ALAS ES} 78 A E* LEP) EY SHE ASL Bo] — z HR F ae AARE? —. AASEst Simei =. sags Za =. PME AE NTG tee Fo AZ FE BSIIA Ad BEA) 27 AM] 292 Va = ty 2a 2H VAZ7 29 PAA Jo] A ol S84 Psa QE BPA BBA} AFH ISIS FHID IE AL AS PQA Ao] ood F Are. Bey o] UFMISS FHSS Za} BE AAI 7) 22h] Zal7t as B47] AT, 2eAgS A4I=E HRS AEMBE Ac] Bw] BAA lt}. Bayt VAM EIS BH Bo] Whos AL Wedel ag aa AAO] EFM FYE Al 4, UTS AA} Fo] SHOE a] Ste TeAdIo] M7] Atlas BAM. 4 BRS AZ et AA’ Al Fa ANd THI Hey BE PAA ApeRy “* Ene Aga Ge EFERa Ts AIS PLLA (1998.4. 2 as SAAAFH UPS PRAMS FSS Sogipe gs EB VENUT AS FAs BGM old.C570) tt Bl se a 19 Fy Baae FTE ITS ae AWA DYES, bee Be ANVAHE AISA BPS AV] qapst aE] SSE BZ YS Me Vdd SE 9 GEyAS a S54 & BA pace de dae Ade + Me 22 Feelq) Y FUE ASL FE WYSla adds ad ge arg AVS AES MS AOE AR. 6) PET SE A) FV A UAES Baldo: EAS leis] Fad FRE FE yw Ese T= FOE Mola) 2 allt Basle Ache deleh. o) Sea Sis FS SE YER Ae] S Beads 97 So, 2 e]7} F SE) EMMES Fes See gloss y age. Q3s44 £e gov data Ve Jaded ada zs aed, zee] Port 1s) o| Ss} wap] AES ay) Az Me WA) SRS UE $Me BAe] UHH By 3e Wdihs Ni ae st dest dad ws Flee Me 4%] 12¢ 24, stay} atts] le gees das Be AS Hs] AqAgS Wlaw SF oe depy ames] | EA Malo ASS HH Ao] Ysa saps} UHH] APS a ASE Ppl @ Qelete MAI weIS qpspepolets we qa, 4 24] aFEAS as] ysgyeoe ve aso] Y SEIS, 2H UE Phelps BE qe] Me F AF ] SF) F UAE ME SAA ae Aad ata ase MAAS HE Aol ALEMAS BAe, lat deagoa aFAe A UBS BGs] WG Ae] ated. esd @ FAY SAVAGE SE AS As ads Ege west AAI ABN. aso] We baye) Ue le] AgsASE F78de (571) Re AZ AE YR] BY SY HAD YAS] AF, UH 22 MS Ys 4hel dA} Se EA] BAS Bal SS +F Gal Fy ete Bade. A+] AMA FS) PAAZ—AAE 7 Sa} Aalst We 7] Fs} URIS Apa ok e—] Ashe] Pe aqAS HM oecye y AS UZMNE FAIAT WAP BrP4q Ags PAE] a Ads BAVA Ret. AM AzI2] Ugo] Bas Fr}s} Ho] UH EB AFHH, BAH) S42 E549] FAs} Bite] FaA Be W ole. ey ea lod Sxl SAA aba e Aee YEqd wn] 4ALs JF4Le FRE WA] Fda ere ARS Ase [7] WSS BU) 4141 hc. 2A} MS 1960d4 Fo] FYRA HHAB] 27s} wz BT MB RL KAM DAE yet aarp sale] wads} AP} Beep = AAD AAA. AAT} HAE AA, TAVIS AH] gh A we] S4L2 SY 2BBYY FE5 HAS BwYo]aA GER 4 og BAH] Behtoed PEs se He Bye} Aedes Ata. dep] wre] FES BE eae Ay 3 aS; SAF7 AAMS, 2H AZo] PSI} HES HAS See V2] YS ABE Ala Azzse] asgd zo 2 qs, o} Assit] dae abaya sz] onze Be H Sa] AM. o] Aaa yeo] UHR o]Es} YY Eo] Pals F DMCS F279) AMSA, WHIAS UP was uae de Foes) za] =e Ado] aTs|ad Aelc}, Wa, Ho] F UAE Ate] BAAS HAMID ALS AGMA E BAA Ao} Q) AME, 1986 (@F2z%PIAIGH) UA} pl (2) VHA, 1977 <2zHo] HEAB) (BFLZAM sath) (RAS A Sa) ALA BzZBsH pp. 66~68C572) Be M19 = +59 F Ze] Mle] Pad ase FHetye Edy ay Fe UF YESS ECs Mad del FFA. © 0] 850] St BAR EOSAY 2VAS BE AS] Ws} BAP ee} TULSA WH] BUA WA THola Saad ate] Jala SA es} 22YA}sel eo} AS) APG2ga] Eda Ao] 24 Pele] Zo] t Ao] rp. UFf] So] BAS AB ME BAA SE BBIAT1SY Ys E239 VSN4] Fe THA Ft. APA WES 2a apt7] ARS BAe) Mela FH7Z ASE Ys, 714A ab MA Ut VolYy As Adee Agyue Wee W Wa FAS ALS AAMT. AA IFS ATTY OE WAS zat] ARS AVE NLYPLS BEYLSH UY Ape BE UF Bre BE APS, Fe dea BaA BERRA AWS] ES HSE TAHA) ABA ea 4 Slay ABU FA PEST M4 WAS FHA as le J4de. 2 St SHAS UAB, | F 7) a Ho] AAFIRSS UTM Wir wey SE AHH AVS THY LES FE AS UE HEAD KAY B44 4a] G72 AS, F4sHOLAS Ass} args 47 LS DFT] Ssh 7A BAIS Hl AHoHl=E FA AAS AP dase ated + Ve AES FSM Awe!) ARCH, ASA BAS BYR MH] ATS SHR ol Fe] sary) AVAAS F294) AAs 7H ATE] GIA Ate FAs] VI PAZ BIA, Atel U7) ase ae (MRA MM AeA] ~@ ARES, 1952 (le FAs] Dual Organization>(4 + 8) (YAY) 1,2 AAW, 1973 AFBAS7] AME CYA HB) 14 pp, 59~83AASE F7VGE (573) VIBE AVE ATES AAPES YY so] oe FHA = Hutte h4e ANGLE4 Bat ade ay) asel4tza TAAS FA AAS APS, 27S ASH] AD ALT TIE AVE B ops WABMAA EHS) AVS Be Ae] BAS BE AL YEH, ANSS FR4LE Ho] AAS4 SIS He So] 2E Ai SHE TIALS Gad, ae PH, V7 ly = att WISz, FASC Al, AAA, PASI AS AE 2 ls. AF zzts} Age UGSl FE AA a iF 84a AL Ja es asas Yds TAS wart I 2244 Bat LIS FVIE AL He AF4I|EI ASe z arated Fyjoe eagle +l], 2 ddgqd Ase Aas Be EVG Bezel Mela Bat se (S7laie ww Ae zeaa- Ee ateele. zz o] wg ateel 7 2) BF AY Ale) AClman Servi] YS ALA SAEZ SYA (HE YLMGS FAAS V7) AE], Dake aaAspes Bau At 2AS PARE AWS BAe aq sao Be AVS Me VE 7A WSs 2 AY WAS ARsa7y |] t,o] Bat EAS] YALE ABIE FRE Ayase Fa 22 He AASSS FH BHad4 Fa] S71 Gal sete] a Fee Fass] Use] 2 Rl, Pz] AL 2 dISS HBA £2 BAD SA], UFBY Ze] 4 7A Se] SehZ7] ABsjo} SAAATSH UHH] Adt Faz] BAAS Ade Alea a AQ AS ACIS WHE.C574.) th i se He 19 —. AASES} SHEE is7ode) UF] Bhh9] SAA PEOe AE FY, GIS VEZ AMA BANE 1856 Helo] Yala alajs|yae ass] sf Ade) Aad PeARHS AA. Aso] Sd rFalg] APZS ATS AAG HAS Bade dts 2 FE Y4a) AME FAS AAS] UAH) AA Age + Yd. azo} tz We] (Tylor)2] Primitive Culture(ig71)9} 2=2b(Morgan)2} An- cient Society(1877)°] +}. Azz Sad AGAAS Sloe, Fah= AFMES FILS EIADTNZ ARS AAME EALS Vols Bel Belch. les] Eat Fal AspSolee SS mes + aot EAS NE ANY BBE) dAwddada Fye) fo} uo. [Aaa zee), ela Fee], 22]z [19417] PUA} AS] Agel E ABRS S28) ds zZ ME Ao] Hz BES AHEA Alt. TE Fp] Saad 73] S53 S74 Wale Bla ASS ZF] BAe] Alyx, zB EAE oe} BAe] GE PAS AAA ASE Aol ag SPS At. sayz Ir EAL Ya ACEngelso) a} a] sf wiles F45Az, l¢ ass Wess asad a ol. THAAD, 1 Pol Ay Hel s}o] ok 194] 7] ABHEA}ES] LHS AVHFE Go] SRA FS HMle] [SS ACIS ol Hay] aay AMA BRAI ABS ASA MMe) Bolt agp BVA FA, dodo alzto olerwAS WHE Boles), >} (4) Morgan, Lewis 1877, Ancient Society, Chicago: Charles H. Kerr,AASES F7HVGE (575) HASHES Ste ME MASI wads] agg sae & PS ee MAS SIS FWA Aol. 2 ago yl ASUAA Bass] Se ASW Meets) Ede as ARAL, HAA CYA AM He Deo] 19} aa}eo}] +43] AFELE FEAAA Bole} alt= dablee Sy} aeag Ad Asaye] ZS%te] AAPA GIFS woh doz aye BS SHE Aol. o] PAWS USA A] RBS ABH] BA] 7 AAA 204)7) 2 FILS REMC Se, tase, AXE $1] UFPES YEA, Oo] FANE 190d 7a) aS AA. WAAFESS BAP] Hed FHI WHE EA o AE E59] WSS ASE LAL YzZIe Ws7l Az, 1040 WA 1A FAS (White, Steward) 204]7] 22) yal s}Zo] a] a ws Ads EPA AHG=S4 AAV] AVSSS ATM we] tH. © o] Ro] be Ae] ESteward)S FYLZ SHE Iebiteeaes] S ale, o] EIS E4SS "SF ddd S44 SFE ez BE LAR ABS DEM} Paso] qe vy wgsge zs AAAS] THQYAT AAP v} ge. Oo 2A ASS BAIA AMAIA THY Mage lo] Be 7] DAG1sa, 84, AMSA, ASS ADS AVIS, ? ASE PASS] ETtSS 2 yl 7) dae] ASAAA S442 4 EMA Beir. o] PAYA] AW BYE ZAB Ahoy faye (5) Service, Elman 1971, Cultural Evolutionism: Theory in Practice, New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston, p. 9, (6) Steward, Julian ed. 1946~+1950, Handbook of South American Indians, 6 vols., Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office. (7) Steward, Julian 1955, Theory of Culture Change: The Methodology of Multilinear Evolution, Urbana: University of Illinois Press,C576) & i & m& 19 34 SE+FE [levels of sociocultural integration)°] += 71g 249 aH 2 3) MAS THA YWNECEA Malady Se Sgoz 3 = ESTA (culture core)3} 0] 3-9 (secondary features) T8bo} 7p 43) BE TH SUITES WHE AIUFS BAI 2S SARA Alt. Ae] ys APE BE BS) a ECultural ecology)>} Aso, AES +s] das} obey, Esa 3 asst] te] SYTTL AG eee aad + Mehe =} 3(multilinear evolution) $ a] BAMeb. © BH EHASEALTS) cp Aas: AWS AFL ASA Vy F$eFqIS dapesl ASA SAE AAI WIA Alea dads + Ar}. o} AAI LAPEASL PAIS Ashe Aelal, Baas (universal evolution) & A+ Rel oye}. 8) So] E(White)2] Yd 4] HS Oo] BAAS alas SPVAIE KANYE AL Ay Bast Ad 292 a 4Aassy AL Fej7jo) 4S La A SUFES TEMES BPI VAs ME UHA14A AB AABZ 7] AFH, ALS BAe] gel Sag_olaye AL aa BIZ IGE ALS YA Bart We. sayz waalss Gags SY AMS FAxGablinsel] Jalal 72 Cease} SHalsbepe a Wee BARA. 14a HBA MAD] 3) 27 Oberg =e] ofl a] Ho] et AA BAS SALE ME AFIEAY BHAT] Be SaSap ui eas Vase Bete), AT VITF+ ATE] Ja gaz “() Steward, 1955 4 (9) White, Leslie 1959, The Evolution of Culture, New York: McGraw- Hill, (10) Sablins, Marshall 1960, “Evolution: Specific and General,” Marshall Sablins & Elman Service eds, Evolution and Culture, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press: 12~44, p.38,AABES F7BIE (577) A Se aazAoS selso] FAA Yao] Ae Bess (homogeneous tribe, segmented tribe, politically organized chiefdom, feudal type state, city state, theocratic empire] | 4] % vu} Qe. 0» AREA ALS] SUFES AGS] Wete] 2.41 (Shoshone) Se bandz TAIRA A Vs S27 Yr] CHIPS 298] Mate] WLU tribe, chiefdom, statee BAe) Sa, ey] 27} a] 4] %t band, tribe, chiefdom, states] 4ls}=24Jo] Yee Aelrp. S734 BAe 22 ME BAP} EA W Aes ge RE Ad A9 AMES 2 AAS BABE AL AINE Fadel ex. Yztch, 2 1962:do] Primitive Social Organizationo] 2} = BES DAT oF Meh. co) Ala ze 29 Fv lVEAS] BIS ATAVE ZIVRR SAS assr} 220] v}z band-tribe- chiefdom-state-industrial societyo] >}, 02) 2 oj] z= Be} a] 7} of} tela] Ages Me. was 9) [7s dads (Aaqce SS $99 FU2e4 we Ala AGdoe dad Ace we Ws] Heel AS FIs Ad. | 29) AAs WS14 Ae of Ja FAD FAA Alte WHS AAVAD Yor, yas Awa) WAS Fee Ualss] dale Ute 443] 24 aul o} EFTALSA 1AM AAS AAAS VU. Ayes le F749 WSs AV LAAL, We] a Ganders) s+ ZO] A(Priceec)E 2 7S SHS} AR] SIAR AGE vp gh “(1D Oberg, Kalervo 1985, “Types of Social Structure among the Lowland Tribes of South and Central America,” American Anthropologist 37:472— 487. (12) Service, Elman 1962, Primitive Social Organization, New York: Random House, p. 182. (13) Service, 1962 244C578) Re i 19 3, SHE Pried) E 2 7AM AVASS AYE vb WO ay BA ASE Ala EA] APE AYA Boze 2 Eo] US4 Ags WSS BE FAA FAS AAAS, band-tribe- chiefdom-stateS 4)A}aJol4] wea s}e] Ss 14924 Bales Bays Sz Met. 0 zeyeo WE gale Ajya7t AAgqd Ads Agta a4 -ad- aly] $3) WAS PAD Mee Aes, F 2] ASS) ASS} (otratification) UA 20] 7] BE band} tribe state He Baz] ts SUA AMMA ENA + AE Ie Aalst ZU. 2 Agee 2 simple egalitarian-rank-stratified-state2] 7- 2E AAS A BAS A toby BEE Ao}y|a7} ajay = tribe AS) HTYS VEMA AAMAS Yr. 7 waco] Haag, #3] S952 Ne tribee AL YR 19 UFW4Nl 7} ATS ay WAL Alaa] pabetell 4] aad fe] av] PS [secondary tribe)o] >}, ©] ola] HSS Yo] Ba AFAb 9] Sse] 4} aohy7] Aste] US 4} ASAzo! yehsd Aelep, 252 2 la PSS] Sl Sea Aad Ao] ype USAsa Bele. So} ola YFolee Ae Mados Zay dees] Balt ob et AFRlAbS 7} 4]Fh3] S29] Yash gal A VAALS AAD Aol7) AE, SAA Ady Asst + oh = Mel oye Fae] BE} AHR Ee Bapolr}. BE = ay HS Ade] Bala, AS Ad 42e HS HGS [M24 7S |(pristine tibe)o]F WIZ Aas ge. Fo] Me (14) Sanders, William & Barbara Price 1968, Mesoamerica: The Evolution of a Civilization, New York: Random House. (15) Fried, Morton 1967, The Evolution of Political Society: An Essay in Political Anthropology, New York: Random House. (16) Sanders & Price, 24 p.509] a= aa (17) Fried, Morton 1975, The Notion of Tribe, Menlo Park: Cummings.AAMEH FABYAE (579) A DSS As AA FSG Ale}. BAS AG FAL A FCLeacock)] JAANE AAS UZ Mr. YA VS AHS] FA AoE AS Ada] APE A APS SAM 2el7] AT ol, S741 sb] Me PIS HS Crib) AWS See AS WSAA AZ LAA APS Wess Aol. je lat SIASS AAD 27} AMA 7s ade AVE A ¢]»] AX 19714] Cultural Evolutionisme] ¢ AS AS ASA. o} AS] Aeq ze Alo] AAR BAS Ad WS14q BH o} #28 Al ABA Ade AS] AAS AdeteE AAS Alo) ts} Elo], band-tribeG He] 4] egalitarian societye}2 t= Ze] =} 38}c}, chiefdoms} primitive state] BAS BAY Ao]ee ASS Ba Meh Aelulate ala} bands} tribe Fe} 2] segmental society2} AAHE Ao] For, loerde] aAl|Ad 2 BY & Aswad =S ALB Alas AM. Asa, 2B goa dFolal 1S)4 ABE AL 1] AFEVY 84Ee7] WE) ys, ayr ae F$Al2 34 AAA SAS BAA egalitarian society-hierarchical society-archaic civilization (Classie Empire) 4} sdZ WYA AS Vex arp. ev Ax AWA FAA WAS E AAA BY FAA oF} gee ast Aaa eheol4] Bsa tribe WY SF4, 2az band-tribe-chiefdom-stateo] v] P40] SYR AAS] BAIA aeqer AFH 77} 1a AN SIA AF 2 Ale] AAW AAs =B Ae] FS Ale. AelyAs} 7-e] Able] Yay Bee (18) Fried, 1975 24} p.97@# 1-3) (19) Service, 1975 24} p. 304 (20) Service, 1975 249 p. 304 (21) Service, 1971 &44 p. 157C580] te i st B19 HE RE Ally a ale] 7a s_qs] a7) dala As aqee FE UF AAS aaAAS 3444 Yoda PPOs F HER Roe Pade. gues, bande AS 2h E7} ag) ER4 FETEN ANS AV] Ml AA AAD FTES AZ BSW Aoe)x, tribe-chiefdom-state= @u] 227} Yu]2} 3} = F84LS Lb] MAA AMM AS 7AAes Page =& AAR] AE ALz Solad4. Wat Hae] 4 7B] ae Lally Ags 7H zwea}el S 4 2] (Flannery)7t £719] AVHEZ94U AMA chet F7peE AAAAY VAM] Zl] SAS RFS, Aolyagy zal =} 4} AABa WAES Sesto] egalitarian society-chiefdem- stratified society (state)=}= 7}94] BYS Be} Ys} F-)ol chiefdomo] Be AS Arla AS Bad. |S Fadel Spee =e A} ZA Lal BAe] F7}-YAo]eE Fal] QAs= Ao]rj, AAFEVFE RE Aalst} Spas Ee AW Fxyoe yp ESE ROBY AS 4A7 UE ELE wWet-Eejal Bele. wf HAL ST 7PB Ao] BR ES BE Abel PTH + 6] case} ABS SZ YD 7] AE, FAasHe] Hale ul 6] 72) eg] 7h MS Aah. 4d Fae Als AIS qaqa 2 vse aes BAe} Use] usr}, ae]z o} 7Ae} o] 9) daz Bae} KAT ABA AHAlel] aA M7] zie UPEAS] BIS Bz EAE ESHA. WGK] SY Atte] Sols He ALCu eed Ft Habla) 7A Se A) 48h] E22 AMIE BQ (22) Flannery, Kent, 1972 “The Cultural Evolution of Civilization,” Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 3:399~426, pp. 401~403.AASE FABVAEZ (5817 ol dad Bt] ZYS Blyz, WIE ol Eset wot S4Ad Ae] S42 ADIAE aso yeaqe Be Esp] Ede £4, 2220 AMARA BAAS Fae] ageae VE Ade 323) SEd). 24ST MF] e Beuoa qyse Bl HS VES] Ee Ro] 2 7s} ol SS HS Gs E Ss} dae WIS We M7] AS, 74s} Fs} Pee Qaep AAS 7st 9] G0] aye] RAAT Aled. Fay gz FA TSTSHA Ae] MAAC Fay + Ve ol zoe wa 2) MAAS TSE AE ES] SFYS SH HPE dS oz Se AS Dak Be poy, =. S77 MElS He THY Aaser Sa} del FH2 Oe Me dep Fe das ee ao Bad AQ] F715] Qo] BY Weld. 2 Fao] gage 7s Has 2a] FAS HEE] 2 Ard Fase ME A Aart U4 4) Seale BEM A gd dey dyqow WE ASEM A sey AR] FePee aay, o) op AAS 2H) AFI] Yee yar} Ady deze aga g AZ A MAL IRS VIaAAY wxeHo] ole yooe az AVE VIL Be AC HF Sas veto] da. lel adag AAT $5} Dol, WFBM] AFYHS qt] uavzoe y FLY SE Mt utes AVS guy He Zo sag BAS Ma, eB AL PHA Ispgol aq Fa, og Jee AEG Pos 2 ARS Bas dd) BS} AEE SyHygQE S99 ASE SAF AG, eT AEs Jqyaog go] @(582) oR RR se a 19 Fy 2ays} zeae] Braoletst Bzpale}. te] zo] eM A] Ato 4S) Ase] AZ] USXIE Frage] Ae EAs Aa3Z Ah S78 8o] es Fal7t ze} zeal A-TSz] Soka BR Ay a] AAR FpPwS} SA] [4] F443] BSF} FS Ya IH orl, 0) Sao} ARVOZ bP MAG] Wopweyal sole >) ASAI BYS ARID ALE YP Wa Meda S798] BM SYS ques Saad Ae) vz Ao}y] Zs] band- tribe-chiefdom-statee}st Yalu}. ae]x 0] Ased was = FAQS HEHE Bras Baad psol JAA 2a [else] E122 VAIS Ao] Vena sede Al Gas 7 eh. Wa UBS BALE a7] HE pHs WE BAE AT Ae Sete dds) BAe AS BA] S48 doe 4 del7] Agel, BAe ZA ATAUA So] ULME EAA AU LAAs SYA RE FEMA BU] YAS UAT Me. oe] a Hades US) 77] Meo} Bap} asses ae Age Aaq, 4a, 6 J FL, ON FEB Zo) rh, 47] AtAS YASS 2 AA Hey F re] SFE 4a = Ut. Adyas BAS Adz Fes] B94] AAS AE @3) AAS, 1964 Faq SPD (LTE DL GLE dob) DAA TRSEH pp, 455~546 (24) Za, 1973 dee (25) QAM, 1986 CEFRAS] Fras VAY ed Asse (26) SRR, 1987 FAA At (SRS FA AVMAS Or mus inter pares) 7+ oh]>} e} ol vim + ME ERI Saae] @ = BA Als. S ARF] A EMS] 219% chiefdom} 4 chief FAAS BARLS sole YE Aol. AAAS Qapse F AAPA AA PAA) chiefdoms} FAQ BEF7} Aol = a Al Aol7t FYE Bo] r}, or G6) F¥2 ABA Polynesia’| paramount chief] Abs ses 2 HAASE AALS HE ALS wofok rp. (67) Wright, H.T. 1977, “Recent Research on the Origin of the State,” Annual Review of Anthropology 6, pp.379~397.AABEW FAGIE (597 J eed AEarle)o} AAR F-F4}3)-chieldom-ARF7}9] ys a FAA] BAS ASS + AS AMA? AoA aaal wohok Bp EMA] HFApS PHS Relep. He] Eo] Maal Fawn Pex) Zo] AAG BYLS ribeye AQ} 22] FAS We FE gry ae 2 GIES SILS the AAS BEB 7+ Bssle] Wald | SF AIS PAS BAM, HFE7 ara Ms Pa So AMS MISS sabe] 4S9 + Yorts er. Aya gy AHS Ae SHA FFA E Bo] HE YFSs} SUS ay A AD MAA AAPA ALS AF 717} VAL RL Gas At DEG StH G4e Fades ay Aasye 43) WSHB°] AAA ade] a7] PHS eA AL BYs] Azol, of Ae BRIA SAE aA Red fo] apes jo] A gS chiefdoms} HAAS AYAHSAAY FAIFELS MARE Ao] fyotepz g AAT, tes +Fx} chiefdoms F7}4}3) 7+ Aso] YE AS] HAE Web os yeh Pade A Paa gel de Beal Goldie? AE PMH, HS ae HEAL ae wal AB Assia FEE es ee + Qe. ae] Be=S DBLYAVZPH| MR] vjejaay o) pps 49] A994 SF BAA 249 AAS Asp] vse 2S BS) EAS AAW STE USB, o] PSaypo] Aes7=z Aas] = AAT IAS ALS AAW! FE Md. Fedo] aad ag Ste Ade] oo] $Sage ase Ros saya Foy gal “Wright, H.T. 1978, “Toward an Explanation of the Origin of the State, Ronald Cohen & Elman Service eds., pp. 215~230. ASEM, 1986 2©= pp. 300~391 (68) Godelier, Maurice 1977, Perspectives in Marxist Anthropology, Camb- ridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 89.C598] ok sb i 19 H PRS77+ VASES WAYS E Alea we, Jpeve 3} tHe] Feele] so} olaHSo] Ayal} ese Age A lt. le Ale HE AUS FS MAE AY Aacay Je J99 TIE BMGs B+ alee] Mal] chiefdome eye] a EANZ AME AAS oP] AFA vbelep. spepal Alas Es] 7] SdH Saal tad 4Aase AWS dsdez24, Weaq4y A lela F7gae 444 349) 44 Soy zyad $e Is A 2B BUT. [OAM JO FAY Bel ol] A] chiefdoms} Ae} Z VMAS AVE US FMA, o] BAS FHA chieldomaz aS FASE FE Se] 4OH2 AVES YZ az Bp ENF 4S Ale BA, ae asl Seca, Yams] EBs, 1 SF] [HAI ALE [HAAS 2h2h0] AWA es chiefdome] eH 3] YE SHE ge] ole, chiefdoms]: Aso] Ye 3YAWESo] Be 4] BFSEZ lease Ae. oP a, Feri] GE EGES 4S F QE Fe] GAS arse] (Saal, (Hapa) aA, FEss dae 22Ag)2 chiefdome] pe 44} so} ATH Vt AAA SAY +4 aeseo] FE Bole. S 7s] BAtads SE SHE SH EIS] Mo. Frat A & UBM AGS ASHORE OF] AE, tA AAA yal A AVS SA Bo} LAH} (city-state) ZBAS7}(village-state)S 2 Be BF} ale BARE AL FS AAA Bho] apa BAe ANA, SAE AL FE YS AA Bb] Sal A asd THE GUESS qyoe AeF7} ee a9} FH (69) Maisels, Charles 1987, “Models of Social Evolution: Trajectories from the Neolithic to the State,” Man 22, pp.331~359.AAS F7QAE ( 509) AR AES SAE ENE) ES] AF MS Age. 2qzz At AQ ASE Aeyaeasead ase] Saha dase Jos AH AALS BAIA FEE chiefdoms SUA YF 2A tHe FE ldo] Mas FMS Ale. steel ASs7ts AS chiefdoms} 743} HAA)A URE ME Al, ERRLZE AF} Qa = a chiefdome] 2 +43) E21 A>}E4] 39a] SF Web. Fee VA AAS VEAL FEI BIA Ael7] Ase, S22 FARA AR Azo] Ja] FEE Mas} Aas Wolke Ades Eye. Be 8 Baye P77] SHS APIZ EVE AGIA. RARE Ga aaa to aA SHS AZ Me +9 lit po]eozo Aa Bell AE V7} FU} AWD ME AMPS Ferploy We SIS EME AZ, BALE 2AIMFSS BAS te Fg AL AFAAS FIBA IE FLYAES ANAS EA A UA ae Pea Be Role. 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