ETABS

Extended

Three dimensional Analysis for Building System

********

SYLABUS:
1. Introduction & Modeling :
-Introduction
- Objects
- Templates
- Floor Information
- Modeling / geometry
2. Material & section Properties :
- Material Properties
- Section properties
- Wall/Slab/Deck sections.
3. Draw and options :
-Drawing of point, line and area objects.
- Reference lines and Planes.
4 . View, selection & Options :
- View Management
- Object selection
- Options and Preferences.
5. Assignment --Structural options :
- Point object assignments.
- Line object assignments.
- Area object assignments.
6. Assignment Loads
- Load cases- Dead loads/Line loads/
Wind loads/ Earthquake loads.
- Load Combinations
- Load assignment.
7. Analysis :
- Analysis options .
- Analysis log.
8. Text & Graphical output :
- Text output
- Un deformed shape and load plots.
- Deformed shape and result plots.
- Energy plots.

9. Editing option :
- Cut, Copy and Paste.
- Replicate.
- Frame and area meshing.
- Point and line extrusion.
10. Text input and File Export / Import :
- Text input file
- Export options
- Import options.
11. Concrete Design using Indian Code IS 456- 2000:
- Design of concrete beams and columns.
- Design of Shear Walls and lintels.
- Design of Composite Beam.
12. Steel Design using IS 800-2007 :
- Design of Steel members.
- Optimization options.
****

ETABS CABABILITIES
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

o
o
o
o
o

Construction sequence analysis.

Push over analysis.
Shear wall design.
Live load reduction for upper floors.
Earthquake forces can be applied in anu angle (not just X and Y
alone)
Modeling tapered concrete beams.
Floor load for irregular panels, that is easy to do.
Design of columns with cross section of any arbitary shape (including
Y, L, +)
Diaphragm action.(with earthquake loads and wind loads
automatically applied on the diaphragm centre)
Automatic lumping of masses for earthquake .
Choice of Eigen or Ritz vector for Response spectrum analysis.
Auto calculation of beam reinforcements based on moments at
column face, rather than at column centre line and column
reinforcements based on moments at beam soffit, rather than at
beam centre line.
Rigid Panel zone modifier.
Facility for design as per IS 13920 (Ductile drtailing)
Additional software for foundation design especially mat (SAFE
software).
Not support for sloping roofs.
ETABS uses matrix method of structural analysis.
(Staad also uses Matrix method of structural analysis & FEA for
plates.
3D rendering in ETABS:
Go to view menu Select set building view options. In first column
button, check Extrusion and object fill.
Disadvantages :
ETABS can not generate floor loads. You have to model slabs as plate
element & mesh it and apply floor loads on it. Otherwise modeling and
rebar detailing is far easier in ETABS.
ETABS documentation gives no details of the solver it uses other than
referring to it as standard solver.

ETABS TIPS
*****
1. Analysis options :
ETABS has many analysis option which includes
- P delta analysis .
- Dynamic analysis
- Eigen vectors analysis.
- Ritz vectors analysis.
- Linear analysis.
- Non linear analysis.
- Static Non linear analysis.
- Construction sequence analysis.
2. Locking and unlocking the model :
From Main menu Option Lock model / unlock
Check model :
Before running analysis use check model to ensure that objects do not
overlap and that objects are connected.
From Main menu Analysis Check model ---3. Editing the model :
Edit edit grid data.
edit storey data.
edit reference plane.
edit reference line.
Add model from template (2D frame or 3D frame).
merge areas.
Joint lines/ Joining selected beams or selected columns.
4. Text/ Graphical output :
To view loads :
From Main menu Display Show loads Frame /Line --To view design info :
From Main menu Design Concrete frame design Display design
info.
To view other Tables :
From Main menu Display Show Tables Select required boxes.
Exporting the files :
From Main menu File Export Save model as etabs.e2k text file
(like a Staad editor file )
We can also export to SAP or SAFE or Excell data base or .dxf file.

Importing the file :

From Main menu File Import ETABS.e2k. Text file or Staad file
or Struds.
Options/Preferences:
From Main menu Option Preferences Concrete frame design
(Select code and other parameters)
- Shear wall design
- Reinforcement/bar sizes (add new dias or modify existing)
- Live load reduction.
Auto saving the model :
From Main menu Option Auto save model set time Ok.
Loads :
Combination of existing loads
- Envelope of combinations.
To draw Column or beam to required location :
There is no move command here. Set snap grid on and draw column or
beam any where we want.
To draw secondary beam at required distance
Set plan view to required floor in left window Right click on the
screen (not on the slab) Plan fine grid spacing Plan fine grid
spacing =500 (say) Ok. From Main menu Draw Snap to
Fine Grid From Main menuDraw line objects Draw line
Property = --- (Moment release=Pinned and draw the beam at
required distance.
To get out from line grid (above option):
Draw Snap to Fine grid.
*****

ETABS
Extended

Three dimensional Analysis for Building System

Example 1:
No. of stories
No. of bays in X Direction
No. of bays in Y Direction
Spacing in X Direction
Spacing in Y Direction
Typical Storey height
Basement height
Concrete Grade
Steel Grade
Column Sizes C1 (Corner Column)
C2 (Side Column)
C2 (Inner Column)
Beams
B1
B2
PB
Slab
Thickness

: G+3
:2
:3
: 3500
: 4500
: 3000
: 2000
: M20
: Fy415
: 230 x 300
: 230x 380
: 230x 460
: 230x 330
: 230x 406
: 230x300
: 125mm

B1

B2

C2

C1

4500

B2

B1

B2

C1

B1

B1

B1
C2

B2

C3

B2

4500

C2

B2

B2
B1

C2

C3

B2

4500

C2

B1
C1

B2

B1
C2

3500

C1
3500

BEAMS:
B1 = 230 X 330
B2 = 230 X 406
PLINTH BEAM - PB 230 X 300

COLUMN:
C1 = 230 X 300
C2 = 230 X 380
C3 = 230 X 460

3000

STOREY-5

B1

B1

B1

B1

B1

B1

PB1

PB1

3000

STOREY-4

3000

STOREY-3

3000

STOREY-2

BASE

2000

STOREY-1

BEAMS:
B1 = 230 X 330
B2 = 230 X 406
PLINTH BEAM - PB 230 X 300

STEP BY STEP PROCEURE:

STEP 1: (Creation of geometry)

COLUMN:
C1 = 230 X 300
C2 = 230 X 380
C3 = 230 X 460

Open ETABS Program.

Set the units of the model in the drop down box in the lower right hand
corner of ETABS window , click the drop down box to set units in N. mm.
From Main menu File New Model Select No.
Building Pan Grid System and Storey Data Definition will be displayed.
Uniform Grid Spacing
No. of lines in X Direction =3
No. of lines in Y Direction =4
Spacing in X Direction
= 3500 mm
Spacing in y Direction
= 4500 mm
Simple Grid Data
No. of stories
=5
Typical Storey Height
=3000 mm
Bottom storey height
=2000 mm
Select Grid only button OK.
Note: You can change Grid spacing by choosing Custom Grid spacing, for
column varying spacing then click Edit Grid you can also change any storey
height by choose Custom Storey Data, then click on Edit Storey Data.
Go to Main menu Edit Storey data Edit Storey.
Grid
No.
6
5
4
3
2
1

Label
Storey
Storey
Storey
Storey
Storey
Base

5
4
3
2
1

Height

Elevation

3000
3000
3000
3000
2000

14000
11000
8000
5000
2000
0

Master
Storey
Yes
No
No
No
No

Similar to

Storey 5
Storey 5
Storey 5
None

Change units N.mm.

STEP 2: (Define Material Properties)

Spice
point
No
No
No
No
No

Spice
height
0
0
0
0
0

From Main menu Define Material Property Add new material

Material Name =M20
Concrete cubic comp. strength fck =20
Bending Reinforcement yield strength fy =415
Shear Reinforcement yield strength fy =415 Ok Ok.
STEP 3: (Define Frame section)
Define Beam:
From Main menu Define Frame section Add rectangular Material
name =M20 (select) Section Name=B1
Dimensions:
Depth (3) =330mm
Width (2) =230mm
Click reinforcement
Select Beam
Concrete cover to rebar center Top = 41 mm (clear cover(25mm)+stirrup
dia (8mm)+Dia. Of rod/2 (16/2)
Bottom =41mm Ok Ok.
In the same manner define other beams B2 and PB.
Define Column:
Add Rectangular section Name =C1
Material name = M20
Dimensions :
Depth (3) =330mm
Width (2) =230mm
Click reinforcement
Select Column
Select Rectangular
Ties Rectangular
Cover = 56 mm (clear cover(40mm)+Dia of stirrups(8mm)+Dia. Of rod /
2(16/2))
Bar size =16 d
Corner bar =16 d
Reinforcement to be designed Ok Ok.
In the same manner define column C2 and C3.
Define Slab:
From Main menu define Wall/Slab /Deck section Add New slab
Section name = S1
Material name = M20.
Membrane
Membrane =125 mm
Bending =125mm

Select Membrane Ok Ok.

STEP 5: (Drawing Beams, Columns and Slabs)
Drawing Beams:
From Main menu Draw Draw line objects Create lines in region
Property = Select required beam size B1
Click or Select the beam B1 in Plan view (Left window) (with similar storey
option) and select all beam B1.
Change Property = Beam B2 size and click on beam B2 (with Similar storey
option) Select Plinth beam Property =PB and select all Plinth beams in
Storey 1 in plan view (Left Window) with one storey option Close.
Drawing Columns:
From Main menu Draw Draw line objects Create column in region
Property = C1
Select or Click on the column joints in Plan view (Left window) with similar
storey option. If necessary change angle =90 Change Property =C2 and
C3 and click on respective column joints Close.
Drawing Slab:
From Main menu Draw Draw area objects Create areas at click (Draw
areas) (Plan) Property =S1 Click on the periphery of column joints and
press enter (With similar storey option).
Note:
To view the assigned beam in plan
Select Set Building Objects on top of Tool bar.
Select Line sections under object view options.
Ok.
To view the rendered view
Set Building view objects on top of Tool bar
Line section.
Special Effects:
Object Fill
Extrusion
Apply to all windows Ok.

STEP 6:(Assigning Support Condition)

Set Base floor Plan view in left window Set Column points (with mouse)
From Main menu Assign Joint/Point Restraints (supports) Select
Fixed Ok.
To view Support assigned
From top Tool bar Set Building view option
Visible in view
Supports Ok.
Go to Elevation view 1 and view . For other views click arrow at top of
tool bar.
STEP 7: (Defining Loads)
1.Gravity Loads (Dead Load & Live Load)
From Main menu Define Static Load Cases
Load = SDL (Super Imposed Dead Load)
Type = Dead
Self weight multiplier =0 Add New Load Ok.
Load = Wall
Type= Dead
Self weight multiplier =0 Add New Load Ok.
Note:
For Self weight multiplier will be 1 for beams and columns of dead load. For
all other loads, it will be zero.
Assigning the Loads:
Activate left window and set to Plan view Activate or select similar storey
option (at bottom) and select all slabs
From Main menu Assign
Shell / Area loads Uniform
Load case name =SDL
Uniform load
Load = 1.50 Kn/m2 (units Kn.m)
Direction Gravity Ok.
In the same manner assign Load case name = Live
Uniform load
Load = 2.0 Kn/m2 (units Kn.m)
Direction Gravity Ok.
Assigning Wall loads:
9 wall load = 12Kn/m (For external or outer beams)
41/2 wall load=6 Kn/m (For internal beams).

In left side window select all outer beams in top floor by setting similar
storey options and view the status bar to know no. of beams selected
From Main menu Assign Frame /Line loads
Distributed Load case name = wall.
Unit Kn.m
Forces
Direction Gravity
Uniform load=12 Kn/m
Replace existing loads Ok.
In the same manner apply 41/2 wall udl load to internal beams by setting
all floor options.
To see the load assigned :
Right click the particular member corresponding load Ok.
Note:
For point load :
From Main menu Assign Joint/Point loads
Load case name =Dead.
Units Kn.m.
Replace existing loads
Forces Global =10 Kn Ok.
2. Wind Loads :
In ETABS there are two ways to define lateral loads (Wind, earth quake).
Built in option will automatically calculate lateral loads as per available
design codes.
Define wind load parameters as per IS 875 --Part 3 (1987)
From Main menu Define Static Load cases
Load = X or Y
Type = Wind
Self weight multiplier =0
Auto Lateral load =IS 8751987 Add New Load Select wind X
load and click on modify lateral loads to specify required wind load
parameter. As per IS 875 Ok Ok.
Creating dummy areas with property =None
Set required elevation view in right window From Main menu Draw
Draw area objects Draw rectangular areas Property = None
Click on the perimeter of area and press enter.
Foot Note: Apply wind load for selections.
To select wind area
Main menu Select By area object type select none Ok.
Assigning wind loads
Select drawing area of required elevation From Main menu
Assign Shell/area loads Wind Pressure coefficients

Wind load case name =Wind X

Coefficient Cp= - (Change if required) Ok.
To see wind load selection
Set Building view option
Area section
Line section Ok.
3.Earthquake Analysis
In building, slab is considered as single rigid member during earthquake
analysis.
Select left side window.
Select all slabs by setting all floors/ similar storey option From Main
menu Define Diaphragms Select D1 Modify/ Show diaphragms
Select Rigid Ok Ok.
Define Mass Source
As per IS 1893-->2002 25% of Live load is considered on all floors of
building.
From Main menu Define Mass source select From Loads
Load =Dead; Multiplier -->1.0 Add
Load = Live; Multiplier =0.25 Add
Load =SDL; Multiplier =1.0 Add
Load = Wall; Multiplier =1.0 Add Ok.
Define Earthquake Load (Static Method)
From Main menu Define Static Load cases
Load =EQX
Type = Quake
Default Multiplier =0
Auto Lateral load = IS 18932002
Add New Load Select the load RQX Modify lateral load If required
change values as per IS 1893 Select X Direction
Select Program calc
per code =0.16 (change as per requirement) Ok
Ok.
Assigning Diaphragms
Set all storey option and select all slabs From Main menu Assign
Shell area Diaphragms D1 Ok.
To view the Diaphragm
Go to Set Building View objects
Diaphragm
STEP 8 : ( Design)
Selecting Indian Code

From Main menu Options Preferences Concrete Frame Design

code = Indian IS 456-2000. Ok.
Defining Load Combination
From Main menu Define Load Combinations Add New
Load Combination Name =DL+LL
Load Combination type =Add Change scale factor =1.5 for
clicking add button Add New Load Comb
Load Combination Name =DL+WL
Load Combination type =Add Change scale factor =1.5 for
clicking add button Add New Load Comb
Load Combination Name =DL+EQX
Load Combination type =Add Change scale factor =1.5 for
clicking add button Ok Ok.

Load Comb
DL and LL by

DL and WL by

DL and EQX by

Selecting Design Load ( i.e. DL+LL)

From Main menu Design Concrete Frame design Select design comb
Select our combination load from the list Add Ok.
STEP 9 : (Analysis)
From Main menu Analysis Run analysis.
After completing process, the model automatically displaces deformed shape
view and the model is locked (you cannot do any changes ).
STEP 10 : (Running the Design Process)
From Main menu Design Concrete frame design Start Design/
Check of Structure Design results will be displayed on the model.
Graphical output:
Activate 3D view in right window by clicking title bar Set elevation view
=1 From Main menu Display Show member force/Stresses diagrams
Frame/Pier/Spandrel forces Select any load case say DL +LL.
Select moment 3 option
Uncheck the fill diagram.
If it is checked, we have to deselect. check the showed values on the
diagram check box Ok.
Right click on any beam in right window which will display diagrams for the
beams.
Select scroll for values (Right top window which will show at different
distances along the beam.
To clear the display:
Activate right window From Main menu Display Show un deformed
shape Click on 3D button from top tool bar to display 3D view.
To view reinforcement detail:

Running the Design Process

From Main menu Design Concrete Frame Design start design /Check
of Structure Design results will be displayed in the model.
Set to Elevation view=1 in right window Reinforcement area will be
displayed on the frame. Right click on any beam or column. We can select
various options:
- Summary
- Flexural details
- Shear details etc.
- Envelope Ok.
View the % of steel on beams and columns
From Main menu Design Concrete Frame Design Display design
information select Design output=rebar% Ok.

Example 2 :
No. of stories
No. of bays in X Direction
No. of bays in Y Direction
Spacing in X Direction
Spacing in Y Direction
Typical Storey height
Basement height
Concrete Grade
Steel Grade
Column Sizes C1
C2
C3
Beams
B1
B2
PB

: 10
:4
:5
: 4500
: 3000
: 3000
: 2000
: M20 for beams & M25 for
Columns
: Fy415
: 230 x 460
: 230x 530
: 230x600
: 230x 406
: 230x 380
: 230x300

Thickness

: 125mm

Y
B1

3200

C2

C2
B2
B2

B1

B1

2800

B1
C3

B1

B2
B1

B1
C2

B2
C1

C2

C1

B2
B1

C1

3000

4000
A

C1

C3

B2

B2
B1

C3

C2

C2

B2

B2

B2
B1

4000

B2

C3

C2

B1
C2

B2

3000

Slab

3500
C

FLOOR PLAN

BEAMS:
B1 = 230 X 330
B2 = 230 X 460
PLINTH BEAM - PB 230 X 380

COLUMN:
C1 = 230 X 460
C2 = 230 X 530
C3 = 230 X 600

A
4
STOREY-10

B
4

C
4

D
4

STOREY-9

STOREY-7

STOREY-5

STOREY-3

STOREY-2

STOREY-1

BASE
4000

3000

3500

BOTTOM HEIGHT=2000 mm
TYPICAL STOREY=3000 mm

STEP BY STEP PROCEURE:

STEP 1: (Creation of geometry)

Open ETABS Program.

Select units

N. mm.

From Main menu File New Model Select No.

Building Pan Grid System and Storey Data Definition will be displayed.
Uniform Grid Spacing
No. of lines in X Direction =4
No. of lines in Y Direction =5
Spacing in X Direction
= 4000 mm
Spacing in y Direction
= 3000 mm
Uniform Grid Spacing
Click Edit Grid
X Grid Data
Grid Ordinate
ID
A
0
B
4000
C
7000
D
10500
Y Grid data
Grid Ordinate
ID
1
0
2
3000
3
7100
4
9900
5
13100

Line type visibility

Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary

Show
Show
Show
Show

Line type visibility

Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary
Primary

Show
Show
Show
Show
Show

Bubble
location
Top
Top
Top
Top

Grid color

Bubble
location
Left
Left
Left
Left
Left

Grid color

Ok.
Storey dimension:
No. of storeys
:10
Typical storey height
:3000
Bottom storey height
:2000
Go to Main menu Edit Edit storey data Edit storey

Level
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1

Storey
Storey
Storey
Storey
Storey
Storey
Storey
Storey
Storey
Storey
Base

Height
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1

3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
2000
--

Elevation Master
storey
29000
Yes
26000
No
23000
No
20000
No
17000
No
14000
No
11000
No
8000
No
5000
No
2000
No
0

Similar
storey
-Storey 10
Storey 10
Storey 10
Storey 10
Storey 10
Storey 10
Storey 10
Storey 10
None

Splice Splice
point height
No
0
No
0
No
0
No
0
No
0
No
0
No
0
No
0
No
0
No
0

Ok.
Change units N.mm.
Select Grid only button OK.
Note: You can change Grid spacing by choosing Custom Grid spacing, for
column varying spacing then click Edit Grid you can also change any storey
height by choose Custom Storey Data, then click on Edit Storey Data.

STEP 2: (Define Material Properties)

From Main menu Define Material Property Add new material
Material Name =M25
Concrete cubic comp. strength fck =25
Bending Reinforcement yield strength fy =415
Shear Reinforcement yield strength fy =415 Ok Ok.
Similarly Define M20 concrete for beam.
STEP 3: (Define Frame section)
Define Beam:
From Main menu Define Frame section Add rectangular Material
name =M20 (select) Section Name=B1
Dimensions:
Depth (3) =406mm
Width (2) =230mm
Click reinforcement
Select Beam
Concrete cover to rebar center Top =41 mm
Bottom =41mm Ok Ok.

In the same manner define other beams B2 and PB.

Define Column:
Add Rectangular section Name =C1
Material name = M25
Dimensions :
Depth (3) =460mm
Width (2) =230mm
Click reinforcement
Select Column
Select Rectangular
Ties Rectangular
Cover = 58 mm
Bar size =20 d
Corner bar =20d
Reinforcement to be designed Ok Ok.
In the same manner define column C2(230x530) and C3 (230x600).
Define Slab:
From Main menu define Wall/Slab /Deck section Add New slab
Section name = S1
Material name = M20.
Membrane
Membrane =125 mm
Bending =125mm
Select Membrane Ok Ok.
STEP 5: (Drawing Beams, Columns and Slabs)
Drawing Beams:
From Main menu Draw Draw line objects Create lines in region
Property = Select required beam size B1
Click or Select the beam B1 in Plan view (Left window) (with similar storey
option) and select all beam B1.
Change Property = Beam B2 size and click on beam B2 (with Similar storey
option) Select Plinth beam Property =PB and select all Plinth beams in
Storey 1 in plan view (Left Window) with one storey option Close.
Drawing Columns:
From Main menu Draw Draw line objects Create column in region
Property = C1
Select or Click on the column joints in Plan view (Left window) with similar
storey option. If necessary change angle =90 Change Property =C2 and
C3 and click on respective column joints Close.

Drawing Slab:
From Main menu Draw Draw area objects Create areas at click (Draw
areas) (Plan) Property =S1 Click on the periphery of column joints and
press enter (With similar storey option).
Note:
To view the assigned beam in plan
Select Set Building Objects on top of Tool bar.
Select Line sections under object view options.
Special effects:
Object Fill
Extrusion Ok.
To view the rendered view
Set Building view objects on top of Tool bar
Line section.
Special Effects:
Object Fill
Extrusion
Apply to all windows Ok.
STEP 6:(Assigning Support Condition)
Set Base floor Plan view in left window Set Column points (with mouse)
From Main menu Assign Joint/Point Restraints (supports) Select
Fixed Ok.
To view Support assigned
From top Tool bar Set Building view option
Visible in view
Supports Ok.
Go to Elevation view 1 and view . For other views click arrow at top of
tool bar.
STEP 7: (Defining Loads)

1.Gravity Loads (Dead Load & Live Load)

From Main menu Define Static Load Cases
Load = SDL (Super Imposed Dead Load)
Type = Dead
Self weight multiplier =0 Add New Load Ok.
Load = Wall
Type= Dead
Self weight multiplier =0 Add New Load Ok.
Assigning the Loads:
Activate left window and set to Plan view Activate or select similar storey
option (at bottom) and select all slabs
From Main menu Assign
Shell / Area loads Uniform
Load case name =SDL
Uniform load
Load = 1.50 Kn/m2 (units Kn.m)
Direction Gravity Ok.
In the same manner assign Load case name = Live
Uniform load
Load = 2.0 Kn/m2 (units Kn.m)
Direction Gravity Ok.
Assigning Wall loads:
9 wall load = 12Kn/m (For external or outer beams)
41/2 wall load=6 Kn/m (For internal beams).
In left side window select all outer beams in top floor by setting similar
storey options and view the status bar to know no. of beams selected
From Main menu Assign Frame /Line loads
Distributed Load case name = wall.
Unit Kn.m
Forces
Direction Gravity
Uniform load=12 Kn/m
Replace existing loads Ok.
In the same manner apply 41/2 wall udl load to internal beams by setting
all floor options.
To see the load assigned :
Right click the particular member corresponding load Ok.
Note:
For point load :
From Main menu Assign Joint/Point loads
Load case name =Dead.
Units Kn.m.
Replace existing loads
Forces Global =10 Kn Ok.

2. Wind Loads :
Define wind load parameters as per IS 875 --Part 3 (1987)
From Main menu Define Static Load cases
Load = X or Y
Type = Wind
Self weight multiplier =0
Auto Lateral load =IS 8751987 Add New Load Select wind X
load and click on modify lateral loads to specify required wind load
parameter. As per IS 875 Ok Ok.
Creating dummy areas with Property =None.
Set required elevation view in right window From Main menu Draw
Draw area objects Draw rectangular areas Property = None
Click on the perimeter of area and press enter.
Foot Note: Apply wind load for selections.
To select wind area
Main menu Select By area object type select none Ok.
Assigning wind loads
Select drawing area of required elevation From Main menu
Assign Shell/area loads Wind Pressure coefficients Wind load
case name =Wind X
Coefficient Cp= - (Change if required) Ok.
To see wind load selection
Set Building view option
Area section
Line section Ok.

3.Earthquake Analysis
Select left side window.
Select all slabs by setting all floors/ similar storey option From Main
menu Define Diaphragms Select D1 Modify/ Show diaphragms
Select Rigid Ok Ok.
Define Mass Source

As per IS 1893--2002 25% of Live load is considered on all floors of

building.
From Main menu Define Mass source select From Loads
Load =Dead; Multiplier -->1.0 Add
Load = Live; Multiplier =0.25 Add
Load =SDL; Multiplier =1.0 Add
Load = Wall; Multiplier =1.0 Add Ok.
Define Earthquake Load (Static Method)
From Main menu Define Static Load cases
Load =EQX
Type = Quake
Default Multiplier =0
Auto Lateral load = IS 18932002
Add New Load Select the load RQX Modify lateral load If required
change values as per IS 1893 Select X Direction
Select Program calc
per code =0.16 (change as per requirement)
Ok Ok.
Assigning Diaphragms
Set all storey option and select all slabs From Main menu Assign
Shell area Diaphragms D1 Ok.
To view the Diaphragm
Go to Set Building View objects
Diaphragm
STEP 8 : ( Design)
Selecting Indian Code
From Main menu Options Preferences Concrete Frame Design
code = Indian IS 456-2000. Ok.
Defining Load Combination
From Main menu Define Load Combinations Add New
Load Combination Name =DL+LL
Load Combination type =Add Change scale factor =1.5 for
clicking add button Add New Load Comb
Load Combination Name =DL+WL
Load Combination type =Add Change scale factor =1.5 for
clicking add button Add New Load Comb
Load Combination Name =DL+EQX
Load Combination type =Add Change scale factor =1.5 for
clicking add button Ok Ok.

Load Comb
DL and LL by

DL and WL by

DL and EQX by

Selecting Design Load ( i.e. DL+LL)

From Main menu Design Concrete Frame design Select design comb
Select our combination load from the list Add Ok.
STEP 9 : (Analysis)
From Main menu Analysis Run analysis.
After completing process, the model automatically displaces deformed shape
view and the model is locked (you cannot do any changes ).
STEP 10 : (Running the Design Process)
From Main menu Design Concrete frame design Start Design/
Check of Structure Design results will be displayed on the model.
Graphical output:
Activate 3D view in right window by clicking title bar
Set elevation view =1
From Main menu Display Show member force/Stresses diagrams
Frame/Pier/Spandrel forces Select any load case say DL +LL.
Select moment 3 option
Uncheck the fill diagram.
If it is checked, we have to deselect. check the showed values on the
diagram check box Ok.
Right click on any beam in right window which will display diagrams for the
beams.
Select scroll for values (Right top window which will show at different
distances along the beam.
To clear the display:
Activate right window From Main menu Display Show un deformed
shape Click on 3D button from top tool bar to display 3D view.
To view reinforcement detail:
Running the Design Process
From Main menu Design Concrete Frame Design start design /Check
of Structure Design results will be displayed in the model.
Set to Elevation view=1 in right window Reinforcement area will be
displayed on the frame. Right click on any beam or column. We can select
various options:
-

Summary
Flexural details
Shear details etc.
Envelope Ok.

To View the % of steel on beams and columns

From Main menu Design Concrete Frame Design Display design
information select Design output=rebar% Ok.

Example 3:
No. of bays in X Direction
No. of bays in Y Direction
Spacing in X Direction
Spacing in Y Direction
Typical Storey height
Basement height
Concrete Grade
Steel Grade
Column Sizes
Beam
Slab

: 4
:3
: 5000
: 4000
: 3200
: 3200
: M25
: Fy415
: 300 x 450
: 300x 450

Thickness

: 120mm

STEP BY STEP PROCEURE:

STEP 1: (Creation of geometry)
Open the ETABS Program.
Set the units of the model in the drop down box in the lower right hand
corner of ETABS window , click the drop down box to set units in Kn.m.
From Main menu File New Model Select No.
Building Pan Grid System and Storey Data Definition will be displayed.
Uniform Grid Spacing
No. of lines in X Direction =5
No. of lines in Y Direction =4
Spacing in X Direction
= 5m
Spacing in y Direction
= 4m

 Simple Grid Data

No. of stories
=5
Typical Storey Height
=3.2m
Bottom storey height
=3.2m
Select Grid only button OK.
Note: You can change Grid spacing by choosing Custom Grid spacing, for
column varying spacing then click Edit Grid you can also change any storey
height by choose Custom Storey Data, then click on Edit Storey Data.
Go to Main menu Edit Storey data Edit Storey.
Grid
No.
6
5
4
3
2
1

Label
Storey
Storey
Storey
Storey
Storey
Base

5
4
3
2
1

Height

Elevation

3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2

16
12.6
9.6
6.4
3.2
0

Master
Storey
Yes
No
No
No
No

Similar to

Storey 5
Storey 5
Storey 5
None

Spice
point
No
No
No
No
No

Spice
height
0
0
0
0
0

Change units N.mm.

STEP 2: (Design Preference code)

From Main menu Options Preferences Concrete Frame design
Design code =Indian IS456-2000. Ok.

STEP 3: (Define Material Properties)

From Main menu Define Material Property Add new material
Material Name =M25
Concrete cubic comp. strength fck =25
Bending Reinforcement yield strength fy =415
Shear Reinforcement yield strength fy =415 Ok Ok.
STEP 4: (Define Frame section)
Define Beam:

From Main menu Define Frame section Add rectangular Material

name =M25 (select) Section Name=B300x450.
Dimensions:
Depth (3) =0.45m
Width (2) =0.30m
Click reinforcement
Select Beam
Concrete cover to rebar center Top = 0.041m(=25+8+16/2=41 mm)
Bottom =41mm Ok Ok.
Define Column:
Add Rectangular section Name =C300x450.
Material name = M25
Dimensions :
Depth (3) =0.3m
Width (2) =0.45m
Click reinforcement
Select Column
Select Rectangular
Ties Rectangular
Cover to rebar centre= 0.056 (40+8+16/2=56mm)
Bar size =16 d
Corner bar =16 d
Reinforcement to be designed Ok Ok.
Define Slab:
From Main menu define Wall/Slab /Deck section Add New slab
Section name = S1
Material name = M25.
Membrane
Membrane =0.120 m
Bending =0.125m
Select Membrane Ok Ok.
STEP 6: (Drawing Beams, Columns and Slabs)
Drawing Beams:
From Main menu Draw Draw line objects Create lines in regions or at
clicks(plan,Elev.,3D)
Property = Select required beam size B300x450
Click or Select the beam B300x450 in Plan view (Left window) (with similar
storey option) and select all beam B300x450.
Close.
Drawing Columns:

From Main menu Draw Draw line objects Create column in region or
clicks(plan)
Property = C300x450
Select or Click on the column joints in Plan view (Left window) with similar
storey option. If necessary change angle =90 Close.
Drawing Slab:
From Main menu Draw Draw area objects Create areas at click or
click (Plan, Elev.) (Plan) Property =S120 Click on the periphery of
column joints and press enter (With similar storey option).
Note:
To view the assigned beam in plan
Select Set Building Objects on top of Tool bar.
Select Line sections under object view options.
Ok.
To view the rendered view
Set Building view objects on top of Tool bar
Line section.
Special Effects:
Object Fill
Extrusion
Apply to all windows Ok.
STEP 7:(Assigning Support Condition)
Set Base floor Plan view in left window Set Column points (with mouse)
From Main menu Assign Joint/Point Restraints (supports) Select
Fixed Ok.
To view Support assigned
From top Tool bar Set Building view option
Visible in view
Supports Ok.
Go to Elevation view 1 and view . For other views click arrow at top of
tool bar.
STEP 8 : (Defining Loads)
1.Gravity Loads (Dead Load & Live Load)

From Main menu Define Static Load Cases

Load = SDL (Super Imposed Dead Load)
Type = Dead
Self weight multiplier =0 Add New Load Ok.
Load = Wall
Type= Dead
Self weight multiplier =0 Add New Load Ok.
Note:
For Self weight multiplier will be 1 for beams and columns of dead load. For
all other loads, it will be zero.
Assigning the Loads:
Activate left window and set to Plan view Activate or select similar storey
option (at bottom) and select all slabs
From Main menu Assign
Shell / Area loads Uniform
Load case name =SDL
Uniform load
Load = 1.50 Kn/m2 (units Kn.m)
Direction Gravity Ok.
In the same manner assign Load case name = Live
Uniform load
Load = 2.0 Kn/m2 (units Kn.m)
Direction Gravity Ok.
Assigning Wall loads:
9 wall load = 12Kn/m (For external or outer beams)
41/2 wall load=6 Kn/m (For internal beams).
In left side window select all outer beams in top floor by setting similar
storey options and view the status bar to know no. of beams selected
From Main menu Assign Frame /Line loads
Distributed Load case name = wall.
Unit Kn.m
Forces
Direction Gravity
Uniform load=12 Kn/m
Replace existing loads Ok.
In the same manner apply 41/2 wall udl load to internal beams by setting
all floor options.
To see the load assigned :
Right click the particular member corresponding load Ok.
Note:
For point load :
From Main menu Assign Joint/Point loads Forces

Load case name =Dead.

Forces Global =10 Kn
Replace existing loads
Ok.

Units Kn.m.

2. Wind Loads :
In ETABS there are two ways to define lateral loads (Wind, earth quake).
Built in option will automatically calculate lateral loads as per available
design codes.
Define wind load parameters as per IS 875 --Part 3 (1987)
From Main menu Define Static Load cases
Load = X or Y
Type = Wind
Self weight multiplier =0
Auto Lateral load =IS 8751987 Add New Load Select wind X
load and click on modify lateral loads to specify required wind load
parameter. As per IS 875 Ok Ok.
Creating dummy areas with property =None
Set required elevation view in right window From Main menu Draw
Draw area objects Draw rectangular areas Property = None
Click on the perimeter of area and press enter.
Foot Note: Apply wind load for selections.
To select wind area
Main menu Select By area object type select none Ok.
Assigning wind loads
Select drawing area of required elevation From Main menu
Assign Shell/area loads Wind Pressure coefficients
Wind load case name =Wind X
Coefficient Cp= - (Change if required) Ok.
To see wind load selection
Set Building view option
Area section
Line section Ok.
3. Earthquake Analysis
In building, slab is considered as single rigid member during earthquake
analysis.
Select left side window.
Select all slabs by setting all floors/ similar storey option From Main
menu Define Diaphragms Select D1 Modify/ Show diaphragms
Select Rigid Ok Ok.

Define Mass Source

As per IS 1893--2002 25% of Live load is considered on all floors of
building.
From Main menu Define Mass source select From Loads
Load =Dead; Multiplier --1.0 Add
Load = Live; Multiplier =0.25 Add
Load =SDL; Multiplier =1.0 Add
Load = Wall; Multiplier =1.0 Add Ok.
Define Earthquake Load (Static Method)
From Main menu Define Static Load cases
Load =EQX
Type = Quake
Default Multiplier =0
Auto Lateral load = IS 18932002
Add New Load Select the load EQX Modify lateral load If required
change values as per IS 1893 Select X Direction
Select Program calc
per code =0.16 (change as per requirement) Ok
Ok.
Assigning Diaphragms
Set all storey option and select all slabs From Main menu Assign
Shell area Diaphragms D1 Ok.
Define Earthquake Load (Response Spectrum or Dynamic method)
From Main menu Define Response Spectrum Functions IS 1893
-2002 select IS 1893-2002Spectrum Ok. Select IS1893
Modify/Show Spectrum Spectrum case name =IS1893
Damping =0.05 Modal combination CQC Directed Combination SRSS
Function name=1893; Function damping ration=0.05
Seismic zone factor z=0.16 ; Soil type =1 Ok.
To view the Diaphragm
Go to Set Building View objects
Diaphragm
STEP 8 : ( Design)
Selecting Indian Code
From Main menu Options Preferences Concrete Frame Design
code = Indian IS 456-2000. Ok.
Defining Load Combination
From Main menu Define Load Combinations Add New Load Comb
Load Combination Name =DL+LL

Load Combination type =Add Change scale factor =1.5 for DL and LL by
clicking add button Add New Load Comb
Load Combination Name =DL+WL
Load Combination type =Add Change scale factor =1.5 for DL and WL by
clicking add button Add New Load Comb
Load Combination Name =DL+EQX
Load Combination type =Add Change scale factor =1.5 for DL and EQX by
clicking add button Ok Ok.
Selecting Design Load ( i.e. DL+LL)
From Main menu Design Concrete Frame design Select design comb
Select our combination load from the list Add Ok.
STEP 9 : (Analysis)
From Main menu Analysis Run analysis.
After completing process, the model automatically displaces deformed shape
view and the model is locked (you cannot do any changes ).
STEP 10 : (Running the Design Process)
From Main menu Design Concrete frame design Start Design/
Check of Structure Design results will be displayed on the model.
Graphical output:
Activate 3D view in right window by clicking title bar Set elevation view
=1 From Main menu Display Show member force/Stresses diagrams
Frame/Pier/Spandrel forces Select any load case say DL +LL.
Select moment 3 option
Uncheck the fill diagram.
If it is checked, we have to deselect. check the showed values on the
diagram check box Ok.
Right click on any beam in right window which will display diagrams for the
beams.
Select scroll for values (Right top window which will show at different
distances along the beam.

To clear the display:

Activate right window From Main menu Display Show un deformed
shape Click on 3D button from top tool bar to display 3D view.
To view reinforcement detail:
Running the Design Process
From Main menu Design Concrete Frame Design start design /Check
of Structure Design results will be displayed in the model.

Set to Elevation view=1 in right window Reinforcement area will be

displayed on the frame. Right click on any beam or column. We can select
various options:
- Summary
- Flexural details
- Shear details etc.
- Envelope Ok.
View the % of steel on beams and columns
From Main menu Design Concrete Frame Design Display design
information select Design output=rebar percentage Ok.