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Vegetation

Water Bodies
Water bodies should be placed in the direction of hot winds to maximise
the cooling effect. If placed in a courtyard, they increase humidity
during the humid monsoon period.

Open Spaces and Built forms

Plan form and Elements


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Building Orientation
Buildings should be oriented in the East West axis with their longer
sides faced towards the North and South. This reduced the entry of suns
radiation through faade openings when the azimuth is low.

Roof Form and Elements

Fenestrations
In the northern faade, larger openings invite daylight throughout the
day, while the East and West should be shaded with verticals fins and
long horizontal sun shades for the South.

Materials, Colours and Textures


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Internal Layouts
The West wall must be a dead wall that allows no heat gain, also nonhabitable spaces are placed in the West side to create buffer zones.
(toilets, stairs etc.)

Advance Cooling Techniques


Apart from all building parameters which aid in occupant comfort, these
are devices which cool (wind towers and evaporative coolers) and also
insulate (Earth Berming) the building using passive techniques.

Ventilation
Cross-ventilation and the increase in stack effect are factors which must be considered for
increasing the thermal comfort in the built structure. Proper planning of wall openings and
the ventilator windows in the roof increase ventilation in the building.

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