What is

globalisation?

Definition
Held et al (1999)
The widening, deepening and speeding
up of worldwide interconnectedness in
all aspects of life, from the cultural to
the criminal, the financial to the
spiritual.

Whats caused globalisation?

- Global media
- Internet
- Cheap air travel
- Opening up of the global financial market
- Easy migration

Because the world has globalised, its opened

up a new avenue of crime...
Castells argues that the new global criminal economy is
now worth 1 trillion per year.

What types of crimes do you think have

appeared?
Arms Trafficking

Women and
Children
Trafficking

Immigrant
Trafficking

Nuclear material
Trafficking

Sex Tourism

What types of crimes do you think have

appeared?
Organ Trafficking

Green Crimes

Cyber Crimes

International
Terrorism

What types of crimes do you think have

appeared?

Drugs Trade

Smuggling of legal goods

Smuggling of
Artifacts

Animal Smuggling

Money
Laundering

This process relies on two sides.. supply and

demand...
In Columbia, 20% of their population relies on cocaine
production to survive.
What would Marxists say about this?
have a look at p128

Read your article on global crime

problems
Summarise it, and get ready to share your
summary with everybody else.

McMafia - A reaction to globalisation

What do you think it is?

McMafia - Glenny (2008)

The Russian mafia was formed in the break up
of the Soviet Union. The capitalist class sold
oil to Western countries for big profits and
turned to the mafia to protect their wealth.

State Crimes - Green & Ward (2005)

Illegal or deviant activities perpetrated by, or
with the complicity of, state agencies.
Theyre committed by or on behalf of the
government to further their policies. BUT
doesnt include acts which benefit individuals (eg
bribes).

Traditional criminology focuses on street crimes, and

ignored suit crimes.
Chambliss (1989) argues that all crimes should be studied
and not just crimes as a result of capitalism.

According to McLaughlin (2001) there are 4

categories of state crimes
Political Crimes
Crimes by Security
Economic Crimes
Social and Cultural Crimes

Political Crimes
Using torture
Treason (going against your nation)
Election tampering
Corruption
Censorship

Crimes by Security
Genocide
Torture
Getting rid of dissidents (people who go
against society)

Economic Crimes
Violation of health and safety laws

Social and Cultural Crimes

Institutional Racism

R.J Rummel

Between 1900 and 1987 more than 169 million

people have been murdered by governments.
This excludes people who have been killed
during wars (around 35 million).

The state is the source of the Law

Its the role of the state to define what is criminal, to
manage the CJS and to prosecute offenders.

Pol Pot - believed to have killed more than 2

million people whilst in power in Cambodia in 1975
and 1978.
This is of the country's population.