Professional Documents
Culture Documents
IN TEXT CITATION
In any research paper, you will have used information from other sources, and
it is essential to use in text citations to accredit other researchers.
Most of your Background and your Analysis/Discussion sections involve building upon
the research of others, placing your research project in the context of previous
findings in the field.
It is perfectly acceptable to cite the work of others and, in fact, it is essential
that you do so.
Occasionally, you will use direct quotes from another source, but most of the time
you will be paraphrasing the work. You will need to create a Works Cited or
reference list of all of the sources that you use, but you will also need to
indicate within the text where your information came from.
Referencing is an essential part of writing any research paper, so err on the side
of caution. Common knowledge does not need to be referenced, and you can assume
that any reader is fairly knowledgeable about the field.
For example, a psychologist will be aware of Pavlovian Conditioning, so you do not
need to reference that if it from your own head or knowledge gained from your
internship work. A biochemist will be aware of how ethanol is made.
Your audience for this paper is:
Read more: http://www.experiment-resources.com/in-text-citation.html#ixzz1Mo3ha4wq
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In-Text Citations
In MLA style, referring to the works of others in your text is done by using what
is known a parenthetical citation. This method involves placing relevant source
information in parentheses after a quote or a paraphrase.
General Guidelines
The source information required in a parenthetical citation depends:
1. upon the source medium (e.g. Print, Web, DVD) and
2. upon the sources entry on the Works Cited (bibliography) page.
Any source information that you provide in-text must correspond to the
source information on the Works Cited page. More specifically, whatever
signal word or phrase you provide to your readers in the text, must be the
first thing that appears on the left-hand margin of the corresponding entry
in the Works Cited List.
Examples of In-Text Citations:
Begin your Works Cited page on a separate page at the end of your
research paper. It should have the same one-inch margins and last name,
page number header as the rest of your paper.
Label the page Works Cited (do not italicize the words Works Cited or
put them in quotation marks) and center the words Works Cited at the
top of the page.
Double space all citations, but do not skip spaces between entries.
Indent the second and subsequent lines of citations five spaces so that
you create a hanging indent.
List page numbers of sources efficiently, when needed. If you refer to
a journal article that appeared on pages 225 through 250, list the page
numbers on your Works Cited page as 225-50. Note that MLA style uses a
hyphen in a span of pages.
This is a link to a sample works cited page:
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/12/
For MLA Examples for all types of work:
http://honolulu.hawaii.edu/legacylib/mlahcc.html
For a citation builder (this will make the citations for you):
http://www.easybib.com/
A legitimate paraphrase:
In research papers students often quote excessively, failing to keep quoted
material down to a desirable level. Since the problem usually originates during
note taking, it is essential to minimize the material recorded verbatim (Lester 4647).
An acceptable summary:
Students should take just a few notes in direct quotation from sources to help
minimize the amount of quoted material in a research paper (Lester 46-47).
A plagiarized version:
Students often use too many direct quotations when they take notes, resulting in
too many of them in the final research paper. In fact, probably only about 10% of
the final copy should consist of directly quoted material. So it is important to limit
the amount of source material copied while taking notes.