Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Seoul
draws
a city
through
sharing
| Hyun-kyung Park
ISBN
| 979-11-87182-01-6
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Under the following terms |
Attribution
You must give credit to CC KOREA and Bo-ra Jung
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about this book.
Website
| http://sharehub.kr
Facebook | https://www.facebook.com/sharehub.kr
Twitter
| https://twitter.com/sharehub_kr
Table of Content
Intro
History
Project
People
Cases
People
Project
Value
Sharing A to Z
Outro
Seoul,
please take care of Sharing City132
Intro
the public sector forever. Seoul had to find a way to solve problems
between neighbours. The plan was named as Sharing City Seoul and
without putting additional resources in. The only way was making
Seoul declared the Sharing City Seoul initiative on the same day.
use of existing resources that had been in use. And sharing was also
needed in order to recover community spirit that had been lost during
Sharing City. Back then, it was just a sketch in the imagination before
being presented on canvas. Seoul described it as Seoul that solves
parking space; and boosting B&Bs rather than building new lodging
what you have with someone else who needs it and using or spending
and spaces in a city or district which are otherwise prone to crime and
resource.
vandalism can give vitality to the neighbourhood if they are turned into
something with others or use them together with others, there must
network among people and establish trust. There was a belif that
sharing economy services could bring back the community spirit that
Before starting to talk about why Sharing City, Seoul got off the
And CC Korea has joined forces with SMG in the Sharing City
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11
1
Building
a foundation
for Sharing City
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13
Infographic
Solving Seouls
urban issues
through sharing
Lets set the clock back to December 2015. When people need
something, they buy it. Even if you rarely use it, you have to buy
it anyway if you want to use it. But what if people can share it
together rather than everyone buy one each? We can realise this
idea in the 21st-century Seoul. Lets try one at a time. Its not
that hard.
Designed by SLOWALK
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Traffic congestion,
Environmental pollution
Sharing solution |
Sharing solution |
Sharing cars
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18
Scarcity of accommodations
for tourists
Sharing solution |
Sharing solution |
19
Sharing solution |
20
Opening facilities to
the public
21
2012
History
Looking back on
Sharing City Seoul
SMG declared Sharing City in September 2012 and has since
CC BY Seoul
CCL unapplied
CC BY Seoul
9.20
9.24
10.30
12.31
22
23
2013
4.15
4.18
8.1~3
1.10~4.18
Every Saturday
from 8.3~9.7
1.18~2.3
8.21
232 entries for the brand identity category, 1,447 entries for the slogan
category, and 1,151 entries for the category of the brand of Seouls carsharing service
2.14
Sep~Oct
2.21
24
25
2014
End of Oct~
End of Nov Public experience events
Jointly organised by SMG, Share Hub, sharing organisations and enterprises
11.6
1.27
2.12
3.5
3.22~4.26
26
27
4.1
8.21
4.3
7.7~7.11
(4 sessions)
Discussed key agenda and talked about regulations around urban B&Bs
and space sharing services
8.30~31
10.29
7.28
11.10
12.18
28
8.14
7.22
12.23
29
2015
Preparing
Sharing City Seoul Season 2
4.30
5.30
6.17
CC BY OEC
1.26~2.25
6.20~7.25
3.19
7.30
8.24
8.24
4.20
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31
9.16~17
9.22
11.25~12.23
12.29
12.31
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Project
5 key policies
for Sharing City Seoul
SMG built the foundation for the sharing city project to take
root. It enacted the Ordinance on the Promotion of Sharing
and set up an advisory committee that would help improve
related laws and institutions. It added sharing city to the list of
35
Share Point
The Sharing Promotion Ordinance means the Sharing City project has been
36
37
provided support to them since 2013 when SMG initiated the Sharing
taxes and in this case the Sharing Promotion Ordinance provides that legal
ground.
38
Share Point
SMGs idea is making the Sharing City Project led by private companies
and participated by citizens. In its picture, SMG plays the role of building
institutions and infrastructure to facilitate the Sharing City Project. It hopes
to see that ideas and experiments spring up from the private sector, not
from the government. This is why SMG designates sharing enterprises and
organisations and provides administrative and financial support to them.
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41
Areas that need improved regulations for the Sharing City Seoul Initiative
Area
Needed improvements
Related regulations
Transportation
Article 81 of Passenger
Transport Service Act
Tourism
Taxation
Parking lots
Food industry
Insurance
Construction
Not only sharing economy services in the private sector but also
SMGs Sharing City project itself are sometimes not in accordance
with existing laws. For example, even if a restaurant or a church wants
to let others use their space when not in use, it cant because of legal
constraints. A religious facility is not exempt from taxes if it is not used
for its relevant purposes. Different rules may apply to restaurants
depending on their business size and type. It was in practice hard to
share space without breaking such rules.
It was not easy to realise the idea of sharing with others. Current
rules were not made in consideration of the situation where people
share something together, after all. While pushing ahead with
the Sharing City initiative, SMG searched for regulations that
would drag sharing companies down. It examined areas including
transportation, tourism, taxation, parking lots, food industry,
insurance, and infrastructure, as shown in the table below.
SMG reviewed laws and institutions while taking concrete cases
42
into account. For example, in the case of parking lots, SMG tried to
find a solution for local residents who share their on-road parking
lot to pay reduced parking fees. It turned out that, to realise the
Share Point
SMG used the Autonomous Gu Incentive System to promote the
Sharing City project to local gu districts. The system is intended to
encourage more participation from 25 gu district offices in Seouls
It was not easy for SMG to provide support to private sharing economy
services without violating laws. Lets think about room-sharing services as
an example. There is a intermediary service that helps you let your house to
someone else for a day or two, or even for a month. This is a good idea in
that it can increase available urban tourist accommodations without building
new hotel or motel facilities. The problem is that it is highly likely that this
practice is against the Tourism Promotion Act. There are lots of detailed
provisions regarding the size of the building, foreign language skills, and
the type of guests you can accept (foreigners only). You cannot encourage
participation from citizens until you update existing laws and institutions
not more than 5 parking lots available get 0.5 point, those with not
more than 6 get 1 point, those with no more than 7 get 1.5 point,
and those with 8 or more get 2 points.
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to Nanum Car.
Share Point
Thanks to the gu incentive system, SMG now can use 873 public
parking lots in 25 gu districts as Nanum Car Zones, which means it
has secured parking space for 2,032 vehicles (as of October 2015.)
SMG added Sharing City Project to the list of evaluation criteria of the gu
car-sharing category into the list while it created the category of the
promotion of sharing of public resources in gu districts in 2014. Social
Innovation Bureau under SMGs Administration Division allocated a total of
0.5 billion Korean Won to the incentive system and evaluated performance
activities.
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SMG decided to share public space in the city and gu districts with
its citizens. One of the reasons was there were increasing need for
stipulates that SMG may rent out public facilities to citizens with
a small fee in May 2012. And the Seoul City Council approved the
legislation and enacted Seoul Metropolitan Government Ordinance
on the Opening of Dormant Space in Public Facilities in July 2012.
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SMG plans to set up separate security systems for the office area
2012.
Not only public facilities, but also public data is also subject to
this open policy. SMG launched a beta version of Open Data Plaza
Share Point
separate reservation system and didnt build new facilities neither. Its strategy
was to use something that exists and not to reinvent the wheel. With this
project, the Reservation for Public service website was able to be better
known to Seoul citizens while meeting rooms and lecture rooms at gu district
facilities and community service centres that would otherwise have remained
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for Open Data Plaza and Information Communication Agora. The whole
process was described in the White Paper on Seoul Open Data Plaza (by
Director of Information Systems Division, Information System Planning
Bureau, Seoul Metropolitan Government, December 2013) and the White
Paper on Seoul Information Communication Agora (Information Disclosure
Policy Division, June 2014). And the content of the two white papers were
released online. SMG noted in the White Paper on the Seoul Information
Communication Agora that the process of developing a website and system
to make administrative documents publicly available online was the first of
its kind to attempt to provide an information disclosure service built upon a
consumer-centered paradigm.
References
Seoul Metropolitan Government Ordinance on the Opening of Dormant Space
in Public Facilities
Pre-announcement of the legislation, Sep 20, 2012
Press release by SMG, Oct 28, 2011
Reservation for Public service
Information Communication Agora
Seoul Open Data Plaza
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People
People behind
Sharing City Seoul
Sharing City Project has gained momentum with the
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City Project.
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Behind SMGs Sharing City Project, there has been the Sharing
promotion of sharing;
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References
The Sharing Promotion Committee on SMG Information Communication Agora
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CC Korea
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2
Collect,
Connect
and Spread
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Infographic
Designed by SLOWALK
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People
We asked around people who have been with Share Hub how
they saw Share Hub and how they would tell to other people if
they were to recommend Share Hub. From sharing is fun thing
to do to sharing is a window to the new era of sharing, there
were a variety of interesting answers. (The answers below are
ShareHub is Community
Lauren Anderson,
Collaborative Consumption Team
Hak-yong Song,
Seoul Metropolitan Government
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Ah-ryeong Kim,
Information on Sharing?
Go to Share Hub!
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Project
Dreaming a square
for Sharing City
Online Platform
The online platform Share Hub(www.sharehub.kr) is a core part of
Share Hub project. The website provides information such as domestic
and international news about sharing, information on domestic sharing
enterprises and organizations, events related to sharing, and Sharing
Seoul policies. It was launched in 2013 and has gone through two
rounds of reform to have its current structure. Currently more than
1,400 content are provided through the website and more than 2
million users have visited its website and blog as of December 2015.
- All these hopes were what made the dream of Share Hub
come true. Share Hub team realised these vague wishes while
2013
2014
2015(Now)
With the launch of the online platform that can be a stronghold for
activities of collecting, connecting and spreading in June 2013, the
Share Hub project was started. Its goal was to become an online
square which gathered domestic news around Sharing City Seoul
and any other sharing related activities and connected sharing
entrepreneurs, policymakers, and activists with each other.
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Share Point
Share Hub overhauled usability of the website menu and improved the
website features every year. In the beginning, the team was obsessed with the
big picture as a hub and thought it should be able to support all desirable
features. But it turned out they couldnt agree on key menu items and hence
couldnt make much progress. So they developed a step-by-step strategy
of managing the content by itself in the first year and then moving to an
open platform later on while taking advantage of existing social media for
community engagement.
Share Hub team distributes content updated on the website to other channels
such as blog, Facebook, and twitter and keep monitoring users response on
each content. Peoples feedback not only gives an idea for an editorial article
produced by Share Hub but also builds the foundation for other activities
such as organising a seminar. In fact, high interest in the information on
References
space sharing led to a related seminar and lots of searches on tool rental
rental services.
Twitter
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Results | http://goo.gl/DhFxKC
Conferences
Title
Seminars
Title
Sharing Economy
Senior-junior meetups
CC Conference
Real Face of Sharing
Overview
Overview
Results | http://goo.gl/lbNcau
economy companies
Results | http://goo.gl/ZwK3J5
directions
Results | http://goo.gl/yHQ55H
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CC International
Conference
Share everything,
connect everything
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Campaigns
Results | http://goo.gl/E4Bmkx
Title
Share Week
Overview
When | Oct 25, 2013 - Nov 1, 2013
Where | Across Seoul
programs registered)
Results | http://goo.gl/bKvOgK
http://photo.naver.com/galleryn/100000022
sharing
Keynote speakers
Results | Videos
Graphic recordings1
Graphic recordings2
E-book
Korean PDF
English PDF
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Results | http://goo.gl/lxaxuC
2013, 2014
Global Sharing Day
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Share Point
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easy to read. We felt that we still needed books that give a direction
to the public in 2013 and published Share Hub Annual Report online
in 2014. And in 2015, Share Hub introduced activities of the Sharing
City project for the past 3 years through this book, Seoul draws a city
through sharing.
Korean
English
English
for the past three years since Seouls declaration of Sharing City.
These would also be basic reference materials for a potential
research project about Sharing City in the future. Seoul draws a
city through sharing tells stories of SMG (government), CC Korea
Networking
Share Point
600 - this is the number of business cards Share Hub team have
received for the past three years. People from more than 15 countries
visited the team in person or contacted online to learn more about
Seouls Sharing City activities. The team visited other cities such as
Busan, Daejeon, Gwangju, Seongnam, and Jeonju where there were
interest and movement around Sharing City and introduced sharing.
Sharing entrepreneurs were also invited to casual chicken n beer or
picnic box meet-ups organised by Share Hub team.
Share Hub produced a book or a report at the end of every year; it wanted
to share its experience with others and to produce basic building materials for
future Sharing City activities. All produced materials are made available on/
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got together to share what they have achieved for the past year and
got inspiration for their future direction.
Share Point
Share Hub team also supported other activities around sharing city
and sharing economy, from research, book publication, to media
interview and coverage. It also played the role of a coordinator
for Sharing City Seoul by connecting sharing companies and
Sharing City? What are the challenges you face when you work with sharing
companies? How do you resolve conflicts with exiting industries? Do you see
much participation from citizens? How do you run Share Hub?, etc. When
you look closely into whatre behind those questions, you can draw out some
key challenges you have to deal with in the future: making full use of Seouls
strengths; forming a social consensus on sharing businesses and improving
laws and regulations for that; raising public awareness about sharing among
citizens; and obtaining sustainability of Share Hub. And a key message from
these common questions is that people want to see Seoul sets an example
of dealing with challenges that are also shared by other cities and achieving
desired outcomes. With this in mind, Share Hub team always looks back on
its path and reviews what they need to work more on whenever they prepare
an interview.
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Value
Values pursued
by Share Hub
Share Hub is a project initiated by CC Korea in order to help
more people understand the value and meaning of sharing more
easily. It is aimed to collect information and news related to
sharing, developing and providing a list of companies that offer
sharing services, introducing the governments sharing policies,
and playing the role of a hub that connects the government,
businesses, and organisations so that sharing culture takes root
Culture
in our society.
Sharing is not an opposite of ownership nor a panacea. But
we can make use of existing resources rather than create
everything we need, sharing our knowledge and skills and
getting inspiration. And through the dialogues inevitably
occurred during the process, we can restore community
spirits that have been forgotten for a while in the dialogues.
Sharing that takes root in our daily life - thats the future
desired by Share Hub.
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Collaboration
The three years experience reminds us of the importance of
cooperation again. Throughout the process where we draw
Sustainability
We need time if we want to create a culture through
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Behind Story
How come CC Korea has been with Share Hub? Or, how Share
Hub has become part of CC Korea?
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expected that the culture of sharing not only tangible resources but
is a sort of a sign that means the author authorises others to use his/
life.
conditions in advance such as You are free to use the work only
if you give appropriate credit or You are free to use the work
for non-commercial purposes as long as you give appropriate
on the Share Hub website while Share Hub is a key channel for
the case when SMG turned to sharing economy services and looked
for advice from the private sector. For SMG, CC Korea serves as a
channel through which they can hear the voices of citizens and civic
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3
Creating
value
together
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Infographic
SMG-recognized sharing
enterprises/organisations by area
The infographic below shows 63 sharing enterprises and organisations
designated by SMG from 2013 to 2015 by area. (The data is as of
June 2015 - JaenungNet was designated as a sharing enterprise on
December 31, 2015 and was not included in this infographic.)
Designed by SLOWALK
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Cases
Sinrim Agit :
Turning an abandoned building
to a community centre
What if turning an abandoned senior citizen center building into a place
for residents? Urban Hybrid, SMGs pre social enterprise wonderfully
turned an abandoned building in Shinrim-dong, Gwanak-gu into a
wonderful place for local community.
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Who?
Share Point
Urban Hybrid(http://urbanhybrid.co.kr)
Urban Hybrid is a community development company that is committed
to invigorating local community through fair development. Urban Hybrid
defines fair development as an alternative development that overcomes
limitations of physical development. It is a sustainable development that
creates new value by making use of existing resources in the community,
give positive influence on interested parties in the community, and
be flexible in responding to changes in the community.
What?
was abandoned for 4 years after the senior citizen centre moved
out. Urban Hybrid and Gwanak-gu district office co-invested in
the building to turn it into a place for the local community called
Sinrim Agit. The first floor is used for local community programs
How?
the building that had not been used for 4 years and then rented it out
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old Sinil Senior Citizen Center moved out. Its not hard
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2015.
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Nanum Car:
Alternative public transportation
enabled by sharing
1 out of 4 citizens owns a car in Seoul. But 35% of them, i.e. 770,000
vehicles run less than 7,000km a year while 15% or 330,000 vehicles
are on the road only on weekends. If it is easy to use a car when you
actually need it, you dont necessarily have to own a car and pay lots of
money to manage it. Moreover, less cars means less traffic congestions
and less air pollution. In order to solve this issue, Socar worked together
Socar
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Who?
Socar + SMG
Share Point
Socar(http://www.socar.kr)
Socar provides economic and eco-friendly car-sharing services. It is
a social innovation enterprise that presents a flexible and reasonable
alternative of using vehicles. It makes user convenience as a priority
to promote a more reasonable consumer culture in using vehicles.
What?
not only by Socar, but also by Green Car, Carssum, and HanCar.)
How?
116
Exempt traffic tax from large shopping malls that provide their parking
lots to Nanum Car service are exempt from traffic congestion tax.
Socar not only provides car-sharing services but also gives benefits such as
Low-income families and people with disabilities can use the service for
People who often use public transportation may receive free coupons
117
the brand Nanum Car and looked for companies who provide
management, to settling up fees. But using an existing private carsharing service can address this.
The parking lot project was implemented for almost 10 years. But
SMG thought that was not a perfect solution. It thought it was
not desirable if building more parking lots meant less space for
didnt necessarily have to own a car and still use a car when he
or she needs it. And that meant no need of a parking lot per each
118
And then private car-sharing services was starting to come into the
market. Green Car and Socar were in the media spotlight and drew
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Who?
Share Point
Wisdome + SMG
Wisdome (http://www.wisdo.me)
Wisdome is a service that allow people to freely meet peoples stories
like you read a human book from a human library. It provides
a sharing platform that enables people to grow by sharing knowledge
and experience and networking.
What?
of each area
How?
process)
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while users select a person from the list who has a story
session.
more people.
124
on Sharing City
125
conference project.
services.
and cite the source and license their new creations under
identical terms.
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Who?
What?
How?
CC BY OEC
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Share Point
130
residents in March and April 2015 and OEC was in charge of the
management of the programs.
131
Seoul,
please take care of Sharing City
Outro
Its been three years since Seoul launched its efforts to promote
Sharing City initiative. For the past 3 years, Seoul paved the way for
a Sharing City while CC Korea established Share Hub and collected,
connected and spread information and people around Sharing City.
Meanwhile, sharing companies also joined to create valuable cases.
On September 20, 2012 when Seoul declared the Sharing City Seoul
initiative, SMG proposed legislations on the enactment of two
ordinances to the Seoul Municipal Council: one was the Ordinance
on the Promotion of Sharing; and the other was the Ordinance on
the Opening and Use of Dormant Spaces at Public Facilities.
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of all public, private and civic sectors for the Sharing City Project.
project ideas and suggests ideas in cooperation with SMG; and the
As of the end of 2015, 2 million users has visited the website which
gu district offices. Seoul has held meetings with the two groups
continuously for the past three years.
people looked into the nature of sharing and what changes sharing
private facilities.
However, the ordinances were not enough; the Sharing City Project
still needed more driving force to move ahead. On August 24, 2015,
Sharing City Seoul, SMG created Sharing City Team under the Seoul
As such, SMG has made the Sharing City Project one of its primary
projects.
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| Hyun-kyung Park
ISBN
| 979-11-87182-01-6
| http://sharehub.kr
Facebook | https://www.facebook.com/sharehub.kr
Twitter
| https://twitter.com/sharehub_kr
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