RECAPITULARE

1. Comparatia adjectivelor:

good better the best

big bigger the biggest

large larger the largest

easy easier the easiest

2. Pluralul substantivelor:

books halves women

glasses tomatoes sheep

babies children mice

3. Utilizarea verbului auxiliar "to do" in propozitii interogative ~i negative:

Do you often visit them?

Did they know?

We don't live there.

They don't want to go.

4. Diateza pasiva - the Passive Voice

- structura: - verbul "to be" la timpul corespunzator + forma a III-a a verbului de conjugat

The thief was caught (by the police). - Hotul a fost prins (de politi~ti).

5. Fraza conditionala tipul I

- structura:
Propozitia principala if - Propozitia subordonata
(verbulla Simple Future Tense) (verbulla Simple Present Tense)

He will visit his friends if he has time. - I~i va vizita prietenii daca va avea timp.

6. Scrierea ~i citirea datelor

on the 2pt of October > [on D/a t"enti fa'st ov oktaubarJ -pe data de 21 octombrie
LECTIA 21 " "
PARTEA INTAI
,

Ca de obicei, incepem ~i aceasta lectie cu cateva cuvinte noi.

Cititi-le cu voce tare ~i retineti sensullor in limba romana:

situation > [sitiuei~an ] - situatie, stare

scene > [si:n] - scena, decor

film > [film] - film

difference > [difrans] - diferenta, deosebire

disease > [dizi:z] - boala, maladie

gesture > [ djest~ar] - gest

person > [pa:rsn] - individ, persoana

invention > [inven~n] - inventie, descoperire

play > [plei] - joe, piesa

task > [ta:sk] - sarcina, indatorire

struggle > [stragl] - lupta, intrecere

spy > [spai] - splOn

Repetati din nou cuvintele, dar intr-o alta ordine:

invention > [inven~n] - inventie, descoperire

film > [film] - film

spy > [spai] - splOn

situation > [sitiuei~an ] - situatie, stare

disease > [dizi:z] - boala, maladie

struggle > [stragl] - lupta, intrecere

gesture > [ djest~ar] - gest

scene > [si:n] - scena, decor

person > [pa:rsn] - individ, persoana

task > [ta:sk] - sarcina, indatorire

difference > [difrans] - diferenta, deosebire

play > [plei] - joe, piesa

2
Sa folosim cuvintele noi in propozitii:

We are in a difficult situation. > ["1. a-' In a difikalt sltlUei~n] - Suntem intr-o situatie dificila.

It was a beautiful scene. > [It "oz a blU.tlral si:n] - Era un decor minunat.

Have you seen that film? - Ai vazut filmul acela?

This is a dangerous disease. > [It IZ a demdjaras dJZi:z] - Este 0 boala periculoasa.

Do you see the difference? > [du IU: SI: D'a difrans] - Ve~i deosebirea?

It is a nice gesture. > [D'is iz a nais dJest~ar] - Este un gest dragut.

Who are these persons? > [hu: a: r D/I:z pa:rsnz] - Cine sunt aceste persoane?

Is television a useful > (IZ tellVljn a lU:sfal - Este televizorul

invention? Inven~n] o inventie utila?

Who has written this play? > [1m: hEz ritn DZis plel] - Cine a scris aceasta piesa?

It is a hard task. > [It IZ a ha:rd ta.sk] - Este 0 sarcina grea.

Was it a long struggle? > [U oz it a lon,gl stragl] - A fost 0 lupta lunga?

There are spies in this > [DZear a r spaiz in DZis - Sunt spioni in aceasta
country. kantn] tara.

Completati urmatoarele propozitii cu cuvintele noi:

Diferentele nu sunt importante. - The >dlfkrences are not important.

Aceasta piesa este foarte scurta. - This >play is very short.

El cunoa~te situatia lor? - Does he know their > sItuation?

Sarcina voastra este sa scrieti un eseu. - Your >task is to write an essay.

Aceasta este ultima scena a filmului. - This is the last >scene of the > fi 1m.

Nu cunosc boala aceea. - I don't know that >disease.

Nu sunt ve~ti despre intrecere. - There is no news of the > struggle.

Nu cunosc nici una din aceste persoane. - I don't know any of these >persons.

A fost un gest ciudat. - It was a strange> gesture.

El a fost spion? - Was he a >spy?

Aceasta inventie este foarte utila. - This> invention is very useful.

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Traduceti cuvintele in limba engleza:

lupta, intrecere > struggle

persoana > person

scena > scene

splOn > spy

inventie > mvention

gest > gesture

film > film

piesa > play

sarcina > task

deosebire > difference

situatie > situation

boala > disease

Dacii la forma de infinitiv scurt (fiirii particula to a verbului) qdiiugiim terminafia -ing, obfinem
participiul prezent, pe care-l putem folosi in propozifii ca adverb.

De exemplu:

This job is exhausting. > [DZls dJob IZ Igzo:stm(gl] - Aceasta munca este epuizantii.

The difference is striking. > [DZa difrans iz stralkin(g)] - Deosebirea este frapantii.

The work is tiring.

His gesture was inviting.

This disease is catching.

> [DZa "a .rk iz tamrm(g)]

> [DZls dlzi:z IZ kEt~in(g)]

- Munca este obositoare.

- Gestullui a fost ispititor.

- Aceasta boala este molipsitoare.

.,
-

The news is surprising. > [DZa nlU:Z iz sapralzin(g)] - Ve~tile sunt surprinziitoare.

Sa invatam verbele noi de la care am format participiul prezent:

to invite > [tu mvalt] - a invita

to surprise > [tu sapralz] - a surprinde, a uimi, a lua prin

surprindere

to tire > [tu tad] - a obosi

to strike > [tll str<\lk] - a lovi, a izbi, a frapa, a ~oca

to exhaust > [tu Igzo.st] - a epuiza, a istovi

Dintre aceste verbe, to strike este neregulat. Invatati cele trei forme ale sale:

strike> [stral kJ struck> [stlak] struck> [strak]

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lata cum se folosesc verbele noi in propozitii:

Long work always > llon'c) "a :'k o:l""iz - Munca indelungata rna obose~te
tires me. 131'l'.c ill t: ] intotdeauna.

I like to surprise you. > [al 1,lIk tu S,lpral7 iu:] - Imi place sa te iau prin
surprindere.

We have already invited > ["I: hh O:!TCdl invaitid - L-am invitat deja pe Peter.
Peter. pi:ta'i

They will exhaust their > ll)l<:I"illg/O.,t D'<:{' - I~i vor epuiza in curiind
savmgs soon. selvm(~)7 slI:nJ economiile.

The clock is just striking > [IYa klok 17 djast stralklll'C) - Ceasul tocmai bate ora
seven. sevnJ ~apte.

In exercitiul urmator completati spatiile din propozitii cu forma corespunzatoare a verbului sau cu
participiul prezent:

Pe cine vrei sa inviti? - Who do you want to >invlte?

Aceasta boala molipsitoare este periculoasa. - This >catching dIseaSe is dangerous.

M-ai surprins foarte tare. - You have >surpnscd me very much.

A fost 0 zi foarte obositoare. - It was a very >tinng day.

Te obose~te aceasta carte? - Does this book >tlrc you?

Intrebarea lui a fost surprinzatoare. - His question was >surprising.

Ultimul sau film m-a frapat. - His newest film >struck me.

Propunerea ta e tentanta. - Your proposition sounds >invlting.

Ne-am cheltuit deja toti banii. - We have already >cxhausted all our money.

Este frapanta aceasta diferenta? - Is this difference >striklllg?

Aceasta lunga plimbare a fost epuizanta. - This long walk was >exhausting.

Va amintifi desigur de propozifia condifionala de tipul I despre care am discutat in lecfia anterioani.
Conjuncfia if poate fi fnlocuita cu alte conjuncfii:

when > [lien] - ciind

as soon as >[Ez sll'n l:>j - indata ce

after > l a.fla'J - dupa, dupa aceea, dupa ce,

ulterior

before >[blfo:'J - inainte, dinaintea

Propozifia care incepe cu oricare dintre conjuncfiile de mai sus, se nume~te propozitie
circumstantiala de timp. Nu este nici 0 diferenfa intre structura propozifiei condifionale de tipul I ~i
propozifia circumstanfiala de timp. Verbul din propozifia subordonata introdusa de aceste conjuncfii
este la timpul prezent simplu (Simple Present).

5
De exemplu:

He will buy the car as soon as > llll. "II bal DZa ka. r Ez su:n - El va cumpara ma~ina de
as he gets the money. Ez hI. gets IYa malll] indata ce prime~te banii.

I will have dinner before > [al ull hEy dina' blfo:' - Voi cina inainte sa merg la el.
I go to him. a' gau tu hIm]

When you are in the same > [U en 1U. a.'D"a selm

111 - Cand te vei afla
situation you will sitlUel~n 1U. uII in aceea~i situatie
understand me. anda rstEnd mI:] rna vei intelege.

After I finish this book > [a:fta r al filll~ DZIS buk - Dupa ce termin cartea aceasta
I will go for a walk. a' uII gau fd a U o k] o sa fac 0 plimbare.

Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

Cind incepe sa ploua yom duce cainele > When it starts to ram we WIll take the dog
acasa. home.

De indata ce cite~ti aceasta carte imi vei > As soon as you read thIS book you wIll
spune ceva despre asta. tell me something about It.

Inainte de-a pleca yom inchide radioul. > Before we leave we wIll turn off the radio.

Voi face curatenie in casa dupa ee lucrez > I WIll clean the house after I work
in gradina. in the garden.

Sa lnvatam eateva adjective noi. Unele dintre ele se formeaza din verbe. Cititi-le eu voce tare ~i fiti
atenti la pronuntle:

alarming > [ala. rmm(g)] - alarmant, ingrijorator

exciting > [Iksaltm(g)] - interesant, captivant

moving > [mu:vin(gJ] - emotionant

foreign > [form] - strain

useless > [LU:shs] - inutil, nefolositor

remarkable > [nma.rkabl] - remarcabil, deosebit

lata cuvintele noi in propozitii. Cititi propozitiile cu voce tare ~i fiti atenti la traducerea in limba
romana:

I have heard some > [al hEy ha:rd sam - Am auzit cateva
alarming news. ala.rmm(g) ntu:z] ve~ti alarmante.

We saw an exciting match. > [U I: so. an iksaitin(gJ mEt~] - Noi am vazut un meci captivant.

His speech was moving. > [hlz spi.t~ uoz mu:vm(IP] - Discursullui a fost emotionant.

6
She is a foreign spy. > [~i: iz a form spa!) - Ea este 0 spioana straina.

This is a useless tool. >[O'IS lZ a m:slis tu:l] - Acesta este un instrument inutil.

This is a remarkable story. >[IY\s iz a rima:'kabl sto:ri] - Aceasta este 0 poveste

remarcabila.

Completati propozitiile cu cuvintele noi:

Filmul a fost foarte captivant. - The film was very >excltmg.

Am avut un vis deosebit. - 1 had a >remarkable dream.

EI nu are bani straini. - He has no >forelgn money.

Aceasta scena este foarte emotionanta. - This scene is very >moving.

Aceasta carte imi este nefolositoare. - This book is >useless to me.

Prognoza meteo este alarmanta. - The weather forecast is >alarming

Traduceti urmatoarele cuvinte in limba engleza:

strain, din alta tara > foreIgn

inutil, nefolositor > useless

emotionant > movmg

alarmant, ingrijorator > alanmng

remarcabil, deosebit > remarkable

captivant > eX':ltlOg

in textele anterioare am inlocuit uneori substantivele cu pronumele nehotartit one. Utilizarea

pronumelui nehotartit este obligatorie alaturi de adjective, iar ltinga adjectivele sunt deseori un
articol hotartit:

I have two red chairs and a white one. - Am doua scaune ro~ii ~i unul alb.

They have two cars. He wants the big one. - Au doua ma~ini. EI 0 vrea pe cea mare.

Pronumele nehotartit one are ~i forma de plural:

Have you ever seen cheaper ones? - Ai vazut vreodata unele mai ieftine?

I like these black ones. - Imi plac acestea negre.

7
Completati propozitiile cu fonna corespunzatoare a pronumelui "one":

Am multe ceasuri dar nici unul modem. - I have many clocks, but no modem> ones.

El ~i-a pierdut ceasul ~i a platit 0 gramada - He lost his watch and paid a lot of
de bani pentru unul nou. money for a new> one.

Aveti de vanzare ~i unele straine? - Do you also sell foreign> ones?

Imi plac cainii, dar acesta nu este unul frumos. - I like dogs, but this isn't a nice> one.

Nu am multe reviste, Ie voi trimite - I haven't many magazines, I will send

pe acestea vechi. these old >ones.

~tiu ca ochelarii sunt scumpi. Cat ai platit - I know that glasses are expensive. How much
pentru ace~tia noi? have you paid for these new> ones?

Ultima ei scrisoare a fost scurta. - Her last letter was a short >one.

Aceasta ma~ina este ieftina. - This car is a cheap >one.

Dintre toate cartile acestea vreau sa Ie citesc - Of all these books I want to read only
doar pe cele captivante. the exciting >ones.

Acum sa invatam cateva verbe noi:

to disappoint > [tll dlsapoll1t] - a dezamagi, a deceptiona

to excite > [tll I ksa/l] - a provoca, a emotiona

to move >[tllmll\j - a se mi~ca, a se muta,

a (se) emotiona

to alann > [tll ala 'ml - a alanna, a speria

to choose > [tll t~ll:Z] - a alege, a selecta

to hide > [tll b.lid] - a ascunde, a acoperi

Doua dintre aceste verbe sunt neregulate. lata fonnele lor:

choose > [t 011·z] chose > [t~allz] chosen > [t 0311Zn]

hide > [Iwd] hid > [11I(1J hidden >[hidn]

Unnariti folosirea verbelor in propozitii ~i exersati pronuntia:

You have disappointed me. >llli. hE\ dls:tpointid ml:] - M-ai dezamagit.

The film excited them. > [ L)/ a (Ii 111 Ii.;sa/tld Diem] - Filmul i-a emotionat.

We have moved to Bucharest. > I "I il f'\ I11LJ vel III huh,nest] - Ne-am mutat la Bucure~ti.

8
The cars alarmed > [IYa ka:'z ala:'md - Ma~inile Ie-au speriat pe
the animals. DZi Enimalz] animale.

What book have you chosen? > ["at buk hEy iu: t~auzn] - Ce carte ai ales?

They chose the largest > [DZei t~auz DZii la:'djast - Au ales covorul
carpet. ka:'pit] cel mai mare.

Where have you hidden that? > ["ea' hEy iu: hidn DZEt] - Unde ai ascuns aceea?

Completati propozitiile cu forma corespunzatoare a verbelor nou invatate:

Oamenii nu s-au mi~cat. - The men didn't >move.

Ce te-a provocat? - What has >exclted you?

Ea ~i-a deceptionat parintii. - She >disappointed her parents.

Au ascuns totul? - Have they >hidden everything?

Am ales cea mai scumpa carte. - I >chose the most expensive book.

Asta ne-a alarmat intotdeauna. - It has always >alarmed us.

disappointed parents tiring work

Sa recapitulam prima parte a lectiei. Traduceti propozitiile in limba engleza:

Situatia noastra este foarte dificila. > Our situation is 'very difficult.

Ti-a placut piesa? > DId you like the play?

Tocmai am primit cateva ve~ti surprinzlitoare. > [ have Just got some surprising news.

Inainte sa vedem acest film, ne yom face datoria. > HerO! 10 we see tIllS film, we'll do our task.

9
A fost eel mai interesant meei pe care > It was the most excitmg match
I-am vazut vreodata. I have ever seen.

Cand vrei sa te muti? > When do you want to move?

Chiar erezi ea este inutil? > Do you really think It IS useless?

S-a intamplat eeva deosebit? > Has anything remarkable happened')

Cartea lui eea mai noua m-a ~oeat. > HIs newest book struck me.

Este vreo diferenta intre aeeste > Is there any difference between these
doua boli? two diseases?

surprising news exciting match

10
LECTIA
, 21 - PARTEA A nOVA
Sa invatam cateva cuvinte referitoare la ma~ini:

engme > [endjin] - motor

petrol > [petral] - benzina, carburant

litre > [li:tarJ - litru

oil > [oil] - ulei

battery > [bEtari] - baterie, acumulator

trouble > [trabl] - necaz, neplacere, griji,

deranj

lorry > [Iori] - camlOn

tyre > [taia r] - anvelopa, cauciuc

brake > [breikJ - fdina

mechanic > [mikEnik] - mecanic

indicator > [indikeita'] - indicator (de directie etc),

aparat de masural
de control

breakdown van > [breikdaun vEn] - ma~ina de depanare-auto

Repetati cuvintele intr-o aWi ordine:

trouble > [trabl] - necaz, neplacere, griji,

deranj

petrol > [petral] - benzina, carburant

engme > [endjin] - motor

breakdown van > [breikdaun vEn] - ma~ina de depanare-auto

litre > [li:ta l ] - litru

lorry > [Iori] - camlOn

battery > [bEtari] - baterie, acurnulator

brake > [hreik] - frana

mechanic > [mikEnik] - mecanic

indicator > [indikeita rJ - indicator (de directie etc),

aparat de masural
de control

tyre > [taia'] - anvelopa, cauciuc

oil > [oil J - ulei

11
lata cuvintele noi intr-un scurt dialog. Cititi-l cu atentie:

A: Yesterday I had some trouble with my lorry. It suddenly stopped and a breakdown van took it
to mechanic.

B: Did you have engine trouble or too little petrol?

A: No, I didn't. The battery and the indicators didn't work.

B: Did the mechanic help you?

A: Yes, he did everything very fast.

B: Did he also look at the brakes and the tyres?

A: Yes, they were all right. I bought two litres of oil and he changed it for me.

lar acum sa traducem fiecare propozitie:

Yesterday I had some > [festa'del al hEd sam - leri am avut probleme
trouble with my lorry. trabl uiD Zmal Ion] cu camionul meu.

It suddenly stopped and a > [it sadanli stopt End a ...:. S-a oprit brusc ~i 0 ma~ina
breakdown van took it brelkdaun vEn tuk It de depanare auto
to a mechanic. tu D'a ImkEmk] I-a dus la un mecanic.

Did you have engine trouble > [dId Ill: hEv endJIn trabl O:T - Ai avut probleme cu motorul
or too little petrol? lu: lit] petral] sau prea putina benzina?

No, I didn't. The battery and > [nau al didnt D'a bEtari End - Nu. Acumulatorul ~i

the indicators didn't work. D'I indlkeltaTz didnt ua:Tk] indicatoarele n-au functionat.

Did the mechanic help you? > [dId DZa mlkEmk help iu:] - Te-a ajutat mecanicul?

Yes, he did everything > [ies hi: dId evnT'in(t') - Da, a facut totul foarte repede.
very fast. veri fa:st]

Did he also look at > [did hI: o:lsau luk Et - S-a uitat ~i la frane ~i
the brakes and the tyres? DZa brelks End D'a talaTz] la cauciucuri?

Yes, they were all right. > [les Dlel U a:' 0:1 ralt] - Da, erau in regula.

I bought two litres of oil > [ai bo:t tu: li:taTz avail - Am cumparat doi litri de ulei ~i

and he changed it for me. End hI: t~emdjd it for mi:] el mi I-a schimbat.

12
Completati propozitiile urmatoare cu cuvintele noi:

Zece litri, va rog. - Ten >Iitres, please.

Mecanicul mi-a reparat franele (de la ma~ina). -The mechanic fixed my (car) >brakes.

Ai doua cauciucuri uzate. - You have two worn out >tyres.

Nu ~tiu care este problema. - I don't know what the >trouble is.

Cat costa acest motor? - How much is this >engine?

Ea conduce 0 ma~ina de depanare auto. - She drives a >breakdown van.

Ai nevoie de un alt fel de ulei. - You need another kind of >oiL

Unde putem parca aceste camioane? - Where can we park these >Iorries?

Benzina este scumpa in aceasta tara. - >Petrol is expensive in this country.

Acest acumulator nu functioneaza. - This >battery is out of order.

Este aici un mecanic care sa rna ajute? - Is there a >mechamc to help me?

Folose~te indicatoarele! - Use the >mdicators!

Traduceti cuvintele urmatoare in limba engleza:

motor > engine

indicator > indicator

necaz, neplacere > trouble

acumulator > battery

litru > litre

depanare auto > breakdown van

cauciuc, pneu > tyre

friina > brake

ulei > 011

carburant > petrol

camlon > lorry

mecanic > mechanic

Sa ne intoarcem la comparatia adjectivelor ~i adverbelor.

Ciind compariim substantive, superioritatea se exprimii prin forma de comparativ precedatii de

articolul hotiiriit the:

This is the cheaper of > [DZis iz DZa t~i:par av - Dintre cele doua ma~ini aceasta
the two cars. DZa ttl" ka 'z] este mai ieftini.

Is this the taller of > [IZDZis DZa to:la' '1\ - Dintre cele doua cladiri aceasta
the two buildings? DZa tu: bildlll(g)z] este mai inalti?

13
Cre~terea sau descre~terea progresiva se exprima prin utilizarea repetata a gradului comparativ al
adjectivului sau adverbului, legate prin conjunctia and:

The car moved faster > [DZakd:'mu:vdfasta' - Ma~ina mergea din

and faster. End fa:sta'] ce in ce mai repede.

Petrol is becoming more > [petIallz blkamin(g) rna:' - Benzina e din ce in ce

and more expensive. End mar Ikspenslv] mai scumpa.

They talked less and > [IYel to kt les End - Ei au vorbit din ce in ce
less quietly. les kUaiath] mai tare.

Traduceti propozitiile urmatoare in limba engleza:

Ei devin din ce in ce mai bogati. > They are becoming ncher and ncher.

Dintre cei doi baieti el este mai mare. > He is the older of the t\\ a boys.

Ei au vorbit din ce in ce mai tare. > They were talking loudhel and loudher.

Dintre cele doua intrebari aceasta este > Th,:; is the more difficult questIOn
mai dificila. of the two.

Acum iata cateva adjective noi. Cititi euvintele eu voce tare ~i retineti sernnificatia lor in limba
romana:

spare > [spear] - de rezerva, suplimentar, liber

left > [ldt] - stang, din stanga

rear > rna'] - spate, dos, din spate

economical > l J: kanOlTII kal] - economie(os); eeonom

reliable > [nla/abl] - dernn de incredere, sigur

front > [frant] - partea din fataJ(de) dinainte, fata

broken > [blaukn] - sfiiramat, spart, strieat

Sa folosim cuvintele noi intr-un dialog. Cititi-l cu atentie:

A: Can you see my new car?

B: No, which one is yours?
A: This one. It is the most reliable car in Europe.
B: Is it also economical?
A: Oh, yes. It doesn't use much petrol.
B: Did they give you a spare tyre?
A: Yes, they did. And they also gave me the front and rear lights.
B: But look, the left indicator is broken.
A: Oh, yes! I didn't see that.

14
Acum vom traduce fiecare propozitie In parte. Cititi-le cu atentie ~i exersati pronuntia:

Can you see my new car? > [kEn ILl: si: mai t1lU: ka:'] - Vezi ma~ina mea cea noua?

No, which one is yours? > l n:JLl Ult~ "an iz IO:'Z] - Nu, care este a ta?

This one. > [D'is "an] - Aceasta.

It is the most reliable car > [It IZ D/a maust nlaIabl ka: f - Este cea mai sigura m~ina
in Europe. in lUafap] din Europa.

Is it also economical? > [iz It o:lsau l:kanomlkill] - Este ~i economicoasa?

Dh, yes. It doesn't > l allieS it daznt - Dh, da. ~i nu consuma

use much petrol. flU mat~ petral] multa benzina.

Did they give you > l did D/ci giv Ill. - Ti-au dat cauciuc
a spare tyre? a spea' tala'] de rezerva?

Yes, they did. And they also > [Ies D/ei did End DZel o:lsau - Da. ~i mi-au dat
gave me the front and gelV ml: D'il frant End ~i farurile din fata
rear lights. ria r lalts] ~i din spate.

But look, the left indicator > [bat luk DZa left indlkelta r - Dar prive~te, indicatorul din
is broken. iz hriiukn J stanga este spart.

Dh, yes! I didn't see that. > [au It:S al didnt 51. D/Et] - A, da. Nu am observat asta.

Completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu cuvintele corespunzatoare:

Poti sa-mi dai cauciucul tau de rezerva? - Can you give me your > spare tyre?

Ma~inile devin din ce in ce mai sigure. - Cars are becoming more and more >reliable.

Toate farfuriile erau sparte. - All the plates were >broken.

E ceva in ochiul lui stang. - There is something in his >left eye.

Care este cea mai economicoasa ma~ina? - Which is the most >economical car?

Cauciucul din spate din dreapta e din ce in ce - The right >rear tyre is getting worse
mai prost. and worse.

Farurile din fata nu functioneaza. - The >tront lights are out of order.

Traduceti in limba engleza:

stang > left

(de) rezerva > spare

economicos > cl'onornJcal

sraramat > broken

15
din spate > rear

demn de incredere > relIable

partea din fata > front

Ati vazut deja cum se folose~te verbul "to do" ca verb auxiliar la formarea propozitiilor interogative
~i negative.

In unele situafii verbul auxiliar to do se folose:;te :;i in propozifii afirmative pentru a accentua 0

afirmafie sau verbul principal. In aceste situafii verbul auxiliar va fi accentuat:

Do come and visit me! - Vino ~i viziteaza-ma (insist)!
Do sit down! - Staijos (daca iti spun)!
I can tell you that he does work. - Pot sa-ti spun ca ellucreaza (intr-adevar).
Do listen to me! - Asculta-ma!

In limba romana aceasta accentuare a verbului principal se reda prin cuvintele: intr-adeviir, trebuie,
neapiirat etc. De exemplu:

Neaparat vino ~i viziteaza-ma!

Trebuie sa stai jos!
Pot sa-ti spun ca el intr-adevar lucreaza!

Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

la masa cu noi! > Do have dinner with us!

EI a citit aceasta carte. > He did read this book.

Ea a invatat mult. > She did learn a lot.

Ajuta-ma! > Do help me!

lata cateva verbe noi:

to fill up [tu fil ap] - a umple, a ocupa (un post liber),

a completa (un formular)
to check [tu tgek] - a controla, a verifica
to repair [tu npca r] - a repara, a indrepta
to brake [tu bretk] - a frana
to accelerate [tu aksclarett] - a accelera
to overtake [tu auvartctk] - a ajunge din urma, a depa~i

Formele verbului "to overtake":

overtake overtook overtaken

> [auvartctk] > [auvartuk] > [auvartclkn]

16
lata verbele noi In propozitii. Cititi cu voce tare:

Will you fill it up, please? > [lIIlIU: fit it ap pli:z] - Imi faceti plinul, va rog?

Have you checked the oil? > [hEv iu: t~ekt D'i oil] - Ati controlat uleiul?

They repaired the bus > [DZei ripca'd D'a bas - Au reparat autobuzul
in a hurry. III a hari] In graM.

Did you brake in time? > [did iu: breik in t3lm] - Ai franat la timp?

The car accelerated easily. > [D'a ka:' akselareitld i:Zlli] - Ma~ina a aceelerat eu u~urinta.

They overtook us near > [DZel auva'tuk as nia' - Ne-au depa~it aproape de
Bucharest. bukarestJ Bucure~ti.

Completati propozitiile In limba engleza cu forma corespunzatoare a verbelor recent Invatate:

Ma~ina lui este reparata Intotdeauna - His car is always >repalred

de acela~i mecanic. by the same mechanic.

Cine a Iacut plinul? - Who has >filled it up?

Ellncearca sa 0 depa~easca. - He is trying to >overtake her.

Indieatoarele au fost verificate de catre mine. - The indicators have been >checked by me.

Accelereaza frumos. - It >accelerates beautifully.

Ai franat vreodata pe un drum alunecos? - Have you ever >braked on a slippery road?

Traduceti In limba engleza urmatoare1e verbe:

a depa~i > to overtake

a verifica > to check

a acce1era > to accelerate

a repara > to repair

a ump1e > to fill up

a frana > to brake

Sa ne intoarcem din nou 1a folosirea verbului "to do":

Verbul to do se folose~te ~i in urmiitoarele cazuri:

L Pentru a evita repetarea verbului principal alpropozifiei, cu excep!ia verbelor to be, to have
~ia verbelor auxiliare modale.

She works as hard as > [~l: Ua:'ks Ez ha:'d Ez - Munce~te la fe1 de mu1t
you do. Ill: du:] ca ~i tine.

17
 He writes as beautifully > [h I. ralts Ez blU. tJ tali - Scrie la fel de frumos
as his father did. Ez hlz fa DZa f did} ca ~i tatallui.

Who knows this man? > [hu: nauz DZls mEn - Cine-l cunoa~te pe acest om?
I do. aI du:} Eu (il cunosc).

2. Cu ajutorullui. ne putem referi la verbul menfionat anterior:

I asked him to repair > [al a·skt him tu ripea f - L-am rugat sa repare ma~ina
the car and he did so. DZa ka: f End hi: did sau] ~i el a facut-o (a reparat-o).

We told them to leave > [Ui: tauld D'em tu li:v - Le-am spus sa pIece in lini~te
quietly and they did so. kUaiatli End DLei dId sau] ~i a~a au facut.

She told him to wait > [~l:tauld hun tu Uelt - Ea i-a spus sa a~tepte
but he didn't. bat he didnt} dar el nu a a~teptat.

Traduceti propozitiile in limba engleza:

Am cumparat la fel de putin ca ~i el. > 1 bought as little as he did.

El vorbe~te la fel de repede ca ~i tine. > He talks as fast as you do.

EI ne-a rugat sa spunem totul ~i a~a am facut. > He asked us to say everything and we did so.

L-am rugat sa vina devreme ~i a~a a facut. > I asked hun to come early and he did so.

Ultimul exercitiu allectiei sintetizeaza intregul material invatat. Traduceti propozitiile in limba engleza:

Aceasta inventie este interesanta. > ThiS inventIOn is exciting.

Aceasta sarcina este (una) dificila. > ThiS task IS a difficult one.

Filmul a fost foarte dezamagitor pentru mine. > The film was very disappomting for me.

Am vizitat multe tari straine, dar Danemarca > I VISited many foreIgn countries, but Denmark
a fost cea mai frumoasa. was the most beautiful one.

Slujba mea devine din ce in ce mai obositoare. > My Job IS gettmg more and more tiring.

EI a vazut multe tilme, dar i-au placut > lie sa~ lllany films but he only liked
numai cele engleze~ti. the English ones.

L-am rugat sa vina cu mine la teatru > I asked hun to go to the theatre With me
~i a venit. and he did so.

EI se mi~ca mai incet deciit tine. > He mo\ es more quietly than you do.

Aceasta situatie este (una) ingrijoratoare. > ThIS situatIOn IS an alarming one.

Lupta lui a fast (una) inutila. > H1S struggle ~as a useless one.

18
Motoarele devin din ce in ce mai > The engines are getting more and more
economicoase. economical.

Ea depa~e~te tot atat de multe ma~ini ca ~i tine. > She overtakes as many cars as you do.

Acest mecanic este (unul) de incredere. > This mechaJ1lc IS a J eltable one.

Care dintre cauciucurile din fata este mai vechi? > Which is the older of the front lyres?

L-am rugat sa a~tepte ma~ina de depanare auto > J asked him to walt for the breakdown van
~i a~a a mcut. and he (IJd so.

Ai schimbat cauciucurile din fata, dar care > You have changed the front tyres, but what
e situatia cu cele din spate? about the rear ones"

Urmeaza exercitiul de pronuntie. Literele ingro~ate din cuvintele de pe 0 coloana desemneaza sunete
identice:

[al] [en] [Cl] [a:]

hide where play alarm

spy repair brake remarkable

"-
tyre there day task

try pair say ask

19
RECAPITULAREA LECTIEI
, 21

21.1. Participiul

Daca la fonna de infinitiv scurt (Tara "to") a verbului adaugam tenninatia ,,-ing", obtinem
participiul, care poate functiona ca adjectiv:
This job is exhausting. - Aceasta munca este epuizanta.
The difference is striking. - Diferenta este frapanta.

21.2. Propozitia circumstantiala de timp are 0 structura identica cu cea a propozitiei conditionale de
tipul I.

Ea poate fi introdusa de unnatoarele conjunqii:

when - cand
as soon as - de indata ce
after - dupa, dupa aceea, dupa ce, ulterior
before - inainte, dinaintea, altadata
Verbul din propozitia introdusa de conjunqiile mentionate se afla la timpul prezent simplu
(Simple Present):
He will buy the car as soon as - El va cumpara ma~ina de indata
he gets the money. , ce obtine banii.
1 will have dinner before I go to him. - Voi cina inainte sa merg la el.

21.3. One

In cazul unor comparatii sau repetitii, substantiveIe pot fi inlocuite in propozitie de pronumele
nehotarat "one". Utilizarea lui este obligatorie alaturi de adjective ~i in multe cazuri adjectivul
este precedat de articolul hotarat:
I have two red chairs and a white one. - Am doua scaune ro~ii ~i unul alb.
They have two cars. He wants the - Ei au doua ma~mi. El 0 vrea pe cea
blue one. albastra.
Pronumele nehotarat one poate sa apara ~i la plural:
Have you ever seen cheaper ones? - Ai vazut vreodata unele mai ieftine?
I like these black ones. - Imi plac acestea negre.

21.4. Comparatia adjectivelor ~i adverbelor:

21.4.1. In cazul comparatiei referitoare la accea~i trasatura a doua substantive, superioritatea

se exprima prin gradul comparativ precedat de articolul hotarat "the":
This is the cheaper of the - Dintre cele doua ma~ini aceasta
two cars. este mai ieftina.

20
 21.4.2. Cre~terea sau descre~terea progresiva se exprima prin repetarea formei de
comparativ a adjectivului sau adverbului, cele doua forme fiind legate prin
conjunqia "and":
The car moved faster and - Ma~ina mergea din ce In ce
faster. mai repede.
Petrol is becoming more and - Benzina e din ce In ce
more expensive. mai scumpa.
They talked less and less quietly. - Eu au vorbit din ce In ce mai aprins.

21.5. Verbul auxiliar to do

21.5.1. Verbul auxiliar "to do" se folosqte In propozitii afirmative pentru a accentua, a
sublinia 0 afirmatie sau pentru accentuarea verbului principal al propozitiei. Verbul
auxiliar va fi accentuat In pronuntie:
Do come and visit me! - Vino ~i viziteaza-ma neaparat!

21.5.2. Verbul "to do" se folose~te pentru Inlocuirea verhului principal deja cunoscut, cu
exceptia verbelor "to be, to have" ~i a verbelor auxiliare modale:
She works as ~ard as you do. - Munce~te la fel de mult ca ~i tine.

21.5.3. Cu ajutorul verbului "to do" ne putem referi la verhul folosit anterior In propozitie:
I asked him to repair the car - L-am rugat sa repare ma~ina
and he did so. ~i el a Iacut-o.

Urmarind exemplul de mai sus putem ohserva ca folosirea verhului "to do" poate
aduce ~i informatii suplimentare.

21
TEMA PENTRU ACASA 21

A. Traduceti propozitiile urmatoare in limba romiina:

1. Which is the more exciting of these two films?

2. The fast ones are very expensive.

3. You will move as soon as your room is ready.

4. Do invite her for dinner!

5. We smoke as little as they do.

6. It is getting more and more cloudy.

B,.. Traduceti propozitiile urmatoare in limba engleza:

1. L-am rugat sa aleaga ~i el a Iacut-o.

2. Dati-mi, va rog, pe cea economicoasa.

3. El cii~tiga mai putin deciit ea.

4. Este sigura aceasta roata de rezerva?

5. Dupa ce termini de citit, vei repara biblioteca.

6. Ma viziteaza din ce in ce mai des.

C. Corectati gre~elile din fiecare propozitie: %

1. This is a useles task. .~~-

2%
2. I drink less than he do.
8%
3. The red one are sweeter.
4%
4. After she will finish school she will be a teacher. 1% . J

5. Is the engine accelerating good? 2%

22
 ,.. ,..
LECTIA
, 22 PARTEA INTAI

Sa lnvatam ciiteva cuvinte din domeniul bancar:

account > [akauntJ - cont, factura, nota

de plata

cheque > [t~ek] - cec

instalment > [insto:lmant] - rata, plata in rate

loan > [Htlm] - imprumut

rate of interest > [reit av intrist] - rata dobiinzii, dobiinda

coin > [koinj - moneda

form > [fo:rm] - formular

information > [infamei~n] - informatii

balance > [bEUms] - balanla, bilanl, echilibru,

sold

withdrawal > [UiDzdro:al] - retragere, ridicare de bani

deposit > [dipozit] - depozit, depunere

(la banca)

Repetati cuvintele noi ~i intr-o alta ordine:

withdrawal > [ lI iD zdro:al] - retragere, ridicare de bani

I~ -
coin > [koin] -moneda

2% 8 % 0'0 10,7% 2/5 loan > [laun] - imprumut

J% 9.7:A il ,0 9 % 2,~
J\.
4~ <A.
1~ • ~ 10
'~_1_,6_0/0
3,9 %
7,6_%
5,9%
2/4
2,1
account > [akaunt] - cont, factura, nota
de plata

deposit > l dipozit] - depozit, depunere

(la banca)

instalment > [insto:lmant] - rata, plata In rate

rate of interest > rreit av intrist] - rata dobiinzii, doMnda

information > [infamei~n] - informatii

cheque > [t~ek] - cec

form > [fo:rm] - formular

balance > lbElans] - balanla, bilant, echilibru,

sold

23
lata cuvintele noi in propozitii. Fiti atenti la pronuntie:

I have an account in a > [al hEy an akaunt In a - Am un cont la 0 banca

reliable bank. nlalabl bEnk] de incredere.

Do you want money > [du IU: Uont mani - Vreti bani sau un cec?
or a cheque? 0:' a t~ek]

You can pay in instalments. > [1U: kEn pel in Insto:lmants] - Poti plati in rate.

Can I get a loan here? > [kEn ai get a loun hla'] - Pot obtine aici un imprumut?

The rate of interest is high. > [DZa relt ov intnst iz hat] - Rata dobfmzii este ridicata.

Do you take coins? > [du 1U: telk kotnz] - Acceptati bani marunti (monede)?

You need these forms. > [iu: m:d DZI.Z fo:'mz] - Ai nevoie de aceste formulare.

ThiE. is useful information. > [DZIs iz lU:sfal mfamei~n] - Sunt informatii utile.

Is my balance high enough? > [IZ mal bElans hai ina£] - Este suficient de mare
soldul meu?

He made a withdrawal. > [hI: meld a uIDzdro:al] - EI a ridicat bani.

She makes weekly deposits. > [~I: melks ui:kh dipozits] - Ea face depuneri saptamanal.

Completati propozitiile cu cuvintele care lipsesc. Cititi textul cu voce tare:

Rata dobanzii cre~te. - The> rate of interest is rising.

Pentru ce este acest formular? - What is this> form for?

Azi voi ridica bani. - I will make a> withdrawal today.

24
De cat timp ai un cont? - How long have you had an >account?
I-am dat un cec. - I gave him a >cheque.
Aceasta este prima mea depunere. - This is my first >deposlt.
Unde este bilantul? - Where is the >balance?
Avem nevoie de mai multe informatii. - We need more >information.
Avem nevoie de acest imprumut. - We need this >loan.
Aceasta este ultima rata. - This is the last >instalment.
El vrea sa schimbe aceste monede. - He wants to change these >coins.

Traduceti cuvintele in limba engleza:

rata > instalment

moneda > coin

sold > balance
retragere > withdrawal
formular > form
depunere > deposit
rata dobanzii > rate of interest
cont > account
cec > cheque

informatie > information

imprumut > loan

in limba englezii existii mai multe substantive care nu au plural; ele sunt urmate de un verb la
persoana a IIl-a singular. in limba romiinii unele se traduc la singular, altele la plural.

Urmariti substantivele de mai jos ~i retineti intelesullor:

business > [bizllls] - afacere, treaba

furniture > [Ia:rnit~ar] - mobilier, mobila
progress > [praugres] -progres
strength > [stren(g)TS] - putere, forta, tarie
revenue > [revamu:] - venit, in special din impozit
merchandise > [ma:rt~andaiz] -marfa
property > [proparti] - proprietate, avere

lata ~i alte substantive:

information > [infamel~n] - informatii

money > [mam] -bani
news > [nlU.z] - ~tire, noutate, veste/~tiri,
noutati, ve~ti

25
lata aceste substantive in propozitii:

Business is good this year. > [biznIS IZ gud O'lS ila'] - Afacerile merg bine anul acesta.

The furniture was cheap. - Mobila a fost ieftina.

Little progress was made. > [liti praugres uoz meld] - S-a progresat putin.

Her strength was exhausted. > [ha:' stren(glp u oz Igzo:stic] - (Ea) era la capatul puterilor.

The revenue is high enough. > [DZa revanlU: 1Z hal maf] - Impozitul este destul de ridicat.

This merchandise is ready. > [DZIs ma.'t~andalz IZ redl] - Aceasta marta este gata.

They lost all their property. > [DZei lost 0 1 D/ei T propaTti] - ~i-au pierdut toata averea.

Completati urmatoarele propozitii cu cuvintele care lipsesc. Cititi propozitiile cu voce tare ~i fiti
atenti la pronuntie:

Aceasta mobila este noua? - Is this >furniture new?

Impozitul a crescut. - The >rcvenue has risen.

EI are avere mare? - Has he much >property?

Este destul de puternic pentru aceasta munca? - Has he enough >strength for this work?

Facem 0 multime de afaceri cu ei. - We do a lot of>busmess with them.

S-au tacut multe progrese? - Has there been much >progress?

Au cumparat marfa la pret redus. - They bought the >merchandlse at discount.

lata acum ciiteva verbe noi. Urmariti semnificatia lor in limba romiina:

to cash > [tu kE~] - a ridica 0 suma, a plati in numerar

to lend > [tLl lend] - a imprumuta, a da cu imprurnut

to borrow > [tu borauJ - a imprumuta, a lua cu imprumut

to fill in >[tu film] - a completa (un formular,

chestionar... )

to withdraw > [tll UiD! dlO ] - a retrage, a lua inapoi, a scoate,

a ridica bani

to deposit > [tll dlpOZIt] - a depune

to learn >[tula'n] - a Invata, a afla

to call (to) > [tu ko 1] - a chema, a striga, a denumi,

a boteza

26
 Unele dintre aceste verbe sunt neregulate. lata fonnele lor:

fonna I forma a II-a fonna a III-a

lend > [ lend] lent > [lent] lent > [ lent]

withdraw > [\liD'dro:] withdrew > [\liDzdru.] withdrawn > [\lIDzdro:n]

learn > [la:'n] learnt > [la.lnt] learnt > [la:'nt]

Sa folosim verbele invatate in propozitii:

She cashed the cheque. > [~i. kE~t DZa t~ek I - Ea a incasat cecul.

He has lent us the money. > [hI: hEz lent as IYa marJlj - El ne-a imprumutat banii.

~ We borrowed less last year. > [\II: boraud les la:st Ila'] - Noi am imprumutat mai putin
anul trecut.

Have you filled in the fonn? > [hEy w: fild in {)fa fa.'m] - Ai completat fonnularul?

What did you learn yesterday? > ["at dId III la:'11 Icsta'dcI] - Ce-ai invatat ieri?

They withdrew all their > [DZel u1Dzdru: 0:1 Dzei' - ~i-au retras toti banii.
money. mani]

How much have you > [hall mats h[ v lU: - Cat ai depus?
deposited? dipoZllld]

We called the cat Blinky. > [Ui: ko. ld D/a kEt blin(g)ki] - Am botezat-o Blinky pe pisica.

Completati propozitiile in limba engleza:

Vrei sa depui multi bani? - Do you want to > deposltmuch?

Inca nu l-ai completat. - You haven't> filledit in yet.

Noi am imprumutat multi bani de la el. - We have> borroweda lot of money from him.

Ai invatat cum se repara asta? - Have you> karnlhow to repair it?

Ce ti-a strigat? - What did she> callto you?

Completati, va rag, acest fonnular pentru - Fill in this fonn to > wlthdrawmoney, please.
ridicarea banilor.

Ai incasat deja acest cec? - Have you> cashed this cheque already?

Cu cat te-a imprumutat? - How much did he > lend you?

27
Traduceti unnatoarele cuvinte in limba engleza:

a retrage, a ridica bani > to wIthdraw

a chema > to call

a incasa, a schimba in bani (un cec) > to cash

a completa (un formular) > to fill In
a invata >-to learn
a depune > to depOSIt
ada imprumut (cuiva) > to lend
a lua imprumut (de la) > to borrow

Acum sa ne intoarcem la problema verbelor terminate in ,,-ing".

Aceastti 0 formti a verbului desemneazti substantivul format din verb. in propozi{ii ea are roluri
specijice substantivului dar i~i ptistreazti ~i caracterul verbal, datorittifaptului cti cere prepozi{iile $i
cazurile specijiceformei de bazti a .verbului. in limba englezti aceasttiformti a verbului cu termina(ia
,,-ing" se nume~te gerund [dJerand].

Inainte de a analiza caracteristicile acestei forme verbale, iata cateva exemple. Cu ajutorullor putem
observa ca aceasta forma a verbului se traduce in limba romana printr-un substantiv sau un verb la
infinitiv.

Smoking is bad for you. - Fumatul este daunator (pentru

dumneavoastra).

Is flying dangerous? - Zborul este periculos?

Before leaving he wrote a short letter. - Inaintea de a pleca el a scris 0 scrisoare scurtii.

You can learn something by doing it. - Poti sa inveti ceva fiicind (asta).

Ca orice substantiv gerunziul poate sti aparti in propozi(ie ca:

1. Subiect:
Walking in the woods is nice. - Plimbarea in padure este placuta.
Eating too much is not good for you. - A minca prea mult nu-ti face bine.

2. Dupti prepozi(ii:

They talked about going to the cinema. - Au vorbit despre faptul ca merg la cinema.
What do you think about buying a dog? - Ce parere ai despre cumpirarea unui caine?

Traduceti in limba engleza urmatoarele propozitii:

A te uita la TV poate fi obositor. > WatchIng TV can be tIrIng.

Nu-mi place sa ~terg pe jos. > I don't Itke dusting the floors.

Solicitarea unui loc de munca este epuizanta. > ApplyIng for a Job IS exhaustmg.

Ne giindim sa concediem zece angajati. > We are thmkmg about firIng ten employees.

28
Sa invatam ciiteva cuvinte noi. Cititi-Ie cu voce tare ~i retineti sensullor in limba romana:

prepared > [pripeard] - pregatit, gata (de, sa)

safe > [seif] - sigur, lipsit de pericol,

in siguranta

present > [prezant] - prezent, actual

sure > [~uar] - sigur, convins

previous > [pri:vJas] - anterior, prealabil, precedent

risky > [riski] - riscant, periculos

Sa introducem cuvintele noi in propozitii:

We are prepared to pay > [Ui' a: r pripeard tu pei - Suntem gata sa platim
in cash. in kE~] in numerar.

Is it safe to deposit money > liz It selftu dlpozit mani - Este sigur sa depui bani
with that bank? UiD' DzEt bEnk] la banca aceea?

What is the present rate > ["ot iz D'a prezant reit - Care este rata actuala
of interest? ov intrist] a dobiinzii?

Are you sure that your > [a: r IU: ~uaf D'Et io: f - E~ti sigur ca soldul tau este
balance is high enough? bElans iz hai inaf] indeajuns de ridicat?

When was your previous > [Uen Uoz io: f pri:vias - Ciind ai ridicat bani
withdrawal? uiDzdro:al] ultima oara?

Lending them money > [Iendin<g) D'em mani - Este riscant sa Ie dai bani
is risky. iz riski] cu imprumut.

Completati propozitiile in limba engleza:

E~ti sigur ca ai un cont aici? - Are you> sure you have an account here?

Ultima mea depunere a fost mica. - My >previous deposit was small.

E~ti pregatit sa pHite~ti in numerar? - Are you > prepared to pay cash?

Acest imprumut este foarte riscant. - This loan is very >risky.

Cecurile sunt mai sigure deciit bancnotele. - Cheques are >safer than bills.

Soldul actual este foarte scazut. - The >present balance is very low.

29
Traduceli cuvintele in limba engleza:

sigur > sure

pregatit, gata (de) > prepared
riscant > nsky
prezent > present
sigur, in siguranla > safe

precedent > previous

Sa ne intoarcem la pluralul substantivelor.

Daca substantivul este precedat de un numeral, altul dedit unu, atunci substantivul este la plural:

We waited for one and a half hours. - Am a~teptat 0 ora ~i jumatate.

They have lived here for three years. - Loeuiesc aici de trei ani.

He is ten years old. - EI are zece ani.

Daca substantivul are semnificafie de plural atunci trebuie safie la plural:

In that accident they lost their lives. - In acel accident ~i-au pierdut viata.

We all drove our own cars. - Fiecare ~i-a condus ma~ina.

We all bought our own tickets. - Noi toti ne-am cumparat biletele proprii.

Forma de gerunziu sefolose!jte in urmatoarele cazuri:

1. Dupii anumite verbe:

They stopped working after a few hours. - Ei au incetat lucml dupa cateva ore.

Do you like swimming? - Ili place sa inoli? (Ili place inotul?)

2. Cu urmiitoarele expresii:

it is no use - nefolositor, rara rost, nu are rost

it is worth - (care) merita

It is no use talking to him. - Nu are rost sa vorbim eu el.

The book is worth reading. - Cartea merita sa fie citita.

Traduceli urmatoarele propozilii in limba engleza:

Lor Ie place sa bea cafea? ])0 they lIke drinkll1g coffee?

Aceasta ma~ina merita sa fie cumparata. This car IS worth buying.
Nu are rost sa iei asta acum. It's no use takmg It now.
EI tocmai s-a oprit din scris. He has just stopped wrIting.

30
In incheire sa recapitulam toate problemele gramaticale discutate. Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii
in limba engleza:

Dupa completarea formularelor am primit banii. > After filling m the forms we got the money.

Aceste inforrnatii sunt demne de incredere. > This informatIOn is relJable.

II vei suna pe fratele meu? > Will you call my brother?

Poti plati ma~ina in rate. > You can pay the car in instalments.

Imi place sa fac afaceri cu el. > I lIke to do business with him.

Noi toti am folosit bicicletele proprii. > We all used our own bicycles.

E~ti sigur ca este riscant sa Ie > Are you sure that lending them
imprumutam bani? money is risky?

Este u~or sa faci 0 depunere. > Making a: deposit is easy.

~tii care este rata actuala a dobanzii? > Do you know the present rate of mterest?

Poti face asta vanzand proprietatea tao > You can do it by selling your property.

Nu-mi place sa iau cu imprumut. > I don't like borrowing.

Cati oameni ~i-au pierdut viata? > How many people lost then lives'!

Am avut un cont aici timp de zece ani. > I have had an account here for ten years.

EI a incasat cecul in urrna cu > He cashed the cheque one

o luna ~i jumatate. and a half months ago.

lar acum urmeaza exercitiul de pronuntie. Cuvintele de pe acee~i coloana au un sunet identic, desemnat
de literele scrise ingro~at. Cititi-Ie cu voce tare:

[ E] [e] [a] [i: ]

cash lend trouble disease

bank cheque struggle previous

balance left cut scene

stamp twelve but seen

lamp engine sun been

31
LECTIA
, 22 - PARTEA A nOVA

Cititi cu atentie urmatorul dialog. Silabele ~i cuvintele accentuate sunt evidentiate prin caractere
speciale:

Barbara: John, do you often have to go to the bank?

John: I think so. Why do you ask that?
Barbara: Because sometimes there are many people there.
John: Yes, many people want to make a withdrawal or a deposit.
Barbara: And you must fill in forms before you can do something.
John: People try to write very fast because they have little time.
Barbara: The bank always want information, but that takes time, too.
John: But when you do the necessary things you leave the bank in a hurry.

Mary: Peter, don't you think that we still have time for shopping?
Peter: I don't know. The streets are still full of traffic and you cannot drive very fast.
Mary: And something is wrong with the car. It didn't accelerate well when I was driving home.
Peter: And you don't know what the trouble is, so you have to ask a mechanic to check
everything.
Mary: If the trouble is serious I have to call a breakdown van.

Mary: Peter, the mechanic just called and said that he had to put a new engine in our car, but is
that true?
Peter: I don't know. You know that some people are not reliable. They only want your money.
Mary: But we don't have enough money right now to pay for a new engine.
Peter: Then we have to borrow money, at a high rate of interest.
Mary: This shows how one bad thing can cause another.
Peter: Well, it is better not to worry too much.

Urmeaza un exercitiu de traducere In care vom recapitula materialu1 1ectii10r 21 ~i 22. Traduceti
propozitiile In limba engleza:

Seara trecuta noi am vazut 0 piesa emotionanta. > We saw a movll1g play last mght.

Ultima scena a fost una remarcabi1a. > The last scene was a very remarkable one.

Cateva inventii sunt nefo10sitoare. > Some inventIOns are useless.

Nu toate filmele sunt interesante. > Not all rtlms are exciting.

Dar mie imi plac cele bune. > But 1 like the good ones.

Tu te uiti la mai mu1te filme decat mine. > YOLI \\ a1ch mOle films than I cia.

32
L-am rugat pe mecanic sa verifice motorul > l asked the mechal1lc to check the engine
~i el a lacut-o. and he did so.

A~ putea sa-l depa~esc u~or. > I could overtake hIm easily.

Ma~inile straine devin din ce 'in ce mai ieftine. > Foreign cars are gettmg cheaper and cheaper.

Dintre cei doi baieti, el 'il 'intreaba pe cel > He IS asking the 01 der of the two boys
mai mare unde este banca. '" here the bank is.

EI nu ne-a putut da > He could not give us

informatiile necesare. the necessary mformation.

Ei au lacut plinul 'in graba. > They filled up the car m a hurry.

Este un motor foarte economic. > It is a very economIcal engme.

E~ti sigur ca acumulatorul nu functioneaza? > Are you sure the battery is out of order?

Este mai sigur sa nu accelerezi prea mult. > It is safer not to accelerate too fast.

Am vazut un politist prin geamul din spate. > I sa\, a policeman through the rear window.

Inainte sa repare frana, el a verificat > Before repainng the brake, he checked
indicatoarele. the indicators.

Nu este greu sa schimbi un cauciuc. > Changmg a tyre is not dit1icult.

EI a ales 0 ma~ina straina. > He has chosen a foreign car.

Noi Ie-am 'imprumutat ni~te ulei. > \Ve have lent them some OIl.

E~ti gata sa ajuti un spion? > Are you prcpared to help a spy?

Situatia este 'inca alarmanta? > Is the situatIon stIlI alarming?

Poti face asta 'inainte de a incasa cecul? > Can you do this before cashing the cheque?

Camioanele trebuie sa aiba frane foarte bune. > Lorries must have very good brakes.

Ei pot face asta lara toate > Thcy can do It without making
gesturile acestea. all these gcstures.

Vezi diferenta? > Can you see what the difference is?

Nu are rost sa te ascunzi. > It's no use hiding.

Merita sa cumparam un acumulator nou? > It is worth buying a new battery?

A devenit din ce 'in ce mai riscant. > It was getting riskier and riskier.

Am rugat-o sa ridice bani ~i ea a Iacut-o. > I asked her to withdraw money and she did so.

Am vrut sa cumparam 0 ma~ina ~i am ales-o > We wanted to buy a car and we chose
pe cea economica. the economical onc.

Dintre cele doua, cea ieftina este > The cheaper of the two is the more
cea mai sigura. reliable one.
33
Controleaza neaparat ~i uleiul! > Do check the OIl!

Aceasta este ultima rata, dar cand au fost > This IS the last Instalment, but when were
cele anterioare? the prevIOus ones')

Este important sa avem 0 roata de rezerva. > It IS Important to have a spare tyre.

Trebuie sa alegem i'ntre a scoate bani > We must choose between withdraWIng money
~i a-i i'mprumuta. and borrowlllg it.

Iti poti vinde proprietatea. > Yau can sell your property.

Ea s-a lasat de fumat saptamana trecuta. > She gave up smoking last week.

Patru oameni ~i-au pierdut viata. > Four people lost their lIves.

"Changing a tyre is not difficult."

34
RECAPITULAREA LECTIEI
, 22

22.1. in limba engleza exista mai multe substantive care nu au forma de plural ~i alaturi de care
verbul se folose~te la persoana a Ill-a singular. in limba romana unele sunt traduse prin forme
de singular, altele prin forme de plural:

business - afacere, treaba, treburi

furniture - mobilier, mobila

22.2. Gerunziul (substantive formate din verbe cu terminatia ,,-ing")

22.2.1. Ca orice substantiv la fel ~i gerunziul apare in propozitie ca :

I. Subiect al propozitiei:

Walking in the woods is nice. - Plimbarea in padure este placuta.

2. Dupa prepozitii:

They talked about going to - Au vorbit despre plecarea la

Bucharest. Bucure~ti.

22.2.2. Forma de gerunziu 0 folosim:

I. Dupa anumite verbe:
They stopped working after a - Au incetat sa lucreze dupa
few hours. cateva ore.
2. Cu urmatoarele expresii:
it is no use - nu are rost
it is worth - merita sa (00')
It is no use talking to him. - Nu are rost sa vorbim cu el.
The book is worth reading. - Cartea merita citita.

22.3. Daca substantivul este precedat de un numeral "mai mare decat unu", atunci substantivul
apare la plural:
We waited for one and a half hours. - Am a~teptat 0 ora ~i jumatate.
They have lived here for three years. - Locuiesc aici de trei ani.
He is ten years old. - EI are zece ani.
Daca substantivul are semnificatie de plural atunci trebuie sa primeasca ~i forma de plural:
In that accident they lost their lives. - ~i-au pierdut viata in acel accident.

35
TEMA PENTRU ACASA 22

A. Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba romana:

I. My previous job was filling in forms.

2. It's no use withdrawing all that money.

3. When did you make your last withdrawal?

4. I think borrowing money is risky.

5. Are you sure there is enough revenue?

6. It is better to ask for information before depositing money.

B. Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

I. Noi toti ne-am completat formularele.

2. Rata dobiinzii cre~te rapid.

3. E~ti gata sa-mi schimbi acest cec in bani?

4. In aceasta situatie poti sa dai bani cu imprumut.

5. Ei au retras multi bani din acest cont.

6. Imi place sa-mi verific des bilantul.

c. Corectati gre~elile din urmatoarele propozitii:

1. I want more informations.

2. Why have you lended them those books?

3. Is there many progress?

4. It is safer without to borrow.

5. Who withdrawed it?

36
Lista verbelor neregulate din lecpile 21 ~i 22

forma I forma a II-a forma a III-a

choose > [t~u:z] chose > [t~auz] chosen > [t~auzn]

hide > [hald] hid > [hid] hidden > [hidn]

learn > [Ia.ln] learnt > [la:fnt] learnt > [la:fnt]

lend > [lend] lent > [lent] lent > [lent]

strike > [stralk] struck > [strak] struck > [strak]

withdraw > [U1Dzdro:] withdrew > [UiDzdru'] withdrawn > [UiDzdro:n]

37
VOCABITLARUL LECTIILOR
, 21 SI
, 22
to accelerate > [tu akselarelt] - a accelera
account > [akaunt] - cont
to alarm > [tu ala.'m] - a alarrna
as soon as > [Ez su:n Ez] - de indata ce
balance > [bElans] - balanta, bilant, echilibru, sold
battery > [bEtan] - baterie, acumulator
to borrow > [tu borau] - a imprumuta, a lua imprumut
brake > [brelk] - frana
to brake > [tu brelk] - a frana
breakdown van > [brelkdaun yEn] - ma~ina de depanare auto
broken > [braukn] - sfiiramat, spart, stricat
business > [biznis] - afacere, treaba
to call (to) > [tuko:l] - a chema, a striga, a denumi,
a boteza
to cash > [tu kE~] - a incasa, a schimba un cec in bani,
a plati in numerar
catching > [kEt~lll(g)] - molipsitor, contagios
to check > [tu t~ek] - a controla, a verifica
cheque > [t~ek] - cec (bancar)
to choose > [tu t~u:z] - a alege, a selecta
coin > [korn] - moneda, bani
deposit > [dlpozit] - depozit, depunere, bani pu~i
la banca
to deposit > [tu dlpOZlt] - a depune, a depozita
difference > [difrans] - diferenta, deosebire
to disappoint > [tu dlsapornt] - a dezamagi, a deceptiona
disease > [dlzi:z] - boala, maladie
economical > [J:kanomikal] - econom, economicos
engine > [endJln] - motor
to excite > [tu Iksalt] - a provoca, a emotiona
exciting > [lksaltll1(g)] - interesant, captivant
to exhaust > [tu Igzo st] - a epuiza, a istovi
exhausting > r Igzo.stm(g)] - epuizant, istovitor
to fill in > [tu fil m] - a completa (un formular,
chestionar etc.)
to fill up > [tu fil ap] - a umple, a ocupa (un post liber),
a pune (benzina in rezervor)
film > [film] - film

38
foreign > [forin] - strain, din alta tara
form > [fo:fm] - formular
front > [ frant] - partea din fata, front, fata
furniture > [ fii:fnit~af] - mobilier, mobila
gerund > [djerand] - gerunziu (substantiv format
din verb)
gesture > [ dJest~afJ - gest
to hide > [tu hald] - a ascunde, a acoperi

indicator > [indikelta f] - indicator (de directie, etc), aparat

de masura/control
information > [inIamei~n ] - informatii
instalment > [ insto:lmant] - rata, plata in rate
invention > [inven~n] - inventie, descoperire
to invite > [tu invalt] - a invita
inviting > [ invaitin(g)] - imbietor, ispititor, ademenitor,
tentant
it's no use > [its nau iu:z] - n-are rost
to learn > [tu la:fn] - a invata, a afla
left > [left] - stang, din stanga
to lend > [tu lend] - a imprumuta, a da cu imprumut
litre (USA liter) > [ li:ta r ] - litru
loan > [ laun] -imprumut
lorry > [Ion] - camion
mechanic > [mikEnik] - mecanic
merchandise > [ma:ft~andaiz ] - marIa
to move > [tu mu:v] - a se mi~ca, a se muta, a se deplasa,
a emotiona
movmg > [mu:vin(g)] - emotionant
oil > [011] - ulei
to overtake > [tu ouvafteik] - a ajunge din urma, a depa~i

person > [pa:fsn] - individ, persoana

petrol > [ petral] - benzina, carburant
play > [plei] - joc, piesa

prepared > [pripeafd] - pregatit, gata (de, sa)

present > [prezant] - prezent, actual

prevIous > [pri:vias] - anterior, prealabil, precedent

progress > [praugres] - progres, evolutie
property > [propafti] - proprietate, avere
rate of interest > [relt ov intnst] - rata dobanzii, dobanda

39
rear > [ria r] - (in/din) spate, dos, urma
reliable > [nlaiabl] - demn de Incredere, sigur
remarkable > [nma:rkabl] - remarcabil, deosebit
to repair > [tu npear] - a repara, a Indrepta
revenue > [revaniu:] - venit (anual), ca~tig(uri), beneficii
risky > [riski] - riscant, primejdios, periculos
safe > [ self] - sigur, lipsit de pericol, In siguranta
scene > [si:n] - scena, decor, peisaj
situation > [sitlUei~n ] - situatie, stare
spare
spy
strength
to strike
> [spear]
> [sPai]
> [stren(g)TS]
> [tu straik]
- de rezerva, suplimentar, liber
- splOn
- putere, forta, tarie
- a lovi, a izbi, a frapa, a ~oca
.. ~

striking > [stralkin(g)] - izbitor, frapant

struggle > [stragl] - lupta, ciocnire, Intrecere
sure > [~uar] - slgur
to surprise > [tu sapralz] - a surprinde, a uimi,
a lua prin surprindere
surprising > [sapralzin(gl] - surprinzator, nea~teptat

task > [ta:sk] - sarcina, Indatorire

to tire > [tu taia r] - a obosi
tiring > [taiarm(gl] - obositor, plictisitor
trouble > [trabl] - necaz, suparare, griji
tyre
useless
to withdraw
> [tad]
> [1U:slis]
> [tu uiDzdro:]
- pneu, anvelopa, cauciuc
- inutil, nefolositor, zadamic
- a retrage, a lua Inapoi, a scoate,
• .....
a ridica bani
withdrawal > [U1Dzdro:al] - retragere, ridicare de bani
worth > [Ua:TT'] - care merita

40