - qDcsufacgufqGJ tqHk;ydkif;em;ukdk
Munhfyg) eJU wGJpm;&if &S,fyJ rESif;jzLa&...

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 80

74) 0ufom;wkwfxdk; – xxx

0ufom;wkwfxdk;udk qdkifawGub,fvdkvkyfvJ rodbl;/ uRefawmfvkyfpm;aeus vkyfenf;av;awmh


ajymjyr,fAsm/
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wpfcgaq;NyD;vQif ajymif;jyefvSefNyD; wpfcgxyfaq;yg/ qm;ESifhyGwfaq;yg/ tvG,fenf;uawmh
tdk;xJ&SdorQ tom;tukefxnfU qm;?[if;csKdrIefU?oMum;ESifh yJiHjym&nf xnfUe,fyg/
[if;csuft&ufxnfUNyD; cPodyfxm;vdkufyg/ NyD;awmh *sif;? MuufoGefjzLeJU emewfyGifhxnfUNyD;
rD;zdkay:wifxm;vdkufyg/ rD;at;at;ESifh tMumMuD;wnfyg/ qDuawmh olU[mol enf;enf;
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enf;enf; vuf0ifwJhenf;uawmh tdk;xJudk qDeJUoMum; tenf;i,fxnfUNyD; rD;zdkay:wifvdkufyg/
oMum;aysmfoGm;vsif tom;wkH;rsm;xnfhNyD; vdSrfhay;yg/ wpfwHk;csif;vdSrfhvdkuf q,fvdkufvkyfay;yg/

Q&A
Q by thantthanlay: udk xxx a&? 'kwd,enf;rSm tom;awGudk qm;? [if;csdKrIef h? yJiHjym&nf?
oBum;? [if;csuft&ufwdk heJ he,fjyD;rS vdSrfhay;&rSmvm;/ 'grSr[kwf vSdrfhjyD;rS yxrenf;twdkif;
vkyf&rSmvm;/ aus;Zl;yJAsdK h/ wkwfxdk;rpm;&wmBumjyDAs/
A by xxx- udkoefUoefUav; ar;xm;wmckrSawGUvdkUAsKdU pdwfr&SdeJUaemf/ ar;xm;wm MumawmifaeNyD/
tom;tm;vHk; t&omawGeJUe,fNyD;rS vSdrfh&rSmyg/ tJvdkvSdrfhwmu ta&mifydkvSw,f/
oMum;ta&mif&w,fav/ qDvnf; ydkygoGm;wmaygh/ 'gayr,fh qDawGtrsm;BuD;eJU vkyf&if jyKwfNyD;&if
qDt&rf;BuD;&TJaevdrfhr,f/ tJvdkqdk odyfpm;raumif;awmhbl;/ tDr,f/ qDtrsm;BuD;rxnfygeJU/
vSdrfhNyD;rS e,f&if udk,hfvufyg udk,fpm;vdkU&oGm;r,f/ usufoGm;vdkU/
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 81

NyD;rS tm;vHk;jyefpkNyD; tdk;tBuD;ESifh jyefjyKwfyg/ ta&mifydkvSygw,f/ tcsOftwGufuawmh i&kwfqDudk


a&aEG;enf;enf;? qm;? oMum;? refusnf;ESpf&nfwdkUjzifhazsmfyg/ MuufoGefjzL'g;jym;&kdufxnfUyg/ oHyk&moD;
n§pfyg? eHeHyifudk uwfaMu;jzifh n§yfxnfhyg/

rSwfcsuf/ vkyfrnfUyrmPay:rlwnfNyD; qm;? oMum;udk,fh[mudk,f rSef;xnfU&efjzpfygonf/ udk,fwdkifawmh


'Denf;eJUyJvkyfpm;ygw,f/ 'Dxufaumif;wJhenf;av;awG odwJholrsm; xyfajymay;ygOD;/

%%%%%%%%

75) &cdkifrkefYwD [if;&nfcsufenf; - a&T0g


vdktyfaomypönf;rsm; (10 a,mufpm)

1/ &cdkifrQifig;yd (2)usyfom;cefY (,ck plyg0rf;ukew


f dkufawGrSm ZD;csdKif&cdkifrQifig;ydqdkjyD;0,f&if&aeygjyD)
2/ ig;Muif; (30) om; (ig;a&T &edkif&if[if;&nfydkcsdKygw,f )
3/ MuufoGefjzL (2) usyfom;/ i½kwfaumif;aph 20 aphcefU
4/ rkefYwDzwf (1) ydóm/ yJaMumf ig;z,f
5/ eHeHyif (5)usyfom;? pyg;vif (2)yif? i½kwfoD;pdrf; (5) usyfom;?
6/ refusnf;rSnfh? &Smvum&nf tenf;i,fpD ..

i½kwfoD;pdrf;udkjyKwfjyD; &Smvum&nfpdrfxm;&ygr,f..

a&S;OD;pGm ig;udk pyg;vif xnfhjyD;jyKwfygr,f.. a&rxnfhygbl;.. ig;ua&xGufvdkYyg..


a&cef;oGm;&if tat;cHjyD; ig;tom;udkETifygr,f..tom;wHk;av;awG rausatmifETif&ygr,f..
taeawmftdk;wpfvHk;xJrS a& edkYqDAl; (10) vHk;xnfhjyD; ETifxm;aomig;? rQifig;ydwdkUxnfYjyD;
rD;jyif;jyif;eJYwnfygr,f.. em&D0ufcefUqljyD;vQif qm;? MuufoGefjzL? i½kwfaumif;aphawGudk
axmif;jyD;[if;&nftdk;xJxnfhygr,f.. tayghtiefjrnf;jyD; taeawmfvQif rD;avQmhvdkufyg/
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refusnf;oD;udk rkefYwD[if;&nfjzifh azsmfyg/
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tm;vHk;tqifoifhjyifjyD;vQif.. rdrdpdwfMudKuf &cdkifrkefYwD udk taMumf ig;z,f rdrdESpfouf&mxnfhjyD;


oHk;aqmifedkifygjyD&Sif..

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 82

76)
76) pawmfb,f&Dvufazsmf - wdkusKdzdkufwm

usL;ypfrSrrav;rsm; .... cspfESif;qD? ta0;? rdrd? rcspfpk? ESif;jzL? uGmpdr? *sydk;r? awavr
(r&Sdbl;xifw,f)? r&dk;&dk;av;... ponfjzifh rrav;wdkYtwGuf pawmfb,f&Dvufazsmf azsmfenf;av;
a&;vdkufygw,f... udk,fh&JY udkudk? armifarmif? oJav;awGudkazsmfay;Bunfhyg/

vdktyfaompm&if;ESifhjyifqifrI

1) pawmfb,f&D tvHk; (25^30) ygwpfjcif;^wpfyguif^wpfxkyf


(1.1) pawmfb,f&DoD;rStpdrf;a&miftn§mrsm;udkajcGía&aq;jyD;ppfxm;yg)
(1.2) yvyfpwpftdyf^BuGyfBuGyftdyfoefYoefYwckrSmpawmfb,f&DoD; rsm;xnfh
oBum;=xrif;pm;ZGef; (2) ZGef;? qm;=refusnf;aph (1^2) aphcefYxnfh? jyD;vQifraBuU
waMu&atmif vufjzifhzdn§pfBudwfay;yg (tcsdKav;&efqm;xnfhjcif;yg)? cGufwpfckrSm
4if;pawmfb,f&D raBuUwaBursm;udkxnfhxm;yg/
2) EGm;EdkYbl;wpfbl; (EGm;EdkY\tjypftusJ% 4.4%?3.6% &SdwJhEdkYbl;)
3) 'defcsOfwpfbl; (100% 'defcsOfbl;)
4) EkdYqDwpfbl;
5) a&cJwpfuwf
(a&cJrsm;udkaBuatmif bvef'g (odkY) MuGyfBuGyftdyfrSmxnfh t0wfwpfckxJrSm
xkyfí oHrHwvif;rSm&dkufjyD; aBuatmifacsxm;yg)

pawmfb,f&Dvufazsmf

1) wpfxGmcefY&SdwJh zefcGut f BunfrSm pawmfb,f&Dudk vufoHk;vHk;t&G,fxnfhyg/


2) 'defcsOf xrif;pm;ZGef;armufarmuf (2)ZGef; xnfhyg/
3) acsxm;wJh a&cJtaBursm; xnfhyg/
4) EGm;EdkYrsm;udk zefcGuf\ EIwfcrf;ab;rS tomt,majz;ajz;av; avmif;xnfhyg/
(zefcGufxJrSm wxyfcsif; jzpfaewmudk awGYjrif&ygr,f)
5) EdkYqD xrif;pm;ZGef; (2) ZGef; ^ udk,ftcsdKBudKufoavmuf xnfhyg/
6) zefcGuf\ t&Snfxuf ydk&SnfwJh pwD;ZGef;&Snfudk pdkufyg/
(ydkítjrifvSapcsif&if tpdrf;a&miftn§myg pawmfb,f&DoD;wvHk;eJY mint ? yl'DemeJYwlwJh
tpdrf;a&mift&Gufwpf&Gufwifyg? tcsdKtenf;trsm;twGuf oBum; (odkY) oBum;&nf
udkrdrdESpfoufovdk xnfhEkdifygw,f)

c&pfprwfrSm pawmfb,f&Dcspfonf;&Sifav;rsm;jzpfEdkifBuygapvdkY/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 83

77)
77) tkef;EdkYausmufausmESifYa&cJ
a&cJokwf - rcspfpk

vdktyfrnfhypönf;rsm;

ausmufausmvkyf&if oMum;&nfESifh a& pkpkaygif; EdkUqDcGuf (8) cGufxnhf&w,fvdkh ajymMuw,f/


1/ ausmufausmrIefY txkyfao; ( w,fvDzkef;wHqdyf ac: agar agar powder) (udk&Gmpm;ajymwJh
agar agar stick eJYvnf;&w,fxifw,f)
2/ oMum; (25) *&rf
3/ tkef;EdkY wpfAl; (tkef;oD;udkqdkifrSmjcpfjyD; tkef;EdkYn§pf&ifawmh t&omydkaumif;wmaygh)

jyKvkyfenf;

yxrqHk; ausmufausmfrIefYudk yef;uefvHk;xJxnfhjyD; a&tenf;i,fjzifh t&ifazsmfyg/ tkef;EdkYudkazsmufjyD;


a& tenf;i,fxnhfum tkef;EdkYt&ifMudKyg/ rD;zkday:wGif a& EdkYqDcGuf (3) cGuf avmufxnhfum
qlvmonftxdwnfyg/ a&qlvm&if oMum; (25) *&rfudk xnhf&if;arTay;yg/ oMum;rsm;
aysmfoGm;vQif vufusefEdkYqDcGuf (5) cGufudkxnfh? qlvmvQif azsmfxm;aom ausmufausmudkxnhfjyD;
a,mufrjzifhtqufrjywfarTyg/ qlvmvQif MudKxm;aom tkef;EdkYudkxnhfjyD; qufarTyg/ (15) rdepf
em&D0uf MumvQif qlvmaom ausmufausm&nfudk yef;ueftao;xJwGifxnhfum cJrcJ
prf;oyfMunhfyg/ tqifajyvQif rD;ydwfum ausmufausmAef;xJodkY xnhfjyD; tat;cHxm;vdkuf&HkygyJ/
tylavsmhoGm;&ifawmh a&cJaowÅmxJtat;cHxm;Edkifw,f/ nvkyf&if reufavmufqdk "g;eJYvSD;jyD;
pm;vdkuf&HkyJ/ wu,fvdkha&cJokyfxJxnhfcsif&ifvnf; &ao;w,f/ yg;yg;vSD;jyD;xnfhpm;/ *Gwf&S,fyJ/

a&cJok
oyk fvk
vyk fenf; (tvG,fwul)

1/ ckeu ausmufausm yg;yg;vSD;


2/ tkef;EdkY eJY oMum; MudK&if a&cJokyftwGufygxnhfMudK (tkef;EdkY 2Al;? oMum; 50 *&rf)
3/ aygifrkefY (wpfxkyfqdk rsm;awmifaejyD )
4/ omulaphxkyf (1xkyf) (omulapYudk a&eJYaq;jyD; yef;uefvHk;xJxnfh jyD;&if a&aEG;qlqludk
omulzkH;&Hkxnfh cPav;xm;vdkuf&if omul&jyD)
5/ tarT;teHYxnfhcsif&if qdkifawGrSma&mif;w,f (udkauqDrSm&Sdr&Sdawmhrodbl; )
ykvif;ao;ao;av;awGeJY teHYrsdK;pHk&Sdw,f/ tJhwmav;udk wpufavmufxnhf&ifyJ tawmfarT;w,f/
6/ a&cJwHk;
7/ aumufn§if;uawmh aumufn§if; wpfcGufavmufudk a&aq;jyD; xrif;csufovdk
xrif;aygif;tdk;eJYcsufvnf; &ygw,f/ wu,fvdkY rD;eJYcsuf&ifawmh a&tcsdeftqrxnfhwwf&if
aysmhoGm;r,f/ xrif;tdk;xJ xrif;csufovdk 'gr,fh a&enf;enf; ydkxnhfjyD;csufvdkufyg/ aumuf
n§if;vnf; &jyD/
8/ aq;ukvm;ruawmh &Sdawmh&Sdw,f? 'gayr,fh wcgrSrvkyfzl;ao;bl;/ ar;xm;ygOD;r,f
b,fvdkvkyf&w,fqdkwm/
uJpm;cgeD;usawmh tJhwmawGtm;vHk;udk yef;uefxJxnfhjyD; pm;&HkyJ/ vG,fovm;rar;eJY/
csdKcsdKMudKuf&if oMum;&nfrsm;rsm;xnfh/ pdrfhpdrfhMudKuf&if tkef;EdkYrsm;rsm;xnfh/ jzpfovdka&cJokyfaygh/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 84

78)
78) a&TawmifacgufqGJ - wdkusKdzdkufwm

jrefrmEdkifiHjyifywGif a&muf&SdaeBuaom usL;ypfrSarmif^r,fwdkYtwGuf udk,fhEdkifiH tvGrf;ajy


pm;aomufzG,f&m csufenf;jyKwfenf;av;rsm;udk wwfrSwfodoavmuf wifjyay;cJhonfrsm;wGif
jrefrmht&omESifh xyfwlxyfrQ rudkufnDEdkifbJ vdktyfcsuf csdKU,Gif;csufrsm; &SdEdkifygojzifh? &SdcJhyg
u tjypfawmfrjrifbJ cGifhvTwfawmfrlBuygcifAsm ..............
'DrSmuawmh om;ig;tukefeD;yg;avmufu a&aq;oefYpifjyD;? ckwfxpfydkif;jzwfjyD;? t&dk;wjcm;
tom;wjcm;? tom;oyfoyf? t½kd;oyfoyftom;t½kd;wGJvQuf? ponfjzifh azghbl;rSmxnfh
yvyfpwpftBunfeJYxkwfydk;a&mif;cswmqdkawmh? tcsdefukef awmfawmfoufomygw,f? bef;ausmfrS
usL;ypfrsm; taeeJYawmh b,fvdkaer,f rodbl;?udk,fhajrudk,fha&rSm udk,fpm;csifwm udk,f&aeBuwJh
twGuf? aemufqHk; qdkifudkoGm;jyD;pm;&ifvnf; jzpfaeBuawmh? odyftvkyf&IyfcH acgif;t&IyfcHjyD;
tdrfrSmcsufjzpfBuvdrfhr,f rxifbl; ....tJ...tmvl;ay;wmvnf; ... enf;enf;rsm;oGm;jyD
a&TawmifacgufqGJqdkjyD;... tmvl;[if;csufaew,fvdkY xifaeBuOD;r,f uJ... udk xxx a&... tudkav;
tBudkuf a&TawmifacgufqGJ wifvdkufygjyD? rwl&ifjzifh zdkufawmifacgufqGJvdkYomac:vdkufygawmh ....

vdktyfaompm&if;ESifhjyifqifjcif;

1) Buufom; (500) *&rf? Buufjrpf (150) *&rf? BuufoJ (150) *&rf


(vufn§dK;\yxrtqpft&G,fcefY) twHk;ao;ao;av;rsm; &atmifvSD;jzwfwHk;? qm; =
vufzuf&nfZGef; (2) ZGef;? yJiefjym&nftBunf = xrif;pm;ZGef; (1) ZGef;? iefjym&nf =
xrif;pm;ZGef; (1) ZGef;? xnfhíe,fxm;yg/
2) MuufoGefeDOBuD; = (4) vHk;? BuufoGefjzLO = (10) jrTm? csif; = vufrt&G,f (2) wHk;
BuufoGefeD (2) vHk; + BuufoGefjzL (7) jrTm+ csif; (1) wHk;wdkYudk 'g;jzifhEkyfEkyfpOf;^
i½kwfqHkjzifhaxmif;^bmvif'gjzifhBudwfxm;yg? qDoyf&eftwGuf/ usefBuufoGefeD (2) vHk;udk
yg;yg;vDS;í a&pdrfxm;yg? tokyfxJxnfh&ef/ usefBuufoGefjzLO (3) jrTm + csif; (1) wHk;udk
'g;jym;½kdufxm;yg? [if;csdKtwGuf/
3) Buuf½kd; (250) *&rf
4) tkef;EdkY (1) bl;
5) eHeHyif (1) pnf;
6) acgufqGJtBuGyfaBumf (1) xkyf
7) acgufqGJtpdk
8) yJrIefUtusufrIefY

pwifcsufjyKwfjcif;

rD;zdkESpfzdkwGJvQuf&SdvQif ydktqifajyygw,f? wzufrSm[if;csdKtdk;udk wnfxm;&if;jzifh wzufuzdkrSm


csufp&m&SdwmawGudk csufEdkifvdkYyg/
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 85

Buuf&dk; [if;csdK

1) t0tus,f (24) pifwDrDwm (vuftxGm wpfxGmESifhvufav;vHk;) aZmufteuf (26) pifwDrDwm


(vuftxGm wpfxGmESifh vufig;vHk;cefY) &Sdtdk;xJrSm Buuf&dk;rsm;+ 'g;jym;&dkufxm;wJhcsif;+
BuufoGefjzl + a& (5)vDwm? qm; = xrif;pm;ZGef;^pm;yGJwifZGef; (2) ZGef;? tcsdKrIefY =
vufzuf&nfazsmfZGef; (1) ZGef; xnfhí qlyGufatmif jyKwfyg/
2) jyKwfonfhtcsdefrSm qlyGufí tay:odkYwufvmaom tndKa&miftjrKyfrsm;udk cyfí z,fxkwfay;yg?
4if;tjrKyfrsm; tenf;i,fom&SdawmhvQif tdk;tzHk;udk tenf;i,f[jyD; zHk;tkyfí [if;csdKtdk;udk
rD;rQOf;rQOf;jzifh qufwnfxm;yg/

Buufom;[if;

1) ',ftdk;rSmqDudk qefjcif^csdefaomaumfcGuf (2) cGufxnfhí tylay;yg? qDylvQif


vDS;axmif;Budwfxm;wJh BuufoGefeDrsm;xnfh aBumfarTyg? tenf;i,fEGrf;í eDndKa&mifav;oef;vQif
eEGif;=vufzuf&nfZGef;\wpf0uf? i½kwfoD;ta&mifwifrIefY=xrif;pm;ZGef; wpfZGef;armufarmuf?
jikyfoD;tpyfrIefY=xrif;pm;ZGef;\ w0uf xnfhí arTaBumfyg/
(vSD;axmif;Budwfxm;wJh BuufoGefeDrsm; = BuufoGefeD+ BuufoGefjzl+ csif;)
2) BuufoGefESifh i½kwfoD;rIefY? eEGif;wdkY a&morí eDndKa&mifjzpfvQif iefjym&nfxrif;pm;ZGef; (1)
ZGef;xnfharTyg? 4if;aemuf Buufom;rsm;udk xnfhaBumfyg/ tdk;xJrSm Buufom;rsm;wzspfzspfESifh
toHjrnfjyD; tom;pdrf;a&mifaysmufcsdef rSm a&udkqefjcifaumfcGufjzifh (2) cGufxnfhí arTay;jyD;
tzHk;tkyfí qDjyefwJhtxd wnfyg?qDjyef&if rD;zdkay:rScsí xm;yg/
3) Buufom;[if;tdk;xJrS qDrsm;udkcyfí cGuftvGwfrSmxnfhyg? usef&SdwJhBuufom;[if;eJYtESpfrsm;udk
aBuG&nfokwftdk;^yvyfpwpfaumfbl;xJrSm xnfhyg/
Buufom;[if;csufwJhtcgrSm BuufoGefrsm;udk EGrf;&Rfajcmufí eDndka&mifjzpfcsdef (wl;onfhtajctae
r[kwfyg) usrS Buufom;rsm;udkxnfhjyD; aBumfcsufyg ...

tkef;EdkYusdKjcif;

1) oifhawmfwJh tdk;tao;wpfckrSm vufzuf&nftcsdKyef;uef wpfvHk;pma&xnfhí qlyGufatmifwnfyg?


a&qlvQif tkef;EdkYbl; azgufxnfhjyD; usdKyg? a&ESifhtkef;EdkYwdkYoratmif? tkef;EdkYrsm; a0rusatmif
opfom;a,mufrjzifh (5^6) rdepfcefY wqufwnf; arTusdKjyD;vQif zdkay:rScsí
aZmufyef;ueftvGwf^ aBuG&nfokwf tdk;ao;xJ vS,fxm;yg/
tkef;EdkYu ryspfrusJqkdtaeawmfygyJ? tkef;EdkYodyfjypfae&if a&aEG;tenf;i,f a&myg? a&at;eJY
ra&m&/
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 86

acgufqGJtBuGyfaBumf

1) aBumfxm;wJh acgufqGJtBuGyfaBumfudk csdKif;em;awmif;u w½kwfukefpHkqdkifawGrSm &Edkifygw,f?


'DuusL;ypfrsm; plygeJYukefwdkufrsm;rSma&mif;wJh kata yaki soba acgufqGJBuGyfaBumfxkyfudk oHk;yg?
2) udk,fwdkifaBumfcsif&ifjzifh rjyKwf&ao;wJh acgufqGJ(*sHKrIefYrsm;uyfaeaom)tpdkudk aBumfí &ygw,f?
acgufqGJrsm;udk 'g;^uwfaBu;jzifh tenf;i,fjzwfjyD;zGxm;yg? ',ftdk;rSmqDylatmifwnfjyD;aBumfyg?
acgufqGJrsm;BuGyfyGí qDay:odkYay:wufvm&if q,f,ljyD;qDppfyg? at;vQif acgufqGJ
tBuGyfaBumfrsm;udk teJi,fajcrGay;jyD; aumfbl;xJrSmxnfhxm;yg ....
3) acgufqGJajcmuftxkyfrS acgufqGJajcmufudkvnf; aBumfEdkifygw,f
(acgufqGJajcufrsm;udk aBumfaumif;atmif teJi,fajcí qDylylwGifaMumfyg? MuGyfyGvdkY
qDay:odkYay:wufvmwmeJY csufcsif;q,f,lqDppfyg) (wl;Edkifí)
taumif;qHk;uawmhtrSwf(1)u tqiftajyqHk;ygyJ? csdefukefoufom an§mfeHY reH aomaBumifh/

acgufqGJtpdk

qDcsufacgufqGJvkyfenf;rSm wifay;xm;wJhtwdkif; jzpfygw,fcifAsm/([if;csufenf;trSwf 56 udkMunhf)

tm;vHk;jyD;pD;&RfacgufqGJyGJjyifawmhr,fqdk&if

1) tdk;tao;wpfckrSm Buufom;[if; a,mufcsdKZGef;jzifh (5) ZGef;? BuufjyKwf[if;csdK&nf a,mufcsdKZGef;


(5) ZGef;xnfhí a&marTjyD; tenf;i,f tylay;jyD;aemuf aZmufyef;uefvGwfwpfckrSm xnfhxm;yg/
2) aZmufyef;uefxJrSm
1. acgufqGJ
2. pyfxm;wJh Buufom;[if; (xrif;pm;ZGef; 2ZGef;^3ZGef;armufarmuf)
3. tkef;EdkY ( xrif;pm;ZGef; 1ZGef;^2ZGef;armufarmuf )
4. yJrIefUtusufrIefY (vufzuf&nfZGef; 1ZGef;^2ZGef; )
5. BuufoGefeDESifh eHeHyif
6. Buufom;[if;xJrS cyfxm;aomqD tenf;i,fqrf;
7. tay:rS acgufqGJtBuGyfaBumfjzL;
xnfhyg /
3) pm;yGJay:rSm vdktyf&ifxnfh&atmif...... yJrIefYtusufrIefY? iefjym&nf? i½kwfavSmfrIefY?
oHyk&m^a&SmufoD;pdyfrsm;? tkef;EdkY? acgufqGJtBuGyfaBumf wdkYudk yef;ueftao;av;rsm;eJYxnfhjyD;
wifxm;yg? Buuf½kd;jyKwf [if;csdK ylyludk [if;&nfaomufyef;uefvHk;xJrSmxnfh?
BuufoGefeJYeHeHyiftenf;i,fxnfh? i½kwfaumif;rIefYjzL;? acgufqGJtBuGyfaBumf tenf;i,fcyfjyD;
wifxm;jyD;&if oHk;aqmifEdkifBuygjyDcifAsm .......

wpfa,mufeJYwpfa,muf tBudKufjcif;rwlEdkifvdkY tom;? [if;&nf? tayghtief? tcsOftpyf? tenf;


trsm;udk 'DxJrSmwifxm;wJhtwdkif; twdtusxnfh&r,fvdkY rqdkvdkyg? vdkwdk;ydkavQmh Edkifygw,f......

25.03.2007
16 em&D 38 rdepf(wdkusdK )
%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 87

79)
79) oBuFefxrif; (1) - twmarmiftkef;

itkef;wdkU i,fi,fwkef;u oBuFefxrif; qdkwm pm;zl;ygoAs../ itkef; aygufp b0wkef;u


bGm;atBuD; u oBuFefqdk csufvdkUauR;wm/ tckvdk oBuFefeJU a0;ae&wJhtcsdefrSm tvGrf;ajy
csufpm;Mu&if aumif;oaygh udk&if/ odkUaywJh itkef;u i,fi,fwkef;uyJ pm;zl;wm qdkawmh
rcsufwwfbl;As.. (tr,f.. jrnf;vdkUr&wm vnf;ygygw,faemf..)/

trSwftom;&dSwJh usL;ypfrrrsm; od&ifvnf; csufenf; jyKwfenf;av; &S,fay;MuygOD;/


csufrpm;jzpfaomfrS &dk;&m csufenf;jyKwfenf; wpfct
k aeeJU rSwfom;Mu&atmif/

itkef; rSwfrdwmu xrif;eJU a&eJUAs./ ig;ajcmufzkwfav; rGrGaxmif;NyD; pm;&wm/ ig;ajcmufu ig;&HU


ajcmufvm; ig;nd§KUajcmuf vm; rodbl;/ yJqDarT;arT; qrf;xm;w,f/ xl;jcm;wmu xrif;udk qrf;wJh
a&As/ a&oif; vdkUac:w,f/ ysm;za,mif;av;eJU oif;xm;wm/ (eHUomjzLvnf; ygw,f/
tkwfeDcJvnf; ygw,f/ awmfawmf aygufayguf&Sm&Sm vkyfvnf;vkyfwwfwJh bGm;atBuD;)
xifwmuawmhAsm eHUomjzLudk xif;aygufuav;awG aygufNyD; rD;½IdUw,f/ tJ'DrD;eJU ysm;za,mif;udk
t&nfaysmfatmif vkyfw,f/ ysm;za,mif; za,mif;pufav;awGudk (w½kwfodkif;um;xJuvdk
]rnfodkUrnfyHk vkyfvdkufonf rod..}) tJ'Daemuf tm;vHk;udk ajrtdk;oefUoefUeJU tkyfxm;vdkufw,f/
rD;aowJhtxd/ tJ'Dawmh tJ'D ajrtkd;av;u ysm;za,mif;eHU? eHUomjzLeHU oif;oGm;a&m.. tJ'DxJrSm
nodyfa&udk xnfhxm;wm/ trav; zGm;atBuD;&,f/ BuHBuHzefzefY./ tJ'DxJu a&uav;u
w,fvnf; arT;oudk;/ tJ'Da&udk xrif;ay:avmif;.. ig;ajcmufaxmif; rGrGav;eJU pm;&wm/
oBuFefxrif;wJh Asm;/

udk&ifwdkU itkef;wdkUawmh 'Dvdk xrif;rsdK;eJU rudkufygbl;/ ig;ajcmufrGaMumfawG tm;vHk;


xrif;rusufcifrSm tjrnf;b0 a&mufukefrSm aocsmoaygh/

tcka&;ae&if;eJU *&if;&GdKif&,fxJudk &dk;&dk;a& ra&mbJ a&oif;av; a&mvdkU aomuf&if b,fvdkaervJ


awG;aerdygoAs/ [J[J/

Comment by xxx: udk&iftkef;a& uRefawmf armfvNrdKifudk oGm;vnfwkef;u oli,fcsif;


wpfa,muf tdrfu oBuFefxrif;csufauR;w,fAs/ xrif;ay:qrf;wJha&u
za,mif;wkdufxm;w,fajymwmyJ t&rf;arT;w,fAs/ [if;twGJtpyfuawmh ig;&HUajcmufudk
jyKwfaxmif;NyD; MuufoGefeDeJUjyefaMumfxm;wm&,f/ o&ufoD;okyf&,f/
[if;csKdylylav;vnf;ygao;w,f/ aemufwkdUp&mu yJwDyifaygufcsOfvm;rodbl;/
b,fvdkvdkufrSef;rodygbl;Asm olUt&yfpmrdkUvkdUvm;awmhrodbl;/ pm;aumif;csuf/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 88

80)
80) oBuFefxrif; (2) – reign

oBuFefNyD;rSyJ'gudkawGYawmYw,f oBuFefNyD;oGm;ayr,fYvnf; oBuFefxrif;qdkwm b,ftcsdef


vkyfpm;pm;&wmrdkY odwJhenf;av;aNymNyrvm;vdkY? udk,fwdkifawmYwpfcgrSrcsufzl;bl;? olrsm;csufwm
Nrifzl;oavmuf Nyefa&;NyrvdkYaemf? csufpm;csifwJYvlawGcsufpm;vdkY&atmif? raumif;&ifawmh
csufwJYvl&JYwm0efomNzpfygaBumif;

yxrqHk;u xrif;yg? oBuFefxrif;taeeJYpm;r,fqdk 'Dwkdif;xrif;tdk;xJuxrif;udk vkyfpm;vdkYr&ygbl;


aygif;tdk;ESifYwnfwmxuf a&iSJYNyD;wnfxm;wJYxrif;uydkaumif;w,fvdkYaNymBuw,f? bmeJYyJwnfwnf
usufNyDqdk&if Zum 'grSr[kwf taygufao;ao;av;awGyJygwJY b,fvdkrsdK;eJYrqdk (armfvûrdifrSmawmY
ESD;awmif;udk oHk;wmawGYzl;w,f) xrif;udk a&aq;&ygw,f xrif;vHk;awGruyfaeatmifyg tJ'gNyD;&if
tJ'DZumxJrSmyJ a&ppfxm;vdkufyg/

aemufrygrNzpft&mwpfcku ig;aNcmufaxmif;aBumfaygh/ armfvûrdifbufrSmawmY ig;uGef;&Syfudk


oHk;Buw,f? usefwJYig;aNcmufeJYvnf; &r,fvdkYxifygw,f yxrqHk; ig;aNcmufudk ûywfyg
t&rf;El;oGm;atmif ûywfp&mrvdkwm&,f? tJ'Da&awGcef;oGm;atmifvnf; ûywf&rSmrdkY a&enf;enf;qdk
&ygNyD tJ'gNyD;&if ig;aNcmufudkaxmif;&ygw,f (i½kwfqHkr&dSvnf; BudKufwmeJYom ausoGm;atmif
vkyfvdkufyg t"du u ausoGm;zdkYyJ ) BuufoGefeDudkyg;yg;vSD;xm; NyD;&ifqDrsm;rsm;eJY
enf;enf;EGrf;oGm;atmifaBumfvdkufyg tckaBumfvdkufwJY BuufoGefeDaBumfu o&ufoD;okyf twGufyg
ygygw,f? uRwfwJYxdaBumfzdkYrvdkbl;? tJ'gNyD;&if qDppfZumay:rSmwifxm;vdkufNyD; ig;aNcmuf
paBumfvdkY&ygNyD? tayghtiefuawmY udk,fBudKufovdkaygh qm;xnfYwmxuf iefNym&nf aumif;aumif;
udkoHk;Buw,f? ig;aNcmufudkuRwf&GaewJYtxd aBumf&rSmyg? ig;aNcmufudk,fvdkcsifwJh taeavmuf
a&mufNyDqdk ckeu BuufoGefeDawGudkxnfYNyD; enf;enf;arTvdkuf&if oBuFefxrif;twGuf r&dSrNzpf
ig;aNcmufaxmif;aBumf&ygNyD atmf arhvdkY i½kwfoD; t&SnfawmifYudk aBumfxm;NyD; tJ'gav;yg
xnfYarTvdkufyg/

aemufwpfcku za,mif;oif;a&yg eHYomvnf;ygygw,f za,mif;wkdiftwdkav;wpfacsmif;&,f


eHYomjzL&,fvdkygw,f? atmufcHuawmYcyfoefYoefYrD;ravmifr,fY bmudkrqdkoHk;vdkY&ygw,f
(atmufubmcHvkyfvnf;aocsmrrSwfrdawmYbl;) za,mif;wdkifwdkav;udkatmufcHwpfckckay: pdkufvkdufNyD;
eHYomwHk;av;awGudk rD;pGJatmifvkyfay;NyD;awmY eHYomrSmrD;pGJNyDqdk&if aNrtdk;oefYoefYav;wpfvHk;udk tJ'DrD;
½IdUxm;wmawGay: tkyfvkdufNyD;&if &ygNyD rD;Nidrf;avmufNyDqdkwJYtcsdefus&if (b,ftcsdefrD;Nidrf;rvJvdkY
cPcP vSefrBunfYygeJY pdwfrSef;eJYBudKwGufxm;yg) tdk;udkvSefvdkufNyD; a&avmif;xnfYvdkufyg
'guawmY za,mif; eHYomeHYarT;aewJYa&yg

aemufqHk;wpfcku o&ufoD;okyfyg? yHkrSeftdrfawGrSmokyfpm;aeBuo&ufoD;okyfygyJ


o&ufoD;udk NcpfNyD; BuufoGefaBumf qDcsuf ykZGefaNcmufrIefY qm; tcsdKrIefY iefNym&nf
xnfhjyD;e,fvdkuf½kHygyJ/

'gqdk&if oBuFefxrif;&ygNyD ckeaq;xm;wJY xrif;enf;enf;ay:udk za,mif;oif;a&arT;arT;av;qrf;NyD;


ig;aNcmufaBumf o&ufoD;okyfeJYpm;vdkY&ygNyD&Sif

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 89

81)
81) 0ufeH&dk;aygif;acgufqGJ - rcspfpk

'ufpdef twGuf pyg&S,f 0ufeH&dk;aygif;acgufqGJudk tpfrjzpfol cspfpkpdefrS oMuFefvufaqmif/


(pm;raumif;&ifawmh rodbl;aemf/ wwfoavmufrSwfoavmuf)

vdktyfaomypönf;rsm;
1/ 0ufeH&dk; (2) uDvdk
2/ acgufqGJajcmuf (rice noodle)
3/ MuufoGefjzL? csif;? ESrf; (vdktyfoavmuf)

pwifcsufjyKwfenf;/
0ufeH&dk;udk a&jzifhaq;yg? jyD;vQif qm;? tcsdKrIefY? yJiefjym&nfjzifh e,fxm;yg/ MuufoGefjzL ESifh
csif;udk "g;jym;ESifh&dkufyg/ t&G,fawmf 'eftdk;xJodkY a&xnhfjyD; wnfyg/ (pressure cooker &SdvQif
ydktqifajy ygw,f) a&qlvmvQif MuufoGefjzLESifh csif;udkxnfhjyD; yGufvmygu 0ufeH&dk;udkxnfhyg/
a&udk eH&dk;zHk;onftxdxnhfjyD; rD;enf;enf;jzifhwnfyg/ tenf;qHk; wpfem&D (odkY) ESpfem&D
avmufwnf&ygr,f/ qm;? tcsdKrIefYudk vdkoavmufxnfhyg/ 0ufeH&dk;xJrS tcsdK&nfrsm;xGufvmum
t&dk;El;onftxdwnfyg/ tJhwmrS t&om&SdwJh eH&dk;aygif;&rSmjzpfygw,f/ 0ufeH&dk;aygif;xJodkY
ESrf;axmif;qDusufxnfhygu teHydkarT;jyD; pm;vdkY ydkaumif;ygw,f/

qDusufvkyf&ef/ qD (10)usyfom;avmufudk usufatmifwnfyg/ jyD;vQif rD;zdkay:ucsum


avSmfxm;jyD;om; ESrf;udk rauswausaxmif;um qDudk ESrf;axmif;xJodkY xnfhvdkufygu
ESrf;axmif;qDusuf&ygjyD/

acgufqGJudkawmh a&cPpdrfyg? jyD;vQifjyKwfxm;yg/ 0ufeH&dk; El;vmygu acgufqGJjyKwfxJodkY


0ufeH&dk;ESifh ESrf;axmif;qDusuftenf;i,fxnfhum oHk;aqmifEdkifygjyD/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 90

82) 'efayguf – [efeDcsKd

[efeDcsufwJh tvG,fenf;ukdajymr,faemf..
'efaygufcsufzkdUqefukd rsm;aomtm;jzifh Indian awGa&mif;wJhqkdifrSm0,fwmykdaumif;ygw,f..
oluqefaMum&SnfNyD; tcsufcHvkdUyg.. tJ'D IndianqkdifawGrSm 'efaygufcsufzkdU
Muufom;[if;tESpfa&mif;wJh txkyfav;awG&Sdygw,f.. tJ'Dh[if;tESpf? MuufoGefeD? 'defcsOf? Muufom;?
qDtenf;i,f ukda&me,fNyD;&if Muufom;[if; csufvkdU&ygNyD/
(Muufom;u supermarketawGu arG;jrLa&;Muufu t&omr&Sdwwfbl;... Chinese supermarket
awGrSm Muuftaumifvkduf0,fvkdU&w,f.. 'gayrJh ukd,fhtoufxufrsm;MuD;aervm;rodbl;.. awmfawmf
Mumatmifcsuf&w,f..)

xrif;twGufuawmh rD;zkdeJUcsufEkdif&iftaumif;qkH;yg.. 'grSr[kwf rice cooker eJUcsuf&if


csufaeusxufa&ukd avQmhxnfUyg.. NyD;awmh a&rcef;cifrSm pyspfoD;ajcmuf? oD[kdVfaph eJU
axmywfenf;enf;xnfhNyD; arTyg..xrif;usuf&if Aef;xJjzefUxnfh? tay:u Muufom;eJU
[if;tESpfqrf; ? xrif;xyfjzL; ..Muufom;wpfxyf.. xrif;wpfxyfjzpfatmifvkyfyD;
oven xJrSm 325 'D*&DeJU 20 rdepfavmufxm;&if pm;vkdU&ygNyD..

tcsOfuawmh ... o&ufoD;oeyf? aemufwpfrsKd;u MuufoGefeDyg;yg;vSD;? ocGg;oD;? i½kwfoD;pdrf;?


ylwDeH&Gufukd qm;? tcsKdrIefU? oHy&m&nf n§pfNyD;awmhvnf; okH;aqmifEkdifygw,f ...

ukd,fhzmomukd,f tprf;csufMunfUwm pm;vkdU&om;yJ.. 'Dxufaumif;wJhenf;&Sd&ifvnf;ajymMuygaemf..

'guawmh innwa.com xJu &wJY'efaygufcsufenf;yg/

Ingredients

2 tsp. Salt
1/8 tsp. Ground turmeric (yellow powder)
1 Whole chicken, 1 1/2 kg, cut into 8 pieces
1/4 cup Corn or Peanut oil
Rice 8 Cardamom pods
1/4 tsp Ground turmeric (yellow powder)
2 tsp Paprika or chili powder
1 tbsp Garam masala
1 tsp Ground cumin seed
1 Cinnamon stick, 3 inches long
1 tsp Salt
4 cups Rice, washed
5 cups Homemade chicken broth
1 cup Crispy fried onions
2 cups Plain yogurt
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 91

1 cup Green peas


1/2 cup Dark raisins
1 tsp. Whole saffron, soaked in 2 tbsp. of warm water (for yellow color)
Salad
1 cup Thin-sliced onions, rinsed with cold water & drain
1/2 cup Fresh mint leaves (Pusi-Nan)
3 Hot small green chilies (green pepper)
3 tbsp. Fresh lime juice
1/2 tsp.Salt

Instructions

* Mix salt & turmeric together, rub into chicken, and let stand for 15 minutes.
* Heat the oil in a skillet & brown the chicken on both sides over moderate heat for 5
minutes.
* Remove chicken & set aside.
* Heat the same oil in a large pan and add cardamom, turmeric, paprika, garam masala,
cumin seed, cinnamon and salt. Stir-fry for 1 minute, add rice, and stir-fry over
moderate heat for 2 minutes more.
* Add the chicken broth, bring to a boil, and cover the pan.
* Reduce heat to low & simmer for 7 minutes to half-cook the rice.
* Add the chicken, crispy onions, yogurt, green peas, raisins and saffron. Mix everything
together, cover the pan, and cook slowly over low heat for 30 to 40 minutes.
* Do not stir the mixture during this time
but shake the pan back & forth several times so that sauce will not stick to pan.
* Dan bauk can also be baked in the oven rather than on top of the stove. When all the
ingredients are mixed together, cover the pan and bake in a 325 F. oven for 30 to 40
minutes.
* For the salad, mix all the ingredients together just before serving.
* Serve chicken and rice warm with light soup and with the Dan Bauk Salad & Indian
mango pickle.
* Serve 8.

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 92

83) qDxrif; - auyD

wpfcgwav qDxrif;av;vkyfpm;&atmif/ vG,fvG,fav;yg/ vdkwmav;awGuawm h-


aumufn§if;qef? qD? MuufoGefeD? ykZGefajcmufrIefY? csif;? qm;? eEGif; &Sd&if &ygjyD/

pjyDaemf/ aumufn§if;udk a&aq;jyD; a&ppfxm;/ ',ftdk;rSm MuufoGefeDudk yg;yg;vDS;jyD; qDusufcsuf/


ta&miftwGuf eEGif; oifh&Hkxnfh/ MuufoGefeD MuGyf&if tzwfawGudk oyfoyfq,fxm;?
csif;xnfhaMumf/ csif;EGrf;oGm;&if aumufn§if;qefeJ hqm;udk xnfh? oratmifarT/ a&jrKyfatmifxnfh/
tzHk;tkyfxm;yg/ a&cef;vdkY aumufn§if;reyfao;&if a&aEG;xyfzsef;jyD; txufatmuf vSefay;/
aumufn§if;eyfjyDqdk&if ykZGefajcmufrIefYav;&,f? MuufoGefaMumfav;&,fjzL;jyD; abmf'gawGeJ h
t&om&Sd&Sdpm;ayawmh/

Comment by xxx : enf;enf;0if&TD;vdkufr,f/ uRefawmfqDxrif;xdk;&if tkef;EdkUAl;xJu


tkef;EdkUeJUoMum;enf;enf;yg xnfUNyD;xdk;w,fAs/ csKdcsKdpdrhfpdrhfav;aygh/ aemuf t&D;awmif;
qwfom;ajcmufzkwfudk qDav;prf;NyD; wGJpm;vdkuf/ tkef;oD;&&if tkef;oD;jcpfNyD;xnfUpm;
ydkawmifaumif;ao;Asm/

%%%%%%%%

84)
84) jrd
jrdwfuwfaMu;udkuf (odkY)
rav;&Sm;acgufqGJaMumf
umf (1) – nna1981

1/ eef;jym;qefacgufqGJ (500) *&rf(txkyfay:rSma&;xm;wmaemf)


2/ a*:zDxkwf wpfxkwf
3/ 0ufom;Mudwfom; (odkY) Muufom;? (0ufom;uydkaumif;w,f) (1.5) aygif
4/ i½kwfoD;rIefY (ta&mifwifrIefY r[kwfyg)
5/ yJyifayguf
6/ MuufOESpfvkH;

1) yxrqkH; 0ufom;udk MuufoGefjzLjcpfjyD; e,fjyD;teYHowfyg/ qm;? [if;csdKrIefY xnfhyg/ uRefawmf


yJiefjym&nf tMunfxnfhe,fygw,f/
2) 'kwd, a*:zDxkwfudk taeawmfvSD;yg/ eef;jym;eJ h&G,fwlavmufyg/ odyfao;&if
aMuoGm;Edkifygw,f/
3) MuufoGefjzLqDowf? 0ufom;udk taeawmfusufatmifqDylvSdrfhyg/ a*:zD xnfhyg/ i½kwfoD;rIefY
xnfhyg/ tm;vkH;tusufrQoGm;&if csvdkufyg/ acgufqGJudk a&pyfpyfav;eJY tylxdk;yg/
ckeucsxm;whJ 0ufom;eJY a*:zDaMumfwmudk xnfhyg/ MuufOudkxnfhyg/ MuufOusuf&if
yJyifayguf xnfhyg/ rD;udkydwfjyD;arGyg/ ta&mifvdkcsif&if i½kwfoD;xJudk qDylylusufavmif;xnfhyg/
xdkqDudkokH;Edkifygw,f/ pyfawmh pyfwmayghav/
%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 93

85) ausmufausm - auyD

tdkau 'Dae h ausmufausmxdk;pm;&atmifav/


ausmufausm (w,fvDzHk; wHqdyf) - wpfxkyf
tkef;EdkY wpfAl;
oMum; wpfq,fom;
omulaph enf;enf;
-------------------------------
omulaphudk rsufpdaysmufwJhtxd udsKjyD; cGufwpfckrSm tat;cH xnfhxm;yg/ oMum;udk
a&wpfvDwmxnfhazsmf/ jyD;&if ausmufausm wpfxkyfudk azmufxnfhjyD; oratmifarT/
tdk;oefYoefUxJxnfhjyD; rD;udk tv,ftvwfxm;jyD; ajz;nif;pGmarT/ tJ qm;enf;enf;av;xnhfyg/
omulaphawGudkyg a&mxnfharT/ arT&if;eJY t&nf u ap;vmjyDqdk&if tdk;udkcs/ yHkpHcGufxJ xnfhjyD;
tat;cHyg/ rMumcif cJvm&if pm;vdkY &ygjyD/

%%%%%%%%

86) rkefvmOcsO
mOcsOf
csOf&nf[if
[if; - thunderhawk

yg0ifaomypönf;rsm;

1/ rkefvmO 2-vHk; (tBuD;) (ao;ygu 3-vHk;)


2/ oHy½kdoD; 1-vHk;cGJ ( refusnf;oD; oHk;ívnf;&ygonf vufESpfopfcefY)
3/ MuufoGefeD 1-vHk;
4/ MuufoGefjzL 4-jrTm
5/ ig; tenf;i,f ...
6/ ig;yd vufwpfqpfcefU
7/ c&rf;csOfoD; 2-vHk;

uJ rcsufcif rSm rkefvmOudk "m;eJU apmif;apmif;av;awGvSD;yg ... odyfrxlygapESifh ... xlygu


rkefvmO tusufaES;wwfonf/ c&rf;csOfoD;rsm;udkvnf; vSD;xm;yg/

pwifícsufygNyD ......

1) csufrnfhtdk;xJodkU qDtenf;i,fxnfhí MuufoGefNzLESifh MuufoGefeDudk tenf;i,f


EGrf;oGm;onftxd qDtdk;xJodkU xnfhíarTay;yg...
2) xdkUaemuf c&rf;csOfoD;ESifh rkefvmOrsm;udk xyfxnfhíarTyg? ig;udkygxnfhí vHk;xm;yg ...
3) xdkUaemuf tcsdKrIefU ? qm;ESifh ig;ydwdkUudk xnfhí (1)rdepfcefUarTay;yg ......
4) xdkUaemuf oHy½kdoD; (refusnf;oD;&nf) udk xnfhyg .... (1) rdepfcGJcefUMumatmif xm;NyD;ygu a&
xnfhvdkufyg ....
(5) [if;&nftdk;qlvmygu rkefvmO El;rEl; jrnf;Munfhyg ....rkefvmO El;vmyg u ...
tvGeft&om&Sdaom rkefvmO tcsnf&nf[if; ukd t&om&SdpGm oHk;aqmifEdkifygNyD ...
atmifrav;aemf ..a&;ae&if;eJUudk wHawG; cPcP rsdKcsae&ygvm; .....
%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 94

87) qdwfom;cywfaBumf - wdkusdKzdkufwm


vdktyfaompm&if;ESifhjyifqifjcif;

1) qdwfom; (500) *&rf


qdwfom;rsm;udkt&G,fawmf = vufrESifhvufn§dK;udk auG;íxdvQif jrif&onfh t&G,ftaecefY
wHk;yg/
(qdwfom;\teH Y= tnDSeHYudk avsmhcsifvQif yxrqdwfom;rSm uyfaewJh tqDrQifwdkY?
taBumt&GwfrQifrsm;udk z,fxkwfyg? jyD;vQif qm;xrif;pm;ZGef; (1) ZGef;jzL;í ESHYatmifzde,fyg?
(5) rdepfaevQif a&at;jzifh (4) cg aq;ypfyg)
2) eHeHaphavSmf = xrif;pm;ZGef; (1) ZGef;? ZD,m = vufzuf&nfazsmfZGef; (1)ZGef;?
i½kwfoD;rIefY = vufzuf&nfazsmfZGef; (1) ZGef;? csif; = vufwpfqpf(axmif;xm;yg)
rqvm = xrif;pm;ZGef; (1) ZGef;/
3) BuufoGefeDOBuD; = (2) vHk; (vufoD;qkyf t&G,fcefU)
tcGHETmí tuGif;vdkuf vSD;xm;yg /
4) a&Smuf&nf^ &Smvum&nf = xrif;pm;ZGef; (1) ZGef;

eHeHaph? ZD,m? i½kwfoD;rIefY? csif;? &Smvum&nfwdkYjzifh t&G,fawmfwHk;xm;


aom qdwfom;wHk;uav;rsm;udk e,fí wpfem&DcefUpdrfESyfxm;yg /

wpfem&DcefYBumaomf ... aBumfvdkufBupdkY ... qdwfom;cywfav;

1) aZmufeuf',ftdk;wpfckrSm qDudk qefjcifaumfcGuf (1) cGufpm xnfhí tylay;jyD;?


BuufoGefeDrsm;udk qDowfyg /
2) BuufoGefrsm;EGrf;vQif qdwfom;wHk;rsm; xnfhaBumfyg /
3) yJiefjym&nf tBunf (1) ZGef;xnfh arTyg/
4) 6^7 rdepfcefY aBumfjyD;vQif rqvmjzL;í csjyD;oHk;aqmifygcifAsm /
rqvmudk qdwfom;e,fwkef; a&mre,fygESifh? [if;cscgeD;rS jzL;yg? taygh? tief? tav;rsm;
twGuf qm;ESifhiefjym&nfudk rdrdESpfoufovdk xnfhyg? vdktyfygu ocGwfyef;rSudktkef;&JYenf;udk
oHk;yg ....

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 95

88) oeyfpHkokwf – [efeDcsdK


oeyfpkHokyf pm;Murvm;[if... toufowfvGwf t&H[if;av;aygh....

½kH;ywDoD;? csOfaygif&Guf? c&rf;oD;? yJoD;? yJapmif;vsm;oD;? uefZGef;&Guft½kd;eD? rQpf?


(wjcm;ukd,fMuDKuf&m xnfUvkdU&ygw,f... ½kH;ywDoD; ? csOfaygif&Guf? c&rf;oD; uawmh
csOfcsOfcRJcRJav;rkdU rygrjzpfyg..) pwmawGukd tkd;wpfvkH;xJa&jrKyf½kHxnfhjyKwfyD;.... a&at;eJUavmif;cs...
ZumeJUppfxm;yg...

pm;cgeD;rS t&GufawGtm;vkH;yg;yg; vSD;... qm; tcsKdrIefU qDcsufeJUe,f...


jyD;&if tay:u MuGyfaeatmifaMumfxm;wJh MuufoGefjzL?eD eJU ESrf;av; jzL;ay;vkduf½kHygyJ....

%%%%%%%%

89) ykZGef'H'Haygufcsufenf; - auyD


vdktyfwmawGuawmh-
qefaumif;aumif;................... wpf jynf
axmywf................................ 20 om;
MuufoGefeD............................. 10 om;
MuufoGefjzL? csif;..................... oifh&Hk
opfMuHydk;acguf....................... 4 acguf
u&a0;&Guf............................ 4 &Guf
zmvmaph................................. 4 aph
rkefvmOeD^yJpdrf;aph ................ 5 usyfom;pD
ykZGefxkyf................................. 50 om;
qm;? rqvm........................... oifh&Hk

csufjyKwfenf;uawmh

ykZGefudk oefYpifapjyD;..qm;?rqvm tenf;i,f jzL;ay;yg/ MuufoGefeDudk yg;yg;vSD;xm;yg/csif;eYJ


MuufoGefjzLudk owfowfpDaxmif;/ qefaq;jyD;....a&ppfxm;yg/ axmywfeJY MuufoGefeDudkaMumfjyD;
qDppfxm;yg/ xdkqDxJodkYykZGefudk xnfhaMumfjyD; q,fxm;vdkuf/ yJpdrf;aphudk a&enf;enf;eJY
el;atmifjyKwf/ 'eftdk;wpfvHk;/ a&qlatmifjyKwfjyD;a&qlrSaq;xm;wJhqefudkxnfh/
opfMuHydk;acguf? zmvmapheJY u&a0;&Gufygxnfhyg/ qm;enf;enf;xnfh? qefpif;aeatmifwnfjyD;
qefpif;vmygu pumxJ xnfhjyD; xrif;&nfppfxm;yg/ usefaxmywfqDudkxnfhyg/ MuufoGefjzLeJY
csif;udkxnfhyg/ xdktxJodkY xrif;wpfxyf/ ao;ao;pdyfxm;aom OeDeJY yJoD;tm;vHk;udkxnfhyg/
xdktay:rS aMumfxm;aom ykZGefjzL;? tay:qHk;rS MuufoeG feDaMumfudk rqvmeJ he,fjyD;jzL;?
usefqm;eJ haxmywfqDrsm;ESHYpyfoGm;atmif..jzef;jyD; tdk;tzHk;udk vHkatmifydwf? atmufrD;udkavQmh?
tay:rD;cJ wifjyD;ESyfyg/ (15) rdepfcefYMumygu oHk;aqmifEdkifygonf/ pm;cgeD;rS xrif;udk oratmif
opfom;a,mif;rjzifharTjyD;rS cl;cyfoHk;aqmifyg/
%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 96

90) 0ufacgif;csOf – auyD

pm;zl;Murvm;awmhrod... 0ufacgif;csOfvkyfwJhenf;av;eJY csufwJhenf;av; wifay;yg&apaemf/


0ufacgif;...................wpfvHk;(odk h)wpfjcrf;
jrefrmjynfrSmawmh 0ufacgif; r[kwf&ifawmif 0uf&JYyg;om; udkar;0,fvdkY &ygw,f/ yg;rSm &SdwJh
tqDu wjcm;tqDawGvdk rtDbl;/ pm;aumif;w,f/

tarT;awG pifatmifEIwf/ jyD;&if oifhawmfwJ htwHk;av;awGwHk;/ jyD;&ifawmh xrif;Murf;(xrif;at;)


vufzuf&nf yef;uef wpfvHk;pm qm; oifh&HkxnfhjyD; 0ufom;wHk;udk ememe,fay;/
jyD;&ifawmh tzHk;ygwJh a<uZvHk (odkY) zefykvif;xJxnfhjyD; ememodyfxnfhyg/ avvHkatmif
zHk;xm;&ygr,f/ ESpf&uf? oHk;&ufae&ifawmh t&nfxGufvmygvdrfhr,f/ 'gqdk&ifawmh 0ufom;u
csOfygjyD/

csufr,fqdk&ifawmh wjcm;[if;awG csufovdkyJ/ i½kwfoD;? MuufoGef? csif;udk axmif;jyD; qDudk


cyfajcmufajcmufav;owfyg/ jyD;&ifawmh xrif;aphudk z,fjyD; 0ufom;udk xnfhvHk;yg/ t&nf
olY[mol xGufvmygvdrfhr,f/ a&cef;vm&if i½kwfqHkaq;a&udkxnfhyg/ 0ufom;u csOfawmh
tel;jrefygw,f/ tdk;rcscif i½kwfaumif;rIefYav; xnfhyg/ awmfawmfav;udk pm;aumif;whJ
[if;wpfrdsK;yg/
%%%%%%%%

91) c&rf;oD;ESyf - auyD

auyD ckyJ xrif; pm;jyD;ygw,f/ pm;aumif;vGef;vdkY Adkufu tifhaewm pmawmif renf;&dkuf&ygw,f/


[if;uawmh c&rf;oD;ESyfw,f/ yJykyf eJY c&rf;csOfoD; csufw,f/ csufenf;av;ajymjyr,faemf/

vdktyfwmawGuawmh c&rf;oD;udk tvHk;vdkufESyfzdkYawmh...tzHk;ygwJh ',ftdk;cyfMuD;MuD;av; &Sd&if


aumif;wmaygh/

ykZGefajcmuf? c&rf;oD;? MuufoGefjzL?eD? tcdsKrIefY? iefjym&nf

ykZGefajcmufudk cPavmuf a&av;pdrfxm;yg/


jyD;&if ykZGefajcmufudk i½kwfqHkxJxnfhaxmif;/
jyD;&if MuufoGefjzL?eD udk tpOfvdkufxnfhaxmif;
ta&mifwif i½kwfoD;rIef h eJ heEGif;udk a&maxmif;rS ta&mifvSygr,f/
jyD;&ifawm hqDudk MuufoGefaxmif; ajcmufaeatmif(odk h)qDjyefvmwJ hxd owfyg/ c&rf;oD;udk
tnmrz,fyJ oef haeatmifaq;jyD; av;pdyfjcrf;yg/
jyD;&if c&rf;oD;udk qDowfxm;wJ h',fxJxnfhjyD; c&rf;oD;Mum;udk qDowfjyD;om;
tzwfawGxnfh/c&rf;oD; tjyifudkvnf; tdk;xJrSm oratmif
vkyf/2rdepfavmufMumjyD;rS i½kwfqHkaq;a&udk xnfh/a&enf;enf;bJaemf/
jyD;&if ',ftdk;udk tzHk;zHk;xm;yg/rD;udk rQOf;rQOf;av;xm;yg/a&cef;jyD; qDjyefvm&if pm;vdk h&ygjyD/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 97

92) 0ufom;tcsKdcsufenf; - xxx

1) 0ufom;udk t&G,fawmfwHk;? qm;? [if;csKdrIefU? yJiefjym&nf? oMum;e,fxm;/


2) Budwpf uf? 'grSr[kwf i½kwfqHk&Sd&if csif;eJUMuufoGefjzLudk nufaeatmifaxmif;
0ufom;eJUa&me,f/ ',ftdk;ylxJ qDxnfU/ qDylvm&if oMum;xnfUNyD;arTay;/
oMum;awGaysmfwJhtxdarT/ oMum;awmh rwl;apeJUaemf/ owdxm;MunfUae/ oMum;wl;&if rJNyD;
t&rf;vnf; an§mfw,f? t&rf;vnf;cg;w,f/
3) oMum;aysmfNyD; ta&mif&vmNyDqdk&if tdk;xJudk 0ufom;awGxnfUarTay;/
4) 0ufom;xJuxGufwJha&ukef&if a&xyfxnfUNyD; tkd;udktzHk;tkyfxm;? a&udk 0ufom;El;wJhtxd
xyfxyfxnfUay;/ 0ufom;El;umeD;us&if MuufoGefeDudk av;pdwfcGJNyD; xnfUvdkuf?
5) 0ufom;El;?qDjyef?MuufoGefeDEGrf;NyDqdk&if cspm;ayawmhAsm/
6) csOfaygif&Guf&Sd&if csOfaygif[if;ygcsufvdkufAsm/ 0ufom;eJUvdkufw,fAs/ tcsKd;tpm;awGawmh
rajymwwfbl;As/ rSef;omxnfUAsm/

%%%%%%%%

93) trsdK;aygif;wpfaxmif[if;vsm - &efukefcspfol

yxrOD;qHk; a&cJaowåmxJu MuufO oHk;vHk;avmufudk,l -


jyD;&if yef;uefwpfckxJudkxnfh . .
ememav;acgufay;xm; . . ab;z,fxm; -
jyD;awmh MuufoGefeDudk oHk;jym;avmufvSD; - awmufawmufpOf;
xdkenf;wl . . MuufoGefjzL - rkefvmOeD - yJoD;pdrf; (tpdrf;a&mifwpfckck) - i½kwfoD;pdrf;
tm;vHk;udk yg;yg;av; awmufawmufpif;jyD; awmh . . wpfckudkenf;enf;pDayghaemf . .
ckeu MuufOeJUa&m - jyefacgufay;vdkuf . .
qm;enf;enf;xnfh . . tcsdKrIefU(oMum;) enf;enf;xnfh . .
tif; . . aumfrIefU (el;nHhonfhaumfrIefU) enf;enf;xnfh . .
EGm;EdkU enf;enf;xnfh . .
jyD;&if tm;vHk; oratmif jyefacgufvdkuf . .
jyD;&if ',ftdk; tjym;ay:wifjyD; aMumfvkduf . .
aMumfvdkU yHkrysufxGufvmwJhtjym;MuD;udk ,l . .
tdkAef xJ (2) rdepfxnfh . . tylcsdef uawmh yDZmawG zkwfoavmuf 425 avmufxm;aygh/
jyD;&if toifh&SdwJh xrif;eJU twl jrdef&nf&Suf&nf pm;oHk;ekdifygjyD/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 98

94) Muuf
MuufOaMumf – za,mif;
uRefr aMumfwJh MuufOaMumfu 'Dvdkyg/ ½dk;om;wJh zdk;ocGm;aygh/

MuufO oHk;vHk;udk qm;? tcsdKrIefUeJU acguf/ MuufoGeftvwfpm;wpfvHk;eJU c&rf;csOfoD; wpfvHk;?


i½kwfoD;pdrf; oHk;awmifhavmufudkyg;yg;vDS;NyD; MuufOeJUa&m/
',ftdk;xJrSm qDenf;enf;xnfh/ qDusuf&if eEGif;rIefUenf;enf;xnfh/ NyD;wmeJU MuufO awGudk
avmif;xnfhvdkuf/
rD;odyfrjyif;bJeJU wpfzufudk enf;enf;av; wl;atmifxm;/ aemufwpfzufudkvSef/ olvnf;wl;ayap/
MuufOaMumf0g0gav;&NyD/ za,mif;wdkUawmaMumfav;aygh/

aemufMuufOMuD;yJ qDenf;enf;av;xJudk azmufxnfhNyD; rusufwusufarTaMumfwmvnf;


t&rf;MudKufw,f/ MuufOqdk b,fyHkpHeJUvmvm...vmcJhyJ/

eEGif;rIefUeJU MuufoGefNzL raMuUwaMuaxmif; qDowfjyD; xrif;eJU aMumfpm;&wmvnf; aumif;w,f/


xrif;aMumf0g0gav;/ xrif;aMumfqdk ajcmufaeatmifaMumfrS/ pdkpdkpdpd qdkraumif;bl;/

%%%%%%%%

95) uifrfcsD tvG,fvkyfenf; - auyD

[efeDa&...uifrfcsD tvG,f vkyfwJhenf;av; a&;vdkufw,faemf/


uifrfcsDu vwfvwfqwfqwf vkyfxm;wmudk auyDu ydkMudKufw,f/
tjyifrSmawmh tMumMuD; txm;rcHbl;/ ckawmh uifrfcsDtwGuf oD;oefYa&cJ aowåmay:vmawmh
t&ifvdk pOfhtdk;MuD;awGeJY ajrxJjrKyfxm;p&m rvdkawmhbl;aygh/ rkefnif;&Guf uifrfcsDqdk&ifawmh
vdkwmav;awGu csif;? MuufoGefjzL? ta&mifwif i½kwfoD;rIefY? iefjym&nf? qm;Murf;? uMuD;vdk
qJOD;*sefvdkYac:wJh ykZGefqdwfudkqm;pdrf? MuufoGefjzLjrdwf? rkefvmO? rkefnif;xkyf/
vkyfawmhr,fqdk&if rkefvmxkyfudk av;pdwfpdwf? wpfvTmjcif; oefYatmif a&eJYaq;yg/ jyD;&if
a&ppfxm;/ jyD;&if rkefnif;xkyf&JY wpfvTmjcif;pDrSm qm;xnfhjyD; ememe,f? jyD;&if tenf;qHk; ESpfem&D
odyfxm;yg/ reufrSm qm;eJY aocsme,fjyD; naerS uifrfcsDvkyf&if ydkpm;aumif;wmaygh/ qm;Murf;
(qm;yGifhMuD;MuD;) udk oHk;Edkif&if ydkaumif;ygw,f/
rkefvmOudk tacsmif;av;awG jzpfatmifyg;yg;vSD;&ygr,f/ MuufoGefjrdwfudkvnf; wpfvufr t&Snf
jzwfxm;yg/ csif;eJY MuufoGefjzLudk axmif;xm;yg/
uifrfcsDvkyfzdkY rkefnif;&Guf EGrf;jyD qdk&ifawmh ...qm;rygatmif t&GufoD;oefYvkyf/ jyD;&ifawmh csif;eYJ
MuufoGefjzLaxmif; udkxnfh/ iefjym&nf enf;enf;? qJOD;*sefenf;enf;/ vSD;xm;wJh rkefvmOeJY
MuufoGefjrdwfudkxnfh? i½kwfoD;rIefYxnfh/ jyD;&ifawmh ckaemufydkif; uMuD;rSm uifrfcsDxJudk oum&nf
enf;enf; xnfhMuygw,f/
rsm;aomtm;jzif hz&HkoD;u xkwfvkyfwJh oum&nf udk oHk;Muygw,f/ rxnhfvnf; &ygw,f/
oMum;enf;enf; xnfhayghaemf/ tm;vHk;xnfhjyD;&ifawmh aoaocsmcsm oratmife,fay;yg/
t&om&SdwJ huifrfcsD tvG,fenf;yg/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 99

96)
96) ig;wefaMumf
aMumfenf
enf; - DD85

ig;wefudkaps;uaeNyD; tom;csnf;yJ0,fyg/ txl;owdxm;&rSmu ig;wef tom;udk tqDjyifawG


ta&cGHawG rygapygeJU/ aps;u ajym0,f&ufeJU tenf;i,fygvm&ifawmh udk,fhzmomyJ
"g;eJUvSD;xkwfaygh/

1) tJh'Dtcg ig;tom;jyifcsnf;yJ&&if oHyk&m&nf (odkU) a&SmufoD;&nfeJU n§pfNyD; a&eJUaumifpGmaq;yg/


(n§DwJhtom;qdk&if teHUaysmufatmif 'DvdkyJaq;ygw,f qm;enf;enf;xnfhyGwfNyD; aq;vdkuf&if
ydkaumif;wmaygh)/
2) a&eJUaumif;pGmaq;NyD;wJhtcg vufn§dK;vHk;avmuf ( vufn§dK;wkwfwkwfBuD;orm;awGqdk&if awmh
MunfhomavQmhygawmh ) t&Snfu ESpfvufrcGJ (odkU) oHk;vufravmuf vSD;jzwf qm;? tcsdKrIefU
(odkU) oMum;tenf;i,feJUe,fNyD;cPxm;wJhtcsdefrSm *sHKtEkrIefU&,f? aumfrIefU&,f qwla&mNyD;
qm;enf;enf; oMum;enf;enf;ygxnfh? a&udkawmh ig;eJUe,fzdkU rjypfrMuJcyfpD;pD;av;a&mxm;yg/
3) wefyl&mrIefU (odkU) ykZGefaMumfwdkUrSmoHk;wJh Bread Crumbs trIefUav;awGudk
yef;uefjym;xJrSmxnfhNyD; a&pGwfw,fvdkU qdkoavmufav; pdkatmif spray av;eJUrIwfxm;yg/
(rpGwfvnf;&ygw,f av pGwfxm;awmhtaMumfcHNyD;ta&mifvSwmaygh)/
4) NyD;&ifqDudkylvmatmifwnfNyD; qDav;taeawmfylvm&if ig;udk *sHKtEkrIefU&,f? aumfrIefU&,f
a&mxm;wJh yef;uefxJvl;? NyD;&if wefyl&mrIefUxJvl;NyD; qDtdk;xJa&Ttdka&mif
rorf;onfodkUorf;onfodkU taetxd xnfhaMumfNyD; Zumav;eJUqDppfNyD; ZvHkav;wckay:
owif;pmoefUoefUav;cif; xm;wJhtay:csNyD;tat;cHyg/
5) at;oGm;&ifawmh Tomato Ketchup av;eJUjzpfjzpf? Chilli Sauce av;eJUjzpfjzpf?
Mayonnaise dressing av;eJUjzpfjzpf oHk;aqmifMuyg/

odyfwwfvdkUawmhr[kwfyg Cupid wdkUa&csufMujyKwfMuygOD;/

%%%%%%%%

97)
97) 0ufom;awmufawmufpif;aygif; - za,mif;
za,mif;uawmh 0ufom;awmufawmufpif;awGudk aygif;r,f/ awmufawmufpif;wpfAl;0,f/
MuufoGefeD tvHk; MuD;MuD;wpfvHk;udk yg;yg;vDS;...ao;ao;wHk;av;awGjzpfatmif wpfcgjyefvSnfhvDS;/
MuufoGefjzLeJUcsif;enf;enf;udk axmif;/ raxmif;csifvnf; yg;yg;vDS;vdkufaygh/ MuufO (4)
vHk;udkacguf/ *sKHrIefUESpfZGef;-oHk;ZGef; avmufeJUtm;vHk;a&m/ qm;? tcsdKrIefU eJU yJiefjym&nf tMunf&nf
enf;enf;pDxnfh/ i½kwfaumif;rIefUjzL;/ za,mif;u qDawmh rxnfhbl;/ tm;vHk;oratmif
cuf&if;eJUarTvdkufw,f/ jyD;&if tzHk;rSm taygufygwJh Al;wpfckxJxnfhr,f/ rdkufu½dka0hzfxJ (7)
rdepfavmufxnfh/ jyefxkwf cuf&if;eJU jyeforatmifarTjyD; jyefxnfh/ aemuf 10 rdepfavmufxm;/
xkwfMunhf/ 'Davmufqdk&jyD/ pm;vdkUaumif;w,f/ wcgwnf; tMumMuD;awmufavQmufrxnfhwm
tem;awG uRrf;uRrf;oGm;jyD; ajcmufoGm;vdkU/
za,mif;ub,ft&mrqdk wdwdususrxnfhbl;/ rSef;xnfhvdkufwmyJ/ todwpfa,mufu
olutvGefwdus/ b,f[mb,fESpfZGef;/ wwfEdkif&if bkwftkyfxJawmif a&;xm;csifao;wm/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 100

98)
98) [if;csdK - auyD

wpfa,mufaomolu auyDhudk [if;cdsKcsufenf;av; wifay;ygwJh/ olu ckwavm [if;cdsK


csufaomufcsifvdkYygwJh/ [kwfuJ.h..armifav;a&? &Hk;ywDoD; [if;cdsKav; csufjyr,faemf/ aq;zuf0ifjyD;
xrif;eJYpm;&if avQmueJ 0ifoGm;apygw,fuG,f /
................. ........................... ........................
&Hk;ywDoD; oHk;? av; vHk;
ykZGefajcmuf oHk;? av; aumif
MuufoGefeD? jzL oifhoavmuf
yifpdrf;&Gufav;&Sd&ifxnfhaemf /
&Hk;ywDoD;udk aq;aMumjyD; wpfvufr t&Snf &atmif apmif;apmif;vDS;yg/
MuufoGefjzL? eD eJ hykZGefajcmufudk a&maxmif;/
axmif;jyD;&if qDowf? EGrf;vmjyD qdk&ifawmha&xnfh/
auyDuawmh tcdsKtieftwGuf [if;cdsKcsuf&if cyfwJht&omrIefYudk tcdsKrIefY tpm;oHk;ygw,f/
t&omrIefYudk oifh&Hkxnfhyg/
a&qljyDqdkrS &Hk;ywDoD;eJY yifpdrf;&Gufav; xnfhyg/

%%%%%%%%

99)
99) ykZGefxkyfaMumf(tDwmvQHpwd
pwdkif) - auyD

1) ykZGefxkyfudk tcGHcGm/ a&raq;&/


2) jyD;&if ZvHk wpfvHk;xJrSm &Smvum&nf..yJiefjym&nf? [if;cdsKrIefY enf;enf;a&mjyD; oratmifarTyg/
3) cGmxm;wJh ykZGefxkyfudk xnfhpdrfxm;vdkufyg/
4) wpfem&Davmuf Mum&if qDudk tylay;jyD; ykZGef udk q,fjyD;aMumfyg /
5) [dkzuf ? 'Dzuf tomav; vSefay;yg/ ESpfzufvHk; &JjyDqdk&if ykZGefpdrfcJhwJh t&om t&nfudk
xnfhvdkufyg/
6) usufvQif tdk;rS q,fjyD;oHk;aqmifyg/

%%%%%%%%

100)
100) tom;wkudk bvmacsmifaMumfenf;av;
av - auyD

1) tom;wkudk yGatmifa&pdrfvdkufyg/ yGvmjyDqdk&if txJrSm cdkaewJha&awG pifatmifn§pfxkwfvdkufyg/


2) t&G,fao;atmif uwfaMu;eJYn§yf? jyD;&if qm;? tcdsKrIefYeJY eEGif;udk xnfhe,f/
3) qDeJ haMumfyg/ ZvHkwpfckrSm q,fxm;yg/ MuufoGefjzL?eD udkaMumf/
4) jyD;&ifawmh rD;at;at;rSm tom;wkeJY a&morarT/
5) ndKa&mifoef;vm&ifawmhi½kwfoD;rIefY cGJjcrf;udk xnfhaMumfyg/
6) MuGyf&GjyD; t&om&SdwJhoufowfvGwf bmvacsmifaMumfyg/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 101

101) acgufqGJokyf - candellia

acgufqGJokyf pm;csifwJhudkaueJY tm;vHk;twGufyg/

½dk;½dk;acgufqGJokyf

jyKwfNyD;acgufqGJawGudk yJiHjym&nftenf;i,fzsef;í qDcsufenf;enf;eJY ',ftdk;xJrSm vdSrfhxm;yg/


MuufOjyKwfNyD; xlxlav;awGvDS;xm;yg/ i½kwfoD;rIefY (tpyfrpm;EkdifvQif ygy&DumrIefY) udk
ESpfZGef;avmuf a&av;enf;enf;qrf;jyD; EHSYatmifajcvdkufyg/ ',ftdk;xJrSm
qDtenf;i,fusufatmifxm;jyD; i½kwfoD; a&azsmftyspfuav;udkxnfh qDowfvdkufyg/ a&eJYrazsmfyJ
owfvJ&ygw,f/ a&eJhvkyfwmu ydkNyD; ta&mifav;aumif;vkdYyg/ MuufoGefjzL"g;jym;½dkuf½dkuf?
axmif;yJaxmif;axmif;? yg;yg;yJvDS;vdkYjzpfap eEGif;rIefYenf;enf;jzifhqDowfvdkufyg/ okyfpm;vdkaomf
ykZGefajcmufrIefY? yJrIefY? i½kwfoD;qDcsuf? MuufoGefjzLaMumf? iHjym&nf? tcsdKrIefY eJY
MuufOxnfhjyD;okyfyg/ oHy&moD;n§pfxnfhyg/

Muufom;jzifhokyfwJhacgufqGJeef;jym;okyfyf

tkef;EdkYwpfAl;udk yspfatmifusKdvdkufyg/ Muufom;udkEl;½HkjyKwf? tom;ao;ao;av;awGjzpfatmifETif/


qm;? eEGif;? tcsdKrIefYESifhe,fxm;yg/ MuufoGefjzL-eD qDowfí eDvmvQif ta&mifwifrIefY
enf;enf;xnhfyg/ jyD;&ifMuufom;xnfh? tkef;EdkYxnfharTay;yg/ qDusefa&usefav;xm;yg/ pm;r,fqdk&if
acgufqGJudk Muufom;tkef;EdkY[if;qrf;? i½kwfoD;aMumf? MuufoGefjzLqDowf? oHyk&moD;?
MuufoGefeDOBuD; yg;yg;vDS;xnfhjyD; okyfyg/

Muuf½dk;[if;csKdudk pm;cgeD;rSm MuufoGefjrdwf&Snf&n


S fawGyg;yg;vDS;xnfhjyD; i½kwfaumif;rIefYcwfyg/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 102

102) uif;rGef tpmoGwfaMumf


aMumf - guest

1) (200) *&rf &Sdtvwfpm; uif;rGefrsm;


2) w½kwfrId (3) yGifh (cyfyg;yg;vSD;xm;&ef)
3) *sif; vufwpfqpfcefY (axmif;xm;&ef)
4) MuufoGefNzL (10) jrTm (axmif;xm;&ef)
5) c½kqD pm;yGJwifZGef; (2) ZGef;
6) (200) *&rf&Sd 0ufom;
7) MuufO (1) vHk;
8) MuufoGefeD (1) vHk; (axmif;xm;&ef)

tpmoGwfzdkY tom;udkawmh MudKuf&m tom;oHk;Edkifygw,f.. tckawmh 0ufom;udktoHk;NyKxm;ygw,f...

1) uif;rGefudk a&pifatmifaq; .. acgif;Nzwf .. tcGHcGmNyD; a&ppfxm;&ygr,f..


2) 0ufom;udk awmufawmufpif; ..
3) MuufoGefNzL 5 jrTmavmuf ESifh MuufoGefeD 1 vHk;udkaxmif; ...
4) qm;tenf;i,f .. oMum;tenf;i,f ... yJiHNym&nf tenf;i,f .. axmif;xm;wJhMuufoGefNzL? eD
.. MuufO 1 vHk; eJY 0ufom;udka&me,f&ygr,f..
5) a&ppf xm;wJh uif;rGefrsm;xJudk .. e,fxm;wJh tom;awGxnfh .. vdyf .. aygif;tdk;xJ xnfhjyD; ..
(10) rdepfcefY aygif; ..
6) tat;cH .. 1 vufrcefY jzwf ..
7) ',ftdk;xJqDxnfh .. MuufoGefNzL 10 jrTmxJu usefwJh 5 jrTmaxmif;xm;wmudk qDowf..
8) *sif; .. rId ... c½kqD .. a&enf;enf;xnfh .. (2) rdepfcefY MumvQif ... uif;rGefxnfhaMumf
9) aemuf (2) rdepfcefY MumvQif ... pm;oHk;&eftoifh NzpfygNyD ...

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 103

103)ig;oavmuf
103)ig;oavmufaygif;eJYig;oavmufqDjyef -candellia

udkaZmfOD;rS rysKdodkY olpm;csifwJh ig;oavmufaygif;uav;wifay;yg&ef ajymawmh za,mif;udka&;ygwJh


rysKdu/

yxrqHk;"g;eJY ig;oavmufcyfvwfvwf (50) om;avmuf udk rTef;NyD; (2) ydkif; avmufyJ


ydkif;csif;ydkif;? av;ydkif;avmufydkif;csifvnf; ydik f;vdkufyg/ &Smvum&nf? eEGif;rIefYwdkYeJY e,fNyD;
wpfem&Davmuf ESyfxm;vkdufyg/ pyg;vif? csif;? MuufoGefjzL? eDwdkYudk nufaeatmifaxmif;?
'grSr[kwfpufeJY Budwfvdkufyg/

aygif;tdk;xJrSm qD (10) om;avmuf ZGef;BuD;eJY (3) ZGef;avmuf? pyg;vif? csif; axmif;jyD;om;eJY


i½kwfoD; BudKuf&ifenf;enf;eJY qm;tcsdKrIefYxnfhe,fyg/ a&udk ig;awGjrKyfatmifxnfhNyDawmhaygif;yg/
yxrt&nf cef;&if aemufwpfa&xyfxnhfaygif;yg/ El;jrnfhvm&if&ygNyD/ c&rf;csOfoD;xnfhaygif;vnf;
&ygw,f/

za,mif;wdkYvdk ig;oavmufaygif;odyfrBudKufwJholawGtwGufu ig;oavmufqDjyefcsuf yg/

ig;oavmufudk tuGif;vdkufvDS;NyD; qm;? tcsKdrIefY? eEGif;rIefY? iHjym&nfwdkYeJY e,fxm;vdkdufyg/


c&rf;csOfoD;udk taphn§pfxkwfNyD;awmh vDS;vdkufyg/ ckeuvdkyJ csif;? MuufoGef jzL udkaxmif;
teDudkvDS;yg/ [if;tdk;xJrSm qD ZGef;BuD; (2) ZGef;avmufxnfh/ qDusufvQifMuufoGefeDudk
t&ifqDowfyg/ nd§K;a&mfvm&if axmif;xm;wmawGeJY i½kwfoD;rIefYxnfhyg/ usufoGm;&if
c&rf;csOfoD;xnfharTyg/ c&rf;csOfoD;EGrf;oGm;rS ig;tuGif;awG xnfhvdkufyg/

olYbmomxGufvmwJh t&nfawGcef;oGm;rS a&enf;enf;xnfhNyD; rD;avQmhcsufyg/ qDjyefvm&if


tayghtief vkdwmav;xyfxnhfjyD; eHeHyiftkyf csvdkufyg/ t½dk;awmhrsm;w,f/ pm;vdkYaumif;ygw,f/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 104

104) aumf&nfacgufqGJ (0ufom;) - ysdKysdKar

0ufom; vdkif;om; 1 aygif (odkY) 2 aygif udk vuf0g;avmuf twHk;cyfBuD;BuD;av; wHk;NyD;


tJ'D 0ufom; tom;wHk;eJY 0uf&dk; tenf;i,fudk qm;? tcsdKrIefY? oMum;? i½kwfaumif;wdkYeJY
e,fxm;vdkufyg/
tdk;cyfvwfvwfwpfvHk;xJrSm a&wpf0ufcefYxnfhNyD; a&qlatmifwnfvdkufyg/ a&ql&if ckeu
0ufom;wHk; eJY 0uf&dk;awGudkxnfh? *sif; uGrf;oD;vHk;avmuf "g;jym;&dkufxnfhjyKwfyg .. qlvm&if
rD;avQmhvdkufyg (rD;ravQmh&if t&nfrsm; aemufoGm;wwfygw,f) ... 0ufom; El;vmonfxdjyKwfyg
... tqDrsm; wufvmygu ZGef; eJY z,fxkwfypfyg ...
0ufom;El;vm&if q,fvdkufNyD; owfowfz,fxm;vdkufyg..
aemufxyftdk; cyf&G,f&G,f wpfvHk;rSm .. qD tenf;i,f (ZGef;BuD; 1 ZGef;) xnfhyg/
qDylvm&if oMum; ZGef;ao; 2 ZGef;avmuf xnfhNyD; qDowfyg .. oMum;awG ndKNyD; yGvm&if
emewfyGifh 3 yGifhavmuf xnfhvdkufyg .. (oMum;rwl;ygapeJY) .. xnfhNyD;wmeJY csufcsif; .. ckeu
0ufom;jyKwf&nfawGudk xnfhyg ... udk,f vdkcsifoavmuf a& tenf;trsm;xnfhyg ..
i½kwfaumif;rIefYxnhfyg ... MuufO ESpfvHk; avmuf udk ememacgufNyD;xnfhyg ... yJiHjym&nfudk
ta&mifvdkoavmufxnfhyg ... tayghtieftwGuf qm;? tcsdK rIefY? oMum; vdkoavmuf
enf;enf;csif; jrnf;NyD;xnfhyg ...
aumfrIefY 3 ZGef;cefYudk a&azsmfvdkufyg .. NyD;&if yGufyGufqlaewJh tdk;xJ
enf;enf;csif;avmif;xnfhyg .. wzufuvnf; t&nfudk tquftjywfarTay;aeyg .... awmfawmfav;
jypfonftxd xnfhwnfyg .. vdkao;&if aumfrIefY xyf&nfazsmfxnfhvdkY&ygw,f ... qlvm&if
rD;avQmhNyD; rD;rQOf;rQOf; eJY wnfxm;yg .. at;oGm;&if aumf&nfusJoGm;wwfygw,f ...
acgufqGJudk qDav;enf;enf; xnfhNyD;jyKwfyg .. acgufqGJEl;&if a&ppfNyD; a&at;eJYrsm;rsm;aq;csyg
..acgufqGJat;onftxd a&aq;csyg/ (acgufqGJrsm; vHk;axG;NyD; ap;uyfroGm;ap&efjzpfonf/) NyD;&if
ZumeJY a&ppfxm;yg/
yJyifaygufrsm;udk a&aq;NyD; a&aEG;eJYazsmvdkufyg/ MuufoGefjrdwfudk yg;yg;vSD;xm;yg/
0ufom;jyKwf udkvnf; yg;yg; twHk;av;awG vSD;xm;vdkufyg/
MuufoGefjzL 5 jrTm 6 jrTm cefYudk "m;jym;&dkuf .. tcGHz,fNyD; awmufawmufpOf;vdkufyg ..NyD;&if
qDcsuf csufvdkufyg (eEGif;rIefY rxnfh&yg/) usuf&if yef;uefvHk;xJ xnfhxm;NyD;
tat;cHxm;vdkufyg/
,dk;',m;rQif ig;yd udk uGrf;oD;vHk; cyfBuD;BuD;pmcefY rdkufu&dka0hxJ puúefY 40-60 cefY
xnfhvdkufyg .. ig;ydat;oGm;&if ... MuufoGefjzL ? i½kwfoD;pdrf;wdkYeJY a&maxmif;vdkufyg ..
tm;vHk;NyD;NyDqdk&if ... acgufqGJay:udk .. qDcsuftenf;i,f ? yJyifayguf ? MuufoGefjrdwf?
0ufom;jyKwfav; vdkoavmuf jzL; ... ig;yd pdrf;pm;av; xnhfNyD; .. aumf&nfylylav; xnfhum
t&om &Sd&SdoHk;aqmif EdkifygNyD ...

(0ufom;tpm; Muufom; ... bJom;wdkYeJYvnf; vkyfpm;vdk h&ygw,f/)

0ufom;okyf .. 0uftlokyfwdkYeJYvnf; wGJzuf oHk;aqmifEkdifygw,f ....

(za,mif;a& .. vdkwm&Sd&if jyifay;ygOD; .. ... rysdK [if;csufwwfw,fqdkwm ,HkNyDvm; ... [Gef;)

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 105

105) ig;z,fig;ydcsuf ESifh uifyGef;csOf&nf - ysdKysdKar

udkrdk;BudK; pm;csifw,f qdkwJh ig;z,f ig;ydcsufeJY uifyGef;csnf&nf udk 'DrSmyJ wifay;ygqdkvdkY 'DrSm
a&;ay;vdkufr,faemf ... (EdkifiHa&; pdwf0ifpm;ol uae csduGwf jzpfawmhr,f xifw,f .. )

ig;z,fjcpf .. 10 om; (odkY) 15 usyfom;

*sif; uGrf;oD;vHk;cefY .. MuufoGefjzL 4 jrTm udknufatmifaxmif;yg ... nufoGm;&if ..


ig;z,fjcpfxnfhyg .. qm;? tcsdKrIefY? eEGif;rIefY? i½kwfoD; ta&mifwifrIefY ZGef;ao; wpfZGef;cefY
xnfhNyD; axmif;yg .. ig;z,frsm; ap;vmonfxd axmif;yg.. (i½kwfqHk r&Sd&if ... *sif;rIefY?
MuufoGefjzLrIefYwdkYudk oHk;vdkY&ygw,f .. tm;vHk;udk ZvHkxJrSm a&me,fNyD; ap;rmvmatmif
vkyf&ifvnf; &ygw,f)

NyD;&if ig;z,fawGudk a&av;qGwfudkif .. tvHk;i,fav;awG vHk;NyD; qDxJxnfhaMumfvdkufyg .../


tay:,H wif;&Hkav;yJaMumfyg tMumMuD;MuGyfaeatmif raMumfygeJ h ...

*sif;? MuufoGefjzL? MuufoGefeD? i½kwfoD; wdkYudk eEGif;rIefY tenf;i,fxnfhNyD; .. ig;z,faMumfNyD;


usefwJh qDeJYqDowfvdkufyg ... c&rf;csOfoD; 2 vHk; 3 vHk; avmuf vdkcsifoavmuf tESpf&atmif
xnfhajcNyD; qDowfyg .. ,dk;',m;rQifig;yd uGrf;oD;vHk;cefYxnfhyg ... ig;ydusufavmuf&if
aMumfxm;wJh ig;z,fawG xnfhyg .. iHjym&nf tenf;i,fxnfhyg.. tcsdKrIefYxnfhyg ...
(qm;rxnfhygeJY? vdktyfrS tenf;i,fom xnfhyg) .. cPav; ae&if a&vdkygu
a&enf;enf;av;xnfhyg .. i½kwfoD;pdrf; 6 awmifhavmuf axmif;xnfhyg .. usuf&if eHeHyifav;
tkyfNyD; csvdkY&ygNyD ...

uifyGef;csOf&nf

uifyGef;csOf&Gufudk a&aq;NyD; a>cxm;vdkufyg /


tdk;wpfvHk;xJudk qD ZGef;ao; 2 ZGef;xnfhyg .... uifyGef;csOf&Guf xnfhyg/ MuufoGefeD 1 vHk;
yg;yg;vSD; xnfhyg .. iHjym&nf? eEGif;rIefYtenf;i,f ? qm;? tcsdKrIefY? i½kwfoD;rIefY tenf;i,f?
ykpGefajcmufrIefY (ig; (odkY) ykpGef av;awG pOf;NyD; xnfhvnf;&ygw,f .. ig;xnfh&ifawmh *sif;
xnfhygr,f .. ykpGef oHk;&ifawmh *sif; vHk;0 rxnfhygeJY.. ykpGefarT;wJhteHY aysmufoGm;wwfygw,f)/
(ig;yd tenf;i,f xnfh&ifvnf; &ygw,f .. tcsOfayghatmif ..)

NyD;&if rD;zdkay:wifNyD; arTay;yg .. tm;vHk; teHYao usufavmuf&if ... a& vdkoavmuf csdefq
xnfhNyD; qlatmifwnfvdkufyg . .. 'gqdk&if ig;z,fjcpf ig;ydcsufav;eJY wGJzuf pm;oHk;vdkuf&if ..
'DaeY tzdkYawmh .. xrif;NrdefoGm;rSmyJ udkrdk;BudK;a& ....

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 106

106) rkefnif;jzLcsuf
jzLcsuf (1) - bdk;rSif

bmcsufpm;wkef;awmh vmrar;eJU/ bdk;rSifuawmh awGU&mNrif&mvkyfpm;wm/ 'Da&mufawmh Chinese


leaf vdkUac:wJh t&GufawG awGUw,f/ Nrefrmvdk b,fvdkac:rSef;rodbl;/

'geJU tJ'gawG a&vJcsufpm;wmaygh/ bdk;rSifrlydkif okyfpm;wJh enf;uawmh-

1) Chinese Leaf 4-5-6 &Gufudk a&aq;xm;/ wu,fvdkU yJyifaygufxnfhcsif&if Chinese leaf udk
av;&GufavmufyJxnfh/ yJyifaygufudk vufoD;qkwf 2 ckpmavmuf a&aEG;azsmvdkuf/

2) aNryJavSmftxkwfxJu aNryJaxmif;xm;/ BuufOavmufaygh/

3) BuufoGefeD yg;yg;vSD;w,f/ BuufOavmufqdk&if wpfvHk;udk tpdrf;twdkif; a&pdrfxm;vdkuf/


wpf0ufukd qDowfvdkuf/

4) qDwdkUzl; wpfwHk;eJU Chinese Leaf yJyifayguf aNryJ BuufoGefeD yg;yg;vSD;wdkU a&mvdkuf/


oHyk&moD; wpfNcrf; eJU tpyft&omtwGuf NiKwfoD; ukvm;atmfoD; oifh&Hkxnfh/ yJiHNym&nf
[if;pm;ZGef; wpfZGef;? qm; vufzuf&nfZGef;0uf odkU wpfZGef; xnfh? BuufoGefNzL qDowfeJU
qDoifh&Hka&me,fvdkuf/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 107

107) rkefnif;jzLcsuf (2) - abmhusef

ukdrSif
tJ'grkefnif;jzLav
olUukd *syefvkdokyfpm;Munfhygvm;/ odyfaumif;w,f/

1) wkd[l; wpfwHk;ukd upfcsif; ayyg (wpf½SL;BuD;BuD;/ wkd[l;rSma&rsm;rsm; tdaewmawGU&if ykdBuD;BuD;


vkdw,f/) eJYywfxkwfNyD; vufzuf&nfyef;uefjym;ay:wif? aemufxyf yefuefjym;wpfcsyfeJUtkyf?
tav;wpfckzdxm;NyD; 2 em&Davmufxm;vkduf/ 'g wkd[l;ukd a&ppfwm/

2) pm;cgeD;rS tJ'D[m 5 ½Gufavmuf/ vufwpfvHk;pDavmufjzwfyg/ a&udk qlatmifwnfyg/


a&yGufyGufql&if t½GufawGxnfhyg/ a&jyefqlwmeJU t½GufawGukdq,fvkdufyg/ a&at;oefUoefU
cGufxJ q,fvkdufwJht½GufawGxnfhyg/ t½GufawGukd a&pifatmif n§pfvkdufyg/

3) a&ppfxm;wJh wkd[l;twHk;ukd ,lvkduf? olUxJukd oMum;vufzuf&nfZGef;wpf0uf? yJiHjym&nf


tMunfxrif;pm;ZGef;wpfZGef;? t&uf (qeft&uf&&ifaumif;w,f/ r&&if b&ef'Dvnf;
aumif;w,f/) xrif;pm;ZGef;wpfZGef;? ESrf;qD enf;enf;av;xnfhw,f/

4) ta&;ygqHk; rdqkd; Miso udkxnfh&r,f/ tJ'gu *syeftac:/ ukd;&D;,m;rSmvnf; ½Sdw,f/


yJig;ydvkdrsdK;/ ajcxm;NyD;om; tpyfygwmukd BudKufw,f/ tJ'Daumifu Al;BuD;BuD;wpfAl;om
0,fxm;vkduf/ 0ufom;wkdU? Muufom;wkdU? Armvkdcsuf&if wpfZGef;avmufaumfxnfhvkdufwmyJ/
[if;u ykdpm;aumif;w,fAs/ tJ'Daumifukd xrif;pm;ZGef; 2 ZGef;avmuf xnfhvkduf/ qm;ukd
vufreJU vufn§dK;eJUn§yfNyD;,lvkdufoavmuf enf;enf;xnfhyg/

5) tm;vHk;a&marT? pm;ayawmh/ uRefawmfawmh 'Dwpfckwnf;eJUwif wjcm;tjrnf;rvkdawmhbl;/ ('DrSm


t"du uswmu wkd[l;a&pifzkdU&,f/ t½Gufudkn§pf&ifa&pifzkdUvkdw,f/ a&½TJae&ifpm;raumif;bl;)

6) 'Dae&mrSm rkefn§if;jzLr[kwfyJ wjcm;[mawGvnf; &w,f/ uRefawmfqkd [if;EkEG,f? uefpGef;½Guf?


rkefn§if;pdrf;? ukdufveftzl; okyfpm;zl;w,f/ tJ'Drdqkd;u &efukefrSmqkd&if City Mart rSm0,fvkdU
&Ekdifw,f/ *syefrdwfr[kwf&ifawmif ukd;&D;,m;rdwf½Sdwwfw,f/ ajcNyD;om; tpyfygwm0,f/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 108

108) aygufpDvkyfenf; - SandyM

Well..making burmese dumpling (paut si) takes time...if you really want to ..here's my
recipe..

ingredients for pastry


4 cup of wheat flour
1/4 cup of sugar
1 cup of water
3/4 table spoon of yeast
3/4 tble spoon of soda

ingredients for filling


500g of pork , 4 small onion, 100g of white cabbage
salt, MSG, sugar (according to your taste)
chinese five spice powder (chinese ma sa lar)
pork sausage, 1 table spoon of cooking oil

preparation for pastry


1 Mix water and sugar then yeast..leave the mixture for ten minutes to activate the yeast
2 Mix soda and flour into the mixture, knead it until it forms a dough
3 Set it aside for 2hours at warm place (room temperature) cover the dough with wet
towel to prevent skin forming..

preparation for filling


chop pork onion , cabbage and pork finely...heat the oil in wok..fry them about
10minutes..seasoned with salt, msg, sugar and chinese ma sa lar....put the filling into
fridge until very cold slice pork susage (if u like, u can put hard boiled egg also)

assembly
cut the dough into the size of golf balls..on a slightly oiled surface, roll the dough into
circle put the cold filling inthe middle.. put susage and sliced egg too fold the edges up
and place the seam side down on a piece of squared cut white paper, leave them 20
minutes for rising

cooking
steam them 25 minutes at medium heat
do not use too much water for steaming(my dad do it all the time and spoil all my hard
work)

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 109

109) MuufOcsufenf;rsm; - arausmf

vG,fvG,fulul&EkdifaomMuufOudk xrif;NrdefatmifrsKd;pHk csufenf;rsm; -

1/ MuufONyefaMumfqDNyefcsOf&nf ESifh yJoD;aMumfpdrf;pdrf;av;

yxrOD;pGmMuufOudkjyKwfyg/ MuufONyKwfaepOf MuufoGefeDcyfBuD;BuD; 1 vHk;? MuufoGefNzL 3 jrTmwdkY


udkyg;yg; vSD;xm;yg/ refusnf;oD;tenf;i,fcefYudk a&pdrfxm;NyD;? tdk;xJwGif qDtenf;i,fxnfhí
qDqlvmvSsif MuufoGef tNzL? teD? i½kwfoD;rIefYwdkYEiS fh qDowfyg/ tcGHcGmxm;aomMuufOrsm;udkvnf;
qDwGifxnfhíaMumfyg? tay:tumav;rsm; MuGyfíyGvmvQif refusnf;&nfxnfh ? qm;? tcsKdrIefY
taeawmf xnfhyg/ a&tenf;i,fxnfhNyD; qDNyefvmvQif rqvm tkyfNyD; pm;oHk;Ekdifygonf/

2/ yJoD;aMumf pdrf;pdrf;av;

yJoD;t&Snfawmifhrsm;udk vufESpfqpfcefYvSD;yg/ MuufoGefeDao;wpfvHk;eSifh NzL 1 jrTmwYdkudk


yg;yg;vSD;NyD;? ',ftdk; 1 vHk;wGifqDtenf;i,fxnfhNyD; qlvQif MuufoGefNzL? eDxnfhí teYHarT;vmvQif
yJoD;rsm; xnfhaMumfyg/ qm;? tcsKdrIefYoifh½kHESifh MuufO 1 vHk;azgufxnfhNyD; yJoD;usufvQif
pm;oHk;EkdifygNyD/

%%%%%%%%

110) ykZGefxkyfqDNyefESifh csOfaygifarTcsuf - arausmf

ykZGefxkyfqDNyefESifh csOfaygifarTcsufudk csufpm;Mu&atmifaemf tcsdef&Mur,fr[kwfvm;......

1) ykZGefxkyfMuD;qDNyef

yxrOD;pGm ykZGefrsm;udk acgif;NzKwf? tNrD;NzKwfNyD; qm;? tcsKdrIefY? eEGif;tenf;i,fwdkYNzifh e,fxm;yg/


MuufoGefeD OMuD;MuD; 1 O? MuufoGefNzL 3 jrTm? csif; tenf;i,fcefYudk axmif;vdkY&&ifaxmif;?
r&&ifpufeJY Mudwf? bmrSr½Sd&ifawmh 'Dtwdkif;omxm;/

NyD;vQif',ftdk;wGif qDudk udk,fhtMudKufay:rlwnfNyD; xnfhyg/ qDusufvQif MuufoGefeD? NzL? i½kwfoD;


tpdrf; rIefYrsm;udk qDowfyg? EGrf;vmvQif ykZGefrsm;xnfhyg/ qDNyefvmvQif toifhpm;EkdifygNyD/

2) csOfaygifarTcsuf

t&ifOD;pGmcsOfaygifaNcGyg/ tdk;wpfvkH;wGif csOfaygift&ifxnfh? MuufoGefeD ao;wpfvkH;vSD;xm;wmxnfh?


qD tenf;i,f? ykZGeftenf;i,f? qm;? tcsKdrIefY oifhawmf½kHxnfhNyD; csOfaygifEGrf;vmvQif
rdrdESpfoufovdk a& taetxm; csdefxnfhyg/ teHYarT;vmvQif pm;okH;Ekdifygonf/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 110

111) wdkY[l;okyf - qdGwD

'DaeY rqDGwDwdk.tdrfrSm wdkY[l;okyfpm;w,f ... usL;ypfy&dwfowfMuD;vnf; oGm;&nfus&atmif tJav


a,mifvdk. tdrfrSmokyfpm;vdk&atmif wdkY[l;b,fvdkusdKvJ okyfvJ aNymNyr,faemf ...
yxr arT;yJpdrf;rIefY udk a&eJ. 2;5 a&m&ygr,f ... txkyfMuD;wpfxkyfqdk tdrfrSmqefcsifwJhcGufeJY 2
cGuf&Sdygw,f ... vl4-5a,mufpmavmuf&Sdygw,f ... rqDGwDwdkYtdrfrSmawmh 3 cGufusdKygw,f ...
a&u 7 cGufcJGxnfhygw,f? jyD;&if qm;&,f tcsdKrIefY&,f eEGif;rIefY&,f enf;enf;pDoifhovdkxnfhNyD;
vufeJY yJrIefYtcJav;awG aMuoGm;atmif pdrfaNyeaNy ajce,fay;&ygr,f ... eEGif;rIefYu
ta&mifav;vSatmifyg ... aemufrdkYqdk wdk.[l;uNzLNzJNzJeJY vlrrma&mifaygufaeygr,f ...
5 rdepfavmufajcNyD;&if rD;zdkay:wifNyD; rD;Nyif;Nyif;eJY tqufrjywfarTay;&ygr,f ... arT&if;eJY 4-5rdepf
MumvdkY yspfvm&if rD;avQmhNyD; qm;tayghtiefNrnf;? vdk&ifxyfxnfhyg? 6rdepf-7rdepfMumvdkY anmifap;
us&if tqifoifhNyifxm;wJh cGufxJudkavmif;xnfhNyD; cJxm;vdkY&ygNyD ... tay:&HaMumav; vSatmif
ZGef;av;rSm qDqGwfNyD;acsmatmif oyfcsay;yg ... wpfem&DavmufMumvdkY cJ&if okyfpm; aMumfpm;zdk.
tqifoifhNzpfygNyD/

wdkY[l;usdKwJhae&mrSm vQKdY0Sufcsufuawmh tqufrjywfarTay;zdkYeJY rD;tavQmhtwif;udk *½kpdkufzdkYygyJ ...


aemufNyD; yJrIefYtcJav;awGudk aMuatmifajcay;zdkYvnf; ta&;MuD;ygw,f aemufrdkYqdk wdkY[l;u
NAKwfuav;awGxNyD; Munfh&qdk;ygw,f ... vSD;vdk.vnf;raumif;ygbl; ... rqDGwDwdkYtdrfrSmawmh
rqDGwD&,f tdrfOD;ewfMuD;&,f orD;&JYMuD;awmf&,f tifwdkuftm;wdkuf wvSnfhpD arTMuygw,f ...
tm;vHk; wdk.[l;okyfMudKufwJholawGcsnf;qdkawmh aysmfaysmfyg;yg;aygh...

wdkY[l;okyfzdkYtwGufvdkwJhypönf;awGuawmh
1) wdkY[l; yg;yg;vSD;xm;
2) a*:zD wpfpdwf &dwf&dwfav;vSD;xm;
3) MuufoGefOMuD;MuD; yg;yg;av;vSD;xm;
4) eHeHyif &dwf&dwfav;vSD;xm;
5) MuufoGefNzLqDcsuf (eEGif;rIefYav;eJYcsufyg)
6) refusnf;rSnfhazsmf&nf
7) ykZGefaNcmufrIefY
8) i½kwfoD;avSmfrIefY
9) yJiHNym&nf tMunf&nf
10) yJiHNym&nf taemuf&nf
11) i½kwfoD;ta&mifwifrIefYudk qDeJYcsufxm;wJhqDeD (ta&mifvSatmif)
12) wdkY[l;aMumfNyD; uwfaMu;eJYyg;yg;n§yfxm;
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 111

eHygwf (1) uae (11) xd oifhovdkxnfhNyD; tm;vHk;a&m zGzGav;e,fyg ... NyD;&iftay:uae eHygwf
(12) udkNzL;xnfhyg ...
uJ wdkY[l;okyf csOfiHpyfav; pm;vdkY&ygNyD ... a&aEG;Murf; ylylav;vnf;aomufygtHk; ...

wdkY[l;aMumfMuGyfMuGyf&G&Gpm;csif&ifawmh 'DrSmyg ...

arT; ukvm;yJtpdrf;rIefYudkaNymwmyg ... ywrqHk;yHkav;u yvyfpwpftdwfrSma&;xm;ygw,f ... yJrIefY


tpdrf;rIefY twdkif; a&eJYusdK&rSmyg ...
arT;r&vnf; wpfNcm;Nrefrm ukvm;yJtpdrf;rIefY b,fwHqdyfrqdk &vdrfhr,feJYwlygw,f ... rqDGwDuawmh
arT;wHqdyfyJoHk;bl;vdkYyg ... wpfNcm;EdkifiHawGrSm ukvm;yJtpdrf;rIefY 0,fvdkY& r&awmh rodyg ...
soya bean flour r[kwfwmawmhaocsmw,f ...
atmf ... arhvdkY yJrIefYtpdrf;rIefYeJY tusufrIefYeJYvnf; rSm;rusdKMueJYtHk; ...
uJ ar;aewmeJYyJ rqDGwDawmh udk,fwdkifawmif vmusdKay;csifpdwfawmifaygufvmNyD/

tifwmeufrSm&SmMunfhwm ukvm;yJu garbanzo beans, or chick beans, or chickpeas vdkYac:ygw,f/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 112

112) ykZGefcsOf - Amandior

uJykZGefcsOfvkyfenf;av; &S,fvkdufOD;r,f/
ykZGefrvkyfcifxrif;ukdrmrmav;csufxm;yg/yHkrSefcsuf&if csOfvkdY&S&d ifpm;raumif;ygbl;/
iSufaysm&GufukdrD;ylay;jyD; usufatmifvkyfxm;yg/ MuD;MuD;av; ykZGefvufnd§K;avmuf&SdwJYtaumif 25?
30 aumifavmufukd a&ajymifatmifaq;yg/ jyD;&if ykZGefacgif;xJu ykZGefqDukdxkwfyg/
(csD;rygygapESifY? csD;ygvQif ykZGefqDt&omysufoGm;Ekdifonf/) jyD;&ifykZGefajcaxmufawGygwJY
acgif;atmufykdif;ukdygvTifYypfyg/ ykZGeftcGHcGmzkdYvnf;vkdygw,f/

uJykZGefqDav;pcsufMu&atmif

ykZGefqDav;ukd tkd;ao;ao;av;ay:rSmrD;rQOf;rQOf;av;eJYwnfyg/ qm;? tcsdKrIefY vufzuf&nfZGef;


2ZGef;r&Sd w&Sdavmuf tJ'Dtdk;xJxnfYyg/ ykZGefqDukdarTaeyg/ r&yfypfygeJY/ teDa&mifazgufvmjyDqkdvQif
qD vufzuf&nfZGef; (2) ZGef;xnfYyg/ arTyg/ vdar®mfa&mifa&mufonftxdarTyg/ 15
rdepfavmuf&Sdygr,f/ hotplate 3 out of 10 scale eJYwnf&if/

uJxrif;taMumif;ajym&atmif/
xrif;udkrmrmav;wnfjyD;usufjyDqkd&if yef;uefjym;wpfckeJY tat;cHxm;yg/

ykZGefcsOfpvkyfMu&atmif

iSufaysm&Guf rD;ylay;jyD;om;ukd aZmufekufeufpumxJxnfYyg/ iSufaysmzufudk a&aygufazmufxm;yg/


(xrif;rSm&SdwJYa&awGqif;oGm;atmifyg/) iSufaysmzufr&SdvQif yvyfpwpfukdtaygufazmufjyD; oHk;Ekdif
ygw,f/
xrif;ukdqm;? tcsdKrIefY? oMum; pwD;ZGef; 1 0ufausmfcefYxnfYyg/ jyD;vQifykZGefqD av;yHkoHk;yHkavmufeJY
e,fyg/ xrif;rjyJygapESifh/ zGzGav;e,fyg/ tJ'DtcsdefrSm ykZGefav;awGukdzspfjyD; xrif;eJYtwle,fyg/
jyD;vQifiSufaysmzufxnfYxm;aom ZumxJodyfxnfYyg/ tay:qHk;rSusefaom ykZGefqDukd ZGef;ESifY
rsufESmjyif tESHY okwfay;yg/ jyD;vQif iSufaysmzufESifhyiftkyfjyD; tay:rSav;Edkifoavmuf
av;atmifzdxm;yg/
naevkyfvQifaemufaeYreufwGif qdrfhwkef;av;pm;Ekdifygonf/
csOfcsOfpm;csifvQif 2 &ufavmufapmifhjyD;rSpm;yg/

rSwfcsuf/ xrif;rSmukd,fMudKufoavmufxnfYpm;Ekdifygonf/ t&rf;rsm;vQif ykZGefrygovkdjzpfoGm;rnf/


t&rf;enf;vQifvnf; cPav;ukefoGm;Ekdifonf/ a,musfm; vufESpfqkyfcGJavmufxrif;ESifh tqifajy
ygonf/ qm;rsm;vQifjrefjrefcsOfonf/ enf;vQifpm;vkdYraumif;/

vkdtyfonfYt&mrsm;uawmY
ykZGef (acgif;ryg) vufnd§K;avmuf taumif (25-30) acgif;ygvQif b,favmuf&SdrnfrrSef;wwf
qm; vufzuf&nfZGef; 7 ZGef; ?tcsdKrIefY vkdoavmuf (rMudKufvQifrxnfhyJaeEkdifonf)
oMum; pwD;ZGef; wpf0ufausmfcefY ? iSufaysm&Guf? yvyfpwpfZumtav;(zdxm;&ef)
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 113

113) MumZHaMumfok
okyf - arausmf

vomvrf;rSma&mif;wJh MumZHaMumf (odkY) acgufqGJaMumfokyfESifh a*:zD[if;cg;ylylav; eJY tqmaNy


pm;&atmif aemf .......

1/ MumZHaMumf (odkY) acgufqGJaMumf

yxrOD;pGGm MumZHrsm;udka&pdrfxm;yg? a*:zDudk aMumfrnfhMumZHyrmP\ w0ufeD;yg;avmufukd


cyfMuD;MuD; 1vufrt½G,frsm; vSD;xm;yg?
NyD;vQif ',ftdk;wGifqDxnfhíqDqlvmvQif a*:zDrsm;udkxnfhaMumfyg? qm;tenf;i,fxnfhyg? qDrsm;vQif
MumZHaMumfonf ydktdípm;aumif;ygonf/
a*:zDrsm;usufvmvQif MumZHrsm;udka&rSq,fíxnfhyg? ¤if;aemuf yJiHNym&nftaemuftenf;i,f? qm;
tenf;i,f? tcsKdrIefY ponfwdYkudk rdrdtMudKufay:rlwnfí vdktyfovdkxnfhEkdifygonf? MumZHtdvmvQif
usufygNyD/
acgufqGJudkvnf; txufygenf;twdkif;aMumfEkdifygonf/

2/ a*:zD[if;cg;

a*:zDudkcyfxlxlav;rsm;vSD;xm;yg? [if;cg;udk rdrdaomufrnfhyrmPay:rlwnfNyD; tkd;wpfvHk;wGif a&udk


qlatmifwnfyg/ MuufoGefNzLtjrTmMuD; 2 jrTmudk rnufwnufaxmif;xm;yg? a&qlvmvQif iHNym&nf?
axmif;xm;aom MuufoGefNzL? tcsKdrIefYwdkYudk oifhawmfovdkxnfhyg? i½kwfaumif;rIefY? ykZGefaNcmuf
tenf;i,f? a*:zDwdkYudkxnfhí tzHk;ydwfxm;yg? teHYarT;vmvQif pm;oHk;&ef tqifoifhNzpfygNyD/

tokyfokyf&ef tcsOfazsmfenf;

i½kwfqDykvif;i,f 1 ykvif;? oMum;tenf;i,f? qm;tenf;i,f? rnufwnufaxmif;xm;aom


MuufoGefNzLOMuD; 3 jrTm? yg;yg;vSD;xm;aom i½kwfoD;pdrf;rsm;? eHeHyifwdkYudk yef;uefwpfvHk;wGif a&aEG;
tenf;i,fxnfhí cyfusJusJazsmfyg/
NyD;vQif MumZHaMumf (odkY) acgufqGJaMumfwdkYay:wGif qrf;í a*:zD[if;cg;ESihfwGJzufpm;EkdifygNyD/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 114

114) a&n§
a&n§d - auyD

rD;a,mh*k csufr,fqdk&ifawmh teHYudk aumif;aumif;owfEdkif&ygr,f.../ a&n§§dqdkwJhtwdkif; t&rf;nD§apmf


eHygw,f../ rMudKufolawGtwGuf../

t&ifqHk; rDa,mhudk a&pdrfxm;vdkufyg.../ MuufoGefjzLOudk "m;jym;&dkufjyD; rD;at;at;eJY tdk;uif;


wdkuf&ygr,f (qDryg)
aemufjyD; rD;a,mhudk trJom; .. 'grSr[kwf trJ&GwfeJY csuf&iftaumif;qHk;ygyJ../ trJom;udk
yg;yg;vSD;jyD; ESrf;qDeJYqDowf.. qDajcmufajcmufav;aemf.. jyD;&if pdrfxm;wJhrD;a,mhudk a&ppfjyD;
oifhawmfovdkydkif;yg.../ jyD;&ifawmh MuufoGefjzLeJY trJom;udk a&mvdSrfh (rD;a,mhygxnfhNyD;) vdktyfwJh
[if;cdsKcsufrIefYxnfh../ a&xnfh...'gyJ..
pum;rpyfajym&OD;r,f../ uMuD;rSmawmh rD;a,mhudk rD;aeonfawG.. emvHx vlemawGudk
wdkufavh&Sdygw,f.. olu temrSaoG;a[mif;awGudk pifMu,fapjyD; aoG;opfudkjzpfay:apw,fvdkY
,HkMunfxm;ygw,f.../ 'Dtdrfwpftdrfu rD;a,mhrsm;rsm; vm0,fjyDqdk&ifawmh rD;aeonf&SdwJhtdrfqdkwm
wef;oda&m... rauyDawmif aeYwdkif; rysufruGuf wpfvcGJ aomufvdkuf&ao;w,f..
om;av;arG;wkef;uav/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 115

115) ukvm;b,maMumf arT;arT; pyfpyfav; - qGdwD

'DDaeYawmh rqdGwD b,maMumf aMumfenf;av;aNymNyr,faemf ... b,maMumfr,fqdk yxrqHk;


ukvm;yJudk a&pdrf&ygr,f... a&wpfvufravmufNrKyfatmifpdrfyg... 'grS yJuyGvm&iftawmfygyJ...
tdrfrSmqefjcifwJh cGufeJY wpfcGufcGJavmufqdk vl3-4a,mufpmavmuf&ygw,f ... naepmqdk
reufwnf;updrfxm;&ygr,f ... NyD;&ifNyifxm;&rSmu
1) a&pdrfvdkYEl;aewJhyJudk nufaeatmifMudwfpufxJxnfharT 'grSr[kwf axmif;xm; (a&udkaocsm
pumeJYppfNyD;rSaxmif;yg ... aemufrdkYqdk a&awGrsm;NyD; aMumfvdkYraumif;yg)
2) *sif; vufr 2 qpfpmavmufeJY MuufoGefNzL 5 jrTmavmuf nufnufygatmifaxmif;xm;
3) MuufoGefeDOMuD;MuD; yg;yg;vSD;xm;
4) ysOf;awmfodrf 3 cufavmufudkacRNyD; uwfaMu;eJY yg;yg;n§§yfxm;
5) ylwDem 3 cufavmufudk uwfaMu;eJY yg;yg;n§yfxm;
6) i½kwfoD;pdrf; 6 awmifh avmuf yg;yg;vSD;xm; ... ‘tpyfMudKuf&ifydkxnfhyg
7) ukvm;av;rqvm 3 xkyf
8) eEGif;rIefY vufzufpm;ZGef; wpfZGef;
9) [if;csuf qdk'g vufzufpm;ZGef; wpfZGef; (xnfh&ygr,f ... rxnfh&if taMumfuryGyJ
uspfcJcJMuD;eJY pm;raumif;yg/ rqDGwD uawmh pvHk;rSm King wHqdyf oHk;ygw,f/ Bicarbonate of
soda vdkYa&;xm;ygw,f)
10) arT; ukvm;yJtpdrf;rIefY vufzuf&nfyef;uefeJY wpf0ufavmuf
11) qm; tcsdKrIefY oifhovdk
(vufzufpm;ZGef; wpfZGef;qdkwm ZGef;eJYtwd oyfcsxm;wmyg ... wpfZGef; armufarmufr[kwfyg ...)

xHk;pHtwdkif; tay:u[mawGtm;vHk;udk ZGef;av;eJYESHYaeatmifa&morarTNyD;&if aMumfzdkYtqifoifhNzpfygNyD


... qDyl&if yxrqHk; wpfck 2 ckavmuftprf;aMumfNyD; Nrnf;Munfh ... tayghtiefvdkwm xyfxnfhNyD;rS
tpdrf;aMumf&ifydkaumif;ygr,f ... (rqDGwD "mwfyHkrSmNyxm;wmu e,fxm;wmtm;vHk;&JYwpf0ufxJyg)

uJ ... b,maMumfusufygNyD ...rqvmeHYarT;arT;av;eJ.pyfpyfav;yg ... pm;vdk.&ygNyD ...

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 116

116) *sif; Muufom;aMumf - qGdwD

'Dae.awmh rqdGwD *sif;Muufom;aMumf (Ginger Chicken) b,fvdkaMumf&vJ aNymNyr,faemf ...


ukef;abmifMuD;aMumfeJY enf;enf;awmhqifygw,f ... olu*sif;av;awG ydkrsm;NyD; ydkarT;ygw,f ...
0ufom;eJY aMumf&ifvnf; &ygw,f ...
Nyifxm;&rJYypönf;awGu -
1/ Muufom;&ifyHk wpfckudk vufrwpfqpfavmuf twHk;av;awGwHk;NyD; yJiHNym&nftMunf&nf qm;
oMum; tcsdKrIefY oifhovdke,f NyD;&ifem&D0ufavmufESyfxm;
2/ i½kwfoD;aNcmuf 10 awmifhavmufudk tn§§macRxm;
3/ *sif;vufrt&G,f 5 ckavmufudk yg;yg;&dyf&dyfav;awGvSD;xm;
4/ Sweet Bean vdkYac:wJh yJoD; 10 awmifh 15 awmifhavmufudk [dkbuf'Dbuf tn§§macRxm;
(a&TyJoD; tNym;av;awGqdkvnf;&ygw,f)
5/ rHkvmOeD wpfydkif;avmufudk yg;yg;av;awGvSD;xm; (vScsif&ifawmh yef;yGifhyHkav;awGvSD;aygh)
6/ MuufoGefeD OMuD;MuD; 2 vHk;avmufudk &SpfpdwfpDpdwfNyD; tzwfuav;awGcGgxm;
&/ Spicy black bean sauce wpfZGef; armufarmuf (pvHk;rSmawmh b,f NTUC qdkifrSmrqdk 0,fvdkY
&ygw,f KUM KEE wHqdyfyg yHkrSmMunfhyg)
8/ oMum; wpfZGef;
9/ yJiHNym&nf tMunf&nffwpfZGef;avsmhavsmh (usm;wHqdyf teDa&mifyg - tpdrf;a&mifu teDavmuf
raumif;yg)
10/ yJiHNym&nf taemuf&nf (ta&mifav;vSatmif enf;enf;av;)
11/ MuufoGefNrdwf3-4yifavmufudk vufnd§K;wpfacsmif;pmt&G,fav;awGvSD;xm;
12/ qD 4ZGef; (ZGef;qdkwmuawmh [if;csdKaomufwJhzebra pwD;ZGef;t&G,fyg-ykvif;eJ.yHkrSm Munf.yg )

tay:u[mawG tm;vHk;NyifNyD;NyDqdk yxr ',ftdk;MuD;MuD;xJrSm qDxnfhNyD; rD;Nyif;Nyif;eJYxm;yg ...


qDusuf&if i½kwfoD;aNcmufav;awGudk ndKNyD; MuGyfvmwhJtxdaMumfNyD; q,fxm;yg ... NyD;&if
tJ'DqDxJrSmyJ *sif;yg;yg;vSD;xm;wmxJu wpf0ufavmufxnfhNyD;arTay;yg ... *sif;nd§K;NyD;
arT;eHYxGufvm&if Muufom;wHk; av;awGxnfhNyD;qufarTyg ...2rdepfavmufMumvdkY Muufom;wHk;av;awG
tay:,Hwif;NyD;rmvm&if eHygwf (3) uae eHygwf (10) xd tpOftwdkif; wpfckpD a&mxnfhNyD;
zGzGav;arTay;yg ... yJoD;av;awGusufNyDqdk tm;vHk;vnf;usufavmufygNyD ... MuufoGefNrdwfav;xnfh
tayghtiHNrnf; vdk&ifxyfxnfhNyD; csvdkY&ygNyD ... (yJoD;av;awG pdrf;aewHk;csyg ... yJoD;ta&mif
0goGm;&if pm;vdkYvnf;raumif; MunfhvdkYvnf; rvSyg) ... atmf ...arhvdkY
i½kwfoD;awmifhaMumfav;vnf; a&mxnfhvdkufygtHk; ...
tESpfeJYMudKufwwf&if usufcgeD; aumf&nfav;oifhovdkxnfhNyD;rS yspfyspfav; csyg ... oMum;eJY
yJiefNym&nfav; ydkxnfhaygh ... rqdGwDuawmh aumf&nfrygwm ydkMudKufygw,f ...tckcsufwmvnf;
aumf&nfrxnfhyg ...
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 117

uJ ... pm;vdkY&ygNyD&Sif *sif;eHYoif;oif;av;eJYyg ... xrif;NzLav;eJY vdkufygw,f ...NyD;awmhxHk;pHtwdkif;


a&aEG;Murf;av;eJ avG;ayghuG,f ...

awmh ... udkarmifcsdefY ... ckcsdefxd a&aEG;r&ao;bl;vm;awmh ... awmh rvJ ... 'gav;wnfwmudk ...
wuwJrSyJ aNymvdkufcsifbl; ... xxx …xxx… xxx…xxx…xxx….xxx…xxx…. xxxx……([D; ...
bmrSr[kwfygbl; rqdGwDZmwdNywmyg ...)

%%%%%%%%

117) oD;pHkyJukvm;[if;ESifhig;eD
ig;eDwltpyfaMumf - arausmf

1/oD;pHkyJukvm;[if;

yxrOD;pGm ukvm;yJ a&pdrfxm;yg/ reufrSm csufpm;rnfqdkvQif nxJua&pdrfxm;ygu


[if;csuf&mwGif yJNrefNref El;ygonf/
c&rf;oD;? ½kHywDoD;? yJawmifh½Snf? 'efY'vGefoD; wdkYudk rdrdESpfoufonfh taetxm;rsm;twdkif; vSD;Nzwf
xm;yg/
MuufoGefeDOMuD; 1 OvSD;NyD;? tdk; 1 vHk;wGif qDtenf;i,fxnfhí i½kwfoD;rIefYESifhqDowfyg? NyD;vQif
yJrsm; xnfh? NyD;El;onftxdNyKwfyg? qm;udkMudKrxnfhygESifh? El;&efMumwwfygonf/ yJEl;vmvQif
vSD;xm;aom toD;tESHrsm;udkxnfhyg? qm; ? tcsKdrIefY? wdkYudk rdrdESpfoufovdkcsdefxnfhyg?
a&cyfusJusJav;xnfhyg? toD; t&Gufrsm;El;í a&tenf;i,fcef;oGm;vQif rqvmxnfhyg? NyD;vQif
teYHt&omESifhNynfhpHkaom oD;pHk yJukvm;[if;udk oHk;aqmifEkdifygNyD/

2/ ig;eDwl tpyfaMumf MuGyfMuGyfav;

tdk; 1 vHk;wGif qDrsm;rsm;udk taiGYxGufonftxdqlatmif wnfyg? ig;eDwlaNcmufrsm;udk


xnfhxm;aom qDay:rlwnfí qDyrmP\w0ufcefYudkxnfhaMumfyg? ig;aNcmuftndKa&mifaNymif;vQif
MuGyfvmNyDNzpfí qDrS q,fxm;yg? i½kwfoD; av;pdwfuGJrIefY? MuufoGefNzLtjrTmMuD; 5 jrTm
rnufwnufaxmif; xm;aom t&mrsm;udk ig;aMumfNyD; qDwGifxnfhaMumfyg? qm;tenf;i,fxnfhyg?
MuufoGefNzLrsm;MuGyfvmvQif ig;aMumfrsm;NyefxnfhíaMumfyg? 'gqdkvQif oD;pHkyJukvm;[if;ESifh
wGJzufpm;&ef t&H[if; 1 cGufNzpfygonf/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 118

118) 0ufom;tpyfcsufqDNyefESifhrQpf
rQpfcsOfaygif
ygif- arausmf

1/0ufom;tpyfcsufqDNyef

0ufom;aygifom;NzpfNzpf? oHk;xyfom;NzpfNzpf rdrdESpfouf&mudk vufESpfopfcefYtwHk;i,fav;rsm; wHk;í


qm;? yJiefNym&nftaemuftenf;i,f? tcsKdrIefYtenf;i,fwdkYNzifh e,fxm;yg? MuufoGefeDOMuD;MuD; 2 O?
MuufoGefNzLtjrTmMuD; 3jrTm? *sif;wpfvufrcefYcyfyg;yg; wdkYudk i½kwfoD;tpdrf;rIefYESifha&m axmif;yg/
i½kwfqHk r½SdvQif ¤if;wdkYudk cyfyg;yg;ao;ao;av;rsm;Nzpfatmif vSD;xm;yg? tdk;wGif
qDtenf;i,fxnfhyg? qDql vmvQif axmif;xm;aomMuufoGefrsm;udk qDowfyg?
MuufoGefrsm;tenf;i,faNcmufíEGrf;vmvQif 0ufom;rsm;xnfhvHk;yg/ NyD;vQif a&udk 0ufom;NrKyfatmif
xnfhí cef;atmifwnfyg? a&cef;íqDNyefvmvQif [if;usufygNyD/

2/ csOfaygifESifhrQpfcsOf&nf

rQpfudkao;ao;tpdwfav;rsm;Nzpfatmif vSD;xm;yg? csOfaygifudkaNcGí a&aq;NyD;ppfxm;yg/ i½kwfoD;pdrf;


rsm;udk a&aq;tn§§majcGxm;yg? MuufoGefeDOao;1O? MuufoGefNzLtjrTmav;jrTmwdkYudk vSD;xm;yg? tdk; 1
vHk;wGif qDtenf;i,fxnfhí qDqlvmvQif ¤if;wdkYudkxnfhqDowfyg? i½kwfoD;ta&mifBudKufvQif
tpdrf;rIefYxnfhyg? t0ga&mifvdkcsifvQif i½kwfoD;rIefYtpm; eEGif;rIefYoHk;Edkifygonf/ NyD;vQifcsOfaygifxnfh?
rQifig;ydtenf;i,f? qm;? tcsKdrIefY? i½kwfoD;pdrf;rsm;xnfhNyD; csOfaygifEGrf;vmonftxd wnfyg?
t&Gufrsm; EGrf;vmvQif rQpfrsm;xnfhía&marTNyD; a&cef;atmifwnfyg? a&cef;vmvQif rdrdESpfoufovdk
a&taetxm; xnfhí tdk;qlvmonftxdwnfyg? [if;eHYarT;vmvQif rD;ydwfEkdifygNyD/
0ufom;qDNyefESifh wGJzufpm;vQif tvGefxrif;Nrdefygrnf/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 119

119) rkefefYvHk;BuD; vkyfenf; - ysdKysdKar

tkef;oD; cyf&ifh&ifhwpfvHk;udk jcpfvdkufyg/ aemufxyf tkef;oD;wpfvHk;udk t&nfn§pfvdkufyg/ (odkY)


tkef;EdkYAl; udk oHk;vdkY&ygw,f/

aumufn§if;rIefYudk a&eJYtaysmhtrmtaeawmfavmuf a&mufatmife,fyg .. abuifqdk'gav;


ZGef;ao;av; eJY wpfZGef;avmufxnfhe,fyg/ qm;av;enf;enf;ygxnfhe,fyg .. aumufn§if;
tenf;trsm; udk MunfhNyD; qm;xnfhyg/ NyD;&if a&pdkt0wf wpfckeJYtkyfNyD; 1 em&DcefYESyfxm;yg/

aumufn§if; ESyfxm;wkef; ... jcpfxm;wJh tkef;oD;awGudk qm;av; vufzuf&nfZGef; wpf0uf?


xef;vsuf (odkY) oMum;eJYtkef;,dk xdk;vdkufyg/ xef;vsufeJYu ydkaumif;w,f/ teHYarT;w,f/
xef;vsufr&Sd&ifawmh oMum;aygh/ NyD;&if oD;oefYyef;uefwpfckeJY z,fxm;vdkufyg/ tkef;,dkudkawmh
tcsdKravQmhygeJY? pm;raumif;yg .. tkef;,dkudk csdKcsdKav; vkyfyg/

tkef;EdkYudk qDav;wpfZGef;avmufxnfhNyD; usdKyg/ jypfvm&if rD;avQmhNyD; tkef;qDjzpfonfxd usdKyg/

tkef;,dkawG at;avmufNyD qdk&if .... e,fxm;wJh aumufn§if;udk tvHk;av;awGvkyf .. txJrSm


tkef;,dk tpmoGwfNyD; ... vHk;xm;vdkufyg/

NyD;&if tdk;xJudk axmywfav; enf;enf;xnfh .. qDav; xnfhNyD; .. ckeu vHk;xm;wJh aumufn§if;


vHk;av;awGudk usufonftxd aMumfvdkufyg .. MuGyfatmifaMumfp&mrvdkyg/ rD; rjyif;ygapeJ h/
rD;jyif;&if MuGyfoGm;wwfygw,f ../ MuGyfwmBudKuf&ifawmh qDrsm;rsm;eJY MuGyfatmifaMumfyg.. tJ'gqdk
rkefYvHk;BuD;aMumf jzpfoGm;ygr,f/ (rkefYvHk;BuD;aMumfqdk&ifawmh tkef;qDrvdkyg.. rkefYvHk;BuD;aMumf
vkyfcsif&ifawmh aumufn§if; e,f&if abuifqdk'gav; enf;enf;ydkxnfhyg/)

qDav; enf;enf; axmywfav; enf;enf;eJY rkefYvHk;awGudk [kdbufvSnfh 'DbufvSnfhaMumfvdkY


usufavmuf NyDqdk&if yef;uefxJ q,fxnfh tat;cHNyD; tkef;qDav;jzL;vdkYpm;EdkifygNyD/ (tkef;qD
rBudKuf&if 'Dwdkif;pm;vdkY &ygw,f/)

(tcsdeftquawmh twdtus rajymwwfbl; .. udk,fu twdkif;tqr&Sd .. vufrSef; rsufrSef; eJYyJ


csufwJholqdkawmh ... udk,fh[mudk tqifajyovdkom wdkif;qMuygukef/)

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 120

120) zvefawmifa0S;aMumf - qGdwD

'DaeY rqdGwDwdkYtdrfrSm naepm zvefawmifa0S;aMumf&,f ykZGefcsOfokyf&,f bl;oD;aMumf


b,maMumf&,feJY bmtom;MuD;ig;MuD;[if;rSrygyJ pm;Muw,f ... wpfcgwav pm;vdkYaumif;ygw,f
... acGswma&;vnf; Nzpfygw,f ...
MuHKwHk; "mwfyHkav; &dkufxm;vdkY b,fvdkcsufvJ twdkcsHK;aNymNyr,faemf ...

zvefawmifa0S;aMumf
1/ zvefawmifa0S;udk wpfvufrt&G,fav;awGvSD;Nzwf i½kwfusnfayGYav;eJY tomxkNyD;&if eEGif;rIefY
av;enf;enf; qm;av;wpfZGef;avmuf xnfYNyD; a& 15 rdepfavmuf a&pdrfNyD; a&ppfxm;yg ...
tap;av;awG aysmufatmifyg ...
2/ ykZGefaNcmuf 2 ZGef; armufarmuf&,f MuufoGefeDOMuD;wpfvHk;vSD;xm;wm&,f MuufoGefNzL
4jrTmavmuf &,f rSsifig;yd vuf 2 qpfpmavmuf&,f i½kwfoD;ta&mifwifrIefYenf;enf;&,f
a&mNyD;MudwfpufeJY Mudwf 'grSr[kwf axmif;yg...
3/ NyD;&if ',ftdk; rD;zdkay:wif qD 3 ZGef;avmufxnfh qDusuf&if eEGif;rIefYav;enf;enf;ypfxnfh
tay:u axmif;xm;wJh tpmawGxnfhNyD; ZGef;eJYtqufrjywfarTNyD;aMumfyg ... a&G0ga&mifoef;NyD;
arT;eHY xGufvm&if zvefawmifa0S;xnfhNyD; arTay;yg ... iefNym&nfav;&,f tcsdKrIefY&,f
oifhovdkxnfhNyD; qufarTyg
4/ arT&if;eJY tdk;uyfcsifvm&if ckeu i½kwfqHkaq;a&av;wpfZGef;pmavmufxnfh arTNyD; tzHk;zHk;
ESyfxm;yg ... a&cef;&if tayghtiefNrnf; vdk&ifxyfxnfhcsvdkY&ygNyD ...
zvefawmifa0S; tpdrf;a&mifrysufcif csyg ...
'DrSmpm;vdkY&ygNyD&Sif ...

zvefawmifa0S;r&Sd&if Asparagus vdkYac:wJh unGwfudkaMumfvnf;&ygw,f ... Asparagus uawmh


ae&mwdkif;rSm&vdrfYr,fvdkYxifygw,f ...
Muuf[if;cg;oD;aMumf uif;yHkoD;aMumf aMumifvQmoD;aMumf tm;vHk; 'DyHkpHtwdkif;aMumfvdkY&ygw,f ...
tpmaxmif;xm;wmu Muuf[if;cg;oD;qdk t&G,fvwf 4 vHk;pm aMumifvSsmoD;qdk
wpfawmifhpmavmuf &Sdygw,f ...
tcg;a&xGufatmif enf;enf;av; n§§pfypf&wmyJ uGmygw,f ...

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 121

121) ykZGefcsOfokyf pyfpyfav; - qGdwD

ykZGefcsOfuaps;MuD;vdkY yGg;atmif ykZGeftpdk 8aumifavmufudkNyKwf tcGHETmNyD; rnufwnufav;axmif;


NyD;rS a&mokyfygw,f ... tokyfuydkcsdKoGm;ygw,f ydkvnf;aumif;ygw,f ...
Nyifxm;&rSmu
1/ ykZGefcsOf 1xkyf (txkyfuawmfawmfao;ygw,f pvHk; 2usyfay;&ygw,f)
2/ ykZGeftpdk 8 aumifavmufudk qm; eEGif;av;NyKwf tcGHETmNyD; rnufwnufav;axmif;
oHyk&m&nfav; n§§pfxm; ...
3/ MuufoGefeD tvHk;MuD;MuD;wpfvHk; yg;yg;vSD;xm;
4/ i½kwfoD;pdrf; 5 awmifhavmuf yg;yg;vSD;xm;
5/ eHeHyifav; 5 yifavmuf &dyf&dyfuav;awGvSD;xm;
6/ i½kwfoD;avSmfrIefY ZGef;wpf0ufpmavmuf
7/ qm; tcsdKrIefYoifh&Hk
8/ qDwpfZGef;cJG
xHk;pHtwdkif; tay:uNyifxm;wmawG a&morarTvdkuf&if pm;csifozG,f ykZGefcsOfokyf
pyfpyfuav;&NyDaygh ...'DrSmyg&Sif

(rqdGwDjcifwJh ZGef;qdkwmuawmh [if;csdKaomufwJh zebra pwD;ZGef;t&G,fyg)


bl;oD;aMumfuawmh vlwdkif;aMumfwwfvdkY b,fvdkaMumfvnf;raNymawmhygbl; ... rqdGwDuawmh
,dk;',m;r,f taMumfrIefY oHk;ygw,f ...arT;atmif rkefYESpfxJ *sif; MuufoGefNzLav;
axmif;xnfYygw,f ... bl;oD;av;udk csdKatmif oMum;av;enf;enf;eJY MudKe,fxm;ygw,f ...
b,maMumfuawmh a&SYpmrsufESmrSm NyefMunfYyg&Sif
'DrSm bl;oD;aMumfeJ. b,maMumf ylylav;yg ...

atmifNrwfav; armifoef'geJY armifrufx&pf&JY ... rif;wdkYvmr,fqdkvdkY rqdGwD


tyifyef;cHNyD;vkyfxm;wm ... tckawmh raeYuusefwJhrkefYESpfawGeJYaMumfxm;wJh bl;oD;aMumfawG
rpm;csifpm;csifeJY pm;ae&ygayghvm; ... vlZdk;awG aemuf b,fawmhrSac:0l;... armiftdkyDeJ. armifZDZDZDa&
&SJ&SJeD ...
%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 122

122) 0ufom;wk
m;wkwfxdk;tvG,fvkyfenf; - aeaomfwm

(a&S hydkif;rSmwpfa,mufa&;xm;wmenf;enf;cufvdkYESrf;xyfNzL;wmyg )
usef;rma&;eJYrnDnGwfbl;yJaNymaNym 'DrSmuawmh 0uftoJawGESvHk;awGt&rf;aps;aygygw,f/ toJwckrS
NrefrmaiG 500 avmuf&,fyg/
toJeJY ESvHk;av;awGudkwHk; a&pifpifaq; .. (usruawmhyg;yg;&Snf&Snfav;wHk;ygw,f)?
MuufoGefNzLtESpf (&Sm0,fr&&ifudk,fhbmomaxmif;yg? t&nfpyfpyfav;Nzpf&ifydkaumif;r,f)?
*sif;rIefY? yJiefNym&nftMunfxnfhNyD; em&D0ufavmufEyS fxm;yg?
NyD;&if tdk;xJudka&xnfh .. 0ufuvdDpmawGe,fxm;wmxnfh? oMum;xnfh ..
yJiefNym&nftaemufenf;enf;xnfhNyD; rD;ao;ao;eJ hNyKwfyg?
em&D0ufavmufcsufNyD;&if t&nftNypftusJrayghtiefoifhovdkMunfhNyD;pm;EdkifygNyD?
usruawmhqm;rxnfhyg.. qm;yg&iftom;awGydkrmw,fvdk hMum;bl;vdk hyg?
toJuawmhMumMumcsufavrmavygyJ/

%%%%%%%%

123) w½kwfqefjyKwf jyKwfenf; -ysdKysdKar

qefudk vufESpfqkyfcefY a&aq;xm;yg/ MuufoGefjrdwfav;awGudk a&aq;NyD; yg;yg;vSD;xm;yg/

(ydef;O BudKuf&if ydef;OawGudk tcGHEGma&aq;NyD; twHk;av;awG wHk;xm;yg/)

0ufom; (odkY) Muufom;udk twHk;ao;ao;av;awG wHk;xm;yg/ (BudwfNyD;om; tom;awGudk


oHk;vnf; &ygw,f/) (0ufeH&dk;yg a&m xnfhvnf;&ygw,f/)

tom;udk qm;? tcsdKrIefY? oMum;? yJiefjym&nftMunf? i½kwfaumif;rIefYwdkYeJY a&me,fxm;yg/


(ta&mifrBudKuf&if yJiefjym&nf rxnfhygeJY/)

qefjyKwf jyKwfr,fh tdk;xJudk qD wpfZGef;cGJcefY xnfhyg/ NyD;&if oMum; ZGef;ao;wpfZGef;cefYxnfhNyD;


qDowfyg.. oMum;yGvm&if e,fxm;wJh tom;awG xnfhyg... qDowfyg ... tom;usuf&if
aq;xm;wJh qefudkxnfh qDowfyg/ (ta&mifvdkcsif&if yJiefjym&nftMunf wpfZGef; xnfhyg)/
tawmfwef qDowfNyD;&if a&rsm;rsm;xnfhNyD; qefudk aMurGoGm;onftxd jyKwfvdkufyg/
(qefawmfawmfEl;vm&if ydef;O xnfhjyKwfyg/ uefpGef;O xnfhvnf;&ygw,f/)

vdkwJh taetxm; qefjyKwfjzpfNyDqdk&if (qefaMuonftxd jyKwf&ygr,f/) i½kwfaumif;av; jzL; ....


MuufoGefjrdwfav;jzL;um ... Muuftlokyf .... Muuftonf;tjrpfokyf ... 0uf tlrBuD;okyf ..
0ufom;okyf .. wdk eJYwGJzufpm;oHk;EdkifygNyD/ (MuufOBudKuf&if qefjyKwfxJ MuufOygazmufxnfhyg/)

('DaeYawmh w½kwfrjzpfvdkuf ukvm;rjzpfvdkufeJYygvm;/ ) (usefwJh csdKcsOfaMumfeJY 12 rsdK;


[if;csdKuawmh aemufrSayghaemf )
%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 123

124) xrif;okyf - qGdwD

armifaut,fvftrfu b,fvdkxrif;okyfrsdK;aNymwmvnf;awmhrodbl; ... rqdGwDwdkYtdrfrSm


okyfpm;avh&SdwJh xrif;okyfrsdK; uawmh
1/ ykZGefaNcmufaxmif;xm;wm wpfZGef;
2/ yJrIefY tusufrIefY wpfZGef;
3/ MuufoGefNzLav; vSD;NyD;qDcsufcsufxm; wpfZGef; (eEGif;rIefYav;eJY ta&mifvSatmif)
4/ refusnf;rSnfhazsmf&nf NypfNypfav; wpfZGef;
5/ MuufoGefeDwpfvHk; &dyf&dyfvSD;xm;
6/ tmvl;av; (1) vHk; NyKwfNyD;yg;yg;vSD;xm;
7/ iefNym&nfoifhovdk
8/ tcsdKrIefY MudKufwwf&if
9/ aNryJqefav; &GaeatmifaMumfxm;

xrif;wpfa,mufpmavmufudk tay:uypönf;av;awG eHy,f (1) uae (8) txdxnfhNyD;


tmvl;av;awG raMuatmif zGzGav;e,f tayghtiefNrnf;NyD; vdkwmxyfxnfhNyD;&if aNryJqef&G&Gav;
tay:uNzL;vdkuf&if pm;vdkY&ygNyD ... Muufom;aMumfav;ygyg&if &efukefrEÅav; &xm;MuD;ay:rSm
vdkufa&mif;wJY xrif;okyfeJY awmifwlao; ...

%%%%%%%%%%%%

125) iHjym&nfcsuf - thunderhawk

yg0ifypönf;rsm;

iefjym&nf (udk,fBudKufoavmufxnfh)
ykZGefajcmuf (iefNym&nfeJU rSef;NyD;xnfh)
i½kwfoD; tusufrIefY
qm; eJY tcsdKrIefY
ta&mifwifrIefY
qD tenf;i,f

yxrqHk; qDenf;enf;udk rD;zdkay:wifNyD; ta&mifwifrIefUeJUqDowf NyD;awmh iefNym&nfxnfh enf;enf;


ylvm&if ykZGefajcmufeJUi½kwfoD;rIefUxnfh .... qm;eJUtcsdKrIefYuawmh taygh tav;twGuf vdktyfovdk
Munfhomxnfhvdkuf .. av;av;pm;csif&if qm;enf;enf;xnfh ... rsm;aomtm;jzifh 0,fxm;wJh
iefjym&nfAl;awGu enf;enf;ayghaewwfw,f ... uJ uJ iefNym&nfcsufawmh&NyDAsm ....
pm;omMunfhawmh .. aumif;raumif; ...

%%%%%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 124

126) cspfpkpwdkifvfxrif;okyfeJYoufoufvGwfxrif
xrif;csOf -rcspfpk
xrif;okyfwJh/ cspfpkvkyfpm;wJh tvG,fulqHk;xrif;okyaf wmh pOf;pm;jyD;a&;ay;vdkufw,f/ udkauvkyfpm;
csif&ifawmhvkyfpm;av/

1/ qefudka&aq; Rice cooker eJYxnfhcsuf.. jyD;awmh tat;cHxm;


2/ MuufoGefjzL 3jrTmavmufudk awmufawmufpOf;jyD; qDusufcsuf..MuufoGefeDqDusufvnf;&wmyJ/
3/ refusnf;rSnfhudk a&aEG;av;eJY ryspfwyspfav;azsmfaygh/
4/ aqmh (teDa&mif) bHkausmif;wHqdyfxifwmyJ? tJhwmudkvnf; a&aEG;av;eJYjypjfypfazsmf
5/ yJrIefY? qm;? tcsdKrIefY? iefjym&nf? ykZGefajcmuftrIefY tenf;i,fpDaygh

pjyD;e,fvdkY&jyD.. ZvHkMuD;xJudk vdkoavmuftat;cHxm;wJhxrif;awGudkxnfh.. refusnf;rSnfh&nf?


aqmhxnfh? yJrIefY? ykZGefajcmufrIefY vdkoavmufxnfh? qm;? tcsdKrIefY enf;enf;pDxnfh?
qDusufudktay:uae avmif;jyD;awmh vufeJYtm;&yg;&ome,fayawmh/ tJhvdkqdk&if t&omaumif;wJh
tvG,fwul xrif;okyf &jyD/ yJykwfrIefYav;xnfh&if arT;aewmyJ ydkpm;aumif;w,f/

t&nfaomufuawmh a*:zDudk [if;cg;av;csufvdkufaygh/ a*:zDudk tqifajyovdkvSD;jyD; a&aq;xm;/


ykZGefajcmuftaumifenf;enf;eJY a&aEG;MudKvdkuf/ a&aEG;qlvm&if a*:zDudkxnfh tdk;cscgeD;usawmhrS
Black pepper cwfvdkuf.. &oGm;jyD [if;cg;/

&dk;&dk;xrif;csOfvnf; tJhvdkyJvkyfpm;vdkY&w,f/ c&rf;csOfoD;trSnfhudk jyKwfcsifjyKwf? rD;zkwfvnf;&w,f/


jyD;awmh c&rf;csOfoD;tcGHcRwf? tapYawGudkz,fvdkufjyD; xrif;ylylaEG;aEG;av;eJY tm;&yg;&e,fvdkufyg/
tJh'DtcgrSm c&rf;csOfoD;tom;awGtzwfawG aysmfoGm;r,f/ tayghtieftwGufuawmh qm;tcsdKrIefY
vdkoavmuf xnfhayghaemf/ aemufe,f&if;eJY c&rf;csOfoD;tESpfawGuyfoGm;jyD;
c&rf;csOfoD;ta&mifxGufaewJh xrif;csOf udk&w,f/ jyD;awmhrStJh'Dxrif;csOfudk vufoD;qkyfavmuf
tvHk;av;awGqkyfxm;vdkuf/ pm;cgeD;usrS tJhwmudkzdjyD; tay:uae MuufoGefjzLqDusuf (odkY)
MuufoGefeD qDcsufxnfhjyD; [if;cg;av;eJYyJ wGJzufpm;oHk; Edkifygao;w,f/

cspfpkpwdkifvf xrif;okyf eJY oufowfvGwfxrif;csOfav;yg/ vkyfpm;Munhf aumif;rSaumif;/


a&cJa&onf uae xrif;okyfonfjzpfawmhr,f/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 125

127) *Pef;csufenf; - ysdKysdKar

(tm*sDEdkrdkwdk ... tJav (udk) ,mrmrdkwdk a& ... ESdyfpufyg aemf ... ESdyfpufyg ... csufxJrSmvnf;
ajymNyD;NyD ... zdk&rfrSm wpfcgxyfa&;cdkif;w,f .... vmava&mh .. csduGwf wjzpfvJ ordkif;jyKpkol
ysdKysdKar.... )

*Pef;awG udk xufjcrf;jcrf;NyD; a&pifpifaq;vdkufyg ... OeDeDrsm;ygvQif tcGHrS cGm,lxm;vdkufyg/

MuufoGefjzL 5 jrTmavmufudk ‘"g;jym;&dkufNyD; EkyfEkyfpOf;xm;vdkufyg.... *sif; uGrf;oD;vHk;cefY


wpfwufudk yg;yg;vSD;NyD; tacsmif;acsmif;av;awG jyefvSD;xm;yg...... MuufoGefjrdwfudk
vufnd§K;wpfacsmif;cefY t&SnfjzwfNyD; t&if;ydkif;awGudk 4 jcrf; cGJxm;yg/

MuufO wpfvHk;udk ememacgufxm;yg/ aumfrIefY xrif;pm;ZGef; wpfZGef;udk a&cyfusJusJ azsmfxm;yg/


w½kwf yJig;yd wpfZGef; udk tqifoifhvkyfxm;yg/

tm;vHk;tqifoifhjzpfNyDqdk&if ... ',ftdk;xJudk qD ZGef;BuD;wpfZGef;cefYxnfhyg/ qDyl&if ..


MuufoGefjzLESifh *sif;rsm;udk qDowfyg/ tenf;i,farT;vm&if yJig;ydwpfZGef;xnfhyg ... arTvdkufyg ....
NyD;&if oefYpifxm;aom *Pef;rsm;xnfhyg ... oMum;tenf;i,fxnfhyg .. tcsdKrIefY tenf;i,fxnfhyg
.. (qm;uawmh rvdkawmhyg ... yJig;yd rS tiefeJYvHkavmufygw,f.. cyfav;av;pm;csifolrsm;uawmh
qm;udk ygav&Hkav; xnfhvdkY&ygw,f/)/ ESHYoGm;atmif arTvdkufyg .. NyD;&if a&av; tenf;i,fjzef;NyD;
tkyfxm;vdkufyg ....

*Pef;vnf;usuf a&vnf;cef;&if MuufOxnfharTvdkufyg .... tdk;uyfrSmpdk;&if a& tenf;i,f


xyfjzef;yg ... MuufOrsm;usufoGm;&if ... azsmfxm;wJh aumf&nfudk tenfrxdkifatmif arTNyD;
xnhfvdkufyg... aumf&nfxnfhaewkef; vufuvnf; [if;tdk;udk arTay;yg .. r[kwf&if
aumfrsm;wpfae&mwnf;rSm cJoGm;wwfygw,f/ aumfMunfvmNyD; yspfoGm;wmeJJY (wpfrdepfawmif
rMumyg) MuufoGefjrdwfav; tkyfNyD; .. rD;zdkay:rS csvdkY&ygNyD/

xdk*Pef; eJY wGJzufpm;oHk;&ef tcsOfrSm ....


MuufoGefjzL udk "g;jym;&dkuf EkyfEkyfpOf;yg ... i½kwfoD;pdrf;av;udk yg;yg;vSD;yg ... NyD;&if yJiefjym&nf
tMunf.... oMum; ESifh oHyk&moD;n§§pfNyD; tcsOfpyfvdkufyg.. t&omudk ukd,fBudKufovdk jrnf;Munfhyg/
(AdkufawmifqmvmNyD/ a&;&if;eJY )

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 126

128) Muufom;yvmwm - ysdKysdKar

Muufom;udk a&aq;? twHk; cyfBuD;BuD;av;wHk;yg/ NyD;&if qm;? eEGif;? tcsdKrIefY? 'defcsOfwdkYeJY e,fxm;
vdkufyg/
MuufoGefjzL ? MuufoGefeD? *sif;? i½kwfoD; wdkYudk qDowfzdkY jyifxm;yg/
opf*sydk; ESpfacgufavmuf eJY u&a0;&Guf 4-5 &Guf udk qDowfzdkY jyifxm;yg/
yJrIefY tpdrf; qefjcifwJh cGuf wpfcGuf avmufudk a&usJusJ eJY azsmfxm;yg/ yJrIefYrsm;aMuatmif
azsmfyg/
EdkYpdrf; wpfAl; azmufxm;yg/
MuufoGefpdrf; eJY ylpDeHudk a&aq;NyD; yg;yg;vSD;xm;yg/

tm;vHk;tqifoifh jzpf&if yJ&nfav; t&if pusdK vdkuf&atmif/

t&nfazsmfxm;wJh yJrIefYawGudk tdk;oefY cyfao;ao; wpfvHk;xJxnfhNyD; ryspfrusJav; &atmifusdKyg ...


tdk;ruyfatmif tqufrjywf arTay;&ygr,f/ yJ&nfqlvm&if EdkYpdrf; wpfAl;vHk; xnfhvdkufyg ..
rBudKuf&if avQmhxnhfyg wpf0ufavmuf.. qm;av; tenf;i,f tcsdKrIefY tenf;i,f xnfhyg ..
rrsm;ygapeJY .. t&omygav[ef qdk&ygNyD/ yGufyGufqlvdkY tyspf tusJ taeawmf&&if rD;ydwfvdkufyg/

uJ.... Muufom;csuf&atmif/

tdk;xJudk qDxnfhNyD; rD;zdkay:wifyg .. qDudk enf;enf;av; ydkxnfhyg.... qDylvm&if .. opf*sydk; ESifh


u&a0; &Gufudk qDowfyg/ NyD;wmeJY MuufoGef? i½kwfoD;rsm;udk eEGif;enf;enf;av;xnfhNyD;
qDowfyg/ teHYaoavmuf&if e,fxm;aom Muufom;rsm;xnfhyg .. rqvm tenf;i,fxnfhyg ..
(rrsm;ygapeJY...rsm;oGm;&if rmqvmeYHoufoufyJ xGufvmNyD; .. opf*sydk; tarT;eHY aysmufoGm;wwf
ygw,f/) Muufom;qDowfNyD;&ifa&xnfhNyD; Muufom;El;atmifcsufyg/ Muufom;udk qDusefa&usefav;
jzpf&if csvdkufyg/

xdkYaemuf aMumfxm;wJh yvmwmudk zG .. n§§yf .. yef;uefxJxnfh ... Muufom;[if;xnfhqrf; ...


yJ&nfav; qrf; .... MuufoGef ylpDeHav;xnfhNyD; pm;oH;k EdkifygNyD/

tcsOfuawmh oHyk&moD; n§p§ fpm;Edkifygw,f (rysdKawmh rBudKufyg t&omysufygw,f) .. 'grS r[kwf


MuufoGefpdrf;udk 'defcsOf? qm;? oMum; tenf;i,feJY e,fNyD; tcsOfvkyfEdkifygw,f ... ylpDeH eJY
rkefvmOeDudk yg;yg;vSD; xnfhvnf;&ygw,f ..../

(awmfNyD ....... AdkufxJu oHpHkjrnfvmNyD .. .. tdyfawmhr,f/ )

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 127

129) rkefYvifr,m; - ysdKysdKar

uJ ..... vmygNyD .... 'Dwpfcgawmh udk*Ref*Ref aoG;awmif;aewJh .. rkefYvifr,m;


(olu yJjyKwfawmif tqifoifh jzpfaeNyDwJh ... 'DrSmu ra&;&ao;vdkY ... em;ylaeNyD ..... tJav
nufpd aemufaeNyD ... csufxJrSm )

qefrIefYoefYoefYudk a&azsmfvdkufyg/ tjypftusJtwGuf rysdK prf;wJhenf;uawmh .... ',ftdk;udkrD;zdk


ay:wifvdkufyg ... azsmfxm;wJh qefrIefYt&nf udk tenf;i,f ',ftdk;ay:wifvdkufyg ... usufoGm;&if
taysmhtrm prf;Munfhyg/ a&rsm;&if rkefYom;aysmhrSm jzpfygw,f/

azsmfNyD;om; qefrIefY&nfxJudk qm;? tcsdKrIefY? oMum;tenf;i,f (ygav&Hk)? xnfhyg/ pm;aqmf'g


wpfZGef; cefYygxnfhNyD; oratmif a&marTyg/

MuufoGefjrdwf tpdrf;a&mif tzsm;av;awGudk yg;yg;vSD;xnfhyg/ *sif;tenf;i,f udk axmif;NyD;


t&nfn§pf xnfhyg/ rrsm;ygapESifh/

NyD;&if xdkt&nfudk tzHk;tkyfNyD; wpfem&D ESpfem&DcefY ESyfxm;vdkufyg/

tm;vHk;tqifoifhjzpfvQif... tdk;uav; cGufcGufao;ao; &Smxm;&rSmjzpfygw,f/


ruyfwJhtdk;jzpf&ygr,f/ tdk;xJqDxnfhyg/ qDylvQif azsmfNyD;ESyfxm;wJh qefrIefY&nfrsm;udk
aocsmarTNyD;cyfxnfhyg/ iHk;OBudKufvQif iHk;Oav; azmufxnfhyg/ yJjyKyfav;xnfhyg/ atmufzufu
rkefYom;<uyfvm&if tdk;rSZGef;av;jzifh cGmvdkufyg/ cPjyefxm;vdkufyg/ rkefYom;usuf&if z,fvdkY&ygNyD/

tJvdkav; 2ck vkyfNyD; wpfckay: wpfck rsufESmcsif;qdkif xyfvdkuf&if rkefYvifr,m; &ygNyD/

(xdk qefrIefY&nfudkyJ a&usJusJ xyfazsmf ... *sif;&nfenf;enf; ydkxnfhNyD; .. tcsdK tief


t&omvdkovdk jrnf;vdkuf&if .... a&rkefY vkyfpm;vdkY &ygw,f/ yJjyKwfuav;vnf; tqifoifh
&Sdw,fqdkawmh/ a&rkefY vkyfwJhtcg rkefY&nfudk cyfxnfhNyD;wmeJY tdk;udkvSnfY&ygr,f...
NyD;rSyJjyKwfxnfhyg/ rkefYom; wpfae&mwnf;rSm xlNyD; usefraeatmif/ rkefYESpfawG tdk;rSmuyfNyD;
MuGyfvm&if a,mif;rjym;av;eJY xdk; cGmvdkufyg/ NyD;&if ESpfacgufacgufvdkY a&rkefY &ygNyD/ )

uJ .. udk*Refa& ... rkefYvifr,m; a&m a&rkefYyg wpfcgwnf;om vkyfpm;ayawmh/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 128

130) 0ufpwl; - ysdKysdKar

udke*g;eD 0Dav;eJYjrnf;zdkY 0ufpwl; .... ckrSyJ a&;ay;jzpfwm aqm'D;yg/

0ufom; oHk;xyfom; (odkYr[kwf) vufom; udk0,fyg (aygifom;u tom;Murf;w,f)/ tom;csnf;yJ


pm;csif&ifawmh vdkif;om;udk0,fyg/ twHk;BuD;BuD; xm;yg .. tom;wHk;udk twHk; ao;&if
pm;raumif;yg/

tom;rsm;udk aocsmaq;aMumoefYpifNyD;vQif ... qm;? tcsdKrIefY? oMum;? i½kwfaumif;rIefY?


yJiefjym&nf wdkYjzifh e,fxm;vdkufyg/ cPESyfxm;yg/ NyD;&if *sHKrIefY tenf;i,fvl;NyD; cgvkdufyg/

tdk;xJodkY qDZGef;BuD; ESpfZGef;cefY xnfhyg/ qDyl&if oMum; vufzuf&nfZGef; wpfZGef; xnfhyg...


oMum;yGNyD; tndKa&miforf;vm&if emewfyGifh 2yGifhcefY av;n§§if;yGifh 4-5 yGifh xnfhyg/ NyD;&if .. ..
e,fzwfNyD; *sHKrIefY vl;xm;aom 0ufom;rsm;xnfh qDowfyg...

oratmif qDowfNyD; 0ufom;rsm; teHYarT;vm&if ESrf;qD tenf;i,f vufzuf&nfZGef; wpfZGef;cefY


xnfhyg/ tom;rsm;udk cuf&if;jzifh ESHYatmif ememvdkufxdk;yg/

NyD;&if ... 0ufom;rsm;udk y&uf&SmuGwfum (odkY) pvdu k Gufum xJ xnfhNyD; .... MuufoGefjzL 5
jrTmcefYxnfh? a&xnfhNyD;? El;tdaeatmifcsufyg/ r&Sdygu a&udk 0ufom;jrKyfatmifxnfh El;tdvmonfxd
rD;ao;ao;eJY csufay;yg... El;vmvQif .. rdIajcmuf? Mumaph? rkefvmOeD rsm; xnfhNyD; rdIajcmufrsm;
El;vm&if a&rcef;wcef; taejzifh rD;ydwfvdkY &ygNyD/

udke*g;eDa& .. tjrnf;aumif;av; &ygNyD/

0ufpwl;eJY vdkufzufwJh tjcm; tjrnf;awGuawmh .. ,dk;',m; yJMumZHokyf (odkY) 0uftlrBuD;okyf


yJjzpfygw,f/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 129

131) ykpGefvHk;csdKcsOf - ysdKysdKar

'Dwpfcgawmh udkatmifausmf twGuf ykpGefvHk;csdKcsOf ...

ykpGef yJejym;av;awGudk 0,fyg/ r&&ifawmh ykpGefaAmhcsdwfvnf;&ygw,f/ 'gayr,fh ykpGefcGmwJh


tcgus&if acgif;uqDawG udkygz,fypfyg/ acgif;qDawGyg&if ykpGefvHk;u aMumfvdkufwJhtcg
tvHk;ysufwwfygw,f/ ykpGefav;awGudk tcGHcGmNyD; pumav;xJxnfh a&ppfxm;yg.. NyD;&if qm;?
tcsdKrIefY oMum;tenf;i,f (ykpGefudk oMum;enf;enf;ESifhe,f&if ykpGefuav;awGu
csufNyD;vdkYpm;wJtcgus&if aysmhpdpd jzpfraeygbl;.. rmrm xkwfxkwfav;jzpfNyD; pm;vdkY
ydkaumif;ygw,f) ESifh e,fvdkufyg/

MuufoGefjzL 3-4 jrTmavmuf (ykpGef tenf;trsm;udkMunfhyg/) udk i½kwfqHkxJ nufatmifaxmif;yg/


(*sif;rxnhf&yg .. ykpGef[if;csufaomtcg *sif;xnfh&if ykpGef\ arT;aom teHY aysmufwwfygonf/)/
MuufoGefjzLnuf&if ykpGefawG xnfhaxmif;yg/ ykpGefawG ap;vmonfxd axmif;yg... axmif;NyD;om;udk
yk*HwpfckxJz,fxm;yg/

NyD;&if ykpGefvHk;awGudk aMumf&atmif ..... tdk;xJ qDxnfh qDylvm&if vufudka&qGwfNyD; axmif;NyD;om;


ykpGefrsm;udk vHk;NyD; qDtdk;xJxnfhaMumfyg/ ykpGefvHk; vHk;&if vufudk a&av; qGwfqGwfNyD;vHk;yg/
r[kwf&if ykpGefrsm; vufrSmuwfaewwfygw,f/ eDa&mifoef;NyD; usuf&if q,fxm;vdkufyg/

csdKcsOfaMumf twGuf yef;a*:zD? a&TyJoD;? i½kwfoDtyG? ajymif;zl;i,f (abbDuGef;? a*:zD rkefvmOeD?


rQpf wdkYudk ESpfoufovdk vSD;cRwfxm;yg/

MuufoGefeDudk cyfxlxl tuGif;vdkuf vSD;xm;yg/

aumfrIefY? i½kwfqD ESifh oMum; vufzuf&nfZGef; 2 ZGef;cefY? &Smvum&nf tenf;i,fwdkYudk


a&eJYazsmfxm;yg/

tqifoifh jzpf&if .. ',ftdk;xJudk qD ZGef;BuD; wpfZGef;xnfhyg/ MuufoGefjzL 2 jrTmcefY "g;jym;&dkufNyD;


qDowfvdkufyg/ NyD;&if yef;a*:zDESifh ajymif;zl;udk t&ifxnfhyg... cPaerS usefwJht&Gufrsm; xnfhyg/
qm;? tcsdKrIefY? oMum;xnfhyg/ t&Gufrsm;EGrf;&if .. azsmfxm;wJh aumfrIefYESifh tcsOf&nfudk
xnfhNyD;arTyg.. aumf&nf yspf vmonfxd arTyg.. csdKcsOft&omudk ESpfoufovdkjrnf;NyD;&if
aMumfxm;aom ykpGefvHk;rsm; xnfhyg/ NyD;&if rD;ydwfNyD; yef;uefxJ vSyaooyfpGmxnfhNyD; Nrdef&SufpGm
oHk;aqmifEdkifygNyD/

(csdKcsOf udk pm;cgeD;rS csufNyD; ylylavmavm pm;wmaumif;ygw,f .. BudKcsufxm;&if


t&GufaawGEGrf;oGm;NyD; ta&mifajymif;um aumf&nfvnf; usJoGm;wwfygw,f ... tjrifrvSovdk
pm;vdkYvnf;raumif;yg/) (ykpGefvHk; tpm; 0ufom;vHk;aMumf xnhfcsufvnf; wlwlygyJ ... 0ufom;vHk;
csdKcsOfaygh ... t[D; )

csdKcsOfaMumfeJY vdkufzufwJh [if;csdK wpfrsdK;uawmh ig;pDazmif; [if;csdKyJ jzpfygw,f/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 130

132) ,dk;',m;pwdkifMuufom;okyf - qGdwD

'DaeYawmh vmavh ,dk;',m;pwdkifMuufom;okyf ...


Nyifxm;&r,fYypönf;awGu
1/ Muufom;&ifyHkom;wpfckudk 2 ydkif;ydkif; yJiefNym&nftcsKd&nf? qm;? i½kwfaumif;enf;enf;eJYe,f?
15 rdepfavmufESyfxm;? NyD;&if pyg;vifwpfacsmif;xk&dkufxnfh? a&enf;enf;xnfhNyD;
Muufom;usufonftxd NyKwfxm;yg/ Muufom; t&rf;El;tdaeatmif rNyKwfygESifh/ okyfwJhtcg
aMuoGm;rSmpdk;vdkYyg/ NyD;&if Muufom;av;awGudk vufuav;eJY trSsifav;awGrGxm;yg/
2/ Muufom;NyKwfa& (tay:uMuufom;NyKwfwJhxJu ta&av;enf;enf;usefatmifNyKwfNyD;iJSY,lxm;yg)
3/ MuufoGefeDwpfvHk;udk eEGif;rygyJESifh qDcsufav;csufxm;yg
4/ pyg;vifao;ao;wpfacsmif;udk tay:,H tcGHudkcGgvTifhypf? t&if;ydkif; wpfvufr tzsm;ydkif;
wpfvufr avmufvSD;xkwfNyD; tv,fydkif;av;udkyJ &dwf&dwfav;awGvSD;xm;yg ...
(tNrpfem;uyfaewJh ae&mu tpdrf;pm;&if teHYwpfrsdK;&ygw,f 'gaMumifhvSD;xkwfcdkif;wmyg)
5/ MuufoGefeD eJY a*:zDudkvnf; yg;yg;av;awGvSD;xm;yg
6/ a&Smuf&Guf 2&Gufavmuf eHeHyif ylwDem yifpdrf; tp&SdwJY tarT;&GufawGudkvnf; yg;yg;vSD;xm;yg
a&Smuf&Gufucg;wwfwJh trsdK;qdk&ifawmh avSsmhxnfYyg
7/ i½kwfoD;pdrf; 6awmifh 7awmifhavmuf yg;yg;vSD;xm;yg? tpyfrMudKuf&ifavsmhxnfhyg
8/ oMum;[if;csdKaomufZGef;wpf0uf (odkY) ysm;&nf
9/ ,dk;',m;iefNym&nf oifh&Hk(ig;yduawmh eHrSmaMumuf&if rxnfhygeJY)
10/ oHy,dkoD; (Lemon) wpfvHk; r&Sd&ifawmh oHyk&moD; (Lime) t&nfn§pfxm;yg (oHy,dkoD;u
t&nfvnf;ydk&Trf;w,f arT;vnf;ydkarT;ygw,f ...)
11/ tcsdKrIefYMudKufwwf&if oifh&Hk
12/ ESrf;avSmf ZGef;wpf0ufavmuf

tay:uypönf;awGudka&mxnfhNyD; zGzGav;e,f NyD;okyfyg ... taygh tief tcsdK pdwfMudKufNyifyg ...


uJpm;vdkY&ygNyD 'DrSmyg...

csOfiefcsdKpyfuav;eJY arT;vnf;arT;y... 0uf&dk;eJ. ausmufz&HkoD;a&mcsufwJh [if;csdKav;eJYqdk tifrwef


vdkufygw,f ...
%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 131

133)rk
133)rkefU[if;cg;zwfESifhig;jyKwf
ig;jyKwf&nfokyfpm;enf;- littletoy
vG,fvG,fululcsufpm;vdkU&wJh rkefU[if;cg;zwfeJU ig;jyKwf&nfcsufenf;av;ajymjyyghr,f/
jynfyuolawGvnf;csufpm;vdkUvG,frSmyg/
rkefU[if;cg;zwftajcmufeJUoHk;vdkU&ygw,f/

vdktyfonfhypönf;rsm;
1/ rkefU[if;cg;zwf - (1) ydóm
2/ ig;cl (odkU) ig;usnf; - (30) om;
3/ MuufoGefeD - (3) O
4/ MuufoGefjzL - tjrTmBuD; (4) jrTm
5/ *sif; - tenf;i,f
6/ pyg;vif - (1) acsmif;
6/ iefjym&nftcsKd&nf
7/ eHeHyif

ig;jyKwf&nf
ig;usnf; (odkY) ig;cludk jzLNyD; tn§drsm;ajymifpifatmif a&aq;yg/ (ig;udk
taumift&rf;ao;wmroHk;ygeJY? tom;enf;rSmpdk;vdkY) ig;udka&aq; tlxkwfNyD; eEGif;? qm;jzifhe,fNyD;
tkd;wpfvHk;xJxnfhyg/
MuufoGefjzL ESifh *sif;udka&maxmif;NyD; ig;tkd;xJxnfhyg/ pyg;vifudkxk½dkufNyD;pnf;í
ig;tdk;xJodkUxnfhyg/ NyD;vQif iefjym&nftcsKd&nf (rsm;rsm;oHk;&ygrnf ) ? a&oifhwifh½HkxnfhNyD;
yGufyGufqlatmifjyKwfay;yg/
(ig;jyKwf&mwGif a&oifhawmf½Hkomxnfhyg ? a&rsm;ygu pm;raumif;yg) ig;jyKwfqlygu
ig;tom;rsm;udk yef;uefwpfckwGif oD;oefUETifxm;NyD;t½dk;rsm; ig;jyKwf&nftdk;rS z,fxkwfvkdufyg/
qDcsuf
MuufoGefeDyg;yg;vSD;yg/ qDig;usyfom;cefUxnfhNyD; MuufoGefjzifh arTaMumfyg/ MuufoGefrsm; teDa&mif
rorf;cif rD;zdkay:rScsyg /

oHk;aqmif&ef
yef;uefwpfckwGif rkefUzwfvkdoavmufxnfh? MuufoGefqDcsufxnfh? eHeHyifxnfh? tpyfBudKufvQif
i½kwfoD; tusufrIefUtenf;i,fxnfh? ig;tom;tenf;i,fxnfh? ig;jyKwf&nf oifhoavmuf
qrf;NyD;&if tqifoifh pm;vkdU&ygNyD/ (t&omvdkaew,fqdk&if ig;jyKwf&nfrSmyJ tcsKdtav;xyfxnfhNyD;
jyifqifEkdifygw,f)
rwwfwwwfeJU odoavmufawmh &rf;jzD;xm;ygw,f pm;aumif;&ifvnf; jyefajymMuygOD; ..
pm;raumif;&ifawmh csufwJhvlnHhvdkYvdkY BudKajymxm;ygw,f

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 132

134) ig;z,fjcpfokyf ESifh yJjym;okyf - ESif;qDzl;

vdktyfaomypönf;rsm;
ig;z,fjcpf - 10usyfom;
MuufoGefeDtaeawmf - 3vHk;
MuufoGefjzL - 7 jrTm
csif; - tenf;i,f
a*:zD - 25usyfom;
a&Smuf&Guf - tenf;i,f
yJrIefYtusuf - tenf;i,f
oHyk&moD; - 1vHk;
qD
qm;
tcsdKrIefY
eEGif;rIefY

t&ifqHk; ig;z,fjcpfudk MuufoGefjzL? csif; (ig;n§DeHYaysmufatmif)? qm;? tcsdKrIefY ?eEGif;rIefY wdkYjzifh


pD;vmonftxd axmif;yg/ (axmif;&ef tcuftcJ&Sdygu vufjzifhoratmif e,fyg) NyD;vQif aMumf&ef
tjym;av;rsm;jym;yg/ (jym;&mwGif vufudk qDqGwfíjym;yg? qDrqGwfygu
tjym;rsm;raooyfonfhtjyif ig;z,fjcpfrsm;vufwGif uwfaewwfygonf) NyD;vQif
',ftdk;xJodkYqDxnfhum qDylvmvQif jym;xm;aom ig;z,fjcpfrsm;xnfhí rsufESmjyif&Jvmonftxd
(odyf<uyfwmrBudKufvQif tcsdefavsmh) aMumfyg/ NyD;vQif q,fNyD;qDppfxm;NyD; tat;cHyg/
at;oGm;aomig;z,faMumfrsm;udk rdrdBudKufESpfoufaom t&G,fn§yfyg/
MuufoGefteDrsm;udk yg;yg;vSD;NyD; qDcsufcsufyg/ MuufoGeftjzLudk axmif; (xk) NyD;qDcsufcsufyg/
(MuufoGeftjzLudk axmif;NyD;qDcsufcsufwm ydkarT;ygonf) a*:zDESifha&Smuf&Gufudk a&aq;NyD; yg;yg;vSD;
xm;yg/ tm;vHk;tqifoifhjzpfaomtcg ig;z,fjcpf? a*:zD? qDcsuf (MuufoGefjzL? MuufoGefeD)?
tayghtief rdrdBudKufESpfoufovdkxnfhyg/ oHyk&m&nfav;n§pf? a&Smuf&Gufuav;jzL;yg/
teHYarT;NyD; t&omaumif;wJh ig;z,fjcpfokyfwpfyJGudk oHk;aqmifEdkifygNyD/ tvdkufzufqHk;uawmh bl;oD;
[if;cg;av;eJYyg/
(ig;z,fjcpfokyfESifhyJjym;okyf tm;vHk;twlwlygyJ? ig;z,fjcpfaMumfae&mrSm yJjym;aMumfxnfh½HkygyJ)

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 133

135) 0ufeH&dk;(odkUr[kwf)ykZGef ig;yd


g;ydcsuf - Bloom

0ufeH&dk; (odkYr[kwf) ykZGef


a&csKdig;yd
i½kwfoD;pdrf;EkyfEkyfpOf;
qDenf;enf;

ig;yd&nfusdKxm;jyD; t&dk;ppfxm;yg/
i½kwfoD;udkEkyfEkyfjzpfatmif axmif;&ifaxmif;? raxmif;&if Mudwfxm;yg/
i½kwfoD;ta&mifwifrIefYudk qDowfxm;yg (juufoGefjzL eD ryg) 0ufeH½dk; (odkYr[kwf) ykZGefudk
i½kwfoD;pdrf; EkyfEkyfpOf; (w0ufcefY) ESihfa&me,fjyD;ESyfxm;yg/ i½kwfoD;pdrf;udk qDylylwGif
usufoGm;atmifaMumfay;yg.. rwl;ygapeJY (i½kwfoD;rusufygu Adkufemwwfonf)/
i½kwfoD;pdrf;usufygu i½kwfoD;ta&mif wifrIefYqDowfxm;wmeJYa&mjyD; 0ufeH&dk; (odkY) ykZGefudk
xnfYvkH;ay;yg/ tom;rusufwusufavmufrSm ig;yd&nfusdKudkavmif;jyD;.. 0ufom;El;atmifwnfay;yg..
qm;ayghvQif qm;enf;enf;xnfYay;yg/ [if;&nf rsm;rsm;jzifh csufyg/ 0ufeH&dk;ESifhcsufvQif
tcsdefenf;enf;Mumygw,f.. ykZGefeJYqkd&ifawmY.. awmfawmfudk jrefygw,f/ eHeHyifBudKufwwfvQif
eHeHyifxnfhay;yg/
ocGm;oD;wdkYp&mESifh tvGefvdkufygonf/

PS. olrsm;awG&JU [if;csufenf;awGjrifvdkY Bloom vnf; wwforQ rSwforQ a&;wifwmyg..

%%%%%%%%

136) darkdemon &JU]tjrnf


]tjrnf;} - darkdemon

0ufom;a&SmifwJh udkudkawGtwGuf 0ufqDzwftpm; MuufqDzwfyg/ MuufqDzwfudk qm;? [if;cwfrIefY?


eEGif;rIefUeJU e,fNyD; tqDawG xGufoGm;atmif qDenf;enf;eJY aMumfvdkufyg/ tJ'Dtcg
udk,fxnfhvdkufwJh qDtjyif qDoHk;qavmuf xGufvmygvdrfhr,f/ xGufvmwJh MuufqDuvnf;
t&om&SdwmrdkU MuufqDxrif; vkyfpm;vnf;&w,f/
]t"du u MuufqDzwfyJ} qDxkwfxm;wJh MuufqDzwfudk tudkwdkUa& ---- 'Dtwdkif;awmifrS pm;vdkY
aumif;w,f qdkawmh tjrnf;vkyf&&ifawmh awmfawmfhudk aumif;rSmAs/ udk,fwdkifvkyfpm;Munfhaemf/
NyD;&if aemfhudkvnf;auR;zdkU rarheJUaemf/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 134

137) &Srf;acgufqGJ (2) - Bloom

vdktyfaomypönf;rsm;

eef;BuD;zwf
c&rf;csOfoD;(ao;ao;av;awGvSD;xm;yg)
Buufom; (odkYr[kwf) 0ufom; EkyfEkyfpOf;
yJykyf
&Srf;csOf (odkYr[kwf) rkefnif;csOf
qDwdkY[l;
ajryJqHaxmif;

tdk;xJwGifqDtenf;i,fxnfhjyD; c&rf;csOfoD;udkcsufyg/ &Srf;csOf (rkefnif;csOf) udk cyfao;ao;vSD;jyD;


xnfhyg ... yJiefjym&nfenf;enf;xnfhyg/ yJykyfudkrD;zkwfjyD; nufatmifaxmif;xm;yg/ c&rf;csOfoD;
aMuoGm;aomtcg yJykyfudkxnfYjyD; yJykyfusufatmifwnfay;yg/ (yJykyfrusufygu pdrf;apmfeHwwfonf)
xdkYaemuf c&rf;csOfoD;tESpf enf;enf;,ljyD; aemuftdk;wvkH;wGif Muufom; 'grSr[kwf 0ufom;udk
qDjyefatmif csufxm;yg/
eef;juD;zwf (NTUC wGif0,fvdkY&ygw,f) udkenf;enf;aysmYoGm;atmifa&aEG;azsmvkdufyg/
tm;vkH;jyD;ygu eef;juD;udk yef;uefwGifjyifjyD; c&rf;csOfoD;yJykyfcsuf? juufom;? yJiefjym&nf taemuf
enf;enf;.. qDwdkY[l;enf;enf; (tieft&omtwGuf) ajryJqHaxmif; wdkYudk oratmife,fjyD;
&Srf;csOfESifh pm;yg/ tieft&omtwGuf qm;udkrokH;yJ qDwdkY[l;ESifhyJiefjym&nfftMunfudkyJokH;yg/
qDwdkY[l;udk pvkH;rSmawmY &Srf;awmifwef;rSm0,fvdkY&ygw,f/
eef;juD;zwftpm; &Srf;acgufqGJzwfeJYvnf;pm;vdkY&ygw,f/
&Srf;acgufqGJtppfawmYr[kwfygbl;..b,fvdkac:rSef;vnf;rodygbl;
vufwnfYprf;avQmufvkyf&if; pm;aumif;vdkY wifvdkufwmyg/
pm;raumif;vnf;... [D;[D; aqm&D;aemf/
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 135

138) aumufn§ifif; a&Txrif; - ysdKysdKar

udkrufa& .. 'Dwpfcgawmh pmeJY aocsmjyeful; rSwfxm;aemf....


aumufn§if;qefudk em&D0ufcefY a&pdrfxm;yg/ NyD;&if aumufn§if;udk ½dkufpfuGwfumeJY csufvdkufyg/
xrif;csufonfh a&csdef twdkif;csufyg/

tif'dkeD;&Sm;uvmwJh xef;vsuftrJ ... r&&if ½dk;½dk;xef;vsufudkyJ BudKyg.. a&av;


enf;enf;av;yJxnhfNyD; .... qm;av;xnfhum anmifap; ruswus jzpfatmif usdKyg/

aumufn§if;usufwmeJY usKdxm;wJh xef;vsuf&nf ylyleJY aumufn§if; ylyludk oratmif


a&me,fvdkufyg/

NyD;&if Aef;xJudk qDtenf;i,f okwfvdkufyg/ xef;vsufeJY e,fxm;wJh aumufni§ f;rsm;udk Aef;xJ


xnfhNyD; a,mufrav; eJY vdkufzdum rsufESmjyif nDatmifn§dvdkufyg/ rsufESmjyifudk
qDtenf;i,fokwfvdkufyg/ NyD;wmeJY tmAefxJ em&D0ufcefY xnfhzkwfvdkufyg/ tmAef r&Sdygu
tay:rD; atmufrD; eJY tylay;zkwfvdkY &ygw,f/ rsufESmjyifwif;vmNyDqdk&if tat;cHxm;vdkufyg/

at;oGm;ygu twHk;av;awG wHk;NyD; tkef;oD;rIefYav; jzL;um pm;oHk;EdkifygNyD udkrufa&/...

%%%%%%%%

139) tonf;pm;enf; - abmhusef

tonf;u aMumfpm;wmaumif;w,f/ tonf;ukd a&pifatmifaq;/ yg;yg;vSD;xm;/ *sif;ukd tacsmif;


tacsmif; ao;ao;av;awGvSD;xm;/ MuufoGefjzL"g;jym;½kduf/ MuufoGefjzLtjrdwfudk vuf2qpfavmuf
twHk;av;awGwHk;/
',ftkd;ukdrD;jyif;wkduf/ qDxnfh/ rD;avsmh/ oMum; xrif;pm;ZGef;eJU armufarmuf wpfZGef;xnfh/ arTyg/
tjr§yfav;awGxvmNyDqkd&if tonf;ukdxnfharT/ *sif;ukdvnf;xnfh/ yJiefjym&nft&ifh enf;enf;xnhf/
qm;xnfh/ qDenf;enf;jyefvm&if MuufoGefjzL"g;jym;½kdufeJU MuufoGefjzLjrdwfudk xnfharT/ pm;awmh/
pm;cgeD;rSaMumfwmaumif;w,f/ ylylav;pm;rS tonf;u Ekw,f/ at;oGm;&if&ifhoGm;a&m/ tonf;udk
tay:cGHav;wif;vmNyD; arT;vm&ifcsvkdufawmh/ tonf;u odyfMumMumaMumfav rmavyJ/ (wnfhwnhf
ajymaewmaemf/ ½lyuawG edrdwfawG avQmufpOf;pm;raeeJYOD;)
aMumiftonf;awmhrpm;zl;bl;/ (trSwf) onf;ajcBuD;awmh enf;enf; cg;r,fxifw,f/
xyfjznfh- tonf;u aMumfpm;&if aumuf½kd;rIdudkyg xnfhaMumfyg/ odyfpm;aumif;w,f/ tonf;ukd
xnhfNyD;arTNyD;wmeJY aumuf½dk;rIdukdygxnfharT/
(rIdygvmwJh udpöu tckyJ r'rfabmhusefukd tonf;aMumfykdUpfjyvkdufwm olu 0if ESrf;jzL;vkdufvkdU/
rIdtonf;aMumf u ykdaumif;w,f/)

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 136

140) ig;½SOfhqDjyef - abmhusef

cJxm;wJh ig;jzpfaeawmh t&if 'Dz½kdpfxfvkyfvkdufyg/ ig;½SOfhukd vufn§dK;avmuf t½Snfav;awGwHk;NyD;


rTef;xm;zkdY vkdygw,f/

NyD;&if iefjym&nf? eEGif;rIefY? qm;xnfhe,fyg/ *sif;udkaxmif; t&nfn§pfNyD;xnfhyg/ 1em&D


2em&Davmuf ESyfxm;Ekdif&ifaumif;r,f/ oMum;enf;enf;xnfhyg/

',ftkd;odyfylwmaumif;w,f/ MuufoGefeD jzL yg;yg;vSD;/ qDowfyg/ arT;vm&if ig;½SOfhudkxnhfyg/


arTay;yg/ a&rxnfheJU/ ig;½SOfhu a&xGufrsm;w,f/ olUt&nfeJUolEl;w,f/ aocsmESHUpyfarTNyD;&if cP
tkyfxm;/ rD;ukdavsmhvkduf/ cPaevkdY qDoHMum;vm&if jyefzGifhNyD; arTay;yg/ ½Srf;eHeH 'grSr[kwf
eHeHyifuav; tkyfNyD;pm;vkdU&ygNyD/

tESpfrsm;rsm;vkdcsif&if MuufoGefeDrsm;rsm;eJY qDowfyg/ qDodyfrsm;&ifvnf;pm;raumif;yg/


t&nfuav;eJY pm;csif&if arT;atmif ajcmufaeatmifavSmfNyD;rS a&enf;enf;xnfhay;yg/

EkdifiHjcm;u ig;½SOfhawGu odyfta&cGHxlwmawG½Sdw,fAs/ jrefrmvkdcsufpm;&if ta&cGHxlwJh ig;½SOfhu


pm;raumif;bl;/ uRefawmfqkd wpfcg ta&cGHcRwfvkdufNyD;rS csufpm;wmu Arm[if;eJY ykdwlw,f/
wcgwavawmhvJ ½SdwmeJY jzpfatmifcsufpm;&wmukd;/

ckawmh [if;csufwma&;&if; AkdufqmvmvkdU xrif;pm;NyDAsdKU/

Comment by KLM;
c&rf;csOfoD; xnfh&rvm; tpfudk... wNcm;ig;[if;csuf&ifawmh c&rf;csOfoD;xnfhNyD; tESpfav;&atmif
vkyfw,f... enf;enf;awmh csOfNyHK;NyHK;NzpfoGm;w,f.... rqvm? i½kwfoD;rIefYaum xnfh&rvm; ..
Comment by Botchan;
ukdaua&
uRefawmfawmh c&rf;csOfoD;rxnfhcsufzl;bl;/ refusnf;oD;rSnhfxnfhcsufzl;w,f/ csOfNyHK;NyHK;av;
jzpfoGm;w,f/ i½kwfoD;rIefYukdqDowfwkef;xnfhaygh/ rqvmuawmh uRefawmf xnfhrcsufzl;bl;/
udkau ta&cGHxl&if cGmom cGmypfvkduf/ csuf&ifajz;ajz;arT/ aMuvG,fvkdU/ ta&cGHukd ESarsmNyD;
xnfhcsuf vkdufrdwm [if;wpfcGufvHk;b,fvkdBuD;jzpfoGm;rSef;ukd rodbl;/ wpfcgBuHKzl;vkdU/
ESarsmvkdufwm/ yifyef;NyD; pm;vnf;rpm;vkduf&bl;/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 137

141) vG,fvG,fulul aq;bJOokyf –KLM

Chinese Century Egg Salad

r*Fvmyg cifAsm;.../ 'Dae hawmh csufxJrSm aNym&if;csuf&if; tm&HkusvmwJh aq;bJOokyfav;yg/

tpfudkav;wdkY ,rum? ,pfa&T&nfeJYyJ Nrnf;Nrnf;? tpfrav;wdkY xrif;ylav;eJYbJ pm;pm;? rsdK;rsdK;cdkifeJY


eE´mvdIif taMumif; aqG;aEG;&if;yJ Nrnf;Nrnf;.... cHwGif;awGYapr,hf usef;rma&; aq;bJOokyfav;yg/
[D;/ (&efukef ref;av; &xm;ay: aps;a&mif;wmeJY rSm;oGm;vdkY/ )

'DaeYcsufxJrSm udkbm;wdkY? za,mif;wdkYeJY aNym&if; ay:vmwJh aq;bJOokyfenf;av;


a0rQvdkufygw,fAsm/

aq;bJOudk w½kwfwef;awGrSm 0,fvdkY&ygw,f/ 6 vHk;wGJu'fawGeJY yg/ bmrS xyfvkyfp&mrvdkygbl;/


tcGHay:u uyfxm;wJh w½kwfaq;awGudk tomav; cGm? (a&aq;) tcGHcGmNyD;aemuf av;pdwf
pdwfxm;yg/

MuufoGefeD (taeawmf 2 vHk;avmuf) udk yg;yg;av;vSD;? wpf0ufausmfudk trTefaysmufatmif a&pdrf?


usefwmudk qDowfyg/

c&rf;csOfoD; (3 vHk;cefY) udk 8 pdwf pD pdwf? eHeHyifeJY oHyk&moD; (wpfvHk;) udk vdkoavmuf
vSD;xm;yg/

NyD;awmh pdwfxm;wJ h aq;bJOxJ MuufoGefeD yg;yg;vSD;eJ h c&rf;csOfoD;pdwfawGxnfh? qDcsufxJu


qDenf;enf; xnfh? qm;tenf;i,fxnfhNyD; e,fyg/ MuufoGefeD qDowfxJu MuufoGefeDawGeJY
eHeHyifvSD;xm;wmav; awGyg a&me,fEdkifygw,f/ aemufawmh (,dk;',m;) iefNym&nfeJY
oHyk&m&nfn§pfudk vdkoavmuf xnfh,lyg/ i½kwfoD;pdrf;av; enf;enf; vSD;xnfhyg/

Nrnf;prf;MunfhvdkY MudKufESpfouf&m t&om&NyD qdk&ifawmhNzifh tay:uae eHeHyifeJY


MuufoGefeDqDcsufav; xyftkyfNyD; teHYt&omeJ h NynfhpHkwJh aq;bJOokyfwpfyGJ &NyDayghcifAsm/

0ufeH&dk;aMumf? ig;&SOfhaNcmufpyf? MuufMuGyfausmf? c½kqD-udkufvefaMumf? uefpGef;yvdef;wdkYeJY


wGJbufp&m tNrnf;ya'omxJu aq;bJOokyfayghcifAsm/

aq;bJOae&mrSm ykpGefpdrf; (NyKwfvnf;&ygw,f) oHyk&moD;n§pf? a&SmufoD;tcGHETmNyD;


rTxm;pdwfxm;wmawG xnfhNyD;vnf; ykpGefokyf? rrav;wdkYtwGuf a&SmufoD;okyf vkyfvdkY &ygw,f/
a&SmufoD;okyfuawmh i½kwfoD;tusufrIefYav; Edkif;csif;xnfhzdkYvdkygvdrfhr,f/ 0ufom;oHk;xyfom;udk
*sif;? yJiefNym&nfenf;enf;eJY NyKwfNyD; vSD;xm;wmav;awG xnfhNyD; (i½kwfqDav;eJY)
0ufom;okyfvnf; 'Denf;ygbJ/ 0ufom;okyfuawmh eHeHyif tpm; MuufoGefjrdwf vSD;xm;wmav;awG
xnfh&ygw,f/ 0ufom;okyfu c&rf;csOfoD;tpm; ocGm;oD;eJ hvnf; vdkufzufygw,f/

&SvGwf..... armifau/
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 138

Comment by Botchan;

ESrf;jzL;wm/
bef;ausmfuolrsm; tu,fí bdwf (Nrdwf) bufuvmwJh ytHk;&nfvkdUac:wJh (wifvJ&nf
azgufxm;ovdkrsdK;) &cJhr,fqkd&if xnfhokyfyg/ odyfaumif;w,f/ &efukefu emrnfBuD;wJh qkdifawGrSm
aumif;w,fqdkwJh aq;bJOokyfawGtm;vHk; ytHk;&nfygw,f/
xnfhenf;/
',ftkd;ylylrD;ay;í ytHk;&nfudk oifh½Hkxnfhyg/ yGufvm&if tat;cHNyD;xnfhokyfawmh/ ytHk;&nfu
tcsOf"gwfygawmh olUukdxnhf&if oHyk&moD;rxnfh&ifawmif&w,f/ xnfhcsif&ifawmh teHUuav;arT;½Hk
enf;enf; n§pfxnfhyg/
'Daumifu iefjym&nfaumif;zkdUvkdw,f/
usefwmawGuawmh udkauajymxm;wmaumif;ygw,f/

%%%%%%%%

142)
142) uvDpm[if; - ysdKysdKar

trJuvDpm eJY qdwfuvDpm csufyHk csufenf; wlwlygyJ/ uvDpmawG udk wpfckcsif;


a&aocsmaq;yg/ NyD;&if twHk; cyfao;ao;av;awG wHk;yg/ uvDpm u twHk;BuD;&if pm;raumif;yg/

tlMurf;awGudkawmh qm; oHyk&moD; eJY yGwfaq;yg/ NyD;&if awmfawmfav; El;atmif jyKwfvdkufyg/


qm;xnfhjyKwfyg/ 'Dwdkif;xnfhcsuf&if MumvGef;vdkYyg/

NyD;&if... toJudk owfowfz,fxm;yg/ usefwJh uvDpmawGudk qm;? eEGif;? tcsdKrIefY? &Smvum&nf


(qefjcifcGuf wpf0ufcefY)? rqvm? *sif;&nf (*sif;udkaxmif; t&nfn§pf)? wdkY eJY a&me,fvdkufyg/

MuufoGefjzL? MuufoGefeD? *sif; uGrf;oD;vHk;cefY? pyg;vif (wpfyifvHk;rvdkyg .. t&if;ydkif;em;u


vufESpfqpfcefY) udk aMunufatmifaxmif;yg/

tm;vHk;tqifoifhjzpf&if ... csufr,fhtdk;xJudk qD xnfhyg... qDudk omrefxuf ZGef;BuD; wpfZGef;pm


ydkxnfhyg... (usufoGm;rS qDaMumuf&if tay:u qDudk z,fxkwfyg ... wjcm;rqvm[if; wpfckckrSm
jyefoHk;vdkY&ygw,f? csufwJh tcg qDenf; &ifawmh vHk;0 pm;raumif;yg/) qDylvm&if .. MuufoGefjzL?
eD? *sif;? pyg;vif a&maxmif;xm;wmxnfhNyD; .. eEGif;rIefY tenf;i,fxnfhum qDowfyg/
tenf;i,f ta&mifajymif;NyD; arT;vmonfxd qDowfyg/ NyD;&if i½kwfoD;rIefYxnfhyg/ NyD;&if
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 139

uvDpmawG xnfh qDowfyg/ tdk;tenf;i,f uyfvm&if a&xnfhNyD; El;atmifcsufyg/ rEl;wEl;


jzpfvm&ifawmh toJawGxnfhcsufyg/ toJudk rmrm BudKuf&ifawmh tpuwnf;u xnfhcsufyg/
toJu MumMumcsufav rmav qdkawmh .... toJudk aemufqHk;rS xnfhcdkif;wmyg/ El;vm&if
rqvmxyftkyfvdkufyg/ wpfrdepfcefYwnfNyD;&if rD;ydwfvdkufvdkY &ygNyD/

vdkufzufwJh t&H[if;awGuawmh csOfaygif&Guf [if;csdK ? uefpGef;&Guf rdIaMumf? eJY ukvm;oD;pHkaMumf


wdkYyJ jzpfygw,f/ ( AdkufqmvmNyD ...... avmavmq,fawmh tem;rSm a&yJ &Sdw,f..... )

Comment by pyopyomay;

0ufuvDpm [if;pyfcsufwmu .. qdwfuvDpm csufovdkygyJ ... 'gayr,fh pyg;vifyif xnfhp&m


rvdkyg/ *sif;eJYyJ&ygw,f/
0uf &JY tqkwf udkaq;wJh tcg avjyGeftm;vHk;udk "m;cRefav;eJY vdkufcGJyg... tqkwfwpfckvHk; &SdorQ
avjyGefrusefatmifvdkufcGJyg/ NyD;&if qm;eJYyGwfNyD; a&aq;ypfyg/ 2 cgavmufaq;yg/
0ufausmufuyf udkawmh ESpfjcrf;cGJ .. tv,fu tjzLa&mif qD;tdwfawG tm;vHk;udk vSD;xkwfypffyg/
tjzLawGrusefygapeJY / NyD;&if tjyifbufjcrf;uae oHZumuGufvdk "m;eJY rTef;vdkufyg/ rTef;NyD;&if
taeawmf twHk;awG wkH;NyD; ZvHkwpfck xJrSm a&pdrf xm;yg/ a&udk vJ vJay;yg/
txyftl vkyfzdkY tludkawmh qm;? oHyk&moD; tjyif qDenf;enf;av;xnfhNyD; e,fyg/ yGwfaq;yg/
a&rsm;rsm;eJY aq;yg/ twGif;bufudk jyefvSefyg/ NyD;&if ckeu ajymovdkyJ jyefaq;yg/
0uftlrBuD; (tpmtdrf) udkawmh .. a& aq;NyD;wmeJY .. ',ftdk;xJxnfhNyD; tdk;uif;uyfyg/
tusdtcRJawG tukefxGufvmygr,f/ tm;vHk;tdk;rSm uyfukefNyDqdk&if ,lvdkufNyD; "m;eJY vdkufjcpfyg
a&aq;csyg/ NyD;&if aemuf wpfzufudk ajymif;jyef jyefvSefyg/ tdk;uif;xyfwdkufyg/ a&aq;yg/ NyD;rS
twHk;wHk;yg/ 'DvdkrS tdk;uif; rwdkuf&if b,favmuf ajymifatmif aq;aq; teHYu csufwJhtcg
rarT;yg/ uvDpm eHY jyefxGufvmygw,f/
0uftlcsdKudkawmh a&aq;NyD;&if xdyfESpfzufudk BudK; eJY pnf;vdkufyg/ txJrS tESpfrsm; xGufrvmap&ef
jzpfygw,f/
tcsif;udkawmh a&aEG;av; azsmvdkuf&if &ygNyD/
0ufuvDpmudk tcsdK pm;csif&ifawmh rqdGwDajymjyxm;wJh 0ufacgif;okyf vkyfenf;? 0ufom;wkwfxdk;
vkyfenf;rsm; twdkif; csufpm;Edkifygw,f/ ESrf;qDav; enf;enf; xnfh&if teHY ydkarT;apygw,f/
vuf&maumif;aumif; eJY [if;aumif;wpfcGuf &Edkifygap/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 140

143) &Srf;acgufqGJ (3) - qGdwD

'DaeYawmU &Srf;acgufqJGcsufenf;aNymNyygr,f ... t&ifurcspfpka&;bl;ygw,f ...


rqGdwD"mwfyHkav;yg&dkufxm;vdkU Nyefwifay;wmyg ...

vl (8) a,mufpmavmuf vdkwJYypönf;awGuawmh


- Muuf&ifyHkom;2ck
- Muuf½dk; ? 0uf½dk; 1au*sD
- &Srf;acgufqJGzwf2xkyf - 1em&Davmufa&pdrfNyD; a&ppfxm;yg?
(&Srf;acgufqJG 2 rsdK;&Sdygw,f ... tNym;&,f tvHk;&,f MudKufeSpfouf&moHk;yg ... rqGdwDuawmh
tNym;udk ydkMudKufygw,f)
- &Srf;rkefnif;csOf1xkyf -yg;yg;av;awGvSD;xm;yg?
- yJyifayguf - a&eJYNyKwfNyD; enf;enf;aysmh&if a&ppfxm;yg?
- yJykwfNym; - qDeYJaMumfNyD; nufaeatmifaxmif;xm;yg?
- aNryJqH - tenf;i,fuRrf;½Hkav;avSmfNyD; tcGHaNymifatmifcRwfNyD;rS axmif;yg?
- wdkU[l;aysmU (ukvm;yJpdrf;rIefYeJUaumfrIefYudk 1;2 a&m - a&3qavmufxnfh aysmhaysmhav;MudKxm;)
- i½kwfoD;tusufrIefYudk qDESifhNyefcsufxm;
- c&rf;csOfoD;csuf&ef c&rf;csOfoD;cyfMuD;MuD; 6vHk;
- MuufoGefOMuD;MuD;4vHk; av;axmifhao;ao;av;awG vSD;xm;yg
- pyg;vif3acsmif; &dyf&dyfav;awGvSD;NyD; nufaeatmifaxmif;xm;yg
- *sif; 1vufr nufaeatmif axmif;xm;yg
- MuufoGefNzL6jrTm nufaeatmifaxmif;xm;yg
- i½kwfoD;ta&mifwifrIefY
- yJig;ydtpdk
- yJiefNym&nftMunf
- qm;? tcsdKrIefY? oMum;

1/ yxrqHk; Muuf&iftkyfom;udk tv,fuae "g;eJYcJG qm; yJiefNym&nftMunf tcsdKrIefY oifh½Hkxnfh


vufeJYqkyf e,fNyD; em&D0ufavmuf qm;0ifatmifESyfxm;yg ...NyD;&if a&vufwpfqpfavmuf
Nr§yfatmifxnfhNyD; NyKwfyg ... (rn§Datmif pyg;vif tzsm;ydkif;av;awG xnfhNyKwfyg) a&cef;&ifcsNyD;
Muufom;av;awGudk trQifav;awG NzpfatmifETifxm;yg/

2/ [if;csdKtwGuf Muuf&dk; (odkY) 0uf½dk; udk MuufoGefNzLtvHk;vdkuf *sif;vufwpfqpf qm;


yJiefNym&nf tMunf xnfhNyD; a&Nr§yfatmifxnfh rD;at;at;eJY wnfxm;yg/ [if;csdKusNyD ... csdKNyDqdk
&Srf;acgufqJGaysmhatmif usufatmif ESpfzdkY twGuf [if;csdKwpf0ufudk aemufwpftdk;xJ aNymif;xnfhyg
... [if;csdKaomufzdkYwpftdk; acgufqJGazsmzdkY wpftdk; ...

3/ c&rf;csOfoD;csuftwGuf ',ftdk;MuD;MuD;xJudk qDZGef;MuD;3ZGef;xnfUyg- ta&mifvSatmif eEGif;av;


enf;enf;xnfhyg ... MuufoGefeD? NzL? *sif;? pyg;vifaxmif;xm;awG t&ifqDowfyg ...
a&T0ga&mifoef;vm&if i½kwfoD;rIefYxnfh c&rf;csOfoD;eJYyJig;ydtpdk xnfhNyD; c&rf;csOfoD;aMuwJhtxdarTyg
... yJiefNym&nftMunf? qm;? tcsdKrIefY? oMum; oifh½HkxnfYyg ... [if;odyfrajcmufygapESifh ...
a&vdkvQif [if;csdK&nfxnfhyg/
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 141

4/ [if;NyifzdkYtwGuf -&Srf;acgufqJGzwf wpfa,mufpmudk a&azsmr,fh oHpumeufeufxJxnfh


[if;csdKtdk; yGufyGufqlxJxnfhazsmyg ... acgufqJGa&El;NyD;om;qdk xnfY½HkeJYaysmhygw,f ... NyD;&if
yef;uefxJaNymif;xnfh ... tay:uae &Srf;csOf? aNryJrIefY? yJykwfrIefY? yJyifayguf? wdkY[l;aysmh wdkY
[if;csdKZGef; wpfZGef;pD (rarmufyg)? c&rf;csOfoD;csufudk wpfZGef;armufarmuf? Muufom; trQifav;awG
... yJiefNym&nftMunfa& i½kwfoD;rIefU eHeHyif oifYovdkxnfU ... e,fNyD; pm;vdkU&ygNyD ..

0uf&dk;[if;csdKylylav;ay: i½kwfaumif; MuufoGefNrdwaf v;cyfNyD;pm;&if &Srf;acgufqJGav;eJU


tvdkufqHk;ygyJ
...

(rSwfcsuf – rqGdwD 0uf½dk;0,fvdkUr&vdkU Muuf½dk;eJYyJ csufvdkuf&ygw,f ... Muuf½dk;&JU


tm;enf;csufu qDtvGefxGufygw,f ... [if;csdKqdk qDawGrsm;vdkYMunfUraumif;yg ...
usef;rma&;twGufvnf; raumif;yg ...)

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 142

144) 0ufacgif;okyf - qGdwD

udk[dkif;[dkif;a& 0ufacgif;u tqDrsm;vdkU csufpm;&if tvGeftDygw,f ... 'gaMumifY oHyk&moD;


refusnf;oD; tcsOfav;eJYxdef;NyD; okyfpm;Muygw,f ... wpfcgrSvJcsufrpm;bl;vdkY
okyfenf;av;yJaNymNyygr,f ... odNyD;om;qdkvnf; rodao;wJholawG twGufaygh ...

0ufacgif;okyf

yxrqHk; 0ufacgif;udk aNymifatmifa&aq;yg ... em;&GufrS tarT;trQifrsm; udk oefU&Sif;atmif


aocsmEIwfyg ... tarT;udk aNymifatmif rD;NrdKufypf&ifvnf;&ygw,f ...NyD;&if twHk;MuD;MuD;
5wHk;avmuf ydkif;NyD; qm;? yJiefNym&nf tMunf&nf? taemuf&nf? tcsdKrIefY? oMum;? t&uf
oifhovdkxnfhNyD; e,fay;yg ... NyD;&if xef;vsufcJ 2 vHk;? MuufoGefNzL tcGHrETmbJ wpfvHk;?
*sif;vufwpfqpf? qD[if;csdKaomufZGef;eJY wpfZGef; xnfhNyD; rD;at;at;eJY wnfyg ...
yxrwpfa&cef;&if emewfyGifYav;5yGifhavmuf cyf a&xyfxnfh NyD; 0ufom;El;wJhtxd
rD;at;at;eJUNyKwfyg ... tzHk;vHkatmifydwfyg ... 0uftacgufawG wtm;El;td roGm;cifrSmcsyg ...
wtm;El;tdoGm;&if okyfvdkUvnf;raumif; pm;&wmvnf; tDygw,f ... 0ufom;vnf;taeawmf
a&vnf;tcef;Nzpfatmif a&udkMunfUxnfYyg/

0ufacgif;okyf&ef vdkwJUtqmyvmawGuawmY

1/ ocGm;oD;t&G,fMuD;MuD; wpfvHk;udk tacsmif;av;awG NzpfatmifvSD;yg/ (wpfcsdKY ocGm;oD;awGu


tcGHrEGm&if cg;wwfygw,f ... cg;rSmaMumuf&ifawmU tcGHav;ETmNyD;rS vSD;yg)
2/ c&rf;csOfoD; rmrmav; 2 vHk;avmufudk yg;yg;av;awGvSD;xm;yg?
3/ MuufoGefeDtvHk;MuD; 2 vHk;avmufudk tuGif;vdkufyg;yg;vSD;yg?
4/ ArmeHeHyifav;awGeJY tpyfMudKuf&if i½kwfoD;pdrf;av;awG &dyf&dyfvSD;wm;yg?
5/ tcsOf&nf
0ufacgif;okyftwGuf tcsOf&nfpyfwm tvGefta&;MuD;ygw,f ... MuufoGefNzL 4jrTmavmuf *sif;
vufwpfqpfpmwpf0ufavmufudk nufnufygatmifaxmif;yg ...refusnf;oD;rSnfh
vufwpfqkyfavmuf a&pdrfNyD; t&nfav;yJ,lxm;yg? refusnf;&nfxJudk axmif;xm;wJ*sif; -
MuufoGefNzL? oMum;? iefNym&nf? tcsdKrIefY? i½kwfqDteD&nf (pvHk;rSmawmUsin sin wHqdyf extra
hot uNrefrmNynfu i½kwfqDeJYawmfawmfwlvdkU tJ'gyJoHk;ygw,f) oifhovdkpdwfMudKufxnfhazsmfyg
... teHYarT;atmif aemufqHk; oHyk&moD;av; wpfNcrf; avmufn§pfxnfUyg?
6/ yJrIefY tusufrIefY MudKufwwf&ifxnfhyg?
&/ 0ufom;NyKwfxJu&wJh qDeJYa&ta&mav;?
8/ yJiefNym&nf tMunf&nf

0ufacgif;udkyg;yg;av;awGvSD;NyD; tay:u tqmyvmawG oifhovdkpdwfMudKufa&mNyD; e,fokyfyg ...


0uf½dk;[if;csdK 0ufaNcaxmufpGyfNyKwfwdkUeJU vdkufzufygw,f ... MuufOarTaMumfav;yg&if ydkawmif
aumif;ao; ...

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 143

145) Nrefrmh½kd;&m trJom;ESyfqDNyefcsuf - arausmf

1/ trJom;udk vufoHk;opfcefY? 1 vufrtxltwHk;rsm;wHk;yg/ NyD;vQifa&aq;í qm;? eEGif; wdkYudk


oihfhawmfovdkxnfhNyD; rD;at;at;wGifESyfyg/
2/ *sif;udk 1vufrcef h tNym;Nym;av; 4-5 uGif;cefY vSD;xnfhyg?
3/ MuufoGefeDOMuD; 2O? MuufoGefNzL 5 jrTmcefY wdkYudk a&mí nufatmifaxmif;yg? pyg;vifMuD;MuD;
1 yif udknufatmif tyifvdkufaxmif;xm;yg/
4/ trJom;udk a&NrKyf½kHxnfhí tom;El;onftxd a& 4 a&? 5 a& cef;atmifwnfyg/
5/ trJom;rsm;El;vmvQif qDoihfawmf½kHudk rdrdESpfoufovdkxnfhyg? axmif;xm;aom MuufoGefNzL? eD
wdkYudkxnfhNyD; [if;udk qDNyefvmatmif vHk;csufyg? qDaygufvmvQif axmif;xm;aom pyg;vifudk
pnf;NyD; xnfhcsufyg? a&NrKyfatmif Nyefwnfí qDaygufNyD; a&rsm;cef;oGm;vQif trJESyfeHYarT;vm

ygvQif t&om½Sdí xrif;Nrdefp&m Nrefrm [if;wpfcGuf udk &½Sdvmygvdrfhrnf/

%%%%%%%%

146) tukefypfxnfh c&rf;csOfoD; ig;ydcsuf - arausmf

tvG,fqHk;enf;udk aNymNyr,faemf/

1/ c&rf;csOfoD;MuD;MuD; 3 vHk;cefYudk yg;yg;vSD;yg? NrefNrefEl;ap&ef Nzpfygonf/

2/ MuufoGefeDOMuD; 1 O? NzL 2 jrTmwkdYudk vSD;í tdk;wpfvHk;wGif tm;vHk;udka&mxnfhyg?

3/ qD 2 ZGef;cefYxnfhyg? qm; 1 vufrcefYyrmP? tcsKdrIefYZGef;ao; 1 ZGef;?


rQifig;ydvufwpfqpfcefY (r½SdvQif rxnfhvnf;&ygonf) i½kwfoD;awmifhrsm;udk xufNcrf;cGJí
xyfrHa&mxnfhNyD; c&rf;csOfoD; rsm; aMuoGm;onftxd wnfyg/ qDrsm;
enf;enf;Ncif;xGufvmvQif a&tenf;i,f xyfxnfhí ¤if;a&rsm;cef;atmif Nyefwnfyg?
aemufqHk;wGif a&rsm;cef;NyD; c&rf;csOfoD;rsm;tm;vHk;aMuí qDxGuf vmvQif tNrpfNzwfxm;aom
eHeHyif 5 yif 6 yif udk [if;ay:wGiftkyfvdkufyg/

tvGefcHwGif;awGYaprnfh Nrefrm[if ; 1 cGufudk &½Sdygvdrfhrnf/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 144

147) trJom;tpdrf;okyf - abmhusef

trJom; (25) usyfom; (500) *&rfyJxm;ygawmh? tJ'gukd nufnufaeatmif aumif;aumif;


EkyfEkyfpOf;yg/ (trJom;udk EkyfEkyfrpOf;cif a&ukdaocsmppfyg/)
1) *sif; vufravmuftwHk; wpfwHk;?
2) yifpdrf; vufoef;avmuf tpnf; wpfpnf;?
3) MuufoGefjzL vufwpfqpfavmuf O (5) Oavmuf?
4) ½Srf;eHeH (olt"duyJ) (5) yifavmuf?
5) i½kwfoD;pdrf; (10^15) awmifhavmuf (pyfpyfBudKuf&ifydkxnfh) axmif;yg/
(t½GufawGukdaxmif;wJhtcg ausvG,fatmif t&if pOf;NyD;rS axmif;yg/)

jyifqifjcif;

1) apmapmutrJom;udk yef;uefjym;wpfcsyfxJxnfh/
2) ckeu axmif;xm;wmudk tay:rSmyHkvkduf/
3) qm;xnfh? oMum;xnfh? qD (2) ZGef;qrf;/

pm;vkdU&NyD/

wGJzufpm;p&mu

yDuif;bJuifpm;wJh *sHKjym; zufxkwfuav;eJU xkyfxkyfNyD; tcsOf&nfeJUwkdYpm;/ (i½kwfqDtcsOf&nf)

ykdtvkyf½Iyfcsif&if trJtpmtdrfukd aoaocsmcsmaq;NyD;aygif;xm; (qm;avmufyJxnfhaygif;yg)

tJ'Dtpmtdrfudk xkyfavmuf½Hk avmufuav;awGwHk;NyD; apmapmu trJom;tpdrf;okyfudk


xkyfxkyfNyD;pm;/

MuufoGefeDrxnfh&yg/ qeft&uf (2) ZGef;cefUxnfhyg/ r&&if b&ef'D? aumufnuf xnfhEkdifygonf/


0kdifeD&&ifvnf; xnfhEkdifygonf/

'D[muawmpmyg/ enf;enf; t&omjyif;jyif;eJU tjrnf;vkyfzkdUyJaumif;w,f/ xrif;pm;zkdUaumif;wJh


[if;awmh r[kwfyg/

½Srf;eHeHqkdwm ½Snf½Snft½Gufuav;awG ajrrSmuyfaygufw,f/ Biological name is Eryngium


Foetidum ? tem;apmif;awGu vToGm;av;awGvkdrsdK;/
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 145

Comment by GreenHat25 : oHyk&moD;oHk;&if trJom;u rmoGm;rvm;rodbl; . . .


tjrnf;twGufu csOfcsOfpyfpyfqdk ydkaumif;rSm . . .

Response from Botchan: [kwfygw,f/ 'gaMumifh oHyk&moD;xnfhygvkdUrajymxm;ygbl;/


csOfcsOfpyfpyfpm;csif&if wkdUpm;&r,hf i½kwfcsOf&nfxJrSm n§pfxnfhxm;wmydkaumif;ygw,f/
i½kwfcsOf&nfxJukd oHyk&moD;n§pfxnfh? MuufoGefjzLaxmif;xnfhyg/

%%%%%%%%

148) ocGm;oD;okyf (1) - av'DusL;ypf

armfvjrdKifbufu tvIawGrSm auR;avh&SdwJh ocGm;oD;okyfyg/

1) ocGm;oD;udka&pifatmifaq;? tvnftlwdkifu taphawGudkvSD;vdkufyg/


2) vufwqpfavmuft&Snfav;awGvSD;jyD; qm;eJYe,fyg? qm;udkenf;enf; uJjyD;e,fyg/
3) jyD;&if t&nfppfvdk.aumif;wJhydwfp yg;yg;eJYxkyfjyD; tay:u tav;eJYzdyg/ (av'Dawmh
ausmufjyifwdkY i½kwfqHkwdkYeJYzdygw,f) ZumwdkY? atmufu a&xGufoGm;vdkY
aumif;wJhae&mrSmzd&ygr,f/
4) trsm;pkuawmh nbufrSm zdxm;&if reufrdk;vif;&if tawmfygyJ/
aemufaeYrdk;vif;&ifocGg;oD;awGu a&awGxGufoGm;jyD; rmrmav;jzpfaeygjyD/ tJ'DocGg;oD;udk
jrnf;MunfhjyD; enf;enf; iefr,fxif&if a& uref;wef;aq;vdkY&ygw,f/
5) jyD;&if &Smvum&nf? qDcsuf? tcsdKrIefYeJYe,fyg? ESrf;teufa&mifudk xnfhvdkuf&ifawmh
armfvjrdKifpwdkif ocGg;oD;okyf&ygjyD/ csOfcsOfav;eJY xkwfxkwfeJY 0g;pm;&wm t&rf;aumif;ygw,f/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 146

149) ocGm;oD;okyf (2) - ½dkif;wJhZifa,mf

av'D&JU ocGm;oD;okyfNrifawmh Zifa,mf&JY NrefrmocGm;oD;okyfenf;av;vnf; aNymNycsifygw,f/


&efukefrSm awmh ocGm;csOft0ga&mifukd okyfpm;Muw,f/ 'DrSmawmh ocGm;csOf r&SdwJhtwGuf &dk;&dk;
ocGm;oD;ukd okyfpm;&atmif/

1) yxrqkH; ocGm;oD;ukd a&aNymifatmifaq;yg/


2) NyD;&ifNcpfeYJNcpfyg/ NcpfNyD;&ifZvkHwckxJxnfhxm;yg/
3) MuufoGefeD (2) vkH; avmufukd yg;yg;vSD;yg/
4) ig;ydtaeawmfukd qDenf;enf;eYJ eEGif;enf;enf;xnfhjyD; aMumfyg/ ESrf;avSmfeJY MuufoGefaMumfukd
rnufwnufaxmif;xm;yg/
5) tm;vkH;NyD;&if MuufoGefeD? ig;ydaMumf? ykpGefaNcmufrIefY 'grSr[kwf ykpGeftpdkukdaxmif;NyD;
ocGm;NcpfeYJ a&me,fyg/ i½kwfoD;pdrf; yg;yg;vSD;xnfhyg/ oHy&moD; n§pfxnfhyg/taygh
tiefNrnf;NyD; tcsKdrIefY MudKuf&if enf;enf;xnfhyg/ tm;vkH;NyD;&if ESrf;? MuufoGefNzLaMumf
axmif;xm;wmukd NzL;NyD;pm;vkdY &ygNyD/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 147

150) EGm;EdkYcJvkyfenf;? EGm;EdkYcJcsufenf;?


EGm;EdkUcsufcsuf
csufenf; - qGdwD

EGm;EdkYcJvkyfenf;

EGm;EdkUppfppf ESpfydómavmuf0,fyg ... uGsJEdkUqdkvnf;&ygw,f ...


NyD;awmh rk½dk;udkif;wpfudkif;avmufudkcsdK;NyD; tap;3-4pufavmuf EGm;EdkYxJudkxnfhyg ...
EGm;EdkYudk tdk;xJxnfhNyD; rD;Nyif;Nyif;eJYMudKyg ... tzHk;rtkyfygeJY ... EGm;EdkYawGa0usrSmpdk;vdkYyg ...
ckeu rk½dk;tap;&JU"mwfaMumifh EGm;EdkUawG tzwftzwfawGNzpfNyD; tenfusvmygr,f ...
t&nfawmfawmfMunfoGm;NyD; t&nfowfowf tzwfowfowfNzpfvm&if tdk;rD;zdkay:rScsyg ...
vufokwfyk0gvdk ydwfMurf;pudk atmufrSmcHNyD; tzwfawGudkppf,lyg ... t&nfawGudkvnf;
vTifYrypfygESifU ... t&nfuvnf;csdKygw,f ... aomufvdkU&ygw,f ...
EGm;EdkUzwfawG ppf,lxm;wJh t0wfudk tay:uMudK;eJUpnf; atmufutrmwpfckcH tay:u i½kwfqHkvdk
av;wmeJU zdNyD; a&ppfNyD;cJwJhtxdapmifhyg ... nuzdxm;&if reufcif;us&if awmfawmfrmNyD;cJaeygNyD..
EGm;EdkY 2 ydómavmufvkyfrS yJyifaygufeJYaMumfwJhyJNym;wpfckpmavmufyJ&ygw,f ...
vl 5 a,mufcsufpmavmuf &Sdygw,f ...
NyD;&ifMum&SnfcHatmif ',ftdk;xJ qDav;enf;enf;xnfhNyD; vdSrfhay;yg ...
rqGdwDawmh bef;ausmfrSmaewHk;u udk,faewJhvrf;xJu todtdrfwpftdrfrSm rk½dk;yif wpfyifawGUwmeJU
oGm;oGm;awmif;NyD; EGm;EdkYcJ cPcPvkyfpm;Nzpfygw,f ...
pvHk;a&mufawmU rk½dk;yift&ifuawmhawGUbl;ovdkvdk ... tckawmUb,frSmrS&Smr&yg ...
pvHk;rSmEGm;EdkYtppfuvnf;r&Sdawmh rpm;&awmhygbl; ...
rk½dk;yifyHkMunfhcsif&if atmufrSmMunfhyg ... tnma'oawGrSmaygygw,f ...
olUyef;av;awGuodyfvSygw,f ...

Calotropis procera gigantean = rk½dk;

rk½dk;yifeJUywfowfwJU taMumif;atmufrSm Munfhyg ...


tifwmeufxJrSmawGUwJUNrefrmtbd"mefxJrSmudk 'Dvdkt"dyÜg,fzGifhxm;ygw,f ...
Myanmar-Script Spelling
• Official Myanmar Dictionaries : {ma.ro:}
/r,dk;?e? EdkUudkcJapaom tap;NzLxGuf tyifi,fwpfrsdK; (iNzLMuD;[kvnf;ac:onf/)
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 148

EGm;EdkUcJcsufenf;

vdkwJhypönf;awGu ...
ckeu cJxm;wJY EGm;EdkUcJav;awGudk vufr0uf _wpfvufravmuf
twHk;av;awGvSD;NyD;qm;? yJiefNym&nftMunf&nfeJU tome,fxm;yg ...
MuufoGefeD tvHk;MuD;wpfvHk;avmufudk yg;yg;vSD;xm;yg ...
MuufoGefNzL 5 jrTmavmuf nufnufaxmif;xm;yg ...
c&rf;csOfoD; tvHk;MuD; 5vHk;avmuf vSD;xm;yg ...
i½kwfoD;tpdrf; 3awmifhavmufxufNcrf; Ncrf;xm;yg ...
eHeHyif 3-4yif xufydkif;csdK;xm;yg ...
i½kwfoD;ta&mifwifrIefY [if;csdKaomufZGef;eJYwpfZGef; ...

qD ZGef;MuD; 1ZGef;cJGavmufudk ‘',ftdk;xJxnfhNyD; rD;zdkay:wifyg ...


qDusuf&if eEGif;rIefYav;enf;enf;xnfhNyD; vSD;xm;wJhMuufoGefeDawGxnfhyg ...
MuufoGefeDEGrf;&if MuufoGefNzLaxmif;xm;wmav;awGyga&mNyD; qDowfyg ...
a&T0ga&mifoef;NyD; arT;vm&if rD;enf;enf;avQmhNyD; i½kwfoD;ta&mifwifrIefYxnfhyg ... i½kwfoD;rwl;cif
c&rf;csOfoD;vSD;xm;wmav;awGxnfhNyD; c&rf;csOfoD;EGrf;vm&if EGm;EdkYcJav;awGxnfh? iefNym&nf? qm;?
tcsdKrIefY oifhovdkxnfhNyD; c&rf;csOfoD;tESpfxJrSm EGm;EdkYcJav;awG NrKwfatmiftomav;arTay;yg ...
a&crf;NyD; qDoHzspfzspfMum;&if ckeuEGm;EdkUt&nfenf;enf;xyfxnfYNyD; EGm;EdkUcJav;awGxJ qm;tcsdKrIefY
0ifoGm;atmif 5rdepfavmuf xyfxnfyg ...a&cef;cgeD;&if i½kwfoD;pdrf; ...eHeHyifav; tay:utkyf
NyD;csvdkY&ygNyD ...

EGm;EdkYcsuf

EGm;EdkYcsufuawmh EGm;EdkYudk rcJyJeJY a&cef;wJhtxd rD;Nyif;Nyif;eJY usdKNyD;rS [if;Nyefcsufwmyg ... EGm;EdkYudk


a&cef;wJhtxdMudKvdkufawmh axmywfvdkqDawGygxGufvmNyD; pm;&wmvnf; csdKcsdKav;yg ... EGm;EdkYu
tjzLnpfa&mif tzwftzwfuav;eJU a&pyfpyf qDpyfpyfuav;eJUyg ... tnmzufawGrSm
tdrfvnfa&mif;wJh acgif;&Gufaps;onfav;awG EGm;EdkYcsufqdk vdkufatmfa&mif;wm Mum;bl;rSmyg ...
[if;csufwmuvnf; tay:utwdkif;twlwlygyJ ... EGm;EdkYcJae&mrSm EGm;EdkYcsuf xnfUwmyJuGmygw,f
... c&rf;csOfoD;av; avQmhxnfUyg ...oluenf;enf;tcsdK"mwfygawmh i½kwfoD;pdrf;rxnfheJUaygU
...EGm;EdkYcJuqdrfhNyD; EGm;EdkUcsufuawmh enf;enf;csdKygw,f ...rqGdwDuawmU t&om wpfrsdK;pDrdkY 2rsdK;vHk;
MudKufygw,f ...

Comment by Sweetee : EGm;EdkYcJeJY cheesevHk;0rwlyg&Sif ... uRefrvnf; pvHk;a&mufcgpu


pm;csifvGef;vdkY EGm;EdkYcJeJYwlwJh cheese awGudk EGm;EdkYcJatmufarYvdkY csufpm;bl;ygw,f ...
uRefrawGUbl;wJh cheese awGtukefvHk; tyleJYawGY&if t&nfaysmfoGm;ygo&Sif ... NrefrmNynfrSmawGU&wJh
EGm;EdkYcJu tyleJYawGY&if raysmfoGm;yg... NrefrmEdkifiHuvJGNyD; wpfNcm;EdkifiHawGrSm EGm;EdkYcJ rawGYbl;ao;yg
... awGYzl;olrsm; vufwdkYMuygOD;/
Comment by Ladycupid: ukvm;qdkif cspfwD;qdkifawGrSm&Edkifygw,f rqGdwDa&?
,dk;',m;rSmawmh &w,f? olwdkY[if;rSmvnf; ukvm;'defcJ[if;u vlMudKufrsm;w,f?
ukvm;qdkifawGuvnf; EdkifiHawmfawmf rsm;rsm;rSm&Sdawmh ar;Munfh&if &Edkifygvdrfhr,f? ukvm;vdkac:wJh
tac:a0:udkawmh odwJhol&Sd&ifajymjyygtHk;? av'Dvnf; tJ'Dqdkifudka&mufjzpf&if ar;ygOD;r,f/
%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 149

151) ig;ESyf[if
[if;csufenf; - av'DusL;ypf

ig;ESyf tpdkudk odwJhvlawmh&Sm;r,fxifw,f


ig;ESyftpdku wcsdKUt&yfawGrSm tmjAJajcmufvdk.ac:wJh ig;ajcmuf&JY tpdrf;yg
olu tpdkvwfvwfqwfqwfqdk&if taumifu *s,fvDvdkyJ tjzLa&mif wkefwkefeJY tckqdk &efukefu
aps;awGrSmawmif&wwfygw,f
pm;&rSef; odyfrodvdkYvm; rodbl; aps;aygygw,f? wydomrS 1500 usyfyJay;&ygw,f?
a&rsm;jyD;*s,fvDvdk ig;jzpfwJhtwGuf 1ydomqdk odyfr&ygbl;? [if;pcsufygjyD
ig;ESyf 1 ydom r&rf;jym; 10 jym; ( [if;csufwJh r&rf;jym;udk armfvjrdKifbufrSmawmh vG,fvG,f
0,fvdkY&ygw,f)
ig;ydpdrf;pm; vufwqpf
pyg;vif 3 yif
*sif; vufrvufonf;cGHavmuf
MuufoGefeD 2 vHk;
MuufoGefjzL 1 vHk;
&Srf;eHeH 3 yif
i½kwfoD; ukvm;atmf 5 awmifh

MuufoGefjzL? pyg;vifudk&dyf&dyfvSD;? *sif;udkyg;yg;vSD;? ukvm;atmfoD;awGudk pkjyD; nufatmif


axmif;&ygr,f/

yxr ig;ESyfudk udkifjyD; twkH; vufwqpfcefY pDwkH;xm;jyD; a&ppfxm;ygr,f/ tJ'DtxJudk ig;yd?


r&rf;jym;udkajc? qm;? tcsdKrIefY? eEGif;rIefYwdkYeJY e,f&ygr,f/

tJ'De,fxm;wmudk tdk;tzHk;udktkyfjyD; enf;enf;usufatmif 5 rdepfavmufwnfvdkufyg/ *s,fvDvdk


tMunfa&mifawG ig;tom;rSm tjzLa&mifaemufaemuf jzpfoGm;NyDqdk&if MuufoGefeD udk xlxlvSD;jyD;
xnfhvdkufjyD; tdk;udk [dkbuf'DbufvIyfay;yg? rarT&ygbl;? aMuoGm;rSmpdk;vdk.yg/ MuufoGefeD ESHYjyDqdk&if
a&udk vuf 3 vHk;avmufjrKyfatmifxnfhjyD; yGufatmifwnfyg/ t&rf;yGufvm&if yGufaewJhtyGufxJudk
qDtpdrf; pwD;ZGef; 2 ZGef;avmuf avmif;xnfhyg/ jyD;&if ckeuaxmif;xm;wJh pyg;vifwdkY
i½kwfoD;wdk.udk xnfhvdkufyg/ cPavmufay;yGufjyD;&if jrnf;MunfhjyD;? taeawmfqdkwmeJY &Srf;eHeHudk
"g;av;eJY "g;jym; ½dkufjyD; vufwqpfavmuf jzwfjyD;tkyfvdkufyg/

jyD;&ifcsufjcif;rD;zkday:u csvdkY&jyD; oHk;aqmifvdkY&ygjyD/

olu csufjcif;csuf? csufjcif;pm;rSaumif;ygw,f/


tJvdkoabmrsdK;udk wjcm;ig;awGeJ.vnf; csufpm;vdkY&ygw,f/
wcsdKUu qDowfjyD;csufJMuayr,fh wu,fhrGef tppf[if;u qDudk tyGufrSmxnfhygw,f/
pm;aumif;Muygap/

av'D
%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 150

152) tpmodyf - av'DusL;ypf

armfvjrdKifrS tpmodyfrsm;vdk. acgif;pOfwwfyg&ap

1) yJjym;tpmodyf

armfvjrdKifrSmawmh yJjym;av;awGu &efukefrSma&mif;aeus yJjym;tjzLa&mifawG&J. 4 yHkwyHkyJ&Sdw,f?


jyD;awmh tom;uuspfjyD; ta&mifu t0ga&mifyg

tJ'DyJjym;rsdK;r&Sdvnf; yJjym;tjzLa&mifudk tv,fuae 2 ydkif;jzpfatmif tvsm;vdkuf vTmvdkufyg jyD;rS


Mwd*H twkHk;av;awGwHk;jyD; ? qm; eEGif;e,f? rD;at;at;eJ. eEGif;udk qDowfjyD; uRwfatmifaMumfyg?

yJjym;aMumfvdk.usefwJhqDeJ. MuufoGefeD qDcsuf csufyg? MuufoGefaMumf zwfudk t"du &atmifrsm;rsm;


aMumfyg

MuufoGefaMumf qDcsufjyD;&if ckkeaMumfxm;wJh yJjym;udk Mwd*HyHkrSm tcRefudk atmufbufxm;vdkufjyD;


tay: buf udk tvsm;vdkuf "g;eJ.cGJyg?

tJ'DtcgMu&if yJjym;u tdyfuav;vdkjzpfoGm;ygvdrfhr,f

tJ'D "g;eJ.ajrmif;xm;wJh twGif;om;udk tcsdKrIefYeJY okyfvdkufyg? jyD;&if ykZGefajcmufrIefYodyfyg?


iefjym&nf refusnf;&nfudk ykZGefajcmuftay:qrf;vdkufyg? aemufqHk;rS qDcsufzwfawGudk tay:qHk;rSm
Edkif;csif; xnfhjyD; pm;EdkifygjyD?

2) bJOtpmodyf

yJjym; tpmodyfeJY oabmw&m;twlwl udk bJOudk xufjcrf;jyD; ykZGefajcmuf iefjym&nf refusnf;&nf


qDcsufzwf EdkifEdkifeJY vkyfpm;vdkY&ygw,f

yJjym;udk okyfpm;vnf;& &JYom;eJY bmvdkY tvkyf ½IyfcHjyD; bmvdkY


tJvdkvkyfpm;vnf;qdkjyD;ar;p&m&Sdygw,f?

armfvjrdKifu tpm;qdkawmh tpm;udk aygufayguf&Sm&Smvkyfpm;wwfwJh twdkif;

'gayrJh tpmodyfudk vkyfpm;Munfhyg? MudKufoGm;ygvdrfhr,f

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 151

153) i½kwfoD;tpmoGyf - candellia

[dkwpfaeYu i½kwfoD;yGtpmoGyf[if;csufw,f/ csufxJrSm udkauar;wkef;u csufwwfw,


ajzcJhrdygw,f/ wu,fwrf;awmh tdrfrSmcPcPpm;zl;wmuvGJNyD; udk,fhbmomwpfcgrSrcsufzl;ygbl;/
'gayr,fh cufvGef;vdkY/ pm;wwf&if csufwwf&rSmaygh/ 'geJY tarhMo0g'eJY rysKd enf;em
cH,lNyD;csufvdkufygw,f/

i½kwfoD;yG (capsicum, chili pepper, red or green pepper, or sweet pepper) wpfxkyf
0,fvdkufwm ta&mifpHk ajcmufvHk;ygvmw,f/ teDa&mif? t0ga&mif? vdrfarmfa&mif eJY tpdrf;a&mif
awGyg/ ykZGefeJYjzpfjzpf 0ufom;eJYjzpfjzpf tpmoGyfvdkY&ygw,f/ tJ'DaeYuawmh ykZGef[if;csufrSmrdkYvdkY
0ufom;yJoGyfr,fpdwful;NyD; awmufawmufpif; 500 *&rf wpfAl; 0,fvmvdkufw,f/

awmufawmufpif;jyD;tom;xJudk *sKHrIefY ZGef;eJY 2 ZGef;? oMum; ZGef;0uf? i½kwfaumif;rIefY cyfrsm;rsm;?


MuufOESpfvHk;udkyk*HvHk;wpfckrSm acgufjyD; 0ufom;xJavmif;xnfh? *sif;uawmh *sif;rIefYykvif;xJu? qm;
oifh½Hk? tcsKdrIefY tenf;i,f? MuufoGefjzLwpfvHk;udk bvef'geJYBudwfjyD; wpf0ufudkxnhf
wpf0ufcsefxm;? jyD;awmh oroGm;atmif cuf&if;wpfacsmif;eJY arTvdkufygw,f/

a&aq;xm;wJh i½kwfoD;awGudk xdyftn§muae "g;OD;cRefav;eJY 0dkufvSD;vdkufawmh txJu taphawG


xkwfvdkY&oGm;w,f/ taphawGudk ajymifpifatmif"g;av;eJY jcpfxkwf? tcGHawGvnf;raygufatmif
owdxm;&ao;w,f/ jyD;wmeJY 0ufom;e,fxm;wmawGudk pm;yGJwifZGef;ao;eJYzdxnfhygw,f/
rysKduawmh zGzGav;eJY wpf0ufavmufpDomxnfhvdkY qdkayr,fh zdodyfjyD; tjynfhpD xnfhvkdufygw,f/
'geJY i½kwfoD;ajcmufvHk; tpmoGyfvdkufwm 0ufom; Al;wpf0ufausmfausmf oHk;yHkeSpfyHkavmuf
ukefoGm;a&myg/

',ftdk;xJudk [if;csufZGef;MuD;eJY wpfZGef;eJYwpf0uf qD xnfhNyD; tylay;ygw,f/ qDusufawmh


wpf0ufz,fxm;wJh MunfoGefjzLawGudk a&TndKa&mifoef;onftxd xnfhaMumfvdkufw,f/ tcsKdcsufrSm
jzpfvdkY c½kqD ESpfZGef;udk a&eJYazsmfNyD; avmif;xnfhvkdufygw,f/ (ta&mifav;eJYcsufcsif&ifawmh
qDowfwJhtcg i½kwfoD;ta&mifwifrIefYenf;enf; xnfhvkdufyg/) yGufawmh i½kwfoD;tpmoGyfawGudk
',ftdk;xJrSm pDxnfhxm;vkdufNyD; rD;avQmhvdkufygw,f/

txJu tpmawGu tpdrf;awGxnfhxm;wmjzpfvdkY rusufrSmudkawmh pdwfodyfrylygbl;/


udktkef;ajymovdk aemufqHk; raumif;vTifhypfvnf;&wmyJav/ pxnhfxnfhjcif;rSm azmufxm;wJh
tn§mzufjcrf;uae ',ftdk;xJudkarSmufvsufxm;wmyg/ cPMumawmh wpfvHk;csif;pD ab;bufudk
vSefvdkufygw,f/ 10 rdepfavmufae&if aemufwpfzufjcrf;udk xyfvSefygw,f/
a&enf;enf;vdkr,fxif&if enf;enf;csif; xyfxnfhay;vdkufyg/ i½kwfoD;awGu awmf½Hkwef½HkeJY
t&nfaysmfrusoGm;yJ tcsufcHygw,f/ rdepf 20 ausmfavmufMum&if i½kwfoD;tjyifom;awGu
usufjyD;El;nHhvm&if csvdkufvdkY&ygNyD/ i½kwfoD;awG t&rf;El;ukefwJhtxd rxm;ygeJY/

txJu 0ufom;awGu tjyifxGufrusvmyJ txJrSmyJ&dSaeygw,f/ 0ufom;aygif;av; vkdjzpfNyD;


pm;vdkYaumif;ovdk tjyifui½kwfoD;cGHuvnf;awmfawmfcsKdygw,f/
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 152

aemufwpfck vkyfwmu 0ufem;&Gufokyfyg/ w½kwfqdkifu 0ufem;&Gufwpfxkyf0,fvmwm bmrSrvkyfyJ


z&DZmxJ xnfhxm;wmMumNyD/ 'geJY rysKdudk b,fvkdokyf&rvJar;awmh 'Dvdkokyf qdkvdkYokyfvdkufwm
awmfawmfaumif;wm awGY&ygw,f/

0ufem;&Gufuusufxm;NyD;om;ndKndKav;yg/ olYudkyg;yg;vSD;? MuufoGefeDu tvHk;MuD;aeawmhwpf0ufudk


yg;yg;vSD;a&pdrfxm;? MuufoGefjzL 3jrTmavmufudk nufatmifaxmif;? i½kwfoD;rIefYtenf;i,fudk
a&av;eJYazsmfNyD; qDylwpfZGef;xJrSm xnfhqDowf? jyD;awmhtm;vHk;udk yef;uefwpfckxJrSmxnfh? w½kwf
i½kwfqDeDeDawGygxnfh? oHyk&moD;n§pf? i½kwfoD;pdrf;ESpfawmifhavmuf apGapGav;awGvSD;? ocGm;oD;&dS&if
&Snf&Snfav;awGvSD;xnhf? iefjym&nf enf;enf;? tcsKdrIefY enf;enf;? eHeHyif wdkYeJY okyfvdkufwJhtcg
0ufem;&Gufokyfu pm;vdkYaumif;rSaumif;yg/ aMomf arhvdkY/ c½kqDeJYaumfrIefYudk a&enf;enf;eJYazsmf?
rdkufu½dka0hzfxJrSm 15 puúefYavmuftylay;jyD; xnfhokyfxm;ygw,f/

Comment by Botchan :
i½kwfoD;tpmoGyfu uRefawmfwkdUuawmh ig;&HU? ig;cl ukd tpdrf;udk tom;vTm t½kd;xGifNyD; oGyfw,f/
csufenf;uawmh za,mif;ajymwJhtwkdif;ygyJ/ *sHKrIefUtpm; ajymif;rIefUoHk;w,f/ ig;udk csuf&wm tvkyf
awmfawmfvuf0ifw,fqkd&if ykZGefukd EkyfEkyfpOf;NyD;csufpm;Asm/
i½kwfoD;rSm ½SdwJh olUyifukd,fteHUu yifv,fpmeJU ykdvkdufovm;vkdUyg/

%%%%%%%%

154) Fried Crab Meat - thuyalin2006

- Pure Crab Meat


- 2 eggs
- a little bit of salts and seasoning
- flour powder(2&3 table spoons)

How to fry..
very easy...mix well all of them in a bowl and fry...Served with Coffee or Green
Tea..Enjoy..

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 153

155) &ckdifig;z,fxkyfqDjyef - arjrdKUol

'DaeY xl;xl;qef;qef;[if;csufpm;wmrdkY usL;ypfrsm;ukdvJrQvdkufygw,f/ &cdkifig;z,fxkyfqDjyefyg/

vdktyfaom ypönf;rsm;

ig;z,ftaumifvdkuf - 40 om;
qD - 10 om;cefY
MuufoGefeD ? jzL eJY eHeHyif

csufjyKwfenf;

1) ig;z,ftaumifvdkufudk taMu;cGHxdk;jyD; taumifvdkuf pOf;eDwHk;ay:wifum i½kwfusnfayGYESifh


wpfaumifvHk; xkyg/ a&aq;jyD; t&nfppfxm;yg/
2) i½kwfoD;eJY MuufoGefeD? jzLrsm;udkaxmif;yg/
3) qDusufatmif csufjyD; i½kwfoD;axmif;udk qDowf? eEGif;? qm;xnfh? teYHarT;vmvQif
xkxm;aom ig;z,ftaumifrsm; xnfhjyD; a&tenf;i,fxnfhyg/
4) tom;usufvmvQif ref;usnf;rSnfhazsmfxnfhyg/ qDjyefatmifxm;yg/
5) MuufoGefjrdwf? eHeHyiftkyfum oHk;aqmifEdkififygjyD/

%%%%%%%%

156) bJOaygif;csufenf; - tefwdkeDtrf

bJOpm;ravmuf ta&twGufudk qm;? oMum;oifh ½Hkxnfhacguf/ MuufoGefeDyg;yg;vDS;xnfh? a&marT/


NyD;&if tzHk;ygwJh pwD;Al;xJxnfh/ tzkH;vHkatmifydwf/ tdk;BuD;BuD;wpfckxJrSm a&udk pwD;Al; wpf0uf
ausmfausmf jrKyfavmufatmif wnfhNyD; taiGYxGufatmifwnf/ taiGYxGuf&if pwD;Al;xnfhNyD; tdk;tzkH;
jyefydwfxm;yg/ (45) rdepfavmufqdk tdkauyJ/ tESpftwGufuawmh c&rf;csOfoD; 3? 4 vHk;avmufeJY
MuufoGefeD (2) vHk;avmufudk yg;yg;vDS;NyD; qm;? oMum;? eEGif;? ta&mifwifrIefYeJY a&mcsufvdkuf/
teHHYydkarT;csif&if c&rf;csOfoD;aMuwmeJY MuufoGefjzLwpfjrTmESpfjrTmavmufudk ajcxnfh/ NyD;&ifaygif;xm;wJh
bJOeJYor/ &S,fyJ/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 154

157) xrif;aygif;csufenf; (atmfyGef) - VitC

atmfyGefvdkYac:wJh xrif;aygif;csufenf;av; ajymjycsifygw,f/ jrefrmtpmr[kwfayrJh 'DrSmyJ wifcJh


vdkufawmhr,faemf/

vdktyfwJhypönf;awGuawmh

• qef
• ydef;O
• ykpGefajcmuf
• ykZGefiefjym&nf
• yJiefjym&nftaemuf
• rIdajcmuf
• a*:zDxkyf

yxrqHk;qefudka&aq;xm;ygr,f/ jyD;&ifydef;OwpfvHk; 'grSr[kwf udk,fcsufrJh xrif;ay:rlwnfjyD;


ydef;Oudk xnfhvdkY&ygw,f/ ydef;Oodyfrsm;&ifvnf; raumif;ygbl;/ pDpDuawmh (2) a,mufpmqefudk
ydef;OwpfvHk; xnfhygw,f/ ydef;Oudk taeawmf t&G,fav;awG pdwfxm;yg/ rdIajcmufudk
t&ifa&pdrfxm;jyD; cyfyg;yg;av;vSD;yg/ 'DrSmuawmh rdIajcmufvdkrsKd; rIdudk tpdk&SdwmrdkY pdrfp&mrvdkygbl;/
rdIajcmufoHk;r,fqdk&if MudKwifa&pdrfxm;yg/ ykpGefajcmufudk a&eJYazsmfxm;ay;yg/ a*:zDxkyfudk
taeawmfavmufvSD;jyD; vufwpfqkyfpmavmuf,lyg/ t&Gufodyfrsm;&ifpm;vdkYraumif;ygbl;/ jyD;&if
ZvHkwpfckxJrSm qef ydef;O rdIajcmuf a*:zDwdkYudk yJiefjym&nftaemuf qm; [if;csKdrIefYwdkYeJY
e,fay;xm;yg/ tm;vHk; tqifoifhjzpf&ifawmh vQyfppfxrif;tdk;xJ qDenf;enf;xnfhyg/ jyD;&if
MuufoGefjzL"g;jym;&dkuf (2) Oavmuf qDowfyg/ jyD;&if ykZGefajcmuf? ykZGefiefjym&nfyga&mqDowfyg/
jyD;&if yJiefjym&nftMunf taemufwdkYeJYe,fxm;wJh qef? ydef;O? rIdajcmuf? a*:zDwdkYudk xrif;tdk;xJ
xnfhjyD; cgwdkif;xrif;csufovdkyJ a&csdefxnfhjyD; csufvkdufyg/ xrif;tdk;cvkwfwuf&ifawmh
t&om&SdwJh atmfyGef&ygjyD/

jyD;&ifawmh 0wfom;wkwfxdk;av;awGudk cyfyg;yg;av; n§yfjyD; 0ufom;wkwfxdk;t&nfeJY tcsOf&nfeJY


pm;vdkY&ygw,f/ 0ufom;wkwfxdk;vkyf&wm vuf0if&ifvnf; 'Dtwdkif; tcsOf&nfeJ pm;vdkY&ygw,f/
'DaeYcsufpm;wm owd&vdkYwifay;vdkufwm pm;vdkYaumif;rSaumif;yJ/ [D; [D;

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 155

158) iSufaysmzl;aMumf - av'DusL;ypf

vdktyfwmawGuawmh

iSufaysmzl; (2) zl;


ykZGefajcmuf axmif;jyD;om; vufwpfqkyfavmuf
pdrf;pm;ig;yd
i½kwfoD;ta&mifwifrIefY
pyg;vif (2) yif

1) iSufaysmzl;udk teDa&miftcGHawG ukefwJhtxd cGmypf&ygr,f? tjzLa&miftwGif;om;awGMuD;yJusef&if


xufjcrf;jcrf;jyD; yg;yg;&dwf&dwfav;vSD;yg? rvSD;cifrSm a&ZvHkwckxJrSm qm;eJY eEGif;udk
xnfhxm;jyD;? vSD;jyD;orQ iSufaysmzl;udk tJ'D qm;eEGif;a&xJ pdrfxm;yg?
2) iSufaysmyifvSD;ovdkyJ rrnf;oGm;atmif pdrfwmyg?
3) MuufoGefjzLeD i½kwfoD;ta&mifwifrIefYudk [if;csufESpf axmif;yg?
4) jyD;&if ckeu vSD;xm;wJh iSufaysmzl;udkq,fjyD; ',ftdk;xJxnfhyg? ykZGefajcmuf? axmif;xm;wJh
[if;tESpf? ig;ydav; vufrjym;avmuf? qm;? tcsdKrIefY? qDxnfhjyD; e,fyg?
5) vufeJ. aocsme,fyg? jyD;&ifrD;zdkay:wifjyD; tkyfxm;vdkufyg?
6) qDoHjzpfjzpf jrnfjyDqdk&if (2) rdepfavmuf qDjyefatmifarTay;yg?
7) qDjyefjyDqdk&if a&av;pyfpyfxnfhjyD;xyftkyfxm;yg?
8) aemufwMudrfqDjyefcgeD;rSm pyg;vifudk vufwqpfavmufjzwf? xkjyD; xnhfvdkufyg/ qDjyef&if
iSufaysmzl; tqdrfhaMumf&ygjyD?
9) tcsOfaMumfpm;csifw,fqdk&ifawmh ig;ydenf;enf; uJxnfhjyD; qD'kwd,tMudrfjyefrS refusnf;&nf
tkyfyg/

xrif;ylylav;eJYpm;&if olYwpfrsdK;wnf;awmif [if; jzpfygw,f/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 156

159) rydk wdkU[l; (Ma Po Tofu) - sweetee

tom;taMueJY yJNym;[if;

'DaeYawmh w½kwfESpfopful;qdkawmh rqGdwDwdkY w½kwfpmav; csufpm;MuzdkYyg ... Ma Po Tofu wJh ...


rqGdwD w½kwfqdkifawGrSmyJ pm;bl;cJhwmyg ...BudKufvdkY tcktdrfrSm vufwnfhprf;rvdkYaygh ...
vdktyfwmawGu

1) 0ufom; (odkY) Muufom; (odkY) trJom;taMu 200 *&rf


2) wdkU[l; (bean culf) 200 *&rf? av;axmifhtwHk;av;awG wHk;xm;yg
3) Chili Bean sauce 2ZGef; (yHkrSm Munfhyg)
4) yJqD 3ZGef;
5) yJiefNym&nf tMunfa& 1ZGef;
6) oMum;ZGef;wpf0uf
&) i½kwfaumif; rnufwnuftenf;i,f (black papper)
8 ) i½kwfoD;pdrf; teDa&mif 3-4awmifh
9) tom;NyKwf&nf -MuufNyKwf&nf (odkh) 0uf ½dk;NyKwfa& oifhovdk (chicken stock
qdkvnf;&r,feJYwlygw,f)
10) aNymif;zl;rIefY (corn flour) oifhovdk a&azsmfxm;yg?
11) MuufoGefNrdwf wpfvufravmuft&Snfav;awG vSD;xm;yg?
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 157

tay:uypönf;av;awG tqifoifhNzpfNyDqdk csufyHkenf;tqifhqifhu

1) ',ftdk;udk rD;zdkay:wifí ylvmvQif qDxnfhyg? qDusufvQif tom;taMuav;awGudkaMumfyg?


tqufrjywfarTay;yg?
2) tom;av;awG tNyifu tenf;i,fndKvQif rD;enf;enf;avsmhítom;av;awG ab;uyfNyD;
tv,fqDpkaewJhae&mudk Chili Bean sauce xnfhNyD; puúefY 30avmufarTay;yg ... qDuteDa&mif
aNymif;oGm;ygvdrfhr,f ...
3) i½kwfaumif;eJY i½kwfoD; teDav;awGxnfYNyD; puúefU 30avmufqufarTay;yg ...
teHYav;awmfawmfarT;vmygvdrfhr,f?
4) tom;NyKwf&nf&,f? wdkY[l;vSD;xm;wmav;&,faNz;aNz;a&mxnfhyg? odyfMurf;Murf;rarTygESifh?
wdkY[l;rsm; aMurnfpdk;&ygonf ? [if;tdk;udk udkif;uudkifNyD; tay:atmuf vIyfay;ygu
ydkaumif;ygrnf?
5) oMum;eJY yJiefNym&nf tMunf&nfudk xnfhNyD; rD;ao;ao;ESifh 5rdESpfcefY ESyfxm;yg?
6) udk,fvdkcsifwJh tyspftusJudkvdkufNyD; aNymif;rIefYa&azsmfudk MunfYxnfhyg? rD;udk enf;enf;NyefNr§ihfyg?
&) t&nfenf;enf;Nypfvm&if udk,fvdkcsifwJh tyspftusJ&NyDqdk tayghtiefNrnf;? vdkwmxyfxnfh
MuufoGefNrdwfav; tay:ucwfNyD;csvdkY&ygNyD? olutESpfuav;eJY yspfyspfav;qdkawmh wpfNcm;
uefZGef;&GufaMumfvdk udkufvHaMumfvdk t&GufaMumfeJY ydkvdkufygr,f ... tifwmeufu
yHkav;awGawGYvdkUwifay;vdkufygw,f ...

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 158

160)
160) wkd[l;aysmhcsufenf; - abmhusef
wkd[l;aysmh vkdUqkdvkdufwmu *syefyJjym; (udEkwkd;zk) udkajymwm vkdUxifygw,f/ *syefyJjym; (2)
rsdK;½Sdygw,f/ rJef; &,f udEk&,f/ yHkrSef twkH;uav;eJU wkd[l; (yJjym;) &,f?
yvyfpwpftdwfvHk;wHk;wHk;av; xnfhxm;wm&,fyg/ yHkrSef av;axmifh twHk;uav;udk rJef; (0g*Grf;)
wkd[l;vkdUac:NyD; yvpfpwpftdwfvHk;wHk;wHk;av;ukd udEk (ydk;) wkd[l;vkdUac:ygw,f/

t&ifqHk;vSD;enf;u pajymygr,f/ aMuvG,fvGef;vkdUyg/ raMuatmifvSD;enf;u tJ'D


yvyfpwpftdwf½Snfuav;udk pOfheDwHk;ay:wHk;vHk;wif? "g;xufxufeJU cg;v,fuykdif;yg/ NyD;&if tp
ESpfbufu udkifNyD; yvyfpwpftdwfudk qGJxkwfvkdufyg/ (2) ydkif;jzpfaewJh wkd[l;udk tqifajyovkd
xyfydkif;vkdufyg/ 'g raMuatmifvSD;enf;yg/

bkdpm;yJoD;? (odkU) a½TyJoD;udk oifhawmf½Hk t½Snfuav;awGwHk;? ',ftkd;xJ qDenf;enf;xnfh?


ylvmwmeJU yJoD;xnfh? tkd;uif;wkduf? qDenf;avaumif;av? a&enf;enf;xnfh (enf;enf;uav;yJ
xnfhaemf) ? ta&mifuav; pdrf;vmwmeJU yef;uefxJxnhfxm;/

MuufoGefjzL (4)O (5) OcefU? "g;jym;½kduf/ apmapmu ',ftkd;xJqDxnfh/ qDrylcif


MuufoGefjzL"g;jym;½kdufxnfh? c½kqDxnfh? arT? qDoHrnfvm&if apmapmuvSD;xm;wJh yJjym;xnfh?
MuufjyKwf&nf ('grSr[kwf) tom;jyKwf&nfwpfckck ½Sd&ifxnfh? t&nfuav;usefyap/ qm;? oMum;?
oifh½Hkxnhfí apmapmu yef;uefjym;xJxnfhxm;wJh yJoD;aMumfay: avmif;csvkduf/
( uRefawmfwkdUu acs;rsm;awmh raMuatmifvSD;xm;wJh wkd[l;aysmhudk raMuatmifarTxm;rS BudKufw,f/
arTygqkdwm a,mif;r rudkifygeJU/ sauce pan udk udkifNyD; vIyfvIyfay;yg/ )

ylylav; pm;/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 159

161)
161) bJOvdyfc&rf;csOfoD;ESyf - abmhusefsef
Originally Posted by naythawtar
bJOeJ hcsufvdk h&orSs..rpMuyg..

bJOeJU csufvkdU&orQrpMuygqkdawmhum bJOudk pdwf½Snfvuf½Snfvkyfpm;csifyHk&w,f/ 'gaMumifh


tm;tm;,m;,m;csufcsifMuolrsm;twGuf bJOvdyfc&rf;csOfoD;ESyfyg/

vl (4) OD;pmtwGuf

bJO (8) vHk;ukd tESpfruGJatmif cGJvkdufNyD; yef;uefvHk;xJxnhfyg/ NyD;vQif bJOcGHtjcrf;jzifh


tESpfrsm;ukd cyfxkwfí aemufxyf yef;uefwpfvHk;xJxnhfyg/

qm; oifh½Hk tum&nfxJxnhfí acgufyg/

qm;? iefjym&nf? eEGif;rIefU oifh½Hk tenf;i,fpD tESpfrsm;xJxnfhí acgufyg/

',ftkd;jyefUjyefUBuD;BuD; Fry Pan udk rD;zkday:wif/ rD;rQOf;rQOf;eJU tylay;yg/ tJ'D',fjyefUjyefUr½Sd&if


bef;ausmfrSmqkd&ifawmh 'eftkd;tzHk;BuD;BuD; udkoHk;yg/

qDtenf;i,fxnfhí ',ftkd;wpfckvHk;ESHYaeatmif vufukdifuaeudkif&if; apmif;vkdufiJhvkdufvkyfyg/

qDteHUav;xGufvm&if apmapmacgufxm;wJh tum&nfukd avmif;vkdufyg/ yg;yg;av;eJUjyefYoGm;atmif


',ftkd; (okdU) 'eftkd;tzHk;udk ukdifí b,fomapmif;iJhay;yg/ a,mufr ponfeJU arTp&mvHk;0rvdktyfyg/
tum&nf taMumav;wif;vm½HkeJU tESpf&nfudkavmif;vkdufyg/ rD;udk vkdovkd avQmhyg/ rD;avQmhav
aumif;av/ tESpf&nfvnf; tem;awGwif;vmNyDqkd&if vdyfvkdufyg/ vlodyfrsm;vkdU bJOodyfrsm;&if (2)
cg (3) cg cGJí vdyfyg/ wpfcgwnf;vkyfvkduf&if odyfxo l Gm;NyD;vdyf&cufw,f/ cGJvdyfekdif&if
ydkaumif;w,f/

NyD;&if tJ'Dtvdyf½Snf½Snfuav;ukd pOfheDwHk;ay:wif/ (1) vufravmuf twHk;uav;awG


uGif;vkdufyg/ bJOu tjzLwpf&pf t0gwpf&pfeJU vSw,f/

c&r;fcsOfoD; (3) vHk;avmufudk twHk;uav;awGwHk;yg/

NyD;&if MuufoGefjzL^eD? i½kwfoD;pdrf;rIefU eJU qDoyf/ i½kwfoD;avSmfeHYav; oif;vm&if iefjym&nf


1ZGef;avmufxnfh/ c&rf;csOfoD;xnfh/ arTyg/ a& vuzbuf&nfyef;uef 2vHk;avmuf xnfhyg/
tzHk;cPtkyfxm;/ a&qlvm&if qm;^oMum;xnfhNyD; cPtkyfxm;/
a&taeawmfavmuf tusef ( ukd,fBudKufoavmufusefyap? ) &NyDqkd&if apmapmu bJOvdyfxnfhyg/

bJOvdyfu jyefUoGm;aMuoGm;wwfw,f/ arT&if tomuav; arT/

ESYHNyDqkd&if csvkdufawmh / pm;vkdU&NyD/ ajymxm;r,faemf/ tm;tm;,m;,m; ½SdrScsufpm;/ vuf0ifw,f/


%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 160

162)
162) yJjym;csOfpyf - rcspfpk

yJjym;csOfpyf qdkvdkY.. [dkaeYu tdrfunDrav;wpfa,mufu csufpm;vdkY olcsufwmav;udk


tao;pdwfr[kwfawmif tMurf;zsif;rSwfrdoavmuf a&;ay;vdkufw,f...

1/ yJjym; (Beam Curd) udktaeawmf av;axmifhwHk;av; wHk;vdkufyg.


2/ aumfrIefY eJY Chili Sauce udka&enf;enf;xnfhjyD; ryspfrusJazsmfxm;yg.
3/ MuufoGefjrdwfudk taeawmfav; vSD;xm;yg.
4/ ',ftdk;xJrSm qDtenf;i,fxnhfjyD; yJjym;udkqDeJY cPvSdrfhjyD; tay:uaeazsmfxm;wJh aumf&nfudk
avmif;xnfh? qm;? tcsdKrIefY enf;enf;qDxnfhjyD; (5) rdepfavmufxm;vdkufyg tdk;csumeD;rS
MuufoGefjrdwfudk xnfhvdkufyg.. csdKcsOfpyfav; yJjym;udk pm;&wm wpfrsdK;av;yJ.. wpfcgrSawmh
rpm;zl;0l; olvkyfauR;rS pm;zl;wm..

%%%%%%%%

163) jrd
jrdwfykpGefokyf - remembrance

ykpGefawGukd tcGHETm? [kd[mxkwf? a&aq;oefYpifNyD;&if qm;udk udk,fYpdwfBudKufay:rlwnfNyD; xnfYyg/


tm;yg;w&e,fyg/ wpfa,mufa,mufudk a'goxGufaewJYtcsdefqdk ydkaumif;ygw,f/ tNidK;wBuD;udk
e,fypfvdkufyg/

NyD;awmY &Svum&nfrSmpdrfxm;yg/ ykpGefawGusufNyD; teDa&mifazsmYazsmYoef;wJYtxdpdrf&ygw,f/


ykpGeft&G,fay:rlwnfNyD; wpfem&Duae okH;em&Davmufxdpdrf&wwfygw,f/
teDa&mifazsmYav;oef;vmNyDqdk&if pdrfxm;wJhykpGefawGudk &Svum&nfukefatmif n§pfypfyg/
yg;yg;vDS;xm;wJY BuufoGefeD? i½kwfodD;pdrf;? eHeHyifeJYa&myg/ tiefvdkao;&if qm;xyfxnfYyg/
qDvkH;0rxnfYygbl;/

Buufom;NyKwf&nfav;udk BuufoGefNrdwfcyfvdkufNyD; [if;csdKtaeeJYaomuf&if tqifaNyygw,f/


odoavmufawmY 'gygyJ/
jrdwfutpm;tpmvm;awmY twdtusrodygbl;&Sif/ okyfauGs;wJYolu jrdwfokyfvdkYaNymvkdYyg/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 161

164) [efeDcsKd tokyfpkH - [efeDcsdK

(1) oabFmoD;.. a*:zD.. ukdjcpf.. MuufoGefeD (enf;enf;) .. ocGg;oD;.. yg;yg;vSD;...oyfoyfz,fxm;


(2) acgufqGJ.. MumZH jyKwf... a&at;avmif; .. ZumxJxnfUppf... yJiefjym&nfvl;xm;..
(3) yJyifaygufa&aEG;azsm.. ppfxm;
(4) MuufoGefjzL^eD qDcsuf csuf.. qDoyfoyf.. MuufoGefaMumfoyfoyfcGJxm;...
(5) i½kwfoD; (3) awmifhavmufukd Aluminium Foil eJUxkwfyD; oven xJxnfUzkwf.. jyD;...
ykZGefajcmufaxmif;.. i½kwfoD;axmif;..
(6) xrif;enf;enf;ukd i½kwfqD..qm;.. tcsKdrIefU a&me,fyD; xrif;qkwfvkyfxm;...
(7) tmvl;jyKwf.. tcGHETm.. yg;yg;vSD;xm;...
(8) refusnf;oD;.. a&aEG;enf;enf;xnfU.. microwave xJ (3) rdepfavmufxnfY... jyD;&if
i½kwfqDxnfU.. qm;..tcsKdrIefUxnfY.. i½kwfoD;pdrf;.. eHeJyif yg;yg;vSD;xnfU..
tcsOf&nf &yD...
(9) pdwf&Snfao;w,fqkd&ifawmh yJjym;aMumf.. ao;ao;av;awGn§yf

tm;vkH;pkHavmufyDqkd&if.. ZvkHxJrSm..

MumZH? acgufqGJ.. vSD;xm;wmtm;vkH;.. yJyifayguf.. yJjym;aMumf.. qDcsuf.. yJrIefY.. tcsKdrIefY


iefjym&nf.. i½kwfoD;rIefY.. ykZGefajcmuf.. tmvl;.. tcsOfa&.. a&morjyD;e,fyg...
csOf ief pyf pdwfwkdif;us okyfpm;vkdY&ygyD...

bl;oD;eJU*sKHMumZH[if;cg; eJU wGJzufpm;Ekdifygw,f..

%%%%%%%%

165) aqGrsKd
rsKd;arh
arh0ufom;tcsOfcsufenf; - AnthonyM
yg0ifypönf;

1/ refusnf;oD;tpdrf; pm;ravmuf
2/ 0ufom; pm;ravmuf
3/ rQpfcsOf pm;ravmuf
4/ i½kwfoD;pdrf; (tpyfBudKuf&ifawmh rsm;rsm;omxnfh)

refusnf;oD;awG&JU tay:,H t0ga&miftvTmudk "g;eJYjcpfxkwfjypfyg/ NyD;vQif xufjcrf;jcrf;NyD;


twGif;xJrSm taphrsm;xkwfNypfyg/ i½kwfoD;pdrf;udk tñSmacRNyD; xufjcrf;jcrf;xm;aom
refusnf;oD;rsm;eJY bvef'gxJ a&mBudwfyg/ BudwfNyD;om; refusnf;oD;udk qm;? ig;yd? oMum;
oifhawmf½HkxnfhNyD; oratmife,fyg/ 0ufom;xJ qm;? eEGif;? ta&mifwifrIefY? oMum;
oifhawmf&HkxnfhNyD; Budwfxm;aom refusnf;oD;rsm;eJY oratmifa&me,fyg/ qDtaeawmfxnfhNyD;
wnfyg/ 0ufom;tdk;yGufvmvQif rQpfcsOfxnfhyg/ 0ufom;El;vQifpm;vdkY&ygNyD/ qDjyefpm;jcif&ifawmh
qDjyefwJhtxdatmifwnfyg/
%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 162

166) jynf
ynfBuD;ig; csOfpyf - abmhusef^rodbl;

rodbl;&JY csOfpyfvkyfenf;

csOfpyfvkyfenf; odoavmufuawmU .... i½kwfoD;? MuufoGefjzLaxmif;jyD; &Smvum&nf?


iefjym&nfenf;enf;av;? jyD;awmhrS oHyk&m&nfEdkifEdkifoHk;jyD; tcsOfpyfwmyJvdkU xifwmyJ
...eHeHyifav;vnf; tkyfvdkufOD; ...aumif;rSaumif;yJ .. rpm;&wmawmYMumygjyDav ...

abmhusef&JY aMumfenf;

jynfBuD;ig; csOfpyfuawmh tay:rSm udkrodbl;ajymwmeJUwifvHkavmufaeygNyD/ t"du jyóemay;r,fh


aMumf&efMumcsdefudk ajymcsifygw,f/

i½kwfoD;uawmh tBurf;Budwfxm;wm&&ifaumif;r,f/

qDxnfh? i½kwftESpf&nfxnfh (,kd;',m;qkdifawGrSm txkyfeJU ykvif;eJUa&mif;w,f/) MuufoGefjzLudk


"g;jym;½kduf? MuufoGefeDukd av;pdwfuGJvSD;xm;wmxnfh/ csif;&nf enf;enf;ñSpfxnfh/
ajcmufvmNyDqkd&if jynfBuD;ig;xnfh/ ('DtcsdefupNyD;vufjref&r,f/) ½Smvum½SnfwpfZGef;xnfh/
a½Smuf&nf&&if wpfpdwfavmufñSpfxnfh/ arTaeyg/ teHUav; arT;wufvm&if csawmh / rcscifav;rSm
MuufoGefjzL tjrdwfudk t½Snfuav;awG pOf;xm;wm xnfhvkdufOD;/ yHkrSeftm;jzifh jynfBuD;ig;udk
xnfhvkdufwJhtcsdefuae wpfrdepfeJYpuúefUoHk;q,frSm csEkdif&if aysmhaysmhav; ay:aMumwif;pjyKump
w½kwfqkdifawGu vuf&mrsdK; EkEkuav; pm;vkdUaumif;w,f/ ESpfrdepfuae
ESpfrdepfoHk;q,fpuúefUtwGif;csEkdif&if ,dk;',m;qkdifvuf&mvkd enf;enf;rmpjyKwm&r,f/
ESpfrdepfoHk;q,fpuúefUausmfrSom csr,fqkd&if uRefawmhf q&morm;wpfa,mufajymzl;wm trIdufyHk;xJ
oGefvkdufygawmhwJh/ EkdifiHwumrSm jynfBuD;ig;udk rD;zkday:rSm ESpfrdepfpuúefUoHk;q,fxuf ykdrwifMuyg/
'Dtcsdefu jynfBuD;ig;u tcef;tylcsdefrSm ½SdaecsdefrSm&,f rD;zkdu 3500 kcal *dwfqHk;xd
jyif;xm;csdefrSm ajymwmaemf/ defrost vkyfNyD;cgpawGrSm? at;aew,fvkdU xif&if
wpfrdepfavmufykdxm;vnf;&ygw,f/
rSwfcsuf / a&vHk;0rxnfh&yg/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 163

167) BuufOeJYrkefnif;csOfaBumf - remembrance


rkefnif;csOfu tcsOft&omtNyif enf;enf;iefvnf;wwfwmrdkY a&eJY (3) cgavmuf aq;ygw,f/
aq;wJYtcg aocsm qkyfe,fNyD; aq;rS tief oufomwwfygw,f/
a&aq;NyD;wJY rkefnif;awGudk yg;yg;vSD;ygw,f/ BuufO (3) vkH;avmufudk acgufxm;ygw,f/

BuufoGefeDudkyg;yg;vSD;NyD; a&T0ga&mifoef;vmwJYtxd qDowfygw,f/


NyD;awmh rkefnif;csOfxnfYygw,f/ ESHYatmif arTay;NyD; acgufarTxm;wJYBuufOa&mygw,f/
½kd;½kd;BuufOarTaBumfvdkyJ... / csOfiefqdrfYt&omav;yJuGmygw,f/

%%%%%%%%

168) 0ufom;oHk;xyfom;tcsdKcsuf - yinetaezinyaw

Originally Posted by remembrance


0ufom; okH;xyfom;udk b,fvdkcsuf&if taumif;qkH;vJ[if/
csufenf;av;awGyg aNymNyygvm;/
aus;Zl;yg&SifY/

Zifa,mfuawmh tcsLdcsufcsufw,f/ rQpfcsOfwkdY ykef;&nfBuD;wkdY csufpm;vnf;


aumif;wmyJ/

Zifa,mftcsLdcsufu...

1) 0ufom;ukd tqDa&m tom;a&m a&mNyD;taeawmfwkH;yg/


2) NyD;&ifqm;eYJe,fNyD; ',ftkd;ukdrD;tylay;NyD; avSmfvkdufyg/
3) 0ufom;eDvmNyDqkd csNyD; ',ftkd;ukda&aq;yg/
4) NyD;&if rD;zdkay: NyefwifNyD; tkd;aNcmufvm&if qDxnfYyg/
qDtrsm;BuD; xnfYp&mrvdkygbl; 0ufom;uqDxGuftkef;rSmrkdYyg/
5) qDylvm&if oBum;xnfharTyg/ rwl;ygapeYJ/
6) qDeDvm&if csif;? BuufoGefNzL xnfhjyD; qDowfyg/
7) teYHarT;vm&if avSmfxm;wJh 0ufom;ukdxnfharTyg/
8) qDNyefvm&if 0ufom;ukda&NrKyfatmifxnfhNyD;El;atmifwnfyg/
9) 0ufom;El;cgeD; ta&rcef;cifrSm BuufoGefO ao;ao;av;awGokdY av;pdwfpdwfNyD;xnfhyg/
0ufom;El;NyD; qDNyefvm&if pm;vkd.&ygNyD/

ole.JwGJpm;zkd.u csOfaygifeYJig;acgif;eYJ csnfa&[if;&,f


ig;ydaxmif;pyfpyfav;&,faygh/
BuKdNyD;awmh aNym&OD;r,f/ twkdif; tqawmhar;ygeJYuG,f/
wu,frodwmyg/ 'Dtwkdif;rSef;csufvkdufwmyJ/
%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 164

169) seabass aBumfESyf - yinetaezinyaw

seabass qkdwmNrefrmNynfu uuwpfig;eJYwlygw,f/


aBumfpm;pm;? aygif;pm;pm;? uifpm;pm; pm;vkdYaumif;ygw,f/

seabass aBumfESyf

ig;ukdtaBu;cGHawGaNymifatmifETmNyD; taeawmfwkH;yg/ qm;? eEGif;eYJe,fyg/


qDoifY½kHxnfhjyD; <uyfaeatmifaBumfyg/ NyD;&ifq,fxm;NyD; ig;aBumfqDxJukd
BuufoGefeD yg;yg;vSD;NyD;xnfhaBumfyg/ BuufoGefeDvm&if csif;? BuufoGefNzL? pyg;vif
ukdnufatmifaxmif;NyD; xnfhyg/ i½kwfoD;ta&mifwifrIefYxnfhyg/
tJh'DtcsdefrSm rD;rNyif;ygapeJY/ NyD;&ifc&rf;csOfoD;yg;yg;vSD;xm;wmukdxnfhyg/
c&rf;csOfoD;aBuatmifcPtkyfxm;yg/ c&rf;csOfoD;aBuoGm;&if ckeuaBumfxm;whJ ig;ukdNyefxnfhyg/
aNz;aNz;arTyg/ iefNym&nfxhJyg/
i½kwfoD;pdrf; eHeHyiftkyfNyD;csyg/
t&om&SdwhJ ig;aBumfESyf wcGuf&ygNyD/

aygif;wmuawmhawmfawmfvG,fygw,f/

ig;ukdtaBu;cGHETmNyD; taumifvdkufukd 'g;eJYrTef;yg/


tv,fuxufNcrf;cGJNyD; csif;? BuufoGefNzL? pyg;vif yg;yg;vSD;NyD;xnfhyg/
NyD;&ifyef;uefNym;xJukd chinese leaf cif;yg/ ig;ukdtay:uwifyg/
NyD;&ifoHy&kdoD;ukd tuGif;vkdufvSD;NyD; ig; tay:eJY ab;ywfywfvnfrSm
xnfhyg/ NyD;&ifa&aEG;aiGYeYJ aygif;yg/ rdepf (20)? (25) qkdusufygNyD/

oleJY wGJpm;whJaqmhpfu

yJiefNym&nftMunfxJukdoHy&moD;n§pfxhJyg/ i½kwfoD;pdrf;? MuufoGefNzL? eHeHyifyg;yg;vSD;xnfh ?


oBum;enf;enf;xhJ iefw,fxif&ifa&enf;enf;a&myg/

pm;cgeD;Bu&if ig;ay:aqmhpfqrf;NyD;pm;vkdY&ygNyD/
ylylaEG;aEG;pm;&iftaumif;qkH;ygyJ/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 165

170) uefpGef;&GufeJYig;ydaMumf - qGdwD

Kangkong Blachan
pvHk;rSm b,f seafood resturant rSm rrSmrNzpfrSmpm;rdwmuawmU uefZGef;&GufeJU
ig;yda&maMumfxm;wJU Kangkong Blachan ygyJ ... iefiefpyfpyfMudKufwwfwJU rqGdwDwdkUArmawG
yg;pyfeJU uGufwdygyJ ...

Nyifxm;&rSmawGu ...( 4 a,mufpmavmufaygU)

1/ uefZGef;&Guf vufwpfqkyfpm tpnf; (3) pnf;avmufudk a&aq; 3vufravmuft&Snf


vSD;xm;yg ... udkif;t&ifhawGz,fypfyg ...
2/ qD ZGef; (4) ZGef;
3/ c½kqD wpf ZGef;
4/ ig;yd wpf ZGef;
5/ ykZGefaNcmuf (2) ZGef; armufarmuf
6/ MuufoGefNzL 4-5 jrTm
7/ MuufoGefeD cyfao;ao;wpfvHk; yg;yg;vSD;xm;
8/ i½kwfoD; ta&mifwifrIefY (ta&mifvS&Hkenf;enf;)
9/ i½kwfoD; teDt&Snfawmifh tpdrf; 4-5 awmifU ... tpyfMudKuf&if ydkxnfh ...
10/ qm; oifh&Hk
11/ oMum; wpf ZGef;
(rqGdwDaNymwJh ZGef;qdkwm xrif;pm;wJhtcgoHk;wJh cuf&if;eJUwJGpm;wJhZGef;yg)

csufyHktqihfqifhu

1) tESpftwGuf trSwfpOf (4) uae (11) txd bvef'geJU nufaeatmifMudwfyg ...


2) rD;udk taeawmfrSmxm;NyD; ',ftdk;ydkif;MuD;w,fyg ... qDusuf&if tESpfMudwfxm;wmawGudk
tomxnfhjyD; 3) rdepf (4) rdepfavmuf arTay;yg ...
3) teHUarT;vm&if uefZGef;&Guf udkxnfh? (2) rdepfavmuf tomarTay;yg ... c½kqDudkxnfUyg ...
4) a&cef;&if a&enf;enf;xyfNznfhxnfhNyD; wpfrdepfavmufxyfarT uefZGef;&Guf tpdrf;a&mifraysmufcif
taygh tief tcsdKNrnf;ícsyg ....

tifwmeufxJuyHkav;awG wifay;vdkufygw,f ...


NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 166

Asked by kaungkinpyar
rqDGwD
c½kqDr&SdvdkYrxnfh&ifaum t&omajymif;oGm;Edkifvm;[if..tpfrawGajymwJhtwdkif;rSwfjyD;vdkufcsufayr,fh
aumif;uifcsufwJh[if;awmfawmfrsm;rsm;ut&om odyfraumif;ovdkyJ/
Comment by sweetee
raumif;uifNyma&
rxnfhvnf; aumif;ygw,f ... w½kwfqdkifu csufenf;xJrSm c½kqDvHk;0rygygbl; ..
tJ'grqGdwDtdrfrSmcsufawmh c½kqDyg&ifydkaumif;vdkU xnfhxm;wmyg ...
t"duu csuf&ifNrnf;Munfh ... tayghtief udk,fhpdwfMudKuf vdk&ifxyfxnfh ... tpxJu
rsm;atmifawmh rxnfheJUayghuG,f ...xnfhNyD;&if EkwfvdkUrSr&wm ... qGdwD

%%%%%%%%

171) xdkif;abq,fMuufom;aMumf -sweetee

Thai Basil Chicken

tay:rSm abq,f&GuftaMumif;aNymaevdkU owd&vdkU ,dk;',m;emrnfMuD;[if;wpfcGuf NzpfwJU


abq,f&GufeJU Muufom; b,fvdkcsuf&vJqdkwmaNymNyygr,f ... csuf&wm NrefNyD;
vG,fvnf;vG,fygw,f ... pvHk;Muufom;awGu tnDSeHhwpfrsdK;&SdvdkU tJvdkcsufpm;&if
abq,f&GufeHUoif;oif;av;eJU t&omvnf;&Sdygw,f/

vdkwJUypönf;awGu

1/ Muufom;tom;csnf; (300)*&rf twHk;ao;av;awGwHk;xm;yg/ Muufom; taMuMudwfxm;wm


qdkvnf; &ygw,f/
2/ MuufoGefNzL OMuD; 4-5jrTm Mudwfxm;yg/ odyfrnufygapeJU/ ao;ao;av;awG chop
vkyfxm;wmqdk ydkaumif;ygw,f/
3/ csif; vufwpfqpfavmuf tacsmif;ao;ao;av;awG vSD;xm;yg/
4/ i½kwfoD;pdrf; 3-4awmifh Mudwfxm;yg/ (3) awmifhavmufudk yg;yg;av;awGvSD;xm;yg/
5/ abq,f&Guf (sweet basil/common basil/Thai basil) (3) cuf avmufudk t&GufacRxm;yg/
6/ iefNym&nf 1ZGef;
7/ yJiefNym&nf taemuf oifhovdk (ta&mifvS&eftwGuf)
8/ oMum;wpfZGef;
9/ qD (4) ZGef;
(rqGdwDaNymwJh ZGef;qdkwm xrif;pm;wJUtcgoHk;wJh cuf&if;eJUwJGpm;wJh ZGef;yg)
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 167

csufenf;tqifhqifhu

1/ rD;jyif;jyif;eJU ',ftdk;ydkif;wnf? qDxnfUyg/


2/ qDusuf&if csif;? MuufoGefNzL? i½kwfoD;pdrf;Mudwfxm;wmawGxnfharTyg/
3/ MuufoGefNzL a&T0ga&mifav;oef;vmNyDqdk Muufom;xnfh tqufrjywfarTay;yg/
4/ iefNym&nf? oMum; xnfh Muufom;uxGufvmwJha& cef;NyD; aNcmufvmwJhtxd (2)
rdepfavmufqufarTay;yg/
5/ yJiefNym&nf xnfhNyD;qufarTyg/
6/ abq,f&GufeJU i½kwfoD;vSD;xm;wmav;awGcyfNyD; arT;vm&if taygh tief tcsdKNrnf;
vdk&ifxyfxnfh? csvdkU&ygNyD/

abq,f&GufarT;arT;av;eJU Muufom;[if;wpfcGuf&ygNyD/

tifwmeufxJu yHkav;awG wifay;vdkufygw,f/ csufwJUoltay:wnfNyD; Am;&Sif;trsdK;rsdK;uJGvdkU


yHkawGu tay:ucsufenf;eJU enf;enf;uJGygvdrfUr,f ... 'gayrJU taNccHcsufenf;uawmU twlwlygyJ/
xrif;Nzl (odkU) xrif;aMumf&,f MuufO half fried aMumf&,f i½kwfoD;iefNym&nfa&mxm;wJU
aqmhpf&,fwJGpm;Muygw,fwJh/

i½kwfoD;iefNym&nfaqmUpf (Chili Fish Sauce)


1/ i½kwfoD; 2-3 awmifU yg;yg;vSD;xm;yg/
2/ MuufoGefeDtvHk;ao;av; (1)vHk; yg;yg;vSD;xm;yg/
3/ iefNym&nf (2) ZGef;
4/ oHy&m&nf (oHyk&moD;ao;ao; wpfpdwf)
txufyg (4)rsdK;udk yef;uefJvHk;xJa&mxnfh&if i½kwfoD;iefNym&nfaqmhpf &ygNyD/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 168

172) vufzuftaMumfpHkaMumfenf; - ysdKysdKar

Originally Posted by KyarPhyu


udkudkwdkY? rrwdkYa&..auyDh tdrfrSm yJawG trdsK;pHkatmif &Sdygw,f/
tJ'g vufzufokyfxJu ukvm;yJjcrf;aMumfwdkYvdk aMumfjyD; vufzufeJYpm;csifvdkYyg/ ,kZe vufzuf
taMumfpHkqdk enf;enf;av;yJ&vdkY..udk,fwdkifaMumfMunf hcsifygw,f/ aMumfenf;av;rsm;od&if rpMuygOD;/

Comment by Sweetee
rauyDa&
ukvm;yJudka&El;NyD;yGaeatmif nxJupdrf reufusqDrsm;rsm;xJ xnfhaMumfMunfUygvm; ...
a&rpdrfbJausmf&if yJurmNyD;uspfaewm ... wpfNcm;yJawGvnf; 'DvdkyJ a&pdrfNyD;yGvmrS
aMumfw,fxifwmyJ ... yJuolY[molyGNyD;om;qdkawmU qdk'gvnf;vdkr,frxifbl; ...
enf;enf;t&ifprf;MunfUygvm;
...qGdwD

Comment by aumif;uifjym
rauyD
tdrfrSmwkef;uawmh tbGm;av;aMumfaMumfaewm awGYbl;w,f/ yJjcrf;? yJvHk;? ajryJeJY ESrf;wdkYudka&mjyD;
qDeJY',ftdk;xJrSm avSmfovdk arTaewmav/ qm;eJYtcsdKrIefYoHk;w,f/ iefjym&nfxnfhvm;rxnfhvm;
qdkwmawmhaocsmrodbl;/ pm;vdkYt&rf;aumif;wmyJ/ tJ'Dvdkpm;jyD;&if tjyifutaMumfawG
rMudKufawmhbl;/ MuGyfMuGyfav; aMumfrSaumif;wm/ rauyDar;wmeJY wlvm;rwlvm;awmhrodbl;/
'gayr,fh owd&jyD;pm;csifvmwmawmhtrSefyJ.. [D;.[D;../

trauyD vufzuftaMumfpHk aMumfcsif&if.. aemufwpfrsufESmudkMunhfaemf....


NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 169

ukvm;yJjcrf; ....... wpfn a&pdrfvdkufyg/ reufus&if a&awGoGefypfNyD; yJawGudk a&aq;vkdufyg/


NyD;&if pm;qdk'g eJY (3) em&Davmuf pdrfvdkufyg/ aMumfcgeD;&if yJawGudk pumppfNyD; a&aq;csvdkufyg/
toifhjzpfNyDqdk&if tdk;xJqDxnfh .. qDylvm&if yJxnfh a&enf;enf; xnfhNyD; tdk;udk
tzHk;tkyfxm;vdkufyg/ rMumcP yJawGudk txufatmufvSefay;yg/ a&ukefcgeD;NyD qdk&if
tquftjywf arTNyD; MuGyf&G vmonfxd aMumfyg/ MuGyfvmNyDqdk&if q,fxkwfNyD; qDppfxm;yg/

yJBuD;jcrf;aMumf ... ukvm;yJ twdkif;yJ aMumfyg/

MuufoGefaMumf
Mum ... MuufoGefjzL udk yg;yg;vSD; aevSef;NyD; tajcmufcHyg/ NyD;&if qDylxJudk xnfh
wpfcsuf ESpfcsuf arTNyD; ta&mifajymif;wmeJY q,fxkwfNyD; qDppfxm;yg/ r[kwf&if eDatmif
xm;vdkufwJhtcg tyl&SdefaMumifh rJoGm;wwfygw,f/ reDcif BudKq,fvdkufyg/

ESrf; ....... tdk;ylatmif wnfvdkufyg/ tdk;ylwJh tcg ESrf;xnfhNyD; qDav; enf;enf;yJ xnfhyg/
tqufrjywfarTaeyg/ rarT&if ESrf; tusuf rnD jzpfwwfygw,f/ ESrf;av;awG arT;NyD; ta&mifvS
vm&if yef;uefoefYoefY ajcmufajcmuf wpfckxJ xnfhvdkufyg/ tat;cHxm;yg/

ajryJaMumf
Mum ........ ajryJaMumfwm (2) rsdK; &Sdygw,f/ wpfrsdK;u ... tdk;xJudk qDxnfhyg enf;enf;av;
ylvm&if ajryJpdrf;awG xnfhyg/ tqufrjywfarTaeyg/ ajryJawG wazmufazmuf jrnfvmygvdrfhr,f/
tcGHav;awG eDvmygvdrfhr,f/ arTwmudk r&yfygeJY/ wazmufazmuf toHav; pJ oGm;&if
ajryJaMumfav; awGudk yef;uefxJ cyfxnfhNyD; tat;cHvdkufyg/

aemufwpfrsdK;u ajryJawGudk a&pdrfvdkufyg/ (2) &ufavmuf pdrfyg/ tcGHawGudk cRwfxkwfypfyg/


ajryJawGu &Snf&SnfBuD;BuD; awG jzpfvmygvdrfhr,f/ NyD;rS qDylav;xJ a&av; enf;enf; eJY twl
aMumfyg/ MuGyfvmwJh txd aMumfNyD; q,fxm;vdkufvdkY &ygNyD/

taMumfawG xJudk qm;? tcsdKrIefY rxnfh&yg/ cPav; aysmh oGm;wwfygw,f/

ESpfjyefaMumfvdkcsifw,f qdk&ifawmh aMumfNyDom; taMumfawG a&mNyD; qDylav;eJY cPav;


jyefaMumfvdkufyg/

Adkuf&dkufNyD;om pm;ayawmh trauyDa&/ vufanmif;NyD; tarTpdef jzpfoGm;&ifawmh wm0efr,lbl;aemf


.......

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 170

173) Muufom;tcsdKcsuf tvG,fenf; - udka&T&dk;MuD;


[if;csufcsif&if tvG,fenf;av;awG ajymjyr,f/ MuufoGefrygbJ csufcsif&ifvnf;&w,f/

Muufom;tcsdKcsuf

vkdtyfonfrsm;

Muufom; - MudKufoavmuf
qD - tenf;i,f (MuufrS tqDxGufOD;rnf)
qm; - tenf;i,f
csif; - tenf;i,f
yJiefjym&nf - tenf;i,f
tmvl; - MuDKufoavmuf
MuufoGefjzL - tenf;i,f

uJpcsufr,f/ Muufom;udk MuDKufovdkvSD;/ yef;uefxJxnfh/ yJiefjym&nfxnfh/ qm;xnfh/


e,faya&mh/ jyD;yvm;/ csufrJh',ftdk;udkjyif/ qDxnfh/ MuufoGefjzL? csif; &dkufvSD;jyD;om;awG xnfh
qDowfvdkuf/ puefY (30) avmuf &SJ&SJjyD;&if Muufom;xnfh/ ta&mifuav;jzLvmonftxd
Muufom;awGudk [dkbuf'DbufvSnfh/ (2) bufvkH;jzL&if a&xnfh/ udk,fvSD;wJhykHrlwnfjyD;
tcsdefvnf;uGmwwfw,f/ El;cgeD; (13) rdepfavmufqkd tmvl;xnfh/ tmvl;El;&if
Muufom;vnf;El;jyD/
pm;Munfhpm;Munfh t&rf;aumif;w,f/

tvG,fcsufenf;av;awG wifay;&rvm;/ t[d/ em&D0uftwGif; xrif;csuftjyD; [if;tcsufjyD;


&r,f/ (vSD;cRwfwmygtyg ) b0wlawGrdk. udk,fcsif;pmygw,f/ usGefawmfvnf; 'Da&mufrS
pcsufwmyg/ vufujrif;aMumxjyD; [if;topfawGawmif &vmygao;w,f t[d/
raumif;awmhvnf; raumif;wJh tavsmuf aummif;awmhvnf; AdkufayguftavQmuf/ pm;ygw,fcifAs/
t[d/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 171

174) a&aEG;Murf;eJUxef;vsuf - vljzL

aEG&moD t&rf;ylcsdefrSm a&at;xuf ? a&aEG;u ydkoifhawmfygw,f/


a&aEG;udk 'DvdkBudKr,fav/
a&aEG;tdk; ("gwfAl;wpfvHk;pm)xJudk vufzufpdk (1) usyfom; xnfhNyD; yGufyGufqlatmifwnfyg/
qlaomf apmfbGm;EIwfcrf;arT; vufzufajcmuf (1^2) usyfom;cefUxnfhjyD; rD;zdk ay:wGif qufESyfyg/
vufzufajcmufusaomf aomufoHk;EdkifygjyD/ (vufzufarT; roHk;&)
xef;vsufudk 'Dvdkvkyfr,f/

xef;vsufudknufatmifaxmif;/ ESrf;eufudk nufatmifaxmif;/ qwlcefU a&morarTNyD;aomf..


ZGef;i,fjzifhcyfpm;jcif;u wpfenf;/

xef;vsufaysmhudk axmif;yg/ ESrf;qDppfppf jrKyfatmifqrf;NyD; oHk;aqmifjcif;u wpfoG,f/

aq;enf;wpfck/
a&aEG;BudKyg/ qlavaomf.. a&ppfcHí ajrtdk;i,f twGif;odkUxnfh/
vufzufajcmufrygap&ef txl;owdjyKyg/ 4if;udk tat;cHjyD; a&tpm;aomufoHk;ay;ygu..
acR;xGufvGefjcif;? tyl&Syfjcif;? tylaMumifhjzpfwwfaom OD;aESmufaoG;aMum jywfjcif;? uifqma&m*g
umuG,fEdkifjcif;? tusKd;rsm;vSygonf/

vljzL/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 172

175) ,dk;',m;oabFmoD;axmif; - qGdwD


'DaeYawmh ,dk;',m;pm emrnfMuD;aemufwpfckNzpfwJU ,dk;',m; oabFmoD;axmif;
...tifwmeufxJrSmawGUvdkU NrefrmNyefay;vdkufygw,f ...

vl (3) a,mufpmavmuf vdkwJhypönf;awGu


1/ oabFmoD;cyfpdrf;pdrf; wpfpdwfavmufudk tcGHETmNyD; Ncpfxm;yg/oabFmoD;okyf
MuGyfMuGyfav;pm;csifawmh Ncpfxm;xmav;awG a&cJaowÅmxJ (1) em&Davmufxnfhxm;aygh/
2/ ykZGefaNcmuf rnufwnufaxmif;xm;wm (2) ZGef; ?
3/ i½kwfoD;pdrf; 3-4awmifh (tpyfMudKuf&ifydkxnfhyg)
4/ MuufoGefNzL (2)jrTmavmuf
5/ c&rf;csOfoD; tvHk;ao;ao; (3) vHk;avmuf xufNcrf;Ncrf;xm;yg/
6/ Brown sugar? r&Sd&ifvnf; &dk;&dk;oMum; xef;vsufvHk; (2) vHk;pmavmuf
7/ oHyk&moD; wpfpdwf
8/ iefNym&nf (3) ZGef;
9/ aNryJqHavSmfNyD; tcGHcRwf xufNcrf;uJG&Hk axmif;xm;yg?
10/ yJawmifh&Snfwpfawmifh wpfvufrt&G,favmufpD vufeJUNzwfxm;yg?
(rqGdwDaNymwJh ZGef;qdkwm xrif;pm;wJhtcgoHk;wJh c&if;eJYwJGpm;wJh ZGef;yg- pm;yJGZGef; -table spoon
ac:ygw,f)

okyfyHktqifhqifhu
1/ i½kwfqHkMuD;MuD;xJrSm MuufoGefNzLeJU i½kwfoD;pdrf;udkaxmif;yg?
2/ nufvmvQif Ncpfxm;wJh oabFmoD;udk xnfhzGzGaxmif;yg?
3/ c&rf;csOfoD;xufNcrf;av;awGxnfh xyfaxmif;yg?
4/ Brown sugar xnfhaxmif;yg?
5/ ykZGefaNcmuf? iefNym&nfESifh oHy&m&nfxnfh xyfaxmif;yg?
6/ axmif;xm;xmav;awGudk i½kwfqHkxJwif EYSHatmifZGef;eJUarTokyfyg ?e,fyg?
&/ axmif;xm;wJh oabFmoD;okyfudk tzwfawGa&m t&nfawGa&mrusef NyifrJh yef;uefxJxnfUyg?
8/ tay:uae yJoD;Nzwfxm;wmeJU aNryJ tomNzL;xnfh&if pm;zdkY tqifoifh NzpfygNyD/
,dk;',m; oabFmoD;axmif; csdKcsdKcsOfcsOf pyfpyfav;yg? oluaxmif;rS oabFmoD;utcsdK&nfxGufNyD;
tJ'Dt&nfpyfpyfuav;eJUrS pm;vdkUaumif;wmyg ... axmif;wmuvnf; tukefpkxnfUNyD; wpfcgxJ
axmif;wmr[kwfyJ wpfckNyD;wpfck tpOftwdkif;xnfhaxmif;& ygw,f /

tifwmeufuyHkav;awGyg ...

ADG'D,dkeJUNywmMunfUcsif&if ...
http://www.yoursmilingchef.com/easy-recipe/thai-food-papaya-salad-som-dum/
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 173

176) vljzL\
zL\ tm;aq;enf; - vljzL
tzdk;enf;? vG,ful? aumif;rGefwJU enf;ayghAsm/

aumfMuuf (aumfzD + MuufO)

1/ aumfzDrpf (rnfonfhaumfzDrqdk) wpfxkyfudk zefcGuf (rnfonfhcGufrqdk) xJazmufxnfhyg/


2/ MuufOwpfvHk;udk aumfzDxnfhxm;aom cGufxodkU azmufxnfhyg/ xdkUaemuf aumfzDESifh MuufOudk
nufnufaMu or aMurG ememacgufarTyg/
3/ NyD;avaomf .. a&aEG;qlql (ylylr[kwf? ]ql} ESifh ]yl} rwlaMumif;)udk 4if;aumfMuufa&m&may:odkU
avmif;xnfhyg/
a&aEG;udk wpfzufuavmif;NyD;? wpfzufu aumfMuufa&m&mudk arTay;yg/
4/ xdktcg MuufOñSDeHU uif;aom..... MuufOygonf[kyif tjcm;oltm; ajymqdkygu ,HkMunfEdkif&ef
cJ,Of;aom (MuufOzwfrsm;ESifh MuufO&eHU vHk;0 aysmufoGm;onfudkqdkvdkonf/) Muufaumf udk
&ygrnf/
5/ oifaomufMunfhyg/ &dk;&dk; aumfzD wpfcGufxuf t&om ydkrxl;yg/
6/ txl;owdjyK&ef
1) wpfygwfvQif ESpfcGufxufydkraomuf&/
2) usm;? r ra&G;? tcsdefra&G; aomufoHk;Edkifonf/
3) tusKd;xl;cHpm; &vQif wdk;wdk;wdwfwdwf aeyg/
7/ &&SdEdkifaom tusKd;aus;Zl;rsm;
1) pm;0iftdyfaysmf ap\/
2) bmtaMumif;aMumifh ukefukef .. ukefoGm;aom tm;rsm; jznfhwif;ay;Edkif\/
8/ wm;jrpfcsuf
1) vlysKd? tysKdrsm; aomufoHk;jcif;rS txl;wm;jrpfonf/

vljzL/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 174

177) jrdwfuwfaBu;udkufaBumf (2) - remembrance

(&wmav;awG? &dSwmav;awGeJYNzpfovdkav; vufwnfYprf;&wmrkdY


jrdwfuwfaBu;udkufqdkwm emrnfyJusefygw,f/ enf;uawmY wvGJNzpfaerSmyJ/)

t&ifqkH;taeeJY NyKwfNyD;a&ppfNyD;om; acgufqGJzwftNym;udk yJiefNym&nf? qm;? oBum;enf;enf;av;


(tcsdKrIefYtpm;xkd;)eJY e,fxm;ygw,f/

yJyifayguf? rkefvmOeD? a*:zDxkyfwkdYudk vSD;NzwfoefYpifxm;ygw,f/

',ftkd;cyfNym;Nym;xJudk qDxnfhjyD; BuufOaBumfygw,f/ qDt&rf;ylvmrS aocsmarTxm;wJh


MuufOudkavmif;xnfYwmyg/ NyD;wmeJY cyfNrefNrefq,fvdkufw,f/ t&rf;yGvmwJYtxdrxm;awmYbl;/
qDt&rf;rsm;rSmpkd;vdkYyg/ qDpm;wmavQmhaew,fav/

"g;Nym;&dkufxm;wJh BuufoGefNzL&,f? bavmufwkH;vSD;xm;wJh BuufoGefeDenf;enf;&,fukd


qDowfygw,f/ (&efukefrSmqdk i½kwfoD;ta&mifwifrIefYav;yg xnfYayr,fY tdrfuvl rBudKufwmrkdY
rxnfhawmhbl;/)

arT;vmNyDqdk&if udk,fBudKufoavmuftae wkH;xm;? Nzwfxm;? qm;e,fxm;wJh ykpGef? uif;rGef?


*kH;wkdYudkxnfhaBumfygw,f/ rD;udk tawmfNyif;Nyif;taetxm;eJYaygh/ yJiefNym&nf(yJqD)yga&marTygw,f/
NyD;awmh acgufqGJzwfawGudkxnfYhjyD;arTygw,f/ &Svum&nfudk xnfhygw,f/
tcsOfBudKufvdkY rsm;rsm;xnfhygw,f/ csOfrSykdpm;aumif;w,fxifwmyJ/
cPav;tkyfxm;ygw,f/ NyD;&if toD;t&GufawG&,f/ q,fxm;wJh BuufOaBumfav;awGudk n§yfNyD;
xyfarTygw,f/ rkefvmOeDav;awGEl;vm&if csvkdufygw,f/

NyD;ygNyD/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 175

178) a*G;awmuf&Guf[if;csdK -qGdwD


Originally Posted by neonaing
t[D;;;;;;;;; þ t&mtm;rnfodkYrnfyHk [if;&nfcsuf&ygtHh? tonf;toefESifh tvQiftjref awmif;qdk
tyfygonf/ ath.... (acG;awmuf[if;csdK) ,rumvkvif tm;vHk;udk,fpm; awmif;qdkvdkufygonf/

udkeD,dk
Muuf&dk;0,fxm;wmtdrfrSm&Sd&if Muuf&dk;av;udk qm;iefNym&nfav;xnfe,f ... tdk;xJxnfU ... csif;
udkyg;yg;av;2ckavmufvSD;xnfU ... pyg;vifwpfacsmif;xk&dkufxnfU ... MuufoGefNzLudk tcGHrcGmyJ
wpf0ufavmuf(4-5Oavmuf) udk 'Dwdkif;ypfxnfh? NyD; &if a&vdkoavmufxnfhNyD; rD;zdkay:wnfxm;
...Muuf&dk;utcsdK&nfxGufNyD;csdKvmwJUtxd em&D0uf-45 rdepfavmuf rD;at;at;eJUwnf ...
a*G;awmuf&GufudkawmU cscgeD;rS t&Gufuav;awG acRxnfh ... i½kwfaumif; axmif;xm;wmav;
enf;enf;xnfU ... pm;vdkU&ygNyD ... a*G;awmuf&Gufu enf;enf;cg;oufoufav;aemf ...
rqGdwDuawmU tJ'D cg;oufouft&omav;udk MudKufaewmyg ...
(ydkcsdKcsif&if MuufoGefeDO tao;av;awG 3-4 Oavmuf pwnfuwnf;uxnfhaygh ...)
Muufom;r&Sd&if ykZGefaNcmuf ... ig;usnf;usyfwdkufaNcmufeJUcsufvnf; csdKygw,f ...

Comment by DD85: ath........a&aEG;udk[if;csdKESpfcGufpmavmufwnf........wnf&if MuufoGefjzL tjrTm


5 ckavmuf "g;jym;½kduf tcGHoifNyD;xnfh ..... ath....aemufNyD; ykZGefajcmuf vufzuf&nfZGef;
wpfZGef;xnfh ......NyD;qm;vufzuf&nfZGef; w0ufavmufxnfh .....tcsdKrIefUvufzuf&nfZGef;
wpf0ufavmufxnfhwnf.............tJh'Dqm;eJUtcsdKrIefU rxnfhcsif&if caemf Buufom;[if;csdKrIefU
vufzuf&nfZGef; wpfZGef;avmufxnfhaygh..........a&aEG;ql&if acG;awmuf&Gufav;awG ajcGjyD;a&aq;
cyfvdkuf ........... ath ........ce qdktayghtief jrnfBunfhNyD; qm; tcsdKrIefUvdk&if
enf;enf;xyfxnfh........enf;enf; enf;enf;xnfharTNyD;jrnf;aemf ..........
rvdk&ifrxnfheJU........aomufvdkU&NyD.........aoawm hraoEkdifygbl;........ath........emhudkvnf;enf;enf;
wdkufaemf........ath awmif;wm ........ a*G;awmuf[if;csdK[kwfbl;av;.....eifuvnf; ...ath.........

Comment by u&iftkef;(acG;awmufawmif) : MuufacG;awmufav; vkyfvnf; aumif;wmyJ/


ykpGefajcmuf tpm; vnfacsmif;&dk;av; awmifyH&dk;av; cwfvdkUav/ csufwmuawmh tay:rSm
'D'DajymwJhtwdkif;/
[if;csdK [if;cg; csdKcsif&if tom;rcwfeJUAs/ t&dk;cwf/ t&dk;jrnfhatmif jyKwfav tonf;xdatmif
csdKavyJ/ ta&cGHawmh rxnfhcsif rxnfheJU/ tqDrsm;wJh Muufqdk ta&cGHxnfh jyKwf&if [if;csdK&nf
rMunfawmhbl;/ aemufawmufawmuf jzpfoGm;wwfw,f/ t&ufcsdK;usolrsm; aomufzdkUqdk&ifawmh
i½kwfaumif;av; ylpyfylavmif cyf&&if raumif;aybl;vm;/
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 176

179) csOfiHpyf[if;csdK - abmhusef


MuufacG;awmufcsufovkdyJ/ acG;awmufrxnfhyJ csOfiefpyf[if;csdKvnf; tjrnf;vkyfaomuf&if
odyfaumif;ygw,f/ tJ'D Muuf½kd;jyKwf&nfxJukd pm;cgeD;av;rSm a½SmufoD; wpfpdwf (okdU)
oHyk&moD;BuD;BuD;wpfvHk;n§pfvkduf? i½kwfoD;tusufrIefU ZGef;wpf0ufavmufaumfxnfhvkduf?
i½kwfoD;pdrf;yg;yg;vSD;? (10) awmifh (15) awmifhavmufxnhfvkduf/ iefjym&nf (2)
acgufavmufayguf/

csOfiefpyf ½S,fyJ/

Comment by udk&iftkef;
aumif;vdkufw,f udkBuD;usefa&.. oHyk&moD; tcGH trdIufawmif;xJ rxnfhvdkufeJUOD;AsdKU/ EkyfEkyfygatmif
vDS;NyD; ig;ydav; MuufoGefeDav;eJU okyf&atmif? i½kwfpdrf;av;yg yg;yg; yg;yg; vSD;xnfhvdkufrSawmh
pyf&dSef;&dSef;eJU jrnf;vdkU aumif;csufudk;/ [if;tdk; zdkay:u rusao;cif rl;bJawG taomufrjywfatmif
&I;&SJ qdkwJhuacsmufucsuf av;eJU ckAsdKU/ - rl;bJBuD;armiftkef;

%%%%%%%%

180) &Sd&SJaMumf - vljzL

tck ajymjyrSm u vljzL \ udk,fydkif wDxGifxm;aom [if;wpfrsKd;yg/

1) w½kyfeHeH vufESpfqkyft&G,f t½dk;BuD;BuD; ESpfpnf;/


(wpffvufr t&G,fcefUjzwfawmufxm;yg/)
2) 0ufom; (tom;) 10 usyfom;/
vufoef;wpfqpfcefU wHk; NyD;? oHy&moD; wpfvHk; t&nfESifh e,fNyD; 15 rdepfcefU ESyfxm;yg/
[if;cwfrIefU? qm; xnfhe,fyg/
3) qDyg;yg; ',ftdk;wnf yg/ qDusufaomf 0ufom;udk xnfhyg/ 0ufom;rSm tcsOfaMumifh usufNyD;
jzpfí MumMumaMumf&efrvdk/ 0ufom;rS t&nfxGufvmaomf w½kwfeHeHxnfh aMumfyg/
tjcm;rnfonfh t&mrS xnfhraMumfygESifh/

csOfcsOfav;jzifh teHUoif;aom [if;wpfcGuf&ygrnf/ t&ufjzifh jrnf;aomf tvGefaumif;\/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 177

181) MuufOcsOf&nf[if; - [efeDcsdK

tdrfrSmcsufwkef;uawmh bJOcsOf&nfaygh...
MuufOjYyKwf.. tcGHETm.. xufjcrf;jcrf;..
tmvl;tcGHoif.. pdwfxm;...
½kH;ywDoD; 2 ykdif; ykdif;... refusnf;oD;a&pdrfxm;
MuufoGef jzL eD... i½kwfoD;ta&mifwifrIefU.. ykZGefajcmufukda&maxmif;...
qDtkd; ylvm&if.. axmif;xm;wmawGa&mqDowf...
c&rf;csOfoD; vSD;xnfU..
EGrf;vm&if tmvl;xnfU..
cPae&if ½kH;ywDoD;xnfU.. c&rf;oD;xnfh..
tcsKdrIefU.. iefjym&nf vkdoavmufxnfh..
MuufOxnfh.. (rjyKwfbJ tvkH;vkdufazmufcsuf csuf.. jyKwfyD;om;ukdjyefaMumf aMumf)
rqvmxnfh.. refusnf;&nf usJusJxnfh..
qlvm&if tayghtiefjrnf; jyD; eHeHyiftkyfvkduf½kHygyJ...

arhoGm;vkdU... t&nfqrf;pm;vkdU&atmif MuufOrxnfhcif a&enf;enf;xnfhyg...

%%%%%%%%

182) ydEéJoD;[if; - [efeDcsdK

Originally Posted by remembrance


r[efeDcsdKa& ydEéJoD;[if;b,fvdkcsuf&vJaNymNyay;ygvm;[if/

ydEéJoD;[if;u c&rf;oD;ESyfcsuf&wmeJU twlwlygyJ...


&efukefrSmwkef;u aps;xJrSmydEéJoD; vwfvwfqwfqwfjyKwfyD;om;&w,fav..
'DrSmawmh bl;oGwfyD;om;0,fvkduf½kHygyJ...
ydEéJoD;ukdao;ao;av;awGvSD;xm;&ygr,f...
qD eJU ykZGefajcmufrsm;rsm;vkdygr,f...
xkH;pHtwkdif;... i½kwfoD; MuufoGefjzL eD a&maxmif;yD; ykZGefajcmufukdMudwfxm;yg....
qDtkd;qlvm&if axmif;xm;wmawGqDowf... ykZGefajcmufxnfYyg...
teHUarT;vm&if ydEéJoD;xnfUyg....
cPae&if a&xnfUyD;tkyfxm;yg...
a& (2) cgavmufxnfh&ygw,f...
tcsKdrIefU iefjym&nfxnfhyg...
qDjyefvm&if rqvmxnfharTyg....

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 178

183) prlpmaMumf
maMumfenf; -qGdwD
vdktyfonfh ypönf;rsm;

1/ tmvl;t&G,fvwfvwf 4vHk;avmufudkNyKwfNyD; tcGHETm xm;yg?


2/ ukvm;rqvm (gram masala) ? ukvm;av; rqvmqdkvnf;&ygw,f?(2xkwfavmuf)
3/ MuufoGefeD OMuD; wpfO?udk vufonf;cHGavmuf twHk;av;awG&atmifvSD;NyD; cGgxm;yg?
4/ ylwDemudk4-5cufudk yg;yg;av;awGvSD; ? ysOf;awmfodrf&Guf 3-4cufudk acRxm;yg?
5/ csif; yg;yg;vSD;xm;wm (2) ck axmif;xm;yg/
6/ MuufoGefNzL (2) jrTmavmuf axmif;xm;yg/
&/ i½kwfoD;ta&mifwifrIefU vufzuf&nfwpfZGef;?
8/ eEGif;rIefU ta&mifvSatmif vuf (2) qdwfpmavmuf ? (2 pinch)
9/ qm;? tcsdKrIefU oifhoavmuf?
10/ qD
11/ prlpm&Guf odkU spring roll wrapper - aumfNyefYaMumfvdyfwJU t&Guf(super market awGrSm
0,fvdkU&ygw,f)? t0dkif;yHkxuf av;axmifhudk a&G;0,fyg/
12/ aumfrIefUenf;enf;udk a&yspfyspf azsmfxm;yg/ (prlpmacgufwJh tcg aemufqHk;tydkif;udk
ruGmatmif aumfuyfovdk uyfzdkU&mNzpfygw,f? r[kwf&if aMumfaewHk; prlpmtay:zwfuGmNyD;
txJutpmawG tNyifxGufukefyghr,f)

NyKvkyfyHktqifhqifh

1/ txufygypönf; trSwfpOf (1) rS (9) txdukd ZvHkwpfckxJxnfhí tmvl;aMuonftxd


a&marTNyD; e,fay;yg? t&omNrnf;MunfhívdkaevQif xyfxnfYyg/ (tay:u twdkif;twmrsm;rSm
rSef;a&;xm;Ncif;omNzpfí udk,fU[mudk,fNrnf; vdkwdk;ydkavQmhyg)
2/ Spring roll wrapper udk atmufyHkrSmNyxm;wJU twdkif;twmtwdkif;&atmifNzwfí
tm;vl;e,fxm;aomtpmxnfhum acgufyg/ aemufqHk;tydkif;racgufrD aumfokwfzdkU rarhygESifh/
prlpmtm;vHk;udk NyD;atmift&ifacgufxm;NyD;rSaMumfyg? aemufrdkYqdk prlpmacguf&if;aMumf&if
wl;oGm;wwfvdkUyg
3/ rD;taeawmfwGif ',ftdk;wnfí prlpmNrKyfonftxd qDxnfhyg/
4/ qDusufvsif acgufxm;aom prlpmrsm;udk pDxnfhNyD;aMumfyg? tay:atmufvSefay;NyD;
tndKa&mifoef;vm&if q,fvdkU&ygNyD/
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 179

prlpmokyfpm;csif&if

prlpm&,f MuufoGefeDqDcsufxm;wm&,f? ylwDem&Guf&,f? MuufoGefeD tuGif;vdkufvSD;xm;wm&,f?


a*:zDyg;yg;vSD;xm;wm&,f? i½kwfoD;pdrf;yg;yg;vSD;xm;wm&,f ... oHyk&m&nf refusnf;&nfn§pfNyD;
tcsdKrSkefY qm;xnfhrqvmxnfh e,fNyD;okyf&if oufoufvGwf[if;wpfcGuf&ygw,f/
qdkifawGrSmpm;wJh ukvm;prlpmokyfqdk yJpdrf;rIefUav;udk qm;? rqvm? eEGif;rIefUxnfhNyD; a&eJUusdK
xm;wm&,f? ukvm;yJtcGHrcRwf&ao;wm (uGsJacgif;yJ ac:vm;yJ ... chick pea)
wpfna&pdrfNyD;NyKwfxm;wm&,f? tmvl;tvHk;ao;ao;av;awGNyKwfxm;wma&mxnfhNyD; okyfaya&mU?
&Il;&SJav;Nzpfatmif i½kwfoD;ta&mifwifrIefUav;ygxnfUygtHk;? tay:u ylwDem&Guf ?
ysOf;awmfodrf&Gufuav; NzL;xnfY&if ukvm;rqvmokyf arT;arT;pyfpyfav;&ygNyD/ a&aEG;Murf;av;eJU
Nrnf;aya&mY?

uGsJacgif;yJqdkwm/
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 180

Asked by ladycupid :
rqGda&
qrlqmudkacgufenf;od&ifvkyfygOD;? av'Dacgufwm tqifrajybl;? aemufqHk; aumfjyefYvdk vdyfjyD;
aMumfpm;vdkufw,f? aus;Zl;aemf -av'D
Comment by KoShweYoeGyi :
rav'D ... uRefawmfhrSm [if;csufpmtkyfxJu acgufenf;awmh &Sdw,f/ tJ'g jyefa&;ay;vdkufw,faemf/
rkefYnufom;udk &SpfckpmykHyg/ *sHKtrIefYjzL;jyD; rkefYnufudk 0dkif;ao;ao; vkyfyg/ xdkYaemuf xufjcrf;
jzwfyg/ uawmhykHacgufyg/ uawmhtem;ESpfckudk a&okwfuyfvdkufvQif cGufykHpHjzpfoGm;ygrnf/ wJh/
Comment by sweetee :
rav'Da&
t&ifuydkYpfrSmygwJh acgufenf;u tqifraNywmvm; ... tJ'gqdk atmufuacgufenf;a&m/ olu
t0dkif;udk acgufwm/ rqGdwD&JUtawGYtMuHKt& prlpm&Gu[ f m qDyleJUxd&if awmifhoGm;wmaMumifU
acgufNyD; qDxJtomxnfhNyD;&if awmifhwJhtxdZGef;av;eJU tomzday;xm;yg .... awmifYoGm;awmU
acgufwmvHk;0raNyawmhygbl; ... tpmawGvnf; tNyifudkrxGufawmUbl;aygU ...
atmufrSmacgufenf; (2) ckNyxm;ygw,f ... tay:rSmvnf;t0ga&mifeJYyHkwpfyHk&Sdygw,f ...
tJ'guawmacguf&wmtqifaNyqHk;yg/ ppacgufcsif;awmh ruRrf;usifao;vdkU odyfrvSyg/ aemufus&if
vSvmrSmyg rav'D/ wpfNcm;acgufenf;av;awG try MunfUygtHk;/ tm;ay;wm aus;Zl;yg/ -qGdwD
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 181

184) &Srf;acgufqJG (4)


(4) - qGdwD

&Srf;acgufqJGcsufenf;u pwdkiftrsdK;rsdK;&Sdygw,f ... 'Denf;u rEÅav;u wpfcsdKUqdkifawGrSm


a&mif;ygw,f ... vm;½dI;pwdkifvdkUqdkygw,f ... csuf&wmt&rf;vG,fNyD; t&omvnf;&Sdygw,f ...
rqGdwDawmif 'DpwdkifudkydkMudKufvdkU ckaemufydkif; csuf&if'Denf;yJcsufygw,f ...

Muufom;udkvufravmuftwHk;av;awG (t½dk;tom;a&m&ufyg ... 'grS[if;uydkcsdKygw,f) wHk;NyD;


qm;? yJiefNym&nftMunf&nf? taemuf&nf? oMum;? w½kwfrqvm ? tcsdKrIefYESifhe,fí
em&D0ufcefUESyfxm;yg/

MuufoGefeD tvHk;MuD;MuD; awGudk yg;yg;vSD;NyD; qDtdk;wnfNyD; MuGyfaeatmifaMumfyg/ MuGyfNyDqdk


Muufom; e,fxm;wm&,f? emewfyGifh enf;enf;cwfNyD; arT;aeatmifqDowfyg?
Muufom;tay:ta&cGHwif;NyD;arT;vmNyDqdk a&Muufom;NrKyf½HkxnfhNyD; rD;rSsif;rSsif;ESifh ESyfxm;yg/
i½kwfoD;aNcmufudk blender eJU rnufwnufMudwfNyD; qDygav&mESifhaMumfyg/

&Srf;csOf? eHeH? MuufoGefNrdwfwdkUudk yg;yg;vSD;xm;yg/

Muuf½dk;eJU [if;csdKcsufí (2) tdk;cJGxm;yg/ wpftdk;u [if;csdKaomufzdkU ... wpftdk;u


&Srf;acgufqJGazsmzdkUyg/

&Srf;acgufqJGudk a&wpfem&DcefY pdrfxm;yg/

yJGNyif&ef

&Srf;acgufqJGudk Muuf½dk;NyKwf&nfxJESpfí yef;uefvHk;yufyufxJxnfUyg/


tay:rS Muufom;[if;? i½kwfoD;aMumf? &Srf;csOf ? eHeHtpHkxnfh taygh? tief?
tcsdKNrnf;ípdwfMudKufNyif pm;vdkU&ygNyD/

w½kwfrqvmqdkonfrSm 5 spices qdkNyD; ar;0,fvQif ukefpHkqdkif awmfawmfrsm;rsm;rSm


0,fvdkU&ygw,f/ Cook & Torch Brand udk NTUC vdk Super Market awGrSm &Edkifygw,f/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 182

185) qDcsufacgufqJG tvG,fcsufenf; - qGdwD

1) Muuf&iftkyfom; wpfck t&dk;wJG&ufyg0,fyg/


2) Muuf&iftkyfom;udk twHk;4-5wHk; avmufwHk;í yJiefNym&nftMunf? qm;? oMum;ESifUe,fí
tdk;xJa&NrKwf&HkxnfhNyKwfyg/ MuufoGefNzL tcGHrETmyJ wpfydkif;avmuf (4-5jrTm)? csif; yg;yg; 3-4
ckavmufxnfhyg/
3) (15) rdepfavmuf NyKwfvdkU Muufom;El;avmufcsdefus&if Koka acgufqJGaNcmuf twGefUav;awGudk
xnfhkjyKwfyg/ acgufqJGEl;&if q,fí yef;uefxJ yJGNyif&efxnfhyg/ Muufom;NyKwfxm;wmawGudk
yg;yg;vSD;í xnfhyg/ MuufoGefNzLqDcsuf? i½kwfaumif;rIefU? MuufoGefNrdwf? yJiefNym&nf
tMunf&nf xnfhí pm;EdlifygNyD/ Sinsin extra hot i½kwfqDESifYwJGpm;vQif &efukefrSma&mif;aom
qDcsufacgufqJGtwdkif; wpfyHkpHwnf;yg/

%%%%%%%%

186) emewfoD; xrif;aMumf - qGdwD

,dk;',m;pwdkif xrif;aMumfyg ... eEGif;a&T0ga&mifav;eJU ... wpfcgw&H pm;aumif;ygw,f ...

(3) a,mufpmtwGuf vdktyfwJYypönf;rsm;

1/ xrif;a&avQmhxnfUNyD; cyfrmrmav; (3) cGu f(rice cooker rSmygonfh aumfcGuf)


avmufwnfNyD; tat;cHxm;yg / at;vsifcJaewmudk aNcxm;yg/
2/ Muufom; taMu (odkU) ao;ao;vSD;xm;wm (100) *&rfavmuf udk iefNym&nfenf;enf;xnfUNyD;
e,fxm;yg/
3/ ykZGefMuD;MuD; (6) aumif (7) aumifavmufudk tcGHcGmNyD; xyfNcrf;Ncrf; qm;? iefNym&nf?
eEGif;teJi,fxnfhe,fNyD; (15) rdepfavmufxm;yg/
4/ yef;i½kwfcsdK tpdrf;a&mif tyGawmifhcyfvwfvwf wpfawmifhudk vufonf;cGHavmuf
ao;ao;av;awG vSD;Nzwfxm;yg/
5/ MuufoGefeD t0ga&mif t&G,fvwf wpfvHk;cefUudk vnf; vufonf;cGHavmuf ao;ao;av;awG
vSD;Nzwfxm;yg/
6/ rHkvmOeDudkvnf; ao;ao;av;awG vSD;xm;yg/
&/ MuufoGefNrdwf udkvnf; &dyf&dyfav;awG vSD;xm;yg/
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 183

8/ emewfoD;udk awmU tcsdKpdrfNyD;om; tin bl;azmufNyD; vufr0ufavmuftwHk;av;awG vSD;xm;yg/


9/ MuufO (2) vHk;cefU eEGif;? qm; xnfUí acgufxm;yg/
10/ eEGif;rIefU vufzuf&nfZGef; wpfpdwfcefU /
11/ iefNym&nf? tcsdKrIefY? qm; oifUovdk/
12/ oMum; pm;yJGZGef; (2) ZGef;cefY/
13/ ukvm;rqvm teHUarT;&Hk enf;enf;? i½kwfaumif; tNzL tenf;i,f/
14/ qD pm;yJGZGef; (8) ZGef;cefU/

aMumfyHkaMumfenf;

1/ rD;Nyif;Nyif;ay:wGif non- stick ',ftdk;0dkif; MuD;xJ qDxnfhí qDusuf&if eEGif;rIefYav;ypfxnfY


MuufoGefNzL? eDxnfUNyD; arTay;yg/
2/ (10) puúefYavmufMumvdkU MuufoGefNzL a&T0ga&mifoef;vmvsif Muufom;? ykZGefxnfU ?
a&aNcmufNyD; wif;vmwJUtxd arTaMumfay;yg/
3/ i½kwfcsdKoD;ESifY rHkvmOeDudkxnfUí xyfarTyg/ arTaepOf iefNym&nfoMum; wpf0ufavmufxnfUyg/
4/ aMumfxm;wmawGudk ab;wpf0dkufydkUí tv,fqDpkaeaomae&mudk MuufOacgufNyD;om;xnfhaMumf
arTay;yg/
5/ MuufOusufvQif xrif;aNcxm;wmxnfU ? oMum;? iefNym&nf? tcsdKrIefY ? i½kwfaumif;?
rqvmxnfh ? emewfoD;xnfh í 4-5rdepfavmuf tomarTaMumfay;yg/ xrif;rsm;
odyfraMuatmif *½kpdkufarTyg/ taygh? tief? tcsdKNrnf;í pdwfMudKufNyifyg/
6/ xrif;rsm; qDa&mifxGufíarT;vmvsif MuufoGefNrdwf xnfYí tomarTNyD; csEdkifygNyD/
ydkaumif;csif&if tay:u pork floss (0ufom;trQifaNcmuftcsdKav;awG) ?
oD[dkVfaphaMumfxm;wmav;awG NzL;NyD;pm;yg/

txl;owdNyK&ef ... non-stick ',ftdk; (odkU) qD0í ruyfaom ',ftdk;udkom oHk;yg/


xrif;u tvGefuyfwwfaom trsdK;Nzpfí uyfwwfaom',ftdk;ESifhaMumfu &Gmvnfygrnf/
xrif;uvnf;rm&ygrnf/ (xnfhaeusxuf a&wpfcGufavQmhxnfhyg) qDenf;&ifvnf; xrif;aMumfvdkU
raumif;yg/

Pieapple fried rice version trsdK;rsdK;&JU


yHkawGyg ... qdkifawGrSmawmY wpfcsdKUyHkawGxJuvdk
emewfoD;tcGHav;xJ xnfYNyD;Nyifay;wmyg/

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 184

187) yJ[if;&nfeJUokyfwJh Muufom;ok


m;okyf - Mya

vdktyfaomypönf;rsm;
1) Muufwpfaumif (odkU) MudKufESpfouf&m tpdwftydkif; (aygif^awmifyH^toJtjrpf ponf... )
2) ukvm;yJrIefUtpdrf; (a&wpfvDwmtwGuf xrif;pm;ZGef; ESpfZGef;r&Sdw&Sd/ rdrdESpfoufovdk
twdk;tavQmh jyKvkyfedkifygonf/)
3) MuufoGefeD cyfvwfvwfoHk;vHk;? MuufoGefjzL oHk;jrTmcefU
4) rqvm?
5) a*:zD? ylwDem? i½kwfoD;pdrf;

csufenf;
1) OD;pGm ukvm;yJtpdrf;rIefUudk a&jzifh azsmfxm;yg/ yJrIefUrsm;tenfxdkifjyD;
tay:&nfMunfwufvmonfxd xm;&ygrnf/
2) tom;rsm;tm;a&pifpifaq;jyD; ESpfoufovdkwHk;í qm;? iefjym&nf? eEGif; tcsKdrIefU oifh½kHe,fyg/
3) jyD; ESpfouf&mtdk;wGifa&jrKyfatmif xnfhíwnfyg/
4) a&rcef;wcef;&SdvQif tdk;wpf0ufcefUa&xyfxnfhjyD; tom;el;onfxd wnfyg/
5) tom;el;avmufvQif tom;rsm;udk q,fí yef;uefwpfckwGif xnfhxm;yg/
6) tdk;xJwGifusef&Sdaom t½kd;jyKwf&nfxJodkU a&aEG;xyfxnfhí qufwnfyg/
7) taygh? tief ESpfoufovdk jyifyg/
(t½kd;jyKwf&nfvkyf&mwGif soup jyKvkyf&efa&mif;aom Muuf½kd;rsm;xnfhjyKwfygu ydkaumif;ygonf/)
8) MuufoGefeD wpfvHk;? MuufoGefjzLoHk;jrTmudk nufatmifaxmif;jyD; qDenf;enf;ESifhowfyg/
MuufoGefjzL?eD arT;jyD; &JvmcsdefwGif rqvmudk [if;pm;ZGef;wpfZGef;cefUxnfhyg/ arT;vmvQif
tm;vHk;udk t½kd;jyKwf&nfxJ xnfhyg/
9) t½kd;jyKwf&nf yGufyGufqlcsdefwGif a&azsmfxm;aomyJrIefUrS tay:&nfMunfudkxnfhyg/
(owdjyK&efrSm t½kd;jyKwf&nfonf tay:&nfMunfxnfhonfhtcsdefwGif yGufyGufqlae&ygrnf/)
10) tay:&nfMunfxnfhjyD;vQif qlonfxd xyfapmifhyg/ yGufyGufqlvmvQif (atmufwGifusefcJhaom)
yJrIefUtESpfudk wjznf;jznf;avmif;xnfhyg/ avmif;xnfhaepOfwGif wpfzufrScyfjznf;jznf;
arTay;yg/ jyD;vQif yJrIefUtpdrf;eHUaysmufonfxd rD;at;at;jzifhwnfyg/ owdxm;í
rMumcParTay;&ef vkdygonf/ odkUr[kwfygu uyfwwfygonf/

yGJjyifvQif
1) [if;csKdaomufyef;uefrsKd;xJwGif Muufom;? yg;yg;vSD;xm;aoma*:zD? MuufoGefeD? ylwDem?
i½kwfoD;pdrf;(MudKufygu) ay:wGif rqvmjzL;yg?
2) jyD;vQif [if;&nfESpfoufoavmufxnfh? tcsOfMudKufwwfygu oHyk&m&nfn§pfí pm;yg/ ayghvQif
iefjym&nfxnfhyg/ tpyfMudKufwwfygu i½kwfoD;tausmfrIefUxnfhpm;u arT;ygonf/
(rSwfcsuf/ / Muuftaumifudkav;jcrf;rQom jcrf;jyD; pm;umeD;rS qdkifrSmuJhodkU ckwfay;vQif
qdkifwGifpm;&onfESifh ydkwlygonf/ tkef;EdkYxnfhvdkvQif [if;&nfcsumeD;wGif xnfhedkifygonf/)

wdkU[l;aEG;vkyfvdkvQif Muuf (odkU) 0uf½kd;jyKwf&nfwGif yJrIefUtcsKd;tqtenf;i,fydkxnfhí


txufygenf;twdkif;MudKekdifygonf? MuufoGefjzL?eD rqvmqDowfwdkUudkrxnfh&yg/ i½kwfaumif;
ESifh eEGif;tenf;i,fxnfhyg/
%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 185

188) axmywfxrif;? oD;pHkxrif;csufenf; eJY


Muufom;'defcsOfcsufenf; - ysdKysdKar
rarol pm;csifwJh axmywfxrif;? oD;pHkxrif;csufenf; eJY Muufom;'defcsOf csufenf;yg/ rarol
a& .. axmywfxrif;wdkY 'efaygufxrif;wdkY csufr,fqdk&if ... &dk;&dk; *sufprif;&dkufpf eJY csufvdkY
raumif;ygbl;/ ukvm;qef eJY csufrS aumif;ygw,f/ bpfrmwD&dkufpfvdkY ac:ygw,f (Bismati
rice)/ qefudk a&aq;NyD; (zGzGav; aq;yg/ t&rf;yGwfraq;ygeJY qefusdK;oGm;&if
xrif;rvSawmhygbl;/) em&D0ufcefY a&pdrfxm;vdkufyg/ qefudk a&pdrfxm;wkef; vdkwmav;awG
vkyfvdkufMu&atmif/
axmywf (*D; gee ) udk ZGef;BuD; (2) ZGef; cyfNyD; ',ftdk;oefY wpfvHk;xJ xnfhNyD;
rD;zdkay:wifvdkufyg/ axmywfawG t&nfaysmfNyD; a&Ta&mifav;orf;vm&if ... u&a0;&Guf 4-5 &GufcefY
eJY opf*sydk;acguf 3-4 acgufavmufudk xnfhvdkufNyD; qDowfvdkufyg/ NyD;&if rD;ydwfvdkufyg/
xrif;csufr,fh &dkufpfuGwfumxJudk ckeu a&pdrfxm;wJh qef? qDowfxm;wJh axmywfeJY
u&a0; opf*sydk;acgufawG xnfh? qm; ? tcsdKrIefY enf;enf;? oMum;? MuufoGefeDOBuD; 2 O
avmufudk rxlryg;vSD; xnfhyg/ NyD;&if pyspfoD;ajcmuf? oD[dkaphavSmf xnfhyg/ ( oD;pHk
csufcsif&ifawmh rkefvmOeD? yJpdrf; xnhfhyg/(vSD;NyD;om; txkyfuav;awG 0,fvdkY&ygw,f)/ NyD;&if
a&udk qefay:vufwpfqpfcefYwdkif;NyD; xnfhyg/ NyD;&if cvkwfESdyfxm;vdkufawmh rarola& ...
uJ.... xrif;csufxm;wkef; Muufom;[if;av;csuf vdkufMu&atmif/ Muufom;udk twHk;
cyfBuD;BuD;av;awGwHk; ... a&aq;NyD; qm;? eEGif;? tcsdLrIefY? [if;csuf i½kwfoD;rIefY? rmqvm
ZGef;ao;ao;wpfZGef;? 'defcsOf aumfzDcGufwpfcGufpmavmuf xnfhe,fNyD; ESyfxm;vdkufyg/ Muufom;
ESyfxm;wkef; MuufoGefeDawGudk yg;yg;vSD; vdkufyg/ NyD;&if axmywfwpfZGef;eJY qD wpfZGef; a&m um
aMumfvdkufyg/ a&TndKa&miforf;vm&if q,fxm;vdkufyg/ MuufoGefaMumfudk tqifoifh oHk;&ifvnf;
&ygw,f/ MuufoGefaMumfNyD;om; qDxJudk u&a0;&Guf 3-4 &GufeJY opf*sydk; 2acgufavmufxnfh
qDowfvdkufyg/ NyD;wmeJY e,fESyfxm;wJh Muufom;awGudkxnfhvdkufyg/ vHk;vdkufyg/ tom;usufvm&if
.. aMumfxm;wJh MuufoGefaMumfawGudk jyefxnfhum a&tenf;i,fxnfhNyD; Muufom;El;NyD;
qDjyefvmatmif csufvdkufyg/ qDjyefudk vdkcsifwJh taetxm;&&if csvdkY&ygNyD/
rarola& ... wGJzufpm;zdkYuawmh o&ufcsOfokyfav; (odkY) rkefvmO ydk;wDcsOfokyfav; eJY
bmvacsmifaMumf ... uifyGef;csOf&Guf [if;csdK (odkY) csOfaygif&Guf [if;csdK jzpfygw,f/
rkefvmOydk;wDcsOfav;vkyfzdkY ... rkefvmOjzLav;awGudk tcGHcGmjcpf a&aocsm aq;NyD;
ydk;wDvSD;ovdk wapmif;av; b,fnm vSD;vdkufyg/ rkefvmO tao;0,fr&&ifawmh OBuD;awGudkyJ
tacsmif;av;awG jzpfatmifvSD;vdkufyg/ NyD;&if qm;? tcsdKrIefY eJY e,fNyD; &Smvum&nf
pdrfxm;vdkufyg/ (1) em&Davmufpdrfxm;NyD;&if .. rkefvmOawGudk aocsm t&nfpifatmifn§pfvdkufyg/
NyD;rS vdkoavmuf tcsdKrIefYenf;enf;? qm;av;enf;enf; eJY ESrf;avSmf qDcsufzwf (qDrygap&yg)?
MuufoGefpdrf;enf;enf; eJY a&me,fvdkufyg/ tcsOfvdk&if oHyk&moD;av; enf;enf;xnfhyg/ arT;NyD;
tvGeft&om &SdwJh rkefvmO ydk;wDcsOfokyfav;aygh rarol ...
za,mif;wpfa,mufawmh rD;zdkacsmif tjyifbuf vdkufumuG,fu acsmif;em;axmifNyD; *vk
jzpfaeNyD.... ac:vdkufawmh ... pm;vdkY&NyD .. tm;vHk; tqifoifh jzpfNyDvdkY .. ...
za,mif;a& ..vm&if;eJY wpfvufpwnf; .. za,mif; acsmifcdk rDS&yfaewJh tat;cef;
aowåmxJu vdar®mf&nfykvif;av;yg qGJvmcJhyg/ raroludk ajymjy? csufjy&wm armNyD; tmacgifawG
ajcmufvmvdkY ......
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NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 186

189) Edkif;Edkif;pae\
pae\ xdk[l
[;l aEG; - andrewdeep

(http://nineninesanay.blogspot.com/2007/12/blog-post_12.html)

'DaeY tvkyftm;aevdkY bmvkyf&if aumif;rvJ.. tdrf&Sif tpfrMuD;ay;whJ ukvm;um; xdkifMunfh&rvm;..


tdyf&rvm;... 'Dtdrf&SifrMuD;uvnf; awmfawmfoabmaumif;w,f/ oltm;ae&if
rkefY[if;cg;csufauR;vdkuf? aumufn§if; aygif;auR;vdkufeJY pm;&zefrsm;awmh tm;emvmwmeJY uGsefr
tm;wJhaeYav; olYudk wpfckck vkyfauR;OD;r,fvdkY pOf;pm;rdw,f/ olu {&m0wDwdkif;
ajrmif;jruqdkawmh uGsefrwdkY&JY &Srf;pmav; vkyfauR;&if aumif;r,fvdkY pdwful;&jyD; 'DreufrSm
ukvm;yJrIefY tpdrf;udk a&eJYazsmfjyD; pdrfxm;vdkufw,f/ w½kwfqdkifrSm 0,fvdkY&wJh n§yfacgufqJG
tajcmufudkvnf; a&pdrfxm;vdkufw,f/ jyD;awmh Muufom;udk awmufawmufpif;vdkufw,f/
MuufoGefeD? c&rf;csOfoD;? i½kwfoD;rIefYawGeJY qDxnfhjyD; [dkarT 'DarTvkyfvdkufwm acgufqJGeJYpm;r,fh
tpmav;&oGm;w,f qdkygawmh/

aemuf a&pdrfxm;wJh yJrIefY&JY tay:u t&nfMunfudk t&if tdk;wpftdk;xJ xnfhjyD; rD;zdkay:wnf


arTay;vdkufw,f/ yJ&nfawG qlvmawmh tenffxdkifaewJh yJ&nfyspfyspfawGudk xyfavmif;xnfhjyD;
arTay;vdkufw,f/ cyfyspfyspf t&nfawG jzpfoGm;jyD; yvGwf... yvGwf toHeJYtwl yGufyGufql
vmygw,f/ rD;avQmhjyD; qm;enf;enf; cyfvdkufw,f/ a[m... pm;csifp&m xdk[l;aEG;MuD;
jzpfoGm;yga&mhvm;....

t&if tdrfrSm vkyfpm;&if ukvm;yJudkyJ MudwfjyD; vkyfMuwmrsm;w,f/ yJrIefYeJY wpfcgrS rvkyfzl;vdkY


jzpfyghrvm; xifaewm/ rqdk;ygbl;.. tcsdefukefoufomovdk tMudwfvnf; oufomw,f/
awmifMuD;rSm a&mif;wJh a&mif;wef;0if xdk[l;aEG;awGu ckaemufydkif; yJrIefYeJYyJ vkyfMuwmrsm;w,f/
aemuf yspfatmifqdkjyD; aumfrIefYawG a&mMuw,f/ awmifMuD;rSm xdk[l;aEG;udk tcsKdwpfrsKd;?
tiefwpfrsKd; ESpfrsKd;vkyfpm;Muw,f/ tcsKdu ckecsufwJh Muufom;tpm rxnfhbl;/
oufowfvGwfaygh/ MuHoum&nf usKdxm;wmudk xnfhw,f/ tiefuawmh Muufom;tpm xnfhw,f/
udk,fMudKuf&if MudKufovdk xnfhpm;Edkifygw,f/ Muufom;xnfhpm;&ifawmh aps;ydkMuD;wmaygh/ wpfcsKdYu
acgufqJGtpm; tDMumauG;awG xnfhpm;w,f/ acgufqJGa&m? MumauG;a&m xnfhpm;vnf;&w,f/
xkd[l;aMumfxnfhpm;vnf; &w,f/
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 187

tcku jzpfovdk vkyfw,fqdkawmh Muufom;tpmyJ xnfhvdkufw,f/ eHeHyif? MuufoGefjrdwf MudKufwm


xnfhjyD; i½kwfqD? MuufoGefqD? ajryJqHawGxnfh tcsOfuawmh rkefnif;csOfr&SdwmeJY oHy&moD;eJYyJ
auseyfvdkufw,f/ xdk[l;aEG; rpm;&wm ESpfawG MumaevdkYvm; rodbl;/ jzpfovdk vkyfpm;vdkufwJh
'Dxdkzl;aEG;u taopm;aumif;aew,f/ arG;aeYrSm qkawmif;ay;MuwJh oli,fcsif;awGtwGufeJY
'Dbavmh*fukd vmzwf½I tm;ay;olawGudk yHkav; wifauGs;vdkufygw,f/ tm;rem yg;rem
MunfhMuygvdkY.. [m;..[m;... aemufvlcsif; qHkrSyJ pyg,f&S,f csufauGs;r,faemf ;)

tckawmh xdk[l;aEG;awG pm;jyD; wif;um;aewJh AdkufeJY uGsefr ukvm;um;udk ZdrfcHMunfhaejyDav း)

'gu a&mif;wef;0if xdk[l;aEG; tcsdKaygh/ yHkydkYay;wJh tif;qm;ul;udk aus;Zl;wifw,f ;)

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NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 188

190) Roast Chicken and Bonus Gravy - KLM

Hi Brothers, here are some simple tips for those who wanna impress your girls or friends
by cooking a good meal. I know in Burma we, guys, do not cook. It's for girls. But here
in west, we have to cook and hence we can impress them in the process even with very
simple recipes! So here it is, easy, simple recipes for your party! It is Adapted from
G.Cartier. - KLM

Roast Chicken

Prep time: 45 minutes, tops


Cook time: 1 hour and 15 minutes, give or take
Yields: 4 to 6 portions
How easy is it to prepare? Very. A monkey with a hernia, one arm and a limp could turn
this baby out.

What you need:


One 6-pound chicken (other sizes will also do)
1 large onion
1 lemon
4 cloves of garlic
Salt or coarse black pepper
About 2 tablespoons olive or vegetable oil

Preheat your oven to 425°F or around 200°C. If there is a giblet bag in the
chicken cavity, remove it and toss it, or feed it to the dog. Most roast chicken recipes tell
you to rinse the bird (sometimes more than once) and pat it dry. I omit this pain in the ass
step when the chicken is from a good, reputable butcher and not some sprawl mart meat
counter. The result is great.
Peel the onion, cut it in half and shove it in the cavity. Cut the lemon in half and
do likewise. Mince the garlic and combine with salt and coarse black pepper to taste.
With your bare hands (no rubber gloves, you fairy), give the bird a good massage with
the mixture. Rub the skin long and deep with the garlic, salt and pepper. For Burmese
taste, you can slice up a few ginger pieces and squeeze out the ginger juice on the chicken
to kill the smell. Hey, you can even get fancy and mix in some fresh herbs. Rosemary,
thyme, oregano, or even garam masala. Get creative if you want, or go really simple.
Once your bird is ready, coat a deep pan with a little oil and place it inside. Now,
for me, readiness is an appearance thing. I just know when my chicken is ready; there
really is no science to it. The skin should be crispy, golden and glistening. But as a
general rule, you roast a chicken in the oven for about 10 minutes per pound, or until the
juices run clear. The temperature of the chicken should reach approximately 160°F.
Once done, let the chicken chill for about 20 minutes to allow all of those juices
to reabsorb. Then all you have to do is carve it up and serve.
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 189

Bonus Gravy

Prep time: 5 minutes, tops


Cook time: 10 minutes, give or take
Yields: 4 to 6 portions
How easy is it to prepare? Jessica Simpson could not mess this up.

What you need:


The chicken pan juices
1 can or small carton of chicken stock

To waste all those sweet, sweet chicken pan juices is a sin. So do me a favor and
remove the heavy grease from the pan with a large spoon. Leave all the flavor bits and
clear juices. Now place the pan on the stovetop and crank it to medium heat. Add a can or
small carton of good chicken stock (you can buy organic chicken stock anywhere these
days). With a metal spatula, scrape all those bits of goodness from the pan and simmer,
reduce, simmer, reduce, until you like the consistency of this simple gravy. Done. Serve
it with the chicken.
.
%%%%%%%%

191)
91) Roasted Sweet Potatoes - KLM

IMPORTANT! This is much healthier than Chips

Prep time: 5 minutes, tops


Cook time: 1 hour, give or take
Yields: 4 to 6 portions
How easy is it to prepare? Embarrassingly easy. If you can't do this, you're an absolute
moron.

What you need:


4 large sweet potatoes (or two handful of small baking sweet potatoes)
Salt and Pepper
Garlic if you like it

Preheat the oven to 425°F. Prick the sweet potatoes with a fork and place them on
a baking sheet lined with foil. Pop the sheet in the oven and go watch the game for an
hour. Put some garlic (even without peeling) if you like it plus salt and pepper. Seriously,
that's it. Magic things happen to those potatoes in an hour. They start caramelizing and
their flavors concentrate. They turn into something completely different. And if you
hadn't noticed by now, the temperature you roast them at is the same as the damn
chicken. So yes, you can kill two birds with one stone here. Just let the potatoes cool once
done, halve and serve.
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 190

192) Simple Salad - KLM

Prep time: 30 minutes, depending on how good you are with a knife
Cook time: 0 minutes, this is a salad, you tool, remember?
Yields: Enough for 4 to 6 people
How easy is it to prepare? Very easy. With salad, the most important thing is patience
and fresh ingredients.

What you need:


1 large bunch of watercress
1 large handful of flat-leaf parsley
1 handful of fresh mint
1 head of fennel
Juice of 1 lime
About 2 tablespoons of extra virgin olive oil
Salt and pepper

You can make your salad while the rest of the meal is in the oven, obviously. A
little bit of time management will help you big time Now some people subscribe to the
theory that more is better in a salad, but simplicity is the way to go. All you need are a
couple of ingredients with a base of good greens that are clean and dry.
Assemble the watercress, parsley and mint in a large bowl. Fennel is a great
vegetable that is cheap and very tasty, with a hint of licorice. Dice it up into thin strips
and add it to the bowl. Add salt and pepper to the greens and fennel. In another bowl,
whisk 1 part lime juice with 2 parts olive oil. Combine with the greens at the table once
the meal is ready and everyone is about to eat. The last thing you want is soggy
watercress. Trust me, it blows.
Or any other Burmese's taste vegies such as Lettuce or Cherry Tomatoes would
also do great! I remember the time when we took the tomatoes from our backyard
tomatoe trees or vines from the seeds being thrown away. It was so fresh and hence so
sweet.
In cooking, be creative, be innovative, think and have passion for good food!
Good food doesn't have to be expensive, as long as they are fresh and tasty then it is
great!
I have never ever cooked in my life before that was more than 25 years, but when
I came here, I have no choice but to cook. 2 hours a week in cooking once or twice is not
so much hassle anyway. I have search through a lot of websites just to cook a simple
meal. Now I think I can handle Chicken curry, Beef curry, Fish, Salads or (A Thotes as
we called) and Lantils Soup (Kalar Pae' Hin) quite easily. Recently I have cooked my
european flatmates my speciality "Coconut Rice and Chicken curry with Onion-Lemon-
Mint Leaves Salad". They were so excited to eat some Burmese EXOTIC food! Ofcourse
I had to adjust the Spice and Masala content to be as little as possible for them.

%%%%%%%%
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 191

193)
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NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 192

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NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 193

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NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 194

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NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 195

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NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 196

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NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 197

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NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 198

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NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 199

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NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 200

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NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 202

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NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 203

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NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 204

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206) oabFmoD;okyf^c&rf;csOfoD;okyf - lovemgmg

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NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 205

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207) ykpGefokyf^jrif;cGm&Gufokyf - lovemgmg

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NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 206

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208) ig;z,fokyf^r&r;foD;okyf - lovemgmg

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NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 207

209)
209) ig;&HUtlqDjyef^wnif;oD;qDjyefcsuf - lovemgmg

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NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 208

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210) ig;ykwfajcmufokyf - heronaing

ig;ykwfajcmufokyfav;vkyfpm;Mu&atmifaemf

xm;0,fwkdU? rdwfwkdYbufrSvmaomig;ykwfajcmufjym;... ......................(5) usyfom;


MuufoGefOMuD;MuD;................................. .......................................(2) vkH;
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ukvm;atmfi&kwfoD;pdrf;............................ ......................................(10) awmifhcefY
tcsdKrIefU........................................ ...............................................tenf;i,f

jyKvkyfykH

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3) ig;ykwfajcmufukd tpao;av;awGjzpfatmif vufjzifh qdwf,lyg/
4) MuufoGefOukd yg;yg;vSD;xm;jyD; qGxm;aom ig;ykwfajcmufxJokdU tay:rSzkH;xm;yg/
5) i&kwfoD;ukd yg;yg;vSD;jyD; ig;ykwfajcmufeSifY a&mxnfhxm;yg/
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7) tcsdKrIefU tenf;i,fxnfhyg/
8) jyD;vQif vufjzihf cyfzGzGav; e,fay;yg/

xkdtcgt&omaumif;aom csOfpyfig;ykwfajcmufokyfukd pm;EdkifjyDjzpfygw,f? i&kwfoD;eSifh


oHyk&moD;ukd vkdtyfovkd tenf;trsm;xnfhyg/ oHyk&moD;rsm;oGm;ygu csOfaomt&omokdUyg
oGm;jyD;? i&kwfoD;rsm;oGm;yguvnf; pyfoGm;ekdifojzifh rdrdyg;pyfeSifh oifhawmfovkd cdsefqxnfh
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xump yg;pyfysufaepOftwGif; vlemtwGuf tvGefcHwGif;awGUEdkifaom [if;aumif;wpfcGuf
jzpfygonf/

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NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 209

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(u) Muuf
MuufoGefeDr&SdyJ [if;csufvdkY&vm;/
vm;/

Asked by kaungkinpyar:
rodvkdYar;yg&ap MuufoGefeDr&SdyJ [if;csufvdkY&vm;[if/ t&ifutdrfucsufwmyJpm;zl;wm/
ck pvHk;a&mufrS pcsufuwmqdkawmh..tdrfrSmvnf;MuufoGefeDu tjrJukefaewwfawmh
[if;rpm;&wmMumjyD/
Comment by remembrance:
vufwnfYprf;zl;wJY enf;av;ay;r,faemf/ ',ftkd;xJrSm qDxnfYyg/ qDusufvmNyDqdk oBum;xnfYyg/
oBum;t&nfaysmfvmNyD; a&T0ga&mifa&mifoef;vmvQif0ufom;(okdY) Buufom;( tom;csnf;oufouf)
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rNzpfygbl;/ uyfap;ap;yJaerSm/ Bunfhomvkyfaemf/
Comment by KyarPhyu:
&Sdygh nDrav;&,f / tJ'gudk rD;aeonf[if;vdkYac:w,f / rD;wGif;wpfavsmufvHk;pm;cJh&wJh
[if;awGaygh/ Muufom;? 0ufom;tm;vHk; qm;? eEGif;e,fjyD; qDenf;enf;av; yg&HkxnfhjyD; vHk;vdkuf/
jyD;&if a&enf;enf;csif; xnfhjyD; el;wJhtxdcsufayghuG,f /
Comment by Botchan:
MuufoGefeDr½SdbJ jrefrm[if;pm;csifw,fqkd&ifawmh c&rf;csOfoD; oHk;ygvm;/ c&rf;csOfoD;eJU qDoyfNyD;
ig;? ykZGef? *Pef; Muufom;t½dk;vGwf ponf csufpm;&if odyfaumif;aygh/

(c)
(c) ig;emrnf
ig;emrnfawG t*Fvdyfvdk b,fvdkac:ovJ/

Asked by thuyalin2006: Hi cupids, if you guys know the english name of the fish
species(like Nga Gin,Nga Myinn) that we eat in MM , pls tell me..i don't know any of
them in english name..thanks a lot.
Comment by s:
nga gin= grass carp
nga tha laut= hilsa
nga phae= feather back
nga shwe= congar eel
nga shint= eel
nga khu= cat fish
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 210

(*)
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Asked by remembrance:
[if;oD;[if;&Gufudk rEGr;fatmif b,fvdkaBumf&vJ[if/ w½kwfqkdifawGuvdk cyfpdrf;pdrf;av;
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q&m?q&mrwkdY&,f/
Comment by Botchan:
uRefawmfhukd,fawGUukdajymyg&ap/
1/ rD;jyif;jyif;vkdw,f/ (uRefawmfqkd&if *ufpfrD;zkd 3500 kcal tm;udk *dwfqHk;yJ/
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3/ a&xnfhwm rrsm;apeJU/ uRefawmfqkd&if a&at;rxnfhbl;/ "gwfbl;xJu a&aEG;xnfh&ifxnfh?
tom;jyKwf&nfaEG;aEG; wpfckck xnfhvkdufwmyJ/
4/ aMumfae&if; ta&mifukdMunfhae/ t½GufawGqkd&if enf;enf;vkdaeao;w,fvkdU
omreftm;jzifhxifMuw,f/ wu,fu tJ'Dtcsdefu cs&r,fhtcsdef/ uefpGef;½Guf? udkufvH½Guf?
[if;EkEG,fawGrSm aygh/ ta&mifuav; pdrf;vmwmeJU csawmh/
5/ t½Gufpdrf;aMumfrsm; iefjym&nfrxnfh&/ ( t½Gufpdrf;aMumfr[kwf&if iefjym&nf
wpfaygufavmufygwm aumif;w,f/ Oyrm? cgMuufOaMumf? yef;a*:zDaMumf)
6/ aMumfNyD;wmeJU yef;uefay:avmif;xnfhxm;/ 'Dwkdif; rD;zkdyJydwfvdkufNyD; tkd;xJrSm wifrxm;rdapeJU/

(C)
(C) 0uftlteHYaysmufatmifb,fvdkaq;&rvJ/

Asked by nyome:
0uftlcsuf&if reHatmif b,fvdkvkyf&rvJ[if/
Comment by qGdwD :
omrD;ndKrDa&? 0uftludkreHatmif qm;rsm;rsm;eJY refusnf;oD;rSnfUeJY tusdtcRJawGaysmufatmif
aocsmyGwfaq;&ygw,f ...
tlcsdKav;awGu udpör&SdayrJU wpfNcm;tlodrfwdkU tlrMuD;wdkUuawmU txJu npfywfaewmawGudk
aNymif;NyefvSefNyD; aocsm yGwfe,faq;rS teHYaysmufrSmyg ...
0ufuvDpmNyKwf&if pNyKwfcgpqdk&if teHYuawmUtifrwefqdk;ygw,f ... aemufydkif;usufcgeD;&ifawmU
i½kwfaumif;? emewfyGifUwdkY csif; MuufoGefNzL teHYawGeJY xdef;oGm;NyD; 0ufom;vnf;usufvmawmY
teHYvnf;odyfrxGufawmUygbl; ...yJiefNym&nfuvnf; teHUxdef;ygw,f ...

(i)
(i) qDjyefeJY qDvnfa&vnf bmuGmvJ
mvJ/

Comment by wdkusdKzdkufwm:
qDjyef = ([if;tdk;xJwGif atmufqHk;rSmtESpf? tv,frSmtom;? tay:rSmqDtjzpfeJY
awGYjrif&rnfhtajctae)
qDvnfa&vnf = ([if;tdk;xJrSm tESpf+a&+qDwdkY aygif;pyfjyD; ryspfrusJt&nfwGif tom;rsm;
rjrKyfwjrKyfjzpfaepOf awGYjrif&rnfh tajctae? wpfenf;tm;jzifh qDrjyefciftcsdef[k
,lqEdkifygaBumif;)
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 211

(p)
(p) MumqHcsufeJY MumqH[if;cg; wlwlyJvm;/
m;/

Asked by machitsu:
MumZHcsuf (MumZH[if;cg;) b,fvdkac:jyD; bmawGuGmwmygvdrfh.. twlwlyJvdkYxifwmyJ..
Comment by udk&iftkef;:
uGmw,f xifwmyJ/ itkef; xifwm &rf;ajym&&if tJav rSef;ajym&&if MumqHcsufrSmu i½kwfoD;
qDowfxm;wJhtxJudk Muufom;xnfhvdkU vHk;NyD;rS tqmyvmawG xnfh a&xnfh a&aEG;ql&if
MumqHcwf.. tJvdk csufw,f/ 'grS tay:qD eDeDav; wufwmudk;/ MumqH[if;cg;rSmu qDowfwm
rygbl;/ Muufom; jyKwf&nfxJeUcsufw,f/ tay:qD rygbl;/ MumqH[if;cg; a&SmufoD;okyfqdkNyD;
naenae vSnf;av;eJU vdkufa&mif;wJh [mrsdK;/ tJvdk uGmw,fawmh xifwmyJ/ tpyft[yfuawmh
ae&mvdkufNyD; uGmrSmaygh/ xifwmav; ajymMunfhwm/
bmyJcsufcsuf Muuf&dk;eJU csufwmu Muufom;eJU csufwmxuf ydkcsdKw,f/ ta&cGHygoGm;&if
[if;&nfaemufwwfw,f/ vSnf;av;eJU a&mif;wJh tonfawGuawmh [if;&nftdk;udk rD;xdk;xm;
ayr,fh MumqHudk owfowf z,fxm;wm/ wcgwJ a&mjyKwfxm;&if MumqHawG El;&Hkru
t&nfygaysmfoGm;wwfvdkU/

(q)
(q) tcsdeftwG,fav;rsm;/
v;rsm;/

Comment by wdkusdKzkdufwm:
tenf;i,frSwfrdwJh tv;csdefav;awGudk a&;ay;vdkufygw,f
1 uDvdk= 2.2 aygif= 62 usyfom;cefY
1 aygif= 29 usyfom;cefY
1 uDvdk= 1000 *&rf? 1aygif= 16 atmifp? 1ydom= 100usyfom;
1 wif;= 16 jynf? 1 jynf= 8vHk;
vufzuf&nfZGef; (3) ZGef; = pm;yGJZGef; (1) ZGef;
tcsdKyef;uef 1 vHk;(t&nf)= 7.5 atmifp
tcsdKyef;uef 1 vHk;(trIefY) = 6 atmifp
t*Fvdyftav;csdef jrefrmtav;csdef
------------------------------------
1 aygif 28.56 usyfom;
1 atmifp 1.75 usyfom;(2usyfrwfwif;)
4 atmifp 7 usyfom;
1 ydkifh EdkYqDbl;wpfvHk;tjynfh
-------------------------------------
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 212

(Z) qdwf½kd;yJ[if;csufwm wpfckckrSm;aeovdkjzpfaevm;/

Asked by Botchan:
qdwf½kd;yJ[if;csufwm wpfckckvkdovkdjzpfjzpfaevkdU aoaocsmcsmodwJh trDem;wkdU oifay;ygOD;/
rqvmqkd&ifvnf; wHqdyfuav;ygñTefygAsm;/ qDowfyHkukd aoaocsmcsm tao;pdyfodcsifygw,f/
Comment by SandyM:
Did u use fish sauce for goat meat or lamb? Actually fish sauce and red meat never go
together well especially with goat meat and lamb....it will small bad.
When i was in Myanmar,I asked the guy from spice shop to mix for me to use (sate yoe
soup or sate pal hin)...I roasted that mix at low heat in the wok...pound it until fine...use
as masalar.
Also you can also put extra zeyar seed when you are frying onion,garlic,ginger and chilli
mixture .....later you can finish with ready made maslar package.
Comment by ysdKysdKar ;
qdwfom; udk a&raq;cif yJrIefUtpdrf;eJYe,fvdkufyg.. aocsme,fNyD;&if a&aq;vdkufyg ...
a&aq;wJhtcg a&xJrSmpdrfNyD; tom;udkraq;ygeJY ... ZumxJxnfhNyD; a&aq;wmjzpfap/ wpfwHk;csif;
pdwf&Snfvuf&Snfjzpfap aq;Edkifygw,f/ NyD;&if qm;enf;enf; &Smvum&nf enf;enf;eJYe,fNyD;
xyfaq;vdkufyg/
aq;NyD;om; tom;awGudk ... qm; ? eEGif;? tcsdKrIefY? rqvm (*&rf rmqvm qdk&ygw,f)? 'defcsOf?
&Smvum&nf tMurf;yef;uef wpfvHk;cefY xnfhe,fvdkufyg(owd iefjym&nf rxnfh&yg)/ csif; wpf
wufudk nufatmifaxmif;NyD; qdwfom;awGay:udk t&nfvdkuf n§pfcsyg/ csif;rSt&nfrsm; ukefonfxd
xyfaxmif;NyD; xyfn§pfyg/ NyD;&if ESyfxm;vdkufyg (1) em&DcefY/
MuufoGefjzL? MuufoGefeD? csif;? i½kwfoD; wdkYudk axmif;xm;yg/ bvef'geJY a&marTxm;vnf;&ygw,f
.. aMunufNyD; t&nfxGufatmifawmh rarTygeJY/ MuufoGefapmf eHwwfygw,f/
ukvm;yJudk udk,fBudKufoavmuf a&pdrf xm;yg/
tm;vHk; tqifoifhjzpfNyDqdk&if ... tdk;xJudk qDxnfh (qDudk enf;enf; ydkxnfhyg .. yJu qDpkyf
oGm;wwfygw,f) .. qDylvm&if e,fxm;wJh qdwfom;awGudk t&ifxnfhNyD; qDjyefonfxd qDowfyg/
t&nfrsm;cef;NyD; tdk;uyfpjyKvm&if qDjyefvm&if ... axmif;xm;wJh i½kwfoD; MuufoGefrsm;udk xnfhNyD;
a&mum qDowfyg .. tdk;ruyfatmif pdwf&Snf&Snf arT ay;zdk hawmh vdkygw,f/ MuufoGef
teHYaoavmuf&if a&pdrfxm;wJhyJ rsm;udk q,fxnfhyg/ wpfcsuf ESpfcsufavmuf ESHYatmif arTvdkufyg/
NyD;&if tom;jrKyfatmif a&xnfhNyD; rmqvm wpfZGef;avmuf tkyfvdkufum El;onftxd wnfvdkufyg/
tom;vnf;El; yJvnf;El; tawmfavmufygyJ/ El;NyDqdk&if a&udk vdkoavmuf cefhrSef;NyD;
rD;ydwfvdkY&ygNyD/ a&av; enf;enf;av;ydkxnhfyg .. at;oGm;&if yJu [if;udkyspfapygw,f/)
NyD;&ifawmh aygifrkefY? eHjym;? yvmwm? xrif; ESpfouf&meJY wGJNyD; oHk;aqmifEdkifygNyD/
(trDemawmh r[kwfbl; udkBuD;abmha& .. ysdKar ajymwJhtwdkif;csufvdkY pm;raumif;bl;qdk&if
udk,fwdkifvmcsufay;r,f .. tJav jyefavsmfay;r,fvdk hajymwm/ )
Comment by Botchan:
tckvkd qdwf½kd;yJ[if;udk csufay;wJh rpE´DarmifeJU rysdKysKdarwkdUtm;aus;Zl;wifygw,f/
uRefawmfckxufxd vGJvGJaewm ckrSyJ w&m;cHawGUw,f/ iefjym&nfAs/
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 213

(ps)
(ps) xrif;aygif;tdk;wpfvHk; toHk;csenf;/

Comment by KLM;
tkef;xrif; = xrif;aygif;tdk;&Sd&if tkef;xrif;&jyD/ a&tpm; tkef;EdkYxnfh?
qDav; ZGef;ao;wpfZGef;xnfh/ MuufoGefeDO enf;enf;xnfh/ qm;av; enf;enf;xnfh/
oMum;av; (3) ZGef;avmufxnfh/ vG,fvG,fav;yJ[m/ odkYaomf oleJYwGJzdkY [if;vdkrSmaygh/
toD;t&GufaMumf = aMumf&Hkoufoufqdk&ifawmh wifyl&m trIefY0,fNyD; qD;zk'f bwfpfuufeJ h?
toD;t&Gufav; aMumfaygh/
Comment by Honey_Cho;
t[J.. rodwJholukd rwwfwJholu tMuHay;MunfUtkH;r,f..
[efeDawmh xrif;aygif;tkd;ukd csOf&nf[if;? oD;pkHukvm;[if;csuf&ifokH;w,f..yxr aygif;tdk;eJU
t&nf[if;wpfrsKd;rsKd;csufNyD; ZvkHMuD;MuD; wpfckxJrSm vS,fxnfUxm;vkduf.. aemuf.. aygif;tkd;ukdaq;NyD;
yJaxmywfxrif; 'grSr[kwf axmywfxrif; csufvkduf..',ftdk;rD;zkdeJU Muufom;qDjyefcsufvkdU&ygw,f..
qDrowfeJU... vkH;csufvkduf..tcsdef&ao;&if.. Muufom;tkd;ukd vS,fNyD; toD;t&GufaMumfvkduf..
&,f'Drdwf ig;ydaMumfwkdU iefjym&nfaMumfwkdU&Sd&if uGufwdyJ....

(n)
(n) uRJacgif;oD;udk b,fvdkpm;&rvJ/

Asked by MgMgTh3t:
usGJacgif;oD;udkjrifbl;ayrJUrpm;bl;ao;bl;....b,fvdkpm;&vJodMuygovm;.......
Comment by auyD :
tcGHudkETm? jyD;&ifyg;pyfxJxnfhjyD; 0g;pm;&ygw,f/ tJ owdjyK&r,fh tcsufuawmh uRJacgif;oD;eJ h
vufzufokyf vHk;0(vHk;0)rwnfhygbl;/ r,Hk&if twlwlpm;Munfhyg/

(#)
(#) iefvQif...ayghvQif...wl;vQif.../
../

Comment by udk&iftkef; :
iefvQifa&a&m... ayghvQifqm;cwf... wl;vQiftdk;ajymif;.. raumif;vTifhypfvdkuf/
-udk&iftkef;
pm;awmfuJ
jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif bm;cef;
uGefjrLewDcspfcsuf
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 214

(X)
(X) qDowfw,fqdkwm bmvJ/

Comment by KLM;
qDpdrf;udk tylay;wmudk qDowfw,f ac:wm/
'Dwdkif; qDraocif tqmyvm (i½kwfwdkY? MuufoGefeD^NzL? csif;wdkY? rqvmwdkY) xnfhvdkuf&if qDeHY
xGufw,f/ 'gaMumifh qDudk tdk;xJxnfh? rD;av;ay;NyD; cPxm;&w,f/ 'gudkac:wm/ qDaoawmh
taiGYav;xGufvmw,f/ odyfMuD; rylapeJY/
tJ'Dvdk qDao&if rD;av; avQmhNyD; vSD;xm;wJh i½kwfwdkY? MuufoGefeD^NzL? csif;wdkY?
rqvmwdkYxnfharTvdkuf&if tESpf&a&m/ cPawmh EGrf;atmifapmifh&wmaygh/ tJ'gawG EGrf;&if rqvm?
tarT;tMudKifMudKe,fNyD; ESyfxm;wJh tom;wpfrsdK;rsdK;udk xnfhNyD;arT/ ESHY&if a&av;xnfh/
(a&aEG;xnfhvnf;&w,f/) t&omav;Nrnf;? qm;av; tcsdKrIefYav;cwf/ 'gqdk qDNyef[if;yJ/
vHk;csufwmMuawmh qDaowmeJY tom;&,f? i½kwfwdkY? MuufoGefeD^NzL? csif;wdkY? rqvmwdkY&,fudk
wpfNydKifwnf;xnhfvdkufwm/ Nrefwmaygh/
0uftcsif;udk a&pifpifaq;NyD; xef;vsuf (r&Sd&if oMum;enf;enf;? yJiefNyma&aemuf? MuufoGefNzL?
csif;enf;enf;eJUNyKwfvdkuf&if wkwfxdk;vdk&w,f/ wpfa&avmufyJ NyKwfNyD;
MuGyfMuGyfav;aMumfvdkufvnf;&wmyJ/ aocsmawmh aq;/ r[kwf&if teHY&Sdw,f/ wpfcsdKUu
&Smvum&nf? a&Smuf&nfav; enf;enf;eJYaq;w,f/ rsm;&ifawmh &Smvum&nfeHY xGufoGm;Nyefa&m/
aMumfwJYtcg 2zufvHk;rSsrSswwav; eDndKoef;vm&if csvdkY&NyD/ r[kwf&if wl;oGm;a&m/
Comment by Honey_Cho;
qDowfw,fqkdwmmu ',ftkd;xJrSm qDylatmifwnf..vSD;xm;wJh MuufoGefjzLeDxnfU..
enf;enf;EGrf;vmwJhtcg eEGif;rIefU eJY i½kwfoD;ta&mifwifrIefUxnfU ... jyD;&if tom;wpfrsKd;rsKd;xnfU..
iefjym&nfavmif;.. tzkH;tkyf... (tJ'gcsufenf;wpfrsKd;)
vkH;csufwmumu.. tkd;xJrSm MuufoGefjzL^eD? tcsKdrIefU? iefjym&nf? eEGif;rIefU?i½kwfoD;ta&mifwifrIefU ?
tom;.. awGukdtukefa&mxnfU e,fNyD;csufwm.. an§mfeHY oufomwmaygh...
0uftcsif;wkdifuawmh okyfwmpm;bl;w,f... jyKwfyD; taeawmfvSD;..MuufoGefeD? c&rf;csOfoD;?
i½kwfoD;pdrf;? eHeHyif? a&Smuf&Guf? oHy&m&nfn§pfNyD; okyfpm;&ifaumif;w,f..

(!)
(!) 0ufeH&dk;eJY acgufqGJjyKwf b,fvdkjyKwfvJ/

Comment by udk&iftkef; :
jrnf;vdkU r&wJh[mawG itkef; rcsufwwfbl;As../ aqm&D;/ usL;ypfrrrsm; ulnDygvdrfhr,f/
*sife&,fuawmh 'DvdkygAs../
1- 0ufeH&dk;udk jyKwfyg (tdk;xJodkUa&xnfh eH&dk;xnfh rD;zdkay:wif..)
2- acgufqGJxJudk 0ufeH&dk;jyKwfawG avmif;xnfhyg/
[J[J.. usL;ypfrrrsm; ajymwm itkef; y&ifpDy,f eJUrnD&if itkef;udk BudKufovdkqJ/ [J[J
eH&dk;aygif; acgufqGJqdk&if vrf;rawmfu xdyfyJAs../ ESpfqkdif&dSw,f/ ae&D&D eJU tJAm;*&if;/
BudKufwJhqdkifrSm 0,fpm;aem../ 'gu &pyD aemufwpfrsKd;aygh/
tkef;uefaemhuGwf
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 215

(¡) ausmufausmeJ
usmeJYaq;ukvm;r/
m;r/

Comment by yzg;
udkauwdkUqDawmh rodbl;As ..pvHk;rSmawmh ausmufausm usmxkyf .. aq;ukvm;rxkyfav;awG
0,fvdkU&w,f/ ausmufausmqdk wef;oHk;½HkyJ/ aq;ukvm;ruawmh xHk;pHtwdkif;a&pdrfxm;&wmaygh/
jyD;&if oMum;&nfusdK ..tJ .. tJ'DrSm a&udkenf;enf;aEG;atmifwnfxm;ESihfjyD;rS oMum;udk
jznf;jznf;csif; xnhf&if;arTay;aeaemf ..'Dtwdkif; tdk;xJoMum;xnhf a&xnfhjyD; zdkay:wifvdkuf&if
wcgwavus oMum;u uyfjyD;tcJvdkufMuD; wl;a&m ... oMum;&nf usdKjyD;&if tat;cH ..
(a&cJaowåmxJ xnhfxm;) ckeu ausmufausmqdk&if twHk;av;awG wHk;xm;wm .. aq;ukvm;rqdk&if
a&pdrfxm;&mu q,fjyD;a&ppfxm;wm eJU a&m/ tdk; .. *Gwf&S,faygh/
jrefrmjynfu ausmufausmxufawmif aumif;ao; ..
ausmufausmxkyfav;awGu wdkU[l;acsmif;xkyfav;awGvdkyAJ s ..yvwfpwpfeJU &Snf&Snfav;awG
xkyfxm;wm/ wdkU[l;vdk r0gyJ olutrJ/ ..tdrfa&muf&if yvyfpwpfudkcGmypfjyD; 'g;eJUwef;jyD; wHk;
&HkyJ/ ..ac:wmawmh Jelly (or) Agar yJ ac:r,fxifw,f/ ..
aq;ukvm;r m;ru .... tm ... udkau OD;aESmufpm;jyDAsm/ ... arhaejyD/
Inulin rsm;vm; rodbl; ... aocsmodwJhol ajzMuygOD;AsdKU .......
Comment by naing_oo;
w½kwfwef;rSm Al;awGpDxm;wJh ae&mudkomMunfhvdkuf udkaua&/ ausmufausmrJrJ awGu
odvG,fygw,f/ Al;tjyifu zefcGufyHkxJrSm ausmufausmwHk;uav;awGawGY ae&w,f/ Grass Jelly
vdkY a&;xm;w,f/ usGefawmfawmh aq;ukvm;reJY ESif;&nfudkawmh UK rSm r&Smwwfbl;As/ oMum;udk
t&nfazsmfjyD; ausmufausmeJY aomufvkdufwmyJ/

(P) 'nif;oD;jyKwfaomf/

Comment by yzg;
'nif;oD;jyKwfwm a&jrKyf½HkxnhfjyD; rD;jrSif;jrSif;eJU a&cef;wJhtxd jyKwf&wm/
a&aygavmeJU wAGrf;AGrf;jyKwfjyD; a&xJu q,fvdkUawmh zG,fwJh[dkbufurf;
q,fblwmawmif ausmfoGm;OD;r,f wjcm;awmh taxGtxl;xnhfp&mrvdkygbl;
&Edkif&ifawmh jyKwfwJhxJ xef;vsufav;enf;enf;xnhfjyKwfEdkif&ifydkaumif;w,f
enf;enf;aemf .. awmfMum 'nif;oD;ygqdk xef;vsufwHk;jzpfaeOD;r,f
Comment by Honey_cho;
'nif;oD;Ek&if jyKwfpm;vkdUraumif;bl;... rpD;vkdU..rD;zkwfpm;&wm ykdaumif;w,f...
'grSr[kwf qefaq;&nfeJU pdrfNyD; qm;pdrfvkyfpm;MunfUygvm;...
Comment by KLM;
'nif;oD;u t&nfwnfpavmuf Ek&if 'Dtwdkif; tpdrf;uRwfuRwfav; wdkYpm;&wm ydkaumif;w,fAs/
ykpGefaNcmuf iefNyma&csufav;eJYqdk vdkufrSvdkufyJ/
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 216

(w) rdkufc&dka0hzfeJeJY xrif;csuf^MuufOjyKwf &atmif/

Comment by elfcupid;
bmrSawmh rcsufwwfbl;Asm/ 'gayr,fh rdkufc&dka0hzf eJU xrif;b,fvdkcsufrvJ qdkwmav;awmh
aNymNycsifao;w,f/ wpfcgwpfcg xrif;aygif;tdk;u tvG,fwul &SdcsifrS&Sdwm/ Nrefrmqdkawmh
xrif;eJU rawGU&wJhaeYqdk vluaorvdkyJ/ tm;udkr&Sdbl;/ qef&JU 2-q odkU 2-qcJG a&xnfhyg/
ta&;tBuD;qHk;u rdkufc&dka0hzf&JU tm;udkcsdefwmu ta&;tBuD;qHk;yg/ rsm;oGm;,if usufwpf0uf
rusufwpf0uf Nzpfwwfygw,f/ rdkufc&dka0hzf&JU Power 80% rSm 13- 15 rdepfcsuf,if
xrif;aumif;aumif;&ygNyD/
Comment by palmtree;
[kwfyghudkrSifa&../ rdkufc&dka0hzfeJU ESpfyg;oGm;&wJh txD;usef yk&doawG twGuf xrif;csufenf;
ta&;MuD;ygoAs/ wcsdKU rdkufc&dka0hzfawGrSmawmh Casserole Rice qdkwJh Function ygwwfygw,f/
rygwJh pufrsm;twGuf udkrSifhenf;u toHk;0ifrSmcifAs/ itkef;u xrif;csuf&if; MuufOjyKwfwJh
enf;oifay;r,f/ tifrwef vQdKU0SufeufeJwJh ynm ayyJaemf../
MuufOjyKwfuav; pm;csif&if Oudk a&pifpifaq;NyD; xrif;csufwJh cGufxJudk xnfhxm;vdkuf/
xrif;vnf;usuf? MuufOjyKwfvnf;&/ tr,f txifrao;eJU MuufOjyKwf udk,fwdkif jyKwf&wm
vG,fwmrSwfvdkU/ uGJ&ifuGJ ruGJ&if tumrusufwmeJU tESpfrusufwmeJU/ tJ.. usuf&if
a&at;at;cGufxJrSm 5 rdepfavmuf pdrfxm;OD;aemf.. EdkUrdkUqdk tcGHcGm&cufw,f/ (ta&;BuD;wm
wpfcku rdkufc&dka0hzf xJudk yg0g tjrifheJU MuufOxnfhjyKwf&if zHk;ueJ xuGJwwfw,f/ zsLUpfawG
bmawGygjywfxGuf ukefwm/ MuufOu txJrSm AHk;uGJovdk uGJwmudk;? r,Hkr&dSeJU udk,fawGU)
aemufwpfcku a&cJaowåm tay:xyfu a&cJ&dkuf tom;awG rmcJaewmudk csufcsif; csufvdkU
&wJhtaea&mufatmif jyefvkyfwJh function yg/ turbo defrost qdkwJh function ygwwfygw,f/
tJ'D[mudk a&G;NyD; csufr,fh tom;&Jh tav;csdefudk ay;&ifpufu csufavmuf&Hk taetxm;
&atmifjyefvkyfay; ygw,f/ tJ'D function ryg&ifawmh yg0gudk High rSmxm;NyD; tenf;qHk; 15
rdepfavmuf tyljyif;wkduf&ygw,f/ (aocsmatmif rMumrMum zGifhMunfhygw,f.. [J[J) tom;awG
cJaewmudk 'Dtwdkif; xnfhjyKwfwmwdkU csufwmwdkU vkyfvdkU r&ygbl;/ b,favmuf jyKwfjyKwf
twGif;u cJaewwfygoAs/ tdk;olBuD;itkef;

(w) [if;csufenf;tajccHrsm;/
sm;/

Comment by palmtree;
'Dtwdkif;qdk MuufoGefcGmenf;wdkU? qDowfenf;wdkU upNyD; ajymjy&rvdk jzpfaeNyD/ ryleJUAsdKU/
vkyf&if;udkif&if wwfoGm;vdrfhr,f/ Mum;zlw,frIwfvm;/ aygh&if qm;cyf? ief&if a&xdk;?
wl;aomftkd;ajymif;? raumif;vTifhypfvdkufwJh/
MuufoGefeDu tvHk;vdkuf cGm& cufw,fAs/ tvsm;vdkuf xufjcrf;jcrf; ypfvdkuf? NyD;&if MuufoGef
vHk;jcrf;&Jh xdyfzsm;ESpfzufudk jzwfvkduf/ NyD;rS tcGHoif&if ydkvG,fw,f/ (MuufoGefudk wpfvHk; ESpfvHk;
ajymrdvdkU &Gmu vlawGuem;rvnfbl;/ q&mav;uvnf; MuufoGefu tyifrSm oD;wmrS r[kwfwm/
wpfO ESpfOvdkU ajym&w,fwJh? 0dkif;jyifay;Muw,f)
MuufoGefcGm&if rsuf&nfrusatmif wcsdKUu eHab;em;rSm qm;enf;enf; yHkMuw,f/ itkef;uawmh
a&abqif atmufrSmcGmw,f/ jrLrIefUawG rsufpdudk tcdk;r&dkufzdkUom t"duyg/
MuufoGefjzL zLusawmh rcGmcif xdyfzsm;av;udk t&ifjzwf? NyD;awmhrS xdyfzsm;u pNyD; tcGHoif/
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 217

axmif;NyD; xnfh&r,fh [if;rsdK; Oyrm- Muufom;[if;rsdK; qdk&ifawmh tyifyrf;cHNyD;


tcGefroifaeeJUawmh? 'Dtwdkif; 'g;jym;wpfcsuf &dkuf? aMuoGm;awmhrS tcGefudk z,fypf? 'Denf;u
ydkvG,fw,f/ [if;cg;xJ cyfr,f? pGyfjyKwfxJ cyfr,fqdk&ifawmh bmvdkU tcGHcGmaeawmhrvnf;/
'Dtwdkif; Ovdkufom xnfhcsufvdkuf/ b,folrSvnf; MuufoGefjzL OMuD; cyfrpm;ygbl;/ teHU&zdkUu
vdk&if;rdkUvm;/ vG,fzdkU&,f jrefzdkU&,f ta&;BuD;w,f udk,fhq&mwdkU&JY/
MuufoGefjzL odkUr[kwf MuufoGefeD qDcsuf vdkcsif&if b,fawmhrS &J&JeDaewJhtxd qDtdk;xJrSm
rxm;eJUAs/ udk,fu q,fr,f vkyfwkef; olu wl;NyD; rnf;oGm;NyD/ &JwJhtcsdefeJU wl;wJhtcsdefu
odyfjrefw,f/ tifrm*sefqD tcsdefrSm rD;ydwfwm raumif;bl;/ tdk;udk ,lcsypfvdkufwm ydkaumif;w,f/
rD;ydwfwmawmif zdkaiGUu enf;wJhtylrS r[kwfwm/ tdk;yg ,lcsvdkuf? jrefvnf;jrefw,fav/
csif;usawmh itkef;u tcGHudk jcpfypfvdkufw,f/ 'g;av;eJUjzpfjzpf/ rvSD;cif tcGHjcpfvdkufw,f/
NyD;awmhrS vdkoavmuf vSD;w,f/ itkef;enf;yg? rSefcsifrS rSefr,f/ 'gayr,fh jrefw,f/
'Dxufjrefcsif&if tcGHyg xnfhaxmif;vdkuf? &wmyJ/
jrefrm[if;awG
awu &dk;ygw,f/ Muufjzpfjzpf? 0ufjzpfjzpf? ykpGefjzpfjzpf qDjyef[if; rSef&if 'DtESpfeJU
om;yJav/ MuufoGefjzL? eD? csif;? i½kwfoD; a&maxmif; tESpf&a&m/ i½kwfoD;u tpdrf;rIefU
'Dtom;
oHk;vdkuf NyD;wmyJ/ axmif;csifoy qdk&if acgif;yG ykwdkBuD;awGudk a&pdrf? &ifcGJ? taphxkwfNyD; qHkxJ
xnfhaxmif;&wm/ tvkyf&Iyfw,f? NyD;awmh ylpyfylavmifeJU/ itkef;u i½kwfoD; tpdrf;rIefUyJ oHk;w,f/
&Sif;vdkU/
rsm;aomtm;jzifh AdkufqmrS [if;xcsufwmqdkawmh ukef;pGef;csJU rvkyfEdkifawmhbl;/ tusOf;&Hk;csuf&wm/
MuufoGefjzL eD? i½kwftpdrf;rIefU axmif;aeMumw,f/ xnfhMudwfvdkuf/ e,frSmwkef;u Budwfpufvnf;
r&dS? axmif;&rSmvnf; ysif;awmh bmvkyfw,frSwfvJ/ 'g;eJU EkyfEkyfpOf;NyD; csufw,f/ jzpfwmyJav/
MuufoGef wpfOudk a'gifvdkufvSD;? NyD;awmh uefUvefU av;ig;cgavmuf vSD;vdkuf&if rGpmMuJoGm;wmyJ/
jzLeD? i½kwfoD;rIefU BudwfNyD;om;udk a&me,fxm;vdkuf/ qm;enf;enf; cwfvdkuf&if arTwm ydkESHUw,f/
jzLeDawGvnf; qm;eJUawGUawmh aMuoGm;a&m/ [if;xJudkawmh qm;enf;enf;avsmhxnfhaygh/ awmfMum
a&xdk;&wmeJU tmvl;a&m&wmeJU jzpfwwfw,f/ axmif;rS nufwm r[kwfygbl;Asm/
EkyfEkyfpOf;xm;wmvnf; csufvdkufawmh aMuoGm;wmyJ/
tESpfudk qDowf&if aocsm qDjyefatmif owf? EdkUrdkUqdk&if [if;u nnf;apmf eHwwfw,f/
MuufoGef topfqdk omqdk;ao;/ qDowfwkef;rSm eEGif;xnfhowfw,f/ eEGif;u aemufrS owd&NyD;
xnfh&if eEGif;teHUBuD; eHwwfvdkU/ qDowfwkef;xnfh&if teHUawG xGufoGm;a&m/ reHUawmhbl;/
eEGif;u ta&mifyg&Hk xnfhwmrIwfvm;/
ta&mififtwGufu t0ga&mifvSatmif eEGif;oHk;w,fAsmsm/ i½kwfoD;eJU csufwJh qDjyef[if;awGrSm
ta&m
ta&mifwifrIefUoHk;w,fAsm? 0uftcsdKcsufwdkU bmwdkU w½kwf[if;awGusawmh yJiefjym&nf
taemufoHk;w,fAsm/ 0ufom;eDcsufwdkU 0ufajcaxmufpGyfwdkUusawmh tomawG eDatmif
oMum;oif;NyD;csufw,f/ aocsm oif;&if oMum;ygayr,fh rcsdKbl;/ uRrf;oGm;awmh
ta&mifyJusefwm/
rqvmwdkU zmvm? u&a0;wdkUu Muufom;[if;eJUvdkufw,f/ tdk;cscgeD;rSxnfh/ xnfhNyD;&if tzHk;av;
qdkif;xm;/ teHUawG xGufukefr,f/
[if;csdKawGrSm i½kwfaumif; cyfcsif&ifvnf; tkd;csumeD;rS cyfwm aumif;w,f/ tcefUroifh&if [if;u
rnf;oGm;wwfwmudk;/ tarT;tBudKifudk EdkifEdkifom oHk;AsdKU/ t&omu pm;rS &wm/ teHUu
rpm;cifuwJu pm;csifatmif vkyfay;Edkifwmr[kwfvm;/
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 218

(x) [if;csuf&if; tdk;eif;cGufeif;rjzpf&atmif b,fvkdvkyf&rvJ/

Comment by wdkusdKzdkufwm ;
rdD;zdkcef;twGif;rS A[kokwav;rsm;udk csuf&if;jyKwf&if; tdk;eif;cGufeif; rjzpf&avatmif
aumufEkwfazmfjyvdkufygw,fcifAsm ....
El;eyfvG,fatmif
om;ig;wdkYjzifh [if;csdKcsufvQif om;ig;wdkYudk yxrEl;eyfatmifusdKyg/ 4if;wdkYEl;eyfcgrS qm;xnfhyg/
qm;udk a&S;OD;pGmxnfhícsufjykwfvQif tom;rsm; rmqwf&Rfaewwfygonf/
-teHYaysmufatmif
pGyfjyKwfrsm; ? [if;csdKrsm;ü BuufoGefeHY aysmufuif;apvdkvQif? rkefvmO0g tenf;i,fvSD;íxnfhcyfjyD;
tzHk;tkyfxm;yg? BuufoGefeHY jy,fíoGm;rnf/
-0ufom;aBumf
0ufom;udk tpdrf;aBumfvdkvQif *sHKrIefYenf;enf;udka&ESifh jypfjypfazsmfí0ufom;wHk;rsm;udk *sKHrIefY&nfxJwGif
ESpfjyD;rSaBumfyg/ tqDjzpfjcif;vnf;oufomonf? &ufwm&Snfvnf; txm;cHonf/
-EdkYESifha&
uRJEdkY EGm;EdkYwGif a&a&m ra&m odvdkaomf? EdkYwpfpufavmufudk rifESdyfpuúLay: odkYcsBunfhyg/ EdkYppfvQif
jyefYroGm;bJ puúLay: rSmwifaeonf/ a&a&mvQif puúLxJodkYjyefYí0ifoGm;rnf/
-rD;awmufjidrf;atmif
aBumfaeaom qDtdk;wGif rD;awmufygu *sHKrIefY qefrIefY vufwpfqkyfavmufudk jzL;xnfhvdkufyg/
4if;trIefYrsm; tvG,fwulr&Sdygu jymrIefY oJrIefY wpfckck&&mudk xnfhvdkufyg/ avvHkaom
tzHk;wpfckjzifhzHk;ay;yg/
-ran§mfatmif
wnfxm;aom [if;tdk;a0usí an§mfaevQif xdktay: wGifqm;jzpfap? eEGif;jzpfap jzL;ay;yg/tan§mfeHY
aysmufíoGm;rnf/
-ig;udk qm;riefatmif
ig;rsm;qm;iefíaecJhvQif qm;udka&ESifhazsmfí 4if;xJwGif ig;rsm;udk acw¦pdrfxm;yg/ qm;iefaysmufí
t&om&Sdvmonf/
-csufrnfh[if;&GufrndI;atmif
0,fvmaom[if;&Gufrsm;udk a&aq;í'eftdk;xJrSmjzpfap? ajrtdk;xJrSmjzpfap? avvHkatmif
tzHk;tkyfíxm;yg/ tjyifwGif usif;íxm;onfxuf aeY&ufBum&SnfcHjyD; vwfqwfygonf/
-oHyk&m&nfxGufatmif
oHyk&moD;udk rn§pfcif rD;aEG;atmifuifín§pfBunfhyg/ tpdrf;oufoufn§pfonfxuf
t&nfxGufygonf/
-tom;Bum&SnfcHenf;
trJ om; ig; rsm;udk Bum&SnfcHapvdkvQif t½kd;tqDrxkwfbJ EdkYcsOftdk;xJrSmxnfhí tzHk;ydwfjyD;?
at;aomtcef;xJrSm xm;yg/ csufjyKwfvdkaomtcgpifBu,fatmifa&aq;ícsufjyKwfyg/ þenf;rSm (4)
&uf? (5) &uftxd txm;cHygonf/
-tom;El;vG,fatmif
trJom; qdwfom; bJom; tp&Sdaom rmonfhtom;rsm;udk El;eyfvG,fapvdkvQif
&Smvum&nftenf;i,f xnfhíe,fjyD;csufyg^ csif;&nfESifhe,fí csufyg/ El;nHhaysmhaysmif;apygonf/
oBum;tenf;i,f xnfhvQifvnf; El;eyfapygonf/ wenf;tm;jzifh oabFmoD;tpdrf; 4^5
pdwfavmufxnfhícsufjcif;tm;jzifh t&om&Sdum El;eyfvG,fyg\/
NrefrmusL;ypf [if;csufenf;rsm; 219

-tmvl;vwfqwfatmif
tenf;i,faysmhaeaom tmvl;rsm;udk jyKwfvdkygu rSefa&mifoBum; enf;enf;xnfhí
jyKwfyg/tmvl;rsm; vwfqwfrmawmifhít&om&Sdygonf/ (udktmvl; twGufenf;aumif;aerSm )
- BuufO bJO
Orsm;udk avvHkaombl;xJwGif xnfhrxm;ygESifh? i½kwfo;D rsm;ESifh a&mírxm;ygESifh?
ykyfvG,fwwfygonf/ owdjyKía&SmifBuOfyg/
- oHyk&moD;
oHyk&moD;udk rykyfrEGrf;atmif yef;uefjym;xJwGif xnfhítay:rSzvfcGufjzpfap? yef;uefvHk;jzifhjzpfap
tkyfíxm;yg? vwfqwfaeygrnf/
- BuufoGefjzLteHY
yg;pyfxJwGif BuufoGefjzLteHYpGJíaevQif EGm;EdkYpdrf;tenf;i,f aomufay;yg/
- eEGif;eHYeHaomf
csufjyKwfaom[if;vsmwGif eEGif;eHYeHapmfaevQif? oif;abmoD;udk ydk;wDvSD;ícwfyg/ twefBumaomtcg
q,fíypfyg? þtwdkif; 2 BudrfcefvkyfvQif eEGif;eHY aysmufuif;\ /
-qm;iefvGef;aomf
[if;tdk;qm;iefvQif jzLpifoefY&Sif;aom0g*Grf;udk vHk;axG;í[if;tdk;xJodkYxnfhvQuf toufatmifhjyD;
a,mif;rjzifh zdESdyfay;&rnf/ cPBumaomf q,fíypf ? 2-Budrf3-Budrfvkyfay;aomf qm;iefaysmuf\/
(csifh,Hk&ef)
-'nif;oD;jyKwfvQif
tcGHESifhwuG a&míjyKwfyg/ a&udkjrKyfavmuf½kHxnfhíqD 3^4 pufcefYxnfhjyD; rD;aiGUaiGYESifh
jyKwf&rnf/tcGHrsm;uRwfvmvQif q,fírypfygESifh? tzHk;tkyfíESyfxm;/ a&cef;íqDjyefvmrS csípm;yg/
jyKwfjyD;aemuf a&ESifhrpdrf&? rap;bJaewwfonf/
(vGefcJhaom tESpf 50u (q&m)rif;nGefYa&; csufenf;jyKwfenf;pmtkyf? wefbdk; 3-usyf pmtkyfrS
A[kokwtjzpf aumufEkwfazmfjyygw,f cifAsm)

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