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Expressions
Kiran Satyavarapu
Algebra II
Coolidge High School
Objective
To find the nth root of a Polynomial
Essential Understanding
52 = 25
53 = 125
54 = 625
55 = 3125
Definition of n Root
th
Notation
index
radical
81
radicand
Simplify
81
81= 3
Principal Root
The nonnegative root of a number
64
64
Opposite of principal
square root
Both square roots
64
Summary of Roots
even
odd
one + root
one - root
one + root
no - roots
no real
roots
no + roots
one - root
one real
root, 0
Finding Roots
3-8
0.04
4(-1)
(-2)2
Your Turn
Find the real-number roots for the following
3-27
4-81
(-7)2
-49
3a6b9
4x8y12
Your Turn
81x4
3a12b15
4x12y16
10648
16807
16
Solutions: 22,
7, and
ERR:
NONREAL
ANS
Lets take a closer
look at this answer
aa
When n is an even
number
Why? We want to
make sure that the
root is always positive
when the index is an
even number
ex :
4
16 x y (2) x ( y ) 2 x y
4
2 4
ex :
Notice
that the
index is
an odd
number
here . . .
x y x (y ) x y
3
2 3
4x y
27 x y
6
Solutions
Simplify each expression. Use the absolute value symbols when needed.
4x y
27 x y
6
NEGATIVE EXPONENT
RULE
5
a
1
2
5
1
n
a
PRODUCT OR POWER
RULE
2 2
10
20
a a a
m
30
m n
QUOTIENT OF POWER
RULE
10
3
6
3
4
3
a
x
a b
x
b
x
POWER OF POWER
RULE
(x4)
43
(a ) a
m n
x
mn
12
POWER OF PRODUCT
RULE
(2x4) 2 x
5
45
32x
(ab ) a b
m n
n mn
20
POWER OF A QUOTIENT
RULE
3
3I
F
G
J
Hy K y
5
5
5
aI a
F
G
J
Hb K b
n
n
n
POWER OF QUOTIENT 2
RULE
3
y
3
2
y
2
x
y
y
y
2
9
3
2
y
a
x
a
Fractional Exponents
(Powers and Roots)
Power
x
y
a a ( a )
Root
RADICAL TO EXPONENT
RULE
1/ 2
25
1/ 2
25
a a
1/ n
5
a
n
RATIONAL EXPONENT
RULE
16
3
4
m
n
16
a a
n
a
n
8
m