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Program Studi Aeronotika dan Astronotika

FTMD - Institut Teknologi Bandung


2010

Semester 1 10/11
Introduction
(topic #1)

AE2141
MENGGAMBAR TEKNIK
ENGINEERING DRAWING
AE2141
Introduction

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TM2010

Deskripsi

Program Studi Aeronotika dan Astronotika


FTMD - Institut Teknologi Bandung
2010

Mata kuliah ini memberikan konsep dan aturan gambar teknik


menurut standar ISO serta memberikan pengertian mengenai
parameter geometri utama sebuah pesawat terbang. Konsep
yang diberikan meliputi : gambar sebagai bahasa teknik,
gambar proyeksi majemuk, gambar proyeksi tunggal, gambar
potongan, pemberian dimensi dan gambar tiga dimensi.
Media gambar yang digunakan adalah kertas dan pensil
yang kemudian dilanjutkan dengan aplikasi CAD. Matakuliah
ini diberikan untuk membangun kemampuan mahasiswa dalam
menuangkan pemikirannya menggunakan gambar.

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Aturan Umum

Program Studi Aeronotika dan Astronotika


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2010

Aturan Perkuliahan :

Penalti keterlambatan pengumpulan tugas :


Terlambat 1 hari : - 10%
Terlambat hari selanjutnya : -2% per hari

Catatan untuk kehadiran

30%
30%
20%
20%

Catatan untuk nilai Tugas

Tugas
Praktikum
UTS
UAS

Kehadiran dapat membantu nilai di perbatasan


Ketidakhadiran karena sakit harus dibuktikan dengan surat keterangan dari
dokter

Titip absensi :

Bila dalam satu pertemuan ada yang titip absensi, maka kehadiran seluruh
kelas dibatalkan.
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Introduction

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Pustaka

Program Studi Aeronotika dan Astronotika


FTMD - Institut Teknologi Bandung
2010

Menggambar Mesin Menurut Standar ISO


Pradnya Paramita,
G. Takeshi Sato dan N Sugiarto H.
Technical Drawing
Thomson Delmar Learning,
David L. Getsch et al

AE2141
Introduction

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Program Studi Aeronotika dan Astronotika


FTMD - Institut Teknologi Bandung
2010

Some Digital Sources


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Technical Drawing Topics :


http://www4.district125.k12.il.us/Faculty/djohanns/TechEd
HomePage/TDTopics.html
Engineering Drawing :
http://www.ider.herts.ac.uk/school/courseware/graphics/en
gineering_drawing/
Technical drawing definition :
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technical_drawing
International Standard Organization : www.iso.org
CAD history : http://mbinfo.mbdesign.net/CAD-History.htm
AutoCAD dari Autodesk : www.autodesk.com
CATIA dari Dasault Systmes :
http://www.3ds.com/products-solutions/plmsolutions/catia/overview/
Solidworks : www.solidworks.com

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Introduction

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Exercise

Program Studi Aeronotika dan Astronotika


FTMD - Institut Teknologi Bandung
2010

Lipat kertas A4 menjadi A5


Beri nama, NIM dan tanggal di pojok kanan atas
Gambar sebuah obyek fisik benda mati (10)
Berikan pada kawan untuk dibuatkan daftar
keterangan mengenai gambar (Nama/jenis obyek,
ukuran, detail lainnya )
Kembalikan pada pemilik dan hitung berapa
persen kesalahan komentar
Nyatakan komentar benar dalam persentase

AE2141
Introduction

TM2010

Program Studi Aeronotika dan Astronotika


FTMD - Institut Teknologi Bandung
2010

SELAMAT
Anda telah mensimulasikan komunikasi melalui
media/bahasa gambar :
Bagaimana kualitas komunikasi Anda melalui media
gambar ?

AE2141
Introduction

TM2010

Program Studi Aeronotika dan Astronotika


FTMD - Institut Teknologi Bandung
2010

Bahasa
8

Bahasa adalah alat penyampaian informasi


Lisan

Tulisan

Matematik

Gambar

Musik

Mimik

Indera

akustik

visual

Visual

visual

akustik

Visual

Ekspresi

suara

Tulisan

Tulisan

gambar

nada

Tubuh

Aturan

Tata
bahasa

Tata
bahasa

Theorema

Aturan
gambar

Not
musik

Context

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Materi Kuliah

Program Studi Aeronotika dan Astronotika


FTMD - Institut Teknologi Bandung
2010

Pengantar Gambar Teknik


Gambar Proyeksi Orthogonal
Gambar Potongan
Gambar Proyeksi Tunggal
Pengantar CAD

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FTMD - Institut Teknologi Bandung
2010

Gambar Teknik lawas


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Taufiq Mulyanto

Program Studi Aeronotika dan Astronotika


FTMD - Institut Teknologi Bandung
2010

11

Fungsi Gambar
Penyampaian

informasi
Penyimpanan informasi
Alat bantu berpikir

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Introduction

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Program Studi Aeronotika dan Astronotika


FTMD - Institut Teknologi Bandung
2010

Information found in a drawing


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Shape: the description of the shape of an object is


indicated by the number and type of views and lines
selected to completely show or describe the form of an
object
Dimensioning: the description or the size and location of
the shape of an object is inicated by lines and numerals
used to specify the dimensions of an object
Specifications: additional information such as general
notes, material, heat treatment, machine finish, and
applied finish are indicated by special entries written on
the drawings

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Program Studi Aeronotika dan Astronotika


FTMD - Institut Teknologi Bandung
2010

Job related to Technical Drawing


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Occupancies
Engineers,

designers, drafters, technicians, etc

Level of ability :
Make

AE2141
Introduction

drawing, read drawing, both

TM2010

Program Studi Aeronotika dan Astronotika


FTMD - Institut Teknologi Bandung
2010

Learning Checklist
FUNDAMENTAL
KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS

Drafting Equiment
Fundamental Drafting
Techniques
Sketching
Geometric Construction
Visualization
Multiview drawing
Section views
Graphical descriptive
geometry
Auxiliary views
General dimensioning
Notation
Basic CAD system
operation

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Introduction

RELATED
KNOWLEDGE

ADV. KNOWLEDGE AND


SKILLS

Math
Weling
Media and
reproduction
Manufacturing
Materials and
processes

TM2010

Development and
intersections
Geometric
dimensioning and
tolerancing
Threads and
fasteners
Springs
Cams
Gears
Machine design
drawing
Pictorial drawing
Drqfting shortcuts
CAD technology
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Program Studi Aeronotika dan Astronotika


FTMD - Institut Teknologi Bandung
2010

Design for Manufacturability


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A good product not only met the customers needs in terms of


function. It also had to be efficiently and economically
manufactured
Attitude :

Traditional attitude : we designed it, making is your problem


DFM attitude : lets design it so that it works, and can be efficiently
produced
DFM teams comprised of : design, drafting, manufacturing

Reduce Cost : Metal Tech Manufacturing co (MTM) production


cost fall by 32 percent and sales doubled within a year

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Types of Technical Drawing

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Detail Drawing

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2010

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2010

Installation Drawing
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Wiring Diagram

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2010

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2010

Exploded-view Drawing
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Sectional View

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2010

Half Sectional View


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2010

Scematic Diagram
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Pictorial Diagram

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2010

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Large Drawing

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2010

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FTMD - Institut Teknologi Bandung
2010

Technical Drawing example


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Technical
Drawing
example

AE2141
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FTMD - Institut Teknologi Bandung
2010

TM2009

3 View Drawing

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2010

Cutaway Drawing
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From Idea to Reality

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2010

Wing in Surface Effect


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2010

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2010

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2010

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2010

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2010

Tandem Wing Development


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2010

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2010

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2010

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2010

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Technical Drawing Grammar

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2010

Technical Drawing Grammer


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Line Type
Text information (dimension, material, etc)
Symbols (surface treatment, view, simplification, etc)
Projection (perspective, orthogonal, single )
Section drawing

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Types of Lines

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2010

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2010

46

Thick lines
Visible

line of an object

Thin lines
Hidden

line of an object
Center line
Dimension

Extra thick lines


Cutting

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plane

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FTMD - Institut Teknologi Bandung
2010

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2010

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Use of Hidden line:


Hidden

lines should always start and end with a dash


Dash should always join at corners

Except:
When

such a dash would form a continuation of a


visible detail line

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Types of text

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FTMD - Institut Teknologi Bandung
2010

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Sketching

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2010

Sketching Importance
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Dont they teach sketching in school anymore


? ..... : Dan Johnson, chief drafter for Precision
Machining, Inc
Component re-engineering that should be done on
site.
Maria Sims, newest drafter take the job and get
promoted

AE2141
Introduction

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Program Studi Aeronotika dan Astronotika


FTMD - Institut Teknologi Bandung
2010

52

Advantage of sketching

Requires very view materials :

pencil/pen,
media (paper/graph paper or even napkins)
Eraser

Quick

Do you know ?

Early design of Voyager around the world A/C was


sketched on napkins

AE2141
Introduction

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Program Studi Aeronotika dan Astronotika


FTMD - Institut Teknologi Bandung
2010

53

Voyager
Wing span : 110.8
ft
AR : 33.8
Empty weight : 1858
lb
TO weight : 11326
lb
9 days, 3 min, 44
sec, 25012 miles at
115.8 mph

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FTMD - Institut Teknologi Bandung
2010

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2010

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2010

56

General rules skeching

Hold the pencil firmly, but not so tightly as to create tension or hand
fatigue
Grip the pencil approx one inch to one and one-half inches up from the
point
Maintain a confortable angle between the pencil and the sketching
strokes
Draw horizontal lines from left to right using short, slightly overlapping
strokes
Draw vertical lines from top to bottom using short, slightly overlapping
strokes
Draw curved lines using short, slightly overlapping strokes

AE2141
Introduction

TM2010

Program Studi Aeronotika dan Astronotika


FTMD - Institut Teknologi Bandung
2010

57

Proportion in sketching
Use

graph paper whenever possible


Examine the object and mentally break into its
components
Begin with the largest component, estimate the
proportion
Use construction line squares and rectangles to block in
irregularly shaped components

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Introduction

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Program Studi Aeronotika dan Astronotika


FTMD - Institut Teknologi Bandung
2010

58

Draw LARGE size picture


Menggambar benda sirkular
Use of pencil type
2B

pencil for thick line


HB pencil for thin line

Gambar di milimeter block dengan pensil B/2B


Bujur

sangkar : 2cm x 2 cm 3 kali , 4cm x 4cm 3 kali


Persegi panjang : 4 cm x 6 cm, 5 kali
Lingkaran : diameter 4 cm 3 kali, dia 6 cm 3 kali
AE2141
Introduction

TM2010

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