You are on page 1of 14

„µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜oœ—oª¥£µ¬µ & šš¸É  …o°¤¼¨¡ºÊœ“µœ

œª¨œ—µ­ŠªœªŠ¬rš°Š ®œoµ
šš¸É …o°¤¼¨¡ºÊœ“µœ %DVLF'DWD7\SHV

˜´ªÂž¦š»„˜´ªš¸É¤„¸ µ¦„ε ®œ—čoĜ„µ¦Á…¸¥œÃž¦Â„¦¤‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r ¤¸¨´„¬–³ÁºÊ°Š˜oœÁ®¤º°œ


„´œ­°Šž¦³„µ¦„¨nµª‡º°ºÉ°…°Š˜´ªÂž¦Á¡ºÉ°°„™¹Šœ·—…°Š…o°¤¼¨š¸‹É ³œÎµ¤µÁ„ȝĜ˜´ªÂž¦ÁœºÊ°®µ£µ¥
Ĝšœ¸‹Ê ³„¨nµª™¹Š„µ¦˜´ŠÊ ºÉ°˜´ª¦³» LGHQWLILHU Ĝ£µ¬µ& ž¦³Á£š…°Š…o°¤¼¨ ŗo„n ‹ÎµœªœÁ˜È¤
‹Îµœªœ‹¦·Š¨³°´„…¦³œ°„‹µ„œ¸Ê‹³„¨nµª™¹Š…°Á…˜…°Š‡nµ…o°¤¼¨š¸ÁÉ „ȝŪoĜ˜´ªÂž¦Â˜n¨³ž¦³Á£š

˜´ª¦³»Â¨³„‘„µ¦˜´ÊŠºÉ°
˜´ª¦³»Äœš¸œÉ ¸Ê‹³®¤µ¥™¹ŠºÉ°˜´ªÂž¦Â¨³ºÉ°…°Š¢{Š„r´œŽ¹ÉŠ¤¸„‘„µ¦˜´ÊŠºÉ°—´Š˜n°Åžœ¸Ê
 ºÉ°š¸É˜Ê´Šž¦³„°—oª¥˜´ª°´„¬¦£µ¬µ°´Š„§¬ Ž¹ÉŠ°µ‹Áž}œ˜´ª°´„¬¦¡·¤¡rÁ¨È„ ˜´ª°´„¬¦¡·¤¡r
Ä®n˜´ªÁ¨…¨³B XQGHUVFRUH ×¥¤¸ÁŠºÉ°œÅ…ªnµ˜´ªÂ¦„‹³˜o°ŠÁž}œ˜´ª°´„¬¦Ášnµœ´Êœ
 „µ¦˜´ŠÊ ºÉ°˜´ª¦³»¤¸‡ªµ¤¥µªÁšnµÅ¦„Èŗo ˜n£µ¬µ&‹³œ´˜´ª°´„…¦³Âž—˜´ªÂ¦„Áž}œ­Îµ‡´
×¥„‘œ¸ÊšÎµÄ®oHPSBQDPH¨³HPSBQDPH™º°Áž}œ˜´ª¦³»˜´ªÁ—¸¥ª„´œ
 ®oµ¤œÎµ «´¡šr­Šªœ «´¡šr­Šªœš»„˜´ª‹³Äo˜ª´ ¡·¤¡rÁ¨È„Ášnµœ´Êœ ¤µ˜´ŠÊ Áž}œºÉ°˜´ª¦³»
 „µ¦˜´ÊŠ ºÉ °˜´ ª ¦³» ‹³Ä®o‡ªµ¤­Îµ‡´„´œ·—…°Š˜´ª°´„¬¦ªnµÁž}œ˜´ª¡·¤¡rÄ®n®¦º°Á¨È„
˜´ª°¥nµŠÁnœ HPSBQDPH  (PSBQDPH ¨³ (PSB1DPH ˜´ª¦³»š´ÊŠ­µ¤™º°Áž}œ˜´ª¦³»
‡œ¨³˜´ª
…o°Âœ³œÎµ „µ¦˜´ÊŠºÉ°˜´ª¦³»‡ª¦˜´ŠÊ ºÉ°Ä®o­ºÉ°„´ª´˜™»ž¦³­Š‡r…°Š„µ¦šÎµ Šµœ…°Š˜´ªÂž¦ Á¡ºÉ°­ºÉ°‡ªµ¤
®¤µ¥š¸˜É ¦Š„´œ

ž¦³Á£š…o°¤¼¨
Ĝ„µ¦ž¦³„µ«˜´ªÂž¦  œ°„‹µ„„µ¦¦³»—oª¥º°É Áž}œ­nªœÂ¦„   ‹³˜o°Šž¦³„°—oª¥ž¦³Á£š
…o°¤¼¨…°Š˜´ª¦³»…o°¤¼¨¡ºÊœ“µœÄœ£µ¬µ&¤¸—Š´ œ¸Ê
x ‹ÎµœªœÁ˜È¤ LQWHJHU Ánœ
x ‹Îµœªœ‹¦·Š IORDW Ánœ
x ˜´ª°´„…¦³ FKDUDFWHU ÁnœD$

‹Îµ œªœÁ˜È¤ LQWHJHU


‹ÎµœªœÁ˜È¤Äœ£µ¬µ&nŠÅ—o—´Šœ¸Ê
­µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r
­™µ´œ­nŠÁ­¦·¤„µ¦­°œª·š¥µ«µ­˜¦r¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸
„µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜oœ—oª¥£µ¬µ & šš¸É  …o°¤¼¨¡ºÊœ“µœ
œª¨œ—µ­ŠªœªŠ¬rš°Š ®œoµ
ž¦³Á£š…°Š…o°¤¼¨ ‹Îµ œªœ·˜š¸ÉÁ„ȝ…o°¤¼¨ …°Á…˜…°Š‡nµ…°Š…o°¤¼¨
LQW ®¦º° ™¹Š ®¦º°y™¹Š
VKRUW  ™¹Š
ORQJ  ™¹Š
XQVLJQHGLQW  ®¦º° ™¹Š®¦º°™¹Š
XQVLJQHGVKRUW  ®¦º° ™¹Š ®¦º°™¹Š
XQVLJQHGORQJ  ™¹Š
˜µ¦µŠš¸É …œµ—¨³…°Á…˜…°Š‡nµ…°Š…o°¤¼¨ž¦³Á£š‹Îµ œªœÁ˜È¤

×¥ž„˜· VKRUW¨³ORQJ ‹³Á„ȝ‡nµ‹Îµ œªœÁ˜È¤ ˜µ¤š¸ŸÉ ļo o„ε ®œ—˜n LQW‹³¤¸…œµ—®¦º°


·˜…¹Êœ°¥¼n„´œ·—…°ŠÁ‡¦ºÉ°Š‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r
Á¤ºÉ°„ε ®œ—ž¦³Á£š…o°¤¼¨Áž}œLQWVKRUW ¨³ ORQJ ‹³®¤µ¥™¹Š‹Îµ œªœÁ˜È¤š¸É¤Á¸ ‡¦ºÉ°Š®¤µ¥„ε ®œ—
VLJQHG LQWHJHU  Ĝ„µ¦Á„ȝ‹ÎµœªœÁ˜È¤Á®¨nµœ¸Ê‹³˜o°ŠÄo˜· ¦„­Îµ®¦´Á„ȝÁ‡¦ºÉ°Š®¤µ¥ª„®¦º°¨
­nªœ·˜š¸ÁÉ ®¨º°ÄoÁ„ȝ‡nµ…°Š…o°¤¼¨ ­Îµ ®¦´‹Îµ œªœÁ˜È¤š¸ÉŤn¦³»Á‡¦º°É Š®¤µ¥ XQVLJQHG LQWHJHU ŗo„n
XQVLJQHG LQW XQVLJQHG VKRUW ¨³ XQVLJQHG ORQJ ‹³Á„ȝ…o°¤¼¨š¸¤É ‡¸ nµÁž}œª„Ášnµœ´Êœ Ĝ„¦–¸œ¸ÊšÎµ Ä®o
­µ¤µ¦™ÄoÁœºÊ°š¸ÉšŠ´Ê ®¤—Äœ„µ¦Á„ȝ‡nµ…°Š…o°¤¼¨Ž¹ÉŠšÎµÄ®oÁ„ȝ…o°¤¼¨š¸¤É ‡¸ nµ¤µ„…¹ÊœÅ—o

‹Îµ œªœ‹¦·Š UHDO


‹Îµœªœ‹¦·ŠÂnŠ°°„Áž}œž¦³Á£š‡º°IORDW¨³GRXEOH „µ¦‹´—Á„ȝ‹Îµ œªœ‹¦·Š‹³˜o°Š
ž¨Š‹Îµ œªœ‹¦·ŠÄ®o°¥¼nĜ¦¼ž…°Š $[Q ×¥š¸É $   Ž¹ÉŠ $ Áž}œ‹Îµ œªœÁ˜È¤ Á¦µÁ¦¸¥„$ ªnµ
IUDFWLRQ¨³Á¦¸¥„QªnµH[SRQHQW
¨´„¬–³„µ¦‹´—Á„ȝ‹Îµ œªœ‹¦·Š IORDW čoÁœºÊ°š¸Éš´ÊŠ®¤—  ·˜ ץnŠ°°„Áž}œ­µ¤­nªœ
‡º°­nªœš¸ÉÁž}œIUDFWLRQ čoÁœºÊ°š¸É ·˜­nªœš¸ÉÁž}œH[SRQHQWčoÁœºÊ°š¸É ·˜ ¨³Á‡¦ºÉ°Š®¤µ¥Â¨³‡nµ
…°ŠH[SRQHQW·˜
ץ­—Š„µ¦Á„ȝ…o°¤¼¨‹Îµ œªœ‹¦·Š­—ŠÅ—o—´Šœ¸Ê

·˜š¸É ·˜š¸Éh ·˜š¸Éh


Á‡¦ºÉ°Š®¤µ¥ H[SRQHQW IUDFWLRQ
¥„˜´ª°¥nµŠÁnœ

­µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r
­™µ´œ­nŠÁ­¦·¤„µ¦­°œª·š¥µ«µ­˜¦r¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸
„µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜oœ—oª¥£µ¬µ & šš¸É  …o°¤¼¨¡ºÊœ“µœ
œª¨œ—µ­ŠªœªŠ¬rš°Š ®œoµ
¨Îµ —´š¸É )ORDWLQJ3RLQW ­´¨´„¬–ršµŠª·š¥µ«µ­˜¦r ·˜Á‡¦º°É Š®¤µ¥ H[SRQHQW IUDFWLRQ
  [   
  [   
  [   

­Îµ®¦´„µ¦‹´—Á„ȝ‹Îµ œªœ‹¦·Š GRXEOH ‹³ÄoÁœºÊ°š¸ÉĜ„µ¦‹´—Á„ȝš´ŠÊ ®¤—  ·˜ šÎµ Ä®o­µ¤µ¦™


‹´—Á„ȝ‹Îµœªœ‹¦·Šš¸É¤¸‡nµ¤µ„…¹Êœ¨³¤¸‡nµœ´¥­Îµ ‡´ž¦³¤µ–˜ÎµÂ®œnŠĜ…–³š¸É‹Îµœªœ‹¦·ŠIORDW¤¸‡nµ
œ´¥­Îµ‡´˜ÎµÂ®œnŠ
„µ¦°nµœÂ¨³„µ¦Â­—ŠŸ¨‹Îµ œªœÄœ£µ¬µ&
Ĝ„µ¦¦´¦¼žÂ…°Š˜´ªÂž¦š¸É¤¸ž¦³Á£š…o°¤¼¨˜nµŠÇ„´œÁnœ‹ÎµœªœÁ˜È¤‹³¦³»—oª¥G¨³
‹Îµœªœ‹¦·Š‹³¦³»—oª¥I×¥¤¸¦µ¥¨³Á°¸¥—˜µ¤˜µ¦µŠš¸É

ž¦³Á£š…o°¤¼¨ )RUPDW6WULQJ­Îµ®¦´‡Îµ ­´ÉŠVFDQI )RUPDW6WULQJ­Îµ®¦´‡Îµ ­´ÉŠSULQWI


VKRUW KG G
LQW G G
ORQJ OG OG
XQVLJQHGVKRUW KX X
XQVLJQHGLQW X X
XQVLJQHGORQJ OX OX
RFWDOVKRUW KR R
RFWDOLQW R R
RFWDOORQJ OR OR
KH[VKRUW K[ [
KH[LQW [ [
KH[ORQJ O[ O[
IORDW I I
GRXEOH OI I

˜µ¦µŠš¸É ¦¼žÂž¦³Á£š…o°¤¼¨Äœ„µ¦°nµœÂ¨³Â­—ŠŸ¨

­µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r
­™µ´œ­nŠÁ­¦·¤„µ¦­°œª·š¥µ«µ­˜¦r¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸
„µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜oœ—oª¥£µ¬µ & šš¸É  …o°¤¼¨¡ºÊœ“µœ
œª¨œ—µ­ŠªœªŠ¬rš°Š ®œoµ
Ž¹ÉŠG‹³­µ¤µ¦™Âšœ‹Îµ œªœÁ˜È¤š´ÊŠ‹Îµ œªœ¨³I ­µ¤µ¦™¡·¤¡r‡nµš«œ·¥¤š¸É¤Á¸ ¨…®¨´Š‹»—
ŗo™¹Š  ˜ÎµÂ®œnŠ ¨³Á¨…®œoµ‹»—š«œ·¥¤°¸„‹Îµœªœ®œ¹ÉŠ ˜nµŠ‡¦´ÊŠÁ¦µ¡„µ¦¦³»‹Îµœªœ¦³®ªnµŠ¦¼ž
 Ánœ I ®¤µ¥‡ªµ¤ªnµ Á¦µ„ε¨´Š°„„´Á‡¦ºÉ°Š‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦rªnµÁ¦µ˜o°Š„µ¦Ÿ¨¨´¡›rÁž}œÁ¨…š«
œ·¥¤Ž¹ÉŠ¤¸…œµ—®¨´„Áž}œÁ¨…®¨´Š‹»—š«œ·¥¤˜ÎµÂ®œnŠ
˜´ª°¥nµŠš¸É ަ„¦¤­Îµ®¦´„µ¦Â­—ŠŸ¨‡nµ[¨³\š¸ÉÁž}œ…o°¤¼¨ž¦³Á£š‹Îµ œªœÁ˜È¤

LQFOXGHVWGLRK!

PDLQ
^
LQW[\
[ 
\ [
[ 
SULQWI 7KHYDOXHRI[ ?WG?Q[ 
SULQWI 7KHYDOXHRI\ ?WG?Q\ 
UHWXUQ
`  (QGPDLQ 

Ÿ¨¨´¡›rš¸Éŗo

˜´ª°¥nµŠš¸É ަ„¦¤‡Îµœª–¡ºœÊ š¸É­¸ÉÁ®¨¸É¥¤ŸºœŸoµ


LQFOXGHVWGLRK!

PDLQ
^
GRXEOHZLGWKOHQJWKDUHD
SULQWI (QWHUZLGWK?W  
VFDQI OI ZLGWK 
SULQWI (QWHUOHQJWK?W  
VFDQI OI OHQJWK 
DUHD ZLGWK OHQJWK
SULQWI $UHDRIWKLVUHFWDQJOH?W I?QDUHD 
SULQWI $UHDRIWKLVUHFWDQJOHLQH[SRQHQWLDOQRWDWLRQ?W H?QDUHD 
UHWXUQ
` (QGPDLQ 
­µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r
­™µ´œ­nŠÁ­¦·¤„µ¦­°œª·š¥µ«µ­˜¦r¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸
„µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜oœ—oª¥£µ¬µ & šš¸É  …o°¤¼¨¡ºÊœ“µœ
œª¨œ—µ­ŠªœªŠ¬rš°Š ®œoµ
Ÿ¨¨´¡›rš¸Éŗo

°´„…¦³ FKDUDFWHU
°´„…¦³®¤µ¥™¹Š˜´ª°´„¬¦˜´ªÁ¨…¨³˜´ª°´„¬¦¡·Á«¬„µ¦‹´—Á„ȝ˜´ª°´„…¦³ÄœÁ‡¦º°É Š
®¤µ¥‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r‹³‹´—Á„ȝĜ¦¼ž…°Š¦®´­Â°­„¸ $6&,, ¨³Á°ÈŽ·—·„ (%&',& …¹Êœ°¥¼n„´œ·—…°Š
‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r ¦¼žÂ…o°¤¼¨ž¦³Á£š˜´ª°´„…¦³­Îµ®¦´‡Îµ ­´ÉŠVFDQI¨³SULQWI‡º°F

°´„…¦³®¨¸„ HVFDSHFKDUDFWHU
°´„…¦³®¨¸„čo­Îµ ®¦´„ε ®œ—¦¼žÂ„µ¦Â­—ŠŸ¨ Ž¹ÉŠž¦³„°Åž—jª¥Á‡¦ºÉ°Š®¤µ¥ ?
EODFNVODVK ¨oª˜µ¤—oª¥˜´ª°´„…¦³š¸É­—ŠÄœ˜µ¦µŠš¸É   ª·›¸Äo°´„…¦³®¨¸„‡º°‹³Âšœ°´„…¦³®¨¸„š¸É
˜o°Š„µ¦ÅªoÁž}œ­nªœ®œ¹ÉŠ…°ŠIRUPDWVWULQJĜ‡Îµ ­´ÉŠSULQI

°´„…¦³ ‡ªµ¤®¤µ¥
?D ­—ŠÁ­¸¥Š
?E ™°¥®¨´Š
?I )RUPIHHG
?Q …¹Êœ¦¦š´—Ä®¤n
?U ž{—‡¦n
?W ˜´ÊŠ¦³¥³Âœªœ°œ
?Y ˜´ÊŠ¦³¥³Âœª˜´ÊŠ
?? %ODFNVODVK
?" Á‡¦ºÉ°Š®¤µ¥‡Îµ ™µ¤
?u  œš°Š
?w ¢{œ®œ¼
? ‡nµªnµŠ QXOO
?GGG Á¨…“µœÂž—
?[GGG Á¨…“µœ­·®„
˜µ¦µŠš¸É °´„…¦³®¨¸„š¸ÄÉ o„´ ‡Îµ ­´ÉŠÂ­—ŠŸ¨
­µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r
­™µ´œ­nŠÁ­¦·¤„µ¦­°œª·š¥µ«µ­˜¦r¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸
„µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜oœ—oª¥£µ¬µ & šš¸É  …o°¤¼¨¡ºÊœ“µœ
œª¨œ—µ­ŠªœªŠ¬rš°Š ®œoµ
ÁœºÉ°Š‹µ„‡Îµ­´ÉŠ SULQWI ŤnšÎµ„µ¦…¹œÊ ¦¦š´—Ä®¤nÄ®o°¥nµŠ°´˜Ãœ¤´˜· „µ¦šÎµ ŠµœÄœ„µ¦‹´—¦¼žÂ
„µ¦¡·¤¡r‹¹Š˜o°ŠÄo°´„…¦³®¨¸„ HVFDSH FKDUDFWHU  Ánœ ?W WDE  Á¡ºÉ°šÎµ„µ¦Á¨º°É œÅž  nªŠ„´œÊ  ®¦º°?Q
QHZOLQH Á¡ºÉ°­nŠÄ®o…°o ‡ªµ¤™´—Åž…¹Êœ¦¦š´—Ä®¤nÁž}œ˜oœ
°œ¹ÉŠ‹³Á®Èœªnµ°´„…¦³Äœ FRQWUROVWULQJ ¤¸µŠ˜´ªš¸ÁÉ ¦µ°µ‹‹ÎµÁž}œ˜o°ŠÄo ÁnœÁ‡¦º°É Š®¤µ¥Ĝ
„µ¦œ¸ÊÁ¦µ­µ¤µ¦™¦³»Ä®o‡°¤Å¡Á¨°¦r ¤¸„µ¦Á…oµÄ‹ªnµ°´„…¦³—´Š„¨nµªªnµÅ¤nčn°´„…¦³š¸É¦³»ž¦³Á£š…o°¤¼¨
—´Šš¸É„¨nµªÅªo…oµŠ˜oœ—oª¥„µ¦¦³»Á‡¦º°É Š®¤µ¥ v?w %DFNVODVK œÎµ®œoµ°´„…¦³Ánœ
SULQWI ,QWHUHVW5DWH?W?WI??Q,17(5(67 
—oª¥ª·›¸„µ¦œ¸Ê‹³šÎµÄ®o?¤¸‡ªµ¤®¤µ¥Áž}œ„µ¦­´ŠÉ ¡·¤¡r°´„…¦³ĜŸ¨¨´¡›r

˜´ª°¥nµŠš¸É ަ„¦¤Â­—Š„µ¦Á„ȝ‡nµ…°Š˜´ª°´„…¦³Â¨³‹Îµ œªœÁ˜È¤

LQFOXGHVWGLRK!

GHILQH180&+$5
PDLQ
^
XQVLJQHGFKDU&+$5
SULQWI ?QGHFLPDO?W_?WRFWDO?W_?WFKDUDFWHU 
IRU &+$5 &+$5 180&+$5&+$5 &+$5
SULQWI ?QG?W_?WR?W_?WF&+$5&+$5&+$5 
UHWXUQ
` (QGPDLQ 

Ÿ¨¨´¡›rš¸Éŗo

­µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r
­™µ´œ­nŠÁ­¦·¤„µ¦­°œª·š¥µ«µ­˜¦r¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸
„µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜oœ—oª¥£µ¬µ & šš¸É  …o°¤¼¨¡ºÊœ“µœ
œª¨œ—µ­ŠªœªŠ¬rš°Š ®œoµ
‹µ„˜´ª°¥nµŠ‹³Á®Èœªnµ …o°¤¼¨ž¦³Á£š˜´ª°´„…¦³Å—o™¼„‹´—Á„ȝÁž}œ‹ÎµœªœÁ˜È¤Ž¹ÉŠ­µ¤µ¦™œÎµ ¤µ
—εÁœ·œ„µ¦šµŠ‡–·˜«µ­˜¦rŗo
„µ¦°nµœÂ¨³„µ¦Â­—ŠŸ¨…o°¤¼¨ž¦³Á£š°´„…¦³
¨´„¬–³…°Š…o°‡ªµ¤ WH[W ×¥š´ªÉ ÇŞ‹³ž¦³„°—oª¥˜´ª°´„¬¦¤µÁ¦¸¥Š„´œ Ĝ£µ¬µ & ¤¸
¢{Š„rœ´ š¸ÉšÎµ „µ¦­œ´­œ»œ„µ¦‹´—„µ¦„´˜´ª°´„…¦³š¸¨³˜´ªŗo„nJHWFKDU¨³SXWFKDU
×¥š¸É JHWFKDU‹³šÎµ®œoµš¸É°nµœ°´„…¦³˜´ª™´—ŞĜ­µ¥°´„…¦³‹œ„¦³š´ÉŠ¡‡nµtuŽ¹ÉŠ™º°Áž}œ
‹»—­·Êœ­»—…°ŠÂ¢j¤…o°¤¼¨ (QG2I)LOH(2)
SXWFKDUšÎµ®œoµš¸É­—ŠŸ¨°´„…¦³Äœ…o°‡ªµ¤š¸¨³˜´ª

˜´ª°¥nµŠš¸É ަ„¦¤Â­—Š…o°‡ªµ¤š¸É¦´Á…oµ

LQFOXGHVWGLRK!

PDLQ
^
LQW&KDU
&KDU JHWFKDU 
ZKLOH &KDU (2)   ®¤µ¥™¹Š ŤnÁšnµ„´ 
^
SXWFKDU &KDU 
&KDU JHWFKDU 
` (QGZKLOH 
UHWXUQ
` (QGPDLQ 
Ÿ¨¨´¡›rš¸Éŗo

­µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r
­™µ´œ­nŠÁ­¦·¤„µ¦­°œª·š¥µ«µ­˜¦r¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸
„µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜oœ—oª¥£µ¬µ & šš¸É  …o°¤¼¨¡ºÊœ“µœ
œª¨œ—µ­ŠªœªŠ¬rš°Š ®œoµ
˜´ª°¥nµš¸É ަ„¦¤Â­—Š…o°‡ªµ¤š¸É¦´Á…oµÃ—¥Â­—ŠÁ¨…š¸É¦¦š´—
LQFOXGHVWGLRK!
PDLQ
^
LQW&KDU/DVW&KDU/LQH1R
FKDUH
H 


SULQWI ?Q?W/LQH1R?Q 
/LQH1R 
IRU /DVW&KDU 
?Q
 &KDU JHWFKDU  H /DVW&KDU &KDU
^
LI /DVW&KDU 
?Q

^
/LQH1R /LQH1R
SULQWI ?WG?W/LQH1R 
` (QGLI 
SXWFKDU &KDU 
` (QGIRU 
UHWXUQ
` (QGPDLQ 

Ÿ¨¨´¡›rš¸Éŗo

­µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r
­™µ´œ­nŠÁ­¦·¤„µ¦­°œª·š¥µ«µ­˜¦r¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸
„µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜oœ—oª¥£µ¬µ & šš¸É  …o°¤¼¨¡ºÊœ“µœ
œª¨œ—µ­ŠªœªŠ¬rš°Š ®œoµ
 ¢{Š„r´œÄœ„µ¦š—­°˜´ª°´„…¦³
£µ¬µ & ¤¸¢{Š„rœ´ Á¡ºÉ°ÄoĜ„µ¦š—­°˜´ª°´„…¦³ Ž¹ÉŠ‹´—Á„ȝĜ‡¨´Š‡Îµ­´ÉŠÄœÂ¢j¤FW\SHK Ž¹ÉŠ
‹³˜o°ŠÁ¦¸¥„čo—oª¥‡Îµ ­´ÉŠLQFOXGHFW\SHK! Ūoš¸É˜°œ˜oœ…°ŠÃž¦Â„¦¤¦µ¥¨³Á°¸¥—…°Š¢{Š„r´œ —´Š
˜µ¦µŠš¸É

ºÉ°¢{Š„r´œ ‡ªµ¤®¤µ¥
LVDOSKD š—­°ªnµÁž}œ°´„¬¦£µ¬µ°´Š„§¬ D]$= ®¦º°Å¤n
LVORZHU š—­°ªnµÁž}œ°´„¬¦£µ¬µ°´Š„§¬˜´ª¡·¤¡rÁ¨È„ D] ®¦º°Å¤n
LVXSSHU š—­°ªnµÁž}œ°´„¬¦£µ¬µ°´Š„§¬˜´ª¡·¤¡rÄ®n $= ®¦º°Å¤n
LVDOQXP š—­°ªnµÁž}œ°´„¬¦£µ¬µ°´Š„§¬ ˜´ªÁ¨… D]$= ®¦º°Å¤n
LVGLJLW š—­°ªnµÁž}œ ˜´ªÁ¨…  ®¦º°Å¤n
LV[GLJLW š—­°ªnµÁž}œ ˜´ªÁ¨…“µœ­·®„ DI$) ®¦º°Å¤n
LVVSDFH š—­°ªnµÁž}œš¸ÉªnµŠ?W?Y?I ?U®¦º°?Q®¦º°Å¤n
LVFQWUO š—­°ªnµÁž}œ°´„…¦³‡ª‡»¤ [[) ®¦º°°´„…¦³„µ¦¨ [) ®¦º°Å¤n
LVSXQFW š—­°ªnµÁž}œÁ‡¦ºÉ°Š®¤µ¥ª¦¦‡˜°œ ®¦º°Å¤n
LVJUDSK š—­°ªnµÁž}œ°´„…¦³š¸É­µ¤µ¦™Â­—ŠŸ¨œ®œoµ‹°Å—o®¦º°Å¤n
,VDVFLL š—­°ªnµÁž}œ°´„…¦³Â°­„¸®¦º°Å¤n
,VSULQW š—­°ªnµÁž}œ°´„…¦³š¸É­µ¤µ¦™¡·¤¡rŗo®¦º°Å¤n
˜µ¦µŠš¸É ¦µ¥¨³Á°¸¥—…°Š¢{Š„r´œLQFOXGHFW\SHK!

Ĝ„µ¦ÄoŠµœÂ˜n¨³¢{Š„r´œ‹³‡ºœ‡nµÄ— Ç š¸ÅÉ ¤nčnÁ¨…«¼œ¥r ®µ„„µ¦š—­°Áž}œ‹¦·Š


¨³‹³‡ºœ‡nµ«¼œ¥r®µ„„µ¦š—­°Áž}œÁšÈ‹Ánœ
™oµ˜o°Š„µ¦š—­°ªnµ˜´ª°´„…¦³œ´ÊœÁž}œ˜´ª¡·¤¡rÁ¨È„®¦º°Å¤n°µ‹šÎµÅ—o—´Šœ¸Ê
LI LVORZHU &KDU  
SULQWI v,WLVDORZHUFDVHOHWWHU?Qw 
®¦º°
LI LVORZHU &KDU
SULQWI v,WLVDORZHUFDVHOHWWHU?Qw 

­µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r
­™µ´œ­nŠÁ­¦·¤„µ¦­°œª·š¥µ«µ­˜¦r¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸
„µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜oœ—oª¥£µ¬µ & šš¸É  …o°¤¼¨¡ºÊœ“µœ
œª¨œ—µ­ŠªœªŠ¬rš°Š ®œoµ
˜´ª°¥nµŠš¸É ަ„¦¤Â­—Š„µ¦œ´‹Îµ œªœ‡Îµ…°Š…o°¤¼¨œÎµ Á…oµ

LQFOXGHVWGLRK!
LQFOXGHFW\SHK!
 SULQWRQO\$OSKDEHWLF 
GHILQH21
GHILQH2))

PDLQ
^
LQW&KDU:RUGQF
QF 
:RUG 2))
SULQWI ?Q 
ZKLOH &KDU JHWFKDU  (2)
LI LVDOSKD &KDU __ :RUG LVGLJLW &KDU
^
SXWFKDU &KDU 
:RUG 21
` (QGLI 
HOVH
LI :RUG
^
SXWFKDU
?W

QF
:RUG 2))
` (QGLI 
SULQWI 1XPEHURIZRUGVLQWKLVOLQH GQF 
UHWXUQ
` (QGPDLQ 

Ÿ¨¨´¡›rš¸Éŗo

œ°„‹µ„œ¸Ê¥´Š¤¸¢{Š„r´œš¸ÉšÎµ„µ¦Âž¨Š˜´ª°´„¬¦£µ¬µ°´Š„§¬‹µ„˜´ª¡·¤¡rÁ¨È„Áž}œ˜´ª¡·¤¡rÄ®n
®¦º°„¨´„´œ¨³¢{Š„r´œÂž¨Š˜´ª°´„¬¦Áž}œ¦®´­Â°­„¸—´Šœ¸Ê

­µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r
­™µ´œ­nŠÁ­¦·¤„µ¦­°œª·š¥µ«µ­˜¦r¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸
„µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜oœ—oª¥£µ¬µ & šš¸É  …o°¤¼¨¡ºÊœ“µœ
œª¨œ—µ­ŠªœªŠ¬rš°Š ®œoµ

ºÉ°¢{Š„r´œ ‡ªµ¤®¤µ¥
WRORZHU Áž¨¸¥É œ°´„¬¦£µ¬µ°´Š„§¬‹µ„˜´ª¡·¤¡rÄ®nÁž}œ˜´ª¡·¤¡rÁ¨È„ œ°„œ´ÊœÅ¤nÁž¨¸É¥œÂž¨Š
WRXSSHU Áž¨¸¥É œ°´„¬¦£µ¬µ°´Š„§¬‹µ„˜´ª¡·¤¡rÁ¨È„Áž}œ˜´ª¡·¤¡rÄ®n œ°„œ´ÊœÅ¤nÁž¨¸É¥œÂž¨Š
WRDVFLL Áž¨¸É¥œ‹µ„˜´ª°´„¬¦Áž}œ¦®´­Â°­„¸
˜µ¦µŠš¸É ¢{Š„r´œÄœ„µ¦Âž¨Š˜´ª°´„¬¦£µ¬µ°´Š„§¬

˜´ª°¥nµŠš¸É „µ¦Äo¢{Š„r´œWRORZHUÁ¡ºÉ°Áž¨¸É¥œ˜´ª°´„¬¦¡·¤¡rÄ®nÄ®oÁž}œ¡·¤¡rÁ¨È„ ˜´ª°´„¬¦°ºÉœÇš¸É


Ťnčn˜ª´ ¡·¤¡rÄ®n‹³Å¤nÁž¨¸É¥œÂž¨Š
LQFOXGHVWGLRK!
LQFOXGHFW\SHK!
PDLQ
^
LQW&KDU/DVW&KDU/LQH1R1XPRIOLQH
FKDUH
H 


SULQWI ?Q?W/LQH1R?Q 
/LQH1R 
1XPRIOLQH 
IRU /DVW&KDU 
?Q
 &KDU JHWFKDU  H /DVW&KDU &KDU
^
LI /DVW&KDU 
?Q

^
/LQH1R /LQH1R
SULQWI ?WG?W/LQH1R 
1XPRIOLQH
` (QGLI 
SXWFKDU WRORZHU &KDU 
` (QGIRU 
SULQWI ?W1XPEHURI/LQHV G?W1XPRIOLQH 
UHWXUQ
` (QGPDLQ 

Ÿ¨¨´¡›rš¸Éŗo

­µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r
­™µ´œ­nŠÁ­¦·¤„µ¦­°œª·š¥µ«µ­˜¦r¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸
„µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜oœ—oª¥£µ¬µ & šš¸É  …o°¤¼¨¡ºÊœ“µœ
œª¨œ—µ­ŠªœªŠ¬rš°Š ®œoµ
˜´ª°¥nµŠš¸É Áž¨¸¥É œ„µ¦Äo¢{Š„r´œWRORZHUĜ˜´ª°¥nµŠš¸ÉÁž}œWRXSSHU
LQFOXGHVWGLRK!
LQFOXGHFW\SHK!

PDLQ
^
LQW&KDU/DVW&KDU/LQH1R1XPRIOLQH
FKDUH
H 


SULQWI ?Q?W/LQH1R?Q 
/LQH1R 
1XPRIOLQH 
IRU /DVW&KDU 
?Q
 &KDU JHWFKDU  H /DVW&KDU &KDU
^
LI /DVW&KDU 
?Q

^
/LQH1R /LQH1R
SULQWI ?WG?W/LQH1R 
1XPRIOLQH
` (QGLI 
SXWFKDU WRXSSHU &KDU 
` (QGIRU 
SULQWI ?W1XPEHURI/LQHV G?W1XPRIOLQH 
UHWXUQ
` (QGPDLQ 

Ÿ¨¨´¡›rš¸Éŗo

­µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r
­™µ´œ­nŠÁ­¦·¤„µ¦­°œª·š¥µ«µ­˜¦r¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸
„µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜oœ—oª¥£µ¬µ & šš¸É  …o°¤¼¨¡ºÊœ“µœ
œª¨œ—µ­ŠªœªŠ¬rš°Š ®œoµ
˜´ª°¥nµŠš¸É ަ„¦¤Âž¨Š˜´ª°´„¬¦š¸¦É ´Á…oµÁž}œ˜´ªÁ¨È„¨³œ´‹Îµœªœ‡Îµ…°Š…o°‡ªµ¤
LQFOXGHVWGLRK!
LQFOXGHFW\SHK!

GHILQH21
GHILQH2))

PDLQ
^
LQW&KDU:RUGQF
QF 
:RUG 2))
SULQWI ?Q 
ZKLOH &KDU JHWFKDU  (2)
LI LVDOSKD &KDU __ :RUG LVGLJLW &KDU
^
SXWFKDU WRORZHU &KDU  &KDQJHWRORZHUFDVH 
:RUG 21
` (QGLI 
HOVH
LI :RUG
^
SXWFKDU
?W

QF
:RUG 2))
` (QGLI 
SULQWI 1XPEHURIZRUGVLQWKLVOLQH GQF 
UHWXUQ
` (QGPDLQ 

Ÿ¨¨´¡›rš¸Éŗo

­µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r
­™µ´œ­nŠÁ­¦·¤„µ¦­°œª·š¥µ«µ­˜¦r¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸
„µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜oœ—oª¥£µ¬µ & šš¸É  …o°¤¼¨¡ºÊœ“µœ
œª¨œ—µ­ŠªœªŠ¬rš°Š ®œoµ
 f„®´—šoµ¥š
ºÉ°˜´ªÂž¦˜n°Åžœ¸ÊºÉ°Ä—™¼„˜o°Š˜µ¤„‘„µ¦˜´ŠÊ ºÉ°…°Š£µ¬µ & Ä®o¥„˜´ª°¥nµŠÃ—¥„µ¦Á…¸¥œÃž¦Â„¦¤
Ž¹ÉŠÄoºÉ°˜´ªÂž¦œ´Éœž¦³„°
D 7KHDWHU
E 5RDG
F 5RDG 
G 9
‹ŠÁ…¸¥œ‹Îµ œªœ˜n°Åžœ¸ÊĜ¦¼žÂ…°Š„µ¦ž¦³„µ«Äœ£µ¬µ&
D 
E 
ަ„¦¤˜n°Åžœ¸Ê¤š¸ Ÿ¸É —· °¥¼n®¨µ¥‹»—Ä®o„oŅ¨³¦³»Ÿ¨¨´¡›r

LQFOXGHVWGLRK!
 H[FFSS 
FKDU;<=
PDLQ
^
; 
,

< 
/

= 
8

SXWFKDU [ SXWFKDU < ; \
SXWFKDU < SXWFKDU ; SXWFKDU = 
SXWFKDU ?Q 
UHWXUQ
`

Ä®oÁ…¸¥œÃž¦Â„¦¤Á¡º°É œ´‹Îµœªœ¦¦š´—š´ÊŠ®¤—š¸žÉ °j œ…o°¤¼¨


Ä®o¡·¤¡rÁŒ¡µ³˜´ªÁ¨…š¸°É ¥¼nĜž¦³Ã¥‡œ´œÊ Ç

­µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r
­™µ´œ­nŠÁ­¦·¤„µ¦­°œª·š¥µ«µ­˜¦r¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸

You might also like