4/19/16

Math 1010
Lorena Espinosa (Group 5 member)

Pizza Pricing
Pizza Pricing. Papa Romeo's Pizza in Chicago, Illinois, sells a 10-in. diameter
cheese pizza for $9, a 14-in. diameter pizza for $13, and an 18-in. diameter
pizza for $21. Which better models the price of the pizza: a linear function or
a quadratic function of the diameter?
Quadratic.

Source: mypaparomeospizza.com
1. Graph ordered pairs from the data above using the form (diameter, price).
Do the data appear to be quadratic or linear?
(10,9),(14,13),(18,21)
Linear. (Points are plotted on graph.)
2. Fit each of the following models to the data, where p(x) is the price, in
dollars, of an x-inch diameter pizza. Using a different color for each, graph
the functions on the same graph as the ordered pairs. Then determine
visually which model best fits the data.

oa) Linear function p(x)=mx+b,p(x)=mx+b, using the points (10, 9) and (14,
13)
P(x)=mx+b
13-9

===> 4/4= 1

14-10
P(9)=1(10)+b= 9=10+b Subtract 10 from each side.
9-10+b = -1
Y=1x/1-1

(0,-1)

ob) Linear function p(x)=mx+b,p(x)=mx+b, using the points (10, 9) and (18,
21)
21-9

===>12/8=6/4=3/2

18-10
P(9)=3/2(10)+b
9=15+b Subtract 15 from each side.
B=-6

(0,-6)

Y=3/2x-6

oc) Quadratic function p(x)=ax2+bx+c,p(x)=ax2+bx+c, using all three points

(10,9), (14,13), (18,21) Solve by multiplying.

9=a(10)^2+b(10)+c
9=100a+10b+c
13=a(14)^2+b(14)+c
13=196a+14b+c
21=a(18)^2+b(18)+c
21=324a+18b+c
1. 100a+10b+c=9
2. 196a+14b+c=13
3. 324a+18b+c=21

Solve by using system of equations and start eliminating variables.

2

Eliminate c first:
(1)
100a

100a +
10b +
c = 9
+
10b +
c= 9

(2) (-1) -196a_ -324a__18b (4)

(5)

(1)

14b
- _ c = -13
c = - 21

-96a 4b
- 324a
8b

(3) (-1)

= -4
= -12

Solve for a:
(4) (-8)
32

-96a - 4b

(5) (4)
_ __-48

-224a - 8b

-4

768a

= -12

+32b

-896a ___- 32b

-128a

-16

-128

-128

a = 1/8.
Solve for b:
(4)

-96( 1/8) -

-12_____-________4b
-4b
-4
b = -2

4b
=

= -4
-4

=8
-4

Solve for c:
(2)

100(1/8) +
25/2

10(-2)
20 __

+c= 9
+

c_______= 9

c = 16.5

P(x)=1/8x^2-2x+16.5

 3. One way to tell whether a function is a good fit is to see how well it
predicts another known value. Papa Romeo's also sells a 22-in. diameter
cheese pizza for $28. Which function from part (2) comes closest to
predicting the actual value?
Function B.

4. Because the area of a circle is given by A=r2,A=r2, would you expect

the price of a cheese pizza to be quadratic or linear?
Quadratic.

5. Research. Find another restaurant that sells at least four sizes of pizza.
Listing diameter on the horizontal axis and price on the vertical axis, graph
their pizza prices and determine whether a linear model or a quadratic
model appears to be the best fit. Use two or three of the prices to find a
function that models the data, and test your model by predicting a known
price not used to form the model.
Domino's Pizza sells 4 different sizes of pizza (cheese)
A small pizza 10" for $8, a medium pizza 12" for $10, large pizza
14" for $13, and an x-large pizza 16" for $15.
Source: www.dominos.com
(10,8), (12,10), (14,13), and (16,15) to test the model
4

(Point are plotted on Domino's graph)

A. Y=mx+b (10,8) (12,10)
10-8

===>2/2= 1

12-10
8=1(10)+b
8=10+b

Subtract 10 from both sides.

-2=b
Y=1/1x-2

B. y=mx+b (10,8) (14,13)

13-8

===>5/4

14-10
8=5/4(10)+b
8=25/2+b Subtract 25/2 from both sides.
-4.5 OR -9/2=b
Y=5/4x-9/2

Reflection:
"There are lots of practical uses for quadratic functions. We see this Pizza
Pricing one use of quadratic functions. Find another practical use for using
quadratic functions to solve everyday problems and write about it. Give a
specific example of how utilizing quadratic functions helps in business."
An interesting real life problem I solved in our 8.8 homework assignment showed
that a concert's hall number of tickets sold each day is given by this equation:
N(x)=-0.5x^2+13x+12, where x= number of days since the concert (at this
specific concert hall) was announced. When will daily ticket sales peak and how
many tickets will be sold that day?
I solved by completing the square.
-0.5(x^2-26x)+12
26/2)^2=169

then I took 26, divided by 2, and squared

===>

(-

-0.5(x^2-26x+169-169)+12 ===> -0.5(x^2-26x+169) + -0.5(-169)+12

-0.5(x-13)^2 +96.5
Vertex=(13,96.5)
Round 96.5 to 97.
Your answers are: (13, 97)
Tickets sales will peak 13 days after the concert was first announced.
The number of tickets sold on that day will be 97.
A business is then able to figure out their ticket sales using this similar quadratic
function set up. They can plug in their ticket sales (or what they are averaging each
day.) And they can figure out when daily ticket sales will peak, and how many
tickets will be sold that day.