ABUSH Review Way Asians got here during ‘Ice Age’: Bering Strait Land Bridge Growth of Meso-America population due to: Agriculture Crop which became Meso-America staple: Corn Aspects of civilization: Government, Agriculture, Cities, Specialized jobs “3 Sisters': Corn, Squash, Beans Size and density of Native American Natives: Small and spread out Organized confederacy of N.Y. and surrounding areas: Iroquois confederacy Meso-America and ‘America: South, Central Crusaders brought back. from the East: Trade Age of find new water routes: Exploration Slaves first imported to work on plantations: Sugar cane Columbus believed he reached the: Indies| Disease introduced by Europeans: Pox Disease introduced by Indians: Syphilis 3 6's of the confederacy: Gold, Glory, God "Meso-America indians thought conquistadores were: Gods Indians were treated by conquistadores: Poorly English settlement (1607) which was successful: Jamestown Battle which ended Spain’s dominance of the seas: Spanish Armada English failed colony of 1585: Roanoke colonies funded by companies: Joint stock 1608-1610 * “in Jamestown: Starving Saved Jamestown because of his leadership: ohn Smith ‘Ag product which changed America pre- 1800: Tobacco 1 parliament (elected leg.) in North America: House of Bourgeois Maryiand founded as a haven for (religious group): Catholics, Introduced Orinoco Tobacco to North America: John Rolfe Maryland's Act of Tolerance guaranteed religious freedom for: All Catholics Georgia founded as colony for: Deader Indians engaged in ‘mourning wars’ to replenish: Trust Henry the 8" broke the: Roman Catholic Church Kings supported obedience to church and state: Blind Pilgrims were: Separatists| Pilgrims left Holland to avoid: Dutchification The Dutch controled present day city: New York City Salled for Dutch and English: Henry Hudson ‘Mayflower compact-experiment in (democracy): Self-governing Leader of the pilgrims: William Bradford Wanted to remain in the Anglican Sphere: Puritans Believed you did not have to listen to church or state (woman: Ann Hutchenson \Witch tials happened in: Salem Roger Wiliams established: Rhode Island ‘New Haven’ would have been settled for purposes: Religious Only way Indians could defeat English (didn’t happen): Unity Most North American wars ended in. for the indians: FailureVitginia Rebellion supported by landless, poor males: Sacon Rebellion After Bacon Rebellion these servants were replaced by slaves: Indentured Servants The. Passage: Atlantic voyage for slaves: Middle New England economy based on: Ocean Spanish system of forced Indian labor: Encomienda Principle crop of South Carolina: Rice Penn founded as haven for: Quakers Metacom also known as: King Philip, Exchange which brought 3 continents ‘together’: Columbian Highest number of slaves lived in which colony: Virginia ‘These made trade accessible: Rivers Leader of Mass. Bay Colony: John Wintrow \Wars which fueled age of discovery: Crusades Conqueror of the Aztecs: Cortz Beat Columbus to the New World 1100 AD: Settled St. Augustin FLA: Spanish Conqueror of the Inca; Pizaro ‘Fur Wars! among the indians were: Texas Largest non-English ethic group in America 1775: Africans Government of New France controlled by: Monarch Seven years war in Europe is, in America: French and Indian War France lost Jn French and Indian War: Quebec ‘Shots heard around the world’: Lexington and Concord Most Americans Independence: Didn't want Vice Admiralty Courts tried: Smugglers Part of nation with the most wealth: South ‘Who could vote in early America: Land owning men Occupation of most French in New World: Fur traders Only colony established by the crown: Georgia ‘This tax was passed to express Parliamentary supremacy: Tea act Blank search warrant: Writ of assistance Duties: Taxes Most honored profession in Colonial America: Priest Least honored profession in Colonial America: Doctor ‘Molasses for rum for rum for slaves is: Triangular trade Rum traded to: Africa Molasses brought to: New England Slaves brought to: Barbados ‘Tar, pitch rosin, turpentine’: Naval stores Major French colonial export: Fur Navigation laws NOT rigidly enforced: Salutary neglect 1" act passed by parliament to raise taxes in colonies: Sugar act, ‘The stamp act was passed to pay for Britain In America: Troops ‘Taxation without: Representation All Britain subjects are represented in parliament: Virtual representation Colonies must solely trade with England: Navigation laws ‘System where colonies existed to benefit the mother colony: Mercantilism ingsBy 1775 all colonies were colonies: Royal Colonies controlled royal governors by withholding: Revenue Used propaganda to promote rebellion: Sons of liberty Military ruler of Massachusetts: General Gage Religious revival: The Great Awakening Official Church of England: Anglican Must house soldiers: Quartering Act Expanded Quebec into Ohio: Quebec act Closed port of Boston: Boston port act No free elections in Massachusetts: Massachusetts Government act British soldiers tried in England: Administration of Justice Act All of these acts together: ‘intolerant Acts’ Delivered enthusiastic emotional sermons: New lights 1 university to promote theology: Harvard Subject of almost all early schools: Religion Away to readdress grievances with Britain: First Continental Congress Native American chief who led an uprising west of the Appalachians: Pontiac Most Native Americans supports _ England revival preacher: George Whitfield "¥" civilized American’: Ben Franklin Franklin's suggestion to unify the colonies: The Albany Plan Opposition groups: Loyal nine, sons of liberty ‘Traditional preachers: Old ights ‘American revivalist preacher: Jonathan Edwards Capital of New France: Quebec Regulators objected to a: Regressive tax French town of New Orieans controlled by: Mississippi River ‘This river west of the Appalachians was the prize in the French and indian War: Ohio River Delaware Native American prophet who sparked an uprising: Neolin French military leader who was killed in the Battle of Quebec: Montacalm The Great Awakening: The second protestant reformation ‘This was used in the manufacturing of rum: Molasses Rebelled against landlords in Hudson River Valley: Levelers Fort which gave George Washington cannon to transport to Boston: Fort Ticonderoga George Washington's greatest asset in appointing him commander: From the South Most Africa Americans supported the: British Royal governor Dunmar of Virginia offered this to slaves: Freedom ‘Authored Common Sense: Thomas Paine ‘There were most loyalist inthis part of the nation: South Major city British wanted to capture: New York City This victory paved the way for French aid: Saratoga Common Sense advocated: American Revolution Main author of the Declaration of Independence: Thomas Jefferson German Mercs: Hessians First government of the ‘new US’: Articles of Confederation German military advisor to the Americans: Steuben Civilian ‘Navy’: Privateers iin French and Indian War: FrenchState Brits wanted to capture to divide colonies: New York lvasion from Canada led by: Burgoyne Morale boost when George Washington crossed the Delaware and won at: Battle of Trenton Disease which decimated Native Americans, Brits, anc Americans: Small Pox This general was to invade NY from NYC: General Howe Battle where Burgoyne surrendered: Battle of Saratoga First Indian allies: Oneidas French military advisor to the Americans: Lafayette Surrendered at Yorktown: Corn Weall/ British Soldiers who were decommissioned worried about: Money/ pay Creator ofthe American Speling Book: Webster Britain surrendered Florida to the: Spanish Fate of many Native Americans who supported the British: Killed First two ‘battles in the American Revolution: Lexington and Concord “Last battle ofthe American Revolution: Yorktown Most Americans after the war wanted to see more: Paper money Leader of early rebelion against New US Government: Daniel Shades Defeated at Oriskany: St. Legar “America first created 2 navy for: Coastal defense His resolution called for independence: Richard Henry Lee Killed Alexander Hamilton ina duel: Aaron Burr ‘American ship attacked by HMS Leopard: Chesapeake ‘Action taken by US (Jefferson): Embargo Embargo hurt ‘the most: New England Alien Act raised citizenship requirement from 5-__years: 14 XYZ Affair what nation: France Treaty (1795) to try to work out things with England: lay Treaty Winner of the 1800 election: Thomas Jefferson Came into the Union as a stave state (1820): Missouri Most humiliating defeat of the war of 1812 for US: In Washington \Wrote ‘Star Spangled Banner’ at the battle for Baltimore: Francis Scott Key “Treaty ending War of 1812: Treaty of Ghant ‘Who won the War of 1812: No one/ Stale mate Washington's foreign policy: Neutrality Indian Ohio confederacy defeat at Fallen Timbers by ‘mac! Anthony Wane New Orleans hero: Andrew Jackson Rush-Bagot agreement set US/ Canada border at what parallel: 49" ‘The ‘Great Compromiser’ and speaker of the house: Henry Clay Period of ‘Harmony’: Era of Good Feeling Virginia and Kentucky resolutions said states could federal laws: Nullify Thomas Jefferson base of power: Common people Treaty of San Lorenzo, AKA treaty gave US right to navigate lower Mississipp! River: Pinckney President who ran unopposed in 1820: James Monroe. ‘Panic! of 1819 caused too much: Land Speculation “The Prophet’: Tenskwatan Tenskwatan’s Shawnee brother: TecumschConvention where New England threatened to secede: Hartford ‘American's War with Barbary Pirates from: Tripoll Washington's farewell address said: “beware of political parties” People that wanted war: War Hawks ‘Where did war hawks come from: The West Robert Fulton's ‘baby’: Steam engine US industrial ‘pick up’ came first to what industry: Textile ‘Amendment to fix President and V.P. from different parties: 12 amendment ‘What land did the Us want from France: Louisiana Sedition Act to quiet criticism of: Federalists His death crippled the Federalist party: Alexander Hamilton New England competition in the Mills: Old England Old Hickory: Andrew Jackson Two foreign nations causing the US problems: England and France Politician who believed in ‘States Rights’: John C. Calhoun Fort McHenry guarded this city: Baltimore Jefferson immediately repealed the tax on: Whisky Explored Louisiana to the Pacific: Louis and Clark British policy of forced enlistment: Impressment British won more: Land battles US was superior on the: Sea Battle after the war's end: Battle of New Orleans Surge of this feeling after the War of 1812: Nationalism Tax on imports: Tariff Tariffs protect: Manufactures Came in as Free State in 1820: Maine No slavery north of this latitude: 36°30" US western boundary after Louisiana Purchase: Rocky Mountains The US will jointly occupy this territory: Oregon Farmers in Pittsburg could ship goods down the: Ohio River, “Thomas Jefferson tied for president in 1800: Aaron Burr How was the tle broken: House of Representatives US tried to invade: Canada ‘Gap’ the roads west passed through: West Virginia Missouri compromise over what issue: Slavery \which house was even between north and south: Senate Intercourse meant: trade 36°30’: Missouri Compromise Maine and Missouri: Missouri Compromise Fugitive slave law: Compromise of 1850 California comes in free: Compromise of 1850 Bleeding Kansas: Kansas Nebraska Act Tried to ban slavery from any territory won from Mexico: Wilmot Proviso Split this state with England: Oregon Bleeding Kansas: John Brown Uncle Tom’s Cabin: Harriet Bestow Stowe The Liberator: William Lloyd GarrisonThe Underground Railroad: Harriet Tubman The Emancipation Proclamation: Abe Lincoln ncoln’s Party: Republican Compensate slave owners for emancipation: Fred Douglas ‘Architect of the Doctrine of Nullfication: John C. Calhoun Discovered gold in California: John Sutter Prophet of the Seminoles: Osceola Treated worse than slaves in the South: Factory Workers ‘Anti-rish/ Anti-Immigrant party: No Nothing Party You are property and have no rights: Dred Scott First to coin the term manifest destiny: John Lewis O'Sullivan The Alamo: Texas 54°40’ or fight: Oregon Treaty ending the Mexican American War: Guadalupe Hidge Purchased to build a railroad: Gadsden Spanish haven for runaway slaves: Florida Wanted to control which port in Louisiana: New Orleans Western boundary was the Rockies: Louisiana Purchase To expand from the Atiantic to the Pacific: Manifest Destiny The south BEFORE the Civil War: Antebellum South People choose whether to be free or slave: Popular sovernty “End slavery now’: Radical Loyalty to one’s part of the country: Sectionalism Loyalty to one’s nation: Nationalism ‘End slavery gradually’: Moderate abolitionism “The little giant’- debates Lincoln: Steven Douglas Led slave revolt in Virginia: Nat Turner First President of the Confederacy: Jefferson Davis First president of Texas: Sam Huston Female abollutionalist and speaker: Sojourner Truth, Was captured at Harper's Ferry: John Brown People displaced by western move: Native Americans First state to secede from the Union: South Carolina Winner of 1860 election: Abe Lincoln South depended on recognition from which nation: Britain Time period of 1 party and political peace: Era of good feelings Tariff of: Abominations Opening shots of the Civil War fired at: Fort Sumter Case which cause Civil War (1857): Dread Scott Case Cherokee trek to Oklahoma: Trail of Tears, ‘Supreme Court Case favoring Native Americans: Worcester The ‘Lone Star’ republic ‘Mexico claims this river as Texas border: Nueces Plains Indians depended on: Buffalo and Horses US Claims this river as Texas Mexico border: Rio Grande States with slaves but remained loyal to the Union: Border states Jobs open to minorities: driving cattle/ manual labor TexasSeneca falls attendant: Fredrick Douglas Descendants of Mexicans in Texas: tesahos Mexican cowboys: vaqueros Descendants of Spanish in California: Califorrios, Catholic: Irish, Mexicans ‘Began America’s Red Cross during the Civil War: Clara Barton Promoted humane treatment for the insane: Dorothy Dicks Oneida socialist community: John Noyes Invented the ‘nutrition cracker’: Sylvester Graham Reformed education in American: Horseman New Harmony founder (socialist): Robert Owen Walden Transcendentalist: Henry David Through ‘Anti-siave: Abolition ‘Anti-aleohol: temperance/ prohibition Movement to give women the right to vote: suffrage Back to nature: transdentalism Government should control economy aspects of society: Socialism ‘Anti-Immigrant movement: Nativism, ‘Go west young man’: manifest destiny This replaced the horse to pull wagons: oxen Trail to Oregon: Oregon trail The Great American Desert: great plains Mormon state: Utah State of the 49ers: California Major canal in NYS: Erie Canal Mormon City: Salk Lake City Order of the Star Spangled Banner: No Nothing Party Party of Lincoln: republican John Adams was its only president: federalist ‘The GOP: republican Today's ultra-conservative republicans: tea party “you got to fight, forthe right, to party’ [American party named after the loyal opposition to the king: Wig Party The Great Compromiser: Henry Clay Indian fighter and ducler: Andrew Jackson These two explored Louisiana: Lewis and Clark She guided them: Sacagawea 2 women leaders at Seneca Falls: Elizabeth Stanton and Lucretia Mott 19" Amendment named in her honor: Susan 8. Anthony To with draw from the Union: Succeed Document which freed many slaves: Emancipation Proclamation From sea to shining sea: manifest destiny ‘The give and take of politics: compromise Devotion to one's region of the nation: sectionalism Arstates, from the Union: succeeded Extremist abolitionist: radical ‘The peculiar institution: slaveryThe Abominal thing: tariff Major southern cash crap: cotton The right to cancel out a law: nullification ‘The people should decide if a territory should be free or slave: popular sovernty John Brown's rain in Virginia: Harper's Ferry The railroad that wasn’t: underground railroad Harriet Beecher Stowe: white John Brown: white Sojourner Truth: black Frederick Douglass: black William Lloyd Garrison: white Harriet Tubman: black Nat Turner: black ¥* battle of the Civil Wer: Bull Run Bloodiest battle of the Civil War: Antietam Turning point: Gettysburg Key to controlling the Mississippi River: Vicksburg March from to the sea from the Atlantic to the: Savannah Famous sea battle between: Monitor and Merrimac Lee surrenders at: Appomattox “Tardy George’ did not like to fight: George McClellan He stood like a stone wall: Stone Wall Jackson ‘The great compromiser: Henry Clay President of the CS.A.: Jefferson Davis Head of the Radical Republican congress: Thaddeus Stevens Lincoln's 2° VP and 17° president: Andrew Jackson Sec. of State who purchased Alaska: William Seward "North's advantage: technology "North's war strategy: quick victory South's advantages: knew the land/ better soldiers South's war strategy: wait it out South thought they would get help from: France and England Possessed iron clad Merrimack: south Executive order freeing slaves: Emancipation Proclamation Speech hail democracy: Gettysburg’s Address Math plan for reconstruction: 10% plan Goal prior to Civil War: preserve Union Goal ater the Civil War: heal Union Consequence of Lincoln's assassination: Johnson became president Feed, aid, educate, former slaves: Freedman’s Bureau Bill opposed to UJ plan: Wade-David ‘Act dividing conquered South into five sections: Military Reconstruction Act Emancipation Proclamation freed slaves where: confederacy Lincoln didn’t free slaves where: border states Capture Capital: Richmond New state split from old state: West Virginia, Restrictions on blacks after the Civil War: black codes‘Segregation laws: Jim Crow ‘Amendment which emancipated slaves: 13° ‘Amendment defending citizenship due process and equal protection: 14° ‘Act which got Johnson impeached: Tenure of Office ‘Amendment giving black males the right to vote: 15% ‘Who was disappointed in the 15" amendment: women Night riders: KKK. Northerners who went south for opportunity: carpet baggers Southerners who cooperated with carpet baggers: scalawags Northerners who were against the war: copperheads Black union soldiers: buffalo soldiers Wanted swift radical change: radical To charge with misdoings: impeachment Whites viewed Black Codes as a way to: keep blacks in place Southerners viewed the Freedman’s Bureau as a: control system Lincoln viewed the south as never had left Sherman viewed the struggle as: conquer provinces Congress viewed McClellan as: indecisive and weak Johnson supported the Cf whites in the South: property 1 battle of Bull Run foreshadows that the Civil War would be: long. Not only battle wounds killed soldiers so did: diseases Britain did not protest the blockade because of: cotton Blacks were denied the ‘of war when captured by Johnny Reb: conventions After the Emancipation Proclamation blacks could inthe US Army: serve Many in the North said “let the South go” until they attacked: Fort Sumter Lincoln had more power than Davis because the Confederacy was a: loose confederation Telephone: Alexander Gram Bell Telegraph: Morris, Electric light: Edison Assembly ine: Ford United US into a single standardized market: ‘Authored the Gilded Age: Mark Twain 1° sky seraper was in: Chicago Jnvestment banking: J.P. Morgan Oil: John D. Rockefeller Steel: Carnegie Railroads: Vanderbilt/ Rockefeller Men who exploited workers and eliminated competition: Robert Barins Tobacco monopoly in the South: John Buchanan Duke First big business: railroads ‘Example of extracting enterprise: logging/ mining, People who favored the gold standard: gold bugs Act outlawing the restraint of trade (1890): Sherman Anti-trust Act Tried to assimilate natives by giving them farms: Dawes Act Controlling all stages of manufacturing from ore to finished product: vertical integration Process to produce better steel: Bessemer Convention in 1848 NY: Seneca Falls roadsGave ‘Cross of Gold’ speech: William Briant Established 1* settlement house (Chicago): Jane Adams Led a railroad workers strike and was jailed: Eugene Debs Public equated unionism with communism pamphlet intro: Communist Manifesto ‘Organizations’ which recruited new immigrants: political machines Political machines of NYC: Tammnay Hall Boss of NYC (1870): Tweed Custer wiped out here: Battle of Little Big Horn Indian land was valuable because of: gold Dance which scared the white man: ghost dance Point where Union and central Pacific joined: Utah Last ‘battle’ between Native Americans and US Army: Wounded Knee Last indian land give away: Oklahoma Leaders of industry: captions ‘Act which cut off Chinese immigration (1880): Chinese Exclusion Act Cause of Women’s Christian Temperance Union: prohibition ‘jumped the gun’ in Oklahoma: Sooners Safety valve for outlet of surplus population: West Helped build railroads: Chinese and Irish Credit mobilizer scandal involved: rallroads and congress Good general but bad administrator: Grant Age if contrasts; rich vs poor: Gilded age ‘consumer places’ department stores, 1 farmer catalogue: Montgomery Ward Brought down Tweed ring: Thomas Nast Wrote The Bitter Cry of Children: John Spargo Wrote History of Standard Oil: Ida Tarbell Wrote The Jungle: Upton Sinclair Another term for monopoly: trust Survival ofthe fittest applied to society: Social Darwinism Hands off business: laisser faire Private detectives to break strikes: Pinkertons Close plant to workers: lock out 2 Seneca Falls ladies: Elizabeth Stanton and Lucretia Mont Business men who exploited workers: Robert Barins Union including skilled and unskilled workers: Knights of Labor Greenbacks wanted more: paper money Leader of AFL: Gomper Union which looked for ‘bread and butter': AFL. Leader of Knights of Labor: Terrance Powderly Wrote How the Other Half Works: Jacob Rls Riot by Knights of Labor at which square: Hay Market ‘Cross of gold’ candidate (1896): Wiliam Jennings Bryon Political machines preyed on: new immigrants Leave businesses alone: lalsser faire ‘The wealthy supported this standard: the gold standard ‘Authored Huck Finn: Mark TwainInvestigative journalists: muckrakers NYC political machine: Tammany Hall ‘Assembly line man: Henry Ford Motion picture camera man: Edison Muckraker who exposed the ‘jungle’: Upton Sinciair ‘Act to inspect meat (1906): Meat Inspection Act Chinese worked on: Railroads Food and Drug Administration created by what act (1906): Pure Food and Drug Act Telephone man: Alexander Gram Bell The task civilized nations must undertake: white man’s burden People who with anti-immigrant: Nativists ‘Author of A Above: Rudyard Kipling “Open Door’ policy related to: China Former owners of Panama: Columbia Matt Perry opens nations to trade with: Japan ‘Please help us; by the way we hate you’: paradox of power ‘Aeast and Pulitzer spread sensation; a list of stories to help the Cubans: Yellow Journalism Canal built by Teddy Roosevelt: Panama Bought from Russia for strategic reasons: Alaska ago Pago and Pearl were acquired for: stopping points/ harbors Major product of Hawaii: sugar cane Lands acquired from Spain after Spanish American Wer: Puerto Rico, Guam, Philippines Allowed US intervention in Latin America: Roosevelt Corollary ‘American's sphere of influence: Western Hemisphere This ship blew up and caused the Spanish American War: USS Maine Additional rule to the Monroe Doctrine: Roosevelt Corollary Chinese and Japanese settled in: California Old immigrants came from: Northern and Western Europe Russians that were severely persecuted: Jewish Gentlemen’s agreement barred immigrants from: Japan ‘New immigrants came from: Southern Western Europe Fear of foreigners: xenophobia 1920s limits on new immigrants: quotas Reasons for WW1: nationalism, imperialism, alliances Triple Entente: France, Britain, Russia Reasons for American entry into WW1: Zimmerman Note, Unrestricted submarine warfare Con public information dispersed: propaganda ‘Treaty of Versailles made Germany: reprimands, Article 38, Striping of colonies ‘Supreme Court case which limited free speech: Schenck ‘The ‘Big 3': Wilson, George, Clemenceau Most republicans reject treaty of Versailles because of: League of Nations Immediate cause of WWI: assignation of Arche Duke ‘Act limiting free speech: Sedition Act ‘Act prohibition interference with draft: Espionage Act Triple alliance: Austria, italy, Germany ‘Act which limited criticism of war policies: Sedition Act Law which made it legal to impede the draft: Espionage Act© P¥ congress woman: Janet Rankin ‘© Great migration north of: blacks ‘+ Attorney General who ushered in the ‘Red Scare’: Pulmer The ‘Black Scare’ involved which people: blacks Left home to work in industries: women Now communist leader of Russia: Lennon Businessman who helped overthrow Queen Li: Dole