RECAPITULARE

I. Simple Present Tense (prezentul simplu) se folose~te pentru a exprima aqiuni obi~nuite,
repetabile. Unele verbe se folosesc doar la prezentul simplu, acestea neavand forma continua.
lata cateva exemple:

He often goes to the cmema.

Do you sometimes visit your mother?

They don't like to listen to the radio.

2. Folosim Present Continuous Tense (prezentul continuu) pentru descrierea acelor actiuni care
se desTa~oara chiar in momentul vorbirii, respectiv pentru descrierea aqiunilor diferite de cele
obi~nuite. Complementele de timp utilizate cu acest timp verbal sunt: now, this (week, month,
year), today. Acela~i tllnp se folose~te pentru descrierea actiunilor care se vor desTa~ura in
viitorul apropiat. De exemplu:

Mary and John are having breakfast now.

Is he eating at a restaurant this week?

We are not gomg to England next week.

3. Folosim Simple Past Tense (timpul trecut simplu) pentru exprimarea unei aetiuni care s-a
desfa~urat
la un moment definit in trecut. De exemplu:

We watched a good film yesterday.

Where did you go last year?

She didn't show me her house when I visited her last week.

4. Conjugarea verbulul to have:

have we have
you have you have
he has they have
she has
it has
LECTIA " "
11- PARTEA INTAI
,

Sa invatam cateva cuvinte referitoare la vreme:

cold > [kauld] - rece, racoros

the sky > [DZa skai] - cerul

cloud > [klaud] - nor

fog > [fog] - ceata

wind > [Uind] - vant

strong > [stron(g)] - tare, putemic

heat > [hi:t] - caldura (putemica),

canicula

temperature > [ temprit~ar] - temperatura, febra

weather-forecast > [lI eD Za r fo:rka:st] - prognoza vremn,

buletin meteorologic

shawl > [~o:]] - qarra

coat > [kaut] - haina, sacou

boot > [bu:t] - gheata, cizma

Repetati cuvintele, dar intr-o alta ordine; fiti atenti la pronuntie:

heat > [hi:t] - caldura (putemica),

canicula

coat > [but] - haina, sacou

At
the sky > [DZa skai] - cerul

fog > [fog] - ceata

cold > [kauld] - rece, racoros

shawl > [WI] - e~arra

cloud > [klaud] - nor

weather-forecast > [UeD/a r fo:rka:st] - prognoza vremii,

buletin meteorologic

temperature > [ temprit~ar] - temperatura, febra

boot > [bu:t] - gheata, cizma

wind > [Uind] - vant

strong > [stron(g)] - tare, putemic

2
Cititi cu voce tare urmatoarele propozitii in care au fost introduse cuvintele noi:

It's very cold today. > [Its veri kiiuld tadei] - Azi este foarte rece.

Put on your coat. > [put on io:' kautJ - Pune-ti haina.

The wind was strong > [D/a "ind "oz stron ig ) - leri vantul a fost puternic.
yesterday. iestardeiJ

She doesn't like heat. > [~i: daznt laik hi:tJ - Ei nu-i place caldura.

We want to listen to the > ["I: "ont tu liSll tu DZa - Vrem sa ascultam buletinul
weather-forecast. "eD/ar fo:'ka:stJ meteorologic.

There are many clouds > [D/ea' a: r mcni klaudz - Sunt multi nori pe cer.
in the sky. III D7a skalJ

This is my best shawl. > [DZis iz mai best :;;o:IJ - Aceasta este e~arfa mea cea
mai buna.

Do you like high > l du iu: laik hal - Iti plac temperaturile ridicate?
temperatures? tcmpri t~a' z]

There is usually fog > [D/ea' lZ 1U:J uali fog - De obicei iarna este ceata.
in winter. in "in tar)

Where are my boots? > ["ear a:rmai bu:tsJ - Unde imi sunt cizmele?

Completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu noile cuvinte invatate:

Nu 0 vad in ceata. - I don't see her in the> fog.

Ce temperatura este in mai? - What > temperature is it in May?

Azi cerul este albastru. - The> sky is blue today.

Este haina lui? - Is it his >coat?

Lor Ie place caldura. - They like> heat.

Luna este acoperita de nori. - The moon is behind the >clouds.

Poti citi prognoza vremii in ziar. - You can read the >weather-forecast in
the newspaper.

Sunt scumpe aceste cizme? - Are these >boots expensive?

El a vrut sa-mi cumpere 0 e~arIa ieri. - He wanted to buy me a >shawl yesterday.

Nu-mi place vantul puternic. - I don't like >strong wind.

Nu-i da (lui) ceai rece! - Don't give him >coJd tea!

3
Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

Tata mi-a cumparat ieri 0 e~arra > My father bought me a vcry nIce shawl
foarte frumoasa. yesterday

Soarele este sus pe cer? > Is the sun hIgh in the sky?

Luna trecuta a fost canicula. > Last month we had heat.

Copiii no~tri au febra mare. > Our children have a hIgh temperature.

Trebuie sa cumpar cizme. > I must buy boots.

Ieri a fost rece? > Was It cold yesterday?

La ce ora este buletinul meteorologic > What time IS the weather-forecast

la radio? on the radIO'!

Vantul este prea puternic azi. > The wind IS too strong today.

Pot sa imbrac aceasta haina? > Can I put on this coat?

Nu pot vedea soarele printre nori. > I can't see the sun through the clouds.

Azi este ceata la Londra. > There IS fog in London today.

Retinetl expresia:

in the sky - pe cer

Articolul nehotardt a/an este folosit intotdeauna inain tea substantivelor care denumesc ocupafii,
religii sau nafionalitii!i. De exemplu:

She is a typist. - Ea este dactilograra.

My sister is a nurse. - Sora mea este infirmiera.

He is a baker. - El este brutar.

I am a Catholic. - Eu sunt catolica.

Her husband is an American. - Sotul ei este american.

Cdnd vorbim despre 0 funcfie care poate fi indeplinitii doar de 0 singurii persoana, atund putem
neglija folosirea articolului hotiirdt the.

Who is president of Romania? - Cine este pre~edintele Romaniei?

Who is the president of Romania? - Cine este pre~edintele Romaniei?

in Propozifiile anterioare apar ~i cdteva cuvinte noi:

Catholic > [kETSlik] - catolic (de religie)

president > [prezidant] - pre~edinte

Numele proprzi ;;i adjectivele provenite din acestea se scriu intotdeauna cu litera mare In limba
englezii.

4
in aceasta lecrie vomface cuno\~tinra cu un timp nou: Present Perfect Tense [prezant pii:rfikt tens],
adica prezentul perfect. Acest timp se confunda deseori cu Simple Past Tense (timpul trecut simplu),
de aceea va sugeram sa acordari 0 atenrie deosebita folosirii sale.

Inainte de a continua, repetati verbele neregulate prezentate la sfar~itullectiei 10.

Folosim Present Perfect in ca::ul unor evenimente care s-au terminat chiar acum sau ceva mai
devreme, sau care au inceput in trecut (de exemplu: last week) $i se continua \~i in prezent (cu
repercusiuni asupra prezentului). De multe ori, momentul desfii$uriirii acriunii nu este specificat cu
exactitate.

Construcria propoziriei la timpul Present Pefect este urmiitoarea:

Pronume + verbul + forma a III-a + ...

personal auxiliar a verbului
sau substantiv have/has principal

She has bought a dog. - Ea ~i-a cumparat un caine.

have seen that house. - Am vazut casa aceea.
We have been at home. - Noi am fost acasa.

in propozirie. verbul auxiliar este reprezentat de forma corespunziitoare a verbului to have, care nu
poate fi tradusa ad literam.

in cazul unui verb regulat. la fel ca $i in cazul timpului Simple Past, verbului se adaugii sufixul
-d sau -ed.

Cititi propozitiile unnatoare:

I have had a temperature. > [ai hEv hEd a tcmprit~arJ - Am avut febra.

She has taught me English. - Ea mi-a predat engleza.

My parents have smoked > [mal ]1carants hEv smaukt - Parintii mei au fumat
a lot of cigarettes. a lot av sigaretsJ o multime de tigari.

I have known about his > [al hEv noun abaut hlz - $tiam de mama lui.
mother. malY ~11 J

She has looked for her coat. >[~i: hEz lukt 1'0:' ha: r kautJ - Ea ~i-a cautat haina.

They have waited for > [[Yel hEv "c/tld 1'0.' - Ei m-au a~teptat acasa.
me at home. mi: Et haumJ

5
Completati urmatoarele propozitii in Iimba engleza:

Te-am a~teptat timp indelungat. - I> have v.aitedfor you a long time.

Am auzit des pre asta. - We> have heard about it.

Ne-au dat 0 ma~ina foarte frumoasa. - They> have gIven us a very nice car.

Tata mi-a scris 0 scrisoare. - Father> has \\ rittena letter to me.

Ei mi-au cerut bani. - They> have askedme for money.

Traduceti in Iimba engleza unnatoarele propozitii, folosind prezentul perfect:

I-am scris 0 scrisoare (lui). > I have wntten a letter to hun.

Am vorbit cu ei. > We have talked to them.

Am auzlt la radiO buletmul meteorologic. > We hay c heard the \\ eather-forecast

on the radiO.

A fost foarte frig. > II has heen \ el) cold.

M-am giindit la asta. > J hay e thought <lbout It.

I-am cerut (ei) e~arfa mea. > I ha\'c asked hel for my sha\\ I.

Noi am adus aceste ziare. > \""c hay c brought thesc ncwspapers.

Noi am lucrat cu ace~ti oameni. > Wc have worked w1th these people.

Ai baut prea multa bere. > YOli h'1\ e (II link to mllch bee!.

Ea a venit la noi cu 10hn. > She has come to us with 10hn,

Am uitat sa-ti aduc asta. > I have forgotten to bring you this.

A!dturi de cOlllp!emente!e de timp this ... (week, month, ... ), today, tonight, fo!osim timpu! Present
Perfect. 1~1 aceste ca::uri vorbim despre evenimente care s-au petrecut in trecut, dar care au !egiiturd
cu pre::entu!. Aceste comp!emente de timp se giisesc !a inceputu! sau !a .~far~itul propozi{iei De
exemp!u:

I have been at home today. > [al hEy bi:n Et haum tadei] - Azi am fost acasa.

We have been at the cinema > [UI: hEv bl.n Et lYa sinama -In seara aceasta (noi) am fost
tonight. tanalt] la cinematograf.

Today I have worked > al hEv U a Ikt

[ta(!<~1 - Azi (eu) am lucrat in gradina,
in the garden. in D/a ga:1dn]

She has done her homework > [SI: hEz dan ha: 1 haumllo:1k - Ea ~i-a Iacut temele
this week. D/IS lll:k] saptamiina aceasta.

6
Completati propozitiile in hmba engleza cu forma corespunzatoare a verbului (Ia Present Perfect):

Azi am cumparat flori. - I >havc bought flowers today.

Saptamana asta ne-am vizitat parintil. - This week we >havc visited our parents.

Anul acesta am platit casa. ~ We >havc p,lId for the house this year.

Am trimis aceasta scrisoare saptamana - I >havc sent this letter this week.
aceasta.

Luna aceasta am vazut cateva - This month we >havc watched

filme la televizor. some films on TV.

Azi am vorbit cu sora mea. - I >have talked to my sister today.

Traduceti in limba engleza unnatoarele propozitii:

Parintil no~tri au plecat azi in Anglia. > Our pal ents have gone to England today.

Saptamana aceasta am cumparat un sacou > This \vcek I have bought a coat and a shawl.
~i 0 e~arfa.

In seara acesta Maria a vizitat-o pe sora > Mary has \ ISlted her husband' S sister tOl1lght.
sotului el.

Azi am vorbit cu tata. > We ha\ e talked to our father today.

Saptamana aceasta am avut febra. > I ha\ e had a temperature this \\ eek.

Vara a fost foarte racoroasa in acest an. > The summer has been very cold thIS year.

In aceasta seara i-am scris 0 scrisoare > Tonight I havc \\ ntten a letter to my friend.
prietenului meu.

Anul acesta (noi) am fost la Londra. > ThiS yeal wc have been Il1 London.

Sora mea a predat engleza anul acesta. > My sister has taught English tIllS year.

In aceasta saptamana am lucrat dupa amiaza. > ThiS \\ eek we ha\ e worked Il1 the afternoon.

lata alte cuvinte noi legate de starea vremii:

outside > [auts31l1] - afara

foggy > [fogi] - cetos

to blow > [tu bbu] - a sufla, a bate (despre vant)

sunny > [sanl] - insorit

low > [lau] - JOS

awful > [o:ll] ~ crancen, teribil, ingrozitor

windy > [Uindl] - vantos, cu mult vant

cloudy > [k13u(li] - noros (innorat)

7
Repetati cuvintele intr-o alta ordine:

awful > [o:tl] - erfmeen, teribil, ingrozitor

windy > ["indi] - vantos, eu mult vant

low > [lau] - JOS

sunny > [sam] - insorit

outside > [autsaid] - afara

cloudy > [klaudi] - noras, innorat

foggy > [fogl] - eetos

~
Verbul to blow este un verb neregulat. Cele trei forme ale sale sunt urmatoarele:

blow > [blau] blew > [bIu:] blown > [bHiun]

Am introdus euvintele noi in urmatorul dialog. Cititi propozitiile ~i aeordati 0 deosebita atentie
pronuntiei:

What weather was it > ["ot "cDZa! "oz it - Cum a fost vremea ieri?
yesterday? Icstafdet]

It was awful. We had a lot > [It "OZo:tl "i: hEd a lot - A fost ingrozitoare. A plouat'
of rain. 3\ rem] foarte multo

Did the sun shine? > [did DZa san ~am] - Soarele a stralueit?

No, it didn't. The sky > [nau It didnt DZa skai - Nu. Cerul a fost foarte innorat.
was very cloudy. "OZ ven klaudi]

Was the temperature low? > ["oz DZa tempnt~af lau] - Temperatura a fost seazuta?

Yes, it was very low. > [ies it U oz veri lau - Da, a fost foarte seazuta.
And it was windy. End it U oz "indi] ~i a fost vant.

Was it foggy? > [U oz it fogi] - A fost eeata?

Yes, in the morning. > lies III DZa mo:'nin lgl ] - Da, dimineata.

Did you go outside > [did iu: gau autsald - Ai fost ieri afara?
yesterday? iestafdelj

No, I stayed at home all day. > [nau ai steid Et haum 0:1 - Nu, am stat toata ziua acasa.
del]

8
Verifieati daea ati retinut euvintele noi. Tradueeti in limba engleza:
~;I
.;, '
afara ~. t4'~ > outside
~f)L-~

I"""'Il
jos, seazut
T > low
1- -1
0- 0
1- 1
2 -l
'-==

innorat
lQJ > cloudy

~
vantos, (eu) vant > windy

~
insorit, (eu) soare > sunny

eetos, (eu) eeata > foggy

Tradueeti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza folosind euvintele noi:

Cum este vremea azi? > How is the weather today?

Azi vremea este frumoasa. > It IS nice today.

Dimineata a fost vant ~i innorat, > In the morning It was windy and cloudy
dar aeum este insorit. but now it IS sunny.

Nu sufla vantul. > The wind Isn't bloWIng.

Temperatura este joasa dar nu este eeata. > The temperature IS low, but it isn't foggy.

Cred ea putem sa einam afara. > I thmk we can have dmner outside.

Observa!i folosirea cuvantului it cu referire la starea vremii:

It was windy yesterday. - Ieri a fost vant.

Now it is sunny. - Aeum este insorit.

Was it foggy yesterday? - A fost eeata ieri?

It is nice today. - Azi vremea este frumoasa.

9
Urmeazii diteva exemple in care nu se folose~te articolul hotiiriit the:

We went by car yesterday. - Ieri am mers cu ma~ina.

They are still at work. - Ei lucreaza inca.

We are driving east now. - Acum conducem spre est.

We have been in town today. - Azi am fost in ora~.

They live in Station Street. - Ei locuiesc in strada Garii.

In urmatorul exercitiu yom face 0 comparatie intre utilizarea timpurilor Simple Past ~i Present Per-
fect. Completati propozitiile in Iimba engleza cu fonnele verbale corespunzatoare:

Jeri am mers pe jos la serviciu. - Yesterday I >walked to work.

Noi ~tiam despre asta in urma cu 0 saptamana. - We > knew about it a week ago.

Maria a trimis toate scrisorile azi. - Mary> has sent all the letters today.

Am vazut 0 multime de plante. - We >have seen a lot of plants.

Ieri i-am cumparat (lui) un sacou ~i 0 e~arIa. - Yesterday I > bought him a coat and a shawl.

Ei au intrat in aceasta cladire. - They> have en!l:red this building.

Azi a fost 0 zi cetoasa. - Today it > has been a foggy day.

Saptamana trecuta a suflat un vant putemic. - Last week a strong wind >blew.

Ei au vrut sa faca asta ieri. - They >wanted to do it yesterday.

Am cunoscut-o cu mult timp in urma. - J >knew her a long time ago.

Anul trecut Ie-am dat cartile noastre. - Last year we >gave them our books.

Soarele a stralucit azi. - The sun> has shone today.

Speram ca exemplele ~i exercitiile v-au ajutat sa intelegeti deosebirile care exista intre cele doua
timpuri. Daca totu~i mai aveti unele neclaritati, repetati inca 0 data materia leqiei.

10
LECTIA
, 11 - PARTEA A nOVA
Sa continuam lectia cu diteva cuvinte noi:

stamp > [stEmp] - timbru

ticket > [tikit] - bilet

novel > [novl] - roman

telephone > [telifaun] - telefon

tram > [trEm] - tramvai

tram stop > [trEm stop] - statie de tramvai

bus stop > [bas stop] - statie de autobuz

tlower > [tlaua'] - tloare

bank > [bEn(g)k] - banca

calendar > [kElindaf ] - calendar, almanah

secretary > [sekratri] - secretar(a)

purse > [pii:'s] - portofel, geanta, po~eta

Repetati cuvintele intr-o alta ordine:

tram > [trEm] - tramvai

bank > [bEn(g)k] - banca

ticket > [tikit] - bilet

purse > [pa:'s] - portofel, geanta, po~eta

stamp > [stEmp] - timbru

novel > [novl] - roman

tlower > [ /laua'] - tloare

bus stop > [bas stop] - statie de autobuz

calendar > [kElindaf ] - calendar, almanah

tram stop > [trEm stop] - statie de tramvai

,.ecretary > [ sekratri] - secretar(a)

telephone > [telifaun] - telefon

11
Cltl~1 cu voce tare urmatoarele propozitii in care apar cuvintele noi:

She has bought seven > [~i: hEz bo:t scvn stEmps] - Ea a cumparat ~apte timbre.
stamps.

We have tickets for the bus. > lUi: hEy tikits fo f DZa bas] - Avem bilete de autobuz.

They didn't have a > [D/el didnt hEy a - Anul trecut ei nu avem telefon.
telephone last year. tclifoun la:st lIa T]

She is Peter's secretary. > [~I: iz pi:ta'z sckratri] - Ea este secretara lui Peter.

We must go there by tram. > lUi: mast gilU D/eal bai - Trebuie sa mergem acolo
trEm] cu tramvaiul.

The bus stop is at the corner. > [DZa bas stop iz Et D 7 a - Statia de autobuz este pe colt.
ko:'na']

She gave me flowers > [~i: ge/v 1m: HauaTz - Ea mi-a dat flori ieri.
yesterday. IcstaTde/]

Where is the tram stop? > ["eaT IZ fYa trEm stop] - Unde este statia de tramvai?

There is a calendar > (O/eaTiz a kEl inda f - In bucatane este un calendar.

in the kitchen. in DZa kit~an]

The bank is opposite > [O/a bEn(glk iz opaZlt - Banca este vizavi de casa
Peter's house. pi:taTz halls] lui Petre.

I have seen your purse > [ai hEy sl.n 10:' pa:'s - Am vazut portofelul tau
on the table. on D'a tcibl] pe masa.

He read this novel last > [hi: red OIlS nov 1 la:st - El a citit acest roman
week. ui:k] saptamana trecuta.

Completati propozltiile cu cuvintele nOll invatate:

Fiica ei este secretara. - Her daughter is a >secretary.

Putem merge cu tramvaiul? - Can we go by >tram?

Ieri te-am a~teptat in statia de autobuz. - Yesterday we waited for you at the >bus stop.

Iti plac romanele lungi? - Do you like long >novels?

Vita-te in calendar. - Look at the >calendar.

Sunt putini bani in portofelul meu. - There is little money in my >purse.

In piata este 0 statie de tramvai. - There is a >tram stop in the square.

Nu este telefon aici. - There is no >telephone here.

Ea a adus bJletele cu ea. - She has brought the >tickets with her.

Du-te la oficiul po~tal ~i cumpara timbre. - Go to the post-office and buy >stamps.

Putem merge impreuna la banca? - Can we go to the >bank together?

Pune florile pe biroul ei. - Put the >flowers on her desk.

12
 Traduceti in limba engleza cuvintele urmatoare:
telefon > telephone
statie de tramvai > tram stop
statie de autobuz > bus stop
roman > novel
portofel > purse
banca > bank
tramvai > tram
bilet > ticket
timbru > stamp

~ floare > flower

calendar > calendar
secretar(a) > secretary

Sa ne intoarcem din nou la utilizarea timpului Present Perfect Tense. Folosim acest timp pentru
descrierea evenimentelor petrecute in trecut ~i care includ mai mult sau mai putin momentul actual,
alaturi de always, ever, never ,~i just, precum ~i alaturi de urmatoarele complemente de timp:

recently > [ri:sntli] - recent, de curand

lately > [ leltli] - recent, de curand, in ultima vreme

already > [o:lredi] - deja

yet > [ iet] - inca, deja

> [sau fa: ]

f
so far - pana acum, deocamdata

~
Complementul de timp "yet" se afla intotdeauna la sfar~itul propozitiei, "so far" la
inceputul sau la sflir~itul propozitiei, iar celelalte complemente de timp se gasesc
inaintea formei a Ill-a a verbului sau la sflir~itul propozitiei.

Cititi cu voce tare complementele de timp care se folosesc alaturi de Present Perfect:

ever > [eva'] - vreodata, candva

already > [0: lredi] - deja

always > [o:l"eiz] - intotdeauna

lately > [leith] - recent, de curand, in ultima vreme

so far > [sau fa:'] - pana acum, deocamdata

> [neva ]
f
never - niciodata

just > [ dJast] - tocmai

yet > [ let] - inca, deja

recently > [ ri:snth] - recent, de curand

13
In exemplele urmatoare observati cum este folosit tlmpul Present Perfect ~i complementele de timp
invatate anterior:

I have never seen that girl. >[al hEy neva' sl.n D7Et - Niciodata nu am vazut-o pe fata
ga:'l] aceea.

They have always liked >lDzel hEv o:lu e1z la/kt - Le-a placut intotdeauna
this house. DZls haus] aceasta casa.

We have just had dinner. >[U I: hEv djast hEd dina'] - Noi tocmai am cinat.

I have heard about him > [al hEv ha:'d abaut hun - Am auzit despre el in ultima
lately. I citlI] vreme.

They have already made >[DZei hEv o:lredl meld - Ei au confectionat deja
ten bookcases. ten bukke/Slz] zece biblioteci.

We have worked a lot >[L1}; hEv ua:'kt a lot - In ultimul timp, noi am muncit
recently. ri: sntli] foarte mult.

Iar acum, completati urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza. Retineti locul complementelor de timp
in propozitie:

Noi am avut deja doi caini. - We > have already had two dogs.

Ei tocmai au adus aceste scaune. - They> have just brought these chairs.

Pana acum am lucrat dimineata. - So far we > have worked in the morning.

Seara ei s-au plimbat intotdeauna prin parco - They >have always walked in the park
in the evening.

In ultima vreme am vazut cateva ora~e frumoase. - We > have seen some nice towns lately.

Traduceti in limba engleza propozitiile de mai jos:

Noi am vrut intotdeauna sa mergem in > We have always wanted to go to England.

Anglia.

Ea nu ~i-a iubit niciodata sotul. > She has never loved her husband.

Mama lui John a vorbit recent cu sotia lui. > John's mother has recently spoken
to hIs wIfe.

Am scris deja cinci scrisori. > I have already written five letters.

Ea tocmai s-a dus la plimbare. > She has just gone for a walk.

Pana acum m-am dus la serviciu cu ma~ina. > So far 1 have gone to work by car.

Maria ~i sotul ei au deschis de curand > Mary and her husband have opened
un magazin. a shop lately.

Folosirea complementelor de tlmp yet ~i ever la timpul Present Perfect 0 vom prezenta in lectia 12,
ciind yom invata formarea interogativului ~i a negativului.
14
lata un nou grup de cuvinte. Fiti atenti la intelesul ~i la pronuntia lor:

next to > [nekst tll] - aproape de, langa

early > [ a:'1I] - devreme

late > [!elt] - tarziu

to get on > [tu get on] - a (se) urea

to get off > [tll get oil - a cobori

to say > [tll sei] - a spune

Acelea~i cuvinte, dar intr-o alta ordine:

late > [Ieit] - tarziu

to say > [tll sell - a spune

to get off > [tu get oil - a cobori

early > [a:'lJ] - devreme

to get on > [tLl get on] - a (se) urea

next to > [nekst tLl] - aproape de, langa

Formele verbelor to get on ~i to get off sunt identice cu acele forme ale verbului to get pe care Ie-am
prezentat in lectia anterioara.

Verbul to say face parte din grupa verbelor neregulate. Cele trei forme ale sale sunt urmatoarele:

Forma I Forma a II-a Forma a Ill-a

say > [sei] said > [sed] said > [sed]

Sa introducem in propozitii cuvintele recent invatate. Cititi-Ie cu voce tare ~i fiti atenti la pronuntie:

It is too early to go to > [it lZ tLl: a:'li tll gau tu - Este prea devreme pentru
the cinema. D'a sinama] a merge la cinematograf.

She has already got on > [~i:

hEz o:lredi got on - Ea s-a urcat deja in autobuz.
the bus. D/a bas]

We visited her late in > [UI: vizltid ha:' leit in - Am vizitat-o seara tarziu.
the evening. DZi i:vnin(g)]

Their house is next to > [DZel' hallS iz nekst tll - Casa lor este aproape de banca.
the bank. DZa bEn(gJk]

I must get off at this stop. > [ai mast get of Et DZis - Trebuie sa cobor la aceasta statie.
stop]

He is saying it is very late. > [hI: iz se/m(g) it iz veri - EI spune ca este foarte tarziu.
!elt]

15
Completati urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

Trebuie sa cobor la a patra statie.
Eu rna scol intotdeauna devreme.
Poti sa te a~ezi 1<lnga mine?
Ea a venit la noi dupa-amiaza tarziu.
Urca! Pot sa te duc pana la banca.
Ea spune ca aceasta casa este prea scumpa.
- 1 must >get offat the fourth stop.
- I always get up >early.
- Can you sit >next to me?
- She came to us > late in the afternoon.
- >Get on! I can take you to the bank.
- She >says this house is too expensive.

in limba engleza complementul circumstantial (de exemplu "early")

unneaza, de obicei, dupa verb:

I always get up early. - Ma scol intotdeauna devreme.

Sa vedem in ce masura ati retinut cuvintele noi:

a (se) urca > to get on

tarziu > late
a spune > to say
aproape de, langa > next to
a cobOrl > to get off
devreme > early

Complementul de timp late poate avea mai multe intelesuri.

It was too late to go here. - A fost prea tarziu, ca sa

mergem acolo.

The bus was late yesterday - Autobuzul a intarziat ieri.

He was late for breakfast - El a intarziat dimineata

in the morning. la micul dejun.

La sfiir~itullectiei vom repeta intreaga materie. Traduceti propozitiile urmatoare in limba engleza:

Azi a fost foarte frig. > It has been very cold today.
El tocmai a spus ca nu poate merge cu noi. > He has Just saId he can't go with us.
Ieri ai cumparat aceasta ma~ina? > Did you buy this car yesterday?
Am cautat-o pe mama mea. > I have looked for my mother.
Trebuie sa imi pun 0 haina ~i 0 e~arta > I must put on a coat and a shawl
pentru ca este frig. because it is cold.
Azi copiii no~tri au avut > Our children have had a high
febra mare. temperature today.
Ieri vantul a suflat cu putere? > Old a strong wmd blow yesterday'~

16
Pana acum am citit trei romane.
leri a fost 0 zi insorita.
Nu-mi plac diminetile cetoase.
Seara mergem afara.
Imi place sa citesc romane engleze~ti.
Pot sa cumpar bilete de cinema.
Poti sa-mi dai doua timbre?
Am cumparat un telefon ro~u
pentm bucatarie.
Dimineata am vazut-o in statia de tramvai.
De ce i-ai dat ei flori?
Azi secretara mea a uitat sa-~i ia
portmoneul.
Ace~ti oameni au telefon?
De unde pot cumpara un calendar?
EI nu a mers niciodata la ~coala.
M-am lasat deja de fumat.
Tocmai am luat micul dejun.
Am fost acolo dimineata devreme.
De ce ai intarziat ieri la serviciu?
Trebuie sa te urci la aceasta statie
sa cobori langa oficiul po~tal.
Trenul are 'intarziere?
"We have just had breakfast"
La sffir~itullectiei, iata obi~nuitul exercitiu de pronuntie:
[ au] [e]
low best
ago west
show seven
coat get
> I have read three novels so far.
> It was a sunny day yesterday.
> I don't like foggy mornmgs.
> In the evening we are going outside.
> I like to read English novels.
> I can buy tickets to the cinema.
> Can you give me two stamps?
> We have bought a red telephone
for the kitchen.
> I saw her at the tram stop in the morning.
> Why have you given her flowers?
> My secretary has forgotten to take her
purse today.
> Have these people a telephone?
> Where can I buy a calendar?
> He has never gone to school.
> I have already stopped smoking.
> We have just had breakfast.
> I was there early in the morning.
> Why were you late for work yesterday?
~i > You must get on at this stop and get off
next to the post-office.
> Is the train late?
"My secretary has forgotten to take her
purse today"
[i: ] [ai]
eat buy
keep sky
teach high
feet tie
17
RECAPITULAREA LECTIEI
, 11
11.1. inaintea substantivelor care denumesc ocupatia, religia sau nationalitatea se folose~te
'intotdeauna articolul nehotadit a/an:

She is a typist. - Ea este dactilograra.

I am a CatholIc. - Eu sunt catolic.

Her husband IS an Amencan. - So\ul el este amencan.

Daca vorblm despre 0 functle care poate fi indeplinita doar de 0 smgura persoana, atunci putem
folosi sau omlte articolului hotarat the:

Who is president of Romania? - Cine este pre~edintele Romaniei?

Who is the preSident of RomanIa? - Cine este pre~edintele Romaniei?

11.2. The Present Perfect Tense (prezentul perfect)

11.2.1. Propozl\la se construiqte astfel:

Pronume + verbul auxiliar forma a III-a +

personal have/has a verbului principal

She has bought a dog.

Verbul auxiliar este to have conjugat la indicativ prezent. Daca verbul principal este
regulat atunci prime~te terminatia -d sau -ed, iar forma IUl este identica cu forma a Ill-a
din diqlOnar (Simple Past).

11.2.2. Cand folosim acest tlmp:

1. Foloslm timpul Present Perfect pentru descrierea aC\IUnIlor trecute ~i incheiate:

She has bought a car. - Ea a cumparat 0 ma~ina.

2. Timpul Present Perfect se folose~te alaturi de complementele de timp this (week,

month, ...), today, tonight. Acestea se afla la 'inceputul sau la sfiir~itul propozitiei.

I have been at home today. - AZI am fost acasa.

3. Folosim de asemenea, timpul Present Perfect alatun de complementele de timp

always, never, ever, just, recently, lately, already, yet, so far.

Complementul de timp yet se afla intotdeauna la sfiir~itul propozitiei, so far la

inceputul sau la sfiir~itul propozltiei, iar restul complementelor de timp se gasesc
inaintea formei a Ill-a a verbului sau la sfiir~itul propozitiei.

18
] 1.3 Artlcolul hotarat "the" poate fi omis in urmatoarele situatii:

We went by car yesterday. - Noi am mers ieri cu ma~ina.

They are still at work. - Ei lucreaza inca.

We are driving east now. - Noi conducem spre est.

We have been in town today. - Noi am fost in ora~ azi.

They live in Station Street. - Ei locuiesc in strada Garii.

11.4. Complementul de timp "late" poate avea mai multe intelesuri:

It is late. - Este tarziu.

The bus was late yesterday. - Ieri a intarziat autobuzul.

He was late for breakfast in the morning. - EI a intiirziat dimineata la micul dejun.

19
TEMA PENTRU ACASA 11
A. Traduceti in limba romana urmatoarele propozitii:

1. They have already read this book.

2. Peter has been late for school today.

3. He was a secretary three years ago.

4. My brother has made a nice bookcase for his mother.

5. They have already been in England.

6. I have talked with her lately.

B. Traduceti in limba engleza urmatoarele propozitii:

1. Nu am vazut-o niciodata pe sora tao

•
2. Tatallui este pre~edintele Romaniei.

3. In ultima vreme am vizitat cateva tari frumoase.

4. Ei au intarziat intotdeauna la ~coala.

5. Imi place sa rna scol devreme.

6. Am taiat cinci copaci din gradina noastra.

C. Corectati gre~elile din propozitiile de mai jos:

1. I never saw this town.

2. They were at home all day today.

~
3. She wanted to go by the car yesterday.

4. I have already drinked the beer.

5. She has so far written two books.

6. They have bought this nice house three years ago.

20
LECTIA " "
12 - PARTEA INTAI
,

Ca de obicei, yom incepe ~i aceasta lectie invatiind cuvinte noi. Cititi-Ie cu

voce tare ~i fiti atenti la traducerea lor:
r
floor > [flo: ] - podea, etaj

carpet > [ka:rpit] - covor

r
f100r lamp > [flo: lEmp] - lampa cu picior

curtains > [ka:rtinz] - perdele, draperii

ceiling > [si: Iin(gl] - tavan

fireplace > [faiiFpleis] - camin, ~emineu

r
wall-paper > [U o:1peipa ] - tapet

socket > [sakit] - priza

picture > [pikt~ar] - tablou, pictura

armchair > [ a:rmt~eaT] - fotoliu

settee > [seti:] - canapea

Acum recititi cuvintele intr-o alta ordine:

curtains > [ka:rtinz] - perdele, draperii

settee > [seti:] - canapea

r
floor > [ flo: ] - podea, etaj

fireplace > [faiarpleis] - camin, ~emineu

socket > [sakit] - priza

T
floor lamp > [flo: IEmp] - lampa cu picior

carpet > [ka:rpit] - covor

ceiling > [si: lin(g)] - tavan

r
wall-paper > [U o:1peipa ] - tapet

armchair > [ a:rmt~eaT] - fotoliu

picture > [ pikt~aT] - tab lou, pictura

21
Sa folosim cuvintele noi in cadrul unui dialog. Cititi propozitiile cu voce tare:

This room is awful. > [DZis ru:m lZ o:fl] - Camera aceasta este groaznica.

I think we must put the > [Ul TSm(g)k UI: mast put DZa - Cred ea trebuie sa punem
settee next to the fireplace. seti: nekst tu DZa falafpleis] eanapeaua langa ~emineu.

What about the curtains? > ["at abaut DZa bi:ftmz] - ~i perdelele?

They must be brown. > [DZel mast bI: braun] - Trebuie sa fie cafenii.

I also want to put the > [UI olsau "ant tu put DZa - In plus, (eu) vreau sa pun
armchairs next to the table. a:fmt~eafz nekst tu DZa telbl] fotoliile langa masa.

We must also have > ["I: mast olsau hEy

whIte wall-paper. "mt "a: I pelpa f]

What do you think about a > ["ot du 1U: T'in(g)k abaut a - Ce zici de un covor
yellow carpet on the floor? lelau ka:fpit on D'a flo:f] galben (pe podea)?

Yes, and there must be > [ies End D'eafmas( bl' - Da, ~i nu trebuie nici 0 lampa
no lamp on the ceiling. nau IEmp on DZa si:lm(g)] pe tavan.

We have many sockets > [ L1 i: hEy mem soklts - Avem multe prize In camera,
in the room, so we can In DZa ru:m sau L1i: kEn a~a ea putem avea ~i
have floor lamps. hEy flO:f lEmps] lampi eu pieior.

And what do you want > [End "at du IU: "ant - ~i ee vrei sa faci eu aeeste
to do with these pictures? tu du' "iDZ DZI"Z pikt~afz] tablouri?

I don't want them here. > [JI daunt "ODt DZem hia f] - Nu Ie vreau aiei.

Before ... After ...

22
 Re{ine{i consfruc{ia care apare intr-una din propozi{ii:

there must be no lamp on the ceiling - nu trebuie sa fie n!ci 0 lampa pe tavan

Completati urmatoarele propozitii in limha engleza folosind cuvintele noi:

Priza este in spatele acelui scaun. - The> socket is behind that chair..

De uncle pot cumpara un covor? - Where can I buy a> carpet?

Plafonul trebuie sa fie alb? - Must the> ceiling be white?

intotdeauna mi-a placut sa stau in fotoliul acesta. - I have always liked to sit in this
> armchair.

Am pus 0 lampa cu picior langa fereastra. - I have put a > floor lamp next to
the window.

Ieri am vazut un tablou foarte frumos. - I saw a very nice > picture yesterday.

Aceste perdele sunt prea scumpe. - These > curtains are too expensive.

Canapeaua este in coltul eamerei. - The >settee is in the comer of the room.

Copiii stau acum pe podea. - The children are sitting on the >tloor now.

Aveai atunci un ~emineu? - Did you have a> fireplace then?

Cand ai cumparat acest tapet? - When did you buy this >wall-paper?

Verificati-va daca ati reu~it sa va insu~iti cuvintele noi. Traduceti in limba engleza:

canapea > settee

lampa eu picior > floor lamp

• priza > socket

tapet > wall-paper

tavan > ceiling

covor > carpet

podea > floor

perdele > curtams

~emineu > fireplace

tablou > picture

fotoliu > armchair

23
:;Itlm ea pronumele nehotdrat some poate sta inall1tea unui substantiv numarabil (In aeest ea: are
infelesul de ciitva, di!iva, ni~te, unii) sau Inallltea unui substantiv care denume,~te un obieet ee Ill!
are forma de plural (in aeest co: (' u in(elesul de pu!in, ceva, ni~te). Putem folosi aeest pronume ca
sinonimul altor doua pronume lIehotanlte'

1. A little [a litl]- putin, catva, ceva ([naintea substantivelor nenumarabile):

There is a little bread on the table. - Este pu!ina pame pe mas~l.

2. A few [a flu ]- catva, cativa Unamtea substantive/or nUl1uirabile):

There are a few bottles on the floor. - Sunt diteva stide pe podea.

Inlocuitl adJectivul some cu a little/a few:

I vIsited some friends yesterday. - I visited> a few friends yesterday.

Bnng me some wall-paper. - Bring me > a hit] e wall-paper.

Can you give me some money? - Can you give me > a Itttlemoney?

I have smoked some cigarettes today. I have smoked> a few cigarettes today.

Sa ne Intoareem din nou fa tlll/pul Prescnt Perfect ,~l sa invafam cum se jormuleaza Intrebarile ,~i
raspunsunle.

Formam mterogatn'ul prm lIl\'erSllll1e: verhul auxilwr have/has ocupa loeul subleetulUl. iar aeesta
treee pe foeul af dotlea.

Cltiti propozltlile urmatoare :

I have already seen Have you already > [hEv IU: o.lrcch - Ai vazut deja
thiS picture. seen this picture? sl:n OilS pikt~a'] acest tablou?

She has never read Has she never read > [hEz Sl:neva' red - Nu a citit niciodata
thiS book. thiS book? O/IS buk] aceasta carte?

Has she ever read > [hEz ~I: eva' red - A Cltlt ea vreodata
this book? OilS buk] aceasta carte?

We have written Have you written > [hEv IU. litn - Ati scris pana acum
two letters so far. two letters so far? tu' ]cta'z sau fa:'] doua scrisori?

Treceti urmatoarele propoZitil la fonna mterogativa:

She has already had breakfast. > Has she already had breakbst')

My mother has never liked my husband. > Has my mother eve I liked my husband?

They have taught me English. > Have they taught me English')

She has been at work today. > Has she been <it work today')

We have already seen two pictures. > I hl\ e we already secn t\\ 0 plctUl es')

24
Riispunsul afirmativ se formuleazii cu ajutorul cuviintului yes. a pronumelui personal ~i a formei
corespunziitoare a verbului auxiliar:

Have you cut your hair? Yes, I have. >[ies ai hEv] - Da.

Have they already Yes, they have. > [ies DZei hEv] - Da.
bought this house?

Has she just come? Yes, she has. > [ies ~i: hEz] - Da.

Propozitiile negative se formeazii cu ajutorul cuviintului no. a pronumelui personal. a formei

corespunziitoare a verbului auxiliar ~l a cuviintului not. Structura have not poate fi prescurtatii,
devenind haven't [hEvnt]. pe ciindforma prescurtatii construc!iei has not este hasn't[hEznt] :

Have you cut your hair? No, I have not. > [nau ai hEv not] - Nu.
No, I haven't. >[nau ai hEvnt]

Have they already No, they have not. >[nau DZei hEv not] - Nu.
bought this house? No, they haven't. >[nau DZei hEvnt]

Has she already been No, she has not. > [nau ~i: hEz not] - Nu.
in England? No, she hasn't. > [nau ~i: hEznt]

Completati urmatoarele raspunsuri scurte:

Has the sun shone today? - Yes, >it has.

- No, >it hasn't.

Have you already thought about it? - Yes, I >have.

- No, I >haven't.

Have they wanted to be there first? - Yes, >they have.

- No, >they haven't.

Has the secretary forgotten about the letter? - Yes, >she has.
- No, >she hasn't.

La formarea fntrebiirilor complexe a~eziim pronumele interogativ fnaintea verbului auxiliar:

Where have you seen this > [Ueat hEv iu: si:n DZis - Unde ai vazut-o pe aceasta fata?
girl? ga.'I]

What has she done so far? > [Uot hEz ~i: dan sau fa:'] - Ce a Iacut ea pfma acum?

Who has said this? > [hu: hEz sed DZis] - Cine a spus asta?

How many books have > [hau meni buks hEv - Cite can;i ai adus?
you brought? iu: bro:t]

Pronumele interogativ when - "cand" nu se folose~te in intrebarile in care verbul

este la timpul Present Perfect.

25
In exercitiul urmator completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu partile de propozitie care lipsesc:

Peter has been at home today. - Where> has Peter been today?

She has given me a little beer. - Who >has given me a little beer?

They have had a dog lately. - What> have they had lately?

We have worked in the office this week. - Where> have we worked this week?

Formele negative se pot folosi ~i la formularea propozi{iilor fntregi:

I haven't visited my > [ai hEvnt vlzitld mai - Nu am vizitat-o inca pe mama.
mother yet. maDzar iet]

She hasn't read the > [~I:hEznt red Oza - Ea nu a citit inca ziarul.
newspaper yet. niu:spclpar let]

They haven't seen my > rOzel hEvnt SI:n mai - Inca nu mi-au vazut casa.
house yet. haus ICt]

Complementul de timp already nu poate fi folosit in propozitii negative, in

timp ce complementul de timp yet nu poate fi folosit in propozitii afirmative. In
schimb, ambele complemente circumstantiale pot fi folosite la formarea
interogativului. Retineti, complementul circumstantial yet are doua intelesuri:
deja (in propozitii interogative) ~i inca nu (in propozitii negative).

Traduceti in limba engleza urmatoarele propozitii:

Inca nu am vorbit cu ea. > I haven't talked to her yet.

Ea a auzit deja despre asta? > Has she heard It yet?

Nu am trimis inca aceasta scrisoare. > We haven't sent thIs letter yet.

Luna inca nu a stralucit noaptea aceasta. > The moon hasn't shone yet this nIght.

Tata nu s-a sculat inca, > Father hasn't got up yet.

Ai fost deja acasii? > Have you already been at home?

Dactilografele nu au venit azi la serviciu. > The typists haven't come to work today.

Formele verbului to have se pot prescurta dupti cum urmeazti:

I have I've > [a/v] we have we've > [Ui:v]

you have you've > [IU:V] you have you've > [iu:v]

he has he's > [hu] they have they've > [DZeiv]

she has she's > [~l:Z]

it has it's > [its]

26
Traduceti in limba engleza urmatoarele propozitii. Folositi forrne1e prescurtate daca este posibil:

Ai ineercat vreodata sa te la~i de fum at? > Have you ever tried to stop smoking?

Cala eafea ai haut azi? > How much coffee have you drunk today?

inca nu m-am gfmdit la asta. > I haven't thought about it yet.

Am inteles deja. > l"ve already understood it.

El nu a venit inca. > He basn' t come yet

Am vorbit eu el recent. > We've talked to him recently.

EI i-au placut Intotdeauna t1orile. > Shc's always liked !lowers.

in ultima vrerne nu ne-am uitat la televizor. > We haven't watched televiSIOn recently.

Unde ai pus aceasta planta? > \Vhere hay e you put this plant?

Sa invatam acurn ciHeva prepozitii. incercati sa retineti foloslrea lor In context;

under > Landa'] - sub

over > [am a'] '- peste, deasupra, pe

across > l akros] - de-a curmezi~ul, pc partea cealalta

from > [ from] - de la, din

by > [b:ll] - (chiar) liinga, cu

Sa introducem in propozitii cuvintele recent invatate:

We usually work [rom > ["i: IU:Juali "a:'k from - De obicei lucram de la
seven to three. s('vn tu T'ri' ] ~apte la trei.

Bring a chair from > [l:mnl~1 a t~e,l' from - Adu un scaun din bucatarie.
the kitchen. D/a kit.,an]

They are by the wmdow. > [lYci a.' hai D/a "indau] Ei sunt langa fereastra.

I have it from my mother. > [al hEY it from l1\<li ~ Am asta de la mama mea.
malYa'J

The dog is under the table. > r lYa dog: 11: anda" - Ciiinele este sub masa.
IYa ie/hi]

The picture is over the lamp. > l [Ya piktsa' il: am'ar - Tabloul este deasupra lampii.
IYa tEmp]

27
He is going across the street. > [hi: IZ gaum(g) akros - El traverseaza strada.
DZa stn:tJ

The office is across the square. > [DZI ofis iz akros - Biroul este de partea cealalta
DZa skUea f ] a pletii.

) ) )
;'

I
/

Completati urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza cu prepozitiile care lipsesc:

Pune masa aceea vis-ii-vis de fereastra. - Put that table> across the window.

Fotoliile sunt Hinga fereastra. - The armchairs are> by the window.

Aceste flori sunt de la sotul tau? - Are these flowers> from your husband?

Avionul zboara deasupra ora~ului. - The plane is flying> over the town.

Pisicii noastre ii place sa stea sub canapea. - Our cat likes to sit> under the settee.

Repetati cu atentie grupurile de cuvinte care urmeaza:

[a. f] [au] [al] [u. ]

early know fireplace too

curtains low shine blue

bird go sky you

first over my who

28
LECTIA
, 12 - PARTEA A nOVA
Cititi cu atentie urmatoarele dialoguri. Repetati exercitiul pana retineti corect pronuntia ~i intonatia.
Cuvintele ~i silabele accentuate sunt scrise cu litere Ingro~ate.

Mary: Did you hear the weather-forecast on the radio yesterday?

Peter: Yes, I did. It was too cold yesterday to go for a walk.
Mary: And it was foggy, too.
Peter: I have never liked to walk in foggy weather, but the heat in summer was also
awful for me.
Mary: Do you want to have breakfast outside?
Peter: No, I don't. I think the temperature is very low outside and the wind is blowing.
Tom has already put on his coat and shawl.

Barbara: We have a very nice house.

John: Yes, you have, and there is a nice settee in the living-room.
Barbara: We have bought two armchairs so far, and I want to buy a fireplace to the bedroom.
John: Have you ever seen a fireplace in the bedroom?
Barbara: No, I haven't.
Look we can't put the floor lamp next to the table because tht:re is no socket there.
John: Yes, I see that. But you've just bought nice, green wall-paper.
Barbara: I wanted to buy a red telephone too, but there was little money in my purse.
And what about those pictures on the wall?
John: They are also very nice. I have always liked these pictures.

Tom: Look at the calendar. Is it Sunday or Monday today?

Barbara: Today is Sunday.
Tom: Then we can go to the cinema today.
Barbara: First you must buy the tickets and then we can go to the cinema.
Tom: I have bought thcm. And we can go by tram.
Barbara: Is the tram stop across the square?
Tom: Yes, it is. I think we must get off at the fourth stop.

Mary: Peter, a girl has just entered the house!

Peter: Who is she?
Mary: I think she is a secretary.
Peter: Does this secretary work in a bank?
Mary: I think she does, but she has brought you a letter from your sister.

Barbara: Peter! What have you done so far?

Peter: I've been at work today.Why?
Barbara: Because I want to go to the shop and I want to buy boots for me.
Peter: lt's too late to go to the shop now, and you can't buy those boots because
they are too expensive.
Barbara: Then I want to buy some flowers. Where have you seen those flowers?
Peter: I saw them in the shop next to the bank.

29
 -
In ultimul exercitiu yom recapitula cele invatate pana acum. TraducetI urmatoarele propoZltii in
limba engleza:

Cand au adus asta? > When did they bring it'!

Ei vor sa rna invete sa citesc. > They want to teach me to read.

De ce mi-ai luat florile? > Why have you taken my flowers?

Cine a vrut sa cumpere casa aceasta? > Who has wanted to buy this house?

Acum cautam 0 canapea frumoasa ~i > We are looking for a nice settee and
cioua fotolii. two armchairs now.

Vezi acest avion deasupra parcului? > Do you see this plane over the park?

Inca nu am vorbit cu el. > I haven't talked to hun yet.

Am incercat sa-i opresc. > I tried to stop them.

Cand m-am ureat in autobuz, I-am vazut > \Vhen I got on the bus I saw my brother.
pe fratele meu.

El a venit deja. > He's already come.

Ai condus vreodata ma~ini mari? > Have you ever dnven big cars?

In ultima vreme nu Ie-am scris serisori > Lately we haven't written letters to
prietenilor no~tri. our friends.

Azi ne-au pus cateva intrebari. > They have asked us a few question today.

I-ai platit lui deja tapetul? > Have you paid him for the wall-paper yet?

Ieri am auzit buletinul meteorologic. > We heard the weather-forecast yesterday. ,.,

Statia npastra de autobuz este pe partea > Our bus stop IS across the street.
cealalta a strazii.

Pana acum am scris doua scrisori. > I have written two letters so f .

EI nu ~i-a uitat mciodata prietenii. > He has never forgotten hiS fnends.

Cine a facut asta? > Who has done it?

La ce ora ai venit acasa? > What time did you come home'l

Vita-te la florile de langa fereastra. > Look at the flowers by the window.

Nu au cumparat inca perdele in cea > So far they haven"t bought curtains
de-a doua camera. for the second room.

Sora mea a cumparat recent cateva carti. > My sister has recently bought a few books.

Cand le-ai aratat casa noastra? > \\'hen did you show them our house?

30
RECAPITULAREA LECTIEI
, 12
12.1. Some, a few ~i a little.

Am Invaiat ca pronumele nehotanlt some poate sta Inaintea substantive lor numarabile (In
acest caz are in!elesul de dtva, dtiva, ni~te, unii) ~i inaintea substantivelor care nu au forma
de plural (In aceasta situatie cu semnifica!ia de putin, ceva, ni~te).

Some poate fi folosit ~i in locul altor doua pronume nehotarate:

I. A little l a litl] - pu!in, catva, ceva (lnaintea substantive lor care nu sunt numarabile):

There is a little bread on - Este pu!ina paine pe masa.

the table.

2. A few [a fill:] - catva, ca!iva (lnaintea substantivelor numarabile):

There are a few bottles on - Sunt ciiteva sticle pe podea.

the floor.

12.2. Intrebarile ~I raspunsurile la timpul Present Perfect.

12.2.1. Formulam interogativul pnn inversarea ordinii verbului auxiIJar have/has ~i a

pronumelui personal sau a substantivului cu funqie de subiect:

I have already seen this picture. - Have you already seen this picture?

12.2.2. Formulam raspunsurile afirmative cu ajutorul cuvantului yes, a pronumelui personal

~) a formei corespunzatoare a verbuJui auxiliar.

Have you cut your hair'! - Yes, I have.

12.2.3. Formulam negaiia eu ajutorul euvantului no, a pronumelui personal, a fonnei

corespunzatoare a verbului auxiliar ~i a adverbului not.

Constructia have not poate fi prescurtata ~i devine haven't [h Evnt], iar eonstructia
has not devine hasn't l hEznt]:

Have you cut your hair? - No, 1have not.

12.2.4. La formarea Intrebarilor complexe a~ezam pronumele interogativ Inaintea verbului

auxiliar:

Where have you seen this girl? - Unde ai vazut-o pe aceasta fata?

12.2.5. La timplll Present Perfect pronllmele interogativ when - dnd nu poate fi folosit la
formularea interogativllilli.

31
 12.2.6 Complementul circumstantial already nu poate fi folosit in propozitii negatIve, in
timp ce complementul circumstantial yet nu poate. fi folosit in propozitii afirmative.
Ambele complemente circumstantiale pot figura in propozitii interogative, aviind sensuri
difente.

12.3 Formele conjugate ale verbului to have pot fi prescurtate in felul urmator:

I have I've [aiv] we have we've [Ui:v)

you have you've [IU:V] you have you've [iu:v]

he has he's [hi:z) they have they've [DZeiv]

she has she's [~I:Z]

it has it's [its]

12.4 Prepozitiile in limba engleza

Folosirea in mod corespunzator a prepozitiilor trebuie retinuta in context.

under > [ anda f ] - sub

over > [ auva r ] - peste, deasupra, pe

across > [akros] - de-a curmezi~ul, pe partea cealalta

from > [from) - de la, din

by > [baiJ - (chiar) liinga, cu

32
 TEMA PENTRU ACASA 12
A. Traduceti unnatoarele propozitii In limba raman a:

1. They have never been there in winter.

2. We have already bought two floor lamps.

3. There were a few annchairs in the livmg-room.

4. Have you already seen these pictures?

5. They haven't read the newspaper yet.

6. The bus stop is across the street.

• B. Traduceti propozitiile in hmba engleza:

1. leri am luerat de la ~apte la doua.

2. Clnd al cumparat perdelele?

3. Cate a serisori a scris ea pana acum?

4. In ultima vreme nu am vorbit eu el.

5. El a ureat deja In autobuz.

6. Adu-mi 0 eea~ca de eafea din bucaUirie.

C. Completati prepozitii1c corespunzatoare in propozitiile de mai jos:

I. Yesterday 1 got nice flowers my husband.

• 2.

3.
How many novels have they read _ _"_ far?

There are some clouds _ _ the sky.

4. The settee is next the fireplace.

5. Put a coat. It is very cold today.

33
VERBELE NEREGULATE DIN LECTIILE
, 11 SI
, 12
forma I-a forma a II-a forma a III-a

blow >[blau] blew >[blu:] blown > [blaun]

say > [sei] said > [sed] said >[sed]

34
VOCABULARUL LECTIILOR
, 11 SI
, 12
across > [akros] - de-a cunnezl~ul, pe partea
cealalta, vis-a.-vis

already > [o:lredl] - deja

annchair > [a: rmt~ear] - fotoliu

awful > [o:tl] - crancen, teribil, i'ngrozitor

bank > [bEnlg1k] - banea

to blow > [tll blall] - a sufla, a bate (d. vant)

boot > [bu:tJ - gheata, eizma

bus stop > [bas stop] - statie de autobuz

by > [bail - (chiar) langa, Cll

calendar > [kElinda'] - calendar, almanah

carpet > [ka:'pltJ - eovor

Catholic > [kEl'iJk] - catolic(a)

celtlllg > [si:lin ,gl ] - tavan

cloud > [klaud] - nor

cloudy > [klalldi] - IIlBorat, noras

coat > [but] - haina, sacau

cold > [kauldJ - reee, racoros

eurtams > [ka:rtInzJ - perdele, draperii

early > [a:'11J - devreme

a few > [il fill:J - ea(iva, eiiteva

fireplace > [ faia'plelsJ - eamin, ~emineu

floor > [no:'J - podea, etaj

floor lamp > [no:' lEmp] - lampa cu picior

flower > [tlalla'] - floare

fog > [fog] - cea(a

foggy > [fo)!i] - cetos, cu ceata

from > [ from] - de la, din

to get otf > [tll get oil - a cobori

to get on > [tu get on] - a (se) urea

heat > I hi:tJ - caldura (puternica), caniculi!

e > [lettJ - tiirziu

35
lately > [ leitli] - recent, de cUfClnd, in ultima vreme

low > [lau] - jos, scazut

next to > [nekst tu] - aproape de, Ifmga

novel > [novl] - roman

outside > [autsaid] - afara

over > l auva'] - peste, deasupra, pe

picture > [ pikt~a'] - tablou, pictura

president > [prezidant] - pre~edinte

purse

recently

to say
> [pa:'s]

> [ri:sntli]

> [tu sel]

- portofel, geanta,

- de curand, recent

- a spune
po~eta

... ~

secretary > [sckratri] - secretar(a)

settee > [seti: ] - canapea

shawl > [~o:l] - e~arIa

the sky > [DZa skai] - cerul

socket > [sokit] - priza

so far > [sau fa:'] - pana acum, deocamdata

stamp > [stEmp] - timbru

strong > [stron(g)] - tare, putemic

sunny

telephone
> [sani]

> [tehfaun]
- insorit, cu soare

- telefon
-. -\

temperature > [ tempnt~a'] - temperatura, febra

ticket > [tiklt] - bilet

tram > [trEm] - tramvai

tram stop > [trEm stop] - statie de tramvai

under > [ anda'] - sub

.
wall > [Uo:l] _0 zid, perete

wall-paper > [U o:l peipa'] - tapet

weather-forecast > [UeDZa' fo:'ka:st] - prognoza vremii,

buletin meteorologic

wind > [lImd] - vant

windy > [llindl] - vfmtos, cu mult vant

yet > [let] - inca, deja

36