REZUMAT

1. Pronumele posesiv:

my al meu, a mea, ai mei, ale our al nostru, a noastra, ai no~tri.

mele ale noastre

your - a ta, al tau, ai tai, ale tale, your al vostru, a voastra, ai vo~tri,
a/al dumitale, ale voastre, alai dumitale, dum-
dumneavoastra neavoastra

his al lui/sau, a lui/sa, ai their - alaI, ai/ale lor

lui/sai, ale lui/sale

her al ei/sau, a ei/sa, ai ei/sai,

ale ei/sale

its a/aI, ai/ale lui, sale, ei

(pentru obiecte, notiuni
abstracte, animale)

Pronumele posesiv in limba engleza are aceea~i forma pentru toate genurile ~i nu-
merele.
my house casa mea
my mother mama mea
my child copilul meu
my flowers florile mele

2. Present Continuous Tense (timpul prezent continuu):

Se folose~te pentru a descriem 0 activitate care se petrece in momentul vorbirii:

I am reading a book now.

He is walking at the moment.

We are just working in the garden.

- 1-
LECTIA
, 13. - PARTEA INTAI

Azi va invitam la micul dejun. Toatc cuvintelc noi se refera la aceasta

tema:

plate > lr leit ] farfurie

fork > II'o:rk I fureul ila

spoon > [sr u:n] lingma

salt > I sn: ItI sare (ele bucfltarie)

salt-cellar solnita

egg > legj ou

saucer I'arfurioara

napkin > [IiEpkin! ~erveleL ~ervct

toast > lIt lustl paine praj ita

toaster gratar pentru rrajit

paine

egg-cup >kgkapj pahar pentru oua

Exersati acelca~i cuvinte, dar In alta ordine:

toast > : tOil .... t j p{line priljita

salt > IS,): It i sare (de bucatarie)

fork > r1'0: I k I furculita

egg-cup > leg karl pahar rentru oua

napkin > [nErkin] ~erveteL ~ervet

saucer > l su: S{I "J farfurioarii

egg > leg] OLI

salt-cellar > r so:lt self,r j solnitii

spoon > I spll:nj lingura

plate > 111kil! farfurie

toaster > ! \oll,L,'! gratar pentru priijit

paine

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I
Observati felul in care folosim cuvintele noi in prapozitii. Cititi prapozitii1e eu voce tare ~i
fili atenti la pranuntie.

We have just bought large >!lli: 1\1:\ dpst t"u la:'dj ?'\oi toemai am cumparat
plates. pieilS] far furi i Illari.

Bring a few forks. Adu citteva fureu lite.

Can r take this spoon? >rkFn ai te/k [J/ is spu:n] Pot sa iau aceasta lingllra?

They must buy a salt-cellar. >[[)/ei Illast hai a sO'lt Ei trebuie sa ellmpere 0

\cla i I solnita.
" r
I 100e toasts for breakfast. >[ al b\ toush t,l: Imi place painea prajita la
brckl11stj miCLd dejun.

We don't have salt at home. >rlli: uount hE\ so:l! Et . Acasa nu avem sare.
houlll]

How many eggs did you cat >Ihau mcni cgl UIU iu: i:t Cate oua ai mancat la
for breakfast? ["oJ brt'klast] mil'ld dejun?

Can you bring me a saucer? >1 !d"n iu: brll1\~) 1111: ,'I Pori sa-mi aduci 0
,r
,0: S:I ] farfurJoari"l')

Have we red napkins at >lhh. lI i: rcd nEpkllh f·t A\ em acasa ~erve(elc

. ',)
home? houlll J ro~11.

Put the bread into the toaster. >lput O/a bred intu [)/i"l Pune p,linca in prajitorul
toust:/I de paine!
/ r
These egg-cups arc very nice. >lD i:z eg kaps a: \ crJ Aceste pahare pentru ou5
nais] sum foartc frumoase.

Completati propozi}iile in Iimba englcza, utilizand cuvintele noi:

Trebuie sa am un prajitor de paine in - I must have >:.1 toaster in the kitchen.

bucatarie.

Cite farfurii ai cumparat? How many >platcs have you bought?

Aceste linguri sunt prea mario These .Y>pO()IlS are too big.

iti place sarea? Do you like :>salt '!

De obicei mananc un au in fiecare zi. r usually cat one xgg every day.
Am adus aceste pahare pcntru oua din We have brought these ::c,~gg-ClipS from
Anglia. England.

Care furculi(e vrei sa Ie cumperi? Which >fnrb do you want to buy'?

Solnita este plina. The -;.;all-cellar is full.

Aduce-ti, va rag, farfurioarcle. Bring the ><ll!Cer~ , pleasc.

$ervetelul estc sub scaunul trlU. Thc >napk ill is under your chair.

!"t-at miincat deja piiimle prajtte'! Have you already eatcn your >l,lash ,)

- 3 -
In mod sigur v-ati Insu~it foarte bine cuvintele noi. Sa Ie reluam aHituri de numere. Traduceti
In Iimba engleza:

23 de Iinguri > twcI1ly-thrcc spoons

62 de pahare de oua > sixty-two cgg-cup~

o farfurioara de sare > onc saucer or salt

17 furculite > sc\cntccn forks
12 griitare pentm prajit paine > lwc I'liC toasters
43 de solnite > forty-three salt-cellars
99 de farfurii > nincty-ninc platcs
13 ~ervetele > thirtcen napkins
100 de oua > a hundred eggs
cateva paini prajite > some toasts

Ali relinut desigur ea, in limba engfeza, pronumele posesiv se ajla de, obieei, inaintea
subsantivului:

This is my car. Aceasta este ma~ina mea.

Our house is large. Casa noastra este mare.

Sunt insa situalii in care pronumele posesiv sta singur, ca un pronume independent $i nu este
urmat de substantiv. in aeest caz se sehimba $i forma pronumelui, pe care il numim pronume
posesiv independent. De exemplu:

mine > rIII ~I in I al meu, a mea, ai mei, ale mele

yours > I io J /] al tau, a ta, ai'tai, ale tale, aI, a, ai, ale
dumitale, dumneavoastra
his > Ihi/1 al lui/sau, a lui/sa, ai lui/sai, ale lui/sale
r
hers > lila: /1 al ei/sau, a ei/sa, ai ei/sai, ale ei/sale
its > [Its] lui, sale, ei (pentm obiecte, notiuni
abstracte, animale)

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 r
ours >Ia\\az] al nostru, a noastra, ai
no~tri, ale noastre
yours >LIO.IZ] al vostru, a voastra, ai
v01,itri, ale voastre
theirs >![)\'/1;1 al/a/ai/ale lor

Sa exersam, in propozitii, situatiile in care trebuie sa folosim pronumele posesiv:

r
It is my car. > [It II l1Iai ka. I Aceasta este ma1,iina mea.
This car is mine. >: [) /
IS LI' II main]
r
Aceasta ma~ina este a
mea.
Don't take his pen. > j dounl lC/k hi! pen] Nu lua stiloul lui!
r
Take yours. > [tc/k 10. z] Ia-I pe al tau!
This is their money. > [f)"is iz n/c/ mam] - Ace1,itia sunt banii lor.
I I r
This money is theirs. > [D IS manl II [) CI z1 Ace~ti bani sunt ai lor.

in exercitiul urmator, completati propozitiile:

Aceasta este bicicleta mea. This is >!11" bicycle.

Aceasta carte este a ta? - Is this book >YUUIS?
Aceste stilouri sunt ale lui. These pens are > his .
Acea haina este a ei. That coat is > hel s .

Acestea sunt merele noastre. These are> OUI apples.

Aceste tigari sunt ale tale? Are these cigarettes> J ours?
AceasHi solnita este a lor? Is this salt-cellar> thclrs ?
Acest ceasomic este ale lui. This clock is > 1m .
Este ma1,iina ei? Is it > hcr car?
Acele ce~ti sunt ale tale. Those cups are> yours.
Aceste birouri sunt ale lor. These desks are> thclrs .
Sunt pisicile noastre. They are> our cats.
Sunt pantofii mei. They are> my shoes.

Urmeaza din nou cateva cuvinte noi:

empty > rcmptl] gol

delicious > [dlli,;>Chl delicios, savuros
fried > [I'j ,,/(.1] fript, pdijit
fat > [tEt] gras, plin de gdisime
in a hurry > 1111 CI hall' in graba, la repezeala

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Exersati acelea~i cuvinte, dar in alta ordine:
delicious > i Jlli~;bj delicios, savuros
in a hurry > rill Cl hari] In graba, la repezeala
fried > [lraiJ I fript, prajit
empty > [rmpti] gol
fat > [ fEll gras, piin de grasime

Retineti urmatoarea expresie: to be in a hurry. De exemplu:

I am in a hurry. Ma grabesc.
They were in a hurry. Ei se grabeau.

lar acum cititi cu atentie propozitiile de mai jos In care am indus cuvintele noi:

These tomatoes are delicious. > [D/i:/ r{lll1a:l,lC:/ :1. Aceste ro~ii sunt
delicioase.

Don't eat in a hurry. > [dOlillt i:t ill [I hari I Nu manca in graba!

He likes fried potatoes. > [hi: laiks fraid pClte;tnllz] Lui ii plac cartofii prajiti.
" r I ' . 1
Your cup is empty. > 110: ",ap 1/ cmplll Cea~ca ta este goaHi.

This cat is very fat. Aceasta pisica este foarte

grasa.

Folositi cuvintele noi in urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

Acest barbat gras maniinca prea mult. This > [,j l man eats too much.

Farfuria ei este goala? Is her plate> c'mpt\ ?

fmi place pe~tele prajit. I like> h'led fish.

Te grabe~ti? Are you> ill <1 hu:ry?

Briinza aceasta este delicioasa. This cheese is > lkiiciollS.

Pentru exersare traduceti cuvintele noi:

in graM > ill :1 hurry

gol > CIl1!1t\

I .

gras

delicios

prajit

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in cele ce urmeaza ne vom ocupa de exprimarea ac{iunilor care se vor petrece in viitor. in
limba engleza in acest scop se folose!jte timpul Simple Future Tense r,imp1 riu.l~fl' IClh I'
Formarea lui este simpla: verbul auxiliar willi "i1] urmat de forma I-a a verbului principal,
infinitivul.

Urmari{i stuctura propozi(iei:

Pronumele + verbul auxiliar + foma I-a a +

personal will verbului principal
I will come to you tomorrow.
She will write a letter today.

Complementele de timp se plaseaza la inceputul sau la s[anjitlll propozi(iei. Complementele

de timp, care in cazul altar timpuri se alla la mijlocul propozitiei, la acest timp tree inaintea
verbului principal.

Urmeaza ciiteva exemp1e eu viitorul simplu:

1
He will visit his mother next> [hi. lid \ i/l! hl/ 111:11)/:1 EI 0 va vizita pe mama sa
week. 11-: k '! II I kI sapUimana viitoare.

They will have breakfast at > I f)/C! L1 1l hl.\ hil'L',-"t I! Maine la ~apte vor lua ei
seven tomorrow. ,t'\ 11 t{lInnrnll] micul dejun.
1I
I will be at home in the > 1,1/ Ii hi b hlHl1ll 111 Diseara voi fi acasa.
evening. /. I '-!)
D I I \ !l!1l - I
We will wait for you till > Ill!. lid II CII I'll I Ill" td Te vom a~tepta pana la
three o'clock. r'fl :Iklokl ora trci.

They will always live here. > [[)/'-I IIJi o.llI'-'I/ 11\ 111:1 I Ei vor locui Intotdeauna
aici.
/ I 'I
My father will go to > [mal fa:!) a 'II ~lHI til Tatal meu va merge
England tomorrow. illglflild tflIlHHOU\ maine in Anglia.

La persoana a-I-a singular ~i plural (I, we) in locullui will se poate folosi
~i verbul auxiliar shall.
In limbajul uzual Insi'!, se folose~te mai des verbul auxiliar will.

In exercitiul urmator completati propozitiile cu expresia corespunzatoare la tIlnpul viitor:

Maine vom eina In gradina. Tomorrow we > \\ ill kl\ ,-' dinner in the
garden.
Sapti'!mana viitoare vom merge la Londra. Next week we > \\ II: g" to London.
Peste doua zile ii vom vizita pe parintii no~tri. - We > \\ ill \ \, It our parents in two days.
Maine seara vom asculta radiou!' Tomorrow evening we >" ill Ih ' ,:11 t,)
the radio.
Vom [1 intotdeauna 'impreuna. We >'.\1]; ,,1.\,1\, hc together.
Saptamana viitoare vom plati ma~ina. Next week we > \\ I! 1 I '.1\ for the car.
Maine 'ii voi scrie lui. 1>'\111 ,\"l,' to him tomorrow.

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Vor merge la plimbare dimineata. They> \\ i II go for a walk in the
morning.
Ea nu va vedea asta niciodata. She> wi II never see it.
Voi fi la servici la cinci. I > will hl' at work at five.

Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

Parintii no~tri vor veni maine la noi. > Ollr parents wi II cOll1e to liS tornorrO\\'.
Saptamana viitoare voi incerca sa fac 0 > Next weeK I will try to make a bookcase.
biblioteca.
Vom cobori la a treia statie. > Wc will get olT at the third stop.
Vom merge la Londra in martie. > We will go to London ill March.
Maine dimineata voi fi acolo. > 1 will be therc tomorrow rnorl1lng.
Ei ne vor a~tepta. > Thev will wait for liS.

Voi vorbi cu el despre acest roman. > i \\ili talk with him about this novel.
Tata imi va da miercuri ma~ina. > Father \\ ill gj\C 111C the C~lr on
\Vednesd;l) .
Maine va straluci soarele. > The slin \\ill ,;hillL~ tomorrow.

Iar acum yom invata cateva verbe. Cititi cuvintele cu voce tare ~i fiti atenti la pronuntia lor
corecta:

to leave > [tu h:\] a parasi, a pleca

to boil > [Ill boilj a fierbe, a clocoti
to use > [tu iLL!:l a folosi, a utiliza, a intrebuinta
r
to pour > Illl po:1 a tuma, a varsa
to pass > [lll pa:sJ - a pasa, a da
to tell > [tll tel] a spune
(n)
to hang > [tu hl:n '" ] a atama, a agata
to translate > [tu trEllslcit 1 a traduce

Exersati acelea~i cuvinte, intr-o alta ordine:

to boil > Itll boil] a fierbe, a clocoti

to pass > [tu pa:s] a pasa, ada

to use > [tu i\lJ 1 a folosi, a utiliza, a intrebuinta

to tell > [tll tell a spune

to hang > [I\I hI'n ()!.) a atama, a agata

to translate > [ t \I IrEn,;!cil] a traduce

to pour > I t \I po r I a tuma, a varsa

to leave > r I \I Ii \ I a parasi, a pleca

-8-
 Retineti ca expresia to leave for se traduce prin: a pleca,
a caIatori undeva.

Cateva dintre verbele noi sunt neregulate. Sa ne Insu~im cele trei forme ale acestor verbe:

forma a-I-a forma a-II-a forma a-III-a

leave >[li:v] left >[lcfi] left > Ilcn]

tell > [tel] told >ltouldJ told >[touldl

hang > [hEn(g)] hung > lhan(gi hung > [han(g)]

lar acum sa vedem cum se folosesc verbele noi In propozitii:

They have already left. > [Ozci hFv o:lredi left] Ei au plecat deja.
. 1I . (t>:) z·
I want to hang this picture > !at Olll tll hLn ~ D IS Vreau sa atam aceasta
over the settee. pI'k·t~a_r Oll\a_I' 0/-ascII:. 1 pictura deasupra canapelei.

Please, pour me some tea. > Ipli:z po:r mi: sam ti:] - Toama-mi, te rag, ni~te
ceai.

I will tell him about it. > [ai lI ij leI him i'lballl it] Ii voi spune lui despre
asta.

Pass me the salt. > [pa:s mi: IJza so:ltJ - Oa-mi sarea.

I will boil the water. Voi fierbe apa.

I have already translated this> [ai hEv o:lredi Am tradus deja aceasta
letter. trEnsleitid f)/is leU{] scrisoare.

We can't use Peter's car > lUi: ka:nl ill:z pi:li/z ka J Nu putem folosi azi
today. ladei] ma~ina lui Petre.

In exercitiul urmiitOf, completati propozitiile 'in limba engleza cu forma corespunzatoare a

verbului:

Peste 0 saptamana vom pleca la Bucure~ti. We will> Ica\ c for Bucharest in a week.

Ai fiert oua? Have you> boilcd eggs?

Poti folosi telefonul lui. - You can > lhC his telephone.

Iti tom cafea. I'm >pourillg you coffee.

Poti sa dai zaharul? - Can you> pass the sugar?

Nu-i voi spune lui despre asta niciodata. I >wilJ nc\cr tell him about it.

leri am atamat perdelele. Yesterday I > hung the curtains.

Pana acum am tradus doua ciini. So far I > h;1\ l' trallslalL'd two books.

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 Tell/say

Ambele verbe au acela~'i inteles, dar Ie folosim in contexte di/erite:

Cu ajutorul verbului say, spunem, exprimam ceva:

He's said a few words about this noveL A spus catcva cuvinte dcspre acest
roman.
They say we have a nice house. Ei spun ca avem 0 casa frumoasa.

""" Cu ajutorul verbului tell spunem cuiva ceva (to tell about·· a povesti, a spline):

He's told me about the book. Mi-a povestit despre carte.

She will tell you about my brother. iti va spune despre fratele meu.

Sa incerciim sa folosim cele invatate. Utilizati forma corespunzatoare a verbului "to say" sau
"to tell" in unnatoarele propozi!ii:

Ti-am vorbit deja despre asta. I've already> told you about it.

EI spune ca nu-i place sora mea. He > says he doesn't like my sister.

Spune ceva despre munca tao > Say something about your work.

EI a spus ca cerul este albastru. He has> s,lid the sky is blue.

Inca nu mi-a spus despre asta. He hasn't> told me about it yet.

Cand vrei sa-i spui nevestei tale despre When do you want to > Il'l I your wife
aceasta ma~ina? about this car?

Unneaza ultimul exerci!iu al acestei parti a lectiei. Traduce!i propozi!iile in Iimba englcza:

Maine voi cumpara farfurii ~i farfurioare. > ]0 11111ITO\\ I \\ill bu) pLtlL'S and saucers.

Nu pot fierbe ouale acum! > I can't hclil tile eggs ntlw'

Vom atama acest tablou in donnitor. > We will hang this picture in the hedroom.

Nu lua Iingura mea, ia-o pe- a tal > Don't take my spoon. take yours.

Acest pe~te prajit este delicios. > This fried fish is lklicioliS.

Copiii no~tri vor veni la noi sambata. > Our children will cOllle til liS on '-;aturdav.

Spune-mi unde sunt ~ervetelele. > Tell me where the n,lpkins ,Ire.

Cate paini prajite poti manea?

Aceasta ma~ina este a mea, ~i aceea este a > This car is mine a III I tbt is his.
lui.

Cand vrei sa pleci Ia Bucure~ti? > \A/hen do VIlll W,lIlt to Iea\ eli))'
BlIcklre~t'.)

Unde pot sa-mi agar haina? > \\hcre call I klllg my coat'.'

Trebuie sa traduc aceasta carte pana in > I 11111'1 tLlI1~Lite this hook hy February.
februarie.

-10-
LECTIA 13. - PARTEA A DODA

Incepem lectia invatand cuvinte noi. Cititi-Ic cu voce tare ~i incercati

sa Ie retineti:

arm > [a:tm] - brat

knee > [ni:] - genunchi

toe > [tou] - deget de la picior

nail > [neil] - unghie

finger > [Hng!i"] - deget

belly > [bcli] - burta, stomac

chest > [t~est 1 piept

elbow > [clbou] - cot

wrist > Irist] - ineheietura mainii

wrist-watch > [rist llot~] ceas de mana

back > [bEk] spate, spinare

shoulders :::-'> [~ouldatz] umen

Repetati acelca~i cuvinte dar in alta ordine:

wrist-watch > Irist llot~] eeas de mana

elbow > [clbou] - cot

finger > [l1ngf/] - deget

knee > Ini:] - genunehi

shoulders > houldarz] - umen

wrist > [rist] - incheietura mainii

chest > It~est] - piept

nail > [neil] - unghie

arm > [aJm] - brat

back > [hEk] - spate, spinare

toe > [tou] - deget de la picior

belly > [hcli] - burta, stomac

- II -
Citi!i cu atentie propozi!iile de mai jos, in care veri intalni ~i cuvintele noi:
(,,) I
You have long anns. > [/U: hl'\ Ion - a. IIlll Ai bra!e lungi.

She was on her knees. Ea In genunchi.

Every man has ten fingers > [cvrl I11I'n hEI tcn Fiecare om are zece
and ten toes. 1
t1nga z /--.nd tCIl (oU/I degete la mana ~i zece la
picior.

Your nails are too long. Unghiile tale sunt prea

lungi.

That man has a big belly. > 11/1.1 mEn hE! :1 big Omul acela are 0 burta
bl'll i mare.

I
Men usually have hair on > !mclJ III jU:Iil hi ,ll d I Barbatii au de obicei par
the chest. Oil ))/:1 t)c~t i pe piept.

My elbow is all right now. > [mal clhou II (\:1 1",111 1l:1lI] Cotul meu este bine acum.

This wrist-watch is hers. > .t [)I IS r1~1

1I
()t~ II
I);1- r I ] Acest ceas de mana este
al ei.

You have a brown back. > [Ill hh :1 hraun bLkj Ai un spate bronzat.
r
She has a shawl on her >1,1 hl/:J~l,i(,nh,l. - Ea are 0 e~arfii pe umeri.
shoulders. )Oli/crl1/j

)
Is your wrist all right now? > i II II)' rlSt (I I 1";111 ILilll Incheietura mainii tale es-
te bine acum?

Traduceti in limba engleza denumirea unnatoarelor paTti ale corpului:

I. spate 6. piept > chc~t

2. umar 7. deget de la mana > llI1!' l')

/ '

3. cot 8. brat > ,11111

4. incheietura > \\ I I,t 9. stomac > bcll\

mainii

5. unghie 10. genunchi > klll'L'

II. deget de la >t(IL'

~ picior

- 12-
Acum ne vom intoarce la timpul Simple Future !ii vom invii{a cum se formeazii interogativul
$i raspllnsllrile corespunziitoare.

intrebarile la timpu! Simple Future se jorrneazii prin inversarea ordinii verbului allxiliar will
$i a substantivullli sau a pronl,lmelui personal.

She will go to Will she go to > [ui! ~i: gou tu Va merge ea maine
Bucharest tomorrow. Bucharest bukarcst tiimornu] la Bucure~ti?
tomorrow?
They will translate Will they translate > [ll il J)/ei trEns leit VOl' traduce
r
this letter. this letter? D/is leta ] aceasta scrisoare?

Transformati urmatoarcle enunturi in propozitii interogative:

We will leave for England tomorrow. > Will we leave for England tomorrow')

Mother will tell them about this boy. > Will mother tell them about this boy')

They will hang ten pictures in their > Will they hang ten picturcs in their
living-room, living-room?

He will use his father's car next month. > Will he usc his f~lthcr's car next month'!

Next week they will come to us. > Will they corne to us next week?

Tradueeti urmatoarele propozitii interogative in limba engleza:

VOl' Inecrca sa faca asta maine? > Wil! they try to do it tOI1l0IT()\V'.)

Lmi vei cumpara aceasta haina? > Will you buy me this coat')

Va canta el acest e:intee? > Will he sing this song')

Ne va arata cl camera lui? > Will he show us his roOIll'.!

Vei luera maine? > \Vill you work tOl11orrow?

Ei vor lua eopiii in Anglia? > Will they take the children to England?

Raspunsurile afirmative se fiJrmeaza CII ajutoru! cuvdntului yes, a pronumelui personal. $i a

verbului auxiliar will:

Will they make a bookcase tomorrow? Yes, they will. >[ies D/ ei lIi\]

Will you ask him this question? Yes, I will. >[ies ai lI il ]

Will she visit her brother next week? Yes, she will. >[ies ~i: lI il ]

Completari pronumele personal ~t verbul auxiliar eorespunzator in urmatoarele raspunsuri

scurte:

Will he write to you? Yes, >he will .

Will she cut the trees tomorrow? Yes, >she will
Will you thank them for the book? Yes, >1 will.
Will she wait for us? Yes, >she will
Will your brother come to you next month? Yes, >he will .

- 13 -
Negatia se formeaza eu ajutorul negatiea no pronumelui personala, verbului auxi/iar will,
~ia euvdntului not. Construetia will not se poate preseurta astfel: won't> [u ounl I :

Will you pay for dinner? No, I will not. > [noLI ai lIi! Ilot I

No, I won't. > [noLI ai lI o11nl J

Will he send this letter? No, he will not. > [noll hi: "il Ilot]
No, he won't. > [noll hi: lI ounl ]

Will your parents visit you tomorrow? No, they will not. > [noll n/ ci lIi1 not]
No, they won't. > [noLI D/ei lIo11nt ]

Formulati raspunsul negativ la urmatoarele intrebiiri:

Will they talk to you? No, >Ihey won'l .

Will Peter show you the suit? No, >11C won't.

Will he use this chair? No, >hc \\ on"1 .

Will she tell me about this man? No, >she won"t .

Propozitii/e interogative la care raspundem eu propozitii intregi :'ii nu Ilumai eu cuvintele

"sa" sau "nu" sunt propozitii interogative partiale. Acestea se formeazii ell ajlltorlll unui
pronume interogativ, a~ezat inaintea verbului auxiliar:

When will you come? > [lien lI i1 ill: kam] Cand vei veni?

Dnde vor cina?

Who will do it? > Ihu: llil du: it] - Cine va face asta?

Traduceti urmatoarele intrebari in limba engleza:

La ce ora te vei scula maine? > Whal lime wi II you get UF lomorrow')

Ce ma~ina vei conduce la Londra? >Whal car \vill you dri\c 10 London'!
·111~
Cfmd vei merge la lucru? > Whcn wi II yOli go to work.'!

Cine va cauta ciiinele? > Who wi II look fiJr the dog'!

Dnde vei agata telefonul? > \Vherc will YlHI hallg thc tclephonc'!

Struetura negativii will not/won't 0 putem folosi ~i in propozitii integri:

I won't put on this coat. > [ai lI 01l1l1 rUI Oil lY!is Nu voi imbraca aceasta
kOUl J haina.

They won't buy this house. > [[)\~l lI\Hlllt hai f)/is Nu vor cumpara aceasta
halls] casa.

My sister won't teach in this> [mai sistii'" uOUll1 li:l~ in Sora mea nu va preda in
school. D/ ISS kU: I] aceasta ~coala.

- 14-
in exerci~iul urmator traduce~i propozi~iile in limba engleza:

Nu voi fi niciodata dactilograra. > I will nc\cr bc a typist.

Mama mea va merge maine la spital. > My mothcr will go to hospital tOl1lornw..

Peste doua saptamani nu yom avea de lucru. > \'/c WOI1'( havc \\ork in two wceks.

Cine te va a~tepta? > Who will wait for you')

Unde ne vom opri? > Whcrc wII! \\C stop')

Vei traduce aceasta scrisoare? > \Vill vou translate this Icttcr')

Voi vorbi cu tine despre acest magazin. > We will tcll you about this shop.

lata cateva cuvinte noi:

electric > [ilektrik[ electric

tired > [taiil\J] obosit

sweet dulce

only > [ounli] numai, doar

hungry > [hangri] flamand, infometat

thirsty - insetat

Exersati acelea~i cuvinte dar in alta ordine:

only > [ounlil numai, doar

hungry > [hangri 1 flamand, infometat

electric > [ilektrik] electric

tired > [taiCI r d 1 obosit

thirsty > [T'a:\ti] insetat

sweet > [s u i :t ] dulce

Retineti expresiile urmatoare:

[ am thirsty - cu semnificatia de:

1. Imi este sete. - sens propriu

2. Sunt insetat (de). Doresc - sens figurat

[ am hungry - eu semnificatia de:

l. imi este foame. - sens concret, biologic

2. Sunt infometat dupa ... - sens figurat

- 15 -
In mod sigur v-ati insu~it deja cuvintele noi. Traduceti propozitiile in limba engleza!

Au instrumente electrice? > Have they electric took)

leri am fost foarte obosit ~i infometat. > I was very tired and h\\I1~cry ycsterday.
Unde ai cumparat aceste mere dulci? > Where did you huy thcse 'iwcct apples')
Mi-e sete. > I am thirsty.
Mi-au trimis numai 0 scrisoare. > They have sent me only one letter.

Intelesul expresiei "only" se schimba in cazul in care este precedat de un

articol hotariit. Semnificatia expresiei the only este: singurul, unicuI.
Articolul hotarit "the" poate fi inlocuit cu un pronume posesiv.

De exemplu:

It's the only plant in this > [its Ol'j ounli pla:nt In Este singura planta in
room. Ol'is ru:m] aceasta camera.
7
He is my only brother. > [hi:z mai ounli bra0 i/j Este singurul meu frate.

Acum sa facem cuno~tinta cu diteva verbe noi:

to taste > [tll teist] a gusta

to feel > [tll fi:l] - a simti, a atinge, a pipai
to begin > [tll bigin] a incepe, a se apuca de
to build > [tll bild] a c1adi, a construi
to catch > [tll kEt~] - a prinde, a apuca, a
retine, a sc imbolnavi de
to fall > [tll 1'0:1] a cadea, a se prabu~i

lata cum folosim aceste verbe in propozitii:

When did you build this > [uen did ill: hild [)I'is Ciind ai construit aceasta
house? hallS] casa?

Today I feel very good. > [t[ldei ai fi:l veri glld] Azi rna simt foarte bine.
Have you already tasted the > [hEv ill: o:lredi teistid Ai gustat deja pe~tele?
fish? OZa fi~]
The leaves are falling from > [07 a li:vI a: r fo:lin(g) - Frunzele cad de pe copaci.
the trees. from [/a tri:2]
Summer always begins in Vara incepe intotdeauna
June. dju:nJ in iunie.

I must catch the train early > [ai mast k Ft~ [)/ a (rein Trebuie sa prind trenul
in the morning. aJli in [)7 a mo:rnin(g)j dimineata devrerne.

- 16-
Cateva verbe noi sunt neregulate. Vom invata formele acestora:

Forma a I-a Forma a II-a Forma a III-a

feel > [ti'lj felt > [kit] felt > [kit)
begin > [hlgin] began > [hlgEn] begun > [hlgan]
catch > [kFt~] caught > rko:t] caught > ~k,).t]

build > !blld] built > [llIIl] built > [biltj

fall > [hi] fell > [fell fallen > : fo: In]

In continuare completati propozitiilc cu forma corespunzatoare a verbului:

Pisica tocmai a prins 0 pasare. The cat has just> caught a bird.

Jeri am cazut pe podea. I > fell on the floor yesterday.

Ei nu au construit inca aceasta casa. - They haven't> bUIlt this house yet.

Cand vei incepe sa cite~ti asta? When will you> hegln to read it?

Cum te-ai simtit cand ti-a vorbit despre - How did you > feci when he told you
asta? about It?

Iar acum yom recapitula intregul material al lectiei. Traduceti propozitiile in limba engleza:

Voi merge la magazin ~i voi cumpara > ! \\ III go to thc shop and huy plates and
farfurii ~i ~ervetele. napkin~.

Ai mancat vreodata oua?

Nu mi-e foame. > I'm nut hungl}

Azi nu iau ma~ina mea. a voi lua pe a ei. > 1'111 not takIng l11y car today. I \\ til take
hers

Cina aeeasta a fast delieioasa. > rhls dinner \\ as dclICIUllS.

Ieri am inceput sa eladim un ~opron in > Yesterday \\ e heuan to hu dd a shed In

gradina. the garden.

Nu voi merge eu un autobuz gol. > I \\ on't go hy an empty bus.

Cand imi vei eauta cainele? > \\ hen WIll you look for my dog')

Nu pot agata acest tablou. > ! ClII't hang IhJ~ rlcturc

El mi-a dat sarea. > ! Ie rassed me the salt

Spune-mi unde este fratele tau.

Nu vor traduce niciodata aceasta carte. > Till'} \vill ne\el translate thiS hook

EI a spus ca nu va fi ~ofer. > He has s~lJd he \\ on't he a drl\ er.

Cate unghii are un caine?

- 17-
Iti voi da ccasul mcu. > I will give you my watch.

Nu vreau sa beau, dar mi-c sete. > I dOIl't want to drink but I am thirsty.

La srar~itul lectiei iata obi~nuitul exercitiu de pronuntie. Repetati cuvintele:

[1I] [ci] [0: J [oil [ail

book taste pour boy fried
look plate floor boil bright
put late door why
good date sky

- 18 -
13. RECAPITU LARE
13.1. Pronumele posesiv

Pronumele posesiv sta de obicei inaintea substantivului:

This is my car. - Aceasta este ma$ina mea.
Our housc is large. Casa noastra este mare.

Sunt insa ~i situatii in care pronumele posesiv apare singur, ca un pronume propriu
$i nu este urmat de substantiv. in acest caz se schimba $i fonna lui. $i se nume$te
pronume posesiv propnu:
mille > [main] al meu, a mea, ai mei, ale mele
yours > [ioJzj al tau, a ta, ai tai, ale tale, alla/ai/ale
dumitale, dumneavoastra
his > [hiz] a1 lui/sau, a lui/sa, ai lui/sai, ale lui/sale
hers > [haJz] a1 ci/sau, a ei/sa, ai ei/sai, ale ei/sale
its > [its] lui, sale, ci (pentru obiecte, notiuni
abstracte, animale)
ours > [auih] - al nostru, a noastra, ai nO$tri, ale noastre
yours > [io:rz] - al vostru, a voastra, ai vo~tri, ale voastre
theirs > [Dzc/z] -- al/a/ai/ale lor

This book is mine. - Aceasta cartc este a mea.

These cars are hcrs. - Aceste ma$ini sunt ale ei.

13.2. Timpul viitor simplu - Simple Future Tense

13.2.1. Acest timp se folose~te astfe I:

1. Pentru descricrea tuturor aqiunilor, evenimentelor obi$nuite sau unice

care se petrec in viitor folosim timpul Simple Futurc.

2. Fom1area lui este simpla: verbului auxiliar "will" ii adaugam fonna I-a
a verbului principal, infinitivul.
Structura propozi!iei:
Pronume + verbul auxiliar + verb principal +
personal fonna a-I-a (infinitiv)
will come to you tomorrow.

She will write a letter today.

Complementele de timp stau la inceputul sau la sfar~itul propozi!iei.
Acele eomplemente de timp care in cazul altor timpuri se afla la
mijlocul propozitiei, la acest timp trec inaintea verbului principal.

3. La persoana I-a singular $i plural (,,1, we"), verbul auxiliar "will" ~i

"shall" [~EI] se pot folosi in cgala masura.Verbul auxiliar "will" se
folosqte insa mai des.

19 -
 13.2.2. Intcrogativul

Interogativul la timpul Simple Future se formeaza prin inversarea ordinii

verbului auxiliar "will" :;;i a pronumelui personal sau a substantivului.
She will go to Bucharest - Will she go to Bucharest tomorrow?
tomorrow.

13.2.3. Raspunsurile

Raspunsul afirmativ se formeaza cu ajutorul cuvantului "yes", a pronumelui

personal, :;;i a verbului auxiliar "will".
Will they make a bookcase - Yes, they will.
tomorrow?

Raspunsul negativ se fonneaza cu ajutorul cuvantului "no", a pronumelui

personal, a verbului auxiliar "will" :;;i a cuvantului de negatie "not", Constructia
"will not" poate fi prescurtata "won't",

Structura negativa "will not/won't" poate fi folosita ~i in propozitii complete:

I won't put on this coat. - Nu voi imbraca aceasta haina.

13.3. Verbele "say" ~i "tell"

Ambele verbe au aceea~i semnificatie dar se folosesc in contexte diferite:

*say - "a spune, a zice ceva":

He said a few words about this EI a spus diteva cuvinte despre acest
::-
novel. roman.
They say we have a nice house. Ei spun ca avem 0 casa frumoasa.

*tell - "a spune cuiva ceva":

(to tell about - "a povesti, a spune")

He told me about the book. - Mi-a povestit despre carte.

13.4. "Hungry" ~i "thirsty"

Semnificatia propozitiei ,,1 am thirsty":

I. Imi este sete. (necesitate biologica)

2. Sunt insetat de. Doresc .. , (necesitate sufleteascii)

Semnificatia propozitiei ,,1 am hungry":

I. Imi este foame. (necesitate fiziologica)

2. Am nevoie de (necesitate sufleteasca)

13.5 "Only" ~i "the only"

Semnificatia cuvantului "only" se schimbii in cazul in care este precedat de un

articol hotarat. "The only" are semnificatia de "singurul", "unicul". Articolul hotarat
.,the" poate fi inlocuit cu un pronume posesiv.

- 20-
13. TEMA. PENTRU ACASA
A. Traduceti propozitiile in limba roman a:

I. I haven't caught your cat but theirs.

2. Why are you in a hurry?

3 Who will never build a school?

4. Where won't you go in March?

5. How many pictures has he hung on the wall in the bedroom?

6. I am very hungry.

B. Traduceti propozitiile In limba engleza:

1. Peste 0 saptamana voi merge in Anglia.

2. Miiine nu vom lucra deorecc trebuie sa cumparam ciiteva lucruri.

3. Poti sa-mi dai furculita aceea?

4. Nu Ie spune cine a Iacut asta.

5. Trebuie sa spunem ca noi nu am vazut asta.

6. Pot sa folosesc mai;)ina ta?

C. Corectati grei;)elile din propozitiile urmatoare:

I. I will be sleep tomorrow.

2. Have they already translate this letter?

3. This is my plate and that is your.

4. She has already leaved for London.

5. He can't fell in the street.

6. Mary is my the only sister.

- 21 -
LECTIA
, 14. - PARTEA INTAI

Sa incepem lectia, ca de obicei, cu invatarea cuvintelor noi. Cititi-le

cu voce tare ~i fiti atenti la pronuntie:

platform > [pIEtfoJm] peron, rampa

glass > [gla:s] sticla, pahar

accident > [Eksidallt] accidcnt

ashtray > [E~trci] scrumiera

hammer

vegetables

key
r
> [hEma ]

> [vedjitablz]

> [ki:]
ciocan

legume

chcie
I
story > [sto:ri] povcste, povestire

meat > [mi:t] came

news > [niu:z] ~tiri, noutati, vqti

wood > [lI ud] padure, !emn

Repetati ace!ea~i cuvintc, dar intr-o alta ordine:

vegetables > [vedj itiib lz 1 legume

accident > [Eksidallt] accident

news > [niu:z] ~tiri, noutati, ve~ti

key > [ki:] cheie

platform > [pi Etfo:rm] - peron, rampa

r
hammer > [h Ema ] ciocan

story > [sto:ri] - poveste, povestire

meat > [mi:t] came

ashtray > [E~trci] scrumicra

wood > [lI u d] padurc. lemn

glass >Igla:s] sticla, pahar

~22-
lata cum se folosesc cuvintele noi in propozit ii :

Bring me that big hammer. > Ibrin tg ) mi: D/EI big Adu-mi ciocanul acela
r mare!
hEl1la ]
/ Nu uita sa iei cheile!
Don't forget to take the keys. > [doun! forget tu leik 0 [1

ki:l]
Have you heard the news? Ai auzit noutatile?
I t' II r .
There were many people on > lDea a: melll pi:[1i on Erau multi oameni pe pe-
the platform. D I
[I [11 Ett'o:r lll ] ron.

There was an accident in the> [l/e,'{ lin/' an Eksidant A fost un accident in

street. in [/;1 st ri:! J strada.

Will you eat meat tomorrow? > Illi] iu: i:t Il1I'l l[llllorllll] Maine vei manca carne?

He drank a glass of water. > [hi: drEn(~)k [\ glas ll\ EI a baut un pahar cu apa.
li II: t[l r]

There is a lot of glass on > [f/ <"[/ iz [I lot 0\ glas Este 0 multime de stieHi
/ r pe podea.
the floor. on 0 a no: j

Who has told you this story? > [hu: hEI tould iu: [)/is Cine ti-a spus aceasta
s(o:riJ poveste?

We don't have ashtrays at > [lI i : dounl hEv E~trci/' FI Nu avem acasa scrumiera.
home. hOllm]

They used good wood to
make the chairs.
Do you want only
vegetables for dinner?
There are many woods in
England.
> [0/ ci iU:l:d gild llud IU Au folosit lemn bun
meik DEC! t~e[\rzJ pentru confeqionarea
scaunelor.
> Idu ill: lI ont ollllii Vrei doar legume la cina?
r r
ved.iit[lblz 1'0: diner ]
> [D\~C\r a J I11cni lI udr III Sunt multe paduri in Ang-
inglfllJd] lia.

"There was an accident in the shed."

- 23-
Va mai amintiti cuvintele noi? Daca da, atunci folositi-le in urmatoarele propozitii:

Da-i un pahar de lapte! Give him one > gl~\~~ of milk.

Ciocanul a cazut pe podea. The> lumll1Cl fell on the floor.
Va fi 0 poveste lunga. It will be a long> S\OJ ~ .

Ai ve~ti despre accident? Have you> III \\" about the> "celdcnl ?
Am pus cheile pe masa. I have put the> kc y on the table.
la putina came! Take a little> 111C"t .
Vreau sa locuiesc langa 0 padure. [ want to live next to a> \\ (hld.
Trenul pome~te de pe peronul doi. The train leaves from > pl<ltj~ll 111 two.
Vara legumele sunt ieftine. > \cgct,lhk~ are cheap in the summer.
Poti sa-mi dai scrumiera? Can you pass me the > a~hl! av?

In exercitiul urmator dati corespondentul englezesc al cuvintelor romane~ti:

sticIa > ~! I d"~ peron > p]Jtt~lI m

accident > accldcllt cheie > Kn

ciocan > h,,111 111 cr came > \~'C,ll

povestire > ~ t 01 ;- padure > \\ ood

lemn > \\ ~)~)(J ~tiri > IlC\\ "

scrumiera > ,I "IHI d) poveste > slon

legume > \ cgcLlblcs noutati > Ile\\ s

Urmari{i utilizarea euvantului own [(lllll]. Poale sta atat inaintea substantivului, eal ~i in
urma lUI, dar in aeest eaz se leaga de el prin prepozitia of. De exemplu:

1 use my own tools. > [,'I III / Il1dl (lUll ttl III Folosesc uneltele mele
proprii.
He has his own room. > [Ill ll[~z hlz oun ru 1111 El are camera lui proprie.
1 have a garden of my own. > [,II hb :1 ga:1dll 0\ 1ll,1I Am 0 gradina a mea
Ollllj proprie.

She has a house of her own. > [S! hLI C1 Il<lllS 0\ h:t Ea are 0 casa a ei proprie.
Ollll]

Cele doua strueturi se pot inloeui reeiproe.

Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii folosind cele doua expresii ale cuvantului "own":

Ai biblioteca personala? > I J <'\ C \ II 1I : 0 1I: • l \\ q '> I tl\ " \ l III .1 hoo ked Sl' 0 t
t1t)O!\Llt....,C) '.Utll ()I\ 11 )

Fratele meu are hotelul lui > \1\ blOlhcl hll ... 1, ,,, > \1, bn'lhcl has ,1 Ih)lll ,)1
propriu. '''\ )t~ I !1l '" 0\\ Ii

Am avut diinele meu > :"1 ~IJ 111' 0\\ 11 dug > \ Iud ,: dog oj 111\ (1\\ 1,

(propriu).

- 24-
lata ciHeva verbe noi:

to help > [Ill help] a ajuta

to sell > [Ill sel] a vinde

to clean > rIll kli:n] a curiita

to find > [IU faind] - a gasi

I
to hurt > [Ill ha: I] a rani, a j igni, a durea

to switch on > [tll S ll·II~ on'J a aprinde (lumina)

to switch off > [III s lI.It~ 0 tl a stinge (lumina)

Cateva dintre aceste verbe sunt neregulate. Invatati formele acestora:

forma a-I-a forma a-II-a forma a-lII-a

sell > [scI] sold > [sould] sold > [sould]

find > [faind] found > [faund] found > [faund]

hurt > [ha:rt] hurt > lha:!t] hurt > [ha:!t]

Sa exersam folosirea verbelor in propozitii. Cititi propozitiile cu voce tare ~i fiti atenti la
pronuntia corecta:

She helped me to write this > [~i: helpt mi: Iu rait D/is M-a ajutat sa scriu
letter last week. leta ' la:sl lI i :k ] aceasta scrisoare
sapUimana trecuta.

He wI'11 clean hl's OWll shoes. > [hI'·. lIl'l kl'I:n I'
lIZ oun ;;;U:Z J j ~i va curata pantofii
(proprii).

Where did you find the > [liCar did ill: faind D/[j Unde ai gasit biletele?
tickets? tikits]

Last night I hurt my knee. > [Ia:st nait ai h[j:'"t mai ni:] - Noaptea treeuta mam
ranit la genunchi.
r
His arm hurts. . I
> [hlz a: m h{l: IS] II doare bratul.
. h on th
SWltc ipease.
e toaster, > [s lI.It~ on 0 7 a tOUSt[1 r Pome~te, te rog, prajitorul
pli:z] de paine.

Did you switch off the lamp > [did iu: slIit~ of l/a Ai stins ieri lampa?
yesterday? tEmp icsU/lki]

They have sold seven cars > [O/ci hEv sou1d SC\11 Ei au vandut azi ~apte
today. ka:'"z ([Idci] ma~ini.

Have you cleaned your > [hEv iu: kli:nd 10: ru:m Ti-ai curatat deja camera?
room yet? iel]
Will you sell your house? > fUjI iu: sci io:'" haw;] Iti vei vinde casa?

- 25-
In exercitiul unnator completati propozitiile cu fonna corespunzatoare a verbului:
Sora ei i-a ajutat des. Her sister often> helr,xi them.
£1 tocmai ~i-a ranit incheietura mainii. He has just> hurt his wrist.
Ai vandut multe carti? Have you > ~nld many books?
Ieri am gasit acest ciocan. Yesterday I > fOUlld this hammer.
Maria tocmai deschide radioul. Mary is just> S\\ Itchll1g nil the radio.
Trebuie sa curatam casa pana vineri. We must> elean the house by Friday.
Inchide televizorul! > Sv" Itch oft the TV set.

Va amintiti desigur cele trei fonne ale verbelor noi. Traduceti unnatoarele verbe in limba
engleza, in~irand cele trei forme ale verbelor:

a vinde >lO scll > sold > ~()Id

a rani >tn hurt > hurt > hUI t

a curata >ro clean > cJcdllUl > c lcdlled
a aprinde (lumina) > to ~\\Itch on > S\\ ItLhcd on > S\\ I tehed Oil
a gasi >to fIlld > fUllild > fdUI1d
a ajuta > to help > helped > hel]1cd
a stinge (lumina) > tl) '\\Itch oC! > S\\ Itchcd nrl > ~\\ Itched off

Acum unneaza ciiteva cuvinte noi. Cititi-le cu voce tare ~i tJti atenti la pronuntia corecta:

old > [ould I in varsta, vechi, batran

new > [Il/U I nou
~ (\1)
everything > IC\l 11 1n " J tot, toate
everybody > [('vllbodll fiecare, toti, toata lumea
clean > [kl i. n] curat, neted
nobody > InoubodJ I nimeni
nothing > [naT "In (,,)
" ] nimic
American > [ClmcIIUn] american

Exersati acelea~i cuvinte ~i intr-o alta ordine:

everybody > [c\nbodl] fiecare, toti, toata lumea

clean > [kiI·n] curat, neted
American > [:lllH.'llkJllJ american
s (,)
nothing > Illaf Ill" 1 nimic
nobody > [lloubociIJ nimeni
new > [Il/u·l nou
,S (l!)
everything > [c\rIl In" tot, toate
old > [ouldj in varsta, vechi, batran

- 26-
lata cuvintele noi in propozitii:
r
Everybody knows her. > lc\'ribodi nou/' hfi: ] Toata lumea 0 cunoa~te.

There is nothing in the > [Olear iz naT'in(gl in - Nu este nimic in

ashtray. O/i E~trei] serumiera.

This is an old magazine. > [Ozis iz an ould Aceasta este 0 revista

mEgazi:n] veche.

He has forgotten everything. > [hi: hEz forgotn EI a uitat totu\.

cniT'in(g)j

I have bought a new suit. > [ai hb ho:t {I niu: su:t] Am cumparat un costum
nou.
There was nobody in the > [O/e/ lI oz noubodi in Nu era nimeni in camera.
room. D/a nun]

She is an American. > hi: iz an {lIl1crikrll1! Ea este 0 americanca.

/ I'I:n J
Are the windows clean? > [ a: r 0 a- 1I.111 d OUI Lt\.
Geamurile sunt curate?

Legat de complementul circumstantial never, am inviitat deja cii in limba englezii. nu existii
negafie dublii. Aceastii regulii este valabita ~i pentru cuvintele nobody, nothing, de exemplu:

I saw nobody in the street. Nu am vazut pe nimeni in strada.

So far he has done nothing. Pana acum el nu a facut nimic.

in exercitiul urmiitor eompletati propozitiile eu cuvintele corespunzatoare:

Cartile noi sunt scumpe. > New books are expensive.

Nu pot face nimic pentru tine. I can do > nothing for you.
Cine este acest om batran? Who is this> old man?
Voi spune asta la toata lumea. I will tell> c\crybody about it.
Totul este gata. > !:vcrythint! is ready.
Nu voi ajuta pe nimeni. I will help> nobody.
Aceste farfurii nu sunt curate. These plates are not> clean.
Ma~inile americane sunt seumpe. > Amcrican cars are expensive.

Traduceti in limba engleza propozitiile de mai jos:

Nu pot vorbi cu nimeni. > I can talk to nobody.

Iti plac cantecele americane? > Do you like Amcrican songs"
Tocmai am cumparat 0 ma~ina noua. > I havc just bought a Ih:W car.
Toata lumea vrea sa lucreze in aceasta ~coala. > Everybody wants tu work in this :>chool.
Trebuie sa vand aceste tablouri vechi. > I must sell these old pictures.
Camera este curata acum. > The mum is clean Il(m.
Nimic nu este u~or. > "othlng is casy
Iti voi da totul. > I \\ill gl\<:' vou ,,;vc'lything.

- 27-
 Retineti ca pronumele everybody ("fiecare, toti, toata lumea") se afla
intotdeauna la persoana a-HI-a singular.

in lectiile anterioare amfacut deja cuno~tintii Cll tlmpul Present Continuous, pe care-l tolosim
pentru exprimarea actiunitor care se desra~oara in momentul vorbirii. Dacii vrem sii descriem
o actiune din trecut, care s-a desta~urat la moment dat sau intr-o anumitii perioada. atunci
folosim timpul Past Continuous Tense [pa 'st kontil1luas tCl1s]. Perioda se indicii printr-un
complement de timp, sau cu ajutorul unei propozitli la timpul trecut simplu. dar poale reie~i
~l din context.

La construirea propozitiei folosim pronumele personal sau substantlvul, forma

corespunziitoare de trecut a verbului to be (was/were) ~i verbul principal cu sufixul -ing.

Pronumele + verb auxiliar + verb principal +

personal -ing
I was walking yesterday at five.
They were cleaning their room all day
yesterday.

Conjunctia while [lIad] - pe cfmd, in timp ce, se folose?te des eu timpul Past Continuous, ~i
exprimii desfii~urarea simultanii a doua actiuni.
/~ LI ( ,,)
The sun was shining while > I D a sal1 oz ,;>:1111111 e- Soarele stralulcea in timp
LI LI L1~ r II (g)
we were walking. ail I. d. () kll1 ~ ] ce ne plimbam.

We were listening to the > Illi. L1 aJ lisnm(g) tu D/a Noi ascultam radioul in
radio, while our father was rciulOu llail aUJ
I fa: r/:l
l timp ce tatal nostru citea
reading a newspaper. L1 0z ri:dll1(g) :1 ziarul.
r
niu:zpclpa ]

- 28-
Nu uitati ca, in casul folosirii sufixului -ing, precum $i a verbelor care nu au forma continua,
sunt valabile regulile invatate la timpul Present Continuous,
Timpul Past Continuous se folose$te $i atunci eand vrem sa exprimam ea in timpul de,~fasurarii
unei ac/iuni a inceput 0 alta ac/iune. Aceasta ac/iune din lfrma se exprima prin timpul Simple
Past.

I was having dinner when >[,\1 lim hE\ in(g) dina' - Cinam dnd a venit John.
John came. lI cn <lInn kClmJ

Alte exemple pentru utilizarea timpului Past Continuous:

/ II 1I (" I
The wind was blowing all > I]) i\ 111<.1 oz blollll1 " Vantul a suflat ieri toata
day yesterday. u:l (kl Ibt:l' dCI] ZlUa.

His son was working at six >1111/ ~,111 11(l/ lIi\,l

k' !lig) 1-'1 In urma cu doua zile fiul
two days ago. ~Ik~ tll: dcu [1t!f)1I] sau lucra la ~ase.
/ lI_ r II ,,(12,) r
They were waiting for me > II) CI a, l'ltll1 ~ I'll: M-au a~teptat de la unu la
from one to three, 1111: from [\lln III T'n: I trei.

rar acum sa exersam timpul trecutul cantinuu. Traduceti in limba engleza propozitiile
urmatoare:

leri la ora cinci am scris 0 scrisoare. > ·\1 fl\l' \,',kllL" I 1\'\', \1 lltlng d k'ttL'r

Soarele a stralucit ieri toata ziua. > fhl ~lln \\d~ ~!J,nln~' .Iii d,l) )CSICltIJ),

in timp ce am Iaceam curat copiii mei > \\'!lIk I I\,I~ I i,,1:11:1:~ 11\ chlldrcn \ICIT

stateau in griidina.
In timp ce conduceam ma~ina, am vazut-o > \\ il'!l- I ".Is ,1",\ Ill)! i1;,.. ,dr I S\I\\ 111\
pe sora mea pe strada. ~"te:! 1:1 111,_' "llc·:t

Ploua dnd m-am trezit. > \\ l1c:n I L',I! Iii' It \\d~ 1-II'Jlng,

Am cautat aceasta carte de la cinci la ~ase. > I \\:h Il'(,klnL Illi \!'I' !w'lk In'l11 11\ l' {(1

'~i '>

lnterogativul la timpu! Past Continuous se formeaza prin inversarea ordinii subieetului $i a

verbului auxiliar. in cazul intrebarilor complexe. inaintea verbului auxiliar se pune un pronume
interogativ:

Were you walking in the park at three - Te plimbai in parc ieri la trei?
yesterday?
Was he drinking beer when you saw him? £1 ea bere dnd l-ai vazut?
Where was he going when I came? Unde mergea cand am venit eu?

Riispunsurile afirmative se formeaza eu ajl/toru! cuvantu!ui yes, a pronumelui personal $i a

verbului auxiliar. La formu!area nega/iei folosim cuvantul no, pronumele personal, verbul
auxiliar was/were $i cuvantu! de nega(ie not (jorma prescurtata: wasn't, weren't).

Was he driving home at six yesterday? Yes, he was. No, he was not.
No, he wasn't.
Were they doing it all day yesterday? Yes, they were. No, they were not.
No, they weren't.

- 29-
Structura negativa se folose$te 'Ii in propozi{ii intregi'

They weren't cleaning the
house at seven last Monday.
She wasn't writing when I
came into the room.
> [D/el Ua.f nt kJi nln(g) Ei nu curalau easa lunea
D/a hallS Et se\ n la.st treeuta la ~apte.
mandel]
U (l.!) U
> [~I: oznt rallm ~ en al Ea nu scria cand am venit
kelm intll D"a rll.m] in camera.

Acum tradueeti urmiHoarele propozilii in limba engleza:

Trenul a plecat la clnci de pc peronul trei. > At five the tialll \\as Iem IIlg hom pldt-
form three.

Toata ziua am cautati eri cheile. > I \\ as lookmg for the keys all day
yesterday.

Ce Iaceai leri la aceasta ora? > Whdt \\ere yOU dOlllg thiS time
yesteludy"!

Cand am fost la Bucurqti, a nins tot timpul. > \\ hell I was ill Bucharest It \\ dS snowing
all the tnne

Mama mea gatea clna cand am intrat in > My mother lIas cookmg the dinnel \Ihen
casa. I el1tered the house.

Unde te-ai dus ieri la noua? > Vv here \\ ere you gOlllg at I1me yesterday?

Noi curatam camera in timp ce tata lucra in > We \1 el e c1eanll1g the room 1\ h lie father
griidina. \\,lS \\orklllg 111 the garden

Ma doare spatele.

Imi vei cumpara acest ceas? > Will you buy me thiS watch'?

Vreau sa am 0 ma~ina electnca. > I \Iant til h,1\C ,111 clectnc car

Nu mi-e foame, insa ml-e foarte sete > I'm 110t hUllgl) but \Ci\ t!lust\

Cand sunt oboslt merg intotdeauna la 0 > Whell 1 am tlfed I ah\ a) s go fiJr a short
plimbare scurta. \\ alk.

Ieri dimineata lucrau doar zece oameni. > Yesterday llJl1ll1l1lg only ten people wcrc
worklllg.

Petre este singurul barbat din familia > Peter IS the ollly man III OUI lamliy
noastn1.

len seara inca mal construiau casa. > Yesterday e\elllllg the) I\Cle stlil
buildlllg the house

Cum te simti azi? > floll :ue yOll feeling today'?

Cand a fost acest aCCident? > What time \I,h thiS aCCident"

La opt vom asculta ~tirile. > We \\ III listen to the ne\\'" at cight

Ajuta-ma sa gasesc cheile. > Help me to find the keys.

- 30 -
Vom merge la magazin ~i yom cumpara > We will go to the shop and buy
legume. vegelables.
Mi-a spus povestea vietii lui. > Hc told me the story of his life.

Pe care peron este trenul nostru? > At which platform is Ullr train')

Toata ziua nc-am plimbat ieri in padure. > Wc were walking in the wood all day
yesterday.

Am vfmdut deja 0 suta de pahare. > We have already suld a hundred glasses.

Nimeni nu vrea sa vorbeascii cu tine. > Nobody wants to lalk with ynu.

Am spus deja totuI. > I have already said everything.

hi plac ma~inile americane? > Do you like .'\Il1Crlcan cal's')

Nu am nimic. > I have nUlhint'.

Ce Iaceai cand te-am viizut in geam? > What were you duing when I sa\\ vou in
the window')

lata exercitiul pentru exersarea pronuntiei in limba engleza! Repeta!i cuvintcle:

I
U1: ] [i:] [ou} [~Ii 1

hurt clean toaster find

bird been go smile
work green know kind
church seen own I

- 31 -
LECTIA
, 14. - PARTEA A DODA

Cititi cu atentie dialogul unniHor. Repetati acest exercitlU pfma va convingeti de faptul ca
v-ati insu~it pe deplin pronuntia ~i intonatia. Cuvintele ~i si labele accentuate sunt tiparite cu
Iitere ingro~ate.

Peter: I saw an accident yesterday.

Mary: Was it in Station Street?
Peter: Yes, it was. I was buying vegetables when I saw it.
Mary: How many people were hurt?
Peter: Ten people hurt their arms and legs. The doctors took these people to the
hospital.

Barbara: I heard sad news yesterday.

Tom: What was it about?
Barbara: It was about a man who left his wife and children and went to America.
Tom: What did he do in America?
Barbara: There he began to build a house but he didn't have money.
Tom: And what was the sad news?
Barbara: He hurt his fingers when he used a hammer.

John: I bought an old car last week.

Mary: Why did you buy an old car?
John: Because I didn't have much money, and I have never had a car of my own.

Barbara: Do you have eggs for breakfast?

Peter: I usually don't have eggs for breakfast.
Barbara: What do you want for breakfast then?
Peter: I want toasts and butter.
Barbara: Do you like salt on your toast?
Peter: No, thank you. Salt makes me thirsty and it is not good for me.
Barbara: Your toast will be ready in a minute. I use my electric toaster.
Peter: Put the napkins near the plates.
Barbara: Yes, I do it that way. But don't eat III a hurry. It's not good.

Mary: John, what have you done all day today?

John: I have been at work today and now I am thirsty.
Mary: Why? Haven't you drunk all day today?
John: Yes, I have, but I am always thirsty after a long day of work.
Mary: What do you want to drink.
John: I want to have a glass of beer.
Mary: Do you want your beer in a tall glass?
John: Yes, please. I like tall glasses.
Mary: And then do you want to listen to the radio?
John: No. This evening I want to go to the cinema together with you.

- 32-
Jar acum sa exersam materialul invatat in cele doua lectii. Traduceti propozitiile in limba
engleza:

Trebuie sa cumparam farfurii ~i farfurioare > We Illust buv new plates and sauccrs.
noi.

Vei manca oua ~i paine prajita la micul > Will you cal eggs and tO~IS\S fiJr
dejun? break 1~lst')

Ai curatat deja gratarul pentru prajit paine? > Ila\'c: vou ckanecl the toaster yet"

Tatal tau are mai multi bani decat al meu. > Your 1:lther has more money than mine,

Camea prajita este adesea unsuroasa. > Fried meat is oneil faL

Nu face asta in graba. > DOll't do it in a hurry,

Ei nu ne vor ajuta. > They WOll't help we.

Vei vorbi surorii tale despre acest om? > Will you tell your sister about this mall"

Parintii mei tocmai pleaca la Londra. > My parents have just left for London,

Maine nu voi traduce multe scrisori. > I won'! translate many Idters tomorrow,

Poti sa-mi tomi 0 cea~ca de cafea? > Can you pour mc a cup of eofte"

Miercurea trecuta au agatat toata ziua > Last WedJ1l'sday the'y were hanging
tablouri in dormitor. pictures in the bedroom all day,

Vrei sa spui ca nu ai citit aceasta carte? > Do you want to S~IY VOLI hal Cl1,t read
this hook')

Unde pot gasi acest gratar pentru prajit > \Vhcrc call I find this toaster')
paine?

Unicul lor copil tocmai a plecat in Anglia. > Their only child has just Idt for England,

Aceasta paine prajita este a ta? > Is this toast yours')

Ma grabesc deoarece la cinci trebuie sa fiu > I alll in a hurry bccluse 1 must be at
acasa. hl)l11l' at !I\ e,

Yom face totdeauna mobila buna. > Wl' \\ ill ~JiI\il\S make good furniture,

Cand cautam ciocanul am gasit aceasta > When I was look ing for the hammer I
scrisoare veche. found this old letter.

Nu-mi vorbi despre acest om. > Don't tell me about this man.

Unde vei duce copiii anul viitor? > Where will you tilke the c:hildren Ilex\
year"

Ieri la noua au plecat in Anglia. > Yesterd~IY at 11 i 111' th,'\ II ell' leal ill,!! f()r
EIl,!!land,

Spune ca nu e~ti obosit.

Nimeni nu mi-a spus despre asta.

- 33 -
14. RECAPITULARE
14.1. "My own/of my own"

Cuvfmtu1 "own" !, 'lIll; poate figura in doua expresii. Sta inainte sau dupa un
substantiv, impreuna cu pronumele posesiv. Dacii sta dupa substantiv, atunci se
leaga de acesta cu prepozitia "of'. De exemp1u:
I use my own tools. Fo1osesc propriile instrumente.
He has his own room. El are camera proprie.
I have a garden of my own. Am 0 griidina proprie. (Am gradiuamea.)
She has a house of her own. Ea are 0 casa proprie.

Ce1e doua expresii se pot inlocui reciproc.

14.2. Alaturi de pronume1e "nobody" ~i "nothing" nu se folose~te alta negatie. In limba

engleza nu exista negatie dubla.
1 saw nobody in the street. Nu am vazut pe nimeni in starda.
So far he has done nothing. Pana acum e1 nu a Iacut nimic.

14.3. Pronumele "everybody" ("fiecare, toti, toata lumea") se afla intotdeauna la persoana
a III-a singular.
Everybody wants some tea. - Toata lumea vrea putin ceai.

14.4. Timpu1 trecut continuu - The Past Continuous Tense

14.4.1. Utilizarea timpu1ui:

Acest timp se folose~te pentru descrierea actiunilor care s-au desIa~urat intr-un
anumit moment sau intr-o anumita perioada din trecut.

14.4.2. Structura propozitiei:

Pronume + verb auxiliar + verb principal + ...
personal + -ing
I was walking yesterday at five.
They were cleaning theIr rooms all day
yesterday.

14.4.3. Conjunetia "while" [lI aI! J- "pe cand, in timp ce" se folose~te des cu timpu1
Past Continuous ~i exprima faptul ca doua actiuni se desIa~oara in acela~i timp:
We were listening to the radio Noi ascultam radioul in timp ce tatal
while our father was reading a nostru citea ziarul.
newspaper.

14.4.4. De asemenea timpul Past Continuous se folose~te ~i atunci dnd 0 actiune din
trecut a fost intrerupta de 0 alta actiune. (Aceasta ultima actiune este 1a timpu1
Simple Past).
I was having dinner when John - Cinam dnd a venit John.
came.

- 34-
14.4.5. Propozitii interogative ~i raspunsurile la acestea.

1. Propozitiile interogative la timpul Past Continuous se fonneaza prin inversarea

ordinii subiectului ~i a verbului auxiliar. In cazul 'intrebarilor eomplexe 'inaintea
verbului auxiliar se gase~te un pronume interogativ.
Were you walking in the park at Te plimbati in pare ieri la trei?
three yesterday?
Where was he going when I came? - Unde mergea dnd am venit eu?

2. Raspunsurile afinnative se fonneaza cu ajutorul cuvantului "yes", al pronumelui

personal ~i a verbului auxiliar "was/were". La formularea raspunsului negativ
folosim cuvantul de negatie "no", pronumele personal, verbul auxiliar
"was/were" ~i cuvantul "not". ("was/were not" se poate prescurta astfel "wasn't"
~i "weren't".)

Was he driving home at six yesterday?

- Yes, he was. - No, he wasn't.

Were they doing it all day yesterday?

- Yes they were. - No, they weren't.

3. Structura negativa 0 putem folosi ~i in propozitii complete:

They weren't cleaning the house Ei nu au curatat casa lunea trecuta la
at seven last Monday. ~apte.

- 35-
14. TEMA PENTRU ACASA
A Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba romana:

My train is at platform seven.

2. It will be a house of my own.

3. I will tell nobody about this accident.

4. While they were buying vegetables Peter was looking for the keys.

5. Will you help me to clean the house?

6. He has just found his old purse.

B. Traduceti propozitiile in limba engleza:

1. Cand taiam paine mi-am taiat ~i degetul.

2. Nu voi merge la Bucure~ti.

3. Pentru el nimic nu este greu.

4. Aici totul este al tau.

5. In timp ce 0 ajutam sa traduca aceasta scrisoare copiii mei se plimbau in gradina.

6. Vreau sa am un apartament al meu.

C. Corectati gre~elile din propozitiile de mai jos:

I. She willn't visit her old mother today.

2. I didn't see nobody in the square.

3. They want to have a big house of my own.

4. I looked for my book all day yesterday.

5. Have you already selled that new watch?

6. I will give you every thing.

- 36-
LISTA VERBELOR NEREGULATE DIN LECTIILE 13. SI 14.
forma I-a forma a II-a forma a -III-a
begin > [bigin] began > [bigEn] begun > fbigan]
build >[bild] built > [bilt] built > [bilt]

catch > [kEt';;] caught > [ko:t] caught > [ko:tJ

fall > [to:11 fell > [fell fallen > [fo:lnj
feel > [11:1] felt > Ifelt] felt > [felt]

find > [faindJ found > [faund] found > [t:lUnd I

l (,,) In)
hang > [hEn !!)] hung > [han =,] hung > [han ~ ]

hurt > [ha:"] hurt > [ha:'t] hurt > [ha:'t]

leave > [Ii:v] left > [lcrt] left > [lcrt]

sell > [sci] sold > [sollld] sold > [s(\LildJ

tell > [tel] told > [touJd] told > [tould]

- 37 -
VOCABULARUL LECTIILOR 13. Sf 14.
accident > [Ebidiint] accldcnt
American > [amCl lkim] amencan
t
arm > [a. 111] brat
ashtray > [E~tleIJ scrumiera
back > [bH] spate, spmare
to begin > [tu hlginl d incepe, a sc apuca de
belly > ! bc I! I burta, stomac
to boil > [tu boil] a fierbe, a clocotl
to build > [tu bJld] a cladl, a construi
to catch > itu Hh] a prinde, a apuca
chest > It?e~t] plept
clean > [k II :n] curat ingrIJ it
to clean > [tu kll n] a curata
delicious > [ d!li~{b] delIcios, say uros
egg .> [eg: I au
egg-cup > leg: kap] pahar pentru oua
elba\'.. > [c1 bou I cot
electric > ! llektllk! electne
empty > iem})t!i gal, neoeupat, hbel
everybody > I c'vllbdllI; fiecare, toti. toata 1umea
s (»
everything > [C\ rlT III "" ] tot toate(Jucrurile)
to fall > Itu 1'0'1] a C{idea, a ~e prabu~l

fat > I1'r t] gras, unsuros

to feel > [tu fl:l] a sllnti
to find > [tu fallld] a gasi
finger > [fing/j deoet
b

fork '> [fa \1 furclilita

fried > [frald] prajjt, fhpt
glass > [gla's] stlela, pahar
hammer > [hEmarJ cioean
to hang > [IU h F n(g)J a atama, a 19a1a
to help > [tu help j a ~l)lItd

his > [ill/ j al IUI;s{lU: ~ 1111 sa; aI

IUI;~:"ll: ale lUI sale

hers '> Ihill/ I al ei/~iill: a elisa: dJ el'sal:
ale eiisdle
hungry > [hangn I flamfl11d. infometat
in a hurry > lin il han I in grabiL la repezeala

- 38 -
to be 111 a hurry > Itu bl: 111 a hanl a se grabl, a-I da zor
~ r
to hurt > I tll !la. t] a rani, a lovi, a jigni

its > [its] lui, sal.::, ei (pentru

obieete, notiuni abstracte,
animalc)
key > [kl: J cheie

knee > [ni: I genunchi

to leave > 111I 11 \ I a parasi, a pleca, a pleca

la ..
l
to leave for > rt 1I I] \ l·u. ] a lasa (ceva pentru). a se
mula de 13 ., .Ia. a
schimba ... eu
meat > [ml Ii carne
mIne > IIlUIll J al meu, a mea, al mei, ale
mele
nail > [ne"] unghie
napkin > [nEpkin] ~ervcteL ~ervet

new > [niu:] nOli

news > [niu:zl ~tire, noutate, veste sau
~tiri, noutati, vqti
nobody > [1l11llh,di I nilTIe11l
' (u)
nothing > [naT In " I I1lITIIC

old > [ould] in viirsta, v~chi( e), batriin

only > [OUIl!] ] numai, doar
the only > [P/IOlll1lt] singuruL unieul
ours > : '1lI,~\ I L] al nostru, a noastra, ai
no~tri, ale noastre
own > [tHIIl] propriu. personal
to pass > Ilu p,LS I a pasa. a da
plate > [plcit] farfurie
r
platform > I plElro: III I peron, rampa
I
to pour > [tu pll. I a tuma, a varsa
salt > 1st): 11 j sarc (de bU;::iHarie)
salt-cellar > [~O It ~elj'! solnila
saucer > I ~O ~~\I j farfurioara, suport pcntru
pahar
to sell > [tll scI] a \ inde. a desface
shall > hl:l] verb auxJlwr pentru
fonnarea viitorului la
p~'rsoana 1-,] singular :~i
plural
I
shoulders > hOllld:! I I umcri
spoon > I,pu n I lingura

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story > I~to rI] povestire, relatare
sweet > I ~ 1I, II dulce
1I
to switch on > [tu " Ib on] a aprinde (lumina), a pune
in (functione un aparat
electric)
1I
to switch off > IlU s It~ on a stinge (lumina), a scoate
din (functione un aparat
electric)
to taste > Itu tClstl a gusta
to tell > [tu tcl] a spune
theirs > [D/dz] alia/ai/ale lor
thirsty > [Tsa \tl] insetat
tired
toast
toaster
> [taliI1d]
> [toust]
> [tollsta r]
obosit, ostenit
paine prajita
gratar pentru prajit piiinea
• ~

toe > [tOll] deget de la picior

to translate > [t II trr nslelt 1 a traduce
to use > [t II III /1 a folosi, a utiliza, a
intrebuinta
vegetables > [\ Cdjlt{lb,/] legume
III
while > I <III i pe ciind, in timp ce
wood > [dud! padure, codru, lemn
will > [l'il1 verb auxiliar pentru
forrnarea viitorului
wrist > IrIst] incheietura mainii
1I
wrist-watch > [rIst ot~1 ceas de mii::la
...,
yours > [10'
1
z] al tau, a ta, ai tai, ale tale,
alia/ai/ale dumitale sau
dumneavoastra, al vostru,
a voastra, ai vo~tri, ale
•
voastre

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