Dynamo

Members116
ApisaraT.
KanyanatL.
PatlapaK.
PornthipW.
WanthipP.

Objective:

Tomakedynamobyusingprocessthatconvertkineticenergytoelectricenergy.We
shakingourdynamobyourhandtoproducethemagneticfieldandthecurrent,inexperimentwe
wouldusecopperwirecoilingaroundredfiberpaperthenconnecttoacable.Attheendcableis
attachedtothelightbulb.Weexpectgeneratortoinstallelectriclightonlightbulb.

Materials:

Copperwire1m.
redfiberpaper
adhesiveglue
scissor
lightbulb5V.
cable
pen
cutter
maskingglue
soldering

Plans:Design/Diagram:howtobuilditsoitworkswell
Design:
Previously,weveplannedtomakingdynamowhichstickupwithbicycle.Whenweride
abicycle,ourdynamowillworkasbatterytoturnonthelightbulbthatsaheadlightofthe
bicycle.Butwecantbindthecopperwireperfectly,andlotsoferrorscameafter.Sowedecided
tochangeourdynamodesign.Soournewplanistomakingourowndynamothatsworkasa
generatorelectricityintheflashlighttorch.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Raf5eJfLSzs
Preparingformaterials
Wecutaredfiberpaperinformofparallelogram[figure1],androlleditwiththesize0.5
radius.Weusedwindingmachinetorolledthefiberpaperasfigure2anduseadhesive

gluetocoatedthepaperedge.Makesureitwonttoofitthemagnetbecausemagnetsare
supposedtomoveableinsidetherolledoffiberpaper.Thatshowthedynamoworks.

Figure1:redfiberpaper

Figure2:rollingfiberpaperFigure3:drawtwocircleinmiddleFigure4:attachtwopieces

Andthen,cut2piecesofsquarewhicharesamesizetocoverbothsideofendingtubeas
figure3,anddrawacirclethatbracedwitharolledfiberpaper,atthemiddleofeach
squares.Thethingiswehavetoleftbothsidesofwireforattachedthemtothecable,and
makeholesinsidethecirclesthatcanattachtotherolledfiberpaperinfigure4.
Weattachedthemaltogether,wegotacoreofdynamo,pluggeditintothewinding
machine[figure5]tolapthecoilofcopperwire.We'vestartedtolapthecoilofcopper
wiretothecorearound1800rounds.
Usedadhesivetapetoconnectbothsidesofcablewiththebothcoils,wrappedittwice
andmakesureitwontofftoeachother.[figure6]
Whenweattachedthecorewithcoilofcopper,weusedsolderingtofusedthecableand
thelightbulb.Sothisisourroughdynamowithoutmagnets.
Afterthat,wevetook2magnetsthatarefirmtothiscoreinsidethecore.Weveblocked
bothsidesofthecorebyourthumbandindexfinger,andthenwetriedtoshakeour
dynamoupanddownfastly.Soourmagnetsinsidetherolledoffiberpaperarereacting
withthecoilofcopperwire,therearecreatingmagneticfield.Whenwereshakingthe
dynamo,themagnetspassthroughthecoilofcopperwire,theycutthemagneticfield
frequently,andthatsproducedtheelectricenergytoturnonthelightbulb.

Figure5:pluggedfiberpapertoFigure6:stickthetapeonFigure7:thedynamofinalproduct
thewindingmachinebothsidesofcable

Backgroundinformation:
Sincewecannotcreateenergythatfollowthefirstlawofthermodynamics,the
amountofelectricalenergyshouldbesameorlessthantheamountofenergyweputin.
Someofthemwillconvertedtoheatbyfriction.Incaseofelectricgeneratorordynamois
theconnectionbetweenmagnetismandelectricity.
Dynamoistheprocesstoconvertkineticenergytoelectricenergy.Whenthecurrentand
magneticfieldisproducedbetweenthecopperwireandmagnet,dynamowillstartgenerating
pureelectricity.Itworkedasfundamentalprinciplesofelectromagnetism[EMF].Asrotating
magneticflux,itinfluencedthecurrentwhichisinducedincoilingcopperwire.Thecurrent
generatedbymagnetic,shiftingnorthandsouthpoleofthemagnets.Thecoilwillbecomean
electromagnetthenspinormoving.Themorecoilingcopperwire,themorecurrentwillform.
Accordingtotherighthandrule,theforceofmagneticfieldwhichhaveachargeinside.
Thus,wemovingthecharge,itproducedtheelectricalpower.Itcanoccurwhenthecharge
movedparalleltothemagneticfieldorwhenvelocityofthechargehasanelementwhich
perpendiculartothedirectionofmagneticfieldthatwecanseeinpicturebelow.
Theelectriccurrentinourwireisviewedastheconventionalcurrent.Thepositive
chargeswillmovetorightdirectionandwewillseethatthemagneticforceonthewireispoint
upwardduetorighthandrule.Sowhentherelationshipofmagneticforceisacurrentcarrywire,
weusuallyusethisruletolimitthedirectionoftheforceonthewire.

Whenmovingwirethroughthemagneticfieldormovingmagnetthroughawire,these
willgenerateacurrentthatoccurinthewire.Thisprocessknownasinduction.Therolledpaper
whichhasmagnetinsideandcoiledbycopperwire.Asweshakeourdynamogeneratorthe
magnetinsideitwillmovefreely,whichmeanitrotatefreelyinmagneticfields.Eachturnwill
generatedEMFineachofloop.
EMF=BLVsin .
Fromtheformulaitshowthatifwe
increasingthespeedorshakefaster,increasingnumberofloopandcoilmorecopperwire.The
EMFwillbemoreproduceanditwillincreasethecurrent.Theconcentrateofmagnetwillflux
throughwires.Whenmagnetgetclosetocopperwire,everytimeitwillgeneratethecurrent.
Theorientationofloopeffectedtothechangesofmagneticfield.Wirevelocityifit
perpendiculartothemagneticfieldorhorizontalloopitwillgeneratecurrent.Whentheloopis
verticalitwillnotproduceanycurrent.


Calculation&Analysis
Calculationsandanalysis(nomorethan1page):estimationoftheEMFandcurrent
producedbyyourelectricgenerator.HowmuchcurrentandEMFcanyouexpectunderthe
operatingconditions?
Theestimationofourelectricgenerator,asweusethe5voltlightbulb,TocalculatetheEMFwe
usetheformulaEMF=BLVsin( )
EMF=BLVsin( )

EMF=()(1m)(5V)(1)

EMF=...Volt
TheEMFofourdynamogeneratoris.Volt.

Fromthedynamothatweusecanproducecurrentfromtheformula
I= EMF
R

V=IR

Wemade
HandShakeDynamoFlashlightTorch,therecoilingbycopperwirearound1800
timesthenconnectingwiththelightbulbwhichcontain5volt.Hence,theamountofvoltagethat
ourdynamocanproducedmightbeapproximately5/1800=0.0027

Source

Electricitygenerators.RetrievedJune25,2015,from
http://www.explainthatstuff.com/generators.html

QuestionsandAnswersDorotatingmagnetscreateenergy?WherecanIfindmoreinformationon
thissubject?RetrievedJune25,2015,from
http://education.jlab.org/qa/createenergy_02.html

RightHandRules:AGuidetofindingtheDirectionoftheMagneticForce.(n.d.).RetrievedJune
25,2015,from
http://physicsed.buffalostate.edu/SeatExpts/resource/rhr/rhr.htm